EX-99.3 16 tv529119_ex99-3.htm EXHIBIT 99.3

 

Exhibit 99.3

 

 

 

CONVERSION VALUATION APPRAISAL REPORT

 

Prepared for:

 

FFBW, Inc.

Waukesha, Wisconsin

 

 

 

As Of:

August 12, 2019

 

Prepared By:

 

Keller & Company, Inc.

555 Metro Place North

Suite 524

Dublin, Ohio 43017

(614) 766-1426

 

KELLER & COMPANY

 

 

 

  

KELLER & COMPANY, INC.

 

FINANCIAL INSTITUTION CONSULTANTS

555 METRO PLACE NORTH

SUITE 524

DUBLIN, OHIO 43017

 

 

 

(614) 766-1426        (614) 766-1459 FAX

 

September 3, 2019

 

The Boards of Directors

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

FFBW, Inc.

1617 E. Racine Avenue

Waukesha, Wisconsin 53186

 

To the Boards:

 

We hereby submit an independent appraisal (“Appraisal”) of the pro forma market value of the common stock to be issued by the new FFBW, Inc. (the “Corporation”) in connection with the second stage stock conversion of FFBW, MHC (the “MHC”) from the mutual to the stock form of ownership. The Appraisal Report is based upon financial information as of June 30, 2019. The share ownership of the MHC is based as of the date of this letter. The MHC currently owns 55.4 percent of the stock of First Federal (the “Bank”). The remaining 44.6 percent of the Corporation’s common stock is owned by public shareholders and the Bank’s foundation, which owns 25,000 shares. The exchange ratios established by the Corporation as applied to the value established herein are 0.8501 shares, 1.0002 shares, 1.1502 shares, and 1.3227 shares for each share of the Corporation’s common stock at the minimum, midpoint, maximum and maximum, as adjusted, respectively, of the valuation range. This appraisal was prepared and provided to the Corporation in accordance with regulatory appraisal requirements.

 

Keller & Company, Inc. is an independent, financial institution consulting firm that serves both thrift institutions and banks. The firm is a full-service consulting organization, as described in more detail in Exhibit A, specializing in business and strategic plans, stock valuations, conversion and reorganization appraisals, market studies and fairness opinions for thrift institutions and banks. The firm has affirmed its independence in this transaction with the preparation of its Affidavit of Independence, a copy of which is included as Exhibit C.

 

Our appraisal is based on the assumption that the data and material provided to us by the Corporation, First Federal and the independent auditors, Wipfli, LLP, are both accurate and complete. We did not verify the financial statements provided to us, nor did we conduct independent valuations of the Bank’s assets and liabilities. We have also used information from other public sources, but we cannot assure the accuracy of such material.

 

 

 

 

Boards of Directors

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

FFBW, Inc.

September 3, 2019

Page 2

 

In the preparation of this appraisal, we held discussions with the management of the Corporation and the Bank, with the law firm of Luse Gorman, PC, the Bank’s conversion counsel, and with Wipfli, LLP. Further, we viewed the Corporation’s local economy and primary market area.

 

This valuation must not be considered to be a recommendation as to the purchase of stock in the Corporation, and we can provide no guarantee or assurance that any person who purchases shares of the Corporation's stock will be able to later sell such shares at a price equivalent to the price designated in this appraisal.

 

Our valuation will be updated as required and will give consideration to any new developments in the Corporation's operation that have an impact on operations or financial condition. Further, we will give consideration to any changes in general market conditions and to specific changes in the market for publicly traded thrift institutions. Based on the material impact of any such changes on the pro forma market value of the Corporation as determined by this firm, we will make necessary adjustments to the Corporation's appraised value in such appraisal update.

 

It is our opinion that as of August 12, 2019, the pro forma market value or appraised value of FFBW, Inc. was $67,000,000 at the midpoint of the valuation range, with a public offering of $37,118,000 or 3,711,800 shares at $10 per share for a 44.6 percent of the total value of $67,000,000 or 6,700,000 shares at $10 per share.

 

The pro forma valuation range of the Corporation is from a minimum of $56,950,000 to a maximum of $77,050,000, with a maximum, as adjusted of $88,607,500, representing public offering ranges of $31,550,300 at the minimum to a maximum of $42,685,700, with a maximum, as adjusted of $49,088,560, representing 3,711,800 shares, 4,268,570, and 4,908,856 shares at $10 per share at the minimum, maximum and maximum, as adjusted, respectively. The pro forma appraised value of the Corporation as of August 12, 2019, is $67,000,000 at the midpoint with a midpoint public offering $37,118,000.

 

Very truly yours,  
   
KELLER & COMPANY, INC.  
   
   

  

 

 

 

 

 

CONVERSION VALUATION APPRAISAL REPORT

 

Prepared for:

 

FFBW, Inc.

Waukesha, Wisconsin

 

 

 

As Of:

August 12, 2019

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  PAGE
   
INTRODUCTION 1
     
I. Description of First Federal Bank of Wisconsin  
  General 4
  Performance Overview 8
  Income and Expense 10
  Yields and Costs 15
  Interest Rate Sensitivity 16
  Lending Activities 18
  Nonperforming Assets 23
  Investments 26
  Deposit Activities 27
  Borrowings 27
  Subsidiaries 27
  Office Properties 28
  Management 29
     
II. Description of Primary Market Area 30
     
III. Comparable Group Selection  
  Introduction 37
  General Parameter  
  Merger/Acquisition 38
  Trading Exchange 39
  IPO Date 39
  Geographic Location 40
  Asset Size 40
  Balance Sheet Parameters Introduction 41
  Cash and Investments to Assets 42
  Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets 42
  One- to Four-Family Loans to Assets 43
  Total Net Loans to Assets 43
  Total Net Loans and Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets 43
  Borrowed Funds to Assets 44
  Equity to Assets 44
  Performance Parameters Introduction 45

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)

 

    PAGE
     
III. Comparable Group Selection (cont.)  
  Performance Parameters (cont.)  
  Return on Average Assets 45
  Return on Average Equity 46
  Net Interest Margin 46
  Operating Expenses to Assets 47
  Noninterest Income to Assets 47
  Asset Quality Parameters Introduction 47
  Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets 48
  Repossessed Assets to Assets 48
  Loan Loss Reserve to Assets 49
  The Comparable Group 49
     
IV. Analysis of Financial Performance 50 
     
V. Market Value Adjustments  
  Earnings Performance 53
  Market Area 58
  Financial Condition 59
  Asset, Loan and Deposit Growth 62
  Dividend Payments 63
  Subscription Interest 64
  Liquidity of Stock 65
  Management 66
  Marketing of the Issue 68
     
VI. Valuation Methods  
  Introduction 69
  Valuation Methods 69
  Valuation Range 70
  Price to Book Value Method 70
  Price to Core Earnings Method 71
  Price to Assets Method 72
  Valuation Conclusion 73

 

 

 

 

LIST OF EXHIBITS

 

NUMERICAL PAGE
EXHIBITS  
     
1 Balance Sheets - At June 30, 2019 and at December 31, 2018 77
2 Balance Sheets - At December 31, 2014 through 2017 78
3 Statement of Income for the Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2019 and the Year Ended December 31, 2018 79
4 Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2014 through 2017 80
5 Selected Financial Information 81
6 Income and Expense Trends 82
7 Normalized Earnings Trend 83
8 Performance Indicators 84
9 Volume/Rate Analysis 85
10 Yield and Cost Trends 86
11 Net Portfolio Value 87
12 Loan Portfolio Composition 88
13 Loan Maturity Schedule 89
14 Loan Originations and Purchases, Sales and Repayments 90
15 Delinquent Loans 91
16 Nonperforming Assets 93
17 Classified Assets 94
18 Allowance for Loan Losses 95
19 Investment Portfolio Composition 96
20 Mix of Deposits 97
21 Certificates of Deposit by Maturity 98
22 Borrowed Funds Activity 99
23 Offices of First Federal Bank of Wisconsin 100
24 Management of the Bank 101
25 Key Demographic Data and Trends 102
26 Key Housing Data 103
27 Major Sources of Employment 104
28 Unemployment Rates 105
29 Market Share of Deposits 106
30 National Interest Rates by Quarter 107

 

 

 

 

LIST OF EXHIBITS (cont.)

 

NUMERICAL PAGE
EXHIBITS  
     
31 Thrift Share Data and Pricing Ratios 108
32 Key Financial Data and Ratios 114
33 Recently Converted Thrift Institutions 120
34 Acquisitions and Pending Acquisitions 121
35 Comparable Group Selection - Balance Sheets Parameters 122
36 Comparable Group Selection - Operating Performance and Asset Quality Parameters 123
37 Final Comparable Group - Balance Sheet Ratios 124
38 Final Comparable Group - Operating Performance and Asset Quality Ratios 125
39 Comparable Group Characteristics and Balance Sheet Totals 126
40 Balance Sheet - Asset Composition Most Recent Quarter 127
41 Balance Sheet - Liability and Equity Most Recent Quarter 128
42 Income and Expense Comparison - Trailing Four Quarters 129
43 Income and Expense Comparison as a Percent of Average Assets 130
44 Yields, Costs and Earnings Ratios - Trailing Four Quarters 131
45 Reserves and Supplemental Data 132
46 Comparable Group Market, Pricing and Financial Ratios 133
47 Valuation Analysis and Conclusions 134
48 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Minimum 135
49 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Midpoint 136
50 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Maximum 137
51 Pro Forma Effects of Conversion Proceeds - Maximum, as Adjusted 138
52 Summary of Valuation Premium or Discount 139

 

 

 

 

ALPHABETICAL EXHIBITS PAGE
     
A Background and Qualifications 140
B RB 20 Certification 144
C Affidavit of Independence 145

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Keller & Company, Inc. is an independent appraisal firm for financial institutions and has prepared this Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report ("Report") to provide the pro forma market value of the to-be-issued common stock of the new FFBW, Inc. (the “Corporation”), a newly formed Maryland corporation and the new holding company of First Federal Bank of Wisconsin (“First Federal” or the “Bank”), Waukesha, Wisconsin, in connection with the conversion of FFBW, MHC. The shares of common stock to be issued represent the majority interest in FFBW, MHC, which was formed in 2017. First Federal is a subsidiary of FFBW, MHC. Under the Plan of Conversion, FFBW, MHC will cease to exist, with First Federal becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation. The existing shares of stock in FFBW, Inc., will be exchanged for shares of stock in the Corporation based on their current appraised value as determined in this Report.

 

The Application is being filed with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”), the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In accordance with the conversion, there will be an issuance of 54.7 percent of the Corporation’s stock, representing the ownership of FFBW, MHC, in the Corporation, along with the balance of assets held by FFBW, MHC of $100,000, resulting in a 54.7 percent public offering based on the midpoint valuation. Such Application for Conversion has been reviewed by us, including the Prospectus and related documents, and discussed with the Bank’s management and the Bank’s conversion counsel, Luse Gorman, PC, Washington, D.C.

 

This conversion appraisal was prepared based on regulatory guidelines entitled "Guidelines for Appraisal Reports for the Valuation of Savings Institutions Converting from the Mutual to Stock Form of Organization," and the Revised Guidelines for Appraisal Reports and represents a full appraisal report. The Report provides detailed exhibits based on the Revised Guidelines and a discussion on each of the factors that need to be considered. Our valuation will be updated in accordance with the Revised Guidelines and will consider any changes in market conditions for thrift institutions.

 

 1 

 

 

Introduction (cont.)

 

The pro forma market value is defined as the price at which the stock of the Corporation after conversion would change hands between a typical willing buyer and a typical willing seller when the former is not under any compulsion to buy and the latter is not under any compulsion to sell, and with both parties having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts in an arm's-length transaction. The appraisal assumes the Bank is a going concern and that the shares issued by the Corporation in the conversion are sold in noncontrol blocks.

 

As part of our appraisal procedure, we have reviewed the financial statements for the five years ended December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and unaudited financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and discussed them with First Federal’s management and with First Federal’s independent auditors, Wipfli, LLP, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. We have also discussed and reviewed with management other financial matters and have reviewed internal projections. We have reviewed the Corporation's preliminary Form S-1 and the related filings and discussed them with management and with the Bank’s conversion counsel.

 

To gain insight into the Bank’s local market condition, we have visited First Federal’s main office and three branches and have traveled the surrounding area. The Bank has four offices, including its corporate office and three branches.

 

We have studied the economic and demographic characteristics of the primary market area, and analyzed the Bank’s primary market area relative to Wisconsin and the United States. We have also examined the competitive market within which First Federal operates, giving consideration to the area's numerous financial institution offices, mortgage banking offices, and credit union offices and other key market area characteristics, both positive and negative.

 

We have given consideration to the market conditions for securities in general and for publicly traded thrift stocks in particular. We have examined the performance of selected publicly traded thrift institutions and compared the performance of First Federal to those selected institutions.

 

 2 

 

 

Introduction (cont.)

 

Our valuation is not intended to represent and must not be interpreted to be a recommendation of any kind as to the desirability of purchasing the to-be-outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation. Giving consideration to the fact that this appraisal is based on numerous factors that can change over time, we can provide no assurance that any person who purchases the stock of the Corporation in this mutual-to-stock conversion will subsequently be able to sell such shares at prices similar to the pro forma market value of the Corporation as determined in this conversion appraisal.

 

 3 

 

 

I.DESCRIPTION OF FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

 

GENERAL

 

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin (“First Federal”) was organized in 1922 as a state-chartered mutual savings and loan association with the name, Industrial Building and Loan Association of Waukesha. The Bank converted to a federal chartered savings and loan association in 1971 and changed its name to First Federal Savings and Loan Association. In 2007, the Bank changed its name to First Federal Bank of Wisconsin. Then in 2014, the Bank merged with Bay View Federal Savings and Loan Association, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, another mutual savings and loan association with $130.0 million in assets. In October 2017, the Bank formed its mutual holding company, FFBW, MHC, and completed a minority stock offering. In 2019, a new holding company was organized, FFBW, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and will become the holding company of First Federal. The corporation plans to complete a stock offering equal to all the shares owned by FFBW, MHC, and resulting in its elimination.

 

First Federal conducts its business from its main office in Waukesha, to the east of downtown Waukesha, and its three branches, one in Milwaukee, one in Brookfield, and one on the west side of Waukesha, with all offices in Waukesha County. The Bank’s primary retail market area is focused on Waukesha County, extending into the southern portion of Milwaukee County.

 

First Federal’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") in the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF"). The Bank is also subject to certain reserve requirements of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Bank (the "FRB"). First Federal is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (the "FHLB") of Chicago and is regulated by the OCC. As of June 30, 2019, First Federal had assets of $258,324,000 deposits of $178,324,000 and equity of $61,184,000.

 

 4 

 

 

General (cont.)

 

First Federal has been principally engaged in the business of serving the financial needs of the public in its local communities and throughout its primary market area as a community- oriented institution. First Federal has been involved in the origination of one- to four-family mortgage loans, which represented 52.0 percent of its loan originations during the six months ended June 30, 2019. One- to four-family mortgage loan originations represented a lesser 49.6 percent of loan originations in the year ended December 31, 2018. At June 30, 2019, 33.3 percent of the Bank’s gross loans consisted of residential real estate loans on one- to four-family dwellings, compared to a higher 49.0 percent at December 31, 2016, with the primary sources of funds being retail deposits from residents in its local communities and to a lesser extent, FHLB advances. The Bank is also an originator of multi-family loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans, commercial business loans and consumer loans. Consumer loans include automobile loans, loans on deposit accounts and other secured and unsecured personal loans.

 

The Bank had cash and investments of $48.9 million, or 18.9 percent of its assets, excluding FHLB stock which totaled $609,000 or 0.2 percent of assets at June 30, 2019. The Bank had $31.1 million of its investments in mortgage-backed and related securities representing 12.0 percent of assets. Deposits, principal payments, FHLB advances and equity have been the primary sources of funds for the Bank’s lending and investment activities.

 

The total amount of stock to be sold in the second stage offering will be $36,783,000 or 3,678,300 shares at $10 per share, based on the midpoint. The net conversion proceeds will be $35.5 million, net of conversion expenses of approximately $1,300,000. The actual cash proceeds to the Bank of $17.75 million will represent 50.0 percent of the net conversion proceeds. The ESOP will represent 8.0 percent of the new shares or 293,192 shares at $10 per share, representing $2,931,920 or 4.38 percent of the total value. The Bank’s net proceeds will be used to fund new loans and to invest in securities following their initial deployment to short term investments. The Bank may also use the proceeds to expand services, expand operations or acquire other financial service organizations, diversify into other businesses, or for any other purposes authorized by law. The Corporation will use its proceeds to fund the ESOP and to invest in short-term deposits.

 

 5 

 

 

General (cont.)

 

The Bank has experienced a modest deposit decrease over the past three fiscal years, with deposits decreasing 0.8 percent from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, or an average of 0.4 percent per year. From December 31, 2017, to December 31, 2018, deposits increased by $292,000 or 0.2 percent, compared to a decrease of 0.9 percent in fiscal 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, deposits decreased a modest 3.1 percent or 6.2 percent on an annualized basis.

 

The Bank has experienced an increase in its loan portfolio during the past three years with a decrease in the most recent six months and has focused on monitoring its asset quality position, on controlling its net interest margin and on maintaining a reasonable equity to assets ratio. Equity to assets increased from 14.07 percent of assets at December 31, 2016, to 22.98 percent at December 31, 2018, impacted by the Bank’s minority offering completed in 2017, and then increased to 23.68 percent at June 30, 2019, impacted by the Bank’s decrease in assets.

 

The primary lending strategy of First Federal has been to focus on the origination of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate one-to four-family mortgage loans, the origination of home equity loans, commercial real estate loans, multi-family loans, and commercial loans, with less activity in construction loans and consumer loans.

 

The Bank’s share of one- to four-family mortgage loans has decreased from 49.0 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2016, to 33.3 percent at June 30, 2019. Commercial real estate loans increased from 25.1 percent to 36.3 percent, and multi-family loans decreased from 18.9 percent of loans to 15.9 percent of loans. Construction loans increased from 1.5 percent of loans to 6.6 percent from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019. All types of real estate loans, including home equity loans, as a group decreased slightly from 94.5 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2016, to 92.1 percent at June 30, 2019. The decrease in real estate loans was offset by the Bank’s increases in commercial real estate loans and development loans. The Bank’s share of consumer loans increased from a minimal 0.9 percent to 1.5 percent during the same time period, and commercial business loans increased from 4.6 percent to 6.4 percent of gross loans.

 

 6 

 

 

General (cont.)

 

Management's internal strategy has also included continued emphasis on maintaining an adequate and appropriate level of allowance for loan losses relative to loans and nonperforming assets in recognition of the more stringent requirements within the industry to establish and maintain a higher level of general valuation allowances and also in recognition of the Bank’s stronger growth in loans. At December 31, 2018, First Federal had $2,118,000 in its loan loss allowance or 1.05 percent of gross loans, and 294.17 percent of nonperforming loans with the loan loss allowance increasing to $2,252,000 and representing a higher 1.15 percent of gross loans and a lower 201.64 percent of nonperforming loans at June 30, 2019.

 

The basis of earnings for the Bank has been interest income from loans and investments with the net interest margin being the key determinant of net earnings with an emphasis on strengthening noninterest income and reducing noninterest expenses. With a primary dependence on net interest margin for earnings, current management will focus on striving to maintain the Bank’s net interest margin without undertaking excessive credit risk combined with controlling the Bank’s interest risk position and continue to pursue reducing noninterest expenses, reduce nonperforming assets, and strengthening noninterest income.

 

 7 

 

 

PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW

 

The financial position of First Federal at fiscal year end December 31, 2014, through December 31, 2018 and at June 30, 2019, is shown in Exhibits 1 and 2, and the earnings performance of First Federal for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, through 2018 and for the six months ended June 30, 2019, is shown in Exhibits 3 and 4. Exhibit 5 provides selected financial data at December 31, 2014 through 2018 and at June 30, 2019. First Federal has experienced an increase in its loan portfolio and asset base, with a decrease in cash and investments and deposits from December 31, 2014, through June 30, 2019. The most recent trend for the Bank from December 31, 2018, to June 30, 2019, was a modest decrease in assets, a minimal increase in cash and investments, a modest decrease in loans with a modest decrease in deposits.

 

With regard to the Bank’s historical financial condition, First Federal has experienced a modest increase in assets from December 31, 2016, through June 30, 2019, with a moderate increase in loans, a minimal decrease in deposits and a strong increase in the dollar level of equity, due to the completion of the minority stock offering 2017.

 

The Bank witnessed an increase in assets of $16.8 million or 6.9 percent for the period of December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019, representing an average annual increase of 2.8 percent. Over the past two fiscal periods, the Bank experienced its largest dollar increase in assets of $14.9 million in 2017, due primarily to a $14.3 million increase in cash and investments, with a $4.4 million increase in loans. During the Bank’s prior fiscal year of 2016, assets decreased $1.1 million or 0.5 percent, compared to an increase of $1.1 million or 0.5 percent in 2015.

 

First Federal’s net loan portfolio, which includes mortgage loans and nonmortgage loans, increased from $167.0 million at December 31, 2016, to $193.0 million at June 30, 2019, and represented a total increase of $26.0 million, or 15.6 percent. The average annual increase during that period was 6.2 percent. For the year ended December 31, 2018, net loans increased $27.3 million or 16.0 percent to $198.7 million, compared to a decrease of $5.7 million or 2.9 percent to $193.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

 8 

 

 

Performance Overview (cont.)

 

First Federal has obtained funds through deposits and FHLB advances with a moderate use of FHLB advances totaling $15.8 million at June 30, 2019. The Bank’s competitive rates for deposits in its local market in conjunction with its focus on service have been the sources for competing for retail deposits. Deposits increased $292,000 or 0.2 percent from December 31, 2017 to 2018, and decreased $5.6 million or 3.1 percent, or 6.2 percent, annualized, to $177.6 million at June 30, 2019, from December 31, 2018.

 

The Bank witnessed a strong increase in its dollar equity level from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019, due to the completion of the Bank’s minority stock offering in 2017. At December 31, 2016, the Bank had an equity level of $34.0 million, representing a 14.08 percent equity to assets ratio and increased to $59.4 million at December 31, 2017, representing a higher 23.19 percent equity to assets ratio. At December 31, 2018, equity was $60.4 million and a similar 22.98 percent of assets, and then increased to $61.2 million and a slightly higher 23.68 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

The overall increase in the equity to assets ratio from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019, was also impacted by the Bank’s moderate increase in assets. The dollar level of equity increased $27.2 or 80.0 percent from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019, impacted by the Bank’s minority stock offering completed in 2017, representing an average annual increase of 32.0 percent.

 9 

 

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE

 

Exhibit 6 presents selected operating data for First Federal. This table provides key income and expense figures in dollars for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and for the six months June 30, 2018 and 2019.

 

First Federal witnessed a modest increase in its dollar level of interest income from 2014 to 2017. Interest income was $7.5 million in 2014 and a higher $9.0 million in 2017. Interest income then increased $1,614,000 in the year ended December 31, 2018, to $10.6 million, compared to an increase of $130,000 in 2017. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, interest income increased to $5.55 million or $11.1 million, annualized.

 

The Bank’s interest expense also experienced a moderate increase from 2014 to 2018. Interest expense increased from $909,000 in 2014 to $1,544,000 in 2017, representing an increase of $635,000 or 69.9 percent. Interest expense then increased by $555,000 or 35.7 percent in 2018 to $2,109,000 In the six months ended June 30, 2019, interest expense was $1,411,000 or a higher $2.82 million, annualized. Such increase in interest income from 2014 through June 30, 2019, notwithstanding the smaller increase in interest expense, resulted in a modest dollar increase in annual net interest income but a decrease in net interest margin. Net interest income increased from $6,577,000 in the year ended December 31, 2014, to $7,441,000 in 2017, then increased to $8,500,000 in 2018 and then increased to $4,143,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2019, or $8,288,000, annualized.

 

The Bank has made provisions for loan losses in each of the past five years of 2014 through 2018 and in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The amounts of those provisions were determined in recognition of the Bank’s levels of loans, nonperforming assets, charge-offs and repossessed assets. The loan loss provisions were $523,000 in 2014, $360,000 in 2015, $844,000 in 2016, $419,000 in 2017, $513,000 in 2018 and $155,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The impact of these loan loss provisions has been to provide First Federal with a general valuation allowance of $2,252,000 at June 30, 2019, or 1.15 percent of gross loans and 201.64 percent of nonperforming loans.

 

 10 

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

Total other income or noninterest income indicated an increase in dollars from 2014 to 2018 and then an increase in the six months ended June 30, 2019. Noninterest income was $108,000 or 0.04 percent of assets in 2014 and a higher $891,000 in 2017 or 0.35 percent of assets. In the year ended December 31, 2018, noninterest income was a lower $700,000, reduced by a $204,000 loss on the sale of securities and representing 0.27 percent of assets. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, noninterest income was $411,000 or 0.32 percent of assets, on an annualized basis. Noninterest income consists primarily of service charges, gains and losses on the sale of loans, securities and real estate owned, BOLI income and other income.

 

The Bank’s general and administrative expenses or noninterest expenses increased from $6.52 million for the year of 2014 to $7.84 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, representing an increase of 20.2 percent, then decreased to $7.31 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, or a 6.7 percent decrease, due to decreases in occupancy and equipment expenses and other expenses, and then increased to $3,560,000 or $7,120,000, annualized for the six months ended June 30, 2019. On a percent of average assets basis, operating expenses decreased from 3.15 percent of average assets for the year ended December 31, 2014, to 3.20 percent for the year ended December 31, 2017, then decreased to 2.75 percent for the year ended December 31, 2018, and then decreased to 2.73 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019, annualized.

 

The net earnings position of First Federal has indicated volatility from 2014 through 2018. The annual net income (loss) figures for the years of 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were $(298,000), $978,000, $171,000, $(186,000) and $1,058,000, respectively, and $637,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, representing returns on average assets of (0.14) percent, 0.41 percent, 0.07 percent, (0.08) percent and 0.40 percent for fiscal years 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, and 0.49 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019, annualized.

 

 11 

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

Exhibit 7 provides the Bank’s normalized earnings or core earnings for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank’s normalized earnings typically eliminate any nonrecurring income and expense items. There was one expense adjustment, resulting in the normalized income being higher than actual earnings for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, and equal to $1,370,000. The core income adjustment was a reduction in the loss on sale of securities $199,000.

 

The key performance indicators comprised of selected performance ratios, asset quality ratios and capital ratios are shown in Exhibit 8 to reflect the results of performance. The Bank’s return on average assets changed from 0.07 percent in 2016, to (0.08) percent in 2017, to 0.40 percent in 2018, and then to 0.49 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

The Bank’s net interest rate spread decreased from 3.16 percent in 2016 to 3.13 percent in 2017, then increased to 3.14 percent in 2018, and then decreased to 2.93 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank’s net interest margin indicated a more favorable trend, increasing from 3.25 percent in 2016 to 3.29 percent in 2017, then increased to 3.44 percent in 2018, and decreased to 3.35 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019. First Federal’s net interest rate spread decreased 3 basis points from 2016 to 2017, then increased 1 basis point in 2018 and then decreased 21 basis points in the first two quarters of 2019. The Bank’s net interest margin indicated a more favorable overall trend, increasing 4 basis points from 2016 to 2017, then increasing 15 basis points from 2017 to 2018 and then decreasing 9 basis points in the first two quarters of 2019.

 

The Bank’s return on average equity increased from 2016 to 2018, and then increased again in the first two quarters of 2018. The return on average equity decreased from 0.49 percent in 2016, to (0.50) percent in 2017, then increased to 1.67 percent in 2018, and then increased to 2.09 in the first two quarters of 2019, annualized.

 

 12 

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

First Federal’s ratio of average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities increased modestly from 112.80 percent at December 31, 2016, to 124.12 percent at December 31, 2017, then increased to 135.30 percent at December 31, 2018, and then increased to 137.40 percent at June 30, 2019. The Bank’s overall increase in its ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities is primarily the result of the Bank’s minority stock offering in 2017.

 

The Bank’s ratio of noninterest expenses to average assets increased from 2.95 percent in 2016 to 3.17 percent in 2017, then decreased to 2.67 percent in 2018, and then decreased to 2.61 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019. Another key noninterest expense ratio reflecting efficiency of operation is the ratio of noninterest expenses to noninterest income plus net interest income referred to as the "efficiency ratio." The industry norm is 52.8 percent for all thrifts and 70.2 percent for thrifts with assets of $100.0 million to $1.0 billion, with the lower the ratio indicating higher efficiency. The Bank has been characterized with a moderately lower level of efficiency historically reflected in its higher efficiency ratio, which increased from 89.39 percent in 2016 to 94.04 percent in 2017, then decreased to 79.47 percent in 2018, and then decreased to 78.17 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

Earnings performance can be affected by an institution's asset quality position. The ratio of nonperforming loans to total loans is a key indicator of asset quality. First Federal witnessed a decrease in its nonperforming loans ratio from December 31, 2016 to June 30, 2019, and the ratio is modestly below the industry norm. Nonperforming loans, by definition, consist of loans delinquent 90 days or more, troubled debt restructurings that have not been performing for at least three months, and nonaccruing loans. First Federal’s nonperforming loans consisted of nonaccrual loans with no loans accruing but past due, and no nonaccruing troubled debt restructured loans. The ratio of nonperforming loans to total loans was 0.57 percent at June 30, 2019, increasing from 0.36 percent at December 31, 2018, and decreasing from 1.71 percent at December 31, 2016.

 13 

 

 

Income and Expense (cont.)

 

Two other indicators of asset quality are the Bank’s ratios of allowance for loan losses to total loans and also to nonperforming loans. The Bank’s allowance for loan losses was 0.87 percent of loans at December 31, 2016, increased to 1.00 percent at December 31, 2017, then increased to 1.05 percent of loans at December 31, 2018, and then increased to 1.15 percent at June 30, 2019. As a percentage of nonperforming loans, First Federal’s allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 50.97 percent at December 31, 2016, a higher 144.81 percent at December 31, 2017, a higher 294.17 percent at December 31, 2018, and a lower 201.64 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

Exhibit 9 provides the changes in net interest income due to rate and volume changes for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018, and for the six months ended June 30, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2017, net interest income increased $209,000, due to an increase in interest income of $130,000, increased by a $79,000 decrease in interest expense. The increase in interest income was due to an increase due to rate of $184,000, reduced by a decrease due to volume of $54,000. The decrease in interest expense was due to a $51,000 increase due to rate, reduced by a $130,000 decrease due to volume. For the year ended December 31, 2018, net interest income increased $1,059,000, due to an increase in interest income of $1,614,000, decreased by a $555,000 increase in interest expense. The increase in interest income was due to an increase due to rate of $645,000, accented by an increase due to volume of $969,000. The increase in interest expense was due to a $524,000 increase due to rate, accented by a $31,000 increase due to volume.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, net interest income decreased $41,000, due to an increase in interest income of $513,000, reduced by a larger increase in interest expense of $554,000. The increase in interest income was due to an increase due to volume of $287,000, accented by an increase due to rate of $226,000. The increase in interest expense was due to an increase due to rate of $520,000, accented by an increase due to volume of $34,000.

 

 14 

 

 

YIELDS AND COSTS

 

The overview of yield and cost trends for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and at June 30, 2019, can be seen in Exhibit 10, which offers a summary of key yields on interest-earning assets and costs of interest-bearing liabilities.

