10-K 1 f10k_123111-0375.htm FORM 10-K f10k_123111-0375.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011
- OR -
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________________________________ to _______________________________

Commission File Number: 000-52000

ROMA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

United States
 
51-0533946
(State or other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

2300 Route 33, Robbinsville, New Jersey
   
08691
 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
   
(Zip Code)
 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (609) 223-8300

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
 
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.10 par value
 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. o YES  x   NO
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. o YES    x   NO
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  x YES   o   NO
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  x YES   o NO
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,  a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”,  “ accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
 
 
Large accelerated filer o
 
Accelerated filer x
 
Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  o YES   x   NO
 
As of February 29, 2012 there were 30,320,927 shares of common stock outstanding.
 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant on June 30, 2011 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $103.2 million.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. (Part III)



 
 

 
PART I

Forward-Looking Statements

Roma Financial Corporation (the “Company” or “Registrant”) may from time to time make written or oral “forward-looking statements,” including statements contained in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (including this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the exhibits thereto), in its reports to stockholders and in other communications by the Company, which are made in good faith by the Company pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of the Company’s plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions that are subject to change based on various important factors (some of which are beyond the Company’s control). The following factors, among others, could cause the Company’s financial performance to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements: The strength of the United States economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which the Company conducts operations; the effects of, and changes in, trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, inflation, interest rate, market and monetary fluctuations; market volatility; the timely development of and acceptance of new products and services of the Company and the perceived overall value of these products and services by users, including the features, pricing and quality compared to competitors’ products and services; the willingness of users to substitute competitors’ products and services for the Company’s products and services; the success of the Company in gaining regulatory approval of its products and services, when required; the impact of changes in financial services’ laws and regulations (including laws concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance); technological changes, acquisitions; changes in consumer spending and saving habits; and the success of the Company at managing the risks involved in the foregoing.

The Company cautions that the foregoing list of important factors is not exclusive. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time by or on behalf of the Company.

Item 1. Business

General

The Company is a federally-chartered corporation organized in January 2005 for the purpose of acquiring all of the capital stock that Roma Bank issued in its mutual holding company reorganization. Roma Financial Corporation’s principal executive offices are located at 2300 Route 33, Robbinsville, New Jersey 08691 and its telephone number at that address is (609) 223-8300.

Roma Financial Corporation, MHC is a federally-chartered mutual holding company that was formed in January 2005 in connection with the mutual holding company reorganization. Roma Financial Corporation, MHC has not engaged in any significant business since its formation. So long as Roma Financial Corporation MHC is in existence, it will at all times own a majority of the outstanding stock of the Company.  The MHC and the Company are now regulated as savings and loan holding companies by the Board of Governors of the Federal Researve Bank (“Federal Reserve”) as successors to the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”) under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”).

 
1

 
Roma Bank is a federally-chartered stock savings bank. It was originally founded in 1920 and received its federal charter in 1991. Roma Bank’s deposits are federally insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund as administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Roma Bank is regulated by the Office of the Controller of the Currency (“OCC”) as successor to the OTS.

RomAsia Bank is a federally-chartered stock savings bank. It received all regulatory approvals and began operation on June 23, 2008. RomAsia Bank is regulated by the OCC as successor to the OTS. Roma Bank and RomAsia Bank are collectively referred to herein as (the “Banks”).

The Banks offer traditional retail banking services, one-to four-family residential mortgage loans, multi-family and commercial mortgage loans, construction loans, commercial business loans and consumer loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit. Roma Bank operates from its main office in Robbinsville, New Jersey, and twenty-three branch offices located in Mercer, Burlington,  Camden and Ocean Counties, New Jersey. RomAsia Bank operates from two branches located in Monmouth Junction and Edison, New Jersey. As of December 31, 2011, the Banks, and their subsidiaries, had 302 full-time employees and 64 part-time employees. Roma Bank maintains a website at www.romabank.com. RomAsia Bank maintains a website at www.romasiabank.com.

Roma Financial Corporation conducted a minority stock offering during 2006 in which 30% of its outstanding stock was sold to the public in a subscription offering. The offering closed July 11, 2006 and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $96.1 million (gross proceeds of $98.2 million for the issuance of 9,819,562 shares, less offering costs of approximately $2.1 million). The Company also issued 22,584,995 shares to Roma Financial Corporation, MHC and 327,318 shares to the Roma Bank Community Foundation, Inc., resulting in a total of 32,731,875 shares issued and outstanding after the completion of the offering. A portion of the proceeds were loaned to the Roma Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) to purchase 811,750 shares of the Company’s stock at a cost of $8.1 million.

On July 16, 2010, the Company completed its acquisition of Sterling Banks, Inc., the holding company for Sterling Bank.  The consideration paid in the transaction to stockholders of Sterling Banks, Inc. consisted of $2.52 per share or $14,725,000 in cash.

Throughout this document, references to “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to the Banks or Company, or both, as the context indicates.

Competition

We operate in a market area with a high concentration of banking and financial institutions, and we face substantial competition in attracting deposits and in originating loans. A number of our competitors are significantly larger institutions with greater financial and managerial resources and lending limits. Our ability to compete successfully is a significant factor affecting our growth potential and profitability.

Our competition for deposits and loans historically has come from other insured financial institutions such as local and regional commercial banks, savings institutions, de novo banks, and credit unions located in our primary market area. We also compete with mortgage banking and finance companies for real estate loans and with commercial banks and savings institutions for consumer and commercial loans, and we face competition for funds from investment products such as mutual funds, short-term money funds and corporate and government securities. There are large competitors operating throughout our total market area, and we also face strong competition from other community-based financial institutions. Approximately ten other institutions operate in the Banks’ market area, with asset sizes ranging from $150 million to $50+ billion.  As of June 30, 2011, Roma was fourth in market share in Mercer County and sixth in Burlington County.
 

