UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
April 24, 2013
Date of Report (date of earliest event reported)
APPLE INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
California | 000-10030 | 94-2404110 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) |
(Commission File Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, California 95014 |
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) |
(408) 996-1010
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
¨ | Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
¨ | Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
¨ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
¨ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
Item 8.01 | Other Events. |
Apple Inc. (the Company) is filing herewith updated financial statements and other affected financial information for the periods included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012. These financial statements and other affected financial information have been updated to reflect changes made in fiscal year 2013 to the Companys reportable operating segment data and categorization of product-level net sales reporting, and the presentation of comprehensive income as a separate financial statement.
In fiscal year 2013, the Company established a new reportable operating segment, Greater China, which was previously included in the Asia-Pacific segment. As a result of this change, the Company now has the following reportable operating segments: Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan, Rest of Asia Pacific, and Retail. Additionally, the Company began allocating certain manufacturing costs and variances, including costs related to product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, to its operating segments, instead of classifying these costs and variances in other corporate expenses.
In fiscal year 2013, the Company adopted amended accounting standards that change the presentation of comprehensive income. These standards increase the prominence of other comprehensive income (OCI) by eliminating the option to present components of OCI as part of the statement of changes in shareholders equity and requires the components of OCI to be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two consecutive statements. The amended accounting standards only impact the financial statement presentation of OCI and do not change the components that are recognized in net income or OCI; accordingly, the adoption had no impact on the Companys financial position or results of operations.
Pursuant to guidance provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Company has updated the applicable items that were contained in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, (Form 10-K) reflecting the above mentioned changes in Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in Exhibits No. 99.1 and No. 99.2 filed in this Current Report on Form 8-K (Form 8-K), respectively. The information included in this Form 8-K is presented for information purposes only in connection with the change in the Companys reportable operating segment data and the other items referred to above. There is no change to the Companys previously reported Consolidated Statements of Operations, Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in the Form 10-K.
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Item 9.01 | Financial Statements and Exhibits. |
(d) | Exhibits. |
The following exhibits are furnished herewith:
Exhibit Number |
Description | |
23.1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | |
99.1 | Updated Part II, Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, from Apple Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2012. | |
99.2 | Updated Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, from Apple Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2012. | |
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document. | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
APPLE INC. | ||||||||
Date: April 24, 2013 | By: | /s/ Peter Oppenheimer | ||||||
Peter Oppenheimer Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number |
Description | |
23.1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | |
99.1 | Updated Part II, Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, from Apple Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2012. | |
99.2 | Updated Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, from Apple Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2012. | |
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document. | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |
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Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Forms S-8 (333-184706, 333-180981, 333-179189, 333-75930, 333-125148, 333-146026, 333-165214, and 333-168279) pertaining to various stock incentive plans of Apple Inc. of our report dated October 31, 2012 (except for the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Note 8Segment Information and Geographic Data, as to which the date is April 24, 2013) with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Apple Inc., included in this Current Report on Form 8-K.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
San Jose, California
April 24, 2013
Exhibit 99.1
Item 7. | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
This Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and other parts of this Current Report on Form 8-K (Form 8-K) contain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as future, anticipates, believes, estimates, expects, intends, plans, predicts, will, would, could, can, may, and similar terms. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Companys actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A of the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012 (Form 10-K) under the heading Risk Factors, which are incorporated herein by reference. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Form 8-K. All information presented herein is based on the Companys fiscal calendar. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years or quarters refer to the Companys fiscal years ended in September and the associated quarters of those fiscal years. Each of the terms the Company and Apple as used herein refers collectively to Apple Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated. The Company assumes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.
Executive Overview
The Company designs, manufactures, and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital music players, and sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital content and applications. The Companys products and services include iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod, Apple TV, a portfolio of consumer and professional software applications, the iOS and OS X operating systems, iCloud, and a variety of accessory, service and support offerings. The Company also sells and delivers digital content and applications through the iTunes Store, App Store, iBookstore, and Mac App Store. The Company sells its products worldwide through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. In addition, the Company sells a variety of third-party iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod compatible products, including application software, and various accessories through its online and retail stores. The Company sells to consumers; small and mid-sized businesses; and education, enterprise and government customers.
The Company is committed to bringing the best user experience to its customers through its innovative hardware, software, peripherals, and services. The Companys business strategy leverages its unique ability to design and develop its own operating systems, hardware, application software, and services to provide its customers new products and solutions with superior ease-of-use, seamless integration, and innovative design. As part of its strategy, the Company continues to expand its platform for the discovery and delivery of third-party digital content and applications through the iTunes Store. As part of the iTunes Store, the Companys App Store and iBookstore allow customers to discover and download applications and books through either a Mac or Windows-based computer or through iOS devices, namely iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. The Companys Mac App Store allows customers to easily discover, download and install Mac applications. The Company also supports a community for the development of third-party software and hardware products and digital content that complement the Companys offerings. The Companys strategy also includes expanding its distribution network to effectively reach more customers and provide them with a high-quality sales and post-sales support experience.
The Company participates in several highly competitive markets, including the market for mobile communications and media devices with its iOS devices; personal computers with its Mac computers; portable digital players with iPod; and distribution of third-party digital content and applications with the iTunes Store, App Store, iBookstore, and Mac App Store. While the Company is widely recognized as a leading innovator in the markets where it competes, these markets are highly competitive and subject to aggressive pricing. To remain competitive, the Company believes that continual investment in research and development and marketing and advertising is critical to the development and sale of innovative products and technologies. The Companys research and development spending is focused on investing in new hardware and software products, and in further developing its existing products, including iPhone, iPad, Mac, and iPod hardware; iOS and OS X operating systems; and a variety of application software and online services.
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The Company uses a variety of direct and indirect distribution channels, such as its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, and third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. The Company believes that sales of its innovative and differentiated products are enhanced by knowledgeable salespersons who can convey the value of the hardware and software integration, and demonstrate the unique solutions that are available on its products. The Company further believes providing direct contact with its targeted customers is an effective way to demonstrate the advantages of its products over those of its competitors and providing a high-quality sales and after-sales support experience is critical to attracting new and retaining existing customers. To ensure a high-quality buying experience for its products in which service and education are emphasized, the Company continues to expand and improve its distribution capabilities by expanding the number of its own retail stores worldwide. Additionally, the Company has invested in programs to enhance reseller sales by placing high quality Apple fixtures, merchandising materials and other resources within selected third-party reseller locations. Through the Apple Premium Reseller Program, certain third-party resellers focus on the Apple platform by providing a high level of integration and support services, and product expertise.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the Companys discussion and analysis of its financial condition and operating results require the Companys management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in its consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 8-K describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the Companys consolidated financial statements. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates and such differences may be material.
Management believes the Companys critical accounting policies and estimates are those related to revenue recognition, valuation and impairment of marketable securities, inventory valuation and inventory purchase commitments, warranty costs, income taxes, and legal and other contingencies. Management considers these policies critical because they are both important to the portrayal of the Companys financial condition and operating results, and they require management to make judgments and estimates about inherently uncertain matters. The Companys senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with the Audit and Finance Committee of the Companys Board of Directors.
Revenue Recognition
Net sales consist primarily of revenue from the sale of hardware, software, digital content and applications, peripherals, and service and support contracts. The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collection is probable. Product is considered delivered to the customer once it has been shipped and title and risk of loss have been transferred. For most of the Companys product sales, these criteria are met at the time the product is shipped. For online sales to individuals, for some sales to education customers in the U.S., and for certain other sales, the Company defers revenue until the customer receives the product because the Company retains a portion of the risk of loss on these sales during transit. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of hardware products, software bundled with hardware that is essential to the functionality of the hardware, and third-party digital content sold on the iTunes Store in accordance with general revenue recognition accounting guidance. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with industry specific software accounting guidance for the following types of sales transactions: (i) standalone sales of software products, (ii) sales of software upgrades and (iii) sales of software bundled with hardware not essential to the functionality of the hardware.
For multi-element arrangements that include hardware products containing software essential to the hardware products functionality, undelivered software elements that relate to the hardware products essential software, and/or undelivered non-software services, the Company allocates revenue to all deliverables based on their relative selling prices. In such circumstances, the Company uses a hierarchy to determine the selling price to be used for allocating revenue to deliverables: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE), (ii) third-party evidence of selling price (TPE) and (iii) best estimate of selling price (ESP). VSOE generally exists only when the Company sells the deliverable separately and is the price actually charged by the Company for that deliverable. ESPs reflect the Companys best estimates of what the selling prices of elements would be if they were sold regularly on a stand-alone basis.
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For sales of qualifying versions of iOS devices, Mac and Apple TV, the Company has indicated it may from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades and features free of charge to customers. The Company also provides various non-software services to owners of qualifying versions of iOS devices and Mac. Because the Company has neither VSOE nor TPE for the unspecified software upgrade rights or the non-software services, revenue is allocated to these rights and services based on the Companys ESPs. Revenue allocated to the unspecified software upgrade rights and non-software services based on the Companys ESPs is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period the software upgrades and non-software services are expected to be provided for each of these devices, which ranges from two to four years.
The Companys process for determining ESPs involves managements judgment and considers multiple factors that may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable. If the facts and circumstances underlying the factors considered change, including the estimated or actual costs incurred to provide non-software services or the estimated period the software upgrades and non-software services are expected to be provided, or should future facts and circumstances lead the Company to consider additional factors, the Companys ESPs and the future rate of related amortization for software upgrades and non-software services related to future sales of these devices could change.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated commitments related to price protection and other customer incentive programs. For transactions involving price protection, the Company recognizes revenue net of the estimated amount to be refunded, provided the refund amount can be reasonably and reliably estimated and the other conditions for revenue recognition have been met. The Companys policy requires that, if refunds cannot be reliably estimated, revenue is not recognized until reliable estimates can be made or the price protection lapses. For the Companys other customer incentive programs, the estimated cost is recognized at the later of the date at which the Company has sold the product or the date at which the program is offered. The Company also records reductions to revenue for expected future product returns based on the Companys historical experience. Future market conditions and product transitions may require the Company to increase customer incentive programs that could result in reductions to future revenue. Additionally, certain customer incentive programs require management to estimate the number of customers who will actually redeem the incentive. Managements estimates are based on historical experience and the specific terms and conditions of particular incentive programs. If a greater than estimated proportion of customers redeems such incentives, the Company would be required to record additional reductions to revenue, which would have an adverse impact on the Companys results of operations.
Valuation and Impairment of Marketable Securities
The Companys investments in available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses related to changes in the fair value of securities are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in the Companys Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value of available-for-sale securities impact the Companys net income only when such securities are sold or an other-than-temporary impairment is recognized. Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are determined by specific identification of each securitys cost basis. The Company regularly reviews its investment portfolio to determine if any security is other-than-temporarily impaired, which would require the Company to record an impairment charge in the period any such determination is made. In making this judgment, the Company evaluates, among other things, the duration and extent to which the fair value of a security is less than its cost; the financial condition of the issuer and any changes thereto; and the Companys intent to sell, or whether it will more likely than not be required to sell, the security before recovery of the its amortized cost basis. The Companys assessment on whether a security is other-than-temporarily impaired could change in the future due to new developments or changes in assumptions related to any particular security.
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Inventory Valuation and Inventory Purchase Commitments
The Company must order components for its products and build inventory in advance of product shipments. The Company records a write-down for inventories of components and products, including third-party products held for resale, which have become obsolete or are in excess of anticipated demand or net realizable value. The Company performs a detailed review of inventory each fiscal quarter that considers multiple factors including demand forecasts, product life cycle status, product development plans, current sales levels, and component cost trends. The industries in which the Company competes are subject to a rapid and unpredictable pace of product and component obsolescence and demand changes. If future demand or market conditions for the Companys products are less favorable than forecasted or if unforeseen technological changes negatively impact the utility of component inventory, the Company may be required to record additional write-downs, which would adversely affect its results of operations in the period when the write-downs were recorded.
The Company records accruals for estimated cancellation fees related to component orders that have been cancelled or are expected to be cancelled. Consistent with industry practice, the Company acquires components through a combination of purchase orders, supplier contracts, and open orders based on projected demand information. These commitments typically cover the Companys requirements for periods up to 150 days. If there is an abrupt and substantial decline in demand for one or more of the Companys products or an unanticipated change in technological requirements for any of the Companys products, the Company may be required to record additional accruals for cancellation fees that would adversely affect its results of operations in the period when the cancellation fees are identified and recorded.
Warranty Costs
The Company provides for the estimated cost of hardware and software warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized based on historical and projected warranty claim rates, historical and projected cost-per-claim, and knowledge of specific product failures that are outside of the Companys typical experience. Each quarter, the Company reevaluates its estimates to assess the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities considering the size of the installed base of products subject to warranty protection and adjusts the amounts as necessary. If actual product failure rates or repair costs differ from estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liabilities would be required and could materially affect the Companys results of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company records a tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations. The provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized.
The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Management believes it is more likely than not that forecasted income, including income that may be generated as a result of certain tax planning strategies, together with future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, will be sufficient to fully recover the deferred tax assets. In the event that the Company determines all or part of the net deferred tax assets are not realizable in the future, the Company will make an adjustment to the valuation allowance that would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of GAAP and complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with managements expectations could have a material impact on the Companys financial condition and operating results.
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Legal and Other Contingencies
As discussed in Part I, Item 3 of the Form 10-K under the heading Legal Proceedings and in this Form 8-K in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, the Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims, including those that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company records a liability when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount is reasonably estimable. There is significant judgment required in both the probability determination and as to whether an exposure can be reasonably estimated. In the opinion of management, there was not at least a reasonable possibility the Company may have incurred a material loss, or a material loss in excess of a recorded accrual, with respect to loss contingencies for legal and other contingencies. However, the outcome of legal proceedings and claims brought against the Company is subject to significant uncertainty. Therefore, although management considers the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these legal matters were resolved against the Company in a reporting period for amounts in excess of managements expectations, the Companys consolidated financial statements for that reporting period could be materially adversely affected.
Fiscal Period
The Companys fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period that ends on the last Saturday of September. The Companys fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010 ended on September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010, respectively. Fiscal year 2012 spanned 53 weeks, with a 14th week included in the first quarter of 2012, as is done approximately every six years to realign the Companys fiscal quarters more closely to calendar quarters. Inclusion of the additional week in 2012 increased the Companys overall net sales and operating expenses for the year. Fiscal years 2011 and 2010 spanned 52 weeks each. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years or quarters refer to the Companys fiscal years ended in September and the associated quarters of those fiscal years.
Net Sales
In 2013, the Company made certain changes to the presentation of its operating segment data and product-level net sales, as described below. The 2012, 2011 and 2010 presentation of this data has been reclassified to conform to the 2013 presentation.
In 2013, the Company established a new reportable operating segment, Greater China, which was previously included in its Asia-Pacific segment. The Companys reportable operating segments now consist of the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan, Rest of Asia Pacific and Retail operations.
In 2013, the Company realigned its reporting of product-level net sales. Reported net sales of the Companys hardware categories no longer include related service and accessory revenue. The Company also began reporting separate categories for iTunes, software and services, and for accessories.
