EX-10 2 ex1055.txt SPD ELECTRONICS PATENT LICENSE AGREEMENT BETWEEN DAIMLER AG, RESEARCH FRONTIERS AND SPD CONTROL SYSTEMS. [EXHIBIT 10.55 - Certain portions of this document have been omitted in the publicly filed version of this document pursuant to the Registrant's request for confidential treatment and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Omitted confidential information is indicated in brackets in this Exhibit.] SPD ELECTRONICS PATENT LICENSE AGREEMENT AMONG RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED AND SPD CONTROL SYSTEMS CORPORATION AND DAIMLER AG This License Agreement ("Agreement") effective as of December 22, 2010 by and among RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED, a Delaware corporation ("LICENSOR") and SPD CONTROL SYSTEMS CORPORATION, a New York corporation ("SCSC") and DAIMLER AG, a corporation formed under the laws of Germany - Mercedesstrasse 137, 70327 Stuttgart, Germany ("LICENSEE"). RECITALS WHEREAS, LICENSOR has been engaged in research and development in the application of physicochemical concepts to Light Valves and Light Valve Control Units, including Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Products (as such capitalized terms are hereinafter defined) and of methods and apparatus relating to products incorporating such concepts; and is possessed of and can convey information, intellectual property, and know-how for such products and rights to manufacture, use and sell such products; and WHEREAS, SCSC as a licensee of Research Frontiers Inc. has been engaged in research and development of electronic controllers to operate Light Valves including Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Products, and has and can convey information, intellectual property and know-how for such electronic controllers and rights to manufacture, use and sell such electronic controllers; and WHEREAS, LICENSEE is interested in manufacturing or having manufactured for it by its suppliers for use or incorporation of Light Valve Control Units in its Transportation Vehicles; and WHEREAS, LICENSEE desires to acquire from LICENSOR and SCSC, and LICENSOR and SCSC desire to grant to LICENSEE, licenses with respect to intellectual property rights of LICENSOR and SCSC for use on Light Valve Control Units; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows. 1 DEFINITIONS. The following terms when used herein shall have the respective meanings set forth in this Article 1. The "Effective Date" of this Agreement shall be the date which is the last date of formal execution of this Agreement by duly authorized representatives of the parties to this Agreement as indicated on the signature page of this Agreement. "Licensed Territory" means countries with LICENSOR's intellectual property rights listed in Schedule A. "Light Valve" means a variable light transmission device comprising: a cell including cell walls, containing or adapted to contain an activatable material, described hereinafter, such that a change in the optical characteristics of the activatable material affects the characteristics of light absorbed by, transmitted through and/or reflected from the cell; means incorporated in or on the cell, or separate therefrom for applying an electric or magnetic field to the activatable material within the cell; and coatings, (including, but not limited to, electrodes), spacers, seals, electrical and/or electronic components, and other elements incorporated in or on or combined with the cell. The activatable material, which the cell contains or is adapted to contain, includes in it solid suspended particles, which when subjected to a suitable electric or magnetic field, orient to produce a change in the optical characteristics of the device, and may be in the form of a liquid suspension, gel, film or other material. "Light Valve Control Unit" or "LVCU" means a device used to operate Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Products containing electronics, including but not limited to, circuit boards, controllers, software, connectors and wiring, but this definition shall not include the products themselves incorporating a Light Valve such as Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Products. The Light Valve Control Unit is subjected to at least one of the intellectual property rights listed in Schedule A. "Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Product" means a Light Valve used or intended for use as a window (including sunroofs, vehicle roofs, roof panels, windshields, and side and rear window panes which are an integral part of the internal or external structure of such vehicle) whether the window is supplied as original equipment or a replacement window pane, integrally incorporated in a Transportation Vehicle of a type not primarily designed or primarily intended for military use. The term "Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Product" shall not include a Light Valve used or intended for use as a sunvisor, but may include Light Valves which are used or intended for use in a non-military Transportation Vehicle as, or as part of, or are laminated to, or the surface area of which is primarily attached to, a window, sunroof or windshield. The term "Transportation Vehicle" shall mean passenger cars, recreational vehicles, trucks, buses, mobile cranes, trains, boats, agricultural, construction and mining equipment, but shall not include other types of vehicles such as aircraft, space craft and space-stations. "Intellectual Property" means all patents and patent applications listed in Schedule A. LICENSOR, LICENSEE and SCSC each individually referred to as a "Party" and collectively referred to as the "Parties". [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] 2 GRANT OF LICENSE. 