 
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Lending Activities

Analysis of Loan Portfolio

We have traditionally focused on the origination of one- to four-family loans, which comprise approximately 40.2%  of the total loan portfolio. We also provide financing for commercial real estate, including multi-family dwellings, service/retail and mixed-use properties, churches and non-profit properties, and other commercial real estate. After real estate mortgage lending, consumer lending is our next largest category of lending and is primarily composed of home equity loans and lines of credit. We also originate construction loans for individual single-family residences and commercial loans to businesses and non-profit organizations, generally secured by real estate.

 
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Loan Portfolio Composition. The following table analyzes the composition of our loan portfolio by loan category at the dates indicated. Except as set forth below, there were no concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans.
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Type of Loans:
                                                           
                                                             
Real estate mortgage -
one-to-four family
  $ 394,206       40.24 %   $ 358,503       39.41 %   $ 251,937       42.21 %   $ 230,956       43.63 %   $ 219,900       46.52 %
Real estate mortgage -
multi-family and commercial
    292,646       29.87       273,177       30.03       172,334       28.87       128,990       24.37       80,537       17.04  
Commercial business
    39,184       4.00       36,125       3.97       12,302       2.06       5,762       1.09       3,918       0.83  
Consumer:
                                                                               
  Home equity and second mortgage
    217,472       22.20       202,926       22.31       133,199       22.32       133,855       25.28       130,085       27.52  
  Other
    1,381       0.14       1,760       0.19       1,024       0.16       943       0.17       1,127       0.24  
  Total consumer loans
    218,853       22.33       204,686       22.50       134,223       22.48       134,798       25.45       131,212       27.76  
Construction
    34,851       3.56       37,197       4.09       26,162       4.38       28,899       5.46       37,119       7.85  
  Total loans
    979,740       100.00 %     909,688       100.00 %     596,958       100.00 %     529,405       100.00 %     472,686       100.00 %
Less:
                                                                               
Construction loans in process
    10,796               5,339               5,524               6,543               12,037          
Allowance for loan losses
    5,416               9,844               5,243               2,223               1,602          
Deferred loan (costs) and fees, net
    1,139               663               432               233               174          
      17,351               15,846               11,199               8,999               13,813          
  Loans receivable, net
  $ 962,389             $ 893,842             $ 585,759             $ 520,406             $ 458,873          
 
 
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Loan Maturity Schedule. The following tables set forth the maturity of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2011. Demand loans, loans having no stated maturity, and overdrafts are shown as due in one year or less. Loans are stated in the following tables at contractual maturity and actual maturities could differ due to prepayments.

   
Real estate
mortgage-
One-to-four
family
   
Real estate
mortgage -
Multi-family
and commercial
   
Commercial
Business
   
Home equity
and second
mortgage loans
   
Other
   
Construction
   
Total
 
      (In thousands)  
Amounts Due:
                                         
Within 1 Year
  $ 5,387     $ 34,657     $ 14,573     $ 328     $ 1,149     $ 34,851     $ 90,945  
   After 1 year:
                                                       
1 to 3 years
    2,355       22,453       9,250       3,158       139             37,355  
3 to 5 years
    1,672       25,433       5,715       12,756       92             45,668  
5 to 10 years
    27,615       42,669       2,790       54,888       1             127,963  
10 to 15 years
    71,959       54,921       4,761       51,674                   183,315  
Over 15 years
    285,218       112,513       2,095       94,668                   494,494  
Total due after one year
    388,819       257,989       24,611       217,144       232             888,795  
                                                         
Total amount due
  $ 394,206     $ 292,646     $ 39,184     $ 217,472     $ 1,381     $ 34,851     $ 979,740  

 
 

 
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The following table sets forth the amount of all loans at December 31, 2011 that are due one year or more after December 31, 2011.
 
   
Fixed Rates
   
Floating or
Adjustable Rates
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
                   
Real estate mortgage - one-to-four family
  $ 361,116     $ 27,703     $ 388,819  
Real estate mortgage - multi-family and commercial
    44,377       213,612       257,989  
Commercial business
    9,322       15,289       24,611  
Construction
                 
Consumer:
                       
Home equity and second mortgage loans
    165,915       51,229       217,144  
Auto and other
    232             232  
Total
  $ 580,962     $ 307,833     $ 888,795  

Residential Mortgage Lending. Our primary lending activity consists of the origination of one- to four-family first mortgage loans. Fixed rate, conventional mortgage loans are offered by the Banks with repayments terms ranging from 10 years  to 40 years. One, three, five, seven and ten year adjustable rate mortgages, or ARMs, are offered with up to 30 year terms at rates based upon the one year U.S. Treasury Bill rate plus a margin. After the initial one, three, five, seven or ten year term, the Banks’ ARMs reset on an annual basis and, with the exception of the seven year ARM, have two percent annual increase caps and six percent lifetime adjustment caps. The seven year product has an initial first adjustment cap of five percent (two percent thereafter) and a lifetime adjustment cap of six percent. There are no floors on the rate adjustments.

The Banks offer applicants the opportunity to “buy-down” mortgage loan interest rates by remitting one to three discount points for conventional loans and one point for ARMs. Borrowers may also accelerate the repayment of their loans by taking advantage of a bi-weekly payment program.

