SEC Form 4

FORM 4		UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP Filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or Section 30(h) of the Investment Company Act of 1940	OMB APPROVAL OMB Number: 3235-0287 Estimated average burden hours per response: 0.5
	Check this box if no longer subject to Section 16. Form 4 or Form 5 obligations may continue. See Instruction 1(b).

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* Osmium Partners, LLC (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip)	2. Issuer Name and Ticker or Trading Symbol Spark Networks SE [ LOVLY ]	5. Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer (Check all applicable) Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)
	3. Date of Earliest Transaction (Month/Day/Year) 11/07/2023
	4. If Amendment, Date of Original Filed (Month/Day/Year)	6. Individual or Joint/Group Filing (Check Applicable Line) Form filed by One Reporting Person X Form filed by More than One Reporting Person

Table I - Non-Derivative Securities Acquired, Disposed of, or Beneficially Owned
1. Title of Security (Instr. 3)	2. Transaction Date (Month/Day/Year)	2A. Deemed Execution Date, if any (Month/Day/Year)	3. Transaction Code (Instr. 8)		4. Securities Acquired (A) or Disposed Of (D) (Instr. 3, 4 and 5)			5. Amount of Securities Beneficially Owned Following Reported Transaction(s) (Instr. 3 and 4)	6. Ownership Form: Direct (D) or Indirect (I) (Instr. 4)	7. Nature of Indirect Beneficial Ownership (Instr. 4)
			Code	V	Amount	(A) or (D)	Price
American Depository Shares(1)	11/07/2023		S		377,457(2)	D	$0.0302(2)	3,308,045(2)	I	By Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP
American Depository Shares(1)	11/08/2023		S		343,412(3)	D	$0.0228(3)	2,964,633(3)	I	By Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP
American Depository Shares(1)	11/09/2023		S		380,236(4)	D	$0.0165(4)	2,584,397(4)	I	By Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP
American Depository Shares(1)								342,362	D(5)

Table II - Derivative Securities Acquired, Disposed of, or Beneficially Owned (e.g., puts, calls, warrants, options, convertible securities)
1. Title of Derivative Security (Instr. 3)	2. Conversion or Exercise Price of Derivative Security	3. Transaction Date (Month/Day/Year)	3A. Deemed Execution Date, if any (Month/Day/Year)	4. Transaction Code (Instr. 8)		5. Number of Derivative Securities Acquired (A) or Disposed of (D) (Instr. 3, 4 and 5)		6. Date Exercisable and Expiration Date (Month/Day/Year)		7. Title and Amount of Securities Underlying Derivative Security (Instr. 3 and 4)		8. Price of Derivative Security (Instr. 5)	9. Number of derivative Securities Beneficially Owned Following Reported Transaction(s) (Instr. 4)	10. Ownership Form: Direct (D) or Indirect (I) (Instr. 4)	11. Nature of Indirect Beneficial Ownership (Instr. 4)
				Code	V	(A)	(D)	Date Exercisable	Expiration Date	Title	Amount or Number of Shares

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* Osmium Partners, LLC (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* OSMIUM CAPITAL LP (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* Osmium Capital II, LP (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* OSMIUM SPARTAN L P (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* Lewis John Hartnett (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

1. Name and Address of Reporting Person* Osmium Diamond, LP (Last) (First) (Middle) 5 ROSS AVE (Street) SAN ANSELMO CA 94960 (City) (State) (Zip) Relationship of Reporting Person(s) to Issuer Director X 10% Owner Officer (give title below) Other (specify below)

Explanation of Responses:

1. Each American Depository Share ("ADS") represents 0.1 Ordinary Shares of Spark Networks SE.

2. Includes sales of 170,873, 69,901, 49,590, and 87,093 shares by Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP, respectively, resulting in holdings of 1,497,544, 612,613, 397,457, and 800,431 shares, respectively. The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $0.0200 to $0.0380, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to Spark Networks SE, any security holder of Spark Networks SE, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth in footnote (2) to this Form 4.

3. Includes sales of 155,462, 63,596, 45,117, and 79,237 shares by Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP, respectively, resulting in holdings of 1,342,082, 549,017, 352,340, and 721,194 shares, respectively. The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $0.0200 to $0.0250, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to Spark Networks SE, any security holder of Spark Networks SE, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth in footnote (3) to this Form 4.

4. Includes sales of 172,132, 70,415, 49,955, and 87,734 shares by Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP, respectively, resulting in holdings of 1,169,950, 478,602, 302,385, and 633,460 shares, respectively. The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $0.0164 to $0.0165, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to Spark Networks SE, any security holder of Spark Networks SE, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth in footnote (4) to this Form 4.

5. These shares are held directly by John Lewis.

Remarks:

*Each reporting person expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of any securities of the Issuer except for those securities that are owned directly by the reporting person or to the extent of the reporting person's pecuniary interest in the entity which owns such securities.

	/s/ John H. Lewis, for himself and as Managing Member of Osmium Partners, LLC, for itself and as the General Partner of Osmium Capital, LP, Osmium Capital II, LP, Osmium Spartan, LP and Osmium Diamond, LP	11/09/2023
	** Signature of Reporting Person	Date
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