2.1 License. (a) SCSC hereby grants to LICENSOR a non-exclusive right and license (including the right to grant sublicenses) to sublicense to LICENSEE any invention claimed in (i) any of the unexpired patents, in any country, now or hereafter listed under "SCSC Intellectual Property" on Schedule A attached hereto or (ii) unexpired patents which issue from pending patent applications now or hereafter listed under "SCSC Intellectual Property" on Schedule A, and any continuations, continuations-in-part, divisions, reissues, reexaminations, or extensions thereof. (b) LICENSOR hereby grants LICENSEE a non-exclusive right and license to make, have made, use, distribute, offer, lease, sell or otherwise dispose of any invention claimed in (i) any of the unexpired patents, in any country, now or hereafter listed on Schedule A attached hereto or (ii) unexpired patents which issue from pending patent applications, in any country, now or hereafter listed in Schedule A, and any continuations, continuations-in-part, divisions, reissues, reexaminations, or extensions thereof for use or incorporation of Light Valve Control Units in LICENSEE's Transportation Vehicles. 2.2 No Other Rights. LICENSEE agrees that, except for the specific licenses granted to it under Section 2.1 hereof for use in Light Valve Control Units, LICENSEE has not acquired any rights or licenses under this Agreement to use Light Valves or any components thereof made by or for LICENSEE pursuant to this Agreement. 3 ROYALTY PAYMENTS, CONSIDERATIONS, REPORTS AND RECORD-KEEPING. 3.1 Royalties and Reports on Net Sales. (a) During the term of this Agreement, LICENSEE agrees to pay LICENSOR upon distribution of the vehicle a royalty hereunder which shall be [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] (b) The royalty plus the corresponding sales tax, are to be paid by LICENSEE on a monthly basis and shall be due on or before the last day of each month and shall cover production made for the month prior. [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] (c) The Parties shall take all measures in accordance with domestic law and the Treaty on the Avoidance of Double Taxation between the United States of America and Germany ("the Treaty") to ensure a reduction of or exemption from, as the case may be, taxes which might become payable in connection with this Agreement. All sales taxes shall be borne by LICENSEE. All other taxes of any kind whatsoever in connection with payments made by LICENSEE and imposed on LICENSOR by the US tax authorities shall be borne by LICENSOR and/or SCSC. All taxes or duties of any kind whatsoever in connection with payments made by LICENSEE and imposed or to be paid in Germany shall be borne by LICENSEE. The preceding sentence does not apply to income taxes imposed or withheld in accordance with the Treaty. In case LICENSEE is required to withhold taxes in accordance with the Treaty from the payments under this Agreement, LICENSEE shall exercise its best effort to attain that the payment to LICENSOR will be taxed at the reduced rate under German tax law and the Treaty at the time of payment. In case LICENSEE is required to withhold taxes from payments under this Agreement, LICENSEE shall provide LICENSOR with original copies of the tax receipt and any other documents that evidence calculation and payment of the tax without undue delay. These documents shall specify LICENSOR as tax payer, the amount of the tax paid, the tax law and the regulation on which such tax payment is based, the tax rate or the amount on which such rate is based, and the date of payment of the tax. 3.2 Minimum Royalties Regardless of whether LICENSEE is distributing, purchasing or selling any Light Valve Control Units, during the term of this Agreement LICENSEE agrees to pay LICENSOR an initial fee of [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] EUR after full signing of this License Agreement with LICENSORs invoice being issued on or before December 31, 2010, a second fee payment of [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] EUR due on or before January 31, 2011 and the non-refundable minimum royalties (in EUR) specified below for each of the stated periods: Period Minimum Royalty Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] 3.3 Time and Method of Other Payments. (a) LICENSOR shall send LICENSEE an invoice after the end of each calendar year beginning with the 2012 calendar year for any shortfall between the amounts paid by LICENSEE to LICENSOR pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof during such calendar year and the Minimum Annual Royalty Payment due under Section 3.2 hereof. The aforementioned invoices will be paid by 25th day of the following month after LICENSOR has sent the applicable invoice. (b) All other payments shall be due on the date specified in this Agreement, or if no date is specified, within 30 days of invoice. (c) The payment will be increased by 1% for the amount due for each month or part thereof for which LICENSEE is in arrears with payment. (d) All payments made to LICENSOR shall be paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of Research Frontiers Incorporated at Chase Manhattan Bank, 6040 Tarbell Road, Syracuse, New York 13206, Account No.: xxx-xxx-xxx, ABA Wire Code No.: 021 000 021, or to such other account or place, as LICENSOR may specify in a notice to LICENSEE. 