 

First Federal’s weighted average yield on its loan portfolio increased 38 basis points from fiscal year 2016 to 2018, from 4.48 percent to 4.86 percent and then increased 8 basis points to 4.94 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The yield on investment securities increased from 2.27 percent to 2.43 percent from 2016 to 2018 or 16 basis points, and then increased to 2.58 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The combined weighted average yield on all interest-earning assets increased 72 basis points to 1.12 percent from fiscal year 2017 to 2018 and then increased 44 basis points to 2.28 percent in the six months ended

June 30, 2019.

 

First Federal’s weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 32 basis points to 1.15 percent from fiscal year 2016 to 2018, which was more than the Bank’s 30 basis point decrease in yield, resulting in a decrease in the Bank’s net interest rate spread of 2 basis points from 3.16 percent to 3.14 percent from 2016 to 2018. The Bank’s cost of interest-bearing liabilities then increased 39 basis points to 1.57 percent, which was more than the Bank’s 21 basis point increase in yield, resulting in a decrease in the Bank’s net interest rate spread. The Bank’s interest rate spread decreased 21 basis points in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank’s net interest margin increased from 3.25 percent in 2016 to 3.44 percent in fiscal year 2018, representing an increase of 19 basis points and then decreased to 3.35 percent in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

The Bank’s ratio of average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities was 113.0 percent for the year ended December 31, 2016, and was 124.0 percent for the year ended December 31, 2017, then increased to 135.0 percent for the year ended December 31, 2018, and then increased to 137.0 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

 15 

 

 

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY

 

First Federal has monitored its interest rate sensitivity position and focused on maintaining a reasonable level of interest rate risk exposure by maintaining higher shares of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate loans and multi-family loans and adjustable-rate home equity loans to offset its moderate share of fixed-rate residential mortgage loans. First Federal recognizes the thrift industry’s historically higher interest rate risk exposure, which caused a negative impact on earnings and economic value of equity in the past as a result of significant fluctuations in interest rates, specifically rising rates in the past. Such exposure was due to the disparate rate of maturity and/or repricing of assets relative to liabilities commonly referred to as an institution’s “gap.” The larger an institution’s gap, the greater the risk (interest rate risk) of earnings loss due to a decrease in net interest margin and a decrease in economic value of equity or portfolio loss. In response to the potential impact of interest rate volatility and negative earnings impact, many institutions have taken steps to reduce their gap position. This frequently results in a decline in the institution’s net interest margin and overall earnings performance. First Federal has responded to the interest rate sensitivity issue by increasing its shares of adjustable-rate one to four family loans and commercial real estate loans.

 

The Bank measures its interest rate risk through the use of its economic value of equity (“EVE”) of the expected cash flows from interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and any off-balance sheets contracts. The EVE for the Bank is calculated on a quarterly basis by an outside firm, showing the Bank’s EVE to asset ratio, the dollar change in EVE, and the change in the EVE ratio for the Bank under rising and falling interest rates. Such changes in EVE ratio under changing rates are reflective of the Bank’s interest rate risk exposure.

 

There are numerous factors which have a measurable influence on interest rate sensitivity in addition to changing interest rates. Such key factors to consider when analyzing interest rate sensitivity include the loan payoff schedule, accelerated principal payments, sale of fixed-rate loans, deposit maturities, interest rate caps on adjustable-rate mortgage loans and deposit withdrawals.

 

 16 

 

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity (cont.)

 

Exhibit 11 provides the Bank’s EVE levels and ratios as of June 30, 2019, based on the most recent calculations and reflects the changes in the Bank’s EVE levels under rising and declining interest rates.

 

The Bank’s change in its EVE level at June 30, 2019, based on a rise in interest rates of 100 basis points was a 1.5 percent decrease, representing a dollar decrease in equity value of $816,000. In contrast, based on a decline in interest rates of 100 basis points, the Bank’s EVE level was estimated to increase 0.1 percent or $49,000 at June 30, 2019. The Bank’s exposure increases to a 4.8 percent decrease under a 200 basis point rise in rates, representing a dollar decrease in equity of $2,624,000. The Bank’s exposure is not reasonably measurable based on a 200 basis point decrease in interest rates, due to the currently low level of interest rates.

 

The Bank’s post shock EVE ratio based on a 200 basis point rise in interest rates is 21.00 percent and indicates a 29 basis point decrease from its 21.29 percent based on no change in interest rates.

 

The Bank is aware of its interest rate risk exposure under rapidly rising rates and falling rates. Due to First Federal’s recognition of the need to control its interest rate exposure, the Bank has been moderately active in the origination of adjustable-rate loans. The Bank plans to increase its lending activity in the future and continue to maintain a moderate share of adjustable-rate loans. The Bank will also continue to focus on strengthening its EVE ratio, recognizing the planned second stage offering will strengthen the Bank’s equity level and EVE ratio, based on any change in interest rates.

 

 17 

 

 

LENDING ACTIVITIES

 

First Federal has focused its lending activity on the origination of conventional mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings, commercial real estate and multi-family loans, home equity loans, construction loans, commercial business loans and consumer loans. Exhibit 12 provides a summary of First Federal’s loan portfolio by loan type at December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, and at June 30, 2019.

 

The primary loan type for First Federal has been residential loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings, representing a moderate 33.3 percent of the Bank’s gross loans as of June 30, 2019. This share of loans has seen a moderate decrease from 49.0 percent at December 31, 2016 The second largest real estate loan type as of June 30, 2019, was commercial real estate loans, which comprised a strong 36.3 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2019, compared to 25.1 percent as of December 31, 2016. The third largest real estate loan type was multi-family loans, which comprised a moderate 15.9 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2019, compared to a larger 18.9 percent at December 31, 2016. The fourth largest real estate loan category was development loans, which represented 6.6 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2019, compared to a lesser 1.5 percent at December 31, 2016. These four real estate loan categories represented a strong 92.1 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2019, compared to a similar 94.5 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2016.

 

The Bank had a modest 6.4 percent of loans in commercial business loans at June 30, 2019, up from 4.6 at December 31, 2016. The consumer loan category was the smallest loan category at June 30, 2019, and represented a minimal 1.5 percent of gross loans compared to 0.9 percent at December 31, 2016. Consumer loans were also the smallest loan category at December 31, 2016. The Bank’s consumer loans include savings account loans, automobile loans, and other secured and unsecured loans. The overall mix of loans has witnessed a moderate change from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019, with the Bank having decreased its share of one- to four-family loans, offset by an increase in its share of commercial real estate loans.

 

 18 

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

The emphasis of First Federal’s lending activity is the origination of conventional mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residences. Such residences are located primarily in Waukesha County and to a lesser extent in the adjacent Milwaukee County. At June 30, 2019, 33.3 percent of First Federal’s gross loans consisted of loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties, both owner-occupied and nonowner-occupied, excluding construction loans.

 

The Bank offers several types of adjustable-rate mortgage loans ("ARMs"), with adjustment periods of one year, five years, seven years and ten years. The interest rates on ARMs are generally indexed to the weekly average yield on U.S. Treasury rate securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year. ARMs have a maximum rate adjustment of 2.0 percent at each adjustment period and 6.0 percent for the life of the loan. Rate adjustments are computed by adding a stated margin to the index, the U.S. Treasury securities rate. The Bank normally retains all ARMs which it originates. The majority of ARMs have terms of up to 30 years, which is the maximum term offered, with some loans having terms of 15 and 20 years.

 

The Bank’s one- to four-family mortgage loans remain outstanding for shorter periods than their contractual terms, because borrowers have the right to refinance or prepay. These mortgage loans contain “due on sale” clauses which permit the Bank to accelerate the indebtedness of the loan upon transfer of ownership of the mortgage property.

 

The Bank’s other key mortgage loan product is a fixed-rate mortgage loan with First Federal’s fixed-rate mortgage loans having terms of 10 years, 15 years, and 30 years. Fixed-rate mortgage loans have a maximum term of 30 years. The Bank’s fixed-rate mortgage loans normally conform to Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae underwriting standards. The Bank also originates conforming “jumbo loans” residential mortgage loans. The Bank normally sells its jumbo fixed-rate residential mortgage loans in the secondary market, with the Bank selling these loans servicing released.

 

 19 

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

The normal loan-to-value ratio for conventional mortgage loans to purchase or refinance one-to four-family dwellings generally does not exceed 85 percent at First Federal, even though the Bank is permitted to make loans up to a 100.0 percent loan-to-value ratio. While the Bank does make loans up to 100.0 percent of loan-to-value, the Bank requires private mortgage insurance for the amount in excess of the 85.0 percent loan-to-value ratio for fixed-rate loans and adjustable-rate loans. Mortgage loans originated by the Bank include due-on-sale clauses enabling the Bank to adjust rates on fixed-rate loans in the event the borrower transfers ownership. The Bank also requires an escrow account for insurance and taxes on loans with a loan-to-value ratio in excess of 85.0 percent.

 

First Federal has also been an originator of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate commercial real estate loans and multi-family loans in the past and will continue to make multi-family and commercial real estate loans. The adjustable-rate loans have rate caps of 2.0 percent at each adjustment period and 6.0 percent over the life of the loan. The Bank had a total of $69.4 million in commercial real estate loans and $34.5 million in multi-family loans at June 30, 2019, or a combined 51.8 percent of gross loans, compared to a lesser 44.0 percent of gross loans at December 31, 2016.

 

The major portion of commercial real estate and multi-family loans are secured by apartment buildings, small retail establishments, office buildings, and other owner-occupied properties used for business. Most of the multi-family and commercial real estate loans are fully amortizing with a term of up to 25 years, with rates on the adjustable-rate loans adjusting at the end of the initial term of three or five years. The maximum loan-to-value ratio is normally 75.0 percent for multi-family loans and 80.0 percent for commercial real estate loans.

 

The Bank also originates commercial development loans. The Bank had $12.9 million or 6.6 percent of gross loans in development loans at June 30, 2019. The maximum loan-to-value ratio is 65.0 percent of the contract price or completed appraised value, whichever is less.

 

 20 

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

First Federal is also an originator of commercial business loans, which represented a modest 6.4 percent of loans at June 30, 2019. The Bank had $7.6 million in commercial business loans at December 31, 2016, or 4.6 percent of loans. These loans are normally floating-rate and indexed to the Wall Street Journal prime rate or fixed-rate with a term of one to seven years.

 

First Federal also offers consumer loans, with these loans totaling only $2.7 million at June 30, 2019, and representing 1.4 percent of gross loans. Consumer loans primarily include automobile loans, share loans, and other secured and unsecured loans.

 

Exhibit 13 provides a loan maturity schedule and breakdown and a summary of First Federal’s fixed- and adjustable-rate loans, indicating a majority of adjustable-rate loans. At December 31, 2018, 68.6 percent of the Bank’s loans due after December 31, 2019, were fixed-rate and 31.4 percent were adjustable-rate. At December 31, 2018, the Bank had 63.7 percent of its loans due on or before December 31, 2021, or in five years or less. The Bank had a lesser 36.3 percent of its loans with a maturity of more than five years.

 

As indicated in Exhibit 14, First Federal experienced a modest increase in its one-to four-family loan originations and a minimal increase in total loan originations from 2016 to 2018, and total loan origination growth decreased to a smaller level in the six months ended June 30, 2019, and one- to four-family loan origination activity decreased. Total loan originations in 2016 were $58.5 million compared to a moderately larger $68.7 million in fiscal year 2018, reflective of higher levels of multi-family loans and commercial loans originated, increasing from a combined $17.0 million to $29.5 million. Total loan originations were $19.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, or $38.6 million, annualized, led by one- to four-family loan originations, which totaled $10.0 million or $20.0 million, annualized, with commercial real estate loan originations totaling $5.4 million. Multi-family loans increased $10.5 million from 2016 to 2018, and development loans increased $2.5 million from 2016 to 2018. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, one- to four-family loans represented 51.8 percent of total loan originations, followed by commercial real estate loans, responsible for 28.1 percent of total loan originations.

 

 21 

 

 

Lending Activities (cont.)

 

Overall, loan originations and purchases exceeded loan sales, principal payments, loan repayments and other deductions in 2017 and 2018 and fell short in 2016 and in the six months ended June 30, 2019. In 2016, loan originations and purchases fell short of reductions by $5.2 million, with $6.0 million in loans purchased, then exceeded reductions by $27.7 million in 2018, impacted by $13.0 million in loans sold, with $68.7 million in loan originations, and then fell short of reductions by $5.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, or $11.0 million, annualized.

 

 22 

 

 

NONPERFORMING ASSETS

 

First Federal understands asset quality risk and the direct relationship of such risk to delinquent loans and nonperforming assets, including real estate owned. The quality of assets has been a key concern to financial institutions throughout many regions of the country. A number of financial institutions have been confronted with higher levels of nonperforming assets over the past few years and have been forced to recognize significant losses, setting aside major valuation allowances.

 

A sharp increase in nonperforming assets has often been related to specific regions of the country and has frequently been associated with higher risk loans, including commercial real estate loans and multi-family loans and nonowner-occupied single-family loans. First Federal has a currently lower level of nonperforming assets, with nonperforming assets decreasing noticeably since December 31, 2016.

 

Exhibit 15 provides a summary of First Federal’s delinquent loans at December 31, 2016 2017, and 2018, and at June 30, 2019, indicating an overall decrease in the dollar amount of delinquent loans from December 31, 2016, to June 30, 2019. The Bank had $807,000 in loans delinquent 30 to 89 days at June 30, 2019. Loans delinquent 90 days or more totaled zero at June 30, 2019, with these two categories representing 0.41 percent of gross loans, with most of them one- to four-family real estate loans. At December 31, 2016, delinquent loans of 30 to 89 days totaled $1,969,000 or 1.17 percent of gross loans and loans delinquent 90 days or more totaled $974,000 or 0.58 percent of gross loans for a combined total of $2,943,000 and a higher share of 1.75 percent of gross loans, compared to a lower $807,000 and a lower 0.41 percent of gross loans at June 30, 2019.

 

It is normal procedure for First Federal’s board to review loans delinquent 90 days or more on a monthly basis, to assess their collectibility and possibly commence foreclosure proceedings. When a loan is delinquent 15 days, the Bank sends a late notice to the borrower and also contact the borrower by a phone call. After 90 days delinquency, a demand letter is sent.

 

 23 

 

 

Nonperforming Assets (cont.)

 

When the loan becomes delinquent 90 days, the Bank considers the loan in default and it is placed on nonaccrual status. A decision as to whether and when to initiate foreclosure proceedings is based on such factors as the amount of the outstanding loan, the extent of the delinquency and the borrower’s ability and willingness to cooperate in curing the delinquency. The Bank generally initiates foreclosure when a loan has been delinquent 90 days and no workout agreement has been reached.

 

Exhibit 16 provides a summary of First Federal’s nonperforming assets at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and at June 30, 2019. Nonperforming assets, by definition, include loans 90 days or more past due, nonaccruing loans, troubled debt restructurings that have not performed, and repossessed assets. The Bank carried a lower dollar level of nonperforming assets at June 30, 2019, relative to December 31, 2016. First Federal’s level of nonperforming assets was $3,566,000 at December 31, 2016, and a lower $1,201,000 at June 30, 2019, which represented 1.48 percent of assets in 2016 and 0.46 percent June 30, 2019. The Bank’s nonperforming assets included $2,899,000 in nonaccrual loans, no loans 90 days or more past due and $667,000 in real estate owned for a total of $3,566,000 at December 31, 2016. At June 30, 2019, nonperforming assets were a lower $1,201,000 or a lower 0.46 percent of assets and included $1,117,000 in nonaccrual loans, $84,000 in real estate owned, with no loans 90 days or more past due.

 

First Federal’s levels of nonperforming assets were lower than its levels of classified assets. The Bank’s ratios of classified assets to assets, excluding special mention assets, were 0.72 percent of assets at December 31, 2017, and a higher 0.81 percent at June 30, 2019 (reference Exhibit 17). The Bank’s classified assets consisted of $1,580,000 in substandard assets, with $84,000 in assets classified as doubtful and no assets classified as loss for a total of $1,664,000 at June 30, 2019. The Bank had $1,755,000 in assets classified as substandard and no assets classified as loss or doubtful at December 31, 2017.

 

 24 

 

 

Nonperforming Assets (cont.)

 

Exhibit 18 shows First Federal’s allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and at June 30, 2019, indicating the activity and the resultant balances. First Federal has witnessed a moderate increase in its balance of allowance for loan losses from $1,478,000 at December 31, 2016, to $2,252,000 at June 30, 2019, in response to its effort to strengthen its ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans. The Bank had provisions for loan losses of $844,000 in 2016, $419,000 in 2017, $513,000 in 2018 and $85,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

The Bank had total charge-offs of $917,000 in 2016, $133,000 in 2017, $196,000 in 2018, and $21,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2019, with total recoveries of $36,000 in 2017, $1,000 in 2018, and none in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank’s ratio of allowance for loan losses to gross loans was 0.87 percent at December 31, 2016, a higher 1.05 percent at December 31, 2018, and a higher 1.15 percent at June 30, 2019. Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 50.98 percent at December 31, 2016, and a higher 294.17 percent at December 31, 2018, and a lower 201.64 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

 25 

 

 

INVESTMENTS

 

The investment and securities portfolio, including certificates of deposit, has been comprised of U.S. government and federal agency securities, municipal securities, interest-bearing deposits, mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt securities. Exhibit 19 provides a summary of First Federal’s investment portfolio at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and at June 30, 2019, excluding FHLB stock. Investment securities totaled $43.2 million at June 30, 2019, based on fair value, compared to $48.6 million at December 31, 2016. The Bank had $22.9 million in mortgage-backed securities at December 31, 2016, and $31.1 million at June 30, 2019. Mortgage-backed securities represented the largest category of the Bank’s investments at June 30, 2019, followed by municipal securities. In 2016, mortgage-backed securities was also the largest investment category followed by municipal securities.

 

The second key component of cash and investments at June 30, 2019, was municipal securities, totaling $7.6 million and representing 15.5 percent of total cash and investments, excluding FHLB stock, compared to $15.6 million and a larger 32.0 percent at December 31, 2016. The Bank had $609,000 in FHLB stock at June 30, 2019. The weighted average yield on investment securities was 2.58 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and a lesser 2.27 percent in 2016.

 

 26 

 

 

DEPOSIT ACTIVITIES

 

The mix of average deposits by amount at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and at June 30, 2019, is provided in Exhibit 20. There has been a moderate change in total deposits and a modest change in the deposit mix during this period. Total average deposits have decreased from $185.6 million at December 31, 2016, to $181.4 million at June 30, 2019, representing a decrease of $4.2 million or 2.3 percent. Average certificates of deposit have increased from $87.5 million at December 31, 2016, to $87.7 million at June 30, 2019, representing an increase of $213,000 or 0.2 percent, while average savings, transaction and MMDA accounts have decreased $4.4 million from $98.1 million at December 31, 2016, to $93.7 million at June 30, 2019, or 4.5 percent.

 

Exhibit 21 provides a breakdown of the Bank’s certificates of deposits in amounts of $100,000 or more by maturity. The largest category of these certificates based on maturity is certificates with a maturity of six months to one year, which represented a strong 48.6 percent of these certificates followed by certificates with a maturity of over one year to three years, which represented a moderate 20.2 percent of certificates.

 

BORROWINGS

 

First Federal has made moderate use of FHLB advances (reference Exhibit 22) in each of the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, and in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank had total FHLB advances of $15.8 million at June 30, 2019, with a weighted cost of 2.16 percent during the period and a balance of a higher $21.3 million at December 31, 2016, with a weighted cost of a higher 1.16 percent during the period.

 

SUBSIDIARIES

 

First Federal has no subsidiaries.

 

 27 

 

 

OFFICE PROPERTIES

 

First Federal had four offices at June 30, 2019, its main office and a branch in Waukesha, a branch in Brookfield, and a branch in Milwaukee. The Bank owns all of its offices (reference Exhibit 23). At June 30, 2019, the Bank’s total investment in fixed assets, based on depreciated cost, was $4.9 million or 1.89 percent of assets.

 

 28 

 

 

MANAGEMENT

 

Mr. Edward H. Schaefer has served as chief executive officer, president and a director of First Federal Bank since July 2016. Mr. Schaefer served as chief executive officer and president of Citizens Community Bancorp and chief executive officer, president and a director of its wholly owned subsidiary, Citizens Community Federal N.A., from January 2010 to July 2016. Mr. Schaefer was a consultant to the Corporation from October 1, 2009, until January 4, 2010. For the years prior to Citizens Community, Mr. Schaefer held positions of vice president and president of various Norwest Bank entities, most recently as president of Norwest Bank/Wells Fargo, in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Ms. Nikola B. Schaumberg is chief financial officer of First Federal, a position she has held since November 2012. Ms. Schaumberg has over 20 years of experience in accounting and in the financial services industry, including public accounting with KPMG and eleven years as the controller for Westbury Bank (f/k/a West Bend Savings Bank). Mr. David D. Rosenwald is chief lending officer of First Federal where he oversees all lending for the Bank. Mr. Rosenwald served First Federal as senior vice president– commercial banking division head from February of 2013 to October of 2016 before assuming his current role. Mr. Rosenwald has 37 years of commercial, residential and consumer lending experience, including from 2007 to 2013 with Pyramax Bank as SVP–commercial real estate/residential real estate manager, 2001 to 2006 as SVP–commercial lending officer for Associated Bank. Prior to that Mr. Rosenwald served in various roles for US Bank from 1990 to 2001, including mortgage lender, branch manager and commercial credit officer. Mr. Rosenwald began his banking career with Bank One where he served as a consumer lender, personal banker and indirect lending manager. Mr. Gary L. Wollenzien serves as compliance/internal audit officer, Bank Secrecy Act officer, Community Reinvestment Act officer, security officer and Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act officer of First Federal, positions he has held since March 2015. Mr. Wollenzien previously served as assistant vice president-internal audit manager and senior internal auditor at Guaranty Bank, FSB from April 2012 until November 2014. Mr. Wollenzien served in internal audit consultant roles with Baker Tilly Search & Staffing, LLC from January 2012 until March 2012 and Titus from January 2011 until December 2011. Mr. Wollenzien served as risk & advisory services manager/audit manager with Assurant, Inc., an insurance holding company, almost 10 years. For the 21 years prior to Assurant, Inc., Mr. Wollenzien held positions as audit supervisor, senior internal audit and accountant with Firstar Corporation and First Financial Bank in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Mr. Duane R. Kilby serves as a vice president and manager of the residential/consumer lending department of First Federal since September 2014. Mr. Kilby has over 36 years of lending experience, with the most recent 18 years in residential. Prior to First Federal, he was a senior mortgage loan officer with Pyramax Bank from November 2008 to September 2014, Associated Bank from April 2001 to November 2008, and an assistant vice president in consumer lending with TCF Bank from May 1995 to March 2001.

 

 29 

 

 

II.DESCRIPTION OF PRIMARY MARKET AREA

 

First Federal's market area is focused on Waukesha County, Wisconsin, and extends into the southern portion of Milwaukee County. Exhibit 25 shows the trends in population, households and income for Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States. Milwaukee County’s population increased by 0.8 percent from 2000 to 2010, Waukesha County’s population increased by 8.1 percent, while Wisconsin’s and the United States’ population levels increased by 6.0 percent and 9.7 percent, respectively, during the same time period. Through 2024, population is projected to increase by 0.5 percent, 5.6 percent, 3.9 percent and 10.7 percent in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States respectively.

 

More important is the trend in households. Milwaukee County experienced a 1.6 percent increase in households from 2000 through 2010, compared to increases of 12.9 percent in Waukesha County, 9.4 percent in Wisconsin and 10.7 percent in the United States. All areas are projected to increase in number of households from 2010 through 2024, by 1.3 percent in Milwaukee County, by 8.8 percent in Waukesha County, as well as Wisconsin and the United States by 6.1 percent and 10.7 percent, respectively.

 

Milwaukee County had the lowest level per capita income level in both 2000 and 2010, while Waukesha County maintained the highest per capita income level in both years. Per capita income increased in all areas from 2000 to 2010. Milwaukee County’s per capita income increased to $24,254, Waukesha County’s per capita income level increased to $37,282. Wisconsin’s per capita income level increased to $27,192 and the United States’ per capita income level increased to $26,059. In 2000, median household income in the two counties were $38,100 in Milwaukee County and $62,839 in Waukesha County, with Wisconsin at $43,791 and the United States with a median household income of $41,994. Median household income increased from 2000 to 2010 by 14.4 percent, 20.4 percent, 19.6 percent and 19.2 percent to $43,599, $75,689, $52,374 and $50,046 in Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. All areas are also projected to show increases in their median household income levels from 2010 through 2024. The median household income levels in Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States are projected to increase by 31.6 percent, 26.1 percent, 32.4 percent and 25.7 percent, respectively, to $57,366, $95,444, $69,363 and $62,901, respectively, from 2010 to 2024.

 

 30 

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

Exhibit 26 provides a summary of key housing data for Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States. In 2000, Milwaukee County had the lowest rate of owner-occupancy at 52.6 percent, lower than Waukesha County at 76.4 percent, Wisconsin at 68.4 percent and the United States at 66.2 percent. As a result, Milwaukee County supported a higher rate of renter-occupied housing of 47.4 percent, compared to 23.6 percent Waukesha County, 31.6 percent in Wisconsin and 33.8 percent in the United States. In 2010, owner-occupied housing decreased slightly in Milwaukee County to 51.3 percent and increased slightly in Waukesha County to 76.8 percent, decreased in Wisconsin to 68.1 percent and in the United States to 65.4 percent. Conversely, the renter-occupied rates increased slightly in Milwaukee County to 48.7 percent, in Wisconsin to 31.9 percent and in the United States to 34.6 percent. The renter-occupied percentage decreased slightly in Waukesha County to 23.2 percent.

 

Milwaukee County's 2000 median housing value was $103,200, lower than all other areas’ median housing values. The other 2000 median housing values were $170,400 in Waukesha County, $112,200 in Wisconsin, with the United States’ median housing value at $119,600. The 2000 median rent in Milwaukee County was $555, which was lower than Waukesha County at $726 and the United States at $602, with Wisconsin’s median rent level at the lowest level of $540. In 2010, median housing values had increased in Milwaukee County to $162,900, in Waukesha County to $257,700, in Wisconsin to $169,000 and in the United States to $186,200. The 2010 median rent levels were $786, $906, $749 and $871, in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. More recently, median housing values for 2017 were $150,300, $262,700, $169,300 and $193,500 for Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively.

 

 31 

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

In 2000, the major source of employment for all areas by industry group, based on share of employment, was the services industry. The services industry was responsible for the majority of employment in both counties, Wisconsin and the United States with 47.6 percent, 40.6 percent, 41.5 percent and 46.7 percent of jobs (reference Exhibit 27). The manufacturing industry was the second major employer in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties and Wisconsin at 18.5 percent, 21.2 percent and 22.2 percent but was the third largest employer in the United States at 14.1 percent The wholesale/retail trade group was the third major overall employer in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties and Wisconsin at 13.6 percent, 16.6 percent, 14.8 percent, and the wholesale/retail trade group was the second major overall employer in the United States with 15.3 percent of employment. The agriculture/mining group, construction group, transportation/utilities, information and finance/insurance/real estate group combined to provide 20.3 percent of employment in Milwaukee County, 21.6 percent of employment in Waukesha County, 21.5 percent of employment in Wisconsin and 23.9 percent in the United States.

 

In 2010, the services industry, manufacturing industry and wholesale/retail trade industry provided the first, second and third highest levels of employment, respectively, for Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties and Wisconsin. In Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties and Wisconsin the manufacturing sector remained the second highest employer with the wholesale/retail industry third. The services industry accounted for 54.1 percent, 45.5 percent, 46.8 percent and 53.2 percent in Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. The manufacturing trade industry provided for 18.5 percent, 21.2 percent, 22.2 percent and 14.1 percent of employment in Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. The wholesale/retail trade group provided 13.6 percent, 16.6 percent, 14.8 percent, and 14.1 percent of employment in Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. In the 2010 Census, the agriculture/mining, construction, transportation/utilities, information, and finance/insurance/real estate sectors accounted for 18.3 percent, 20.5 percent, 20.6 percent and 21.9 percent in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. The 2013-2017 American Community Survey indicated minor changes from the 2010 Census in percentages of employment by industry group, with the exception of a decrease of 0.5 percent in the “Information” category and a decrease of 0.7 percent in the “Finance, Insurance & Real Estate” category.

 

 32 

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

Some of the largest employers in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties are listed below.

 

Employer   Employees   Product/Service
Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield   2,000   Insurance
A.O. Smith   2,537   Water heating equipment
Ascension Wisconsin   14,500   Healthcare
AT & T Wisconsin   3,500   Communications
Aurora Health Care   32,000   Healthcare
BMO Harris Bank   3,400   Financial services
Bon-Ton Department Stores   2,100   Department store
Children’s Hospital & Health System   5,000   Healthcare
Columbia St. Marys   4,500   Healthcare
Cooper Power Systems   2,200   Energy
FIS   2,800   Financial data
Fiserv, Inc.   5,254   Data Processing
Froedtest Health   10,900   Healthcare
GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp   6,000   Diagnosing Systems
Generac Holdings, Inc.   3,800   Manufacturing
Harley Davidson Motor Co.   2,700   Motorcycles/Accessories
Johnson Controls   3,000   Control systems/batteries/auto interiors
Joy Global   3,127   Mining machinery
Kohl’s   7,800   Retail Sales
Manpower Group   19,330   Temporary employment service
Marcus Corp   3,200   Movie Theaters/Hotels
Marquette University   2,800    
Medical College of Wisconsin   5,300   Medical school
Northwestern Mutual   5,585   Insurance
Potawatomi Hotel and Casino   3,000   Entertainment
ProHealth Care   4,800   Healthcare
Quad/Graphics Inc.   7,500   Printing/Marketing
Rexnord   2,084   Process & motion control equipment
Roundy’s/Kroger   8,300   Supermarkets
Rockwell Automation   1,909   Power, controls & information technology
SC Johnson   2,200   Home products, pest control
US Bank   3,500   Financial services
WEC Energy Group   4,300   Electricity, gas & steam utility
Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare   11,000   Heathcare

 

 33 

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

The unemployment rate is another key economic indicator. Exhibit 28 shows the unemployment rates in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States in 2015 through July of 2019. Milwaukee County’s unemployment rates have been higher than Waukesha County’s unemployment rates, while Waukesha County’s rates have been lower than both state and national rates. In 2015, Milwaukee County, Waukesha County, Wisconsin and the United States had unemployment rate of 5.7 percent, 3.8 percent, 4.6 percent and 5.3 percent, respectively. Through 2016, all areas had decreases in unemployment to 5.0 percent in Milwaukee County, to 3.4 percent in Waukesha County, and to 4.0 percent and 4.9 percent in Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. In 2017, unemployment rates again decreased in all areas to 4.0 percent, 2.9 percent, 3.3 percent and 4.4 percent in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States, respectively. In 2018, unemployment rates were 3.6 percent, 2.7 percent, 3.0 percent and 3.9 percent, in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties, Wisconsin and the United States, with the national rate now being the highest of the four areas. Through July of 2019, unemployment rates increased to 4.4 percent, 3.1 percent and 3.4 percent in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties and Wisconsin and to 4.0 percent in the United States.

