10-Q 1 a13-13468_110q.htm 10-Q

Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 

x

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013

 

or

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from           to           

 

Commission File Number 001-37560

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Maryland

 

90-0867250

(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification Number)

 

 

 

601 Carlson Parkway, Suite 250

 

 

Minnetonka, Minnesota

 

55305

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

(952) 358-4400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer o

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer x

 

Smaller reporting company o

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o  No x

 

As of August 1, 2013, there were 39,317,956 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

 

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2013

 

INDEX

 

Part I.

Financial Information

 

2

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Financial Statements

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

14

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

28

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

 

28

 

 

 

 

Part II.

Other Information

 

28

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

 

28

 

 

 

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

 

28

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

28

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

29

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

 

29

 

 

 

 

Item 5.

Other Information

 

29

 

 

 

 

Item 6.

Exhibits

 

29

 

 

 

 

Signatures

 

 

30

 

 

 

 

Index to Exhibits

 

31

 



Table of Contents

 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” or “potential” or the negative of these words and phrases or similar words or phrases which are predictions of or indicate future events or trends and which do not relate solely to historical matters. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.

 

The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our current views about future events and are subject to numerous known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause our actual results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Statements regarding the following subjects, among others, may be forward-looking:

 

·         our ability to execute business and investment strategy effectively;

·         our projected operating results;

·         our ability to identify properties to acquire and complete acquisitions;

·         our ability to gain possession and renovate properties;

·         our ability to successfully lease and operate acquired properties;

·         the rates of defaults on, early terminations of or non-renewal of leases by residents;

·         projected operating costs;

·         rental rates or vacancy rates;

·         our ability to obtain financing arrangements;

·         our ability to meet the conditions to draw under our credit facility;

·         our ability to execute share repurchases;

·         interest rates and the market value of our target assets;

·         our ability to qualify and maintain qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

·         availability of qualified personnel;

·         estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;

·         our understanding of our competition; and

·         market trends in our industry, real estate values, the debt securities markets or the general economy.

 

For a discussion of some of the factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements, see the discussion on risk factors in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and in Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other risks and uncertainties detailed in this and our other reports and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.  The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q represent our views as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we have no current intention of doing so except to the extent required by applicable laws.  You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

1



Table of Contents

 

PART I

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(amounts in thousands except share data)

 

 

 

June 30, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

December 31, 2012

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in real estate:

 

 

 

 

 

Land

 

$

135,278

 

$

82,310

 

Building and improvements

 

584,205

 

338,252

 

 

 

719,483

 

420,562

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

(8,615

)

(1,869

)

Investments in real estate, net

 

710,868

 

418,693

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets held for sale

 

4,619

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

39,594

 

228,139

 

Escrow deposits

 

18,407

 

19,727

 

Resident security deposits

 

4,689

 

2,266

 

In-place lease and deferred lease costs, net

 

1,304

 

2,363

 

Deferred financing costs, net

 

3,425

 

 

Other assets

 

4,841

 

6,114

 

Total Assets

 

$

787,747

 

$

677,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit facility

 

$

78,843

 

$

 

Accounts payable and accrued property expenses

 

8,330

 

4,550

 

Resident prepaid rent and security deposits

 

5,589

 

2,713

 

Amounts due to the manager and affiliates

 

8,509

 

3,071

 

Amounts due previous owners

 

4,701

 

6,555

 

Total Liabilities

 

105,972

 

16,889

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10% cumulative redeemable preferred stock, $.01 par; 50,000,000 authorized, 1,000 issued and outstanding

 

1,000

 

1,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock $.01 par; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 39,324,141 and 37,328,213, respectively shares issued and outstanding

 

392

 

372

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

699,450

 

664,146

 

Cumulative deficit

 

(19,562

)

(5,609

)

Total Stockholders’ Equity

 

680,280

 

658,909

 

Noncontrolling interests - Operating Partnership

 

495

 

504

 

Total Equity

 

680,775

 

659,413

 

Total Liabilities and Equity

 

$

787,747

 

$

677,302

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

2



Table of Contents

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (unaudited)

(amounts in thousands except share data)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30,

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2013

 

2012

 

2013

 

2012

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rental income

 

$

10,325

 

$

85

 

$

17,621

 

$

85

 

Other income

 

392

 

2

 

777

 

2

 

Total revenue

 

10,717

 

87

 

18,398

 

87

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property operating and maintenance

 

2,541

 

136

 

4,344

 

136

 

Real estate taxes

 

1,712

 

120

 

3,132

 

120

 

Homeowners’ association fees

 

280

 

7

 

561

 

7

 

Property management

 

3,067

 

9

 

5,498

 

9

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

4,961

 

32

 

8,378

 

32

 

Advisory management fee - affiliates

 

2,578

 

194

 

5,430

 

194

 

General and administrative

 

1,949

 

193

 

3,477

 

193

 

Interest expense

 

158

 

 

158

 

 

Other

 

217

 

 

548

 

 

Total expenses

 

17,463

 

691

 

31,526

 

691

 

Net loss

 

(6,746

)

(604

)

(13,128

)

(604

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - Operating Partnership

 

4

 

 

9

 

 

Net loss attributable to controlling interests

 

(6,742

)

 

(13,119

)

 

Preferred stock distributions

 

(25

)

 

(50

)

 

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

 

$

(6,767

)

$

 

$

(13,169

)

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss per share - basic and diluted (Note 7):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to common shares

 

$

(0.18

)

$

 

$

(0.34

)

$

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

39,318,318

 

 

39,250,612

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

3



Table of Contents

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (unaudited)

(amounts in thousands except share data)

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

 

 

 

Noncontrolling

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

Total

 

Interests-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares
Issued

 

Par Value
Amount

 

Paid-In
Capital

 

Cumulative
Deficit

 

Stockholders’
Equity

 

Operating
Partnership

 

Parent Equity

 

Total
Equity

 

Balance at January 1, 2012

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

(89

)

$

 

$

 

$

250

 

$

161

 

Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

101,000

 

101,000

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

(604

)

 

 

 

(604

)

Balance at June 30, 2012

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

(693

)

$

 

$

 

$

101,250

 

$

100,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at January 1, 2013

 

37,328,213

 

$

372

 

$

664,146

 

$

(5,609

)

$

658,909

 

$

504

 

$

 

$

659,413

 

Net proceeds from sale of common stock

 

1,987,500

 

20

 

34,260

 

 

34,280

 

 

 

34,280

 

Non-cash equity award

 

8,428

 

 

285

 

 

285

 

 

 

285

 

Dividends declared

 

 

 

 

(834

)

(834

)

 

 

(834

)

Other

 

 

 

759

 

 

759

 

 

 

759

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

(13,119

)

(13,119

)

(9

)

 

(13,128

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at June 30, 2013

 

39,324,141

 

$

392

 

$

699,450

 

$

(19,562

)

$

680,280

 

$

495

 

$

 

$

680,775

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (unaudited)

(amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

 

 

2013

 

2012

 

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(13,128

)

$

(604

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used) provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

8,378

 

32

 

Non-cash stock compensation

 

517

 

 

Amortization of deferred financing costs

 

158

 

 

Other

 

283

 

 

Net change in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in escrow reserves under the credit facility

 

(5,812

)

 

Decrease (increase) in deferred lease fees and prepaid rents

 

86

 

(13

)

Decrease (increase) in other assets

 

1,495

 

(98

)

Increase in accounts payable and accrued property expenses

 

2,446

 

357

 

Increase in related party payables, net

 

4,344

 

776

 

Net cash (used) provided by operating activities

 

(1,233

)

450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of investments in real estate

 

(251,847

)

(69,906

)

Capital improvements of investments in real estate

 

(51,572

)

(1,852

)

Decrease (increase) in escrow cash

 

7,133

 

(4,849

)

Other

 

(241

)

 

Net cash used by investing activities

 

(296,527

)

(76,607

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

 

34,405

 

 

Proceeds from revolving credit facility

 

78,843

 

 

Deferred financing costs paid

 

(3,583

)

 

Dividends paid

 

(450

)

 

Capital contribution of parent, net

 

 

101,000

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

109,215

 

101,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

 

(188,545

)

24,843

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

228,139

 

250

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

39,594

 

$

25,093

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

 

$

214

 

$

 

Board of directors stock compensation offset with issuance of common stock

 

$

125

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noncash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock and unit dividends declared, but not paid

 

$

(392

)

$

 

Advisory management fee - additional basis

 

$

759

 

$

 

Capital improvements in accounts payable

 

$

1,274

 

$

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

Note 1.  Organization and Operations

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., or Silver Bay or the Company, is a Maryland corporation that is the continuation of the operations of Silver Bay Property Investment LLC (formerly Two Harbors Property Investment LLC), or Silver Bay Property or the Company’s Predecessor, through a contribution of equity interests in Silver Bay Property to the Company and an initial public offering on December 19, 2012, or the Offering, and certain Formation Transactions described in Note 3.  Until the Offering, Silver Bay Property was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Two Harbors Investment Corp., or Two Harbors or Parent.  The Company began formal operations in February 2012 when it started acquiring single-family properties financed through a parent capital contribution of $101,000.

 

The Company is focused on the acquisition, renovation, leasing and management of single-family residential properties in selected markets in the United States.  As of June 30, 2013, the Company owned 5,571 single-family residential properties, excluding assets held for sale.  The Company owns properties in Phoenix, AZ, Tucson, AZ, Northern California (currently consisting of Contra Costa, Napa, Sacramento and Solano counties), Southern California (currently consisting of Riverside and San Bernardino counties), Orlando, FL, Tampa, FL, Southeast Florida (currently consisting of Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties), Jacksonville, FL, Atlanta, GA, Las Vegas, NV, Charlotte, NC, Columbus, OH, Dallas, TX, and Houston, TX.

 

The Company has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal tax purposes, commencing with, and in connection with the filing of its federal tax return for the portion of its taxable year ended December 31, 2012.  As a REIT, the Company will generally not be subject to federal income tax on the taxable income that it distributes to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates. Even if it qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on its income or property.  In addition, the income of any taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, that the Company owns will be subject to taxation at regular corporate rates.

 

The Company is externally managed by PRCM Real Estate Advisers LLC, or the Manager. The Company relies on the Manager to provide or obtain on its behalf the personnel and services necessary for it to conduct its business as the Company has no employees of its own.

 

Note 2.  Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Pronouncements

 

Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

 

The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, have been condensed or omitted according to such SEC rules and regulations. Management believes, however, that the disclosures included in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.  In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial condition of the Company at June 30, 2013 and results of operations for all periods presented have been made. The results of operations for the three or six months ended June 30, 2013 should not be construed as indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries and intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.  The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., or the Operating Partnership. The Company consolidates real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when it owns, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity or is otherwise able to control the entity.

