10-K 1 a11-31870_110k.htm 10-K

Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

Form 10-K

 

x      ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011

 

OR

 

o         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                    to                  

 

Commission file number 0-10537

 

OLD SECOND BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

36-3143493

(State of Incorporation)

 

(IRS Employer Identification Number)

 

37 South River Street, Aurora, Illinois 60507

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

(630) 892-0202

(Registrant’s telephone number, including Area Code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $1.00 par value

 

The Nasdaq Stock Market

Preferred Securities of Old Second Capital Trust I

 

The Nasdaq Stock Market

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Preferred Share Purchase Rights

(Title of Class)

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by Reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Smaller reporting company x

(Do not check if smaller reporting company)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes o No x

 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, on June 30, 2011, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $12.3 million.  The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, was 14,084,328 at March 12, 2012.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

OLD SECOND BANCORP, INC.

Form 10-K

INDEX

 

PART I

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1

Business

 

 

 

 

Item 1A

Risk Factors

 

 

 

 

Item 1B

Unresolved Staff Comments

 

 

 

 

Item 2

Properties

 

 

 

 

Item 3

Legal Proceedings

 

 

 

 

Item 4

Mine Safety Disclosures

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

 

 

 

Item 5

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

 

 

 

Item 6

Selected Financial Data

 

 

 

 

Item 7

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

 

 

Item 7A

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

 

 

 

Item 8

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

 

 

 

Item 9

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

 

 

 

Item 9A

Controls and Procedures

 

 

 

 

Item 9B

Other Information

 

 

 

 

PART III

 

 

 

 

 

Item 10

Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance

 

 

 

 

Item 11

Executive Compensation

 

 

 

 

Item 12

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

 

 

 

Item 13

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

 

 

 

Item 14

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

 

 

 

PART IV

 

 

 

 

 

Item 15

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

 

 

 

Signatures

 

 

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PART I

 

Item 1.  Business

 

General

 

Old Second Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company” or the “Registrant”) was organized under the laws of Delaware on September 8, 1981.  It is a registered bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the “BHCA”).  The Company’s office is located at 37 South River Street, Aurora, Illinois 60507.

 

The Company conducts a full service community banking and trust business through its wholly owned subsidiaries, which are together referred to as the “Company”:

 

·                  Old Second National Bank (the “Bank”).

·                  Old Second Capital Trust I, which was formed for the exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities in an offering that was completed in July 2003.

·                  Old Second Capital Trust II, which was formed for the exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities in an offering that was completed in April 2007.

·                  Old Second Affordable Housing Fund, L.L.C., which was formed for the purpose of providing down payment assistance for home ownership to qualified individuals.

·                  Station I, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Old Second National Bank, which was formed in August 2008 to hold property acquired by the Bank through foreclosure or in the ordinary course of collecting a debt previously contracted.

·                  Station II, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Old Second National Bank, which was formed in August 2008 but not activated until February 2010, to hold additional property acquired by the Bank through foreclosure or in the ordinary course of collecting a debt previously contracted with a borrower.

·                  Station III, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Old Second National Bank, which was formed in February 2011 but not activated until January 2012, to hold additional property acquired by the Bank through foreclosure or in the ordinary course of collecting a debt previously contracted with a borrower.

·                  Station IV, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Old Second National Bank, which was formed in February 2011 but not yet activated, to hold additional property acquired by the Bank through foreclosure or in the ordinary course of collecting a debt previously contracted with a borrower.

·                  River Street Advisors, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Old Second National Bank, which was formed in May 2010 to provide investment advisory/management services.

 

Inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.  The Company provided financial services through its 27 banking locations that are located throughout the Chicago metropolitan area.  These locations included retail offices located in Cook, Kane, Kendall, DeKalb, DuPage, LaSalle, and Will counties in Illinois as of December 31, 2011.  The Company expanded its franchise into Cook County and the traditionally higher growth markets of the south Chicago suburbs by adding additional retail locations through acquisition in February 2008.

 

Business of the Company and its Subsidiaries

 

The Bank’s full service banking businesses includes the customary consumer and commercial products and services that banks provide including demand, NOW, money market, savings, time deposit, individual retirement and Keogh deposit accounts; commercial, industrial, consumer and real estate lending, including installment loans, student loans, agricultural loans, lines of credit and overdraft checking; safe deposit operations; trust services; wealth management services, and an extensive variety of additional services tailored to the needs of individual customers, such as the acquisition of U.S. Treasury notes and bonds, the sale of traveler’s checks, money orders, cashier’s checks and foreign currency, direct deposit, discount brokerage, debit cards, credit cards, and other special services. The Bank also offers a full complement of electronic banking services such as Internet banking and corporate cash management products including remote deposit capture, investment sweep accounts, zero balance accounts, automated tax payments, ATM access, telephone banking,

 

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lockbox, automated clearing house transactions, account reconciliation, controlled disbursement, detail and general information reporting, wire transfers, vault services for currency and coin, and checking accounts.  Commercial and consumer loans are made to corporations, partnerships and individuals, primarily on a secured basis.  Commercial lending focuses on business, capital, construction, inventory and real estate lending.  Installment lending includes direct and indirect loans to consumers and commercial customers.  Additionally, the Bank provides a wide range of trust, investment, agency, and custodial services for individual, corporate, and not-for-profit clients.  These services include the administration of estates and personal trusts, as well as the management of investment accounts for individuals, employee benefit plans, and charitable foundations.  The Bank also originates residential mortgages, offering a wide range of products including conventional, government, and jumbo loans.  Secondary marketing of those mortgages is also handled at the Bank.

 

Operating segments are components of a business about which separate financial information is available and that are evaluated regularly by the Company’s management in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.  Public companies are required to report certain financial information about operating segments.  The Company’s management evaluates the operations of the Company as one operating segment, community banking.  As a result, disclosure of separate segment information is not required.  The Company offers the products and services described above to its external customers as part of its customary banking business.

 

Market Area

 

The Bank is the principal operating subsidiary of the Company.  The Bank’s primary market area is Aurora, Illinois, its surrounding communities as well as southwestern Cook County.  The city of Aurora is located in northeastern Illinois, approximately 40 miles west of Chicago.  Aurora is strategically situated on U.S. Interstate 88 and is centrally located near our banking offices in Kane, Kendall, DeKalb, DuPage, LaSalle, and Will counties in Illinois.  Based upon the most recent 2010 U.S. census estimates, these 6 counties together represent a market of more than 2.4 million people.  Likewise, the City of Aurora has a reported population of 197,889 residents per 2010 U.S. census data.  Aurora is the second largest city in the State of Illinois and is located primarily in Kane County but also areas of DuPage, Will and Kendall counties.  Aurora has also experienced heavy growth as its population increased approximately 38% from the 2000 to 2010, according to U.S. census data.

 

Lending Activities

 

In 2009, the Company received an investment from the U.S. Department of Treasury (the “Treasury”) through the Capital Purchase Program.  While the Company remains committed to using these funds to enable the Bank to continue to make loans to qualified borrowers in its market area, management of capital and existing asset quality was emphasized over generating loan growth throughout 2011.  In addition, management intends to make future reductions to portfolio concentrations in real estate in keeping with the requirements of the Consent Order between the Bank and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”) as described in the “Supervision and Regulation” section and provided in Note 19 “Regulatory & Capital Matters” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  In 2011, the Bank originated approximately $304.3 million in loans, which included residential mortgage loans of just over $226.0 million that were subsequently sold to investors.

 

General.  The Bank provides a broad range of commercial and retail lending services to corporations, partnerships, individuals and government agencies.  The Bank actively markets its services to qualified borrowers.  Lending officers actively solicit the business of new borrowers entering our market areas as well as long-standing members of the local business community.  The Bank has established lending policies that include a number of underwriting factors to be considered in making a loan, including location, amortization, loan to value ratio, cash flow, pricing, documentation and the credit history of the borrower.  The Bank’s loan portfolios are comprised primarily of loans in the areas of commercial real estate, residential real estate, construction, general commercial and consumer lending.  As of December 31, 2011, residential mortgages made up approximately 35% of its loan portfolio, commercial real estate loans comprised approximately 51%,

 

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construction lending comprised approximately 5%, general commercial loans comprised approximately 8%, and consumer and other lending comprised slightly over 1%.  It is the Bank’s policy to comply at all times with the various consumer protection laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Community Reinvestment Act, the Truth in Lending Act, and the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act.  The Bank does not discriminate in application procedures, loan availability, pricing, structure, or terms on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, familial status, handicap, age (provided the applicant has the legal capacity to enter into a binding contract), whether income is derived from public assistance, whether a borrower resides, or his property is located, in a low- or moderate-income area, or whether a right was exercised under the Consumer Credit Protection Act. The Bank strives to offer all of its credit services throughout its market area, including low- and moderate-income areas.

 

Commercial Loans.  As noted above, the Bank is an active commercial lender, primarily located west and south of the Chicago metropolitan area and but also active in other parts of the metropolitan area.  The areas of emphasis include loans to wholesalers, manufacturers, business services companies, professionals, and retailers.  The Bank provides a wide range of business loans, including lines of credit for working capital and operational purposes and term loans for the acquisition of equipment and other purposes.  Collateral for these loans generally includes accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and real estate.  In addition, the Bank may take personal guarantees to help assure repayment.  Loans may be made on an unsecured basis if warranted by the overall financial condition of the borrower.  Commercial lines of credit are generally for one year and have floating rates.  Commercial term loans range principally from one to eight years with the majority falling in the one to five year range.  Interest rates are primarily fixed although some have interest rates that change based on the Prime Rate or LIBOR.  There was relatively no change in the percentage of the portfolio attributed to commercial loans in 2011.  While management would like to continue to diversify the loan portfolio, overall demand for working capital and equipment financing continued to be muted in our primary market area in 2011.  Repayment of commercial loans is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the operations of the commercial enterprise.  The Bank’s underwriting procedures identify the sources of those cash flows and seek to match the repayment terms of the commercial loans to the sources.  Secondary repayment sources are typically found in collateralization and guarantor support.

 

Commercial Real Estate Loans.  While management has been actively working to reduce the Bank’s concentrations in real estate loans, including commercial real estate loans, a large portion of the loan portfolio continues to be comprised of commercial real estate loans.  As of December 31, 2011, approximately $340.1 million, or 48.3%, of the total commercial real estate loan portfolio of $704.5 million was to owner occupied borrowers.  A primary repayment risk for a commercial real estate loan is interruption or discontinuance of cash flows from operations.  Such cash flows are usually derived from rent in the case of nonowner occupied commercial properties, and repayment could also be influenced by economic events, which may or may not be under the control of the borrower, or changes in governmental regulations that negatively impact the future cash flow and market values of the affected properties.  With the exception of owner-occupied, multi-family apartments and select investor properties (including medical related) the Bank is not focused on initiating new commercial real estate loans at this time.  Repayment risk can also arise from general downward shifts in the valuations of classes of properties over a given geographic area such as the price adjustments that have been observed by the Company beginning in 2008.  Property valuations could continue to be affected by changes in demand and other economic factors, which could further influence cash flows associated with the borrower and/or the property.  The Bank attempts to mitigate these risks through staying apprised of market conditions and by maintaining underwriting practices that provide for adequate cash flow margins and multiple repayment sources as well as remaining in regular contact with the borrowers.  In most cases, the Bank has collateralized these loans and/or has taken personal guarantees to help assure repayment.  Commercial real estate loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flow of the borrower and/or the property at origination and secondarily on the underlying real estate acting as collateral.  Additional credit support is provided by the borrower for most of these loans and the probability of repayment is based on the liquidation of the real estate and enforcement of a personal guarantee, if any exists.

 

Construction Loans.  The Bank is not actively seeking construction loans at this time, with the exception of existing borrows whose businesses are expanding.  Construction lending is very limited in the

 

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current economic environment, as such loans in this category decreased from $129.6 million at December 31, 2010 to $71.4 million at December 31, 2011.  The Bank uses underwriting and construction loan guidelines for financing where reputable contractors are involved.  Construction loans are structured most often to be converted to permanent loans at the end of the construction phase or, infrequently, to be paid off upon receiving financing from another financial institution.  Construction loans are generally limited to our local market area and construction lending is typically based upon cost supplemented by information based on the appraised value of the property, as determined by an independent appraiser, and an analysis of the potential marketability and profitability of the project, and identification of a cash flow source to service the permanent loan, or verification of a refinancing source.  Construction loans generally have terms of up to 12 months, with extensions as needed.  The Bank disburses loan proceeds in increments as construction progresses and as inspections warrant.

 

Construction development loans involve additional risks and the Bank is not actively seeking any new development loans at this time because of the ongoing economic environment.  Development lending often involves the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment dependent, in part, on the success of the ultimate project rather than the ability of the borrower or guarantor to repay principal and interest.  This involves more risk than other lending because it is based on future estimates of value and economic circumstances.  While appraisals are required prior to funding, and advances are limited to the value determined by the appraisal, there is the possibility of an unforeseen event affecting the value and/or costs of the project.  Development loans are primarily used for single-family developments, where the sale of lots and houses are tied to customer preferences and interest rates.  If the borrower defaults prior to completion of the project, the Bank may be required to fund additional amounts so that another developer can complete the project.  The Bank is located in an area where a large amount of development activity has occurred as rural and semi-rural areas are being suburbanized.  This type of growth presents some economic risks should a sustained shift occur in the local demand for housing as has occurred in conjunction with recent economic conditions.  The Bank addresses these risks by closely monitoring local real estate activity, adhering to proper underwriting procedures, closely monitoring construction projects, and limiting the amount of construction development lending.

 

Activity in this sector slowed considerably with the downward economic trends in real estate and other markets that the Company and the U.S. economy have experienced since 2008.  Very few construction loans were made in 2010 and 2011 compared to prior years due to the unfavorable economic environment for new home sales.  With the current rates of unemployment and downward valuations in this and other real estate sectors, the Company anticipates that both demand and lending activity will continue to be flat in 2012.

 

Residential Real Estate Loans.  Residential first mortgage loans, second mortgages, and home equity line of credit mortgages are included in this category.  First mortgage loans may include fixed rate loans that are generally sold to investors.  The Bank is a direct seller to the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), several large financial institutions, and to other investors and periodically retains servicing rights for sold mortgages.  Management believes that selling of mortgage servicing can provide the Company with a relatively steady source of income.  The periodic retention of such servicing rights also allows the Bank an opportunity to have regular contact with mortgage customers and can help to solidify community involvement.  Other loans that are not sold include adjustable rate mortgages, lot loans, and constructions loans that are held in portfolio by the Bank.  Home equity lending has continued to slow in the past year but is still a significant portion of the Bank’s business.

