10-K 1 iphs10k123111.htm FORM 10-K IPHS 10K 12/31/11
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON DC, 20549
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
FORM 10-K
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
ý
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Delaware
(state or other jurisdiction
 of incorporation)
 
001-33124
(Commission File number)
 
20-1380758
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)
259 Prospect Plains Road
Cranbury, New Jersey 08512
(Address of Principal Executive Officer, including Zip Code)
(609) 495-2495
(Registrants’ Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Not Applicable
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
 
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $.001 per share
 
Nasdaq Global Select Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    ý  Yes    ¨  No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    ¨  Yes    ý  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ý  Yes    ¨  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer  ý    Accelerated Filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ¨  Yes    ý  No
The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1.1 billion as of June 30, 2011, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second quarter (based on the Nasdaq Global Select Market closing price on that date).
As of February 15, 2012, the registrant had 21,620,216 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Document
 
Incorporated By Reference In Part No.
Portions of Innophos Holdings, Inc. Proxy Statement to be filed for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 18, 2012
 
III (Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14)



 



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15.
 
 
 
 
 


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain information set forth in this report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning our plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events, future revenues or performance, capital expenditures, financing needs, plans or intentions relating to acquisitions and other information that is not historical information. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipates,” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology, or by discussions of strategy. We may also make additional forward-looking statements from time to time.
All forward-looking statements, including without limitation, management’s examination of historical operating trends, are based upon our current expectations and various assumptions. Our expectations, beliefs and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them, but there can be no assurance that management’s expectations, beliefs and projections will result or be achieved. All forward-looking statements apply only as of the date made. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
There are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in or contemplated by this report. The following are among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. There may be other factors, including those discussed elsewhere in this report, which may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements should be considered in light of the risk factors specified in this Form 10-K.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Unless the context otherwise indicates, all references in this report to the “Company,” “Innophos,” “we,” “us” or “our” or similar words are to Innophos Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Innophos Holdings, Inc. is a Delaware corporation and was incorporated July 15, 2004.



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PART I
 
ITEM 1.
BUSINESS
Our Company
Innophos commenced operations as an independent company in August 2004 after purchasing our North American specialty phosphates business from affiliates of Rhodia, S.A., or Rhodia. In November 2006, we completed an initial public offering and listed our Common Stock for trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “IPHS”.
Innophos is a leading international producer of mineral based performance-critical specialty ingredients with applications in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, oral care and industrial end markets. Innophos combines more than a century of experience in specialty phosphate manufacture with a growing capability in a broad range of other mineral ingredients, to supply a product range produced to the highest standards of quality and consistency demanded by customers worldwide. Many of Innophos' products are application-specific compounds engineered to meet customer performance requirements and are often critical to the taste, texture and performance of foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, oral care products and other applications. For example, Innophos products act as flavor enhancers in beverages, electrolytes in sports drinks, texture additives in cheeses, leavening agents in baked goods, pharmaceutical excipients, cleaning agents in toothpaste and provide a wide range of mineral fortification solutions for food, beverage and nutritional supplement manufacturers.
On October 31, 2011, Innophos acquired 100% of the stock of Kelatron's holding company, KI Acquisition, Inc., for a purchase price of approximately $21 million, subject to specified adjustments. Founded in 1975 and based in Ogden, Utah, Kelatron is a leading producer of technically advanced chelated mineral ingredients, with a high quality base of customers in the dietary supplement and sports nutrition markets. Chelation improves bioavailability - the digestive system's ability to absorb these essential minerals. Kelatron products deliver a wide range of minerals that are essential in small quantities to a balanced diet (micronutrients) and are highly complementary to the macronutrients of calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus currently manufactured by Innophos. The acquisition is expected to significantly strengthen Innophos' offering to its food, beverage and dietary supplement customers.
Key Product Lines
We have four principal product lines: (i) Specialty Ingredients, (ii) Food and Technical Grade purified phosphoric acid, or PPA, (iii) Technical Grade Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) & Detergent Grade PPA and iv) GTSP & Other . The first three product lines comprise our Specialty Phosphates US/Canada and Mexico reporting segments, with GTSP & Other reported separately in a third reporting segment.
Specialty Ingredients
Specialty Ingredients (including specialty phosphate salts, specialty phosphoric acids and a range of other mineral based specialty ingredients) are the most highly engineered products in our portfolio. They have a wide range of applications such as flavor enhancers in beverages, electrolytes in sports drinks, texture modifiers in cheeses, leavening agents in baked goods, mineral sources for nutritional supplements, pharmaceutical excipients and abrasives in toothpaste. Specialty phosphoric acids are used in industrial applications such as asphalt modification and petrochemical catalysis.
The table below presents a list of the main Specialty Ingredients sold by us in 2011:
 

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Product
  
Description/End-Use Application
 
 
 
Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Acidic and Basic (“SALP”)
  
Premier leavening agent for baking mixes, cakes, self-rising flours, baking powders, batter & breadings (acidic). Improves melting properties of cheese (basic).
 
 
 
Sodium Acid PyroPhosphate (“SAPP”)
  
Leavening agent for baking powders, doughnuts, and biscuits; inhibits browning in potatoes; provides moisture and color retention in poultry and meat.
 
 
 
Sodium HexaMetaPhosphate (“SHMP”)
  
Water treatment applications; anti-microbial and sequestrant in beverages; cheese emulsifier; improves tenderness in meat, seafood and poultry applications.
 
 
 
Monocalcium Phosphate (“MCP”)
  
Leavening agent in double-acting baking powder; acidulant; buffering agent.
 
 
 
Calcium Acid Pyrophosphate (“CAPP”)
  
Calcium based, slow acting, multifunctional leavening acid used in a wide variety of baked goods
 
 
 
Dicalcium Phosphate (“DCP”)
  
Toothpaste abrasive; leavening agent; calcium fortification.
 
 
 
Tricalcium Phosphate (“TCP”)
  
Calcium and phosphorus fortifier in food and beverage applications (e.g., orange juice, cereals, and cheese); flow aid; additive in expandable polystyrene.
 
 
 
Pharma Calcium Phosphates (“A-Tab®”, “Di-Tab®”, “Tri-Tab®”)
  
Excipients in vitamins, minerals, nutritional supplements and pharmaceuticals.
 
 
 
Ammonium Phosphates (“MAP”, “DAP”)
  
High-end fertilizer products for horticultural use; flame retardant; cigarette additives; culture nutrient.
 
 
 
Potassium Phosphates (“TKPP”, “DKP”, “MKP”, “KTPP”)
  
Water treatment; sports drinks; buffering agent; improves tenderness in meat, seafood and poultry applications; horticulture applications.
 
 
Specialty Acids (e.g., Polyacid)
  
Additive improving performance properties of asphalt.
 
 
Sodium Blends (e.g., Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP (food grade)))
  
Ingredient improving yield, tenderness, shelf life, moisture and color retention in meat, seafood and poultry applications.
 
 
 
Amino acid salts including calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lithium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorous, potassium, selenium, strontium, vanadium, and zinc

 
Bioactive mineral nutrients used in a wide variety of fortified foods, beverages and dietary supplements.

 
 
Other (Sodium Bicarbonate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate (“TSPP”), Mono, Di, & Trisodium Phosphates (“MSP”, “DSP”, “TSP”))
  
Baking powders; gelling agent in puddings; cheese emulsifiers.

Each salt or acid derivative typically has a number of different applications and end uses. For example, DCP can be used both as a leavening agent in bakery products and as an abrasive in oral care products. However, several food grade salts are unique to the end user in their particular finished product application. Manufacturers often work directly with customers to tailor products to their required specifications.
Our major competitor in the downstream Specialty Ingredients is Israel Chemicals Limited, or ICL.
Food and Technical Grade PPA
Food and Technical Grade PPA are high purity forms of PPA, distinct from the agricultural-grade merchant green phosphoric acid, or MGA, used in fertilizer production. PPA is used to manufacture specialty phosphate salts and acids and is also used directly in beverage applications as a flavor enhancer and in water treatment applications. We also sell Technical Grade PPA in the merchant market to third-party phosphate derivative producers.
Our major PPA competitor is Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan Inc., or PCS, a global fertilizer company for which specialty phosphates represents only a small part of its business. We consume the majority of our PPA production in our downstream operations and sell the remainder on the North American merchant market and to other downstream phosphate derivative producers, where we compete with PCS. To the best of our knowledge, PCS does not have any downstream technical

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or food grade phosphate derivative production capacity, other than a small potassium phosphate salt unit.
Technical Grade Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) & Detergent Grade PPA
STPP is a specialty phosphate derived from reacting phosphoric acid with a sodium alkali. STPP is a key ingredient in cleaning products, including industrial and institutional cleaners and automatic dishwashing detergents and consumer laundry detergents outside the U.S. In addition to its use in cleaning products, STPP is also used in water treatment, clay processing, and copper ore processing. Over 90% of the end use market for STPP is derived from consumer product applications. Detergent Grade PPA is a lower grade form of PPA used primarily in the production of STPP.
Our major North American STPP competitor is Mexichem, S.A.B. de C.V., or Mexichem, in Mexico. Currently, Mexichem produces STPP at two manufacturing locations in Mexico. We also compete with imports from North Africa, Europe and China.
Over the past several decades, there have been efforts to reduce the use of STPP in consumer and institutional cleaners. In the 1980’s, STPP use in consumer laundry applications was discontinued in the U.S. and Canada. STPP use was all but eliminated in consumer automatic dishwashing applications in the U.S. and Canada in 2010. The Industrial & Institutional market has also reformulated some of its products to reduce STPP content in an effort to market a lower cost and reduced phosphate content product line.
GTSP & Other
Granular Triple Super Phosphate, or GTSP, is a fertilizer product line produced at our Coatzacoalcos facility. GTSP is used throughout Latin America for increasing crop yields in a wide range of agricultural sectors. GTSP is made as a co-product of our purified wet acid manufacturing process.
Our Industry
The North American marketplaces for each of our product lines have seen consolidation to two primary producers and several secondary suppliers. We consider the two key producers in each product category to be: (i) our Company and ICL in Specialty Ingredients; (ii) our Company and PCS in Food and Technical Grade PPA; and (iii) our Company and Mexichem in Technical STPP. The production of specialty phosphates begins with phosphate rock, which can be processed in two alternative ways to produce PPA: (i) the thermal acid method, in which elemental phosphorus is combusted in a furnace and subsequently hydrated to produce purified phosphoric acid; or (ii) the purified wet acid method (PWA), in which mined phosphate rock is reacted with sulfuric acid to produce merchant green acid, (agricultural grade phosphoric acid), which is then purified through solvent-based extraction into purified phosphoric acid. The conversion of merchant green acid into PPA is a technically complex and a capital-intensive process.
The thermal acid method of production is based on the electrolytic production of elemental phosphorus and is therefore electricity intensive, while phosphoric acid made by the purified wet acid process requires the use of significant amounts of sulfuric acid. The relative overall costs of the two methods depend on the availability and cost of their component processes, electricity and coke for the former and sulfur for the latter. PPA is reacted with appropriate mineral salts or inorganic compounds to produce various specialty phosphate salts or STPP as required. We currently use PPA manufactured via the wet acid process for all of our Specialty Ingredients manufacturing needs.
Consolidation of producers has been most significant in the Specialty Ingredients market.
In addition to consolidation of producers, uneconomic production capacity has been eliminated in North America across all three major specialty phosphate product categories during the last decade. For instance, in 2001, Rhodia closed its specialty salts and specialty acids plants in Buckingham, Quebec and Morrisville, Pennsylvania. In 2002, Vicksburg Chemical Company closed a specialty salts plant in Vicksburg, Mississippi. In 2003 and 2004, Astaris closed three manufacturing facilities, eliminating roughly 320,000 metric tons of capacity: a purified wet phosphoric acid plant in Conda, Idaho; a specialty salts plant in Trenton, Michigan; and an STPP plant in Green River, Wyoming. In January 2009, Mexichem closed its Coatzacoalcos facility eliminating approximately 50% of their estimated STPP capacity.
In June 2006, PCS started up a fourth PWA based PPA production train at its Aurora, NC facility, a capacity addition less than the estimated combined level of 2006 North American PPA imports and domestic PPA produced via the thermal process. The PCS capacity increase was also comparable in capacity to the Astaris Idaho plant closed in 2003 following a failed start-up.
Innophos, through its subsidiary Kelatron, also produces a wide range of bioactive mineral nutrients through a variety of production processes customized to meet customer requirements through spray drying, roller compactions, fine grinding, wet granulations, and custom blending resulting in more than 1,500 product formulations, which include both chelated and custom

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processed ingredients. The mineral industry is less consolidated than the specialty phosphates industry with Albion Minerals considered the leading competitor alongside a number of smaller producers.
Penetration from Imports
Over the past several years, we estimate that imports, including domestically located production facilities owned by foreign based organizations, have accounted for approximately 15-20% of the North American specialty phosphate market. This market share has been fairly stable for the last three years.
The following are the primary importers of PPA products and derivatives into North America: (i) Prayon SA, or Prayon, and Rotem Amfert Negev Ltd. (a subsidiary of ICL) for PPA, with Prayon primarily supplying acid to its specialty salts manufacturing facility in Augusta, Georgia; and (ii) various European, Chinese, and Israeli specialty phosphate manufacturers such as Chemische Fabrik Budenheim, Thermphos, Hubei Xingfa, Jiangyin Chengxing, Guangxi Mingli and BK Giulini Chemie GmbH & Co. (a subsidiary of ICL) for specialty salts and STPP.
Our Customers
Our customer base is principally composed of consumer goods manufacturers, distributors and specialty chemical manufacturers. Our customers manufacture products such as soft drinks, sports drinks and juices, various food products, toothpaste and other dental products, petroleum and petrochemical products, and various cleaners and detergents. Our customers include major consumer goods manufacturers with global market recognition in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical and cleaning product markets. We have maintained long-term relationships with the majority of our key customers, with the average customer relationship having lasted over 15 years, and some relationships spanning nearly a century. Our specialty chemical products are often critical ingredients in the formulation of our customers’ products, and typically represent only a small percentage of their total product costs. As a result, we believe that the risks associated with our customers switching suppliers often outweigh the potential gains.
For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, we generated net sales of $810.5 million, $714.2 million and $666.8 million, respectively. The growth was delivered through increasing volumes to higher value markets and applications, with sales to the consumer oriented end markets of food & beverage, oral care and pharmaceuticals representing just under 50% of Innophos sales revenue in 2011.
Raw Materials and Energy
We purchase a range of raw materials and energy sources on the open market, including phosphate rock, sulfur and sulfuric acid, agricultural grade phosphoric acid (also known as MGA), PPA, natural gas and electricity. To help secure supply, we purchase several of our key raw materials under long-term contracts generally providing for fixed or minimum quantities of materials, or purchase of our full requirements, and predetermined pricing formulae based on various market indices and other factors. We do not engage in any significant futures or other derivative contracts to hedge against fluctuations of raw material. We are not integrated vertically back to our sources of supply by ownership interests, joint ventures or affiliated companies, as a result of which raw materials acquisition at economical price levels is an important risk of our business. See Item 1A “Raw Materials Availability and Pricing” of this Report Form 10-K.
Phosphate Rock and Merchant Green Acid (MGA). MGA is the main raw material for the creation of our downstream salts and acids. We purchase MGA for processing at our Geismar, LA facility through a long-term agreement with PCS. At our Coatzacoalcos facility in Mexico, we typically purchase phosphate rock in order to produce MGA internally; however, we can also process externally purchased MGA, available from various suppliers globally. The Company has agreements with three preferred phosphate rock suppliers for 2012 to supply the Coatzacoalcos facility. In addition to these primary sources, the Company has options for other spot suppliers and will continue to qualify and develop additional sources for potential future supply.
Sulfur and Sulfuric Acid. Sulfur is the key raw material used in the production of Sulfuric Acid. Sulfuric acid is a key raw material used in the production of merchant green acid. We produce the vast majority of the sulfuric acid required to operate our Coatzacoalcos facility. The majority of the sulfuric acid required for the production of MGA by PCS Geismar is supplied by Rhodia. Our U.S. needs for sulfuric acid and our Mexican needs for sulfur are handled through long term contracts with Rhodia and Pemex-Gas y Petroquimica Basica, or PEMEX, respectively.
Purified Phosphoric Acid. The key raw material input for all of our downstream specialty phosphate salt and specialty phosphoric acid operations is PPA. We purchase certain quantities of our PPA supply from third parties to optimize our consumption and net sales, including from PCS with whom we have a long-term supply contract. In 2011, Innophos produced approximately three quarters and purchased approximately one quarter of its total PPA supply.