3.4 Recordkeeping. LICENSEE shall keep true and accurate records, files and books of accounts that relate to Light Valve Control Units and their use on LICENSEE's vehicles, all data reasonably required for the full computation and verification of the manufacture, sale, delivery and receipt of Light Valve Control Units, deductions therefrom and royalties to be paid. LICENSOR and LICENSEE agree that an independent certified public accounting firm (selected by LICENSOR from the largest ten certified public accounting firms in the United States of America, Germany or any country in the Licensed Territory) may audit such records, files and books of accounts to determine the accuracy of the statements given by LICENSEE pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof. Such an audit shall be made upon reasonable advance notice to LICENSEE and during usual business hours. The cost of the audit shall be borne by LICENSOR unless the audit shall disclose a breach by LICENSEE of any term of this Agreement, or an underpayment error in excess of three percent of the total monies paid to LICENSOR by LICENSEE during the audited period, in which case LICENSEE shall bear the full cost of such audit. LICENSEE agrees to pay LICENSOR all additional monies that are disclosed by the audit to be due and owing to LICENSOR within thirty days of the receipt of the report. 4 OBLIGATIONS OF LICENSEE. 4.1 Indemnification. LICENSEE agrees to indemnify and hold harmless LICENSOR and SCSC, and each of their affiliates for any claims, warranties, or liability relating to the production, installation or use of Light Valve Control Units. 4.2 No Warranties by LICENSOR or SCSC. LICENSOR and SCSC do not represent or warrant the performance of any Light Valve Control Unit or of any material, component, or information provided hereunder, and LICENSEE expressly acknowledges and agrees that any such material, Component or information provided by LICENSOR and SCSC hereunder is provided "AS IS" and that LICENSOR and SCSC make no warranty with respect thereto and DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT THERETO, ITS USE OR ANY INABILITY TO USE IT, OR THE RESULTS OF ITS USE. In no event shall LICENSOR or SCSC be liable for any damages, whether in contract or tort (including negligence), including but not limited to direct, consequential, special, exemplary, incidental and indirect damages, arising out of or in connection with this Agreement or the use, the results of use, or the inability to use, or incorporation into a vehicle of any Light Valve Control Unit, material, component or information provided hereunder. 5 TRADEMARKS. All trademarks or service marks that either party may adopt and use for Light Valve Control Units or other products incorporating Light Valves are and shall remain the exclusive property of the adopting party, and the other party shall not obtain any rights and license to such marks under this Agreement, LICENSOR and SCSC however are allowed to refer to LICENSEE by using LICENSEE's name Daimler AG. LICENSOR may require LICENSEE to indicate on packaging that Light Valve Control Units are licensed from Research Frontiers Incorporated and SCSC or to otherwise include language and/or designations agreed between LICENSOR and LICENSEE indicating an affiliation with Research Frontiers Incorporated and/or SCSC or to use trademarks specified by LICENSOR or SCSC on LICENSEE's Light Valve Control Units if required under applicable law. 6 INSURANCE AND INDEMNIFICATION. 6.1 Insurance. LICENSEE shall maintain at all times ample product liability and other liability insurance covering its products. 6.2 Indemnification. LICENSEE hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold harmless LICENSOR and SCSC and their respective shareholders, officers, directors, agents and employees (each, an "Indemnified Party"), against any liability, damage, loss, fine, penalty, claim, cost or expense (including reasonable costs of investigation and settlement and attorneys', accountants' and other experts' fees and expenses) arising out of any action or inaction by LICENSEE or its suppliers relating to this Agreement including the manufacture, sale, use, incorporation into a vehicle, lease or other disposition of Light Valve Control Units, and related materials, or other use of the information and rights granted hereunder. Any knowledge of LICENSEE's supplier's activities by LICENSOR or SCSC or their respective representatives shall in no way impose any liability on LICENSOR or SCSC or reduce the responsibilities of LICENSEE hereunder or relieve it from any of its obligations and warranties under this Agreement. 