 

Consumer Loans.  The Bank also provides many types of consumer loans including motor vehicle, home improvement, signature loans and small personal credit lines. Consumer loans typically have shorter terms and lower balances with higher yields as compared to other loans, but generally carry higher risks of default. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances.

 

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Competition

 

The market area is highly competitive and the Bank’s lines of business and activities require us to compete with many other companies.  A number of these financial institutions are affiliated with large bank holding companies headquartered outside of our principal market area as well as other institutions that are based in Aurora’s surrounding communities and in Chicago, Illinois.  All of these financial institutions operate banking offices in the greater Aurora area or actively compete for customers within the Company’s market area.  The Bank also faces competition from finance companies, insurance companies, credit unions, mortgage companies, securities brokerage firms, United States Government securities, money market funds, loan production offices and other providers of financial services.  Many of our non-bank competitors are not subject to the same extensive Federal regulations that govern bank holding companies and banks.  Such non-bank competitors may, as a result, have certain advantages over us in providing some services.

 

The Bank competes for loans principally through the range and quality of the client service and responsiveness to client needs that it provides, in addition to competing on interest rates and loan fees.  Management believes that its long-standing presence in the community and personal one-on-one service philosophy enhances its ability to compete favorably in attracting and retaining individual and business customers.  The Bank actively solicits deposit-related clients and competes for deposits by offering personal attention, competitive interest rates, and professional services made available through practiced bankers and multiple delivery channels that fit the needs of its market.

 

The Bank is subject to vigorous competition from other financial institutions in the market.  The Bank operated 27 branches in the seven counties of Kane, Kendall, LaSalle, Will, DeKalb, DuPage, and southwestern Cook County as of December 31, 2011.  As of June 30, 2011, the Bank was the deposit market leader in Kane and Kendall counties where it has a concentrated number of branches, where it faced competition from over 214 branches representing 43 different FDIC financial institutions per June 30, 2011 FDIC share of deposit data.  The Bank’s branches in the remaining counties face many of these same competitors as well as competition from other non-FDIC insured credit unions and financial service firms.  Competition for residential mortgage lending also includes a number of mortgage brokerage operations as well as traditional banks, thrifts and credit unions.  The Bank’s wealth management division includes traditional trust services as well as investment advisory, brokerage, and employee benefit administration services.  This diverse array of products and services allows us to compete against other larger banks as well as specialized brokerage companies.  The financial services industry is also likely to become more competitive as further technological advances enable more companies to provide financial services without having a physical presence in our market.  These technological advances may diminish the importance of depository institutions and other financial intermediaries in the transfer of funds between parties.

 

Employees

 

At December 31, 2011, the Company employed 492 full-time equivalent employees.  The Company places a high priority on staff development, which involves extensive training, including customer service training.  New employees are selected on the basis of both technical skills and customer service capabilities.  None of the Company’s employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with the Company.

 

Internet

 

The Company maintains a corporate web site at http://www.oldsecond.com.  The Company makes available free of charge on or through its web site the Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Many of the Company’s policies, committee charters and other investor information including our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, are available on the web site.  The Company will also provide copies of its filings free of charge upon

 

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written request to: J. Douglas Cheatham, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Old Second Bancorp, Inc., 37 South River Street, Aurora, Illinois 60507.

 

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SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

 

General

 

Financial institutions, their holding companies and their affiliates are extensively regulated under federal and state law.  As a result, the growth and earnings performance of the Company may be affected not only by management decisions and general economic conditions, but also by requirements of federal and state statutes and by the regulations and policies of various bank regulatory authorities, including the OCC, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) and the newly-created Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (the “Bureau”).  Furthermore, taxation laws administered by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities, accounting rules developed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) and securities laws administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and state securities authorities have an impact on the business of the Company.  The effect of these statutes, regulations, regulatory policies and accounting rules are significant to the operations and results of the Company and Bank, and the nature and extent of future legislative, regulatory or other changes affecting financial institutions are impossible to predict with any certainty.

 

Federal and state banking laws impose a comprehensive system of supervision, regulation and enforcement on the operations of financial institutions, their holding companies and affiliates that is intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC-insured deposits and depositors of banks, rather than shareholders.  These federal and state laws, and the regulations of the bank regulatory authorities issued under them, affect, among other things, the scope of business, the kinds and amounts of investments banks may make, reserve requirements, capital levels relative to operations, the nature and amount of collateral for loans, the establishment of branches, the ability to merge, consolidate and acquire, dealings with insiders and affiliates and the payment of dividends.  In addition, turmoil in the credit markets in recent years prompted the enactment of unprecedented legislation that has allowed the U.S. Treasury Department to make equity capital available to qualifying financial institutions to help restore confidence and stability in the U.S. financial markets, which imposes additional requirements on institutions in which the U.S. Treasury Department invests.

 

In addition, the Company and Bank are subject to regular examination by their respective regulatory authorities, which results in examination reports and ratings (that are not publicly available) that can impact the conduct and growth of business.  These examinations consider not only compliance with applicable laws and regulations, but also capital levels, asset quality and risk, management ability and performance, earnings, liquidity, and various other factors.  The regulatory agencies generally have broad discretion to impose restrictions and limitations on the operations of a regulated entity where the agencies determine, among other things, that such operations are unsafe or unsound, fail to comply with applicable law or are otherwise inconsistent with laws and regulations or with the supervisory policies of these agencies.

 

The following is a summary of the material elements of the supervisory and regulatory framework applicable to the Company and the Bank.  It does not describe all of the statutes, regulations and regulatory policies that apply, nor does it restate all of the requirements of those that are described.  The descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to the particular statutory or regulatory provision.

 

Financial Regulatory Reform

 

On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) into law.  The Dodd-Frank Act represents a sweeping reform of the supervisory and regulatory framework applicable to financial institutions and capital markets in the United States, certain aspects of which are described below in more detail.  The Dodd-Frank Act creates new federal governmental entities responsible for overseeing different aspects of the U.S. financial services industry, including identifying emerging systemic risks.  It also shifts certain authorities and responsibilities among federal financial institution regulators, including the supervision of holding company affiliates and the regulation of consumer financial services and products.  In particular, and among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act: creates a Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection authorized to regulate providers of consumer credit, savings, payment and other consumer financial products and services; narrows the scope of federal preemption of state consumer laws enjoyed by national banks and federal savings associations and expands the authority of

 

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state attorneys general to bring actions to enforce federal consumer protection legislation; imposes more stringent capital requirements on bank holding companies and subjects certain activities, including interstate mergers and acquisitions, to heightened capital conditions; significantly expands underwriting requirements applicable to loans secured by 1-4 family residential real property; restricts the interchange fees payable on debit card transactions for issuers with $10 billion in assets or greater; requires the originator of a securitized loan, or the sponsor of a securitization, to retain at least 5% of the credit risk of securitized exposures unless the underlying exposures are qualified residential mortgages or meet certain underwriting standards to be determined by regulation; creates a Financial Stability Oversight Council as part of a regulatory structure for identifying emerging systemic risks and improving interagency cooperation; provides for enhanced regulation of advisers to private funds and of the derivatives markets; enhances oversight of credit rating agencies; and prohibits banking agency requirements tied to credit ratings.

 

Numerous provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act are required to be implemented through rulemaking by the appropriate federal regulatory agencies.  Some of the required regulations have been issued and some have been released for public comment, but many have yet to be released in any form.  Furthermore, while the reforms primarily target systemically important financial service providers, their influence is expected to filter down in varying degrees to smaller institutions over time.  Management of the Company and Bank will continue to evaluate the effect of the changes; however, in many respects, the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act will not be fully known for years, and no current assurance may be given that the Dodd-Frank Act, or any other new legislative changes, will not have a negative impact on the results of operations and financial condition of the Company and the Bank.

 

The Increasing Importance of Capital

 

While capital has historically been one of the key measures of the financial health of both holding companies and depository institutions, its role is becoming fundamentally more important in the wake of the financial crisis.  Not only will capital requirements increase, but the type of instruments that constitute capital will also change, and, as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, after a phase-in period, bank holding companies will have to hold capital under rules as stringent as those for insured depository institutions.  Moreover, the actions of the international Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, a committee of central banks and bank supervisors, to reassess the nature and uses of capital in connection with an initiative called “Basel III,” discussed below, will have a significant impact on the capital requirements applicable to U.S. bank holding companies and depository institutions.

 

Required Capital Levels.  The Dodd-Frank Act mandates the Federal Reserve to establish minimum capital levels for bank holding companies on a consolidated basis that are as stringent as those required for insured depository institutions.  The components of Tier 1 capital will be restricted to capital instruments that are currently considered to be Tier 1 capital for insured depository institutions.  As a result, the proceeds of trust preferred securities will be excluded from Tier 1 capital unless such securities were issued prior to May 19, 2010 by bank holding companies with less than $15 billion of assets.  As the Company has assets of less than $15 billion, it will be able to maintain its trust preferred proceeds as capital but it will have to comply with new capital mandates in other respects, and it will not be able to raise Tier 1 capital in the future through the issuance of trust preferred securities.

 

Under current federal regulations, the Bank is subject to, and, after a phase-in period, the Company will be subject to, the following minimum capital standards: (i) a leverage requirement consisting of a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets of 3% for the most highly-rated banks with a minimum requirement of at least 4% for all others; and (ii) a risk-based capital requirement consisting of a minimum ratio of total capital to total risk-weighted assets of 8% and a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to total risk-weighted assets of 4%.  For this purpose, Tier 1 capital consists primarily of common stock, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus less intangible assets (other than certain loan servicing rights and purchased credit card relationships).  Total capital consists primarily of Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital, which includes other non-permanent capital items such as certain other debt and equity instruments that do not qualify as Tier 1 capital and a portion of the Bank’s allowance for loan and lease losses.

 

The capital requirements described above are minimum requirements.  Federal law and regulations provide various incentives for banking organizations to maintain regulatory capital at levels in excess of

 

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minimum regulatory requirements.  For example, a banking organization that is “well-capitalized” may qualify for exemptions from prior notice or application requirements otherwise applicable to certain types of activities, may qualify for expedited processing of other required notices or applications and may accept brokered deposits.  Additionally, one of the criteria that determines a bank holding company’s eligibility to operate as a financial holding company (see “—Acquisitions, Activities and Changes in Control” below) is a requirement that all of its depository institution subsidiaries be “well-capitalized.”  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, that requirement is extended such that, as of July 21, 2011, bank holding companies, as well as their depository institution subsidiaries, had to be well-capitalized in order to operate as financial holding companies.  Under the capital regulations of the Federal Reserve, in order to be “well-capitalized” a banking organization must maintain a ratio of total capital to total risk-weighted assets of 10% or greater, a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total risk-weighted assets of 6% or greater and a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets of 5% or greater.

 

Higher capital levels may also be required if warranted by the particular circumstances or risk profiles of individual banking organizations.  For example, the Federal Reserve’s capital guidelines contemplate that additional capital may be required to take adequate account of, among other things, interest rate risk, or the risks posed by concentrations of credit, nontraditional activities or securities trading activities.  Further, any banking organization experiencing or anticipating significant growth would be expected to maintain capital ratios, including tangible capital positions (i.e., Tier 1 capital less all intangible assets), well above the minimum levels.  See “—The Bank—Enforcement Actions” for a discussion regarding the heightened capital requirements that the Bank has agreed to maintain.

 

It is important to note that certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and Basel III, discussed below, will ultimately establish strengthened capital standards for banks and bank holding companies, will require more capital to be held in the form of common stock and will disallow certain funds from being included in a Tier 1 capital determination.  Once fully implemented, these provisions may represent regulatory capital requirements which are meaningfully more stringent than those outlined above.

 

Prompt Corrective Action.  A banking organization’s capital plays an important role in connection with regulatory enforcement as well.  Federal law provides the federal banking regulators with broad power to take prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized institutions.  The extent of the regulators’ powers depends on whether the institution in question is “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” or “critically undercapitalized,” in each case as defined by regulation.  Depending upon the capital category to which an institution is assigned, the regulators’ corrective powers include: (i) requiring the institution to submit a capital restoration plan; (ii) limiting the institution’s asset growth and restricting its activities; (iii) requiring the institution to issue additional capital stock (including additional voting stock) or to be acquired; (iv) restricting transactions between the institution and its affiliates; (v) restricting the interest rate the institution may pay on deposits; (vi) ordering a new election of directors of the institution; (vii) requiring that senior executive officers or directors be dismissed; (viii) prohibiting the institution from accepting deposits from correspondent banks; (ix) requiring the institution to divest certain subsidiaries; (x) prohibiting the payment of principal or interest on subordinated debt; and (xi) ultimately, appointing a receiver for the institution.

 

As of December 31, 2011, the Bank exceeded its minimum regulatory capital requirements under OCC capital adequacy guidelines.  However, as discussed under “— The Bank — Enforcement Actions,” the Bank has agreed with the OCC to maintain certain heightened regulatory capital ratios.  As of December 31, 2011, the Bank exceeded the heightened regulatory capital ratios to which it had agreed.  As of December 31, 2011, the Company had regulatory capital in excess of the Federal Reserve’s requirements and met the Dodd-Frank Act requirements.

 

Basel IIIThe current risk-based capital guidelines that apply to the Bank and will apply to the Company are based upon the 1988 capital accord of the international Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, a committee of central banks and bank supervisors, as implemented by the U.S. federal banking agencies on an interagency basis.  In 2008, the banking agencies collaboratively began to phase-in capital standards based on a second capital accord, referred to as “Basel II,” for large or “core” international banks (generally defined for U.S. purposes as having total assets of $250 billion or more or consolidated foreign exposures of $10 billion or more).  Basel II emphasized internal assessment of credit, market and operational risk, as well as supervisory assessment and market discipline in determining minimum capital requirements.