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Natural Gas and Electricity. Natural gas and electricity are used to operate our facilities and generate heat and steam for the various manufacturing processes. We typically purchase natural gas and electricity on the North American open market at so-called “spot rates.” From time to time, we will enter into longer term natural gas and electricity supply contracts in an effort to eliminate some of the volatility in our energy costs. We did enter into a financial hedge for approximately 75% of our 2012 US & Canada natural gas requirements. We also seek to increase the energy efficiencies of our facilities and reduce costs through investments and ongoing continuous improvement projects.
Research and Development
Our product engineering and development activities are aimed at developing and enhancing products, processes, applications and technologies to strengthen our position in our markets and with our customers. We focus on:
developing new or improved application-specific specialty phosphate and other mineral based specialty ingredients based on our existing product line and identified or anticipated customer needs;
creating new phosphate products to be used in new applications or to serve new markets;
providing customers with premier technical services as they integrate our ingredients into their products and manufacturing processes;
ensuring that our products are manufactured in accordance with our stringent regulatory, health and safety policies and objectives;
developing more efficient and lower cost manufacturing processes; and
expanding existing, and developing new, relationships with customers to meet their product engineering needs.
Our research expenditures were $2.9 million, $2.4 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Environmental and Regulatory Compliance
Certain of our operations involve manufacturing ingredients for use in food, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical excipient products, and therefore must comply with stringent U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA, similar regulatory controls of foreign jurisdictions where we operate, as well as good manufacturing practices and the quality requirements of our customers. In addition, our operations that involve the use, handling, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials, are subject to extensive and frequently changing environmental regulation by federal, state, and local authorities, as well as regulatory authorities with jurisdiction over our foreign operations that now extend to Canada, Mexico and China. Our operations also expose us to the risk of claims for environmental remediation and restoration or for exposure to hazardous materials. Our production facilities require operating permits that are subject to renewal or modification. Violations of health and safety and environmental laws, regulations, or permits may result in restrictions being imposed on operating activities, substantial fines, penalties, damages, the rescission of an operating permit, third-party claims for property damage or personal injury, or other costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Due to changes in health and safety and environmental laws and regulations, the time frames when those laws and regulations might be applied, and developments in environmental control technology, we cannot predict with certainty the amount of capital expenditures to be incurred for environmental purposes.
Some environmental laws and regulations impose liability and responsibility on present and former owners, operators or users of facilities, and sites for contamination at such facilities and sites without regard to causation or knowledge of contamination. Many of our sites have an extended history of industrial use. Soil and groundwater contamination have been detected at some of our sites, and additional contamination might occur or be discovered at these sites or other sites in the future (including sites to which we may have sent hazardous waste). We continue to investigate, monitor or cleanup contamination at most of these sites. The potential liability for all these sites will depend on several factors, including the extent of contamination, the method of remediation, future developments and increasingly stringent regulation , the outcome of discussions with regulatory agencies, the liability of third parties, potential natural resource damage, and insurance coverage. Accruals for environmental matters are recorded in the accounting period in which our responsibility is established and the cost can be reasonably estimated. Due to the uncertainties associated with environmental investigations and cleanups and the ongoing nature of the investigations and cleanups at our sites, we are unable to predict precisely the nature, cost and timing of our future remedial obligations with respect to our sites and, as a result, our actual environmental costs and liabilities could significantly exceed our accruals.
Further information, including the current status of significant environmental matters and the financial impact incurred

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for the remediation of such environmental matters, is included in Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, of the Notes to Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” and in “Item 1A. Risk Factors”.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright and trademark laws to protect certain key intellectual aspects of our business. In addition, our pool of proprietary information, consisting of manufacturing know-how, trade secrets and unregistered copyrights relating to the design and operation of our facilities and systems, is considered particularly important and valuable. Accordingly, we protect proprietary information through all legal means practicable. However, monitoring the
unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult, and the steps we have taken may not prevent all unauthorized use by others. While we consider our copyrights and trademarks to be important to our business, ultimately our established reputation and the products and service we provide to the end-customer are more important.
Insurance
In the normal course of business, we are subject to numerous operating risks, including risks associated with environmental, health and safety while manufacturing, developing and supplying products, potential damage to a customer, and the potential for an environmental accident.
We currently have in force insurance policies covering property, general liability, excess liability, workers’ compensation/employer’s liability, product liability, product recall, fiduciary and other coverages. We seek to maintain coverages consistent with market practices and required by those with whom we do business. Where appropriate for the protection of our property, we also require others with whom we do business to provide certain coverages for our benefit. We believe that we are appropriately insured for the insurable risks associated with our business.
Employees
As of December 31, 2011, we had 1,166 employees, of whom 684 were unionized hourly wage employees. We currently employ both union and non-union employees at most of our facilities. We believe we have a good working relationship with our employees, which has resulted in high productivity and low turnover in key production positions. We have experienced no work stoppages or strikes at any of our unionized facilities since acquiring them in 2004. We are a party to a collective bargaining agreement with the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union, Local No. 7-765 through January 16, 2014 at the Chicago Heights facility; International Union of Operating Engineers, Local No. 912 through April 18, 2013 at the Nashville facility; the Health Care, Professional, Technical, Office, Warehouse and Mail Order Employees Union, affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Local 743 through June 17, 2014 at the Chicago (Waterway) facility; the United Steelworkers, Local No. 6304 through April 30, 2014 at the Port Maitland, Ontario facility; and the Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Industria Química, Petroquímica, Carboquímica, Gases, Similares y Conexos de la República Mexicana, at the Mexico facilities. The agreement at the Coatzacoalcos, Mexico facility is for an indefinite period, but wages are reviewed every year and the rest of the agreement is subject to negotiation every two years. The current two-year period will expire in June 2012.
Executive Officers
The following table and biographical material present information about the persons serving as our executive officers, and key employees:
 

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Name
 
Age
 
Position
Randolph Gress
 
56

 
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
Neil Salmon
 
43

 
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
William Farran
 
62

 
Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
Iris Alvarado
 
41

 
Vice President of Purchasing, Logistics & Distribution
Charles Brodheim
 
48

 
Vice President and Corporate Controller
Louis Calvarin
 
48

 
Vice President, Operations
Mark Feuerbach
 
52

 
Vice President, Investor Relations, Treasury, Financial Planning & Analysis
Joseph Golowski
 
50

 
Vice President, Specialty Phosphates
Gail Holler
 
53

 
Vice President, Human Resources
Russell Kemp
 
53

 
Vice President, Research & Development and Chief Risk Officer
Michael Lovrich
 
58

 
Vice President, Planning and Customer Service
Abraham Shabot
 
50

 
Vice President, Director General, Innophos Latin America
Mark Thurston
 
52

 
Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Worldwide Business Development
Biographical Material
Randolph Gress is Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President and Director of Innophos. Mr. Gress joined Innophos as Chief Executive Officer and Director at the Company's inception in 2004. Previously, Mr. Gress joined Rhodia in 1997 and held various positions including Global President of Rhodia's Specialty Phosphates business and Vice President and General Manager of the Sulfuric Acid business. Prior to joining Rhodia, Mr. Gress spent fourteen years at FMC Corporation where he worked in various managerial capacities in Strategic Planning, Business, Operations and Supply Chain. From 1977 to 1980, Mr. Gress worked at Ford Motor Company in various capacities within the Plastics, Paint and Vinyl Division. Mr. Gress earned a B.S.E. in Chemical Engineering from Princeton University and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.
Neil Salmon is Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Innophos. Mr. Salmon joined Innophos in October 2009. Prior to joining Innophos, Mr. Salmon was the Chief Financial Officer of the Adhesives Business Group of Imperial Chemical Industries PLC. The Adhesives Business Group was the largest specialty chemical division representing around 25% of ICI in 2007 with a major presence in North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America. From 2004 to 2006, Mr. Salmon was the Chief Financial Officer, Asia Pacific for National Starch and Chemical Company, an ICI subsidiary, and from 2001 to 2003, he was the Commercial Finance Director of ICI’s U.S. Specialty Polymers and Adhesives Group in Bridgewater, New Jersey. From 1991 to 2001, Mr. Salmon held various management positions within the ICI Group. Mr. Salmon holds an M.A. in Politics, Philosophy and Economics from Oxford University (1991).
William Farran is Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Innophos. Mr. Farran joined Rhodia in 1987 as Environmental Counsel and held various positions in the Rhodia Legal Department, including Senior Operations Counsel and Assistant General Counsel, providing and managing a wide range of legal services to various Rhodia North American enterprises. In addition to his legal responsibilities, Mr. Farran also led the North American Total Quality Management function and served as Director, Public Affairs and Communications. Prior to joining Rhodia, Mr. Farran was Senior Counsel for UGI Corporation, Valley Forge, PA, and an associate with Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, Philadelphia, PA. Mr. Farran earned his B.S. in Economics from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania and his J.D. from Case Western Reserve University. He is a member of the bars of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the Supreme Court of the United States.
Iris Alvarado is Vice President of Purchasing, Logistics & Distribution of Innophos. She joined Albright & Wilson in 1996 working in the Logistics Department and she has since held progressive positions in the areas of Purchasing, Logistics and Distribution. Ms. Alvarado was Manager of Purchasing of Raw Materials, MRO, Logistics and Packaging for Rhodia Mexico from 2000 through 2002 and Corporate Purchasing Manager in 2003. After her next positions as Innophos’ Supply Chain Director from 2004 to 2008 and Global Director of Strategic Sourcing of Raw Materials & Energy from 2009 to October 2010, Ms. Alvarado was appointed interim Vice President of Supply Chain from November 2010 to January 2012. She studied Political Science from 1991 to 1992 in the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen in Germany. Ms. Alvarado earned a B.B.A degree in International Relations from the University of the Americas-Puebla, Mexico and holds an M.A in Business Administration from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.
Charles Brodheim is Vice President and Corporate Controller of Innophos. Mr. Brodheim joined Rhodia in 1988 and

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held various tax, accounting and business analyst positions within Rhodia. Mr. Brodheim was the North American Finance Director for Specialty Phosphates from 2000-2002. After 2002, Mr. Brodheim was a Finance Director for various Rhodia North American Enterprises, including its Eco-Services enterprise. Mr. Brodheim earned a B.B.A. degree in Finance/Accounting from Temple University and is a certified public accountant.
Louis Calvarin is Vice President, Operations of Innophos. Dr. Calvarin joined Rhodia in France in 1986. He has been Director of Manufacturing and Engineering for Specialty Phosphates since January 2004. Prior to that, Dr. Calvarin held the positions of Director of Manufacturing for Specialty Phosphates (U.S.), Mineral Chemicals Industrial Operations Manager for Home, Personal Care and Industrial Ingredients, and Projects Director for Paint, Paper and Construction Materials. Dr. Calvarin earned a Ph.D. degree in Chemical Engineering from the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines in France and graduated from Ecole Polytechnique in France.
Mark Feuerbach is Vice President, Investor Relations, Treasury, Financial Planning & Analysis and had previously served as Chief Financial Officer of Innophos from August 2004 through April 2005 and again from June through September 2009. Mr. Feuerbach joined Rhodia in 1989 and was Global Finance Director of Specialty Phosphates from 2000 to 2004, including a two-year assignment in the U.K. immediately following the purchase of the phosphates business of Albright & Wilson. Prior to this assignment, Mr. Feuerbach was the Finance Director of Rhodia’s North American phosphates business from 1997 to 2000 and he previously held various finance positions in a number of Rhodia’s businesses. Prior to joining Rhodia, Mr. Feuerbach held various accounting and finance positions in both manufacturing and service companies. Mr. Feuerbach earned a B.A. in Business Administration/Accounting from Rutgers College and an M.B.A. in Finance/Information Systems from Rutgers Graduate School of Management.
Joseph Golowski is Vice President of the Specialty Phosphates Business of Innophos, appointed to that position in April 2010. Joining Rhodia in 1989 in Market Development, Mr. Golowski has since then held progressive roles in Business Development, Sales, Marketing and Management. From 1997 through 2000, Mr. Golowski served as a Global Market Director for Rhodia Rare Earths based in Paris, France. Returning to the U.S., he became the North American Asset Manager for Phosphoric Acid and subsequently the Director of Sales for the Specialty Phosphate Business. This path brought him to be appointed Vice President of Sales in 2006 and to his current role as Vice President for the Specialty Phosphate Business. Mr. Golowski earned a B.S. in Ceramic Engineering from Rutgers University, College of Engineering.
Gail Holler is Vice President, Human Resources of Innophos. Ms. Holler joined Innophos in December of 2010 as Senior Director Human Resources and was elected Vice President, Human Resources in May 2011. She has 30 years of experience working in Human Resources for global as well as multi-national organizations in both corporate and operational environments, including pharmaceutical, medical device, biotech, and IT companies. Prior to joining Innophos, Ms. Holler worked for Tata Consultancy Services, a $7 billion corporation headquartered in India from May 2009 to December 2010. Previous to that, she was Vice President Human Resources for LifeCell, a $500 million regenerative medicine (biotech) company located in central New Jersey. She also worked for Sanofi-Aventis (and its legacy organizations) for 14 years, with her last position as Vice President Human Resources for the Global Dermatology Division. Ms. Holler earned her BA in Business Communication from the University of Delaware.
Russell Kemp is Vice President, Research & Development and Chief Risk Officer of Innophos. Mr. Kemp joined Rhodia in 1989, first holding several manufacturing management jobs and – from 1998 through 2007 – fulfilling a business management role. Previously, he worked as a process and production engineer at Monsanto. Mr. Kemp earned a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines and an MBA from Southern Illinois University – Edwardsville.
Michael Lovrich is Vice President, Planning and Customer Service of Innophos. Mr. Lovrich joined Innophos in August 2007 from Coach, Inc., where he served as Vice President, Supply Chain from 2004 through 2007 for that specialty leather and women’s accessories manufacturer. Prior to his tenure with Coach, Mr. Lovrich was with Engelhard Corporation where he held various positions in Supply Chain Operations and Information Technology, leading several supply chain transformation initiatives at the business unit and corporate level. Prior to Engelhard, Mr. Lovrich held positions with Fisher Scientific, Thompson Medical and Becton-Dickinson. Mr. Lovrich earned his B.A. in History from William Paterson College and his M.B.A. from New York University Stern School of Business. Mr. Lovrich also holds professional certifications in supply chain management and project management.
Abraham Shabot is Vice President and Director General for Innophos Latin America. Mr. Shabot joined Innophos in July 2009. Prior to joining Innophos, he served as Managing Director of Kaltex Fibers, a leading acrylic fiber producer in the Americas, from 2007 to 2009. Before that, he held various positions in Sales and Business Development for Comex, a large Mexican building supplies manufacturer and distributor. In addition, he was Latin American Director for Polyone Corporation, a large publicly held manufacturer and distributor of plastic resin and rubber compounds. He earned a degree in Chemical Engineering from Iberoamericana University in Mexico City.