7 FUTURE PATENTS. 7.1 Future Patents. Each party, at its cost, shall have the right to file patent applications in the United States and in foreign countries covering any invention made by such party. 7.2 Improvements and Modifications. (a) Any future improvements or modifications invented or developed by or on behalf of LICENSEE, LICENSOR or SCSC after the Effective Date of this Agreement, if any, which relate in any way to or are useful in the design, operation, manufacture and assembly of Light Valve Control Units, Light Vales and/or to the suspensions or other components used or usable in Light Valves shall not be included in this Agreement except as specifically provided herein. Upon written request by the non-inventing party, LICENSOR, SCSC, and LICENSEE shall negotiate with each other regarding the grant of nonexclusive rights and licenses to use such improvements and modifications, but neither party shall be obligated to grant such rights and licenses to one another. (b) LICENSOR or SCSC, may voluntarily add patents and/or patent applications to Schedule A hereof, provided however, that LICENSEE must agree in writing to accept such additional patents and patent applications for them to be validly added to Schedule A hereof. No disclosure of any information by LICENSOR or SCSC shall in any way establish a course of dealing or otherwise require LICENSOR or SCSC to make any future disclosure of information under this Agreement. 8 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS 8. Compliance with Laws Whereas the PARTIES acknowledge that the business operations including the overseas activities and investments of LICENSEE and its affiliated companies are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt P ractices Act ("FCPA") as well as other "APPLICABLE LAWS" (as defined below) the PARTIES hereby confirm that they are aware of the APPLICABLE LAWS, and, in connection with the activities of the PARTIES related to this Agreement, the PARTIES hereby commit to strict compliance with such APPLICABLE LAWS and make the following representations and warranties as of the date of this Agreement and for the duration of this Agreement in connection with its activities related to this Agreement: 8.1 The PARTIES, for themselves and on behalf of their "AFFILIATED PERSONS" (as defined below) , represent, warrant and covenant that: a. they and their AFFILIATED PERSONS are solely responsible for complying, have to their best knowledge complied, and will comply, with APPLICABLE LAWS and have to their best knowledge not taken and will not take or fail to take any action, which act or omission would subject the respective other PARTY or its affiliated companies to liability under APPLICABLE LAWS; b. neither the PARTIES nor any of its AFFILIATED PERSONS have, to their or its best knowledge, offered, paid, given or loaned or promised to pay, give or loan, or will offer, pay, give or loan or promise to pay, give or loan, directly or indirectly, money or any other thing of value to or for the benefit of any "GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL" (as defined below), for the purposes of corruptly (a) influencing any act or decision of such GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL in his official capacity, (b) inducing such GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL to do or omit to do any act in violation of his lawful duty, (c) securing any improper advantage or (d) inducing such GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL to use his influence with a "GOVERNMENT ENTITY" (as defined below) to affect or influence any act or decision of that GOVERNMENT ENTITY, in each instance to direct business to the PARTIES or their affiliated companies; and c. in case the PARTIES or any of their AFFILIATED PERSONS is or will become a GOVERNMENT ENTITY or a GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL whose official duties include decisions to direct business to the respective other PARTY or the same PARTY or its affiliated companies or to supervise, or otherwise control or direct the actions of, GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS who are in a position to direct business to the respective other PARTY or the same PARTY or its affiliated companies, the PARTIES or the respective AFFILIATED PERSONS have to make sure, that conflicts of interest will be excluded and to inform the respective other PARTY without undue delay about the measures taken. d. the PARTIES shall assist and cooperate fully with the efforts of the respective other PARTY to comply with APPLICABLE LAWS. In particular, the PARTIES shall keep accurate books and records and PARTIES shall immediately notify the respective other PARTY of any information that bribes or other improper payments are being requested, made or offered in connection with this Agreement. Upon request of a PARTY, the respective other PARTY shall make those records which are necessary for PARTIES to verify the respective other PARTY's compliance with the APPLICABLE LAWS relating to this Agreement available to a sworn auditor who is obligated to observe secrecy and selected by the respective other PARTY. If such auditor notices any failure by a PARTY to comply with the APPLICABLE LAWS, such PARTY agrees that the auditor may disclose information relating to its failure to the respective other PARTY and, to the extent required by a legal demand by a competent court of law or government body, to third parties. 