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The following table shows net sales by operating segment and net sales and unit sales by product during 2012, 2011, and 2010 (dollars in millions and units in thousands):
2012 | Change | 2011 | Change | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Sales by Operating Segment: |
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Americas |
$ | 57,512 | 50% | $ | 38,315 | 56% | $ | 24,498 | ||||||||||||
Europe |
36,323 | 31% | 27,778 | 49% | 18,692 | |||||||||||||||
Greater China (a) |
22,533 | 78% | 12,690 | 320% | 3,021 | |||||||||||||||
Japan |
10,571 | 94% | 5,437 | 37% | 3,981 | |||||||||||||||
Rest of Asia Pacific |
10,741 | 8% | 9,902 | 89% | 5,235 | |||||||||||||||
Retail |
18,828 | 33% | 14,127 | 44% | 9,798 | |||||||||||||||
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Total net sales |
$ | 156,508 | 45% | $ | 108,249 | 66% | $ | 65,225 | ||||||||||||
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Net Sales by Product: |
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iPhone (b) |
$ | 78,692 | 71% | $ | 45,998 | 88% | $ | 24,463 | ||||||||||||
iPad (b) |
30,945 | 61% | 19,168 | 309% | 4,687 | |||||||||||||||
Mac (b) |
23,221 | 7% | 21,783 | 25% | 17,479 | |||||||||||||||
iPod (b) |
5,615 | (25)% | 7,453 | (10)% | 8,274 | |||||||||||||||
iTunes, software and services (c) |
12,890 | 38% | 9,373 | 32% | 7,105 | |||||||||||||||
Accessories (d) |
5,145 | 15% | 4,474 | 39% | 3,217 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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Total net sales |
$ | 156,508 | 45% | $ | 108,249 | 66% | $ | 65,225 | ||||||||||||
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Unit Sales by Product: |
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iPhone |
125,046 | 73% | 72,293 | 81% | 39,989 | |||||||||||||||
iPad |
58,310 | 80% | 32,394 | 334% | 7,458 | |||||||||||||||
Mac |
18,158 | 9% | 16,735 | 22% | 13,662 | |||||||||||||||
iPod |
35,165 | (17)% | 42,620 | (15)% | 50,312 |
(a) | Greater China includes China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. |
(b) | Includes deferrals and amortization of related non-software services and software upgrade rights. |
(c) | Includes revenue from sales on the iTunes Store, the App Store, the Mac App Store, and the iBookstore, and revenue from sales of AppleCare, licensing and other services. |
(d) | Includes sales of hardware peripherals and Apple-branded and third-party accessories for iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod. |
Fiscal Year 2012 versus 2011
Net sales during 2012 increased $48.3 billion or 45% compared to 2011. Several factors contributed positively to this increase, including the addition of a 14th week in the first quarter of 2012, as well as the following:
| iPhone net sales were $78.7 billion in 2012, representing an increase of $32.7 billion or 71% compared to 2011. iPhone unit sales totaled 125.0 million during 2012, representing an increase of 52.8 million units or 73% compared to 2011. The year-over-year growth in iPhone net sales and unit sales during 2012 reflects strong demand for iPhone in all of the Companys operating segments, except for the Rest of Asia Pacific segment. Growth in iPhone sales during 2012 is primarily a result of the launches of iPhone 4S in the first quarter of 2012 and iPhone 5 in the fourth quarter of 2012, ongoing demand for iPhone 4 and iPhone 3GS, and expanded distribution with new carriers and resellers. iPhone net sales accounted for 50% and 42% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
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| iPad net sales were $30.9 billion in 2012, representing an increase of $11.8 billion or 61% compared to 2011. Unit sales of iPad were 58.3 million during 2012, an increase of 80% from 2011. The year-over-year increase in iPad net sales and unit sales during 2012 was driven by strong demand for iPad in all of the Companys operating segments as a result of the launch of the new iPad in March 2012, continued demand for iPad 2, and expanded distribution with new resellers. The year-over-year growth rate of iPad unit sales was higher than the growth rate of iPad net sales during 2012 due to a reduction of average selling prices as a result of a shift in product mix toward lower-priced iPad models, the price reduction for iPad 2 and an increase in indirect sales due to expanded distribution through third-party resellers. iPad net sales accounted for 20% and 18% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
| Mac net sales were $23.2 billion in 2012, representing an increase of $1.4 billion or 7% compared to 2011. Mac unit sales totaled 18.2 million during 2012, representing an increase of 1.4 million or 9% compared to 2011. The year-over-year growth in Mac net sales and unit sales during 2012 reflects increased demand for Mac portables in all of the Companys operating segments driven by 2012 releases of updated models of MacBook Air and MacBook Pro, including the new MacBook Pro with Retina display in June 2012. Partially offsetting the increase in net sales of Mac portables was a decline in net sales of Mac desktops that reflected the overall decline in the market for desktop personal computers during 2012. Additionally, the Company did not introduce updated versions of its Mac desktop products in 2012. Mac net sales accounted for 15% and 20% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
| Net sales of iTunes, software and services were $12.9 billion in 2012, representing an increase of $3.5 billion or 38% compared to 2011. The increase was due primarily to growth of the iTunes Store, the App Store, and the iBookstore, which generated total net sales of $7.5 billion for 2012 compared to net sales of $5.4 billion during 2011. The year-over-year increase in iTunes, software and services reflects growth of the Companys customer base and App Store sales, and the continued expansion of third-party audio, video and book content available for sale or rent via the iTunes Store. The Company continues to expand its iTunes content and applications offerings around the world. Net sales of iTunes, software and services accounted for 8% and 9% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
Partially offsetting the positive factors contributing to the overall increase in net sales was a decrease in iPod net sales experienced across all operating segments. iPod net sales were $5.6 billion in 2012, a decrease of $1.8 billion or 25% compared to 2011. Similarly, iPod unit sales decreased by 17% in 2012 compared to 2011. Declines in net sales and unit sales of iPod reflect the continuing contraction of the overall market for MP3 players. Net sales of iPod accounted for 4% and 7% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The Company has historically experienced higher net sales in its first fiscal quarter compared to other quarters in its fiscal year due in part to holiday seasonal demand. Actual and anticipated timing of new product introductions by the Company can also significantly impact the level of net sales experienced by the Company in any particular quarter. However, neither historical seasonal patterns nor historical patterns of product introductions should be considered reliable indicators of the Companys future net sales or financial performance.
Growth in total net sales was particularly strong during the first six months of 2012, rising $34.1 billion or 66% compared to the same period in 2011. The net sales growth during the first six months of 2012 reflects the launch of iPhone 4S in the first quarter of 2012 and the Companys ability to meet demand more quickly for iPhone 4S when compared to the iPhone 4 launch. Growth during the first half of 2012 was also favorably impacted by the addition of a 14th week in the first quarter of 2012 and strong unit sales of iPad during the holiday season, resulting in a 111% increase in iPad unit sales during the first quarter of 2012 compared to the same quarter in 2011.
Fiscal Year 2011 versus 2010
Net sales during 2011 increased $43.0 billion or 66% compared to 2010. Several factors contributed positively to this increase, including the following:
| iPhone net sales were $46.0 billion in 2011, representing an increase of $21.5 billion or 88% compared to 2010. iPhone unit sales totaled 72.3 million during 2011, representing an increase of 32.3 million units or 81% compared to 2010. iPhone year-over-year net sales growth reflected strong demand for iPhone 4 in all of the Companys operating segments. The expanded U.S. distribution of iPhone to the Verizon Wireless network beginning in February 2011, continued expansion into new countries, and increased distribution with other new carriers and resellers also contributed to the year-over-year growth of iPhone. iPhone net sales accounted for 42% and 38% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively. |
7
| iPad net sales were $19.2 billion in 2011, representing an increase of $14.5 billion or 309% compared to 2010. The Company introduced iPad in the third quarter of 2010. Unit sales of iPad were 32.4 million during 2011, an increase of 334% from 2010. The year-over-year unit growth and net sales growth were driven by strong iPad demand in all of the Companys operating segments. iPad net sales accounted for 18% and 7% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively. |
| Mac net sales were $21.8 billion in 2011, representing an increase of $4.3 billion or 25% compared to 2010. Mac unit sales increased by 3.1 million or 22% in 2011 compared to 2010. The year-over-year growth in Mac net sales and unit sales was due primarily to higher demand in all of the Companys operating segments for MacBook Air and MacBook Pro, which were updated in July 2011 and February 2011, respectively. Mac net sales accounted for 20% and 27% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively. |
| Net sales of iTunes, software and services were $9.4 billion in 2011, representing an increase of $2.3 billion or 32% compared to 2010. The increase in iTunes, software and services was largely driven by App Store expansion into new countries that contributed to strong growth in all of the Companys geographic segments. During 2011, net sales for the iTunes Store, App Store, and iBookstore were $5.4 billion, representing an increase of 33% compared to 2010. The Company believes this continued growth was the result of heightened consumer interest in downloading third-party digital content, continued growth in its customer base of iOS devices, expansion of third-party audio and video content available via the iTunes Store, and continued interest in and growth of the App Store. Net sales of iTunes, software and services accounted for 9% and 11% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively. |
Partially offsetting the positive factors contributing to the overall increase in net sales was a decrease in iPod net sales of $821 million or 10% during 2011 compared to 2010. Similarly, iPod unit sales decreased by 15% in 2011 compared to 2010. Net sales of iPod accounted for 7% and 13% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Segment Operating Performance
The Company manages its business primarily on a geographic basis. The Companys reportable operating segments consist of the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan, Rest of Asia Pacific and Retail operations. The Americas segment includes both North and South America. The Europe segment includes European countries, as well as the Middle East and Africa. The Greater China segment includes China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment includes Australia and Asian countries, other than Japan and those countries included in the Greater China segment. The Retail segment operates Apple retail stores in 13 countries, including the U.S. The results of the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan and Rest of Asia Pacific segments do not include results of the Retail segment. Each operating segment provides similar hardware and software products and similar services. Further information regarding the Companys operating segments may be found in this Form 8-K in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Note 8, Segment Information and Geographic Data.
Americas
Net sales in the Americas segment increased $19.2 billion or 50% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was primarily driven by increased demand for iPhone following the launches of iPhone 4S and iPhone 5, strong demand for the new iPad and iPad 2, and higher sales from the iTunes Store. The Americas segment represented 37% and 35% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Net sales in the Americas segment increased $13.8 billion or 56% during 2011 compared to 2010. The primary contributors to the growth in net sales was a significant year-over-year increase in iPhone sales from carrier expansion and strong demand for iPhone 4 and increased sales of iPad and Mac, partially offset by a decrease in iPod sales. Higher sales of third-party digital content and applications from the iTunes Store also drove an increase in net sales during 2011. The Americas segment represented 35% and 37% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
8
Europe
Net sales in the Europe segment increased $8.5 billion or 31% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was primarily driven by strong demand for the new iPad and iPad 2, higher sales from the iTunes Store and increased demand for iPhone from the launch of iPhone 4S. iPhone 5 was launched in a limited number of countries in the Europe segment at the end of the fourth quarter of 2012 and therefore did not contribute to the growth in net sales in the Europe segment to the same extent as it did in the Americas, Greater China and Japan segments. Net sales in the Europe segment were also negatively impacted by the regions uncertain economic conditions and the strength in the U.S. dollar relative to several European currencies, including the euro. The Europe segment represented 23% and 26% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Net sales in the Europe segment increased $9.1 billion or 49% during 2011 compared to 2010. The increase in net sales during 2011 was attributable primarily to the continued year-over-year increase in iPhone sales from carrier expansion and strong demand for iPhone 4, and increased sales of iPad and Mac, partially offset by a decrease in iPod sales. The Europe segment represented 26% and 29% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Greater China
Net sales in the Greater China segment increased $9.8 billion or 78% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was mainly due to increased demand for iPhone from the launch of iPhone 4S and strong demand for the new iPad and iPad 2. Growth in the Greater China segment was affected by the timing of iPhone and iPad product launches. iPhone 5 was not launched in China during 2012, and the new iPad that was introduced by the Company in March 2012 was not launched in China until the fourth quarter of 2012. The Greater China segment represented 14% and 12% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Net sales in the Greater China segment increased $9.7 billion or 320% during 2011 compared to 2010. The growth in net sales during 2011 was due primarily to particularly strong demand for iPhone and iPad, and increased sales of Mac. The Greater China segment represented 12% and 5% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Japan
Net sales in the Japan segment increased $5.1 billion or 94% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was primarily driven by increased demand for iPhone following the launches of iPhone 4S and iPhone 5, expanded distribution with a new iPhone carrier, strong demand for the new iPad and iPad 2, higher sales from the iTunes Store, and strength in the Japanese Yen relative to the U.S. dollar. The Japan segment represented 7% and 5% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Net sales in the Japan segment increased $1.5 billion or 37% during 2011 compared to 2010. The key contributors to Japans net sales growth were increased iPhone sales, strong sales of iPad, increased sales of Mac, and strength in the Japanese Yen relative to the U.S. dollar. The Japan segment represented 5% and 6% of the Companys total net sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Rest of Asia Pacific
Net sales in the Rest of Asia Pacific segment increased $839 million or 8% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was mainly due to strong demand for the new iPad. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment experienced significantly lower year-over-year growth in net sales compared to all of the Companys other operating segments due primarily to a decrease in iPhone sales. This decrease reflects the timing of iPhone 5 launches in the Rest of Asia Pacific segment, which only occurred in a limited number of countries during the fourth quarter of 2012. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment represented 7% and 9% of the Companys total net sales in both 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Net sales in the Rest of Asia Pacific segment increased $4.7 billion or 89% during 2011 compared to 2010. Higher net sales in the Rest of Asia Pacific segment were due mainly to the increase in iPhone sales given the strong demand for iPhone 4 and carrier expansion, strong sales of iPad, and increased Mac sales. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment represented 9% and 8% of the Companys total net sales in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
9
Retail
Net sales in the Retail segment increased $4.7 billion or 33% during 2012 compared to 2011. The growth in net sales during 2012 was driven primarily by increased demand for iPhone following the launches of iPhone 4S and iPhone 5, strong demand for the new iPad and iPad 2, and higher Mac net sales. The lower year-over-year growth in net sales experienced by the Retail segment during 2012 compared to the Companys overall growth rate reflects the significant expansion in iPad indirect distribution. The Retail segment accounted for 12% and 13% of the Companys total net sales for 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The Company opened 33 new retail stores during 2012, 28 of which were outside the U.S., ending the year with 390 stores open compared to 357 stores at the end of 2011. As of September 29, 2012, the Company had a total of 250 U.S. retail stores and 140 international retail stores. With an average of 365 stores and 326 stores during 2012 and 2011, respectively, average revenue per store increased 19% to $51.5 million in 2012 compared to $43.3 million in 2011.
Net sales in the Retail segment increased $4.3 billion or 44% during 2011 compared to 2010. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by strong demand for iPad, higher Mac sales, and an increase in iPhone sales. The Company opened 40 new retail stores during 2011, 28 of which were outside the U.S., ending the year with 357 stores open compared to 317 stores at the end of 2010. As of September 24, 2011, the Company had a total of 245 U.S. retail stores and 112 international retail stores. During 2011, the Company had an average of 326 stores compared to an average of 288 stores during 2010. The average revenue per store increased 27% to $43.3 million in 2011 compared to $34.1 million in 2010. The Retail segment represented 13% and 15% of the Companys total net sales in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Retail segments operating income was $4.6 billion, $3.1 billion, and $2.2 billion during 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. These year-over-year increases in Retail operating income were primarily attributable to higher overall net sales that resulted in significantly higher average revenue per store during the respective years.
Gross Margin
Gross margin for 2012, 2011 and 2010 are as follows (in millions, except gross margin percentages):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 156,508 | $ | 108,249 | $ | 65,225 | ||||||
Cost of sales |
87,846 | 64,431 | 39,541 | |||||||||
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Gross margin |
$ | 68,662 | $ | 43,818 | $ | 25,684 | ||||||
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Gross margin percentage |
43.9% | 40.5% | 39.4% |
The gross margin percentage in 2012 was 43.9%, compared to 40.5% in 2011. This year-over-year increase in gross margin was largely driven by lower commodity and other product costs, a higher mix of iPhone sales, and improved leverage on fixed costs from higher net sales. The increase in gross margin was partially offset by the impact of a stronger U.S. dollar. The gross margin percentage during the first half of 2012 was 45.9% compared to 41.4% during the second half of 2012. The primary drivers of higher gross margin in the first half of 2012 compared to the second half are a higher mix of iPhone sales and improved leverage on fixed costs from higher net sales. Additionally, gross margin in the second half of 2012 was also affected by the introduction of new products with flat pricing that have higher cost structures and deliver greater value to customers, price reductions on certain existing products, higher transition costs associated with product launches, and continued strengthening of the U.S. dollar; partially offset by lower commodity costs.
The gross margin percentage in 2011 was 40.5%, compared to 39.4% in 2010. This year-over-year increase in gross margin was largely driven by lower commodity and other product costs.
The Company expects to experience decreases in its gross margin percentage in future periods, as compared to levels achieved during 2012, and the Company anticipates gross margin of about 36% during the first quarter of 2013. Expected future declines in gross margin are largely due to a higher mix of new and innovative products with flat or reduced pricing that have higher cost structures and deliver greater value to customers and anticipated component cost and other cost increases. Future strengthening of the U.S. dollar could further negatively impact gross margin.