 

Exhibit 29 provides deposit data for banks and thrifts in Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties in which the Bank has its offices. As of June 30, 2018, First Federal’s deposit base in Milwaukee County was approximately $55.1 million or a 0.1 percent share of the $2.1 billion total thrift deposits and a 0.1 percent share of the total deposits, which were approximately $44.3 billion as of June 30, 2018. First Federal’s deposit base in Waukesha County was approximately $123.5 million or a 9.2 percent share of the $1.3 billion total thrift deposits and a 1.0 percent share of the total deposits, which were approximately $12.4 billion as of June 30, 2018. The total market area is dominated by banks, with bank deposits accounting for approximately 93.9 percent of deposits at June 30, 2018.

 

 34 

 

 

Description of Primary Market Area (cont.)

 

Exhibit 30 provides interest rate data for each quarter for the years 2015 through the second quarter of 2019. The interest rates tracked are the Prime Rate, as well as 90-Day, One- Year and Thirty-Year Treasury Bills. The Prime Rate increased moderately from 2015 to 2017, then continued rising steadily in 2018 and stabilized in 2019. Short term interest rates experienced a modestly rising trend in 2015, then rising at a faster pace in 2016, 2017 and 2018, and then decreasing in 2019, with the Thirty-Year Treasury rate rising in 2015, fluctuating in 2016 and then decreasing in 2017 but increasing in 2018 before decreasing in the first two quarters of 2019.

 

 35 

 

 

SUMMARY

 

In summary, population increased in Waukesha County from 2000 to 2010, and the number of households also increased. The 2010 per capita income and median household income levels in Waukesha County were above state and national levels, and the per capita and median household income levels in Milwaukee County were below both state and national levels. Also, Waukesha County’s unemployment rates have been lower than both state and national rates and Milwaukee County’s have been above Waukesha County’s rates and above state averages. According to the 2010 Census, median housing values in Waukesha County were above the state median, but Milwaukee County’s median housing value was below the national median housing value. Through 2017, Waukesha County’s median housing value is much higher than Milwaukee County’s and the state and national rates. Milwaukee County’s median housing value in 2017 is much lower than all other areas.

 

The Corporation holds deposits of approximately 5.2 percent of all thrift deposits in the two-county market area as of June 30, 2018, representing a minimal 0.3 percent share of the total deposit base of $56.7 billion.

 

 36 

 

 

III.COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION

 

Introduction

 

Integral to the valuation of the Corporation is the selection of an appropriate group of publicly traded thrift institutions, hereinafter referred to as the "comparable group". This section identifies the comparable group and describes each parameter used in the selection of each institution in the group, resulting in a comparable group based on such specific and detailed parameters, current financials and recent trading prices. The various characteristics of the selected comparable group provide the primary basis for making the necessary adjustments to the Corporation's pro forma value relative to the comparable group. There is also a recognition and consideration of financial comparisons with all publicly traded, FDIC-insured thrifts in the United States and all publicly traded, FDIC-insured thrifts in the Midwest region and in Wisconsin.

 

Exhibits 31 and 32 present Share Data and Pricing Ratios and Key Financial Data and Ratios, respectively, both individually and in aggregate, for the universe of 107 publicly traded, FDIC-insured thrifts in the United States ("all thrifts"), excluding mutual holding companies, used in the selection of the comparable group and other financial comparisons. Exhibits 31 and 32 also subclassify all thrifts by region, including the 37 publicly traded Midwest thrifts ("Midwest thrifts") and the 3 publicly traded thrifts in Wisconsin ("Wisconsin thrifts"), and by trading exchange.

 

The selection of the comparable group was based on the establishment of both general and specific parameters using financial, operating and asset quality characteristics of the Corporation as determinants for defining those parameters. The determination of parameters was also based on the uniqueness of each parameter as a normal indicator of a thrift institution's operating philosophy and perspective. The parameters established and defined are considered to be both reasonable and reflective of the Corporation’s basic operation.

 

 37 

 

 

Introduction (cont.)

 

The general parameter requirements for the selection of the peer group candidates included a maximum asset size limit of $1.3 billion, a trading exchange requirement that each candidate be traded on one of the two major stock exchanges, the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ, a geographic parameter that eliminates potential candidates located in the Southwest and West, a merger and acquisition parameter that eliminates any potential candidate that is involved as a seller in a merger and acquisition transaction, and a recent conversion parameter that eliminates any institution that has not been converted from mutual to stock for at least four quarters or prior to June 30, 2019. Due to the general parameter requirement related to trading on NASDAQ or one of the other two major stock exchanges, the size of the peer group institutions results in larger institutions.

 

Inasmuch as the comparable group must consist of at least ten institutions, the parameters relating to asset size and geographic location have been expanded as necessary in order to fulfill this requirement.

 

GENERAL PARAMETERS

 

Merger/Acquisition

 

The comparable group will not include any institution that is a proposed seller in a merger or acquisition as of or prior to August 12, 2019, due to the price impact of such a pending transaction. There are no pending merger/acquisition transactions involving thrift institutions that were potential comparable group candidates in the Corporation’s city, county or market area as indicated in Exhibit 34.

 

 38 

 

 

Trading Exchange

 

It is necessary that each institution in the comparable group be listed on one of the three major stock exchanges, the New York Stock Exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (NASDAQ). Such a listing indicates that an institution’s stock has demonstrated trading activity and is responsive to normal market conditions, which are requirements for listing. Of the 107 publicly traded, FDIC-insured savings institutions, 4 are traded on the New York Stock Exchange and 53 are traded on NASDAQ. There were an additional 50 institutions traded over the counter or listed in the Pink Sheets, but they were not considered for the comparable group selection.

 

IPO Date

 

Another general parameter for the selection of the comparable group is the initial public offering ("IPO") date, which must be at least four quarterly periods prior to June 30, 2019, in order to insure at least four consecutive quarters of reported data as a publicly traded institution. The resulting parameter is a required IPO of June 30, 2018, or earlier.

 

 39 

 

 

Geographic Location

 

The geographic location of an institution is a key parameter due to the impact of various economic and thrift industry conditions on the performance and trading prices of thrift institution stocks. Although geographic location and asset size are the two parameters that have been developed incrementally to fulfill the comparable group requirements, the geographic location parameter has nevertheless eliminated regions of the United States distant to the Corporation, including the Southwest and West regions.

 

The geographic location parameter consists of the Midwest, North Central, Southeast and Northeast regions for a total of fifteen states. To extend the geographic parameter beyond those states could result in the selection of similar thrift institutions with regard to financial conditions and operating characteristics, but with different pricing ratios due to their geographic regions. The result could then be an unrepresentative comparable group with regard to price relative to the parameters and, therefore, an inaccurate value.

 

Asset Size

 

Asset size was another key parameter used in the selection of the comparable group. The total asset size for any potential comparable group institution was $1.3 billion or less, due to the general similarity of asset mix and operating strategies of institutions within this asset range, compared to the Corporation, with assets of approximately $258 million. Such an asset size parameter was necessary to obtain an appropriate comparable group of at least ten institutions.

 

In connection with asset size, we did not consider the number of offices or branches in selecting or eliminating candidates, since that characteristic is directly related to operating expenses, which are recognized as an operating performance parameter.

 

 40 

 

 

SUMMARY

 

Exhibits 35 and 36 show the 19 institutions considered as comparable group candidates after applying the general financial, geographic and merger/acquisition parameters, with the outlined institutions being those ultimately selected for the comparable group using the balance sheet, performance and asset quality parameters established in this section along with being publicly traded on one of the three major exchanges..

 

BALANCE SHEET PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

The balance sheet parameters focused on seven balance sheet ratios as determinants for selecting a comparable group, as presented in Exhibit 35. The balance sheet ratios consist of the following:

 

1.Cash and investments to assets
2.Mortgage-backed securities to assets
3.One- to four-family loans to assets
4.Total net loans to assets
5.Total net loans and mortgage-backed securities to assets
6.Borrowed funds to assets
7.Equity to assets

 

The parameters enable the identification and elimination of thrift institutions that are distinctly and functionally different from the Corporation with regard to asset mix. The balance sheet parameters also distinguish institutions with a significantly different capital position from the Corporation. The ratio of deposits to assets was not used as a parameter as it is directly related to and affected by an institution's equity and borrowed funds ratios, which are separate parameters.

 

 41 

 

 

Cash and Investments to Assets

 

The Bank’s ratio of cash and investments to assets, excluding mortgage-backed securities, was 6.88 percent at June 30, 2019, and reflects the Corporation’s moderately lower share of investments, lower than the national and state averages of 11.2 percent and 12.6 percent, respectively. The Bank's investments have consisted of U.S. government and federal agency securities, municipal securities, other investments and interest-bearing deposits. For its recent two years ended December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, the Corporation’s average ratio of cash and investments to assets was a higher 22.79 percent, ranging from a high of 27.22 percent in 2017 to a low of 18.36 percent in 2018 and was 6.88 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

The parameter range for cash and investments is has been defined as 42.0 percent or less of assets, with a midpoint of 21.0 percent.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets

 

At June 30, 2019, the Corporation’s ratio of mortgage-backed securities to assets was 12.04 percent, moderately higher than the national average of 6.9 percent and the regional average of 6.2 percent for publicly traded thrifts.

 

Inasmuch as many institutions purchase mortgage-backed securities as an alternative to both lending, relative to cyclical loan demand and prevailing interest rates, and other investment vehicles, this parameter is also fairly broad at 32.0 percent or less of assets and a midpoint of 16.0 percent.

 

 42 

 

 

One- to Four-Family Loans to Assets

 

The Corporation’s lending activity is focused on the origination of residential mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family dwellings. One- to four-family loans, including construction loans and excluding home equity loans, represented 25.21 percent of the Corporation's assets at June 30, 2019, which is lower than its ratio of 36.5 percent at December 31, 2018, and lower than its ratio of 43.3 percent at December 31, 2017. The parameter for this characteristic is 70.00 percent of assets or less in one- to four-family loans with a midpoint of 35.00 percent.

 

Total Net Loans to Assets

 

At June 30, 2019, the Corporation had a 75.47 percent ratio of total net loans to assets and a lower three fiscal year average of 70.63 percent, compared to the national average of a higher 75.50 percent and the regional average of 74.27 percent for publicly traded thrifts. The Corporation's ratio of total net loans to assets changed from 69.40 percent of total assets at December 31, 2016, to 75.63 percent at December 31, 2018, to 75.47 percent at June 30, 2019.

 

The parameter for the selection of the comparable group is from 24.0 percent to 90.0 percent with a midpoint of 57.0 percent. The lower end of the parameter range relates to the fact that, as the referenced national and regional averages indicate, many institutions hold greater levels of investment securities and/or mortgage-backed securities as cyclical alternatives to lending, but may otherwise be similar to the Corporation.

 

Total Net Loans and Mortgage-Backed Securities to Assets

 

As discussed previously, the Corporation’s shares of mortgage-backed securities to assets and total net loans to assets were 12.04 percent and 75.47 percent, respectively, for a combined share of 87.51 percent. Recognizing the industry and regional ratios of 82.42 percent and 80.44 percent, respectively, the parameter range for the comparable group in this category is 55.0 percent to 95.0 percent, with a midpoint of 75.0 percent.

 

 43 

 

 

Borrowed Funds to Assets

 

The Corporation had borrowed funds of $15.8 million or 6.10 percent of assets at June 30, 2019, which is lower than current industry averages.

 

The use of borrowed funds by some institutions indicates an alternative to retail deposits and may provide a source of longer term funds. The federal insurance premium on deposits has also increased the attractiveness of borrowed funds. The institutional demand for borrowed funds has increased recently, due to rising rates paid on deposits. Additionally, thrifts are aggressively seeking deposits, since loan demand has increased in the current economic environment.

 

The parameter range of borrowed funds to assets is 50.0 percent or less with a midpoint of 25.0 percent.

 

Equity to Assets

 

The Corporation’s equity to assets ratio was 23.68 percent at June 30, 2019, 22.98 percent at December 31, 2018 and 23.19 percent at December 31, 2017, averaging 23.09 percent for the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2018. The Bank’s retained earnings decreased in 2017, increased in 2018, and increased in the six months ended June 30, 2019. After the second stage offering, based on the midpoint value of $67.0 million, with a public offering of $37.4 million, with 50.0 percent of the net proceeds of the public offering going to the Bank, its equity is projected to increase to 28.69 percent of assets, with the Corporation at 32.0 percent of assets.

 

Based on those equity ratios, we have defined the equity ratio parameter to be 8.0 percent to 25.0 percent with a midpoint ratio of 17.5 percent.

 

 44 

 

 

PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

Exhibit 36 presents five parameters identified as key indicators of the Corporation’s earnings performance and the basis for such performance both historically and the six months ended June 30, 2019. The primary performance indicator is the Corporation's core return on average assets (ROAA). The second performance indicator is the Corporation's core return on average equity (ROAE). To measure the Corporation's ability to generate net interest income, we have used net interest margin. The supplemental source of income for the Corporation is noninterest income, and the parameter used to measure this factor is the ratio of noninterest income to average assets. The final performance indicator is the Corporation's ratio of operating expenses or noninterest expenses to average assets, a key factor in distinguishing different types of operations, particularly institutions that are aggressive in secondary market activities, which often results in much higher operating costs and overhead ratios.

 

Return on Average Assets

 

The key performance parameter is core ROAA. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, the Corporation’s core ROAA was 0.47 percent based on a core income of $1,370,000, as detailed in Item I of this Report. The net ROAA for the year ended December 31, 2018, was 0.40 percent. The Corporation's ROAAs in its most recent three fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, were 0.07 percent, (0.08) percent, and 0.40 percent, respectively, with a three fiscal year average ROAA of 0.13 percent.

 

Considering the historical and current earnings performance of the Corporation, the range for the ROAA parameter based on core income has been defined as 1.15 percent or less with a midpoint of 0.58 percent.

 

 45 

 

 

Return on Average Equity

 

The ROAE has been used as a secondary parameter to eliminate any institutions with an unusually high or low ROAE that is inconsistent with the Corporation's position. This parameter does not provide as much meaning for a newly converted thrift institution as it does for established stock institutions, due to the unseasoned nature of the capital structure of the newly converted thrift and the inability to accurately reflect a mature ROAE for the newly converted thrift relative to other stock institutions.

 

The Corporation’s core ROAE for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was 2.02 percent based on its core income and 1.67 percent in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.

 

The parameter range for ROAE for the comparable group, based on core income, is 11.00 percent or less with a midpoint of 5.50 percent.

 

Net Interest Margin

 

The Corporation had a net interest margin of 3.44 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, representing net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The Corporation's net interest margin levels in its three fiscal years of 2016 through 2018 were 3.25 percent, 3.29 percent, and 3.44 percent, respectively, averaging 3.33 percent.

 

The parameter range for the selection of the comparable group is from a low of 2.00 percent to a high of 4.10 percent with a midpoint of 3.05 percent.

 

 46 

 

 

Operating Expenses to Assets

 

For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, the Corporation had a 2.77 percent ratio of operating expense to average assets. In its three fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, the Corporation’s expense ratio averaged 2.97 percent, from a low of 2.75 percent in fiscal year 2018 to a high of 3.20 percent in fiscal year 2017.

 

The operating expense to assets parameter for the selection of the comparable group is from a low of 1.00 percent to a high of 4.00 percent with a midpoint of 2.50 percent.

 

Noninterest Income to Assets

 

Compared to publicly traded thrifts, the Corporation has experienced a lower level of noninterest income as a source of additional income. The Corporation’s ratio of noninterest income to average assets was 0.30 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019. For its three years ended December 31, 2016 through 2018, the Corporation’s ratio of noninterest income to average assets was 0.36 percent, 0.36 percent and 0.27 percent, respectively, for an average of 0.33 percent.

 

The range for this parameter for the selection of the comparable group is 1.25 percent of average assets or less, with a midpoint of 0.63 percent.

 

ASSET QUALITY PARAMETERS

 

Introduction

 

The final set of financial parameters used in the selection of the comparable group are asset quality parameters, also shown in Exhibit 36. The purpose of these parameters is to insure that any thrift institution in the comparable group has an asset quality position similar to that of the Corporation. The three defined asset quality parameters are the ratios of nonperforming assets to total assets, repossessed assets to total assets and loan loss reserves to total assets at the end of the most recent period.

 

 47 

 

 

Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets

 

The Corporation’s ratio of nonperforming assets to assets was 0.46 percent at June 30, 2019, which is similar to the national average of 0.49 percent for publicly traded thrifts and the average of 0.53 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Corporation’s ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets averaged 0.84 for its most recent three fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, from a high of 1.48 percent in 2016, to a low of 0.30 percent 2018.

 

The comparable group parameter for nonperforming assets is 1.20 percent or less of total assets, with a midpoint of 0.70 percent.

 

Repossessed Assets to Assets

 

The Corporation had repossessed assets of $84,000 at June 30, 2019, representing a ratio to total assets of 0.03 percent, following ratios of repossessed assets to total assets of 0.03 percent and 0.24 percent at December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively. National and regional averages were 0.09 percent and 0.13 percent, respectively, for publicly traded thrift institutions.

 

The range for the repossessed assets to total assets parameter is 0.25 percent of assets or less with a midpoint of 0.13 percent.

 

 48 

 

 

Loans Loss Reserves to Assets

 

The Corporation had an allowance for loan losses of $2,252,000, representing a loan loss allowance to total assets ratio of 0.87 percent at June 30, 2019, which was similar to its 0.81 percent ratio at December 31, 2018, and higher than its 0.70 percent ratio at December 31, 2017.

 

The loan loss allowance to assets parameter range used for the selection of the comparable group required a minimum ratio of 0.10 percent of assets.

 

THE COMPARABLE GROUP

 

With the application of the parameters previously identified and applied, the final comparable group represents ten institutions identified in Exhibits 36, 37 and 38. The comparable group institutions range in size from $140.6 million to $1.2 billion with an average asset size of $620.9 million and have an average of 8.0 offices per institution. Two of the comparable group institutions are in New York, two are in Pennsylvania, and one each in Maryland, Nebraska, Massachusetts, Ohio, Minnesota and Illinois, and all ten are traded on NASDAQ.

 

The comparable group institutions as a unit have a ratio of equity to assets of 10.81 percent, which is 8.5 percent lower than all publicly traded thrift institutions in the United States; and for the most recent four quarters indicated a core return on average assets of 0.71 percent, lower than all publicly traded thrifts at 0.98 percent and publicly traded Wisconsin thrifts at 0.81 percent.

 

 49 

 

 

IV.ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

 

This section reviews and compares the financial performance of the Corporation to all publicly traded thrifts, to publicly traded thrifts in the Midwest region and to Wisconsin thrifts, as well as to the ten institutions constituting the Corporation’s comparable group, as selected and described in the previous section. The comparative analysis focuses on financial condition, earning performance and pertinent ratios as presented in Exhibits 39 through 44.

 

As presented in Exhibits 40 and 41, at June 30, 2019, the Corporation’s total equity of 23.68 percent of assets was higher than the comparable group at 10.81 percent, all thrifts at 11.81 percent, Midwest thrifts at 11.58 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at 12.32 percent. The Corporation had a 75.47 percent share of net loans in its asset mix, higher than the comparable group at 74.14 percent, similar to all thrifts at 75.50 percent, lower than Wisconsin thrifts at 80.10 percent and higher than Midwest thrifts at 74.27 percent. The Corporation’s slightly higher share of net loans and lower 6.88 percent share of cash and investments is primarily the result of its higher 12.04 percent share of mortgage-backed securities. The comparable group had a higher 13.29 percent share of cash and investments and a lower 8.10 percent share of mortgage-backed securities. All thrifts had 6.92 percent of assets in mortgage-backed securities and 11.28 percent in cash and investments. The Corporation’s 68.73 percent share of deposits was lower than the comparable group, all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Wisconsin thrifts, reflecting the Corporation's lower share of borrowed funds of 6.10 percent and higher share of equity of 23.68 percent. As ratios to assets, the comparable group had deposits of 76.36 percent and borrowings of 11.63 percent. All thrifts averaged a 77.72 percent share of deposits and 9.25 percent of borrowed funds, while Midwest thrifts had a 79.23 percent share of deposits and an 8.23 percent share of borrowed funds. Wisconsin thrifts averaged a 73.23 percent share of deposits and a higher 13.18 percent share of borrowed funds. The Corporation had 0.03 percent in goodwill and intangible assets, compared to 0.46 percent for the comparable group, 0.87 percent for all thrifts, 0.52 percent for Midwest thrifts and 0.04 percent for Wisconsin thrifts.

 

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Analysis of Financial Performance (cont.)

 

Operating performance indicators are summarized in Exhibits 42, 43 and 44 and provide a synopsis of key sources of income and key expense items for the Corporation in comparison to the comparable group, all thrifts, and regional thrifts for the trailing four quarters.

 

As shown in Exhibit 44, for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, the Corporation had a yield on average interest-earning assets exceeding the comparable group and higher than all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Wisconsin thrifts. The Corporation's yield on interest-earning assets was 4.52 percent compared to the comparable group at 4.22 percent, all thrifts at 4.40 percent, Midwest thrifts at 4.34 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at 4.19 percent.

 

The Corporation's cost of funds for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was higher than the comparable group, all thrifts, Midwest thrifts and Wisconsin thrifts. The Corporation had an average cost of interest-bearing liabilities of 1.79 percent compared to 1.44 percent for the comparable group, 1.17 percent for all thrifts, 1.05 percent for Midwest thrifts and 1.29 percent for Wisconsin thrifts. The Corporation's yield on interest-earning assets and interest cost resulted in a net interest spread of 2.74 percent, which was similar to the comparable group at 2.77 percent, lower than all thrifts at 3.23 percent, Midwest thrifts at 3.28 percent and lower than Wisconsin thrifts at 2.90 percent. The Corporation generated a net interest margin of 3.44 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, based on its ratio of net interest income to average interest-earning assets, which was higher than the comparable group ratio of 3.16 percent. All thrifts averaged a higher 3.47 percent net interest margin for the trailing four quarters, with Midwest thrifts at 3.47 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at a lower 3.26 percent.

 

The Corporation’s major source of earnings is interest income, as indicated by the operations ratios presented in Exhibit 43. The Corporation had $364,000 in provision for loan losses during the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, representing 0.14 percent of average assets. The average provision for loan losses for the comparable group was 0.04 percent, with all thrifts at 0.07 percent, Midwest thrifts at 0.05 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at zero percent.

 

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Analysis of Financial Performance (cont.)

 

The Corporation's total noninterest income was $774,000 or 0.30 percent of average assets for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019. Such a ratio of noninterest income to average assets was lower than the comparable group at 0.67 percent, and lower than all thrifts at 0.97 percent, Midwest thrifts at 1.51 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at 2.42 percent. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, the Corporation’s operating expense ratio was 2.77 percent of average assets, higher than the comparable group at 2.59 percent, lower than all thrifts at 3.10 percent, Midwest thrifts at 3.77 percent, and Wisconsin thrifts at 4.35 percent.

 

The overall impact of the Corporation’s income and expense ratios is reflected in its net income and return on assets. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, the Corporation had a net ROAA of 0.47 percent and core ROAA of 0.41 percent. For its most recent four quarters, the comparable group had a higher net ROAA of 0.73 percent and a core ROAA of 0.71 percent. All publicly traded thrifts averaged a higher net ROAA of 1.00 percent and 0.98 percent core ROAA, with Midwest thrifts a 1.13 percent net ROAA and a 1.09 percent core ROAA. The twelve month net ROAA for the 3 Wisconsin thrifts was 0.80 percent and their core ROAA was 0.81 percent.

 

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V.MARKET VALUE ADJUSTMENTS

 

This is a conclusive section where adjustments are made to determine the pro forma market value or appraised value of the Corporation based on a comparison of First Federal with the comparable group. These adjustments will take into consideration such key items as earnings performance, primary market area, financial condition, asset and deposit growth, dividend payments, subscription interest, liquidity of the stock to be issued, management, and market conditions or marketing of the issue. It must be noted that all of the institutions in the comparable group have their differences among themselves and relative to the Bank, and, as a result, such adjustments become necessary.

 

EARNINGS PERFORMANCE

 

In analyzing earnings performance, consideration was given to net interest income, the amount and volatility of interest income and interest expense relative to changes in market area conditions and to changes in overall interest rates, the quality of assets as it relates to the presence of problem assets which may result in adjustments to earnings due to provisions for loan losses, the balance of current and historical nonperforming assets and real estate owned, the balance of valuation allowances to support any problem assets or nonperforming assets, the amount and volatility of noninterest income, and the amount and ratio of noninterest expenses. The earnings performance analysis was based on the Bank’s respective net and core earnings for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, with comparisons to the core earnings of the comparable group, all thrifts and other geographical subdivisions.

 

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Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

As discussed earlier, the Bank has experienced increases in its assets and loans in three of the past four fiscal years with a decrease in deposits and then decreases in assets, loans and deposits in the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Bank has experienced lower earnings in three of the past five years with losses in the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2017, and is focused on reducing operating expenses; increasing its net interest margin; monitoring and strengthening its ratio of interest sensitive assets relative to interest sensitive liabilities, thereby maintaining its overall interest rate risk; and maintaining adequate allowances for loan losses to reduce the impact of any charge-offs. Historically, the Bank has been characterized with a slightly higher yield on earning assets but a higher cost of funds, resulting in a lower net interest spread, which has been below industry averages, and lower than its comparable group, but a higher net interest margin due to the Bank’s higher equity, with the trend experiencing a modest increase over the past three years and its 3.44 percent net interest margin for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was similar to the industry average of 3.47 percent and higher than the comparable group average of 3.16 percent. During its past two years ended December 31, 2018, First Federal’s ratio of interest expense to interest-bearing liabilities has increased noticeably from 0.85 percent in 2017 to 1.15 percent in 2018, and then to 1.79 percent in the twelve months ended June 30, 2019 The Bank’s ratio was higher than the average of 1.44 percent for the comparable group and higher than the average of 1.17 percent for all thrifts. Following the conversion, the Bank will strive to reduce its operating expenses, strive to increase its net interest margin, maintain its noninterest income, gradually increase its net income, increase its return on assets, continue to control its lower balance of nonperforming and classified assets, and closely monitor its interest rate risk.

 

The Bank has experienced a slight increase in total loan origination activity dominated by mortgage loans with minimal activity in nonmortgage loans, with commercial real estate loan activity increasing in 2017 and 2018. Total loan originations in fiscal year 2018 were modestly below originations for 2017, and net loan change in 2017 was an increase of $4.7 million due to higher commercial real estate loans, compared to an increase of $27.7 million in 2018, due to lower principal repayments. Gross loan originations were modestly lower in fiscal year 2018 compared to 2017, related to lower commercial real estate loan originations, lower one- to four-family loans, higher multi-family loans and higher development loans. Originations totaled $68.7 million in 2018, compared to $74.6 million in 2017, with $4.4 million in loan purchases in 2014 and $5.3 million in 2018. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, loan originations were $19.3 million or $38.6 million, annualized. There were no loan purchases in this period.

 

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Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

From December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, five of the six categories of loans experienced increases in their balances, with commercial real estate loans increasing the most. Commercial real estate loans increased by $27.1 million or 64.2 percent, from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018. Commercial business loans increased by $5.5 million or 72.5 percent from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, development loans increased $5.3 million or 208.8 percent, and one- to four-family loans decreased $9.3 million or 11.3 percent. Overall, the Bank’s lending activities resulted in a total loan increase of $32.4 million or 19.2 percent and a net loan decrease of $31.7 million or 19.0 percent from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, loans decreased $5.5 million or 2.7 percent.

 

The impact of First Federal’s primary lending efforts has been to generate a yield on average interest-earning assets of 4.52 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, compared to a lesser 4.22 percent for the comparable group, 4.40 percent for all thrifts and a lower 4.19 percent for Wisconsin thrifts. The Bank’s ratio of interest income to average assets was 4.24 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, higher than the comparable group at 3.81 percent, all thrifts at 3.97 percent and higher than Wisconsin thrifts at 3.82 percent.

 

First Federal’s 1.79 percent cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was modestly higher than the comparable group at 1.44 percent, higher than all thrifts at 1.17 percent, higher than Midwest thrifts at 1.05 percent and higher than Wisconsin thrifts at 1.29 percent. The Bank's resulting net interest spread of 2.74 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was similar to the comparable group at 2.77 percent, lower than all thrifts at 3.23 percent, lower than Midwest thrifts at 3.28 percent and lower than Wisconsin thrifts at 2.90 percent. The Bank's net interest margin of 3.44 percent, based on average interest-earning assets for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, was higher than the comparable group at 3.16 percent but lower than all thrifts at 3.47 percent and Midwest thrifts at 3.47 percent and higher than Wisconsin thrifts at 3.26 percent.

 

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Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

The Bank's ratio of noninterest income to average assets was 0.30 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, which was moderately lower than the comparable group at 0.67 percent, lower than all thrifts at 0.97 percent, Midwest thrifts at 1.51 percent and Wisconsin thrifts at 2.42 percent.

 

The Bank's operating expenses were higher than the comparable group, but lower than all thrifts, Midwest thrifts, and Wisconsin thrifts. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, First Federal had an operating expenses to assets ratio of 2.77 percent compared to 2.59 percent for the comparable group, 3.10 percent for all thrifts, 3.77 percent for Midwest thrifts and 4.35 percent for Wisconsin thrifts. First Federal had a higher 78.7 percent efficiency ratio for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the comparable group with an efficiency ratio of 67.0 percent. The efficiency ratio for all publicly traded thrifts was 64.8 percent for the most recent twelve months.

 

For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, First Federal generated a lower ratio of noninterest income, a higher ratio of noninterest expenses and a slightly higher net interest margin relative to its comparable group. The Bank had a 0.14 percent provision for loan losses during the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the comparable group at 0.04 percent of assets, all thrifts at 0.07 percent and Midwest thrifts at 0.05 percent. The Bank’s allowance for loan losses to total loans of 1.14 percent was higher than the comparable group and higher than all thrifts. The Bank’s 187.50 percent ratio of reserves to nonperforming assets was lower than the comparable group at 306.50 percent and higher than all thrifts at 146.94 percent and higher than Midwest thrifts at 132.14 percent.

 

As a result of its operations, the Bank's net and core income for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, were lower than the comparable group. The Bank had a return on average assets of 0.47 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, and a return on average assets of 0.40 percent and (0.08) percent in 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Bank’s core return on average assets was an identical 0.47 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, as detailed in Exhibit 7. For their most recent four quarters, the comparable group had a moderately higher net ROAA of 0.73 percent and a higher core ROAA of 0.71 percent, while all thrifts indicated a higher net ROAA and higher core ROAA of 1.00 percent and 0.98 percent, respectively. Midwest thrifts indicated a net ROAA of 0.68 percent and a core ROAA of 0.67 percent.

 

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Earnings Performance (cont.)

 

Following its conversion, First Federal’s earnings will continue to be dependent on a combination of the overall trends in interest rates, the consistency, reliability and variation of its noninterest income, overhead expenses and its asset quality and its future needs for provisions for loan losses. Earnings are projected to represent a higher 0.70 percent in fiscal 2019 followed by earnings based on ROAA of 0.90 percent in 2020 and 0.88 percent in 2021. The Bank’s ratio of noninterest income to average assets decreased in 2018 and has consistently been below industry averages. Overhead expenses indicated a modest decrease overall during the past three fiscal years.