 

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On September 12, 2010, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, announced agreement to a strengthened set of capital requirements for banking organizations in the United States and around the world, known as Basel III.  The agreement is currently supported by the U.S. federal banking agencies.  As agreed to, Basel III is intended to be fully-phased in on a global basis on January 1, 2019.  Basel III would requires, among other things: (i) a new required ratio of minimum common equity equal to 7% of total assets (4.5% plus a capital conservation buffer of 2.5%); (ii) an increase in the minimum required amount of Tier 1 capital from the current level of 4% of total assets to 6% of total assets; (iii) an increase in the minimum required amount of total capital, from the current level of 8% to 10.5% (including 2.5% attributable to the capital conservation buffer).  The purpose of the conservation buffer (to be phased in from January 2016 until January 1, 2019) is to ensure that banks maintain a buffer of capital that can be used to absorb losses during periods of financial and economic stress.  There will also be a required countercyclical buffer to achieve the broader goal of protecting the banking sector from periods of excess aggregate credit growth.

 

Pursuant to Basel III, certain deductions and prudential filters, including minority interests in financial institutions, mortgage servicing rights and deferred tax assets from timing differences, would be deducted in increasing percentages beginning January 1, 2014, and would be fully deducted from common equity by January 1, 2018.  Certain instruments that no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital, such as trust preferred securities, also would be subject to phase-out over a 10-year period beginning January 1, 2013.

 

The Basel III agreement calls for national jurisdictions to implement the new requirements beginning January 1, 2013.  At that time, the U.S. federal banking agencies, including the Federal Reserve and OCC, will be expected to have implemented appropriate changes to incorporate the Basel III concepts into U.S. capital adequacy standards.

 

The Company

 

General.  The Company, as the sole shareholder of the Bank, is a bank holding company.  As a bank holding company, the Company is registered with, and is subject to regulation by, the Federal Reserve under the BHCA.  In accordance with Federal Reserve policy, and as now codified by the Dodd-Frank Act, the Company is legally obligated to act as a source of financial strength to the Bank and to commit resources to support the Bank in circumstances where the Company might not otherwise do so.  Under the BHCA, the Company is subject to periodic examination by the Federal Reserve.  The Company is required to file with the Federal Reserve periodic reports of the Company’s operations and such additional information regarding the Company and its subsidiaries as the Federal Reserve may require.

 

In July 2011, the Company entered into a written agreement (the “Written Agreement”) with the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago (the “Reserve Bank”) designed to maintain the financial soundness of the Company.  Key provisions of the Written Agreement include restrictions on the Company’s payment of dividends on its capital stock, restrictions on its taking of dividends or other payments from the Bank that reduce the Bank’s capital, restrictions on subordinated debenture and trust preferred security distributions, restrictions on incurring additional debt or repurchasing stock, capital planning provisions, requirements to submit cash flow projections to the Reserve Bank, requirements to comply with certain notice provisions pertaining to changes in directors or senior management, requirements to comply with regulatory restrictions on indemnification and severance payments, and requirements to submit certain reports to the Reserve Bank.  The Written Agreement also calls for the Company to serve as a source of strength for the Bank, including ensuring that the Bank complies with the OCC Consent Order, as described below.

 

Acquisitions, Activities and Change in ControlThe primary purpose of a bank holding company is to control and manage banks.  The BHCA generally requires the prior approval of the Federal Reserve for any merger involving a bank holding company or any acquisition by a bank holding company of another bank or bank holding company.  Subject to certain conditions (including deposit concentration limits established by the BHCA and the Dodd-Frank Act), the Federal Reserve may allow a bank holding company to acquire banks located in any state of the United States.  In approving interstate acquisitions, the Federal Reserve is required to give effect to applicable state law limitations on the aggregate amount of deposits that may be held by the acquiring bank holding company and its insured depository institution affiliates in the state in which the target

 

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bank is located (provided that those limits do not discriminate against out-of-state depository institutions or their holding companies) and state laws that require that the target bank have been in existence for a minimum period of time (not to exceed five years) before being acquired by an out-of-state bank holding company.  Furthermore, in accordance with the Dodd-Frank Act, as of July 21, 2011, bank holding companies must be well-capitalized in order to effect interstate mergers or acquisitions.  For a discussion of the capital requirements, see “—The Increasing Importance of Capital” above.

 

The BHCA generally prohibits the Company from acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company that is not a bank and from engaging in any business other than that of banking, managing and controlling banks or furnishing services to banks and their subsidiaries.  This general prohibition is subject to a number of exceptions.  The principal exception allows bank holding companies to engage in, and to own shares of companies engaged in, certain businesses found by the Federal Reserve prior to November 11, 1999 to be “so closely related to banking ... as to be a proper incident thereto.”  This authority would permit the Company to engage in a variety of banking-related businesses, including the ownership and operation of a savings association, or any entity engaged in consumer finance, equipment leasing, the operation of a computer service bureau (including software development), and mortgage banking and brokerage.  The BHCA generally does not place territorial restrictions on the domestic activities of non-bank subsidiaries of bank holding companies.

 

Additionally, bank holding companies that meet certain eligibility requirements prescribed by the BHCA and elect to operate as financial holding companies may engage in, or own shares in companies engaged in, a wider range of nonbanking activities, including securities and insurance underwriting and sales, merchant banking and any other activity that the Federal Reserve, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines by regulation or order is financial in nature or incidental to any such financial activity or that the Federal Reserve determines by order to be complementary to any such financial activity and does not pose a substantial risk to the safety or soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally.  The Company is not operating as a financial holding company.

 

Federal law also prohibits any person or company from acquiring “control” of an FDIC-insured depository institution or its holding company without prior notice to the appropriate federal bank regulator.  “Control” is conclusively presumed to exist upon the acquisition of 25% or more of the outstanding voting securities of a bank or bank holding company, but may arise under certain circumstances between 10% and 24.99% ownership.

 

Capital Requirements.  Bank holding companies are required to maintain minimum levels of capital in accordance with Federal Reserve capital adequacy guidelines, as affected by the Dodd-Frank Act and Basel III.  For a discussion of capital requirements, see “—The Increasing Importance of Capital” above.

 

Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008.  Events in the U.S. and global financial markets over the past several years, including deterioration of the worldwide credit markets, have created significant challenges for financial institutions throughout the country.  In response to this crisis affecting the U.S. banking system and financial markets, on October 3, 2008, the U.S. Congress passed, and the President signed into law, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”).  The EESA authorized the Treasury to implement various temporary emergency programs designed to strengthen the capital positions of financial institutions and stimulate the availability of credit within the U.S. financial system.  Financial institutions participating in certain of the programs established under the EESA are required to adopt Treasury’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governance.

 

The TARP Capital Purchase ProgramOn October 14, 2008, Treasury announced that it would provide Tier 1 capital (in the form of perpetual preferred stock) to eligible financial institutions.  This program, known as the TARP Capital Purchase Program (the “CPP”), allocated $250 billion from the $700 billion authorized by the EESA to Treasury for the purchase of senior preferred shares from qualifying financial institutions (the “CPP Preferred Stock”).  Under the program, eligible institutions were able to sell equity interests to the Treasury in amounts equal to between 1% and 3% of the institution’s risk-weighted assets.  The CPP Preferred Stock is non-voting and pays dividends at the rate of 5% per annum for the first five years and thereafter at a rate of 9% per annum.  In conjunction with the purchase of the CPP Preferred Stock, the Treasury received warrants to purchase common stock from the participating public institutions with an

 

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aggregate market price equal to 15% of the preferred stock investment.  Participating financial institutions were required to adopt Treasury’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governance for the period during which Treasury holds equity issued under the CPP.  These requirements are discussed in more detail in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section in the Company’s proxy statement, which is incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K.

 

Pursuant to the CPP, on January 16, 2009, the Company entered into a Letter Agreement with Treasury, pursuant to which the Company issued (i) 73,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B and (ii) a warrant to purchase 815,339 shares of the Company’s common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $73.0 million in cash.  The Company’s federal regulators, as well as the Treasury’s Office of the Inspector General, maintain significant oversight over the Company as a participating institution, to evaluate how it is using the capital provided and to ensure that it strengthens its efforts to help its borrowers avoid foreclosure, which is one of the core aspects of the EESA.

 

Dividends.  The Company’s ability to pay dividends to its shareholders may be affected by both general corporate law considerations and policies of the Federal Reserve applicable to bank holding companies.  As a Delaware corporation, the Company is subject to the limitations of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”).  The DGCL allows the Company to pay dividends only out of its surplus (as defined and computed in accordance with the provisions of the DGCL) or, if the Company has no such surplus, out of its net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year.  Consistent with the “source of strength” policy for subsidiary banks, the Federal Reserve has stated that, as a matter of prudent banking, a bank holding company generally should not maintain a rate of cash dividends unless its net income available to common shareholders has been sufficient to fully fund the dividends and the prospective rate of earnings retention appears to be consistent with the corporation’s capital needs, asset quality, and overall financial condition.  The Federal Reserve also possesses enforcement powers over bank holding companies and their non-bank subsidiaries to prevent or remedy actions that represent unsafe or unsound practices or violations of applicable statutes and regulations.  Among these powers is the ability to proscribe the payment of dividends by banks and bank holding companies.  Given recent developments concerning the Bank described further below, through the Written Agreement, the Federal Reserve has restricted the payment of dividends without its expression of no supervisory objection.

 

Furthermore, the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock is restricted by the terms of certain of its other securities.  For example, under the terms of certain of the Company’s junior subordinated debentures, it may not pay dividends on its capital stock unless all accrued and unpaid interest payments on the subordinated debentures have been fully paid.  Additionally, the terms of the CPP Preferred Stock provide that no dividends on any common or preferred stock that ranks equal to or junior to the CPP Preferred Stock may be paid unless and until all accrued and unpaid dividends for all past dividend periods on the CPP Preferred Stock have been fully paid.  On August 31, 2010, the Company announced that it had elected to begin deferring the interest payments due on the junior subordinated debentures described above, as well as the dividend payments due on the CPP Preferred Stock, and therefore may not pay common stock dividends until such time as these deferred payments have been made in full.

 

Federal Securities RegulationThe Company’s common stock is registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).  Consequently, the Company is subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading and other restrictions and requirements of the SEC under the Exchange Act.

 

Corporate Governance.  The Dodd-Frank Act addresses many investor protection, corporate governance and executive compensation matters that will affect most U.S. publicly traded companies.  The Dodd-Frank Act will increase stockholder influence over boards of directors by requiring companies to give stockholders a non-binding vote on executive compensation and so-called “golden parachute” payments, and authorizing the SEC to promulgate rules that would allow stockholders to nominate and solicit voters for their own candidates using a company’s proxy materials.  The legislation also directs the Federal Reserve to promulgate rules prohibiting excessive compensation paid to bank holding company executives, regardless of whether the Company is publicly traded.

 

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The Bank

 

General.  The Bank is a national bank, chartered by the OCC under the National Bank Act.  The deposit accounts of the Bank are insured by the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) to the maximum extent provided under federal law and FDIC regulations, and the Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve System.  As a national bank, the Bank is subject to the examination, supervision, reporting and enforcement requirements of the OCC, the chartering authority for national banks.  The FDIC, as administrator of the DIF, also has regulatory authority over the Bank.

 

Enforcement Actions.  On October 20, 2009, the Bank entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with the OCC, in which the Bank agreed, among other things, to: (i) implement a variety of programs and policies to reduce its level of credit risk, including a policy to address certain concentrations of credit; and (ii) limit its amount of brokered deposits to 4.50% of total deposits, unless the prior written consent of the OCC is granted to exceed such level.  The MOU was replaced with an OCC Consent Order signed May 16, 2011.  The Consent Order required the Bank to maintain regulatory capital ratios at levels in excess of the general minimums required to be considered “well capitalized” under applicable OCC regulations.  Specifically, the Bank’s board of directors agreed to achieve a minimum Tier 1 capital to total assets ratio of 8.75% and a minimum total capital to total risk-weighted assets ratio of 11.25% by December 31, 2009, and to maintain such minimum ratios thereafter.  At December 31, 2011 the Bank exceeded the agreed upon capital ratios.

 

Deposit Insurance.  As an FDIC-insured institution, the Bank is required to pay deposit insurance premium assessments to the FDIC.  The FDIC has adopted a risk-based assessment system whereby FDIC-insured depository institutions pay insurance premiums at rates based on their risk classification.  An institution’s risk classification is assigned based on its capital levels and the level of supervisory concern the institution poses to the regulators.

 

On November 12, 2009, the FDIC adopted a final rule that required insured depository institutions to prepay on December 30, 2009, their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011, and 2012.  As such, on December 31, 2009, the Bank prepaid the FDIC its assessments based on its actual September 30, 2009 assessment base, adjusted quarterly by an estimated 5% annual growth rate through the end of 2012.  The FDIC also used the institution’s total base assessment rate in effect on September 30, 2009, increasing it by an annualized 3 basis points beginning in 2011.  The FDIC began to offset prepaid assessments on March 30, 2010, representing payment of the regular quarterly risk-based deposit insurance assessment for the fourth quarter of 2009.  Any prepaid assessment not exhausted after collection of the amount due on June 30, 2013, will be returned to the institution.

 

Amendments to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act also revise the assessment base against which an insured depository institution’s deposit insurance premiums paid to the DIF will be calculated.  Under the amendments, the assessment base will no longer be the institution’s deposit base, but rather its average consolidated total assets less its average tangible equity.  This may shift the burden of deposit insurance premiums toward those large depository institutions that rely on funding sources other than U.S. deposits.  Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act makes changes to the minimum designated reserve ratio of the DIF, increasing the minimum from 1.15% to 1.35% of the estimated amount of total insured deposits, and eliminating the requirement that the FDIC pay dividends to depository institutions when the reserve ratio exceeds certain thresholds.  The FDIC is given until September 3, 2020 to meet the 1.35 reserve ratio target.  Several of these provisions could increase the Bank’s FDIC deposit insurance premiums.

 

The Dodd-Frank Act permanently increases the maximum amount of deposit insurance for banks, savings institutions and credit unions to $250,000 per insured depositor, retroactive to January 1, 2009.  Furthermore, the legislation provides that non-interest bearing transaction accounts have unlimited deposit insurance coverage through December 31, 2012.  This temporary unlimited deposit insurance coverage replaces the Transaction Account Guarantee Program (“TAGP”) that expired on December 31, 2010.  It covers all depository institution noninterest-bearing transaction accounts, but not low interest-bearing accounts.  Unlike TAGP, there is no special assessment associated with the temporary unlimited insurance coverage, nor may institutions opt-out of the unlimited coverage.