8.2 In no event will any Party be obligated to another Party under or in connection with this Agreement to act or refrain from acting if such Party believes that such act or omission would cause such Party to be in violation of APPLICABLE LAWS. In no event will any Party be liable to another Party for any act or omission which such Party believes is necessary to comply with APPLICABLE LAWS. 8.3 If a PARTY or any of their AFFILIATED PERSONS breaches any of the representations, warranties or covenants in this Clause each of which is deemed to be material and continuously made throughout the term of this Agreement, then, in addition to any other rights, the respective other PARTY may have under this Agreement: a. the respective other PARTY may declare a forfeit of any unpaid amounts owing to the breaching PARTY and will be entitled to repayment of any amounts paid or credited to the breaching PARTY, in each case, which are prohibited by APPLICABLE LAWS; and b. the respective other PARTY may immediately terminate this Agreement; and c. the breaching PARTY shall, upon first written request by the respective other PARTY, indemnify and hold harmless the respective other PARTY in regard to any and all cost and claims brought forward against the respective other PARTY arising out of any failure of the breaching PARTY to comply with its representations, warranties and covenants of this Clause. 8.4 For purposes of this Clause, the following terms have the meanings set forth below: a. "APPLICABLE LAWS"" means the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and German anti-corruption laws, without regard to their jurisdictional limitations, U.S. and German export control laws to the extent applicable the goods and or information which are subject of this Agreement, and all other laws, regulations, rules, orders, decrees or other directives carrying the force of law applicable to any activities engaged in by the PARTIES or any of their AFFILIATED PERSONS in connection with this Agreement, in each case as the same may be amended from time to time; b. "AFFILIATED PERSONS" means the PARTIES' officers, directors, employees, or agents, or any of their stockholders, principals or owners acting on its behalf or in its interests; c. "GOVERNMENT ENTITY" means a government or any department, agency or instrumentality thereof (including any company or other entity controlled by a government), a political party or a public international organization; and d. "GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL" means any officeholder, employee or other official (including any immediate family member thereof) of a GOVERNMENT ENTITY, any person acting in an official capacity for a GOVERNMENT ENTITY or any candidate for political office. 9 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION RESPONSIBILITIES. 9.1 Proprietary Rights: Notices. Upon request of LICENSOR, LICENSEE shall provide appropriate notices of patents, or other similar notice of the patent rights of the other party on the Light Valve Control Units utilizing the patented inventions of LICENSOR or SCSC if the foregoing actions are required under applicable law. 9.2 LICENSOR Exclusive Owner. LICENSEE hereby acknowledges LICENSOR and SCSC as purporting to be the sole and exclusive owners of the patents and patent applications listed on Schedule A, and that, except for the rights granted hereunder, LICENSEE shall not have any rights or attempt to assert any ownership rights in and to those patents and patent applications. 10 TERM AND TERMINATION. 10. 1 Term. The Agreement becomes effective with the signature of the last undersigning contract partner and ends with the expiration of the last patent being subject of this Agreement in Schedule A (the "Term"). 10.2 Termination by LICENSEE. If LICENSEE is no longer using any Intellectual Property in its vehicles, LICENSEE may terminate this Agreement at any time via certified letter upon at least six month prior to its termination. In case of termination of the Agreement prior to the expiration of the Term, LICENSEE will pay the Minimum Royalties due under section 3.2 hereof for that current calendar year plus the further Minimum Royalties being due under section 3.2 hereof for the following calendar year. If the Agreement will be terminated by LICENSEE on or before December 31, 2013, LICENSEE pays the first fee, the second fee and the Minimum Royalties for 2012 and 2013 due under section 3.2 hereof. Regardless of the termination of this Agreement by LICENSEE or LICENSOR and for the avoidance of doubt LICENSOR grants a license to the LICENSEE with respect to the spare parts to be manufactured, distributed and sold by LICENSEE until the end of the lifecycle of vehicles assembled with LVCUs. The according royalty for each such spare part will amount to [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission]. 