 

In recognition of the foregoing earnings related factors, considering First Federal’s historical and current performance measures, as well as Business Plan projections, a moderate downward adjustment has been made to the Corporation’s pro forma market value for earnings performance, recognizing the need to focus on recent and historical earnings trends.

 

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MARKET AREA

 

First Federal's market area is focused on Waukesha County, Wisconsin, but also includes Milwaukee County in Wisconsin. Population decreased minimally in Waukesha County from 2000 to 2010, and the number of households also decreased minimally. The 2010 per capita income and median household income levels in Waukesha County were above state and national levels, and the per capita and median household income levels in Milwaukee County were below both state and national levels. Also, Waukesha County’s unemployment rates have been lower than both state and national rates and Milwaukee County’s have been above state rate. According to the 2010 Census and the 2017 American Community Survey (Census), median housing values in Waukesha County were above the state median but Milwaukee County’s median housing value was below the national median housing value.

 

The Corporation holds deposits of approximately 5.2 percent of all thrift deposits in the two-county market area as of June 30, 2018, representing a minimal 0.3 percent share of the total deposit base of $56.7 billion.

 

In recognition of the foregoing factors, we believe that no adjustment is warranted for the Bank’s market area.

 

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FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

The financial condition of First Federal is discussed in Section I and shown in Exhibits 1, 2, 5, and 12 through 22, and is compared to the comparable group in Exhibits 39, 40, and 41. The Bank's ratio of total equity to total assets was 23.68 percent at June 30, 2019, which was higher than the comparable group at 10.81 percent, all thrifts at 11.81 percent and Midwest thrifts at 11.58 percent. Based on the second stage offering completed at the midpoint of the valuation range, the Corporation's pro forma equity to assets ratio will increase to 31.81 percent and the Bank's pro forma equity to assets ratio will increase to 24.44 percent.

 

The Bank's mix of assets and liabilities indicates both similarities to and variations from its comparable group. First Federal had a slightly higher 75.47 percent ratio of net loans to total assets at June 30, 2019, compared to the comparable group at 74.14 percent. All thrifts indicated a similar 75.50 percent, with Midwest thrifts at a lower 74.27 percent. The Bank's 6.88 percent share of cash and investments was lower than the comparable group at 13.29 percent, while all thrifts were at 11.28 percent and Midwest thrifts were at 12.61 percent. First Federal’s 12.04 percent ratio of mortgage-backed securities to total assets was higher than the comparable group at 8.10 percent and higher than all thrifts at 6.92 percent and higher than Midwest thrifts at 6.17 percent.

 

The Bank's 68.73 percent ratio of deposits to total assets was lower than the comparable group at 76.36 percent, lower than all thrifts at 77.72 percent and lower than Midwest thrifts at 79.23 percent. First Federal’s lower ratio of deposits was due to its higher share of equity. First Federal had a higher equity to asset ratio of 23.68 percent, compared to the comparable group at 10.81 percent of total assets, with all thrifts at 11.81 percent and Midwest thrifts at 11.58 percent. First Federal had a lower share of borrowed funds to assets of 6.10 percent at June 30, 2019, lower than the comparable group at 11.63 percent and lower than all thrifts at 9.25 percent and Midwest thrifts at 8.23 percent. In 2018, total deposits increased by $292,000 or 0.2 percent. During 2017, First Federal’s deposits decreased by $1.7 million or 0.9 percent from $184.6 million to $182.9 million.

 

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Financial Condition (cont.)

 

First Federal had no goodwill and had a lower share of repossessed real estate at June 30, 2019. The Bank had repossessed real estate of $84,000 or 0.03 percent of assets at June 30, 2019. This compares to ratios of 0.46 percent for goodwill and intangible assets and 0.06 percent for real estate owned, for the comparable group. All thrifts had a goodwill and intangible assets ratio of 0.87 percent and a real estate owned ratio of 0.09 percent.

 

The financial condition of First Federal has not been significantly impacted by its balance of nonperforming assets of $1,400,000 or a lower 0.46 percent of total assets at June 30, 2019, compared to a similar 0.45 percent for the comparable group, 0.49 percent for all thrifts, 0.53 percent for Midwest thrifts and 0.15 percent for Wisconsin thrifts. The Bank's ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets was a lower 10.30 percent at December 31, 2018, and a higher 1.48 percent at December 31, 2016.

 

At June 30, 2019, First Federal had $2,252,000 of allowances for loan losses, which represented 0.87 percent of assets and 1.14 percent of total loans. The comparable group indicated lower allowance ratios, relative to assets and relative to loans, equal to 0.78 percent of assets and a lower 1.00 percent of total loans, while all thrifts had allowances relative to assets and loans that averaged a lower 0.70 percent of assets and a lower 0.89 percent of total loans. Also of major importance is an institution's ratio of allowances for loan losses to nonperforming assets, since a portion of nonperforming assets might eventually be charged off. First Federal’s $2,252,000 of allowances for loan losses represented 187.50 percent of nonperforming assets at June 30, 2019, compared to the comparable group's higher 306.50 percent, with all thrifts at 146.94 percent, Midwest thrifts at 132.14 percent and Wisconsin thrifts’ ratio not meaningful. First Federal’s ratio of net charge-offs to average total loans was 0.01 percent for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, compared to a higher 0.03 percent for the comparable group, 0.04 percent for all thrifts and 0.04 percent for Midwest thrifts.

 

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Financial Condition (cont.)

 

First Federal has a modest level of interest rate risk. The change in the Bank’s EVE level at June 30, 2019, reflecting the most current information available, based on a rise in interest rates of 100 basis points was a 1.5 percent decrease, representing a dollar decrease in equity value of $816,000. The Bank’s exposure increases to a 4.8 percent decrease in its EVE level under a 200 basis point rise in rates, representing a dollar decrease in equity of $2,624,000. The Bank’s post shock EVE ratio at June 30, 2019, assuming a 200 basis point rise in interest rates was 21.00 percent and indicated a 29 basis point decrease from its 21.29 percent based on no change in interest rates.

 

Compared to the comparable group, with particular attention to the Bank’s higher share of equity, level and share of nonperforming assets, asset and liability mix and normal share of allowance for loan loss to loans and lower share to nonperforming assets, we believe that a modest upward adjustment is warranted for First Federal’s current financial condition, due to the Bank’s higher share of equity, higher share of allowance for loan losses to loans, and normal share of nonperforming assets currently but higher share historically.

 

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ASSET, LOAN AND DEPOSIT GROWTH

 

During its most recent two fiscal years, First Federal has been characterized by a modest increase in assets, a moderate increase in loans, and minimal decrease in deposits. The Bank’s average annual asset change from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, was 4.38 percent. This increase compares to a similar 4.1 percent increase for the comparable group, a lower 4.0 percent for all thrifts, and a similar 4.1 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank’s modest change in assets is less than its increase in net loans during the period of an average annual 9.50 percent with a moderate decrease in cash and investments of 6.56 percent. First Federal’s deposits indicate an average annual decrease of 0.4 percent from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, compared to average growth rates of 3.6 percent for the comparable group, 3.1 percent for all thrifts and 3.4 percent for Midwest thrifts.

 

First Federal’s deposits indicated a minimal of 0.2 percent from December 31, 2017 to 2018. Annual deposit change was growth rates of 4.2 percent for the comparable group, 3.8 percent for all thrifts and 3.9 percent for Midwest thrifts. The Bank had $15.8 million in borrowed funds or 6.1 percent of assets at June 30, 2019, compared to the comparable group at 11.6 percent and also had a higher $17.8 million in borrowed funds at December 31, 2018, or 6.8 percent of assets.

 

In spite of its minimal deposit decrease, historically, the Bank grew modestly in 2018, and considering the demographics, competition and deposit base trends in its market area, the Bank’s ability to increase its asset, loan and deposit bases in the future is significantly dependent on its capital position combined with its ability to increase its market share by competitively pricing its loan and deposit products, maintaining a high quality of service to its customers and strengthening its loan origination activity, all impacted by the Bank’s performance by the senior management team. First Federal’s primary market area county experienced increases in population and households in Waukesha County between 2000 and 2010, while the surrounding market area counties experienced a minimal increase. The Bank’s primary market area county also indicated 2010 per capita income above Wisconsin’s and that of the United States, and the median household income level in Waukesha County was also above the state and the national levels. The other market area county of Milwaukee had lower per capita and much lower median household income. In 2010, the median housing value in Waukesha County was higher than that of Wisconsin and also above that of the United States, and the median rent level was also above both state and national levels, while Milwaukee County was lower in all areas.

 

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Asset, Loan and Deposit Growth (cont.)

 

The total deposit base in Waukesha County increased by 4.0 percent from June 30, 2017, to June 30, 2018; and during that period, the number of financial institution offices in Waukesha County decreased by three offices. From June 30, 2017, to June 30, 2018, First Federal’s deposit market share in Waukesha County decreased slightly, from 1.02 percent in 2017 to 0.99 percent in 2018.

 

Based on the foregoing factors, we have concluded that no adjustment to the Corporation’s pro forma value is warranted for asset, loan and deposit growth.

 

DIVIDEND PAYMENTS

 

The Corporation does not currently pay dividends. The payment of cash dividends may occur in the future based upon such factors as earnings performance, financial condition, capital position, growth, asset quality and regulatory limitations. Six of the ten institutions in the comparable group paid cash dividends during the most recent year for an average dividend yield of 1.85 percent and an average payout ratio of 25.60 percent. During that twelve month period, the average dividend yield for all thrifts was a higher 2.77 percent with a payout ratio of 27.61 percent.

 

In our opinion, a modest downward adjustment to the pro forma market value of the Corporation is warranted related to dividend payments.

 

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SUBSCRIPTION INTEREST

 

In 2019, investors' interest in new issues has been somewhat volatile. Such interest is possibly related to the volatile economic conditions and downturn in financial institution stock prices, which could be challenged in the future due to the current interest rate environment and the compression of net interest margin. The selective and conservative reaction of IPO investors appears generally to be related to a number of analytical, economic and market-related factors, including the financial performance and condition of the converting thrift institution, the strength of the local economy, housing market conditions, general market conditions for financial institution stocks and stocks overall, aftermarket price trends and the expectation of merger/acquisition activity in the thrift industry.

 

First Federal will direct its offering initially to depositors and residents in its market area. The board of directors and officers anticipate purchasing $300,000 or 0.8 percent of the stock offered to the public based on the appraised midpoint valuation and the 45.0 percent minority offering. The Bank will form an ESOP, which plans to purchase 8.0 percent of the total shares issued in the conversion.

 

The Bank has secured the services of Janney Montgomery Scott, LLC, Chicago, Illinois, to assist in the marketing and sale of the conversion stock.

 

Based on the size of the offering, recent banking conditions, current market conditions, historical local market interest, the terms of the offering, and recent subscription levels for conversions, we believe that a minimal adjustment is warranted for the Bank’s anticipated subscription interest.

 

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LIQUIDITY/MARKETABILITY OF THE STOCK

 

The Corporation will offer its shares through a subscription and community offering with the assistance of Janney, Montgomery Scott, LLC. The stock of the Corporation will be traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

 

The Bank's total public offering is considerably smaller in size than the average market value of the comparable group. The comparable group has an average market value of $68.6 million for the stock outstanding compared to a midpoint public offering of $36.5 million for the Corporation, less the ESOP and the estimated 30,000 shares to be purchased by officers and directors, resulting in shares sold of just 3,329,000 or $33.3 million. The Corporation’s public market capitalization will be approximately 53.2 percent of the size of the public market capitalization of the comparable group. Of the ten institutions in the comparable group, all trade on Nasdaq with those ten institutions indicating an average daily trading volume of over 3,565 shares during the last four quarters.

 

The comparable group has an average of 4,480,714 shares outstanding compared to 6,700,000 shares outstanding for the Corporation based on the midpoint valuation and including the exchange shares.

 

Based on the higher average market capitalization, shares outstanding and daily trading volume relative to the Corporation, we have concluded that a minimal downward adjustment to the Corporation’s pro forma market value is warranted relative to the liquidity of its stock.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Mr. Edward H. Schaefer has served as chief executive officer, president and a director of First Federal Bank since July 2016. Mr. Schaefer served as chief executive officer and president of Citizens Community Bancorp and chief executive officer, president and a director of its wholly owned subsidiary, Citizens Community Federal N.A., from January 2010 to July 2016. Mr. Schaefer was a consultant to the Corporation from October 1, 2009, until January 4, 2010. For the years prior to Citizens Community, Mr. Schaefer held positions of vice president and president of various Norwest Bank entities, most recently as president of Norwest Bank/Wells Fargo, in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Ms. Nikola B. Schaumberg is chief financial officer of First Federal, a position she has held since November 2012. Ms. Schaumberg has over 20 years of experience in accounting and in the financial services industry, including public accounting with KPMG and eleven years as the controller for Westbury Bank (f/k/a West Bend Savings Bank). Mr. David D. Rosenwald is chief lending officer of First Federal where he oversees all lending for the Bank. Mr. Rosenwald served First Federal as senior vice president– commercial banking division head from February of 2013 to October of 2016 before assuming his current role. Mr. Rosenwald has 37 years of commercial, residential and consumer lending experience, including from 2007 to 2013 with Pyramax Bank as SVP–commercial real estate/residential real estate manager, 2001 to 2006 as SVP–commercial lending officer for Associated Bank. Prior to that Mr. Rosenwald served in various roles for US Bank from 1990 to 2001, including mortgage lender, branch manager and commercial credit officer. Mr. Rosenwald began his banking career with Bank One where he served as a consumer lender, personal banker and indirect lending manager. Mr. Gary L. Wollenzien serves as compliance/internal audit officer, Bank Secrecy Act officer, Community Reinvestment Act officer, security officer and Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act officer of First Federal, positions he has held since March 2015. Mr. Wollenzien previously served as assistant vice president-internal audit manager and senior internal auditor at Guaranty Bank, FSB from April 2012 until November 2014. Mr. Wollenzien served in internal audit consultant roles with Baker Tilly Search & Staffing, LLC from January 2012 until March 2012 and Titus from January 2011 until December 2011. Mr. Wollenzien served as risk & advisory services manager/audit manager with Assurant, Inc., an insurance holding company, almost 10 years. For the 21 years prior to Assurant, Inc., Mr. Wollenzien held positions as audit supervisor, senior internal audit and accountant with Firstar Corporation and First Financial Bank in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Mr. Duane R. Kilby serves as a vice president and manager of the residential/consumer lending department of First Federal since September 2014. Mr. Kilby has over 34 years of lending experience, with the most recent 16 years in residential. Prior to First Federal, he was a senior mortgage loan officer with Pyramax Bank from November 2008 to September 2014, Associated Bank from April 2001 to November 2008, and an assistant vice president in consumer lending with TCF Bank from May 1995 to March 2001.

 

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Management (cont.)

 

During its most recent fiscal year, First Federal has experienced an increase in its net interest margin, typical of the industry, experienced a decrease in noninterest income and reduced its noninterest expenses to assets. The Bank did experience a rise in its cost of funds in 2018. The Bank experienced a loss in 2017, impacted by higher noninterest expenses. The Bank’s asset quality position experienced favorable change from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2018, with nonperforming assets decreasing from 1.48 percent in 2016 to 0.30 percent in 2018 and then decreased to 0.46 percent at June 30, 2019. The Bank has also slightly strengthened its lending activity from 2016 to 2018, with loan originations rising from $58.4 million in 2016 to $68.7 million in 2018 and then decreased in the first two quarters of 2018, to $38.5 million, annualized. The Bank’s management team is confident that the Bank is positioned for continued loan growth and a return to improved profitability following its second stage offering.

 

Overall, we believe the Bank to be professionally and knowledgeably managed, as are the comparable group institutions. It is our opinion that no adjustment to the pro forma market value of the Corporation is warranted for management.

 

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MARKETING OF THE ISSUE

 

The necessity to build a new issue discount into the stock price of a new conversion continues to be a closely examined issue in recognition of uncertainty among investors as a result of the thrift industry's continued high level of competition, dependence on interest rate trends, volatility in the stock market, speculation on future changes, current legislation related to the regulation of financial institutions and their ability to generate selected income.

 

We believe that a new issue discount applied to the price to book valuation approach is appropriate and necessary in this offering. In our opinion, recent market trends, including the recent pricing decreases for several of the most recent conversions, cause us to conclude that a moderate new issue discount is warranted in the case of this offering. Consequently, at this time we have made a moderate downward adjustment to the Corporation's pro forma market value related to a new issue discount.

 

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VI.VALUATION METHODS

 

Introduction

 

As indicated in Section 3 of this Appraisal, in order to moderate the differences among the ten comparable group companies, we will derive their pricing ratios on a fully converted basis by applying pro forma second stage conversion assumptions to their current financial structure. Our application to the Corporation of the market value adjustments relative to the comparable group determined in Section 4 will be the basis for the pro forma market value of the Corporation on a fully converted basis, pursuant to regulatory guidelines.

 

Valuation Methods

 

Historically, the method most frequently used by this firm to determine the pro forma market value of common stock for thrift institutions has been the price to book value ratio method, due to the volatility of earnings in the thrift industry. As earnings in the thrift industry have stabilized and improved in 2018 and 2019, additional attention was given to the price to core earnings method in 2018 but less attention in 2019, considering decreases in bank stock prices during 2019. During the past two years, however, as fluctuating earnings have decreased somewhat, rising but still stable lower interest rates have had varying effects on the earnings of individual institutions, depending on the nature of their operations, the price to book value method has continued to be the valuation focus and more meaningful to the objective of discerning commonality and comparability among institutions. In our opinion, the price to book value method is the appropriate method upon which to place primary emphasis in determining the pro forma market value of the Corporation. Additional analytical and correlative attention will be given to the price to core earnings method and the price to assets method.

 

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Valuation Methods (cont.)

 

In applying each of the valuation methods, consideration was given to the adjustments to the Corporation’s pro forma market value discussed in Section V. Downward adjustments were made for the Bank’s earnings, asset, loan and deposit growth, stock liquidity, dividends, subscription interest and for the marketing of the issue. No adjustments were made for management and market area. A modest upward adjustment was made for the Bank’s financial condition.

 

Valuation Range

 

In addition to the pro forma market value, we have defined a valuation range. The pro forma market value or appraised value will also be referred to as the “midpoint value,” with the remaining points in the valuation range based on the number of shares offered to the public. The number of public shares at the minimum will be 15 percent less than at the midpoint; increasing at the maximum to 15 percent over the midpoint; and further increasing at the maximum, as adjusted, commonly referred to as the supermaximum, to 15 percent over the maximum.

 

Price to Book Value Method

 

In the valuation of thrift institutions, the price to book value method focuses on an institution's financial condition. Exhibit 46 shows the average and median price to book value ratios for the comparable group, which were 107.47 percent and 108.52 percent, respectively. The comparable group indicated a moderate range, from a low of 83.67 percent to a high of 123.74 percent. The comparable group had modestly higher average and median price to tangible book value ratios of 112.71 percent and 112.39 percent, respectively, with a range of 87.69 percent to 130.23 percent. Excluding the low and the high in the group, the comparable group's price to book value range narrowed slightly from a low of 87.14 percent to a high of 122.96 percent; and the comparable group’s price to tangible book value range narrowed modestly from a low of 104.02 percent to a high of 128.21 percent.

 

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Price to Book Value Method (cont.)

 

The Corporation’s book value was $61,184,000 and its tangible book value was an identical $61,184,0006 at June 30, 2019. Considering the foregoing factors in conjunction with the adjustments made in Section V, we have determined a fully converted pro forma price to book value ratio of 72.57 percent and a corresponding fully converted price to tangible book value ratio of 72.57 percent at the midpoint. The fully converted price to book value ratio increases from 65.10 percent at the minimum to 86.21 percent at the maximum, as adjusted, while the fully converted price to tangible book value ratio increases from 65.10 percent at the minimum to 86.21 percent at the maximum, as adjusted.

 

The Corporation's fully converted pro forma price to book value ratio of 72.57 percent at the midpoint, as calculated using the prescribed formulary computation indicated in Exhibit 45, is influenced by the Bank’s capitalization and local markets, subscription interest in thrift stocks and overall market and economic conditions. Further, the Corporation's ratio of equity to assets after the completion of the second stage offering at the midpoint of the valuation range will be approximately 31.81 percent compared to 10.81 percent for the comparable group.

 

Price to Core Earnings Method

 

The foundation of the price to core earnings method is the determination of the core earnings base to be used, followed by the calculation of an appropriate price to core earnings multiple. The Corporation’s after tax core earnings for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019, were $1,370,000 (reference Exhibit 7) and its net earnings were $1,219,000 for that period. To opine the pro forma market value of the Corporation using the price to core earnings method, we applied the core earnings base of $1,370,000.

 

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Price to Core Earnings Method (cont.)

 

In determining the fully converted price to core earnings multiple, we reviewed the ranges of the price to core earnings and price to net earnings multiples for the comparable group and all publicly-traded thrifts. As indicated in Exhibit 46, the average price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group was 24.25, while the median was a lower 13.75. The average price to net earnings multiple was 23.51, and the median multiple was 13.74. The range of the price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group was from a low of 10.16 to a high of 65.42. The range in the price to core earnings multiple for the comparable group, excluding the high and low ranges, was from a low multiple of 11.15 to a high of 61.60 times earnings for eight of the ten institutions in the group, indicating a modest narrowing of the range.

 

Consideration was given to the adjustments to the Corporation's pro forma market value discussed in Section V. In recognition of those adjustments, we have determined a fully converted price to core earnings multiple of 52.49 at the midpoint, based on the Corporation’s core earnings of $1,370,000 for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019. The Corporation’s fully converted core earnings multiple of 52.49 is lower than its net earnings multiple of 59.88, which includes a one-time loss.

 

Price to Assets Method

 

The final valuation method is the price to assets method. This method is not frequently used, since the calculation incorporates neither an institution's equity position nor its earnings performance. Additionally, the prescribed formulary computation of value using the pro forma price to net assets method does not recognize the runoff of deposits concurrently allocated to the purchase of conversion stock or incorporate any adjustment for intangible assets, returning a pro forma price to assets ratio below its true ratio following conversion.

 

Exhibit 44 indicates that the average price to assets ratio of the comparable group was 11.67 percent, and the median was 11.59 percent. The range in the price to assets ratios for the comparable group varied from a low of 8.16 percent to a high of 18.95 percent. The range narrows modestly with the elimination of the two extremes in the group to a low of 8.49 percent and a high of 14.06 percent.

 

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Price to Assets Method (cont.)

 

Consistent with the previously noted adjustments, it is our opinion that an appropriate price to assets ratio for the Corporation is 23.14 percent at the midpoint, which ranges from a low of 20.02 percent at the minimum to 29.56 percent at the maximum, as adjusted.

 

Valuation Conclusion

 

Exhibits 47 through 52 present the pro forma valuation analysis and conclusions, pricing ratios, use of offering proceeds and a summary of the valuation premiums or discounts relative to the three valuation approaches based on the Corporation as fully converted.

 

Exhibit 52 presents the discounts or premiums of the Corporation’s fully converted pricing ratios relative to those of the comparable group. Based on the Corporation’s fully converted price to book value ratio and its equity of $61,184,000 at June 30, 2019, the Bank’s price to book value ratio of 72.57 percent represents a midpoint discount relative to the comparable group of 32.47 percent. The Corporation’s fully converted price to core earnings multiple of 52.49 represents midpoint premium relative to the comparable group of 116.45 percent. Recognizing the Corporation’s June 30, 2019, asset base of $258,324,000, the Bank’s price to assets ratio of 23.16 percent represents a midpoint premium relative to the comparable group of 98.46 percent.

 

It is our opinion that as of August 12, 2019, the pro forma market value of the Corporation is $67,000,000 at the midpoint, representing 6,700,000 shares at $10.00 per share. The pro forma valuation range of the Corporation is from a minimum of $56,950,000 or 5,695,000 shares at $10.00 per share to a maximum of $77,050,000 or 7,705,000 shares at $10.00 per share, and then to a super maximum of $88,607,500 or 8,860,750 shares at $10.00 a share, with such range being defined at 15 percent below the appraised value to 15 percent above the appraised value and then 15 percent above the maximum.

 

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Valuation Conclusion (cont.)

 

Our valuation assumptions, process and conclusions recognize that minority public shareholders collectively own 45.10 percent of the Bank’s outstanding shares, recognizing the $100,000 in net assets held at FFBW MHC, and that the current offering contemplates the sale of the 54.90 percent of the outstanding shares currently owned by FFBW MHC. At the conclusion of the stock offering, the Corporation will own all the common stock of First Federal Bank of Wisconsin in conjunction with the completion of the second stage offering. As indicated in Exhibit 47, in the second stage conversion, each minority share will be exchanged for 1.0114 shares of the Corporation at the midpoint of the offering range, with that exchange ratio being 0.8597 shares, 1.1631 shares and 1.3375 shares ast the minimum, maximum, and super maximum of the offering range, respectively.

 

The appraised value of FFBW, Inc. as of August 12, 2019, is $67,000,000 at the midpoint.

 

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EXHIBITS

 

 

 

 

NUMERICAL

 

EXHIBITS

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 1

 

FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN

 

Balance Sheet

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018

($000)

 

   At June 30,   At December 31, 
   2019   2018 
ASSETS          
Cash and due from banks  $4,351   $1,746 
Fed funds sold   1,046    2,742 
Cash and cash equivalents   5,397    4,488 
Available-for-sale securities; stated at fair value   43,478    43,751 
Loans held-for-sale   1,951    679 
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $2,252 and $2,118, respectively   193,001    198,694 
Premises and equipment, net   4,888    5,057 
Foreclosed assets   84    69 
FHLB stock, at cost   609    739 
Accrued interest receivable   777    768 
Cash value of life insurance   7,105    7,007 
Other assets   1,034    1,474 
           
Total assets  $258,324   $262,726 
           
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY          
           
LIABILITIES          
           
Deposits  $177,553   $183,205 
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance   771    55 
FHLB advances   15,750    17,750 
Accrued interest payable   648    70 
Other liabilities   2,418    1,284 
Total liabilities   197,140    202,364 
           
EQUITY          
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,000,000 authorized, no shares issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018        
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 19,000,000 authorized as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, 6,706,742 and 6,696,742 issued and outstanding, respectively)   67    67 
Additional paid in capital   28,489    28,326 
Unallocated common stock of ESOP (236,823 and 243,303 shares at June 30, 2019 ad December 31, 2018, respectively)   (2,368)   (2,433)
Retained earnings   35,632    34,995 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes   235    (593)
Less treasury stock, 82,055 and 0 shares at cost, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively   (871)    
Total equity   61,184    60,362 
           
Total liabilities and equity  $258,324   $262,726 

 

Source: First Federal Bank of Wisconsin's audited and unaudited financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 2

 

FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN

 

Balance Sheets

At December 31, 2017 2016, 2015 and 2014

 

   December 31, 
   2017   2016   2015   2014 
ASSETS                    
                     
Cash and due from banks  $3,285   $6,911   $3,093   $7,363 
Fed funds sold   8,528             
Cash and cash equivalents   11,813    6,911    3,093    7,363 
Interest-bearing deposits in banks               1,954 
Securities held-to-maturity                
Available-for-sale securities, stated at fair value   58,012    48,613    48,921    49,874 
Loans held-for-sale   109    592    636     
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses   171,355    166,974    172,132    170,100 
Premises and equipment   5,290    7,610    8,009    3,836 
Foreclosed assets   619    667         
FHLB stock, at cost   514    1,347    1,347    1,347 
Accrued interest receivable   782    760    806    810 
Cash value of life insurance   6,558    6,352    6,149    4,469 
Other assets   1,429    1,729    1,602    1,802 
                     
Total assets  $256,481   $241,555   $242,695   $241,555 
                     
LIABILITIES AND RETAINED EARNINGS                    
                     
LIABILITIES                    
Deposits  $182,913   $184,639   $184,206   $193,503 
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance   36    33    41    30 
FHLB advances   12,750    21,277    23,304    13,831 
Accrued interest payable   37    29    28    25 
Other liabilities   1,256    1,579    934    624 
                     
Total liabilities   196,992    207,557    208,513    208,013 
                     
EQUITY                    
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,000,000 authorized, no shares issued or outstanding                
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 19,000,000 authorized, 6,612,500 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 only   66             
Additional paid in capital   28,296             
Surplus                20,550 
Unallocated common stock of ESOP (256,263 shares at December 31, 2017)   (2,563)            
Retained earnings   33,937    34,123    33,952    12,676 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)   (247)   (125)   230    316 
                     
Total equity   59,489    33,998    34,182    33,542 
                     
Total liabilities and equity  $256,481   $241,555   $242,695   $241,555 

 

Source: First Federal Bank of Wisconsin's financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 3

 

FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN

 

Statement of Income

For the Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2019 and the Year Ended December 31, 2018

 

   Twelve Months   Year  Ended 
   Ended   December 31, 
   June 30, 2019   2018 
Interest and dividend income:          
Loans, including fees  $9,843   $9,192 
Securities          
Taxable   1,168    1,290 
Tax exempt   18    49 
Other   93    78 
Total interest and dividend income   11,122    10,609 
           
Interest expense:          
Interest-bearing deposits   2,221    1,677 
Borrowed funds   442    432 
Total interest expense   2,663    2,109 
           
Net interest income   8,459    8,500 
           
Provision for loan losses   364    513 
           
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   8,095    7,987 
           
Noninterest income:          
Service charges and other fees   359    371 
Net gain on sale of loans   337    244 
Net gain (loss) on sale of securities   (216)   (204)
Increase in cash surrender value of insurance   197    194 
Other noninterest income   97    95 
Total noninterest income   774    700 
           
Noninterest expense:          
Salaries and employee benefits   4,180    4,248 
Occupancy and equipment   1,027    1,002 
Data processing   806    719 
Foreclosed assets, net   1    36 
Professional fees   549    508 
Other   704    798 
Total noninterest expense   7,267    7,311 
           
Income before income taxes   1,602    1,376 
           
Provision (credit) for income taxes   383    318 
           
Net income  $1,219   $1,058 

 

Source: First Federal Bank of Wisconsin's audited and unaudited financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 4

 

FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN

 

Statements of Income

Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017

 

   December 31, 
   2017   2016   2015   2014 
                 
Interest and dividend income:                    
Loans, including fees  $7,817   $7,741   $8,040   $6,647 
Securities   1,085    1,093    1,043    835 
Other   93    31    11    4 
Total interest and dividend income   8,995    8,865    9,094    7,486 
                     
Interest expense:                    
Interest-bearing deposits   1,314    1,365    1,094    745 
Borrowed funds   240    268    189    163 
Total interest expense   1,554    1,633    1,283    908 
                     
Net interest income   7,441    7,232    7,811    6,578 
                     
Provision for loan losses   419    844    360    523 
                     
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   7,022    6,388    7,451    6,055 
                     
Noninterest income:                    
Service charges and other fees   279    247    238    164 
Net gain on sale of loans   266    288    200    72 
Net gain (loss) on sale of securities   20    129    15    (258)
Net loss on sale of other assets               (1)
Increase in cash surrender value of insurance   196    198    176    130 
Other noninterest income   130    4    4    1 
Total noninterest income   891    866    633    108 
                     
Noninterest expense:                    
Salaries and employee benefits   3,960    4,051    3,749    2,837 
Occupancy and equipment   1,109    1,012    828    829 
Data processing   605    724    660    441 
Operations of other real estate               85 
Foreclosed assets, net   27    40    (26)    
Professional fees   506    441    401    278 
Other   1,628    971    1,077    2,051 
Total noninterest expense   7,835    7,239    6,689    6,521 
                     
Income before income taxes   78    15    1,395    (358)
                     
Provision (credit) for income taxes   264    (156)   417    (60)
                     
Net income  $(186)  $171   $978   $(298)

 

Source: First Federal Bank of Wisconsin's financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 5

 

Selected Financial Information

At June 30, 2019 and at December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018

(In thousands)

 

   At.                     
   June 30   At December 31, 
   2019   2018   2017   2016   2015   2014 
Selected Financial Condition Data:                              
                               
Total assets  $258,324   $262,726   $256,481   $241,555   $242,695   $241,555 
Cash and cash equivalents   5,397    4,488    11,813    6,911    3,093    7,363 
Avaiolable-for-sale securities   43,478    43,751    58,012    48,613    48,921    51,829 
Loans held-for-sale   1,951    679    109    592    636    215 
Loans, net   193,001    198,694    171,355    166,974    172,132    169,886 
Premises and equipment, net   4,888    5,057    5,290    7,610    8,009    3,836 
Foreclosed assets, net   84    69    619    667         
FHLB stock, at cost   609    739    514    1,347    1,347    1,347 
Accrued interest receivable   777    768    782    760    806    810 
Cash value of life insurance   7,105    7,007    6,558    6,352    6,149    4,469 
Other assets   1,034    1,474    1,429    1,729    1,602    1,800 
Total liabilities   197,140    202,364    196,992    207,557    208,513    208,013 
Deposits and escrow   178,324    183,260    182,949    184,672    184,247    193,534 
FHLB advances   15,750    17,750    12,750    21,277    23,304    13,830 
Other liabilities   3,066    1,354    1,293    1,608    962    649 
Total equity   61,184    60,362    59,489    33,998    34,182    33,542 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

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EXHIBIT 6

 

Income and Expense Trends

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   For the Six Months Ended   For the Years Ended 
   June 30,   December 31, 
   2019   2018   2018   2017   2016   2015   2014 
   (In thousands) 
Selected Operating Data:                                   
Interest and dividend income  $5,554   $5,041   $10,609   $8,995   $8,865   $9,121   $7,486 
Interest expense   1,411    857    2,109    1,554    1,633    1,283    909 
Net interest income   4,143    4,184    8,500    7,441    7,232    7,838    6,577 
Provision for loan losses   155    304    513    419    844    360    523 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses   3,988    3,880    7,987    7,022    6,388    7,478    6,054 
Noninterest income   411    337    700    891    866    606    108 
Noninterest expense   3,560    3,604    7,311    7,835    7,239    6,689    6,520 
Income (loss) before income tax provision (credit)   839    613    1,376    78    15    1,395    (358)
Provision (credit) for income tax   202    137    318    264    (156)   417    (60)
Net income (loss)  $637   $476   $1,058   $(186)  $171   $978   $(298)

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

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EXHIBIT 7

 

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

Normalized Earnings Trends

Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

   Twelve Months 
   Ended 
   June 30, 
   2019 
   (In thousands) 
     
Net income before taxes  $1,602 
      
Adjustments:     
Loss on securities   199 
      
Normalized earnings before taxes   1,801 
      
Taxes   431(1)
      
Normalized earnings after taxes  $1,370 

 

(1)Based on current tax rate of 23.91%.