 

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FICO Assessments.  The Financing Corporation (“FICO”) is a mixed-ownership governmental corporation chartered by the former Federal Home Loan Bank Board pursuant to the Competitive Equality Banking Act of 1987 to function as a financing vehicle for the recapitalization of the former Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation.  FICO issued 30-year noncallable bonds of approximately $8.1 billion that mature in 2017 through 2019.  FICO’s authority to issue bonds ended on December 12, 1991.  Since 1996, federal legislation has required that all FDIC-insured depository institutions pay assessments to cover interest payments on FICO’s outstanding obligations.  These FICO assessments are in addition to amounts assessed by the FDIC for deposit insurance.  During the year ended December 31, 2011, the FICO assessment rate was approximately 0.01% of deposits.  A rate reduction to .0068% began with the fourth quarter of 2011 to reflect the change from an assessment base computed on deposits to an assessment base computed on assets as required by the Dodd-Frank Act.

 

Supervisory Assessments.  National banks are required to pay supervisory assessments to the OCC to fund the operations of the OCC.  The amount of the assessment is calculated using a formula that takes into account the bank’s size and its supervisory condition.  During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Bank paid supervisory assessments to the OCC totaling $697,000.

 

Capital Requirements.  Banks are generally required to maintain capital levels in excess of other businesses.  For a discussion of capital requirements, see “—The Increasing Importance of Capital,” as well as “—Enforcement Actions.”

 

Dividend Payments.  The primary source of funds for the Company is dividends from the Bank.  Under the National Bank Act, a national bank may pay dividends out of its undivided profits in such amounts and at such times as the bank’s board of directors deems prudent.  Without prior OCC approval, however, a national bank may not pay dividends in any calendar year that, in the aggregate, exceed the bank’s year-to-date net income plus the bank’s retained net income for the two preceding years.

 

The payment of dividends by any financial institution is affected by the requirement to maintain adequate capital pursuant to applicable capital adequacy guidelines and regulations, and a financial institution generally is prohibited from paying any dividends if, following payment thereof, the institution would be undercapitalized.  As described above, the Bank exceeded its minimum capital requirements under applicable OCC guidelines as of December 31, 2011.  Under the Written Agreement the payment of dividends by the Company needs a notice of no supervision objection from the Federal Reserve and the Bank requires prior approval by the OCC in connection to the Consent Order.

 

Insider Transactions.  The Bank is subject to certain restrictions imposed by federal law on “covered transactions” between the Bank and its “affiliates”.  The Company is an affiliate of the Bank for purposes of these restrictions, and covered transactions subject to the restrictions include extensions of credit to the Company, investments in the stock or other securities of the Company and the acceptance of the stock or other securities of the Company as collateral for loans made by the Bank.  The Dodd-Frank Act enhances the requirements for certain transactions with affiliates as of July 21, 2011, including an expansion of the definition of “covered transactions” and an increase in the amount of time for which collateral requirements regarding covered transactions must be maintained.

 

Certain limitations and reporting requirements are also placed on extensions of credit by the Bank to its directors and officers, to directors and officers of the Company and its subsidiaries, to principal shareholders of the Company and to “related interests” of such directors, officers and principal shareholders.  In addition, federal law and regulations may affect the terms upon which any person who is a director or officer of the Company or the Bank or a principal shareholder of the Company may obtain credit from banks with which the Bank maintains a correspondent relationship.

 

Safety and Soundness Standards.  The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines that establish operational and managerial standards to promote the safety and soundness of federally insured depository institutions.  The guidelines set forth standards for internal controls, information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, compensation, fees and benefits, asset quality and earnings.

 

In general, the safety and soundness guidelines prescribe the goals to be achieved in each area, and

 

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each institution is responsible for establishing its own procedures to achieve those goals.  If an institution fails to comply with any of the standards set forth in the guidelines, the institution’s primary federal regulator may require the institution to submit a plan for achieving and maintaining compliance.  If an institution fails to submit an acceptable compliance plan, or fails in any material respect to implement a compliance plan that has been accepted by its primary federal regulator, the regulator is required to issue an order directing the institution to cure the deficiency.  Until the deficiency cited in the regulator’s order is cured, the regulator may restrict the institution’s rate of growth, require the institution to increase its capital, restrict the rates the institution pays on deposits or require the institution to take any action the regulator deems appropriate under the circumstances.  Noncompliance with the standards established by the safety and soundness guidelines may also constitute grounds for other enforcement action by the federal banking regulators, including cease and desist orders and civil money penalty assessments.

 

As described in further detail above, the Bank is currently subject to a Consent Order with the OCC pursuant to which it has agreed to implement a variety of programs and policies to reduce its level of credit risk.  In addition, the Bank agreed to maintain certain regulatory capital ratios at levels in excess of the general minimums required to be considered “well capitalized” under applicable OCC regulations.  See “- Enforcement Actions” for further detail.

 

Branching Authority.  National banks headquartered in Illinois, such as the Bank, have the same branching rights in Illinois as banks chartered under Illinois law, subject to OCC approval.  Illinois law grants Illinois-chartered banks the authority to establish branches anywhere in the State of Illinois, subject to receipt of all required regulatory approvals.

 

Federal law permits state and national banks to merge with banks in other states subject to: (i) regulatory approval; (ii) federal and state deposit concentration limits; and (iii) state law limitations requiring the merging bank to have been in existence for a minimum period of time (not to exceed five years) prior to the merger.  The establishment of new interstate branches or the acquisition of individual branches of a bank in another state (rather than the acquisition of an out-of-state bank in its entirety) has historically been permitted only in those states the laws of which expressly authorize such expansion.  However, the Dodd-Frank Act permits well-capitalized banks to establish branches across state lines without these impediments.

 

Financial Subsidiaries.  Under federal law and OCC regulations, national banks are authorized to engage, through “financial subsidiaries,” in any activity that is permissible for a financial holding company and any activity that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Federal Reserve, determines is financial in nature or incidental to any such financial activity, except (i) insurance underwriting, (ii) real estate development or real estate investment activities (unless otherwise permitted by law), (iii) insurance company portfolio investments and (iv) merchant banking.  The authority of a national bank to invest in a financial subsidiary is subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things, requirements that the bank must be well-managed and well-capitalized (after deducting from capital the bank’s outstanding investments in financial subsidiaries).  The Bank has not applied for approval to establish any financial subsidiaries.

 

Transaction Account Reserves.  Federal Reserve regulations require depository institutions to maintain reserves against their transaction accounts (primarily NOW and regular checking accounts):  For 2012: the first $11.5 million of otherwise reservable balances are exempt from the reserve requirements; for transaction accounts aggregating more than $11.5 million to $71.0 million, the reserve requirement is 3% of total transaction accounts; and for net transaction accounts in excess of $71.0 million, a 10% reserve ratio will be assessed. These reserve requirements are subject to annual adjustment by the Federal Reserve.  The Bank is in compliance with the foregoing requirements.

 

Consumer Financial Services. There are numerous developments in federal and state laws regarding consumer financial products and services that impact the Bank’s business.  Importantly, the current structure of federal consumer protection regulation applicable to all providers of consumer financial products and services changed significantly on July 21, 2011, when the new Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection commenced operations to supervise and enforce consumer protection laws.  The Bureau has broad rule-making authority for a wide range of consumer protection laws that apply to all providers of consumer products and services, including the Bank, as well as the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices.  The Bureau has examination and enforcement authority over providers with more than $10 billion in assets.  Banks

 

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and savings institutions with $10 billion or less in assets, like the Bank, will continue to be examined by their applicable bank regulators.  The Dodd-Frank Act also generally weakens the federal preemption available for national banks and federal savings associations, and gives state attorneys general the ability to enforce applicable federal consumer protection laws.  It is unclear what changes will be promulgated by the Bureau and what effect, if any, such changes would have on the Bank.

 

The Dodd-Frank Act contains additional provisions that affect consumer mortgage lending.  First, the new law significantly expands underwriting requirements applicable to loans secured by 1-4 residential real property and augments federal law combating predatory lending practices.  In addition to numerous new disclosure requirements, the Dodd-Frank Act imposes new standards for mortgage loan originations on all lenders, including banks and savings associations, in an effort to strongly encourage lenders to verify a borrower’s ability to repay.  Most significantly, the new standards limit the total points and fees that the Bank and/or a broker may charge on conforming and jumbo loans to 3% of the total loan amount.  Also, the Dodd-Frank Act, in conjunction with the Federal Reserve’s final rule on loan originator compensation effective April 1, 2011, prohibits certain compensation payments to loan originators and prohibits steering consumers to loans not in their interest because it will result in greater compensation for a loan originator.  These standards may result in a myriad of new system, pricing and compensation controls in order to ensure compliance and to decrease repurchase requests and foreclosure defenses.  In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act generally requires lenders or securitizers to retain an economic interest in the credit risk relating to loans the lender sells and other asset-backed securities that the securitizer issues if the loans have not complied with the ability to repay standards.  The risk retention requirement generally will be 5%, but could be increased or decreased by regulation.

 

Foreclosure and Loan Modifications.  Federal and state laws further impact foreclosures and loan modifications, many of which laws have the effect of delaying or impeding the foreclosure process on real estate secured loans in default.  Mortgages on commercial property can be modified, such as by reducing the principal amount of the loan or the interest rate, or by extending the term of the loan, through plans confirmed under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code.  In recent years legislation has been introduced in Congress that would amend the Bankruptcy Code to permit the modification of mortgages secured by residences, although at this time the enactment of such legislation is not in prospect.  The scope, duration and terms of potential future legislation with similar effect continue to be discussed.  The Bank cannot predict whether any such legislation will be passed or the impact, if any, it would have on the Bank’s business.

 

Illinois has enacted several laws that impact the timing of foreclosures and encourage loan modification efforts, and there is momentum for further legislation to prevent foreclosures through loss mitigation and ensure that documents submitted to the court are authentic and free from deceit and fraud in light of the settlement reached in early February of 2012 by 49 state attorneys general and the federal government with the country’s five largest loan servicers: Ally/GMAC, Bank of America, Citi, JPMorgan Chase, and Wells Fargo.  Every state except Oklahoma signed on to the settlement.  The settlement will provide as much as $25 billion in relief to distressed borrowers in the states who signed on to the settlement; and direct payments to signing states and the federal government.  The agreement settles state and federal investigations finding that the country’s five largest loan servicers routinely signed foreclosure related documents outside the presence of a notary public and without really knowing whether the facts they contained were correct and holds the banks accountable for their wrongdoing on robo-signing and mortgage servicing.  The agreement settles only some aspects of the banks’ conduct related to the financial crisis (foreclosure practices, loan servicing, and origination of loans).  State cases against the rating agencies and bid-rigging in the municipal bond market, for example, continue.

 

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GUIDE 3 STATISTICAL DATA REQUIREMENTS

 

The statistical data required by Guide 3 of the Guides for Preparation and Filing of Reports and Registration Statements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is set forth in the following pages.  This data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” as set forth in Part II Items 7 and 8.  All dollars in the tables are expressed in thousands.

 

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I.                       Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity; Interest Rate and Interest Differential.

 

The following table sets forth certain information relating to the Company’s average consolidated balance sheets and reflects the yield on average earning assets and cost of average liabilities for the years indicated.  Dividing the related interest by the average balance of assets or liabilities derives rates.  Average balances are derived from daily balances.

 

ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE BALANCES,

TAX EQUIVALENT INTEREST AND RATES

Years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance

 

Interest

 

Rate

 

Balance

 

Interest

 

Rate

 

Balance

 

Interest

 

Rate

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest bearing deposits

 

$

92,830

 

$

230

 

0.24

%

$

64,894

 

$

156

 

0.24

%

$

16,928

 

$

39

 

0.23

%

Federal funds sold

 

533

 

1

 

0.19

 

2,009

 

3

 

0.15

 

15,060

 

17

 

0.11

 

Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

161,986

 

3,989

 

2.46

 

154,485

 

4,766

 

3.09

 

193,952

 

8,526

 

4.40

 

Non-taxable (tax equivalent)

 

13,220

 

749

 

5.67

 

45,435

 

2,761

 

6.08

 

135,644

 

8,046

 

5.93

 

Total securities

 

175,206

 

4,738

 

2.70

 

199,920

 

7,527

 

3.77

 

329,596

 

16,572

 

5.03

 

Dividends from FRB and FHLB stock

 

13,963

 

290

 

2.08

 

13,467

 

251

 

1.86

 

13,044

 

225

 

1.72

 

Loans and loans held-for-sale (1)

 

1,535,054

 

80,513

 

5.17

 

1,909,064

 

99,791

 

5.16

 

2,224,759

 

118,818

 

5.27

 

Total interest earning assets

 

1,817,586

 

85,772

 

4.66

 

2,189,354

 

107,728

 

4.86

 

2,599,387

 

135,671

 

5.16

 

Cash and due from banks

 

27,402

 

 

 

37,670

 

 

 

42,935

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(69,471

)

 

 

(74,487

)

 

 

(57,976

)

 

 

Other noninterest-bearing assets

 

239,947

 

 

 

273,819

 

 

 

228,875

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

2,015,464

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,426,356

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,813,221

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOW accounts

 

$

264,470

 

$

422

 

0.16

 

$

402,954

 

$

1,125

 

0.28

 

$

361,806

 

$

1,287

 

0.36

 

Money market accounts

 

295,212

 

835

 

0.28

 

356,627

 

2,243

 

0.63

 

439,325

 

4,334

 

0.99

 

Savings accounts

 

191,857

 

322

 

0.17

 

185,175

 

699

 

0.38

 

152,671

 

838

 

0.55

 

Time deposits

 

701,189

 

14,478

 

2.06

 

840,647

 

18,795

 

2.24

 

1,092,598

 

32,886

 

3.01

 

Total interest bearing deposits

 

1,452,728

 

16,057

 

1.11

 

1,785,403

 

22,862

 

1.28

 

2,046,400

 

39,345

 

1.92

 

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

1,957

 

1

 

0.05

 

14,883

 

28

 

0.19

 

29,782

 

140

 

0.47

 

Federal funds purchased

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,938

 

78

 

0.48

 

Other short-term borrowings

 

2,742

 

 

 

5,095

 

18

 

0.35

 

44,734

 

296

 

0.65

 

Junior subordinated debentures

 

58,378

 

4,577

 

7.84

 

58,378

 

4,309

 

7.38

 

58,378

 

4,287

 

7.34

 

Subordinated debt

 

45,000

 

822

 

1.80

 

45,000

 

838

 

1.84

 

45,000

 

1,245

 

2.73

 

Notes payable and other borrowings

 

500

 

16

 

3.16

 

500

 

13

 

2.56

 

4,966

 

122

 

2.42

 

Total interest bearing liabilities

 

1,561,305

 

21,473

 

1.37

 

1,909,259

 

28,068

 

1.47

 

2,245,198

 

45,513

 

2.03

 

Noninterest bearing deposits

 

354,196

 

 

 

322,480

 

 

 

314,436

 

 

 

Accrued interest and other liabilities

 

20,238

 

 

 

18,767

 

 

 

18,682

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

79,725

 

 

 

175,850

 

 

 

234,905

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

2,015,464

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,426,356

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,813,221

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income (tax equivalent)

 

 

 

$

64,299

 

 

 

 

 

$

79,660

 

 

 

 

 

$

90,158

 

 

 

Net interest income (tax equivalent) to total earning assets

 

 

 

 

 

3.54

%

 

 

 

 

3.64

%

 

 

 

 

3.47

%

Interest bearing liabilities to earnings assets

 

85.90

%

 

 

 

 

87.21

%

 

 

 

 

86.37

%

 

 

 

 

 


(1)

Interest income from loans is shown tax equivalent as discussed below and includes fees of $2,194,000, $2,546,000 and $3,329,000 for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Nonaccrual loans are included in the above stated average balances.