10.3 Termination by LICENSOR. LICENSOR may terminate this Agreement at any time upon at least 30 days' notice to LICENSEE if LICENSEE is more than six months overdue on any payment and LICENSEE did not cure such default within thirty (30) days after two written notices thereof with a gap of four weeks sent from LICENSOR to LICENSEE. 10.4 Effect of Termination. If this Agreement expires or is terminated for any reason whatsoever, in addition to any other remedies which one party may have against the other, all of LICENSEE's, and its subsidiaries' and supplier's rights and licenses under this Agreement shall cease other than LICENCEE's right to make, have made, distribute and sell spare parts as aforesaid. Notwithstanding the foregoing, LICENSEE's obligations to LICENSOR under Sections 3.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.2, 10.4, and Articles 8, 12, 13 and 14 shall survive any termination or expiration of this Agreement. 11 SECTION 11 - INTENTIONALLY OMITTED 12 CONFIDENTIALITY. Each Party undertakes to treat as confidential all technical and economic information, especially intentions, experience or findings and schemes to which it is given access by the respective other Party during the duration of this Agreement, or which it receives from the latter, for five (5) full years following the date of expiry of the Term and not to disclose them to third parties or use them for commercial purposes unless agreed otherwise in writing between the Party. This confidentiality obligation does not apply to information and documents which a) were, demonstrably, already known to the receiving Party prior to the start of this co-operation; b) the receiving Party has, demonstrably, lawfully received from third parties; c) are generally known or subsequently become generally known without violation of the obligations contained in this Agreement; d) the receiving Party demonstrably has developed within the framework of its own independent developments; or e) is required to be disclosed by a party by law, regulatory authority or pursuant to judicial order. The Parties undertake to impose the same obligations as taken on by the Parties above on their employees and/or sub-contractors who obtain knowledge of such information and technical and economic facts and experience, also for the period following their resignation, insofar as it is legally possible for them to do so. The Parties shall apply the same care to secrecy as they adopt for the handling of their own confidential information. The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall not be considered confidential except that LICENSEE may not disclose the minimum annual royalty payments specified in Article 3 or the [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] without LICENSOR's prior written consent, and the parties hereto acknowledge that, pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder, LICENSOR may file copies of this Agreement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and with NASDAQ and with any other stock exchange on which LICENSOR's securities may be listed. 13 WARRANTIES AND REPRESENTATIONS. 13.1 Reciprocal Representations. Each party represents and warrants to the other that: 13.1.1 Valid Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the officer or representative so doing, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action by LICENSOR and LICENSEE and this Agreement is a valid and binding obligation enforceable against the parties in accordance with its terms, except to the extent limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium and other laws of general application relating to general equitable principles; 13.1.2 No Conflicts. Nothing herein conflicts with its rights and obligations pursuant to any agreement by a party and any other entity; and 13.1.3 Publicity. The parties shall have the right to use non-confidential information, including but not limited to information concerning this Agreement, for investor relations and regulatory disclosure purposes. For marketing, sales and public relation purposes, the Parties may refer to the respective other Party by (i) disclosing the respective other Party's company name and (ii) disclosing the information about a license agreement being concluded between the Parties and (iii) informing about the Transportation Vehicles incorporating, inter alia, LICENSOR's or SCSC's technology. The Parties have to refrain from any advertising that exploits the reputation of the respective other Party's brand for the sake of the Party's own business that would be considered "anlehnende Werbung" under German law. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, the Parties consent to the respective other Party's use of trademarks as may be necessary for the purpose of describing a product or describing whether a Party's technology is used in another Party's product. Each party shall have the right, but not the obligation, to approve any use by the other party of the first party's name, logo, or other information about Light Valves or Light Valve Transportation Vehicle Window Products, and to require the correction of any inaccurate information. 