10
The foregoing statements regarding the Companys expected gross margin percentage in future periods, including the first quarter of 2013, are forward-looking and could differ from actual results because of several factors including, but not limited to those set forth above in Part I, Item 1A of the Form 10-K under the heading Risk Factors and those described in this paragraph. In general, gross margins and margins on individual products will remain under downward pressure due to a variety of factors, including continued industry wide global product pricing pressures, increased competition, compressed product life cycles, product transitions and potential increases in the cost of components, as well as potential increases in the costs of outside manufacturing services and a potential shift in the Companys sales mix towards products with lower gross margins. In response to competitive pressures, the Company expects it will continue to take product pricing actions, which would adversely affect gross margins. Gross margins could also be affected by the Companys ability to manage product quality and warranty costs effectively and to stimulate demand for certain of its products. Due to the Companys significant international operations, financial results can be significantly affected in the short-term by fluctuations in exchange rates.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for 2012, 2011, and 2010 are as follows (in millions, except for percentages):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Research and development |
$ | 3,381 | $ | 2,429 | $ | 1,782 | ||||||
Percentage of net sales |
2% | 2% | 3% | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
$ | 10,040 | $ | 7,599 | $ | 5,517 | ||||||
Percentage of net sales |
6% | 7% | 8% |
Research and Development (R&D) Expense
R&D expense increased $952 million or 39% in 2012 compared to 2011 and $647 million or 36% in 2011 compared to 2010. The growth in R&D expense was driven by an increase in headcount and related expenses to support expanded R&D activities. Although total R&D expense increased 39% and 36% in 2012 and 2011, respectively, it remained fairly consistent as a percentage of net sales.
The Company continues to believe that focused investments in R&D are critical to its future growth and competitive position in the marketplace and are directly related to timely development of new and enhanced products that are central to the Companys core business strategy. As such, the Company expects to make further investments in R&D to remain competitive.
Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) Expense
SG&A expense increased $2.4 billion or 32% during 2012 compared to 2011 and $2.1 billion or 38% during 2011 compared to 2010. These increases were primarily due to the Companys continued expansion of its Retail segment, increased headcount and related expenses, higher spending on professional services, marketing and advertising programs, and increased variable costs associated with the overall growth of the Companys net sales.
Other Income and Expense
Other income and expense for 2012, 2011, and 2010 are as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Interest and dividend income |
$ | 1,088 | $ | 519 | $ | 311 | ||||||
Other expense, net |
(566 | ) | (104 | ) | (156 | ) | ||||||
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Total other income/(expense), net |
$ | 522 | $ | 415 | $ | 155 | ||||||
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Total other income and expense increased $107 million or 26% to $522 million during 2012 compared to $415 million and $155 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. The year-over-year increase in other income and expense during 2012 was due primarily to higher interest and dividend income on the Companys higher cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances, partially offset by higher premium expenses on foreign exchange contracts. The overall increase in other income and expense in 2011 compared to 2010 was attributable to higher interest income and net realized gains on sales of marketable securities. The weighted average interest rate earned by the Company on its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities was 1.03%, 0.77%, and 0.75% during 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. During 2012, 2011, and 2010, the Company had no debt outstanding and accordingly did not incur any related interest expense.
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Provision for Income Taxes
The Companys effective tax rates were approximately 25.2%, 24.2%, and 24.4% for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The Companys effective rates for these periods differ from the statutory federal income tax rate of 35% due primarily to certain undistributed foreign earnings for which no U.S. taxes are provided because such earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S.
As of September 29, 2012, the Company had deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences, tax losses, and tax credits of $4.0 billion, and deferred tax liabilities of $14.9 billion. Management believes it is more likely than not that forecasted income, including income that may be generated as a result of certain tax planning strategies, together with future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, will be sufficient to fully recover the deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to evaluate the realizability of deferred tax assets quarterly by assessing the need for and amount of a valuation allowance.
The Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) has completed its field audit of the Companys federal income tax returns for the years 2004 through 2006 and proposed certain adjustments. The Company has contested certain of these adjustments through the IRS Appeals Office. The IRS is currently examining the years 2007 through 2009. All IRS audit issues for years prior to 2004 have been resolved. In addition, the Company is subject to audits by state, local, and foreign tax authorities. Management believes that adequate provisions have been made for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues addressed in the Companys tax audits are resolved in a manner not consistent with managements expectations, the Company could be required to adjust its provision for income taxes in the period such resolution occurs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table presents selected financial information and statistics as of and for the years ended September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities |
$ | 121,251 | $ | 81,570 | $ | 51,011 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
$ | 10,930 | $ | 5,369 | $ | 5,510 | ||||||
Inventories |
$ | 791 | $ | 776 | $ | 1,051 | ||||||
Working capital |
$ | 19,111 | $ | 17,018 | $ | 20,956 | ||||||
Annual operating cash flow |
$ | 50,856 | $ | 37,529 | $ | 18,595 |
As of September 29, 2012, the Company had $121.3 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, an increase of $39.7 billion or 49% from September 24, 2011. The principal components of this net increase was the cash generated by operating activities of $50.9 billion, which was partially offset by payments for acquisition of property, plant and equipment of $8.3 billion, payments for acquisition of intangible assets of $1.1 billion and payments of dividends and dividend equivalent rights of $2.5 billion.
The Companys marketable securities investment portfolio is invested primarily in highly-rated securities and its investment policy generally limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The policy requires investments generally to be investment grade with the objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss. As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, $82.6 billion and $54.3 billion, respectively, of the Companys cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were held by foreign subsidiaries and are generally based in U.S. dollar-denominated holdings. Amounts held by foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to U.S. income taxation on repatriation to the U.S. The Company believes its existing balances of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to satisfy its working capital needs, capital asset purchases, outstanding commitments, common stock repurchases, dividends on its common stock, and other liquidity requirements associated with its existing operations over the next 12 months.
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Capital Assets
The Companys capital expenditures were $10.3 billion during 2012, consisting of $865 million for retail store facilities and $9.5 billion for other capital expenditures, including product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, and other corporate facilities and infrastructure. The Companys actual cash payments for capital expenditures during 2012 were $8.3 billion.
The Company anticipates utilizing approximately $10 billion for capital expenditures during 2013, including approximately $850 million for retail store facilities and approximately $9.15 billion for other capital expenditures, including product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, and corporate facilities and infrastructure, including information systems hardware, software and enhancements.
During 2013, the Company expects to open about 30 to 35 new retail stores, with approximately three-quarters located outside of the U.S.
Dividend and Stock Repurchase Program
In March 2012, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a dividend policy pursuant to which it plans to pay, subject to subsequent declaration, quarterly dividends of $2.65 per share. The Company expects to pay approximately $2.5 billion each quarter in conjunction with the quarterly declared dividends.
In March 2012, the Companys Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $10 billion of the Companys common stock beginning in 2013. The repurchase program is expected to be executed over a three-year period with the primary objective of neutralizing the impact of dilution from future employee equity grants and employee stock purchase programs. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any specific number of shares. The Company anticipates that it will utilize approximately $45 billion of domestic cash to pay dividends, repurchase shares, and to remit withheld taxes related to net share settlement of restricted stock units in the first three years of the dividend and stock repurchase programs. The Company anticipates the cash used for future dividends and the repurchase program will come primarily from current domestic cash and from on-going U.S. operating activities and the cash generated from such activities.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The Company has not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby the Company has financial guarantees, subordinated retained interests, derivative instruments, or other contingent arrangements that expose the Company to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk, or credit risk support to the Company.
The following table presents certain payments due by the Company under contractual obligations with minimum firm commitments as of September 29, 2012 and excludes amounts already recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in millions):
Total | Payments Due in Less Than 1 Year |
Payments Due in 1-3 Years |
Payments Due in 4-5 Years |
Payments Due in More Than 5 Years |
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Operating leases |
$ | 4,414 | $ | 516 | $ | 1,098 | $ | 999 | $ | 1,801 | ||||||||||
Purchase obligations |
21,053 | 21,053 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Other obligations |
988 | 937 | 49 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
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Total |
$ | 26,455 | $ | 22,506 | $ | 1,147 | $ | 1,001 | $ | 1,801 | ||||||||||
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Lease Commitments
The Companys major facility leases are typically for terms not exceeding 10 years and generally provide renewal options for terms not exceeding five additional years. Leases for retail space are for terms ranging from five to 20 years, the majority of which are for 10 years, and often contain multi-year renewal options. As of September 29, 2012, the Companys total future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases were $4.4 billion, of which $3.1 billion related to leases for retail space.
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Purchase Commitments with Outsourcing Partners and Component Suppliers
The Company utilizes several outsourcing partners to manufacture sub-assemblies for the Companys products and to perform final assembly and testing of finished products. These outsourcing partners acquire components and build product based on demand information supplied by the Company, which typically covers periods up to 150 days. The Company also obtains individual components for its products from a wide variety of individual suppliers. Consistent with industry practice, the Company acquires components through a combination of purchase orders, supplier contracts, and open orders based on projected demand information. As of September 29, 2012, the Company had outstanding off-balance sheet third-party manufacturing commitments and component purchase commitments of $21.1 billion.
Other Obligations
In addition to the off-balance sheet commitments mentioned above, the Company had outstanding obligations of $988 million as of September 29, 2012, that were comprised mainly of commitments to acquire capital assets, including product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, and commitments related to advertising, research and development, Internet and telecommunications services and other obligations.
The Companys other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist primarily of deferred tax liabilities, gross unrecognized tax benefits and the related gross interest and penalties. As of September 29, 2012, the Company had non-current deferred tax liabilities of $13.8 billion. Additionally, as of September 29, 2012, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $2.1 billion and an additional $401 million for gross interest and penalties classified as non-current liabilities. At this time, the Company is unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with these tax liabilities; therefore, such amounts are not included in the above contractual obligation table.
Indemnification
The Company generally does not indemnify end-users of its operating system and application software against legal claims that the software infringes third-party intellectual property rights. Other agreements entered into by the Company sometimes include indemnification provisions under which the Company could be subject to costs and/or damages in the event of an infringement claim against the Company or an indemnified third-party. However, the Company has not been required to make any significant payments resulting from such an infringement claim asserted against it or an indemnified third-party. In the opinion of management, there was not at least a reasonable possibility the Company may have incurred a material loss with respect to indemnification of end-users of its operating system or application software for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. The Company did not record a liability for infringement costs related to indemnification as of September 29, 2012 or September 24, 2011.
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. Under these agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify such individuals to the fullest extent permitted by law against liabilities that arise by reason of their status as directors or officers and to advance expenses incurred by such individuals in connection with related legal proceedings. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each claim. However, the Company maintains directors and officers liability insurance coverage to reduce its exposure to such obligations, and payments made under these agreements historically have not been material.
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Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency Risk Management
The Company regularly reviews its foreign exchange forward and option positions, both on a stand-alone basis and in conjunction with its underlying foreign currency and interest rate related exposures. Given the effective horizons of the Companys risk management activities and the anticipatory nature of the exposures, there can be no assurance these positions will offset more than a portion of the financial impact resulting from movements in either foreign exchange or interest rates. Further, the recognition timing of gains and losses related to these instruments for any given period may not coincide with the timing of gains and losses related to the underlying economic exposures and, therefore, may adversely affect the Companys financial condition and operating results.
Interest Rate Risk
While the Company is exposed to interest rate fluctuations in many of the worlds leading industrialized countries, the Companys interest income and expense is most sensitive to fluctuations in U.S. interest rates. Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on the Companys cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, the fair value of those securities, as well as costs associated with hedging.
The Companys investment policy and strategy are focused on preservation of capital and supporting the liquidity requirements of the Company. A portion of the Companys cash is managed by external managers within the guidelines of the Companys investment policy and to objective market benchmarks. The Companys internal portfolio is benchmarked against external manager performance.
The Companys exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Companys investment portfolio. The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities, and its investment policy generally limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The policy requires investments generally to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss.
To provide a meaningful assessment of the interest rate risk associated with the Companys investment portfolio, the Company performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact a change in interest rates would have on the value of the investment portfolio assuming a 100 basis point parallel shift in the yield curve. Based on investment positions as of September 29, 2012, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates across all maturities would result in a $2.1 billion incremental decline in the fair market value of the portfolio. As of September 24, 2011, a similar 100 basis point shift in the yield curve would result in a $913 million incremental decline in the fair market value of the portfolio. Such losses would only be realized if the Company sold the investments prior to maturity.
Foreign Currency Risk
In general, the Company is a net receiver of currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. dollar, will negatively affect the Companys net sales and gross margins as expressed in U.S. dollars. There is a risk that the Company will have to adjust local currency product pricing due to competitive pressures when there have been significant volatility in foreign currency exchange rates.
The Company may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts with financial institutions to protect against foreign exchange risks associated with certain existing assets and liabilities, certain firmly committed transactions, forecasted future cash flows, and net investments in foreign subsidiaries. Generally, the Companys practice is to hedge a majority of its material foreign exchange exposures, typically for up to six months. However, the Company may choose not to hedge certain foreign exchange exposures for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to accounting considerations and the prohibitive economic cost of hedging particular exposures.
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To provide a meaningful assessment of the foreign currency risk associated with certain of the Companys foreign currency derivative positions, the Company performed a sensitivity analysis using a value-at-risk (VAR) model to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates. The VAR model consisted of using a Monte Carlo simulation to generate thousands of random market price paths assuming normal market conditions. The VAR is the maximum expected loss in fair value, for a given confidence interval, to the Companys foreign currency derivative positions due to adverse movements in rates. The VAR model is not intended to represent actual losses but is used as a risk estimation and management tool. The model assumes normal market conditions. Forecasted transactions, firm commitments, and assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were excluded from the model. Based on the results of the model, the Company estimates with 95% confidence a maximum one-day loss in fair value of $200 million as of September 29, 2012 compared to a maximum one-day loss in fair value of $161 million as of September 24, 2011. Because the Company uses foreign currency instruments for hedging purposes, the loss in fair value incurred on those instruments are generally offset by increases in the fair value of the underlying exposures.
Actual future gains and losses associated with the Companys investment portfolio and derivative positions may differ materially from the sensitivity analyses performed as of September 29, 2012 due to the inherent limitations associated with predicting the timing and amount of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchanges rates and the Companys actual exposures and positions.