 

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Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  The Company’s estimates are inherently subjective in nature and actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts in prior period financial statements to conform to current period presentation.  A balance of $23,775, representing cash in acquisition accounts, which are now in the control of the Company, has been reclassified from escrow deposits to cash and cash equivalents in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2012.  This reclassification impacted the prior presentation in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2012.

 

Assets Held for Sale

 

The Company evaluates its long-lived assets on a regular basis to ensure the individual properties still meet its investment criteria. If the Company has determined that an individual property no longer meets its investment criteria, a decision is made to dispose of the property. The property is subject to the Company’s impairment test and any losses are recognized immediately. The property is then marketed for sale and classified as held for sale in the consolidated financial statements, with any material operations reported as discontinued operations.

 

The properties included in held for sale at June 30, 2013 had no leasing operations under the Company’s ownership.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all demand deposits, money market accounts and investments in certificates of deposit purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.  The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 respectively.

 

Escrow Deposits

 

Escrow deposits include refundable and non-refundable cash and earnest money on deposit with the Manager’s operating subsidiary and certain third party property managers for property purchases and renovation costs, certain municipalities for property purchases, and earnest money deposits.  Escrow deposits also include cash held in reserve at financial institutions, as required by the revolving credit facility.  The Company had $5,812 and $0 in reserved cash relating to the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 respectively.

 

Rent and Other Receivables, Net

 

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of residents to make required rent or other payments.  This allowance is estimated based on payment history and current occupancy status.  The Company generally does not require collateral or other security from its residents, other than security deposits.  If estimates of collectability differ from the cash received, the timing and amount of the Company’s reported revenue could be impacted.

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

Net loss and comprehensive loss are the same for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, the Company meets the definition of an “emerging growth company.” The Company has irrevocably elected to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised U.S. accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. As a result, the Company will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies.

 

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SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

Note 3.  Formation Transactions and Offering

 

On December 19, 2012, the Company completed the Offering and raised approximately $228,517 in net proceeds through the issuance of 13,250,000 common shares.  On January 7, 2013, the Company sold an additional 1,987,500 common shares and received net proceeds of approximately $34,280.

 

Concurrently with the Offering, the Company also completed certain merger and formation transactions, or the Formation Transactions. Included in the Formation Transactions was the contribution of the ownership interest of the Predecessor by Two Harbors. For accounting purposes, the Predecessor was considered the acquiring or surviving entity, meaning the Silver Bay Property historical assets and liabilities included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets are recorded at the Predecessor’s historical carryover cost basis. In consideration for the contribution, Two Harbors received 17,824,647 shares of the Company’s common stock, and 1,000 shares of cumulative redeemable preferred stock with an aggregate liquidation preference of $1,000 per share.  On April 24, 2013, Two Harbors distributed by way of a special dividend all shares of the Company’s common stock to their stockholders on a pro rata basis.

 

The owners of the membership interests of entities managed by Provident Real Estate Advisors LLC, or the Provident Entities, contributed their interests in the Provident Entities, which owned 881 single-family properties, to the Company as part of the Formation Transactions.  The contribution of the Provident Entities was considered an acquisition for accounting purposes, resulting in the assets and liabilities of the Provident Entities being recorded at their fair value of $118,492.  In consideration for their contribution, the owners of the Provident Entities received 6,092,995 shares of the newly formed entity’s common stock, valued at $18.50 per share, $5,263 in cash (a use of net proceeds from the Offering) and 27,459 common units in the Operating Partnership, valued at $18.50 per unit because the common units are redeemable for cash or, at the Company’s election, shares of Company common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to applicable adjustments.  The allocations of the purchase price for the Provident Entities were made in accordance with the Company’s allocation policies. There was no allocation of fair value for above or below market in-place leases based on the short-term nature of the leases and stated rates approximating current rental rates.

 

Certain working capital adjustments have been finalized as of June 30, 2013.  Included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets within amounts due previous owners is a $1,100 payable and $202 receivable from the prior members of the Provident Entities as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and $1,261 due to Two Harbors as of December 31, 2012.  The Company will finalize the Provident Entities working capital position after the first anniversary of the Formation Transactions.  There were no working capital adjustments with Two Harbors as of June 30, 2013.  Any future working capital adjustments related to Silver Bay Property will be reflected as an adjustment to additional paid in capital and working capital adjustments related to the Provident Entities will be reflected as a basis adjustment to the single-family properties acquired.

 

In addition, the Company is required to make payments of cash to both Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities as additional purchase price consideration in the Formation Transactions. The total amount to be paid to Two Harbors and prior members of the Provident Entities is equal to 50% of the advisory management fee payable to the Manager, as described in Note 8, during the first year after the Offering (before adjustment for any property management fees received by the Manager’s operating subsidiary), subject to an aggregate amount payable to Two Harbors of no more than $4,024.  These payments reduce the amount owed to the Manager on a dollar-for-dollar basis and thus have no net impact on expenditures of the Company. The amounts to be individually paid to Two Harbors and prior members of the Provident Entities are based upon the relative values they each provided as part of the Formation Transactions, which were approximately 73.6% and 26.4%, respectively. As a result, as of June 30, 2013, the Company has an estimated remaining liability of $3,852 as part of its Formation Transactions, including the Two Harbors component recorded at the remaining aggregate cap amount.  The additional cash payments are required to be made quarterly in conjunction with the payment of the advisory management fee.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company recorded advisory management fee expense of $2,578 and $5,430 (see Note 8), of which $1,016 and $2,119 relates to the amortization of the deferred charges for the Two Harbors component of the fee and $364 and $759 related to the Provident Entities component of the fee, respectively.  Based upon Two Harbors’ assets being recorded at carryover basis, the estimated liability related to Two Harbors of $2,784 has been recorded as a deferred charge and included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and will be amortized as advisory management fee expense ratably each quarter.  The estimated liability related to the Provident Entities of $1,068 has been recorded as additional basis to the single-family residential real properties acquired from the Provident Entities. Because these payments will be funded by the Manager through the reduction of its advisory management fee, the Company has determined that the full recognition of advisory management fee expense would still need to be recorded and will record the portion related to payments to the prior members

 

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Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

of the Provident Entities through the recognition of additional paid-in capital, which amounted to $364 and $759 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 respectively.

 

Note 4.  Revolving Credit Facility

 

On May 10, 2013, the Company entered into a $200,000 revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks.  The Company is able to draw up to 55% of the aggregate value of the eligible properties based on the lesser of (a) the third-party broker price opinion value or (b) the original purchase price plus certain renovation and other capitalized costs of the properties.  The credit facility matures on May 10, 2016 and bears interest at a varying rate of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 3.50% subject to a LIBOR floor of 0.5%.  The Company is also required to pay a monthly fee on the unused portion of the credit facility at a rate of 0.5% per annum, which begins to accrue 90 days following the closing of the credit facility. The credit facility may be used for the acquisition, financing and renovation of properties and other general purposes.  As of June 30, 2013, $78,843 was outstanding under the credit facility.

 

All amounts outstanding under the credit facility are collateralized by the equity interests of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, or pledged subsidiaries. The amounts outstanding under the credit facility and certain obligations contained therein are guaranteed by Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. and the Operating Partnership only in the case of certain bad acts (including bankruptcy) and up to $20,000 for completion of certain property renovations, as outlined in the credit documents.

 

The credit facility does not contractually restrict the Company’s ability to pay dividends but certain covenants contained therein may limit the amount of cash available for distribution.  The credit facility requires the Company to meet certain quarterly financial tests pertaining to net worth, total liquidity, debt yield and debt service coverage ratios, as defined by the agreement.  The Company must maintain, as defined by the agreement, total liquidity of $25,000 and a net worth of at least $125,000, excluding assets of the borrowers, at all times.  As of June 30, 2013, the Company satisfied the total liquidity requirement through maintaining a balance in excess of $25,000 in cash and cash equivalents on the Company and the Operating Partnership.  The credit facility also provides for the restriction of cash whereby the Company must set aside funds for payment of insurance, property taxes and certain property operating and maintenance expenses associated with properties in the pledged subsidiaries portfolios.  As of June 30, 2013, the Company has $5,812 included in escrow deposits associated with the required reserves. The agreement also contains customary events of default for a facility of this type, including payment defaults, covenant defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency, judgments, change of control and cross-default with certain other indebtedness.

 

In connection with the credit facility, the Manager’s operating subsidiary assigned the property management agreements it maintained with third parties to the Company. This means the Company will incur costs under those agreements in the future that are payable directly to the third parties as opposed to paying such amounts to the Manager’s operating subsidiary as reimbursement. The Manager’s operating subsidiary remains obligated to oversee and manage the performance of these property managers. The Company also entered into separate property management agreements with the Manager’s operating subsidiary covering the properties pledged as part of the credit facility. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company pays a property management fee equal to 10% of collected rents, which reduces its reimbursement obligations by an equal amount thus resulting in no net impact to the amount the Company pays the Manager’s operating subsidiary for property management services.

 

The Company capitalizes interest for properties undergoing renovation activities.  Capitalized interest associated with the Company’s renovation activities totaled $295 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and the weighted average interest rate for the period was 4.00%.

 

Costs incurred in the placement of the Company’s debt are being amortized using the straight line method over the term of the related debt.  This method approximates the effective interest method.  The Company incurred deferred financing costs of $3,583 in connection with its credit facility, net of amortization.  Amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 was $158 and was recorded as interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Note 5.  Equity Incentive Plan

 

On May 22, 2013, the Company awarded each of its independent directors an equity retainer in the form of an award of restricted stock with a fair market value of $50 through the issuance of 13,880 total shares.  This annual equity retainer for such

 

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Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

independent directors will vest as to all of such shares on the earlier of (i) the one year anniversary of the date of grant (ii) the date immediately preceding the date of the Company’s next annual meeting of stockholders, subject in each case, to the independent director’s continued service to the company through the vesting date.  On this date, the Company also awarded each independent director $25 in immediately vesting shares of the Company’s common stock, amounting to 6,940 total shares, in recognition of the additional work involved as independent directors of a new public company.

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company recognized $67 and $239, respectively, of stock compensation expense in property management and $164 and $278, respectively, of stock compensation expense in general administrative.  Additionally, the Company offset IPO proceeds of $125 as additional paid-in capital, rather than expense, related to the shares issued to its independent directors for their additional work related to the Company’s initial public offering.