 

 

 

Notes: For purposes of discussion, net interest income and net interest income to earning assets have been adjusted to a non-GAAP tax equivalent (“TE”) basis using a marginal rate of 35% to more appropriately compare returns on tax-exempt loans and securities to other earning assets. The table below provides a reconciliation of each non-GAAP TE measure to the GAAP equivalent:

 

 

 

Effect of Tax Equivalent Adjustment

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Interest income (GAAP)

 

$

85,423

 

$

106,681

 

$

132,650

 

Taxable equivalent adjustment - loans

 

87

 

81

 

205

 

Taxable equivalent adjustment - securities

 

262

 

966

 

2,816

 

Interest income (TE)

 

85,772

 

107,728

 

135,671

 

Less: interest expense (GAAP)

 

21,473

 

28,068

 

45,513

 

Net interest income (TE)

 

$

64,299

 

$

79,660

 

$

90,158

 

Net interest income (GAAP)

 

$

63,950

 

$

78,613

 

$

87,137

 

Net interest income to total interest earning assets

 

3.52

%

3.59

%

3.35

%

Net interest income to total interest earning assets (TE)

 

3.54

%

3.64

%

3.47

%

 

20



Table of Contents

 

The following table allocates the changes in net interest income to changes in either average balances or average rates for earnings assets and interest bearing liabilities.  The changes in interest due to both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to the change due to balance and due to rate.  Interest income is measured on a tax-equivalent basis using a 35% rate as per the note to the analysis of averages balance table on the preceding page.

 

ANALYSIS OF YEAR-TO-YEAR CHANGES IN NET INTEREST INCOME

 

 

 

2011 Compared to 2010

 

2010 Compared to 2009

 

 

 

Change Due to

 

 

 

Change Due to

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Average

 

Total

 

Average

 

Average

 

Total

 

 

 

Balance

 

Rate

 

Change

 

Balance

 

Rate

 

Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EARNING ASSETS/INTEREST INCOME

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest bearing deposits

 

$

69

 

$

5

 

$

74

 

$

115

 

$

2

 

$

117

 

Federal funds sold

 

(3

)

1

 

(2

)

(22

)

8

 

(14

)

Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxable

 

246

 

(1,023

)

(777

)

(1,525

)

(2,235

)

(3,760

)

Tax-exempt

 

(1,837

)

(175

)

(2,012

)

(5,487

)

202

 

(5,285

)

Dividends from FRB and FHLB Stock

 

10

 

29

 

39

 

7

 

19

 

26

 

Loans and loans held-for-sale

 

(19,618

)

340

 

(19,278

)

(16,549

)

(2,478

)

(19,027

)

TOTAL EARNING ASSETS

 

(21,133

)

(823

)

(21,956

)

(23,461

)

(4,482

)

(27,943

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES/INTEREST EXPENSE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOW accounts

 

(313

)

(390

)

(703

)

182

 

(344

)

(162

)

Money market accounts

 

(336

)

(1,072

)

(1,408

)

(715

)

(1,376

)

(2,091

)

Savings accounts

 

26

 

(403

)

(377

)

298

 

(437

)

(139

)

Time deposits

 

(2,955

)

(1,362

)

(4,317

)

(6,661

)

(7,430

)

(14,091

)

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

 

(15

)

(12

)

(27

)

(51

)

(61

)

(112

)

Federal funds purchased

 

 

 

 

(39

)

(39

)

(78

)

Other short-term borrowings

 

(6

)

(12

)

(18

)

(182

)

(96

)

(278

)

Junior subordinated debentures

 

 

268

 

268

 

 

22

 

22

 

Subordinated debt

 

 

(16

)

(16

)

 

(407

)

(407

)

Notes payable and other borrowings

 

 

3

 

3

 

(117

)

8

 

(109

)

INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES

 

(3,599

)

(2,996

)

(6,595

)

(7,285

)

(10,160

)

(17,445

)

NET INTEREST INCOME

 

$

(17,534

)

$

2,173

 

$

(15,361

)

$

(16,176

)

$

5,678

 

$

(10,498

)

 

21



Table of Contents

 

II.                                   Investment Portfolio

 

The following table presents the composition of the securities portfolio by major category as of December 31, of each year indicated:

 

SECURITIES PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Fair

 

Amortized

 

Fair

 

Amortized

 

Fair

 

 

 

Cost

 

Value

 

Cost

 

Value

 

Cost

 

Value

 

SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury

 

$

1,501

 

$

1,524

 

$

1,501

 

$

1,521

 

$

1,499

 

$

1,523

 

U.S. government agencies

 

43,112

 

43,398

 

37,810

 

37,426

 

84,265

 

84,452

 

U.S. government agency mortgage-backed

 

152,473

 

154,007

 

75,257

 

76,731

 

41,175

 

42,800

 

States and political subdivisions

 

12,152

 

13,809

 

17,538

 

17,854

 

81,801

 

83,338

 

Corporate bonds

 

32,357

 

31,389

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

25,616

 

25,122

 

3,817

 

3,996

 

22,246

 

23,151

 

Asset-backed securities

 

28,755

 

28,341

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized debt obligations

 

17,892

 

9,974

 

17,869

 

11,073

 

17,834

 

10,883

 

Equity securities

 

 

 

49

 

46

 

99

 

94

 

 

 

$

313,858

 

$

307,564

 

$

153,841

 

$

148,647

 

$

248,919

 

$

246,241

 

 

The Company’s holdings of U.S. government agency and U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities are comprised of government-sponsored enterprises, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks, which are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government.

 

SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE MATURITY AND YIELDS

 

The following table presents the expected maturities or call dates and weighted average yield (non tax equivalent) of securities by major category as of December 31, 2011:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After One But

 

After Five But

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Within One Year

 

Within Five Years

 

Within Ten Years

 

After Ten Years

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

Amount

 

Yield

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury

 

$

 

 

$

1,524

 

1.34

%

$

 

0.00

%

$

 

 

$

1,524

 

1.34

%

U.S. government agencies

 

 

 

25,297

 

1.92

%

10,069

 

3.65

%

8,032

 

4.77

%

43,398

 

2.85

%

States and political subdivisions

 

480

 

4.36

%

2,168

 

4.51

%

5,710

 

2.07

%

5,451

 

4.40

%

13,809

 

3.47

%

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

31,389

 

2.34

%

 

0.00

%

 

 

31,389

 

2.34

%

 

 

480

 

4.36

%

60,378

 

2.21

%

15,779

 

3.13

%

13,483

 

4.63

%

90,120

 

2.72

%

Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

179,129

 

1.96

%

Asset-backed securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,341

 

1.68

%

Collateralized debt obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,974

 

1.80

%

 

 

$

480

 

4.36

%

$

60,378

 

2.21

%

$

15,779

 

3.13

%

$

13,483

 

4.63

%

$

307,564

 

2.14

%

 

As of December 31, 2011, net unrealized losses of $6,294,000, offset by deferred income taxes of $2,592,000, resulted in a decrease in equity capital of $3,702,000.  As of December 31, 2010, net unrealized losses of $5,194,000, offset by deferred income taxes of $2,064,000, resulted in a decrease in equity capital of $3,130,000.  At December 31, 2011, the fair value of the collateralized debt obligations held totaling $10.0 million, as issued by Trapeza CDO XIII, Ltd, were greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.  Additional detailed information related to these securities is provided in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data —Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

22



Table of Contents

 

III.                                 Loan Portfolio

 

Types of Loans

 

The following table presents the composition of the loan portfolio at December 31, for the years indicated:

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

2008

 

2007

 

Commercial

 

$

98,241

 

$

173,718

 

$

206,779

 

$

243,272

 

$

196,392

 

Real estate - commercial

 

704,415

 

821,101

 

925,013

 

928,747

 

660,608

 

Real estate - construction

 

70,919

 

129,601

 

273,719

 

373,371

 

371,436

 

Real estate - residential

 

477,196

 

556,609

 

642,335

 

700,595

 

633,682

 

Installment

 

4,172

 

5,587

 

10,447

 

19,972

 

20,356

 

Overdraft

 

457

 

739

 

830

 

761

 

714

 

Lease Financing Receivables

 

2,087

 

2,774

 

3,703

 

4,396

 

7,922

 

Other

 

11,498

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

Gross loans

 

1,368,985

 

1,690,129

 

2,062,826

 

2,271,114

 

1,891,110

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

(51,997

)

(76,308

)

(64,540

)

(41,271

)

(16,835

)

Loans, net

 

$

1,316,988

 

$

1,613,821

 

$

1,998,286

 

$

2,229,843

 

$

1,874,275

 

 

The above loan total includes net unearned and deferred loan fees and costs.

 

Maturity and Rate Sensitivity Of Loans

 

The following table sets forth the remaining contractual maturities for certain loan categories at December 31, 2011:

 

 

 

 

 

Over 1 Year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Through 5 Years

 

Over 5 Years

 

 

 

 

 

One Year

 

Fixed

 

Floating

 

Fixed

 

Floating

 

 

 

 

 

or Less

 

Rate

 

Rate

 

Rate

 

Rate

 

Total

 

Commercial

 

$

56,209

 

$

19,903

 

$

15,853

 

$

5,972

 

$

304

 

$

98,241

 

Real estate - commercial

 

183,457

 

377,109

 

83,109

 

41,350

 

19,390

 

704,415

 

Real estate - construction

 

44,516

 

23,409

 

827

 

64

 

2,103

 

70,919

 

Real estate - residential

 

52,112

 

95,289

 

74,258

 

25,636

 

229,901

 

477,196

 

Installment

 

618

 

1,759

 

1,751

 

44

 

 

4,172

 

Overdraft

 

457

 

 

 

 

 

457

 

Lease financing receivables

 

5

 

2,022

 

 

60

 

 

2,087

 

Other

 

6,135

 

3,343

 

1,220

 

800

 

 

11,498

 

Total

 

$

343,509

 

$

522,834

 

$

177,018

 

$

73,926

 

$

251,698

 

$

1,368,985

 

 

While there are no significant concentrations of loans where the customers’ ability to honor loan terms is dependent upon a single economic sector, the real estate related categories represented 91.5% and 89.2% of the portfolio at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The Company had no concentration of loans exceeding 10% of total loans, which were not otherwise disclosed as a category of loans at December 31, 2011.

 

23



Table of Contents

 

Risk Elements

 

The following table sets forth the amounts of nonperforming assets at December 31, of the years indicated:

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

2008

 

2007

 

Nonaccrual loans

 

$

126,786

 

$

212,225

 

$

174,978

 

$

106,510

 

$

5,346

 

Troubled debt restructured loans accruing interest

 

11,839

 

15,637

 

14,171

 

 

 

Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest

 

318

 

1,013

 

561

 

2,119

 

625

 

Total nonperforming loans

 

138,943

 

228,875

 

189,710

 

108,629

 

5,971

 

Other real estate owned

 

93,290

 

75,613

 

40,200

 

15,212

 

 

Receivable from foreclosed loan participation

 

 

 

1,505

 

 

 

Receivable from swap terminations

 

 

3,520

 

 

 

 

Total nonperforming assets

 

$

232,233

 

$

308,008

 

$

231,415

 

$

123,841

 

$

5,971

 

 

Accrual of interest is discontinued on a loan when principal or interest is ninety days or more past due, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, interest previously accrued but not collected in the current period is reversed against current period interest income.  Interest accrued in prior years but not collected is charged against the allowance for loan losses.  Interest income of approximately $1,784,000 and $4,382,000 was recorded during 2011 and 2010, respectively on loans in nonaccrual status at year-end.  Interest income, which would have been recognized during 2011 and 2010, had these loans been on an accrual basis throughout the year, was approximately $10,555,000 and $17,234,000, respectively.  As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, there were $5,351,000 and $10,689,000 respectively in restructured residential mortgage loans that were still accruing interest based upon their prior performance history.  Additionally, the nonaccrual loans above includes $16,189,000 and $23,175,000 in restructured loans for the period ending December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 

24



Table of Contents

 

IV.                              Summary of Loan Loss Experience

 

Analysis of Allowance For Loan Losses

 

The following table summarizes, for the years indicated, activity in the allowance for loan losses, including amounts charged off, amounts of recoveries, additions to the allowance charged to operating expense, and the ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding:

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

2008

 

2007

 

Average total loans (exclusive of loans held-for-sale)

 

$

1,527,311

 

$

1,900,604

 

$

2,206,189

 

$

2,181,675

 

$

1,825,176

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance at beginning of year

 

76,308

 

64,540

 

41,271

 

16,835

 

16,193

 

Addition resulting from acquisition

 

 

 

 

3,039

 

 

Charge-offs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

366

 

2,247

 

3,493

 

115

 

185

 

Real estate - commercial

 

19,576

 

29,665

 

4,148

 

1,277

 

51

 

Real estate - construction

 

10,430

 

39,321

 

60,173

 

6,146

 

 

Real estate - residential

 

10,229

 

13,216

 

6,238

 

1,420

 

16

 

Installment and other loans

 

568

 

560

 

926

 

426

 

817

 

Total charge-offs

 

41,169

 

85,009

 

74,978

 

9,384

 

1,069

 

Recoveries:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

173

 

320

 

22

 

202

 

286

 

Real estate - commercial

 

3,947

 

900

 

 

4

 

 

Real estate - construction

 

1,262

 

3,674

 

1,123

 

16

 

7

 

Real estate - residential

 

1,807

 

1,799

 

47

 

 

8

 

Installment and other loans

 

782

 

416

 

340

 

244

 

222

 

Total recoveries

 

7,971

 

7,109

 

1,532

 

466

 

523

 

Net charge-offs

 

33,198

 

77,900

 

73,446

 

8,918

 

546

 

Provision for loan losses

 

8,887

 

89,668

 

96,715

 

30,315

 

1,188

 

Allowance at end of year

 

$

51,997

 

$

76,308

 

$

64,540

 

$

41,271

 

$

16,835

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net charge-offs to average loans

 

2.17

%

4.10

%

3.33

%

0.41

%

0.03

%

Allowance at year end to average loans

 

3.40

%

4.01

%

2.93

%

1.89

%

0.92

%

 

The provision for loan losses is based upon management’s estimate of losses inherent in the portfolio and its evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  Factors which influence management’s judgment in estimating loan losses are the composition of the portfolio, past loss experience, loan delinquencies, nonperforming loans, and other factors that, in management’s judgment, deserve evaluation in estimating loan losses.