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Exhibit 99.2
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements |
Page | |||
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010 |
2 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010 |
3 | |||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 |
4 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity for the years ended September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010 |
5 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010 |
6 | |||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
7 | |||
Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) |
33 | |||
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
34 |
All financial statement schedules have been omitted, since the required information is not applicable or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except number of shares which are reflected in thousands and per share amounts)
Years ended | ||||||||||||
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
September 25, 2010 |
||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 156,508 | $ | 108,249 | $ | 65,225 | ||||||
Cost of sales |
87,846 | 64,431 | 39,541 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gross margin |
68,662 | 43,818 | 25,684 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
Research and development |
3,381 | 2,429 | 1,782 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
10,040 | 7,599 | 5,517 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating expenses |
13,421 | 10,028 | 7,299 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Operating income |
55,241 | 33,790 | 18,385 | |||||||||
Other income/(expense), net |
522 | 415 | 155 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
55,763 | 34,205 | 18,540 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
14,030 | 8,283 | 4,527 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income |
$ | 41,733 | $ | 25,922 | $ | 14,013 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 44.64 | $ | 28.05 | $ | 15.41 | ||||||
Diluted |
$ | 44.15 | $ | 27.68 | $ | 15.15 | ||||||
Shares used in computing earnings per share: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
934,818 | 924,258 | 909,461 | |||||||||
Diluted |
945,355 | 936,645 | 924,712 | |||||||||
Cash dividends declared per common share |
$ | 2.65 | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.00 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions)
Years Ended | ||||||||||||
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
September 25, 2010 |
||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 41,733 | $ | 25,922 | $ | 14,013 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Other comprehensive income/(loss): |
||||||||||||
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax |
(15) | (12) | 7 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments: |
||||||||||||
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of tax |
(131) | 92 | (180) | |||||||||
Adjustment for net (gains)/losses realized and included in net income, net of tax |
(399) | 450 | (73) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments, net of tax |
(530) | 542 | (253) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Change in unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities: |
||||||||||||
Change in fair value of marketable securities, net of tax |
715 | 29 | 154 | |||||||||
Adjustment for net (gains)/losses realized and included in net income, net of tax |
(114) | (70) | (31) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total change in unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities, net of tax |
601 | (41) | 123 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total other comprehensive income/(loss) |
56 | 489 | (123) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 41,789 | $ | 26,411 | $ | 13,890 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except number of shares which are reflected in thousands)
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
|||||||
ASSETS: | ||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 10,746 | $ | 9,815 | ||||
Short-term marketable securities |
18,383 | 16,137 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $98 and $53, respectively |
10,930 | 5,369 | ||||||
Inventories |
791 | 776 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
2,583 | 2,014 | ||||||
Vendor non-trade receivables |
7,762 | 6,348 | ||||||
Other current assets |
6,458 | 4,529 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
57,653 | 44,988 | ||||||
Long-term marketable securities |
92,122 | 55,618 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
15,452 | 7,777 | ||||||
Goodwill |
1,135 | 896 | ||||||
Acquired intangible assets, net |
4,224 | 3,536 | ||||||
Other assets |
5,478 | 3,556 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 176,064 | $ | 116,371 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY: | ||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 21,175 | $ | 14,632 | ||||
Accrued expenses |
11,414 | 9,247 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
5,953 | 4,091 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
38,542 | 27,970 | ||||||
Deferred revenue non-current |
2,648 | 1,686 | ||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
16,664 | 10,100 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
57,854 | 39,756 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock, no par value; 1,800,000 shares authorized; 939,208 and 929,277 shares issued and outstanding, respectively |
16,422 | 13,331 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
101,289 | 62,841 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
499 | 443 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total shareholders equity |
118,210 | 76,615 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 176,064 | $ | 116,371 | ||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
(In millions, except number of shares which are reflected in thousands)
Common Stock | Retained | Accumulated Comprehensive |
Total Shareholders |
|||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Earnings | Income/(Loss) | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
Balances as of September 26, 2009 |
899,806 | $ | 8,210 | $ | 23,353 | $ | 77 | $ | 31,640 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Components of comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
0 | 0 | 14,013 | 0 | 14,013 | |||||||||||||||
Change in foreign currency translation |
0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | 123 | 123 | |||||||||||||||
Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | (253 | ) | (253 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
13,890 | |||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
0 | 876 | 0 | 0 | 876 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
16,164 | 703 | (197 | ) | 0 | 506 | ||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from equity awards, including transfer pricing adjustments |
0 | 879 | 0 | 0 | 879 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balances as of September 25, 2010 |
915,970 | 10,668 | 37,169 | (46 | ) | 47,791 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Components of comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
0 | 0 | 25,922 | 0 | 25,922 | |||||||||||||||
Change in foreign currency translation |
0 | 0 | 0 | (12 | ) | (12 | ) | |||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | (41 | ) | (41 | ) | |||||||||||||
Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | 542 | 542 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
26,411 | |||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
0 | 1,168 | 0 | 0 | 1,168 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
13,307 | 561 | (250 | ) | 0 | 311 | ||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from equity awards, including transfer pricing adjustments |
0 | 934 | 0 | 0 | 934 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balances as of September 24, 2011 |
929,277 | 13,331 | 62,841 | 443 | 76,615 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Components of comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
0 | 0 | 41,733 | 0 | 41,733 | |||||||||||||||
Change in foreign currency translation |
0 | 0 | 0 | (15 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | 601 | 601 | |||||||||||||||
Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments, net of tax |
0 | 0 | 0 | (530 | ) | (530 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
41,789 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dividends and dividend equivalent rights declared |
0 | 0 | (2,523 | ) | 0 | (2,523 | ) | |||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
0 | 1,740 | 0 | 0 | 1,740 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes |
9,931 | 200 | (762 | ) | 0 | (562 | ) | |||||||||||||
Tax benefit from equity awards, including transfer pricing adjustments |
0 | 1,151 | 0 | 0 | 1,151 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balances as of September 29, 2012 |
939,208 | $ | 16,422 | $ | 101,289 | $ | 499 | $ | 118,210 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
Years ended | ||||||||||||
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
September 25, 2010 |
||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year |
$ | 9,815 | $ | 11,261 | $ | 5,263 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Net income |
41,733 | 25,922 | 14,013 | |||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash generated by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,277 | 1,814 | 1,027 | |||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
1,740 | 1,168 | 879 | |||||||||
Deferred income tax expense |
4,405 | 2,868 | 1,440 | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
(5,551) | 143 | (2,142) | |||||||||
Inventories |
(15) | 275 | (596) | |||||||||
Vendor non-trade receivables |
(1,414) | (1,934) | (2,718) | |||||||||
Other current and non-current assets |
(3,162) | (1,391) | (1,610) | |||||||||
Accounts payable |
4,467 | 2,515 | 6,307 | |||||||||
Deferred revenue |
2,824 | 1,654 | 1,217 | |||||||||
Other current and non-current liabilities |
2,552 | 4,495 | 778 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash generated by operating activities |
50,856 | 37,529 | 18,595 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Purchases of marketable securities |
(151,232) | (102,317) | (57,793) | |||||||||
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities |
13,035 | 20,437 | 24,930 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities |
99,770 | 49,416 | 21,788 | |||||||||
Payments made in connection with business acquisitions, net of cash acquired |
(350) | (244) | (638) | |||||||||
Payments for acquisition of property, plant and equipment |
(8,295) | (4,260) | (2,005) | |||||||||
Payments for acquisition of intangible assets |
(1,107) | (3,192) | (116) | |||||||||
Other |
(48) | (259) | (20) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash used in investing activities |
(48,227) | (40,419) | (13,854) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
665 | 831 | 912 | |||||||||
Excess tax benefits from equity awards |
1,351 | 1,133 | 751 | |||||||||
Dividends and dividend equivalent rights paid |
(2,488) | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards |
(1,226) | (520) | (406) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash (used in)/generated by financing activities |
(1,698) | 1,444 | 1,257 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
931 | (1,446) | 5,998 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year |
$ | 10,746 | $ | 9,815 | $ | 11,261 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Supplemental cash flow disclosure: |
||||||||||||
Cash paid for income taxes, net |
$ | 7,682 | $ | 3,338 | $ | 2,697 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Apple Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively Apple or the Company) designs, manufactures, and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital music players, and sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital content and applications. The Company sells its products worldwide through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers and value-added resellers. In addition, the Company sells a variety of third-party iPhone, iPad, Mac, and iPod compatible products including application software, and various accessories through its online and retail stores. The Company sells to consumers, small and mid-sized businesses, and education, enterprise and government customers.
Basis of Presentation and Preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Certain prior year amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been reclassified to conform to the current years presentation. Prior period costs associated with the Companys high-profile retail stores have been reclassified to conform to the current periods presentation as described in Note 8, Segment Information and Geographic Data.
In 2013, the Company established a new reportable operating segment, Greater China, which was previously included in the Asia-Pacific segment; began allocating certain manufacturing costs and variances to its operating segments that were previously included in other corporate expenses; and changed its categorization of product-level net sales reporting. The Company has updated the 2012, 2011 and 2010 operating segment and product-level information to reflect the changes made in 2013.
In 2013 the Company adopted amended accounting standards that change the presentation of comprehensive income. These standards increase the prominence of other comprehensive income (OCI) by eliminating the option to present components of OCI as part of the statement of changes in shareholders equity and requires the components of OCI to be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two consecutive statements. The amended accounting standards only impact the financial statement presentation of OCI and do not change the components that are recognized in net income or OCI; accordingly, the adoption had no impact on the Companys financial position or results of operations.
The Companys fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period that ends on the last Saturday of September. The Companys fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010 ended on September 29, 2012, September 24, 2011, and September 25, 2010, respectively. An additional week is included in the first fiscal quarter approximately every six years to realign fiscal quarters with calendar quarters. Fiscal year 2012 spanned 53 weeks, with a 14th week included in the first quarter of 2012. Fiscal years 2011 and 2010 spanned 52 weeks each. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years or quarters refer to the Companys fiscal years ended in September and the associated quarters of those fiscal years.
Revenue Recognition
Net sales consist primarily of revenue from the sale of hardware, software, digital content and applications, peripherals, and service and support contracts. The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collection is probable. Product is considered delivered to the customer once it has been shipped and title and risk of loss have been transferred. For most of the Companys product sales, these criteria are met at the time the product is shipped. For online sales to individuals, for some sales to education customers in the U.S., and for certain other sales, the Company defers revenue until the customer receives the product because the Company retains a portion of the risk of loss on these sales during transit. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of hardware products, software bundled with hardware that is essential to the functionality of the hardware, and third-party digital content sold on the iTunes Store in accordance with general revenue recognition accounting guidance. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with industry specific software accounting guidance for the following types of sales transactions: (i) standalone sales of software products, (ii) sales of software upgrades and (iii) sales of software bundled with hardware not essential to the functionality of the hardware.
7
For the sale of most third-party products, the Company recognizes revenue based on the gross amount billed to customers because the Company establishes its own pricing for such products, retains related inventory risk for physical products, is the primary obligor to the customer and assumes the credit risk for amounts billed to its customers. For third-party applications sold through the App Store and Mac App Store and certain digital content sold through the iTunes Store, the Company does not determine the selling price of the products and is not the primary obligor to the customer. Therefore, the Company accounts for such sales on a net basis by recognizing in net sales only the commission it retains from each sale. The portion of the gross amount billed to customers that is remitted by the Company to third-party app developers and certain digital content owners is not reflected in the Companys Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company records deferred revenue when it receives payments in advance of the delivery of products or the performance of services. This includes amounts that have been deferred for unspecified and specified software upgrade rights and non-software services that are attached to hardware and software products. The Company sells gift cards redeemable at its retail and online stores, and also sells gift cards redeemable on the iTunes Store for the purchase of digital content and software. The Company records deferred revenue upon the sale of the card, which is relieved upon redemption of the card by the customer. Revenue from AppleCare service and support contracts is deferred and recognized over the service coverage periods. AppleCare service and support contracts typically include extended phone support, repair services, web-based support resources and diagnostic tools offered under the Companys standard limited warranty.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated commitments related to price protection and other customer incentive programs. For transactions involving price protection, the Company recognizes revenue net of the estimated amount to be refunded. For the Companys other customer incentive programs, the estimated cost of these programs is recognized at the later of the date at which the Company has sold the product or the date at which the program is offered. The Company also records reductions to revenue for expected future product returns based on the Companys historical experience. Revenue is recorded net of taxes collected from customers that are remitted to governmental authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority.
Revenue Recognition for Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables
For multi-element arrangements that include hardware products containing software essential to the hardware products functionality, undelivered software elements that relate to the hardware products essential software, and undelivered non-software services, the Company allocates revenue to all deliverables based on their relative selling prices. In such circumstances, the Company uses a hierarchy to determine the selling price to be used for allocating revenue to deliverables: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE), (ii) third-party evidence of selling price (TPE), and (iii) best estimate of selling price (ESP). VSOE generally exists only when the Company sells the deliverable separately and is the price actually charged by the Company for that deliverable. ESPs reflect the Companys best estimates of what the selling prices of elements would be if they were sold regularly on a stand-alone basis. For multi-element arrangements accounted for in accordance with industry specific software accounting guidance, the Company allocates revenue to all deliverables based on the VSOE of each element, and if VSOE does not exist revenue is recognized when elements lacking VSOE are delivered.
For sales of qualifying versions of iPhone, iPad and iPod touch (iOS devices), Mac and Apple TV, the Company has indicated it may from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades and features to the essential software bundled with each of these hardware products free of charge to customers. Essential software for iOS devices includes iOS and related applications and for Mac includes OS X, related applications and iLife. The Company also provides various non-software services to owners of qualifying versions of iOS devices and Mac. The Company has identified up to three deliverables regularly included in arrangements involving the sale of these devices. The first deliverable is the hardware and software essential to the functionality of the hardware device delivered at the time of sale. The second deliverable is the embedded right included with the purchase of iOS devices, Mac and Apple TV to receive on a when-and-if-available basis, future unspecified software upgrades and features relating to the products essential software. The third deliverable is the non-software services to be provided to qualifying versions of iOS devices and Mac. The Company allocates revenue between these deliverables using the relative selling price method. Because the Company has neither VSOE nor TPE for these deliverables, the allocation of revenue is based on the Companys ESPs. Revenue allocated to the delivered hardware and the related essential software is recognized at the time of sale provided the other conditions for revenue recognition have been met. Revenue allocated to the embedded unspecified software upgrade rights and the non-software services is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period the software upgrades and non-software services are expected to be provided for each of these devices, which ranges from two to four years. Cost of sales related to delivered hardware and related essential software, including estimated warranty costs, are recognized at the time of sale. Costs incurred to provide non-software services are recognized as cost of sales as incurred, and engineering and sales and marketing costs are recognized as operating expenses as incurred.
8
The Companys process for determining its ESP for deliverables without VSOE or TPE considers multiple factors that may vary depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable. The Company believes its customers would be reluctant to buy unspecified software upgrade rights for the essential software included with its qualifying hardware products. This view is primarily based on the fact that unspecified software upgrade rights do not obligate the Company to provide upgrades at a particular time or at all, and do not specify to customers which upgrades or features will be delivered. The Company also believes its customers would be unwilling to pay a significant amount for access to the non-software services because other companies offer similar services at little or no cost to users. Therefore, the Company has concluded that if it were to sell upgrade rights or access to the non-software services on a standalone basis, including those rights and services attached to iOS devices, Mac and Apple TV, the selling prices would be relatively low. Key factors considered by the Company in developing the ESPs for software upgrade rights include prices charged by the Company for similar offerings, market trends in the pricing of Apple-branded and third-party Mac and iOS compatible software, the nature of the upgrade rights (e.g., unspecified versus specified), and the relative ESP of the upgrade rights as compared to the total selling price of the product. The Company may also consider additional factors as appropriate, including the impact of other products and services provided to customers, the pricing of competitive alternatives if they exist, product-specific business objectives, and the length of time a particular version of a device has been available. When relevant, the same factors are considered by the Company in developing ESPs for offerings such as the non-software services; however, the primary consideration in developing ESPs for the non-software services is the estimated cost to provide such services, including consideration for a reasonable profit margin.
For the three years ended September 29, 2012, the Companys combined ESPs for the unspecified software upgrade rights and the rights to receive the non-software services included with its qualifying hardware devices have ranged from $5 to $25. Revenue allocated to such rights included with iOS devices and Apple TV is recognized on a straight-line basis over two years, and revenue allocated to such rights included with Mac is recognized on a straight-line basis over four years.
Shipping Costs
For all periods presented, amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling are classified as revenue, and the Companys shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales.
Warranty Expense
The Company generally provides for the estimated cost of hardware and software warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized. The Company assesses the adequacy of its pre-existing warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary based on actual experience and changes in future estimates.
Software Development Costs
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Development costs of computer software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed are subject to capitalization beginning when a products technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for general release to customers. In most instances, the Companys products are released soon after technological feasibility has been established. Costs incurred subsequent to achievement of technological feasibility were not significant, and generally software development costs were expensed as incurred during 2012, 2011 and 2010.
9
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was $1.0 billion, $933 million and $691 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Share-based Compensation
The Company recognizes expense related to share-based payment transactions in which it receives employee services in exchange for (a) equity instruments of the Company or (b) liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprises equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments. Share-based compensation cost for restricted stock units (RSUs) is measured based on the closing fair market value of the Companys common stock on the date of grant. Share-based compensation cost for stock options is estimated at the grant date based on each options fair-value as calculated by the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) option-pricing model. The Company recognizes share-based compensation cost as expense ratably on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes a benefit from share-based compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity if an incremental tax benefit is realized. In addition, the Company recognizes the indirect effects of share-based compensation on research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits and domestic manufacturing deductions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Further information regarding share-based compensation can be found in Note 6, Shareholders Equity and Share-based Compensation.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized.
The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. See Note 5, Income Taxes for additional information.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period increased to include the number of additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued. Potentially dilutive securities include outstanding stock options, shares to be purchased under the Companys employee stock purchase plan and unvested RSUs. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, an increase in the fair market value of the Companys common stock can result in a greater dilutive effect from potentially dilutive securities.
10
The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in thousands, except net income in millions and per share amounts):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 41,733 | $ | 25,922 | $ | 14,013 | ||||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding |
934,818 | 924,258 | 909,461 | |||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities |
10,537 | 12,387 | 15,251 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Weighted-average diluted shares |
945,355 | 936,645 | 924,712 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 44.64 | $ | 28.05 | $ | 15.41 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 44.15 | $ | 27.68 | $ | 15.15 |
Potentially dilutive securities representing 1.0 million, 1.7 million and 1.6 million shares of common stock for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for these periods because their effect would have been antidilutive.