 

Note 6.  Stockholders’ Equity

 

Common Stock Dividends

 

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its common stock since its formation:

 

Declaration Date

 

Record Date

 

Payment Date

 

Cash Dividend
per Share

 

March 21, 2013

 

April 1, 2013

 

April 12, 2013

 

$

0.01

 

June 20, 2013

 

July 1, 2013

 

July 12, 2013

 

0.01

 

 

Preferred Stock Dividends

 

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its 10% cumulative redeemable preferred stock since its formation:

 

Declaration Date

 

Payment Date

 

Cash Dividend
per Share

 

March 21, 2013

 

April 12, 2013

 

$

31.39

 

June 26, 2013

 

June 28, 2013

 

25.00

 

 

The March 21, 2013 dividend declaration included amounts relating to the period from the date of the Formation Transactions through April 12, 2013.

 

Note 7.  Earnings (Loss) Per Share

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss and shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share, or EPS, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.  The Company has not calculated EPS for the comparable periods in 2012, as the Company did not have common stock outstanding until the Formation Transactions closed on December 19, 2012.

 

The following is a summary of the elements used in calculating basic and diluted EPS computations:

 

 

 

Three Months
Ended

 

Six Months
Ended

 

 

 

June 30, 2013

 

June 30, 2013

 

Net loss attributable to controlling interests

 

$

(6,742

)

$

(13,119

)

Preferred stock distributions

 

(25

)

(50

)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

 

(6,767

)

(13,169

)

Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding

 

39,318,318

 

39,250,612

 

Net loss per common share - Basic and Diluted

 

$

(0.18

)

$

(0.34

)

 

A total of 27,459 common units were outstanding at June 30, 2013, but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS as their inclusion would not be dilutive.

 

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Table of Contents

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

Note 8.  Related Party Transactions

 

Advisory Management Agreement

 

In conjunction with the Formation Transactions, the Company and the Manager entered into a new advisory management agreement, whereby the Manager designs and implements the Company’s business strategy and administers its business activities and day-to-day operations, subject to oversight by the Company’s board of directors.  In exchange for these services, the Manager earns a fee equal to 1.5% per annum, or 0.375% per quarter, of the Company’s daily average fully diluted market capitalization, as defined by the agreement, calculated and payable quarterly in arrears. The fee is reduced for the 5% property management fee (described below) received by the Manager’s operating subsidiary or its affiliates under the property management and acquisition services agreement. The Company will also reimburse the Manager for all expenses incurred on its behalf or otherwise in connection with the operation of its business, other than compensation for the Chief Executive Officer and personnel providing data analytics directly supporting the investment function.  If the Manager provides services to a party other than the Company or one of its subsidiaries, a portion of these expenses will be allocated to and reimbursed by such other party in a fair and equitable manner as determined by the Manager in good faith.

 

The initial term of the advisory management agreement expires on December 19, 2015 and will be automatically renewed for a one year term at the end of the initial term and each anniversary thereafter unless terminated. Upon termination of the management agreement by the Company for reasons other than cause, or by the Manager for cause that the Company is unwilling or unable to timely cure, the Company will pay the Manager a termination fee equal to 4.5% of the daily average of the Company’s fully diluted market capitalization in the quarter preceding such termination.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company estimated the total advisory management fee earned during the period by the Manager (net of the reduction for the 5% property management fee described below) was $1,198 and $2,552 respectively.  As outlined in Note 3, the Company is required to make certain payments to Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities based upon 50% of the advisory management fee earned by the Manager during the first year subsequent to the Offering (before adjustment for any property management fees received by the Manager’s operating subsidiary). The Manager has agreed to fund these payments through the forgiveness of an equal portion of the advisory management fee payable by the Company during the same period. The Company expensed $1,380 and $2,878, respectively, in advisory management fees to Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, and applied such payables as a reduction to advisory management fees to the Manager. The remaining portion of the advisory management fee to the Manager for these periods have been accrued and reflected in amounts due to the Manager and affiliates on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Prior to the Formation Transactions, Two Harbors allocated certain advisory expenses related to its operations based on 1.5% of member’s equity on an annualized basis.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company incurred Two Harbors advisory fees totaling $194, which are included in advisory management fee in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Property Management and Acquisition Services Agreement

 

In conjunction with the Formation Transactions, the Company entered into a new property management and acquisition services agreement with the Manager’s operating subsidiary. Under this agreement, the Manager’s operating subsidiary will acquire additional single-family properties on the Company’s behalf and manages the properties owned by the Company in select target markets. For these services, the Company reimburses the Manager’s operating subsidiary for all direct expenses incurred in the operation of its business, including the compensation of its employees. The Manager’s operating subsidiary also receives a property management fee equal to 5% of certain costs and expenses incurred by it in the operation of its business that are reimbursed by the Company. This 5% property management fee reduces the advisory management fee paid to the Manager.

 

The Manager’s operating subsidiary has agreed not to provide these services to anyone other than the Company, its subsidiaries and any future joint venture in which the Company is an investor prior to December 19, 2015, the initial term of the agreement. The agreement will be automatically renewed for a one year term at the end of the initial term and each anniversary thereafter unless terminated.

 

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SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, the Company accrued direct expense reimbursements of $2,372 and $4,280, respectively, and the 5% property management fee of $181 and $327, respectively, which are included in property management and amounts due to the Manager and affiliates in the condensed consolidated financial statements. In addition, the Company incurred charges with the Manager’s operating subsidiary of $1,328 and $2,643, respectively, in acquisitions and renovation fees which were capitalized as part of property acquisition and renovation costs, $68 and $100, respectively, for leasing services, which are reflected as other assets and are being amortized over the life of the leases (typically one year or less) and $3,067 and $5,498, respectively, for property management during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.  As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company owed $3,992 and $994 respectively for these services which are included in amounts due to the manager and affiliates on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and in property management expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Prior to the Formation Transactions, Two Harbors paid property management and acquisition service fees based on the number of homes acquired, leased and renovated in addition to a fee based on monthly rental income. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company incurred $1,000 in acquisition and renovation fees which were capitalized as part of property acquisition and renovation costs, $37 for leasing services, which are deferred and amortized over the life of the leases (typically one year or less) and $6 for property management, which are included in property management - affiliate on the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012.

 

Other

 

The Company reimbursed the Manager for direct and allocated costs incurred by the Manager on behalf of the Company, primarily related to employee compensation.  These direct and allocated costs totaled approximately $1,009 and $1,819, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and were expensed as general and administrative expense.  As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company owed $1,819 and $1,609, respectively, for these costs including reimbursed offering costs (at December 31, 2012) in equity which is included in amounts due to the Manager and affiliates in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Prior to the Formation Transaction, Two Harbors allocated certain direct general and administrative expenses (primarily professional fees and travel costs) paid on behalf of the Company to external vendors. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company was allocated $159 in direct expenses.

 

Note 9.  Fair Value

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

Codification Topic Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) established a three level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:

 

Level 1 — Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 

Level 2 — Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

 

Level 3 — Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

In accordance with ASC 820, the Company is required to disclose the fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recognized and not recognized in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for which fair value can be estimated.  The following describes the Company’s methods for estimating the fair value for financial instruments. Descriptions are not provided for those items that have zero balances as of June 30, 2013.

 

·                  Cash and cash equivalents, escrow deposits, resident security deposits, resident rent receivable (included in other assets), accounts payable and accrued property expenses, amounts due to the manager and affiliates, and amounts due previous

 

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SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Quarter Ended June 30, 2013

(amounts in thousands, except share data and property counts)

 

owners have carrying values which approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.  The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these assets and liabilities as Level 1.

·                  The Company’s credit facility has a floating interest rate based on an index plus a spread and the credit spread is consistent with those demanded in the market. Accordingly, the interest rate on this borrowing is at market and thus the carrying value of the debt approximates fair value. The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of this liability as Level 1.

·                  The Company’s preferred stock had a fair value which approximates its liquidation value at June 30, 2013.  The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of this instrument as Level 2.

 

Nonrecurring Fair Value

 

The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment periodically or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable.  These impairment measurements constitute nonrecurring fair value measures under ASC 820 and the inputs are characterized as Level 2.

 

Note 10.  Commitments and Contingencies

 

Concentrations

 

As of June 30, 2013, approximately 60% of the Company’s properties were located in Phoenix, AZ, Tampa, FL, and Atlanta, GA, which exposes the Company to greater economic risks than if owned on a more geographically dispersed portfolio.

 

Purchase Obligations

 

As of June 30, 2013, for properties acquired through individual broker transactions which involve submitting a purchase offer, the Company had offers accepted to purchase residential properties for an aggregate amount of $13,964.  However, not all of these properties are certain to be acquired because properties may fall out of escrow through the closing process for various reasons.

 

Note 11.  Subsequent Events

 

Share Repurchase Plan

 

On July 1, 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to 2,500,000 shares of its common stock through a share repurchase program. The shares are expected to be repurchased from time to time through privately negotiated transactions or open market transactions, including pursuant to a trading plan in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or by any combination of such methods. The manner, price, number and timing of share repurchases will be subject to a variety of factors, including market conditions and applicable U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission rules.

 

Interest Rate Cap Agreement

 

On July 3, 2013, the Company entered into an interest rate cap agreement with an aggregate notional amount of $125,000 and a LIBOR cap of 3.00% at a purchase price of $372 to manage interest rate risk associated with its credit facility.  The Company determined that the interest rate cap qualifies for hedge accounting and, therefore, designated the derivative as a cash flow hedge with future changes in fair value anticipated to be recognized through other comprehensive income.

 

Additional events subsequent to June 30, 2013 were evaluated through the date these financial statements were issued and no additional events were identified requiring further disclosure in these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This report, including the following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations, contains forward-looking statements regarding future events or trends that should be read in conjunction with the factors described under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included in this report. In addition, our actual results could differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements as a result of the factors discussed under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” as well as the risk factors described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of this report.

 

Overview

 

We are an externally-managed Maryland corporation focused on the acquisition, renovation, leasing and management of single-family properties in selected markets in the United States. Our principal financial objective is to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders over the long term, primarily through dividends and secondarily through capital appreciation. We generate virtually all of our revenue by leasing our portfolio of single-family properties. As of June 30, 2013 we owned 5,571 single-family properties in Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio and Texas.

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. was incorporated in Maryland in June 2012. Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. conducts its business and owns all of its properties through Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., or the Operating Partnership. Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.’s wholly owned subsidiary, or the General Partner, is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. has no material assets or liabilities other than its investment in the Operating Partnership. As of June 30, 2013, Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. owned, through a combination of direct and indirect interests, 99.9% of the partnership interests in the Operating Partnership.