 

Allocation of the Allowance For Loan Losses

 

The following table shows the Company’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by types of loans and the amount of unallocated allowance, at December 31, of the years indicated:

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

Loan Type

 

 

 

Loan Type

 

 

 

Loan Type

 

 

 

Loan Type

 

 

 

Loan Type

 

 

 

 

 

to Total

 

 

 

to Total

 

 

 

to Total

 

 

 

to Total

 

 

 

to Total

 

 

 

Amount

 

Loans

 

Amount

 

Loans

 

Amount

 

Loans

 

Amount

 

Loans

 

Amount

 

Loans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

 

$

5,070

 

7.2

%

$

6,764

 

10.3

%

$

4,547

 

10.0

%

$

2,912

 

10.7

%

$

2,577

 

10.4

%

Real estate - commercial

 

30,770

 

51.5

%

42,242

 

48.5

%

24,598

 

44.8

%

13,741

 

40.9

%

5,947

 

34.9

%

Real estate - construction

 

7,937

 

5.2

%

18,344

 

7.7

%

29,895

 

13.3

%

20,546

 

16.5

%

5,403

 

19.7

%

Real estate - residential

 

6,335

 

34.9

%

6,999

 

33.0

%

3,770

 

31.2

%

2,365

 

30.8

%

358

 

33.5

%

Installment

 

884

 

0.3

%

880

 

0.3

%

703

 

0.5

%

557

 

0.9

%

1,067

 

1.1

%

Lease financing receivables

 

 

0.1

%

 

0.2

%

 

0.2

%

50

 

0.2

%

 

0.4

%

Unallocated

 

1,001

 

0.8

%

1,079

 

 

1,027

 

 

1,100

 

 

1,483

 

 

Total

 

$

51,997

 

100.0

%

$

76,308

 

100.0

%

$

64,540

 

100.0

%

$

41,271

 

100.0

%

$

16,835

 

100.0

%

 

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for credit losses, increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by charge-offs less recoveries.  Allocations of the allowance may be made for

 

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specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  In addition, federal regulatory authorities, as part of the examination process, periodically review the allowance for loan losses.  Regulators can require management to record adjustments to the allowance level based upon their assessment of the information available to them at the time of examination.  Although management believes the allowance for loan losses is sufficient to cover probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio, there can be no assurance that the allowance will prove sufficient to cover actual loan losses

 

Potential Problem Loans

 

The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem assets.  At the scheduled board of directors meetings of the Bank, loan listings are presented, which show significant loan relationships listed as “Special Mention,” “Substandard,” and “Doubtful.”  Loans classified as substandard assets include those that have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.  They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.  The Company’s loan policy definition of a problem loan is described in the management discussion and analysis of item 7, Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under specific allocations.  Assets classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.  Assets that do not currently expose us to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories, but possess weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention are deemed to be Special Mention.

 

Management’s determination as to the classification of assets and the amount of estimated valuation allowances is subject to review by the OCC, the Bank’s primary regulator, which can also order the establishment of additional specific or general loss allowances.  There can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing the loan portfolio, will not request us to materially adjust our allowance for loan losses.  The OCC, in conjunction with the other federal banking agencies, has adopted an interagency policy statement on the allowance for loan losses.  The policy statement provides guidance for financial institutions on both the responsibilities of management for the assessment and establishment of adequate allowances and guidance for banking agency examiners to use in determining the adequacy of general valuation guidelines.  Generally, the policy statement recommends that (1) institutions have effective systems and controls to identify, monitor and address asset quality problems; (2) management has analyzed all significant factors that affect the collectability of the portfolio in a reasonable manner; and (3) management has established acceptable allowance evaluation processes that meet the objectives set forth in the policy statement.  Management believes it has established an adequate estimated allowance for probable loan losses.  Management reviews its process quarterly and makes changes as needed, and reports those results at meetings of our Audit Committee.  However, there can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing the loan portfolio, would not request us to materially adjust our allowance for loan losses at the time of their examination.

 

Although management believes that adequate specific and general loan loss allowances have been established, actual losses are dependent upon future events and, as such, further additions to the level of specific and general loan loss allowances may become necessary.  Management defines potential problem loans as performing loans rated substandard, that do not meet the definition of a nonperforming loan.  These potential problem loans carry a higher probability of default and require additional attention by management.

 

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V.                                  Deposits

 

The following table sets forth the amount and maturities of deposits of $100,000 or more at December 31, 2011:

 

3 months or less

 

$

65,073

 

Over 3 months through 6 months

 

27,378

 

Over 6 months through 12 months

 

44,394

 

Over 12 months

 

90,108

 

 

 

$

226,953

 

 

VI.                                Return on Equity and Assets

 

The following table presents selected financial ratios as of December 31, for the years indicated:

 

 

 

2011

 

2010

 

Return on average total assets

 

(0.32

)%

(4.48

)%

Return on average equity

 

(8.15

)%

(61.79

)%

Average equity to average assets

 

3.96

%

7.25

%

Dividend payout ratio

 

0.00

%

(0.25

)%

 

VII.                         Short-Term Borrowings

 

There were no categories of short-term borrowings having an average balance greater than 30% of stockholders’ equity of the Company at the end of the year.

 

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Item 1.A.  Risk Factors

 

In addition to the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, stockholders or prospective investors should carefully consider the following risk factors:

 

The Company has incurred a net loss in the past and cannot ensure further losses will not be incurred.

 

The Company incurred a net loss of $6.5 million for 2011, as well as a net loss of $108.6 million for 2010 and $65.6 million for 2009.  In light of the persistent challenging economic environment and continuing depressed real estate markets, we cannot ensure we will not incur future losses.  Any future losses may affect our ability to meet our expenses or raise additional capital, and may delay the time in which we can resume dividend payments on our common and preferred stock as well as distributions on our trust preferred securities.  Furthermore, any future losses would likely cause a decline in our holding company regulatory capital ratios, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

 

If we fail to maintain sufficient capital, whether due to losses, an inability to raise additional capital or otherwise, our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, as well as our ability to maintain regulatory compliance, would be adversely affected.

 

The Company and the Bank must meet minimum regulatory capital requirements and maintain sufficient liquidity.  We also face significant capital and other regulatory requirements as a financial institution and a participant in the TARP Capital Purchase Program.  Our ability to raise additional capital, when and if needed, will depend on conditions in the economy and capital markets, and a number of other factors—including investor perceptions regarding the Company, banking industry and market condition, and governmental activities—many of which are outside our control, and on our financial condition and performance.  Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise additional capital if needed or on terms acceptable to us.  If we fail to meet these capital and other regulatory requirements, our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 

As previously disclosed, in 2009 the Bank entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the OCC in which the Bank agreed with the OCC to maintain regulatory capital ratios at levels in excess of the general minimums required to be considered “well capitalized” under applicable OCC regulations.  Specifically, the Bank’s board of directors agreed to meet by December 31, 2009, and thereafter maintain, a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 8.75% and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 11.25%.  The Bank achieved these heightened regulatory capital ratios by December 31, 2009 and remained in compliance with them through March 31, 2010 after which we fell out of compliance during 2010.  As of the May 2011 Consent Order with the OCC, which replaced the Memorandum of Understanding, the Bank agreed to maintain the same capital ratios.  The Bank was in compliance with the heightened capital requirements required by the OCC as of December 31, 2011.  However, if the Bank fails to be in full compliance with the agreed-upon capital ratios in the future, the OCC may take additional regulatory enforcement actions.  Any such actions could affect customer confidence, our costs of funds, our FDIC insurance costs, our ability to pay dividends on common and preferred stock, to make distributions on our trust preferred securities, and our ability to grow.  As a result, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

 

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Raising additional capital through the sale of equity securities would be dilutive to current stockholders and may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

 

We may need to raise additional capital to remain in compliance with regulatory requirements and to be able to return to a sustained period of profitability.  With the current low trading price of our common stock, any such capital transaction will likely result in the issuance of a large number of shares of common stock or other securities exercisable into common stock, and may be extremely dilutive to our current common stockholders.  Except as our authorized capital stock may be limited by our charter documents, we are not restricted from issuing additional common stock, including securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, our common stock.  The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of any future issuances of our common stock or other equity securities or the perception that such sales could occur.

 

Liquidity risks could affect operations and jeopardize our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

Liquidity is essential to our business.  An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, the sale of loans, and other sources could have a substantial negative effect on our liquidity.  Our primary sources of funds consist of cash from operations, investment maturities and sales, deposits and funds from sales of capital securities.  Additional liquidity is provided by brokered deposits, bank lines of credit, repurchase agreements and the ability to borrow from the Reserve Bank and the FHLB.  Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance or capitalize our activities on terms that are acceptable to us could be impaired by factors that affect us directly, such as our overall financial performance, the overall perception of the Company’s and the Bank’s ability to return to profitability and restrictions imposed upon us by the regulators, as well as by general factors, such as further disruptions in the economy and financial markets, both domestic and international, or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry.

 

Any decline in available funding could adversely impact our ability to originate loans, invest in securities, meet our expenses, pay dividends to our stockholders, or fulfill obligations such as repaying our borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Nonperforming assets take significant time to resolve and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition, and could result in further losses in the future.

 

At December 31, 2011, our nonperforming loans (which consist of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more, still accruing interest and restructured loans still accruing interest) and our nonperforming assets (which include nonperforming loans plus other real estate owned and receivable from swap terminations) are reflected in the table below (in millions):

 

 

 

12/31/2010

 

12/31/2011

 

% Change

 

Nonperforming loans

 

$

228.9

 

$

138.9

 

(39.3

)%

OREO

 

75.6

 

93.3

 

23.4

%

Receivable from swap terminations

 

3.5

 

 

(100.0

)%

Nonperforming assets

 

$

308.0

 

$

232.2

 

(24.6

)%

 

Our nonperforming assets adversely affect our net income in various ways.  For example, we do not record interest income on nonaccrual loans and other real estate owned has expenses in excess of lease revenues collected, thereby adversely affecting our income and returns on assets and equity.  Our loan administration costs also increase and our efficiency ratio is adversely affected. When we take collateral in foreclosures and similar proceedings, we are required to mark the collateral to its then-fair market value, which, when compared to the value of the loan, may result in a loss.  These nonperforming loans and other real estate owned also increase our risk profile and the capital our regulators believe is appropriate in light of such

 

29



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risks.  The resolution of nonperforming assets requires significant time commitments from management, which can be detrimental to the performance of their other responsibilities.  While we have made progress, there is no assurance that we will not experience further increases in nonperforming loans in the future, or that our nonperforming assets will not result in further losses in the future.

 

We may be subjected to negative publicity that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

 

In the past we have been the subject of news reports discussing our financial situation, and we cannot assure that we may not be subject to negative publicity in the future.  These reports may have a negative impact on our business.  For example, even though our deposits are insured by the FDIC, current customers may choose to withdraw their deposits or potential customers may choose to do business elsewhere.  In addition, we may find that our service providers will be reluctant to commit to long-term projects with us.

 

We have deferred interest payments on our junior subordinated debentures and dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock, and the failure to resume payments may adversely affect the Company and the stockholders.

 

In the third quarter of 2010, the Company elected to defer regularly scheduled interest payments on $58.4 million of junior subordinated debentures related to the trust preferred securities issued by its two statutory trust subsidiaries, Old Second Capital Trust I and Old Second Capital Trust II (the “Trust Preferred Securities”).  Because of the deferral on the junior subordinated debentures, the trusts have deferred regularly scheduled dividends on the Trust Preferred Securities.  The total accumulated interest on the junior subordinated debentures including compounded interest from July 1, 2010 on the deferred payments totaled $6.8 million at December 31, 2011.

 

The Company has also suspended quarterly cash dividends on its Series B Preferred Stock, issued to the U.S. Treasury in connection with the Company’s participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program.  Dividend payments on the Series B Preferred Stock may be deferred without default, but the dividend is cumulative and therefore will continue to accrue.  The dividends have been deferred since November 15, 2010, and the accumulated Series B Preferred Stock dividends totaled $5.2 million at December 31, 2011.

 

The Company is allowed to defer payments of interest for 20 quarterly periods on the junior subordinated debentures without default or penalty, but such amounts will continue to accrue.  Also during the deferral period, the Company generally may not pay cash dividends on or repurchase its common stock or preferred stock, including the Series B Preferred Stock.  In February, 2012, the Company did not pay the required dividend to Treasury for the sixth time and as a result, the Treasury has the right to appoint two representatives to the Company’s board of directors.  The Treasury has indicated that it intends to appoint two representatives and, until such appointments are made, Treasury has sent an observer to the Company’s board of directors.  The terms of the Series B Preferred Stock also prevent the Company from paying cash dividends on or repurchasing its common stock while Series B Preferred Stock dividends are in arrears.

 

The holders of our debt have rights that are senior to those of our stockholders.