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Mark Thurston is Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Worldwide Business Development of Innophos and was elected President of Kelatron Corporation in November 2011. Mr. Thurston joined Rhodia in 1985 working in Fine Organics and has been Vice President of Strategy and Worldwide Business Development since 2009. Previously, he was Vice President of Specialty Chemicals from 2004 to 2008 and Vice President and General Manager of Food Ingredients North America from 2002 to 2004. Prior to that, he worked in various sales and marketing capacities for Rhodia. Mr. Thurston previously worked at RTZ Corp. as an assistant planning and marketing manager and an assistant production manager. Mr. Thurston earned a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Aston in Birmingham, England.
Available Information
The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including the Company, that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that the Company files with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The Company files annual reports, quarterly reports, proxy statements and other documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). The public may read and copy any materials that the Company files with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
Innophos also makes available free of charge through its website (www.innophos.com) the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and, if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the SEC.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our company involves a significant degree of risk of varying origins, including from our operations and financial matters. If any of the following risks or uncertainties actually occurs, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Business Operations
Raw Materials Availability and Pricing
Our principal raw materials consist of phosphate rock, sulfur and sulfuric acid, MGA, PPA and energy (principally natural gas and electricity). Our raw materials are purchased under supply contracts that vary from long term multi-year supply arrangements to annual agreements. Pricing within contracts is typically set according to predetermined formulae dependent on price indices or market prices with pricing for some shorter term contracts set by negotiation with reference to market conditions. The prices we pay under these contracts will generally lag the underlying market prices of the raw material. Approximately 25% of our supply of these principal raw materials is bought under fixed annual pricing arrangements with the remaining quantities adjusting in line with changes in market prices or with approximately a three month lag to market price changes.
Various market conditions can affect the price and supply of our raw materials. The primary demand for both phosphate rock and sulfur, globally, is for fertilizer production. The costs of these materials are heavily influenced by demand conditions in the fertilizer market and freight costs, which traditionally have been volatile. Prices for both materials escalated rapidly during 2007 and 2008, declined during 2009 and began to increase again during 2010 and 2011. Increased raw material pricing may adversely affect our margins if we are not able to offset costs with sales price increases as we explain under “Price Competition” below.
We import phosphate rock for our Coatzacoalcos, Mexico site from several global suppliers. We have now successfully processed industrial scale quantities of phosphate rock from five suppliers and, for 2012, we expect the majority of our requirements to be met from three of these suppliers. Previously, the Coatzacoalcos facility was supplied exclusively by OCP, S.A., a state-owned mining company in Morocco under a 1992 supply agreement that expired in September 2010. Although the Coatzacoalcos facility has made significant advances in its ability to handle alternative grades of rock without adversely affecting operating efficiency; further investment will be required to realize the full benefits of improved process flexibility. Accordingly, it remains possible that process efficiency issues will arise as the plant processes new sources of rock over longer time periods, necessitating further investment or a change in rock suppliers to better suit plant processing capability. We cannot be sure that those kinds of efficiency issues will not arise, or if they do, that our existing or other suppliers would be able to supply sufficient additional quantities or grades to meet our full requirements, factors that could significantly affect our phosphate rock availability and may weaken our ability to maintain our existing levels of operations. Although the

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diversification of our supply base has reduced our dependence on any one supplier, tight demand conditions overall in the fertilizer market would mean that our purchases could be constrained should any major supplier experience a significant disruption in its ability to supply, for example, as a result of capacity constraints, political unrest, or adverse weather conditions in the areas where that supplier operates. We also cannot be sure the annual or other periodic contracts we have in-place will be renewed on similar terms to those currently enjoyed.
Natural gas prices have experienced significant volatility in the past several years. Wide fluctuations in natural gas prices may result from relatively minor changes in supply and demand, market uncertainty, and other factors, both domestic and foreign, that are beyond our control. In addition, natural gas is often a substitute for petroleum-based energy supplies and natural gas prices are positively correlated with petroleum prices. Future increases in the price of petroleum (resulting from increased demand, political instability or other factors) may result in significant additional increases in the price of natural gas. We typically purchase natural gas at spot market prices for use at our facilities which exposes us to that price volatility, except in those instances where, from time to time, we enter into longer term, fixed-price natural gas contracts.
Most of our raw materials are supplied to us by either one or a small number of suppliers. Some of those suppliers rely, in turn, on sole or limited sources of supply for raw materials included in their products. Failure of our suppliers to maintain sufficient capability to meet changes in demand or to overcome unanticipated interruptions in their own sources of supply from force majeure conditions, such as disaster or political unrest, may prevent them from continuing to supply raw materials as we require them, or at all. Our inability to obtain sufficient quantities of sole or limited source raw materials or to develop alternative sources on a timely basis if required could result in increased costs, which may be material, in our operations or our inability to properly maintain our existing level of operations.
 
Price Competition
We face significant competition in each of our markets. In some markets, our products are subject to price competition due to factors such as competition from low-cost producers, import competition, excess industry capacity and consolidation among our customers and competitors. In addition, in the specialty chemicals industry, price competition is also based upon a number of other considerations, including product differentiation and innovation, product quality, technical service, and supply reliability. New products or technologies developed by competitors may also have an adverse impact on our price position. Future expansions could also have a negative impact on our price position.
From time to time, we have experienced pricing pressure, particularly from significant customers and often coincident with periods of overcapacity in the markets in which we compete. In the past, we have taken steps to reduce costs and resist possible price reductions by structuring our contracts and developing strong “value-oriented” non-price related customer service relationships. However, price reductions in the past have adversely affected our sales and margins, and if we are not able to offset price pressure when it arises through improved operating efficiencies, reduced expenditures and other means, we may be subject to those same effects in the future.
Innophos has experienced more intense pricing pressures in markets, and for applications, where competing producers, particularly those located in China and North Africa, have similar product offerings, established supply relationships, and potential cost advantages. Historically, this has occurred most frequently in markets such as South America where Innophos does not have local production capability and for less specialized products such as detergent grade STPP. Chinese phosphate producers generally utilize the “thermal” method, a process more heavily dependent on energy that may be cost advantaged compared to “wet” method producers (such as Innophos) during periods of low energy prices. Both North African and some Chinese producers are integrated back to phosphate rock, which also may provide cost advantages to them depending on the markets in which they choose to compete. If the relative competitiveness of Chinese and North African producers increases significantly, or they are successful in extending their product lines to more specialized product applications, pricing pressure on Innophos could increase significantly.
Environmental, Product Regulations and Sustainability Initiative Concerns
Our operations involve the use, handling, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials and some of our products are ingredients in foods, nutritional supplements or pharmaceutical excipients that are used in finished products consumed or used by humans or animals. As a result, we are subject to extensive and frequently changing environmental and other regulatory requirements and periodic inspection by federal, state, and local authorities, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and the FDA, as well as other regulatory authorities and those with jurisdiction over our foreign operations and product markets. Moreover, as we commence operations in other jurisdictions, such as we intend to do in China in 2012, we will be subject to additional licensing tests for our facilities and operations and a regulatory environment with which we have no previous experience. Our operations also expose us to the risk of claims for environmental

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remediation and restoration or for exposure to hazardous materials. Our production facilities require various operating permits that are subject to renewal or modification. Violations of environmental laws, regulations, or permits may result in restrictions being imposed on operating activities, substantial fines, penalties, damages, the rescission of operating permits, third-party claims for property damage or personal injury, or other costs.
Additional laws or regulations focused on phosphate-based products may be implemented in the future. For example, a number of states within the U.S. and Canada countrywide have moved to effectively ban the use of phosphate-based products in consumer automatic dishwashing detergents. The trade association that includes major manufacturers of consumer automatic dishwashing detergents has actively supported these efforts in the U.S. and Canada, with non-phosphate legislation becoming effective in July 2010. In addition, the European Union recently enacted legislation to effectively ban phosphates in consumer detergents with a first phase beginning 2013, and in Australia an industry-led voluntary phosphate ban will take effect in 2014. These trends and related changes in consumer preferences have already reduced our requirements for auto dish markets and we have responded with a shift in our capabilities to serve other food and industrial applications. Furthermore, although phosphates are still permitted for those applications in many Latin American countries and other parts of the world we cannot be sure that similar bans may not be implemented in some or all of these markets in the future, or that the same effect may not result from manufacturers reformulating to reduce phosphate levels. Additional laws, regulations or distribution policies focused on reduced use of other phosphate-based products could occur in the future. For example, a global retailer, as part of a corporate sustainability initiative, issued a statement indicating its intent to continue to reduce phosphates in laundry and dish detergents in its Latin American and Canadian stores. Also, some jurisdictions have threatened to further regulate or ban the use of polyphosphoric acid and orthophosphoric acid in asphalt road construction. During 2008, such restrictions were implemented in New York State, but reversed in Nebraska and in 2009 restrictions were reversed in Wyoming and relaxed in Colorado. In 2009, Colorado allowed the use of polyphosphoric acid in asphalt road construction on an exception basis. Such a ban, if instituted in multiple jurisdictions or throughout the U.S. and Canada, could have a significant impact on our business. Changes in composition or permitted-use regulations in domestic or export countries may affect the regulatory status of our finished products and our ability to sell these products into some markets. Such changes may in turn require reformulation or alternative raw material sourcing, potentially incurring additional cost. If these measures are not successful, the available markets for our products may be limited.
     Maintaining compliance with health and safety and environmental laws and regulations has resulted in ongoing costs for us. Currently, we are involved in several compliance and remediation efforts and agency inspections concerning health, safety and environmental matters.
Some existing environmental laws and regulations impose liability and responsibility on present and former owners, operators or users of facilities and sites for contamination at those locations without regard to causation or knowledge of contamination. Many of our sites have an extended history of industrial use. Soil and groundwater contamination have been detected at some of our sites, and additional contamination might occur or be discovered at these sites or other sites (including sites to which we may have sent hazardous waste) in the future. We continue to investigate, monitor or clean-up contamination at most of these sites. Due to the uncertainties associated with environmental investigations and clean-ups and the ongoing nature of the investigations and clean-ups at our sites, we cannot predict precisely the nature, cost, and timing of our future remedial obligations with respect to our sites.
International Operations
We have significant production operations in Mexico and Canada, and in 2012 we expect to begin blending operations at a new facility in China. We continually evaluate business opportunities that may expand our operations to other areas beyond our current operations. We believe that revenue from sales outside the U.S. will continue to account for a material portion of our total revenue for the foreseeable future. There are inherent risks in international operations, the most notable being currency fluctuations and devaluations, economic and business conditions that differ from U.S. cycles, divergent social and political conditions that may become unsettled or even disruptive, communication and translation delays and errors due to cultural and language barriers and less predictable outcomes from differing legal and judicial systems. Until we gain familiarity with the risk environment on an ongoing basis, our risks in those regards are likely to be greatest as we implement our new business start up in China. Among the additional risks potentially affecting our Mexican operations are changes in local economic conditions, currency devaluations, potential disruption from socio-political violence in that country, and difficulty in contract enforcement due to differences in the Mexican legal and regulatory regimes compared to those of the U.S. Risks to our Canadian operations, though generally less than for Mexico, nevertheless include a differing federal and provincial regulatory environment from that in the U.S. and currency fluctuations and devaluations. In the event we establish operations in new regions, our exposures to risks from the noted causes and from other as yet unknown causes may increase.
Our overall success as a multinational business depends, in part, upon our ability to succeed in differing economic, social and political conditions. Among other things, we are faced with potential difficulties in building and starting up local facilities,

Page 15 of 86




staffing and managing local workforces, and designing and effecting solutions to manage commercial risks posed by local customers and distributors. We may not continue to succeed in developing and implementing policies and strategies that are effective in each location where we do business. These risks are not limited to only those countries where we actually operate facilities, but may extend to areas and regions that supply and service our facilities or are supplied and serviced by them.
As a U.S. corporation, we are subject to the regulations imposed by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, which generally prohibit U.S. companies, their subsidiaries and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business. We sell many of our products in developing countries through sales agents and distributors whose personnel are not subject to our disciplinary procedures. While we and our subsidiaries are committed to conducting business in a legal and ethical manner wherever we operate, and we communicate and seek to monitor compliance with our policies by all who do business with us, we cannot be sure that all our third party distributors or agents remain in full compliance with the FCPA or comparable local regulation at all times.
Product Liability Exposure
Many of our products are performance or fortification additives used in the food and beverage, consumer product, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical industries. The sale of these additives and our customers' products that include them involve the risk of product liability and personal injury claims, which may be brought by our customers or end-users of products. While we adhere to stringent quality standards in the course of their production, storage and transportation, our products could be subject to adverse effects from foreign matter such as moisture, dust, odors, insects, mold or other substances, or from excessive temperature. Historically, we have not been subject to material product liability claims, and none are currently outstanding. However, because our products are used in manufacturing a wide variety of our customers' products, including those ingested by people, we cannot be sure we will not be subject to material product liability or recall claims in the future.
Production Facility Operating Hazards
Our production facilities are subject to hazards associated with the manufacturing, handling, storage, and transportation of chemical materials and products, including failure of pipeline integrity, explosions, fires, inclement weather and natural disasters, terrorist attacks, mechanical failures, unscheduled downtime, transportation interruptions, remedial complications, chemical spills, discharges or releases of toxic or hazardous substances, storage tank leaks and other environmental risks. We have implemented and installed various management systems and engineering controls and procedures at all our production facilities to minimize these risks. We also insure our facilities to protect against a range of risks. However, these potential hazards do exist and could cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment, and environmental and natural resource damage, and may result in a suspension of operations (or extended shutdowns) and the imposition of civil or criminal penalties, whose nature, timing, severity and non-insured exposures are unknown.
Intellectual Property Rights
We rely on a combination of contractual provisions, confidentiality procedures and agreements, and patent, trademark, copyright, unfair competition, trade secrecy, and other intellectual property laws to protect our intellectual property and other proprietary rights. Nonetheless, we cannot be sure that any pending patent application or trademark application will result in an issued patent or registered trademark, or that any issued or registered patents or trademarks will not be challenged, invalidated, circumvented or rendered unenforceable. The use of our intellectual property by others could reduce any competitive advantage we have developed or otherwise harm our business. Moreover, we cannot be sure that our property rights can be asserted in all cases, particularly in an international context, or that we can defend ourselves successfully or cost-effectively against the assertion of rights by others.
Contingency Planning
We operate a number of manufacturing facilities in the US, Canada and Mexico, and we coordinate company activities, including our sales, customer service, information technology systems and administrative services and the like, through headquarters operated in those countries.
Our sites and those of others who provide services to them are subject to varying risks of disaster and follow on consequences, both manmade and natural, that could degrade or render inoperable one or more of our facilities for an extended period of time. Such disaster related risks and effects are not predictable with certainty and, although they can be mitigated, they cannot be avoided. We seek to mitigate our exposures to physical disaster events in a number of ways. For example, where feasible, we design and engineer the configuration of our plants and the associated supply chains to reduce the consequences of disasters. We also maintain insurance for our facilities (and in maintaining our supply chain require insurance to be maintained by others) against casualties, including extended business interruption, and we continually evaluate our risks and develop