 

Source: First Federal Bank of Wisconsin's audited and unaudited financial statements

 

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EXHIBIT 8

 

Performance Indicators

At or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and

the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   At or for the Six Months   Years Ended 
   Ended June 30,   December 31, 
   2019   2018   2018   2017   2016 
                     
Performance Ratios:(1)                         
Return on average assets   0.49%   0.37%   0.40%   (0.08)%   0.07%
Return on average equity   2.09%   1.61%   1.67%   (0.50)%   0.49%
Interest rate spread (2)   2.93%   3.18%   3.14%   3.13%   3.16%
Net interest margin (3)   3.35%   3.45%   3.44%   3.29%   3.25%
Efficiency ratio (4)   78.17%   79.72%   79.47%   94.04%   89.39%
Noninterest expense to average total assets   5.46%   5.60%   2.75%   3.20%   2.96%
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities   137.40%   137.50%   135.30%   124.12%   112.80%
Average equity to average total assets   23.32%   22.97%   23.87%   15.04%   14.24%
                          
Asset Quality Ratios:                         
Nonperforming assets to total assets   0.46%   0.36%   0.30%   0.73%   1.48%
Nonperforming loans to total loans   0.57%   0.48%   0.36%   0.69%   1.71%
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans   201.64%   197.11%   294.17%   144.81%   50.97%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans   1.15%   0.95%   1.05%   1.00%   0.87%
                          
Capital Ratios:                         
Total capital to risk-weighted assets   25.60%   25.09%   24.74%   27.83%   21.77%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets   24.49%   24.14%   23.70%   26.82%   20.87%
Tier 1 capital to total assets   19.05%   18.59%   18.40%   17.20%   13.93%

 

(1)Annualized for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2019.
(2)Represents the difference between the weighted average yield on average interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the year.
(3)The net interest margin represents net interest income as a percent of average interest-earning assets for the year.
(4)The efficiency ratio represents noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income.

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 84 

 

 

EXHIBIT 9

 

Volume/Rate Analysis

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2019 and the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2018

 

   Six Months Ended June 30,   Years Ended December 31,   Years Ended December 31, 
   2019 vs. 2018   2018 vs. 2017   2017 vs. 2016 
   Increase (Decrease)       Increase (Decrease)       Increase (Decrease)     
   Due to       Due to       Due to     
   Volume   Rate   Total   Volume   Rate   Total   Volume   Rate   Total 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
Interest-earning assets:                                             
Loans  $473   $178   $651   $851   $524   $1,375   $(106)  $182   $76 
Available-for-sale securities   (182)   29    (153)   170    84    254    (14)   6    (8)
Interest-earnings assets   (3)   17    14    (53)   16    (37)   79    0    79 
FHLB stock   (1)   2    1    1    21    22    (13)   (4)   (17)
Total interest-earning assets  $287   $226   $513   $969   $645   $1,614   $(54)  $184   $130 
                                              
Interest-bearing liabilities:                                             
Demand accounts  $7   $43   $50   $7   $6   $13   $(15)  $(29)  $(44)
Money market accounts   (42)   100    58    (16)   167    151    27    96    123 
Savings accounts   (1)   (5)   (6)   (1)   14    13    (1)   (6)   (7)
Health savings accounts       4    4            0        (13)   (13)
Certificates of deposits   98    340    438    (21)   207    186    (119)   9    (110)
Total deposits  $62   $482   $544   $(31)  $394   $363   $(108)  $57   $(51)
Borrowings   (28)   38    10    62    130    192    (71)   43    (28)
                                              
Total interest-bearing liabilities   34    520    554    31    524    555    (179)   100    (79)
                                              
Change in net interest income  $253   $(294)  $(41)  $938   $121   $1,059   $125   $84   $209 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 85 

 

 

EXHIBIT 10

 

Yield and Cost Trends

At June 30, 2019, For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and

For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

       For the             
       Six Months Ended   For the Years Ended 
   At June 30,   June 30,   December 31, 
   2019   2019   2018   2018   2017   2016 
   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/   Yield/ 
   Rate   Rate   Rate   Rate   Rate   Rate 
Interest-earning assets:                              
Loans   4.81%   4.94%   4.76%   4.86%   4.58%   4.48%
Available-for-sale securities   2.80%   2.58%   2.45%   2.43%   2.28%   2.27%
Interest-bearing deposits   2.40%   2.28%   0.91%   1.84%   1.12%    
FHLB stock   4.95%   5.30%   4.57%   2.71%   2.00%   2.30%
Total interest-earning assets   4.43%   4.50%   4.15%   4.29%   3.98%   3.99%
                               
Interest-bearing liabilities:                              
Demand accounts   1.26%   1.24%   0.31%   0.46%   0.34%   0.71%
Money market accounts   1.74%   1.19%   0.70%   0.84%   0.51%   0.32%
Savings accounts   0.12%   0.13%   0.20%   0.19%   0.10%   0.13%
Health savings accounts   0.30%   0.30%   0.22%   0.26%   0.26%   0.37%
Certificates of deposit   2.15%   2.07%   1.29%   1.52%   1.25%   1.24%
Total interest-bearing deposits   1.69%   1.51%   0.88%   1.05%   0.80%   0.78%
Borrowings   2.18%   2.16%   1.70%   1.92%   1.34%   1.16%
                               
Total interest-bearing liabilities   1.74%   1.57%   0.97%   1.15%   0.85%   0.83%
                               
Net interest rate spread (1)   2.69%   2.93%   3.18%   3.14%   3.13%   3.16%
                               
Net interest margin (2)       3.35%   3.45%   3.44%   3.29%   3.25%
                               
Average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities       137.00%   138.00%   135.00%   124.00%   113.00%

 

(1)Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
(2)Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by total interest-earning assets.

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 86 

 

 

EXHIBIT 11

 

Net Portfolio Value

At June 30, 2019

 

                NPV as a Percentage of Present 
Change in       Estimated Increase   Value of Assets (3) 
Interest Rates   Estimated   (Decrease) in NPV   NPV   Increase/ 
(Basis Points) (1)   NPV (2)   $ Amount (2)   % Change   Ratio (4)   (Decrease) 
(Dollars in thousands)   (Basis Points) 
                      
 +300   $49,434   $(5,454)   (9.9)%   20.33%   (96)
 +200    52,264    (2,624)   (4.8)%   21.00%   (29)
 +100    54,072    (816)   (1.5)%   21.31%   0 
     54,888            21.29%    
 -100    59,937    49    0.1%   21.02%   (27)

 

(1)Assumes an immediate uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.
(2)NPV is the discounted present value of expected cash flows form assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts.
(3)Present value of assets represents the discounted present value of incoming cash flows on interest-earning assets.
(4)NPV Ratio represents NPV divided by the present value of assets.

 

Source:  FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 87 

 

 

EXHIBIT 12

 

Loan Portfolio Composition

At June 30, 2019, and,

At December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

(Dollars in thousands)

 

           At December 31, 
   At June 30, 2019   2018   2017   2016 
   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent 
Commercial                                        
Development  $12,886    6.6%  $7,801    3.9%  $1,498    0.9%  $2,526    1.5%
Real estate   70,993    36.3%   69,425    34.6%   53,202    30.7%   42,276    25.1%
Commercial and industrial   12,526    6.4%   13,142    6.4%   10,135    5.9%   7,617    4.6%
Residential real estate and consumer                                        
One- to four-family owner-occupied   33,629    17.3%   41,018    20.4%   41,446    23.9%   48,001    28.5%
One- to four-family investor-owned   31,339    16.0%   32,312    16.1%   33,658    19.4%   34,633    20.5%
Multifamily   31,148    15.9%   34,467    17.2%   31,677    18.3%   31,905    18.9%
Consumer   2,884    1.5%   2,733    1.4%   1,613    0.9%   1,582    0.9%
Total loans receivable   195,405    100.0%   200,898    100.0%   173,229    100.0%   168,540    100.0%
Deferred loan costs (fees)   (152)        (86)        (74)        (88)     
Allowance for loan losses   (2,252)        (2,118)        (1,800)        (1,478)     
    (2,404)        (2,204)        (1,874)        (1,566)     
Total loans receivable, net  $193,001        $198,694        $171,355        $166,974      

 

Source: FFWB, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 88 

 

 

EXHIBIT 13

 

Loan Maturity Schedule

At December 31, 2018

 

               One- to Four-   One- to Four-             
Due During the Years Ending  Commercial   Commercial   Commercial   Family Owner-   Family -Investor             
December 31,  Development   Real Estate   and Industrial   Occupied   Owned   Multi-family   Consumer   Total 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
2019  $500   $5,075   $4,276   $3,783   $1,890   $1,535   $700   $17,759 
2020   3,398    16,448    1,752    343    7,720    5,373    130    35,164 
2021   1,040    5,717    2,252    277    3,656    2,052    117    15,111 
2022 to 2023   2,863    30,283    4,496    656    7,336    14,177    173    59,984 
2024 to 2028       5,914    366    2,678    313    7,645    1,613    18,529 
2029 to 2033       2,326        6,139    1,868    415        10,748 
2034 and beyond       3,662        27,142    9,529    3,270        43,603 
Total  $7,801   $69,425   $13,142   $41,018   $32,312   $34,467   $2,733   $200,898 

 

Fixed and Adjustable-Rate Loan Schedule

 

   Due After December 31, 2019 
   Fixed   Adjustable   Total 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
Commercial:               
Development  $4,939   $2,362   $7,301 
Real estate   50,126    14,224    64,350 
Commercial and industrial   7,536    1,330    8,866 
Residential real estate and consumer:               
One- to four-family owner-occupied   12,981    24,254    37,235 
One- to four-family investor-owned   20,114    10,308    30,422 
Multi-family   29,603    3,329    32,932 
Consumer   291    1,742    2,033 
Total   125,590    57,549    183,139 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 89 

 

 

EXHIBIT 14

 

Loan Originations, Purchases, Sales and Repayments

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019, and

For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   Six Months             
   Ended         
   June 30,   Years Ended December 31, 
   2019   2018   2017   2016 
   (In thousands) 
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale, at beginning of period  $200,898   $173,229   $168,540   $173,760 
Loans originated:                    
Commercial:                    
Development   114    4,332    2,480    1,873 
Real estate   5,410    12,635    23,892    9,011 
Commercial and industrial   1,791    6,434    3,904    2,637 
Residential real estate and consumer:                    
One- to four-family owner-occupied   9,259    30,461    30,742    33,688 
One- to four-family investor-owned   776    3,580    4,795    5,783 
Multi-family   1,364    10,455    8,415    5,380 
Consumer   570    781    368    76 
Total loans originated   19,284    68,678    74,596    58,448 
                     
Loans purchased:                    
Commercial:                    
Real estate       5,327    418    1,975 
Development           4,000     
Residential real estate and consumer:                    
One- to four-family owner-occupied                
One- to four-family investor-owned                
Multi-family               4,000 
Consumer                
Total loans purchased       5,327    4,418    5,975 
                     
Loans sold:                    
Commercial:                    
Real estate                
Commercial and industrial   (606)            
Residential real estate and consumer:                    
One- to four-family owner-occupied   (6,513)   (13,003)   (14,440)   (20,175)
Multi-family                
Consumer                
Total loans sold   (7,119)   (13,003)   (14,440)   (20,175)
                     
Other:                    
Principal repayments   (17,658)   (33,333)   (59,885)   (49,468)
                     
Net loan activity   (5,493)   27,669    4,689    (5,220)
                     
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale, at end of period  $195,405   $200,898   $173,229   $168,540 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 90 

 

 

EXHIBIT 15

 

Loan Delinquencies

At June 30, 2019, and at December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   Loans Delinquent For         
   30-89 Days   90 Days and Over   Total 
   Number   Amount   Number   Amount   Number   Amount 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
                         
At June 30, 2019                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development      $       $       $ 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial                        
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   5    749            5    749 
One- to four-family investor-occupied                        
Multi-family                        
Consumer                        
                               
Total   5   $749    0   $749    5   $749 
                               
At December 31, 2018                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development      $               $ 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   1    66            1    66 
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   1    5            1    5 
One- to four-family investor-occupied   1    243            1    243 
Multi-family                        
Consumer                        
                               
Total   3   $314    0   $0    3   $314 
                               
At December 31, 2017                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development      $       $       $ 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   1    75    1    114    2    189 
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   4    436    1    69    5    505 
One- to four-family investor-occupied   3    205    2    244    5    449 
Multi-family                        
Consumer   1    6            1    6 
                               
Total   9   $722    4   $427    13   $1,149 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 91 

 

 

EXHIBIT 15 (continued)

 

Loan Delinquencies

At June 30, 2019, and at December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   Loans Delinquent For         
   30-89 Days   90 Days and Over   Total 
   Number   Amount   Number   Amount   Number   Amount 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
                         
At December 31, 2016                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development      $       $       $ 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   1    54            1    54 
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   10    1,743    2    407    12    2,150 
One- to four-family investor-occupied   2    170    3    567    5    737 
Multi-family                        
Consumer   1    2            1    2 
                               
Total   14   $1,969    5   $974    19   $2,943 
                               
At December 31, 2015                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development      $    1   $566    1   $566 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   2    162            2    162 
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   5    691    3    715    8    1,406 
One- to four-family investor-occupied   7    650    7    1,004    14    1,654 
Multi-family                        
Consumer   3    117    2    2,000    5    317 
                               
Total   17   $1,620    13   $4,285    30   $4,105 
                               
At December 31, 2014                              
                               
Commercial:                              
Development   2   $1,083       $    2   $1,083 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   1    118            1    118 
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   6    958    6    1,107    12    2,065 
One- to four-family investor-occupied   1    170    4    363    5    533 
Multi-family                        
Consumer   2    172    2    43    4    215 
                               
Total   12   $2,501    12   $1,513    24   $4,014 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 92 

 

 

EXHIBIT 16

 

Nonperforming Assets

At June 30, 2019, and at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   At June 30,   At December 31,         
   2019   2018   2017   2016   2015   2014 
   (Dollars in thousands)                 
                         
Nonaccrual loans:                              
Commercial:                              
Development  $   $   $   $   $566   $646 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial   17    20    114    126         
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   357    365    580    1,698    1,871    1,410 
One- to four-family investor-owned   653    241    549    827    1,003    825 
Multi-family               248    277    306 
Consumer   90    94            200    192 
Total  $1,117   $720   $1,243   $2,899   $3,917   $3,379 
                               
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due:                              
Commercial:                              
Development  $   $   $   $   $   $ 
Real estate                        
Commercial and industrial                        
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied                        
One- to four-family investor-owned                        
Multi-family                        
Consumer                       23 
Total loans 90 days or more past due                       23 
Total nonperforming loans  $1,117   $720   $1,243   $2,899   $1,243   $3,402 
                               
Foreclosed assets   84    69    619    667         
Other nonperforming assets                        
                               
Total nonperforming assets  $1,201   $789   $1,862   $3,566   $1,243   $3,402 
                               
Troubled debt restructurings:                              
Commercial:                              
Development  $   $   $   $   $566   $646 
Real estate               14         
Commercial and industrial   61    67    192    127         
Residential real estate and consumer:                              
One- to four-family owner-occupied   587    785    630    2,104    1,685    2,600 
One- to four-family investor-owned   653    241    808    2,454    927    997 
Multi-family               468    277    306 
Consumer   99    108            177     
Total  $1,400   $1,201   $1,630   $5,167   $3,632   $4,549 
                               
Ratios:                              
Total nonperforming loans to total loans   0.57%   0.36%   0.72%   1.72%   2.25%   1.99%
Total nonperforming loans to total assets   0.43%   0.27%   0.48%   1.20%   1.61%   1.41%
Total nonperforming assets to total assets   0.46%   0.30%   0.73%   1.48%   1.61%   1.41%

 

Source: FFWB, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 93 

 

 

EXHIBIT 17

 

Classified Assets

At June 30, 2019, and at December 31, 2017 and 2018

(Dollars in thousands)

 

   At   At 
   June 30,   December 31, 
   2019   2018   2017 
Classification of assets:               
Special mention  $3,535   $1,353   $3,486 
                
Substandard   1,580    1,184    408 
Doubtful           461 
Loss   84    69     
Total classified assets   1,664   $1,253   $869 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 94 

 

 

EXHIBIT 18

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

At for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and

For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   Six Months Ended   Years Ended 
   June 30,   December 31, 
   2019   2018   2018   2017   2016   2015   2014 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
                             
Balance at beginning of year  $2,118   $1,800   $1,800   $1,478   $1,551   $1,167   $1,033 
                                    
Charge-offs:                                   
Commercial:                                   
Development  $   $   $   $   $   $   $ 
Real estate                            
Commercial and industrial       24    24                 
Residential real estate and consumer:                                   
One- to four-family owner-occupied   21            51    255    22    204 
One- to four-family investor-owned       172    172    82    493    74    145 
Multi-family                            
Consumer                   169    20    40 
Total charge-offs   21    196    196    133    917    116    389 
                                    
Recoveries:                                   
Commercial:                                   
Development  $   $   $   $   $   $   $ 
Real estate                            
Commercial and industrial                            
Residential real estate and consumer:                                   
One- to four-family owner-occupied            1    18        140     
One- to four-family investor-owned                18             
Multi-family                            
Consumer                            
Total recoveries   0    0    1    36    0    140    0 
                                    
Net charge-offs (recoveries)   21    196    195    97    917    (24)   389 
Transfer to hold-for-sale                            
Provision for loan losses   85    304    513    419    844    360    523 
                                    
Balance at end of year  $1,478   $1,562   $2,118   $1,800   $1,478   $1,551   $1,167 
                                    
Ratios:                                   
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding   0.01%   0.11%   0.10%   0.06%   0.53%   (0.01)%   0.27%
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans at end of year   201.64%   197.11%   294.17%   144.81%   50.98%   39.60%   34.30%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans at end of year   1.15%   0.95%   1.05%   1.04%   0.87%   0.89%   0.68%

 

Source: FFBW Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 95 

 

 

EXHIBIT 19

 

Investment Portfolio Composition

At June 30, 2019 and at December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

           At December 31, 
   At June 30, 2019   2018   2017   2016 
   Amortized   Estimated   Amortized   Estimated   Amortized   Estimated   Amortized   Estimated 
Security Type  Cost   Fair Value   Cost   Fair Value   Cost   Fair Value   Cost   Fair Value 
   (In thousands) 
                                 
U.S. government and agency securities  $1,102   $1,124   $1,299   $1,307   $2,211   $2,220   $3,885   $3,919 
State and political subdivision securities   7,612    7,638    8,381    8,295    13,102    13,137    15,606    15,562 
Mortgage-backed securities   30,863    31,110    29,164    28,536    33,908    33,467    23,156    22,892 
Certificates of deposits   1,500    1,498    1,500    1,446    4,000    3,997    1,000    1,014 
Corporate debt securities   2,079    2,108    4,220    4,167    5,171    5,191    5,159    5,226 
Total securities available-for-sale  $43,156   $43,478   $44,564   $43,751   $58,392   $58,012   $48,806   $48,613 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 96 

 

 

EXHIBIT 20

 

Mix of Average Deposit Accounts

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   For the Six Months Ended                         
   June 30,   For the Years Ended December 31, 
   2019   2018   2017   2016 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
     
   Average   Percent   Average   Percent   Average   Percent   Average   Percent 
Deposit type:  Balance   of Total   Balance   of Total   Balance   of Total   Balance   of Total 
Noninterest-bearing checking  $18,256    10.06%  $19,631    10.92%  $20,902    11.30%  $11,508    6.20%
Interest-bearing checking   9,168    5.05%   5,225    2.91%   3,255    1.76%   7,779    4.19%
Money market   40,785    22.48%   51,855    28.83%   54,956    29.70%   49,629    26.74%
Statement savings   14,245    7.85%   15,394    8.56%   16,447    8.89%   17,618    9.49%
Health savings   11,284    6.22%   11,462    6.37%   11,486    6.21%   11,558    6.23%
Certificates of deposit   87,689    48.33%   76,277    42.41%   77,990    42.15%   87,476    47.14%
Total deposits   181,427    100.00%   179,844    100.00%   185,036    100.00%   185,568    100.00%

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 97 

 

 

EXHIBIT 21

 

Certificates of Deposit By Maturity

At June 30, 2019

 

   At 
   June 30 
   2019 
   (In thousands) 
     
Three months or less  $16,521 
Over three months through six months   14,828 
Over six months through one year   10,846 
Over one year to three years   7,366 
Over three years   1,362 
      
Total  $50,923 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 98 

 

 

EXHIBIT 22

 

Borrowed Funds

At or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2019, and

At or for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018

 

   At or for the Six Months         
   Ended June 30,   At or for the Years Ended December 31, 
   2019   2018   2018   2017   2016 
   (Dollars in thousands) 
                 
Balance at end of period  $15,750   $38,000   $17,750   $12,750   $21,277 
Average balance during period   16,544    19,862    22,552    17,866    23,147 
Maximum outstanding at any month end   19,350    38,000    39,900    24,750    24,250 
Weighted average interest rate at end of period   2.18%   1.91%   2.10%   1.69%   1.21%
Average interest rate during period   2.16%   1.70%   1.92%   1.34%   1.16%

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 99 

 

 

EXHIBIT 23

 

OFFICES OF FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

WAUKESHA, WISCONSIN

As of June 30, 2019

 

   Owned  Year   Net Book 
   or  Acquired or   Value of Real 
Location  Leased  Leased   Property 
          ($000) 
Home Banking Office             
1617 East Racine Avenue             
Waukesha, Wisconsin 53186  Owned   2012    $1,157 
              
Branch Offices:             
Brookfield Office             
1360 South Moorland Road             
Brookfield, Wisconsin53005  Owned   2015     4,688 
              
West Office             
1801 Summit Avenue             
Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188  Owned   1984     191 
              
Bay View Office             
3974 South Howell Avenue             
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53207  Owned   1972     569 

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 100 

 

 

EXHIBIT 24

 

DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF THE BANK

At June 30, 2019

 

            Director   Term
Name (1)   Position(s) Held with the Bank   Age   Since   Expires
Kathryn Gutenkunst   Director   57   2007   2021
Stephen W. Johnson   Director   67   2002   2020
Thomas C. Martin   Director   78   1995   2021
Thomas L. McKeever   Director   54   2011   2020
Jose A. Olivieri   Director   61   2019   2022
Michael J. Pjevach   Director   55   2015   2021
Edward H. Schaefer   President, Chief Executive Offier and Director   57   2016   2020
Christine A. Specht   Director   44   2019   2022
James A. Tarantino   Chairman of the Board   61   2008   2022
Nikola B. Schaumberg   Chief Financial Officer   43   N/A   N/A

 

(1)The mailing address for each person listed is 1360 S Moorland Rd., Brookfield, WI 53005.

 

Source: FFBW, Inc.'s Prospectus

 

 101 

 

 

EXHIBIT 25

 

Key Demographic Data and Trends

Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties,

Wisconsin and the United States

2000, 2010 and 2024

 

   2000   2010   % Change   2024   % Change 
Population                         
Milwaukee County   940,164    947,735    0.8%   952,893    0.5%
Waukesha County   360,767    389,891    8.1%   411,875    5.6%
Wisconsin   5,363,675    5,686,986    6.0%   5,907,668    3.9%
United States   281,421,906    308,745,538    9.7%   341,924,340    10.7%
                          
Households                         
Milwaukee County   377,729    383,591    1.6%   388,465    1.3%
Waukesha County   135,229    152,663    12.9%   166,082    8.8%
Wisconsin   2,084,544    2,279,768    9.4%   2,419,854    6.1%
United States   105,480,101    116,716,292    10.7%   129,182,991    10.7%
                          
Per Capita Income                         
Milwaukee County  $19,939   $24,254    21.6%        
Waukesha County   29,164    37,282    27.8%        
Wisconsin   21,271    27,192    27.8%        
United States   22,162    26,059    17.6%        
                          
Median Household Income                         
Milwaukee County  $38,100   $43,599    14.4%  $57,366    31.6%
Waukesha County   62,839    75,689    20.4%   95,444    26.1%
Wisconsin   43,791    52,374    19.6%   69,363    32.4%
United States   41,994    50,046    19.2%   62,901    25.7%

 

Source: U.S. Census and Mergent Intellect

 

 102 

 

 

EXHIBIT 26

 

Key Housing Data

Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties,

Wisconsin and the United States

2000 & 2010

 

   2000   2010 
Occupied Housing Units          
Milwaukee County   377,729    383,591 
Waukesha County   135,229    152,663 
Wisconsin   2,084,544    2,279,768 
United States   105,480,101    116,716,292 
           
Occupancy Rate          
Milwaukee County          
Owner-Occupied   52.6%   51.3%
Renter-Occupied   47.4%   48.7%
Waukesha County          
Owner-Occupied   76.4%   76.8%
Renter-Occupied   23.6%   23.2%
Wisconsin          
Owner-Occupied   68.4%   68.1%
Renter-Occupied   31.6%   31.9%
United States          
Owner-Occupied   66.2%   65.4%
Renter-Occupied   33.8%   34.6%
           
Median Housing Values          
Milwaukee County  $103,200   $162,900 
Waukesha County   170,400    257,700 
Wisconsin   112,200    169,000 
United States   119,600    186,200 
           
    2017      
Median Housing Values          
Milwaukee County  $150,300      
Waukesha County   262,700      
Wisconsin   169,300      
United States   193,500      
           
Median Rent          
Milwaukee County  $555   $786 
Waukesha County   726    906 
Wisconsin   540    749 
United States   602    871 

 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and American Community Survey (Census Bureau)

 

 

 103 

 

 

EXHIBIT 27

 

Major Sources of Employment by Industry Group

Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties

Wisconsin and the United States

2000, 2010 and 2017

 

   2000 
   Milwaukee   Waukesha       United 
Industry Group  County   County   Wisconsin   States 
                 
Agriculture/Mining   0.3%   0.4%   2.8%   1.9%
Construction   4.0%   6.3%   5.9%   6.8%
Manufacturing   18.5%   21.2%   22.2%   14.1%
Wholesale/Retail   13.6%   16.6%   14.8%   15.3%
Transportation/Utilities   5.3%   4.1%   4.5%   5.2%
Information   3.0%   3.1%   2.2%   3.1%
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate   7.7%   7.7%   6.1%   6.9%
Services   47.6%   40.6%   41.5%   46.7%

 

   2010 
   Milwaukee   Waukesha       United 
   County   County   Wisconsin   States 
                 
Agriculture/Mining   0.6%   0.5%   2.4%   1.9%
Construction   3.6%   5.6%   5.6%   6.2%
Manufacturing   15.0%   18.2%   18.4%   10.4%
Wholesale/Retail   12.9%   15.8%   14.2%   14.5%
Transportation/Utilities   4.6%   3.9%   4.5%   4.9%
Information   2.2%   1.9%   1.8%   2.2%
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate   7.3%   8.6%   6.3%   6.7%
Services   54.1%   45.5%   46.8%   53.2%

 

   2013-2017 American Community Survey 
   Milwaukee   Waukesha       United 
   County   County   Wisconsin   States 
                 
Agriculture/Mining   0.4%   0.5%   2.4%   1.9%
Construction   3.8%   5.5%   5.5%   6.4%
Manufacturing   14.9%   18.2%   18.4%   10.3%
Wholesale/Retail   12.9%   15.0%   14.0%   14.1%
Transportation/Utilities   4.7%   3.4%   4.3%   5.1%
Information   1.7%   1.7%   1.6%   2.1%
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate   6.5%   8.3%   6.1%   6.5%
Services   55.1%   47.4%   47.7%   53.6%

 

Source: Bureau of the Census (2000 and 2010) & American Community Survey (2017)

 

 104 

 

 

EXHIBIT 28

 

Unemployment Rates

Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties,

Wisconsin and the United States

For the Years 2015 through July of 2019

 