 

We currently have a $45.5 million credit facility with a correspondent lender, which includes $45.0 million of subordinated debt and $500,000 in term debt.  As of December 31, 2011, the entire $45.5 million of principal was outstanding.  The term debt and subordinated debt matures on March 31, 2018.  The senior debt is secured by all of the capital stock of the Bank.  At December 31, 2011, the Company continued to be out of compliance with two of the financial covenants contained within the credit agreement, which constitutes an event of default.  In addition, as of December 31, 2011, we also had $58.4 million in junior subordinated debentures related to the Trust Preferred Securities.  Payments of the principal and interest on the trust preferred securities are conditionally guaranteed by us to the extent the trusts have funds available for such obligations.

 

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The rights of the holders of our senior debt, subordinated debt and junior subordinated debentures are senior to the shares of our common stock and senior preferred stock.  As a result, we must make payments on our senior debt, subordinated debt and junior subordinated debentures (and the related Trust Preferred Securities) before any dividends can be paid on our common stock or preferred stock and, in the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the holders of our senior debt, subordinated debt and junior subordinated debentures must be satisfied before any distributions can be made to our stockholders.

 

The holders of our senior preferred stock have rights that are senior to those of our common stockholders.

 

In January 2009, we issued and sold 73,000 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, which ranks senior to our common stock in the payment of dividends and on liquidation, to the Treasury (together with the warrant to acquire 815,339 shares of our common stock) for $73.0 million.  In the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution, or liquidation, the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will receive distributions of our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock but after the holders of our senior debt, subordinated debt and junior subordinated debentures.

 

Our loan portfolio is concentrated heavily in residential and commercial real estate loans, including construction loans, which involve risks specific to real estate values and the real estate and mortgage markets in general, all of which have been experiencing significant weakness.

 

Our loan portfolio generally reflects the profile of the communities in which we operate.  Because we are located in areas that have seen rapid growth over the past decade, real estate lending (including commercial, construction and residential) is a significant portion of our loan portfolio, with these three categories constituting $1.25 billion, or approximately 91.5% of our total loan portfolio, as of December 31, 2011.  Specifically, as of December 31, 2011, commercial real estate loans comprised approximately 51.5% of our total loan portfolio, real estate construction loans comprised approximately 5.2% and residential real estate loans comprised approximately 34.9%.  Given that the primary (if not only) source of collateral on these loans is real estate, additional adverse developments affecting real estate values in our market area could increase the credit risk associated with our real estate loan portfolio.  Additionally, if the loans are not repaid according to their terms, we may not be able to realize the amount of security that we anticipated at the time of originating the loan.

 

The effects of ongoing real estate challenges, combined with the ongoing correction in commercial and residential real estate market prices and reduced levels of home sales, have adversely affected our real estate loan portfolio and have the potential to further adversely affect such portfolio in several ways, each of which could further adversely affect our operating results and/or financial condition.  First, as noted above, approximately 5.2% of our loan portfolio consists of real estate construction loans, which primarily are loans made to home builders and developers.  A continuation of the significantly lower demand for properties constructed by home builders and developers could result in additional delinquencies and charge-offs in future periods on loans made to such borrowers.  Second, the current market environment has caused, and continues to cause, a significantly lower demand for residential real estate loans, which constitute a significant part of our overall portfolio.  This continued lack of demand in residential real estate lending may require us to devote a larger portion of our total assets to lower yielding investment securities, which could adversely affect our net interest margin.

 

The trading price of our common stock is volatile, has declined substantially over the past three years and may decline in the future.

 

The securities markets in general and our common stock in particular have experienced significant price and volume volatility in recent years.  The trading price and volume of our common stock may continue to experience significant fluctuations.  In addition to the other risk factors discussed in this section, the price and volume volatility of our common stock may be affected by:

 

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·                  our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and prospects, particularly if they vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;

 

·                  the publication of earnings estimates or other research reports and speculation in the press or investment community;

 

·                  changes in the overall sentiment in the market regarding our operations or business prospects;

 

·                  the operating and securities price performance of companies that investors consider comparable to us;

 

·                  changes in our industry and competitors;

 

·                  announcements of strategic developments, and other material events by us or our competitors;

 

·                  any future issuances of our common stock, which may be necessary to raise additional capital; and

 

·                  changes in global financial markets and economies and general market conditions, such as interest rates, commodity and equity prices and the value of financial assets.

 

In addition, the NASDAQ Stock Market can experience extreme price and volume fluctuations that can be unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the companies listed on NASDAQ.  Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the trading price of our common stock, regardless of actual operating performance.  To the extent that the price of our common stock remains low or declines further, our ability to raise funds through the issuance of equity or otherwise will be reduced and our stockholders may experience a significant loss in their investment in our common stock.

 

Current and future litigation against us could be costly and time-consuming to defend and may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation.

 

We may from time to time be subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as claims brought by our customers in connection with commercial disputes and employment claims made by our current or former employees.  Claims may also be asserted by or on behalf of a variety of other parties, including government agencies or our stockholders, particularly in light of the substantial decline in the price of our common stock since 2008.  For example, on February 17, 2011, a stockholder class action complaint was filed against us by a former employee alleging that there were breaches of fiduciary duties and disclosure requirements under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 with respect to our Employees’ 401(k) Savings Plan and Trust.  The class action complaint was amended on June 21, 2011, to add a second lead plaintiff, also a former employee.  The complaint, as amended, seeks equitable and as-of-yet unquantified monetary relief.  The parties have agreed to enter mediation and on January 27, 2012.  Bank counsel proposed three mediators to plaintiffs’ counsel.  The parties are currently scheduling the mediation.  It is possible that additional lawsuits will be filed based on the decline in the trading price of our stock naming the Company, and its directors and officers, as defendants.  For additional information regarding this litigation, see Part I, Item 3 of this Form 10-K.

 

Any litigation involving us may result in substantial costs and may divert management’s attention and resources, which may seriously harm our business, overall financial condition, and operating results.  Insurance may not cover existing or future claims, be sufficient to fully compensate us for one or more of such claims, or continue to be available on terms acceptable to us.  A claim brought against us that is uninsured or underinsured could result in unanticipated costs, thereby reducing our operating results and leading analysts or potential investors to reduce their expectations of our performance, possibly resulting in a reduction in the trading price of our stock.

 

If we do not effectively manage our credit risks, we may experience increased levels of non-performing loans, charge offs and delinquencies, which could require further increases in our provision for loan losses.

 

There are risks inherent in making any loan, including risks inherent in dealing with individual borrowers, risks of nonpayment, risks resulting from uncertainties as to the future value of collateral and cash

 

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flows available to service debt and risks resulting from changes in economic and market conditions.  We attempt to mitigate our credit risk through prudent loan application approval procedures, careful monitoring of the concentration of our loans within specific industries and periodic independent reviews of outstanding loans by our credit review department.  However, we cannot assure you that such approval and monitoring procedures will reduce these credit risks, and they cannot be expected to completely eliminate our credit risks.  Should the economic climate fail to meaningfully improve, borrowers may experience difficulty repaying their obligations to the Bank, and the level of nonperforming loans, charge-offs, and delinquencies could rise and require increases in the provision for loan losses, which would cause our net income and return on equity to decrease.

 

Our allowance for loan losses may prove to be insufficient to absorb potential losses in our loan portfolio.

 

We establish our allowance for loan losses and maintain it at a level considered adequate by management to absorb loan losses that are inherent in the portfolio.  The allowance contains provisions for probable losses that have been identified relating to specific borrowing relationships, as well as probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio and credit undertakings that are not specifically identified.  Additions to the allowance for loan losses, which are charged to earnings through the provision for loan losses, are determined based on a variety of factors, including an analysis of the loan portfolio, historical loss experience and an evaluation of current economic conditions in our market areas.  The actual amount of loan losses is affected by changes in economic, operating and other conditions within our markets, which may be beyond our control, and such losses may exceed current estimates.

 

At December 31, 2011, our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 3.8% and as a percentage of total nonperforming loans was approximately 37.4%.  Although management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb losses on any existing loans that may become uncollectible, in light of the current economic environment in the Bank’s market areas and the continued stress on real estate valuations, there is no guarantee that we will not be required to take additional provisions for loan losses in the future to further supplement the allowance for loan losses either due to management’s decision to do so or requirements by the regulators, particularly if economic conditions worsen beyond what management currently expects. Additional provisions for the allowance for loan losses and actual loan losses may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

Commercial loans make up a significant portion of our loan portfolio.

 

Commercial loans were $98.2 million, or approximately 7.2% of our total loan portfolio, as of December 31, 2011.  Our commercial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flow of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.  Most often, this collateral consists of accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and real estate.  Credit support is provided by the borrower for most of these loans, and the probability of repayment is based on the liquidation of the pledged collateral and enforcement of a personal guarantee, if any exists.  As a result, in the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.  The collateral securing other loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based on the success of the business.

 

Real estate construction, land acquisition and development loans are based upon estimates of costs and values associated with the complete project.  These estimates may be inaccurate, and we may be exposed to significant losses on loans for these projects.

 

Construction, land acquisition, and development loans comprised approximately 5.2% of our total loan portfolio at December 31, 2011, and such lending involves additional risks because funds are advanced upon the security of the project, which is of uncertain value prior to its completion, and costs may exceed realizable values in declining real estate markets.  Because of the uncertainties inherent in estimating construction costs

 

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and the realizable market value of the completed project and the effects of governmental regulation of real property, it is relatively difficult to evaluate accurately the total funds required to complete a project and the related loan-to-value ratio.  As a result, construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment dependent, in part, on the success of the ultimate project and the ability of the borrower to sell or lease the property, rather than the ability of the borrower or guarantor to repay principal and interest.  If our appraisal of the value of the completed project proves to be overstated or market values or rental rates decline, we may have inadequate security for the repayment of the loan upon completion of construction of the project.  If we are forced to foreclose on a project prior to or at completion due to a default, there can be no assurance that we will be able to recover all of the unpaid balance of, and accrued interest on, the loan as well as related foreclosure and holding costs.  In addition, we may be required to fund additional amounts to complete the project and may have to hold the property for an unspecified period of time while we attempt to dispose of it.

 

If we fail to maintain a minimum stock price, we risk being delisted from trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.  Any such delisting could limit investors’ ability to effect transactions in our common stock and impair our ability to raise additional capital in the future.

 

Our common stock has declined significantly in recent years, particularly since early 2008.  The last reported closing sale price of our shares on March 12, 2012 was $1.17 per share.  Under NASDAQ’s continued listing standards, if the closing bid price of our common stock is under $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive trading days, NASDAQ may notify us that it intends to delist our common stock from the NASDAQ Global Select Market.  If the closing bid price of our common stock falls below the minimum for 30 consecutive days, NASDAQ may delist our common stock from trading on certain of its markets.  If our stock were delisted, the ability of our stockholders to sell any of their shares of our common stock could be severely, if not completely, limited, causing our stock price to continue to decline.  Additionally, if our common stock is not listed on an exchange, such as NASDAQ, our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of common stock could be significantly hampered.

 

Our future success is dependent on having an effective management team, which may be impacted by our profitability, the trading price of our common stock, our current regulatory status and our participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program.

 

Our ability to attract and retain management and key personnel may affect our earnings and our ability to return to profitability.  It is critical to be able to retain and attract qualified additional management and loan officers with the appropriate level of experience and knowledge about our market areas and the industry to implement our community-based operating strategy and to return the Company to profitability.  As a result of the Bank having entered into the OCC Consent Order, we are subject to certain other limitations regarding compensation and bonus payments to employees.  Additionally, certain regulations, including the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 that was signed into law in February 2009, include extensive new restrictions on our ability to pay retention awards, bonuses and other incentive compensation during the period in which the Treasury holds any of our securities that were issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program.  Many of the restrictions are not limited to our senior executives and could cover other employees whose contributions to our performance are significant.  The limitations, in addition to the current low trading price of our common stock and our lack of profitability over the past several years, may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain these key employees in addition to our senior executive officers, especially if we are competing for talent against institutions that are not subject to the same restrictions.  An unexpected loss of services of any key management personnel or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Difficult market conditions have affected us and the financial industry and may continue to adversely affect us in the future.

 

Dramatic declines in the housing market over the past few years, with decreasing home prices and increasing delinquencies and foreclosures, have negatively impacted the credit performance of mortgage and commercial real estate loans and resulted in significant write-downs of assets by many financial institutions

 

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across the United States.  General downward economic trends, reduced availability of commercial credit and historically elevated unemployment have negatively impacted the credit performance of commercial and consumer credit, resulting in additional write-downs.  Concerns over the stability of the financial markets and the economy have resulted in decreased lending by many financial institutions to their customers and to each other.  These conditions have led to increased commercial and consumer deficiencies, lack of customer confidence, increased market volatility and widespread reductions in general business activity.  Financial institutions have also generally experienced decreased borrowings.  The resulting economic pressure on consumers and has adversely affected our industry and may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.  A worsening of these conditions would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the financial institutions industry.  In particular, we may face the following risks in connection with these events:

 

·                  Our ability to assess the creditworthiness of our customers may be impaired if the models and approaches we use to select, manage and underwrite the loans become less predictive of future behaviors.

 

·                  The models we use to estimate losses inherent in our credit exposure requires difficult, subjective and complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions and how such economic conditions might impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans.  The level of uncertainty concerning economic conditions may adversely affect the accuracy of our estimates, which may, in turn, impact the reliability of the models.

 

·                  Our ability to borrow from other financial institutions or to engage in sales of mortgage loans to third parties on favorable terms, or at all, could be adversely affected by further disruptions in the capital markets or other events, including deteriorating investor expectations.

 

·                  Competitive dynamics in the industry could change as a result of consolidation of financial services companies in connection with current market conditions.

 

·                  The value of the portfolio of investment securities that we hold may be adversely affected.

 

·                  We expect to face increased regulation of our industry especially as a result of increased rule making called for by the Dodd-Frank Act, and compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities.

 

·                  Customer demand for loans secured by real estate could continue to be weak or even be reduced due to the continuing economic conditions and a lack of meaningful improvement.

 

·                  We expect to face increased capital requirements, both at the Company and the Bank.  In this regard, the Collins Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act requires the federal banking agencies to establish minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements that will apply to both insured banks and their holding companies.