 

We have elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal tax purposes, commencing with, and in connection with the filing of our federal tax return for, the portion of our taxable year ended December 31, 2012.  As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on the taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income or property.  In addition, the income of any taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, that we own will be subject to taxation at regular corporate rates.

 

We are externally managed by PRCM Real Estate Advisers LLC, or our Manager. We rely on our Manager to provide or obtain on our behalf the personnel and services necessary for us to conduct our business as we have no employees of our own. Our Manager is a joint venture of an affiliate of Pine River Capital Management L.P., or Pine River, and Provident Real Estate Advisors LLC, or Provident. Our Manager and its operating subsidiary together provide us with a suite of investment, acquisition, project management and property management services, utilizing the combined expertise of Pine River and Provident.

 

In connection with our initial public offering in December 2012, we completed a series of contribution and merger transactions, or the Formation Transactions, through which we acquired an initial portfolio, or our Initial Portfolio, of more than 3,300 single-family properties from Two Harbors Investment Corp., or Two Harbors, and the owners of the membership interests of entities managed by Provident, or the Provident Entities. Acquisition of Two Harbors Property Investment LLC (now known as Silver Bay Property Investment LLC), or Silver Bay Property or our Predecessor, accounted for more than 2,400 properties in our Initial Portfolio. Silver Bay Property began acquiring this portfolio of single-family properties in the first quarter of 2012. The acquisition of the Provident Entities accounted for 881 properties in our Initial Portfolio.  Provident began acquiring, renovating, managing and overseeing the leasing of these single-family properties in 2009, acquiring properties in Arizona, Florida, Georgia and Nevada through the Provident Entities, five private limited liability companies for which Provident served as the managing member.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Property Portfolio

 

Our real estate investments consist of single-family properties in selected markets. A significant portion of the properties we own were purchased within the last six months and are still in the process of being possessed, renovated, marketed and leased for the first time. As of June 30, 2013, we owned 5,571 single-family properties, excluding properties held for sale, and had entered into contracts to purchase an additional 109 properties in the following markets:

 

Market

 

Number of
Properties (1)

 

Aggregate Cost
Basis (2)
(thousands)

 

Average Cost
Basis Per
Property
(thousands)

 

Average Age
(in years) (3)

 

Average
Square
Footage

 

Number of
Leased
Properties

 

Number of
Vacant
Properties (4)

 

Average Monthly
Rent for Leased
Properties (5)

 

Phoenix

 

1,426

 

$

192,860

 

$

135

 

24.2

 

1,635

 

1,071

 

355

 

$

1,045

 

Atlanta

 

973

 

113,951

 

117

 

16.9

 

2,019

 

629

 

344

 

1,178

 

Tampa

 

925

 

121,096

 

131

 

23.7

 

1,657

 

685

 

240

 

1,222

 

Northern CA (6)

 

413

 

73,104

 

177

 

45.1

 

1,381

 

323

 

90

 

1,451

 

Las Vegas

 

291

 

40,086

 

138

 

16.8

 

1,719

 

233

 

58

 

1,112

 

Columbus

 

273

 

22,422

 

82

 

35.8

 

1,415

 

66

 

207

 

889

 

Tucson

 

208

 

17,443

 

84

 

39.9

 

1,330

 

189

 

19

 

839

 

Dallas

 

204

 

23,053

 

113

 

20.4

 

1,642

 

72

 

132

 

1,240

 

Orlando

 

199

 

28,206

 

142

 

24.8

 

1,681

 

128

 

71

 

1,265

 

Southern CA (7)

 

158

 

22,847

 

145

 

43.1

 

1,347

 

105

 

53

 

1,115

 

Southeast FL (8)

 

156

 

26,907

 

172

 

33.0

 

1,734

 

11

 

145

 

1,757

 

Charlotte

 

129

 

16,563

 

128

 

11.8

 

1,982

 

65

 

64

 

1,193

 

Jacksonville

 

116

 

12,528

 

108

 

31.3

 

1,564

 

19

 

97

 

1,008

 

Houston

 

100

 

8,417

 

84

 

29.7

 

1,697

 

14

 

86

 

1,173

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

5,571

 

$

719,483

 

$

129

 

25.8

 

1,673

 

3,610

 

1,961

 

$

1,148

 

 


(1)                       Total properties exclude properties held for sale or sold by our TRS and any properties acquired in previous periods in sales that have been subsequently rescinded or vacated.

 

(2)                       Aggregate cost includes all capitalized costs, determined in accordance with GAAP, incurred through June 30, 2013 for the acquisition, stabilization, and significant post-stabilization renovation of properties, including land, building, possession costs and renovation costs.  Aggregate cost does not include accumulated depreciation.

 

(3)                       As of June 30, 2013, approximately 19% of our properties were less than 10 years old, 26% were between 10 and 20 years old, 18% were between 20 and 30 years old, 17% were between 30 and 40 years old, 9% were between 40 and 50 years old, and 11% were more than 50 years old.

 

(4)                       Total number of vacant properties includes properties in the process of stabilization as well as those available for lease.

 

(5)                       Average monthly rent for leased properties was calculated as the average of the contracted monthly rent for all leased properties as of June 30, 2013 and reflects rent concessions amortized over the life of the related lease.

 

(6)                       Northern California market currently consists of Contra Costa, Napa, Sacramento and Solano counties.

 

(7)                       Southern California market currently consists of Riverside and San Bernardino counties.

 

(8)                       Southeast Florida market currently consists of Miami Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties.

 

Recent Highlights of 2013

 

At June 30, 2013, we owned 5,571 residential properties, reflecting the acquisition of 985 single-family properties during the second quarter of 2013. Overall portfolio occupancy increased from 52.5% at March 31, 2013 to 64.8% at June 30, 2013 and revenue increased 39.5% on a sequential quarter basis to $10.7 million in the second quarter of 2013. Throughout our ramp-up stage, acquisition activity has outpaced renovation and leasing activity which has caused overall portfolio occupancy to remain below occupancy on a steady-state portfolio. This trend reversed in the second quarter of 2013 as renovation and leasing activity increased to absorb the new inventory and as new acquisitions decreased as a proportion of our existing portfolio.

 

We completed renovations on approximately 1,070 properties and increased our leased properties by 1,197 properties (net of move-outs), reflecting an increase over the number of properties renovated in the prior quarter of 9.7% and an increase in the number of properties leased of 49.6%. The increases in completed renovations stem from an increase in dedicated project management personnel focusing on timely renovations, and the increase in the number of properties leased reflects the impact of our expanded

 

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leasing infrastructure and entry into a period with historically higher leasing activity in our markets. As of June 30, 2013 we owned 3,830 stabilized properties in our portfolio with an occupancy rate of 94.3% at an average monthly rent of $1,148.

 

On May 10, 2013, certain of our subsidiaries entered into a $200.0 million revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks.  The credit facility matures in May 2016 and bears interest at a varying rate of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 3.50% subject to a LIBOR floor of 0.5%. We had $39.6 million in cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2013 and had drawn down $78.8 million under our revolving credit facility.

 

On June 20, 2013, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.01 per share of common stock, which was paid on July 12, 2013.

 

On July 1, 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to 2,500,000 shares of its common stock. The shares are expected to be repurchased from time to time through privately negotiated transactions or open market transactions, including pursuant to a trading plan in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, by any combination of such methods. The manner, price, number, method and timing of share repurchases will be subject a variety of factors, including market conditions, other corporate considerations, and applicable U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, rules.

 

Factors Likely to Affect Silver Bay Results of Operations

 

Our results of operations and financial condition will be affected by numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. The key factors we expect to impact our results of operations and financial condition include our pace and costs of acquisitions, the time and costs required to stabilize a newly acquired property and convert the same to rental, the age of our properties, rental rates, the varying costs of internal and external property management, occupancy levels, rates of resident turnover, home price appreciation, changes in homeownership rates, our expense ratios and our capital structure.

 

Industry and Market Outlook

 

The housing market environment in our markets remains attractive for single-family property acquisitions and rentals. Pricing remains attractive and supply is strong in certain key markets and demand for housing is growing. We continue to see strong interest in single-family rental properties by institutional investors and believe this interest to be a positive indicator of the overall cheapness of housing, the unfolding of the housing market recovery and the industry’s long-term potential.

 

The recovery of the U.S. residential housing market continues to be an important theme in our investment thesis. Housing prices across all of our core markets have appreciated over the past year. In the second quarter of 2013, housing price increases accelerated in all our markets. As seen in the following table, each of our current markets experienced 6-10% home price appreciation during the three months ended May 31, 2013. Despite these gains, we believe housing in our markets of Arizona, Florida, Georgia, and Dallas, Texas continues to provide attractive acquisition opportunities and remains cheap relative to replacement cost and affordability metrics, and we expect to focus new acquisitions in these markets in the near term.

 

MSA Home Price Appreciation (“HPA”)(1)

Source: Corelogic as of May 31, 2013

 

Market

 

HPA
 
(Peak to
Trough)
(2)

 

HPA
 
(Peak to
Current)

 

HPA
 
(Prior 12
months)

 

HPA
 
(Prior 3
months)

 

Phoenix, AZ

 

-53

%

-36

%

18

%

6

%

Tucson, AZ

 

-43

%

-34

%

9

%

6

%

Northern CA(3)

 

-60

%

-50

%

22

%

7

%

Southern CA(4)

 

-54

%

-43

%

18

%

8

%

Jacksonville, FL

 

-41

%

-31

%

8

%

10

%

Orlando, FL

 

-55

%

-43

%

14

%

7

%

Southeast FL(5)

 

-54

%

-43

%

13

%

7

%

Tampa, FL

 

-48

%

-39

%

10

%

7

%

Atlanta, GA

 

-34

%

-18

%

16

%

10

%

Charlotte, NC

 

-17

%

-5

%

9

%

9

%

Las Vegas, NV

 

-60

%

-48

%

25

%

9

%

Columbus, OH

 

-19

%

-12

%

1

%

6

%

Dallas, TX

 

-14

%

0

%

10

%

8

%

Houston, TX

 

-13

%

2

%

10

%

7

%

National

 

-33

%

-20

%

12

%

8

%

 

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Table of Contents

 


(1)         “MSA” means Metropolitan Statistical Areas, which is generally defined as one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban core area of at least a 50,000-person population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.

(2)         Peak refers to highest historical home prices in a particular market. Trough refers to lowest home prices in a particular market since the peak.

(3)         MSA used for Northern California is Fairfield-Vallejo, which most closely approximates the geographic area in which we purchase homes in Northern California. This MSA is comprised of Solano County and the most populous cities in the MSA are Vallejo, Fairfield, Vacaville, Suisun and Benicia.