                   July 
Location  2015   2016   2017   2018   2019 
                     
Milwaukee County   5.7%   5.0%   4.0%   3.6%   4.4%
                          
Waukesha County   3.8%   3.4%   2.9%   2.7%   3.1%
                          
Wisconsin   4.6%   4.0%   3.3%   3.0%   3.4%
                          
United States   5.3%   4.9%   4.4%   3.9%   4.0%

 

Source: Local Area Unemployment Statistics - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

 

 105 

 

 

EXHIBIT 29

 

Market Share of Deposits

Milwaukee and Waukesha Counties

June 30, 2018

 

   Milwaukee County   First Federal's   First Federal's 
   Deposits   Deposits   Share 
   ($000)   ($000)   (%) 
             
Banks  $42,194,671         
Thrifts   2,094,441   $55,129    2.6%
Total  $44,289,112   $55,129    0.1%

 

   Waukesha County   First Federal's   First Federal's 
   Deposits   Deposits   Share 
   ($000)   ($000)   (%) 
             
Banks  $11,101,967         
Thrifts   1,346,515   $123,466    9.2%
Total  $12,448,482   $123,466    1.0%

 

   Total   First Federal's   First Federal's 
   Deposits   Deposits   Share 
   ($000)   ($000)   (%) 
             
Banks  $53,296,638         
Thrifts   3,440,956   $178,595    5.2%
Total  $56,737,594   $178,595    0.3%

 

Source: FDIC

 

 106 

 

 

EXHIBIT 30

 

National Interest Rates by Quarter

2015 - June 30, 2019

 

   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2015   2015   2015   2015 
                 
Prime Rate   3.25%   3.25%   3.25%   3.50%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.03%   0.01%   0.01%   0.16%
1-Year Treasury Bills   0.26%   0.28%   0.32%   0.62%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.54%   3.20%   2.87%   3.01%
                 
   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2016   2016   2016   2016 
                 
Prime Rate   3.50%   3.50%   3.50%   3.75%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.24%   0.30%   0.32%   0.51%
1-Year Treasury Bills   0.53%   0.58%   0.57%   0.81%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.61%   2.26%   2.40%   2.97%
                 
   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2017   2017   2017   2017 
                 
Prime Rate   4.00%   4.25%   4.25%   4.50%
90-Day Treasury Bills   0.92%   1.01%   1.04%   1.37%
1-Year Treasury Bills   1.17%   1.24%   1.31%   1.76%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.92%   2.84%   2.86%   2.74%
                 
   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.   3rd Qtr.   4th Qtr. 
   2018   2018   2018   2018 
                 
Prime Rate   4.75%   5.00%   5.25%   5.50%
90-Day Treasury Bills   1.74%   1.89%   2.15%   2.40%
1-Year Treasury Bills   2.09%   2.33%   2.57%   2.63%
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.97%   2.98%   3.19%   3.02%
                 
   1st Qtr.   2nd Qtr.         
   2019   2019         
                 
Prime Rate   5.50%   5.50%          
90-Day Treasury Bills   2.39%   2.18%          
1-Year Treasury Bills   2.50%   1.96%          
30-Year Treasury Notes   2.94%   2.57%          

 

Source: The Wall Street Journal

 

 107 

 

 

EXHIBIT 31

 

Page 1

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

  

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                                  
SZBI  SOUTHFIRST BANCSHARES  AL  OTC PINK   2.37    (52.1)   (0.09)   118.40    0.29    NM    NM    17.20    17.20    2.00 
ABNK  ALTAPACIFIC BANCORP  CA  OTC PINK   14.20    (7.8)   0.99    75.02    1.53    14.34    14.79    143.29    151.22    18.93 
AX  AXOS FINANCIAL  CA  NYSE   27.25    NM    2.47    177.46    0.00    11.03    10.86    160.67    187.03    15.36 
BYFC  BROADWAY FINANCIAL CORP  CA  NASDAQ   1.42    (35.5)   0.09    22.45    0.04    15.78    142.00    51.26    51.26    6.33 
MLGF  MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION  CA  OTC BB   22.75    (27.2)   2.33    167.90    0.94    9.76    9.81    101.70    101.70    13.55 
PROV  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS  CA  NASDAQ   20.99    10.0    0.78    149.30    1.00    26.91    30.87    137.91    138.91    14.06 
SIFI  SI FINANCIAL GROUP  CT  NASDAQ   77.14    423.0    0.96    139.54    0.00    80.35    80.35    NM    599.84    55.28 
UBNK  UNITED FINANCIAL BANCORP  CT  NASDAQ   14.18    (19.1)   1.11    143.77    0.47    12.77    13.13    100.07    123.41    9.86 
WSFS  WSFS FINANCIAL CORP  DE  NASDAQ   41.30    (22.5)   2.08    229.34    0.26    19.86    20.86    122.59    181.46    18.01 
TBNK  TERRITORIAL BANCORP  HI  NASDAQ   30.90    (0.3)   2.24    214.65    1.58    13.79    15.85    134.76    134.88    14.40 
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA  NASDAQ   8.17    (9.2)   (0.01)   49.97    0.00    NM    NM    108.79    109.08    16.35 
AFBA  ALLIED FIRST BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   1.00    (25.9)   (0.03)   60.17    0.00    NM    NM    15.02    15.02    1.66 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL  NASDAQ   13.99    (20.7)   1.31    98.58    1.13    10.68    13.32    132.73    133.11    14.19 
BFFI  BEN FRANKLIN FINANCIAL  IL  OTC BB   6.75    (18.2)   (0.16)   72.81    0.00    NM    NM    84.48    84.48    9.27 
BTHT  BEST HOMETOWN BANCORP  IL  OTC PINK   11.00    (18.5)   (1.08)   134.71    0.00    NM    NM    84.36    84.36    8.17 
GTPS  GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   31.55    (0.9)   3.41    404.89    1.51    9.25    9.92    75.88    81.52    7.79 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL  NASDAQ   20.91    (12.5)   0.86    185.01    0.56    24.31    24.60    101.85    103.06    11.30 
MCPH  MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP  IL  OTC PINK   23.00    (4.2)   (0.20)   308.61    0.00    NM    NM    78.50    78.50    7.45 
OTTW  OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP  IL  OTC BB   13.04    (6.1)   0.59    86.66    0.00    22.10    22.88    97.02    99.85    15.05 
RYFL  ROYAL FINANCIAL  IL  OTC BB   15.45    (11.5)   1.83    159.10    1.38    8.44    8.44    83.38    88.24    9.71 
SUGR  SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP  IL  OTC BB   10.35    (17.9)   0.13    123.84    0.00    79.62    73.93    74.35    74.35    8.36 
AMFC  AMB FINANCIAL CORP  IN  OTC BB   16.80    (8.9)   1.57    221.21    0.79    10.70    10.91    82.23    83.62    7.59 
DSFN  DSA FINANCIAL CORP  IN  OTC PINK   620.88    7.0    0.64    93.16    1.86    NM    NM    NM    NM    NM 
FDLB  FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP  IN  OTC PINK   39.90    59.6    NM    994.50    0.00    3.99    4.61    32.74    33.45    4.01 
FBPI  FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA  IN  OTC BB   20.35    0.2    1.20    249.64    0.67    16.96    16.15    86.01    104.36    8.15 

 

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KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                                  
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN  NASDAQ   50.54    21.6    2.62    240.68    1.07    19.29    18.93    206.71    227.15    21.00 
FSFG  FIRST SAVINGS FINANCIAL GROUP  IN  NASDAQ   60.00    (18.4)   5.21    480.40    0.00    11.52    10.95    117.86    133.13    12.49 
NWIN  NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP  IN  OTC BB   44.00    2.4    2.42    366.66    8.02    18.18    20.18    126.11    146.67    12.00 
TDCB  THIRD CENTURY BANCORP  IN  OTC BB   12.15    (12.9)   0.93    138.71    0.07    13.06    12.93    86.48    87.54    8.76 
WEIN  WEST END INDIANA BANCSHARES  IN  OTC BB   25.00    (13.8)   1.58    280.45    0.70    15.82    14.62    89.70    92.08    8.91 
CFFN  CAPITOL FEDERAL FINANCIAL  KS  NASDAQ   13.77    4.6    0.66    67.60    0.95    20.86    20.86    143.44    145.41    20.37 
CTUY  CENTURY NEXT FINANCIAL CORP  LA  OTC BB   31.30    (7.9)   2.66    285.99    0.00    11.77    11.77    103.03    113.45    10.94 
HRGG  HERITAGE NOLA BANCORP  LA  OTC PINK   13.00    4.2    0.41    73.44    0.00    31.71    31.71    116.59    119.05    17.70 
HFBL  HOME FED BANCORP OF LOUISIANA  LA  NASDAQ   33.25    5.7    2.68    234.47    1.35    12.41    11.43    126.67    126.67    14.18 
HONE  HARBORONE BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   18.73    (1.1)   0.42    112.35    1.23    44.60    45.68    161.88    218.55    16.67 
HIFS  HINGHAM INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS  MA  NASDAQ   198.01    (9.9)   NM    1,170.98    1.96    13.49    12.69    190.50    190.50    16.91 
MELR  MELROSE BANCORP  MA  OTC PINK   18.03    (8.2)   0.69    132.08    0.00    26.13    34.67    128.51    128.51    13.65 
EBSB  MERIDIAN BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   17.89    (6.6)   1.10    117.32    0.23    16.26    16.41    139.55    144.39    15.25 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   27.99    6.8    0.99    103.69    0.00    28.27    28.86    223.92    223.92    26.99 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   15.10    (10.1)   (0.25)   104.33    0.00    NM    NM    131.19    149.36    14.47 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   32.61    (3.6)   2.74    358.33    0.26    11.90    11.95    111.41    111.53    9.10 
WNEB  WESTERN NEW ENGLAND BANCORP  MA  NASDAQ   9.34    (15.1)   0.66    78.41    1.48    14.15    14.15    117.04    126.73    11.91 
MBCQ  MB BANCORP  MD  OTC BB   16.20    (2.4)   1.27    75.40    0.00    12.76    62.31    118.25    118.25    21.49 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD  NASDAQ   8.69    0.5    0.79    68.98    0.21    11.00    11.00    94.05    94.66    12.60 
FBC  FLAGSTAR BANCORP  MI  NYSE   33.14    (3.3)   3.33    344.28    0.04    9.95    10.42    118.91    167.97    9.63 
NWBB  NEW BANCORP  MI  OTC BB   28.00    43.6    1.62    183.20    0.00    17.28    17.61    118.69    128.62    15.28 
SBT  STERLING BANCORP  MI  NASDAQ   9.97    (25.4)   1.22    62.80    0.04    8.17    8.31    152.68    157.75    15.88 
STBI  STURGIS BANCORP  MI  OTC BB   22.36    17.1    2.29    209.70    0.77    9.76    9.81    111.69    134.62    10.66 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN  NASDAQ   21.00    4.5    1.85    149.03    1.24    11.35    12.57    124.04    128.52    14.09 
REDW  REDWOOD FINANCIAL  MN  OTC PINK   95.00    75.9    NM    734.85    7.18    11.85    11.42    117.04    139.71    12.93 

 

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Page 3

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                                  
CFDB  CENTRAL FED S&L ASSN OF ROLLA  MO  OTC PINK   13.00    (9.7)   0.13    43.56    0.00    100.00    92.86    99.54    99.54    29.84 
NASB  NASB FINANCIAL  MO  OTC BB   40.55    (1.6)   4.33    308.14    2.00    9.36    9.22    122.43    130.55    13.16 
QRRY  QUARRY CITY S&L ASSN  MO  OTC BB   14.09    (9.1)   0.26    131.29    0.00    54.19    93.93    65.23    67.10    10.73 
ENFC  ENTEGRA FINANCIAL CORP  NC  NASDAQ   30.12    2.8    2.17    241.13    0.13    13.88    13.33    112.14    133.81    12.49 
FCPB  FIRST CAPITAL BANCSHARES  NC  OTC PINK   6.12    (18.2)   (0.51)   176.86    0.00    NM    NM    17.45    17.45    3.46 
KSBI  KS BANCORP  NC  OTC BB   26.07    (6.9)   3.81    358.01    2.82    6.84    6.86    77.80    77.80    7.28 
LSFG  LIFESTORE FINANCIAL GROUP  NC  OTC PINK   33.00    26.9    2.80    278.75    0.00    11.79    11.96    107.98    111.11    11.84 
UBNC  UNION BANK  NC  OTC PINK   14.67    (10.5)   1.15    128.87    0.19    12.76    12.76    108.67    132.88    11.38 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE  NASDAQ   11.90    10.6    0.79    103.33    0.00    15.06    17.25    115.65    127.27    11.52 
MCBK  MADISON COUNTY FINANCIAL  NE  OTC PINK   26.00    0.0    2.12    155.42    1.08    12.26    12.62    95.59    99.27    16.73 
KRNY  KEARNY FINANCIAL CORP  NJ  NASDAQ   13.29    (1.2)   0.45    72.78    0.34    29.53    29.53    104.98    129.15    18.26 
MSBF  MB BANCORP  NJ  NASDAQ   15.31    (28.8)   0.87    105.84    0.00    17.60    17.60    131.42    131.42    14.47 
NFBK  NORTHFIELD BANCORP  NJ  NASDAQ   15.61    (6.1)   0.77    91.52    0.38    20.27    20.27    114.36    121.38    17.06 
OCFC  OCEANFIRST FINANCIAL CORP  NJ  NASDAQ   24.85    (17.1)   1.71    158.07    0.61    14.53    14.53    112.95    173.65    15.72 
ORIT  ORITANI FINANCIAL CORP  NJ  NASDAQ   17.74    9.5    1.17    90.40    1.12    15.16    15.98    150.72    150.72    19.62 
PFS  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES  NJ  NYSE   24.25    (11.9)   1.82    147.40    1.04    13.32    13.40    117.38    168.64    16.45 
BCTF  BANCORP 34  NM  NASDAQ   15.46    0.1    0.23    111.22    1.43    67.22    67.22    131.46    132.48    13.90 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY  NASDAQ   3.00    (35.2)   (2.58)   152.40    0.00    NM    NM    23.55    23.64    1.97 
DCOM  DIME COMMUNITY BANCSHARES  NY  NASDAQ   18.99    (2.6)   1.33    179.77    0.57    14.28    14.17    112.83    124.52    10.56 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY  NASDAQ   16.05    (21.4)   1.16    171.50    0.93    13.84    14.08    95.94    124.61    9.36 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY  NASDAQ   18.00    1.4    0.27    167.24    0.00    66.67    66.67    117.11    120.24    10.76 
NYCB  NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY  NYSE   9.98    (9.6)   0.88    111.57    0.70    11.34    11.47    70.33    111.01    8.95 
PCSB  PCSB FINANCIAL CORP  NY  NASDAQ   20.25    1.9    0.53    85.55    0.00    38.21    38.94    172.78    178.26    23.67 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY  NASDAQ   14.29    (9.0)   0.23    55.94    0.00    62.13    62.13    199.30    199.30    25.55 
SNNF  SENECA FIN CORP  NY  OTC PINK   9.00    5.3    0.53    102.18    0.00    16.98    16.98    103.45    103.45    8.81 

 

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Page 4

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                                  
SNNY  SUNNYSIDE BANCORP  NY  OTC BB   13.75    (14.7)   (0.06)   105.62    0.00    NM    NM    104.40    104.40    13.02 
TRST  TRUSTCO BANK CORP NY  NY  NASDAQ   7.92    (11.0)   0.63    53.29    0.27    12.57    12.77    152.60    152.90    14.86 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH  OTC BB   14.00    8.9    0.37    113.07    0.41    37.84    38.89    113.73    122.06    12.38 
CCSB  COMM SAVINGS BANCORP  OH  OTC BB   13.55    (7.2)   (1.67)   124.42    0.00    NM    NM    78.01    78.01    10.89 
CIBN  COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP  OH  OTC PINK   17.62    13.7    1.23    205.23    0.40    14.33    13.45    101.85    105.95    8.59 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH  NASDAQ   15.80    (3.4)   0.27    83.10    0.00    58.52    60.77    123.34    123.34    19.01 
FDEF  FIRST DEFIANCE FINANCIAL CORP  OH  NASDAQ   28.57    (57.4)   2.33    163.41    0.69    12.26    12.21    142.28    198.96    17.48 
FNFI  FIRST NILES FINANCIAL  OH  OTC PINK   9.00    (7.7)   0.28    89.32    0.19    32.14    36.00    83.18    83.18    10.08 
HLFN  HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC BB   35.00    20.7    2.67    153.85    1.42    13.11    13.16    186.07    186.97    22.75 
PPSF  PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC PINK   12.41    22.9    0.70    94.80    0.49    17.73    19.09    99.44    99.44    13.09 
PFOH  PERPETUAL FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK  OH  OTC PINK   29.85    2.1    2.56    158.71    1.20    11.66    12.04    98.81    98.81    18.81 
UCFC  UNITED COMMUNITY FINANCIAL CORP  OH  NASDAQ   9.57    (12.9)   0.73    58.15    0.68    13.11    13.11    165.86    184.39    16.46 
VERF  VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP  OH  OTC BB   23.00    (5.2)   1.25    142.01    0.00    18.40    18.40    79.94    79.94    16.20 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA  NASDAQ   15.25    (3.7)   1.05    160.29    0.88    14.52    14.81    98.71    108.08    9.51 
HARL  HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL  PA  OTC PINK   23.30    3.0    2.41    210.62    1.37    9.67    10.36    118.27    118.27    11.06 
NWBI  NORTHWEST BANCSHARES  PA  NASDAQ   17.61    1.3    0.99    98.06    0.67    17.79    17.79    142.13    198.09    17.96 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA  NASDAQ   18.92    (2.0)   1.07    134.61    0.56    17.68    16.89    129.50    136.41    14.06 
QNTO  QUAINT OAK BANCORP  PA  OTC PINK   12.81    (4.0)   1.16    141.35    0.38    11.04    11.04    87.50    90.53    9.06 
STND  STANDARD FINANCIAL CORP  PA  OTC BB   27.44    (9.3)   1.87    205.13    0.41    14.67    14.91    96.15    121.36    13.38 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA  NASDAQ   17.50    5.7    1.42    183.26    1.25    12.32    12.15    106.97    106.97    9.55 
FSGB  FIRST FEDERAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA  SC  OTC PINK   10.75    7.5    0.03    3.98    0.00    NM    NM    NM    NM    270.10 
CASH  META FINANCIAL GROUP  SD  NASDAQ   28.05    (71.2)   1.60    153.36    0.18    17.53    18.10    134.34    243.70    18.29 
SFBK  SFB BANCORP  TN  OTC PINK   31.60    (1.3)   1.32    265.80    1.75    23.94    24.88    81.21    82.57    11.89 
UNTN  UNITED TENNESSEE BANKSHARES  TN  OTC PINK   21.80    (1.2)   2.12    246.68    0.70    10.28    10.38    83.30    83.30    8.84 
STXB  SPIRIT OF TEXAS BANCSHARES  TX  NASDAQ   22.50    NM    1.20    120.99    0.00    18.75    20.27    153.69    184.58    18.60 

 

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KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

            PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
                52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
            Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
      State  Exchange  ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                                  
TBK  TRIUMPH BANCORP  TX  NASDAQ   29.05    (28.7)   2.04    169.59    0.00    14.24    14.10    120.09    172.71    17.13 
FSBW  FS BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   51.87    (18.0)   5.77    362.15    0.32    8.99    12.71    123.32    137.08    14.32 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   8.54    1.2    0.81    51.11    0.09    10.54    10.81    124.49    152.23    16.71 
TSBK  TIMBERLAND BANCORP  WA  NASDAQ   29.88    (20.0)   2.51    148.47    0.70    11.90    12.00    156.28    178.28    20.13 
HWIS  HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN  WI  OTC PINK   9.75    (30.4)   0.35    167.79    0.00    27.86    40.63    79.20    79.20    5.81 
WSBF  WATERSTONE FINANCIAL  WI  NASDAQ   17.06    0.1    1.08    68.76    0.94    15.80    16.73    124.25    124.53    24.81 
WBBW  WESTBURY BANCORP  WI  OTC BB   25.10    12.4    1.88    243.55    1.13    13.35    13.14    106.76    107.59    10.31 

 

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Page 6

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SHARE DATA AND PRICING RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED, FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

(EXCLUDING MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES)

PRICES AS OF JUNE 30, 2019

ALL RATIOS/FINANCIAL DATA AS OF MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         PER SHARE   PRICING RATIOS 
             52 Week   Earnings       12 Month   Price/Net   Price/Core   Price/   Price/Tang.   Price/ 
         Price   Change   (EPS)   Assets   Div.   Earnings   Earnings   Book Value   Book Value   Assets 
        ($)   (%)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X)   (X) 
                                               
ALL INSTITUTIONS                                                        
AVERAGE         28.61    (1.15)   1.24    180.04    0.67    20.66    23.40    112.11    128.07    16.22 
HIGH         620.88    423.00    5.77    1,170.98    8.02    100.00    142.00    223.92    599.84    270.10 
LOW         1.00    (71.20)   (2.58)   3.98    0.00    3.99    4.61    15.02    15.02    1.66 
                                                         
AVERAGE FOR STATE                                                        
WI         17.30    (5.97)   1.10    160.03    0.69    19.00    23.50    103.41    103.77    13.64 
                                                         
AVERAGE BY REGION                                                        
MID-ATLANTIC         19.38    (5.56)   1.31    135.82    0.59    15.73    18.96    115.37    134.32    14.89 
MIDWEST         37.58    (3.00)   1.22    199.08    0.71    16.09    16.65    101.08    108.43    11.73 
NORTH CENTRAL         27.15    (0.52)   1.17    189.66    1.26    25.25    28.88    112.61    129.01    16.40 
NORTHEAST         28.01    13.06    0.57    182.29    0.41    24.20    24.76    122.82    162.95    15.88 
SOUTHEAST         19.61    (5.89)   1.42    202.05    0.65    8.83    8.91    67.30    72.90    37.70 
SOUTHWEST         24.09    (4.43)   1.54    165.95    0.46    26.02    26.08    125.25    141.49    15.41 
WEST         23.09    (10.84)   2.00    152.06    0.69    13.67    28.86    125.96    136.95    14.87 
                                                         
AVERAGE BY EXCHANGE                                                        
NYSE         23.66    (6.20)   2.13    195.18    0.45    11.41    11.54    116.82    158.66    12.60 
NASDAQ         24.98    (0.93)   1.21    161.10    0.53    20.63    23.49    127.38    154.35    16.07 
OTC BB         21.14    (3.93)   1.48    191.21    0.89    16.28    19.61    95.56    101.16    11.51 
OTC PINK         44.72    2.17    0.79    205.39    0.74    16.02    16.89    83.35    86.28    21.37 

 

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EXHIBIT 32

 

 Page 1

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                              
SZBI  SOUTHFIRST BANCSHARES  AL   83,059    9,669    9,669    (0.07)   (0.09)   (0.66)   (0.83)  OTC PINK   701,526    1,663 
ABNK  ALTAPACIFIC BANCORP  CA   432,541    57,143    54,127    1.33    1.30    9.80    9.55   OTC PINK   5,765,373    81,868 
AX  AXOS FINANCIAL  CA   10,875,561    1,039,485    893,054    1.52    1.53    15.18    15.38   NYSE   61,285,375    1,670,026 
BYFC  BROADWAY FINANCIAL CORP  CA   418,878    51,702    51,692    0.41    0.03    3.31    0.26   NASDAQ   18,662,402    26,501 
MLGF  MALAGA FINANCIAL CORPORATION  CA   1,116,526    148,755    148,755    1.43    1.42    10.64    10.60   OTC BB   6,650,000    151,288 
PROV  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS  CA   1,119,357    114,089    113,311    0.51    0.44    5.12    4.46   NASDAQ   7,497,357    157,370 
SIFI  SI FINANCIAL GROUP  CT   1,682,127    172,348    155,053    0.71    0.71    6.93    6.93   NASDAQ   12,054,785    929,906 
UBNK  UNITED FINANCIAL BANCORP  CT   7,346,892    724,098    587,073    0.78    0.76    7.97    7.78   NASDAQ   51,100,720    724,608 
WSFS  WSFS FINANCIAL CORP  DE   12,184,417    1,789,677    1,209,413    1.31    1.25    10.57    10.04   NASDAQ   53,127,509    2,194,166 
TBNK  TERRITORIAL BANCORP  HI   2,064,073    220,519    220,301    1.05    0.92    9.88    8.59   NASDAQ   9,616,195    297,140 
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA   128,000    19,243    19,188    (0.02)   (0.09)   (0.15)   (0.57)  NASDAQ   2,561,542    20,928 
AFBA  ALLIED FIRST BANCORP  IL   89,766    9,930    9,930    (0.05)   (0.22)   (0.41)   (1.96)  OTC BB   1,491,896    1,492 
BFIN  BANKFINANCIAL CORP  IL   1,542,219    164,913    164,428    1.32    1.06    11.72    9.38   NASDAQ   15,644,499    218,867 
BFFI  BEN FRANKLIN FINANCIAL  IL   93,192    10,232    10,232    (0.22)   (0.27)   (2.02)   (2.50)  OTC BB   1,280,000    8,640 
BTHT  BEST HOMETOWN BANCORP  IL   111,298    10,776    10,776    (0.81)   (0.82)   (8.45)   (8.58)  OTC PINK   826,208    9,088 
GTPS  GREAT AMERICAN BANCORP  IL   173,898    17,859    16,621    0.86    0.80    8.51    7.95   OTC BB   429,490    13,550 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   662,525    73,513    72,652    0.47    0.47    4.29    4.26   NASDAQ   3,581,052    74,880 
MCPH  MIDLAND CAPITAL HOLDINGS CORP  IL   114,988    10,917    10,917    (0.07)   (0.07)   (0.71)   (0.71)  OTC PINK   372,600    8,570 
OTTW  OTTAWA SAVINGS BANCORP  IL   289,146    44,858    43,558    0.70    0.67    4.51    4.33   OTC BB   3,336,459    43,507 
RYFL  ROYAL FINANCIAL  IL   404,921    47,167    44,557    1.15    1.15    10.08    10.08   OTC BB   2,545,052    39,321 
SUGR  SUGAR CREEK FINANCIAL CORP  IL   96,809    10,883    10,883    0.10    0.11    0.92    1.03   OTC BB   781,730    8,091 
AMFC  AMB FINANCIAL CORP  IN   216,775    20,019    19,685    0.70    0.69    7.76    7.60   OTC BB   979,958    16,463 
DSFN  DSA FINANCIAL CORP  IN   125,543    12,424    12,058    0.71    0.70    6.15    6.08   OTC PINK   1,347,646    836,726 
FDLB  FIDELITY FEDERAL BANCORP  IN   840,115    102,958    100,756    1.06    0.92    8.89    7.70   OTC PINK   844,763    33,706 
FBPI  FIRST BANCORP OF INDIANA  IN   436,657    41,388    34,111    0.48    0.51    5.20    5.49   OTC BB   1,749,165    35,596 

 

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Page 2

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                              
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN   809,766    82,254    74,853    1.11    1.13    11.27    11.52   NASDAQ   3,364,494    170,042 
FSFG  FIRST SAVINGS FINANCIAL GROUP  IN   1,126,454    119,374    105,680    1.15    1.21    11.40    11.99   NASDAQ   2,344,836    140,690 
NWIN  NORTHWEST INDIANA BANCORP  IN   1,265,780    120,433    103,561    0.76    0.69    8.34    7.50   OTC BB   3,452,199    151,897 
TDCB  THIRD CENTURY BANCORP  IN   163,724    16,585    16,386    0.69    0.70    6.80    6.87   OTC BB   1,180,321    14,341 
WEIN  WEST END INDIANA BANCSHARES  IN   298,774    29,696    28,925    0.55    0.60    5.73    6.21   OTC BB   1,065,336    26,633 
CFFN  CAPITOL FEDERAL FINANCIAL  KS   9,551,126    1,355,983    1,338,341    0.99    0.99    6.82    6.84   NASDAQ   141,279,239    1,945,415 
CTUY  CENTURY NEXT FINANCIAL CORP  LA   474,940    50,451    45,812    1.14    1.14    11.33    11.34   OTC BB   1,660,692    51,980 
HRGG  HERITAGE NOLA BANCORP  LA   121,622    18,468    18,082    0.57    0.57    3.72    3.72   OTC PINK   1,656,036    21,528 
HFBL  HOME FED BANCORP OF LOUISIANA  LA   434,921    48,691    48,691    1.16    1.26    10.38    11.25   NASDAQ   1,854,900    61,675 
HONE  HARBORONE BANCORP  MA   3,658,257    376,722    279,027    0.42    0.42    4.23    4.19   NASDAQ   32,560,136    609,851 
HIFS  HINGHAM INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS  MA   2,497,416    221,681    221,681    1.31    1.39    14.81    15.74   NASDAQ   2,132,750    422,306 
MELR  MELROSE BANCORP  MA   322,295    34,232    34,232    0.53    0.39    4.63    3.46   NASDAQ   2,440,133    43,996 
EBSB  MERIDIAN BANCORP  MA   6,281,628    686,388    663,247    0.98    0.98    8.70    8.64   NASDAQ   53,542,646    957,878 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA   998,134    120,299    120,299    1.00    0.98    8.19    8.09   NASDAQ   9,625,719    269,424 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA   614,869    67,816    59,610    (0.24)   (0.67)   (2.18)   (5.99)  NASDAQ   5,893,293    88,989 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA   909,308    74,284    74,189    0.81    0.80    9.77    9.73   NASDAQ   2,537,644    82,753 
WNEB  WESTERN NEW ENGLAND BANCORP  MA   2,113,370    215,097    198,747    0.84    0.84    7.92    7.94   NASDAQ   26,953,429    251,745 
MBCQ  MB BANCORP  MD   147,829    26,870    26,870    1.67    0.35    9.80    2.02   OTC BB   1,960,620    31,762 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD   881,209    118,015    117,281    1.14    1.14    8.84    8.82   NASDAQ   12,775,087    111,016 
FBC  FLAGSTAR BANCORP  MI   19,444,871    1,573,886    1,114,430    1.01    0.96    12.26    11.69   NYSE   56,480,086    1,871,750 
NWBB  NEW BANCORP  MI   119,785    15,422    14,232    0.89    0.87    7.06    6.96   OTC BB   653,850    18,308 
SBT  STERLING BANCORP  MI   3,257,326    338,902    327,810    1.99    1.95    19.55    19.21   NASDAQ   51,870,853    517,152 
STBI  STURGIS BANCORP  MI   441,207    42,120    34,944    1.10    1.10    11.63    11.55   OTC BB   2,103,991    47,045 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   721,616    81,983    79,120    1.24    1.12    11.27    10.16   NASDAQ   4,842,146    101,685 
REDW  REDWOOD FINANCIAL  MN   322,270    35,596    29,823    1.12    1.16    10.00    10.37   OTC PINK   438,551    41,662 

 