Substantially all residential mortgages include “due on sale” clauses, which are provisions giving the Banks the right to declare a loan immediately payable if the borrower sells or otherwise transfers an interest in the property to a third party. Property appraisals on real estate securing one- to four-family residential loans are made by state certified or licensed independent appraisers and are performed in accordance with applicable regulations and policies. The Banks require title insurance policies on all first mortgage real estate loans originated. Homeowners, liability, fire and, if applicable, flood insurance policies are also required.

One- to four-family first mortgage loans in excess of 80% loan-to-value for single family or detached residences and 75% on condominium units typically require private mortgage insurance. The Banks will originate residential mortgage loans up to a maximum of 95% loan-to-value. Underwriting guidelines prescribe a maximum debt-to-income ratio of forty percent; however the Banks may approve loans with higher debt ratios with the requirement for a risk premium of twenty-five to fifty basis points above the prevailing rate.

All of the Banks’ residential mortgage loan products are available to finance any owner occupied, primary or secondary (e.g., vacation homes), one- to four-family residential dwelling. Loans for non-owner occupied one- to four-family residences are originated in accordance with the Banks’ commercial real estate lending policies as investment properties and are included under the commercial real estate category in the loan tables set forth herein.


 
6

 
We do not offer interest-only loan products because of our concern about the credit risks associated with these products. The Banks have never been involved in any type of subprime lending.

Consumer Lending. The Banks offer fixed rate home equity loans and variable rate, revolving home equity lines of credit, each with a $10 thousand minimum and a $500 thousand maximum loan amount. Loan requests in excess of $500 thousand are considered on a case-by-case basis. There are no fees, points or closing costs associated with the application or closing of an equity loan or line of credit. All equity financing is secured by owner occupied, primary or secondary, one- to four-family residential property. Underwriting standards establish a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 75% for single family or detached residences and 75% for condominium units. Home equity loan appraisals may be done by automated appraisal valuation models for loans with a 60% or less loan-to-value ratio.

Fixed rate home equity loans. Fixed rate home equity loans are offered with repayment terms up to twenty years and are incrementally priced at thresholds up to 60, 120, 180 and 240 months. Loan rates are reviewed weekly to ensure competitive market pricing. Underwriting guidelines prescribe a maximum debt-to-income ratio of forty percent; however the Banks may approve loans with higher debt ratios with the requirement for a risk premium of twenty-five to fifty basis points above the prevailing rate.

Variable rate, revolving home equity lines of credit. The Banks’ home equity lines of credit are generally among the most competitive in the market area. Lines of credit are priced at the highest published Wall Street Journal Prime Interest Rate minus one-half of one percent, adjusted monthly with a rate ceiling of eighteen percent. Repayment terms are based upon a twenty year amortization, requiring monthly payments equivalent to 1/240th of the outstanding principal balance (or $100, whichever is greater) plus accrued interest on the unpaid balance for the billing cycle.

If the account is paid-off and closed via cancellation of the mortgage lien, then an early termination fee of $300 is charged if closed during the first twelve billing cycles, or $200 if closed during the next twelve billing cycles. There is no termination fee after twenty-four billing cycles.

Account loans. The Banks grant loans to customers of the Banks collateralized by deposits in specific types of savings/time deposit accounts. Money market deposit passbook accounts are not eligible for account loans. A ninety percent advance rate is provided at pricing three percent above the interest rate paid on the collateral account.

Consumer lending is generally considered to involve a higher degree of credit risk than residential mortgage lending. All consumer loans are secured with either a first or second lien position on owner occupied real estate. Account loans are fully secured. Consumer loan repayment is dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and can be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy. The application of various federal laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on consumer loans in the event of a default.

Commercial Lending. Though Roma Bank has historically made loans to businesses and not-for-profit organizations, it formalized its commercial lending activities in 2003 with the establishment of a Commercial Loan Department. RomAsia Bank has offered commercial loan products since the time of opening.


 
7

 
 
The majority of commercial loans approved and funded are commercial real estate loans for acquisition or refinancing of commercial properties. The Banks also offer a full menu of non-mortgage commercial loan products, tailored to serve customer needs, as follows:

•      Lines of credit to finance short term working capital needs;
•      small business revolving lines of credit;
•      equipment acquisition lines of credit convertible to term financing;
•      short term time notes;
•      term financing to finance capital acquisitions; and
•      business vehicle financing.

We typically require personal guarantees on majority of commercial loans. Values are established by conforming real estate appraisals. The Banks’ guidelines for commercial real estate collateral are currently as follows:
 
Collateral
Maximum Loan-to-Value
Maximum Amortization
     
1-4 family residential (investment)
70%
25 years
     
Multi-family (5+ units)
70%
25 years
     
Commercial real estate (owner Occupied)
80%
25 years
     
Commercial real estate (non-owner Occupied)
70%
25 years
 
Current advance rates for other forms of collateral include the following:
 
Collateral
Maximum Loan-to-Value
   
Commercial equipment
60% - 70% of invoice
   
Owned equipment
50% - 60% depreciated book value
   
Accounts receivable
70% of eligible receivables
   
Inventory (including work-in-process)
50% of cost
   
Liquid collateral
publicly traded marketable securities, 70% U.S. Government securities, 90%
 
The pricing for fixed rate commercial real estate mortgage loans provides for rate adjustments after an initial term (generally five years), and at each anniversary thereafter, based on a margin plus the Banks’ Reference Rate which is published in the Wall Street Journal as the prime interest rate, the LIBOR rate, the 5 year Federal Home Loan Bank of New York rate (“FHLBNY”) or the Federal Reserve 5 year, H-15, constant maturity Treasury rate, as applicable.

The variable rate loans are indexed to various indices including Wall Street Journal Prime, the FHLB rate or LIBOR.