(4)         MSA used for Southern California is Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario. This MSA is comprised of Riverside and San Bernardino Counties and the most populous cities in the MSA are Riverside, San Bernardino, Fontana and Moreno.

(5)         MSA used for Southeast FL is Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach.

 

The supply of homes available for sale that meet our criteria is large and the shadow inventory pipeline remains elevated. Based on data from the Mortgage Bankers Association we estimate that as of the first quarter 2013 there were more than 5 million mortgages in some form of delinquency or foreclosure, or more than 10% of all mortgages. This is roughly double normalized levels. However, competition for this inventory from individuals and institutions remains strong as we have seen shrinking distressed inventories in certain markets such as Phoenix, Las Vegas and California. Certain markets in Florida continue to have elevated levels of supply and a large backlog of foreclosures in the pipeline due in part to the state’s judicial foreclosure process.

 

On the demand side, we anticipate continued strong rental demand for single-family homes. While new building activity has begun to increase, we believe substantial under-investment in residential housing over the past six years will create upward pressure on home prices and rents as demand exceeds supply. We expect this will take time and will be uneven across markets but believe pricing will inevitably revert to replacement cost, which would be favorable to our total return profile.

 

Acquisitions

 

Our Manager’s ability to identify and acquire single-family properties that meet our investment criteria will be affected by home prices in our markets, the inventory of properties available through our acquisition channels and competition for our target assets. We acquired 985 properties in the three months ended June 30, 2013. Our acquisition rate slowed throughout the quarter as we fully deployed the proceeds from our initial public offering, shifted to acquiring properties with funds from our credit facility and turned our focus to renovating and leasing our existing inventory. In the absence of additional debt or equity capital, we anticipate our pace of acquisitions will continue to slow.

 

Broker and bulk purchases continued to represent a growing proportion of our new acquisitions. Broker, auction and bulk purchases accounted for the acquisition of approximately 70%, 20% and 10% of the properties acquired in the second quarter of 2013, respectively. By comparison, more than 55% of the properties acquired in the first quarter of 2013 and 70% of the properties acquired in 2012 were acquired at auction. The increase in the number of broker purchases reflects our increased focus on such transactions, our expanded network of broker contacts and increased short sale activity in our markets. Bulk purchases in the second quarter of 2013 consisted of four transactions for 89 total properties. For purposes of this discussion, “broker” refers to a purchase of a single property directly from the owner, including REO, short sales and properties listed on a multiple listing service; “auction” refers to properties purchased at trustee or judicial auctions; and “bulk” refers to purchases of more than one property in a single sale directly from the owner, often an investor group, financial institution or governmental agency, and may include future acquisitions of entire legal entities holding single-family properties.

 

Stabilization, Renovation and Leasing

 

As of June 30, 2013, many properties in our portfolio were not yet generating rental income.  Before an acquired property becomes an income producing asset, we must possess, renovate, market and lease the property.  We refer to this process as property stabilization. We consider a property stabilized at the earlier of (i) its first authorized occupancy or (ii) 90 days after the renovations for such property are complete regardless of whether the property is leased. Properties acquired with in-place leases are considered stabilized even though such properties may require future renovation to meet our standards and may have existing residents who would not otherwise meet our resident screening requirements.

 

We stabilized 1,216 properties in the three months ended June 30, 2013, a 53.0% increase over the number of properties stabilized in the prior quarter. This increase in the quarterly stabilization numbers is primarily attributable to an increase in leasing, which reflects the impact of both our expanded leasing infrastructure and entry into prime leasing season in our markets. We also completed renovations on approximately 1,070 properties and increased our leased properties by 1,197 properties (net of move-outs),

 

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reflecting an increase over the number of properties renovated in the prior quarter of 9.7% and an increase in the number of properties leased of 49.6%.

 

The typical stabilization period for our properties has ranged from three to six months depending on the factors discussed above. Through June 30, 2013, 52.7% of our properties (including those acquired by our Predecessor but excluding the properties acquired from the Provident Entities) had been stabilized within six months of acquisition.  The average time to stabilization for our properties on a portfolio basis was 132 days and the average time to stabilization for properties stabilized in the second quarter of 2013 was 148 days, each increasing slightly from the comparable average stabilization times as of March 31, 2013. This increased stabilization time on a sequential quarter basis and the higher quarterly average as compared to the portfolio average are each a function of our historic acquisition activity outpacing our historic renovation and leasing activity during our ramp-up, which resulted in our stabilizing longer held properties in the second quarter of 2013 as compared to the first quarter. We believe this trend will ultimately reverse itself as the increased renovation and leasing activity absorbs the historic inventory and keeps pace with new inventory. Of the properties stabilized in the second quarter of 2013, the average time from acquisition to completion of renovation was 102 days and the average time from the completion of renovation until the lease effective date was 43 days compared to averages of 85 days and 55 days, respectively, for properties stabilized in the first quarter of 2013. The sequential quarter increase in the average time from acquisition to completion of renovation is attributable to the same factor that caused our average stabilization time to increase in sequential quarters as described above. The decrease in the time between completion of renovation and lease effective date is primarily attributable to expanded leasing infrastructure and entry into prime leasing season in our markets. The sum of the average time from acquisition to completion of renovation and the average time from completion of renovation to lease (145 days) differs from the average time to stabilization (148 days) because stabilized properties includes properties where renovations have been completed for at least 90 days even though they have not yet been leased.

 

The following table summarizes our stabilized properties and those owned six months or longer as of June 30, 2013:

 

 

 

Stabilized Properties

 

Properties Owned at Least Six Months

 

Market

 

Number of
Stabilized
Properties

 

Properties
Leased

 

Properties
Vacant

 

Occupancy
Rate

 

Average Monthly
Rent for Leased
Stabilized
Properties (1)

 

Properties
Owned 6
Months or
Longer

 

Properties
Leased

 

Properties
Vacant

 

Occupancy Rate

 

Average Monthly
Rent for Properties
Owned at Least Six
Months (2)

 

Phoenix

 

1,158

 

1,071

 

87

 

92.5

%

$

1,045

 

1,001

 

908

 

93

 

90.7

%

$

1,056

 

Atlanta

 

700

 

629

 

71

 

89.9

%

1,178

 

602

 

527

 

75

 

87.5

%

1,190

 

Tampa

 

704

 

685

 

19

 

97.3

%

1,222

 

810

 

652

 

158

 

80.5

%

1,224

 

Northern CA

 

340

 

323

 

17

 

95.0

%

1,451

 

255

 

229

 

26

 

89.8

%

1,491

 

Las Vegas

 

238

 

233

 

5

 

97.9

%

1,112

 

211

 

194

 

17

 

91.9

%

1,177

 

Columbus (3)

 

66

 

66

 

 

100.0

%

889

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tucson

 

195

 

189

 

6

 

96.9

%

839

 

187

 

179

 

8

 

95.7

%

840

 

Dallas

 

73

 

72

 

1

 

98.6

%

1,240

 

26

 

23

 

3

 

88.5

%

1,254

 

Orlando

 

129

 

128

 

1

 

99.2

%

1,265

 

90

 

89

 

1

 

98.9

%

1,308

 

Southern CA

 

108

 

105

 

3

 

97.2

%

1,115

 

129

 

86

 

43

 

66.7

%

1,141

 

Southeast FL (3)

 

14

 

11

 

3

 

78.6

%

1,757

 

 

 

 

 

 

Charlotte

 

70

 

65

 

5

 

92.9

%

1,193

 

60

 

51

 

9

 

85.0

%

1,191

 

Jacksonville (3)

 

21

 

19

 

2

 

90.5

%

1,008

 

 

 

 

 

 

Houston (3)

 

14

 

14

 

 

100.0

%

1,173

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

3,830

 

3,610

 

220

 

94.3

%

$

1,148

 

3,371

 

2,938

 

433

 

87.2

%

$

1,160

 

 


(1)             Average monthly rent for leased stabilized properties was calculated as the average of the contracted monthly rent for all stabilized leased properties as of June 30, 2013 and reflects rent concessions amortized over the life of the related lease.

 

(2)             Average monthly rent for properties owned at least six months was calculated as the average of the contracted monthly rent for all properties owned at least six months as of June 30, 2013 and reflects rent concessions amortized over the life of the related lease.

 

(3)             As of June 30, 2013, there were no properties owned six months or longer in this market.

 

Stabilized occupancy increased from 92.3% as of March 31, 2013 to 94.3% as of June 30, 2013 as a result of increased leasing in the second quarter and low resident turnover. Occupancy of properties owned six months or longer increased from 80.7% as of March 31, 2013 to 87.2% as of June 30, 2013 as a result of second quarter renovation and leasing activity keeping pace and exceeding historical acquisition activity.

 

In the quarter ended June 30, 2013, 155 properties turned over. This turnover number includes move-outs, evictions and lease breaks on our stabilized portfolio but excludes evictions of unauthorized residents in properties acquired at auction. Quarterly turnover for the three months ended June 30, 2013 was 4.0%. Quarterly turnover represents the number of properties turned over in the period divided by the number of properties in stabilized status during the period (i.e. 3,830 properties for the three months ended June 30,

 

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Table of Contents

 

2013). We believe that our turnover rate is not indicative of future results on a stabilized portfolio and that the turnover rate will be higher in future periods because the large number of recently-leased and stabilized properties in our current portfolio results in a disproportionately small number of properties with expiring leases and thus lower potential turnover attributable to resident move-out. The total number of properties with lease expirations in the three months ended June 30, 2013 was 483, including properties with month-to-month occupancy in the period. Of these properties, 94 properties turned over, including 14 evictions or early move outs and 80 end-of-lease move outs.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Results of Operations

 

We earn revenue primarily from rents collected from residents under lease agreements for our properties. The key drivers of revenue (aside from portfolio growth) are rental and occupancy rates.  Our revenue may be affected by macroeconomic, local and property level factors, including market conditions, seasonality, resident defaults or vacancies, timing of renovation activities and occupancy of properties and timing to re-lease vacant properties. We acquired our Predecessor upon consummation of the Formation Transactions, and our operations represent the continuation of our Predecessor. Comparisons to the 2012 periods presented in our financial statements are not generally meaningful as our Predecessor did not have substantial operations through June 30, 2012.

 

Operating expenses associated with the operations of our residential properties primarily include property insurance, utilities and lawn maintenance (once market ready until leased), bad debts, repairs and maintenance, real estate taxes and homeowners’ association fees. Our residential properties are managed by our Manager’s operating subsidiary or third-party property management companies. As our properties are placed in service, we record depreciation and amortization expense on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related assets.