13.2 LICENSOR and SCSC Representations. LICENSOR and SCSC each represents and warrants, for the benefit of LICENSEE, that: 13.2.1 Title. As of the date hereof, LICENSOR and SCSC each represents and warrants that it has the right to convey the rights and licenses granted by this Agreement, and otherwise to perform its obligations under this Agreement. LICENSOR and SCSC has each caused its employees who are employed to do research, development, or other inventive work to disclose to it any invention or information within the scope of this Agreement and to assign to it rights in such inventions and information in order that LICENSEE shall receive, by virtue of this Agreement, the licenses granted to it under Section 2.1 hereof. 13.2.2 Infringement. As of the date hereof, neither LICENSOR nor SCSC is aware of any claim for patent infringement or the misappropriation of trade secrets, being asserted against it by any third party; or of any infringement of the patents listed on Schedule A hereto by any entity. 13.2.3 Patents in Force. To the best of LICENSOR's and SCSC's knowledge with respect to their own intellectual property, all of the patents listed on Schedule A hereto are currently in force. LICENSOR assumes no obligation for the future costs for the maintenance of the intellectual property rights listed in Schedule A and shall not be obligated to maintain such intellectual property rights. 13.3 No Warranty. LICENSOR, SCSC and LICENSEE make no guaranty or warranty to one another under this Agreement (a) that LICENSEE will be able to develop, manufacture, sell or otherwise commercialize Light Valve Control Units, or (b) as to the validity of any patent. 14 MISCELLANEOUS. 14.1 Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of Switzerland. Any dispute, controversies or differences which may arise out of or in connection with the interpretation or performance of this Agreement that cannot be resolved by mutually amicable arrangement between the parties hereto shall be finally settled according the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce by one or more arbitrators appointed in accordance with the said Rules. The number of arbitrators shall be three. The Chairman shall be of juridical education. The place of arbitration shall be London, UK. The language to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English. 14.2 Confidentiality In Court Proceeding. In order to protect and preserve the confidential information of a party which the parties recognize may be exchanged pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, the disclosing party may request, and the receiving party shall not oppose, the court in any action relating to this Agreement to enter a protective order to protect information which is confidential information under Section 12 and to seal the record in the action or to hold the proceedings, or portion of the proceedings, in camera; provided, that the requested terms do not prejudice the receiving party's interests. Nothing, however, shall preclude either party from thereafter moving to unseal its own records or to have matter and information designated as confidential under any relevant protective order designated otherwise in accordance with the circumstances as they shall appear at that time. 14.3 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is declared or found to be illegal, unenforceable or void, the parties shall negotiate in good faith to agree upon a substitute provision that is legal and enforceable and is as nearly as possible consistent with the intentions underlying the original provision. If the remainder of this Agreement is not materially affected by such declaration or finding and is capable of substantial performance, then the remainder shall be enforced to the extent permitted by law. 14.4 Waiver. Unless agreed to by the parties in writing to the contrary, the failure of either party to insist in any one or more instances upon the strict performance of any one or more of the provisions of this Agreement, or to exercise any right contained in this Agreement or provided by law, shall not constitute or be construed as a waiver or relinquishment of the performance of such provision or right or the right subsequently to demand such strict performance or exercise of such right, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall continue unchanged and remain in full force and effect. 14.5 Captions. The captions a nd headings in this Agreement are inserted for convenience and reference only and in no way define or limit the scope or content of this Agreement and shall not affect the interpretation of its provisions. 14.6 Assignment. This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and assigns. LICENSOR or SCSC may assign all of its rights and obligations hereunder to any successor to any of its business interests or to any company controlling or controlled by LICENSOR. All assignees shall expressly assume in writing the performance of all the terms and conditions of this Agreement to be performed by the assigning party, and an originally signed instrument of such assumption and assignment shall be delivered to the non-assigning party within 30 days of the execution of such instrument. 14.7 Schedules. All Schedules attached to this Agreement shall be deemed to be a part of this Agreement as if set forth fully in this Agreement. 