Unlike single-family residential mortgage loans, which generally are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment and other income, and which are

 
8

 

secured by real property the value of which tends to be more easily ascertainable, commercial loans typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial loans may be substantially dependent on the success of the business itself and the general economic environment. Commercial loans, therefore, have greater credit risk than residential mortgage or consumer loans. In addition, commercial loans generally result in larger balances to single borrowers, or related groups of borrowers, than one- to four-family loans. Commercial lending also generally requires substantially greater evaluation and oversight efforts.

Construction Lending. We originate construction loans for residential and commercial land acquisition and development, including loans to builders and developers to construct one- to four-family residences on undeveloped real estate, and retail, office, warehouse and industrial or other commercial space. Disbursements are made in accordance with an inspection report by an architect or, in the case of construction loans up to $500 thousand, an inspection report by an approved appraiser or Bank personnel. Our construction lending includes loans for construction or major renovations or improvements of borrower-occupied residences; however, the majority of this portfolio is commercial in nature.

The Banks’ guidelines for construction lending are currently as follows:
 
Collateral
Maximum Loan-to-Value
Maximum Amortization
     
Land
50% - unimproved
 
60% - with all municipal approvals
60% - improved
1 year, with two 6-month extensions
1 year, with two 6-month extensions
1 year, with two 6 -month extensions
     
Residential & commercial construction
70% (or 80% of cost)
1 year, with two 6-month extensions
 
Construction lending is generally considered to involve a higher degree of credit risk than residential mortgage lending. If the estimate of construction cost proves to be inaccurate, we may be compelled to advance additional funds to complete the construction with repayment dependent, in part, on the success of the ultimate project rather than the ability of a borrower or guarantor to repay the loan. If we are forced to foreclose on a project prior to completion, there is no assurance that we will be able to recover the entire unpaid portion of the loan. In addition, we may be required to fund additional amounts to complete a project and may have to hold the property for an indeterminate period of time.

Loans to One Borrower. Under federal law, savings institutions have, subject to certain exemptions, lending limits to one borrower in an amount equal to the greater of $500 thousand or 15% of the institution’s unimpaired capital and surplus. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2011, Roma Bank’s loans to one borrower legal limit were $26.4 million. However, Roma Bank has set an internal limit of $5.0 million for the origination of loans to one borrower. RomAsia Bank’s legal limit is $2.3 million with and internal limit of $1.5 million.

Roma Bank’s Commercial Loan Policy requires Board approval for loans in excess of $5.0 million. Prior to presentation to the Board, the loan request is underwritten in accordance with policy and presented to the Officers’ Commercial Loan Committee for its consideration and recommendation to the Board for approval. The Board’s determination to grant a credit in excess of the $5.0 million internal limit is based upon thorough underwriting which must clearly demonstrate repayment ability and collateral adequacy. Additionally, these loans are approved only if the loan can be originated on terms which suit the needs of the borrower without exposing the Banks to unacceptable credit risk and interest rate risk.
 

 
9

 
 
At December 31, 2011, Roma Bank’s largest single borrower had an aggregate loan balance of approximately $8.7 million, secured by commercial real estate. The second largest single borrower had an aggregate loan balance of approximately $7.9 million, secured by commercial real estate. The third largest borrower had in aggregate a loan of $7.3 million comprised of commercial real estate loans.  At December 31, 2011, the loans of these three borrowers were current and performing in accordance with the terms of their loan agreements.

Loan Originations, Purchases, Sales, Solicitation and Processing. The following table shows total loans originated, purchased, sold and repaid during the periods indicated.

   
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Loan originations and draws:
                 
Real estate mortgage - one-to-four family
  $ 118,774     $ 101,590     $ 90,954  
Real estate mortgage - multi-family and commercial
    65,540       31,962       32,747  
Commercial business
    10,251       25,279       853  
Construction
    3,986       5,244       10,445  
Consumer:
                       
Home equity loans and second mortgage
    71,567       59,100       29,554  
Passbook or certificate
    380       586       415  
Other
                 
Total loan originations
    270,498       223,761       164,968  
Loan purchases, loans acquired in merger
          272,313       11,100  
Loans sold (mortgage loans)
    24,492       20,343       9,130  
Loan principal repayments
    175,954       163,021       98,366  
Total loans sold and principal repayments
    200,446       183,364       107,496  
Increase (decrease) due to other items
                 
Net increase in loan portfolio
  $ 70,052     $ 312,710     $ 68,572  

Sources of loan applications include repeat customers, referrals from realtors and other professionals, commissioned home mortgage consultants and “walk-in” customers. Our residential loan originations are largely reputational and advertisement driven.

The Banks adhere to the residential mortgage underwriting standards of the Mortgage Partnership Finance Program of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, as well the standards of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. From time to time, the Banks’ sells thirty year fixed rate mortgages that qualify for sale in the secondary mortgage market in order to lessen its interest rate risk.

In November 2003, Roma Bank entered into an Agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York to sell residential mortgages as a participating institution in its Mortgage Partnership Finance Program. Roma Bank agreed to deliver loans under a $5.0 million Master Commitment which was subsequently increased in 2006 to $10.0 million, to $15.0 million in 2008, and to $25 million which was renewed in 2011.   Sales commenced in 2004 and, through December 31, 2011, $36.0 million in loans had been delivered to the MPF program. In addition to an origination premium, the Bank also realizes income  from credit enhancement fees and loan servicing income. During 2011,  Roma Bank sold $17.9 million of loans. During 2011, Roma Bank also sold $526 thousand of loans to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. RomAsia Bank also sold $788 thousand of residential mortgage loans in 2011.

 
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The Company did not purchase loans from any third parties in the year ended December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2011, the total outstanding balance of loan participations purchased was $10.6 million, representing participations in commercial construction loans with area banks and thrifts.

Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. Lending policies and loan approval limits are approved and adopted by the Boards of Directors. Loan committees have been established to administer lending activities as prescribed by lending policies. Two committee members may together approve non-commercial loans up to $500 thousand. A majority of members is required to approve non-commercial loans that contain credit policy exceptions, with the condition that the President, the Chairman, or Executive Vice President is one of the approving members. Non-commercial loans over $500 thousand require the approval of the Boards of Directors.

Commercial lending approval authority is as follows: up to $750 thousand, any two of the following: a commercial loan officer and either the senior vice president of lending, or the President or the Executive Vice President; over $750 thousand and up to $1.5 million, any two of the following: the Senior Vice President of Lending and the President or the Executive Vice President; over $1.5 million and up to $5.0 million, the loan committee; and over $5.0 million and up to 10% of the total assets of theRoma Banks, the Boards of Directors.

Asset Quality

Loan Delinquencies and Collection Procedures. The borrower is notified by both mail and telephone when a loan is thirty days past due. If the delinquency continues, subsequent efforts are made to contact the delinquent borrower and additional collection notices and letters are sent. When a loan is ninety days delinquent, it is our general practice to refer it to an attorney for collection, repossession or foreclosure action. All reasonable attempts are made to collect from borrowers prior to referral to an attorney for collection. In certain instances, we may modify the loan or grant a limited moratorium on loan payments to enable the borrower to reorganize his or her financial affairs, and we attempt to work with the borrower to establish a repayment schedule to cure the delinquency.

As to mortgage loans, if a foreclosure action is taken and the loan is not reinstated, paid in full or refinanced, the property is sold at judicial sale at which we may be the buyer if there are no adequate offers to satisfy the debt. Any property acquired as the result of foreclosure, or by deed in lieu of foreclosure, is classified as real estate owned until it is sold or otherwise disposed of. When real estate owned is acquired, it is recorded at the lower of the unpaid principal balance of the related loan or its fair market value less estimated selling costs. The initial write down of the property is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Adjustments to the carrying value of the property that result from subsequent declines in value are charged to operations in the periods in which the declines occur.

Loans are reviewed on a regular basis and are placed on non-accrual status when they are more than ninety days delinquent, with the exception of a passbook loan, the outstanding balance of which is collected from the related passbook account along with accrued interest and a penalty when the loan is 120 days delinquent. Loans may be placed on a non-accrual status at any time if, in the opinion of management, the collection of additional interest is doubtful. Interest accrued and unpaid at the time a loan is placed on non-accrual status is charged against interest income. Payments received in cash on nonaccrual loans, including both the principal and interest portions of those payments, are generally applied to reduce the carrying value of the loan for financial statement purposes.  At December 31, 2011, approximately $45.0 million of loans were on a non-accrual basis.

 
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Non-Performing Assets. The following table provides information regarding our non-performing loans.   As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, Roma Bank also had non-performing assets in the form of real estate owned of $3.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively. During the fourth quarter of 2011, Roma Bank charged off its specific allowance for loan losses against the related nonperforming loans. At December 31, 2011, the allowance for loan losses totaled $5.4 million, non-performing loans totaled $45.0 million, and the ratio of allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans was 12.04%. Management believes that the non-performing loans are well secured and that adequate impairments have been recognized to absorb any losses which may occur upon the ultimate resolution. The legacy Roma loan portfolio includes 61 non-performing loans totaling $23.4 million to 21 borrowers.  The portfolio includes $17.9 million in commercial real estate loans, $2.9 million in commercial construction loans, $0.5 million of commercial loans secured by other than real estate, and $5.6 million of residential mortgage and equity loans. The ratio of allowance for loan losses to legacy Roma non-performing loans was 23.1%.  Non-performing loans also includes $19.9 million of non-performing loans acquired from Sterling net of $4.0 million of credit marks.  The loans primarily consist of $10.0 million of residential construction loans, $1.5 million in commercial real estate loans, and $8.4 million of mortgage and equity secured by other than real estate.  RomAsia Bank has $1.6 million of non-performing loans.
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis:
                             
                               
Residential real estate and construction
  $ 21,933     $ 14,761     $ 1,173     $ 754     $ 406  
                                         
Home equity and second mortgage loans
    1,964       1,120       629       44        
                                         
Commercial, commercial real estate and const.
    21,080       24,529       12,987       9,510       6,483  
                                         
Total
    44,977       40,410       14,789       10,308       6,889  
                                         
Total non-performing loans
    44,977       40,410       14,789       10,308       6,889  
                                         
Real estate owned
    3,276       3,689       1,928       68        
                                         
Total non-performing assets
  $ 48,253     $ 44,099     $ 16,717     $ 10,376     $ 6,889  
                                         
Total non-performing loans to total loans
    4.59 %     4.44 %     2.48 %     1.98 %     1.46 %
                                         
Total non-performing loans to total assets
    2.38 %     2.22 %     1.13 %     0.96 %     0.76 %
                                         
Total non-performing assets to total assets
    2.56 %     2.42 %     1.27 %     0.96 %     0.76 %

During the year ended December 31, 2011, gross interest income of $2.2 million would have been recorded on loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis if those loans had been current, and $342 thousand of interest from cash payments on such loans was included in income for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Classified Assets. Management, complies with the OCC guidelines, has instituted an internal loan review program, whereby non-performing loans are classified as substandard, doubtful or loss. It is our policy to review the loan portfolio, in accordance with regulatory classification procedures, on at least a
 

 
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quarterly basis. When a loan is classified as substandard or doubtful, management is required to evaluate the loan for impairment. When management classifies a portion of a loan as loss, a reserve equal to 100% of the loss amount is required to be established or the loan is charged-off.