Financial Instruments
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents. The Companys marketable debt and equity securities have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments at the time of purchase and reevaluates the designations at each balance sheet date. The Company classifies its marketable debt securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instruments underlying contractual maturity date. Marketable debt securities with maturities of 12 months or less are classified as short-term and marketable debt securities with maturities greater than 12 months are classified as long-term. The Company classifies its marketable equity securities, including mutual funds, as either short-term or long-term based on the nature of each security and its availability for use in current operations. The Companys marketable debt and equity securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as a component of shareholders equity. The cost of securities sold is based upon the specific identification method.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carries them at fair value.
For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) in shareholders equity and reclassified into income in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized in current income. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions. For options designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the time value are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and are recognized in income. For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability and that are designated as fair value hedges, both the net gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings in the current period. The Company had no fair value hedges in 2012, 2011 and 2010. The net gain or loss on the effective portion of a derivative instrument that is designated as an economic hedge of the foreign currency translation exposure of the net investment in a foreign operation is reported in the same manner as a foreign currency translation adjustment. For forward exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges, the Company excludes changes in fair value relating to changes in the forward carry component from its definition of effectiveness. Accordingly, any gains or losses related to this component are recognized in current income. Derivatives that do not qualify as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through current income.
11
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company records its allowance for doubtful accounts based upon its assessment of various factors. The Company considers historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of the Companys customers, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect customers ability to pay.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, computed using the first-in, first-out method, or market. If the cost of the inventories exceeds their market value, provisions are made currently for the difference between the cost and the market value. The Companys inventories consist primarily of components and finished goods for all periods presented.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by use of the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which for buildings is the lesser of 30 years or the remaining life of the underlying building; between two to five years for machinery and equipment, including product tooling and manufacturing process equipment; and the shorter of lease terms or ten years for leasehold improvements. The Company capitalizes eligible costs to acquire or develop internal-use software that are incurred subsequent to the preliminary project stage. Capitalized costs related to internal-use software are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to five years. Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $2.6 billion, $1.6 billion and $815 million during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Long-Lived Assets Including Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets
The Company reviews property, plant and equipment, inventory component prepayments, and certain identifiable intangibles, excluding goodwill, for impairment. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparison of their carrying amounts to future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If property, plant and equipment, inventory component prepayments, and certain identifiable intangibles are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds its fair market value. The Company did not record any significant impairments during 2012, 2011 and 2010.
The Company does not amortize goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, rather such assets are required to be tested for impairment at least annually or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired. The Company performs its goodwill and intangible asset impairment tests in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges related to goodwill or indefinite lived intangible assets during 2012, 2011 and 2010. The Company established reporting units based on its current reporting structure. For purposes of testing goodwill for impairment, goodwill has been allocated to these reporting units to the extent it relates to each reporting unit. In 2012 and 2011, the Companys goodwill was allocated to the Americas and Europe reportable operating segments.
The Company amortizes its intangible assets with definite lives over their estimated useful lives and reviews these assets for impairment. The Company is currently amortizing its acquired intangible assets with definite lives over periods typically from three to seven years.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
12
Level 2 Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect managements estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The Companys valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of money market funds and certain marketable equity securities were derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of all other financial instruments, all of which have counterparties with high credit ratings, were valued based on quoted market prices or model driven valuations using significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.
In accordance with the fair value accounting requirements, companies may choose to measure eligible financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any eligible financial instruments.
Foreign Currency Translation and Remeasurement
The Company translates the assets and liabilities of its non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. Revenue and expenses for these subsidiaries are translated using rates that approximate those in effect during the period. Gains and losses from these translations are recognized in foreign currency translation included in accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders equity. The Companys subsidiaries that use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency remeasure monetary assets and liabilities at exchange rates in effect at the end of each period, and inventories, property, and nonmonetary assets and liabilities at historical rates. Gains and losses from these remeasurements were not significant and have been included in the Companys results of operations.
13
Note 2 Financial Instruments
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The following tables show the Companys cash and available-for-sale securities adjusted cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or short- or long-term marketable securities as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Cost |
Unrealized Gains |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Short-Term Marketable Securities |
Long-Term Marketable Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 3,109 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 3,109 | $ | 3,109 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Level 1: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds |
1,460 | 0 | 0 | 1,460 | 1,460 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
2,385 | 79 | (2 | ) | 2,462 | 0 | 2,462 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
3,845 | 79 | (2 | ) | 3,922 | 1,460 | 2,462 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Level 2: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities |
20,088 | 21 | (1 | ) | 20,108 | 2,608 | 3,525 | 13,975 | ||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities |
19,540 | 58 | (1 | ) | 19,597 | 1,460 | 1,884 | 16,253 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-U.S. government securities |
5,483 | 183 | (2 | ) | 5,664 | 84 | 1,034 | 4,546 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit and time deposits |
2,189 | 2 | 0 | 2,191 | 1,106 | 202 | 883 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper |
2,112 | 0 | 0 | 2,112 | 909 | 1,203 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
46,261 | 568 | (8 | ) | 46,821 | 10 | 7,455 | 39,356 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal securities |
5,645 | 74 | 0 | 5,719 | 0 | 618 | 5,101 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities |
11,948 | 66 | (6 | ) | 12,008 | 0 | 0 | 12,008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
113,266 | 972 | (18 | ) | 114,220 | 6,177 | 15,921 | 92,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 120,220 | $ | 1,051 | $ | (20 | ) | $ | 121,251 | $ | 10,746 | $ | 18,383 | $ | 92,122 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Cost |
Unrealized Gains |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Short- Term Marketable Securities |
Long-Term Marketable Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 2,903 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 2,903 | $ | 2,903 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Level 1: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds |
1,911 | 0 | 0 | 1,911 | 1,911 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
1,227 | 0 | (34 | ) | 1,193 | 0 | 1,193 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
3,138 | 0 | (34 | ) | 3,104 | 1,911 | 1,193 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Level 2: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities |
10,717 | 39 | (3 | ) | 10,753 | 1,250 | 2,149 | 7,354 | ||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities |
13,467 | 24 | (3 | ) | 13,488 | 225 | 1,818 | 11,445 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-U.S. government securities |
5,559 | 11 | (2 | ) | 5,568 | 551 | 1,548 | 3,469 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit and time deposits |
4,175 | 2 | (2 | ) | 4,175 | 728 | 977 | 2,470 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper |
2,853 | 0 | 0 | 2,853 | 2,237 | 616 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
35,241 | 132 | (114 | ) | 35,259 | 10 | 7,241 | 28,008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal securities |
3,411 | 56 | 0 | 3,467 | 0 | 595 | 2,872 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
75,423 | 264 | (124 | ) | 75,563 | 5,001 | 14,944 | 55,618 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 81,464 | $ | 264 | $ | (158 | ) | $ | 81,570 | $ | 9,815 | $ | 16,137 | $ | 55,618 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
The net unrealized gains as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 are related primarily to long-term marketable securities. The Company may sell certain of its marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipation of credit deterioration and duration management. The net realized gains or losses recognized during 2012 and 2011 were $183 million and $110 million, respectively, and no significant net realized gains or losses during 2010 related to such sales. The maturities of the Companys long-term marketable securities generally range from one to five years.
As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, gross unrealized losses related to individual securities that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were not significant.
As of September 29, 2012, the Company considers the declines in market value of its marketable securities investment portfolio to be temporary in nature and does not consider any of its investments other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities, and its investment policy generally limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The policy requires investments generally to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss. Fair values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. When evaluating an investment for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below its cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer and any changes thereto, and the Companys intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not it will be required to sell, the investment before recovery of the investments cost basis. During 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not recognize any significant impairment charges.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses derivatives to partially offset its business exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. The Company may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to offset some of the foreign exchange risk on expected future cash flows on certain forecasted revenue and cost of sales, on net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries, and on certain existing assets and liabilities.
To help protect gross margins from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, certain of the Companys subsidiaries whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar hedge a portion of forecasted foreign currency revenue. The Companys subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar and who sell in local currencies may hedge a portion of forecasted inventory purchases not denominated in the subsidiaries functional currencies. The Company typically hedges portions of its forecasted foreign currency exposure associated with revenue and inventory purchases generally up to six months.
15
To help protect the net investment in a foreign operation from adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, the Company may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to offset the changes in the carrying amounts of these investments due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
The Company may also enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to partially offset the foreign currency exchange gains and losses generated by the re-measurement of certain assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies. However, the Company may choose not to hedge certain foreign currency exchange exposures for a variety of reasons including, but not limited to, accounting considerations and the prohibitive economic cost of hedging particular exposures. There can be no assurance the hedges will offset more than a portion of the financial impact resulting from movements in foreign currency exchange rates.
The Company records all derivatives in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The Companys accounting treatment of these instruments is based on whether the instruments are designated as hedge or non-hedge instruments. The effective portions of cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCI until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The effective portions of net investment hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income as a part of the cumulative translation adjustment. The ineffective portions of cash flow hedges and net investment hedges are recorded in other income and expense. Derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments are adjusted to fair value through earnings in the financial statement line item to which the derivative relates.
The Company had a net deferred loss associated with cash flow hedges of approximately $240 million and a net deferred gain of approximately $290 million, net of taxes, recorded in AOCI as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. Deferred gains and losses associated with cash flow hedges of foreign currency revenue are recognized as a component of net sales in the same period as the related revenue is recognized, and deferred gains and losses related to cash flow hedges of inventory purchases are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the same period as the related costs are recognized. The majority of the Companys hedged transactions as of September 29, 2012 are expected to occur within six months.
Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges must be de-designated as hedges when it is probable the forecasted hedged transaction will not occur in the initially identified time period or within a subsequent two-month time period. Deferred gains and losses in AOCI associated with such derivative instruments are reclassified immediately into other income and expense. Any subsequent changes in fair value of such derivative instruments are reflected in other income and expense unless they are re-designated as hedges of other transactions. The Company did not recognize any significant net gains or losses related to the loss of hedge designation on discontinued cash flow hedges during 2012, 2011 and 2010.
The Companys unrealized net gains and losses on net investment hedges, included in the cumulative translation adjustment account of AOCI, were not significant as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. The ineffective portions of and amounts excluded from the effectiveness test of net investment hedges are recorded in other income and expense.
The gain/loss recognized in other income and expense for foreign currency forward and option contracts not designated as hedging instruments was not significant during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These amounts represent the net gain or loss on the derivative contracts and do not include changes in the related exposures, which generally offset a portion of the gain or loss on the derivative contracts.
16
The following table shows the notional principal amounts of the Companys outstanding derivative instruments and credit risk amounts associated with outstanding or unsettled derivative instruments as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Notional Principal |
Credit Risk Amounts |
Notional Principal |
Credit Risk Amounts |
|||||||||||||
Instruments designated as accounting hedges: |
||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 41,970 | $ | 140 | $ | 13,705 | $ | 537 | ||||||||
Instruments not designated as accounting hedges: |
||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 13,403 | $ | 12 | $ | 9,891 | $ | 56 |
The notional principal amounts for outstanding derivative instruments provide one measure of the transaction volume outstanding and do not represent the amount of the Companys exposure to credit or market loss. The credit risk amounts represent the Companys gross exposure to potential accounting loss on derivative instruments that are outstanding or unsettled if all counterparties failed to perform according to the terms of the contract, based on then-current currency exchange rates at each respective date. The Companys gross exposure on these transactions may be further mitigated by collateral received from certain counterparties. The Companys exposure to credit loss and market risk will vary over time as a function of currency exchange rates. Although the table above reflects the notional principal and credit risk amounts of the Companys foreign exchange instruments, it does not reflect the gains or losses associated with the exposures and transactions that the foreign exchange instruments are intended to hedge. The amounts ultimately realized upon settlement of these financial instruments, together with the gains and losses on the underlying exposures, will depend on actual market conditions during the remaining life of the instruments.
The Company generally enters into master netting arrangements, which reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement of transactions with the same counterparty. To further limit credit risk, the Company generally enters into collateral security arrangements that provide for collateral to be received or posted when the net fair value of certain financial instruments fluctuates from contractually established thresholds. The Company presents its derivative assets and derivative liabilities at their gross fair values. As of September 29, 2012, the Company posted cash collateral related to the derivative instruments under its collateral security arrangements of $278 million, which it recorded as other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of September 24, 2011, the Company received cash collateral related to the derivative instruments under its collateral security arrangements of $288 million, which it recorded as accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company did not have any derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features that would require it to post additional collateral as of September 29, 2012 or September 24, 2011.
17
The following tables show the Companys derivative instruments at gross fair value as reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value of Derivatives Designated as Hedge Instruments |
Fair Value of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments |
Total Fair Value |
||||||||||
Derivative assets (a): |
||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 138 | $ | 12 | $ | 150 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities (b): |
||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 516 | $ | 41 | $ | 557 |
2011 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value of Derivatives Designated as Hedge Instruments |
Fair Value of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments |
Total Fair Value |
||||||||||
Derivative assets (a): |
||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 460 | $ | 56 | $ | 516 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities (b): |
||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | 72 | $ | 37 | $ | 109 |
(a) | The fair value of derivative assets is measured using Level 2 fair value inputs and is recorded as other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
(b) | The fair value of derivative liabilities is measured using Level 2 fair value inputs and is recorded as accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
The following table shows the pre-tax effect of the Companys derivative instruments designated as cash flow and net investment hedges in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
Years Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains/(Losses) Recognized in OCI - Effective Portion (c) |
Gains/(Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Income - Effective Portion (c) |
Gains/(Losses) Recognized Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
September 29, 2012 (a) |
September 24, 2011 (b) |
Location |
September 29, 2012 |
September 24, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
$ | (175 | ) | $ | 153 | $ | 607 | $ | (704 | ) | Other income and expense | $ | (658 | ) | $ | (213 | ) | |||||||||
Net investment hedges: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
(5 | ) | (43 | ) | 0 | 0 | Other income and expense | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | (180 | ) | $ | 110 | $ | 607 | $ | (704 | ) | $ | (655 | ) | $ | (212 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) | Includes gains/(losses) reclassified from AOCI into net income for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, of which $537 million and $70 million were recognized within net sales and cost of sales, respectively, within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended September 29, 2012. There were no amounts reclassified from AOCI into income for the effective portion of net investment hedges for the year ended September 29, 2012. |
(b) | Includes gains/(losses) reclassified from AOCI into income for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, of which $(349) million and $(355) million were recognized within net sales and cost of sales, respectively, within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended September 24, 2011. There were no amounts reclassified from AOCI into income for the effective portion of net investment hedges for the year ended September 24, 2011. |
(c) | Refer to Note 6, Shareholders Equity and Share-based Compensation, which summarizes the activity in AOCI related to derivatives. |
18
Accounts Receivable
Trade Receivables
The Company has considerable trade receivables outstanding with its third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, value-added resellers, small and mid-sized businesses, and education, enterprise and government customers. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers; however, the Company will require collateral in certain instances to limit credit risk. In addition, when possible, the Company attempts to limit credit risk on trade receivables with credit insurance for certain customers or by requiring third-party financing, loans or leases to support credit exposure. These credit-financing arrangements are directly between the third-party financing company and the end customer. As such, the Company generally does not assume any recourse or credit risk sharing related to any of these arrangements.
As of September 29, 2012, the Company had two customers that represented 10% or more of total trade receivables, one of which accounted for 14% and the other 10%. As of September 24, 2011, there were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of the Companys total trade receivables. The Companys cellular network carriers accounted for 66% and 52% of trade receivables as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. The additions and write-offs to the Companys allowance for doubtful accounts during 2012, 2011 and 2010 were not significant.
Vendor Non-Trade Receivables
The Company has non-trade receivables from certain of its manufacturing vendors resulting from the sale of components to these manufacturing vendors who manufacture sub-assemblies or assemble final products for the Company. The Company purchases these components directly from suppliers. Vendor non-trade receivables from three of the Companys vendors accounted for 45%, 21% and 12% of total non-trade receivables as of September 29, 2012 and vendor non-trade receivables from two of the Companys vendors accounted for 53% and 29% of total non-trade receivables as of September 24, 2011. The Company does not reflect the sale of these components in net sales and does not recognize any profits on these sales until the related products are sold by the Company, at which time any profit is recognized as a reduction of cost of sales.