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Page 3

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                              
CFDB  CENTRAL FED S&L ASSN OF ROLLA  MO   69,383    20,798    20,798    0.30    0.33    1.01    1.10   OTC PINK   1,592,920    20,708 
NASB  NASB FINANCIAL  MO   2,275,568    244,577    229,360    1.51    1.53    13.48    13.70   OTC BB   7,384,851    299,456 
QRRY  QUARRY CITY S&L ASSN  MO   53,524    8,807    8,561    0.19    0.11    1.19    0.70   OTC BB   407,691    5,744 
ENFC  ENTEGRA FINANCIAL CORP  NC   1,668,416    185,823    155,763    0.91    0.95    8.51    8.86   NASDAQ   6,919,212    208,407 
FCPB  FIRST CAPITAL BANCSHARES  NC   99,702    19,777    19,777    (0.32)   (0.42)   (1.43)   (1.85)  OTC PINK   563,728    3,450 
KSBI  KS BANCORP  NC   396,600    37,121    37,121    1.08    1.07    11.97    11.94   OTC BB   1,107,776    28,880 
LSFG  LIFESTORE FINANCIAL GROUP  NC   292,689    32,090    31,185    1.02    1.01    9.71    9.54   OTC PINK   1,050,000    34,650 
UBNC  UNION BANK  NC   770,717    80,709    66,053    0.93    0.93    8.92    8.96   OTC PINK   5,980,610    87,736 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   323,431    32,209    29,274    0.83    0.73    7.88    6.94   NASDAQ   3,130,000    37,247 
MCBK  MADISON COUNTY FINANCIAL  NE   409,573    71,685    69,004    1.38    1.34    7.93    7.71   OTC PINK   2,635,221    68,516 
KRNY  KEARNY FINANCIAL CORP  NJ   6,658,751    1,158,111    941,422    0.62    0.62    3.39    3.39   NASDAQ   91,495,132    1,215,970 
MSBF  MB BANCORP  NJ   568,042    62,520    62,520    0.80    0.80    7.68    7.68   NASDAQ   5,366,854    82,167 
NFBK  NORTHFIELD BANCORP  NJ   4,555,447    679,548    640,055    0.88    0.87    5.80    5.76   NASDAQ   49,773,796    776,969 
OCFC  OCEANFIRST FINANCIAL CORP  NJ   8,098,782    1,127,163    733,364    1.13    1.13    8.33    8.33   NASDAQ   51,233,944    1,273,164 
ORIT  ORITANI FINANCIAL CORP  NJ   4,075,128    530,774    530,774    1.28    1.21    9.68    9.16   NASDAQ   45,080,139    799,722 
PFS  PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES  NJ   9,802,614    1,373,961    956,273    1.25    1.24    9.03    8.97   NYSE   66,502,750    1,612,692 
BCTF  BANCORP 34  NM   373,284    39,455    39,163    0.20    0.20    1.86    1.86   NASDAQ   3,356,155    51,886 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY   563,712    47,134    46,954    (1.59)   (1.09)   (19.72)   (13.50)  NASDAQ   3,698,864    11,097 
DCOM  DIME COMMUNITY BANCSHARES  NY   6,475,302    606,275    549,351    0.76    0.76    7.92    7.93   NASDAQ   36,020,112    684,022 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   596,831    58,231    44,813    0.70    0.69    6.99    6.89   NASDAQ   3,480,000    55,854 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY   324,997    29,867    29,083    0.16    0.16    1.78    1.75   NASDAQ   1,943,253    34,979 
NYCB  NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   52,131,045    6,629,070    4,202,206    0.80    0.79    6.16    6.05   NYSE   467,236,136    4,663,017 
PCSB  PCSB FINANCIAL CORP  NY   1,523,131    208,671    202,217    0.62    0.61    4.58    4.53   NASDAQ   17,804,039    360,532 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   1,032,056    132,267    132,267    0.41    0.41    3.22    3.21   NASDAQ   18,449,162    263,639 
SNNF  SENECA FIN CORP  NY   202,207    17,223    17,223    0.54    0.54    6.40    6.40   OTC PINK   1,978,923    17,810 

 

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Page 4

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                              
SNNY  SUNNYSIDE BANCORP  NY   83,809    10,451    10,451    (0.06)   (0.08)   (0.45)   (0.65)  OTC BB   793,500    10,911 
TRST  TRUSTCO BANK CORP NY  NY   5,155,247    501,718    501,165    1.23    1.21    12.62    12.46   NASDAQ   96,745,858    766,227 
CNNB  CINCINNATI BANCORP  OH   205,364    22,361    20,840    0.35    0.35    3.18    3.12   OTC BB   1,816,329    25,429 
CCSB  COMM SAVINGS BANCORP  OH   52,170    7,285    7,285    (1.35)   (1.76)   (9.42)   (12.28)  OTC BB   419,290    5,681 
CIBN  COMMUNITY INVESTORS BANCORP  OH   163,195    13,760    13,221    0.63    0.67    7.29    7.72   OTC PINK   795,192    14,011 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   136,513    21,042    21,042    0.33    0.31    2.15    2.02   NASDAQ   1,642,758    25,956 
FDEF  FIRST DEFIANCE FINANCIAL CORP  OH   3,221,249    395,789    283,130    1.47    1.47    11.68    11.71   NASDAQ   19,713,192    563,206 
FNFI  FIRST NILES FINANCIAL  OH   99,424    12,042    12,042    0.32    0.28    2.76    2.42   OTC PINK   1,113,067    10,018 
HLFN  HOME LOAN FINANCIAL CORP  OH   215,960    26,396    26,278    1.79    1.78    14.98    14.93   OTC BB   1,403,668    49,128 
PPSF  PEOPLES-SIDNEY FINANCIAL CORP  OH   113,248    14,915    14,915    0.74    0.69    5.66    5.25   OTC PINK   1,194,643    14,826 
PFOH  PERPETUAL FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK  OH   392,015    74,617    74,617    1.61    1.55    8.67    8.37   OTC PINK   2,470,032    73,730 
UCFC  UNITED COMMUNITY FINANCIAL CORP  OH   2,840,800    281,849    253,485    1.28    1.28    12.91    12.89   NASDAQ   48,852,688    467,520 
VERF  VERSAILLES FINANCIAL CORP  OH   54,974    11,136    11,136    0.89    0.89    4.44    4.44   OTC BB   387,117    8,904 
ESSA  ESSA BANCORP  PA   1,828,700    176,218    161,008    0.65    0.64    6.82    6.67   NASDAQ   11,408,935    173,986 
HARL  HARLEYSVILLE SAVINGS FINANCIAL  PA   794,266    74,294    74,294    1.16    1.09    12.54    11.70   OTC PINK   3,771,050    87,865 
NWBI  NORTHWEST BANCSHARES  PA   10,415,970    1,316,276    943,831    1.07    1.07    8.37    8.35   NASDAQ   106,220,030    1,870,535 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,202,226    130,472    123,862    0.87    0.90    7.61    7.91   NASDAQ   8,931,400    168,982 
QNTO  QUAINT OAK BANCORP  PA   280,019    29,013    28,037    0.86    0.86    9.15    9.15   OTC PINK   1,981,091    25,378 
STND  STANDARD FINANCIAL CORP  PA   989,293    137,628    109,035    0.92    0.91    6.77    6.67   OTC BB   4,822,646    132,333 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   356,229    31,806    31,806    0.79    0.80    8.77    8.88   NASDAQ   1,943,796    34,016 
FSGB  FIRST FEDERAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA  SC   95,697    8,431    8,040    0.87    (0.01)   10.00    (0.09)  OTC PINK   24,066,545    258,715 
CASH  META FINANCIAL GROUP  SD   6,050,060    823,709    454,032    1.13    1.10    9.08    8.80   NASDAQ   39,450,938    1,106,599 
SFBK  SFB BANCORP  TN   68,276    9,994    9,831    0.50    0.48    3.42    3.29   OTC PINK   256,873    8,117 
UNTN  UNITED TENNESSEE BANKSHARES  TN   210,097    22,287    22,287    0.88    0.87    8.44    8.36   OTC PINK   851,709    18,567 
STXB  SPIRIT OF TEXAS BANCSHARES  TX   1,475,535    178,558    148,614    1.15    1.06    10.27    9.48   NASDAQ   12,195,891    274,408 

 

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Page 5

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

         ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
         Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
         Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
      State  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                              
TBK  TRIUMPH BANCORP  TX   4,529,781    646,215    449,200    1.25    1.26    8.69    8.77   NASDAQ   26,709,411    775,908 
FSBW  FS BANCORP  WA   1,625,690    188,805    169,855    1.86    1.32    16.15    11.43   NASDAQ   4,489,042    232,847 
RVSB  RIVERVIEW BANCORP  WA   1,155,539    155,041    126,749    1.60    1.55    12.58    12.19   NASDAQ   22,607,712    193,070 
TSBK  TIMBERLAND BANCORP  WA   1,237,704    159,403    139,686    1.88    1.86    15.10    15.01   NASDAQ   8,336,419    249,092 
HWIS  HOME BANCORP WISCONSIN  WI   150,877    11,071    11,071    0.21    0.15    2.86    1.98   OTC PINK   899,190    8,767 
WSBF  WATERSTONE FINANCIAL  WI   1,925,470    384,468    383,616    1.59    1.50    7.62    7.19   NASDAQ   28,004,135    477,751 
WBBW  WESTBURY BANCORP  WI   823,841    79,512    78,931    0.77    0.78    8.23    8.36   OTC BB   3,382,678    84,905 

 

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Page 6

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

KEY FINANCIAL DATA AND RATIOS

PUBLICLY-TRADED FDIC-INSURED SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS

MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

      ASSETS AND EQUITY   PROFITABILITY   CAPITAL ISSUES
      Total   Total   Total       Core       Core      Number of   Mkt. Value 
      Assets   Equity   Tang. Equity   ROAA   ROAA   ROAE   ROAE      Shares   of Shares 
     ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   Exchange  Outstanding   ($000) 
                                           
ALL INSTITUTIONS                                          
AVERAGE     2,345,028    282,114    221,651    1.00    0.98    8.35    8.17      19,352,994    341,787 
MEDIAN      596,831    71,685    66,053    0.86    0.80    7.92    7.70       3,382,678    82,167 
HIGH      52,131,045    6,629,070    4,202,206    1.99    1.95    19.55    19.21       467,236,136    4,663,017 
LOW      52,170    7,285    7,285    (1.59)   (1.76)   (19.72)   (13.50)      256,873    1,492 
                                                    
AVERAGE FOR STATE                                                   
WI      966,729    158,350    157,873    0.80    0.81    7.61    7.26       10,762,001    190,474 
                                                    
AVERAGE BY REGION                                                   
MID-ATLANTIC      3,927,433    547,647    418,115    1.07    1.05    7.85    7.70       32,274,674    661,920 
MIDWEST      1,149,206    115,480    97,124    0.68    0.67    11.13    10.72       7,292,445    165,843 
NORTH CENTRAL      1,990,455    269,459    227,750    1.10    1.08    8.16    8.06       20,372,310    364,796 
NORTHEAST      4,725,632    546,694    406,444    0.80    0.79    6.77    6.70       42,349,555    562,477 
SOUTHEAST      409,473    45,100    39,970    0.88    0.87    8.16    8.07       4,610,887    72,243 
SOUTHWEST      1,235,014    163,640    124,927    1.15    1.15    8.73    8.71       7,905,514    206,231 
WEST      2,227,319    237,216    213,059    1.42    1.36    13.15    12.58       16,101,097    339,911 
                                                    
AVERAGE BY EXCHANGE                                                   
NYSE      23,063,523    2,654,101    1,791,491    0.97    0.96    8.25    8.12       162,876,087    2,454,371 
NASDAQ      2,666,419    331,344    276,680    1.03    1.01    8.39    8.20       24,582,382    446,316 
OTC      422,340    47,613    44,156    1.02    0.99    9.08    8.83       2,047,935    50,434 
OTC PINK      265,118    32,111    30,775    0.93    0.88    7.72    7.29       2,631,396    74,486 

 

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EXHIBIT 33

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

RECENT STANDARD CONVERSIONS

PRICE CHANGES FROM IPO DATE

September 30, 2017 through August 12, 2019

 

            Percentage Price Change 
            From Initial Trading Date 
      Conversion     One   One   One   Through 
Company Name  Ticker  Date  Exchange  Day   Week   Month   8/12/2019 
                          
Seneca Financial  SNNF  10/12/2017  OTC MKT   18.00    (8.50)   (10.00)   (8.70)
SSB Bancorp  SSBP  1/26/2018  OTC MKT   (5.50)   (7.50)   (4.00)   (15.20)
Columbia Financial  CLBK  4/20/2018  NASDAQ   54.20    66.30    70.70    55.40 
CBM Bancorp  CBMB  9/28/2018  NASDAQ   28.00    26.30    22.00    36.50 
1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin  BCOW  1/09/2019  NASDAQ   (4.00)   (1.80)   (5.20)   (5.00)
Eureka Homestead Bancorp  ERKH  7/10/2019  OTC MKT   21.00    21.00    22.00    22.00 
                              
      AVERAGE      15.12%   12.47%   12.25%   10.50%
      MEDIAN      19.50    9.60    9.00    8.50 
      HIGH      54.20    66.30    70.70    55.40 
      LOW      (5.50)   (8.50)   (10.00)   (15.20)

 

 120 

 

 

EXHIBIT 34

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

RECENT ACQUISITIONS AND PENDING ACQUISITIONS

COUNTY, CITY OR MARKET AREA OF FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN

 

NONE

(that were potential comparable group candidates)

 

 121 

 

 

EXHIBIT 35

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION

 

BALANCE SHEET PARAMETERS

Most Recent Quarter

 

General Parameters:

Regions: Mid-Atlantic, MIdwest, North Central and Northeast

Asset size: < $1.3 Billion

Stock trades on NASDAQ, NYSE or NYSE Market

No Recent Acquisition Announcement

 

         Total
Assets
   Cash &
Securities/
Assets
   MBS/
Assets
   1-4 Fam.
Loans/
Assets
   Total Net
Loans/
Assets
   Total
Net Loans
& MBS/
Assets
   Borrowed
Funds/
Assets
   Equity/
Assets
 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                       
   FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  WI   258,324    6.88    12.04    25.21    75.47    87.51    6.10    23.68 
                                               
   DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP      <1,300,000    <42.00    <32.00    <  70.00    24.00 -
90.00
    55.00 - 95.00    <50.00    8.00 -
25.00
 
                                               
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA   128,000    19.06    16.89    48.15    55.86    72.75    12.87    15.03 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   662,525    6.34    14.79    19.86    74.34    89.13    8.55    11.10 
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN   809,766    23.53    15.25    16.17    55.37    70.62    0.11    10.16 
FSFG  FIRST SAVINGS FINANCIAL GROUP  IN   1,126,454    17.57    3.26    21.07    63.37    66.63    14.29    10.60 
MELR  MELROSE BANCORP  MA   322,295    11.49    0.00    64.90    82.94    82.94    10.56    10.62 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA   998,134    4.08    3.21    10.10    86.09    89.30    8.40    12.05 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA   614,869    3.31    6.24    54.88    71.45    77.68    14.30    11.03 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA   909,308    9.41    1.63    54.21    85.63    87.26    7.83    8.17 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD   881,209    16.44    2.70    35.79    74.70    77.40    5.40    13.39 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   721,616    12.15    1.07    20.79    82.62    83.69    0.00    11.36 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   323,431    7.32    0.11    22.17    87.80    87.91    1.85    9.96 
MSBF  MB BANCORP  NJ   568,042    4.64    3.77    26.95    86.16    89.94    11.66    11.01 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY   563,712    12.68    9.25    22.03    75.25    84.50    1.42    8.36 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   596,831    6.44    2.01    51.24    81.12    83.13    5.25    9.76 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY   324,997    7.03    1.77    69.35    86.13    87.90    20.12    9.19 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   1,032,056    6.03    0.14    38.47    89.64    89.78    4.91    12.82 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   136,513    7.19    0.00    60.05    80.42    80.42    0.00    15.41 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,202,226    20.07    26.22    24.69    48.37    74.59    18.72    10.85 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   356,229    40.47    30.67    22.41    24.94    55.61    48.26    8.93 

 

 122 

 

 

EXHIBIT 36

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

COMPARABLE GROUP SELECTION

 

OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND ASSET QUALITY PARAMETERS

Most Recent Four Quarters

 

General Parameters:

Regions: Mid-Atlantic, MIdwest, North Central and Northeast

Asset size: < $1.3 Billion

Stock trades on NASDAQ, NYSE or NYSE Market

No Recent Acquisition Announcement

 

             OPERATING PERFORMANCE   ASSET QUALITY 
                     Net   Operating   Noninterest             
         Total   Core   Core   Interest   Expenses/   Income/   NPA/   REO/   Reserves/ 
         Assets   ROAA   ROAE   Margin (2)   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                           
   FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  WI   258,324    0.47    2.02    3.44    2.77    0.30    0.46    0.03    0.87 
                                                    
   DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP      <1,300,000    <1.15    <11.00    2.00 -
4.10
    1.00 -
4.00
    <1.25    <1.20    <0.25    >0.10 
                                                    
WCFB  WCF BANCORP  IA   128,000    (0.09)   (0.57)   2.69    2.67    0.40    0.69    0.33    0.41 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   662,525    0.47    4.26    2.72    2.53    0.62    0.39    0.24    0.96 
FCAP  FIRST CAPITAL  IN   809,766    1.13    11.52    3.76    2.76    0.81    0.81    0.37    0.54 
FSFG  FIRST SAVINGS FINANCIAL GROUP  IN   1,126,454    1.21    11.99    3.79    3.79    1.84    0.64    0.17    0.88 
MELR  MELROSE BANCORP  MA   322,295    0.39    3.46    2.36    1.68    0.08    0.11    0.00    0.42 
PVBC  PROVIDENT BANCORP  MA   998,134    0.98    8.09    4.17    2.61    0.44    0.98    0.17    1.19 
RNDB  RANDOLPH BANCORP  MA   614,869    (0.67)   (5.99)   2.96    5.30    2.40    0.48    0.01    0.70 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA   909,308    0.80    9.73    2.96    1.99    0.30    0.12    0.00    0.77 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD   881,209    1.14    8.82    3.48    2.82    0.77    0.61    0.18    0.91 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   721,616    1.12    10.16    4.06    3.29    0.94    0.41    0.06    1.20 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   323,431    0.73    6.94    3.53    3.05    0.93    1.16    0.07    1.33 
MSBF  MB BANCORP  NJ   568,042    0.80    7.68    3.25    2.15    0.14    0.68    0.00    1.00 
CARV  CARVER BANCORP  NY   563,712    (1.09)   (13.50)   2.96    4.76    0.05    1.97    0.07    0.82 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   596,831    0.69    6.89    3.12    2.61    0.75    0.85    0.03    0.74 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY   324,997    0.16    1.75    2.81    3.11    0.63    0.11    0.00    0.50 
PDLB  PDL COMMUNITY BANCORP  NY   1,032,056    0.41    3.21    3.72    3.20    0.29    0.77    0.00    1.21 
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   136,513    0.31    2.02    3.55    3.97    1.22    0.26    0.00    0.84 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,202,226    0.90    7.91    2.20    1.30    0.25    1.16    0.04    0.43 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   356,229    0.80    8.88    2.07    1.04    0.13    0.06    0.00    0.14 

 

 123 

 

 

EXHIBIT 37

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

FINAL COMPARABLE GROUP

 

BALANCE SHEET RATIOS

Most Recent Quarter

 

         Total
Assets
   Cash &
Securities/
Assets
   MBS/
Assets
   1-4 Fam.
Loans/
Assets
   Total
Net Loans/
Assets
   Total
Net Loans
& MBS/
Assets
   Borrowed
Funds/
Assets
   Equity/
Assets
 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                       
   FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  WI   258,324    6.88    12.04    25.21    75.47    87.51    6.10    23.68 
                                               
   DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP      <1,300,000    <42.00    <32.00    <  70.00    24.00 -
90.00
    55.00 -
95.00
    <50.00    8.00 -
25.00
 
                                               
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   136,513    7.19    0.00    60.05    80.42    80.42    0.00    15.41 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   323,431    7.32    0.11    22.17    87.80    87.91    1.85    9.96 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY   324,997    7.03    1.77    69.35    86.13    87.90    20.12    9.19 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   356,229    40.47    30.67    22.41    24.94    55.61    48.26    8.93 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   596,831    6.44    2.01    51.24    81.12    83.13    5.25    9.76 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   662,525    6.34    14.79    19.86    74.34    89.13    8.55    11.10 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   721,616    12.15    1.07    20.79    82.62    83.69    0.00    11.36 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD   881,209    16.44    2.70    35.79    74.70    77.40    5.40    13.39 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA   909,308    9.41    1.63    54.21    85.63    87.26    7.83    8.17 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,202,226    20.07    26.22    24.69    48.37    74.59    18.72    10.85 
                                               
      AVERAGE   611,489    13.29    8.10    38.06    72.61    80.71    11.60    10.81 
      MEDIAN   629,678    8.37    1.89    30.24    80.77    83.41    6.61    10.41 
      HIGH   1,202,226    40.47    30.67    69.35    87.80    89.13    48.26    15.41 
      LOW   136,513    6.34    0.00    19.86    24.94    55.61    0.00    8.17 

 

 124 

 

 

EXHIBIT 38

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

(614) 766-1426

 

FINAL COMPARABLE GROUP

 

OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND ASSET QUALITY RATIOS

Most Recent Four Quarters

 

             OPERATING PERFORMANCE   ASSET QUALITY 
                     Net   Operating   Noninterest             
         Total   Core   Core   Interest   Expenses/   Income/   NPA/   REO/   Reserves/ 
         Assets   ROAA   ROAE   Margin   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets   Assets 
         ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                           
   FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  WI   258,324    0.47    2.02    3.44    2.77    0.30    0.46    0.03    0.87 
                                                    
   DEFINED PARAMETERS FOR INCLUSION IN COMPARABLE GROUP      <1,300,000    <1.15    <11.00    2.00 -
4.10
    1.00 -
4.00
    <1.25    <1.20    <0.25    >0.10 
                                                    
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  OH   136,513    0.31    2.02    3.55    3.97    1.22    0.26    0.00    0.84 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  NE   323,431    0.73    6.94    3.53    3.05    0.93    1.16    0.07    1.33 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  NY   324,997    0.16    1.75    2.81    3.11    0.63    0.11    0.00    0.50 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PA   356,229    0.80    8.88    2.07    1.04    0.13    0.06    0.00    0.14 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  NY   596,831    0.69    6.89    3.12    2.61    0.75    0.85    0.03    0.74 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  IL   662,525    0.47    4.26    2.72    2.53    0.62    0.39    0.24    0.96 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  MN   721,616    1.12    10.16    4.06    3.29    0.94    0.41    0.06    1.20 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  MD   881,209    1.14    8.82    3.48    2.82    0.77    0.61    0.18    0.91 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  MA   909,308    0.80    9.73    2.96    1.99    0.30    0.12    0.00    0.77 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PA   1,202,226    0.90    7.91    2.20    1.30    0.25    1.16    0.04    0.43 
                                                    
      AVERAGE   611,489    0.71    6.74    3.05    2.57    0.65    0.51    0.06    0.78 
      MEDIAN   629,678    0.77    7.43    3.04    2.72    0.69    0.40    0.04    0.81 
      HIGH   1,202,226    1.14    10.16    4.06    3.97    1.22    1.16    0.24    1.33 
      LOW   136,513    0.16    1.75    2.07    1.04    0.13    0.06    0.00    0.14 

 

 125 

 

 

EXHIBIT 39

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

COMPARABLE GROUP CHARACTERISTICS AND BALANCE SHEET TOTALS

 

                  Most Recent Quarter 
                    
                          Total   Goodwill         
            Number     Total   Int. Earning   Net   and   Total   Total 
            of     Assets   Assets   Loans   Intang.   Deposits   Equity 
            Offices  Exchange  ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   ($000)   ($000) 
                                        
SUBJECT                                      
                                              
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  Waukesha  WI  4  NASDAQ   258,324    241,728    193,001    79    177,553    61,184 
                                              
COMPARABLE GROUP                                       
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP  CINCINNATI  OH  3  NASDAQ   140,575    126,246    113,308    0    114,914    21,236 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK  ELMIRA  NY  13  NASDAQ   610,578    523,820    496,329    13,362    517,836    58,357 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP  GRAND ISLAND  NE  6  NASDAQ   330,224    294,317    299,389    2,929    287,464    32,391 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES  FAIRPORT  NY  5  NASDAQ   325,313    308,878    278,820    747    232,481    30,023 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL  ROCHESTER  MN  14  NASDAQ   721,666    703,855    595,481    2,878    628,370    85,443 
IROQ  IF BANCORP  WATSEKA  IL  8  NASDAQ   723,870    655,600    487,458    853    611,827    75,920 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP  PHILADELPHIA  PA  10  NASDAQ   1,191,317    1,048,337    586,507    6,580    733,648    132,821 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP  ANNAPOLIS  MD  6  NASDAQ   858,410    802,230    670,289    677    688,772    119,939 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP  WELLESLEY  MA  6  NASDAQ   952,069    863,104    821,215    93    730,793    76,519 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP  PITTSBURGH  PA  6  NASDAQ   355,165    338,401    90,587    0    149,357    32,320 
                                              
   Average        8      620,919    566,479    443,938    2,812    469,546    66,497 
   Median        6      666,122    589,710    491,894    800    564,832    67,139 
   High        14      1,191,317    1,048,337    821,215    13,362    733,648    132,821 
   Low        3      140,575    126,246    90,587    0    114,914    21,236 

 

 126 

 

 

EXHIBIT 40

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

BALANCE SHEET

ASSET COMPOSITION - MOST RECENT QUARTER

 

          As a Percent of Total Assets 
                                                
                          Repo-           Interest   Interest   Capitalized 
      Total   Cash &       Net   Loan Loss   sessed   Goodwill   Non-Perf.   Earning   Bearing   Loan 
      Assets   Invest.   MBS   Loans   Reserves   Assets   & Intang.   Assets   Assets   Liabilities   Servicing 
      ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                                
SUBJECT                                                    
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN  258,324    6.88    12.04    75.47    0.87    0.03    0.03    0.46    93.58    74.83    0.00 
                                                           
                                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                    
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   136,513    7.19    0.00    85.66    0.84    0.00    0.00    0.26    92.52    77.47    0.00 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   323,431    7.32    0.11    89.33    1.33    0.07    0.91    1.09    94.71    76.13    0.29 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   324,997    7.03    1.77    86.84    0.50    0.00    0.24    0.11    95.19    86.31    0.24 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   356,229    40.47    30.67    25.08    0.14    0.00    0.00    0.06    95.55    84.00    0.00 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   596,831    6.44    2.01    82.14    0.74    0.03    2.25    0.82    89.45    76.23    0.18 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   662,525    6.34    14.79    75.30    0.96    0.24    0.13    0.15    95.93    83.67    0.13 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   721,616    12.15    1.07    84.72    1.20    0.06    0.40    0.35    96.67    64.97    0.25 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   881,209    16.44    2.70    77.13    0.91    0.18    0.08    0.43    95.90    72.97    0.05 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   909,308    9.41    1.63    86.40    0.77    0.00    0.01    0.12    96.72    76.46    0.01 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   1,202,226    20.07    26.22    48.81    0.43    0.04    0.55    1.12    94.85    86.55    0.00 
                                                           
   Average   611,489    13.29    8.10    74.14    0.78    0.06    0.46    0.45    94.75    78.48    0.12 
   Median   629,678    8.37    1.89    83.43    0.81    0.04    0.19    0.31    95.37    76.97    0.09 
   High   1,202,226    40.47    30.67    89.33    1.33    0.24    2.25    1.12    96.72    86.55    0.29 
   Low   136,513    6.34    0.00    25.08    0.14    0.00    0.00    0.06    89.45    64.97    0.00 
                                                           
ALL THRIFTS (107)                                                       
   Average   2,345,028    11.28    6.92    75.50    0.70    0.09    0.87    0.49    93.32    76.07    0.13 
                                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                                                   
   Average   1,149,206    12.61    6.17    74.27    0.73    0.13    0.52    0.53    92.80    76.90    0.18 
                                                           
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                                                   
   Average   966,729    9.16    5.00    80.10    0.79    0.03    0.04    0.15    93.38    78.38    0.03 

 

 127 

 

 

EXHIBIT 41

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

BALANCE SHEET COMPARISON

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY - MOST RECENT QUARTER

 

              As a Percent of  Assets 
                                  Acc. Other               Total 
      Total   Total   Total   Total   Other   Preferred   Common   Compr.   Retained   Total   Tier 1   Risk-Based 
      Liabilities   Equity   Deposits   Borrowings   Liabilities   Equity   Equity   Income   Earnings   Equity   Leverage   Capital 
      ($000)   ($000)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                                    
SUBJECT                                                         
                                                                
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN197,140    61,184    68.73    6.10    1.49    0.00    23.68    0.09    13.79    23.68    19.05    25.60 
                                                                
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                        
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   115,471    21,042    82.07    0.00    2.52    0.00    15.41    0.00    10.85    15.41    15.43    17.15 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   291,222    32,209    87.04    1.85    1.15    0.00    9.96    (0.00)   5.42    9.96    9.80    11.56 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   295,130    29,867    69.36    20.12    1.33    0.00    9.19    (0.04)   5.90    9.19    9.12    15.73 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   324,423    31,806    41.99    48.26    0.82    0.00    8.93    (0.11)   8.09    8.93    9.16    17.18 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   538,600    58,231    83.90    5.24    1.11    0.00    9.76    (0.01)   0.55    9.76    8.40    12.82 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   589,012    73,513    79.00    8.89    1.01    0.00    11.10    (0.10)   7.90    11.10    11.09    15.93 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   639,633    81,983    87.68    0.00    0.96    0.00    11.36    (0.08)   3.74    11.36    11.27    14.31 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   763,194    118,015    80.94    5.40    0.26    0.00    13.39    (0.01)   7.75    13.39    12.71    19.19 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   835,025    74,284    82.61    7.83    1.39    0.00    8.17    0.01    5.55    8.17    8.37    11.61 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   1,071,754    130,472    69.03    18.72    1.40    0.00    10.85    (0.38)   2.67    10.85    11.06    19.73 
                                                                
   Average   546,346    65,142    76.36    11.63    1.20    0.00    10.81    (0.07)   5.84    10.81    10.64    15.52 
   Median   563,806    65,872    81.51    6.61    1.13    0.00    10.41    (0.02)   5.73    10.41    10.43    15.83 
   High   1,071,754    130,472    87.68    48.26    2.52    0.00    15.41    0.01    10.85    15.41    15.43    19.73 
   Low   115,471    21,042    41.99    0.00    0.26    0.00    8.17    (0.38)   0.55    8.17    8.37    11.56 
                                                                
ALL THRIFTS (107)                                                            
   Average   2,062,913    282,114    77.72    9.25    0.96    0.01    11.73    (0.10)   5.78    11.81    11.42    18.11 
                                                                
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                                                       
   Average   1,033,727    115,480    79.23    8.23    0.90    0.00    11.58    (0.08)   6.02    11.58    11.33    18.67 
                                                                
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                                                        
   Average   808,380    158,350    73.23    13.18    1.27    0.00    12.32    (0.05)   4.74    12.32    12.45    17.83 

 

 128 

 

 

EXHIBIT 42

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE COMPARISON

TRAILING FOUR QUARTERS

($000)

 

                                  Net             
              Net       Gain   Total   Total   Income             
      Interest   Interest   Interest   Provision   (Loss)   Non-Int.   Non-Int.   Before   Income   Net   Core 
      Income   Expense   Income   for Loss   on Sale   Income   Expense   Taxes   Taxes   Income   Income 
                                                