An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the paying capacity and net worth of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the Banks will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. Assets, or portions thereof, classified as “loss” are considered uncollectible and of so little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted. Assets which do not currently expose the Banks to a sufficient degree of risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but which have credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses are required to be designated “special mention” by management.

Management’s classification of assets is reviewed by the Boards on a regular basis and by the regulatory agencies as part of their examination process. An independent loan review firm performs periodic reviews of our commercial loan portfolios, including the verification of commercial loan risk ratings. Any disagreements in risk rating assessments require mutual consent as to the final risk rating.

The following table discloses the classification of assets and designation of certain loans as special mention as of the dates indicated. At each date, all of the classified assets and special mention designated assets were loans.
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(In thousands)
 
                   
Special Mention
  $ 18,653     $ 29,803     $ 11,042  
Substandard
    70,199       59,933       25,908  
Doubtful
                 
Loss
                 
Total
  $ 88,852     $ 89,736     $ 36,950  
 
At December 31, 2011, $41.8 million of the loans classified as “substandard” are also classified as non-performing assets. The substandard loans not categorized as non-performing are primarily secured by real estate and consist of $21.3 million of commercial loans and $7.1 million of residential and consumer loans. Total classified loans at December 31, 2011 and 2010, include of $39.9 million and $38.8 million, respectively, of loans acquired in the Sterling Bank merger.

Allowance for Loan Losses (“ALLL”). The allowance for loan losses is a valuation account that reflects our estimation of the losses in our loan portfolio to the extent they are both probable and reasonable to estimate. The allowance is established through provisions for loan losses that are charged to income in the period they are established. We charge losses on loans against the allowance for loan losses when we believe the collection of loan principal is unlikely. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are added back to the allowance.

 
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In order to comprehensively address periodic provisioning and the resultant ALLL, the Banks utilize a multidisciplinary approach which considers each of the following factors: historical realized losses in the credit portfolio; delinquency trends currently experienced in the current portfolio; internal risk rating system that assigns a risk factor, and therefore, a  reserve to every outstanding credit exposure; external independent assessment of the adequacy of the ALLL and the entire credit management function; and current and anticipated economic conditions that could affect borrowers’ ability to continually meet their contractual repayment obligations.

A loan evaluated for impairment is deemed to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All loans identified as impaired are evaluated independently. We do not aggregate such loans for evaluation purposes. Payments received on impaired loans are typically applied first to principal and then to principal and unpaid interest depending on collateral coverage, and if the loan is in non-accrual status.

We maintain a loan review system which provides for a systematic review of the loan portfolios and the early identification of potential impaired loans. The review of residential real estate and home equity consumer loans, as well as other more complex loans, is triggered by identified evaluation factors, including delinquency status, size of loan, type of collateral and the financial condition of the borrower.

Specific loan loss allowances were established for identified loans based on a review of such information and/or appraisals of the underlying collateral. General loan loss allowances are based upon a combination of factors including, but not limited to, actual loan loss experience, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and management’s judgment. During 2011, we increased our specific reserves, primarily in the commercial real estate area, as annual updated appraisals, had significant declining values. In the last quarter of 2011, $5.1 million of specific reserves were charged off against the respective impaired loans.  In recent years, our charge-offs have been low, with no charge offs in 2006, $59 thousand in 2007, $181 thousand in 2008, $278 thousand in 2009, $2.3 million in 2010, and $9.0 million in 2011. Therefore, our provisions for loan losses have been reflective of other factors, including economic conditions, annual growth of the total loan portfolio of 11%, 10%, 12%, 12.8%, and 6.8% in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively, exclusive of loans acquired in merger.

The estimation of the allowance for loan losses is inherently subjective as it requires estimates and assumptions that are susceptible to significant revisions as more information becomes available or as future events change. Future additions to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary if economic and other conditions in the future differ substantially from the current operating environment. In addition, the OCC, as an integral part of its examination process, periodically reviews our loan and foreclosed real estate portfolios and the related allowance for loan losses and valuation allowance for foreclosed real estate. The OCC may require the allowance for loan losses or the valuation allowance for foreclosed real estate to be increased based on its review of information available at the time of the examination, which would negatively affect our earnings.

Loans acquired in the merger are carried at fair value with no carryover of the related allowance for loan losses. Therefore, these acquired loans are not included in the allowance for loan loss calculation.  Impaired loans include $37.4 million of loans, net of credit marks of $10.2 million, which were acquired in the merger.  Loans totaling $8.7 million, net of credit marks of $5.1 million, which are performing, are also included in this total and are classified as impaired because at the effective time of the merger there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination, primarily collateral related.

 
14

 
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to our allowance for loan losses at the dates indicated.

   
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                               
Allowance balance (at beginning of period)
  $ 9,844     $ 5,243     $ 2,223     $ 1,602     $ 1,169  
Provision for loan losses
    4,491       6,855       3,280       787       492  
Charge-offs:
                                       
Commercial real estate
    (5,162 )     (2,254 )     (214 )            
Commercial construction
    (2,015 )                        
Commercial
    (1,292 )                        
Residential mortgage and equity
    (490 )                        
Passbook, certificate, overdraft
    (64 )           (64 )     ( 181 )     (59 )
Total charge-offs
    (9,023 )     (2,254 )     (278 )     (181 )     (59 )
Recoveries
    104             18       15        
Net (charge-offs) recoveries
    (8,919 )     (2,254 )     (260 )     (166 )     (59 )
Allowance balance (at end of period)
  $ 5,416     $ 9,844     $ 5,243     $ 2,223     $ 1,602  
                                         