 

If levels of market disruption and volatility continue or worsen, there can be no assurance that we will not experience an adverse effect, which may be material, on our ability to access capital and on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our business is concentrated in and dependent upon the welfare of several counties in Illinois and the State of Illinois.

 

Our primary market area is Aurora, Illinois, and its surrounding communities as well as southwestern Cook County.  The city of Aurora is located in northeastern Illinois, approximately 40 miles west of Chicago.  The Bank operates primarily in Kane, Kendall, DeKalb, DuPage, LaSalle, Will and Cook Counties in Illinois, and, as a result, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows are subject to changes and

 

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fluctuations in the economic conditions in those areas.  We have developed a strong presence in the counties we serve, with particular concentration in Aurora, Illinois, and surrounding communities.  The Bank offers banking services for retail, commercial, industrial, and public entity customers in the Aurora, North Aurora, Batavia, St. Charles, Burlington, Elburn, Elgin, Maple Park, Kaneville, Sugar Grove, Lisle, Joliet, Yorkville, Plano, Wasco, DeKalb, Ottawa, Oswego, Sycamore, New Lenox, Frankfort, and Chicago Heights communities and surrounding areas.  The Bank also offers complete trust investment management and other fiduciary services and, through a registered broker/dealer, provides stocks, bonds, securities, annuities, and non-FDIC insured mutual funds.

 

The communities that we serve grew rapidly over the past decade and we intend to continue concentrating our business efforts in these communities.  Our future success is largely dependent upon the overall economic health of these communities.  However, since late 2007, the United States economy has generally experienced difficult economic conditions.  Weak economic conditions are characterized by, among other indicators, deflation, unemployment, fluctuations in debt and equity capital markets, increased delinquencies on mortgage, commercial and consumer loans, residential and commercial real estate price declines and lower home sales and commercial activity.  All of those factors are generally detrimental to our business.  If the overall economic conditions fail to significantly improve or decline further, particularly within our primary market areas, we could experience a lack of demand for our products and services, an increase in loan delinquencies and defaults and high or increased levels of problem assets and foreclosures.  Moreover, because of our geographic concentration, we are less able than other regional or national financial institutions to diversify our credit risks across multiple markets.

 

Similarly, we have credit exposure to entities or in industries that could be impacted by the continued financial difficulties at the State level.  Exposure to health care, construction and social services organizations has been reviewed to evaluate credit impact from a possible reorganization of state finances.  Credit downgrades, partial charge-offs and specific reserves could develop in this exposure with resulting impact on our financial condition if the State of Illinois encounters more severe payment issuance capabilities.

 

Legislative and regulatory reforms applicable to the financial services industry may, if enacted or adopted, have a significant impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law, which requires significant changes to the regulation of financial institutions and the financial services industry.  The Dodd-Frank Act, together with the regulations developed and to be developed thereunder, included provisions affecting large and small financial institutions alike, including several provisions that will affect how community banks, thrifts and small bank and thrift holding companies will be regulated in the future.

 

Ultimately, the Dodd-Frank Act will, among other things, impose new capital requirements on bank holding companies; change the base for FDIC insurance assessments to a bank’s average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity, rather than upon its deposit base, and permanently raise the standard deposit insurance limit to $250,000; and expand the FDIC’s authority to raise insurance premiums.  The legislation also calls for the FDIC to raise the ratio of reserves to deposits from 1.15% to 1.35% for deposit insurance purposes by September 30, 2020 and to “offset the effect” of increased assessments on insured depository institutions with assets of less than $10 billion.  The Dodd-Frank Act also authorized the Federal Reserve to limit interchange fees payable on debit card transactions, established the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection as an independent entity within the Federal Reserve, with broad rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement authority over consumer financial products and services, including deposit products, residential mortgages, home-equity loans and credit cards, and contained provisions on mortgage-related matters, such as steering incentives, determinations as to a borrower’s ability to repay and prepayment penalties. The Dodd-Frank Act also includes provisions that have affected, and may further affect in the future, corporate governance and executive compensation at all publicly-traded companies.

 

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The Collins Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, eliminates certain trust preferred securities from Tier 1 capital, but certain trust preferred securities issued prior to May 19, 2010 by bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of $15 billion or less will continue to be included in Tier 1 capital.  This provision also requires the federal banking agencies to establish minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements that will apply to both insured banks and their holding companies.  Regulations implementing the Collins Amendment have not yet been issued.

 

These provisions, or any other aspects of current or proposed regulatory or legislative changes to laws applicable to the financial industry, if enacted or adopted, may change banking laws and our operating environment and that of our subsidiaries in substantial and unpredictable ways.  Such changes may impact the profitability of our business activities or change certain of our business practices, including the ability to offer new products, obtain financing, attract deposits, make loans, and achieve satisfactory interest spreads, and could expose us to additional costs, including increased compliance costs.  These changes also may require us to invest significant management attention and resources to make any necessary changes to operations in order to comply and could therefore also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  Our management continues to stay abreast of developments with respect to the Dodd-Frank Act, many provisions of which will continue to be phased-in over the next several months and years, and continues to assess its impact on our operations.  However, the ultimate effect of the Dodd-Frank Act on the financial services industry in general, and us in particular, is uncertain at this time.

 

Monetary policies and regulations of the Federal Reserve could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

In addition to being affected by general economic conditions, our earnings and growth are affected by the policies of the Federal Reserve.  An important function of the Federal Reserve is to regulate the money supply and credit conditions.  Among the instruments used by the Federal Reserve to implement these objectives are open market operations in U.S. government securities, adjustments of the discount rate and changes in reserve requirements against bank deposits.  These instruments are used in varying combinations to influence overall economic growth and the distribution of credit, bank loans, investments and deposits.  Their use also affects interest rates charged on loans or paid on deposits.

 

The monetary policies and regulations of the Federal Reserve have had a significant effect on the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future.  The effects of such policies upon our business, financial condition and results of operations cannot be predicted.

 

Interest rate shifts may reduce net interest income and otherwise negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Shifts in short-term interest rates may reduce net interest income, which is the principal component of our earnings.  We have measurement processes in place to help us manage this potential variability in our net interest income.  Those measurements indicate that we will realize an expansion in net interest income if interest rates rise, primarily because rates on assets will increase faster than rates on deposits.  The relationship between short term and long term rates, often called the yield curve shape, can also impact net interest income.  Generally, when the difference between short term and long term rates is small (a flatter yield curve), net interest income will be reduced.  Net interest income will tend to increase when the difference between short term and long term rates increases (i.e. a steeper yield curve).

 

Interest rate increases often result in larger payment requirements for our borrowers, which consequently increases the potential for default.  At the same time, the marketability of the underlying property may be adversely affected by any reduced demand resulting from higher interest rates.  In a low or declining interest rate environment, there may be an increase in prepayments on the loans underlying our participation interests as borrowers refinance their mortgages at lower rates.

 

Changes in interest rates also can affect the value of loans, securities and other assets.  An increase in

 

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interest rates that adversely affects the ability of borrowers to pay the principal or interest on loans may lead to an increase in nonperforming assets and a reduction of income recognized, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.  Thus, an increase in the amount of nonperforming assets would have an adverse impact on net interest income.

 

If short-term interest rates remain at their historically low levels for a prolonged period, and assuming long-term interest rates fall further, we could experience net interest margin compression as our interest earning assets would continue to reprice downward while our interest bearing liability rates could fail to decline in tandem.  This may have a material adverse effect on our net interest income and our results of operations.

 

Our ability to pay dividends is subject to certain limitations and restrictions, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to continue paying the same level of dividends in the future that we paid prior to 2010 or that we will be able to pay future dividends at all.

 

Our ability to pay dividends is limited by regulatory restrictions and the need to maintain sufficient consolidated capital.  The ability of the Bank to pay dividends to us is limited by its obligations to maintain sufficient capital and liquidity and by other general restrictions on dividends that are applicable to the Bank, including the requirement under the National Bank Act that it may not pay dividends in any calendar year that, in the aggregate, exceed its year-to-date net income plus its retained net income for the two preceding years.  Currently, the Bank is unable to pay dividends to the Company without the OCC’s prior approval and a statement of no objection from the Federal Reserve.  In light of the current financial condition of the Bank, we do not believe the OCC will grant broad dividend approval in the near future.

 

In addition, as a bank holding company, our ability to declare and pay dividends is subject to the guidelines of the Federal Reserve regarding capital adequacy and dividends.  The Federal Reserve guidelines generally require us to review the effects of the cash payment of dividends on common stock and other Tier 1 capital instruments (i.e., perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred debt) in light of our earnings, capital adequacy and financial condition.  As a general matter, the Federal Reserve indicates that the board of directors of a bank holding company should eliminate, defer or significantly reduce the dividends if:

 

·      the company’s net income available to stockholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends;

 

·      the prospective rate of earnings retention is inconsistent with the company’s capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition; or

 

·      the company will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios.

 

In light of these guidelines, we stopped paying dividends on our common stock in the third quarter of 2010.

 

Finally, as described in a separate risk factor, we will not be able to pay dividends on our common stock until all deferred interest on our junior subordinated debentures and accrued and unpaid dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock have been paid in full.

 

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The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to examinations and challenges by taxing authorities, and tax laws or interpretations of existing laws may change.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are routinely subject to examinations and challenges from federal and state taxing authorities regarding the amount of taxes due in connection with investments made and the businesses in which it has engaged.  Federal and state taxing authorities have recently become increasingly aggressive in challenging tax positions taken by financial institutions, including positions that have been taken by the Company.  These tax positions may relate to tax compliance, sales and use, franchise, gross receipts, payroll, property, or income tax issues, including tax base, apportionment, and tax credit planning.  The challenges made by taxing authorities may result in adjustments to the timing or amount of taxable income or deductions or the allocation of income among tax jurisdictions.  If any such challenges are not resolved in the Company’s favor, they could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, changes in federal and state tax laws or interpretations, including changes affecting tax rates, income not subject to tax under existing laws or interpretations, income sourcing, or consolidation and combination rules may also have an adverse impact upon the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

 

Changes in accounting standards could impact reported earnings.

 

Current accounting and tax rules, standards, policies and interpretations influence the methods by which financial institutions conduct business, implement strategic initiatives and tax compliance, and govern financial reporting and disclosures.  These laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations are constantly evolving and may change significantly over time.  A change in accounting standards may adversely affect reported financial condition and results of operations.

 

Downgrades in the credit rating of one or more insurers that provide credit enhancement for our state and municipal securities portfolio may have an adverse impact on the market for and valuation of these types of securities.

 

We invest in tax-exempt state and local municipal securities, some of which are insured by monoline insurers, which, since the economic crisis unfolded in 2008, have come under scrutiny by rating agencies.  Even though management generally purchases municipal securities on the overall credit strength of the issuer, the reduction in the credit rating of an insurer may negatively impact the market for and valuation of our investment securities.  This downgrade could adversely affect our liquidity and capital.

 

We face intense competition in all phases of our business from other banks and financial institutions.

 

The banking and financial services business in our market is highly competitive.  Our competitors include large regional banks, local community banks, savings and loan associations, securities and brokerage companies, mortgage companies, insurance companies, finance companies, money market mutual funds, credit unions, farm credit services and other nonbank financial service providers.  Many of these competitors are not subject to the same regulatory restrictions as we are and are able to provide customers with a feasible alternative to traditional banking services.

 

Increased competition in our market may also result in a decrease in the amounts of our loans and deposits, reduced spreads between loan rates and deposit rates or loan terms that are more favorable to the borrower.  Any of these results could have a material adverse effect on our ability to grow and remain profitable.  If increased competition causes us to significantly discount the interest rates we offer on loans or increase the amount we pay on deposits, our net interest income could be adversely impacted.  If increased competition causes us to relax our underwriting standards, we could be exposed to higher losses from lending activities.  Additionally, many of our competitors are much larger in total assets and capitalization, have greater access to capital markets, possess larger lending limits and offer a broader range of financial services than we can offer.

 

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We have a continuing need for technological change and we may not have the resources to effectively implement new technology.

 

The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services.  In addition to better serving customers, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to reduce costs.  Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to address the needs of our customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands for convenience as well as to create additional efficiencies in our operations as we continue to grow and expand our market area.  Many of our larger competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements.  As a result, they may be able to offer additional or superior products to those that we will be able to offer, which would put us at a competitive disadvantage.  Accordingly, we cannot provide you with assurance that we will be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing such products and services to our customers.

 

System failure or breaches of our network security could subject us to increased operating costs as well as to litigation and other liabilities.

 

The computer systems and network infrastructure we use could be vulnerable to unforeseen problems.  Our operations are dependent upon our ability to protect our computer equipment against damage from physical theft, fire, power loss, telecommunications failure or a similar catastrophic event, as well as from security breaches, denial of service attacks, viruses, worms and other disruptive problems caused by hackers.  Any damage or failure that causes an interruption in our operations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.  Computer break-ins, phishing and other disruptions could also jeopardize the security of information stored in and transmitted through our computer systems and network infrastructure, which may result in significant liability to us and may cause existing and potential customers to refrain from doing business with us.  Although we, with the help of third-party service providers, intend to continue to implement security technology and establish operational procedures to prevent such damage, there can be no assurance that these security measures will be successful.  In addition, advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the algorithms we and our third-party service providers use to encrypt and protect customer transaction data.  A failure of such security measures could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

We are subject to certain operational risks, including, but not limited to, customer or employee fraud and data processing system failures and errors.

 

Employee errors and employee and customer misconduct could subject us to financial losses or regulatory sanctions and seriously harm our reputation.  Misconduct by our employees could include hiding unauthorized activities from us, improper or unauthorized activities on behalf of our customers or improper use of confidential information.  It is not always possible to prevent employee errors and misconduct, and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in all cases.  Employee errors could also subject us to financial claims for negligence.

 

We maintain a system of internal controls and insurance coverage to mitigate against operational risks, including data processing system failures and errors and customer or employee fraud.  Should our internal controls fail to prevent or detect an occurrence, or if any resulting loss is not insured or exceeds applicable insurance limits, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None

 

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Item 2. Properties

 

We conduct our business at 27 retail banking center locations.  We own 25 of our banking center facilities.  The two leasehold facilities are leased through March 2012 (with lease negotiations in process) and August 2016, respectively.  All of our branches have ATMs, and we have 51 additional ATMs at other locations throughout Northeastern Illinois.  We believe that all of our p