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contingency plans for dealing with them and policies for avoiding them in the future. Although we have reviewed and analyzed a broad range of risks applicable to our business, the ones that actually affect us may not be those we have concluded most likely to occur. Furthermore, although our reviews have led to more systematic contingency planning, our plans are in varying stages of development and execution, such that they may not be adequate at the time of occurrence for the magnitude of any particular disaster event that befalls us.
Certain Financial Risks
Contingencies Affecting Dividends
Following our 2006 public offering, our Board of Directors initiated a policy of paying regular quarterly cash dividends on our Common Stock, subject to the availability of funds, legal and contractual restrictions and prudent needs of our business. We have maintained that policy and paid dividends continuously since that time, making payments that we believed were prudent and promoted stockholder value. However, we are a holding company that does not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are normally dependent upon cash dividends, distributions and other transfers from our subsidiaries, most directly Innophos, Inc., our primary operating subsidiary, and Innophos Investments Holdings, Inc., its parent, to make dividend payments on our Common Stock. The amounts available to us to pay cash dividends are restricted by covenants in our debt agreements and by provisions of Delaware law. As allowed by existing debt instruments, we may incur additional indebtedness that may restrict to an even greater degree, or prohibit, the payment of dividends on stock. We cannot be sure the level of our operations or agreements governing our current or future indebtedness will permit us to adhere to our current dividend policy, or pay any dividends at all, or that continued payment of dividends will remain prudent for our business in the future judgment of our Board of Directors.
ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
 
ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES
Our headquarters are located in Cranbury, New Jersey, with manufacturing facilities strategically located throughout the United States, Canada, and Mexico. We operate eight facilities which manufacture our four main product lines: Specialty Ingredients, Food and Technical Grade PPA, STPP & Detergent Grade PPA, and GTSP & Other Products. Our largest manufacturing facility is located in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico. We operate five medium-size plants in Chicago Heights, Illinois, Nashville, Tennessee, Port Maitland, Canada (Ontario), Geismar, Louisiana and Ogden, Utah, which collectively produce our major products. We produce additional specialty salts in two plants located in Chicago, Illinois (Waterway), and Mission Hills, Mexico. All the facilities listed above are owned with the exception of Mission Hills, Mexico, where the land is leased long-term and Ogden, Utah where the building which houses the plant is leased. We also lease facilities at Cranbury, New Jersey, Mexico City, Mexico, and Mississauga, Canada (Ontario) which house our executive, commercial, administrative, product engineering and research and development employees, with the Cranbury, New Jersey facility serving as our world headquarters. We also own a distribution facility in Chicago which we use to service our customer base. By late 2012, we expect to start up a food grade specialty phosphate blending facility now under construction in Taicang City, China at a leased site. We do not own and are not responsible for any closed U.S. or Canadian elemental phosphorus or phosphate production sites.
 
ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information set forth in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, “Commitments and Contingencies,” in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
 
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.


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PART II
 
ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Certain Market Data
Our Common Stock has been listed and traded since November 2006 on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “IPHS.”
Stock price comparisons:
 
 
 
2011
 
2010
Quarter
 
High
 
Low
 
Dividends
Paid
Per Share
 
High
 
Low
 
Dividends
Paid
Per Share
First
 
$
46.11

 
$
33.17

 
$
0.17

 
$
28.04

 
$
17.79

 
$
0.17

Second
 
49.38

 
42.49

 
0.25

 
31.00

 
25.20

 
0.17

Third
 
50.81

 
37.30

 
0.25

 
33.10

 
24.22

 
0.17

Fourth
 
49.87

 
37.74

 
0.25

 
37.67

 
32.72

 
0.17


The Company paid the $0.25 per share dividend declared in the fourth quarter of 2011 in the first quarter of 2012.
The number of holders of record of our Common Stock at February 13, 2012 was 10,614.
Dividends

Consistent with the determination our Board of Directors made in December 2006, we continue to declare and pay quarterly dividends. During 2010, the quarterly dividend was $0.17 per share of Common Stock. The quarterly dividend was increased to $0.25 per share of Common Stock starting with the first quarter of 2011, and in February 2012 the quarterly dividend was increased to $0.27 per share of Common Stock. Subject to action by the Board of Directors management’s present policy is to recommend dividends be continued, reflecting its judgment at the present time that stockholders are better served if we distribute to them, as quarterly dividends payable at the discretion of the Board, a portion of the cash generated by our business in excess of our expected cash needs rather than retaining or using the cash for other purposes. Our expected cash needs include operating expenses and working capital requirements, interest and principal payments on our indebtedness, capital expenditures, costs associated with being a public company, taxes and other costs. If our financial needs change, management’s recommendations concerning dividends may also change.
We are not required to pay dividends, and our stockholders will not be guaranteed, or have contractual or other rights, to receive dividends. Our Board of Directors may decide, in its discretion at any time, to decrease or increase the amount of dividends, otherwise modify or repeal the dividend policy or discontinue entirely the payment of dividends.
In addition to prudent business considerations, our ability to pay dividends is restricted by the laws of Delaware, our state of incorporation, and may be restricted by agreements governing debt.
Since we are a holding company, substantially all assets shown on our consolidated balance sheet are held by our subsidiaries. Accordingly, our earnings and cash flow and our ability to pay dividends are largely dependent upon the earnings and cash flows of our subsidiaries and the distribution or other payment of such earnings to us in the form of dividends. Our ability to pay dividends on our Common Stock is limited by restrictions in our indebtedness affecting the ability to pay dividends. See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
Equity Compensation Plans
The following information is provided for our most recently completed fiscal year for certain plans providing compensation in the form of equity securities.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
 

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Plan category
 
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
 
Weighted average exercise
price of outstanding
options, warrants and rights
 
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under  equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
 
 
 
(a)
 
(b) **
 
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
1,109,962

 
$
18.55

 
1,796,021

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 

 
$

 

 
Total
 
1,109,962

 
$
18.55

 
1,796,021

 
 ______________________
*
Includes in the total 148,302 shares of Common Stock available for future grant and issuance under our 2006 Long Term Equity Incentive Plan. The remaining shares shown in column (c) are attributable to our 2009 Long Term Incentive Plan.
 
 
**
In column (b), the weighted average exercise price is only applicable to stock options.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
During 2011 the Board of Directors authorized a repurchase program for Company common stock of up to $50 million. Under the program, shares will be repurchased from time to time at management’s discretion, either through open market transactions, block purchases, private transactions or other means and will be funded through existing liquidity and cash from operations. A five year time limit has been set for the expiration of the program as initially structured. The timing of repurchases and the exact number of shares of common stock to be purchased will depend upon market conditions and other factors. However, annual repurchase amounts are expected at a minimum to be sufficient to reduce significantly, or eliminate, earnings per share dilution caused by shares issued upon the exercise of stock options and in connection with other equity based compensation plans. Treasury stock is recognized at the cost to reacquire the shares. During the third quarter, the Company repurchased 150,000 shares of its common stock on the open market at an average price of $40.93 per share or $6.1 million.

ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents selected historical consolidated statements of operations, balance sheet and other data for the periods presented and should only be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
 

Page 19 of 86




 
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, share amounts or where
otherwise noted)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2008
 
2007
Statement of operations data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
$
810,487

 
$
714,231

 
$
666,759

 
$
934,758

 
$
578,982

Cost of goods sold
605,172

 
556,826

 
470,780

 
570,176

 
474,785

Gross profit
205,315

 
157,405

 
195,979

 
364,582

 
104,197

Operating expenses:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
65,380

 
59,564

 
67,151

 
63,417

 
54,441

Research and development
2,923

 
2,405

 
1,938

 
2,310

 
2,047

Total operating expenses
68,303

 
61,969

 
69,089

 
65,727

 
56,488

Operating income
137,012

 
95,436

 
126,890

 
298,855

 
47,709

Interest expense, net
5,726

 
28,289

 
23,313

 
34,193

 
41,559

Foreign exchange losses (gains), net
875

 
659

 
(769
)
 
2,663

 
40

Other income, net

 

 

 
(386
)
 
(299
)
Income before income taxes
130,411

 
66,488

 
104,346

 
262,385

 
6,409

Provision for income taxes
43,889

 
21,333

 
41,202

 
55,202

 
11,896

Net income (loss)
$
86,522

 
$
45,155

 
$
63,144

 
$
207,183

 
$
(5,487
)
Allocation of net income (loss) to common shareholders
$
86,522

 
$
45,141

 
$
63,141

 
$
207,150

 
$
(5,487
)
Per share data:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) per share:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
3.99

 
$
2.11

 
$
2.97

 
$
9.89

 
$
(0.27
)
Diluted
$
3.83

 
$
2.02

 
$
2.87

 
$
9.54

 
$
(0.27
)
Cash dividends declared
$
1.00

 
$
0.68

 
$
0.68

 
$
0.68

 
$
0.68

Weighted average shares outstanding:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
21,694,453

 
21,421,226

 
21,258,536

 
20,956,566

 
20,676,859

Diluted
22,578,567

 
22,359,447

 
21,968,904

 
21,718,537

 
20,676,859

 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2008
 
2007
Other data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows provided from (used in):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
46,346

 
$
75,958

 
$
174,100

 
$
142,794

 
$
43,441

Investing activities
(54,728
)
 
(31,192
)
 
(19,609
)
 
(18,536
)
 
(30,476
)
Financing activities
(20,082
)
 
(113,511
)
 
(147,368
)
 
(14,591
)
 
(29,064
)
Capital expenditures
34,195

 
31,192

 
19,609

 
18,536

 
28,356

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (1)
17.7x

 
3.2x

 
4.6x

 
8.0x

 
1.1x

  ______________________
(1)
For purposes of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings represent income before income taxes plus fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of interest expense and one-third of operating rental expenses which management believes is representative of the interest component of rent expense.

Page 20 of 86




 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2008
 
2007
Balance sheet data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
35,242

 
$
63,706

 
$
132,451

 
$
125,328

 
$
15,661

Accounts receivable
104,421

 
74,691

 
56,345

 
79,541

 
60,079

Inventories
169,728

 
123,182

 
113,636

 
145,310

 
78,728

Property, plant & equipment, net
187,421

 
191,948

 
205,227

 
231,715

 
262,496

Total assets
687,015

 
626,890

 
662,468

 
728,204

 
542,699

Total debt
152,000

 
149,000

 
246,000

 
382,500

 
384,500

Total stockholders’ equity
$
393,208

 
$
330,716

 
$
295,378

 
$
242,760

 
$
44,704

 
ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This discussion contains forward-looking statements about our markets, the demand for our products and services and our future results. We based these statements on assumptions that we consider reasonable. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by our forward-looking statements for various reasons including those discussed in the “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements” sections of this report.

Background
Innophos is a leading international producer of mineral based performance-critical specialty ingredients with applications in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, oral care and industrial end markets. Innophos combines more than a century of experience in specialty phosphate manufacture with a growing capability in a broad range of other mineral ingredients, to supply a product range produced to the highest standards of quality and consistency demanded by customers worldwide. Many of Innophos' products are application-specific compounds engineered to meet customer performance requirements and are often critical to the taste, texture and performance of foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, oral care products and other applications. For example, Innophos products act as flavor enhancers in beverages, electrolytes in sports drinks, texture additives in cheeses, leavening agents in baked goods, pharmaceutical excipients, cleaning agents in toothpaste and provide a wide range of mineral fortification solutions for food, beverage and nutritional supplement manufacturers.
Effective November 1, 2011, our business included Kelatron, a leading producer of technically advanced chelated mineral ingredients, with a high quality base of customers in the supplement and sports nutrition markets. Chelation improves bioavailability - the digestive system's ability to absorb these essential minerals. Kelatron products deliver a wide range of minerals that are essential in small quantities to a balanced diet (micronutrients) and are highly complementary to the macronutrients of calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus currently manufactured by Innophos. The acquisition is expected to significantly strengthen Innophos' offering to its food, beverage and dietary supplement customers.
Below is a summary chart of the corporate structure of our subsidiaries at December 31, 2011.

Page 21 of 86




2011 Overview
Our financial performance in 2011 was highlighted by:
Net sales of $810.5 million compared to $714.2 million for 2010, a $96.3 million improvement mostly attributable to higher selling prices;
Operating income of $137.0 million was $41.6 million higher than the $95.4 million recorded in the prior year. 2011 operating income includes a full year $3.4 million benefit resulting from a reduction in the provision for excess water duty charges in Mexico following a settlement with Rhodia on Rhodia's liability for the charges and improved estimates on probable amounts to be paid to the Mexican Comision National del Agua, or CNA, and 2010 includes a net $21.0 million charge ($41.2 million gross, less a $20.2 million Rhodia indemnity receivable) for the CNA provision;
Net interest expense decreased $22.6 million due to the replacement in mid-2010 of $246 million of notes averaging 9% interest with a partially drawn $225 million senior secured credit facility that averaged interest rates below 4% in 2011;
Net income was $86.5 million or $3.83 per share (diluted);
The acquisition on October 31, 2011 of privately held KI Acquisition, Inc., the parent of Kelatron Corporation, for approximately $21 million. Kelatron is a leading producer of bioactive mineral nutrients sold into the nutritional and dietary supplements markets, based in Ogden, Utah.
A net decrease in cash of $28.5 million was principally due to increased net working capital (current assets excluding cash minus current liabilities excluding current portion of long-term debt) to $249.1 million at December 31, 2011;
Capital expenditures of $34.2 million compared to $31.2 million in 2010, with higher spending due to manufacturing investments consisting of:
Debottlenecking U.S. & Canada and Mexico Specialty Salts facilities
Coatzacoalcos’ upgrade of purified phosphoric acid, or PPA to food grade capability and enhanced capability to process multiple grades of phosphate rock
Expanding geographically with investment in China
Completion of the Company's Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system;

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Dividends of $0.92 per share paid on the Common Stock.
Refer to the Company’s results of operations and liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2011 for further details.
Recent Trends and Outlook

Underlying demand conditions for Specialty Phosphates remain strong, as evidenced by the excellent results in our Mexico Specialty Phosphates business in the fourth quarter 2011. U.S. & Canada volume in the fourth quarter 2011 was below expectations as a result of the weakening environment for horticultural and industrial applications; however, these effects are not expected to continue into 2012 and, overall, management expects 2012 Specialty Phosphates volume growth to be in line with the 4-6% long term expectation driven by product innovation and geographic growth.

Throughout 2011, the Specialty Phosphates business met or exceeded its pricing objectives with fourth quarter pricing up 13% year over year for Specialty Phosphates and 16% for total Innophos. This covered higher overall raw material costs that approximated $22 million for the 2011 fourth quarter.

Market raw material prices increased as expected during the fourth quarter, but began to moderate as fertilizer market demand slowed towards the end of the year and into early 2012. Innophos raw material costs are expected overall to continue increasing through the first half of 2012 primarily from the impact of the portion of raw material costs fixed annually resetting to higher 2011 benchmark levels. Management also expects to increase the level of expenditure on evaluating the company's Mexican phosphate rock concessions, leading to an additional $3-4 million of expense in 2012.

Targeted volume growth and some further expected increase in selling prices on a year over year basis are expected to offset the cost increases noted above to generate 2012 operating income growth for Specialty Phosphates in line with 7-10% long term expectations.

Trends in fertilizer markets are currently difficult to predict accurately, creating limited visibility in the GTSP business and for market raw material price trends in general. Recent industry publications have reported lower short term spot pricing on weaker demand conditions. As a result, GTSP margins are expected to be significantly lower in the 2012 first quarter than just recorded in the 2011 fourth quarter, with sales expected to be around $20 million and margins expected in the low to mid-single digits. GTSP margins are typically advantaged when fertilizer prices move up and disadvantaged when fertilizer prices decline. If fertilizer prices stabilize through the rest of 2012, GTSP margins are expected to improve.
 
Net debt (total debt less cash) increased $62 million in the fourth quarter 2011 due to $64 million of increased working capital. The increase came from increases in the value of raw materials and finished goods, the timing of phosphate rock purchases and a decision to increase U.S. finished goods inventory levels in support of improved service levels. Excluding the working capital increase, operating cash flow in the quarter was sufficient to fund the $21 million Kelatron acquisition. Management expects strong operating cash flow generation in 2012 with a moderate reduction in working capital levels expected and capital expenditures targeted at or below depreciation levels.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures were $34 million in 2011, just below the $35 to $40 million expected range and, as a result, the 2012 expectation is for higher expenditures of $40 to $45 million. Investment continues to be focused on debottlenecking U.S. & Canada and Mexico Specialty Ingredients facilities, expanding geographically including the investment in China, and enhancing Mexico's capability to process multiple grades of rock, consistent with the Company's supply chain diversification strategy.
Rhodia Settlement over Mexican Water Fees

Innophos recently settled with Rhodia all issues between the companies concerning indemnity claims for water fees by the Mexican water commission (CNA), certain port concession fees, and all other matters in related litigation filed by Innophos and pending between the companies in the New York courts since 2005.

Separately, Innophos reached agreement with the CNA and began paying agreed sums disposing of the CNA claims for 2009 and 2010 for lesser amounts than previously accrued for these years. In September 2011, CNA issued resolutions seeking fees, interest and penalties for the periods 2005-2008 in amounts similar to those previously accrued by Innophos.  Innophos is working with CNA on reaching an agreement aimed at resolving those outstanding claims at acceptable terms to Innophos.


Page 23 of 86




After reducing the company's estimate for the amounts expected to be claimed by the CNA and after including the benefits of the 2012 Rhodia settlement, Innophos adjusted its expectation for the cost of settling these claims in full through the end of 2011, to $3.7 million after tax. This represents a reduction of $7.3 million after tax compared to the provision estimate at the end of the third quarter 2011. Of this amount, $0.5 million was included in the fourth quarter 2011 as it related to previously existing liabilities, and an additional $6.8 million benefit will be recorded in the first quarter 2012.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth a summary of the Company’s operations and their percentages of total revenue for the periods indicated. (dollars in millions):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
 
Amount
 
%
Net sales
$
810.5

 
100.0

 
$
714.2

 
100.0

 
$
666.8

 
100.0

Cost of goods sold
605.2

 
74.7

 
556.8

 
78.0

 
470.8

 
70.6

Gross profit
205.3

 
25.3

 
157.4

 
22.0

 
196.0

 
29.4

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
65.4

 
8.1

 
59.6

 
8.3

 
67.2

 
10.1

Research & development
2.9

 
0.4

 
2.4

 
0.3

 
1.9

 
0.3

Income from operations
137.0

 
8.4

 
95.4

 
13.4

 
126.9

 
19.0

Interest expense, net
5.7

 
0.7

 
28.3

 
4.0

 
23.3

 
3.5

Foreign exchange losses (gains), net
0.9

 
0.1

 
0.6

 
0.1

 
(0.8
)
 
(0.1
)
Other income

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes
43.9

 
5.4

 
21.3

 
3.0

 
41.3

 
6.2

Net income
$
86.5

 
10.7

 
$
45.2

 
6.3

 
$
63.1

 
9.4


Year Ended December 31, 2011 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2010
Net Sales
Net sales represent the selling price of the products, net of any customer-related rebates, plus freight and any other items invoiced to customers. Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2011 were $810.5 million, an increase of $96.3 million, or 13.5%, as compared to $714.2 million for the same period in 2010. Selling price increases had a positive effect on revenue of 12.1% or $86.3 million which occurred across all product lines and segments. Volumes increased 1.4% or $10.0 million which occurred primarily in Food & Technical Grade PPA.
The Company calculates pure selling price dollar variances as the selling price for the current year to date period minus the selling price for the prior year to date period, and then multiplies the resulting selling price difference by the prior year to date period volume. Volume variance is calculated as the total sales variance minus the selling price variance and refers to the revenue effect of changes in tons sold at the relative prices applicable to the variation in tons, otherwise known as volume/mix. The following table illustrates for the year ended December 31, 2011 the percentage changes in net sales by reportable segment compared with the prior year, including the effect of price and volume/mix changes upon revenue:
 
 
Price
 
Volume/Mix
 
Total
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
7.5
%
 
(1.4
)%
 
6.1
%
Specialty Phosphates Mexico
14.0
%
 
14.4
 %
 
28.4
%
Total Specialty Phosphates
9.0
%
 
2.1
 %
 
11.1
%
GTSP & Other
39.0
%
 
(5.2
)%
 
33.8
%
Total
12.1
%
 
1.4
 %
 
13.5
%
Note: Kelatron sales for November/December had a 0.4% effect on Specialty Phosphates US & Canada volume/mix and total variances.
The following table illustrates for the year ended December 31, 2011 the percentage changes for net sales by Specialty Phosphates product lines compared with the prior year, including the effect of price and volume/mix changes:

Page 24 of 86




 
 
Price
 
Volume/Mix
 
Total
Specialty Ingredients
7.4
%
 
0.5
 %
 
7.9
%
Food & Technical Grade PPA
10.0
%
 
12.2
 %
 
22.2
%
STPP & Detergent Grade PPA
16.6
%
 
(2.3
)%
 
14.3
%
Note: Kelatron sales for November/December had a 0.4% effect on the Specialty Ingredients volume/mix and total variances.

Gross Profit
Gross profit represents net sales less cost of goods sold. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $205.3 million, an increase of $47.9 million, or 30.4%, as compared to $157.4 million for the same period in 2010. Gross profit percentage increased to 25.3% for the year ended December 31, 2011 versus 22.0% for the same period in 2010. Gross profit was favorably affected by $86.3 million for higher selling prices, $6.9 million for lower depreciation, and $3.4 million primarily resulting from a reduction in provision for excess water duty charges in Mexico following settlement with Rhodia on Rhodia's liability for the charges and improved estimates on the probable amount to be paid to the Mexican water authority (CNA). There was a $3.2 million unfavorable impact for a planned maintenance outage at our Coatzacoalcos, Mexico manufacturing facility and a $1.2 million unfavorable exchange rate impact mostly from Mexican peso based costs. Higher raw material costs and higher manufacturing costs partially offset by increased sales volumes had a combined unfavorable impact of $66.4 million. Included in 2010 was a charge of $21.0 million for the Mexican CNA matter, net of a $20.2 million Rhodia indemnity receivable and $1.1 million expense for the planned maintenance outage at our Geismar, LA. manufacturing facility.
Operating Expenses and Research and Development
Operating expenses in 2011 consisted primarily of selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses. Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 were $68.3 million, an increase of $6.3 million, or 10.2%, as compared to $62.0 million for 2010. The increase was primarily due to $3.3 million of ERP system support expenses, $1.3 million of non-cash stock compensation paid under our employee benefit programs and higher employee related medical expenses, $1.1 million increased commercial activities, $1.1 million higher depreciation due to the capitalization of the ERP system which was put into service on August 27, 2011 and $0.4 million of miscellaneous net increases. This was partially offset by $0.9 million lower legal expenses related to the arbitration of a phosphate rock supply dispute in the prior year.
Operating Income
Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $137.0 million, an increase of $41.6 million, or 43.6%, as compared to $95.4 million for the same period in 2010. Operating income percentages increased to 16.9% for 2011 from 13.4% for 2010.
Interest Expense, net
Net interest expense, including deferred financing amortization expense, for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $5.7 million, a decrease of $22.6 million, or 79.9% as compared to $28.3 million for the same period in 2010. This decrease is due to the replacement in mid-2010 of $246 million of notes averaging 9% interest with a senior secured bank credit facility of up to $225 million that averaged interest rates below 4% in 2011. Included in 2010 were $5.6 million call premiums and $5.8 million accelerated deferred financing costs related to the redemption of $190 million Senior Subordinated Notes.
Foreign Exchange
Foreign exchange loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $0.9 million as compared to a loss of $0.6 million for 2010. The U.S. Dollar is the functional currency of our Mexican and Canadian operations. Consequently, foreign exchange gain or loss is recorded on remeasurement of non-U.S. dollar denominated monetary assets and liabilities. Such gains and losses fluctuate from period to period as the foreign currencies strengthen or weaken against the U.S. dollar and the amount of non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and liabilities increases or decreases.
Provision for Income Taxes
The effective tax rate increase from 32.1% in 2010 to 33.7% in 2011 is primarily the result of the net tax effect of Mexican Comision National del Agua, or CNA, Fresh Water Claims reducing our tax rate by 4.9% in 2010 partially offset by a

Page 25 of 86




3.6% favorable effect of foreign tax rates due to higher income in jurisdictions with lower tax rates.
Net Income
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $86.5 million, an increase of $41.3 million as compared to $45.2 million for the same period in 2010, due to the factors described above.

Year Ended December 31, 2010 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009
Net Sales
Net sales represent the selling price of the products, net of any customer-related rebates, plus freight and any other items invoiced to customers. Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2010 were $714.2 million, an increase of $47.4 million, or 7.1%, as compared to $666.8 million for the same period in 2009. Selling price decreases had a negative impact on revenue of 13.6% or $90.4 million. GTSP prices increased for the comparable period in line with market prices but were offset by price declines across all other product lines primarily in comparison to higher pricing levels at the beginning of the prior year. Volume effects upon revenue were positive 20.7% or $137.8 million with all major product lines contributing.
The Company calculates pure selling price dollar variances as the selling price for the current year to date period minus the selling price for the prior year to date period, and then multiplies the resulting selling price difference by the prior year to date period volume. Volume variance is calculated as the total sales variance minus the selling price variance and refers to the revenue effect of changes in tons sold at the relative prices applicable to the variation in tons, otherwise known as volume/mix. The following table illustrates for the year ended December 31, 2010 the percentage changes in net sales by reportable segment compared with the prior year, including the effect of price and volume/mix changes upon revenue:
 
 
Price
 
Volume/Mix
 
Total
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
(16.7
)%
 
15.6
%
 
(1.1
)%
Specialty Phosphates Mexico
(17.5
)%
 
27.6
%
 
10.1
 %
Total Specialty Phosphates
(16.8
)%
 
18.0
%
 
1.2
 %
GTSP & Other
47.5
 %
 
69.0
%
 
116.5
 %
Total
(13.6
)%
 
20.7
%
 
7.1
 %
The following table illustrates for the year ended December 31, 2010 the percentage changes for net sales by Specialty Phosphates product lines compared with the prior year, including the effect of price and volume/mix changes:
 
 
Price
 
Volume/Mix
 
Total
Specialty Ingredients
(14.3
)%
 
16.0
%
 
1.7
 %
Food & Technical Grade PPA
(24.1
)%
 
25.9
%
 
1.8
 %
STPP & Detergent Grade PPA
(21.3
)%
 
19.3
%
 
(2.0
)%
Gross Profit
Gross profit represents net sales less cost of goods sold. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $157.4 million, a decrease of $38.6 million, or 19.7%, as compared to $196.0 million for the same period in 2009. Gross profit percentage decreased to 22.0% for the year ended December 31, 2010 versus 29.4% for the same period in 2009. The change in gross profit was negatively affected by a $21.0 million charge for the Mexican CNA Fresh Water Claims, net of the $20.2 million Rhodia indemnity receivable, lower selling prices which had an unfavorable effect of $90.4 million, $3.0 million unfavorable exchange rate impact mostly from Mexican peso based costs, $7.6 million higher cash fixed costs mainly due to the higher operating rates at our Mexico facilities, and $1.1 million expense for the planned maintenance outage at our Geismar, LA manufacturing facility. Favorable impacts to gross profit were sales volume, lower raw material costs, lower depreciation expense, and favorable inventory related variances which resulted in a net favorable effect of $77.5 million. Included in the 2009 results was a charge of approximately $7.0 million as a result of the settlement of the arbitration arising from a phosphate rock supplier dispute.
Operating Expenses and Research and Development
Operating expenses in 2010 consisted primarily of selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses. Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2010 were $62.0 million, a decrease of $7.1 million, or 10.3%, as compared to $69.1 million for 2009. The year over year improvement in operating expenses was due to $5.2 million lower