Total loans outstanding
  $ 979,740     $ 909,688     $ 596,958     $ 529,405     $ 472,686  
Total  legacy Roma Bank loans outstanding
  $ 762,313     $ 620,426     $ 596,958     $ 529,405     $ 472,686  
Average loans outstanding
  $ 943,587     $ 744,946     $ 555,108     $ 482,557     $ 438,187  
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans outstanding
    0.55 %     1.08 %     0.88 %     0.42 %     0.34 %
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total legacy Roma loans outstanding
    0.71 %     1.59 %     0.88 %     0.42 %     0.34 %
Net loans charged off as a percent of average loans outstanding
    0.95 %     0.03 %     0.05 %     0.03 %     0.01 %
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans
    12.04 %     24.4 %     35.4 %     21.42 %     23.25 %
Allowance for loan losses to legacy Roma non-performing loans
    23.1 %     43.8 %     35.4 %     21.42 %     23.25 %



 
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Allocation of Allowance for Loan Losses. The following table sets forth the allocation of our allowance for loan losses by loan category based on the relative composition of loans in the portfolio and the percent of loans in each category to total loans at the dates indicated. The portion of the loan loss allowance allocated to each loan category does not represent the total available for future losses which may occur within the loan category since the entire loan loss allowance is a valuation reserve applicable to the aggregate loan portfolio. Non accretable fair market adjustments to acquired loans are not included.
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Loans
to Total
Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Loans
to Total
Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Loans
to Total
Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Loans
to Total
Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Loans
to Total
Loans
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  
At end of period allocated to:
                                                           
Real estate mortgage -
One-to-four family
  $ 1,705       40.24 %   $ 1,799       39.41 %   $ 312       42.21 %   $ 209       43.63 %   $ 231       46.52 %
Commercial real estate
    2,181       29.87       4,922       30.03       3,255       28.87       1,601       24.37       1,089       17.04  
Commercial business
    199       4.00       654       3.97       1,206       2.06       72       1.09       34       0.83  
Consumer:
                                                                               
Home equity and
other consumer loans
    663       22.34       372       22.31       156       22.32       119       25.28       137       27.52  
Passbook, certificate,
overdraft
                      0.19       7       0.16       14       0.17       6       0.24  
Auto
                                                           
Other
                                                           
Construction
    668       3.55       2,097       4.09       307       4.38       208       5.46       105       7.85  
Total allowance
  $ 5,416       100.00 %   $ 9,844       100.00 %   $ 5,243       100.00 %   $ 2,223       100.00 %   $ 1,602       100.00 %
 
 
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Securities Portfolio

General. Our deposits have traditionally exceeded our loan originations, and we have invested these excess deposits primarily in mortgage-backed securities and investment securities.

Our investment policy is designed to foster earnings and manage cash flows within prudent interest rate risk and credit risk guidelines. Generally, our investment policy is to invest funds in various categories of securities and maturities based upon our liquidity needs, asset/liability management policies, pledging requirements, investment quality, marketability and performance objectives. Roma Bank’s investment policies specify the responsibility for the investment portfolio, asset/liability management and liquidity management and establishe an oversight Investment Committee. The Investment Committee, which is comprised of at least one Board member and the members of management responsible for investment decisions and accountability, meets quarterly to review the portfolio and performance risks and future purchasing strategies. The investment officer is authorized to purchase securities to the limit of $5.0 million per trade per issue with the prior approval of the President, Executive Vice President or Investment Committee.

All of our securities carry market risk insofar as increases in market rates of interest may cause a decrease in their market value. Prior to investing, consideration is given to the interest rate, tax considerations, market volatility, yield, settlement date and maturity of the security, our liquidity position, and anticipated cash needs and sources. The effect that the proposed security would have on our credit and interest rate risk and risk-based capital is also considered.

Federally chartered savings banks have the authority to invest in various types of liquid assets. The investments authorized under the Banks’ investment policies include U.S. government and government agency obligations, municipal securities (consisting of bond obligations of state and local governments), mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and corporate bonds. On a short-term basis, the investment policies authorize investment in federal funds, certificates of deposits and money market investments with insured institutions and with brokerage firms.

FASB ASC Topic 320, “Investments-Debt and Equity Securities”, requires that securities be categorized as “held to maturity,” “trading securities” or “available-for-sale,” based on management’s intent as to the ultimate disposition of each security. FASB ASC Topic 320 allows debt securities to be classified as “held to maturity” and reported in financial statements at amortized cost only if the reporting entity has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity. Securities that might be sold in response to changes in market interest rates, changes in the security’s prepayment risk, increases in loan demand, or other similar factors cannot be classified as “held to maturity.”

We do not currently use or maintain a trading account. Securities not classified as “held to maturity” are classified as “available-for-sale.”  These securities are reported at fair value, and unrealized gains and losses on the securities are excluded from earnings and reported, net of deferred taxes, as a separate component of equity.

At December 31, 2011, our securities portfolio did not contain securities of any issuer, other than the U.S. government or its agencies, having an aggregate book value in excess of 10% of our equity. We do not currently participate in hedging programs, interest rate caps, floors or swaps, or other activities involving the use of off-balance sheet derivative financial instruments, however, we may in the future

 
17

 

utilize such instruments if we believe it would be beneficial for managing our interest rate risk. Further, we do not purchase securities which are not rated investment grade.

Actual maturities of the securities held by us may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. At December 31, 2011, we had $218.2 million of callable securities, net of premiums and discounts, in our portfolio. Callable securities pose reinvestment risk because we may not be able to reinvest the proceeds from called securities at an equivalent or higher interest rate.