SUBJECT                                                      
                                                           
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN11,122    2,663    8,459    364    (429)   774    7,267    1,602    383    1,219    1,219 
                                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                   
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   5,105    739    4,366    99    0    1,678    5,298    613    131    165,240    168,137 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   12,416    2,170    10,246    27    0    2,702    9,386    3,349    951    12,801    12,475 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   12,932    3,721    9,211    300    0    2,305    10,327    631    32    6,035    6,057 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   10,972    3,691    7,281    72    (7)   458    3,712    3,594    941    2,540    2,540 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   21,078    4,330    16,748    367    0    4,621    15,597    5,227    988    4,035    3,977 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   24,733    6,525    18,208    793    0    4,266    16,541    4,402    1,148    34,424    31,394 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   30,445    2,080    28,365    (649)   0    6,860    23,849    11,836    3,036    904    952 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   37,595    7,285    30,310    (300)   0    6,426    24,310    12,418    3,102    4,165    4,490 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   33,638    7,604    26,034    585    0    2,621    17,578    9,751    2,658    3,315    3,261 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   36,815    10,721    26,094    600    (376)   3,080    15,298    11,398    1,991    77,140    59,659 
                                                           
   Average   22,573    4,887    17,686    189    (38)   3,502    14,190    6,322    1,498    31,060    29,294 
   Median   22,906    4,026    17,478    200    0    2,891    15,448    4,815    1,068    5,100    5,274 
   High   37,595    10,721    30,310    793    0    6,860    24,310    12,418    3,102    165,240    168,137 
   Low   5,105    739    4,366    (649)   (376)   458    3,712    613    32    904    952 
                                                           
ALL THRIFTS (107)                                                      
   Average   21,483    4,031    17,252    189    0    3,057    15,597    6,861    1,281    11,831    12,152 
                                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                                                   
   Average   44,448    10,104    34,344    130    59    19,731    38,063    15,842    3,341    165,523    163,438 
                                                           
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                                                   
   Average   37,562    9,278    28,284    (35)   (20)   40,774    52,832    16,110    3,944    36,991    37,273 

 

 129 

 

 

EXHIBIT 43

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE COMPARISON

AS A PERCENTAGE OF AVERAGE ASSETS

 

                                  Net             
              Net       Gain   Total   Total   Income             
      Interest   Interest   Interest   Provision   (Loss)   Non-Int.   Non-Int.   Before   Income   Net   Core 
      Income   Expense   Income   for Loss   on Sale   Income   Expense   Taxes   Taxes   Income   Income 
                                                
SUBJECT                                                      
                                                           
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN4.24    1.02    3.23    0.14    (0.16)   0.30    2.77    0.61    0.15    0.47    0.47 
                                                           
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                   
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   3.75    0.54    3.21    0.07    0.00    1.23    3.89    0.45    0.10    0.33    0.31 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   4.18    0.73    3.45    0.01    0.00    0.91    3.16    1.13    0.32    0.83    0.73 
FSBC FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   3.98    1.15    2.84    0.09    0.00    0.71    3.18    0.19    0.01    0.16    0.16 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   3.12    1.05    2.07    0.02    (0.00)   0.13    1.06    1.02    0.27    0.79    0.80 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   3.63    0.75    2.89    0.06    0.00    0.80    2.69    0.90    0.17    0.70    0.69 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   3.77    1.00    2.78    0.12    0.00    0.65    2.52    0.67    0.18    0.47    0.47 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   4.20    0.29    3.92    (0.09)   0.00    0.95    3.29    1.63    0.42    1.24    1.12 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   4.23    0.82    3.41    (0.03)   0.00    0.72    2.74    1.40    0.35    1.14    1.14 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   3.91    0.88    3.02    0.07    0.00    0.30    2.04    1.13    0.31    0.81    0.80 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   3.33    0.97    2.36    0.05    (0.03)   0.28    1.38    1.03    0.18    0.87    0.90 
                                                           
   Average   3.81    0.82    2.99    0.04    (0.00)   0.67    2.59    0.96    0.23    0.73    0.71 
   Median   3.84    0.85    2.95    0.06    0.00    0.72    2.71    1.03    0.22    0.80    0.76 
   High   4.23    1.15    3.92    0.12    0.00    1.23    3.89    1.63    0.42    1.24    1.14 
   Low   3.12    0.29    2.07    (0.09)   (0.03)   0.13    1.06    0.19    0.01    0.16    0.16 
                                                           
ALL THRIFTS (107)                                                       
   Average   3.97    0.76    3.21    0.07    0.00    0.97    3.10    1.27    0.27    1.00    0.98 
                                                           
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                                                   
   Average   3.91    0.70    3.21    0.05    0.00    1.51    3.77    0.87    0.19    0.68    0.67 
                                                           
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                                                   
   Average   3.82    0.79    3.02    0.00    0.00    2.42    4.35    1.06    0.26    0.80    0.81 

 

 130 

 

 

EXHIBIT 44

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

YIELDS, COSTS AND EARNINGS RATIOS

TRAILING FOUR QUARTERS

 

      Yield on   Cost of   Net   Net                 
      Int. Earning   Int. Bearing   Interest   Interest           Core   Core 
      Assets   Liabilities   Spread   Margin *   ROAA   ROAE   ROAA   ROAE 
      (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                    
SUBJECT                                        
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN   4.52    1.79    2.74    3.44    0.47    2.02    0.47    2.02 
                                            
COMPARABLE GROUP                                        
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   4.27    0.76    3.50    3.59    0.33    2.15    0.31    2.02 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   4.35    0.98    3.37    3.45    0.83    7.88    0.73    6.94 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   4.34    1.96    2.38    2.92    0.16    1.78    0.16    1.75 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   3.42    3.11    0.31    2.08    0.79    8.77    0.80    8.88 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   4.19    1.04    3.15    3.22    0.70    6.99    0.69    6.89 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   4.19    1.61    2.58    2.87    0.47    4.29    0.47    4.26 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   4.42    0.39    4.03    4.07    1.24    11.27    1.12    10.16 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   4.89    1.24    3.65    3.88    1.14    8.84    1.14    8.82 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   4.20    1.37    2.83    3.06    0.81    9.77    0.80    9.73 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   3.90    1.97    1.93    2.43    0.87    7.61    0.90    7.91 
                                            
   Average   4.22    1.44    2.77    3.16    0.73    6.94    0.71    6.74 
   Median   4.23    1.30    2.99    3.14    0.80    7.75    0.77    7.43 
   High   4.89    3.11    4.03    4.07    1.24    11.27    1.14    10.16 
   Low   3.42    0.39    0.31    2.08    0.16    1.78    0.16    1.75 
                                            
ALL THRIFTS (107)                                        
   Average   4.40    1.17    3.23    3.47    1.00    8.35    0.98    8.17 
                                            
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                                     
   Average   4.34    1.05    3.28    3.47    0.68    11.13    0.67    10.72 
                                            
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                                     
   Average   4.19    1.29    2.90    3.26    0.80    7.61    0.81    7.26 

 

*Based on average interest-earning assets.

 

 131 

 

 

EXHIBIT 45

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

RESERVES AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

 

      RESERVES AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 
              Net         
      Reserves/       Chargeoffs/   Provisions/     
      Gross   Reserves/   Average   Net   Effective 
      Loans   NPA   Loans   Chargeoffs   Tax Rate 
      (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                        
SUBJECT                        
                             
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN1.14    187.50    0.01    1,820.00    23.91 
                             
COMPARABLE GROUP                         
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   0.95    324.51    0.12    75.00    24.49 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   1.46    121.51    0.13    16.71    27.06 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   0.58    470.11    0.00    NM    2.23 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   0.57    222.71    0.00    NM    26.05 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   0.89    89.71    0.11    90.85    17.84 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   1.26    624.07    0.01    1,064.29    27.32 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   1.39    342.94    (0.01)   1,212.20    25.59 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   1.16    212.09    (0.03)   138.89    24.33 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   0.88    618.62    0.00    NM    27.16 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   0.88    38.68    0.01    714.29    15.40 
                             
   Average   1.00    306.50    0.03    473.17    21.75 
   Median   0.92    273.61    0.01    138.89    25.04 
   High   1.46    624.07    0.13    1,212.20    27.32 
   Low   0.57    38.68    (0.03)   16.71    2.23 
                             
ALL THRIFTS (107)                         
   Average   0.89    146.94    0.04    312.81    20.72 
                             
MIDWEST THRIFTS (37)                         
   Average   0.93    132.14    0.04    789.06    18.87 
                             
WISCONSIN THRIFTS (3)                         
   Average   1.05    NM    0.00    408.25    17.25 

  

 132 

 

 

EXHIBIT 46

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Dublin, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

COMPARABLE GROUP MARKET, PRICING AND FINANCIAL RATIOS

STOCK PRICES AS OF AUGUST 12, 2019

FINANCIAL DATA/ALL RATIOS MOST RECENT FOUR QUARTERS

 

      Market Data   Pricing Ratios   Dividends   Financial Ratios 
                                                                
                          Price/       Price/   Price/   12 Mo.                     
      Market   Price/   12 Mo.   Bk. Value   Price/   Book   Price/   Tang.   Core   Div./   Dividend   Payout   Equity/   Core   Core 
      Value   Share   EPS   /Share   Earnings   Value   Assets   Bk. Val.   Earnings   Share   Yield   Ratio   Assets   ROAA   ROAE 
      ($M)   ($)   ($)   ($)   (X)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (X)   ($)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%)   (%) 
                                                                
FIRST FEDERAL BANK OF WISCONSIN                                                       
   Midpoint   67,000    10.00    0.19    13.75    58.62    72.70    23.16    72.70    51.52    0.00    0.00    0.00    31.86    0.43    1.35 
                                                                               
   Minimum   56,950    10.00    0.23    15.33    49.12    65.23    20.02    65.23    43.25    0.00    0.00    0.00    30.69    0.44    1.45 
   Maximum   77,050    10.00    0.17    12.59    68.40    79.42    26.19    79.42    60.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    32.98    0.42    1.27 
   Maximum, as adjusted   88,608    10.00    0.14    11.58    79.99    86.37    29.56    86.37    70.03    0.00    0.00    0.00    34.23    0.40    1.18 
                                                                               
ALL THRIFTS  (107)                                                                          
   Average   341,787    28.61    1.24    20.36    15.86    112.11    16.22    128.07    15.20    0.65    2.77    27.61    11.81    0.98    8.17 
   Median   82,167    17.89    1.09    15.22    13.84    112.89    13.27    123.41    13.45    0.29    1.51    14.27    11.02    0.80    7.70 
                                                                               
WISCONSIN THRIFTS  (3)                                                                          
   Average   190,474    17.30    1.10    16.52    19.00    103.41    13.64    103.77    23.50    0.69    3.33    48.92    12.32    0.81    7.26 
   Median   84,905    17.06    1.08    13.73    15.80    106.76    10.31    107.59    16.73    0.94    4.50    60.13    9.65    0.78    7.19 
                                                                               
COMPARABLE GROUP  (10)                                                                          
   Average   68,617    17.37    1.12    16.21    23.51    107.47    11.67    112.71    24.25    0.30    1.85    25.60    10.81    0.71    6.74 
   Median   62,498    16.85    0.97    15.87    13.74    108.52    11.59    112.39    13.75    0.17    0.95    11.61    10.41    0.76    7.42 
                                                                               
COMPARABLE GROUP                                                                          
EFBI  EAGLE FIN BANCORP   25,873    15.75    0.27    12.81    58.33    122.96    18.95    122.96    61.60    0.00    0.00    0.00    15.41    0.31    2.02 
ESBK  ELMIRA SAVINGS BANK   48,720    14.00    1.16    16.73    12.07    83.67    8.16    108.72    12.25    0.92    6.57    79.31    9.76    0.69    6.89 
EQFN  EQUITABLE FINANCIAL CORP   38,123    12.18    0.79    10.29    15.42    118.36    11.79    130.23    17.56    0.00    0.00    0.00    9.96    0.73    6.94 
FSBC  FSB COMMUNITY BANKSHARES   33,754    17.37    0.27    15.37    64.33    113.02    10.39    116.06    65.42    0.00    0.00    0.00    9.19    0.16    1.75 
HMNF  HMN FINANCIAL   101,443    20.95    1.85    16.93    11.32    123.74    14.06    128.21    12.55    0.00    0.00    0.00    11.36    1.12    10.16 
IROQ  IF BANCORP   76,276    21.30    0.86    20.53    24.77    103.76    11.51    104.99    25.02    0.25    1.17    29.07    11.10    0.47    4.26 
PBIP  PRUDENTIAL BANCORP   148,886    16.67    1.07    14.61    15.58    114.11    12.38    120.20    14.95    1.00    6.00    93.46    10.85    0.90    7.91 
SVBI  SEVERN BANCORP   102,839    8.05    0.79    9.24    10.19    87.14    11.67    87.69    10.16    0.12    1.49    15.19    13.39    1.14    8.82 
WEBK  WELLESLEY BANCORP   77,170    30.41    2.74    29.27    11.10    103.88    8.49    104.02    11.15    0.22    0.72    8.03    8.17    0.80    9.73 
WVFC  WVS FINANCIAL CORP   33,083    17.02    1.42    16.36    11.99    104.02    9.29    104.02    11.83    0.44    2.59    30.99    8.93    0.80    8.88 

  

 133 

 

 

EXHIBIT 47

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

VALUATION ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION - SECOND STAGE OFFERING

 

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

 

Pricing ratios and parameters:

 

      Midpoint   Comparable Group   All Thrifts 
Pro Forma  Symbol  Ratios   Average   Median   Average   Median 
                        
Price to earnings (X)  P/E   58.62    23.51    13.74    15.86    13.84 
Price to core earnings  (X)  P/CE   51.52    24.25    13.75    15.20    13.45 
Price to book value  P/B   72.70%   107.47    108.52    112.11    112.89 
Price to tangible book value  P/TB   72.70%   112.71    112.39    128.07    123.41 
Price to assets  P/A   23.16%   11.67    11.59    16.22    13.27 
                             
Pre conversion earnings  (Y)  $1,219,000    For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019 
Pre conversion core earnings  (CY)  $1,370,000    For the twelve months ended June 30, 2019 
Pre conversion book value  (B)  $61,184,000    At June 30, 2019           
Pre conversion tang. book value  (TB)  $61,184,000    At June 30, 2019           
Pre conversion assets  (A)  $258,324,000    At June 30, 2019           
                             
Conversion expense  (X)   3.53%   Percent sold                  (PCT)         54.90%
ESOP stock purchase  (E)   8.00%   Option % granted            (OP)         10.00%
ESOP cost of borrowings, net  (S)   0.00%   Est. option value             (OV)         25.90%
ESOP term (yrs.)  (T)   20    Option maturity               (OM)         5 
RRP amount  (M)   4.00%   Option % taxable             (OT)         25.00%
RRP term  (yrs.)  (N)   5    Price per share                  (P)        $10.00 
Tax rate  (TAX)   21.00%                    
Investment rate of return, pretax      1.66%                    
Investment rate of return, net  (RR)   1.31%                    

 

Formulae to indicate value after conversion:

 

1.  P/CE method:     Value  =                                         P/CE*CY                                              =                  $   67,000,000 
((1-P/CE*(PCT)*((1-X-E-M)*(RR*(1-TAX))-((1-TAX)*E/T)-((1-TAX)*M/N)-((1-TAX)*OT)*(OP*OV)/OM)))        
         
2.  P/B method:     Value  =                  P/B*(B)             =                  $   67,000,000 
(1-PB*(PCT)*(1-X-E-M))        
         
3.  P/A method:     Value  =                 P/A*(A)             =                  $   67,000,000 
(1-PA*(PCT)*(1-X-E-M))        

 

VALUATION CORRELATION AND CONCLUSIONS:

 

           Gross Proceeds             
   Exchange   Public   of Public   Exchange   Total   TOTAL 
   Shares Issued   Shares Issued   Offering   Ratio   Shares Issued   VALUE 
                         
Midpoint   3,021,700    3,678,300   $36,783,000    1.0114    6,700,000   $67,000,000 
                               
Minimum   2,568,445    3,126,555   $31,265,550    0.8597    5,695,000   $56,950,000 
Maximum   3,474,955    4,230,045   $42,300,450    1.1631    7,705,000   $77,050,000 
Maximum, as adjusted   3,996,198    4,864,552   $48,645,518    1.3375    8,860,750   $88,607,500 

 

 134 

 

 

EXHIBIT 48

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

At the MINIMUM

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

Offering proceeds (1)  $31,265,550     
Less:  Estimated offering expenses   1,300,000      
Net offering proceeds  $29,965,550      

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

Net offering proceeds  $29,965,550     
Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   3,751,866      
Less: Cash contribution to foundation   250,000      
Plus MHC consolidation   99,963      
Net offering proceeds invested  $26,063,647      
           
Investment rate, after taxes   1.31%     
           
Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $341,799      
Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0      
Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   98,799      
Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   197,598      
Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   153,453      
Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(108,052)     

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

   Net   Core 
         
Before conversion - 12 months ended 6/30/19  $1,219,000   $1,370,000 
Net earnings increase (decrease)   (108,052)   (108,052)
After conversion  $1,110,948   $1,261,948 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

   Total   Tangible 
         
Before conversion - 6/30/19  $61,184,000   $61,184,000 
Net cash conversion proceeds   26,063,647    26,063,647 
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500    52,500 
After conversion  $87,300,147   $87,300,147 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

Before conversion - 12/31/17  $258,324,000     
Net cash conversion proceeds   26,063,647      
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500      
After conversion  $284,440,147      

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

 135 

 

 

EXHIBIT 49

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

At the MIDPOINT

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

Offering proceeds (1)  $36,783,000     
Less:  Estimated offering expenses   1,300,000      
Net offering proceeds  $35,483,000      

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

Net offering proceeds  $35,483,000     
Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   4,413,960      
Less: Cash contribution to foundation   250,000      
Plus MHC consolidation   99,963      
Net offering proceeds invested  $30,919,003      
           
Investment rate, after taxes   1.31%     
           
Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $405,472      
Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0      
Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   116,234      
Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   232,469      
Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   180,533      
Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(123,764)     

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

   Regular   Core 
         
Before conversion - 12 months ended 6/30/19  $1,219,000   $1,370,000 
Net earnings increase   (123,764)   (123,764)
After conversion  $1,095,236   $1,246,236 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

   Total   Tangible 
         
Before conversion - 6/30/19  $61,184,000   $61,184,000 
Net cash conversion proceeds   30,919,003    30,919,003 
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500    52,500 
After conversion  $92,155,503   $92,155,503 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

Before conversion - 12/31/17  $258,324,000     
Net cash conversion proceeds   30,919,003      
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500      
After conversion  $289,295,503      

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

  

 136 

 

 

EXHIBIT 50

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

At the MAXIMUM

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

Offering proceeds (1)  $42,300,450     
Less:  Estimated offering expenses   1,300,000      
Net offering proceeds  $41,000,450      

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

Net offering proceeds  $41,000,450      
Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   5,076,054     
Less: Cash contribution to foundation   250,000      
Plus MHC consolidation   99,963      
Net offering proceeds invested  $35,774,359      
           
Investment rate, after taxes   1.31%     
           
Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $469,145      
Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0      
Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   133,669      
Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   267,339      
Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   207,613      
Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(139,476)     

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

   Regular   Core 
         
Before conversion - 12 months ended 6/30/19  $1,219,000   $1,370,000 
Net earnings increase   (139,476)   (139,476)
After conversion  $1,079,524   $1,230,524 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

   Total   Tangible 
         
Before conversion - 6/30/19  $61,184,000   $61,184,000 
Net cash conversion proceeds   35,774,359    35,774,359 
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500    52,500 
After conversion  $97,010,859   $97,010,859 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

Before conversion - 12/31/17  $258,324,000     
Net cash conversion proceeds   35,774,359      
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500      
After conversion  $294,150,859      

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

 137 

 

 

EXHIBIT 51

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

PROJECTED EFFECT OF CONVERSION PROCEEDS

First Federal Bank of Wisconsin

At the Maximum, as adjusted

 

1.Gross Offering Proceeds

 

Offering proceeds (1)  $48,645,518     
Less:  Estimated offering expenses   1,300,000      
Net offering proceeds  $47,345,518      

 

2.Generation of Additional Income

 

Net offering proceeds  $47,345,518     
Less:  Stock-based benefit plans  (2)   5,837,462      
Less: Cash contribution to foundation   250,000      
Plus MHC consolidation   99,963      
Net offering proceeds invested  $41,358,018      
           
Investment rate, after taxes   1.31%     
           
Earnings increase - return on  proceeds invested  $542,369      
Less:  Estimated cost of ESOP borrowings   0      
Less:  Amortization of ESOP borrowings, net of taxes   153,720      
Less:  Stock-based incentive plan expense, net of taxes   307,440      
Less:  Option expense, net of applicable taxes   238,755      
Net earnings increase (decrease)  $(157,545)     

 

3.Comparative Pro Forma Earnings

 

   Regular   Core 
         
Before conversion - 12 months ended 6/30/19  $1,219,000   $1,370,000 
Net earnings increase   (157,545)   (157,545)
After conversion  $1,061,455   $1,212,455 

 

4.Comparative Pro Forma Net Worth  (3)

 

   Total   Tangible 
         
Before conversion - 6/30/19  $61,184,000   $61,184,000 
Net cash conversion proceeds   41,358,018    41,358,018 
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500    52,500 
After conversion  $102,594,518   $102,594,518 

 

5.Comparative Pro Forma Assets

 

Before conversion - 12/31/17  $258,324,000     
Net cash conversion proceeds   41,358,018      
Tax benefit of foundation contribution   52,500      
After conversion  $299,734,518      

 

(1)Represents gross proceeds of public offering.
(2)Represents ESOP and stock-based incentive plans.
(3)ESOP and RRP are omitted from net worth.

 

 138 

 

 

EXHIBIT 52

 

KELLER & COMPANY

Columbus, Ohio

614-766-1426

 

SUMMARY OF VALUATION PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT

 

       Premium or (discount) 
       from comparable group. 
   First Federal Bank of
Wisconsin
   Average   Median 
             
Midpoint:               
Price/earnings   58.62 x    149.34%   326.64%
Price/book value   72.70%*   (32.35)%   (33.01)%
Price/assets   23.16%   98.46%   99.83%
Price/tangible book value   72.70%   (35.50)%   (35.31)%
Price/core earnings   51.52 x    112.45%   274.69%
                
Minimum of range:               
Price/earnings   49.12 x    108.93%   257.50%
Price/book value   65.23%*   (39.30)%   (39.89)%
Price/assets   20.02%   71.55%   72.74%
Price/tangible book value   65.23%   (42.13)%   (41.96)%
Price/core earnings   43.25 x    78.35%   214.55%
                
Maximum of range:               
Price/earnings   68.40 x    190.94%   397.82%
Price/book value   79.42%*   (26.10)%   (26.82)%
Price/assets   26.19%   124.42%   125.97%
Price/tangible book value   79.42%   (29.54)%   (29.34)%
Price/core earnings   60.00 x    147.42%   336.36%
                
Super maximum of range:               
Price/earnings   79.99 x    240.24%   482.17%
Price/book value   86.37%*   (19.63)%   (20.41)%
Price/assets   29.56%   153.30%   155.05%
Price/tangible book value   86.37%   (23.37)%   (23.15)%
Price/core earnings   70.03 x    188.78%   409.31%

 

*       Represents pricing ratio associated with primary valuation method.

 

 139 

 

 

ALPHABETICAL


 

EXHIBITS

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

KELLER & COMPANY, INC.

Financial Institution Consultants

 

555 Metro Place North, Suite 524 614-766-1426
Dublin, Ohio 43017 (fax) 614-766-1459
   

 

PROFILE OF THE FIRM

 

KELLER & COMPANY, INC. is a national consulting firm to financial institutions, serving clients throughout the United States from its office in Dublin, Ohio. Since our inception in 1985, we have provided a wide range of consulting services to over 250 financial institutions including banks, thrifts, mortgage companies, insurance companies and holding companies from Oregon to Maine.

 

Services offered by Keller & Company include the preparation of stock and ESOP valuations, fairness opinions, business and strategic plans, capital plans, financial models and projections, market studies, de novo charter and deposit insurance applications, incentive compensation plans, compliance policies, lending, underwriting and investment criteria, and responses to regulatory comments. Keller & Company also serves as advisor in merger/acquisition, deregistration, going private, secondary offering and branch purchase/sale transactions. Keller & Company is additionally active in loan review, director and management review, product analysis and development, performance analysis, compensation review, policy development, charter conversion, data processing, information technology systems, and conference planning and facilitation.

 

Keller & Company is one of the leading firms in the U.S. with regard to the completion of ESOP valuations for financial institutions and prepares over 25 ESOP valuations a year. Keller is also one of the leading conversion appraisal firms in the United States.

 

Keller has on-line access to current and historical financial, organizational and demographic data for every financial institution and financial institution holding company in the United States as well as daily pricing data and ratios for all publicly traded financial institutions.

 

Keller & Company is an experienced appraiser of financial institutions for filing conversion appraisals with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve Board and numerous state government agencies, and is also approved by the Internal Revenue Service as an expert in financial institution stock valuations.

 

Each of the firm's senior consultants has over thirty years of front line experience and accomplishment in various areas of the financial institution, regulatory and real estate sectors, offering clients distinct and diverse areas of expertise. It is the goal of Keller & Company to provide specific and ongoing relationship-based services that are pertinent, focused and responsive to the needs of the individual client institution within the changing industry environment, and to offer those services at reasonable fees on a timely basis. In recent years, Keller & Company has become one of the leading and most recognized financial institution consulting firms in the nation.

 

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CONSULTANTS IN THE FIRM

 

MICHAEL R. KELLER has over thirty years experience as a consultant to the financial institution industry. Immediately following his graduation from college, Mr. Keller took a position as an examiner of financial institutions in northeastern Ohio with a focus on Cleveland area institutions. After working two years as an examiner, Mr. Keller entered Ohio State University full time to obtain his M.B.A. in Finance.

 

Mr. Keller then worked as an associate for a management consulting firm specializing in services to financial institutions immediately after receiving his M.B.A. During his eight years with the firm, he specialized in mergers and acquisitions, branch acquisitions and sales, branch feasibility studies, stock valuations, charter applications, and site selection analyses. By the time of his departure, he had attained the position of vice president, with experience in almost all facets of banking operations.

 

Prior to forming Keller & Company, Mr. Keller also worked as a senior consultant in a larger consulting firm. In that position, he broadened his activities and experience, becoming more involved with institutional operations, business and strategic planning, regulatory policies and procedures, performance analysis, conversion appraisals, and fairness opinions. Mr. Keller established Keller & Company in November 1985 to better serve the needs of the financial institution industry.

 

Mr. Keller graduated from the College of Wooster with a B.A. in Economics in 1972, and later received an M.B.A. in Finance in 1976 from the Ohio State University where he took numerous courses in corporate stock valuations.

  

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Consultants in the Firm (cont.)

 

SUSAN H. O’DONNELL has twenty years of experience in the finance and accounting areas of the banking industry.

 

At the start of her career, Ms. O’Donnell worked in public accounting for Coopers & Lybrand in Cincinnati and earned her CPA. Her clients consisted primarily of financial institutions and health care companies.

 

Ms. O’Donnell then joined Empire Bank of America in Buffalo, New York. During her five years with Empire, Ms. O’Donnell progressed to the level of Vice President and was responsible for SEC, FHLB and internal financial reporting. She also coordinated the offering circular for its initial offering of common stock.

 

Ms. O'Donnell later joined Banc One Corporation where she worked for eleven years. She began her career at Banc One in the Corporate Accounting Department where she was responsible for SEC, Federal Reserve and investor relations reporting and coordinated the offering documents for stock and debt offerings. She also performed acquisition work including regulatory applications and due diligence and established accounting policies and procedures for all affiliates. Ms. O’Donnell later moved within Banc One to the position of chief financial officer of the Personal Trust business responsible for $225 million in revenue. She then provided leadership as the Director of Personal Trust Integration responsible for various savings and revenue enhancements related to the Bank One/First Chicago merger.

 

Ms. O’Donnell graduated from Miami University with a B.S. in Business. She also completed the Leading Strategic Change Program at The Darden School of Business and the Banc One Leadership Development Program.

 

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Consultants in the Firm (cont.)

 

JOHN A. SHAFFER has over thirty years experience in banking, finance, real estate lending, and development.

 

Following his university studies, Mr. Shaffer served as a lending officer for a large real estate investment trust, specializing in construction and development loans. Having gained experience in loan underwriting, management and workout, he later joined Chemical Bank of New York and was appointed Vice President for Loan Administration of Chemical Mortgage Company in Columbus, Ohio. At Chemical, he managed all commercial and residential loan servicing, administering a portfolio in excess of $2 billion. His responsibilities also included the analysis, management and workout of problem commercial real estate loans and equity holdings, and the structuring, negotiation, acquisition and sale of loan servicing, mortgage and equity securities and real estate projects. Mr. Shaffer later formed and managed an independent real estate and financial consulting firm, serving corporate and institutional clients, and also investing in and developing real estate.

 

Mr. Shaffer's primary activities and responsibilities have included financial analysis, projection and modeling, asset and liability management, real estate finance and development, loan management and workout, organizational and financial administration, budgeting, cash flow management and project design.

 

Mr. Shaffer graduated from Syracuse University with a B.S. in Business Administration, later receiving an M.B.A. in Finance and a Ph.D. in Economics from New York University.

 

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EXHIBIT B

 

RB 20

CERTIFICATION

 

I hereby certify that I have not been the subject of any criminal, civil or administrative judgments, consents, undertakings or orders, or any past administrative proceedings (excluding routine or customary audits, inspections and investigation) issued by any federal or state court, any department, agency, or commission of the U.S. Government, any state or municipality, any self-regulatory trade or professional organization, or any foreign government or governmental entity, which involve:

 

(i)commission of a felony, fraud, moral turpitude, dishonesty or breach of trust;

 

(ii)violation of securities or commodities laws or regulations;

 

(iii)violation of depository institution laws or regulations;

 

(iv)violation of housing authority laws or regulations;

 

(v)violation of the rules, regulations, codes or conduct or ethics of a self-regulatory trade or professional organization;

 

(vi)adjudication of bankruptcy or insolvency or appointment of a receiver, conservator, trustee, referee, or guardian.

 

I hereby certify that the statements I have made herein are true, complete and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.

 

    Conversion Appraiser
     
9/3/19   /s/ Michael R. Keller
Date   Michael R. Keller

 

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EXHIBIT C

 

AFFIDAVIT OF INDEPENDENCE

 

STATE OF OHIO,

 

COUNTY OF FRANKLIN, ss:

 

I, Michael R. Keller, being first duly sworn hereby depose and say that:

 

The fee which I received directly from the applicant, FFBW, Inc., in the amount of $38,000 for the performance of my appraisal was not related to the value determined in the appraisal and that the undersigned appraiser is independent and has fully disclosed any relationships which may have a material bearing upon the question of my independence; and that any indemnity agreement with the applicant has been fully disclosed.

 

Further, affiant sayeth naught.

 

  /s/ MICHAEL R. KELLER
  MICHAEL R. KELLER

 

Sworn to before me and subscribed in my presence this 30th day of August 2019.

 

      /s/ JANET M MOHR

JANET M MOHR

NOTARY PUBLIC OHIO

UNION COUNTY

MY COMMISSION EXPIRES

DECEMBER 2, 2022

  NOTARY PUBLIC

 

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