Note 3 Consolidated Financial Statement Details
The following tables show the Companys consolidated financial statement details as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
Property, Plant and Equipment
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Land and buildings |
$ | 2,439 | $ | 2,059 | ||||
Machinery, equipment and internal-use software |
15,743 | 6,926 | ||||||
Office furniture and equipment |
241 | 184 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
3,464 | 2,599 | ||||||
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Gross property, plant and equipment |
21,887 | 11,768 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(6,435 | ) | (3,991 | ) | ||||
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Net property, plant and equipment |
$ | 15,452 | $ | 7,777 | ||||
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19
Accrued Expenses
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Accrued warranty and related costs |
$ | 1,638 | $ | 1,240 | ||||
Accrued taxes |
1,535 | 1,140 | ||||||
Deferred margin on component sales |
1,492 | 2,038 | ||||||
Accrued marketing and selling expenses |
910 | 598 | ||||||
Accrued compensation and employee benefits |
735 | 590 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
5,104 | 3,641 | ||||||
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Total accrued expenses |
$ | 11,414 | $ | 9,247 | ||||
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Non-Current Liabilities
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
$ | 13,847 | $ | 8,159 | ||||
Other non-current liabilities |
2,817 | 1,941 | ||||||
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Total other non-current liabilities |
$ | 16,664 | $ | 10,100 | ||||
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Note 4 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Companys acquired intangible assets with definite lives primarily consist of patents and licenses and are amortized over periods typically from three to seven years. The following table summarizes the components of gross and net intangible asset balances as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
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Definite lived and amortizable acquired intangible assets |
$ | 5,166 | $ | (1,042 | ) | $ | 4,124 | $ | 3,873 | $ | (437 | ) | $ | 3,436 | ||||||||||
Indefinite lived and non-amortizable trademarks |
100 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total acquired intangible assets |
$ | 5,266 | $ | (1,042 | ) | $ | 4,224 | $ | 3,973 | $ | (437 | ) | $ | 3,536 | ||||||||||
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During 2012 and 2011, the Company completed various business acquisitions. In 2012, the aggregate cash consideration, net of cash acquired, was $350 million, of which $245 million was allocated to goodwill, $113 million to acquired intangible assets and $8 million to liabilities assumed. In 2011, the aggregate cash consideration, net of cash acquired, was $244 million, of which $167 million was allocated to goodwill and $77 million to acquired intangible assets.
The Companys gross carrying amount of goodwill was $1.1 billion and $896 million as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. The Company did not have any goodwill impairment during 2012, 2011 or 2010.
20
Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets was $605 million, $192 million and $69 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. As of September 29, 2012 the remaining weighted-average amortization period for acquired intangible assets is 5.2 years. The expected annual amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets as of September 29, 2012, is as follows (in millions):
2013 |
$ | 673 | ||
2014 |
737 | |||
2015 |
753 | |||
2016 |
758 | |||
2017 |
635 | |||
Thereafter |
568 | |||
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Total |
$ | 4,124 | ||
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Note 5 Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for 2012, 2011, and 2010, consisted of the following (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Federal: |
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Current |
$ | 7,240 | $ | 3,884 | $ | 2,150 | ||||||
Deferred |
5,018 | 2,998 | 1,676 | |||||||||
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12,258 | 6,882 | 3,826 | ||||||||||
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State: |
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Current |
1,182 | 762 | 655 | |||||||||
Deferred |
(123 | ) | 37 | (115 | ) | |||||||
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1,059 | 799 | 540 | ||||||||||
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Foreign: |
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Current |
1,203 | 769 | 282 | |||||||||
Deferred |
(490 | ) | (167 | ) | (121 | ) | ||||||
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713 | 602 | 161 | ||||||||||
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Provision for income taxes |
$ | 14,030 | $ | 8,283 | $ | 4,527 | ||||||
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The foreign provision for income taxes is based on foreign pretax earnings of $36.8 billion, $24.0 billion and $13.0 billion in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Companys consolidated financial statements provide for any related tax liability on amounts that may be repatriated, aside from undistributed earnings of certain of the Companys foreign subsidiaries that are intended to be indefinitely reinvested in operations outside the U.S. As of September 29, 2012, U.S. income taxes have not been provided on a cumulative total of $40.4 billion of such earnings. The amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to these temporary differences is estimated to be approximately $13.8 billion.
As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, $82.6 billion and $54.3 billion, respectively, of the Companys cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were held by foreign subsidiaries and are generally based in U.S. dollar-denominated holdings. Amounts held by foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to U.S. income taxation on repatriation to the U.S.
21
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes, with the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate (35% in 2012, 2011 and 2010) to income before provision for income taxes for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Computed expected tax |
$ | 19,517 | $ | 11,973 | $ | 6,489 | ||||||
State taxes, net of federal effect |
677 | 552 | 351 | |||||||||
Indefinitely invested earnings of foreign subsidiaries |
(5,895 | ) | (3,898 | ) | (2,125 | ) | ||||||
Research and development credit, net |
(103 | ) | (167 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||||
Domestic production activities deduction |
(328 | ) | (168 | ) | (48 | ) | ||||||
Other |
162 | (9 | ) | (117 | ) | |||||||
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Provision for income taxes |
$ | 14,030 | $ | 8,283 | $ | 4,527 | ||||||
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Effective tax rate |
25.2% | 24.2% | 24.4% |
The Companys income taxes payable have been reduced by the tax benefits from employee stock plan awards. For stock options, the Company receives an income tax benefit calculated as the tax effect of the difference between the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of the exercise and the exercise price. For RSUs, the Company receives an income tax benefit upon the awards vesting equal to the tax effect of the underlying stocks fair market value. The Company had net excess tax benefits from equity awards of $1.4 billion, $1.1 billion and $742 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which were reflected as increases to common stock.
As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, the significant components of the Companys deferred tax assets and liabilities were (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets: |
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Accrued liabilities and other reserves |
$ | 2,101 | $ | 1,610 | ||||
Basis of capital assets and investments |
447 | 390 | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
395 | 355 | ||||||
Other |
1,094 | 795 | ||||||
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Total deferred tax assets |
4,037 | 3,150 | ||||||
Less valuation allowance |
0 | 0 | ||||||
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Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance |
4,037 | 3,150 | ||||||
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Deferred tax liabilities: |
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Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries |
14,712 | 8,896 | ||||||
Other |
193 | 272 | ||||||
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Total deferred tax liabilities |
14,905 | 9,168 | ||||||
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Net deferred tax liabilities |
$ | (10,868 | ) | $ | (6,018 | ) | ||
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Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the effects of tax losses, credits, and the future income tax effects of temporary differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and are measured using enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
Uncertain Tax Positions
Tax positions are evaluated in a two-step process. The Company first determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination. If a tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold it is then measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company classifies gross interest and penalties and unrecognized tax benefits that are not expected to result in payment or receipt of cash within one year as non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
22
As of September 29, 2012, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $2.1 billion, of which $889 million, if recognized, would affect the Companys effective tax rate. As of September 24, 2011, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $1.4 billion, of which $563 million, if recognized, would affect the Companys effective tax rate.
The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits, which excludes interest and penalties, for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Beginning Balance |
$ | 1,375 | $ | 943 | $ | 971 | ||||||
Increases related to tax positions taken during a prior year |
340 | 49 | 61 | |||||||||
Decreases related to tax positions taken during a prior year |
(107 | ) | (39 | ) | (224 | ) | ||||||
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current year |
467 | 425 | 240 | |||||||||
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities |
(3 | ) | 0 | (102 | ) | |||||||
Decreases related to expiration of statute of limitations |
(10 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||
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Ending Balance |
$ | 2,062 | $ | 1,375 | $ | 943 | ||||||
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The Company includes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes. As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, the total amount of gross interest and penalties accrued was $401 million and $261 million, respectively, which is classified as non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In connection with tax matters, the Company recognized interest expense in 2012 and 2011 of $140 million and $14 million, respectively, and in 2010 the Company recognized an interest benefit of $43 million.
The Company is subject to taxation and files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in many state and foreign jurisdictions. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, all years prior to 2004 are closed. The Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) has completed its field audit of the Companys federal income tax returns for the years 2004 through 2006 and proposed certain adjustments. The Company has contested certain of these adjustments through the IRS Appeals Office. The IRS is currently examining the years 2007 through 2009. In addition, the Company is also subject to audits by state, local and foreign tax authorities. In major states and major foreign jurisdictions, the years subsequent to 1989 and 2002, respectively, generally remain open and could be subject to examination by the taxing authorities.
Management believes that an adequate provision has been made for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues addressed in the Companys tax audits are resolved in a manner not consistent with managements expectations, the Company could be required to adjust its provision for income tax in the period such resolution occurs. Although timing of the resolution and/or closure of audits is not certain, the Company believes it is reasonably possible that tax audit resolutions could reduce its unrecognized tax benefits by between $120 million and $170 million in the next 12 months.
Note 6 Shareholders Equity and Share-based Compensation
Preferred Stock
The Company has five million shares of authorized preferred stock, none of which is issued or outstanding. Under the terms of the Companys Restated Articles of Incorporation, the Board of Directors is authorized to determine or alter the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of the Companys authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock.
Dividend and Stock Repurchase Program
In 2012, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a dividend policy pursuant to which it plans to make, subject to subsequent declaration, quarterly dividends of $2.65 per share. On July 24, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $2.65 per share to shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 13, 2012. The Company paid $2.5 billion in conjunction with this dividend on August 16, 2012. No dividends were declared in the first three quarters of 2012 or in 2011 and 2010.
23
In 2012, the Companys Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $10 billion of the Companys common stock beginning in 2013. The repurchase program is expected to be executed over a three-year period with the primary objective of neutralizing the impact of dilution from future employee equity grants and employee stock purchase programs. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any specific number of shares. In August 2012, the Company entered into a Rule 10b5-1 compliant accelerated share repurchase (ASR) program with a financial institution to purchase up to $2 billion of the Companys common stock during 2013. The total number of shares to be purchased under the ASR program will be based on the volume-weighted average price of the Companys common stock during the purchase period and will be reflected as a reduction of shares outstanding on the date of purchase. The Company may also purchase its common stock in open market transactions, in compliance with all applicable securities laws.
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of two components, net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income refers to revenue, expenses, and gains and losses that under GAAP are recorded as an element of shareholders equity but are excluded from net income. The Companys other comprehensive income consists of foreign currency translation adjustments from those subsidiaries not using the U.S. dollar as their functional currency, unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities classified as available-for-sale, and net deferred gains and losses on certain derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges.
The following table shows the components of AOCI, net of taxes, as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Net unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities |
$ | 731 | $ | 130 | ||||
Net unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments |
(240 | ) | 290 | |||||
Cumulative foreign currency translation |
8 | 23 | ||||||
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Accumulated other comprehensive income |
$ | 499 | $ | 443 | ||||
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The change in fair value of available-for-sale securities included in other comprehensive income was $601 million, $(41) million and $123 million, net of taxes in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The tax effect related to the change in unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale securities was $(353) million, $24 million and $(72) million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The following table shows activity in other comprehensive income related to derivatives, net of taxes, held by the Company during 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Change in fair value of derivatives |
$ | (131 | ) | $ | 92 | $ | (180 | ) | ||||
Adjustment for net gains/losses realized and included in net income |
(399 | ) | 450 | (73 | ) | |||||||
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Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments |
$ | (530 | ) | $ | 542 | $ | (253 | ) | ||||
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The tax effect related to the changes in fair value of derivatives was $73 million, $(50) million and $97 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The tax effect related to derivative gains/losses reclassified from other comprehensive income to income was $220 million, $(250) million and $43 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
24
Employee Benefit Plans
2003 Employee Stock Plan
The 2003 Employee Stock Plan (the 2003 Plan) is a shareholder approved plan that provides for broad-based equity grants to employees, including executive officers. The 2003 Plan permits the granting of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, RSUs, stock appreciation rights, stock purchase rights and performance-based awards. Options granted under the 2003 Plan generally expire seven to ten years after the grant date and generally become exercisable over a period of four years, based on continued employment, with either annual, semi-annual or quarterly vesting. In general, RSUs granted under the 2003 Plan vest over two to four years, based on continued employment and are settled upon vesting in shares of the Companys common stock on a one-for-one basis. Each share issued with respect to an award granted under the 2003 Plan (other than a stock option or stock appreciation right) reduces the number of shares available for grant under the plan by two shares, whereas shares issued in respect of an option or stock appreciation right count against the number of shares available for grant on a one-for-one basis. All RSUs, other than RSUs held by the Chief Executive Officer, granted under the 2003 Plan have dividend equivalent rights (DER), which entitle holders of RSUs to the same dividend value per share as holders of common stock. DER are subject to the same vesting and other terms and conditions as the corresponding unvested RSUs. DER are accumulated and paid when the underlying shares vest. As of September 29, 2012, approximately 37.1 million shares were reserved for future issuance under the 2003 Plan.
1997 Director Stock Plan
The 1997 Director Stock Plan (the Director Plan) is a shareholder approved plan that (i) permits the Company to grant awards of RSUs or stock options to the Companys non-employee directors, (ii) provides for automatic initial grants of RSUs upon a non-employee director joining the Board of Directors and automatic annual grants of RSUs at each annual meeting of shareholders, and (iii) permits the Board of Directors to prospectively change the relative mixture of stock options and RSUs for the initial and annual award grants and the methodology for determining the number of shares of the Companys common stock subject to these grants without shareholder approval. Each share issued with respect to RSUs granted under the Director Plan reduces the number of shares available for grant under the plan by two shares. The Director Plan expires November 9, 2019. All RSUs granted under the Director Plan are entitled to DER. As of September 29, 2012, approximately 184,000 shares were reserved for future issuance under the Director Plan.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the fourth quarter of 2012, executive officers Timothy D. Cook, Peter Oppenheimer, D. Bruce Sewell, Phillip W. Schiller and Jeffrey E. Williams, and directors William V. Campbell and Arthur D. Levinson had equity trading plans adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1(c)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). An equity trading plan is a written document that pre-establishes the amounts, prices and dates (or a formula for determining the amounts, prices and dates) of future purchases or sales of the Companys stock, including shares acquired pursuant to the Companys employee and director equity plans.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the Purchase Plan) is a shareholder approved plan under which substantially all employees may purchase the Companys common stock through payroll deductions at a price equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market values of the stock as of the beginning or the end of six-month offering periods. An employees payroll deductions under the Purchase Plan are limited to 10% of the employees compensation and employees may not purchase more than $25,000 of stock during any calendar year. As of September 29, 2012, approximately 2.5 million shares were reserved for future issuance under the Purchase Plan.
401(k) Plan
The Companys 401(k) Plan (the 401(k) Plan) is a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the 401(k) Plan, participating U.S. employees may defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings, up to the IRS annual contribution limit ($17,000 for calendar year 2012). The Company matches 50% to 100% of each employees contributions, depending on length of service, up to a maximum 6% of the employees eligible earnings. The Companys matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan were $114 million, $90 million and $72 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
25
Restricted Stock Units
A summary of the Companys RSU activity and related information for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows:
Number
of RSUs (in thousands) |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) |
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Balance at September 26, 2009 |
12,263 | $ | 122.52 | |||||||||
RSUs granted |
6,178 | $ | 214.37 | |||||||||
RSUs vested |
(4,685 | ) | $ | 119.85 | ||||||||
RSUs cancelled |
(722 | ) | $ | 147.56 | ||||||||
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Balance at September 25, 2010 |
13,034 | $ | 165.63 | |||||||||
RSUs granted |
6,667 | $ | 312.63 | |||||||||
RSUs vested |
(4,513 | ) | $ | 168.08 | ||||||||
RSUs cancelled |
(742 | ) | $ | 189.08 | ||||||||
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Balance at September 24, 2011 |
14,446 | $ | 231.49 | |||||||||
RSUs granted |
7,799 | $ | 431.35 | |||||||||
RSUs vested |
(6,305 | ) | $ | 205.27 | ||||||||
RSUs cancelled |
(935 | ) | $ | 256.01 | ||||||||
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Balance at September 29, 2012 |
15,005 | $ | 344.87 | $ | 10,010 | |||||||
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The fair value as of the respective vesting dates of RSUs was $3.3 billion, $1.5 billion and $1.0 billion for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The majority of RSUs that vested in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were net-share settled such that the Company withheld shares with value equivalent to the employees minimum statutory obligation for the applicable income and other employment taxes, and remitted the cash to the appropriate taxing authorities. The total shares withheld were approximately 2.3 million, 1.6 million and 1.8 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and were based on the value of the RSUs on their respective vesting dates as determined by the Companys closing stock price. Total payments for the employees tax obligations to taxing authorities were $1.2 billion, $520 million and $406 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are reflected as a financing activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. These net-share settlements had the effect of share repurchases by the Company as they reduced and retired the number of shares that would have otherwise been issued as a result of the vesting and did not represent an expense to the Company.