 

Expenses associated with the overall operation of our business consist primarily of advisory management fees and general and administrative costs.  Because we have no employees, we rely on our Manager to oversee our operations.  Our general and administrative expenses primarily consist of reimbursed compensation and certain public company expenses.

 

The following are our results of operations (unaudited) for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 and March 31, 2013 along with the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sequential Quarter Comparison

 

Income Statement Data (unaudited)

 

Three Months Ended
June 30,

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2013 vs March 31, 2013

 

(amounts in thousands except share data)

 

2013

 

2012

 

2013

 

2012

 

2013

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rental income

 

$

10,325

 

$

85

 

$

17,621

 

$

85

 

$

7,296

 

$

3,029

 

41.5

%

Other income

 

392

 

2

 

777

 

2

 

385

 

7

 

1.8

%

Total revenue

 

10,717

 

87

 

18,398

 

87

 

7,681

 

3,036

 

39.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property operating and maintenance

 

2,541

 

136

 

4,344

 

136

 

1,803

 

738

 

40.9

%

Real estate taxes

 

1,712

 

120

 

3,132

 

120

 

1,420

 

292

 

20.6

%

Homeowners’ association fees

 

280

 

7

 

561

 

7

 

281

 

(1

)

(0.4

)%

Property management

 

3,067

 

9

 

5,498

 

9

 

2,431

 

636

 

26.2

%

Depreciation and amortization

 

4,961

 

32

 

8,378

 

32

 

3,417

 

1,544

 

45.2

%

Advisory management fee - affiliates

 

2,578

 

194

 

5,430

 

194

 

2,852

 

(274

)

(9.6

)%

General and administrative

 

1,949

 

193

 

3,477

 

193

 

1,528

 

421

 

27.6

%

Interest expense

 

158

 

 

158

 

 

 

158

 

 

Other

 

217

 

 

548

 

 

331

 

(114

)

(34.4

)%

Total expenses

 

17,463

 

691

 

31,526

 

691

 

14,063

 

3,400

 

24.2

%

Net loss

 

(6,746

)

(604

)

(13,128

)

(604

)

(6,382

)

(364

)

5.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - Operating Partnership

 

4

 

 

9

 

 

5

 

(1

)

(20.0

)%

Net loss attributable to controlling interests

 

(6,742

)

 

(13,119

)

 

 

(6,377

)

(365

)

5.7

%

Preferred stock distributions

 

(25

)

 

(50

)

 

(25

)

 

 

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

 

$

(6,767

)

$

 

$

(13,169

)

$

 

$

(6,402

)

$

(365

)

5.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss per share - basic and diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to common shares

 

$

(0.18

)

$

 

$

(0.34

)

$

 

$

(0.16

)

$

(0.02

)

12.5

%

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

39,318,318

 

 

39,250,612

 

 

39,182,153

 

136,165

 

0.3

%

 

20



Table of Contents

 

Revenue

 

Total revenue increased $3.0 million, or 39.5%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis. Total revenue increased $10.6 million and $18.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. These increases are due primarily to the increase in the number of properties leased in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior periods. Our Predecessor did not have substantial operations through June 30, 2012 as it had only begun purchasing properties in February 2012.  We owned 3,610 leased properties as of June 30, 2013 as compared to 2,413 and 78 leased properties as of March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2012, respectively.

 

Expenses

 

Property Operating and Maintenance Expenses.  Property operating and maintenance expenses increased $738,000, or 40.9%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis and increased $2.4 million and $4.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods.  Included in property operating and maintenance expenses are  property insurance, bad debt, utilities and lawn maintenance on market ready properties not leased as well as repairs and maintenance on leased properties.  The increase in this expense on a sequential quarter basis is primarily attributable to increased repairs and maintenance due to a higher base of leased properties and damages at certain properties.  Increases in these expenses from prior year periods are attributable to the significant increase in the number of properties owned in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior year periods.

 

Real Estate Taxes and Homeowners’ Association Fees.  Real estate taxes and homeowners’ association fees are expensed once a property is market ready.  Real estate taxes increased $292,000, or 20.6%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis and increased $1.6 million and $3.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. The increases in real estate taxes are attributable to the increase in the number of properties owned in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior periods.  Homeowners’ association fees were flat in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis as a result of acquiring fewer properties in homeowners’ associations and increased $273,000 and $554,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. The increases in homeowners’ association fees are primarily attributable to the increase in the number of properties owned in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior periods.

 

Property Management.  We utilize a hybrid approach for property management, using our Manager’s operating subsidiary’s internal teams in Phoenix, Atlanta and Southeast, FL (representing approximately half of our properties owned) and using third parties in our other markets.

 

Expenses incurred for property management increased $636,000, or 26.2%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis and increased $3.1 million and $5.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. The sequential quarter increase in property management was primarily due to a higher base of properties and the associated increased compensation for leasing agents to market and lease properties and increased third-party fees along with software implementation costs related to our new property management system.  The increases in property management in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 compared to a year ago period is primarily due to increased property count and a change in the payment arrangement for property management services with our Manager’s operating subsidiary, which differs from our Predecessor’s prior arrangement of only paying property management fees based upon a percentage of rental income collected in the prior periods.  Of the $3.1 million and $5.5 million in property management expenses incurred in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, approximately $2.6 million and $4.5 million was attributable to amounts owing to our Manager’s operating subsidiary for reimbursement of the costs of providing property management services in the markets it manages internally in addition to providing asset management and regional market oversight functions over both internal and third-party managed markets and the 5% property management fee described below. The proportion of property management fees incurred in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 related to our Manager’s internal property management teams as a proportion of revenue for the period are not representative of a steady-state portfolio because our Manager’s existing oversight and internal property management infrastructure has capacity to support more leased and stabilized properties. We expect our leverage of this internal property management cost structure to improve as we reach steady-state operations.

 

Rather than compensating our Manager’s operating subsidiary with commissions or fees based on rental income, we reimburse all costs and expenses of our Manager’s operating subsidiary incurred on our behalf, including the compensation of its property management, project management and acquisition staff, related overhead and payments to third-party property managers.  In addition to these costs, we pay a property management fee to our Manager’s operating subsidiary equal to 5% of certain compensation and overhead costs incurred as a result of providing services to us, which reduces the amount of the advisory management fee paid to our Manager by the same amount. As a result of the pass-through arrangement under the property management and acquisition services agreement, the costs related to the property management, project management and acquisition services provided in the

 

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markets where our Manager’s operating subsidiary uses an internal team are largely tied to the compensation and related overhead of our Manager’s operating subsidiary’s property management and acquisitions staff as opposed to a fee based upon rented properties. In addition to the $2.6 million and $4.5 million incurred for our Manager’s property management services in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, we incurred charges with the Manager’s operating subsidiary of $1.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively, in acquisition and project management fees related to renovation which were capitalized as part of property acquisition and renovation costs and $68,000 and $100,000 for leasing services, respectively, which are reflected as other assets and are being amortized over the life of the leases (typically one year).

 

The remaining amounts in property management fees of approximately $513,000 and $891,000 for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, were incurred to reimburse our Manager’s operating subsidiary for expenses payable to third-party property managers or as payments due directly to third-party property managers. This sequential quarter increase in third-party property management fees is attributable to the increase in rental income during the three months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to the prior quarter.  Property management and acquisition fees in markets where our Manager’s operating subsidiary uses third parties to perform services are based on our Manager’s operating subsidiary’s contractual arrangements with these third parties, which generally have one-year terms with month-to-month renewals.  Certain third parties providing acquisition services are paid a commission based upon properties acquired on our behalf.  Third-party property management arrangements include fees based on a percentage of rental income and other fees collected from our residents and, in some cases, fees for renovation oversight and leasing activities. In connection with our credit facility, these agreements with third-party property managers were assigned to us meaning we will incur these expenses directly to the third parties as opposed to paying such amounts to our Manager’s operating subsidiary as reimbursement. Our Manager’s operating subsidiary remains obligated to oversee and manage the performance of these third-party property managers.

 

Depreciation and Amortization.  Depreciation  increased $1.4 million, or 53.0%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis and increased $4.1 million and $6.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. Depreciation on acquired properties commences once property renovation is complete and the property is ready to be leased.   The increases in depreciation are attributable to the increased number of properties being depreciated in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior periods. Amortization of in-place leases increased $121,000, or 16.6%  in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis and increased $851,000 and $1.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods. Prior periods did not have amortization related to in-place leases or deferred lease fees due to the short operating history. The increases in amortization are primarily attributable to an increase in the number of properties acquired with in-place leases in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to prior periods, primarily related to in-place leases on properties acquired from the Provident Entities.  We expect depreciation expense will increase in future periods as we continue to acquire additional properties and put them into market ready status and depreciate.

 

Advisory Management Fee.  We rely on our Manager to provide or obtain on our behalf the personnel and services necessary for us to conduct our business because we have no employees of our own.  Our Manager performs these services for us, and together with our Manager’s operating subsidiary, provides us with a suite of investment, acquisition and property management services, utilizing the combined expertise of Pine River and Provident. We pay our Manager a quarterly advisory management fee equal to 0.375% (a 1.5% annual rate) of our average fully diluted market capitalization during the preceding quarter less any property management fee paid to our Manager’s operating subsidiary.

 

As part of the Formation Transactions, we are required to make payments of cash to both Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities as additional purchase price consideration.  The total amount to be paid to Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities is equal to 50% of the advisory management fee payable to the Manager during the first year after our initial public offering (before adjustment for the 5% property management fees received by our Manager’s operating subsidiary), subject to an aggregate amount payable to Two Harbors of no more than $4.0 million. The cash payments are required to be made quarterly in conjunction with the payment of the advisory management fee and reduce the amounts payable to our Manager by the same amount, thus the payments do not have a net impact on our obligations.  The amounts to be individually paid to Two Harbors and prior members of the Provident Entities is based upon the relative values they each provided as part of the Formation Transactions, which were approximately 73.6% and 26.4% respectively.  Advisory management fees, net of the 5% property management fee described above, decreased $274,000, or 9.6%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis as a result of a decline in our average fully diluted market capitalization due to the decline in our stock price in the second quarter of 2013.   Advisory management fees were $2.6 million and $5.4 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2013, we expensed $2.6 million in advisory management fees, net of the 5% property management fee described below.  The Company expensed $364,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, in advisory management fees to prior members of the Provident Entities and Two Harbors, as additional consideration, and the Company expensed $1.2 million in advisory management fees to our Manager.  During the six months ended June 30, 2013, we expensed $5.4 million in advisory management fees, net of the 5% property management fee described below.  The Company expensed $759,000 and $2.1 million, respectively, in advisory management fees to prior members of the Provident Entities and Two Harbors, as additional consideration, and the Company expensed $2.5 million in advisory management fees to our Manager.

 

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Prior to the Formation Transactions, advisory management fees incurred by our Predecessor in the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 were allocated from Two Harbors to our Predecessor based on 1.5% of contributed capital on an annualized basis and are not generally comparable to the advisory management fees incurred by us in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.   Advisory management fees paid by our Predecessor were $194,000 for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.

 

General and Administrative Expense.   General and administrative costs include those costs related to being a public company and costs incurred under the management agreement with our Manager. Under the management agreement, we pay all costs and expenses of our Manager incurred in the operation of its business, including all costs and expenses of running the company, all compensation costs (other than for our Chief Executive Officer and personnel providing data analytics directly supporting the investment function), and all costs under the shared services and facilities agreement between our Manager and Pine River. General and administrative expense increased $421,000, or 27.6%, in the second quarter of 2013 on a sequential quarter basis as a result of increased stock compensation expenses related to certain grants to our directors, increased public company costs for professional services and our annual stockholder meeting as well as an increase in allocated compensation cost, offset partially by a decline in legal fees.  General and administrative expense increased $1.8 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, over the prior year periods as a result of increased reimbursement obligations to our Manager for compensation and other expenses in addition to increased public company expenses and professional fees.  Prior to the Formation Transaction, Two Harbors allocated certain direct general and administrative expenses (primarily professional fees and travel costs) to the Company.

 

Income Taxes.  We intend to operate in a manner that will allow us to qualify for taxation as a REIT.  As a result of our expected REIT qualification, we do not generally expect to pay U.S. federal corporate level taxes. Many of the REIT requirements, however, are highly technical and complex.  If we were to fail to meet the REIT requirements, we would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income taxes.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or GAAP requires us to make certain judgments and assumptions, based on information available at the time of our preparation of the financial statements, in determining accounting estimates used in preparation of the statements. Our significant accounting policies are described below:

 

Use of Estimates

 

Accounting estimates are considered critical if the estimate requires us to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made and if different estimates reasonably could have been used in the reporting period or changes in the accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period that would have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Real Estate Acquisition Valuation

 

Property acquired not subject to an existing lease is recorded at its purchase price, including acquisition costs, allocated between land and building based upon their fair values at the date of acquisition. Property acquired with an existing lease is recorded at fair value (which usually approximates the purchase price), allocated to land, building and the existing lease based upon their fair values at the date of acquisition, with acquisition costs expensed as incurred. Fair value is determined under the guidance of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, primarily based on unobservable market data inputs, which are categorized as Level 3 valuations. In making our estimates of fair value for purposes of allocating purchase price, we utilize our own market knowledge and published market data. We are currently utilizing information obtained from county tax assessment records to develop regional averages to allocate the fair value to land and building. The estimated fair value of acquired in-place leases are the costs we would have incurred to lease the property at the date of acquisition, based upon our current leasing activity.

 

Impairment of Real Estate

 

We evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an impairment indicator exists, we will compare the expected future undiscounted cash flows against the net carrying amount of a property. Significant indicators of impairment may include declines in homes values, rental rate and occupancy and significant changes in the economy. We plan to make our assessment at the individual property level because it represents the lowest level of cash flows. We will prepare our future undiscounted cash flow analysis using estimates based on current rental rates, renewals and occupancy and using inputs from our annual long-range planning process and historical performance. When preparing these estimates, we will consider each property’s historical results, current operating trends,

 

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current market conditions, anticipated future capital expenditures and remaining useful life. These estimates may be impacted by variable factors including inflation, expected rental rates, the general health of the economy and market competition. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than the net carrying amount of the property, we will record an impairment loss for the difference between the estimated fair value of the individual property and the carrying amount of the property at that date. To determine the estimated fair value, we will consider both recent comparable homes sales and the use of discounted projected future cash flows. The rates used to discount projected future cash flows will reflect a weighted average cost of capital that a market participant would incur.

 

For long-lived assets to be disposed of, an impairment loss is recognized when the estimated fair value of the asset, less the estimated cost to sell, is less than the carrying amount of the asset at the time we have determined to sell the asset.  Long-lived assets held for sale and their related liabilities are separately reported, with the long-lived assets reported at the lower of their carrying amount or their estimated fair value, less their costs to sell and any operations associated with the properties is reflected as discontinued operations.  Assets held for sale are not depreciated nor are they included in our operating metrics at period end.

 

Depreciation of Investment in Real Estate

 

Building depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is generally 27.5 years, with no salvage value. The value of acquired in-place leases is amortized over the average remaining term of the respective in-place acquired lease, which is generally short term in nature (typically one year).

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We lease our single-family residences under operating leases. The lease periods will generally be short-term in nature (typically one year) and reflect market rental rates.  Generally, credit investigations are performed for prospective residents and security deposits are obtained. Rental income, net of concessions, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

 

Capitalized Costs

 

We capitalize certain costs incurred in connection with successful property acquisitions and associated stabilization activities, including tangible property improvements and replacements of existing property components. Included in these capitalized costs are certain personnel costs associated with time spent by certain personnel in connection with the planning, execution and oversight of all capital additions activities at the property level as well as third-party acquisition agreement fees. Indirect costs are allocations of certain department costs, including personnel costs that directly relate to capital additions activities. We also capitalize property taxes and homeowners’ association dues during periods in which property stabilization is in progress up until the time a property is ready for its intended use. We capitalize certain costs through the renovation period and up until the time a property is ready for its intended use which is when it is ready to be placed on the market for lease and after such time such costs are expensed.   We charge to expense as incurred costs that do not relate to capital additions activities, including ordinary repairs, maintenance, resident turnover costs and general and administrative expenses.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, we meet the definition of an “emerging growth company.” We have irrevocably elected to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. As a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, fund and maintain our assets and operations, make interest payments and distributions to our stockholders and other general business needs. Our liquidity, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive and other factors that are beyond our control. Our near-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of purchasing our target assets, renovating properties, funding our operations, making interest payments and distributions to our stockholders.

 

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Our liquidity and capital resources as of June 30, 2013 consisted of cash and cash equivalents of $39.6 million, escrow deposits of $18.4 million, and $121.2 million available under our revolving credit facility.  Escrow deposits primarily include refundable and non refundable cash and earnest money on deposit with the Operating Partnership and certain third-party property managers for property purchases and renovation costs, certain municipalities for property purchases, and earnest money deposits.   Escrow deposits also include cash held in reserve at financial institutions, as required by the revolving credit facility. The Company had $5.8 million in reserved cash relating to the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2013. As of June 30, 2013, for properties acquired through individual broker transactions that involve submitting a purchase offer, we had offers accepted to purchase residential properties for an aggregate amount of $14.0 million, however not all of these properties are certain to be acquired because certain properties may fall out of escrow through the closing process for various reasons.

 

We believe the cash flows from operations together with current cash and cash equivalents and funds available under our credit facility will be sufficient to fund the anticipated needs of our operations and fund any existing contractual obligations to purchase properties and renovate our portfolio of properties in 2013.  We may also opportunistically utilize the capital markets to raise additional capital and may incur additional debt in the future.

 

Revolving Credit Facility

 

Our subsidiaries currently have a $200.0 million revolving credit facility with Bank of America, National Association and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association. The credit facility matures in May 2016 and bears interest at a varying rate of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 3.50% subject to a LIBOR floor of 0.5%. At June 30, 2013, there was $78.8 million outstanding under the facility and $121.2 million available for borrowing.  We are able to draw up to 55% of the aggregate value of the eligible properties in the borrowing subsidiaries’ portfolios based on the lesser of (a) the value of the properties or (b) the original purchase price plus certain renovation and other capitalized costs of the properties.  Proceeds from the credit facility may be used for the acquisition, financing and renovation of properties, and other general purposes.

 

All amounts outstanding under the credit facility are collateralized by the equity interests of certain of our subsidiaries, or pledged subsidiaries. The amounts outstanding under the credit facility and certain obligations contained therein are guaranteed by Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. and the Operating Partnership only in the case of certain bad acts (including bankruptcy) and up to $20.0 million for completion of certain property renovations, as outlined in the credit documents. The pledged subsidiaries are required to pay certain commitment fees in connection with the credit facility based upon the unused portion of the facility, certain fees assessed in connection with establishing the facility and other fees specified in the credit facility documents.

 

The credit facility does not contractually restrict our ability to pay dividends but certain covenants contained therein may limit the amount of cash available for distribution. The credit facility documents require us to meet certain quarterly financial tests pertaining to total liquidity and net worth and contain customary events of default for a facility of this type, including payment defaults, covenant defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency, judgments, change of control and cross-default with certain other indebtedness.  We must maintain total liquidity of $25.0 million and a net worth of at least $125.0 million, excluding the assets of the borrowers, at all times.

 

On July 3, 2013, in connection with our credit facility, we entered into an interest rate cap agreement with an aggregate notional amount of $125 million and a LIBOR cap of 3.00% at a purchase price of $372,000 to manage interest rate risk associated with our credit facility.

 

Operating Activities

 

Net cash used by operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2013 was $1.2 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $450,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2012.  Our operating cash flows during 2013 were impacted by our net loss and reserves under the credit facility, offset partially by the depreciation and amortization and stock compensation add backs and an increase in related party payables.  The 2012 operating cash flows were impacted by our Predecessor’s net loss and depreciation and amortization add back, yet on a smaller scale due to the startup of operations of our Predecessor in February 2012.

 

Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2013 was $296.5 million and was primarily the result of us executing our acquisition and renovation strategies on newly acquired properties. We used $251.8 million for property acquisitions and another $51.6 million on capital improvements, of which $51.0 million was attributable to our initial renovation of properties, which includes properties purchased in a bulk purchase that have been renovated for the first time, and $574,000 that was attributable to capital improvements made to properties that had been previously renovated. The average purchase price for properties was approximately $113,000 for all properties placed in service since our Predecessor commenced operations through June 30, 2013 and $123,000 for properties placed in service in the quarter ended June 30, 2013. The average renovation cost per property was

 

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approximately $21,000 or 18.6% of the purchase price for all properties placed in service since our Predecessor commenced operations through June 30, 2013, including properties acquired with an in place lease but excluding properties acquired from the prior members of the Provident Entities. These renovation costs include capitalized expenditures for renovations, property taxes, homeowners’ association dues, costs required to gain possession of the property and other capitalized expenditures until the property is ready for its intended use.

 

Net cash used in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2012 was $76.6 million and was primarily the result of our Predecessor acquiring properties for its portfolio of $69.9 million.

 

The acquisition of properties involves the outlay of capital beyond payment of the purchase price, including payments for property inspections, closing costs, title insurance, transfer taxes, recording fees, broker commissions, and property taxes or homeowners’ association dues in arrears. Typically, these costs are capitalized as components of the purchase price. We also make significant capital expenditures to renovate and maintain our properties to Silver Bay standards. Our ultimate success depends in part on our ability to make prudent, cost-effective decisions measured over the long term with respect to these expenditures.

 

As part of the Formation Transactions, we are required to make cash payments to both Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities as additional purchase price consideration in the Formation Transactions.  The total amount to be paid to Two Harbors and the prior members of the Provident Entities is equal to 50% of the advisory management fee payable to the Manager during the first year after the initial public offering, subject to an aggregate cap amount payable to Two Harbors of $4.0 million. As a result, as of June 30, 2013, we have an estimated remaining liability of $3.9 million as part of our Formation Transactions, including the Two Harbors component recorded at the remaining aggregate cap amount.  The Two Harbors deferred charge portion has been reflected as part of other assets and the Provident Entities portion is recorded as additional basis to the residential properties we acquired. The additional cash payments are required to be made quarterly in conjunction with the payment of the advisory management fee during 2013.

 

Financing Activities

 

Net cash provided by financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2013 was $109.2 million and was primarily attributable to proceeds from our credit facility and to a lesser extent the net proceeds from the exercise of the underwriters’ overallotment option in our initial public offering reduced by deferred financing fees of $3.6 million and $450,000 of dividends paid.  We used these net proceeds from our credit facility and the underwriters’ overallotment to invest in residential properties and for other general corporate purposes.  This compared to cash provided by financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2012 of $101.0 million that was the result of a capital contribution from our Predecessor’s parent.

 

The common units received by the prior members of the Provident Entities in connection with the Formation Transactions have the right to redeem all (but not less than all) of their common units for cash equal to the then-current value of an equal number of shares of our common stock, or, at the General Partner’s election on behalf of the Operating Partnership, to exchange their common units for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to certain adjustments and restrictions of ownership and transfer of our stock set forth in our charter. To the extent that we redeem the common units for cash, our liquidity will be decreased.

 

We have an obligation to pay dividends on our outstanding 10% cumulative redeemable preferred stock with a $1.0 million aggregate liquidation preference in preference to dividends paid on our common stock.

 

We have elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, under U.S. federal income tax law we will be required to distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and to pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we annually distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income. Subject to the requirements of the Maryland General Corporation Law, we intend to pay quarterly dividends to our stockholders, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors, which in the aggregate approximately equal our REIT taxable income in the relevant year.  As of June 30, 2013, we declared $392,000 in common stock dividends and $275 in distributions on the common units, each of which were paid on July 12, 2013.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not participated in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements.

 

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Aggregate Contractual Obligations

 

The following table summarizes certain contractual obligations for the periods noted:

 

(in thousands)

 

2013

 

Thereafter

 

Total

 

Purchase Obligations(1)

 

$

14,000

 

 

$

14,000

 

Debt Obligations(2)

 

 

78,800

 

78,800

 

Total

 

$

14,000

 

$

78,800

 

$

92,800

 

 


(1)                                 Reflects offers accepted but not closed, as of June 30, 2013, on purchase contracts for properties acquired through broker and bulk transactions that involve submitting a purchase offer. Not all of these properties are certain to be acquired as properties may fall out of escrow through the closing process for various reasons.

(2)                                 Reflects amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility.

 

Funds From Operations

 

Funds From Operations, or FFO, is a non-GAAP (in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States) financial measure that we believe, when considered with the financial statements determined in accordance with GAAP, is helpful to investors in understanding our performance because it captures features particular to real estate performance by recognizing that real estate generally appreciates over time or maintains residual value to a much greater extent than do other depreciable assets.  The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income (loss), computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains from sales of, and impairment losses recognized with respect to, depreciable property, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures are calculated on the same basis to determine FFO. We calculate FFO attributable to common stockholders (diluted) by subtracting, if dilutive, redemption or repurchase related preferred stock issuance costs and dividends on preferred stock and adding back dividends/distributions on dilutive preferred securities and premiums or discounts on preferred stock redemptions or repurchases.

 

FFO should not be considered an alternative to net income (loss) or net cash flows from operating activities, as determined in accordance with GAAP, as indications of our performance or as measures of liquidity. This non-GAAP measure is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund future cash needs. In addition, although we use this non-GAAP measure for comparability in assessing our performance against other REITs, not all REITs compute the same non-GAAP measure.

 

Accordingly, there can be no assurance that our basis for computing this non-GAAP measure is comparable with that of other REITs. This is due in part to the differences in capitalization policies used by different companies and the significant effect these capitalization policies have on FFO.  Real estate costs incurred in connection with real estate operations which are accounted for as capital improvements are added to the carrying value of the property and depreciated over time whereas real estate costs that are expenses are accounted for as a current period expense.  This affects FFO because costs that are accounted for as expenses reduce FFO.  Conversely, real estate costs associated with assets that are capitalized and then subsequently depreciated are added back to net income to calculate FFO.

 

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the Company’s net loss as determined in accordance with GAAP and its calculation of FFO for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30, 2013

 

June 30, 2013

 

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

 

$

(6,767

)

$

(13,169

)

Noncontrolling interests - Operating Partnership

 

(4

)

(9

)

Preferred distributions

 

25

 

50

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

4,961

 

8,378

 

Other

 

(49

)

283

 

Funds from Operations

 

$

(1,834

)

$

(4,467

)

 

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Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Our future revenue, cash flows and fair values relevant to certain financial instruments are dependent upon prevailing market interest rates. Market risk refers to the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. The outstanding debt under our revolving credit facility has a variable interest rate.  We are therefore most vulnerable to changes in short-term LIBOR interest rates. On July 3, 2013, we entered into an interest rate cap agreement with an aggregate notional amount of $125.0 million with a LIBOR cap of 3.00%, to manage our exposure to interest rate risks related to our floating rate debt. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and only enter into contracts with major financial institutions based on their credit rating and other factors. As of June 30, 2013, our total outstanding debt was approximately $78.8 million, all of which was variable rate debt borrowed under our credit facility.

 

Item 4.   Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of June 30, 2013. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. We continue to review and document our disclosure controls and procedures, including our internal controls over financial reporting, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that our systems evolve with our business.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended June 30, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

PART II

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we are party to claims and routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of our business, including disputes regarding title to or possession of individual properties in our portfolios. We do not believe that the results of any such claims or litigation individually, or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations.

 

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

 

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013.

 

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

 

None.

 

Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

 

The offer and sale of all of the shares in our initial public offering were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-183838), which was declared effective by the SEC on December 13, 2012. All proceeds from the initial public offering have been used as follows (1) approximately $5.3 million was used to make cash payments to certain of the Prior Provident Investors in connection with the Formation Transactions, (2) approximately $4.2 million was used to pay for expenses associated with the offering and (3) the remainder was used to purchase single-family properties, to renovate such properties for rental and for working capital purposes. There have been no material differences between the actual use of proceeds and intended use of proceeds as originally described in the initial public offering.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

None.

 

Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5.  Other Information

 

In the second quarter of 2013, we borrowed an aggregate amount of $78.8 million under our revolving credit facility described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Item 6.  Exhibits

 

(a)                                 The attached Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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Table of Contents

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

SILVER BAY REALTY TRUST CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date: August 8, 2013

By:

/s/ David N. Miller

 

 

David N. Miller

 

 

President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date: August 8, 2013

By:

/s/ Christine Battist

 

 

Christine Battist

 

 

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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Table of Contents

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

 

 

 

Incorporated by Reference

Number

 

Description

 

Form

 

File No.

 

Exhibit

 

Filing Date

2.1

 

Contribution Agreement by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., and Two Harbors Operating Company LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.1

 

December 12, 2012

2.2

 

Contribution Agreement by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and the members of Polar Cactus LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.2

 

December 12, 2012

2.3

 

Contribution Agreement by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and the members of Polar Cactus II LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.3

 

December 12, 2012

2.4

 

Contribution Agreement by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and the members of Cool Willow LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.4

 

December 12, 2012

2.5

 

Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., SB RESI I Merger Sub LLC and Provident Residential Real Estate Fund LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.5

 

December 12, 2012

2.6

 

Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., SB RESI II Merger Sub LLC and Resi II LLC.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.6

 

December 12, 2012

2.7

 

Representation, Warranty and Indemnification Agreement by and among Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and Provident Real Estate Advisors LLC, dated December 4, 2012.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

2.7

 

December 12, 2012

3.1

 

Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

 

10-K

 

001-35760

 

3.1

 

March 1, 2013

3.2

 

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

3.5

 

October 17, 2012

3.3

 

Articles Supplementary for Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of Silver Bay Trust Corp.

 

10-K

 

001-35760

 

3.3

 

March 1, 2013

4.1

 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

3.5

 

November 23, 2012

4.2

 

Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Articles VI and VII of our Articles of Amendment and Restatement.

 

10-K

 

001-35760

 

4.2

 

March 1, 2013

4.3

 

Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Article VII of our Amended and Restated Bylaws.

 

S-11/A

 

333-183838

 

3.5

 

October 17, 2012

4.4

 

Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Article Second of our Articles Supplementary.

 

10-K

 

001-35760

 

4.4

 

March 1, 2013

10.1

 

Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of May 10, 2013 among the property owners party thereto from time to time, each as borrower, Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P., as master property manager, SB Financing Trust Owner LLC, as borrower representative, U.S. Bank National Association, as calculation agent and paying agent, Bank of America, National Association, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as joint lead arrangers, agent and

 

10-Q

 

001-35760

 

10.1

 

May 14, 2013

 

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Table of Contents

 

Exhibit

 

 

 

Incorporated by Reference

Number

 

Description

 

Form

 

File No.

 

Exhibit

 

Filing Date

 

 

lenders, and the lenders from time to time party thereto

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.2

 

Amendment No. 1 dated as of May 17, 2013 to the Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of May 10, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.3

 

Joinder Agreement dated as of June 28, 2013 adding new borrowers to the Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of May 10, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.4

 

Property Management Agreement between Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and Silver Bay Property Corp. dated May 10, 2013

 

10-Q

 

001-35760

 

10.2

 

May 14, 2013

10.5

 

Property Management Agreement between Silver Bay Operating Partnership L.P. and Silver Bay Property Corp. dated May 10, 2013

 

10-Q

 

001-35760

 

10.3

 

May 14, 2013

10.6

 

Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp. Amended and Restated Director Compensation Policy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

101.INS†

 

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH†

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL†

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF†

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB†

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE†

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

 


*                                         Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan

 

                                         Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections

 

32