Page 26 of 86




ERP project expenses as a result of completing the design phase and capitalizing the build phase and $5.0 million lower legal expenses related to arbitration of a phosphate supply dispute in the prior year partially offset by $1.7 million increased non-cash stock compensation expense and $1.4 million increase in all other costs.
Operating Income
Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $95.4 million, a decrease of $31.5 million, or 24.8%, as compared to $126.9 million for the same period in 2009. Operating income percentages decreased to 13.4% for 2010 from 19.0% for 2009.
Interest Expense, net
Net interest expense, including deferred financing amortization expense, for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $28.3 million, an increase of $5.0 million, or 21.5% as compared to $23.3 million for the same period in 2009. This increase is primarily due to $5.6 million call premiums and increased accelerated deferred financing costs of $5.8 million related to the redemption of our $190 million Senior Subordinated Notes. This increase was partially offset by lower interest expense from paying off the remaining balance of a term loan from a prior credit facility in the second quarter of 2009, the redemption of the remaining balance of the Company’s 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes in the second quarter of 2010 and lower interest due to the new capital structure in the fourth quarter of 2010. There was a gain of $3.5 million recorded in the second quarter of 2009 on the retirement of $10.0 million of the 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes.
Foreign Exchange
Foreign exchange loss for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $0.6 million as compared to a gain of $0.8 million for 2009. The U.S. Dollar is the functional currency of our Mexican and Canadian operations. Consequently, foreign exchange gain or loss is recorded on re-measurement of non-U.S. Dollar denominated monetary assets and liabilities. Such gains and losses fluctuate from period to period as the foreign currencies strengthen or weaken against the U.S. Dollar and the amount of non-U.S. Dollar denominated assets and liabilities increases or decreases.
Provision for Income Taxes
The decrease in the effective tax rate from 39.5% in 2009 to 32.1% in 2010 is primarily the result of the net tax effect of CNA Fresh Water Claims reducing our tax rate by 4.9%, an increase in the domestic manufacturing deduction reducing
the rate by 1.4% and an additional tax liability in 2009 under the Mexican alternative minimum tax (“IETU”) rules increasing the tax rate in 2009 by 0.9% as compared to 2010.
Net Income
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $45.2 million, a decrease of $17.9 million as compared to $63.1 million for the same period in 2009, due to the factors described above.
Segment Reporting
The Company reports its core Specialty Phosphates business separately from GTSP & Other. Specialty Phosphates consists of the products lines Specialty Ingredients, Food & Technical Grade PPA and STPP & Detergent Grade PPA. Kelatron is included in the Specialty Phosphates US & Canada segment and in the Specialty Ingredients product line. GTSP & Other includes fertilizer co-product GTSP and other non-Specialty Phosphate products. The primary performance indicators for the chief operating decision maker are sales and operating income. The following table sets forth the historical results of these indicators by segment:
 

Page 27 of 86




 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Segment Net Sales
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
$
525,662

 
$
495,473

 
$
500,995

Specialty Phosphates Mexico
186,211

 
145,078

 
131,731

Total Specialty Phosphates
711,873

 
640,551

 
632,726

GTSP & Other
98,614

 
73,680

 
34,033

Total
$
810,487

 
$
714,231

 
$
666,759

Net Sales % Growth
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
6.1
%
 
(1.1
)%
 
 
Specialty Phosphates Mexico
28.4
%
 
10.1
 %
 
 
Total Specialty Phosphates
11.1
%
 
1.2
 %
 
 
GTSP & Other
33.8
%
 
116.5
 %
 
 
Total
13.5
%
 
7.1
 %
 
 
Segment Operating Income
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
$
94,055

 
$
101,286

 
$
126,080

Specialty Phosphates Mexico
21,948

 
9,739

 
12,956

Total Specialty Phosphates
116,003

 
111,025

 
139,036

GTSP & Other (a) (b)
21,009

 
(15,589
)
 
(12,146
)
Total
$
137,012

 
$
95,436

 
$
126,890

Segment Operating Income % of net sales
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
17.9
%
 
20.4
 %
 
25.2
 %
Specialty Phosphates Mexico
11.8
%
 
6.7
 %
 
9.8
 %
Total Specialty Phosphates
16.3
%
 
17.3
 %
 
22.0
 %
GTSP & Other (a) (b)
21.3
%
 
(21.2
)%
 
(35.7
)%
Total
16.9
%
 
13.4
 %
 
19.0
 %
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada
$
19,808

 
$
28,367

 
$
30,495

Specialty Phosphates Mexico
18,050

 
15,721

 
16,531

Total Specialty Phosphates
$
37,858

 
44,088

 
47,026

GTSP & Other
5,818

 
5,383

 
4,161

Total
$
43,676

 
$
49,471

 
$
51,187


(a)
The year ended December 31, 2011, includes a $3.4 million benefit to earnings primarily due to the reduction in provision for excess water duty charges in Mexico following a settlement with Rhodia on Rhodia's liability for the charges and improved estimates on the probable amount to be paid to the Mexican water authority (CNA).
(b)
The year ended December 31, 2010, includes a net $21.0 million charge to earnings for the above mentioned water duties.
Segment Net Sales:
Specialty Phosphates US & Canada net sales increased 6.1% for the year ended December 31, 2011 when compared with the same period in 2010. Volumes decreased 1.4% primarily due to a final step in STPP reformulation at a large industrial customer that occurred in early 2011 and, towards the end of the year, some weakening in demand for horticulture and industrial applications correlating more closely to the agricultural and broader economic environment. Selling prices increased 7.5% with increases across all product lines. In 2010 net sales decreased 1.1% when compared with 2009. Volumes increased 15.6% with success in food and beverage markets driving strong specialty ingredients sales and recovery of industrial markets benefiting PPA. Selling prices decreased 16.7% primarily in comparison to higher pricing levels at the beginning of the prior year.
Specialty Phosphates Mexico net sales increased 28.4% for the year ended December 31, 2011 when compared with the same period in 2010. Volumes increased 14.4% reflecting significant success in growing higher value food grade PPA and specialty ingredients supported by record production levels for the specialty ingredient product ranges manufactured in Mexico. Selling prices increased 14.0% with increases across all product lines. In 2010 net sales increased 10.1% when compared with

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2009. Volumes increased 27.6% as Mexico was able to increase operating rates after securing competitive phosphate rock supply. Selling prices decreased 17.5% primarily in comparison to higher pricing levels at the beginning of the prior year.
GTSP & Other net sales increased 33.8% for the year ended December 31, 2011 when compared with the same period in 2010 with 39.0% higher selling prices partially offset by 5.2% lower volumes. In 2010 net sales increased 116.5% when compared with 2009 on 69.0% higher volumes and 47.5% higher selling prices, which improved in line with market.
Segment Operating Income Percentage of Net Sales:
The 2.5% decrease in Specialty Phosphates US & Canada for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared with the same period in 2010 is mainly due to the effects of an increased revenue base to offset higher raw material costs along with increased operating expenses primarily resulting from running the new ERP system. Included in 2010 was expense for the planned maintenance outage at the Geismar, La. manufacturing facility. The 4.8% decrease in Specialty Phosphates US & Canada for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared with the same period in 2009 is mainly due to decreased selling prices partially offset by lower raw material costs and decreased manufacturing, depreciation and operating expenses.
The 5.1% increase in Specialty Phosphates Mexico for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared with the same period in 2010 is mainly due to increased selling prices that exceeded raw material cost increases, leverage from significantly higher sales volumes, and lower legal expenses partially offset by higher manufacturing costs due to higher operating rates and a planned maintenance outage at the Coatzacoalcos manufacturing facility. The 3.1% decrease in Specialty Phosphates Mexico for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared with the same period in 2009 is mainly due to decreased selling prices, higher manufacturing costs due to higher operating rates and higher logistics costs related to third quarter weather disruption partially offset by lower legal fees and lower raw material costs. Included in the 2009 results were $2.0 million Mexican workforce reorganization costs.
The 42.5% increase in GTSP & Other for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared with the same period in 2010 is primarily due to higher selling prices and a net benefit of $3.4 million primarily the result of a reduction in provision for excess water duty charges in Mexico following settlement with Rhodia on Rhodia's liability for the charges and improved estimates on the probable amount to be paid to the Mexican water authority (CNA), partially offset by higher manufacturing costs partly due to costs from a planned maintenance outage at the Coatzacoalcos manufacturing facility. In 2010 there was a $21.0 million charge for the Mexican CNA Fresh Water Claims, net of the Rhodia indemnity receivable of $20.2 million. The 14.5% increase in GTSP & Other for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared with the same period in 2009 is primarily due to significantly higher selling prices and lower raw material costs partially offset by a $21.0 million charge for the Mexican CNA Fresh Water Claims, net of the Rhodia indemnity receivable of $20.2 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table sets forth a summary of the Company’s cash flows for the periods indicated.
 
(Dollars in millions)
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Operating Activities
$
46.3

 
$
76.0

 
$
174.1

Investing Activities
(54.7
)
 
(31.2
)
 
(19.6
)
Financing Activities
(20.1
)
 
(113.5
)
 
(147.4
)

Year Ended December 31, 2011 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2010
Net cash provided by operating activities was $46.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to $76.0 million for 2010, a decrease of $29.7 million. The decrease in operating activities cash resulted primarily from an unfavorable change of $71.4 million in working capital partially offset by a $41.3 million favorable change in net income as described earlier.
The change in working capital is a use of cash of $90.6 million in 2011 compared to a use in 2010 of $19.2 million, a decrease in cash of $71.4 million. The change in working capital is mainly due to higher accounts receivable resulting from higher sales and increased exports which bear longer terms and higher inventory levels as described below. Other current liabilities saw a significant decrease compared to 2010 mainly due to recording a $41.6 million liability for Mexican water duties in 2010, which was partially offset by increases in other current assets mainly due to recording a $20.2 million receivable

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for a Rhodia indemnity in 2010.
Total inventories increased $46.5 million from December 2010 levels resulting in days of inventory on hand increasing to 102 days. The increase came from higher values affecting both raw materials and finished goods, the timing of phosphate rock purchases and a decision to increase U.S. finished goods inventory levels in support of improved service levels. The following chart shows its historical performance:
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Inventory Days on Hand
102

 
84

 
89


Net cash used for investing activities was $54.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $31.2 million for 2010, an increase in the use of cash of $23.5 million which was mainly due to the investment in Kelatron and higher spending on several manufacturing expansion projects.

On October 31, 2011, Innophos, Inc. acquired Kelatron and its parent for approximately $21 million.
The Company is investing to grow its food, beverage and pharmaceutical phosphate business, especially geographically, and also to diversify its raw material supply long term. Projects were completed in 2011 in the U.S. to debottleneck and increase production capabilities of various specialty ingredients such as the $4.5 million calcium leavening agents project at the Nashville, TN plant and the tri-calcium phosphate capacity expansion project at Chicago Heights, IL. In Mexico, projects are focused on debottlenecking Specialty Ingredients units and on enhancing Mexico's capability to process multiple grades of rock consistent with the Company's supply chain diversification strategy. The Company also announced in the 2011 third quarter a new China subsidiary aimed at developing its Food Grade Specialty Phosphates business in Asia.
Innophos currently estimates that full exploration costs to a proven reserves standard for its Santo Domingo mining concession deposit could require expenditures of $10 to $15 million over a period, currently estimated at three to five years, inclusive of expenditures to date. This estimate includes mineral rights payments, taxes, mineral resource measurement, beneficiation process design and completion of feasibility studies. Full expenditures would only occur if interim milestone goals were successfully attained. 2011 overall concession-related expenditures were approximately $1.4 million, and management currently expects to spend an additional $3-4 million above the 2011 rate to accelerate evaluations of the rock concessions. Innophos intends to seek one or more partners for these efforts, but anticipates no difficulties in completing the exploration phase without a partnership.
Net cash used for financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2011, was a use of $20.1 million, compared to a use of $113.5 million in 2010, a decrease in the use of cash of $93.4 million. This was mainly due to funds received from the 2010 bank credit facility in the form of a $100 million term loan and a $70 million revolver draw, of which $20 million was subsequently repaid during 2010. These funds along with $20 million of on-hand cash were used to redeem the $190 million Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014. In the second quarter of 2010, there was a net $49.5 million decrease in cash for the redemption of the remaining balance of the 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2012.
In March 2011, the Company announced a 47% increase in its quarterly dividend rate from $0.17 per share to $0.25 per share starting with the first quarter 2011 payment in April which resulted in $5.4 million higher dividends paid in 2011 compared to 2010. In February 2012, the Company announced an additional 8% increase in its quarterly dividend rate from $0.25 per share to $0.27 per share staring with the first quarter 2012 payment to be made in April.
In August 2011, the Company announced a share repurchase program for Company common stock of up to $50 million. Under the program, shares will be repurchased from time to time at management's discretion, either through open market transactions, block purchases, private transactions or other means and will be funded through existing liquidity and cash from operations. A five year time limit has been set for the expiration of the program as initially structured. The timing of repurchases and the exact number of shares of common stock to be purchased will depend upon market conditions and other factors. However, annual repurchase amounts are expected at a minimum to be sufficient to reduce significantly, or eliminate, earnings per share dilution caused by shares issued upon the exercise of stock options and in connection with other equity based compensation plans. During the third quarter, the Company repurchased 150,000 shares of its common stock on the open market at an average price of $40.93 per share or a total of $6.1 million.