Stock Option Activity
A summary of the Companys stock option activity and related information for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows:
Outstanding Options | ||||||||||||||||
Number of Options (in thousands) |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) |
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Balance at September 26, 2009 |
34,375 | $ | 81.17 | |||||||||||||
Options granted |
34 | $ | 202.00 | |||||||||||||
Options assumed |
98 | $ | 11.99 | |||||||||||||
Options cancelled |
(430 | ) | $ | 136.27 | ||||||||||||
Options exercised |
(12,352 | ) | $ | 62.69 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at September 25, 2010 |
21,725 | $ | 90.46 | |||||||||||||
Options granted |
1 | $ | 342.62 | |||||||||||||
Options cancelled |
(163 | ) | $ | 128.42 | ||||||||||||
Options exercised |
(9,697 | ) | $ | 67.63 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at September 24, 2011 |
11,866 | $ | 108.64 | |||||||||||||
Options assumed |
41 | $ | 30.86 | |||||||||||||
Options cancelled |
(25 | ) | $ | 103.22 | ||||||||||||
Options exercised |
(5,337 | ) | $ | 84.85 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at September 29, 2012 |
6,545 | $ | 127.56 | 1.9 | $ | 3,531 | ||||||||||
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Exercisable at September 29, 2012 |
6,505 | $ | 128.03 | 1.8 | $ | 3,507 | ||||||||||
Expected to vest after September 29, 2012 |
40 | $ | 51.07 | 6.7 | $ | 24 |
26
Aggregate intrinsic value represents the value of the Companys closing stock price on the last trading day of the fiscal period in excess of the weighted-average exercise price multiplied by the number of options outstanding or exercisable. Total intrinsic value of options at time of exercise was $2.3 billion, $2.6 billion and $2.0 billion for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Share-based Compensation
Share-based compensation cost for RSUs is measured based on the closing fair market value of the Companys common stock on the date of grant. Share-based compensation cost for stock options and employee stock purchase plan rights (stock purchase rights) is estimated at the grant date and offering date, respectively, based on the fair-value as calculated by the BSM option-pricing model. The BSM option-pricing model incorporates various assumptions including expected volatility, estimated expected life and interest rates. The Company recognizes share-based compensation cost as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
The Company did not grant any stock options during 2012. The Company granted 1,370 and 34,000 stock options during 2011 and 2010, respectively. The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted during 2011 and 2010 was $181.13 and $108.58, respectively.
During 2012 and 2010, in conjunction with certain business combinations, the Company assumed 41,000 and 98,000 stock options, respectively, which had a weighted-average fair value per share of $405.39 and $216.82, respectively. The Company did not assume any stock options during 2011.
The weighted-average fair value of stock purchase rights per share was $108.44, $71.47 and $45.03 during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The following table shows a summary of the share-based compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales |
$ | 265 | $ | 200 | $ | 151 | ||||||
Research and development |
668 | 450 | 323 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
807 | 518 | 405 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total share-based compensation expense |
$ | 1,740 | $ | 1,168 | $ | 879 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The income tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense was $567 million, $467 million and $314 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. As of September 29, 2012, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options and RSUs was $4.2 billion, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 3.3 years.
Note 7 Commitments and Contingencies
Accrued Warranty and Indemnification
The Company offers a basic limited parts and labor warranty on its hardware products. The basic warranty period for hardware products is typically one year from the date of purchase by the end-user. The Company also offers a 90-day basic warranty for its service parts used to repair the Companys hardware products. The Company provides currently for the estimated cost that may be incurred under its basic limited product warranties at the time related revenue is recognized. Factors considered in determining appropriate accruals for product warranty obligations include the size of the installed base of products subject to warranty protection, historical and projected warranty claim rates, historical and projected cost-per-claim, and knowledge of specific product failures that are outside of the Companys typical experience. The Company assesses the adequacy of its pre-existing warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary based on actual experience and changes in future estimates.
27
The following table shows changes in the Companys accrued warranties and related costs for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Beginning accrued warranty and related costs |
$ | 1,240 | $ | 761 | $ | 577 | ||||||
Cost of warranty claims |
(1,786 | ) | (1,147 | ) | (713 | ) | ||||||
Accruals for product warranty |
2,184 | 1,626 | 897 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ending accrued warranty and related costs |
$ | 1,638 | $ | 1,240 | $ | 761 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company generally does not indemnify end-users of its operating system and application software against legal claims that the software infringes third-party intellectual property rights. Other agreements entered into by the Company sometimes include indemnification provisions under which the Company could be subject to costs and/or damages in the event of an infringement claim against the Company or an indemnified third-party. However, the Company has not been required to make any significant payments resulting from such an infringement claim asserted against it or an indemnified third-party and, in the opinion of management, does not have a potential liability related to unresolved infringement claims subject to indemnification that would materially adversely affect its financial condition or operating results. Therefore, the Company did not record a liability for infringement costs related to indemnification as of either September 29, 2012 or September 24, 2011.
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. Under these agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify such individuals to the fullest extent permitted by law against liabilities that arise by reason of their status as directors or officers and to advance expenses incurred by such individuals in connection with related legal proceedings. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each claim. However, the Company maintains directors and officers liability insurance coverage to reduce its exposure to such obligations, and payments made under these agreements historically have not been material.
Concentrations in the Available Sources of Supply of Materials and Product
Although most components essential to the Companys business are generally available from multiple sources, a number of components are currently obtained from single or limited sources, which subjects the Company to significant supply and pricing risks. Many components, including those that are available from multiple sources, are at times subject to industry-wide shortages and significant commodity pricing fluctuations. In addition, the Company has entered into various agreements for the supply of components; however there can be no guarantee that the Company will be able to extend or renew these agreements on similar terms, or at all. Therefore, the Company remains subject to significant risks of supply shortages and price increases that can materially adversely affect its financial condition and operating results.
The Company and other participants in the markets for mobile communication and media devices and personal computers also compete for various components with other industries that have experienced increased demand for their products. The Company also uses some custom components that are not common to the rest of these industries, and new products introduced by the Company often utilize custom components available from only one source. When a component or product uses new technologies, initial capacity constraints may exist until the suppliers yields have matured or manufacturing capacity has increased. If the Companys supply of components for a new or existing product were delayed or constrained, or if an outsourcing partner delayed shipments of completed products to the Company, the Companys financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected. The Companys business and financial performance could also be materially adversely affected depending on the time required to obtain sufficient quantities from the original source, or to identify and obtain sufficient quantities from an alternative source. Continued availability of these components at acceptable prices, or at all, may be affected if those suppliers concentrated on the production of common components instead of components customized to meet the Companys requirements.
Substantially all of the Companys hardware products are manufactured by outsourcing partners that are located primarily in Asia. A significant concentration of this manufacturing is currently performed by a small number of outsourcing partners, often in single locations. Certain of these outsourcing partners are the sole-sourced suppliers of components and manufacturers for many of the Companys products. Although the Company works closely with its outsourcing partners on manufacturing schedules, the Companys operating results could be adversely affected if its outsourcing partners were unable to meet their production commitments. The Companys purchase commitments typically cover its requirements for periods up to 150 days.
28
Long-Term Supply Agreements
The Company has entered into long-term agreements to secure the supply of certain inventory components. Under certain of these agreements, which expire between 2012 and 2022, the Company has made prepayments for the future purchase of inventory components and has acquired capital equipment to use in the manufacturing of such components.
As of September 29, 2012, the Company had a total of $4.2 billion of inventory component prepayments outstanding, of which $1.2 billion are classified as other current assets and $3.0 billion are classified as other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company had a total of $2.3 billion of inventory component prepayments outstanding as of September 24, 2011. The Companys outstanding prepayments will be applied to certain inventory component purchases made during the term of each respective agreement. The Company utilized $943 million and $173 million of inventory component prepayments during 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Other Off-Balance Sheet Commitments
Lease Commitments
The Company leases various equipment and facilities, including retail space, under noncancelable operating lease arrangements. The Company does not currently utilize any other off-balance sheet financing arrangements. The major facility leases are typically for terms not exceeding 10 years and generally provide renewal options for terms not exceeding five additional years. Leases for retail space are for terms ranging from five to 20 years, the majority of which are for 10 years, and often contain multi-year renewal options. As of September 29, 2012, the Companys total future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases were $4.4 billion, of which $3.1 billion related to leases for retail space.
Rent expense under all operating leases, including both cancelable and noncancelable leases, was $488 million, $338 million and $271 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases having remaining terms in excess of one year as of September 29, 2012, are as follows (in millions):
2013 |
$ | 516 | ||
2014 |
556 | |||
2015 |
542 | |||
2016 |
513 | |||
2017 |
486 | |||
Thereafter |
1,801 | |||
|
|
|||
Total minimum lease payments |
$ | 4,414 | ||
|
|
Other Commitments
As of September 29, 2012, the Company had outstanding off-balance sheet third-party manufacturing commitments and component purchase commitments of $21.1 billion.
In addition to the off-balance sheet commitments mentioned above, the Company had outstanding obligations of $988 million as of September 29, 2012, which were comprised mainly of commitments to acquire capital assets, including product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, and commitments related to advertising, research and development, Internet and telecommunications services and other obligations.
Contingencies
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and have not been fully adjudicated, certain of which are discussed in Part I, Item 3 of the Form 10-K under the heading Legal Proceedings and in Part I, Item 1A of the Form 10-K under the heading Risk Factors. In the opinion of management, there was not at least a reasonable possibility the Company may have incurred a material loss, or a material loss in excess of a recorded accrual, with respect to loss contingencies. However, the outcome of litigation is inherently uncertain. Therefore, although management considers the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these legal matters were resolved against the Company in a reporting period for amounts in excess of managements expectations, the Companys consolidated financial statements for that reporting period could be materially adversely affected.
29
Apple Inc. vs Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, et al.
On August 24, 2012, a jury returned a verdict awarding the Company $1.05 billion in its lawsuit against Samsung Electronics and affiliated parties in the United States District Court, Northern District of California, San Jose Division. Because the award is subject to entry of final judgment and may be subject to appeal, the Company has not recognized the award in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended September 29, 2012.
Note 8 Segment Information and Geographic Data
The Company reports segment information based on the management approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Companys reportable segments.
The Company manages its business primarily on a geographic basis. In 2013, the Company established a new reportable operating segment, Greater China, which was previously included in the Asia-Pacific segment. Reportable operating segment data for 2012, 2011 and 2010 have been reclassified to reflect establishment of the Greater China segment. The Companys reportable operating segments consist of the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan, Rest of Asia Pacific and Retail operations. The Americas segment includes both North and South America. The Europe segment includes European countries, as well as the Middle East and Africa. The Greater China segment includes China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment includes Australia and Asian countries, other than Japan and those countries included in the Greater China segment. The Retail segment operates Apple retail stores in 13 countries, including the U.S. The results of the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan and Rest of Asia Pacific segments do not include results of the Retail segment. Each operating segment provides similar hardware and software products and similar services. The accounting policies of the various segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
The Company evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on net sales and operating income. Net sales for geographic segments are generally based on the location of customers, while Retail segment net sales are based on sales from the Companys retail stores. Operating income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, related cost of sales and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Advertising expenses are generally included in the geographic segment in which the expenditures are incurred. Operating income for each segment excludes other income and expense and certain expenses managed outside the operating segments. Costs excluded from segment operating income include various corporate expenses, such as research and development, corporate marketing expenses, share-based compensation expense, income taxes, various nonrecurring charges, and other separately managed general and administrative costs and certain manufacturing period expenses. The Company does not include intercompany transfers between segments for management reporting purposes.
Beginning in 2013, the Company began allocating certain manufacturing costs and variances, including costs related to product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, to its operating segments that were previously included in other corporate expenses. As a result, the Company reclassified $763 million, $1.3 billion and $621 million from other corporate expenses to its operating segments for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Prior to 2012, the Company allocated to corporate expenses certain costs associated with its high-profile retail stores that have been designed and built to promote brand awareness and serve as vehicles for corporate sales and marketing activities. Beginning in 2012, the Company no longer allocates these costs to corporate expenses and reclassified $102 million and $75 million of such costs from corporate to Retail segment expenses for 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Segment assets include receivables and inventories, and for the Retail segment also includes capital assets. Segment assets exclude corporate assets, such as cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term marketable securities, vendor non-trade receivables, other long-term investments, manufacturing and corporate facilities, product tooling and manufacturing process equipment, miscellaneous corporate infrastructure, goodwill and other acquired intangible assets. Except for the Retail segment, capital asset purchases for long-lived assets are not reported to management by segment and therefore are excluded from the geographic segment assets and instead included in corporate assets. Cash payments for capital asset purchases by the Retail segment were $858 million, $612 million and $392 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Companys total depreciation and amortization was $3.3 billion, $1.8 billion and $1.0 billion in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, of which $319 million, $273 million and $198 million was related to the Retail segment in the respective years. Depreciation and amortization on segment assets included in the geographic segments was not significant.
30
The following table shows information by operating segment for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Americas: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 57,512 | $ | 38,315 | $ | 24,498 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 23,414 | $ | 13,111 | $ | 7,417 | ||||||
Europe: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 36,323 | $ | 27,778 | $ | 18,692 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 14,869 | $ | 11,209 | $ | 7,343 | ||||||
Greater China: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 22,533 | $ | 12,690 | $ | 3,021 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 9,843 | $ | 5,246 | $ | 1,279 | ||||||
Japan: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 10,571 | $ | 5,437 | $ | 3,981 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 5,861 | $ | 2,415 | $ | 1,805 | ||||||
Rest of Asia Pacific: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 10,741 | $ | 9,902 | $ | 5,235 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 4,253 | $ | 4,004 | $ | 2,252 | ||||||
Retail: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 18,828 | $ | 14,127 | $ | 9,798 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 4,613 | $ | 3,075 | $ | 2,179 |
A reconciliation of the Companys segment operating income to the consolidated financial statements for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Segment operating income |
$ | 62,853 | $ | 39,060 | $ | 22,275 | ||||||
Other corporate expenses, net |
(5,872 | ) | (4,102 | ) | (3,011 | ) | ||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
(1,740 | ) | (1,168 | ) | (879 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating income |
$ | 55,241 | $ | 33,790 | $ | 18,385 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table shows total assets by segment and a reconciliation to the consolidated financial statements as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Segment assets: |
||||||||
Americas |
$ | 5,525 | $ | 2,782 | ||||
Europe |
3,095 | 1,520 | ||||||
Greater China |
1,321 | 1,005 | ||||||
Japan |
1,698 | 637 | ||||||
Rest of Asia Pacific |
913 | 705 | ||||||
Retail |
2,725 | 2,151 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total segment assets |
15,277 | 8,800 | ||||||
Corporate assets |
160,787 | 107,571 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 176,064 | $ | 116,371 | ||||
|
|
|
|
31
The U.S. and China were the only countries that accounted for more than 10% of the Companys net sales in 2012 and 2011. No single country other than the U.S. accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2010. There was no single customer that accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2012, 2011 or 2010. Net sales for 2012, 2011, and 2010 and long-lived assets as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 are as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Net sales: |
||||||||||||
U.S. |
$ | 60,949 | $ | 41,812 | $ | 28,633 | ||||||
China (a) |
22,797 | 12,472 | 2,764 | |||||||||
Other countries |
72,762 | 53,965 | 33,828 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total net sales |
$ | 156,508 | $ | 108,249 | $ | 65,225 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Long-lived assets: |
||||||||
U.S. |
$ | 6,012 | $ | 4,375 | ||||
China (a) |
7,314 | 2,613 | ||||||
Other countries |
2,560 | 1,090 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total long-lived assets |
$ | 15,886 | $ | 8,078 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(a) | China includes Hong Kong. Long-lived assets located in China consist primarily of product tooling and manufacturing process equipment and assets related to retail stores and related infrastructure. |
32
In 2013, the Company realigned its reporting of product-level net sales. Reported net sales of the Companys hardware categories no longer include related service and accessory revenue. The Company also began reporting separate categories for iTunes, software and services, and for accessories. Net sales by product for 2012, 2011 and 2010 has been reclassified to conform to the Companys 2013 presentation and is as follows (in millions):
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Net Sales by Product: |
||||||||||||
iPhone (a) |
$ | 78,692 | $ | 45,998 | $ | 24,463 | ||||||
iPad (a) |
30,945 | 19,168 | 4,687 | |||||||||
Mac (a) |
23,221 | 21,783 | 17,479 | |||||||||
iPod (a) |
5,615 | 7,453 | 8,274 | |||||||||
iTunes, Software and Services (b) |
12,890 | 9,373 | 7,105 | |||||||||
Accessories (c) |
5,145 | 4,474 | 3,217 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total net sales |
$ | 156,508 | $ | 108,249 | $ | 65,225 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) | Includes deferrals and amortization of related non-software services and software upgrade rights. |
(b) | Includes revenue from sales on the iTunes Store, the App Store, the Mac App Store, and the iBookstore, and revenue from sales of AppleCare, licensing and other services. |
(c) | Includes sales of hardware peripherals and Apple-branded and third-party accessories for iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod. |
Note 9 Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
The following tables show a summary of the Companys quarterly financial information for each of the four quarters of 2012 and 2011 (in millions, except per share amounts):
Fourth Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Second Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||
2012 |
||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 35,966 | $ | 35,023 | $ | 39,186 | $ | 46,333 | ||||||||
Gross margin |
$ | 14,401 | $ | 14,994 | $ | 18,564 | $ | 20,703 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 8,223 | $ | 8,824 | $ | 11,622 | $ | 13,064 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 8.76 | $ | 9.42 | $ | 12.45 | $ | 14.03 | ||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 8.67 | $ | 9.32 | $ | 12.30 | $ | 13.87 |
Fourth Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Second Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||
2011 |
||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 28,270 | $ | 28,571 | $ | 24,667 | $ | 26,741 | ||||||||
Gross margin |
$ | 11,380 | $ | 11,922 | $ | 10,218 | $ | 10,298 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 6,623 | $ | 7,308 | $ | 5,987 | $ | 6,004 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 7.13 | $ | 7.89 | $ | 6.49 | $ | 6.53 | ||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 7.05 | $ | 7.79 | $ | 6.40 | $ | 6.43 |
Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of quarterly basic and diluted per share information may not equal annual basic and diluted earnings per share.
