<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!--XBRL document created by RR Donnelley IM Processor 4.0.0.0 using Fujitsu Interstage XWand-->
<schema targetNamespace="http://www.troweprice.com/20120927" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:trputfi="http://www.troweprice.com/20120927" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric">
  <annotation>
    <appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="trputfi-20120927_pre.xml" xlink:title="Presentation Links, all" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="trputfi-20120927_cal.xml" xlink:title="Calculation Links, all" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="trputfi-20120927_def.xml" xlink:title="Definition Links, all" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="trputfi-20120927_lab.xml" xlink:title="Label Links, all" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" />
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentDocumentandEntityInformation" id="DocumentDocumentandEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>000000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryIntermediateFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000011 - Document - Risk/Return Summary {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryIntermediateFund" id="ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000012 - Schedule - Shareholder Fees {- U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryIntermediateFund" id="ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000013 - Schedule - Annual Fund Operating Expenses {- U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryIntermediateFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000014 - Schedule - Expense Example {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedU.S.TreasuryIntermediateFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000015 - Schedule - Expense Example, No Redemption {Transposed} - U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsU.S.TreasuryIntermediateFundBarChart" id="ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsUSTreasuryIntermediateFundBarChart">
        <link:definition>000016 - Schedule - Annual Total Returns - U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund [BarChart]</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryIntermediateFund" id="ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000017 - Schedule - Average Annual Total Returns {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryIntermediateFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000018 - Document - Risk/Return Detail {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsU.S.TreasuryIntermediateFund" id="DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsUSTreasuryIntermediateFund">
        <link:definition>000019 - Disclosure - Risk/Return Detail Data {Elements} - U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryLong-TermFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000021 - Document - Risk/Return Summary {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryLongTermFund" id="ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000022 - Schedule - Shareholder Fees {- U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryLongTermFund" id="ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000023 - Schedule - Annual Fund Operating Expenses {- U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryLongTermFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000024 - Schedule - Expense Example {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedU.S.TreasuryLong-TermFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000025 - Schedule - Expense Example, No Redemption {Transposed} - U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsUSTreasuryLongTermFundBarChart" id="ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsUSTreasuryLongTermFundBarChart">
        <link:definition>000026 - Schedule - Annual Total Returns {- U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund} [BarChart]</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryLongTermFund" id="ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000027 - Schedule - Average Annual Total Returns {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryLong-TermFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000028 - Document - Risk/Return Detail {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsU.S.TreasuryLong-TermFund" id="DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsUSTreasuryLongTermFund">
        <link:definition>000029 - Disclosure - Risk/Return Detail Data {Elements} - U.S. Treasury Long-Term Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryMoneyFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnSummaryUnlabeledUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000031 - Document - Risk/Return Summary {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Money Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryMoneyFund" id="ScheduleShareholderFeesUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000032 - Schedule - Shareholder Fees {- U.S. Treasury Money Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryMoneyFund" id="ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpensesUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000033 - Schedule - Annual Fund Operating Expenses {- U.S. Treasury Money Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000034 - Schedule - Expense Example {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Money Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund" id="ScheduleExpenseExampleNoRedemptionTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000035 - Schedule - Expense Example, No Redemption {Transposed} - {U.S. Treasury Money Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsU.S.TreasuryMoneyFundBarChart" id="ScheduleAnnualTotalReturnsUSTreasuryMoneyFundBarChart">
        <link:definition>000036 - Schedule - Annual Total Returns - U.S. Treasury Money Fund [BarChart]</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund" id="ScheduleAverageAnnualTotalReturnsTransposedUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000037 - Schedule - Average Annual Total Returns {Transposed} {- U.S. Treasury Money Fund}</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledU.S.TreasuryMoneyFund" id="DocumentRiskReturnDetailUnlabeledUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000038 - Document - Risk/Return Detail {Unlabeled} - U.S. Treasury Money Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.troweprice.com/role/DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsU.S.TreasuryMoneyFund" id="DisclosureRiskReturnDetailDataElementsUSTreasuryMoneyFund">
        <link:definition>000039 - Disclosure - Risk/Return Detail Data {Elements} - U.S. Treasury Money Fund</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </appinfo>
  </annotation>
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2012/dei-2012-01-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/rr/2012-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/rr/2012/rr-2012-01-31.xsd" />
  <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
  <element name="S000002167Member" id="trputfi_S000002167Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="C000005564Member" id="trputfi_C000005564Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="BarclaysUsFourToTenYearTreasuryBondIndexMember" id="trputfi_BarclaysUsFourToTenYearTreasuryBondIndexMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="LipperGeneralUsTreasuryFundsAverageMember" id="trputfi_LipperGeneralUsTreasuryFundsAverageMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="S000002168Member" id="trputfi_S000002168Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="C000005565Member" id="trputfi_C000005565Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="BarclaysUsLongTermTreasuryBondIndexMember" id="trputfi_BarclaysUsLongTermTreasuryBondIndexMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="S000002169Member" id="trputfi_S000002169Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="C000005566Member" id="trputfi_C000005566Member" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <element name="LipperUsTreasuryMoneyMarketFundsAverageMember" id="trputfi_LipperUsTreasuryMoneyMarketFundsAverageMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="false" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
</schema>