Year Ended December 31, 2010 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009

Page 30 of 86




Net cash provided by operating activities was $76.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to $174.1 million for 2009, a decrease of $98.1 million. The decrease in operating activities cash resulted primarily from unfavorable changes of $76.1 million in working capital and $17.9 million in net income as described earlier.
The change in working capital is a use of cash of $19.2 million in 2010 compared to a source in 2009 of $56.9 million, a decrease in cash of $76.1 million. The change in working capital is mainly due to increases in other current assets, accounts receivable and inventory to support higher sales levels and increased operating rates in Mexico. Other current assets include a $20.2 million receivable from Rhodia for indemnity of the pre-2002 CNA Fresh Water Claims and $15.9 million of tax refunds due to our Mexican subsidiary. This was partially offset by higher accounts payable and other current liabilities due to recording a $41.6 million liability for both the pre-2002 and expected post-2002 CNA Fresh Water Claims.
Total inventories increased $9.5 million from December 2009 levels. However, days of inventory on hand decreased five days. The following chart shows its historical performance:
 
 
2010
 
2009
 
2008
Inventory Days on Hand
84

 
89

 
93


Net cash used for investing activities was $31.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to $19.6 million for 2009, an increase in the use of cash of $11.6 million which was mainly due to higher capital spending for the Company’s ERP project and several manufacturing expansion projects.
In the second quarter of 2009 the Company launched an ERP project to upgrade its systems technology and to improve its position as a reliable specialty phosphate supplier. Through December 31, 2010, the Company had spent approximately $24.7 million on this project, of which approximately $17.0 million was capitalized. Management anticipates implementation in mid 2011.
The Company is investing to grow its food, beverage and pharmaceutical phosphate business, especially geographically, and also to diversify its raw material supply long term. Projects are underway in the U.S. to debottleneck and increase production capabilities of various specialty salts such as the recently announced $4.5 million calcium leavening agents project at its Nashville, TN plant. The Company also has a smaller investment in its Port Maitland, Canada facility to manufacture potassium phosphates. Additionally, in conjunction with the investment in the Coatzacoalcos facility to more than double its existing food grade PPA capacity which was completed in the first quarter 2010, the site personnel have conducted successful production tests of several additional food grade specialty salts to enable a shift in focus from detergency to the multiple food market segments served by specialty salts and food grade PPA.
Innophos currently estimates that full exploration costs to a proven reserves standard for its Santo Domingo mining concession deposit could require expenditures of $10 to $15 million over a period, currently estimated at three to five years, inclusive of expenditures to date. This estimate includes mineral rights payments, taxes, mineral resource measurement, beneficiation process design and completion of feasibility studies. Full expenditures would only occur if interim milestone goals were successfully attained. 2010 expenditures on the exploration of the Baja California Sur concession deposits were approximately $1.0 million. It is estimated that 2011 overall concession-related expenditures will be approximately $1.0 million to $4.5 million, with efforts primarily focused on the Santo Domingo deposit. Innophos intends to seek one or more partners for these efforts, but anticipates no difficulties in completing the exploration phase without a partnership.
Net cash used for financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2010, was a use of $113.5 million, compared to a use of $147.4 million in 2009, a decrease in the use of cash of $33.9 million. This was mainly due to funds received from the new 2010 bank Credit Agreement in the form of a $100 million term loan and a $70 million revolver draw, of which $20 million was subsequently repaid during 2010. These funds along with $20 million of on-hand cash were used to redeem the $190 million Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014. In the second quarter of 2010, there was a net $49.5 million decrease in cash for the redemption of the remaining balance of the 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2012. In 2009, there were $126.5 million of term loan principal payments under a previous credit facility entered into in 2004.
Indebtedness
Total debt was $152.0 million as of December 31, 2011. Short term and long term debt net of cash was $116.8 million as of December 31, 2011, an increase of $31.5 million, or 36.9% from December 31, 2010.
On September 27, 2010, the Company redeemed for cash all of the $190.0 million Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014. The Company paid $197.6 million, including a call premium of approximately $5.6 million and accrued interest of

Page 31 of 86




approximately $2.0 million. In connection with the redemption of the Senior Subordinated Notes, the Company charged to earnings accelerated deferred financing charges of approximately $4.5 million.
On August 27, 2010, Innophos Holdings, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiaries, Innophos Investments Holdings, Inc. and Innophos, Inc. entered into a Credit Agreement with a group of lenders. The Credit Agreement provides the Companies with a term loan of $100.0 million and a revolving line of credit from the Lenders of up to $125.0 million, including a $20.0 million letter of credit sub-facility, all maturing on August 26, 2015. Prepayments of term loan are required at the rate of 1% of original principal amount (or $1 million) per quarter beginning on December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2011, $95.0 million was outstanding under the Term Loan and $57.0 million was outstanding under the revolving line of credit with total availability at $66.7 million, taking into account $1.3 million in face amount of letters of credit issued under the sub-facility. Refer to Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
Prior to the 2010 credit facility, Innophos, Inc. and its subsidiary, Innophos Canada, Inc. entered into a Loan and Security Agreement on May 22, 2009 which replaced a Credit Agreement dated as of August 13, 2004.
In the third quarter of 2010, the Company entered into an interest rate swap with an original notional amount of $100 million adjusting quarterly consistent with the 2010 term loan, with a fixed rate of 1.994% plus the applicable margin on the debt expiring in August 2015. The Company has the right to cancel the swap with no fee on September 28, 2012 and anytime thereafter. The fair value of this interest rate swap is a liability of approximately $0.8 million as of December 31, 2011.
In April 2009, the Company purchased $10.0 million of the 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2012 for $6.5 million. The $3.5 million retirement gain was reflected as interest income in our Consolidated Statement of Operations in the second quarter of 2009. The Company also recorded accelerated deferred financing costs of approximately $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2009.
The Company redeemed for cash all remaining $56.0 million of the 9.5% Senior Unsecured Notes in April 2010. The redemption price for the Notes was 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest of $2.7 million to the date of redemption. Accelerated deferred financing charges in connection with the redemption of $0.6 million were recorded in the second quarter of 2010.
As indicated elsewhere, the Company paid a quarterly dividend on its Common Stock at an annual rate of $1.00 per share for 2011 and announced on February 21, 2012 an increase in the annual rate to $1.08 for 2012. That policy may change and is subject to numerous conditions and variables. See the section entitled “Dividends” in Item 5 of this Form 10-K.
The Company’s available financial resources allow for the continuation of dividend payments, pursuit of several “bolt-on” acquisition projects and further geographic expansion initiatives. We further believe that on-hand cash combined with cash generated from operations, including our Mexican operations, and availability under our revolving line of credit, will be sufficient to meet our obligations such as debt service, tax payments, capital expenditures and working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. We expect to fund all these obligations through our existing cash and our future operating cash flows. However, future operating performance for the Company is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and various other factors that are uncertain. If the cash flows and other capital resources available to the Company, such as its revolving loan facility, are insufficient to fund our debt and other liquidity needs, the Company may have to take alternative actions that differ from current operating plans.
We are subject to Rhodia's ability to perform its obligations under our 2004 acquisition agreement, primarily to indemnify us against CNA Fresh Water Claims currently estimated at $17.5 million for the periods through 2002. Such indemnification rights have been confirmed by court judgments.
Since the CNA Fresh Water Claims were upheld for the periods through 2002, we have judged it probable that the CNA would seek to claim similar higher duties, fees and other charges for fresh water extraction and usage from 2005 on into the future (2003 and 2004 are believed to be beyond the statute of limitations). The Company revised their CNA liability estimates for the 2005 on into the future and adjusted the liability to $14.1 million (including estimated inflation, interest and penalties) and adjusted the deferred income tax asset to $3.5 million. Innophos recently settled with Rhodia and its affiliates all issues between them concerning indemnity claims for water fees by the CNA, certain port concession fees, and all other matters in related litigation filed by Innophos and pending between the companies in the New York courts since 2005. An additional $6.8 million benefit is anticipated to be recorded in the first quarter 2012 as a result of the settlement. Refer to Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
Separately, Innophos has reached agreement with the CNA and begun paying agreed sums disposing of the CNA claims for 2009 and 2010 for lesser amounts than previously accrued for these years. In January 2012, CNA issued resolutions seeking fees, interest and penalties for the periods 2005-2008 in amounts similar to those previously accrued by Innophos. 

Page 32 of 86




Innophos is working with CNA on reaching an agreement aimed at resolving those outstanding claims at acceptable terms to Innophos.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures were $34 million in 2011, just below the $35 to $40 million expected range and, as a result, the 2012 expectation is for higher expenditures of $40 to $45 million. Investment continues to be focused on debottlenecking U.S. & Canada and Mexico Specialty Ingredients facilities, expanding geographically including the investment in China, and enhancing Mexico's capability to process multiple grades of rock, consistent with the Company's supply chain diversification strategy.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table sets forth our long-term contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
Years ending December 31,
Contractual Obligations
 
Total
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
Thereafter
Term loan and revolver borrowings (1)
 
$
152,000

 
$
4,000

 
$
4,000

 
$
4,000

 
$
140,000

 
$

 
$

Future Service Pension Benefits
 
10,990

 
611

 
790

 
876

 
983

 
1,087

 
6,643

Other (2)
 
555,030

 
114,522

 
73,418

 
73,418

 
73,418

 
73,418

 
146,836

Operating Leases
 
16,433

 
5,104

 
4,296

 
2,888

 
2,041

 
671

 
1,433

Total contractual cash obligations
 
$
734,453

 
$
124,237

 
$
82,504

 
$
81,182

 
$
216,442

 
$
75,176

 
$
154,912

  ______________________
(1)
Amounts exclude interest payments.
(2)
Represents minimum annual purchase commitments to buy raw materials from suppliers.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to allowance for bad debts, the recoverability of long-lived assets, including amortizable intangible assets, goodwill, depreciation and amortization periods, income taxes and commitments and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Claims and Legal Proceedings
The categories of asserted or unasserted claims for which the Company has estimated a probable liability and for which amounts are estimable are critical accounting estimates. Please refer to the section entitled “Commitments and Contingencies” in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information about such estimates.
Deferred Taxes
Deferred taxes are accounted for by recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax

Page 33 of 86




consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.
Deferred tax assets are assessed for recoverability and a valuation allowance is considered necessary if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. We continue to analyze our current and future profitability and probability of the realization of our net deferred tax assets in future periods. Please refer to the section entitled “Income Taxes” (contained in Note 15) of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information regarding deferred taxes.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair value of net assets of the businesses acquired. Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other,” requires periodic tests of the impairment of goodwill. ASC 350 requires a comparison, at least annually, of the net book value of the assets and liabilities associated with a reporting unit, including goodwill, with the fair value of the reporting unit, which corresponds to the discounted cash flows of the reporting unit, in the absence of an active market. When this comparison indicates that impairment must be recorded, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of these assets. The annual goodwill impairment review is conducted during the fourth quarter of each year.
Fair values for goodwill testing are estimated using a discounted cash flow approach. Significant estimates in the discounted cash flow approach include the cash flow forecasts for each of our reporting units, the discount rate and the terminal value. The five year cash flow forecasts of the company’s reporting units is based upon management’s estimate at the date of the assessment, which incorporates managements long-term view of selling prices, sales volumes for Innophos’ products, key raw materials and energy costs, and our operating cost structure. The aggregated fair value of our reporting units was reconciled to our market capitalization at the date of the assessment, plus a suitable control premium. The terminal value was determined by applying business growth factors for each reporting unit which are in-line with longer term historical growth rates, to the latest year for which a forecast exists.
Our market capitalization during fourth quarter of 2011 exceeded the book value of our equity.
Our reporting units for goodwill purposes are Specialty Phosphates United States, Specialty Phosphates Canada, Specialty Phosphates Mexico and GTSP & Other. As of December 31, 2011, the fair values of our reporting units were substantially greater than their carrying values.
Long-lived assets
Under ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” long-lived assets including property, plant and equipment and amortized intangible assets are evaluated and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. When this comparison indicates that impairment must be recorded, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.
The determination of whether or not assets are impaired and the corresponding useful lives of these long-lived assets requires significant judgment. The development of future cash flow projections requires management estimates related to forecasted sales and expected costs trends. To the extent that changes in business conditions occur or other management decisions are made that result in adjusted management projections or alternative use of the assets, impairment losses or accelerated depreciation may occur in future periods.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Our compensation programs can include share-based payments. The primary share-based awards and their general terms and conditions currently in effect are as follows:
Stock options, which entitle the holder to purchase, after the end of a vesting term, a specified number of shares of Innophos common stock at an exercise price per share set equal to the market price of Innophos common stock on the date of grant.
Restricted stock grants, which entitle the holder to receive, at the end of each vesting term, a specified number of shares of Innophos common stock, and which also entitle the holder to receive dividends paid on such grants throughout the vesting period.

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Performance share awards which entitle the holder to receive, at the end of a vesting term, a number of shares of Innophos common stock, within a range of shares from zero to a specified maximum, calculated using a multi-year future average return on performance parameters selected in advance as defined solely by reference to the Company’s own activities. Amounts equivalent to dividends will accrue over the performance period and are paid on performance share awards when vested and distributed.
Annual stock retainer grants, which entitle independent members of the Board of Directors to receive a number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to a fixed retainer value.
The fair value of the options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model were as follows:
 
Non-qualified stock options
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2011
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2010
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2009
Expected volatility
 
54.4
%
 
57.5
%
 
61.4
%
Dividend yield
 
2.3
%
 
3.6
%
 
5.0
%
Risk-free interest rate
 
2.3
%
 
2.8
%
 
2.7
%
Expected term
 
6 years

 
6 years

 
6 years

Weighted average grant date fair value of stock options
 
$
17.14

 
$
10.46

 
$
6.19


Since Innophos Holdings, Inc. was a newly public entity and has limited historical data on the price of its publicly traded shares, the expected volatility for the valuation of its stock options prior to 2009 was based on peer group historical volatility data equaling the expected term. Since 2009, the Company had chosen a blended volatility which consists of 50% historical volatility average of a peer group and 50% historical volatility average of Innophos. The expected term for the stock options is based on the simplified method since the Company has limited data on the exercises of its stock options. These stock options qualify as “plain vanilla” stock options in accordance with SAB 110. The dividend yield is the expected annual dividend payments divided by the average stock price up to the date of grant. The risk-free interest rates are derived from the U.S. Treasury securities in effect on the date of grant whose maturity period equals the options expected term. The Company applies an expected forfeiture rate to stock-based compensation expense. The estimate of the forfeiture rate is based primarily upon historical experience of employee turnover. As actual forfeitures become known, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly.
Pension and Post-Retirement Costs / Post-Employment Plan
The Company maintains both noncontributory defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution plans that together cover all U.S. and Canadian employees.
In the United States, salaried and hourly employees are covered by a defined contribution plan with a 401(k) feature. The plan provides for employee contributions, company matching contributions, and an age-weighted annual company contribution to eligible employees. Union-represented hourly employees at our Nashville site are covered by a traditional defined benefit plan providing benefits based on years of service and final average pay whose benefit accruals were frozen as of August 1, 2007, after which the Nashville union employees began participating in the Company’s existing non contributory defined contribution benefit plan. All plans were established by Innophos in 2004.
In Canada, salaried employees are covered by defined contribution plans which provide for company contributions as a percent of pay, employee contributions, and company matching contributions. Union-represented hourly employees are covered by a defined benefit plan providing benefits based on a negotiated benefit level and years of service.
Our pension and postretirement benefit costs are developed from actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations are key assumptions, including the discount rate and the expected long-term rate on plan assets. These assumptions require significant judgment and material changes in our pension and postretirement benefit costs may occur in the future due to changes in these assumptions, changes in levels of benefits provided, and changes in asset levels. Such assumptions are based on benchmarks obtained from third party sources.
As a sensitivity measure, the effect of a 25 basis-point decrease in our discount rate assumption would increase our net periodic benefit cost for our pension and post-retirement plans by approximately $77. A 1% decrease in our expected rate of return on plan assets would increase our pension plan expense by $158.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards

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New accounting standards effective in 2011 are described in the Recent Accounting Pronouncements section in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”.
 
ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to certain market risks as part of our ongoing business operations. Primary exposures include changes in interest rates, as borrowings under our Loan Agreement will bear interest at floating rates based on LIBOR plus an applicable borrowing margin. We manage our interest rate risk by balancing the amount of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt to
the extent practicable consistent with our credit status. For fixed-rate debt, interest rate changes do not affect earnings or cash flows. Conversely, for floating-rate debt, interest rate changes generally affect our earnings and cash flows, assuming other factors are held constant.
At December 31, 2011, we had $95.0 million principal amount of variable-rate debt and a $125.0 million revolving credit facility, of which $57.0 million was outstanding, both of which approximate fair value. Total remaining availability was $66.7 million, taking into account $1.3 million in face amount of letters of credit issued under the sub-facility. In the third quarter of 2010 we entered into an interest rate swap with an original notional amount of $100 million adjusting quarterly consistent with the Term Loan, with a fixed rate of 1.994% plus the applicable margin on the debt, expiring in August 2015. The Company has the right to cancel the swap with no fee on September 28, 2012 and anytime thereafter.
Changes in economic conditions could result in higher interest rates, thereby increasing our interest expense on our revolving line of credit. Changes in economic conditions may also result in lower operating income, reducing our funds available for capital investment, operations or other purposes. In addition, a substantial portion of our cash flow has been used to service debt and fund working capital needs, which may affect our ability to make future acquisitions or capital expenditures. We may from time to time use interest rate protection agreements to minimize our exposure to interest rate fluctuation. Regardless of hedges, we may experience economic loss and a negative impact on earnings or net assets as a result of interest rate fluctuations.
From time to time, we will enter into longer term natural gas and electricity supply contracts in an effort to eliminate some of the volatility in our energy costs. We did enter into a financial hedge for approximately 75% of our 2012 U.S. & Canada natural gas requirements.
We do not currently, but may from time to time, hedge our currency rate risks.
We believe that our concentration of credit risk related to trade accounts receivable is limited since these receivables are spread among a number of customers and are geographically dispersed. No customer accounted for more than 10% of our sales in the last 3 years.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
The U.S. Dollar is the functional currency of the Canadian and Mexican operations. Accordingly, these operations’ monetary assets and liabilities are translated at current exchange rates, non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates and at historical exchange rates for the related revenue and expenses of non-monetary assets and liabilities. All transaction gains and losses are included in net income.
Our principal source of exchange rate exposure in our foreign operations consists of expenses, such as labor expenses, which are denominated in the foreign currency of the country in which we operate. A decline in the value of the U.S. Dollar relative to the local currency would generally cause our operational expenses (particularly labor costs) to increase (conversely, a decline in the value of the foreign currency relative to the U.S. Dollar would cause these expenses to decrease). We believe that normal exchange rate fluctuations consistent with recent historical trends would have a modest impact on our expenses, and would not materially affect our financial condition or results of operations. Nearly all of our sales are denominated in U.S. Dollars and our exchange rate exposure in terms of sales revenues is minimal.
Inflation and changing prices
Our costs and expenses will be subject to inflation and price fluctuations. Significant price fluctuations in raw materials, freight, and energy costs, if not compensated for by cost savings from production efficiencies or price increases passed on to customers could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on raw materials availability and pricing.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Page 36 of 86




We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as “structured finance or special purpose entities”, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.


Page 37 of 86




ITEM 8.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 

Page 38 of 86




Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Innophos Holdings, Inc:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Innophos Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(b) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
As described in Management's Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting, management has excluded KI Acquisition Corporation and Kelatron Corporation from its assessment of internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, the year of the acquisition due to the close proximity of the acquisition date to the date of management's assertion of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. We have also excluded KI Acquisition Corporation and Kelatron Corporation from our audit of internal controls over financial reporting. KI Acquisition Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary whose total assets and total net sales represent 3.7% and 0.3%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011.

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Florham Park, New Jersey
February 29, 2012
INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, share amounts or where otherwise noted)
 
 
December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
35,242

 
$
63,706

Accounts receivable, net
104,421

 
74,691

Inventories
169,728

 
123,182

Other current assets
75,316

 
75,898

Total current assets
384,707

 
337,477

Property, plant and equipment, net
187,421

 
191,948

Goodwill
61,587

 
51,706

Intangibles and other assets, net
53,300

 
45,759

Total assets
$
687,015

 
$
626,890

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
4,000

 
$
4,000

Accounts payable, trade and other
32,640

 
38,095

Other current liabilities
71,609

 
84,239

Total current liabilities
108,249

 
126,334

Long-term debt
148,000

 
145,000

Other long-term liabilities
37,558

 
24,840

Total liabilities
$
293,807

 
$
296,174

Commitments and contingencies (note 16)

 

Common stock, par value $.001 per share; authorized 100,000,000; issued 21,770,641 and 21,463,934; outstanding 21,620,119 and 21,463,934 shares
22

 
21

Paid-in capital
112,193

 
106,032

Common stock held in treasury, at cost (150,522 and 0 shares)
(6,156
)
 

Retained earnings
292,144

 
227,752

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(4,995
)
 
(3,089
)
Total stockholders' equity
393,208

 
330,716

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
687,015

 
$
626,890


See notes to consolidated financial statements
INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, share amounts or where otherwise noted)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Net sales
$
810,487

 
$
714,231

 
$
666,759

Cost of goods sold
605,172

 
556,826

 
470,780

Gross profit
205,315

 
157,405

 
195,979

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
65,380

 
59,564

 
67,151

Research & development expenses
2,923

 
2,405

 
1,938

Total operating expenses
68,303

 
61,969

 
69,089

Operating income
137,012

 
95,436

 
126,890

Interest expense, net
5,726

 
28,289

 
23,313

Foreign exchange losses (gains)
875

 
659

 
(769
)
Other income, net

 

 

Income before income taxes
130,411

 
66,488

 
104,346

Provision for income taxes
43,889

 
21,333

 
41,202

Net income
$
86,522

 
45,155

 
63,144

Net income attributable to common shareholders
$
86,522

 
$
45,141

 
$
63,141

Per share data (see Note 12):
 
 
 
 
 
Income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
3.99

 
$
2.11

 
$
2.97

Diluted
$
3.83

 
$
2.02

 
$
2.87

Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
21,694,453

 
21,421,226

 
21,258,536

Diluted
22,578,567

 
22,359,447

 
21,968,904

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
Change in interest rate swaps, (net of tax $448, ($136) and $0)
$
(732
)
 
$
223

 
$

Change in pension and post-retirement plans, (net of tax $388, $140 and $109)
(1,174
)
 
(1,062
)
 
(226
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
$
(1,906
)
 
$
(839
)
 
$
(226
)
Comprehensive income
$
84,616

 
$
44,316

 
$
62,918


See notes to consolidated financial statements
INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(Dollars and shares in thousands)
 
Number of
Common
Shares
 
Common
Stock
 
Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
Balance December 31, 2008
21,091

 
$
21

 
$
149,192

 
$
95,571

 
$
(2,024
)
 
$
242,760

Net income
 
 
 
 
63,144

 
 
 
 
 
63,144

Other comprehensive loss, (net of tax $109)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(226
)
 
(226
)
Proceeds from stock award exercises and issuances
224

 
 
 
 
 
633

 
 
 
633

Issuance of annual retainer stock to external Board of Directors
19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,367

 
 
 
3,367

Excess tax benefits from exercise of stock options
 
 
 
 
 
 
495

 
 
 
495

Dividends declared
 
 
 
 
(14,795
)
 
 
 
 
 
(14,795
)
Balance, December 31, 2009
21,334

 
$
21

 
$
197,541

 
$
100,066

 
$
(2,250
)
 
$
295,378

Net income
 
 
 
 
45,155

 
 
 
 
 
45,155

Other comprehensive loss, (net of tax $4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(839
)
 
(839
)
Proceeds from stock award exercises and issuances
119

 
 
 
 
 
236

 
 
 
236

Issuance of annual retainer stock to external Board of Directors
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,090

 
 
 
5,090

Excess tax benefits from exercise of stock options
 
 
 
 
 
 
640

 
 
 
640

Dividends declared
 
 
 
 
(14,944
)
 
 
 
 
 
(14,944
)
Balance, December 31, 2010
21,464

 
$
21

 
$
227,752

 
$
106,032

 
$
(3,089
)
 
$
330,716

Net income
 
 
 
 
86,522

 
 
 
 
 
86,522

Other comprehensive loss, (net of tax $836)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,906
)
 
(1,906
)
Proceeds from stock award exercises and issuances
300

 
1

 
 
 
(2,600
)
 
 
 
(2,599
)
Issuance of annual retainer stock to external Board of Directors
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,250

 
 
 
6,250

Excess tax benefits from exercise of stock options
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,511

 
 
 
2,511

Common stock repurchases
(151
)
 
 
 
 
 
(6,156
)
 
 
 
(6,156
)
Dividends declared
 
 
 
 
(22,130
)
 
 
 
 
 
(22,130
)
Balance, December 31, 2011
21,620

 
$
22

 
$
292,144

 
$
106,037

 
$
(4,995
)
 
$
393,208


See notes to consolidated financial statements
INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
86,522

 
$
45,155

 
$
63,144

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
43,676

 
49,471

 
51,186

Amortization of deferred financing charges
608

 
7,150

 
3,130

Deferred income tax provision (benefit)
5,379

 
(6,680
)
 
1,867

Deferred profit sharing
(286
)
 
(2,064
)
 
(756
)
Share-based compensation
6,250

 
5,090

 
3,367

Gain on retirement of bonds

 

 
(3,500
)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

 
1,749

 
(1,749
)
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
(28,154
)
 
(18,346
)
 
23,196

(Increase) decrease in inventories
(45,021
)
 
(9,546
)
 
31,674

Decrease (increase) in other current assets
3,238

 
(34,270
)
 
(6,433
)
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable
(5,939
)
 
16,716

 
(4,980
)
(Decrease) increase in other current liabilities
(14,685
)
 
24,522

 
15,172

Changes in other long-term assets and liabilities
(5,242
)
 
(2,989
)
 
(1,218
)
Net cash provided from operating activities
46,346

 
75,958

 
174,100

Cash flows used for investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(34,195
)
 
(31,192
)
 
(19,609
)
Investment in Kelatron
(20,533
)
 

 

Net cash used for investing activities
(54,728
)
 
(31,192
)
 
(19,609
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
484

 
236

 
633

Long-term debt borrowings
22,000

 
170,000

 

Long-term debt repayments
(19,000
)
 
(267,000
)
 
(133,000
)
Deferred financing costs

 
(2,828
)
 
(1,050
)
Excess tax benefits from exercise of stock options
2,511

 
640

 
495

Common stock repurchases
(6,156
)
 

 

Dividends paid
(19,921
)
 
(14,559
)
 
(14,446
)
Net cash used for financing activities
(20,082
)
 
(113,511
)
 
(147,368
)
Net change in cash
(28,464
)
 
(68,745
)
 
7,123

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
63,706

 
132,451

 
125,328

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
35,242

 
$
63,706

 
$
132,451


See notes to consolidated financial statements

Page 39 of 86




INNOPHOS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, share amounts or where otherwise noted)

1. Basis of Statement Presentation:
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Fiscal Year
Our fiscal year end is December 31.
Description of Business and Principles of Consolidation
Innophos is a leading international producer of mineral based performance-critical specialty ingredients with applications in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, oral care and industrial end markets. Innophos combines more than a century of experience in specialty phosphate manufacture with a growing capability in a broad range of other mineral ingredients, to supply a product range produced to the highest standards of quality and consistency demanded by customers worldwide. Many of Innophos' products are application-specific compounds engineered to meet customer performance requirements and are often critical to the taste, texture and performance of foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, oral care products and other applications. For example, Innophos products act as flavor enhancers in beverages, electrolytes in sports drinks, texture additives in cheeses, leavening agents in baked goods, pharmaceutical excipients, cleaning agents in toothpaste and provide a wide range of mineral fortification solutions for food, beverage and nutritional supplement manufacturers.
On October 31, 2011, Innophos acquired 100% of the stock of Kelatron's holding company, KI Acquisition, Inc., for a purchase price of approximately $21 million, subject to specified adjustments. Founded in 1975 and based in Ogden, Utah , Kelatron is a leading producer of technically advanced chelated mineral ingredients, with a high quality base of customers in the supplement and sports nutrition markets. Chelation improves bioavailability - the digestive system's ability to absorb these essential minerals. Kelatron products deliver a wide range of minerals that are essential in small quantities to a balanced diet (micronutrients) and are highly complementary to the macronutrients of calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus currently manufactured by Innophos. The acquisition is expected to significantly strengthen Innophos' offering to its food, beverage and dietary supplement customers.
Innophos Holdings, Inc. is the parent of Innophos Investments Holdings, Inc., which owns 100% of Innophos, Inc; all are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. All intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Certain prior year balances have been restated to conform to current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires the use of judgments and estimates made by management. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of the more significant estimates pertaining to the Company include accruals for contingencies, distributor incentives and rebates, the valuation of inventories, the allowance for doubtful accounts, income tax valuation allowances, the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill analysis and cash flows and assumptions used in the recognition and measurement of assets acquired in business combinations. Management routinely reviews its estimates and assumptions utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, and historical experience.
Cash Equivalents
All highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable and Allowances for Doubtful Accounts
Trade accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount and does not bear interest. The collectability of accounts receivable is evaluated based on a combination of factors. Allowances for doubtful accounts are recorded based on the length of time the receivables are past due and historical experience. In circumstances when it is probable that a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations, an allowance is recorded against amounts due to reduce the receivable to the amount that is reasonably expected to be collected.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on the basis of the first-in, first-out method. These costs include raw materials, direct labor, manufacturing overhead and depreciation. Spare parts are included in inventory and are initially recorded at cost.
Inventories, including spare parts, are evaluated for excess quantities, obsolescence or shelf-life expiration. This evaluation includes an analysis of historical sales levels by product and projections of future demand. To the extent management determines there are excess, obsolete or expired inventory quantities, valuation reserves are recorded against all or a portion of the value of the related products with the appropriate charge to cost of goods sold.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of all property, plant and equipment retired or otherwise disposed of are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in net income. Interest is capitalized in connection with the construction of major renewals and improvements. Capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it relates and is amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, ranging from ten to forty years for buildings and improvements, three to twenty years for machinery and equipment, and three to seven years for capitalized software. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvement, whichever is less.
External direct costs in developing or obtaining internal use computer software and payroll, and payroll-related costs for employees dedicated solely to the project, to the extent of the time spent directly on the project and which they meet the requirements of ASC 350-40, are capitalized.
Long-Lived Assets
Under ASC 360,” Property, Plant, and Equipment,” long-lived assets including property, plant and equipment and amortized intangible assets are evaluated and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. When this comparison indicates that impairment must be recorded, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.
The determination of whether or not assets are impaired and the corresponding useful lives of these long-lived assets requires significant judgment. The development of future cash flow projections requires management estimates related to forecasted sales and expected costs trends. To the extent that changes in business conditions occur or other management decisions are made that result in adjusted management projections or alternative use of the assets, impairment losses or accelerated depreciation may occur in future periods.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair value of net assets of the businesses acquired. ASC 350, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other,” requires periodic tests of the impairment of goodwill. ASC 350 requires a comparison, at least annually, of the net book value of the assets and liabilities associated with a reporting unit, including goodwill, with the fair value of the reporting unit, which corresponds to the discounted cash flows of the reporting unit, in the absence of an active market. When this comparison indicates that impairment must be recorded, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of these assets. The annual goodwill impairment review is conducted during the fourth quarter of each year.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets, which consist of developed technology, customer relationships, tradenames, a non-compete agreement, patents, licenses and software, are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives which can be up to twenty years.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues from sales of products are recognized when delivery has occurred and title and risk of loss passes to the customer. In the United States and Canada, the Company records estimated reductions to revenue for distributor incentives and customer incentives such as rebates, at the time of the initial sale. Distributor and customer incentives in Mexico are immaterial to the financial statements. The estimated reductions are based on the sales terms, historical experience and trend analysis. Accruals for distribut