33
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Apple Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Apple Inc. as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 29, 2012. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Apple Inc. at September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 29, 2012, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Apple Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of September 29, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated October 31, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
San Jose, California
October 31, 2012,
except for the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Note 8 Segment Information and Geographic Data, as to which the date is April 24, 2013
34
Components of Gross and Net Intangible Asset Balances (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
Sep. 29, 2012
|
Sep. 24, 2011
|
---|---|---|
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Acquired Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Amount | $ 5,266 | $ 3,973 |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | (1,042) | (437) |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Amount | 4,224 | 3,536 |
Definite lived and amortizable acquired intangible assets
|
||
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Acquired Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Amount | 5,166 | 3,873 |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | (1,042) | (437) |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Amount | 4,124 | 3,436 |
Indefinite lived and non-amortizable trademarks
|
||
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Acquired Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Amount | 100 | 100 |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 0 | 0 |
Acquired Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Amount | $ 100 | $ 100 |
Future Minimum Lease Payments under Noncancelable Operating Leases (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
Sep. 29, 2012
|
---|---|
Schedule of Operating Leases [Line Items] | |
2013 | $ 516 |
2014 | 556 |
2015 | 542 |
2016 | 513 |
2017 | 486 |
Thereafter | 1,801 |
Total minimum lease payments | $ 4,414 |
Other Comprehensive Income Related to Derivatives, Net of Taxes (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
12 Months Ended | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sep. 29, 2012
|
Sep. 24, 2011
|
Sep. 25, 2010
|
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items] | |||
Change in fair value of derivatives | $ (131) | $ 92 | $ (180) |
Adjustment for net gains/losses realized and included in net income | (399) | 450 | (73) |
Change in unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments | $ (530) | $ 542 | $ (253) |
Segment Information and Geographic Data - Additional Information (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
12 Months Ended | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sep. 29, 2012
Country
|
Sep. 24, 2011
|
Sep. 25, 2010
|
|
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Number of countries with Apple retail stores | 13 | ||
Certain manufacturing costs and variances | $ 763 | $ 1,300 | $ 621 |
Operating Expenses of high-profile stores allocated to corporate marketing | 102 | 75 | |
Cash payments for capital asset purchases | 8,295 | 4,260 | 2,005 |
Depreciation and amortization | 3,277 | 1,814 | 1,027 |
Percentage of net sales by country | The U.S. and China were the only countries that accounted for more than 10% of the Company's net sales in 2012 and 2011. | The U.S. and China were the only countries that accounted for more than 10% of Company’s net sales in 2012 and 2011. | No single country other than the U.S. accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2010. |
Percentage of net sales by customer | No single customer that accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2012, 2011 or 2010. | No single customer that accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2012, 2011 or 2010. | No single customer that accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2012, 2011 or 2010. |
Retail
|
|||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Cash payments for capital asset purchases | 858 | 612 | 392 |
Depreciation and amortization | $ 319 | $ 273 | $ 198 |
Pre-Tax Effect of Derivative Instruments Designated as Cash Flow and Net Investment Hedges (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 29, 2012
|
Sep. 24, 2011
|
|||||||||
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items] | ||||||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCI - Effective Portion | $ (180) | [1] | $ 110 | [1] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Income - Effective Portion | 607 | [1],[2] | (704) | [1],[3] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized - Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing | (655) | (212) | ||||||||
Cash flow hedges | Foreign exchange contracts
|
||||||||||
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items] | ||||||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCI - Effective Portion | (175) | [1] | 153 | [1] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Income - Effective Portion | 607 | [1],[2] | (704) | [1],[3] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized - Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing | (658) | (213) | ||||||||
Net investment hedges | Foreign exchange contracts
|
||||||||||
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items] | ||||||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCI - Effective Portion | (5) | [1] | (43) | [1] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Income - Effective Portion | 0 | [1],[2] | 0 | [1],[3] | ||||||
Gains (Losses) Recognized - Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing | $ 3 | $ 1 | ||||||||
|
Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Financial Statements (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
12 Months Ended | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sep. 29, 2012
|
Sep. 24, 2011
|
Sep. 25, 2010
|
|
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items] | |||
Other corporate expenses, net | $ (5,872) | $ (4,102) | $ (3,011) |
Share-based compensation expense | (1,740) | (1,168) | (879) |
Operating income | 55,241 | 33,790 | 18,385 |
Operating Segments
|
|||
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items] | |||
Operating income | $ 62,853 | $ 39,060 | $ 22,275 |
Segment Information and Geographic Data (Tables)
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12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sep. 29, 2012
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Summary Information by Operating Segment | The following table shows information by operating segment for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in millions):
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Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Financial Statements | A reconciliation of the Company’s segment operating income to the consolidated financial statements for 2012, 2011, and 2010, is as follows (in millions):
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Total Assets by Segment and Reconciliation to Consolidated Financial Statements | The following table shows total assets by segment and a reconciliation to the consolidated financial statements as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
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Net Sales and Long-Lived Assets | Net sales for 2012, 2011, and 2010 and long-lived assets as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 are as follows (in millions):
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Net Sales by Product | Net sales by product for 2012, 2011 and 2010
has been reclassified to conform to the Company’s 2013
presentation and is as follows (in millions):
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Non-Current Liabilities (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
Sep. 29, 2012
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Sep. 24, 2011
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Schedule of Other Liabilities [Line Items] | ||
Deferred tax liabilities | $ 13,847 | $ 8,159 |
Other non-current liabilities | 2,817 | 1,941 |
Total other non-current liabilities | $ 16,664 | $ 10,100 |
Summary of Quarterly Financial Information (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
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Sep. 29, 2012
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Jun. 30, 2012
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Mar. 31, 2012
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Dec. 31, 2011
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Sep. 24, 2011
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Jun. 25, 2011
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Mar. 26, 2011
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Dec. 25, 2010
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Sep. 29, 2012
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Sep. 24, 2011
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Sep. 25, 2010
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Quarterly Financial Information [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Net sales | $ 35,966 | $ 35,023 | $ 39,186 | $ 46,333 | $ 28,270 | $ 28,571 | $ 24,667 | $ 26,741 | $ 156,508 | $ 108,249 | $ 65,225 |
Gross margin | 14,401 | 14,994 | 18,564 | 20,703 | 11,380 | 11,922 | 10,218 | 10,298 | 68,662 | 43,818 | 25,684 |
Net income | $ 8,223 | $ 8,824 | $ 11,622 | $ 13,064 | $ 6,623 | $ 7,308 | $ 5,987 | $ 6,004 | $ 41,733 | $ 25,922 | $ 14,013 |
Earnings per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | $ 8.76 | $ 9.42 | $ 12.45 | $ 14.03 | $ 7.13 | $ 7.89 | $ 6.49 | $ 6.53 | $ 44.64 | $ 28.05 | $ 15.41 |
Diluted | $ 8.67 | $ 9.32 | $ 12.30 | $ 13.87 | $ 7.05 | $ 7.79 | $ 6.40 | $ 6.43 | $ 44.15 | $ 27.68 | $ 15.15 |
Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Taxes (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified |
Sep. 29, 2012
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Sep. 24, 2011
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items] | ||
Net unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities | $ 731 | $ 130 |
Net unrecognized gains/losses on derivative instruments | (240) | 290 |
Cumulative foreign currency translation | 8 | 23 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | $ 499 | $ 443 |
Financial Instruments
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12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sep. 29, 2012
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Financial Instruments | Note 2 – Financial Instruments Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities The following tables show the Company’s cash and available-for-sale securities’ adjusted cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or short- or long-term marketable securities as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
The net unrealized gains as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 are related primarily to long-term marketable securities. The Company may sell certain of its marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipation of credit deterioration and duration management. The net realized gains or losses recognized during 2012 and 2011 were $183 million and $110 million, respectively, and no significant net realized gains or losses during 2010 related to such sales. The maturities of the Company’s long-term marketable securities generally range from one to five years. As of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, gross unrealized losses related to individual securities that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were not significant. As of September 29, 2012, the Company considers the declines in market value of its marketable securities investment portfolio to be temporary in nature and does not consider any of its investments other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities, and its investment policy generally limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The policy requires investments generally to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss. Fair values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. When evaluating an investment for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below its cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer and any changes thereto, and the Company’s intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not it will be required to sell, the investment before recovery of the investment’s cost basis. During 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not recognize any significant impairment charges. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company uses derivatives to partially offset its business exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. The Company may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to offset some of the foreign exchange risk on expected future cash flows on certain forecasted revenue and cost of sales, on net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries, and on certain existing assets and liabilities. To help protect gross margins from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar hedge a portion of forecasted foreign currency revenue. The Company’s subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar and who sell in local currencies may hedge a portion of forecasted inventory purchases not denominated in the subsidiaries’ functional currencies. The Company typically hedges portions of its forecasted foreign currency exposure associated with revenue and inventory purchases generally up to six months.
To help protect the net investment in a foreign operation from adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, the Company may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to offset the changes in the carrying amounts of these investments due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company may also enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to partially offset the foreign currency exchange gains and losses generated by the re-measurement of certain assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies. However, the Company may choose not to hedge certain foreign currency exchange exposures for a variety of reasons including, but not limited to, accounting considerations and the prohibitive economic cost of hedging particular exposures. There can be no assurance the hedges will offset more than a portion of the financial impact resulting from movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company records all derivatives in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The Company’s accounting treatment of these instruments is based on whether the instruments are designated as hedge or non-hedge instruments. The effective portions of cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCI until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The effective portions of net investment hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income as a part of the cumulative translation adjustment. The ineffective portions of cash flow hedges and net investment hedges are recorded in other income and expense. Derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments are adjusted to fair value through earnings in the financial statement line item to which the derivative relates. The Company had a net deferred loss associated with cash flow hedges of approximately $240 million and a net deferred gain of approximately $290 million, net of taxes, recorded in AOCI as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. Deferred gains and losses associated with cash flow hedges of foreign currency revenue are recognized as a component of net sales in the same period as the related revenue is recognized, and deferred gains and losses related to cash flow hedges of inventory purchases are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the same period as the related costs are recognized. The majority of the Company’s hedged transactions as of September 29, 2012 are expected to occur within six months. Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges must be de-designated as hedges when it is probable the forecasted hedged transaction will not occur in the initially identified time period or within a subsequent two-month time period. Deferred gains and losses in AOCI associated with such derivative instruments are reclassified immediately into other income and expense. Any subsequent changes in fair value of such derivative instruments are reflected in other income and expense unless they are re-designated as hedges of other transactions. The Company did not recognize any significant net gains or losses related to the loss of hedge designation on discontinued cash flow hedges during 2012, 2011 and 2010. The Company’s unrealized net gains and losses on net investment hedges, included in the cumulative translation adjustment account of AOCI, were not significant as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. The ineffective portions of and amounts excluded from the effectiveness test of net investment hedges are recorded in other income and expense. The gain/loss recognized in other income and expense for foreign currency forward and option contracts not designated as hedging instruments was not significant during 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These amounts represent the net gain or loss on the derivative contracts and do not include changes in the related exposures, which generally offset a portion of the gain or loss on the derivative contracts.
The following table shows the notional principal amounts of the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments and credit risk amounts associated with outstanding or unsettled derivative instruments as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
The notional principal amounts for outstanding derivative instruments provide one measure of the transaction volume outstanding and do not represent the amount of the Company’s exposure to credit or market loss. The credit risk amounts represent the Company’s gross exposure to potential accounting loss on derivative instruments that are outstanding or unsettled if all counterparties failed to perform according to the terms of the contract, based on then-current currency exchange rates at each respective date. The Company’s gross exposure on these transactions may be further mitigated by collateral received from certain counterparties. The Company’s exposure to credit loss and market risk will vary over time as a function of currency exchange rates. Although the table above reflects the notional principal and credit risk amounts of the Company’s foreign exchange instruments, it does not reflect the gains or losses associated with the exposures and transactions that the foreign exchange instruments are intended to hedge. The amounts ultimately realized upon settlement of these financial instruments, together with the gains and losses on the underlying exposures, will depend on actual market conditions during the remaining life of the instruments. The Company generally enters into master netting arrangements, which reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement of transactions with the same counterparty. To further limit credit risk, the Company generally enters into collateral security arrangements that provide for collateral to be received or posted when the net fair value of certain financial instruments fluctuates from contractually established thresholds. The Company presents its derivative assets and derivative liabilities at their gross fair values. As of September 29, 2012, the Company posted cash collateral related to the derivative instruments under its collateral security arrangements of $278 million, which it recorded as other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of September 24, 2011, the Company received cash collateral related to the derivative instruments under its collateral security arrangements of $288 million, which it recorded as accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company did not have any derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features that would require it to post additional collateral as of September 29, 2012 or September 24, 2011.
The following tables show the Company’s derivative instruments at gross fair value as reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
The following table shows the pre-tax effect of the Company’s derivative instruments designated as cash flow and net investment hedges in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011 (in millions):
Accounts Receivable Trade Receivables The Company has considerable trade receivables outstanding with its third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, value-added resellers, small and mid-sized businesses, and education, enterprise and government customers. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers; however, the Company will require collateral in certain instances to limit credit risk. In addition, when possible, the Company attempts to limit credit risk on trade receivables with credit insurance for certain customers or by requiring third-party financing, loans or leases to support credit exposure. These credit-financing arrangements are directly between the third-party financing company and the end customer. As such, the Company generally does not assume any recourse or credit risk sharing related to any of these arrangements. As of September 29, 2012, the Company had two customers that represented 10% or more of total trade receivables, one of which accounted for 14% and the other 10%. As of September 24, 2011, there were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total trade receivables. The Company’s cellular network carriers accounted for 66% and 52% of trade receivables as of September 29, 2012 and September 24, 2011, respectively. The additions and write-offs to the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts during 2012, 2011 and 2010 were not significant. Vendor Non-Trade Receivables The Company has non-trade receivables from certain of its manufacturing vendors resulting from the sale of components to these manufacturing vendors who manufacture sub-assemblies or assemble final products for the Company. The Company purchases these components directly from suppliers. Vendor non-trade receivables from three of the Company’s vendors accounted for 45%, 21% and 12% of total non-trade receivables as of September 29, 2012 and vendor non-trade receivables from two of the Company’s vendors accounted for 53% and 29% of total non-trade receivables as of September 24, 2011. The Company does not reflect the sale of these components in net sales and does not recognize any profits on these sales until the related products are sold by the Company, at which time any profit is recognized as a reduction of cost of sales. |