14.8 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding and agreement between LICENSOR, SCSC and LICENSEE with respect to the subject matter hereof, supersedes all prior agreements, proposals, understandings, letters of intent, negotiations and discussions with respect to the subject matter hereof and can be modified, amended, supplemented or changed only by an agreement in writing which makes specific reference to this Agreement and which is executed in writing by the parties; provided, however, that either party may unilaterally waive in writing any provision imposing an obligation on the other. 14.9 Notices. Any notice required or permitted to be given or made in this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given on the earliest of (i) actual receipt, irrespective of method of delivery, (ii) on the delivery day following dispatch if sent by express mail (or similar next day courier service), or (iii) on the sixth day after mailing by registered or certified air mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid and addressed as follows: LICENSOR: Joseph M. Harary, President and CEO Research Frontiers Incorporated 240 Crossways Park Drive Woodbury, New York 11797-2033 USA Facsimile: (516) 364-3798 Telephone: (516) 364-1902 SCSC: Mr. John Petraglia, CEO SPD Control Systems Corporation CEWIT/SBU R&D Park 1500 Stony Brook Road Stony Brook, New York 11794-6040 Facsimile: (631) 776-8501 Telephone: (631) 776-8500 LICENSEE: [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] or to such substitute addresses and persons as a party may designate to the other from time to time by written notice in accordance with this provision. 14.10 Bankruptcy Code. In the event that any party hereto should file a petition under the national bankruptcy laws, or that an involuntary petition shall be filed against such party, the parties intend that the non-filing party shall be protected in the continued enjoyment of its rights hereunder to the maximum feasible extent. Each party agrees that it will give the other parties immediate notice of the filing of any voluntary or involuntary petition under the federal bankruptcy laws. 14.11 Construction. This Agreement and the exhibits hereto have been drafted jointly by the parties and in the event of any ambiguities in the language hereof, there shall no be inference drawn in favor or against either party. 14.12 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. 14.13 Status of the Parties. The status of the parties under this Agreement shall be solely that of independent contractors. No party shall have the right to enter into any agreements on behalf of the other party nor shall it represent to any person that it has such right or authority. The parties, through their duly authorized representatives, and intending to be legally bound, have executed this Agreement, as of the date and year first above written, whereupon it became effective in accordance with its terms. RESEARCH FRONTIERS INCORPORATED By:____________________________________ Joseph M. Harary, President Date: December 22, 2010 SPD CONTROL SYSTEMS CORPORATION By:____________________________________ John Petraglia, CEO Date: December 22, 2010 DAIMLER AG By:______________________________ By:______________________________ Date: December 22, 2010 Schedule A (As of the Effective Date) Research Frontiers Intellectual Property: LIST OF UNITED STATES, INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS Date Expiration Patents in the United States Issued Date 6,804,040 Albert P. Malvino, et al "Method and Device for Controlling Voltage Provided to a Suspended Particle Device" 10/12/04 02/13/23 6,897,997 Albert P. Malvino "Method and Device for Controlling Voltage Provided to a Suspended Particle Device" 05/24/05 02/13/23 (continuation-in-part of 6,804,040) 7,417,785 Albert P. Malvino "Methods and Circuits for Distributing Powerto SPD Loads" 08/26/08 01/18/25 PENDING UNITED STATES APPLICATIONS Serial Number Filing Date [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] PENDING INTERNATIONAL APPLICATIONS Serial Number Filing Date [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission] SCSC Intellectual Property LIST OF UNITED STATES, INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS ASSIGNED TO SPD CONTROL SYSTEMS CORPORATION Date Expiration Patents in the United States Issued Date 7,800,812 Jay Moskowitz 08/11/10 09/23/26 "Intelligent SPD control apparatus with scalable networking capabilities for window and multimedia applications" Abstract: A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device, a small number of SPD devices or thousands of such SPD devices installed in windows in automobiles, aircraft, trains, marine vehicles, residential homes, commercial buildings and skyscrapers. A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device or thousands of such SPD devices in the presentation of a multi-media special effects display. Textual messages, graphical images and simulated motion effects are driven. Such scalable apparatus being capable of driving and using several operational parameters of SPD materials such as frequency range, AC voltage and temperature so as to provide fine control of SPD characteristics such as switching speed and power consumption. PENDING UNITED STATES APPLICATIONS [Confidential Information Omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission]