e10vk

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-K


þ		Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, or


o		Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number
000-53354

CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware (State of Incorporation)		26-0241222 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 East Basse Road
San Antonio, Texas 78209
Telephone (210) 822-2828
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class		Name of each exchange on which registered
n/a		n/a

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of class
Class A common stock, $.001 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES o NO þ

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. YES o NO þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES þ NO o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer o

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer þ
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). YES o NO þ

As of June 30, 2008, the Company’s common stock was not publicly traded.

On February 26, 2009, there were 23,602,149 outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, excluding 81 shares held in treasury, 555,556 outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and 58,967,502 outstanding shares of Class C Common Stock.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of our Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting, expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end, are incorporated by reference into Part III.

PART I

ITEM 1. Business

The Company

We were incorporated in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (the “Sponsors”) for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Clear Channel”). The acquisition was completed on July 30, 2008 pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008 (the “Merger Agreement”). As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain of our principals that were rolled over and exchanged for our Class A common stock, were either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration, without interest, or (ii) one share of our Class A common stock. Prior to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than those related to the acquisition.

Subsequent to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we became a diversified media company with three reportable business segments: Radio Broadcasting, Americas Outdoor Advertising (consisting primarily of operations in the United States, Canada and Latin America) and International Outdoor Advertising.

The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. In this regard, we performed an interim impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 and recorded a non-cash impairment of approximately $5.3 billion.

On January 20, 2009 we announced that we commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The restructuring program will also include other actions, including elimination of overlapping functions and other cost savings initiatives. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all. In addition, we may modify or terminate the restructuring program in response to economic conditions or otherwise.

As of December 31, 2008 we had recognized approximately $95.9 million of expenses related to our restructuring program. These expenses primarily related to severance of approximately $83.3 million and $12.6 million related to professional fees.

In November 2006, Clear Channel announced plans to sell all of its television stations and certain non-core radio stations. On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC. Clear Channel also completed the planned divestiture of certain of its non-core radio stations in 2008. The total number of non-core radio stations divested under the plan was 262, with 102 of those stations divested in 2008.

On November 11, 2005, Clear Channel completed the initial public offering, or IPO, of approximately 10% of the common stock of Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc., or CCO, comprised of the Americas and International outdoor segments. On December 21, 2005 Clear Channel completed the spin-off of its former live entertainment segment, which now operates under the name Live Nation.

You can find more information about us at our Internet website located at www.ccmediaholdings.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports are available free of charge through our Internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with the SEC. The contents of our website are not deemed to be part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any of our other filings with the SEC.

Our principal executive offices are located at 200 East Basse Road, San Antonio, Texas 78209 (telephone: 210-822-2828).

Our Business Segments

We have three reportable business segments: Radio Broadcasting, or Radio; Americas Outdoor Advertising, or Americas; and International Outdoor Advertising, or International. Approximately half of our revenue is generated from

our Radio Broadcasting segment. The remaining half is comprised of our Americas Outdoor Advertising business segment, our International Outdoor Advertising business segment, Katz Media, a full-service media representation firm, and other support services and initiatives. In addition to the information provided below, you can find more information about our segments in our consolidated financial statements located in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

We believe we offer advertisers a diverse platform of media assets across geographies, radio programming formats and outdoor products. We intend to continue to execute upon our long-standing radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising strategies, while closely managing expense growth and focusing on achieving operating efficiencies throughout our businesses. Within each of our operating segments, we share best practices across our markets in an attempt to replicate our successes throughout the markets in which we operate.

Radio Broadcasting

As of December 31, 2008, we owned 894 domestic radio stations, with 272 stations operating in the 50 largest markets. For the year ended December 31, 2008, Radio Broadcasting represented 49% of our combined net revenue. Our portfolio of stations offers a broad assortment of programming formats, including adult contemporary, country, contemporary hit radio, rock, urban and oldies, among others, to a total weekly listening base of more than 90 million individuals based on Arbitron National Regional Database figures for the Spring 2008 ratings period. Our radio broadcasting business includes radio stations for which we are the licensee and for which we program and/or sell air time under local marketing agreements (“LMAs”) or joint sales agreements (“JSAs”).

In addition to our radio broadcasting business, we operate our Premiere Radio Network, a national radio network that produces, distributes or represents approximately 90 syndicated radio programs and services for approximately 5,000 radio station affiliates. Some of our more popular syndicated radio personalities include Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, Steve Harvey, Ryan Seacrest and Jeff Foxworthy. We also own various sports, news and agriculture networks.

Strategy

Our radio broadcasting strategy centers on providing programming and services to the local communities in which we operate and being a contributing member of those communities. We believe that by serving the needs of local communities, we will be able to grow listenership and deliver target audiences to advertisers.

Our radio broadcasting strategy also entails improving the ongoing operations of our stations through effective programming, promotion, marketing and sales and careful management of costs. In late 2004, we implemented price and yield optimization systems and invested in new information systems, which provide station level inventory yield and pricing information previously unavailable. We shifted our sales force compensation plan from a straight “volume-based” commission percentage system to a “value-based” system to reward success in optimizing price and inventory.

We will continue to focus on enhancing the radio listener experience by offering a wide variety of compelling content. We believe our investments in radio programming over time have created a collection of leading on-air talent. The distribution platform provided by our Premiere Radio Network allows us to attract talent and more effectively utilize quality content across many stations.

We are also continually expanding content choices for our listeners, including utilization of HD radio, Internet and other distribution channels with complementary formats. HD radio enables crystal clear reception, interactive features, data services and new applications. Further, HD radio allows for many more stations, providing greater variety of content which we believe will enable advertisers to target consumers more effectively. The interactive capabilities of HD radio will potentially permit us to participate in commercial download services. In addition, we provide streaming audio via the Internet, and accordingly, have increased listener reach and developed new listener applications as well as new advertising capabilities. Our websites hosted approximately 11.7 million unique visitors in December 2008 as measured by CommScore / Media Metrix, making the collection of these websites one of the top five trafficked music websites. Finally, we have pioneered mobile applications which allow subscribers to use their cell phones to interact directly with the station, including finding titles/artists, requesting songs and downloading station wallpapers.

Sources of Revenue

Our Radio Broadcasting segment generated 49%, 50% and 53% of our combined revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The primary source of revenue in our Radio Broadcasting segment is the sale of commercial spots on our radio stations for local, regional and national advertising. Our local advertisers cover a wide range of categories, including consumer services, retailers, entertainment, health and beauty products, telecommunications, automotive and media. Our contracts with our advertisers generally provide for a term which extends for less than a one year period.

We also generate additional revenues from network compensation, the Internet, air traffic, events, barter and other miscellaneous transactions. These other sources of revenue supplement our traditional advertising revenue without increasing on-air-commercial time.

Each radio station’s local sales staff solicits advertising directly from local advertisers or indirectly through advertising agencies. Our strategy of producing commercials that respond to the specific needs of our advertisers helps to build local direct advertising relationships. Regional advertising sales are also generally realized by our local sales staff. To generate national advertising sales, we engage firms specializing in soliciting radio advertising sales on a national level. National sales representatives obtain advertising principally from advertising agencies located outside the station’s market and receive commissions based on advertising sold.

Advertising rates are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by independent ratings services. A station’s format can be important in determining the size and characteristics of its listening audience, and advertising rates are influenced by the station’s ability to attract and target audiences that advertisers aim to reach. The size of the market influences rates as well, with larger markets typically receiving higher rates than smaller markets. Rates are generally highest during morning and evening commuting periods.

We seek to maximize revenue by closely managing on-air inventory of advertising time and adjusting prices to local market conditions. We implemented price and yield optimization systems and invested in new information systems, which provide detailed inventory information. These systems enable our station managers and sales directors to adjust commercial inventory and pricing based on local market demand, as well as to manage and monitor different commercial durations (60 second, 30 second, 15 second and five second) in order to provide more effective advertising for our customers at optimal prices.

Competition

We compete in our respective markets for audiences, advertising revenue and programming with other radio stations owned by companies such as CBS, Citadel, Entercom and Cumulus. We also compete with other advertising media, including satellite radio, broadcast and cable television, print media, outdoor advertising, direct mail, the Internet and other forms of advertisement.

Radio Stations

As of December 31, 2008, we owned 264 AM and 630 FM domestic radio stations, of which 148 stations were in the 25 largest U.S. markets. The following table sets forth certain selected information with regard to our radio broadcasting stations:


			Number
	Market		of
Market	Rank*		Stations
New York, NY		1		5
Los Angeles, CA		2		8
Chicago, IL		3		7
San Francisco, CA		4		7
Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX		5		6
Houston-Galveston, TX		6		8
Atlanta, GA		7		6
Philadelphia, PA		8		6
Washington, DC		9		5
Boston, MA		10		4
Detroit, MI		11		7
Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood, FL		12		7
Seattle-Tacoma, WA		13		6
Phoenix, AZ		15		8
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN		16		7
San Diego, CA		17		8
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL		18		8
Nassau-Suffolk (Long Island), NY		19		2
St. Louis, MO		20		6
Denver-Boulder, CO		21		8
Baltimore, MD		22		3
Portland, OR		23		5
Pittsburgh, PA		24		6
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC		25		5
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA		26		6
Sacramento, CA		27		5
Cincinnati, OH		28		8
Cleveland, OH		29		6
Salt Lake City-Ogden-Provo, UT		30		6
San Antonio, TX		31		6
Las Vegas, NV		33		3
Orlando, FL		34		7
San Jose, CA		35		3
Columbus, OH		36		7
Milwaukee-Racine, WI		37		6
Austin, TX		39		6
Indianapolis, IN		40		3
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI		41		4
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA		42		4
Raleigh-Durham, NC		43		4
Nashville, TN		44		5
Greensboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC		45		5
Jacksonville, FL		46		7
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL		47		6
Oklahoma City, OK		48		6
Memphis, TN		49		6
Hartford-New Britain-Middletown, CT		50		5


			Number
Market	Market Rank*		of Stations
Louisville, KY		53		8
Richmond, VA		54		6
New Orleans, LA		55		7
Rochester, NY		56		7
Birmingham, AL		57		5
McAllen-Brownsville-Harlingen, TX		58		5
Greenville-Spartanburg, SC		59		6
Tucson, AZ		60		7
Ft. Myers-Naples-Marco Island, FL		61		4
Dayton, OH		62		8
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY		63		7
Honolulu, HI		64		7
Tulsa, OK		65		6
Fresno, CA		66		8
Grand Rapids, MI		67		7
Albuquerque, NM		68		7
Allentown-Bethlehem, PA		69		4
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA		72		5
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL		73		6
Bakersfield, CA		74		5
Akron, OH		75		4
El Paso, TX		76		5
Wilmington, DE		77		5
Baton Rouge, LA		78		5
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA		79		6
Stockton, CA		80		6
Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz, CA		82		5
Syracuse, NY		83		7
Charleston, SC		84		5
Little Rock, AR		85		5
Springfield, MA		88		5
Columbia, SC		89		6
Des Moines, IA		90		5
Toledo, OH		91		5
Spokane, WA		92		6
Colorado Springs, CO		94		3
Ft. Pierce-Stuart-Vero Beach, FL		95		6
Mobile, AL		96		4
Melbourne-Titusville-Cocoa, FL		97		4
Madison, WI		98		6
Wichita, KS		99		4
Various U.S. Cities		101-150		104
Various U.S. Cities		151-200		91
Various U.S. Cities		201-250		53
Various U.S. Cities		251+		67
Various U.S. Cities	unranked			75

Total ^{(a) (b)}				894

Per Arbitron Rankings as of November 2008.


(a)		Excluded from the 894 radio stations owned by us are 3 radio stations programmed pursuant to a local marketing agreement or shared services agreement (FCC licenses not owned by us) and one Mexican radio station that we provide programming to and sell airtime for under exclusive sales agency arrangements. Also excluded are radio stations in Australia, New Zealand and Mexico. We own a 50%, 50% and 20% equity interest in companies that have radio broadcasting operations in these markets, respectively. Effective January 30, 2009 we sold 57% of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones, the owner of the radio stations in Mexico.

(b)		Included in the total are stations that were placed in a trust in order to bring the merger into compliance with the FCC’s media ownership rules. We will have to divest these stations.

Radio Networks

In addition to radio stations, our Radio Broadcasting segment includes our Premiere Radio Network, a national radio network that produces, distributes or represents more than 90 syndicated radio programs and services for more than 5,000 radio station affiliates. Our broad distribution platform enables us to attract and retain top programming talent. Some of our more popular radio personalities include Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, Steve Harvey, Ryan Seacrest and Jeff Foxworthy. We believe recruiting and retaining top talent is an important component of the success of our radio networks.

We also own various sports, news and agriculture networks serving Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee and Virginia.

International Radio Investments

We own equity interests in various international radio broadcasting companies located in Australia (50% ownership), Mexico (20% ownership) and New Zealand (50% ownership), which we account for under the equity method of accounting. Effective January 30, 2009 we sold 57% of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones, the owner of the radio stations in Mexico.

Outdoor Advertising

Our Americas Outdoor Advertising segment includes our operations in the United States, Canada and Latin America, with approximately 92% of our 2008 revenue in this segment derived from the United States. We own or operate approximately 237,000 displays in our Americas segment and have operations in 49 of the 50 largest markets in the United States, including all of the 20 largest markets. Our International Outdoor Advertising business segment includes our operations in Asia, Australia and Europe, with approximately 40% of our 2008 revenue in this segment derived from France and the United Kingdom. We own or operate approximately 670,000 displays in 36 countries.

Our outdoor assets consist of billboards, street furniture and transit displays, airport displays, mall displays, and wallscapes and other spectaculars, which we own or operate under lease management agreements. Our outdoor advertising business is focused on urban markets with dense populations.

Strategy

We have made and continue to make investments in research tools that enable our clients to better understand how our displays can successfully reach their target audiences and promote their advertising campaigns. We are working closely with clients, advertising agencies and other diversified media companies to develop more sophisticated systems that will provide improved demographic measurements of outdoor advertising. We believe that these measurement systems will further enhance the attractiveness of outdoor advertising for both existing clients and new advertisers.

We intend to continue to work toward ensuring that our customers have a superior experience by leveraging our presence in each of our markets and by increasing our focus on customer satisfaction and improved measurement systems.

Finally, we aim to capitalize on advances in electronic displays, including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as an alternative to traditional methods of outdoor advertising. These electronic displays may be linked through centralized computer systems to instantaneously and simultaneously change static advertisements on a large number of displays. Digital outdoor advertising provides advantages to advertisers, including the flexibility to change messaging over the course of a day, the ability to quickly change messaging and the ability to enhance targeting by reaching different demographics at different times of day. Digital outdoor displays provide us with advantages, as they are operationally efficient and eliminate safety issues from manual copy changes.

Americas Outdoor Advertising

Sources of Revenue

Americas Outdoor Advertising generated 21%, 21% and 20% of our combined revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Americas Outdoor Advertising revenue is derived from the sale of advertising copy placed on our display inventory. Our display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays and transit displays. The margins on our billboard contracts tend to be higher than those on contracts for other displays, due to their greater size, impact and location along major roadways that are highly trafficked. Billboards comprise approximately two-thirds of our display revenues. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each category for our Americas Outdoor Advertising inventory:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2008			2007			2006
Billboards
Bulletins ⁽¹⁾		51	%		52	%		52	%
Posters		15	%		16	%		18	%
Street furniture displays		5	%		4	%		4	%
Transit displays		17	%		16	%		14	%
Other displays ⁽²⁾		12	%		12	%		12	%

Total		100	%		100	%		100	%


(1)		Includes digital displays.

(2)		Includes spectaculars, mall displays and wallscapes.

Our Americas Outdoor Advertising segment generates revenues from local, regional and national sales. Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered, expressed as a percentage of a market population, of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time. For all of our billboards in the United States, we use independent, third-party auditing companies to verify the number of impressions delivered by a display. “Reach’’ is the percent of a target audience exposed to an advertising message at least once during a specified period of time, typically during a period of four weeks. “Frequency” is the average number of exposures an individual has to an advertising message during a specified period of time. Out-of-home frequency is typically measured over a four-week period.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. In addition, we have long-standing relationships with a diversified group of advertising brands and agencies that allow us to diversify client accounts and establish continuing revenue streams.

Billboards

Our billboard inventory primarily includes bulletins and posters.

Bulletins. Bulletins vary in size, with the most common size being 14 feet high by 48 feet wide. Almost all of the advertising copy displayed on bulletins is computer printed on vinyl and transported to the bulletin where it is secured to the display surface. Because of their greater size and impact, we typically receive our highest rates for bulletins. Bulletins generally are located along major expressways, primary commuting routes and main intersections that are highly visible and heavily trafficked. Our clients may contract for individual bulletins or a network of bulletins, meaning the clients’ advertisements are rotated among bulletins to increase the reach of the campaign. Our client contracts for bulletins generally have terms ranging from one month to one year.

Posters. Posters are available in two sizes, 30-sheet and 8-sheet displays. The 30-sheet posters are approximately 11 feet high by 23 feet wide, and the 8-sheet posters are approximately 5 feet high by 11 feet wide. Advertising copy for posters is printed using silk-screen or lithographic processes to transfer the designs onto paper that is then transported and secured to the poster surfaces. Posters generally are located in commercial areas on primary and secondary routes near point-of-purchase locations, facilitating advertising campaigns with greater demographic targeting than those displayed on bulletins. Our poster rates typically are less than our bulletin rates, and our client contracts for posters generally have terms

ranging from four weeks to one year. Two types of posters are premiere panels and squares. Premiere displays are innovative hybrids between bulletins and posters that we developed to provide our clients with an alternative for their targeted marketing campaigns. The premiere displays utilize one or more poster panels, but with vinyl advertising stretched over the panels similar to bulletins. Our intent is to combine the creative impact of bulletins with the additional reach and frequency of posters.

Street Furniture Displays

Our street furniture displays, marketed under our global Adshel^TM brand, are advertising surfaces on bus shelters, information kiosks, public toilets, freestanding units and other public structures, and are primarily located in major metropolitan cities and along major commuting routes. Generally, we own the street furniture structures and are responsible for their construction and maintenance. Contracts for the right to place our street furniture displays in the public domain and sell advertising space on them are awarded by municipal and transit authorities in competitive bidding processes governed by local law. Generally, these contracts have terms ranging from 10 to 20 years. As compensation for the right to sell advertising space on our street furniture structures, we pay the municipality or transit authority a fee or revenue share that is either a fixed amount or a percentage of the revenue derived from the street furniture displays. Typically, these revenue sharing arrangements include payments by us of minimum guaranteed amounts. Client contracts for street furniture displays typically have terms ranging from four weeks to one year, and, similar to billboards, may be for network packages.

Transit Displays

Our transit displays are advertising surfaces on various types of vehicles or within transit systems, including on the interior and exterior sides of buses, trains, trams and taxis, and within the common areas of rail stations and airports. Similar to street furniture, contracts for the right to place our displays on such vehicles or within such transit systems and to sell advertising space on them generally are awarded by public transit authorities in competitive bidding processes or are negotiated with private transit operators. These contracts typically have terms of up to five years. Our client contracts for transit displays generally have terms ranging from four weeks to one year.

Other Inventory

The balance of our display inventory consists of spectaculars, mall displays and wallscapes. Spectaculars are customized display structures that often incorporate video, multidimensional lettering and figures, mechanical devices and moving parts and other embellishments to create special effects. The majority of our spectaculars are located in Times Square in New York City, Dundas Square in Toronto, Fashion Show in Las Vegas, Sunset Strip in Los Angeles, Westgate City Center in Glendale, Arizona, the Boardwalk in Atlantic City and across from the Target Center in Minneapolis. Client contracts for spectaculars typically have terms of one year or longer. We also own displays located within the common areas of malls on which our clients run advertising campaigns for periods ranging from four weeks to one year. Contracts with mall operators grant us the exclusive right to place our displays within the common areas and sell advertising on those displays. Our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years. Client contracts for mall displays typically have terms ranging from six to eight weeks. A wallscape is a display that drapes over or is suspended from the sides of buildings or other structures. Generally, wallscapes are located in high-profile areas where other types of outdoor advertising displays are limited or unavailable. Clients typically contract for individual wallscapes for extended terms.

Competition

The outdoor advertising industry in the Americas is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBS and Lamar Advertising Company, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited number of display faces in a single or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, the Internet and direct mail.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2008, we owned or operated approximately 237,000 displays in our Americas Outdoor Advertising segment. The following table sets forth certain selected information with regard to our Americas outdoor advertising inventory, with our markets listed in order of their designated market area (“DMA^®”) region ranking (DMA^® is a registered trademark of Nielsen Media Research, Inc.):

DMA^{^®}

Street

Region

Billboards

Furniture

Transit

Other

Total

Rank

Markets

Bulletins

Posters

Displays

Displays⁽¹⁾

Displays

United States

New York, NY

•

17,047

Los Angeles, CA

•

10,689

Chicago, IL

•

15,532

Philadelphia, PA

•

6,214

Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX

•

16,688

San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA

•

10,819

Boston, MA (Manchester, NH)

•

7,091

Atlanta, GA

•

2,950

Washington, DC (Hagerstown, MD)

•

3,914

Houston, TX

•

⁽²⁾

•

3,259

Detroit, MI

•

315

Phoenix, AZ

•

9,918

Tampa-St. Petersburg (Sarasota), FL

•

2,439

Seattle-Tacoma, WA

•

12,863

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN

•

1,978

Miami-Ft. Lauderdale, FL

•

6,411

Cleveland-Akron (Canton), OH

•

3,399

Denver, CO

•

976

Orlando-Daytona Beach-Melbourne, FL

•

4,228

Sacramento-Stockton-Modesto, CA

•

2,421

St. Louis, MO

•

284

Portland, OR

•

1,224

Pittsburgh, PA

•

104

Charlotte, NC

•

Indianapolis, IN

•

3,283

Baltimore, MD

•

2,572

Raleigh-Durham (Fayetteville), NC

•

1,994

San Diego, CA

•

809

Nashville, TN

•

648

Hartford-New Haven, CT

•

340

Kansas City, KS/MO

•

⁽²⁾

1,169

Columbus, OH

•

1,487

Salt Lake City, UT

•

Cincinnati, OH

•

Milwaukee, WI

•

5,883

Greenville-Spartanburg, SC- Asheville, NC-Anderson, SC

•

San Antonio, TX

•

⁽²⁾

•

7,481

West Palm Beach-Ft. Pierce, FL

•

808

Grand Rapids-Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI

•

300

DMA^{^®}

Street

Region

Billboards

Furniture

Transit

Other

Total

Rank

Markets

Bulletins

Posters

Displays

Displays⁽¹⁾

Displays

Harrisburg-Lancaster-Lebanon-York, PA

•

139

Las Vegas, NV

•

13,518

Norfolk-Portsmouth-Newport News, VA

•

457

Albuquerque-Santa Fe, NM

•

1,377

Oklahoma City, OK

•

Greensboro-High Point-Winston Salem, NC

•

1,051

Jacksonville, FL

•

987

Memphis, TN

•

2,239

Austin, TX

•

⁽²⁾

•

Louisville, KY

•

178

51-100

Various U.S. Cities

•

⁽²⁾

•

15,850

101-150

Various U.S. Cities

•

4,087

151+

Various U.S. Cities

•

2,186

Non-U.S. Markets

n/a

Australia

•

1,398

n/a

Brazil

•

7,237

n/a

Canada

•

4,392

n/a

Chile

•

1,124

n/a

Mexico

•

4,974

n/a

New Zealand

•

1,607

n/a

Peru

•

3,024

n/a

Other ⁽³⁾

•

3,768

Total Americas Displays

237,352


(1)		Includes wallscapes, spectaculars, mall and digital displays. Our inventory includes other small displays not in the table since their contribution to our revenue is not material.

(2)		We have access to additional displays through arrangements with local advertising and other companies.

(3)		Includes displays in Antigua, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guam, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia and Virgin Islands.

International Outdoor Advertising

Sources of Revenue

Our International Outdoor Advertising segment generated 27%, 25% and 23% of our combined revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. International outdoor advertising revenue is derived from the sale of advertising copy placed on our display inventory. Our international outdoor display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays, transit displays and other out-of-home advertising displays, such as neon displays. The following table shows the approximate percentage of revenue derived from each inventory category of our International Outdoor Advertising segment:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2008			2007			2006
Billboards ⁽¹⁾		35	%		39	%		41	%
Street furniture displays		38	%		37	%		37	%
Transit displays ⁽²⁾		9	%		8	%		9	%
Other displays ⁽³⁾		18	%		16	%		13	%

Total		100	%		100	%		100	%


(1)		Includes revenue from spectaculars and neon displays.

(2)		Includes small displays.


(3)		Includes advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays, and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services and production revenue.

Our International Outdoor Advertising segment generates revenues worldwide from local, regional and national sales. Similar to the Americas, advertising rates generally are based on the gross rating points of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic.

While location, price and availability of displays are important competitive factors, we believe that providing quality customer service and establishing strong client relationships are also critical components of sales. Our entrepreneurial culture allows local management to operate their markets as separate profit centers, encouraging customer cultivation and service.

Billboards

The sizes of our international billboards are not standardized. The billboards vary in both format and size across our networks, with the majority of our international billboards being similar in size to our posters used in our Americas outdoor business (30-sheet and 8-sheet displays). Our international billboards are sold to clients as network packages with contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are also available and typically have terms of up to one year. We lease the majority of our billboard sites from private landowners. Billboards include our spectacular and neon displays. DEFI, our international neon subsidiary, is a global provider of neon signs with approximately 400 displays in more than 15 countries worldwide. Client contracts for international neon displays typically have terms of approximately five years.

Street Furniture Displays

Our international street furniture displays are substantially similar to their Americas street furniture counterparts, and include bus shelters, freestanding units, public toilets, various types of kiosks and benches. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture in the public domain and sell advertising on such street furniture typically provide for terms ranging from 10 to 15 years. The major difference between our international and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal contracts. In our international outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of urban amenities such as public wastebaskets and lampposts, as well as space for the municipality to display maps or other public information. In exchange for providing such urban amenities and display space, we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. Our international street furniture is typically sold to clients as network packages, with contract terms ranging from one to two weeks. Long-term client contracts are also available and typically have terms of up to one year.

Transit Displays

Our international transit display contracts are substantially similar to their Americas transit display counterparts, and typically require us to make only a minimal initial investment and few ongoing maintenance expenditures. Contracts with public transit authorities or private transit operators typically have terms ranging from three to seven years. Our client contracts for transit displays generally have terms ranging from one week to one year, or longer.

Other International Inventory and Services

The balance of our revenue from our International Outdoor Advertising segment consists primarily of advertising revenue from mall displays, other small displays and non-advertising revenue from sales of street furniture equipment, cleaning and maintenance services and production revenue. Internationally, our contracts with mall operators generally have terms ranging from five to ten years and client contracts for mall displays generally have terms ranging from one to two weeks, but are available for up to six-month periods. Our international inventory includes other small displays that are counted as separate displays since they form a substantial part of our network and International Outdoor Advertising revenue. We also have a bike rental program which provides bicycles for rent to the general public in several municipalities. In exchange for providing the bike rental program, we generally derive revenue from advertising rights to the bikes, bike stations, or additional street furniture displays. Several of our international markets sell equipment or provide cleaning and maintenance services as part of a billboard or street furniture contract with a municipality. Production revenue relates to the production of advertising posters, usually for small customers.

Competition

The international outdoor advertising industry is fragmented, consisting of several larger companies involved in outdoor advertising, such as CBS and JC Decaux, as well as numerous smaller and local companies operating a limited

number of display faces in a single or a few local markets. We also compete with other advertising media in our respective markets, including broadcast and cable television, radio, print media, the Internet and direct mail.

Advertising Inventory and Markets

As of December 31, 2008, we owned or operated approximately 670,000 displays in our International segment. The following table sets forth certain selected information with regard to our International advertising inventory, which are listed in descending order according to 2008 revenue contribution:

Street

Furniture

Transit

Other

Total

International Markets

Billboards⁽¹⁾

Displays

Displays⁽²⁾

Displays⁽³⁾

Displays

France

•

131,049

United Kingdom

•

66,982

Italy

•

58,774

China

•

64,051

Spain

•

33,814

Australia/New Zealand

•

17,897

Belgium

•

23,984

Sweden

•

116,230

Switzerland

•

17,962

Norway

•

21,370

Ireland

•

9,533

Turkey

•

11,822

Denmark

•

34,106

Finland

•

24,700

Poland

•

11,041

Holland

•

4,630

India

•

737

Baltic States/Russia

•

16,250

Romania

•

150

Greece

•

1,201

Singapore

•

3,857

Hungary

•

Japan

•

433

Germany

•

Austria

•

Czech Republic

•

Indonesia

•

Portugal

•

United Arab Emirates

•

Total International Displays

670,705


(1)		Includes spectaculars and neon displays.

(2)		Includes small displays.

(3)		Includes mall displays and other small displays counted as separate displays in the table since they form a substantial part of our network and International revenue.

Equity Investments

In addition to the displays listed above, as of December 31, 2008, we had equity investments in various out-of-home advertising companies that operate in the following markets:

Street

Equity

Furniture

Transit

Market

Company

Investment

Billboards⁽¹⁾

Displays

Outdoor Advertising Companies

Italy

Alessi

34.3

•

Italy

AD Moving SpA

17.5

•

Hong Kong

Buspak

50.0

•

Spain

Clear Channel Cemusa

50.0

•

Thailand

Master & More

32.5

•

Belgium

MTB

49.0

•

Belgium

Streep

25.0

•

Other Media Companies

Norway

CAPA

50.0


(1)		Includes spectaculars and neon displays.

Other

The other category includes our media representation firm as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to our other businesses.

Media Representation

We own Katz Media, a full-service media representation firm that sells national spot advertising time for clients in the radio and television industries throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2008, Katz Media represents approximately 3,900 radio stations, nearly one-fifth of which are owned by us and approximately 400 television stations.

Katz Media generates revenue primarily through contractual commissions realized from the sale of national spot advertising airtime. National spot advertising is commercial airtime sold to advertisers on behalf of radio and television stations. Katz Media represents its media clients pursuant to media representation contracts, which typically have terms of up to ten years in length.

Management Team and Employees

We have an experienced management team from our senior executives to our local market managers. Our executive officers and certain radio and outdoor senior managers possess an average of 21 years of industry experience, and have combined experience of over 250 years. The core of the executive management team includes Chief Executive Officer Mark Mays, who has been with Clear Channel for over 19 years, and President and Chief Financial Officer Randall Mays, who has been with the Clear Channel for over 15 years.

As of February 27, 2009, we had approximately 16,800 domestic employees and 5,300 international employees of which approximately 21,300 were in operations and approximately 800 were in corporate related activities. Approximately 470 of our United States employees and approximately 230 of our non-United States employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements in their respective countries. We are a party to numerous collective bargaining agreements, none of which represent a significant number of employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Regulation of Our Radio Broadcasting Business

Existing Regulation

Radio broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Communications Act”). The Communications Act prohibits the operation of a radio broadcast station except under a license issued by the FCC and empowers the FCC, among other things, to:

	•		issue, renew, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses;

	•		assign frequency bands;

	•		determine stations’ frequencies, locations and power;

	•		regulate the equipment used by stations;

	•		adopt other regulations to carry out the provisions of the Communications Act;

	•		impose penalties for violation of such regulations; and

	•		impose fees for processing applications and other administrative functions.

The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of an FCC license or the transfer of control of an FCC licensee without prior approval of the FCC.

License Grant and Renewal

The FCC grants radio broadcast licenses for a term of up to eight years. Generally, upon application, the FCC renews a broadcast license for an additional eight year term if it finds that:

	•		the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity;

	•		there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee; and

	•		there have been no other violations by the licensee which, taken together, constitute a pattern of abuse.

After considering these factors and any petitions to deny a license renewal application (which may lead to a hearing), the FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for a term less than the maximum otherwise permitted. In making its licensing determination, the FCC may consider petitions to deny and informal objections, and may order a hearing if sufficiently serious issues have been raised. The FCC may grant the license renewal application with or without conditions, including renewal for less than eight years. A station may continue to operate beyond the expiration date if a timely filed license renewal application is pending.

Although in the vast majority of cases radio licenses are renewed by the FCC, even when petitions to deny or informal objections are filed, there can be no assurance that any of our stations’ licenses will be renewed for a full term and without sanctions or conditions at the expiration of their terms.

Current Multiple Ownership Restrictions

The Communications Act and FCC rules limit the ability of individuals and entities to own or have an “attributable interest” in broadcast stations and other specified mass media entities. All officers and directors of a licensee and any direct or indirect parent, general partners, limited partners and limited liability company members who are not properly “insulated” from management activities, and stockholders who own 5% or more of the outstanding voting stock of a licensee or its parent, either directly or indirectly, generally will be deemed to have an attributable interest in the licensee. Certain institutional investors who exert no control or influence over a licensee may own up to 20% of a licensee’s or its parent’s outstanding voting stock before attribution occurs. Under current FCC regulations, debt instruments, non-voting stock, minority voting stock interests in corporations having a single majority stockholder, and properly insulated limited partnership and limited liability company interests as to which the licensee certifies that the interest holders are not “materially involved” in the management and operation of the subject media property generally are not subject to attribution unless such interests implicate the FCC’s “equity/debt plus” (“EDP”) rule. Under the EDP rule, an aggregate debt and/or equity interest in excess of 33% of a licensee’s total asset value (equity plus debt) is attributable if the interest holder is either a major program supplier (providing over 15% of the licensee’s station’s total weekly broadcast programming hours) or a same-market media owner (including broadcasters, cable operators and newspapers). The FCC recently adopted revisions to the EDP rule to promote diversification of broadcast ownership. To the best of our knowledge at present, none of our officers, directors, or 5% or greater shareholders holds an interest in another television station, radio station, cable television system, or daily newspaper that is inconsistent with the FCC’s ownership rules and policies.

Additionally, an entity that owns one or more radio stations in a market and programs more than 15% of the broadcast time on another radio station in the same market pursuant to an LMA is generally required to count the LMA station toward its media ownership limits even though it does not own the station. As a result, in a market where we own one or more radio stations, we generally cannot provide programming under an LMA to another radio station if we cannot acquire that station under the FCC’s ownership rules. The media ownership rules are subject to periodic review by the FCC. As the result of its third periodic review, in 2003 the FCC adopted new rules which, among other changes, modified broadcast ownership limits, changed the way a local radio market is defined, and made certain joint sales agreements (“JSAs”) “attributable” under the ownership limits. Numerous parties, including us, appealed the modified ownership rules. These appeals were consolidated before the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, which stayed their implementation. In June 2004, the court issued a decision that upheld the modified ownership rules in

certain respects, including allowing the new local market definition to go into effect, and remanded them to the FCC for further justification in other respects.

The maximum allowable number of radio stations that may be commonly owned in a market varies depending on the total number of radio stations in that market.

	•		In markets with 45 or more stations, one company may own, operate or control eight stations, with no more than five in any one service (AM or FM).

	•		In markets with 30-44 stations, one company may own seven stations, with no more than four in any one service.

	•		In markets with 15-29 stations, one entity may own six stations, with no more than four in any one service.

	•		In markets with 14 stations or less, one company may own up to five stations or 50% of all of the stations, whichever is less, with no more than three in any one service.

The FCC’s June 2003 decision abandoned the existing local radio market definition based on station signal contours in favor of a definition based on “metro” markets as defined by Arbitron. Under the modified approach, commercial and non-commercial radio stations licensed to communities within an Arbitron metro market, as well as stations licensed to communities outside the metro market but considered “home” to that market, are counted as stations in the local radio market for the purposes of applying the ownership limits. For geographic areas outside defined Arbitron metro markets, the FCC adopted an interim market definition methodology based on a modified signal contour overlap approach and initiated a further rulemaking proceeding to determine a permanent market definition methodology for such areas. The further proceeding is still pending. The FCC grandfathered existing combinations of owned stations that would not comply with the modified rules. However, the FCC ruled that such noncompliant combinations could not be sold intact except to certain “eligible entities,” which the agency defined as entities qualifying as a small business consistent with Small Business Administration standards.

The June 2003 rules also made JSAs involving more than 15% per week of a same-market radio station’s advertising time attributable under the ownership rules. Consequently, in a market where we own one or more radio stations, we generally cannot enter into a JSA with another radio station if we could not acquire that station under the FCC’s rules.

Irrespective of FCC rules governing radio ownership, the Antitrust Division of the DOJ (the “Antitrust Division”) and the FTC have the authority to determine that a particular transaction presents antitrust concerns. Over the past decade, the Antitrust Division has become more aggressive in reviewing proposed radio station acquisitions, particularly where the proposed purchaser already owns one or more radio stations in a particular market and seeks to acquire additional radio stations in that market. The Antitrust Division has, in some cases, obtained consent decrees requiring radio station divestitures in a particular market based on allegations that acquisitions would lead to unacceptable concentration levels. The FCC generally delays action on radio acquisitions in situations where antitrust authorities have expressed concentration concerns, even if the acquisition complies with the FCC’s numerical station limits, until after action has been taken by the antitrust authorities.

A number of cross-ownership rules pertain to licensees of a radio station, including limits on broadcast-newspaper and radio-television cross ownership. FCC rules generally prohibit an individual or entity from having an attributable interest in a radio or television station and a daily newspaper located in the same market, although in late 2007 the FCC adopted a revised rule that would allow a degree of same-market newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership based on certain presumptions, criteria and limitations.

Regarding radio-television cross ownership, FCC rules permit the common ownership of one television and up to seven same-market radio stations, or up to two television and six same-market radio stations, if the market will have at least 20 separately owned broadcast, newspaper and cable “voices” after the combination. Common ownership of up to two television and four radio stations is permissible when at least 10 “voices” will remain, and common ownership of up to two television stations and one radio station is permissible in all markets regardless of voice count. The radio/television limits, moreover, are subject to the compliance of the television and radio components of the combination with the television duopoly rule and the local radio ownership limits, respectively. Waivers of the radio/television cross-ownership rule are available only where the station being acquired is “failed” (i.e., off the air for at least four months or involved in court-supervised involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings). A buyer seeking such a waiver must also demonstrate, in most cases, that it is the only buyer ready, willing and able to operate the station, and that sale to an out-of-market buyer would result in an artificially depressed price. In its 2003 ownership decision, the FCC adopted new cross-media limits to replace these newspaper-broadcast and radio-television cross-ownership rules. These provisions were remanded by the Third Circuit for further FCC consideration, and are currently subject to judicial stay.

Developments and Future Actions Regarding Multiple Ownership Rules

Expansion of our broadcast operations in particular areas and nationwide will continue to be subject to the FCC’s ownership rules and any further changes the FCC or Congress may adopt. Recent actions by and pending proceedings before the FCC, Congress and the courts may significantly affect our business.

In June 2006, the FCC commenced its proceeding on remand from the Third Circuit of the modified media ownership rules. At an open meeting on December 18, 2007, the FCC adopted a decision that revised the newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership rule to allow a degree of same-market newspaper/broadcast ownership based on certain presumptions, criteria and limitations. The FCC made no changes to the currently effective local radio ownership rules (as modified by the 2003 decision) or the radio/television cross-ownership rule (as modified in 1999). The FCC’s 2007 decision, including the determination not to relax the numerical radio ownership limits, is the subject of a request for reconsideration and various court appeals, including by us. Also at its December 18, 2007 meeting, the FCC adopted rules to promote diversification of broadcast ownership, including revisions to its EDP attribution rule and the “eligible entity” exception to the prohibition on the sale of grandfathered noncompliant radio station combinations.

We cannot predict the impact of any of these developments on our business. In particular, we cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the FCC’s media ownership proceedings or their effects on our ability to acquire broadcast stations in the future, to complete acquisitions that we have agreed to make, to continue to own and freely transfer groups of stations that we have already acquired, or to continue our existing agreements to provide programming to or sell advertising on stations we do not own. Moreover, we cannot predict the impact of future reviews or any other agency or legislative initiatives upon the FCC’s broadcast rules.

Alien Ownership Restrictions

The Communications Act restricts the ability of foreign entities or individuals to own or hold certain interests in broadcast licenses. Foreign governments, representatives of foreign governments, non-United States citizens, representatives of non-United States citizens and corporations or partnerships organized under the laws of a foreign nation are barred from holding broadcast licenses. Non-United States citizens, collectively, may own or vote up to 20% of the capital stock of a corporate licensee. A broadcast license may not be granted to or held by any entity that is controlled, directly or indirectly, by a business entity more than one-fourth of whose capital stock is owned or voted by non-United States citizens or their representatives, by foreign governments or their representatives, or by non-United States business entities, if the FCC finds that the public interest will be served by the refusal or revocation of such license. The FCC has interpreted this provision of the Communications Act to require an affirmative public interest finding before a broadcast license may be granted to or held by any such entity, and the FCC has made such an affirmative finding only in limited circumstances. Since we serve as a holding company for subsidiaries that serve as licensees for our stations, we are effectively restricted from having more than one-fourth of our stock owned or voted directly or indirectly by non-United States citizens or their representatives, foreign governments, representatives of foreign governments, or foreign business entities.

Other Regulations Affecting Broadcast Stations

General. The FCC has significantly reduced its past regulation of broadcast stations, including elimination of formal ascertainment requirements and guidelines concerning amounts of certain types of programming and commercial matter that may be broadcast. There are, however, statutes and rules and policies of the FCC and other federal agencies that regulate matters such as political advertising practices, obscenity and indecency in broadcast programming, application procedures and other areas affecting the business or operations of broadcast stations. Moreover, recent and possible future actions by the FCC in the areas of localism and public interest obligations may impose additional regulatory requirements on us.

Indecency. Provisions of federal law regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane material. The FCC has substantially increased its monetary penalties for violations of these regulations. Legislation enacted in 2006 provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per violation for the broadcast of such material. We cannot predict whether Congress will consider or adopt further legislation in this area. Several judicial appeals of FCC indecency enforcement actions are currently pending, and their outcomes could affect future FCC policies in this area.

Public Interest Programming. Broadcasters are required to air programming addressing the needs and interests of their communities of license, and to place “issues/programs lists” in their public inspection files to provide their communities with information on the level of “public interest” programming they air. In December 2007, the FCC adopted a report on broadcast localism and proposed new localism rules. The report tentatively concluded that broadcast

licensees should be required to establish and hold regular meetings with a local advisory board to ascertain the needs and interests of the communities where they own stations. The report also proposed the adoption of specific renewal application processing guidelines that would require broadcasters to air a minimum amount of local programming. Finally, it sought comment on a variety of other issues concerning localism including potential changes to the main studio rule and sponsorship identification rules. The FCC has not yet issued a decision in this proceeding. We cannot predict whether the FCC will enact any of the initiatives discussed in the report.

Equal Employment Opportunity. The FCC’s equal employment opportunity rules generally require broadcasters to engage in broad and inclusive recruitment efforts to fill job vacancies, keep a considerable amount of recruitment data and report much of this data to the FCC and to the public via stations’ public files and websites. Radio stations with more than 10 full-time employees must file certain annual Equal Employment Opportunity reports with the FCC midway through their license term. The FCC is still considering whether to apply these rules to part-time employment positions. Broadcasters are subject to random audits to ensure compliance with the Equal Employment Opportunity rules and could be sanctioned for noncompliance. Broadcasters are also obligated not to engage in employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin or sex.

Digital Radio. The FCC has approved a technical standard for the provision of “in band, on channel” terrestrial digital radio broadcasting by existing radio broadcasters (except for nighttime broadcasting by AM stations, which is undergoing further testing), and has allowed radio broadcasters to convert to a hybrid mode of digital/analog operation on their existing frequencies. We and other broadcasters have intensified efforts to roll out terrestrial digital radio service. In May 2007, the FCC established service, operational and technical rules for terrestrial digital audio broadcasting and sought public comment on what (if any) limitations should be placed on subscription services offered by digital audio broadcasters and whether any new public interest requirements should be applied to terrestrial digital audio broadcast service. We cannot predict the impact of terrestrial digital audio radio service on our business.

Low Power FM Radio Service. In January 2000, the FCC created two new classes of noncommercial low power FM radio stations (“LPFM”). One class (“LP100”) is authorized to operate with a maximum power of 100 watts and a service radius of about 3.5 miles. The other class (“LP10”) is authorized to operate with a maximum power of 10 watts and a service radius of about one to two miles. In establishing the new LPFM service, the FCC said that its goal is to create a class of radio stations designed “to serve very localized communities or underrepresented groups within communities.” The FCC has authorized a number of LPFM stations. In December 2000, Congress passed the Radio Broadcasting Preservation Act of 2000. This legislation requires the FCC to maintain interference protection requirements between LPFM stations and full-power radio stations on third-adjacent channels. It also requires the FCC to conduct field tests to determine the impact of eliminating such requirements. The FCC has commissioned a preliminary report on such impact and on the basis of that report, has recommended to Congress that such requirements be eliminated. In addition, in November 2007, the FCC adopted rules that, among other things, enhance LPFM’s interference protection from subsequently authorized full-service stations. Concurrently, the FCC solicited public comment on technical rules for possible expansion of LPFM licensing opportunities and technical and financial assistance to LPFM broadcasters from full-service stations which propose to create interference to LPFM stations. We cannot predict the number of LPFM stations that eventually will be authorized to operate or the impact of such stations on our business.

Other. Finally, Congress and the FCC from time to time consider, and may in the future adopt, new laws, regulations and policies regarding a wide variety of other matters that could affect, directly or indirectly, the operation and ownership of our broadcast properties. In addition to the changes and proposed changes noted above, such matters have included, for example, spectrum use fees, political advertising rates and potential restrictions on the advertising of certain products such as beer and wine. Other matters that could affect our broadcast properties include technological innovations and developments generally affecting competition in the mass communications industry, such as “streaming” of audio and video programming via the Internet, digital radio technologies and the establishment of a low power FM radio service.

The foregoing is a brief summary of certain provisions of the Communications Act and specific regulations and policies of the FCC thereunder. This description does not purport to be comprehensive and reference should be made to the Communications Act, the FCC’s rules and the public notices and rulings of the FCC for further information concerning the nature and extent of federal regulation of broadcast stations. Proposals for additional or revised regulations and requirements are pending before and are being considered by Congress and federal regulatory agencies from time to time. Also, various of the foregoing matters are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our broadcasting business.

Regulation of our Americas and International Outdoor Advertising Businesses

The outdoor advertising industry in the United States is subject to governmental regulation at the federal, state and local levels. These regulations may include, among others, restrictions on the construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing and location of and, in some instances, content of advertising copy being displayed on outdoor advertising structures. In addition, the outdoor advertising industry outside of the United States is subject to certain foreign governmental regulation.

Domestically, in recent years, outdoor advertising has become the subject of targeted state and municipal taxes and fees. These laws may affect prevailing competitive conditions in our markets in a variety of ways. Such laws may reduce our expansion opportunities, or may increase or reduce competitive pressure from other members of the outdoor advertising industry. No assurance can be given that existing or future laws or regulations, and the enforcement thereof, will not materially and adversely affect the outdoor advertising industry. However, we contest laws and regulations that we believe unlawfully restrict our constitutional or other legal rights and may adversely impact the growth of our outdoor advertising business.

Federal law, principally the Highway Beautification Act of 1965, or HBA, regulates outdoor advertising on Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems roads within the United States (“controlled roads”). The HBA regulates the size and placement of billboards, requires the development of state standards, mandates a state’s compliance program, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings.

To satisfy the HBA’s requirements, all states have passed billboard control statutes and regulations which regulate, among other things, construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, height, size, spacing and the placement of outdoor advertising structures. We are not aware of any state which has passed control statutes and regulations less restrictive than the prevailing federal requirements, including the requirement that an owner to remove any non-grandfathered non-compliant signs along the controlled roads, at the owner’s expense and without compensation, or requiring an owner to remove any non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the states’ requirements. Municipal and county governments generally also include billboard control as part of their zoning laws and building codes regulating those items described above and include similar provisions regarding the removal of non-grandfathered structures that do not comply with certain of the local requirements.

As part of their billboard control laws, state and local governments regulate the construction of new signs. Some jurisdictions prohibit new construction, some jurisdictions allow new construction only to replace existing structures and some jurisdictions allow new construction subject to the various restrictions discussed above. In certain jurisdictions, restrictive regulations also limit our ability to relocate, rebuild, repair, maintain, upgrade, modify, or replace existing legal non-conforming billboards. While these regulations set certain limits on the construction of new outdoor advertising displays, they also benefit established companies, including us, by creating barriers to entry and by protecting the outdoor advertising industry against an oversupply of inventory.

Federal law neither requires nor prohibits the removal of existing lawful billboards, but it does mandate the payment of compensation if a state or political subdivision compels the removal of a lawful billboard along the controlled roads. In the past, state governments have purchased and removed existing lawful billboards for beautification purposes using federal funding for transportation enhancement programs, and these jurisdictions may continue to do so in the future. From time to time, state and local government authorities use the power of eminent domain and amortization to remove billboards. Thus far, we have been able to obtain satisfactory compensation for our billboards purchased or removed as a result of these types of governmental action, although there is no assurance that this will continue to be the case in the future.

Other important outdoor advertising regulations include the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, the Bonus Act/Bonus Program, the 1995 Scenic Byways Amendment and various increases or implementations of property taxes, billboard taxes and permit fees. From time to time, legislation has been introduced in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising. Several state and local jurisdictions have already imposed such taxes as a percentage of our outdoor advertising revenue in that jurisdiction. While these taxes have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect state and local governments to continue to try to impose such taxes as a way of increasing revenue.

We have introduced and intend to expand the deployment of digital billboards that display static digital advertising copy from various advertisers that change up to several times per minute. We have encountered some existing regulations that restrict or prohibit these types of digital displays. However, since digital technology for changing static copy has only recently been developed and introduced into the market on a large scale, existing regulations that currently do not apply to digital technology by their terms could be revised to impose greater restrictions.

These regulations may impose greater restrictions on digital billboards due to alleged concerns over aesthetics or driver safety.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Relating to Our Business

Deterioration in general economic conditions has caused and could cause additional decreases or delays in advertising spending by our advertisers and could harm our ability to generate advertising revenues and negatively affect our results of operations

The risks associated with our businesses become more acute in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. The current global economic slowdown has resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing services among our customers, resulting in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of the global economic slowdown may continue to adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.

In this regard, our consolidated revenue decreased $232.5 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Revenue growth during the first nine months of 2008 was offset by a decline of $254.0 million in the fourth quarter. Revenue declined $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007 from our radio business associated with decreases in both local and national advertising. Our Americas outdoor revenue also declined approximately $54.8 million attributable to decreases in poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers.

In January 2009, in response to the deterioration in general economic conditions and the resulting negative impact on our business, we commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, we eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all.

If we need additional cash to fund our working capital, debt service, capital expenditures or other funding requirements, we may not be able to access the credit markets due to continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions

Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations, which has been adversely impacted by the decline in our advertising revenues resulting from the current global economic slowdown. Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash flow from operations as well as cash on hand (including amounts drawn or available under our senior secured credit facilities) will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants under our financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of our financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet our obligations.

Downgrades in our credit ratings and macroeconomic conditions may adversely affect our borrowing costs, limit our financing options, reduce our flexibility under future financings and adversely affect our liquidity

Our corporate credit and issue-level ratings were downgraded on February 20, 2009 by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services. Our corporate credit rating was lowered to “B-”. These ratings remain on credit watch with negative implications. Additionally, Moody’s Investors Service has placed our credit ratings on review for possible downgrade from “B2.” These ratings are significantly below investment grade. These ratings and any additional reductions in our credit ratings could further increase our borrowing costs and reduce the availability of financing to us. In addition, deteriorating economic conditions, including market disruptions, tightened credit markets and significantly wider corporate borrowing spreads, may make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing in the future. A credit rating downgrade does not constitute a default under any of our debt obligations.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by certain variables which are not in our control

Certain variables that could adversely affect our financial performance by, among other things, leading to decreases in overall revenues, the numbers of advertising customers, advertising fees, or profit margins include:

	•		unfavorable economic conditions, both general and relative to the radio broadcasting, outdoor advertising and all related media industries, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;

	•		unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence, or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective;

	•		an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;

	•		unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;

	•		technological changes and innovations that we are unable to adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we currently offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;

	•		the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting which could materially increase our expenses;

	•		unfavorable changes in labor conditions which may require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees; and

	•		changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of federal regulatory bodies which could restrict the advertising media which we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media, or from advertising at all.

We face intense competition in the broadcasting and outdoor advertising industries

Our business segments are in highly competitive industries, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our current audience ratings and advertising and sales revenues. Our radio stations and outdoor advertising properties compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other radio stations and outdoor advertising companies, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, television, direct mail, satellite radio and Internet based media, within their respective markets. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, which could have the effect of reducing our revenues in that market. Our competitors may develop services or advertising media that are equal or superior to those we provide or that achieve greater market acceptance and brand recognition than we achieve. It is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share in any of our business segments. An increased level of competition for advertising dollars may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match.

Our business is dependent upon the performance of on-air talent and program hosts, as well as our management team and other key employees

We employ or independently contract with several on-air personalities and hosts of syndicated radio programs with significant loyal audiences in their respective markets. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of our key on-air talent and program hosts to protect our interests in those relationships, we can give no assurance that all or any of these persons will remain with us or will retain their audiences. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of these individuals are under no legal obligation to remain with us. Our competitors may choose to extend offers to any of these individuals on terms which we may be unwilling to meet. Furthermore, the popularity and audience loyalty of our key on-air talent and program hosts is highly sensitive to rapidly changing public tastes. A loss of such popularity or audience loyalty is beyond our control and could limit our ability to generate revenues.

Our business is also dependent upon the performance of our management team and other key employees. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of these individuals, we can give no assurance that all or any of our executive officers or key employees will remain with us. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of our key employees are at-will employees who are under no legal obligation to remain with us. In addition, any or all of our executive officers or key employees may decide to leave for a variety of personal or other reasons beyond our control. The loss of members of our management team or other key employees could have a negative impact on our business and results of operations.

Extensive government regulation, including laws dealing with indecency, may limit our broadcasting operations or adversely affect our business

The federal government extensively regulates the domestic broadcasting industry, and any changes in the current regulatory scheme could significantly affect us.

Provisions of federal law regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane material. The FCC has substantially increased its monetary penalties for violations of these regulations. Congressional legislation enacted in 2006 provides the FCC with authority to impose fines of up to $325,000 per violation for the broadcast of such material. We therefore face increased costs in the form of fines for indecency violations, and cannot predict whether Congress will consider or adopt further legislation in this area.

Environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations may limit or restrict some of our operations

As the owner or operator of various real properties and facilities, especially in our outdoor advertising operations, we must comply with various foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations. We and our properties are subject to such laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, disposal, emission and release of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and employee health and safety as well as zoning restrictions. Historically, we have not incurred significant expenditures to comply with these laws. However, additional laws which may be passed in the future, or a finding of a violation of or liability under existing laws, could require us to make significant expenditures and otherwise limit or restrict some of our operations.

Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations

United States federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws was the HBA, which regulates outdoor advertising on the 306,000 miles of Federal-Aid Primary, Interstate and National Highway Systems. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs, and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, lighting, height, size, spacing and the location of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures, and also permitted non-conforming structures to be rebuilt by third parties. Changes in laws and regulations affecting outdoor advertising at any level of government, including laws of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations.

From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including condemnation and amortization. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal but non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable zoning regulations when built, but which do not conform to current zoning regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads. Amortization has, however, been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. Although we believe that the number of our billboards that may be subject to removal based on alleged noncompliance is immaterial, from time to time we have been required to remove billboards for alleged noncompliance. Such regulations and allegations have not had a material impact on our results of operations to date, but if we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification, or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated legislative billboard controls, including taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. While these controls have not had a material impact on our business and financial results to date, we expect states and local governments to continue these efforts. The increased imposition of these controls and our inability to pass on the cost of these items to our clients could negatively affect our operating income.

International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry varies by region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. For instance, the United States and most European Union countries, among other nations, have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products. Our failure to comply with these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may require us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our operations, revenue, International client base and overall financial condition.

Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our products

Out-of-court settlements between the major United States tobacco companies and all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and four other United States territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the future, including alcohol products. Legislation regulating tobacco and alcohol advertising has also been introduced in a number of European countries in which we conduct business and could have a similar impact. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.

Doing business in foreign countries creates certain risks not found in doing business in the United States

Doing business in foreign countries carries with it certain risks that are not found in doing business in the United States. The risks of doing business in foreign countries that could result in losses against which we are not insured include:

	•		exposure to local economic conditions;

	•		potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;

	•		hostility from local populations;

	•		the adverse effect of currency exchange controls;

	•		restrictions on the withdrawal of foreign investment and earnings;

	•		government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;

	•		investment restrictions or requirements;

	•		expropriations of property;

	•		the potential instability of foreign governments;

	•		the risk of insurrections;

	•		risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;

	•		foreign exchange restrictions;

	•		withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries; and

	•		changes in taxation structure.

In addition, because we own assets in foreign countries and derive revenues from our international operations, we may incur currency translation losses due to changes in the values of foreign currencies and in the value of the United States dollar. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

Future acquisitions could pose risks

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of certain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be material. Our acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including:

	•		certain of our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;

	•		to successfully manage our large portfolio of broadcasting, outdoor advertising and other properties, we may need to:

•

recruit additional senior management as we cannot be assured that senior management of acquired companies will continue to work for us and we cannot be certain that any of our recruiting efforts will succeed, and

•

expand corporate infrastructure to facilitate the integration of our operations with those of acquired properties, because failure to do so may cause us to lose the benefits of any expansion that we decide to undertake by leading to disruptions in our ongoing businesses or by distracting our management;

	•		entry into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;

	•		we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems;

	•		our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns; and

	•		we may lose key employees of acquired companies or stations.

Additional acquisitions by us of radio and television stations and outdoor advertising properties may require antitrust review by federal antitrust agencies and may require review by foreign antitrust agencies under the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions. We can give no assurances that the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) or the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) or foreign antitrust agencies will not seek to bar us from acquiring additional radio or television stations or outdoor advertising properties in any market where we already have a significant position. The DOJ also actively reviews proposed acquisitions of outdoor advertising properties. In addition, the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions will apply if we acquire international broadcasting properties.

Capital requirements necessary to implement strategic initiatives could pose risks

The purchase price of possible acquisitions and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Since the terms and availability of this financing depend to a large degree upon general economic conditions and third parties over which we have no control, we can give no assurance that we will obtain the needed financing or that we will obtain such financing on attractive terms. In addition, our ability to obtain financing depends on a number of other factors, many of which are also beyond our control, such as interest rates and national and local business conditions. If the cost of obtaining needed financing is too high or the terms of such financing are otherwise unacceptable in relation to the strategic opportunity we are presented with, we may decide to forego that opportunity. Additional indebtedness could increase our leverage and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and may limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures.

New technologies may affect our broadcasting operations

Our broadcasting businesses face increasing competition from new broadcast technologies, such as broadband wireless and satellite radio, and new consumer products, such as portable digital audio players. These new technologies and alternative media platforms compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. The FCC has also approved new technologies for use in the radio broadcasting industry, including the terrestrial delivery of digital audio broadcasting, which significantly enhances the sound quality of radio broadcasts. We have converted approximately 498 of our radio stations to digital broadcasting as of December 31, 2008. We are unable to predict the effect such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations, but the capital expenditures necessary to implement such technologies could be substantial and other companies employing such technologies could compete with our businesses.

We may be adversely affected by the occurrence of extraordinary events, such as terrorist attacks

The occurrence of extraordinary events, such as terrorist attacks, intentional or unintentional mass casualty incidents, or similar events may substantially decrease the use of and demand for advertising, which may decrease our revenues or expose us to substantial liability. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, for example, caused a nationwide disruption of commercial activities. As a result of the expanded news coverage following the attacks and subsequent military actions, we experienced a loss in advertising revenues and increased incremental operating expenses. The occurrence of future terrorist attacks, military actions by the United States, contagious disease outbreaks, or similar events cannot be predicted, and their occurrence can be expected to further negatively affect the economies of the United States and other foreign countries where we do business generally, specifically the market for advertising.

Risks Relating to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile

The market price of our Class A common stock could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation:

	•		as a result of the risk factors listed in this annual report on Form 10-K;

	•		actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

	•		reasons unrelated to operating performance, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions, or negative announcements by our customers or competitors regarding their own performance;

	•		regulatory changes that could impact our business; and

	•		general economic and industry conditions.

Shares of our Class A common stock are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. The lack of an active market may impair the ability of holders of our Class A common stock to sell their shares of Class A common stock at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our Class A common stock.

We have a large amount of indebtedness

We currently use a portion of our operating income for debt service. Our leverage could make us vulnerable to an increase in interest rates or a downturn in the operating performance of our businesses due to various factors including a decline in general economic conditions. We may incur additional indebtedness to finance capital expenditures, acquisitions or to refinance indebtedness, as well as for other purposes. On February 6, 2009, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. We made the borrowing to improve our liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. Our debt obligations could increase substantially because of acquisitions and other transactions that may be approved by our Board as well as the indebtedness of companies that we may acquire in the future.

Such a large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:

	•		dedicating a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;

	•		limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

	•		limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;

	•		requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, selling assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;

	•		limiting our ability to refinance any of our indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing in any downturn in our operating performance or decline in general economic conditions;

	•		making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance or a decline in general economic conditions; and

	•		making us more susceptible to changes in credit ratings which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.

If compliance with our debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of our credit facilities allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future, which together with cash on hand and availability under our senior secured credit facilities, is not sufficient to service our debt, we may have to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness or to obtain additional financing. There can be no assurance that any refinancing of this kind would be possible or that any additional financing could be obtained.

The documents governing our indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business

Our financing agreements contain various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit our ability to, among other things, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, incur or permit liens, merge or consolidate with or into, another company, sell assets, pay dividends and other payments in respect to our capital stock, including to redeem or repurchase our capital stock, make certain acquisitions and investments and enter into transactions with affiliates.

The failure to comply with the covenants in the agreements governing the terms of our or our subsidiaries’ indebtedness could be an event of default and could accelerate the payment obligations and, in some cases, could affect other obligations with cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.

Our failure to comply with the covenants in our financing agreements could be an event of default and could accelerate the payment obligations and, in some cases, could affect other obligations with cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions

In addition to covenants imposing restrictions on our business and operations, our senior secured credit facilities include covenants relating to financial ratios and tests. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in our financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under our senior secured credit facilities would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If we are unable to repay our obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of our financing agreements could cause a default under other of our obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.

There is no assurance that holders of our Class A common stock will ever receive cash dividends

There is no guarantee that we will ever pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock. The terms of our credit facilities restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock. In addition to those restrictions, under Delaware law, we are permitted to pay cash dividends on our capital stock only out of our surplus, which in general terms means the excess of our net assets over the original aggregate par value of its stock. In the event we have no surplus, we are permitted to pay these cash dividends out of our net profits for the year in which the dividend is declared or in the immediately preceding year. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that, if we wish to pay cash dividends, we would be able to do so pursuant to Delaware law. Also, even if we are not prohibited from paying cash dividends by the terms of our debt or by law, other factors such as the need to reinvest cash back into our operations may prompt our board of directors to elect not to pay cash dividends.

We may terminate our Exchange Act reporting, if permitted by applicable law

We voluntarily file periodic reports (including annual and quarterly reports) and we may cease filing periodic reports (if permitted by applicable law). If we were to cease to be a reporting company under the Exchange Act, and to the extent not required in connection with any other of our debt or equity securities registered or required to be registered under the Exchange Act, the information now available to our stockholders in the annual, quarterly and other reports required to be filed by us with the SEC would not be available to them as a matter of right.

Entities advised by or affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. and Bain Capital Partners, LLC control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future

Entities advised by or affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (“THL”) and Bain Capital Partners, LLC (“Bain”) currently indirectly control us through their ownership of all of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock, which represent approximately 72% of the voting power of all of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, THL and Bain have the power to elect all but two of our directors (and, in addition, the Company has agreed that each of Mark P. Mays and Randall T. Mays shall serve as directors of the Company pursuant to the terms of their respective amended and restated employment agreements), appoint new management and approve any action requiring the approval of the holders of our capital stock, including adopting any amendments to our third amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and approving mergers or sales of substantially all of our capital stock or its assets. The directors elected by THL and Bain will have significant authority to effect decisions affecting our capital structure, including the issuance of additional capital stock, incurrence of additional indebtedness, the implementation of stock repurchase programs and the decision of whether or not to declare dividends.

Additionally, THL and Bain are in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and hold interests in business that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the entities advised by or affiliated with THL or Bain may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as entities advised by or affiliated with THL and Bain directly or indirectly own a significant amount of the voting power of our capital stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, THL and Bain will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Except for the historical information, this report contains various forward-looking statements which represent our expectations or beliefs concerning future events, including the future levels of cash flow from operations. Management believes that all statements that express expectations and projections with respect to

future matters, including the planned sale of radio assets; our ability to negotiate contracts having more favorable terms; and the availability of capital resources are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. We caution that these forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties and are subject to many variables which could impact our financial performance. These statements are made on the basis of management’s views and assumptions, as of the time the statements are made, regarding future events and business performance. There can be no assurance, however, that management’s expectations will necessarily come to pass. We do not intend, nor do we undertake any duty, to update any forward-looking statements.

A wide range of factors could materially affect future developments and performance, including:

	•		the impact of the substantial indebtedness incurred to finance the consummation of the merger;

	•		risks associated with the current global economic crisis and its impact on capital markets and liquidity;

	•		the need to allocate significant amounts of our cash flow to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to fund other activities;

	•		the impact of planned divestitures;

	•		the impact of the global economic slowdown, which has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses and other general economic and political conditions in the U.S. and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;

	•		our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful;

	•		the impact of the geopolitical environment;

	•		our ability to integrate the operations of recently acquired companies;

	•		shifts in population and other demographics;

	•		industry conditions, including competition;

	•		fluctuations in operating costs;

	•		technological changes and innovations;

	•		changes in labor conditions;

	•		fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;

	•		capital expenditure requirements;

	•		the outcome of pending and future litigation settlements;

	•		legislative or regulatory requirements;

	•		changes in interest rates;

	•		the effect of leverage on our financial position and earnings;

	•		taxes;

	•		access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness; and

	•		certain other factors set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative and is not intended to be exhaustive. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of their inherent uncertainty.

ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not Applicable

ITEM 2. Properties

Corporate

Our corporate headquarters is in San Antonio, Texas, where we own an approximately 55,000 square foot executive office building and an approximately 123,000 square foot data and administrative service center.

Radio Broadcasting

Our radio executive operations are located in our corporate headquarters in San Antonio, Texas. The types of properties required to support each of our radio stations include offices, studios, transmitter sites and antenna sites. We either own or lease our transmitter and antenna sites. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from five to 15 years. A radio station’s studios are generally housed with its offices in downtown or business districts. A radio station’s transmitter sites and antenna sites are generally located in a manner that provides maximum market coverage.

Americas and International Outdoor Advertising

The headquarters of our Americas Outdoor Advertising operations is in Phoenix, Arizona, and the headquarters of our International Outdoor Advertising operations is in London, England. The types of properties required to support each of our outdoor advertising branches include offices, production facilities and structure sites. An outdoor branch and production facility is generally located in an industrial or warehouse district.

In both our Americas and International Outdoor Advertising segments, we own or have acquired permanent easements for relatively few parcels of real property that serve as the sites for our outdoor displays. Our remaining outdoor display sites are leased. Our leases generally range from month-to-month to year-to-year and can be for terms of 10 years or longer, and many provide for renewal options. There is no significant concentration of displays under any one lease or subject to negotiation with any one landlord. We believe that an important part of our management activity is to negotiate suitable lease renewals and extensions.

Consolidated

The studios and offices of our radio stations and outdoor advertising branches are located in leased or owned facilities. These leases generally have expiration dates that range from one to 40 years. We do not anticipate any difficulties in renewing those leases that expire within the next several years or in leasing other space, if required. We own substantially all of the equipment used in our radio broadcasting and outdoor advertising businesses.

As noted above, as of December 31, 2008, we owned 894 radio stations and owned or leased approximately 908,000 outdoor advertising display faces in various markets throughout the world. Therefore, no one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations.

ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, have accrued our estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.

On September 9, 2003, the Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri caused a Subpoena to Testify before Grand Jury to be issued to us. The subpoena requires us to produce certain information regarding commercial advertising run by us on behalf of offshore and/or online (Internet) gambling businesses, including sports bookmaking and casino-style gambling. On October 5, 2006, we received a subpoena from the Assistant United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York requiring us to produce certain information regarding substantially the same matters as covered in the subpoena from the Eastern District of Missouri. We are cooperating with such requirements. While we are unable to estimate the impact of any potential liabilities associated with these proceedings, the outcome of these proceedings is not expected to be material to the Company.

We are a co-defendant with Live Nation (which was spun off as an independent company in December 2005) in 22 putative class actions filed by different named plaintiffs in various district courts throughout the country. These actions generally allege that the defendants monopolized or attempted to monopolize the market for “live rock concerts” in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs claim that they paid higher ticket prices for defendants’ “rock concerts” as a result of defendants’ conduct. They seek damages in an undetermined amount. On April 17, 2006, the Judicial Panel for Multidistrict Litigation centralized these class action proceedings in the District Court for the Central District of California. On March 2, 2007, plaintiffs filed motions for class certification in five “template” cases involving five regional markets, Los Angeles, Boston, New York, Chicago and Denver. Defendants opposed that motion and, on October 22, 2007, the District Court issued its decision certifying the class for each regional market. On November 4, 2007, defendants filed a petition for permission to appeal the class certification ruling with the Ninth

Circuit Court of Appeals. On November 5, 2007 the District Court issued a stay on all proceedings pending the Ninth Circuit’s decision on our Petition to Appeal. On February 19, 2008, the Ninth Circuit denied our Petition to Appeal, and we filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the District Court’s ruling on class certification. The plaintiffs have filed a reply to our motion and we have replied to their filing. The District Court’s decision on our Motion for Reconsideration is still pending. On February 18, 2009, the District Court requested that the parties submit briefs concerning issuing an additional stay of the proceedings. These briefs are due March 2, 2009. In the Master Separation and Distribution Agreement between us and Live Nation that was entered into in connection with our spin-off of Live Nation in December 2005, Live Nation agreed, among other things, to assume responsibility for legal actions existing at the time of, or initiated after, the spin-off in which we are a defendant if such actions relate in any material respect to the business of Live Nation. Pursuant to the agreement, Live Nation also agreed to indemnify us with respect to all liabilities assumed by Live Nation, including those pertaining to the claims discussed above.

Merger-Related Litigation

Eight putative class action lawsuits were filed in the District Court of Bexar County, Texas, in 2006 in connection with the merger. Of the eight, three have been voluntarily dismissed, one has been dismissed for lack of prosecution and four are still pending. The remaining putative class actions, Teitelbaum v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17492 (filed November 14, 2006), City of St. Clair Shores Police and Fire Retirement System v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17660 (filed November 16, 2006), Levy Investments, Ltd. v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI17669 (filed November 16, 2006), DD Equity Partners LLC v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., No. 2006CI7914 (filed November 22, 2006), and Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft MBH v. L. Lowry Mays, et al. (filed December 7, 2006), are consolidated into one proceeding and all raise substantially similar allegations on behalf of a purported class of our shareholders against the defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty in connection with the approval of the merger. The Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft MBH v. L. Lowry Mays, et al. lawsuit has been dismissed by the court for lack of prosecution and we paid nothing in connection with the termination.

Three other lawsuits were filed, two of which are still pending, in connection with the merger, Rauch v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., Case No. 2006-CI17436 (filed November 14, 2006), Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al., (filed January 30, 2007 in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas) and Alaska Laborers Employees Retirement Fund v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et. al., Case No. SA-07-CA-0042 (filed January 11, 2007). These lawsuits raise substantially similar allegations to those found in the pleadings of the consolidated class actions. The Pioneer Investments Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH v. Clear Channel Communications, Inc., et al. lawsuit has been dismissed by consent of the parties and we paid nothing in connection with the dismissal.

On July 24, 2008, approximately 20 months after the filing of the first merger-related lawsuit, Clear Channel’s shareholders approved the merger. We believe that the approval of the merger by the shareholders renders the claims in all the merger-related litigation moot. On November 5, 2008, counsel for plaintiffs in the various state court actions filed a petition in state court seeking the right to recover attorneys’ fees and expenses associated with their respective lawsuits. Clear Channel opposes the petition. The matter has not been resolved. Consequently, we may incur significant related expenses and costs that could have an adverse effect on our business and operations. Furthermore, the cases could involve a substantial diversion of the time of some members of management. At this time, we are unable to estimate the impact of any potential liabilities associated with the claims for fees and expenses.

We continue to believe that the allegations contained in each of the pleadings in the above-referenced actions are without merit and we intend to contest the actions vigorously. We cannot assure you that we will successfully defend the allegations included in the complaints or that pending motions to dismiss the lawsuits will be granted. If we are unable to resolve the claims that are the basis for the lawsuits or to prevail in any related litigation we may be required to pay substantial monetary damages for which we may not be adequately insured, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations. Regardless of the outcome of the lawsuits, we may incur significant related expenses and costs that could have an adverse effect on our business and operations. Furthermore, the cases could involve a substantial diversion of the time of some members of management. While we are unable to estimate the impact of any potential liabilities associated with these complaints, the amount of damages claimed in these pleadings is not expected to be material to the Company.

ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008.

PART II

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “CCMO”. There were 108 shareholders of record as of February 26, 2009. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies. The following quotations obtained from the OTC Bulletin Board reflect the high and low bid prices for our Class A common stock based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.


	Common Stock Market Price
	High		Low
2008
Third Quarter	$	18.95	$	7.75
Fourth Quarter		13.25		1.15

There is no established public trading market for our Class B and Class C common stock. There were 555,556 Class B common shares and 58,967,502 Class C common shares outstanding on February 26, 2009. All of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC and all of our outstanding shares of Class C common stock are held by Clear Channel Capital V, L.P.

Dividend Policy

The Company currently does not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of its common stock. The Company has not declared any dividend on its common stock since its incorporation. Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects the Company’s ability to pay dividends.

Equity Compensation Plan

Please refer to Item 12 of this Annual Report.

ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data

The following tables set forth our summary historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The summary historical financial data are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. Acquisitions and dispositions impact the comparability of the historical consolidated financial data reflected in this schedule of Selected Financial Data.

The summary historical consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K.


	For the Years ended December 31,
	2008⁽¹⁾			2007⁽²⁾			2006⁽³⁾			2005			2004
(In thousands)	Combined			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
Results of Operations Information:
Revenue	$	6,688,683		$	6,921,202		$	6,567,790		$	6,126,553		$	6,132,880
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		2,904,444			2,733,004			2,532,444			2,351,614			2,216,789
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		1,829,246			1,761,939			1,708,957			1,651,195			1,644,251
Depreciation and amortization		696,830			566,627			600,294			593,477			591,670
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		227,945			181,504			196,319			167,088			163,263
Merger expenses		155,769			6,762			7,633			—			—
Impairment charge ⁽⁴⁾		5,268,858			—			—			—			—
Other operating income — net		28,032			14,113			71,571			49,656			43,040

Operating income (loss)		(4,366,377	)		1,685,479			1,593,714			1,412,835			1,559,947
Interest expense		928,978			451,870			484,063			443,442			367,511
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		(82,290	)		6,742			2,306			(702	)		46,271
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		100,019			35,176			37,845			38,338			22,285
Other income (expense) — net		126,393			5,326			(8,593	)		11,016			(30,554	)

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		(5,151,233	)		1,280,853			1,141,209			1,018,045			1,230,438
Income tax benefit (expense)		524,040			(441,148	)		(470,443	)		(403,047	)		(471,504	)
Minority interest expense, net of tax		16,671			47,031			31,927			17,847			7,602

Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		(4,643,864	)		792,674			638,839			597,151			751,332
Income from discontinued operations, net ⁽⁵⁾		638,391			145,833			52,678			338,511			94,467

Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		(4,005,473	)		938,507			691,517			935,662			845,799
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax of, $2,959,003 in 2004 ⁽⁶⁾		—			—			—			—			(4,883,968	)

Net income (loss)	$	(4,005,473	)	$	938,507		$	691,517		$	935,662		$	(4,038,169	)


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	For the five			For the seven
	Months ended			Months ended		For the Pre-merger Years ended December 31,
	December 31, 2008			July 30, 2008			2007⁽²⁾		2006⁽³⁾	2005		2004
Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle	$	(62.04	)	$	.80	$	1.60	$	1.27	$	1.09	$	1.26
Discontinued operations		(.02	)		1.29		.30		.11		.62		.16

Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		(62.06	)		2.09		1.90		1.38		1.71		1.42
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		—			—		—		—		—		(8.19	)

Net income (loss)	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09	$	1.90	$	1.38	$	1.71	$	(6.77	)

Diluted:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle	$	(62.04	)	$	.80	$	1.60	$	1.27	$	1.09	$	1.26
Discontinued operations		(.02	)		1.29		.29		.11		.62		.15

Income (loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		(62.06	)		2.09		1.89		1.38		1.71		1.41
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle		—			—		—		—		—		(8.16	)

Net income (loss)	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09	$	1.89	$	1.38	$	1.71	$	(6.75	)

Dividends declared per share	$	—		$	—	$	.75	$	.75	$	.69	$	.45


	As of December 31,
	2008			2007⁽²⁾		2006⁽³⁾		2005		2004
(In thousands)	Post-merger			Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger
Balance Sheet Data:
Current assets	$	2,066,554		$	2,294,583	$	2,205,730	$	2,398,294	$	2,269,922
Property, plant and equipment — net, including discontinued operations ⁽⁷⁾		3,548,159			3,215,088		3,236,210		3,255,649		3,328,165
Total assets		21,125,463			18,805,528		18,886,455		18,718,571		19,959,618
Current liabilities		1,845,946			2,813,277		1,663,846		2,107,313		2,184,552
Long-term debt, net of current maturities		18,940,697			5,214,988		7,326,700		6,155,363		6,941,996
Shareholders’ equity (deficit)		(3,380,147	)		8,797,491		8,042,341		8,826,462		9,488,078


(1)		The statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 is comprised of two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. We applied preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008. Please refer to the consolidated financial statements located in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for details on the post-merger and pre-merger periods.

(2)		Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, or FIN 48. In accordance with the provisions of FIN 48, the effects of adoption were accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the balance of retained earnings on the date of adoption. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”.

(3)		Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. In accordance with the provisions of Statement 123(R), the Company elected to adopt the standard using the modified prospective method.

(4)		We recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $5.3 billion in 2008 as a result of the global economic slowdown which adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months, as discussed more fully in Item 7.

(5)		Includes the results of operations of our live entertainment and sports representation businesses, which we spun-off on December 21, 2005, our television business which we sold on March 14, 2008 and certain of our non-core radio stations.


(6)		We recorded a non-cash charge of $4.9 billion, net of deferred taxes of $3.0 billion, in 2004 as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle during the fourth quarter of 2004 as a result of the adoption of EITF Topic D-108, Use of the Residual Method to Value Acquired Assets other than Goodwill.

(7)		Excludes the property, plant and equipment — net of our live entertainment and sports representation businesses, which we spun-off on December 21, 2005.

ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Consummation of Merger

We were formed in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain and THL for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., or Clear Channel. The acquisition was completed pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008. As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain of our principals that were rolled over and exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock, were either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration, without interest, or (ii) one share of our Class A common stock.

We accounted for our acquisition of Clear Channel as a purchase business combination in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16, Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions. We have preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assets and liabilities acquired at their initial estimated respective fair values with the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders’ basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.

We estimated the preliminary fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities as of the merger date utilizing information available at the time the financial statements were prepared. These estimates are subject to refinement until all pertinent information is obtained. We are currently in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain of the acquired assets and liabilities and will complete our purchase price allocation in 2009. The final allocation of the purchase price may be different than the initial allocation.

Impairment Charge

The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. As a result, we performed an impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 on our indefinite-lived FCC licenses, indefinite-lived permits and goodwill.

Our FCC licenses and permits are valued using the direct valuation approach, with the key assumptions being market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information representing an average asset within a market.

The estimated fair value of FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion on our FCC licenses and permits. The United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit market, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.

The goodwill impairment test requires us to measure the fair value of our reporting units and compare the estimated fair value to the carrying value, including goodwill. Each of our reporting units is valued using a discounted cash flow model which requires estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the reporting unit, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values were also estimated and discounted to their present value. Assessing the recoverability of goodwill requires us to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates based on our budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and management’s judgment in applying these factors.

The estimated fair value of our reporting units was below their carrying values, which required us to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’ goodwill with its carrying value. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce our goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on our estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.

While we believe we had made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonable assumptions to calculate the fair value of our FCC licenses, permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur to the estimated fair value of these assets. If our actual results are not consistent with our estimates, we could be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

Restructuring Program

Sale of Non-core Radio Stations

We determined that each radio station market in Clear Channel’s previously announced non-core radio station sales represents a disposal group consistent with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets (“Statement 144”). Consistent with the provisions of Statement 144, we classified these assets that are subject to transfer under the definitive asset purchase agreements as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Accordingly, depreciation and amortization associated with these assets was discontinued. Additionally, we determined that these assets comprise operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company. We determined that the estimated fair value less costs to sell attributable to these assets was in excess of the carrying value of their related net assets held for sale.

Sale of the Television Business

On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion, adjusted for certain items including proration of expenses and adjustments for working capital. As a result, Clear Channel recorded a gain of $662.9 million as a component of “Income from discontinued operations, net” in our consolidated statement of operations during the quarter ended March 31, 2008. Additionally, net income and cash flows from the television business were classified as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of cash flows, respectively, in 2008 through the date of sale and for all of 2007 and 2006. The net assets related to the television business were classified as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2007.

Format of Presentation

Our consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows and shareholders’ equity are presented for two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. Prior to the acquisition, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition. We applied preliminary purchase accounting to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008 and the results of operations subsequent to this date reflect the impact of the new basis of accounting. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008 and the financial reporting periods are presented as follows:

	•		The period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 includes the post-merger period. Subsequent to the acquisition, Clear Channel became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of ours and our business became that of Clear Channel and its subsidiaries.

	•		The period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 includes the pre-merger period of Clear Channel. Prior to the consummation of our acquisition of Clear Channel, we had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to our formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition.

	•		The 2007 and 2006 periods presented are pre-merger. The consolidated financial statements for all pre-merger periods were prepared using the historical basis of accounting for Clear Channel. As a result of the merger and the associated preliminary purchase accounting, the consolidated financial statements of the post-merger periods are not comparable to periods preceding the merger.

The discussion in this MD&A is presented on a combined basis of the pre-merger and post-merger periods for 2008. The 2008 post-merger and pre-merger results are presented but are not discussed separately. We believe that the discussion on a combined basis is more meaningful as it allows the results of operations to be analyzed to 2007 and 2006.

Management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. Our discussion is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis. Our reportable operating segments are Radio Broadcasting, or radio, which includes our national syndication business, Americas Outdoor Advertising, or Americas, and International Outdoor Advertising, or International. Included in the “other” segment are our media representation business, Katz Media, as well as other general support services and initiatives.

We manage our operating segments primarily focusing on their operating income, while Corporate expenses, Merger expenses, Impairment charge, Other operating income — net, Interest expense, Gain (loss) on marketable securities, Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, Other income (expense) — net, Income tax benefit (expense) and Minority interest benefit (expense) — net of tax are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Radio Broadcasting

Our radio business has been adversely impacted and may continue to be adversely impacted by the difficult economic conditions currently present in the United States. The weakening economy in the United States has, among other things, adversely affected our clients’ need for advertising and marketing services thereby reducing demand for our advertising spots. Continuing weakening demand for these services could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our revenue is derived from selling advertising time, or spots, on our radio stations, with advertising contracts typically less than one year in duration. The programming formats of our radio stations are designed to reach audiences with targeted demographic characteristics that appeal to our advertisers. Management monitors average advertising rates, which are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by an independent ratings service. The size of the market influences rates as well, with larger markets typically receiving higher rates than smaller markets. Also, our advertising rates are influenced by the time of day the advertisement airs, with morning and evening drive-time hours typically the highest. Management monitors yield per available minute in addition to average rates because yield allows management to track revenue performance across our inventory. Yield is defined by management as revenue earned divided by commercial capacity available.

Management monitors macro level indicators to assess our radio operations’ performance. Due to the geographic diversity and autonomy of our markets, we have a multitude of market specific advertising rates and audience demographics. Therefore, management reviews average unit rates across all of our stations.

Management looks at our radio operations’ overall revenue as well as local advertising, which is sold predominately in a station’s local market, and national advertising, which is sold across multiple markets. Local advertising is sold by each radio station’s sales staffs while national advertising is sold, for the most part, through our national representation firm. Local advertising, which is our largest source of advertising revenue, and national advertising revenues are tracked separately, because these revenue streams have different sales forces and respond differently to changes in the economic environment.

Management also looks at radio revenue by market size, as defined by Arbitron. Typically, larger markets can reach larger audiences with wider demographics than smaller markets. Additionally, management reviews our share of target demographics listening to the radio in an average quarter hour. This metric gauges how well our formats are attracting and retaining listeners.

A portion of our radio segment’s expenses vary in connection with changes in revenue. These variable expenses primarily relate to costs in our sales department, such as salaries, commissions and bad debt. Our programming and general and administrative departments incur most of our fixed costs, such as talent costs, rights fees, utilities and office salaries. Lastly, our highly discretionary costs are in our marketing and promotions department, which we primarily incur to maintain and/or increase our audience share.

Americas and International Outdoor Advertising

Our outdoor advertising business has been, and may continue to be, adversely impacted by the difficult economic conditions currently present in the United States and other countries in which we operate. The continuing weakening economy has, among other things, adversely affected our clients’ need for advertising and marketing services, resulted in increased cancellations and non-renewals by our clients, thereby reducing our occupancy levels and could require us to lower our rates in order to remain competitive, thereby reducing our yield, or affect our client’s solvency. Any one or more of these effects could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide consisting primarily of billboards, street furniture and transit displays. We own the majority of our advertising displays, which typically are located on sites that we either lease or own or for which we have acquired permanent easements. Our advertising contracts typically outline the number of displays reserved, the duration of the advertising campaign and the unit price per display.

Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered, expressed as a percentage of a market population, of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time and, in some international markets, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic. Management typically monitors our business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, or yield, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market. In addition, because a significant portion of our advertising operations are conducted in foreign markets, the largest being France and the United Kingdom, management reviews the operating results from our foreign operations on a constant dollar basis. A constant dollar basis allows for comparison of operations independent of foreign exchange movements.

The significant expenses associated with our operations include (i) direct production, maintenance and installation expenses, (ii) site lease expenses for land under our displays and (iii) revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed amounts payable under our billboard, street furniture and transit display contracts. Our direct production, maintenance and installation expenses include costs for printing, transporting and changing the advertising copy on our displays, the related labor costs, the vinyl and paper costs and the costs for cleaning and maintaining our displays. Vinyl and paper costs vary according to the complexity of the advertising copy and the quantity of displays. Our site lease expenses include lease payments for use of the land under our displays, as well as any revenue-sharing arrangements or minimum guaranteed amounts payable that we may have with the landlords. The terms of our site leases and revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed contracts generally range from one to 20 years.

In our International business, normal market practice is to sell billboards and street furniture as network packages with contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks, compared to contract terms typically ranging from four weeks to one year in the U.S. In addition, competitive bidding for street furniture and transit contracts, which constitute a larger portion of our International business, and a different regulatory environment for billboards, result in higher site lease cost in our International business compared to our Americas business. As a result, our margins are typically less in our International business than in the Americas.

Our street furniture and transit display contracts, the terms of which range from three to 20 years, generally require us to make upfront investments in property, plant and equipment. These contracts may also include upfront lease payments and/or minimum annual guaranteed lease payments. We can give no assurance that our cash flows from operations over the terms of these contracts will exceed the upfront and minimum required payments.

Our 2008 and 2007 results of operations include the full year results of operations of Interspace Airport Advertising, or Interspace, and our results of operations for 2006 include a partial year of the results of operations of Interspace, which we acquired in July 2006.

FAS 123(R), Share-Based Payments

As of December 31, 2008, there was $130.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on service conditions. This cost is expected to be recognized over four years. In addition, as of December 31, 2008, there was $80.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions. This cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be satisfied.

Vesting of certain Clear Channel stock options and restricted stock awards was accelerated upon the closing of the merger. As a result, holders of stock options, other than certain executive officers and holders of certain options that could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date, received cash or, if elected, an amount of Company stock, in each case equal to the intrinsic value of the awards based on a market price of $36.00 per share while holders of restricted stock awards received, with respect to each share of restricted stock, $36.00 per share in cash, without interest or, if elected, a share of Company stock. Approximately $39.2 million of share-based compensation was recognized in the 2008 pre-merger period as a result of the accelerated vesting of stock options and restricted stock awards and is included in the table below.

The following table details compensation costs related to share-based payments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:


	Year Ended December 31,
(In millions)	2008		2007		2006
Radio Broadcasting
Direct Operating Expenses	$	17.2	$	10.0	$	11.1
SG&A		20.6		12.2		14.1
Americas Outdoor Advertising
Direct Operating Expenses	$	6.3	$	5.7	$	3.4
SG&A		2.1		2.2		1.3
International Outdoor Advertising
Direct Operating Expenses	$	1.7	$	1.2	$	0.9
SG&A		0.4		0.5		0.4
Other
Direct Operating Expenses	$	0.5	$	—	$	0.7
SG&A		0.8		—		1.0
Corporate	$	28.9	$	12.2	$	9.1

THE COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 IS AS FOLLOWS:


	Post-merger			Pre-merger			Combined
	Period from July 31			Period from January 1			Year ended
	through December 31,			through July 30,			December 31,
(In thousands)	2008			2008			2008
Revenue	$	2,736,941		$	3,951,742		$	6,688,683
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		1,198,345			1,706,099			2,904,444
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		806,787			1,022,459			1,829,246
Depreciation and amortization		348,041			348,789			696,830
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		102,276			125,669			227,945
Merger expenses		68,085			87,684			155,769
Impairment charge		5,268,858			—			5,268,858
Other operating income — net		13,205			14,827			28,032

Operating income (loss)		(5,042,246	)		675,869			(4,366,377	)
Interest expense		715,768			213,210			928,978
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		(116,552	)		34,262			(82,290	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		5,804			94,215			100,019
Other income (expense) — net		131,505			(5,112	)		126,393

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		(5,737,257	)		586,024			(5,151,233	)
Income tax benefit (expense):
Current		76,729			(27,280	)		49,449
Deferred		619,894			(145,303	)		474,591

Income tax benefit (expense)		696,623			(172,583	)		524,040
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		481			(17,152	)		(16,671	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		(5,040,153	)		396,289			(4,643,864	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		640,236			638,391

Net income (loss)	$	(5,041,998	)	$	1,036,525		$	(4,005,473	)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2008			2007			% Change
(In thousands)	Combined			Pre-merger			2008 v. 2007
Revenue	$	6,688,683		$	6,921,202			(3	%)
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		2,904,444			2,733,004			6	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		1,829,246			1,761,939			4	%
Depreciation and amortization		696,830			566,627			23	%
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		227,945			181,504			26	%
Merger expenses		155,769			6,762
Impairment charge		5,268,858			—
Other operating income — net		28,032			14,113

Operating income (loss)		(4,366,377	)		1,685,479
Interest expense		928,978			451,870
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		(82,290	)		6,742
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		100,019			35,176
Other income (expense) — net		126,393			5,326

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest expense and discontinued operations		(5,151,233	)		1,280,853
Income tax benefit (expense):
Current		49,449			(252,910	)
Deferred		474,591			(188,238	)

Income tax expense		524,040			(441,148	)
Minority interest expense, net of tax		16,671			47,031

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		(4,643,864	)		792,674
Income from discontinued operations, net		638,391			145,833

Net income (loss)	$	(4,005,473	)	$	938,507

Consolidated Results of Operations

Revenue

Our consolidated revenue decreased $232.5 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Revenue growth during the first nine months of 2008 was offset by a decline of $254.0 million in the fourth quarter. Revenue declined $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007 from our radio business associated with decreases in both local and national advertising. Our Americas outdoor revenue also declined approximately $54.8 million attributable to decreases in poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers. The declines were partially offset by an increase from our international outdoor revenue of approximately $62.3 million, with roughly $60.4 million from movements in foreign exchange.

Direct Operating Expenses

Our consolidated direct operating expenses increased approximately $171.4 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Our international outdoor business contributed $90.3 million to the increase primarily from an increase in site lease expenses and $39.5 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Our Americas outdoor business contributed $57.0 million to the increase primarily from new contracts. These increases were partially offset by a decline in direct operating expenses in our radio segment of approximately $3.6 million related to a decline in programming expenses.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)

Our SG&A increased approximately $67.3 million during 2008 compared to 2007. Approximately $48.3 million of this increase occurred during the fourth quarter primarily as a result of an increase in severance. Our international outdoor business contributed approximately $41.9 million to the increase primarily from movements in foreign exchange of $11.2 million and an increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $20.1 million. Our Americas outdoor business’ SG&A increased approximately $26.4 million largely from increased bad debt expense of $15.5 million and an increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring

plan of $4.5 million. SG&A expenses in our radio business decreased approximately $7.5 million primarily from reduced marketing and promotional expenses and a decline in commissions associated with the decline in revenues, partially offset by increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $32.6 million.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $130.2 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily due to $86.0 million in additional depreciation and amortization associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets, $29.3 million of accelerated depreciation in our Americas and International outdoor segments from billboards that were removed and approximately $11.3 million related to impaired advertising display contracts in our international segment.

Corporate Expenses

The increase in corporate expenses of $46.4 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily relates to a $16.7 million increase in non-cash compensation related to awards that vested at closing of the merger, a $6.3 million management fee to the Sponsors in connection with the management and advisory services provided following the merger, and $6.2 million related to outside professional services.

Merger Expenses

Merger expenses for 2008 were $155.8 million and include accounting, investment banking, legal and other expenses.

Impairment Charge

The global economic slowdown has adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses in recent months. As discussed above, we performed an impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2008 and recognized a non-cash impairment charge to our indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill of $5.3 billion.

Other Operating Income — Net

The $28.0 million income for 2008 consists of a gain of $3.3 million from the sale of sports broadcasting rights, a $7.0 million gain on the disposition of a representation contract, a $4.0 million gain on the sale of property, plant and equipment, a $1.7 million gain on the sale of international street furniture and $9.6 million from the favorable settlement of a lawsuit. The $14.1 million income in 2007 related primarily to $8.9 million gain from the sale of street furniture assets and land in our international outdoor segment as well as $3.4 million from the disposition of assets in our radio segment.

Interest Expense

The increase in interest expense for 2008 over 2007 is the result of the increase in our average debt outstanding after the merger. Our outstanding debt was $19.5 billion and $6.6 billion at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities

During the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge to certain available-for-sale securities. The fair value of these available-for-sale securities was below their cost each month subsequent to the closing of the merger. As a result, we considered the guidance in SAB Topic 5M and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment was other than temporary and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge. This loss was partially offset by a net gain of $27.0 million recorded in the second quarter of 2008 on the unwinding of our secured forward exchange contracts and the sale of our American Tower Corporation, or AMT, shares.

The $6.7 million gain on marketable securities for 2007 primarily related to changes in fair value of the shares of AMT held by Clear Channel and the related forward exchange contracts.

Other Income (Expense) — Net

Other income of $126.4 million in 2008 relates to an aggregate gain of $124.5 million on the fourth quarter 2008 tender of certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding notes, a $29.3 million foreign exchange gain on translating short-term intercompany notes, an $8.0 million dividend received, partially offset by a $29.8 million loss on the third quarter 2008 tender of certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding notes and a $4.7 million impairment of our investment in a radio partnership and $0.9 million of various other items.

Other income of $5.3 million in 2007 primarily relates to a foreign exchange gain on translating short-term intercompany notes.

Equity in Earnings of Non-consolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates increased $64.8 million in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily from a $75.6 million gain recognized in the first quarter 2008 on the sale of Clear Channel’s 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent, a South African outdoor advertising company. We also recognized a gain of $9.2 million on the disposition of 20% of Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones. These gains were partially offset by a $9.0 million impairment charge to one of our international outdoor equity method investments and declines in equity in income from our investments in certain international radio broadcasting companies as well as the loss of equity in earnings from the disposition of Clear Channel Independent.

Income Taxes

Current tax expense for 2008 decreased $302.4 million compared to 2007 primarily due to a decrease in “income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations” of $1.2 billion which excludes the non-tax deductible impairment charge of $5.3 billion recorded in 2008. In addition, current tax benefits of approximately $74.6 million were recorded during 2008 related to the termination of Clear Channel’s cross currency swap. Also, we recognized additional tax depreciation deductions as a result of the bonus depreciation provisions enacted as part of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008. These current tax benefits were partially offset by additional current tax expense recorded in 2008 related to currently non deductible transaction costs as a result of the merger.

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased to 10.2% as compared to 34.4% for the year ended December 31, 2007, primarily due to the impairment charge that resulted in a $5.3 billion decrease in “income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations” and tax benefits of approximately $648.2 million. Partially offsetting this decrease to the effective rate were tax benefits recorded as a result of the release of valuation allowances on the capital loss carryforwards that were used to offset the taxable gain from the disposition of Clear Channel’s investment in AMT and Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones. Additionally, Clear Channel sold its 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent in 2008, which was structured as a tax free disposition. The sale resulted in a gain of $75.6 million with no current tax expense. Further, in 2008 valuation allowances were recorded on certain net operating losses generated during the period that were not able to be carried back to prior years. Due to the lack of earnings history as a merged company and limitations on net operating loss carryback claims allowed, the Company cannot rely on future earnings and carryback claims as a means to realize deferred tax assets which may arise as a result of future period net operating losses. Pursuant to the provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, deferred tax valuation allowances would be required on those deferred tax assets.

For the year ended December 31, 2008, deferred tax expense decreased $662.8 million as compared to 2007 primarily due to the impairment charge recorded in 2008 related to the tax deductible intangibles. This decrease was partially offset by increases in deferred tax expense in 2008 related to recording of valuation allowances on certain net operating losses as well as the termination of the cross currency swap and the additional tax depreciation deductions as a result of the bonus depreciation provisions enacted as part of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 mentioned above.

Minority Interest, Net of Tax

The decline in minority interest expense of $30.4 million in 2008 compared to 2007 relates to the decline for the same period in net income of our subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.

Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations of $638.4 million recorded during 2008 primarily relates to a gain of $631.9 million, net of tax, related to the sale of our television business and radio stations.

Radio Broadcasting Results of Operations

Our radio broadcasting operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,
	2008		2007			% Change
(In thousands)	Combined		Pre-merger		2008 v. 2007
Revenue	$	3,293,874	$	3,558,534			(7	%)
Direct operating expenses		979,324		982,966			(0	%)
Selling, general and administrative expense		1,182,607		1,190,083			(1	%)
Depreciation and amortization		152,822		107,466			42	%

Operating income	$	979,121	$	1,278,019			(23	%)

Our radio broadcasting revenue declined approximately $264.7 million during 2008 compared to 2007, with approximately 43% of the decline occurring during the fourth quarter. Our local revenues were down $205.6 million in 2008 compared to 2007. National revenues declined as well. Both local and national revenues were down as a result of overall weakness in advertising. Our radio revenue experienced declines across advertising categories including automotive, retail and entertainment advertising categories. For the year ended December 31, 2008, our total minutes sold and average minute rate declined compared to 2007.

Direct operating expenses declined approximately $3.6 million. Decreases in programming expenses of approximately $21.2 million from our radio markets were partially offset by an increase in programming expenses of approximately $16.3 million in our national syndication business. The increase in programming expenses in our national syndication business was mostly related to contract talent payments. SG&A expenses decreased approximately $7.5 million primarily from reduced marketing and promotional expenses and a decline in commission expenses associated with the revenue decline. Partially offsetting the decline in SG&A was an increase in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan of approximately $32.6 million and an increase in bad debt expense of approximately $17.3 million.

Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $45.4 million mostly as a result of additional amortization associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired intangible assets.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,
	2008		2007			% Change
(In thousands)	Combined		Pre-merger		2008 v. 2007
Revenue	$	1,430,258	$	1,485,058			(4	%)
Direct operating expenses		647,526		590,563			10	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		252,889		226,448			12	%
Depreciation and amortization		207,633		189,853			9	%

Operating income	$	322,210	$	478,194			(33	%)

Revenue decreased approximately $54.8 million during 2008 compared to 2007, with the entire decline occurring in the fourth quarter. Driving the decline was approximately $87.4 million attributable to poster and bulletin revenues associated with cancellations and non-renewals from major national advertisers, partially offset by an increase of $46.2 million in airport revenues, digital display revenues and street furniture revenues. Also impacting the decline in bulletin revenue was decreased occupancy while the decline in poster revenue was affected by a decrease in both occupancy and rate. The increase in airport and street furniture revenues was primarily driven by new contracts while digital display revenue growth was primarily the result of an increase in the number of digital displays. Other miscellaneous revenues also declined approximately $13.6 million.

Our Americas direct operating expenses increased $57.0 million primarily from higher site lease expenses of $45.2 million primarily attributable to new taxi, airport and street furniture contracts and an increase of $2.4 million in severance. Our SG&A expenses increased $26.4 million largely from increased bad debt expense of $15.5 million and an increase of $4.5 million in severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan.

Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $17.8 million mostly as a result of $6.6 million related to additional depreciation and amortization associated with preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets and $11.3 million of accelerated depreciation from billboards that were removed.

International Outdoor Results of Operations

Our international operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,
	2008		2007		% Change
(In thousands)	Combined		Pre-merger		2008 v. 2007
Revenue	$	1,859,029	$	1,796,778		3	%
Direct operating expenses		1,234,610		1,144,282		8	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		353,481		311,546		13	%
Depreciation and amortization		264,717		209,630		26	%

Operating income	$	6,221	$	131,320		(95	%)

Revenue increased approximately $62.3 million, with roughly $60.4 million from movements in foreign exchange. The remaining revenue growth was primarily attributable to growth in China, Turkey and Romania, partially offset by revenue declines in France and the United Kingdom. China and Turkey benefited from strong advertising environments. We acquired operations in Romania at the end of the second quarter of 2007, which also contributed to revenue growth in 2008. The decline in France was primarily driven by the loss of a contract to advertise on railways and the decline in the United Kingdom was primarily driven by weak advertising demand.

During the fourth quarter of 2008, revenue declined approximately $88.6 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2007, of which approximately $51.8 million was attributable to movements in foreign exchange and the remainder primarily the result of a decline in advertising demand.

Direct operating expenses increased $90.3 million. Included in the increase is approximately $39.5 million related to movements in foreign exchange. The remaining increase in direct operating expenses was driven by an increase in site lease expenses. SG&A expenses increased $41.9 million in 2008 over 2007 with approximately $11.2 million related to movements in foreign exchange and $20.1 million related to severance in 2008 associated with our restructuring plan.

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $55.1 million with $18.8 million related to additional depreciation and amortization associated with the preliminary purchase accounting adjustments to the acquired assets, approximately $18.0 million related to an increase in accelerated depreciation from billboards to be removed, approximately $11.3 million related to impaired advertising display contracts and $4.9 million related to an increase from movements in foreign exchange.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss)


	Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2008			2007
Radio Broadcasting	$	979,121		$	1,278,019
Americas Outdoor Advertising		322,210			478,194
International Outdoor Advertising		6,221			131,320
Other		(31,419	)		(11,659	)
Impairment charge		(5,268,858	)		—
Other operating income — net		28,032			14,113
Merger expenses		(155,769	)		(6,762	)
Corporate		(245,915	)		(197,746	)

Consolidated operating income	$	(4,366,377	)	$	1,685,479

THE COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 IS AS FOLLOWS:


	Years Ended December 31,					% Change
(In thousands)	2007		2006			2007 v. 2006
Revenue	$	6,921,202	$	6,567,790			5	%
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		2,733,004		2,532,444			8	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		1,761,939		1,708,957			3	%
Depreciation and amortization		566,627		600,294			(6	%)
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		181,504		196,319			(8	%)
Merger expenses		6,762		7,633
Other operating income — net		14,113		71,571

Operating income		1,685,479		1,593,714			6	%
Interest expense		451,870		484,063
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		6,742		2,306
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		35,176		37,845
Other income (expense) — net		5,326		(8,593	)

Income before income taxes, minority interest expense and discontinued operations		1,280,853		1,141,209
Income tax expense:
Current		252,910		278,663
Deferred		188,238		191,780

Income tax expense		441,148		470,443
Minority interest expense, net of tax		47,031		31,927

Income before discontinued operations		792,674		638,839
Income from discontinued operations, net		145,833		52,678

Net income	$	938,507	$	691,517

Consolidated Results of Operations

Revenue

Our consolidated revenue increased $353.4 million during 2007 compared to 2006. Our International revenue increased $240.4 million, including approximately $133.3 million related to movements in foreign exchange and the remainder associated with growth across inventory categories. Our Americas revenue increased $143.7 million driven by increases in bulletin, street furniture, airports and taxi display revenues as well as $32.1 million from Interspace. Our radio revenue was essentially flat. Declines in local and national advertising revenue were partially offset by an increase in our syndicated radio programming, traffic and on-line businesses. These increases were also partially offset by declines from operations classified in our “other” segment.

Direct Operating Expenses

Our direct operating expenses increased $200.6 million in 2007 compared to 2006. International direct operating expenses increased $163.8 million principally from $88.0 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Americas direct operating expenses increased $56.2 million primarily attributable to increased site lease expenses associated with new contracts and the increase in transit revenue as well as approximately $14.9 million from Interspace. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in our radio direct operating expenses of approximately $11.7 million primarily from a decline in programming and expenses associated with non-traditional revenue.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)

Our SG&A increased $53.0 million in 2007 compared to 2006. International SG&A expenses increased $31.9 million primarily related to movements in foreign exchange. Americas SG&A expenses increased $19.1 million mostly attributable to sales expenses associated with the increase in revenue and $6.7 million from Interspace. Our radio SG&A expenses increased $4.3 million for the comparative periods primarily from an increase in our marketing and promotions department which was partially offset by a decline in bonus and commission expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased approximately $33.7 million primarily from a decrease in the radio segments fixed assets and a reduction in amortization from international outdoor contracts.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses decreased $14.8 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily related to a decline in radio bonus expenses.

Merger Expenses

We entered into the Merger Agreement, as amended, in the fourth quarter of 2006. Expenses associated with the merger were $6.8 million and $7.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and include accounting, investment banking, legal and other expenses.

Other Operating Income — Net

Other operating income — net of $14.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 related primarily to $8.9 million gain from the sale of street furniture assets and land in our international outdoor segment as well as $3.4 million from the disposition of assets in our radio segment.

Other operating income — net of $71.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 mostly related to $34.6 million in our radio segment primarily from the sale of stations and programming rights and $13.2 million in our Americas outdoor segment from the exchange of assets in one of our markets for the assets of a third party located in a different market.

Interest Expense

Interest expense declined $32.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the same period of 2006. The decline was primarily associated with the reduction in our average outstanding debt during 2007.

Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities

The $6.7 million gain on marketable securities for 2007 primarily related to changes in fair value of our American Tower Corporation, or AMT, shares and the related forward exchange contracts. The gain of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 related to a $3.8 million gain from terminating our secured forward exchange contract associated with our investment in XM Satellite Radio Holdings, Inc. partially offset by a loss of $1.5 million from the change in fair value of AMT securities that are classified as trading and the related secured forward exchange contracts associated with those securities.

Other Income (Expense) — Net

Other income of $5.3 million recorded in 2007 primarily relates to foreign exchange gains while other expense of $8.6 million recorded in 2006 primarily relates to foreign exchange losses.

Income Taxes

Current tax expense decreased $25.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to current tax benefits of approximately $45.7 million recorded in 2007 related to the settlement of several tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service for the 1999 through 2004 tax years. In addition, we recorded current tax benefits of approximately $14.6 million in 2007 related to the utilization of capital loss carryforwards. The 2007 current tax benefits were partially offset by additional current tax expense due to an increase in Income before income taxes of $139.6 million.

Deferred tax expense decreased $3.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year

ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to additional deferred tax benefits of approximately $8.3 million recorded in 2007 related to accrued interest and state tax expense on uncertain tax positions. In addition, we recorded deferred tax expense of approximately $16.7 million in 2006 related to the uncertainty of our ability to utilize certain tax losses in the future for certain international operations. The changes noted above were partially offset by additional deferred tax expense recorded in 2007 as a result of tax depreciation expense related to capital expenditures in certain foreign jurisdictions.

Minority Interest, Net of Tax

Minority interest expense increased $15.1 million in 2007 compared to 2006 primarily from an increase in net income attributable to our subsidiary Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc.

Discontinued Operations

We closed on the sale of 160 stations in 2007 and 5 stations in 2006. The gain on sale of assets recorded in discontinued operations for these sales was $144.6 million and $0.3 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The remaining $1.2 million and $52.4 million are associated with the net income from radio stations and our television business that are recorded as income from discontinued operations for 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Radio Broadcasting Results of Operations

Our radio broadcasting operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,				% Change
(In thousands)	2007		2006		2007 v. 2006
Revenue	$	3,558,534	$	3,567,413		0	%
Direct operating expenses		982,966		994,686		(1	%)
Selling, general and administrative expense		1,190,083		1,185,770		0	%
Depreciation and amortization		107,466		125,631		(14	%)

Operating income	$	1,278,019	$	1,261,326		1	%

Our radio revenue was essentially flat. Declines in local and national revenues were partially offset by increases in network, traffic, syndicated radio and on-line revenues. Local and national revenues were down partially as a result of overall weakness in advertising as well as declines in automotive, retail and political advertising categories. During 2007, our average minute rate declined compared to 2006.

Our radio broadcasting direct operating expenses declined approximately $11.7 million in 2007 compared to 2006. The decline was primarily from a $14.8 million decline in programming expenses partially related to salaries, a $16.5 million decline in non-traditional expenses primarily related to fewer concert events sponsored by us in the current year and $5.1 million in other direct operating expenses. Partially offsetting these declines were increases of $5.7 million in traffic expenses and $19.1 million in internet expenses associated with the increased revenues in these businesses. SG&A expenses increased $4.3 million during 2007 as compared to 2006 primarily from an increase of $16.2 million in our marketing and promotions department partially offset by a decline of $9.5 million in bonus and commission expenses.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,				% Change
(In thousands)	2007		2006		2007 v. 2006
Revenue	$	1,485,058	$	1,341,356		11	%
Direct operating expenses		590,563		534,365		11	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		226,448		207,326		9	%
Depreciation and amortization		189,853		178,970		6	%

Operating income	$	478,194	$	420,695		14	%

Americas revenue increased $143.7 million, or 11%, during 2007 as compared to 2006 with Interspace contributing approximately $32.1 million to the increase. The growth occurred across our inventory, including bulletins, street furniture, airports and taxi displays. The revenue growth was primarily driven by bulletin revenue attributable to increased rates and airport revenue which had both increased rates and occupancy. Leading advertising categories during the year were telecommunications, retail, automotive, financial services and amusements. Revenue growth occurred across our markets, led by Los Angeles, New York, Washington/Baltimore, Atlanta, Boston, Seattle and

Minneapolis.

Our Americas direct operating expenses increased $56.2 million primarily from an increase of $46.6 million in site lease expenses associated with new contracts and the increase in airport, street furniture and taxi revenues. Interspace contributed $14.9 million to the increase. Our SG&A expenses increased $19.1 million primarily from bonus and commission expenses associated with the increase in revenue and from Interspace, which contributed approximately $6.7 million to the increase.

Depreciation and amortization increased $10.9 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily associated with $5.9 million from Interspace.

International Outdoor Results of Operations

Our international operating results were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,					% Change
(In thousands)	2007		2006		2007 v. 2006
Revenue	$	1,796,778	$	1,556,365			15	%
Direct operating expenses		1,144,282		980,477			17	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		311,546		279,668			11	%
Depreciation and amortization		209,630		228,760			(8	%)

Operating income	$	131,320	$	67,460			95	%

International revenue increased $240.4 million, or 15%, in 2007 as compared to 2006. Included in the increase was approximately $133.3 million related to movements in foreign exchange. Revenue growth occurred across inventory categories including billboards, street furniture and transit, driven by both increased rates and occupancy. Growth was led by increased revenues in France, Italy, Australia, Spain and China.

Our international direct operating expenses increased approximately $163.8 million in 2007 compared to 2006. Included in the increase was approximately $88.0 million related to movements in foreign exchange. The remaining increase in direct operating expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in site lease expenses associated with the increase in revenue. SG&A expenses increased $31.9 million in 2007 over 2006 from approximately $23.4 million related to movements in foreign exchange and an increase in selling expenses associated with the increase in revenue. Additionally, we recorded a $9.8 million reduction to SG&A in 2006 as a result of the favorable settlement of a legal proceeding.

Depreciation and amortization declined $19.1 million during 2007 compared to 2006 primarily from contracts which were recorded at fair value in purchase accounting in prior years and became fully amortized at December 31, 2006.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss)


	Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2007			2006
Radio Broadcasting	$	1,278,019		$	1,261,326
Americas Outdoor Advertising		478,194			420,695
International Outdoor Advertising		131,320			67,460
Other		(11,659	)		(4,225	)
Other operating income — net		14,113			71,571
Merger expenses		(6,762	)		(7,633	)
Corporate		(197,746	)		(215,480	)

Consolidated operating income	$	1,685,479		$	1,593,714

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flows


				Period from July 31			Period from January
				through December 31,			1 to July 30,			Years ended December 31,
	2008			2008			2008			2007			2006
(In thousands)	Combined			Post-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	1,281,284		$	246,026		$	1,035,258		$	1,576,428		$	1,748,057
Investing activities	$	(18,127,954	)	$	(17,711,703	)	$	(416,251	)	$	(482,677	)	$	(607,011	)
Financing activities	$	15,907,798		$	17,554,739		$	(1,646,941	)	$	(1,431,014	)	$	(1,178,610	)
Discontinued operations	$	1,033,570		$	2,429		$	1,031,141		$	366,411		$	69,227

Operating Activities

2008

Net cash flow from operating activities for 2008 primarily reflects a loss before discontinued operations of $4.6 billion plus a non-cash impairment charge of $5.3 billion, depreciation and amortization of $696.8 million, the amortization of deferred financing charges of approximately $106.4 million, and share-based compensation of $78.6 million, partially offset by a deferred tax benefit of $474.6 million.

2007

Net cash flow from operating activities during 2007 primarily reflected income before discontinued operations of $792.7 million plus depreciation and amortization of $566.6 million and deferred taxes of $188.2 million.

2006

Net cash flow from operating activities of $1.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects net income from continuing operations of $638.8 million and depreciation and amortization of $600.3 million. Net cash flows from operating activities also reflects an increase of $190.2 million in accounts receivable as a result of the increase in revenue and a $390.4 million federal income tax refund related to restructuring our international businesses consistent with our strategic realignment and the utilization of a portion of the capital loss generated on the spin-off of Live Nation, Inc.

Investing Activities

2008

Net cash used in investing activities during 2008 principally reflects cash used in the acquisition of Clear Channel of $17.5 billion and the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $430.5 million.

2007

Net cash used in investing activities of $482.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 principally reflects the purchase of property, plant and equipment of $363.3 million.

2006

Net cash used in investing activities of $607.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects capital expenditures of $336.7 million related to purchases of property, plant and equipment and $341.2 million primarily related to acquisitions of operating assets, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of other assets of $99.7 million.

Financing Activities

2008

Net cash used in financing activities for 2008 principally reflected $15.4 billion in debt proceeds used to finance the acquisition of Clear Channel, an equity contribution of $2.1 billion used to finance the acquisition of Clear Channel, $1.9 billion primarily for the redemptions of certain of our subsidiaries’ notes and $93.4 million in dividends paid.

2007

Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 principally reflects $372.4 million in dividend payments, decrease in debt of $1.1 billion, partially offset by the proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $80.0 million.

2006

Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 principally reflects $1.4 billion for shares repurchased, $382.8 million in dividend payments, partially offset by the net increase in debt of $601.3 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $57.4 million.

Discontinued Operations

During 2008, we completed the sale of our television business to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion and completed the sales of certain radio stations for $110.5 million. The cash received from these sales was recorded as a component of cash flows from discontinued operations during 2008.

The proceeds from the sale of five stations in 2006 and 160 stations in 2007 are classified as cash flows from discontinued operations in 2006 and 2007 respectively. Additionally, the cash flows from these stations are classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented.

Anticipated Cash Requirements

Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations, which has been adversely affected by the global economic slowdown. The risks associated with our businesses become more acute in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. The current global economic slowdown has resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing services among our customers, resulting in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of the global economic slowdown may continue to adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.

Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash flow from operations as well as cash on hand (including amounts drawn or available under our senior secured credit facilities) will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. While there is no assurance in the current economic environment, we believe the lenders participating in our credit agreements will be willing and able to provide financing in accordance with the terms of their agreements. In this regard, on February 6, 2009 we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility to improve our liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. We expect to refinance our $500.0 million 4.25% notes due May 15, 2009 with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that is specifically designated for this purpose. The remaining $69.5 million of indebtedness maturing in 2009 will either be refinanced or repaid with cash flow from operations or on hand.

We expect to be in compliance with the covenants under our senior secured credit facilities in 2009. However, our anticipated results are subject to significant uncertainty and there can be no assurance that actual results will be in compliance with the covenants. In addition, our ability to comply with the covenants in our financing agreements may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in our financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under our senior secured credit facilities

would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If we are unable to repay our obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of our financing agreements could cause a default under other of our obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.

Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt service and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants under our financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash flow, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. Consequently, there can be no assurance that such financing, if permitted under the terms of our financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing in such circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet our obligations.

Sources of Capital

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had the following indebtedness outstanding:


	Post-merger		Pre-merger
	December 31,		December 31,
(In millions)	2008		2007
Term Loan A	$	1,331.5		—
Term Loan B		10,700.0		—
Term Loan C		695.9		—
Delayed Draw Facility		532.5		—
Receivables Based Facility		445.6		—
Revolving Credit Facility ^(a)		220.0		—
Secured Subsidiary Debt		6.6		8.3

Total Secured Debt		13,932.1		8.3
Senior Cash Pay Notes		980.0		—
Senior Toggle Notes		1,330.0		—
Clear Channel $1.75 billion credit facility		—		174.6
Clear Channel Senior Notes ^(b)		3,192.3		5,646.4
Clear Channel Subsidiary Debt ^(c)		69.3		745.9

Total Debt		19,503.7		6,575.2
Less: Cash and cash equivalents		239.8		145.1

	$	19,263.9	$	6,430.1


(a)		Subsequent to December 31, 2008, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under this facility.

(b)		Includes $1.1 billion at December 31, 2008 in unamortized fair value purchase accounting discounts related to our merger with Clear Channel. Includes $11.4 million increase related to fair value adjustments for interest rate swap agreements and $15.0 million decrease related to original issue discounts at December 31, 2007.

(c)		Includes $3.2 million at December 31, 2007 in unamortized fair value purchase accounting adjustment premiums related to Clear Channel’s merger with AMFM.

We may utilize available funds for general working capital purposes including funding capital expenditures and acquisitions. We may also from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt or equity securities or

obligations through cash purchases, prepayments and/or exchanges for debt or equity securities or obligations, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such uses, repurchases, prepayments or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Indebtedness Incurred in Connection with the Merger

The following is a summary of the terms of our indebtedness incurred in connection with the merger:

	•		a $1.33 billion term loan A facility, with a maturity in July 2014;

	•		a $10.7 billion term loan B facility with a maturity in January 2016;

	•		a $695.9 million term loan C — asset sale facility, with a maturity in January 2016;

	•		a $750.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 which may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 7.65% senior notes due 2010, of which $532.5 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008;

	•		a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.25% senior notes due 2009, of which none was drawn as of December 31, 2008;

	•		a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility with a maturity in July 2014, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility. As of February 27, 2009, the outstanding balance on this facility was $1.8 billion and, taking into account letters of credit of $171.9 million, $18.1 million was available to be drawn;

	•		a $783.5 million receivables based credit facility with a maturity in July 2014 providing revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the merger closing date plus $250 million, subject to a borrowing base, of which $445.6 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008, which was the maximum available under the borrowing base. As of February 27, 2009, the outstanding balance on this facility had declined to $365.5 million which was the maximum available under the borrowing base; and

	•		$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and $1.33 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016.

Each of the proceeding obligations are between Clear Channel, our wholly owned subsidiary, and each lender from time to time party to the credit agreements or senior cash pay and senior toggle notes. The following references to “our”, us” or “we” in the discussion of the credit agreements, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes are in respect to Clear Channel’s obligations under the credit agreements, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

Borrowings under the senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent and (B) the federal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentages applicable to the term loan facilities and revolving credit facility are the following percentages per annum:

	•		with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1; and

	•		with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65%, in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

We are required to pay each revolving credit lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the revolving credit facility, which is 0.50% per annum. We are required to pay each delayed draw term facility lender a commitment fee in respect of any undrawn commitments under the delayed draw term facilities, which initially is 1.825% per annum until the delayed draw term facilities are fully drawn or commitments thereunder terminated.

The senior secured credit facilities require us to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

	•		50% (which percentage will be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon our leverage ratio) of our annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;

	•		100% (which percentage will be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon our leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by us or our wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries (including casualty and condemnation events) of assets other than specified assets subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and

	•		100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under the senior secured credit facilities.

The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of certain incurrences of debt and annual excess cash flow will be applied (i) first to the term loans other than the term loan C — asset sale facility loans (on a pro rata basis) and (ii) second to the term loan C — asset sale facility loans, in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity. The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of the sale of assets (including casualty and condemnation events) will be applied (i) first to the term loan C — asset sale facility loans and (ii) second to the other term loans (on a pro rata basis), in each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity.

We may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under our senior secured credit facilities at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

We are required to repay the loans under our term loan facilities as follows:

	•		the term loan A facility will amortize in quarterly installments commencing on the first interest payment date after the second anniversary of the closing date of the merger in annual amounts equal to 5% of the original funded principal amount of such facility in years three and four, 10% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans; and

	•		the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities will amortize in quarterly installments on the first interest payment date after the third anniversary of the closing date of the merger, in annual amounts equal to 2.5% of the original funded principal amount of such facilities in years four and five and 1% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans.

The senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by each of our existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions, by:

	•		a first-priority lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;

	•		100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;

	•		certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);

	•		certain assets that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and

	•		a second-priority lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility.

The obligations of any foreign subsidiaries that are borrowers under the revolving credit facility will also be guaranteed by certain of their material wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries, and secured by substantially all assets of all such borrowers and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions.

The senior secured credit facilities require us to comply on a quarterly basis with a maximum consolidated senior secured net debt to adjusted EBITDA (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities) ratio. This financial covenant becomes effective on March 31, 2009 (maximum of 9.5:1) and will become more restrictive over time beginning in the second quarter of 2013. Secured leverage, defined as secured debt, net of cash, divided by the trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA was 6.4:1 at December 31, 2008. Our consolidated EBITDA is calculated as the trailing twelve months operating income before depreciation, amortization, impairment charge, non-cash

compensation, other operating income — net and merger expenses of $1.8 billion adjusted for certain items, including: (i) an increase for expected cost savings (limited to $100.0 million in any twelve month period) of $100.0 million; (ii) an increase of $43.1 million for cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; (iii) an increase of $17.0 million for non-cash items; (iv) an increase of $95.9 million related to expenses incurred associated with our restructuring program; and (v) an increase of $82.4 million of various other items.

In addition, the senior secured credit facilities include negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

	•		incur additional indebtedness;

	•		create liens on assets;

	•		engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

	•		sell assets;

	•		pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock;

	•		make investments, loans, or advances;

	•		prepay certain junior indebtedness;

	•		engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

	•		amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

	•		change our lines of business.

The senior secured credit facilities include certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, the invalidity of material provisions of the senior secured credit facilities documentation, the failure of collateral under the security documents for the senior secured credit facilities, the failure of the senior secured credit facilities to be senior debt under the subordination provisions of certain of our subordinated debt and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under the senior secured credit facilities and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Receivables Based Credit Facility

The receivables based credit facility of $783.5 million provides revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the closing date plus $250 million, subject to a borrowing base. The borrowing base at any time equals 85% of our and certain of our subsidiaries’ eligible accounts receivable. The receivables based credit facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

All borrowings under the receivables based credit facility are subject to the absence of any default, the accuracy of representations and warranties and compliance with the borrowing base. If at any time, borrowings, excluding the initial borrowing, under the receivables based credit facility following the closing date will be subject to compliance with a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0:1.0 if excess availability under the receivables based credit facility is less than $50 million, or if aggregate excess availability under the receivables based credit facility and revolving credit facility is less than 10% of the borrowing base.

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent and (B) the federal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentage applicable to the receivables based credit facility which is (i) 1.40%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 2.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

We are required to pay each lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the receivables based credit facility, which is 0.375% per annum subject to downward adjustments if our leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 6 to 1.

If at any time the sum of the outstanding amounts under the receivables based credit facility (including the letter of credit outstanding amounts and swingline loans thereunder) exceeds the lesser of (i) the borrowing base and (ii) the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, we will be required to repay outstanding loans and cash collateralize letters of credit in an aggregate amount equal to such excess.

We may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the receivables based credit facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

The receivables based credit facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of the senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of our and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, subject to permitted liens and certain exceptions.

The receivables based credit facility includes negative covenants, representations, warranties, events of default, conditions precedent and termination provisions substantially similar to those governing our senior secured credit facilities.

Senior Notes

We have outstanding $980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 (the “senior cash pay notes”) and $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016 (the “senior toggle notes” and, together with the senior cash pay notes, the “notes”).

The senior toggle notes mature on August 1, 2016 and may require a special redemption on August 1, 2015. We may elect on each interest election date to pay all or 50% of such interest on the senior toggle notes in cash or by increasing the principal amount of the senior toggle notes or by issuing new senior toggle notes (such increase or issuance, “PIK Interest”). Interest on the senior toggle notes payable in cash will accrue at a rate of 11.00% per annum and PIK Interest will accrue at a rate of 11.75% per annum.

On January 15, 2009, we made a permitted election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay interest under the senior toggle notes for the semi-annual interest period commencing February 1, 2009 entirely in kind (“PIK Interest”). For subsequent interest periods, no later than 10 business days prior to the beginning of such interest period, we must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the election for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result, the PIK Interest election is now the default election for future interest periods unless and until we elect otherwise.

We may redeem some or all of the notes at any time prior to August 1, 2012 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date and a “make-whole premium,” as described in the notes. We may redeem some or all of the notes at any time on or after August 1, 2012 at the redemption prices set forth in notes. In addition, we may redeem up to 40% of any series of the outstanding notes at any time on or prior to August 1, 2011 with the net cash proceeds raised in one or more equity offerings. If we undergo a change of control, sells certain of our assets, or issue certain debt offerings, we may be required to offer to purchase notes from holders.

The notes are senior unsecured debt and rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior debt. Guarantors of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and the receivables based credit facility guarantee the notes with unconditional guarantees that are unsecured and equal in right of payment to all existing and future senior debt of such guarantors, except that the guarantees are subordinated in right of payment only to the guarantees of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and the receivables based credit facility. In addition, the notes and the guarantees are structurally senior to Clear Channel’s senior notes and existing and future debt to the extent that such debt is not guaranteed by the guarantors of the notes. The notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the existing and future secured debt and that of the guarantors to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to all obligations of subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes.

Clear Channel Credit Facility

Clear Channel had a multi-currency revolving credit facility in the amount of $1.75 billion. This facility was terminated in connection with the closing of the merger.

Dispositions and Other

Clear Channel received proceeds of $110.5 million related to the sale of radio stations recorded as investing cash flows from discontinued operations and recorded a gain of $28.8 million as a component of “income from discontinued operations, net” during 2008. Clear Channel received proceeds of $1.0 billion related to the sale of its television business recorded as investing cash flows from discontinued operations and recorded a gain of $662.9 million as a component of “income from discontinued operations, net” during 2008.

In addition, Clear Channel sold its 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent and recognized a gain of $75.6 million in “Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” based on the fair value of the equity securities received in the pre-merger period.

Clear Channel sold a portion of its investment in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $47.0 million on July 1, 2008 and recorded a gain of $9.2 million in equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates. Effective January 20, 2009 we sold 57% of our remaining 20% interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $23.5 million and recorded a loss of approximately $2.2 million.

Uses of Capital

Dividends

Clear Channel declared a $93.4 million dividend on December 3, 2007 payable to shareholders of record on December 31, 2007 and paid on January 15, 2008.

We currently do not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of our common stock. Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, which in turn affects our ability to pay dividends.

Tender Offers

On August 7, 2008, Clear Channel announced that it commenced a cash tender offer and consent solicitation for the outstanding $750.0 million principal amount of 7.65% senior notes due 2010. The tender offer and consent payment expired on September 9, 2008. The aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $363.9 million.

Clear Channel also announced on November 24, 2008 that its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, CC Finco, LLC, commenced cash tender offers for Clear Channel’s outstanding 6.25% Senior Notes due 2011 (“6.25 Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.40% Senior Notes due 2011 (“4.40% Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.00% Senior Notes due 2012 (“5.00% Notes”) and Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.75% Senior Notes due 2013 (“5.75% Notes”). The tender offers and consent payments expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amounts of the 6.25% Notes, 4.40% Notes, 5.00% Notes and 5.75% Notes validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the tender offers was $27.1 million, $26.7 million, $24.2 million and $24.3 million, respectively, and CC Finco, LLC purchased and currently holds such tendered notes.

Debt Maturities and Other

On January 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 4.625% senior notes at their maturity for $500.0 million plus accrued interest with proceeds from its bank credit facility.

On June 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 6.625% senior notes at their maturity for $125.0 million with available cash on hand.

Clear Channel terminated its cross currency swaps on July 30, 2008 by paying the counterparty $196.2 million from available cash on hand.

Clear Channel repurchased $639.2 million aggregate principal amount of the AMFM Operating Inc. 8% senior notes pursuant to a tender offer and consent solicitation in connection with the merger. The remaining 8% senior notes were redeemed at maturity on November 1, 2008.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures, on a combined basis for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $430.5 million. Capital expenditures were $363.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2007.


	Combined Year Ended December 31, 2008 Capital Expenditures
			Americas		International
			Outdoor		Outdoor		Corporate and
(In millions)	Radio		Advertising		Advertising		Other		Total

Non-revenue producing	$	61.5	$	40.5	$	44.9	$	10.7	$	157.6
Revenue producing		—		135.3		137.6		—		272.9

	$	61.5	$	175.8	$	182.5	$	10.7	$	430.5

Acquisitions

We acquired FCC licenses in our radio segment for $11.7 million in cash during 2008. We acquired outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $96.5 million in cash during 2008. Our national representation business acquired representation contracts for $68.9 million in cash during 2008.

Certain Relationships with the Sponsors

In connection with the merger, we paid certain affiliates of the Sponsors $87.5 million in fees and expenses for financial and structural advice and analysis, assistance with due diligence investigations and debt financing negotiations and $15.9 million for reimbursement of escrow and other out-of-pocket expenses. This amount was preliminarily allocated between merger expenses, debt issuance costs or included in the overall purchase price of the merger.

We have agreements with certain affiliates of the Sponsors pursuant to which such affiliates of the Sponsors will provide management and financial advisory services to us until 2018. The agreements require us to pay management fees to such affiliates of the Sponsors for such services at a rate not greater than $15.0 million per year, with any additional fees subject to approval by our board of directors. For the post-merger period of 2008, we recognized Sponsors’ management fees of $6.3 million.

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

There are various lawsuits and claims pending against us. Based on current assumptions, we have accrued an estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims. Future results of operations could be materially affected by changes in these assumptions.

Certain agreements relating to acquisitions provide for purchase price adjustments and other future contingent payments based on the financial performance of the acquired companies generally over a one to five year period. We will continue to accrue additional amounts related to such contingent payments if and when it is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets are met, would not significantly impact our financial position or results of operations.

In addition to our scheduled maturities on our debt, we have future cash obligations under various types of contracts. We lease office space, certain broadcast facilities, equipment and the majority of the land occupied by our outdoor advertising structures under long-term operating leases. Some of our lease agreements contain renewal options and annual rental escalation clauses (generally tied to the consumer price index), as well as provisions for our payment of utilities and maintenance.

We have minimum franchise payments associated with non-cancelable contracts that enable us to display advertising on such media as buses, taxis, trains, bus shelters and terminals. The majority of these contracts contain rent provisions that are calculated as the greater of a percentage of the relevant advertising revenue or a specified guaranteed minimum annual payment. Also, we have non-cancelable contracts in our radio broadcasting operations related to program rights and music license fees.

In the normal course of business, our broadcasting operations have minimum future payments associated with employee and talent contracts. These contracts typically contain cancellation provisions that allow us to cancel the contract with good cause.

The scheduled maturities of our senior secured credit facilities, receivables based facility, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes, other long-term debt outstanding, future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable lease agreements, minimum payments under other non-cancelable contracts, payments under employment/talent contracts, capital expenditure commitments, and other long-term obligations as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:

(In thousands)


	Payments due by Period
Contractual Obligations	Total		2009		2010 -2011		2012-2013		Thereafter
Long-term Debt
Senior Secured Debt	$	13,932,092		677		249,748		745,115		12,936,552
Senior Cash Pay and Senior Toggle Notes ⁽¹⁾		2,310,000		—		—		—		2,310,000
Clear Channel Senior Notes		4,306,440		500,000		1,329,901		751,539		1,725,000
Other Long-term Debt		69,260		68,850		410		—		—
Interest payments on long-term debt ⁽²⁾		9,136,049		1,151,824		2,077,657		1,899,257		4,007,311
Non-Cancelable Operating Leases		2,745,110		383,568		627,884		468,084		1,265,574
Non-Cancelable Contracts		2,648,262		673,900		859,061		471,766		643,535
Employment/Talent Contracts		599,363		196,391		220,040		112,214		70,718
Capital Expenditures		151,663		76,760		62,426		9,336		3,141
Other long-term obligations ⁽³⁾		159,805		—		26,489		9,233		124,083

Total ⁽⁴⁾	$	36,058,044	$	3,051,970	$	5,453,616	$	4,466,544	$	23,085,914


(1)		On January 15, 2009, we made a permitted election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay PIK Interest. For subsequent interest periods, we must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the election for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result, the PIK Interest election is now the default election for future interest periods unless and until we elect otherwise. Therefore, the interest payments on the senior toggle notes assume that the PIK Interest election remains the default election over the term of the notes.

(2)		Interest payments on the senior secured credit facilities, other than the revolving credit facility, assume the obligations are repaid in accordance with the amortization schedule included in the credit agreement and the interest rate is held constant over the remaining term based on the weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 on the senior secured credit facilities.

		Interest payments related to the revolving credit facility assume the balance and interest rate as of December 31, 2008 is held constant over the remaining term. On February 6, 2009, we borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under our $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. Assuming the balance on the facility after the draw on February 6, 2009 and weighted average interest rate are held constant over the remaining term, interest payments would have increased by approximately $60.2 million per year.

		Interest payments on $6.0 billion of the Term Loan B facility are effectively fixed at interest rates between 2.6% and 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum, as a result of an aggregate of $6.0 billion notional amount of interest rate swap agreements.

(3)		Other long-term obligations consist of $55.6 million related to asset retirement obligations recorded pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, which assumes the underlying assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. Also included are $50.8 million of contract payments in our syndicated radio and media representation businesses and $53.4 million of various other long-term obligations.

(4)		Excluded from the table is $423.1 million related to various obligations with no specific contractual commitment or maturity, $267.8 million of which relates to unrecognized tax benefits recorded pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. Approximately $1.0 million of the benefits are recorded as current liabilities.

Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

After the merger a significant amount of our long-term debt bears interest at variable rates. Accordingly, our earnings will be affected by changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2008 we had interest rate swap agreements with a $6.0 billion notional amount that effectively fixes interest at rates between 2.6% and 4.4%, plus applicable margins, per annum. The fair value of these agreements at December 31, 2008 was a liability of $118.8 million. At

December 31, 2008, approximately 39% of our aggregate principal amount of long-term debt, including taking into consideration debt on which we have entered into pay-fixed rate receive floating rate swap agreements, bears interest at floating rates.

Assuming the current level of borrowings and interest rate swap contracts and assuming a 200 basis point change in LIBOR, it is estimated that our interest expense for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 would have changed by approximately $66.0 million.

In the event of an adverse change in interest rates, management may take actions to further mitigate its exposure. However, due to the uncertainty of the actions that would be taken and their possible effects, this interest rate analysis assumes no such actions. Further, the analysis does not consider the effects of the change in the level of overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment.

Equity Price Risk

The carrying value of our available-for-sale equity securities is affected by changes in their quoted market prices. It is estimated that a 20% change in the market prices of these securities would change their carrying value at December 31, 2008 by $5.4 million and would change comprehensive income by $3.2 million. At December 31, 2008, we also held $6.4 million of investments that do not have a quoted market price, but are subject to fluctuations in their value.

Foreign Currency

We have operations in countries throughout the world. Foreign operations are measured in their local currencies except in hyper-inflationary countries in which we operate. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we have operations. We believe we mitigate a small portion of our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations with a natural hedge through borrowings in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Our foreign operations reported a net loss of approximately $135.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. We estimate a 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies would have changed our net income for the year ended December 31, 2008 by approximately $13.5 million.

Our earnings are also affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to foreign currencies as a result of our equity method investments in various countries. It is estimated that the result of a 10% fluctuation in the value of the dollar relative to these foreign currencies at December 31, 2008 would change our equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates by $10.0 million and would change our net income by approximately $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

This analysis does not consider the implications that such fluctuations could have on the overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment in the U.S. or the foreign countries or on the results of operations of these foreign entities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R), Business Combinations (“Statement 141(R)”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 141(R) requires that upon initially obtaining control, an acquirer will recognize 100% of the fair values of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities, with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not acquired 100% of its target. Additionally, contingent consideration arrangements will be fair valued at the acquisition date and included on that basis in the purchase price consideration and transaction costs will be expensed as incurred. Statement 141(R) also modifies the recognition for preacquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and development value in purchase accounting. Statement 141(R) amends Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. Statement 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Adoption is prospective and early adoption is not permitted. We adopted Statement 141(R) on January 1, 2009. Statement 141(R)’s impact on accounting for business combinations is dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions.

reporting of transactions between the reporting entity and holders of such noncontrolling interests. Under Statement 160 noncontrolling interests are considered equity and should be reported as an element of consolidated equity, net income will encompass the total income of all consolidated subsidiaries and there will be separate disclosure on the face of the income statement of the attribution of that income between the controlling and noncontrolling interests, and increases and decreases in the noncontrolling ownership interest amount will be accounted for as equity transactions. Statement 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier application is prohibited. Statement 160 is required to be adopted prospectively, except for reclassifying noncontrolling interests to equity, separate from the parent’s shareholders’ equity, in the consolidated statement of financial position and recasting consolidated net income (loss) to include net income (loss) attributable to both the controlling and noncontrolling interests, both of which are required to be adopted retrospectively. We adopted Statement 160 on January 1, 2009 which resulted in a reclassification of approximately $463.9 million of noncontrolling interests to shareholders’ equity.

On March 19, 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“Statement 161”). Statement 161 requires additional disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items effect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We will adopt the disclosure requirements beginning January 1, 2009.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determining the useful life of recognized intangible assets under FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“Statement 142”). FSP FAS 142-3 removes an entity’s requirement under paragraph 11 of Statement 142 to consider whether an intangible asset can be renewed without substantial cost or material modifications to the existing terms and conditions. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. We adopted FSP FAS 142-3 on January 1, 2009. FSP FAS 142-3’s impact is dependent upon future acquisitions.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Emerging Issues Task Force 03-6-1 Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards with a right to receive nonforfeitable dividends are participating securities. Guidance is also provided on how to allocate earnings to participating securities and compute basic earnings per share using the two-class method. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. We adopted FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1, 2009. We are evaluating the impact FSP EITF 03-6-1 will have on our earnings per share.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates that are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The result of these evaluations forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported amount of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such difference could be material. Our significant accounting policies are discussed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements, included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management believes that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. The following narrative describes these critical accounting estimates, the judgments and assumptions and the effect if actual results differ from these assumptions.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We evaluate the collectability of our accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, we record a specific reserve to reduce the amounts recorded to what we believe will be collected. For all other customers, we recognize reserves for bad debt based on historical experience of bad debts as a percent of revenue for each business unit, adjusted for relative improvements or deteriorations in the agings and changes in current economic conditions.

If our allowance were to change 10%, it is estimated that our 2008 bad debt expense would have changed by $9.7 million and our 2008 net income would have changed by $6.0 million.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangibles are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances indicate that depreciable and amortizable long-lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the cost basis of the asset is reduced to reflect the current fair market value.

We use various assumptions in determining the current fair market value of these assets, including future expected cash flows, industry growth rates and discount rates, as well as future salvage values. Our impairment loss calculations require management to apply judgment in estimating future cash flows, including forecasting useful lives of the assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in future cash flows.

Using the impairment review described, we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $33.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

Indefinite-lived Assets

Indefinite-lived assets are reviewed annually for possible impairment using the direct valuation method as prescribed in SEC Staff Announcement No. D-108, Use of the Residual Method to Value Acquired Assets Other Than Goodwill. Under the direct valuation method, it is assumed that rather than acquiring indefinite-lived intangible assets as a part of a going concern business, the buyer hypothetically obtains indefinite-lived intangible assets and builds a new operation with similar attributes from scratch. Thus, the buyer incurs start-up costs during the build-up phase which are normally associated with going concern value. Initial capital costs are deducted from the discounted cash flows model which results in value that is directly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Our key assumptions using the direct valuation method are market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information representing an average asset within a market.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, or Statement 142, we performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008. The estimated fair value of our FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion in 2008 on our indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits as a result of the impairment test. The United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.

While we believe we had made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonable assumptions to calculate the fair value of our FCC license and permits, it is possible a material change could occur. If our future results are not consistent with our estimates, we could be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations. The following table shows the impact on the fair value of our FCC licenses and billboard permits of a 100 basis point decline in our long-term revenue growth rate, profit margin, and discount rate assumptions, respectively:

(In thousands)


Indefinite-lived intangible	Revenue growth rate			Profit margin			Discount rates
FCC licenses	$	(285,900	)	$	(121,670	)	$	524,900
Billboard permits	$	(508,300	)	$	(84,000	)	$	770,200

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. We review goodwill for potential impairment annually using a discounted cash flow model to

determine the fair value of our reporting units. The fair value of our reporting units is used to apply value to the net assets of each reporting unit. To the extent that the carrying amount of net assets would exceed the fair value, an impairment charge may be required to be recorded.

The discounted cash flow approach we use for valuing goodwill involves estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the related assets, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values were also estimated and discounted to their present value. In accordance with Statement 142, we performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008 on goodwill.

While we believe we had made reasonable estimates and utilized reasonable assumptions to calculate the fair value of our reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If future results are not consistent with our assumptions and estimates, we may be exposed to impairment charges in the future. The following table shows the impact on the fair value of each of our reportable segments of a 100 basis point decline in our long-term revenue growth rate, profit margin, and discount rate assumptions, respectively:


(In thousands)

Reportable segment	Revenue growth rate			Profit margin			Discount rates
Radio Broadcasting	$	(960,000	)	$	(240,000	)	$	1,090,000
Americas Outdoor	$	(380,000	)	$	(90,000	)	$	420,000
International Outdoor	$	(190,000	)	$	(160,000	)	$	90,000

Tax Accruals

The IRS and other taxing authorities routinely examine our tax returns. From time to time, the IRS challenges certain of our tax positions. We believe our tax positions comply with applicable tax law and we would vigorously defend these positions if challenged. The final disposition of any positions challenged by the IRS could require us to make additional tax payments. We believe that we have adequately accrued for any foreseeable payments resulting from tax examinations and consequently do not anticipate any material impact upon their ultimate resolution.

Our estimates of income taxes and the significant items giving rise to the deferred assets and liabilities are shown in the notes to our consolidated financial statements and reflect our assessment of actual future taxes to be paid on items reflected in the financial statements, giving consideration to both timing and probability of these estimates. Actual income taxes could vary from these estimates due to future changes in income tax law or results from the final review of our tax returns by federal, state or foreign tax authorities.

We have considered these potential changes in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes and Financial Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, which requires us to record reserves for estimates of probable settlements of federal and state tax audits.

Litigation Accruals

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, have accrued our estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims.

Management’s estimates used have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies.

It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.

Insurance Accruals

We are currently self-insured beyond certain retention amounts for various insurance coverages, including general liability and property and casualty. Accruals are recorded based on estimates of actual claims filed, historical payouts, existing insurance coverage and projections of future development of costs related to existing claims.

Our self-insured liabilities contain uncertainties because management must make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the ultimate cost to settle reported claims and claims incurred but not reported as of December 31, 2008.

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. A 10% change in our self-insurance liabilities at December 31, 2008, would have affected net income by approximately $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Shared-based Payments

Under the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, stock based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award. For awards that vest based on service conditions, this cost is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For awards that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions, this cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, our results of operations could be materially impacted.

Inflation

Inflation has affected our performance in terms of higher costs for wages, salaries and equipment. Although the exact impact of inflation is indeterminable, we believe we have offset these higher costs by increasing the effective advertising rates of most of our broadcasting stations and outdoor display faces.

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges


Period from	Period from
July 31 through	January 1 through
December 31,	July 30,		Years Ended December 31,
Post-merger	Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger
2008	2008		2007		2006		2005		2004
N/A		2.06		2.38		2.27		2.24		2.76

The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was computed on a total enterprise basis. Earnings represent income from continuing operations before income taxes less equity in undistributed net income (loss) of unconsolidated affiliates plus fixed charges. Fixed charges represent interest, amortization of debt discount and expense, and the estimated interest portion of rental charges. We had no preferred stock outstanding for any period presented. Earnings, as adjusted, were not sufficient to cover fixed charges by approximately $5.7 billion for the post merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008.

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Required information is within Item 7.

ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements and notes related thereto were prepared by and are the responsibility of management. The financial statements and related notes were prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include amounts based upon management’s best estimates and judgments.

It is management’s objective to ensure the integrity and objectivity of its financial data through systems of internal controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that all transactions are properly recorded in our books and records, that assets are safeguarded from unauthorized use and that financial records are reliable to serve as a basis for preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been audited by our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, to the extent required by auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and, accordingly, they have expressed their professional opinion on the financial statements in their report included herein.

The Board of Directors meets with the independent registered public accounting firm and management periodically to satisfy itself that they are properly discharging their responsibilities. The independent registered public accounting firm has unrestricted access to the Board, without management present, to discuss the results of their audit and the quality of financial reporting and internal accounting controls.



/s/ Mark P. Mays
Chief Executive Officer



/s/ Randall T. Mays
President and Chief Financial Officer



/s/ Herbert W. Hill, Jr.
Senior Vice President/Chief Accounting Officer

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
CC Media Holdings, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Holdings) as of December 31, 2008, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Clear Channel) as of December 31, 2007, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity(deficit), and cash flows of Holdings for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Clear Channel for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the index as Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of Holdings’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Holdings at December 31, 2008, the consolidated financial position of Clear Channel at December 31, 2007, the consolidated results of Holdings’ operations and cash flows for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the consolidated results of Clear Channel’s operations and cash flows for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note L to the consolidated financial statements, in 2007 Clear Channel changed its method of accounting for income taxes, and as discussed in Note A to the consolidated financial statements, in 2006 Clear Channel changed its method of accounting for share-based compensation.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Holdings’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 2, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.



	/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

San Antonio, Texas
March 2, 2009

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS


	Post-merger		Pre-merger
	December 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2008		2007
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	239,846	$	145,148
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $97,364 in 2008 and $59,169 in 2007		1,431,304		1,693,218
Prepaid expenses		133,217		116,902
Other current assets		262,188		243,248
Current assets from discontinued operations		—		96,067

Total Current Assets		2,066,555		2,294,583

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Land, buildings and improvements		614,811		840,832
Structures		2,355,776		3,901,941
Towers, transmitters and studio equipment		353,108		600,315
Furniture and other equipment		242,287		527,714
Construction in progress		128,739		119,260

		3,694,721		5,990,062
Less accumulated depreciation		146,562		2,939,698

		3,548,159		3,050,364
Property, plant and equipment from discontinued operations, net		¯		164,724

INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Definite-lived intangibles, net		2,881,720		485,870
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses		3,019,803		4,201,617
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits		1,529,068		251,988
Goodwill		7,090,621		7,210,116
Intangible assets from discontinued operations, net		¯		219,722

OTHER ASSETS
Notes receivable		11,633		12,388
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates		384,137		346,387
Other assets		560,260		303,791
Other investments		33,507		237,598
Other assets from discontinued operations		¯		26,380

Total Assets	$	21,125,463	$	18,805,528

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	December 31,			December 31,
(In thousands, except share data)	2008			2007
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	155,240		$	165,533
Accrued expenses		793,366			912,665
Accrued interest		181,264			98,601
Accrued income taxes		—			79,973
Current portion of long-term debt		562,923			1,360,199
Deferred income		153,153			158,893
Current liabilities from discontinued operations		—			37,413

Total Current Liabilities		1,845,946			2,813,277

Long-term debt		18,940,697			5,214,988
Other long-term obligations		—			127,384
Deferred income taxes		2,679,312			793,850
Other long-term liabilities		575,739			567,848
Long-term liabilities from discontinued operations		—			54,330

Minority interest		463,916			436,360
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note J)

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Class A Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 400,000,000 shares, issued 23,605,923 shares in 2008		23			—
Class B Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 150,000,000 shares, issued 555,556 shares in 2008		1			—
Class C Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 100,000,000 shares, issued 58,967,502 shares in 2008		58			—
Common Stock, par value $.10 per share, authorized 1,500,000,000 shares, issued 498,075,417 shares in 2007		—			49,808
Additional paid-in capital		2,100,995			26,858,079
Retained deficit		(5,041,998	)		(18,489,143	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(439,225	)		383,698
Cost of shares (81 in 2008 and 157,744 in 2007) held in treasury		(1	)		(4,951	)

Total Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)		(3,380,147	)		8,797,491

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)	$	21,125,463		$	18,805,528

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


	Period from
	July 31
	through			Period from January 1
	December 31,			through July 30,			Year Ended December 31,
	2008			2008			2007			2006
(In thousands, except per share data)	Post-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
Revenue	$	2,736,941		$	3,951,742		$	6,921,202		$	6,567,790
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		1,198,345			1,706,099			2,733,004			2,532,444
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		806,787			1,022,459			1,761,939			1,708,957
Depreciation and amortization		348,041			348,789			566,627			600,294
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		102,276			125,669			181,504			196,319
Merger expenses		68,085			87,684			6,762			7,633
Impairment charge		5,268,858			—			—			—
Other operating income — net		13,205			14,827			14,113			71,571

Operating income (loss)		(5,042,246	)		675,869			1,685,479			1,593,714
Interest expense		715,768			213,210			451,870			484,063
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		(116,552	)		34,262			6,742			2,306
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		5,804			94,215			35,176			37,845
Other income (expense) — net		131,505			(5,112	)		5,326			(8,593	)

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		(5,737,257	)		586,024			1,280,853			1,141,209
Income tax benefit (expense) expense:
Current		76,729			(27,280	)		(252,910	)		(278,663	)
Deferred		619,894			(145,303	)		(188,238	)		(191,780	)

Income tax benefit (expense)		696,623			(172,583	)		(441,148	)		(470,443	)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		481			(17,152	)		(47,031	)		(31,927	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		(5,040,153	)		396,289			792,674			638,839
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		640,236			145,833			52,678

Net income (loss)	$	(5,041,998	)	$	1,036,525		$	938,507		$	691,517

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(364,164	)		28,866			88,823			92,810
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on marketable securities		(95,669	)		(52,460	)		(8,412	)		(60,516	)
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives		(75,079	)		—			(1,688	)		76,132
Reclassification adjustments for realized (gain) loss on securities and derivatives included in net income		95,687			(25,997	)		—			—

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(5,481,223	)	$	986,934		$	1,017,230		$	799,943

Net income (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations— Basic	$	(62.04	)	$	.80		$	1.60		$	1.27
Discontinued operations — Basic		(.02	)		1.29			.30			.11

Net income (loss) — Basic	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09		$	1.90		$	1.38


Weighted average common shares — basic		81,242			495,044			494,347			500,786

Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted	$	(62.04	)	$	.80		$	1.60		$	1.27
Discontinued operations — Diluted		(.02	)		1.29			.29			.11

Net income (loss) — Diluted	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09		$	1.89		$	1.38


Weighted average common shares — diluted		81,242			496,519			495,784			501,639

Dividends declared per share	$	—		$	—		$	.75		$	.75

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY


																	Accumulated
											Additional						Other
					Common Shares			Common			Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury
(In thousands, except share data)					Issued			Stock			Capital			(Deficit)			Income (Loss)			Stock			Total
Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2005						538,287,763		$	53,829		$	27,945,725		$	(19,371,411	)	$	201,928		$	(3,609	)	$	8,826,462
Net income															691,517									691,517
Dividends declared															(374,471	)								(374,471	)
Subsidiary common stock issued for a business acquisition												67,873												67,873
Purchase of common shares																					(1,371,462	)		(1,371,462	)
Treasury shares retired and cancelled						(46,729,900	)		(4,673	)		(1,367,032	)								1,371,705			—
Exercise of stock options and other						2,424,988			243			60,139									11			60,393
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation												38,982												38,982
Currency translation adjustment																		87,431						87,431
Unrealized gains on cash flow derivatives																		76,132						76,132
Unrealized (losses) on investments																		(60,516	)					(60,516	)

Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2006						493,982,851			49,399			26,745,687			(19,054,365	)		304,975			(3,355	)		8,042,341
Cumulative effect of FIN 48 adoption															(152	)								(152	)
Net income															938,507									938,507
Dividends declared															(373,133	)								(373,133	)
Exercise of stock options and other						4,092,566			409			74,827									(1,596	)		73,640
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation												37,565												37,565
Currency translation adjustment																		88,823						88,823
Unrealized (losses) on cash flow derivatives																		(1,688	)					(1,688	)
Unrealized (losses) on investments																		(8,412	)					(8,412	)

Pre-merger Balances at December 31, 2007						498,075,417			49,808			26,858,079			(18,489,143	)		383,698			(4,951	)		8,797,491
Net income															1,036,525									1,036,525
Exercise of stock options and other						82,645			30			4,963									(2,024	)		2,969
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation												57,855												57,855
Currency translation adjustment																		28,866						28,866
Unrealized (losses) on investments																		(52,460	)					(52,460	)
Realized (losses) on investments																		(25,997	)					(25,997	)

Pre-merger Balances at July 30, 2008						498,158,062			49,838			26,920,897			(17,452,618	)		334,107			(6,975	)		9,845,249

Elimination of pre-merger equity						(498,158,062	)		(49,838	)		(26,920,897	)		17,452,618			(334,107	)		6,975			(9,845,249	)
	Class C		Class B		Class A
	Shares		Shares		Shares
Post-merger Balances at July 31, 2008		58,967,502		555,556		21,718,569			81			2,089,266			—			—			—			2,089,347
Net (loss)															(5,041,998	)								(5,041,998	)
Issuance of restricted stock awards and other						1,887,354			1												(1	)		—
Amortization and adjustment of deferred compensation												11,729												11,729
Currency translation adjustment																		(364,164	)					(364,164	)
Unrealized (losses) on cash flow																		(75,079	)					(75,079	)
derivatives Unrealized (losses) on investments																		(95,669	)					(95,669	)
Reclassification adjustment for																		95,687						95,687
realized loss included in net income

Post-merger Balances at December 31, 2008		58,967,502		555,556		23,605,923		$	82		$	2,100,995		$	(5,041,998	)	$	(439,225	)	$	(1	)	$	(3,380,147	)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	Period from
	July 31			Period from
	through			January 1
	December 31,			through July 30,			Year Ended December 31,
	2008			2008			2007			2006
(In thousands)	Post-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	(5,041,998	)	$	1,036,525		$	938,507		$	691,517
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		640,236			145,833			52,678

Net income (loss) from continuing operations		(5,040,153	)		396,289			792,674			638,839

Reconciling Items:
Depreciation		197,702			290,454			461,598			449,624
Amortization of intangibles		150,339			58,335			105,029			150,670
Impairment charge		5,268,858			—			—			—
Deferred taxes		(619,894	)		145,303			188,238			191,780
Provision for doubtful accounts		54,603			23,216			38,615			34,627
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums and accretion of note discounts, net		102,859			3,530			7,739			3,462
Share-based compensation		15,911			62,723			44,051			42,030
(Gain) on sale of operating and fixed assets		(13,205	)		(14,827	)		(14,113	)		(71,571	)
Loss on forward exchange contract		—			2,496			3,953			18,161
(Gain) loss on securities		116,552			(36,758	)		(10,696	)		(20,467	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		(5,804	)		(94,215	)		(35,176	)		(37,845	)
Minority interest, net of tax		(481	)		17,152			47,031			31,927
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt		(116,677	)		13,484			—			—
Increase (decrease) other, net		12,089			9,133			(91	)		9,027

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable		158,142			24,529			(111,152	)		(190,191	)
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses		6,538			(21,459	)		5,098			(23,797	)
Decrease (increase) in other current assets		156,869			(29,329	)		694			(2,238	)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(130,172	)		190,834			27,027			86,887
Federal income tax refund		—			—			—			390,438
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest		98,909			(16,572	)		(13,429	)		14,567
Increase (decrease) in deferred income		(54,938	)		51,200			26,013			6,486
Increase (decrease) in accrued income taxes		(112,021	)		(40,260	)		13,325			25,641


Net cash provided by operating activities		246,026			1,035,258			1,576,428			1,748,057

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


	Period from
	July 31			Period from
	through			January 1
	December 31,			through July 30,			Years Ended December 31,
	2008			2008			2007			2006
	Post-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable, net		741			336			(6,069	)		1,163
Decrease in investments in, and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net		3,909			25,098			20,868			20,445
Cross currency settlement of interest		—			(198,615	)		(1,214	)		1,607
Purchase of other investments		(26	)		(98	)		(726	)		(520	)
Proceeds from sale of other investments		—			173,467			2,409			—
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(190,253	)		(240,202	)		(363,309	)		(336,739	)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		16,955			72,806			26,177			99,682
Acquisition of operating assets		(23,228	)		(153,836	)		(122,110	)		(341,206	)
(Increase) in other — net		(47,342	)		(95,207	)		(38,703	)		(51,443	)
Cash used to purchase equity		(17,472,459	)		—			—			—

Net cash used in investing activities		(17,711,703	)		(416,251	)		(482,677	)		(607,011	)

CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Draws on credit facilities		180,000			692,614			886,910			3,383,667
Payments on credit facilities		(128,551	)		(872,901	)		(1,705,014	)		(2,700,004	)
Proceeds from long-term debt		557,520			5,476			22,483			783,997
Payments on long-term debt		(579,089	)		(1,282,348	)		(343,041	)		(866,352	)
Debt used to finance the merger		15,382,076			—			—			—
Equity contribution used to finance the merger		2,142,830			—			—			—
Payment to terminate forward exchange contract		—			(110,410	)		—			(83,132	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, stock purchase plan and common stock warrants		—			17,776			80,017			57,452
Dividends paid		—			(93,367	)		(372,369	)		(382,776	)
Payments for purchase of common shares		(47	)		(3,781	)		—			(1,371,462	)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		17,554,739			(1,646,941	)		(1,431,014	)		(1,178,610	)

CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		2,429			(67,751	)		33,832			99,265
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		—			1,098,892			332,579			(30,038	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		—			—			—			—

Net cash provided by discontinued operations		2,429			1,031,141			366,411			69,227
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		91,491			3,207			29,148			31,663
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		148,355			145,148			116,000			84,337

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	239,846		$	148,355		$	145,148		$	116,000


SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest	$	527,083		$	231,163		$	462,181		$	461,398
Income taxes		37,029			138,187			299,415			—

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A — SUMMARY OF
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Business

CC Media Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) was formed in May 2007 by private equity funds sponsored by Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (the “Sponsors”) for the purpose of acquiring the business of Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a Texas company (“Clear Channel”). The acquisition was completed on July 30, 2008 pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 16, 2006, as amended on April 18, 2007, May 17, 2007 and May 13, 2008 (the “Merger Agreement”).

As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of Clear Channel, other than shares held by certain principals of the Company that were rolled over and exchanged for Class A common stock of the Company, were either exchanged for (i) $36.00 in cash consideration, without interest, or (ii) one share of Class A common stock of the Company.

The purchase price was approximately $23 billion including $94 million in capitalized transaction costs. The merger was funded primarily through a $3 billion equity contribution, including the rollover of Clear Channel shares, and $20.8 billion in debt financing, including the assumption of $5.1 billion aggregate principal amount of Clear Channel debt.

The transaction was accounted for as a purchase in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations (“Statement 141”), and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16, Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions (“EITF 88-16”). The Company preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assets and liabilities acquired at their respective initially estimated fair values with the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.

The Company has initially estimated the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities as of the merger date utilizing information available at the time the Company’s financial statements were prepared. These estimates are subject to refinement until all pertinent information is obtained. The Company is currently in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain of the acquired assets and liabilities and will finalize its purchase price allocation in 2009. The final allocation of the purchase price may be different than the initial allocation.

The merger is more fully discussed in Note B.

Liquidity and Asset Impairments

The Company’s primary source of liquidity is cash flow from operations, which has been adversely affected by the global economic slowdown. The risks associated with the Company’s businesses become more acute in periods of a slowing economy or recession, which may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. The current global economic slowdown has resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing services among the Company’s customers, resulting in a decline in advertising revenues across its businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues has had an adverse effect on the Company’s revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity, particularly during the second half of 2008. The continuation of the global economic slowdown may continue to adversely impact the Company’s revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity.

In January 2009, in response to the deterioration in general economic conditions and the resulting negative impact on the Company’s business, it commenced a restructuring program targeting a reduction of fixed costs by approximately $350 million on an annualized basis. As part of the program, the Company eliminated approximately 1,850 full-time positions representing approximately 9% of total workforce. The program is expected to result in restructuring and other non-recurring charges of approximately $200 million, although additional costs may be incurred as the program evolves. The cost savings initiatives are expected to be fully implemented by the end of the

first quarter of 2010. No assurance can be given that the restructuring program will be successful or will achieve the anticipated cost savings in the timeframe expected or at all.

Based on the Company’s current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in its markets, it believes that cash flow from operations as well as cash on hand (including amounts drawn or available under the senior secured credit facilities) will enable the Company to meet its working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Continuing adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or credit financing. While there is no assurance in the current economic environment, the Company believes the lenders participating in its credit agreements will be willing and able to provide financing in accordance with the terms of their agreements. In this regard, on February 6, 2009 the Company borrowed the approximately $1.6 billon of remaining availability under its $2.0 billion revolving credit facility to improve its liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions. The Company expects to refinance its $500.0 million 4.25% notes due May 15, 2009 with a draw under the $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility that is specifically designated for this purpose. The remaining $69.5 million of indebtedness maturing in 2009 will either be refinanced or repaid with cash flow from operations or on hand.

The Company expects to be in compliance with the covenants under its senior secured credit facilities in 2009. However, the Company’s anticipated results are subject to significant uncertainty and there can be no assurance that actual results will be in compliance with the covenants. In addition, the Company’s ability to comply with the covenants in its financing agreements may be affected by events beyond its control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in the financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the revolving credit facility under the senior secured credit facilities would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of revolving credit thereunder. If the Company is unable to repay its obligations under any senior secured credit facilities or the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such senior secured credit facilities or receivables based credit facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of the Company’s financing agreements could cause a default under other of its obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions.

The Company performed an interim impairment test on its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2008 as a result of the current global economic slowdown and its negative impact on the Company’s business. The estimated fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses and permits was below their carrying values, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion. As discussed, the United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit market, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value FCC licenses and permits.

The Company also performed an interim goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2008. The estimated fair value of the reporting units was below their carrying values, which required the Company to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’ goodwill with its carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on the estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.

Format of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows and shareholders’ equity are presented for two periods: post-merger and pre-merger. The Company applied preliminary purchase accounting pursuant to the aforementioned standards to the opening balance sheet on July 31, 2008 as the merger occurred at the close of business on July 30, 2008. The merger resulted in a new basis of accounting beginning on July 31, 2008 and the financial reporting periods are presented as follows:

	•		The period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 includes the post-merger period of the Company, reflecting the merger of the Company and Clear Channel. Subsequent to the acquisition, Clear Channel became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the business of the Company became that of Clear Channel and its subsidiaries.

	•		The period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 includes the pre-merger period of Clear Channel. Prior to the consummation of its acquisition of Clear Channel, the Company had not conducted any activities, other than activities incident to its formation and in connection with the acquisition, and did not have any assets or liabilities, other than as related to the acquisition.

	•		The 2007 and 2006 periods presented are pre-merger. The consolidated financial statements for all pre-merger periods were prepared using the historical basis of accounting for Clear Channel. As a result of the merger and the associated preliminary purchase accounting, the consolidated financial statements of the post-merger periods are not comparable to periods preceding the merger.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

The Company owns stations that were placed in a trust in order to bring the merger into compliance with the FCC’s media ownership rules. The Company will have to divest these stations. The trust is terminated if at any time the stations may be owned by the Company under the then current FCC media ownership rules. The trust agreement stipulates that the Company must fund any operating shortfalls of the trust activities and any excess cash flow generated by the trust is distributed to the Company. The Company is also the beneficiary of proceeds from the sale of stations held in the trust. The Company consolidates the trust in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“FIN 46R”), as the trust was determined to be a variable interest entity and the Company is its primary beneficiary.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company evaluates the collectibility of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where it is aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, it records a specific reserve to reduce the amounts recorded to what it believes will be collected. For all other customers, it recognizes reserves for bad debt based on historical experience of bad debts as a percent of revenue for each business unit, adjusted for relative improvements or deteriorations in the agings and changes in current economic conditions. The Company believes its concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number and the geographic diversification of its customers.

Land Leases and Other Structure Licenses

Most of the Company’s outdoor advertising structures are located on leased land. Americas outdoor land rents are typically paid in advance for periods ranging from one to twelve months. International outdoor land rents are paid both in advance and in arrears, for periods ranging from one to twelve months. Most international street furniture display faces are operated through contracts with the municipalities for up to 20 years. The street furniture contracts often include a percent of revenue to be paid along with a base rent payment. Prepaid land leases are recorded as an asset and expensed ratably over the related rental term and license and rent payments in arrears are recorded as an accrued liability.

Purchase Accounting

The Company accounts for its business acquisitions under the purchase method of accounting. The total cost of acquisitions is allocated to the underlying identifiable net assets, based on their respective estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives and market multiples, among other items. Various acquisition agreements may include contingent purchase consideration based on performance requirements of the investee. The Company accrues these payments under the guidance in Emerging Issues Task Force issue 95-8: Accounting for Contingent Consideration Paid to the Shareholders of an Acquired Enterprise in a Purchase Business Combination, after the contingencies have been resolved.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method at rates that, in the opinion of management, are adequate to allocate the cost of such assets over their estimated useful lives, which are as follows:

Buildings and improvements — 10 to 39 years
Structures — 5 to 40 years
Towers, transmitters and studio equipment — 7 to 20 years
Furniture and other equipment — 3 to 20 years
Leasehold improvements — shorter of economic life or lease term assuming renewal periods, if appropriate

For assets associated with a lease or contract, the assets are depreciated at the shorter of the economic life or the lease or contract term, assuming renewal periods, if appropriate. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred, whereas expenditures for renewal and betterments are capitalized.

The Company tests for possible impairment of property, plant, and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as a reduction in operating cash flow or a dramatic change in the manner for which the asset is intended to be used indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If indicators exist, the Company compares the estimated undiscounted future cash flows related to the asset to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the estimated undiscounted future cash flow amount, an impairment charge is recorded in depreciation and amortization expense in the statement of operations for amounts necessary to reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value. The impairment loss calculations require management to apply judgment in estimating future cash flows and the discount rates that reflect the risk inherent in future cash flows.

Intangible Assets

The Company classifies intangible assets as definite-lived, indefinite-lived or goodwill. Definite-lived intangibles include primarily transit and street furniture contracts, talent and representation contracts, customer and advertiser relationships, and site-leases, all of which are amortized over the respective lives of the agreements, or over the period of time the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the Company’s future cash flows. The Company periodically reviews the appropriateness of the amortization periods related to its definite-lived assets. These assets are stated at cost. The Company’s indefinite-lived intangibles include broadcast FCC licenses in its radio broadcasting segment and billboard permits in its Americas outdoor advertising segment. The excess cost over fair value of net assets acquired is classified as goodwill. The indefinite-lived intangibles and goodwill are not subject to amortization, but are tested for impairment at least annually. The Company tests for possible impairment of definite-lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as a reduction in operating cash flow or a dramatic change in the manner for which the asset is intended to be used indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If indicators exist, the Company compares the undiscounted cash flows related to the asset to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the undiscounted cash flow amount, an impairment charge is recorded in amortization expense in the statement of operations for amounts necessary to reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value.

The Company performs its annual impairment test for its FCC licenses and permits using a direct valuation technique as prescribed by the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Topic D-108, Use of the Residual Method to

Value Acquired Assets Other Than Goodwill (“D-108”). Certain assumptions are used under the Company’s direct valuation technique, including market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up cost and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk adjusted discount rate and terminal values. The Company utilizes Mesirow Financial Consulting LLC, a third party valuation firm, to assist the Company in the development of these assumptions and the Company’s determination of the fair value of its FCC licenses and permits.

As previously discussed, the Company performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008 which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion on its indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits.

At least annually, the Company performs its impairment test for each reporting unit’s goodwill using a discounted cash flow model to determine if the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company identified its reporting units under the guidance in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“Statement 142”) and EITF D-101, Clarification of Reporting Unit Guidance in Paragraph 30 of FASB Statement No. 142. The Company’s reporting units for radio broadcasting and Americas outdoor advertising are the reportable segments. The Company determined that each country in its International outdoor segment constitutes a reporting unit.

Each of the Company’s reporting units is valued using a discounted cash flow model which requires estimating future cash flows expected to be generated from the reporting unit, discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Terminal values were also estimated and discounted to their present value. Assessing the recoverability of goodwill requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates based on its budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and management’s judgment in applying these factors. The Company utilizes Mesirow Financial Consulting LLC, a third party valuation firm, to assist the Company in the development of these assumptions and the Company’s determination of the fair value of its reporting units.

As previously discussed, the Company performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008 and recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce its goodwill.

Other Investments

Other investments are composed primarily of equity securities. These securities are classified as available-for-sale or trading and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices. Securities are carried at historical value when quoted market prices are unavailable. The net unrealized gains or losses on the available-for-sale securities, net of tax, are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. The net unrealized gains or losses on the trading securities are reported in the statement of operations. In addition, the Company holds investments that do not have quoted market prices. The Company periodically reviews the value of available-for-sale, trading and non-marketable securities and records impairment charges in the statement of operations for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary. The average cost method is used to compute the realized gains and losses on sales of equity securities.

The Company assessed the value of its available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2008. After this assessment, the Company concluded that an other-than-temporary impairment existed and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”.

Nonconsolidated Affiliates

In general, investments in which the Company owns 20 percent to 50 percent of the common stock or otherwise exercises significant influence over the investee are accounted for under the equity method. The Company does not recognize gains or losses upon the issuance of securities by any of its equity method investees. The Company reviews the value of equity method investments and records impairment charges in the statement of operations for any decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary.

Financial Instruments

Due to their short maturity, the carrying amounts of accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings approximated their fair values at December 31, 2008 and 2007.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting bases and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances if the Company believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the asset will not be realized. As all earnings from the Company’s foreign operations are permanently reinvested and not distributed, the Company’s income tax provision does not include additional U.S. taxes on foreign operations. It is not practical to determine the amount of federal income taxes, if any, that might become due in the event that the earnings were distributed.

Revenue Recognition

Radio broadcasting revenue is recognized as advertisements or programs are broadcast and is generally billed monthly. Outdoor advertising contracts typically cover periods of up to three years and are generally billed monthly. Revenue for outdoor advertising space rental is recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Advertising revenue is reported net of agency commissions. Agency commissions are calculated based on a stated percentage applied to gross billing revenue for the Company’s broadcasting and outdoor operations. Payments received in advance of being earned are recorded as deferred income.

Barter transactions represent the exchange of airtime or display space for merchandise or services. These transactions are generally recorded at the fair market value of the airtime or display space or the fair value of the merchandise or services received. Revenue is recognized on barter and trade transactions when the advertisements are broadcasted or displayed. Expenses are recorded ratably over a period that estimates when the merchandise or service received is utilized or the event occurs. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations are included in consolidated revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively. Barter and trade revenues and expenses from continuing operations were:


	Post-merger period		Pre-merger period
	ended December 31,		ended July 30,		Years ended December 31,
	2008		2008		2007		2006
(In millions)	Post-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger

Barter and trade revenues	$	33.7	$	40.2	$	70.7	$	77.8
Barter and trade expenses		35.0		38.9		70.4		75.6

Share-Based Payments

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (R), Share-Based Payment (“Statement 123(R)”), on January 1, 2006 using the modified-prospective-transition method. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, stock based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. For awards that vest based on service conditions, this cost is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For awards that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions, this cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, the Company’s results of operations could be materially impacted.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Financial Accounting Standard No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, (“Statement 133”), requires the Company to recognize all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the

consolidated balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship, and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company must designate the hedging instrument, based upon the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. If a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting. The Company accounts for its derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for speculation or trading purposes.

Foreign Currency

Results of operations for foreign subsidiaries and foreign equity investees are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during the year. The assets and liabilities of those subsidiaries and investees, other than those of operations in highly inflationary countries, are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates at the balance sheet date. The related translation adjustments are recorded in a separate component of shareholders’ equity, “Accumulated other comprehensive income”. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, as well as gains and losses from translation of financial statements of subsidiaries and investees in highly inflationary countries, are included in operations.

Advertising Expense

The Company records advertising expense as it is incurred. Advertising expenses from continuing operations was:


	Post-merger period		Pre-merger period
	ended December 31,		ended July 30,		Years ended December 31,
	2008		2008		2007		2006
(In millions)	Post-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger

Advertising expenses	$	51.8	$	56.1	$	138.5	$	130.4

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes including, but not limited to, legal, tax and insurance accruals. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Certain Reclassifications

The historical financial statements and footnote disclosures have been revised to reflect the reclassification of amounts related to the Company’s television business and certain radio stations from continuing operations to discontinued operations.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes, to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. Statement 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Adoption is prospective and early adoption is not permitted. The Company will adopt Statement 141 (R) on January 1, 2009. Statement 141R’s impact on accounting for business combinations is dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions.

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“Statement 160”), was issued in December 2007. Statement 160 clarifies the classification of noncontrolling interests in consolidated statements of financial position and the accounting for and reporting of transactions between the reporting entity and holders of such noncontrolling interests. Under Statement 160 noncontrolling interests are considered equity and should be reported as an element of consolidated equity, net income will encompass the total income of all consolidated subsidiaries and there will be separate disclosure on the face of the income statement of the attribution of that income between the controlling and noncontrolling interests, and increases and decreases in the noncontrolling ownership interest amount will be accounted for as equity transactions. Statement 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier application is prohibited. Statement 160 is required to be adopted prospectively, except for reclassifying noncontrolling interests to equity, separate from the parent’s shareholders’ equity, in the consolidated statement of financial position and recasting consolidated net income (loss) to include net income (loss) attributable to both the controlling and noncontrolling interests, both of which are required to be adopted retrospectively. The Company will adopt Statement 160 on January 1, 2009 which will result in a reclassification of approximately $463.9 million of noncontrolling interests to shareholders’ equity.

On March 19, 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“Statement 161”). Statement 161 requires additional disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items effect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company will adopt the disclosure requirements beginning January 1, 2009.

In April 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determining the useful life of recognized intangible assets under FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“Statement 142”). FSP FAS 142-3 removes an entity’s requirement under paragraph 11 of Statement 142 to consider whether an intangible asset can be renewed without substantial cost or material modifications to the existing terms and conditions. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. The Company will adopt FSP FAS 142-3 on January 1, 2009. FSP FAS 142-3’s impact is dependent upon future acquisitions.

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“Statement 159”), which permits entities to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The provisions of Statement 159 were effective as of January 1, 2008. The Company did not elect the fair value option under this standard upon adoption.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Emerging Issues Task Force 03-6-1 Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards with a right to receive nonforfeitable dividends are participating securities. Guidance is also provided on how to allocate earnings to participating securities and compute basic earnings per share using the two-class method. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, and early adoption is prohibited. The Company will adopt FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1, 2009. The Company is evaluating the impact FSP EITF 03-6-1 will have on its earnings per share.

NOTE B — BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS

2008 Acquisitions

The Company completed its acquisition of Clear Channel on July 30, 2008. The transaction was accounted for as a purchase in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations (“Statement 141”), and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 88-16, Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions (“EITF 88-16”). The Company preliminarily allocated a portion of the consideration paid to the assets and liabilities acquired at their respective initially estimated fair values with the remaining portion recorded at the continuing shareholders basis. Excess consideration after this preliminary allocation was recorded as goodwill.

The opening balance sheet presented as of July 31, 2008 reflected the preliminary allocation of purchase price, based on available information and certain assumptions management believed reasonable. Following is a summary of the preliminary purchase price allocations, adjusted for additional information management has obtained:


	Preliminary						Adjusted
(In thousands)	July 31, 2008			Adjustments			July 31, 2008
Consideration paid	$	18,082,938					$	18,082,938
Debt assumed		5,136,929						5,136,929
Historical carryover basis		(825,647	)					(825,647	)

	$	22,394,220					$	22,394,220


Total current assets		2,311,777			5,041			2,316,818
PP&E — net		3,745,422			125,357			3,870,779
Intangible assets — net		20,634,499			(764,472	)		19,870,027
Long-term assets		1,079,704			44,787			1,124,491
Current liabilities		(1,219,033	)		(13,204	)		(1,232,237	)
Long-term liabilities		(4,158,149	)		602,491			(3,555,658	)

	$	22,394,220		$	—		$	22,394,220

The adjustments to PP&E — net primarily relate to fair value appraisals received for land and buildings. The adjustments to intangible assets — net primarily relate to an aggregate $3.6 billion adjustment to lower the estimated fair value of the Company’s FCC licenses and permits based on appraised values, partially offset by a $1.5 billion fair value adjustment to recognize advertiser relationships and trade names in the Company’s radio segment based on appraised values, a $240.6 million fair value adjustment to advertising contracts in the Company’s Americas and International outdoor segments based on appraised values and an increase of $1.0 billion to goodwill. The adjustment to long-term liabilities primarily relates to the deferred tax effects of the fair value adjustments.

The adjustments related to the Company’s FCC licenses, permits and goodwill were recorded prior to the Company’s interim impairment test.

The following unaudited supplemental pro forma information reflects the consolidated results of operations of the Company as if the merger had occurred on January 1, 2007. The historical financial information was adjusted to give effect to items that are (i) directly attributed to the merger, (ii) factually supportable, and (iii) expected to have a continuing impact on the consolidated results. Such items include depreciation and amortization expense associated with preliminary valuations of property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, corporate expenses associated with new equity based awards granted to certain members of management, expenses associated with the accelerated vesting of employee share based awards upon closing of the merger, interest expense related to debt issued in conjunction with the merger and the fair value adjustment to Clear Channel’s existing debt

and the related tax effects of these items. This unaudited pro forma information should not be relied upon as necessarily being indicative of the historical results that would have been obtained if the merger had actually occurred on that date, nor of the results that may be obtained in the future.


	Pre-merger			Pre-merger		Pre-merger
	Period from January 1			Year ended		Year ended
	through July 30,			December 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2008			2007		2006
Revenue	$	3,951,742		$	6,921,202	$	6,567,790
Income (loss) before discontinued operations	$	(18,466	)	$	4,179	$	(127,620	)
Net income (loss)	$	621,790		$	150,012	$	(74,942	)
Earnings (loss) per share — basic	$	7.65		$	1.85	$	(.92	)
Earnings (loss) per share — diluted	$	7.65		$	1.85	$	(.92	)

The Company also acquired assets in its operating segments in addition to the merger described above. The Company acquired FCC licenses in its radio segment for $11.7 million in cash during 2008. The Company acquired outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $96.5 million in cash during 2008. The Company’s national representation business acquired representation contracts for $68.9 million in cash during 2008.

2007 Acquisitions

Clear Channel acquired domestic outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $69.1 million in cash during 2007. Clear Channel’s national representation business acquired representation contracts for $53.0 million in cash during 2007.

2006 Acquisitions

Clear Channel acquired radio stations for $16.4 million and a music scheduling company for $44.3 million in cash plus $10.0 million of deferred purchase consideration during 2006. Clear Channel also acquired Interspace Airport Advertising, Americas and international outdoor display faces and additional equity interests in international outdoor companies for $242.4 million in cash. Clear Channel exchanged assets in one of its Americas outdoor markets for assets located in a different market and recognized a gain of $13.2 million in “Other operating income — net”. In addition, Clear Channel’s national representation firm acquired representation contracts for $38.1 million in cash.

Acquisition Summary

The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities acquired and the consideration given for acquisitions made during 2007 and 2006:


(In thousands)	2007			2006
Property, plant and equipment	$	28,002		$	49,641
Accounts receivable		—			18,636
Definite lived intangibles		55,017			177,554
Indefinite-lived intangible assets		15,023			32,862
Goodwill		41,696			253,411
Other assets		3,453			6,006

		143,191			538,110
Other liabilities		(13,081	)		(64,303	)
Minority interests		—			(15,293	)
Deferred tax		—			(21,361	)
Subsidiary common stock issued, net of minority interests		—			(67,873	)

		(13,081	)		(168,830	)

Less: fair value of net assets exchanged in swap		(8,000	)		(28,074	)

Cash paid for acquisitions	$	122,110		$	341,206

The Company has entered into certain agreements relating to acquisitions that provide for purchase price adjustments and other future contingent payments based on the financial performance of the acquired company. The Company will continue to accrue additional amounts related to such contingent payments if and when it is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets were met, would not significantly impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

NOTE C — DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Sale of non-core radio stations

The Company determined that each radio station market in Clear Channel’s previously announced non-core radio station sales represents a disposal group consistent with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets (“Statement 144”). Consistent with the provisions of Statement 144, the Company classified these assets that are subject to transfer under the definitive asset purchase agreements as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Accordingly, depreciation and amortization associated with these assets was discontinued. Additionally, the Company determined that these assets comprise operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company.

Sale of the television business

On March 14, 2008, Clear Channel completed the sale of its television business to Newport Television, LLC for $1.0 billion, adjusted for certain items including proration of expenses and adjustments for working capital. As a result, Clear Channel recorded a gain of $662.9 million as a component of “Income from discontinued operations, net” in its consolidated statement of operations during the first quarter of 2008. Additionally, net income and cash flows from the television business were classified as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of cash flows, respectively, in 2008 through the date of sale and for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. The net assets related to the television business were classified as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2007.

Summarized Financial Information of Discontinued Operations

Summarized operating results for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 from these businesses are as follows:


	Five months ended			Seven months ended
	December 31,			July 30,		Years ended December 31,
	2008			2008		2007		2006
(In thousands)	Post-merger			Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Post-merger
Revenue	$	1,364		$	74,783	$	442,263	$	531,621
Income (loss) before income taxes		(3,160	)	$	702,698	$	209,882	$	84,969

Included in income from discontinued operations, net is an income tax benefit of $1.3 million for the period July 31 through December 31, 2008. Included for the period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 is income tax expense of $62.4 million and a gain of $695.8 million related to the sale of Clear Channel’s television business and certain radio stations. The Company estimates utilization of approximately $585.3 million of capital loss carryforwards to offset a portion of the taxes associated with these gains. The Company had approximately $699.6 million, before valuation allowance, in capital loss carryforwards remaining as of December 31, 2008.

Included in income from discontinued operations, net are income tax expenses of $64.0 million and $32.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Also included in income from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 are gains on the sale of certain radio stations of $144.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the carrying amount at December 31, 2007 of the major classes of assets and liabilities of the businesses classified as discontinued operations.


	Pre-merger
(In thousands)	December 31,
Assets	2007

Accounts receivable, net	$	76,426
Other current assets		19,641

Total current assets	$	96,067


Land, buildings and improvements	$	73,138
Transmitter and studio equipment		207,230
Other property, plant and equipment		22,781
Less accumulated depreciation		138,425

Property, plant and equipment, net	$	164,724


Definite-lived intangibles, net	$	283
Licenses		107,910
Goodwill		111,529

Total intangible assets	$	219,722


Film rights	$	18,042
Other long-term assets		8,338

Total other assets	$	26,380


	Pre-merger
	December 31,
Liabilities	2007
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	10,565
Film liability		18,027
Other current liabilities		8,821

Total current liabilities	$	37,413


Film liability	$	19,902
Other long-term liabilities		34,428

Total long-term liabilities	$	54,330

NOTE D — INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Definite-lived intangible assets

The Company has transit and street furniture contracts, site-leases and other contractual rights in its Americas and International outdoor segments (with an estimated 6 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel), talent and program right contracts in its radio segment (with an estimated 8 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel), advertiser and customer

relationships in its radio segment (with an estimated 10 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel) and contracts for non-affiliated radio and television stations in the Company’s media representation operations (with an estimated 6 year weighted average useful life at the date of the Company’s acquisition of Clear Channel). These definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of either the respective lives of the agreements or over the period of time the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the Company’s future cash flows.

The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for each major class of definite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2008 and 2007:


	Post-merger				Pre-merger
	December 31, 2008				December 31, 2007
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Gross Carrying		Accumulated
(In thousands)	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Amortization
Transit, street furniture, and other outdoor contractual rights	$	883,130	$	49,818	$	867,283	$	613,897
Customer / advertiser relationships		1,210,205		49,970		—		—
Talent contracts		161,644		7,479		—		—
Representation contracts		216,955		21,537		400,316		212,403
Other		548,180		9,590		84,004		39,433

Total	$	3,020,114	$	138,394	$	1,351,603	$	865,733

Total amortization expense from continuing operations related to definite-lived intangible assets was:


	Five months ended		Seven months ended
	December 31,		July 30,		Years ended December 31,
	2008		2008		2007		2006
(In millions)	Post-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger		Pre-merger

Amortization expense	$	150.3	$	58.3	$	105.0	$	150.7

As acquisitions and dispositions occur in the future and as purchase price allocations are finalized, amortization expense may vary. The following table presents the Company’s estimate of amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years for definite-lived intangible assets:


(In thousands)
2009	$	339,443
2010		316,413
2011		301,721
2012		287,174
2013		267,096

Indefinite-lived Intangibles

The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) broadcast licenses and billboard permits. FCC broadcast licenses are granted to both radio and television stations for up to eight years under the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The Act requires the FCC to renew a broadcast license if: it finds that the station has served the public interest, convenience and necessity; there have been no serious violations of either the Communications Act of 1934 or the FCC’s rules and regulations by the licensee; and there have been no other serious violations which taken together constitute a pattern of abuse. The licenses may be renewed indefinitely at little or no cost. The Company does not believe that the technology of wireless broadcasting will be replaced in the foreseeable future. The Company’s billboard permits are issued in perpetuity by state and local governments and are transferable or renewable at little or no cost. Permits typically include the location which allows the Company the right to operate an advertising structure. The Company’s permits are located on either owned or leased land. In cases where the Company’s permits are located on leased land, the leases are typically from 10 to 20 years and renew indefinitely, with rental payments generally escalating at an inflation based index. If

the Company loses its lease, the Company will typically obtain permission to relocate the permit or bank it with the municipality for future use.

The Company does not amortize its FCC broadcast licenses or billboard permits. The Company tests these indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually using a direct valuation method. This direct valuation method assumes that rather than acquiring indefinite-lived intangible assets as a part of a going concern business, the buyer hypothetically obtains indefinite-lived intangible assets and builds a new operation with similar attributes from scratch. Thus, the buyer incurs start-up costs during the build-up phase which are normally associated with going concern value. Initial capital costs are deducted from the discounted cash flows model which results in value that is directly attributable to the indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Under the direct valuation method, the Company aggregates its indefinite-lived intangible assets at the market level for purposes of impairment testing. The Company’s key assumptions using the direct valuation method are market revenue growth rates, market share, profit margin, duration and profile of the build-up period, estimated start-up capital costs and losses incurred during the build-up period, the risk-adjusted discount rate and terminal values. This data is populated using industry normalized information.

The Company performed an impairment test as of December 31, 2008. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $1.7 billion on its indefinite-lived FCC licenses and permits. The United States and global economies are undergoing a period of economic uncertainty, which has caused, among other things, a general tightening in the credit markets, limited access to the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity and lower consumer and business spending. These disruptions in the credit and financial markets and the continuing impact of adverse economic, financial and industry conditions on the demand for advertising negatively impacted the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow models used to value our FCC licenses and permits.

Goodwill

The Company tests goodwill for impairment using a two-step process. The first step, used to screen for potential impairment, compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. The second step, used to measure the amount of the impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The Company’s reporting units for radio broadcasting and Americas outdoor advertising are the reportable segments. The Company determined that each country in its International outdoor segment constitutes a reporting unit. Goodwill of approximately $10.8 billion resulted from the merger, $896.5 million of which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.


				Americas			International
(In thousands)	Radio			Outdoor			Outdoor			Other		Total
Pre-merger
Balance as of December 31, 2006		6,140,613			667,986			425,630			6		7,234,235
Acquisitions		5,608			20,361			13,733			1,994		41,696
Dispositions		(3,974	)		—			—			—		(3,974	)
Foreign currency		—			78			35,430			—		35,508
Adjustments		(96,720	)		(89	)		(540	)		—		(97,349	)

Balance as of December 31, 2007	$	6,045,527		$	688,336		$	474,253		$	2,000	$	7,210,116

Acquisitions		7,051			—			12,341			—		19,392
Dispositions		(20,931	)		—			—			—		(20,931	)
Foreign currency		—			(293	)		28,596			—		28,303
Adjustments		(423	)		(970	)		—			—		(1,393	)

Balance as of July 30, 2008	$	6,031,224		$	687,073		$	515,190		$	2,000	$	7,235,487

In 2007, the Company recorded a $97.3 million adjustment to its balance of goodwill related to tax positions established as part of various radio station acquisitions for which the IRS audit periods have now closed.


				Americas			International
(In thousands)	Radio			Outdoor			Outdoor			Other		Total
Post-merger
Balances at July 31, 2008	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—
Preliminary purchase price allocation		6,335,220			2,805,780			603,712			60,115		9,804,827
Purchase price adjustments — net		356,040			438,025			(76,116	)		271,175		989,124
Impairment		(1,115,033	)		(2,321,602	)		(173,435	)		—		(3,610,070	)
Acquisitions		3,486			—			—			—		3,486
Foreign exchange		—			(29,605	)		(63,519	)		—		(93,124	)
Other		(523	)		—			(3,099	)		—		(3,622	)

Balance as of December 31, 2008	$	5,579,190		$	892,598		$	287,543		$	331,290	$	7,090,621

The Company performed an interim impairment test as of December 31, 2008. The estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units was below their carrying values, which required it to compare the implied fair value of each reporting units’ goodwill with its carrying value. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $3.6 billion to reduce its goodwill. The macroeconomic factors discussed above had an adverse effect on the estimated cash flows and discount rates used in the discounted cash flow model.

NOTE E — INVESTMENTS

The Company’s most significant investments in nonconsolidated affiliates are listed below:

Australian Radio Network

The Company owns a fifty-percent (50%) interest in Australian Radio Network (“ARN”), an Australian company that owns and operates radio stations in Australia and New Zealand.

Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones

Clear Channel sold a portion of its investment in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones (“ACIR”) for approximately $47.0 million on July 1, 2008 and recorded a gain of $9.2 million in “equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” during the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008. As a result, the Company now owns a twenty-percent (20%) interest in ACIR. ACIR owns and operates radio stations throughout Mexico.

All Others

Included within the “All Others” category in the table below at December 31, 2007 was Clear Channel’s 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent, a South African outdoor advertising company. Clear Channel sold its 50% interest in Clear Channel Independent in the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008. The sale resulted in a gain of $75.6 million recorded in “Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates” based on the fair value of the equity securities received. The equity securities received are classified as available-for-sale and recorded as a component of “Other investments” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2008.

Summarized Financial Information

The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in nonconsolidated affiliates:


							All
(In thousands)	ARN			ACIR			Others			Total
At December 31, 2007	$	165,474		$	72,905		$	108,008		$	346,387
Acquisition (disposition) of investments, net		—			(47,559	)		(117,577	)		(165,136	)
Cash advances (repayments)		(16,164	)		28			(8,962	)		(25,098	)
Equity in net earnings (loss)		12,108			11,264			70,843			94,215
Foreign currency transaction adjustment		(1,454	)		—			—			(1,454	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		3,519			2,481			(4,392	)		1,608

At July 30, 2008	$	163,483		$	39,119		$	47,920		$	250,522


Fair value adjustments		167,683			7,085			3,797			178,565

Balances at July 31, 2008		331,166			46,204			51,717			429,087
Acquisition (disposition) of investments, net		—			—			500			500
Cash advances (repayments)		(11,188	)		27			6,752			(4,409	)
Equity in net earnings (loss)		7,397			517			(2,110	)		5,804
Foreign currency transaction adjustment		11,179			—			—			11,179
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(47,746	)		(5,230	)		(5,048	)		(58,024	)

At December 31, 2008	$	290,808		$	41,518		$	51,811		$	384,137

The investments in the table above are not consolidated, but are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its investments in these entities in the balance sheet as “Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates.” The Company’s interests in their operations are recorded in the statement of operations as “Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates”. Accumulated undistributed earnings included in retained deficit for these investments were $3.6 million, $133.6 million and $112.8 million for December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

The fair value adjustments to the Company’s investment in ARN primarily relate to the Company’s proportionate share of indefinite-lived intangible assets and equity method goodwill.

Other Investments

Other investments of $33.5 million and $237.6 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, include marketable equity securities and other investments classified as follows:


(In thousands)	Fair
Investments	Value		Cost
2008
Available-for sale	$	27,110	$	27,110
Other cost investments		6,397		6,397

Total	$	33,507	$	33,507


	Fair		Unrealized		Realized
	Value		Gains		(Losses)		Cost
2007
Available-for sale	$	140,731	$	104,996	$	—	$	35,735
Trading		85,649		78,391		—		7,258
Other cost investments		11,218		—		—		11,218

Total	$	237,598	$	183,387	$	—	$	54,211

The accumulated net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax, of $69.4 million was recorded in shareholders’ equity in “Accumulated other comprehensive income” at December 31, 2007. The Company sold its American Tower Corporation securities in the second quarter of 2008 and recorded a gain of $30.4 million on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”. The net unrealized gain (loss) on trading securities of $10.7 million and $20.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, is recorded on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”. Other cost investments include various investments in companies for which there is no readily determinable market value.

The fair value of certain of the Company’s available-for-sale securities were below their cost each month subsequent to the closing of the merger. As a result, the Company considered the guidance in SAB Topic 5M and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, the Company concluded that the impairment was other than temporary and recorded a $116.6 million impairment charge on the statement of operations in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities”.

NOTE F — ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

The Company’s asset retirement obligation is reported in “Other long-term liabilities” and relates to its obligation to dismantle and remove outdoor advertising displays from leased land and to reclaim the site to its original condition upon the termination or non-renewal of a lease. The liability is capitalized as part of the related long-lived assets’ carrying value. Due to the high rate of lease renewals over a long period of time, the calculation assumes that all related assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. An estimate of third-party cost information is used with respect to the dismantling of the structures and the reclamation of the site. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of such costs over the retirement period is based on an estimated risk adjusted credit rate for the same period.

NOTE G — LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt at December 31, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following:


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	December 31,			December 31,
(In thousands)	2008			2007
Senior Secured Credit Facilities:
Term loan A	$	1,331,500		$	—
Term loan B		10,700,000			—
Term loan C		695,879			—
Revolving Credit Facility		220,000			—
Delayed Draw Facility		532,500			—
Receivables Based Facility		445,609			—
Other Secured Long-term Debt		6,604			8,297

Total Consolidated Secured Debt		13,932,092			8,297

Senior Cash Pay Notes		980,000			—
Senior Toggle Notes		1,330,000			—
Clear Channel Senior Notes:
4.625% Senior Notes Due 2008		—			500,000
6.625% Senior Notes Due 2008		—			125,000
4.25% Senior Notes Due 2009		500,000			500,000
7.65% Senior Notes Due 2010		133,681			750,000
4.5% Senior Notes Due 2010		250,000			250,000
6.25% Senior Notes Due 2011		722,941			750,000
4.4% Senior Notes Due 2011		223,279			250,000
5.0% Senior Notes Due 2012		275,800			300,000
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2013		475,739			500,000
5.5% Senior Notes Due 2014		750,000			750,000
4.9% Senior Notes Due 2015		250,000			250,000
5.5% Senior Notes Due 2016		250,000			250,000
6.875% Senior Debentures Due 2018		175,000			175,000
7.25% Senior Debentures Due 2027		300,000			300,000
Subsidiary level notes		—			644,860
Other long-term debt		69,260			97,822
$1.75 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility		—			174,619
Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue (discount) premium		(1,114,172	)		(11,849	)
Fair value adjustments related to interest rate swaps		—			11,438

		19,503,620			6,575,187
Less: current portion		562,923			1,360,199

Total long-term debt	$	18,940,697		$	5,214,988

The Company’s weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 was 6.0%. The aggregate market value of the Company’s debt based on quoted market prices for which quotes were available was approximately $17.2 billion and $5.9 billion at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The following is a summary of the terms of the Company’s debt incurred in connection with the merger:

	•		a $1.33 billion term loan A facility, with a maturity in July 2014;

	•		a $10.7 billion term loan B facility with a maturity in January 2016;

	•		a $695.9 million term loan C — asset sale facility, with a maturity in January 2016;

	•		a $750.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 which may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 7.65% senior notes due 2010, of which $532.5 million was drawn as of December 31, 2008;

	•		a $500.0 million delayed draw term loan facility with a maturity in January 2016 may be drawn to purchase or redeem Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.25% senior notes due 2009, of which none was drawn as of December 31, 2008;

	•		a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility with a maturity in July 2014, including a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility. At December 31, 2008, the outstanding balance on this facility was $220.0 million and, taking into account letters of credit of $304.1 million, $1.5 billion was available for future borrowings. Interest rates on this facility varied from 3.9% to 4.6%;

	•		a $783.5 million receivables based credit facility with a maturity in July 2014 providing revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the merger closing date plus $250.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. At December 31, 2008 the outstanding balance on this facility was $445.6 million, which was the maximum available under the borrowing base; and

	•		$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and $1.33 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016.

Each of the proceeding obligations are among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and each lender from time to time party to the credit agreements or senior cash pay and senior toggle notes. The following references to the Company in the discussion of the credit agreements, senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes are in respect to Clear Channel Communications, Inc.’s obligations under the credit agreements, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

Borrowings under the senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at the Company’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent and (B) the federal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentages applicable to the term loan facilities and revolving credit facility are the following percentages per annum:

	•		with respect to loans under the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility, (i) 2.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans, subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1; and

	•		with respect to loans under the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities, (i) 2.65% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

The Company is required to pay each revolving credit lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the revolving credit facility, which is 0.50% per annum. The Company is required to pay each delayed draw term facility lender a commitment fee in respect of any undrawn commitments under the delayed draw term facilities, which initially is 1.825% per annum until the delayed draw term facilities are fully drawn or commitments thereunder terminated.

The senior secured credit facilities require the Company to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

	•		50% (which percentage will be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon the Company’s leverage ratio) of the Company’s annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of term loans and revolving credit loans (to the extent accompanied by a permanent reduction of the commitment) and subject to customary credits;

	•		100% (which percentage will be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon the Company’s leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by the Company or its wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries (including casualty and condemnation events) of assets subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and

	•		100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under the senior secured credit facilities.

The Company may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under its senior secured credit facilities at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

The Company is required to repay the loans under its term loan facilities as follows:

	•		the term loan A facility will amortize in quarterly installments commencing on the first interest payment date after the second anniversary of the closing date of the merger in annual amounts equal to 5% of the original funded principal amount of such facility in years three and four, 10% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans; and

	•		the term loan B facility, term loan C — asset sale facility and delayed draw term loan facilities will amortize in quarterly installments on the first interest payment date after the third anniversary of the closing date of the merger, in annual amounts equal to 2.5% of the original funded principal amount of such facilities in years four and five and 1% thereafter, with the balance being payable on the final maturity date of such term loans.

The senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by each of the Company’s existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions, by:

	•		a first-priority lien on the capital stock of Clear Channel;

	•		100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes;

	•		certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes);

	•		certain assets that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing the Clear Channel senior notes; and

	•		a second-priority lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility.

The senior secured credit facilities require the Company to comply on a quarterly basis with a maximum consolidated senior secured net debt to adjusted EBITDA (as calculated in accordance with the senior secured credit facilities) ratio. This financial covenant becomes effective on March 31, 2009 (maximum of 9.5:1) and will become more restrictive over time. The Company’s senior secured debt consists of the senior secured facilities, the receivables based facility and certain other secured subsidiary debt. Secured leverage, defined as secured debt, net of cash, divided by the trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA was 6.4:1 at December 31, 2008. The Company’s consolidated EBITDA is calculated as its trailing twelve months operating income before depreciation, amortization, impairment charge, non-cash compensation, other operating income — net and merger expenses of $1.8 billion adjusted for certain items, including: (i) an increase for expected cost savings (limited to $100.0 million in any twelve month period) of $100.0 million; (ii) an increase of $43.1 million for cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; (iii) an increase of $17.0 million for non-cash items; (iv) an increase of $95.9 million related to expenses incurred associated with our restructuring program; and (v) an increase of $82.4 million for various other items.

In addition, the senior secured credit facilities include negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit the Company’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

	•		incur additional indebtedness;

	•		create liens on assets;

	•		engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

	•		sell assets;

	•		pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock;

	•		make investments, loans, or advances;

	•		prepay certain junior indebtedness;

	•		engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

	•		amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

	•		change its lines of business.

The senior secured credit facilities include certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, the invalidity of material provisions of the senior secured credit facilities documentation, the failure of collateral under the security documents for the senior secured credit facilities, the failure of the senior secured credit facilities to be senior debt under the subordination provisions of certain of the Company’s subordinated debt and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under the senior secured credit facilities and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Receivables Based Credit Facility

The receivables based credit facility of $783.5 million provides revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the initial borrowing of $533.5 million on the closing date plus $250 million, subject to a borrowing base. The borrowing base at any time equals 85% of the eligible accounts receivable for certain subsidiaries of the Company. The receivables based credit facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at the Company’s option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent and (B) the federal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentage applicable to the receivables based credit facility which is (i) 1.40% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 2.40% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 7 to 1.

The Company is required to pay each lender a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the receivables based credit facility, which is 0.375% per annum subject to downward adjustments if the Company’s leverage ratio of total debt to EBITDA decreases below 6 to 1.

If at any time the sum of the outstanding amounts under the receivables based credit facility (including the letter of credit outstanding amounts and swingline loans thereunder) exceeds the lesser of (i) the borrowing base and (ii) the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, the Company will be required to repay outstanding loans and cash collateralize letters of credit in an aggregate amount equal to such excess.

The Company may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the receivables based credit facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

The receivables based credit facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of the senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of the Company’s and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, subject to permitted liens and certain exceptions.

Senior Notes

The Company has outstanding $980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 (the “senior cash pay notes”) and $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016 (the “senior toggle notes” and, together with the senior cash pay notes, the “notes”).

The senior toggle notes mature on August 1, 2016 and may require a special redemption on August 1, 2015. The Company may elect on each interest election date to pay all or 50% of such interest on the senior toggle notes in cash or by increasing the principal amount of the senior toggle notes or by issuing new senior toggle notes (such increase or issuance, “PIK Interest”). Interest on the senior toggle notes payable in cash will accrue at a rate of 11.00% per annum and PIK Interest will accrue at a rate of 11.75% per annum.

The Company may redeem some or all of the notes at any time prior to August 1, 2012, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date and a “make-whole premium,” as described in the notes. The Company may redeem some or all of the notes at any time on or after August 1, 2012 at the redemption prices set forth in notes. In addition, the Company may redeem up to 40% of any series of the outstanding notes at any time on or prior to August 1, 2011 with the net cash proceeds raised in one or more equity offerings. If the Company undergoes a change of control, sells certain of its assets, or issues certain debt offerings, it may be required to offer to purchase notes from holders.

The notes are senior unsecured debt and rank equal in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior debt. Guarantors of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and the receivables based credit facility guarantee the notes with unconditional guarantees that are unsecured and equal in right of payment to all existing and future senior debt of such guarantors, except that the guarantees are subordinated in right of payment only to the guarantees of obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and the receivables based credit facility. In addition, the notes and the guarantees are structurally senior to Clear Channel’s senior notes and existing and future debt to the extent that such debt is not guaranteed by the guarantors of the notes. The notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the existing and future secured debt and that of the guarantors to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to all obligations of subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes.

Subsidiary Level Notes

AMFM Operating Inc. (“AMFM”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, had outstanding 8% senior notes due 2008. An aggregate principal amount of $639.2 million of the 8% senior notes was repurchased pursuant to a tender offer and consent solicitation in connection with the merger and a loss of $8.0 million was recorded in “Other income (expense) — net” in the pre-merger consolidated income statement. The remaining 8% senior notes were redeemed at maturity on November 1, 2008.

Debt Maturities

On January 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 4.625% senior notes at their maturity for $500.0 million plus accrued interest with proceeds from its bank credit facility.

On June 15, 2008, Clear Channel redeemed its 6.625% Senior Notes at their maturity for $125.0 million with available cash on hand.

Clear Channel’s $1.75 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility was terminated in connection with the closing of the merger. There was no outstanding balance on the facility on the date it was terminated.

Tender Offers

On August 7, 2008, Clear Channel announced that it commenced a cash tender offer and consent solicitation for its outstanding $750.0 million principal amount of 7.65% senior notes due 2010. The tender offer and consent payment expired on September 9, 2008. The aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $363.9 million. Clear Channel recorded a loss of $21.8 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the pre-merger period as a result of the tender.

On November 24, 2008, Clear Channel announced that it commenced another cash tender offer to purchase its outstanding 7.65% Senior Notes due 2010. The tender offer and consent payment expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amount of 7.65% senior notes validly tendered and accepted for payment was $252.4 million. The Company recorded a gain of $74.7 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the post-merger period as a result of the tender.

Clear Channel also announced on November 24, 2008 that its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, CC Finco, LLC, commenced a cash tender offers for Clear Channel’s outstanding 6.25% Senior Notes due 2011 (“6.25 Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 4.40% Senior Notes due 2011 (“4.40% Notes”), Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.00% Senior Notes due 2012 (“5.00% Notes”) and Clear Channel’s outstanding 5.75% Senior Notes due 2013 (“5.75% Notes”). The tender offers and consent payments expired on December 23, 2008. The aggregate principal amounts of the 6.25% Notes, 4.40% Notes, 5.00% Notes and 5.75% Notes validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the tender offers was $27.1 million, $26.7 million, $24.2 million and $24.3 million, respectively, and CC Finco, LLC purchased and currently holds such tendered notes. The Company recorded an aggregate gain of $49.7 million in “Other income (expense) — Net” during the post-merger period as a result of the tenders.

Other

All purchase accounting fair value adjustments to debt, fees and initial offering discounts are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the respective notes.

Future maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 2008 are as follows:


(In thousands)
2009	$	569,527
2010		417,779
2011		1,162,280
2012		674,282
2013		822,372
Thereafter		16,971,552

Total ⁽¹⁾	$	20,617,792


⁽¹⁾		Excludes a negative purchase accounting fair value adjustment of $1.1 billion, which is amortized through interest expense over the life of the underlying debt obligations.

NOTE H — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company has entered into $6.0 billion aggregate notional amount of interest rate swaps. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and credit quality of, the financial institutions which are counterparties to its interest rate swaps. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to the interest rate swaps. However, the Company considers this risk to be low.

Interest Rate Swaps

The Company’s aggregate $6.0 billion notional amount interest rate swap agreements are designated as a cash flow hedge and the effective portion of the gain or loss on the swap is reported as a component of other comprehensive income. The Company entered into the swaps to effectively convert a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed basis, thus reducing the impact of interest-rate changes on future interest expense. The aggregate fair value of these interest rate swaps of $118.8 million was recorded on the balance sheet as “Other long-term liabilities” at December 31, 2008. Accumulated other comprehensive income is adjusted to reflect the change in the fair value of the swaps. The balance in other comprehensive income was $75.1 million at December 31, 2008. No ineffectiveness was recorded in earnings related to these interest rate swaps.

Clear Channel had $1.1 billion of interest rate swaps at December 31, 2007 that were designated as fair value hedges of the underlying fixed-rate debt obligations. On December 31, 2007, the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements was recorded on the balance sheet as “Other long-term assets” with the offset recorded in “Long-term debt” of approximately $11.4 million. Clear Channel terminated these interest rate swaps effective July 10, 2008 and received proceeds of approximately $15.4 million. These interest rate swaps were recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, which was equivalent to the proceeds received.

Secured Forward Exchange Contracts

In 2001, Clear Channel Investments, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Clear Channel, entered into two ten-year secured forward exchange contracts that monetized 2.9 million shares of its investment in American Tower Corporation (“AMT”). The AMT contracts had a value of $17.0 million recorded in “Other long term liabilities” at December 31, 2007. These contracts were not designated as a hedge of the Clear Channel’s cash flow exposure of the forecasted sale of the AMT shares. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, Clear Channel recognized losses of $6.7 million and $22.0 million, respectively, in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities” related to the change in the fair value of these contracts. To offset the change in the fair value of these contracts, Clear Channel recorded AMT shares as trading securities. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, Clear Channel recognized income of $10.7 million and $20.5 million, respectively, in “Gain (loss) on marketable securities” related to the change in the fair value of the shares. Clear Channel terminated the contracts effective June 13, 2008, receiving net proceeds of $15.2 million. A net gain of $27.0 million was recorded in the pre-merger period in “Gain on marketable securities” related to terminating the contracts and selling the underlying AMT shares.

Foreign Currency Rate Management

Clear Channel held two United States dollar — Euro cross currency swaps with an aggregate Euro notional amount of €706.0 million and a corresponding aggregate U.S. dollar notional amount of $877.7 million. These cross currency swaps had a value of $127.4 million at December 31, 2007 and were recorded in “Other long-term obligations”. Clear Channel designated the cross currency swaps as a hedge of its net investment in Euro denominated assets. Clear Channel recorded all changes in the fair value of the cross currency swaps and the semiannual cash payments as a cumulative translation adjustment in other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2007, a $73.5 million loss, net of tax, was recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment to “Other comprehensive income (loss)” related to the cross currency swaps. Clear Channel terminated its cross currency swap contracts on July 30, 2008 by paying the counterparty $196.2 million from available cash on hand. The contracts were recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, which was equivalent to the cash paid to terminate them. The related fair value adjustments in other comprehensive income were deleted when the merger took place.

NOTE I — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“Statement 157”) on January 1, 2008 and began to apply its recognition and disclosure provisions to its financial assets and financial liabilities that are remeasured at fair value at least annually. Statement 157 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company’s marketable equity securities and interest rate swaps are measured at fair value on each reporting date.

The marketable equity securities are measured at fair value using quoted prices in active markets. Due to the fact that the inputs used to measure the marketable equity securities at fair value are observable, the Company has categorized the fair value measurements of the securities as Level 1. The fair value of these securities at December 31, 2008 was $27.1 million.

The Company’s aggregate $6.0 billion notional amount of interest rate swap agreements are designated as a cash flow hedge and the effective portion of the gain or loss on the swap is reported as a component of other comprehensive income. The Company entered into the swaps to effectively convert a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed basis, thus reducing the impact of interest-rate changes on future interest expense. Due to the fact that the inputs to the model used to estimate fair value are either directly or indirectly observable, the Company classified the fair value measurements of these agreements as Level 2. The aggregate fair value of the interest rate swaps at December 31, 2008 was a liability of $118.8 million.

NOTE J — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company accounts for its rentals that include renewal options, annual rent escalation clauses, minimum franchise payments and maintenance related to displays under the guidance in EITF 01-8, Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease (“EITF 01-8”), Financial Accounting Standards No. 13, Accounting for Leases, Financial Accounting Standards No. 29, Determining Contingent Rentals an amendment of FASB Statement No. 13 (“Statement 29”) and FASB Technical Bulletin 85-3, Accounting for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases (“FTB 85-3”).

The Company considers its non-cancelable contracts that enable it to display advertising on buses, taxis, trains, bus shelters, etc. to be leases in accordance with the guidance in EITF 01-8. These contracts may contain minimum annual franchise payments which generally escalate each year. The Company accounts for these minimum franchise payments on a straight-line basis in accordance with FTB 85-3. If the rental increases are not scheduled in the lease, for example an increase based on the CPI, those rents are considered contingent rentals and are recorded as expense when accruable. Other contracts may contain a variable rent component based on revenue. The Company accounts

for these variable components as contingent rentals under Statement 29, and records these payments as expense when accruable.

The Company accounts for annual rent escalation clauses included in the lease term on a straight-line basis under the guidance in FTB 85-3. The Company considers renewal periods in determining its lease terms if at inception of the lease there is reasonable assurance the lease will be renewed. Expenditures for maintenance are charged to operations as incurred, whereas expenditures for renewal and betterments are capitalized.

The Company leases office space, certain broadcasting facilities, equipment and the majority of the land occupied by its outdoor advertising structures under long-term operating leases. The Company accounts for these leases in accordance with the policies described above.

The Company’s contracts with municipal bodies or private companies relating to street furniture, billboard, transit and malls generally require the Company to build bus stops, kiosks and other public amenities or advertising structures during the term of the contract. The Company owns these structures and is generally allowed to advertise on them for the remaining term of the contract. Once the Company has built the structure, the cost is capitalized and expensed over the shorter of the economic life of the asset or the remaining life of the contract.

Certain of the Company’s contracts contain penalties for not fulfilling its commitments related to its obligations to build bus stops, kiosks and other public amenities or advertising structures. Historically, any such penalties have not materially impacted the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

As of December 31, 2008, the Company’s future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements with terms in excess of one year, minimum payments under non-cancelable contracts in excess of one year, and capital expenditure commitments consist of the following:


	Non-Cancelable		Non-Cancelable		Capital
(In thousands)	Operating Leases		Contracts		Expenditures
2009	$	383,568	$	673,900	$	76,760
2010		337,654		454,402		44,776
2011		290,230		404,659		17,650
2012		247,364		265,011		4,666
2013		220,720		206,755		4,670
Thereafter		1,265,574		643,535		3,141

Total	$	2,745,110	$	2,648,262	$	151,663

Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 was $526.6 million. Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008 was $755.4 million. Rent expense charged to continuing operations for the pre-merger periods 2007 and 2006 was $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively.

In November 2006 Plaintiff Grantley Patent Holdings, Ltd. sued Clear Channel and nine of its subsidiaries for patent infringement in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, as described in more detail in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 10, 2008 for the quarter ended September 30, 2008. On December 29, 2008, the parties entered into a settlement agreement. The settlement is on terms that are not material to us and does not constitute an admission of wrongdoing or liability by us.

The Company is currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, has accrued its estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in the Company’s assumptions or the effectiveness of its strategies related to these proceedings.

In various areas in which the Company operates, outdoor advertising is the object of restrictive and, in some cases, prohibitive zoning and other regulatory provisions, either enacted or proposed. The impact to the Company of loss of displays due to governmental action has been somewhat mitigated by federal and state laws mandating compensation for such loss and constitutional restraints.

Certain acquisition agreements include deferred consideration payments based on performance requirements by the seller typically involving the completion of a development or obtaining appropriate permits that enable the Company to construct additional advertising displays. At December 31, 2008, the Company believes its maximum aggregate contingency, which is subject to performance requirements by the seller, is approximately $35.0 million. As the contingencies have not been met or resolved as of December 31, 2008, these amounts are not recorded. If future payments are made, amounts will be recorded as additional purchase price.

The Company is a party to various put agreements that may require additional investments to be made by the Company in the future. The put values are contingent upon the financial performance of the investee and are typically based on the investee meeting certain EBITDA targets, as defined in the agreement. The Company will continue to accrue additional amounts related to such contingent payments if and when it is determinable that the applicable financial performance targets will be met. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets are met, would not significantly impact the financial position or results of operations of the Company.

NOTE K — GUARANTEES

At December 31, 2008, the Company guaranteed $39.8 million of credit lines provided to certain of its international subsidiaries by a major international bank. Most of these credit lines related to intraday overdraft facilities covering participants in the Company’s European cash management pool. As of December 31, 2008, no amounts were outstanding under these agreements.

As of December 31, 2008, the Company had outstanding commercial standby letters of credit and surety bonds of $367.6 million and $211.4 million, respectively. Letters of credit in the amount of $154.8 million are collateral in support of surety bonds and these amounts would only be drawn under the letters of credit in the event the associated surety bonds were funded and the Company did not honor its reimbursement obligation to the issuers.

These letters of credit and surety bonds relate to various operational matters including insurance, bid, and performance bonds as well as other items.

NOTE L — INCOME TAXES

Significant components of the provision for income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	period ended			period ended
	December 31,			July 30,			Pre-merger			Pre-merger
(In thousands)	2008			2008			2007			2006
Current — federal	$	(100,578	)	$	(6,535	)	$	187,700		$	211,444
Current — foreign		15,755			24,870			43,776			40,454
Current — state		8,094			8,945			21,434			26,765

Total current (benefit) expense		(76,729	)		27,280			252,910			278,663
Deferred — federal		(555,679	)		145,149			175,524			185,053
Deferred — foreign		(17,762	)		(12,662	)		(1,400	)		(9,134	)
Deferred — state		(46,453	)		12,816			14,114			15,861

Total deferred (benefit) expense		(619,894	)		145,303			188,238			191,780

Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(696,623	)	$	172,583		$	441,148		$	470,443

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:


(In thousands)	2008		2007
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangibles and fixed assets	$	2,332,924	$	921,497
Long-term debt		352,057		—
Unrealized gain in marketable securities		—		20,715
Foreign		87,654		7,799
Equity in earnings		27,872		44,579
Investments		15,268		17,585
Deferred Income		—		4,940
Other		25,836		11,814

Total deferred tax liabilities		2,841,611		1,028,929

Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses		129,684		91,080
Long-term debt		—		56,026
Unrealized gain in marketable securities		29,438		—
Net operating loss/Capital loss carryforwards		319,530		521,187
Bad debt reserves		28,248		14,051
Deferred Income		976		—
Other		17,857		90,511

Total gross deferred tax assets		525,733		772,855
Valuation allowance		319,530		516,922

Total deferred tax assets		206,203		255,933

Net deferred tax liabilities	$	2,635,408	$	772,996

For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded approximately $2.5 billion in additional deferred tax liabilities associated with the applied purchase accounting adjustments resulting from the acquisition of Clear Channel. The additional deferred tax liabilities primarily relate to differences between the purchase accounting adjusted book basis and the historical tax basis of the Company’s intangible assets. During the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded an impairment charge to its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill resulting in a decrease of approximately $648.2 million in recorded deferred tax liabilities. Included in the Company’s net deferred tax liabilities are $43.9 million and $20.9 million of current net deferred tax assets for 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company presents these assets in “Other current assets” on its consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $2.7 billion and $793.9 million of net deferred tax liabilities for 2008 and 2007, respectively, are presented in “Deferred tax liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

At December 31, 2008, net deferred tax liabilities include a deferred tax asset of $16.1 million relating to stock-based compensation expense under Statement 123(R). Full realization of this deferred tax asset requires stock options to be exercised at a price equaling or exceeding the sum of the grant price plus the fair value of the option at the grant date and restricted stock to vest at a price equaling or exceeding the fair market value at the grant date. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the stock price of the Company’s common stock will rise to levels sufficient to realize the entire tax benefit currently reflected in its balance sheet.

The deferred tax liability related to intangibles and fixed assets primarily relates to the difference in book and tax basis of acquired FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill created from the Company’s various stock acquisitions. In accordance with Statement 142, the Company no longer amortizes FCC licenses and permits. As a result, this deferred tax liability will not reverse over time unless the Company recognizes future impairment charges related to its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill or sells its FCC licenses or permits. As the Company continues to amortize its tax basis in its FCC licenses, permits and tax deductible goodwill, the deferred tax liability will increase over time.

During 2005, Clear Channel recognized a capital loss of approximately $2.4 billion as a result of the spin-off of Live Nation. Of the $2.4 billion capital loss, approximately $734.5 million was used to offset capital gains recognized in 2002, 2003 and 2004 and Clear Channel received the related $257.0 million tax refund on October 12, 2006. During 2008, Clear Channel used $585.3 million of the capital loss to offset the gain on sale of its television business and certain radio stations. As of December 31, 2008, the remaining capital loss carryforward is approximately $699.6 million and it can be used to offset future capital gains through 2009. The Company has recorded an after tax valuation allowance of $257.4 million related to the capital loss carryforward due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize the carryforward prior to its expiration. If the Company is able to utilize the capital loss carryforward in future years, the valuation allowance will be released and be recorded as a current tax benefit in the year the losses are utilized.

The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rates to income tax expense (benefit) is:


	Post-merger period ended						Pre-merger period ended
	December 31, 2008						July 30, 2008						2007						2006
(In thousands)	Amount			Percent			Amount			Percent			Amount			Percent			Amount		Percent
Income tax expense (benefit) at statutory rates	$	(2,008,040	)		35	%	$	205,108			35	%	$	448,298			35	%	$	399,423		35	%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		(38,359	)		1	%		21,760			4	%		35,548			3	%		42,626		4	%
Foreign taxes		95,478			(2	%)		(29,606	)		(5	%)		(8,857	)		(1	%)		6,391		1	%
Nondeductible items		1,591			(0	%)		2,464			0	%		6,228			0	%		2,607		0	%
Changes in valuation allowance and other estimates		53,877			(1	%)		(32,256	)		(6	%)		(34,005	)		(3	%)		16,482		1	%
Impairment charge		1,194,182			(21	%)		—			—			—			—			—		—
Other, net		4,648			(0	%)		5,113			1	%		(6,064	)		(0	%)		2,914		0	%

	$	(696,623	)		12	%	$	172,583			29	%	$	441,148			34	%	$	470,443		41	%

A tax benefit was recorded for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 of 12% and reflects the Company’s ability to recover a limited amount of the Company’s prior period tax liabilities through certain net operating loss carrybacks. Due to the lack of earnings history as a merged company and limitations on net operating loss carryback claims allowed; the Company cannot rely on future earnings and carryback claims as a means to realize deferred tax assets which may arise as a result of future period net operating losses. Pursuant to the provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, deferred tax valuation allowances would be required on those deferred tax assets. The effective tax rate for the post-merger period was primarily impacted due to the impairment charge. In addition, the Company recorded a valuation allowance on certain net operating losses generated during the post-merger period that are not able to be carried back to prior years. The effective tax rate for the pre-merger period was primarily impacted by the tax effect of the disposition of certain radio broadcasting assets and investments.

During 2007, Clear Channel utilized approximately $2.2 million of net operating loss carryforwards, the majority of which were generated by certain acquired companies prior to their acquisition by Clear Channel. The utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards reduced current taxes payable and current tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2007. Clear Channel’s effective income tax rate for 2007 was 34.4% as compared to 41.2% for 2006. For 2007, the effective tax rate was primarily affected by the recording of current tax benefits of approximately $45.7 million related to the settlement of several tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the 1999 through 2004 tax years and deferred tax benefits of approximately $14.6 million related to the release of valuation allowances for the use of certain capital loss carryforwards. These tax benefits were partially offset by additional current tax expense being recorded in 2007 due to an increase in Income before income taxes of $139.6 million.

During 2006, Clear Channel utilized approximately $70.3 million of net operating loss carryforwards, the majority of which were generated during 2005. The utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards reduced current taxes payable and current tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2006. In addition, current tax expense was reduced by approximately $22.1 million related to the disposition of certain operating assets and the filing of an

amended tax return during 2006. As discussed above, the Company recorded a capital loss on the spin-off of Live Nation. During 2006 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance was adjusted to the final amount reported on our 2005 filed tax return.

The remaining federal net operating loss carryforwards of $168.8 million expires in various amounts from 2009 to 2028.

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken within an income tax return. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in a decrease of $0.2 million to the January 1, 2007 balance of “Retained deficit”, an increase of $101.7 million in “Other long term-liabilities” for unrecognized tax benefits and a decrease of $123.0 million in “Deferred income taxes”. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2007 was $416.1 million, inclusive of $89.6 million for interest.

The Company continues to record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in current income tax expense. The total amount of interest accrued at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $53.5 million and $43.0 million, respectively. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $267.8 million and $237.1 million, respectively, and is recorded in “Other long-term liabilities” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Of this total, $250.0 million at December 31, 2008 represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods.


	Post-merger period			Pre-merger period
	ended December 31,			ended July 30,			Pre-merger
Unrecognized Tax Benefits (In thousands)	2008			2008			2007
Balance at beginning of period	$	207,884		$	194,060		$	326,478
Increases for tax position taken in the current year		35,942			8,845			18,873
Increases for tax positions taken in previous years		3,316			7,019			45,404
Decreases for tax position taken in previous years		(20,564	)		(1,764	)		(175,036	)
Decreases due to settlements with tax authorities		(9,975	)		(276	)		(21,200	)
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations		(2,294	)		—			(459	)

Balance at end of period	$	214,309		$	207,884		$	194,060

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. As stated above, the Company settled several federal tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) during the year ended December 31, 2007. As a result of the settlement the Company reduced its balance of unrecognized tax benefits by $246.2 million. During 2008, the Company favorably settled certain issues in foreign jurisdictions that resulted in the decrease in unrecognized tax benefits. In addition, as a result of the currency fluctuations during 2008, the balance of unrecognized tax benefits decreased approximately $12.0 million. The IRS is currently auditing the Company’s 2005 and 2006 tax years. The Company does not expect to resolve any material federal tax positions within the next twelve months. Substantially all material state, local, and foreign income tax matters have been concluded for years through 2000.

NOTE M — SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

In connection with the merger, the Company issued approximately 23.6 million shares of Class A common stock, approximately 0.6 million shares of Class B common stock and approximately 59.0 million shares of Class C common stock. Every holder of shares of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of Class A common stock. Every holder of shares of Class B common stock is entitled to a number of votes per share equal to the number obtained by dividing (a) the sum of the total number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote and the number of shares of Class C common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote by (b) the number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding as of the record date for such vote.Except as otherwise required by law, the holders of outstanding shares of Class C common stock are not entitled to any votes upon any matters presented to our stockholders.

100

Except with respect to voting as described above, and as otherwise required by law, all shares of Class A common stock, Class B common stock and Class C common stock have the same powers, privileges, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, and will be identical to each other in all respects.

Vesting of certain Clear Channel stock options and restricted stock awards was accelerated upon closing of the merger. As a result, except for certain executive officers and holders of certain options that could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date, holders of stock options received cash or, if elected, an amount of Company stock, in each case equal to the intrinsic value of the awards based on a market price of $36.00 per share. Holders of restricted stock awards received $36.00 per share in cash, without interest, if elected, or a share of Company stock per share of Clear Channel restricted stock. Approximately $39.2 million of share-based compensation was recognized in the pre-merger period as a result of the accelerated vesting of the stock options and restricted stock awards.

Dividends

Clear Channel’s Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends as follows.

(In millions, except per share data)

Amount per

Declaration

Common

Date

Record Date

Payment Date

Total Payment

2007:

February 21, 2007

0.1875

March 31, 2007

April 15, 2007

93.0

April 19, 2007

0.1875

June 30, 2007

July 15, 2007

93.4

July 27, 2007

0.1875

September 30, 2007

October 15, 2007

93.4

December 3, 2007

0.1875

December 31, 2007

January 15, 2008

93.4

Clear Channel did not declare dividends in 2008. The Company currently does not intend to pay regular quarterly cash dividends on the shares of its Class A common stock. Clear Channel’s debt financing arrangements include restrictions on its ability to pay dividends thereby limiting the Company’s ability to pay dividends.

Share-Based Payments

Stock Options

Prior to the merger, Clear Channel granted options to purchase its common stock to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its various equity incentive plans typically at no less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options were granted for a term not exceeding ten years and were forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminated his or her employment or relationship with Clear Channel or one of its affiliates. Prior to acceleration, if any, in connection with the merger, these options vested over a period of up to five years. All equity incentive plans contained anti-dilutive provisions that permitted an adjustment of the number of shares of Clear Channel’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.

At July 30, 2008, immediately prior to the effectiveness of the merger, there were 23,433,092 outstanding Clear Channel stock options held by Clear Channel’s employees and directors under Clear Channel’s equity incentive plans. Of these Clear Channel stock options, 7,407,103 had an exercise price below $36.00, and were considered “in the money.” Each Clear Channel stock option that was outstanding and unexercised as of the date of the merger, other than certain stock options described below, whether vested or unvested, automatically became fully vested and converted into the right to receive a cash payment or equity in the Company equal to the value of the product of the excess, if any, of the $36.00 over the exercise price per share of the Clear Channel stock option. Following the merger, Clear Channel stock options automatically ceased to exist and are no longer outstanding and, following the receipt of the cash payment or equity, if any, described in the preceding sentence, the holders thereof ceased to have any rights with respect to Clear Channel stock options.

101

Some of the outstanding “in the money” Clear Channel stock options held by certain executive officers were not converted into the right to receive a cash payment or equity in the Company based on their intrinsic value on the date of the merger, but rather were converted into options to purchase shares of the Company following the merger. Such conversions were based on the fair market value of Company stock on the merger date and also preserved the aggregate spread value of the converted options. An aggregate of 1,749,075 shares of Clear Channel stock options held by these executive officers with a weighted average exercise price of $32.63 per share were converted into vested stock options to purchase 235,393 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $10.99 per share. Additionally, vested options to acquire 170,329 shares of Clear Channel common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $57.28 on the date of the merger could not, by their terms, be cancelled prior to their stated expiration date. These stock options were converted, on a one-for-one basis, into stock options to acquire shares of the Company’s Class A common stock.

The following table presents a summary of Clear Channel’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):


(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2008		30,643		$	43.56
Granted		—			n/a
Exercised (a)		(438	)		30.85
Forfeited		(298	)		31.47
Expired		(22,330	)		47.61
Settled at merger (b)		(5,658	)		32.16
Converted into options in the Company		(1,919	)		34.82

Outstanding, July 30, 2008		0			n/a


(a)		Cash received from option exercises during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $13.5 million, and Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $0.9 million relating to the options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008. The cash flows from the tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) is to be classified as financing cash flows. The excess tax benefit that is required to be classified as a financing cash inflow is not material. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $1.7 million.

(b)		Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $8.1 million relating to the options settled upon the closing of the merger.

A summary of Clear Channel’s unvested options at December 31, 2007, and changes during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008, is presented below:


				Weighted Average
				Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Fair Value
Unvested, January 1, 2008		6,817		$	10.80
Granted		—			n/a
Vested (a)		(6,519	)		10.81
Forfeited		(298	)		8.33

Unvested, July 30, 2008		0			n/a


(a)		The total fair value of options vested during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 was $71.2 million. Upon closing of the merger, 4.1 million Clear Channel unvested stock options became vested. As a result, Clear Channel recorded $12.9 million in non-cash compensation expense on July 30, 2008.

102

In connection with, and prior to, the merger, the Company adopted a new equity incentive plan (“2008 Incentive Plan”), under which it grants options to purchase its Class A common stock to its employees and directors and its affiliates at no less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options are granted for a term not exceeding ten years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminates his or her employment or relationship with the Company or one of its affiliates. The 2008 Incentive Plan contains antidilutive provisions that permit an adjustment of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.

On July 30, 2008, the Company granted 7,417,307 options to purchase Class A common stock to certain key executives at $36.00 per share under the 2008 Incentive Plan. Of these options, 3,166,830 will vest based solely on continued service over a period of up to five years with the remainder becoming eligible to vest over five years if certain predetermined performance targets are met. All options were granted for a term of ten years and will be forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his or her employment or relationship with the Company. The fair value of the portion of options that vest based on continued service was estimated on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the fair value of the remaining options which contain vesting provisions subject to service, market and performance conditions was estimated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo model. Expected volatilities were based on implied volatilities from traded options on peer companies, historical volatility on peer companies’ stock, and other factors. The expected life of the options granted represents the period of time that the options granted are expected to be outstanding. The Company used historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods equal to the expected life of the option. The following assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of these options:


Expected volatility			58%
Expected life in years			5.5 — 7.5
Risk-free interest rate			3.46% — 3.83%
Dividend yield			0%

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):


						Weighted Average	Aggregate
						Remaining	Intrinsic
(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Price		Contractual Term	Value
Clear Channel options converted		406		$	30.42
Granted (a)		7,417			36.00
Exercised		—			n/a
Forfeited		(64	)		36.00
Expired		(8	)		46.32

Outstanding, December 31, 2008		7,751			35.70	9.28 years	$	0

Exercisable		397			30.05	3.73 years	$	0
Expect to Vest		3,004			36.00	9.58 years	$	0


(a)		The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted on July 30, 2008 was $21.20. Non-cash compensation expense has not been recorded with respect to 4.3 million shares of this grant as the vesting of these options is subject to performance conditions that have not yet been determined probable to meet.

103

A summary of the Company’s unvested options and changes during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008, is presented below:


				Weighted Average
				Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Fair Value
Granted		7,417		$	21.20
Vested		—			n/a
Forfeited		(63	)		20.73

Unvested, December 31, 2008		7,354			21.20

Restricted Stock Awards

Prior to the merger, Clear Channel granted restricted stock awards to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its various equity incentive plans. These common shares held a legend which restricted their transferability for a term of up to five years and were forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminated his or her employment or relationship with Clear Channel prior to the lapse of the restriction. Recipients of the restricted stock awards were entitled to all cash dividends as of the date the award was granted.

At July 30, 2008, there were 2,692,904 outstanding Clear Channel restricted stock awards held by Clear Channel’s employees and directors under Clear Channel’s equity incentive plans. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, 1,876,315 of the Clear Channel restricted stock awards became fully vested and converted into the right to receive, with respect to each share of such restricted stock, a cash payment or equity in the Company equal to the value of $36.00 per share. The remaining 816,589 shares of Clear Channel restricted stock were converted on a one-for-one basis into restricted stock of the Company. These converted shares continue to vest in accordance with their original terms. Following the merger, Clear Channel restricted stock automatically ceased to exist and is no longer outstanding, and, following the receipt of the cash payment or equity, if any, described above, the holders thereof no longer have any rights with respect to Clear Channel restricted stock.

The following table presents a summary of Clear Channel’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):


(In thousands, except per share data)	Awards			Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2008		3,301		$	34.52
Granted		—			n/a
Vested (restriction lapsed) (a)		(470	)		36.58
Forfeited		(138	)		33.60
Settled at merger (b)		(1,876	)		32.53
Converted into restricted stock of the Company		(817	)		38.06

Outstanding, July 30, 2008		0			n/a


(a)		Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $6.5 million relating to restricted shares that vested during the pre-merger period from January 1 through July 30, 2008.

(b)		Upon closing of the merger, 1.9 million shares of Clear Channel restricted stock became vested. As a result, Clear Channel recorded $26.3 million in non-cash compensation on July 30, 2008. Clear Channel received an income tax benefit of $25.4 million relating to the restricted shares settled upon closing of the merger, $23.2 million was recorded as a tax benefit on the consolidated statements of operations and $2.2 million was recorded to additional paid in capital.

On July 30, 2008, the Company granted 555,556 shares of restricted stock to each its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer under its 2008 Incentive Plan. The aggregate fair value of these awards was $40.0 million, based on the market value of a share of the Company’s Class A common stock on the grant date, or $36.00 per share. These Class A common shares are subject to restrictions on their transferability, which lapse ratably over a

104

term of five years and will be forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his employment or relationship with the Company prior to the lapse of the restriction. The following table presents a summary of the Company’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):


(In thousands, except per share data)	Awards			Price
Clear Channel restricted stock converted		817		$	36.00
Granted		1,111			36.00
Vested (restriction lapsed)		(1	)		36.00
Forfeited		(40	)		36.00

Outstanding, December 31, 2008		1,887			36.00

Subsidiary Share-Based Awards

The Company’s subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (“CCO”), grants options to purchase shares of its Class A common stock to its employees and directors and its affiliates under its equity incentive plan typically at no less than the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These options are granted for a term not exceeding ten years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee or director terminates his or her employment or relationship with CCO or one of its affiliates. These options vest over a period of up to five years. The incentive stock plan contains anti-dilutive provisions that permit an adjustment of the number of shares of CCO’s common stock represented by each option for any change in capitalization.

Prior to CCO’s IPO, CCO did not have any compensation plans under which it granted stock awards to employees. However, Clear Channel had granted certain of CCO’s officers and other key employees, stock options to purchase shares of Clear Channel’s common stock under its own equity incentive plans. Concurrent with the closing of CCO’s IPO, all such outstanding options to purchase shares of Clear Channel’s common stock held by CCO employees were converted using an intrinsic value method into options to purchase shares of CCO Class A common stock.

The fair value of each option awarded on CCO common stock is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from traded options on CCO’s stock, historical volatility on CCO’s stock, and other factors. The expected life of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. CCO uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. CCO includes estimated forfeitures in its compensation cost and updates the estimated forfeiture rate through the final vesting date of awards. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods equal to the expected life of the option. The following assumptions were used to calculate the fair value of CCO’s options on the date of grant:


	Post-Merger		Pre-Merger
	Period from		Period from
	July 31		January 1
	through		through	Year Ended	Year Ended
	December 31,		July 30,	December 31,	December 31,
	2008		2008	2007	2006
Expected volatility		n/a	27%	27%	27%
Expected life in years		n/a	5.5 — 7.0	5.0 — 7.0	5.0 — 7.5
Risk-free interest rate		n/a	3.24% — 3.38%	4.76% — 4.89%	4.58% — 5.08%
Dividend yield		n/a	0%	0%	0%

105

The following table presents a summary of CCO’s stock options outstanding at and stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average exercise price per share):


						Weighted
						Average	Aggregate
						Remaining	Intrinsic
(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Price		Contractual Term	Value
Pre-Merger
Outstanding, January 1, 2008		7,536		$	23.08
Granted (a)		1,881			20.64
Exercised (b)		(233	)		18.28
Forfeited		(346	)		19.95
Expired		(548	)		30.62

Outstanding, July 30, 2008		8,290			22.30

Post-Merger

Granted		—			n/a
Exercised		—			n/a
Forfeited		(49	)		19.87
Expired		(528	)		26.41

Outstanding, December 31, 2008		7,713			22.03	5.2 years	$	—

Exercisable		2,979			24.28	2.4 years		—
Expect to vest		4,734			20.62	6.9 years		—


(a)		The weighted average grant date fair value of CCO options granted during the pre-merger prior from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008 was $7.10. The weighted average grant date fair value of CCO options granted during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $11.05 and $6.76, respectively.

(b)		Cash received from CCO option exercises during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, was $4.3 million. Cash received from CCO option exercises during the pre-merger year ended December 31, 2007, was $10.8 million. The total intrinsic value of CCO options exercised during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, was $0.7 million. The total intrinsic value of CCO options exercised during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $2.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

106

A summary of CCO’s nonvested options at and changes during the year ended December 31, 2008, is presented below:


				Weighted
				Average
				Grant Date
(In thousands, except per share data)	Options			Fair Value
Pre-Merger
Nonvested, January 1, 2008		4,622		$	7.01
Granted		1,881			7.10
Vested (a)		(978	)		5.81
Forfeited		(346	)		7.01

Nonvested, July 31, 2008		5,179			7.28

Post-Merger

Granted		—			n/a
Vested (a)		(396	)		5.81
Forfeited		(49	)		7.17

Nonvested, December 31, 2008		4,734			7.40


(a)		The total fair value of CCO options vested during the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008 was $5.7 million. The total fair value of CCO options vested during the post-merger period from July 31 through December 31, 2008 was $2.3 million. The total fair value of CCO options vested during the pre-merger years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $2.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards

CCO also grants restricted stock awards to employees and directors of CCO and its affiliates. These common shares hold a legend which restricts their transferability for a term of up to five years and are forfeited, except in certain circumstances, in the event the employee terminates his or her employment or relationship with CCO prior to the lapse of the restriction. Restricted stock awards are granted under the CCO equity incentive plan.

The following table presents a summary of CCO’s restricted stock outstanding at and restricted stock activity during the year ended December 31, 2008 (“Price” reflects the weighted average share price at the date of grant):


(In thousands, except per share data)	Awards			Price
Pre-Merger
Outstanding, January 1, 2008		491		$	24.57
Granted		—			n/a
Vested (restriction lapsed)		(72	)		29.03
Forfeited		(15	)		25.77

Outstanding, July 30, 2008		404			23.76

Post-Merger

Granted		—			n/a
Vested (restriction lapsed)		(46	)		18.00
Forfeited		(7	)		21.34

Outstanding, December 31, 2008		351			24.54

Share-based compensation cost

The share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The following table presents the amount of

107

share-based compensation recorded during the five months ended December 31, 2008, the seven months ended July 30, 2008 and the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:


	Post-Merger		Pre-Merger
	July 31		January 1		Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 31,		July 30,		December 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2008		2008		2007		2006
Direct Expense	$	4,631	$	21,162	$	16,975	$	16,142
Selling, General & Administrative Expense		2,687		21,213		14,884		16,762
Corporate Expense		8,593		20,348		12,192		9,126

Total Share Based Compensation Expense	$	15,911	$	62,723	$	44,051	$	42,030

Reconciliation of Earnings (Loss) per Share


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	period ended			period ended
	December 31,			July 30,		Pre-merger		Pre-merger
(In thousands, except per share data)	2008			2008		2007		2006
NUMERATOR:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations	$	(5,040,153	)	$	396,289	$	792,674	$	638,839
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		640,236		145,833		52,678

Net income (loss) — basic and diluted		(5,041,998	)		1,036,525		938,507		691,517

DENOMINATOR:
Weighted average common shares — basic		81,242			495,044		494,347		500,786

Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and common stock warrants (a)		—			1,475		1,437		853

Denominator for net income (loss) per common share — diluted		81,242			496,519		495,784		501,639


Net income (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Basic	$	(62.04	)	$	.80	$	1.60	$	1.27
Discontinued operations — Basic		(.02	)		1.29		.30		.11

Net income (loss) — Basic	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09	$	1.90	$	1.38

Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted	$	(62.04	)	$	.80	$	1.60	$	1.27
Discontinued operations — Diluted		(.02	)		1.29		.29		.11

Net income (loss) — Diluted	$	(62.06	)	$	2.09	$	1.89	$	1.38


(a)		7.6 million, 7.8 million, 22.2 million and 24.2 million stock options were outstanding at July 30, 2008, December 31, 2008, December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive as the respective options’ strike price was greater than the current market price of the shares.

108

NOTE N — EMPLOYEE STOCK AND SAVINGS PLANS

The Company has various 401(k) savings and other plans for the purpose of providing retirement benefits for substantially all employees. Under these plans, an employee can make pre-tax contributions and the Company will match a portion of such an employee’s contribution. Employees vest in these Company matching contributions based upon their years of service to the Company. Contributions from continuing operations to these plans of $12.4 million for the post-merger period ended December 31, 2008 and $17.9 million for the pre-merger period ended July 30, 2008 were charged to expense. Contributions from continuing operations to these plans of $39.1 million and $36.2 million were charged to expense for 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Clear Channel sponsored a non-qualified employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees. Under the plan, employees were provided with the opportunity to purchase shares of the Clear Channel’s common stock at 95% of the market value on the day of purchase. During each calendar year, employees were able to purchase shares having a value not exceeding 10% of their annual gross compensation or $25,000, whichever was lower. During 2006, employees purchased 144,444 shares at weighted average share price of $28.56. The Company stopped accepting contributions to this plan, effective January 1, 2007, as a condition of its Merger Agreement. Clear Channel terminated this plan upon the closing of the merger and each share held under the plan was converted into the right to receive a cash payment equal to the value of $36.00 per share.

Clear Channel offered a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for its highly compensated executives, under which such executives were able to make an annual election to defer up to 50% of their annual salary and up to 80% of their bonus before taxes. Clear Channel accounted for the plan in accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14, Accounting for Deferred Compensation Arrangements Where Amounts Earned are Held in a Rabbi Trust and Invested. The asset and liability under the nonqualified deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2007 were approximately $39.5 million recorded in “Other assets” and $40.9 million recorded in “Other long-term liabilities”, respectively. Clear Channel terminated this plan upon the closing of the merger and the related asset and liability of approximately $38.4 million were settled.

The Company offers a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for its highly compensated executives, under which such executives are able to make an annual election to defer up to 50% of their annual salary and up to 80% of their bonus before taxes. The Company accounts for the plan in accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14, Accounting for Deferred Compensation Arrangements Where Amounts Earned are Held in a Rabbi Trust and Invested. Matching credits on amounts deferred may be made in the Company’s sole discretion and the Company retains ownership of all assets until distributed. Participants in the plan have the opportunity to allocate their deferrals and any Company matching credits among different investment options, the performance of which is used to determine the amounts to be paid to participants under the plan. In accordance with the provisions of EITF No. 97-14, the assets and liabilities of the non-qualified deferred compensation plan are presented in “Other assets” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The asset and liability under the deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2008 were approximately $2.5 million recorded in “Other assets” and $2.5 million recorded in Other long-term liabilities”, respectively.

109

NOTE O — OTHER INFORMATION


	Post-merger			Pre-merger
	period ended			period ended			For the year ended
	December 31,			July 30,			December 31,
(In thousands)	2008			2008			2007			2006
The following details the components of “Other income (expense) — net”:
Foreign exchange gain (loss)	$	21,323		$	7,960		$	6,743		$	(8,130	)
Gain (loss) on early redemption of debt		108,174			(13,484	)		—			—
Other		2,008			412			(1,417	)		(463	)

Total other income (expense) — net	$	131,505		$	(5,112	)	$	5,326		$	(8,593	)


The following details the income tax expense (benefit) on items of other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	(20,946	)	$	(24,894	)	$	(16,233	)	$	(22,012	)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities and derivatives:
Unrealized holding gain (loss)	$	—		$	(27,047	)	$	(5,155	)	$	(37,091	)
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow derivatives	$	(43,706	)	$	—		$	(1,035	)	$	46,662


	As of December 31,
(In thousands)	2008		2007
The following details the components of “Other current assets”:	Post-merger		Pre-merger
Inventory	$	28,012	$	27,900
Deferred tax asset		43,903		20,854
Deposits		7,162		27,696
Other prepayments		53,280		90,631
Income taxes receivable		46,615		—
Other		83,216		76,167

Total other current assets	$	262,188	$	243,248


	As of December 31,
(In thousands)	2008		2007
The following details the components of “Other assets”:	Post-merger		Pre-merger
Prepaid expenses	$	125,768	$	18,709
Deferred loan costs		295,143		11,678
Deposits		27,943		14,507
Prepaid rent		92,171		74,077
Other prepayments		16,685		70,265
Prepaid income taxes		—		75,096
Non-qualified plan assets		2,550		39,459

Total other assets	$	560,260	$	303,791

110


	As of December 31,
	2008		2007
(In thousands)	Post-merger		Pre-merger
The following details the components of “Other long-term liabilities”:
FIN 48 unrecognized tax benefits	$	266,852	$	237,085
Asset retirement obligation		55,592		70,497
Non-qualified plan liabilities		2,550		40,932
SAILS obligation		—		103,849
Interest rate swap		118,785		—
Other		131,960		115,485

Total other long-term liabilities	$	575,739	$	567,848


	2008			2007
	Post-merger			Pre-merger
The following details the components of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”:
Cumulative currency translation adjustment	$	(364,164	)	$	314,282
Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on securities		(95,669	)		67,693
Reclassification adjustments		95,687			—
Cumulative unrealized gain (losses) on cash flow derivatives		(75,079	)		1,723

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(439,225	)	$	383,698

NOTE P — SEGMENT DATA

The Company’s reportable operating segments, which it believes best reflects how the Company is currently managed, are radio broadcasting, Americas outdoor advertising and international outdoor advertising. Revenue and expenses earned and charged between segments are recorded at fair value and eliminated in consolidation. The radio broadcasting segment also operates various radio networks. The Americas outdoor advertising segment consists of our operations primarily in the United States, Canada and Latin America, with approximately 92% of its 2008 revenue in this segment derived from the United States. The international outdoor segment includes operations in Europe, Asia and Australia. The Americas and international display inventory consists primarily of billboards, street furniture displays and transit displays. The other category includes our media representation firm as well as other general support services and initiatives which are ancillary to our other businesses. Share-based payments are recorded by each segment in direct operating and selling, general and administrative expenses.

111


			Americas		International
	Radio		Outdoor		Outdoor						Corporate and other
(In thousands)	Broadcasting		Advertising		Advertising			Other			reconciling items			Eliminations			Consolidated
Post-Merger Period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008
Revenue	$	1,355,894	$	587,427	$	739,797		$	97,975		$	—		$	(44,152	)	$	2,736,941
Direct operating expenses		409,090		276,602		486,102			46,193			—			(19,642	)		1,198,345
Selling, general and administrative expenses		530,445		114,260		147,264			39,328			—			(24,510	)		806,787
Depreciation and amortization		90,166		90,624		134,089			24,722			8,440			—			348,041
Corporate expenses		—		—		—			—			102,276			—			102,276
Merger expenses		—		—		—			—			68,085			—			68,085
Impairment charge		—		—		—			—			5,268,858			—			5,268,858
Other operating income - net		—		—		—			—			13,205			—			13,205

Operating income (loss)	$	326,193	$	105,941	$	(27,658	)	$	(12,268	)	$	(5,434,454	)	$	—		$	(5,042,246	)


Intersegment revenues	$	15,926	$	3,985	$	—		$	24,241		$	—		$	—		$	44,152
Identifiable assets	$	11,905,689	$	5,187,838	$	2,409,652		$	1,016,073		$	606,211		$	—		$	21,125,463
Capital expenditures	$	24,462	$	93,146	$	66,067		$	2,567		$	4,011		$	—		$	190,253
Share-based payments	$	3,399	$	3,012	$	797		$	110		$	8,593		$	—		$	15,911

Pre-Merger Period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008
Revenue	$	1,937,980	$	842,831	$	1,119,232		$	111,990		$	—		$	(60,291	)	$	3,951,742
Direct operating expenses		570,234		370,924		748,508			46,490			—			(30,057	)		1,706,099
Selling, general and administrative expenses		652,162		138,629		206,217			55,685			—			(30,234	)		1,022,459
Depreciation and amortization		62,656		117,009		130,628			28,966			9,530			—			348,789
Corporate expenses		—		—		—			—			125,669			—			125,669
Merger expenses		—		—		—			—			87,684			—			87,684
Other operating income — net		—		—		—			—			14,827			—			14,827

Operating income (loss)	$	652,928	$	216,269	$	33,879		$	(19,151	)	$	(208,056	)	$	—		$	675,869


Intersegment revenues	$	23,551	$	4,561	$	—		$	32,179		$	—		$	—		$	60,291
Identifiable assets	$	11,667,570	$	2,876,051	$	2,704,889		$	558,638		$	656,616		$	—		$	18,463,764
Capital expenditures	$	37,004	$	82,672	$	116,450		$	1,609		$	2,467		$	—		$	240,202
Share-based payments	$	34,386	$	5,453	$	1,370		$	1,166		$	20,348		$	—		$	62,723

112


			Americas		International
	Radio		Outdoor		Outdoor					Corporate and other
(In thousands)	Broadcasting		Advertising		Advertising		Other			reconciling items			Eliminations			Consolidated
Pre-merger 2007
Revenue	$	3,558,534	$	1,485,058	$	1,796,778	$	207,704		$	—		$	(126,872	)	$	6,921,202
Direct operating expenses		982,966		590,563		1,144,282		78,513			—			(63,320	)		2,733,004
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,190,083		226,448		311,546		97,414			—			(63,552	)		1,761,939
Depreciation and amortization		107,466		189,853		209,630		43,436			16,242			—			566,627
Corporate expenses		—		—		—		—			181,504			—			181,504
Merger expenses		—		—		—		—			6,762			—			6,762
Other operating income - net		—		—		—		—			14,113			—			14,113

Operating income (loss)	$	1,278,019	$	478,194	$	131,320	$	(11,659	)	$	(190,395	)	$	—		$	1,685,479


Intersegment revenues	$	44,666	$	13,733	$	—	$	68,473		$	—		$	—		$	126,872
Identifiable assets	$	11,732,311	$	2,878,753	$	2,606,130	$	736,037		$	345,404		$	—		$	18,298,635
Capital expenditures	$	78,523	$	142,826	$	132,864	$	2,418		$	6,678		$	—		$	363,309
Share-based payments	$	22,226	$	7,932	$	1,701	$	—		$	12,192		$	—		$	44,051

Pre-merger 2006
Revenue	$	3,567,413	$	1,341,356	$	1,556,365	$	223,929		$	—		$	(121,273	)	$	6,567,790
Direct operating expenses		994,686		534,365		980,477		82,372			—			(59,456	)		2,532,444
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,185,770		207,326		279,668		98,010			—			(61,817	)		1,708,957
Depreciation and amortization		125,631		178,970		228,760		47,772			19,161			—			600,294
Corporate expenses		—		—		—		—			196,319			—			196,319
Merger expenses		—		—		—		—			7,633			—			7,633
Other operating income — net		—		—		—		—			71,571			—			71,571

Operating income (loss)	$	1,261,326	$	420,695	$	67,460	$	(4,225	)	$	(151,542	)	$	—		$	1,593,714


Intersegment revenues	$	40,119	$	10,536	$	—	$	70,618		$	—		$	—		$	121,273
Identifiable assets	$	11,873,784	$	2,820,737	$	2,401,924	$	701,239		$	360,440		$	—		$	18,158,124
Capital expenditures	$	93,264	$	90,495	$	143,387	$	2,603		$	6,990		$	—		$	336,739
Share-based payments	$	25,237	$	4,699	$	1,312	$	1,656		$	9,126		$	—		$	42,030

Revenue of $799.8 million and identifiable assets of $2.6 billion derived from foreign operations are included in the data above for the post-merger period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Revenue of $1.2 billion and identifiable assets of $2.9 billion derived from foreign operations are included in the data above for the pre-merger period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008. Revenue of $1.9 billion and $1.7 billion derived from the Company’s foreign operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. Identifiable assets of $2.9 billion and $2.7 billion derived from the Company’s foreign operations are included in the data above for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

113

NOTE Q — QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)


	March 31,						June 30,						September 30,						December 31,
	2008			2007			2008			2007			2008			2007			2008			2007
	Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Pre-merger			Combined⁽¹⁾			Pre-merger			Post-merger			Pre-merger
Revenue	$	1,564,207		$	1,505,077		$	1,831,078		$	1,802,192		$	1,684,593		$	1,751,165		$	1,608,805		$	1,862,768
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses		705,947			627,879			743,485			676,255			730,405			689,681			724,607			739,189
Selling, general and administrative expenses		426,381			416,319			445,734			447,190			441,813			431,366			515,318			467,064
Depreciation and amortization		152,278			139,685			142,188			141,309			162,463			139,650			239,901			145,983
Corporate expenses		46,303			48,150			47,974			43,044			64,787			47,040			68,881			43,270
Merger expenses		389			1,686			7,456			2,684			79,839			2,002			68,085			390
Impairment charge		—			—			—			—			—			—			5,268,858			—
Other operating income — net		2,097			6,947			17,354			3,996			(3,782	)		678			12,363			2,492

Operating income (loss)		235,006			278,305			461,595			495,706			201,504			442,104			(5,264,482	)		469,364
Interest expense		100,003			118,077			82,175			116,422			312,511			113,026			434,289			104,345
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		6,526			395			27,736			(410	)		—			676			(116,552	)		6,081
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		83,045			5,264			8,990			11,435			4,277			7,133			3,707			11,344
Other income (expense) — net		11,787			(12	)		(6,086	)		340			(21,727	)		(1,403	)		142,419			6,401

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		236,361			165,875			410,060			390,649			(128,457	)		335,484			(5,669,197	)		388,845
Income tax (expense) benefit		(66,581	)		(70,466	)		(125,137	)		(159,786	)		52,344			(70,125	)		663,414			(140,771	)
Minority interest income (expense) — net		(8,389	)		(276	)		(7,628	)		(14,970	)		(10,003	)		(11,961	)		9,349			(19,824	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		161,391			95,133			277,295			215,893			(86,116	)		253,398			(4,996,434	)		228,250
Discontinued operations		638,262			7,089			5,032			20,097			(4,071	)		26,338			(832	)		92,309

Net income (loss)	$	799,653		$	102,222		$	282,327		$	235,990		$	(90,187	)	$	279,736		$	(4,997,266	)	$	320,559

Net income per common share:
Basic:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations	$	.33		$	.19		$	.56		$	.44			N.A.		$	.51		$	(61.50	)	$	.46
Discontinued operations		1.29			.02			.01			.04			N.A.			.06			(.01	)		.19

Net income (loss)	$	1.62		$	.21		$	.57		$	.48			N.A.		$	.57		$	(61.51	)	$	.65

Diluted:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations	$	.32		$	.19		$	.56		$	.44			N.A.		$	.51		$	(61.50	)	$	.46
Discontinued operations		1.29			.02			.01			.04			N.A.			.05			(.01	)		.19

Net income (loss)	$	1.61		$	.21		$	.57		$	.48			N.A.		$	.56		$	(61.51	)	$	.65

Dividends declared per share	$	—		$	.1875		$	—		$	.1875		$	—		$	.1875		$	—		$	.1875

The Company’s Class A common shares are quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol CCMO.

114

(1) The third quarter results of operations contain two months of post-merger and one month of pre-merger results, which relate to the period succeeding the merger and the periods preceding the merger, respectively. The Company believes that the presentation on a combined basis is more meaningful as it allows the results of operations to be analyzed to comparable periods in 2007. The following table separates the combined results into the post-merger and pre-merger periods:


	Post-merger
	Period from July 31			Pre-merger			Combined
	through			Period From July 1			Three Months ended
	September 30,			through July 30,			September 30,
(In thousands)	2008			2008			2008
Revenue	$	1,128,136		$	556,457		$	1,684,593
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		473,738			256,667			730,405
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		291,469			150,344			441,813
Depreciation and amortization		108,140			54,323			162,463
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)		33,395			31,392			64,787
Merger expenses		—			79,839			79,839
Gain (loss) on disposition of assets — net		842			(4,624	)		(3,782	)

Operating income (loss)		222,236			(20,732	)		201,504
Interest expense		281,479			31,032			312,511
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		2,097			2,180			4,277
Other income (expense) — net		(10,914	)		(10,813	)		(21,727	)

Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		(68,060	)		(60,397	)		(128,457	)
Income tax benefit		33,209			19,135			52,344
Minority interest expense, net of tax		8,868			1,135			10,003

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		(43,719	)		(42,397	)		(86,116	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,013	)		(3,058	)		(4,071	)

Net income (loss)	$	(44,732	)	$	(45,455	)	$	(90,187	)


Net income (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Basic	$	(.54	)	$	(.09	)
Discontinued operations — Basic		(.01	)		—

Net income (loss) — Basic	$	(.55	)	$	(.09	)


Weighted average common shares — basic		81,242			495,465
Income (loss) before discontinued operations — Diluted	$	(.54	)	$	(.09	)
Discontinued operations — Diluted		(.01	)		—

Net income (loss) — Diluted	$	(.55	)	$	(.09	)


Weighted average common shares — diluted		81,242			495,465

Dividends declared per share	$	—		$	—

NOTE R — CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In connection with the merger, the Company paid certain affiliates of the Sponsors $87.5 million in fees and expenses for financial and structural advice and analysis, assistance with due diligence investigations and debt financing negotiations and $15.9 million for reimbursement of escrow and other out-of-pocket expenses. This amount was preliminarily allocated between merger expenses, debt issuance costs or included in the overall purchase price of the merger.

115

NOTE S — GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES

Certain of the Company’s domestic, wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”) have fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis certain of Clear Channel’s outstanding debt obligations. The following consolidating schedules present condensed financial information on a combined basis:

Post-merger


	December 31, 2008
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries		Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents	$	139,433		$	100,413				$	239,846
Accounts receivable, net of allowance		622,255			809,049					1,431,304
Intercompany receivables		15,061			431,641		(446,702	)		—
Prepaid expenses		62,752			70,465					133,217
Other current assets		109,347			154,474		(1,633	)		262,188

Total Current Assets		948,848			1,566,042		(448,335	)		2,066,555
Property, plant and equipment, net		959,555			2,588,604					3,548,159
Definite-lived intangibles, net		1,869,528			1,012,192					2,881,720
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses		3,019,803			—					3,019,803
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits		—			1,529,068					1,529,068
Goodwill		5,809,000			1,281,621					7,090,621
Notes receivable		8,493			3,140					11,633
Intercompany notes receivable ^(a)		2,500,000			—		(2,500,000	)		—
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates		—			384,137					384,137
Investment in subsidiaries		3,765,342			—		(3,765,342	)		—
Other assets		438,909			145,805		(24,454	)		560,260
Other investments		10,089			23,418					33,507

Total Assets	$	19,329,567		$	8,534,027	$	(6,738,131	)	$	21,125,463


Accounts payable	$	36,732		$	118,508	$			$	155,240
Accrued expenses		295,402			497,964					793,366
Accrued interest		182,605			292		(1,633	)		181,264
Intercompany payable		432,422			14,280		(446,702	)		—
Current portion of long-term debt ^(b)		493,401			69,522					562,923
Deferred income		40,268			112,885					153,153

Total Current Liabilities		1,480,830			813,451		(448,335	)		1,845,946
Long-term debt ^(b)		18,986,269			32,332		(77,904	)		18,940,697
Intercompany long-term debt		—			2,500,000		(2,500,000	)		—
Deferred income taxes		1,647,282			1,032,030					2,679,312
Other long-term liabilities		396,680			179,059					575,739
Minority interest		252,103			211,813					463,916
Total shareholders’ equity		(3,433,597	)		3,765,342		(3,711,892	)		(3,380,147	)

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	19,329,567		$	8,534,027	$	(6,738,131	)	$	21,125,463


(a)		Clear Channel has a note receivable in the original principal amount of $2.5 billion from Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. which matures on August 2, 2010 and may be prepaid in whole at any time, or in part from time to time. The note accrues interest at a variable per annum rate equal to the weighted average cost of debt for Clear Channel, calculated on a monthly basis. This note is mandatorily payable upon a change of control of Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (as defined in the note) and, subject to certain exceptions, all net proceeds from debt or equity raised by Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. must be used to prepay such note. At December 31, 2008, the interest rate on the $2.5 billion note was 6.0%.

117


(b)		Clear Channel is the issuer of substantially all of the Company’s indebtedness.

Pre-merger


	December 31, 2007
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor		Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries		Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated

Cash and cash equivalents	$	4,975	$	140,173					$	145,148
Accounts receivable, net of allowance		762,932		930,286						1,693,218
Intercompany receivables		—		264,365			(264,365	)		—
Prepaid expenses		30,869		86,033						116,902
Other current assets		52,987		190,261						243,248
Current assets from discontinued operations		93,257		2,810						96,067

Total Current Assets		945,020		1,613,928			(264,365	)		2,294,583
Property, plant and equipment, net		804,670		2,245,694						3,050,364
Property, plant and equipment from discontinued operations, net		164,672		52						164,724
Definite-lived intangibles, net		228,552		257,318						485,870
Indefinite-lived intangibles — licenses		4,201,617		—						4,201,617
Indefinite-lived intangibles — permits		—		251,988						251,988
Goodwill		6,047,037		1,163,079						7,210,116
Intangible assets from discontinued operations, net		218,062		1,660						219,722
Notes receivable		8,962		3,426						12,388
Intercompany notes receivable ^(a)		2,500,000		—			(2,500,000	)		—
Investments in, and advances to, nonconsolidated affiliates		—		346,387						346,387
Investment in subsidiaries		2,263,205		—			(2,263,205	)		—
Other assets		186,105		117,686						303,791
Other investments		236,606		992						237,598
Other assets from discontinued operations		26,380		—						26,380

Total Assets	$	17,830,888	$	6,002,210		$	(5,027,570	)	$	18,805,528


Accounts payable	$	25,692	$	139,841					$	165,533
Accrued expenses		373,429		539,236						912,665
Accrued interest		97,527		1,074						98,601
Accrued income taxes		79,973		—						79,973
Intercompany payables		264,365		—			(264,365	)		—
Current portion of long-term debt ^(b)		1,273,100		87,099						1,360,199
Deferred income		34,391		124,502						158,893
Current liabilities from discontinued operations		37,211		202						37,413

Total Current Liabilities		2,185,688		891,954			(264,365	)		2,813,277
Long-term debt ^(b)		5,120,066		94,922						5,214,988
Intercompany long-term debt		—		2,500,000			(2,500,000	)		—
Other long-term obligations		127,384		—						127,384
Deferred income taxes		979,124		(185,274	)					793,850
Other long-term liabilities		346,811		221,037						567,848
Long-term liabilities from discontinued operations		53,828		502						54,330
Minority interest		220,496		215,864						436,360
Total shareholders’ equity		8,797,491		2,263,205			(2,263,205	)		8,797,491

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	17,830,888	$	6,002,210		$	(5,027,570	)	$	18,805,528


(a)		Clear Channel has a note receivable in the original principal amount of $2.5 billion from Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. which matures on August 2, 2010 and may be prepaid in whole at any time, or in part from time to time. The

118


		note accrues interest at a variable per annum rate equal to the weighted average cost of debt for Clear Channel, calculated on a monthly basis. This note is mandatorily payable upon a change of control of Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (as defined in the note) and, subject to certain exceptions, all net proceeds from debt or equity raised by Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. must be used to prepay such note. At December 31, 2008, the interest rate on the $2.5 billion note was 6.0%.

(b)		Clear Channel is the issuer of substantially all of the Company’s indebtedness.

Post-merger


	Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	1,398,926		$	1,338,015				$	2,736,941
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses		438,170			760,175					1,198,345
Selling, general and administrative expenses		532,455			274,332					806,787
Depreciation and amortization		122,807			225,234					348,041
Impairment charge		2,051,209			3,217,649					5,268,858
Corporate expenses		70,595			31,681					102,276
Merger expenses		68,085			—					68,085
Other operating income — net		8,335			4,870					13,205

Operating income (loss)		(1,876,060	)		(3,166,186	)				(5,042,246	)
Interest expense		643,001			72,767					715,768
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		(56,709	)		(59,843	)				(116,552	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		(2,999,344	)		5,804			2,999,344		5,804
Other income (expense) — net		55,736			22,320			53,449		131,505

Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		(5,519,378	)		(3,270,672	)		3,052,793		(5,737,257	)
Income tax benefit (expense)		423,640			272,983					696,623
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		2,136			(1,655	)				481

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		(5,093,602	)		(2,999,344	)		3,052,793		(5,040,153	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		—					(1,845	)

Net income (loss)	$	(5,095,447	)	$	(2,999,344	)	$	3,052,793	$	(5,041,998	)

119

Pre-merger


	Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated

Revenue	$	1,973,478		$	1,978,264					$	3,951,742
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses		579,094			1,127,005						1,706,099
Selling, general and administrative expenses		670,772			351,687						1,022,459
Depreciation and amortization		100,675			248,114						348,789
Corporate expenses		86,305			39,364						125,669
Merger expenses		87,684			—						87,684
Other operating income — net		3,849			10,978						14,827

Operating income (loss)		452,797			223,072						675,869
Interest (income) expense		124,557			88,653						213,210
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		34,262			—						34,262
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		194,072			94,215			(194,072	)		94,215
Other income (expense) — net		(17,603	)		12,491						(5,112	)

Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		538,971			241,125			(194,072	)		586,024
Income tax benefit (expense)		(120,464	)		(52,119	)					(172,583	)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		(19,100	)		1,948						(17,152	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		399,407			190,954			(194,072	)		396,289
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		637,118			3,118						640,236

Net income (loss)	$	1,036,525		$	194,072		$	(194,072	)	$	1,036,525

120

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2007
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated

Revenue	$	3,614,097		$	3,307,105					$	6,921,202
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses		993,464			1,739,540						2,733,004
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,206,220			555,719						1,761,939
Depreciation and amortization		166,328			400,299						566,627
Corporate expenses		115,424			66,080						181,504
Merger expenses		6,762			—						6,762
Other operating income — net		2,289			11,824						14,113

Operating income (loss)		1,128,188			557,291						1,685,479
Interest expense		294,170			157,700						451,870
Gain on marketable securities		6,742			—						6,742
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		277,420			35,176			(277,420	)		35,176
Other income (expense) — net		(3,222	)		8,548						5,326

Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		1,114,958			443,315			(277,420	)		1,280,853
Income tax benefit (expense)		(293,715	)		(147,433	)					(441,148	)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		(27,770	)		(19,261	)					(47,031	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		793,473			276,621			(277,420	)		792,674
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		145,034			799						145,833

Net income (loss)	$	938,507		$	277,420		$	(277,420	)	$	938,507

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2006
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Revenue	$	3,652,044		$	2,915,746					$	6,567,790
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses		1,013,267			1,519,177						2,532,444
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,209,928			499,029						1,708,957
Depreciation and amortization		191,945			408,349						600,294
Corporate expenses		130,777			65,542						196,319
Merger expenses		7,633			—						7,633
Other operating income — net		48,752			22,819						71,571

Operating income (loss)		1,147,246			446,468						1,593,714
Interest expense		321,686			162,377						484,063
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		2,306			—						2,306
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		184,449			37,845			(184,449	)		37,845
Other income (expense) — net		(9,016	)		423						(8,593	)

Income before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations		1,003,299			322,359			(184,449	)		1,141,209
Income tax benefit (expense)		(347,965	)		(122,478	)					(470,443	)
Minority interest income (expense), net of tax		(16,412	)		(15,515	)					(31,927	)

Income (loss) before discontinued operations		638,922			184,366			(184,449	)		638,839
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		52,595			83						52,678

Net income (loss)	$	691,517		$	184,449		$	(184,449	)	$	691,517

121

Post-merger


	Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(5,095,447	)	$	(2,999,344	)	$	3,052,793		$	(5,041,998	)
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		(1,845	)		—			—			(1,845	)

		(5,093,602	)		(2,999,344	)		3,052,793			(5,040,153	)

Reconciling items:
Depreciation and amortization		122,807			225,234						348,041
Impairment charge		2,051,209			3,217,649						5,268,858
Deferred taxes		(349,560	)		(270,334	)					(619,894	)
Provision for doubtful accounts		30,363			24,240						54,603
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts		102,859			—						102,859
Share-based compensation		11,728			4,183						15,911
(Gain) loss on sale of operating assets		(8,335	)		(4,870	)					(13,205	)
(Gain) loss on forward exchange contract
(Gain) loss on securities		56,709			59,843						116,552
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		2,999,344			(5,804	)		(2,999,344	)		(5,804	)
Minority interest, net of tax		(2,136	)		1,655						(481	)
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment		(63,228	)		—			(53,449	)		(116,677	)
Other reconciling items — net		1,590			10,499						12,089
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions		106,141			17,186						123,327

Net cash provided by operating activities		(34,111	)		280,137						246,026
Cash flows from investing activities:
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net		572			169						741
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net		—			3,909						3,909
Purchase of other investments		27,410			(27,436	)					(26	)
Proceeds from sales of other investments		(788	)		788						—
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(30,536	)		(159,717	)					(190,253	)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		14,038			2,917						16,955
Acquisition of operating assets		(11,551	)		(11,677	)					(23,228	)
Decrease (increase) in other — net		(33,353	)		(13,989	)					(47,342	)
Cash used to purchase equity		(17,468,683	)		(3,776	)					(17,472,459	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(17,502,891	)		(208,812	)					(17,711,703	)

122

Post-merger


	Period from July 31 through December 31, 2008
	Company, Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from financing activities:
Draws on credit facilities		150,000			30,000						180,000
Payments on credit facilities		(127,891	)		(660	)					(128,551	)
Proceeds from long-term debt		527,024			30,496						557,520
Payments on long-term debt		(562,510	)		(42,621	)		26,042			(579,089	)
Intercompany funding		91,891			(91,891	)					—
Debt proceeds used to finance the merger		15,382,076			—						15,382,076
Equity proceeds used to finance the merger		2,142,830			26,042			(26,042	)		2,142,830
Payments for purchase of common shares		(2	)		(45	)					(47	)

Net cash used in financing activities		17,603,418			(48,679	)					17,554,739
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		2,429			—						2,429
Net cash provided by investing activities		—			—						—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		—			—						—

Net cash provided by discontinued operations		2,429			—						2,429

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		68,845			22,646						91,491

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		70,590			77,765						148,355

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	139,435		$	100,411					$	239,846

123

Pre-merger


	Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008
	Company,
	Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	1,036,525		$	194,072		$	(194,072	)	$	1,036,525
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		637,118			3,118			—			640,236

		399,407			190,954			(194,072	)		396,289
Reconciling items:
Depreciation and amortization		100,675			248,114						348,789
Deferred taxes		123,898			21,405						145,303
Provision for doubtful accounts		14,601			8,615						23,216
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts		3,530			—						3,530
Share-based compensation		56,218			6,505						62,723
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets		(3,849	)		(10,978	)					(14,827	)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract		2,496			—						2,496
(Gain) loss on trading securities		(36,758	)		—						(36,758	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		(194,072	)		(94,215	)		194,072			(94,215	)
Minority interest, net of tax		19,100			(1,948	)					17,152
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment		13,484			—						13,484
Other reconciling items — net		4,697			4,436						9,133
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions		194,605			(35,662	)					158,943

Net cash provided by operating activities		698,032			337,226						1,035,258
Cash flows from investing activities:
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net		97			239						336
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net		—			25,098						25,098
Cross currency settlement of interest		(198,615	)		—						(198,615	)
Purchase of other investments		(48,347	)		48,249						(98	)
Proceeds from sales of other investments		173,467			—						173,467
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(40,642	)		(199,560	)					(240,202	)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		34,176			38,630						72,806
Acquisition of operating assets		(69,015	)		(84,821	)					(153,836	)
Decrease (increase) in other — net		(93,891	)		(1,316	)					(95,207	)
Cash used to purchase equity		(3,776	)		3,776						—

Net cash used in investing activities		(246,546	)		(169,705	)					(416,251	)

124

Pre-merger


	Period from January 1 through July 30, 2008
	Company,
	Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations	Consolidated
Cash flows from financing activities:
Draws on credit facilities		620,464			72,150				692,614
Payments on credit facilities		(715,127	)		(157,774	)			(872,901	)
Proceeds from long term debt		5,476			—				5,476
Payments on long-term debt		(1,283,162	)		814				(1,282,348	)
Intercompany funding		153,135			(153,135	)			—
Payments on forward exchange contract		(110,410	)		—				(110,410	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other		13,515			4,261				17,776
Dividends paid		(93,367	)		—				(93,367	)
Payments for purchase of common shares		(3,517	)		(264	)			(3,781	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(1,412,993	)		(233,948	)			(1,646,941	)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(68,770	)		1,019				(67,751	)
Net cash provided by investing activities		1,095,892			3,000				1,098,892
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		—			—				—

Net cash provided by discontinued operations		1,027,122			4,019				1,031,141

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		65,615			(62,408	)			3,207

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		4,975			140,173				145,148

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	70,590		$	77,765			$	148,355

125

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2007
	Company, Clear
	Channel and
	Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	938,507		$	277,420		$	(277,420	)	$	938,507
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		145,034			799			—			145,833

		793,473			276,621			(277,420	)		792,674

Reconciling items:
Depreciation and amortization		166,328			400,299						566,627
Deferred taxes		153,323			34,915						188,238
Provision for doubtful accounts		28,017			10,598						38,615
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts		7,739			—						7,739
Share-based compensation		34,681			9,370						44,051
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets		(2,289	)		(11,824	)					(14,113	)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract		3,953			—						3,953
(Gain) loss on trading securities		(10,696	)		—						(10,696	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		(277,420	)		(35,176	)		277,420			(35,176	)
Minority interest, net of tax		27,770			19,261						47,031
Other reconciling items — net		404			(495	)					(91	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions		(45,702	)		(6,722	)					(52,424	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		879,581			696,847						1,576,428
Cash flows from investing activities:
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net		(5,835	)		(234	)					(6,069	)
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net		(2,353	)		23,221						20,868
Cross currency settlement of interest		(1,214)			—						(1,214	)
Purchase of other investments		(67	)		(659	)					(726	)
Proceeds from sales of other investments		2,409			—						2,409
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(86,683	)		(276,626	)					(363,309	)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		8,856			17,321						26,177
Acquisition of operating assets		(53,051	)		(69,059	)					(122,110	)
Decrease (increase) in other — net		(9,772	)		(28,931	)					(38,703	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(147,710	)		(334,967	)					(482,677	)

126

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2007
	Company, Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations	Consolidated
Cash flows from financing activities:
Draws on credit facilities		780,138			106,772				886,910
Payments on credit facilities		(1,628,400	)		(76,614	)			(1,705,014	)
Proceeds from long-term debt		—			22,483				22,483
Payments on long-term debt		(276,751	)		(66,290	)			(343,041	)
Intercompany funding		335,508			(335,508	)			—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other		69,237			10,780				80,017
Dividends paid		(372,369	)		—				(372,369	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(1,092,637	)		(338,377	)			(1,431,014	)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		33,332			500				33,832
Net cash provided by investing activities		332,579			—				332,579
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		—			—				—

Net cash provided by discontinued operations		365,911			500				366,411
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		5,145			24,003				29,148
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		(170	)		116,170				116,000

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	4,975		$	140,173			$	145,148

127

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2006
	Company, Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	691,517		$	184,449		$	(184,449	)	$	691,517
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net		52,595			83			—			52,678

		638,922			184,366			(184,449	)		638,839
Reconciling items:
Depreciation and amortization		191,945			408,349						600,294
Deferred taxes		152,253			39,527						191,780
Provision for doubtful accounts		25,706			8,921						34,627
Amortization of deferred financing charges, bond premiums, and accretion of note discounts		3,462			—						3,462
Share-based compensation		36,734			5,296						42,030
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets		(48,725	)		(22,846	)					(71,571	)
(Gain) loss forward exchange contract		18,161			—						18,161
(Gain) loss on trading securities		(20,467	)		—						(20,467	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates		(184,449	)		(37,845	)		184,449			(37,845	)
Minority interest, net of tax		16,412			15,515						31,927
Other reconciling items — net		14,782			(5,755	)					9,027
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions		359,585			(51,792	)					307,793

Net cash provided by operating activities		1,204,321			543,736						1,748,057
Cash flows from investing activities:
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable — net		(1,203	)		2,366						1,163
Decrease (increase) in investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates — net		(1,725	)		22,170						20,445
Cross currency settlement of interest		1,607			—						1,607
Purchase of other investments		(520	)		—						(520	)
Proceeds from sales of other investments		—			—						—
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(102,527	)		(234,212	)					(336,739	)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		84,231			15,451						99,682
Acquisition of operating assets, net of cash acquired		(96,225	)		(244,981	)					(341,206	)
Decrease (increase) in other — net		(13,548	)		(37,895	)					(51,443	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(129,910	)		(477,101	)					(607,011	)

128

Pre-merger


	Year ended December 31, 2006
	Company, Clear Channel
	and Guarantor			Non-Guarantor
(In thousands)	Subsidiaries			Subsidiaries			Eliminations	Consolidated
Cash flows from financing activities:
Draws on credit facilities		3,264,800			118,867				3,383,667
Payments on credit facilities		(2,599,928	)		(100,076	)			(2,700,004	)
Proceeds from long-term debt		746,762			37,235				783,997
Payments on long-term debt		(750,658	)		(115,694	)			(866,352	)
Intercompany funding		15,287			(15,287	)			—
Payments on forward exchange contract		(83,132	)		—				(83,132	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other		55,276			2,176				57,452
Dividends paid		(382,776	)		—				(382,776	)
Payments for purchase of common shares		(1,371,462	)		—				(1,371,462	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(1,105,831	)		(72,779	)			(1,178,610	)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		99,806			(541	)			99,265
Net cash provided by investing activities		(30,038	)		—				(30,038	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		—			—				—

Net cash provided by discontinued operations		69,768			(541	)			69,227

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		38,348			(6,685	)			31,663

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		(38,518	)		122,855				84,337

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	(170	)	$	116,170			$	116,000

NOTE T — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On January 15, 2009, the Company made a permitted election under the indenture governing the senior toggle notes to pay PIK Interest. For subsequent interest periods, the Company must make an election regarding whether the applicable interest payment on the senior toggle notes will be made entirely in cash, entirely through PIK Interest or 50% in cash and 50% in PIK Interest. In the absence of such an election for any interest period, interest on the senior toggle notes will be payable according to the election for the immediately preceding interest period. As a result, the PIK Interest election is now the default election for future interest periods unless and until the Company elects otherwise.

Effective January 30, 2009 the Company sold 57% of its remaining interest in Grupo ACIR Comunicaciones for approximately $23.5 million and recorded a loss of approximately $2.2 million. As a result of the sale, the Company will no longer account for the investment under Accounting Principles Board No. 18, The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.

On February 6, 2009, the Company borrowed the approximately $1.6 billion of remaining availability under the $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. The Company made the borrowing to improve its liquidity position in light of continuing uncertainty in credit market and economic conditions.

ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not Applicable

129

ITEM 9A(T). Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to CC Media Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”), including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify the Company’s financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors.

Based on their evaluation as of December 31, 2008, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

As of December 31, 2008, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the assessment, management determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on those criteria.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, is included in this Item under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

130

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
CC Media Holdings, Inc.

We have audited CC Media Holdings, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CC Media Holdings, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, CC Media Holdings, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of CC Media Holdings, Inc. (Holdings) as of December 31, 2008, the consolidated balance sheet of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Clear Channel) as of December 31, 2007, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity(deficit), and cash flows of Holdings for the period from July 31, 2008 through December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Clear Channel for the period from January 1, 2008 through July 30, 2008, and each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2007, and our report dated March 2, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

San Antonio, Texas
March 2, 2009

131

PART III

ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

We believe that one of our most important assets is our experienced management team. With respect to our operations, managers are responsible for the day-to-day operation of their respective location. We believe that the autonomy of our management enables us to attract top quality managers capable of implementing our marketing strategy and reacting to competition in the local markets. Most of our managers have options to purchase our common stock or restricted stock. As an additional incentive, a portion of each manager’s compensation is related to the performance of the profit centers for which he or she is responsible. In an effort to monitor expenses, corporate management routinely reviews staffing levels and operating costs. Combined with the centralized financial functions, this monitoring enables us to control expenses effectively. Corporate management also advises local managers on broad policy matters and is responsible for long-range planning, allocating resources and financial reporting and controls.

The information required by this item with respect to our code of ethics, the directors and nominees for election to our Board of Directors is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in our Definitive Proxy Statement, expected to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

The following information is submitted with respect to our executive officers as of February 26, 2009:


	Age on
	February 26,
Name	2009		Position
L. Lowry Mays		73	Chairman Emeritus
Mark P. Mays		45	Chief Executive Officer
Randall T. Mays		43	President/Chief Financial Officer
Herbert W. Hill, Jr.		50	Senior Vice President/Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
Paul Meyer		66	Senior Vice President — CC Media Holdings, Inc
John Hogan		52	Senior Vice President — CC Media Holdings, Inc.
Andrew Levin		46	Executive Vice President/Chief Legal Officer and Secretary

The officers named above serve until the next Board of Directors meeting immediately following the Annual Meeting of Shareholders. We expect to retain the individuals named above as our executive officers at such Board of Directors meeting.

Mr. L. Mays was appointed the Chairman Emeritus of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. L. Mays is the founder of Clear Channel, our indirect subsidiary, and was Clear Channel’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from February 1997 to October 2004. Since that time, Mr. L. Mays served as Chairman of the Board until July 30, 2008 and is currently Clear Channel’s Chairman Emeritus. He was one of Clear Channel’s directors since its inception. Mr. L. Mays is the father of Mark P. Mays, our Chief Executive Officer, and Randall T. Mays, our President/Chief Financial Officer.

Mr. M. Mays was appointed Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company on July 30, 3008. Mr. M. Mays was Clear Channel’s President and Chief Operating Officer from February 1997 until his appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer in October 2004. He relinquished his duties as President in February 2006. He has been one of Clear Channel’s directors since May 1998. Mr. M. Mays is the son of L. Lowry Mays, our Chairman Emeritus and the brother of Randall T. Mays, our President/Chief Financial Officer.

Mr. R. Mays was appointed President, Chief Financial Officer and a director of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. R. Mays was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clear Channel in February 1997 and was appointed as Secretary in April 2003. He relinquished his duties as Secretary in 2004. He was appointed President of Clear Channel in February 2006. Mr. R. Mays is the son of L. Lowry Mays our Chairman Emeritus and the brother of Mark P. Mays, our Chief Executive Officer.

133

Mr. Hill was appointed our Senior Vice President/Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary on July 30, 2008. Mr. Hill was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of Clear Channel in February 1997.

Mr. Meyer was appointed a Senior Vice President of the Company on July 30, 2008. Mr. Meyer has served as the President/ Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Americas and Asia Divisions since October 2008. Prior thereto, he was Global President/Chief Operating Officer — Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (formerly Eller Media), our indirect subsidiary, since April 2005. Prior thereto, he was the President/Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Outdoor for the remainder of the relevant five-year period.

Mr. Hogan was appointed a Senior Vice President of the Company on July 30, 2008. He was appointed President/Chief Executive Officer — Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc., our indirect subsidiary, in August 2002.

Mr. Levin was appointed our Executive Vice President/Chief Legal Officer and Secretary on July 30, 2008.

Mr. Levin was appointed Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of Clear Channel in February 2004. Prior thereto he served as Senior Vice President for Government Affairs since he joined Clear Channel in 2002.

ITEM 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in our Definitive Proxy Statement, expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

ITEM 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement expected to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end.

134

SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

(In thousands)


			Charges
	Balance at		to Costs,								Balance
	Beginning		Expenses								at end of
Description	of period		and other (1)		Utilization (2)			Adjustments (3)			Period
Year ended December 31, 2006	$	571,154	$	—	$	—		$	(17,756	)	$	553,398

Year ended December 31, 2007	$	553,398	$	—	$	(77,738	)	$	41,262		$	516,922

Period from January 1, through July 30, 2008	$	516,922	$	—	$	(264,243	)	$	—		$	252,679

Period from July 31, through December 31, 2008	$	252,679	$	62,114	$	3,341		$	1,396		$	319,530


(1)		During 2008 the Company recorded a valuation allowance on certain net operating losses that are not able to be carried back to prior years.

(2)		During 2007 and 2008 the Company utilized capital loss carryforwards to offset the capital gains generated in both continuing and discontinued operations from the disposition of primarily broadcast assets and certain investments. The related valuation allowance was released as a result of the capital loss carryforward utilization.

(3)		Related to a valuation allowance for the capital loss carryforward recognized during 2005 as a result of the spin-off of Live Nation. During 2006 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance were adjusted to the final amount reported on our 2005 filed tax return. During 2007 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance were adjusted due to the impact of settlements of various matters with the Internal Revenue Service for the 1999-2004 tax years. During 2008 the amount of capital loss carryforward and the related valuation allowance were adjusted due to the true up of the amount utilized on the 2007 tax return and the impact certain IRS audit adjustments that were agreed to during the year.

137

(a)3. Exhibits.


Exhibit
Number		Description

2.1		Agreement and Plan of Merger among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., dated as of November 16, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 16, 2006).

2.2		Amendment No. 1, dated April 18, 2007, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 18, 2007).

2.3		Amendment No. 2, dated May 17, 2007, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, BT Triple Crown Holdings III, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 18, 2007).

2.4		Amendment No. 3, dated May 13, 2008, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 16, 2006, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2008).

2.5		Asset Purchase Agreement dated April 20, 2007, between Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc., ABO Broadcasting Operations, LLC, Ackerley Broadcasting Fresno, LLC, AK Mobile Television, Inc., Bel Meade Broadcasting, Inc., Capstar Radio Operating Company, Capstar TX Limited Partnership, CCB Texas Licenses, L.P., Central NY News, Inc., Citicasters Co., Clear Channel Broadcasting Licenses, Inc., Clear Channel Investments, Inc. and TV Acquisition LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 26, 2007).

3.1		Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

4.1		Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Clear Channel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997).

4.2		Second Supplemental Indenture dated June 16, 1998 to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and the Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 1998).

4.3		Third Supplemental Indenture dated June 16, 1998 to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and the Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 1998).

138


Exhibit
Number		Description

4.4		Ninth Supplemental Indenture dated September 12, 2000, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 to Clear Channel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000).

4.5		Eleventh Supplemental Indenture dated January 9, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to Clear Channel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002).

4.6		Twelfth Supplemental Indenture dated March 17, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 18, 2003).

4.7		Thirteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 1, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2003).

4.8		Fourteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 21, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 22, 2003).

4.9		Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture dated December 9, 2003, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 10, 2003).

4.10		Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated September 15, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 15, 2004).

4.11		Eighteenth Supplemental Indenture dated November 22, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 2004).

4.12		Nineteenth Supplemental Indenture dated December 13, 2004, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 13, 2004).

4.13		Twentieth Supplemental Indenture dated March 21, 2006, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 21, 2006).

4.14		Twenty-first Supplemental Indenture dated August 15, 2006, to Senior Indenture dated October 1, 1997, by and between Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as

139


Exhibit
Number		Description

		Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 16, 2006).

4.15		Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 2, 2008, by and between Clear Channel and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 4, 2008).

4.16		Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 2, 2008, by and among AMFM, The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., and the guarantors party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 4, 2008).

10.1		First Amended and Restated Management Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, THL Managers VI, LLC and Bain Capital Partners, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.2		Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Randall T. Mays, Mark P. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners, Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).

10.3		Side Letter Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Clear Channel Capital IV, LLC, Clear Channel Capital V, L.P., L. Lowry Mays, Mark P. Mays, Randall T. Mays, LLM Partners, Ltd., MPM Partners Ltd. and RTM Partners, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).

10.4		Affiliate Transactions Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2008, by and among CC Media Holdings, Inc., Bain Capital Fund IX, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6 to the Company’s Form 8-A Registration Statement filed July 30, 2008).

10.5		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between L. Lowry Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).

10.6		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between Mark P. Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).

10.7		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2007, by and between Randall T. Mays and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2007).

10.8		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Randall T. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.9		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Mark P. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by

140


Exhibit
Number		Description

		reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.10		Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among L. Lowry Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.11		Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2008, by and between John E. Hogan and Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.12		Amendment, dated as of January 20, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement of Mark P. Mays, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Mark P. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2009).

10.13		Amendment, dated as of January 20, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement of Randall T. Mays, dated as of July 28, 2008, by and among Randall T. Mays, CC Media Holdings, Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2009).

10.14		Employment Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2005, by and between Paul Meyer and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Clear Channel’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 10, 2005).

10.15		Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

10.16		Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.17		Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 28, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary co-borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.18		Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger), the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

141


Exhibit
Number		Description

10.19		Amendment No. 1, dated as of July 9, 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.20		Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 28 2008, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., the subsidiary borrowers of the Company party thereto, Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other agents party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.21		Purchase Agreement, dated May 13, 2008, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

10.22		Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., Law Debenture Trust Company of New York, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (as the successor-in-interest to BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc. following the effectiveness of the Merger) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.23		Supplemental Indenture, dated July 30, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Capital I, LLC, certain subsidiaries of Clear Channel party thereto and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 30, 2008).

10.24*		Supplemental Indenture, dated December 9, 2008, by and among CC Finco Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and Law Debenture Trust Company of New York.

10.25		Registration Rights Agreement, dated July 30, 2008, by and among Clear Channel Communications, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. party thereto, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.26		Clear Channel 2008 Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.27		Form of Senior Executive Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.28		Form of Senior Executive Restricted Stock Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.29		Form of Senior Management Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

142


Exhibit
Number		Description

10.30		Form of Executive Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.31		Clear Channel 2008 Investment Program (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.32		Clear Channel 2008 Annual Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.33		Form of Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 30, 2008).

10.34		Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of May 13, 2008 by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc., Highfields Capital I LP, Highfields Capital II LP, Highfields Capital III LP and Highfields Capital Management LP (Incorporated by reference to Annex E to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

10.35		Voting Agreement dated as of May 13, 2008 by and among BT Triple Crown Merger Co., Inc., B Triple Crown Finco, LLC, T Triple Crown Finco, LLC, CC Media Holdings, Inc., Abrams Capital Partners I, LP, Abrams Capital Partners II, LP, Whitecrest Partners, LP, Abrams Capital International, Ltd. and Riva Capital Partners, LP (Incorporated by reference to Annex F to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-151345) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2008).

11*		Statement re: Computation of Per Share Earnings.

12*		Statement re: Computation of Ratios.

21*		Subsidiaries.

23*		Consent of Ernst and Young LLP.

24*		Power of Attorney (included on signature page).

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


*		Filed herewith.

143

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on February 27, 2009.


	CC MEDIA HOLDINGS, INC.
	By:	/s/ Mark P. Mays
		Mark P. Mays
		Chief Executive Officer

Power of Attorney

Each person whose signature appears below authorizes Mark P. Mays, Randall T. Mays and Herbert W. Hill, Jr., or any one of them, each of whom may act without joinder of the others, to execute in the name of each such person who is then an officer or director of the Registrant and to file any amendments to this annual report on Form 10-K necessary or advisable to enable the Registrant to comply with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect thereof, which amendments may make such changes in such report as such attorney-in-fact may deem appropriate.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


Name	Title	Date

/s/ Mark P. Mays Mark P. Mays	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director	February 27, 2009

/s/ Randall T. Mays Randall T. Mays	President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) and Director	February 27, 2009

/s/ Herbert W. Hill, Jr. Herbert W. Hill, Jr.	Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) and Assistant Secretary	February 27, 2009

/s/ David Abrams David Abrams	Director	February 27, 2009

/s/ Steve Barnes Steve Barnes	Director	February 27, 2009

/s/ Richard J. Bressler Richard J. Bressler	Director	February 27, 2009


		Page
		Number
PART I.

Item 1.	Business		3

Item 1A.	Risk Factors		20

Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments		27

Item 2.	Properties		27

Item 3.	Legal Proceedings		28

Item 4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders		29

PART II.

Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities		30

Item 6.	Selected Financial Data		31

Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		33

Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk		61

Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data		62

Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure		129

Item 9A(T).	Controls and Procedures		130

Item 9B.	Other Information		132

PART III.

Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance		133

Item 11.	Executive Compensation		134

Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters		134

Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence		134

Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services		134

PART IV.

Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules		135
EX-10.24
EX-11
EX-12
EX-21
EX-23
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1
EX-32.2