Mortgage-backed Securities and Collateralized Mortgage Obligations. Mortgage-related securities represent a participation interest in a pool of one-to-four-family or multi-family mortgages. We primarily invest in mortgage-backed securities secured by one-to-four-family mortgages. Our mortgage-related securities portfolio includes mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies or government-sponsored entities, such as Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Government National Mortgage Association, and the Federal National Mortgage Association. We do not currently invest in mortgage-related securities issued by non-government, private corporate issuers.

Mortgage originators use intermediaries (generally government agencies and government-sponsored enterprises, but also a variety of private corporate issuers) to pool and repackage the participation interests in the form of securities, with investors receiving the principal and interest payments on the mortgages. Securities issued or sponsored by U.S. government agencies and government-sponsored entities are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest to investors. Privately issued non-government, corporate issuers’ securities typically offer rates above those paid on government agency issued or sponsored securities, but lack the guaranty of those agencies and are generally less liquid investments.

Mortgage-backed securities are pass-through securities typically issued with stated principal amounts, and the securities are backed by pools of mortgages that have loans with interest rates that are within a specific range and have varying maturities. The life of a mortgage-backed security thus approximates the life of the underlying mortgages. Mortgage-backed securities generally yield less than the mortgage loans underlying the securities. The characteristics of the underlying pool of mortgages, i.e., fixed-rate or adjustable-rate, as well as prepayment risk, are passed on to the certificate holder. Mortgage-backed securities are generally referred to as mortgage participation certificates or pass-through certificates.

Collateralized mortgage obligations are mortgage-derivative products that aggregate pools of mortgages and mortgage-backed securities and create different classes of securities with varying maturities and amortization schedules as well as a residual interest with each class having different risk characteristics. The cash flows from the underlying collateral are usually divided into “tranches” or classes which have descending priorities with respect to the distribution of principal and interest repayment of the underlying mortgages and mortgage-backed securities as opposed to pass through mortgage-backed securities where cash flows are distributed pro rata to all security holders. It is our policy to buy mortgage-derivative products that have no more risk than the underlying mortgages. The Banks have reviewed their portfolio of mortgage-backed securities and believe they do not have any subprime exposure in this area.


 
18

 

The following table sets forth the carrying value of our securities portfolio at the dates indicated.

   
At December 31,
 
   
2011
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Securities Available for Sale:
                             
                               
Mutual fund shares
  $ 2,935     $ 2,794     $ 2,686     $ 2,449     $ 2,375  
                                         
Equity securities
    49       53       1,387       2,881       3,443  
                                         
Corporate bond
    894       988             955        
                                         
Mortgage-backed securities
    23,368       23,999       8,308       3,056       1,292  
                                         
U.S. Government agency obligations
    9,639       16,019       8,307       2,869        
                                         
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    5,606       8,660       9,456       4,790       10,128  
                                         
Total securities available for sale
    42,491       52,513       30,144       17,000       17,238  
                                         
Investment Securities Held to Maturity:
                                       
                                         
U.S. Government agency obligations
    220,728       227,522       292,427       67,985       123,283  
                                         
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    18,684       15,628       11,943       6,130       4,423  
                                         
Corporate bond
    1,773       1,271       979              
Total investment securities held to maturity
    241,185       244,421       305,349       74,115       127,706  
                                         
Mortgage-Backed Securities Held to Maturity:
                                       
                                         
Ginnie Mae
    7,906       9,988       7,148       8,888       4,276  
                                         
Freddie Mac
    181,779       172,969       123,244       154,246       84,648  
                                         
Fannie Mae
    242,568       229,951       107,294       124,942       47,387  
                                         
Collateralized mortgage obligations
    6,270       8,206       10,740       13,802       7,788  
                                         
Total mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
    438,523       421,114       248,426       301,878       144,099  
                                         
Total
  $ 722,199     $ 718,048     $ 583,919     $ 392,993     $ 289,043  

 
19

 
 
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the carrying values, weighted average yields and maturities of our securities portfolio at December 31, 2011. This table shows contractual maturities and does not reflect re-pricing or the effect of prepayments. Actual maturities may differ.


   
At December 31, 2011
   
One Year or Less
 
One to Five Years
 
Five to Ten Years
 
More than Ten Years
 
Total Investment Securities
   
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Yield
 
Market
Value
   
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                         
Mutual fund shares
 
$
2,935
 
4.12
%
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
2,935
 
4.12
%
$
2,935
Equity securities
   
49
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
49
 
0.00
%
 
49
Corporate bond
   
 
   
1,487
 
2.15
%
 
894
 
3.29
%
 
286
 
     1.00
%
 
2,667
 
2.41
%
 
2,600
U.S. Government obligations
   
 
   
45,992
 
1.62
%
 
160,696
 
2.46
%
 
23,679
 
2.87
%
 
230,367
 
2.33
%
 
231,198
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
   
2,775
 
2.02
   
2,423
 
2.52
%
 
7,242
 
4.38
%
 
11,850
 
4.18
%
 
24,290
 
3.87
%
 
25,363
Ginnie Mae
   
 
   
5
 
4.00
%
 
53
 
2.68
%
 
15,061
 
3.98
%
 
15,119
 
3.97
%
 
15,236
Freddie Mac
   
 
   
5,123
 
4.35
%
 
10,912
 
5.02
%
 
170,536
 
3.54
%
 
186,571
 
3.65
%
 
192,835
Fannie Mae
   
 
   
10,127
 
4.64
%
 
48,310
 
3.76
%
 
193,935
 
3.95
%
 
252,372
 
3.94
%
 
265,788
Collateralized mortgage obligations
   
 —
 
 —
   
1,487
 
5.36
%
 
2,130
 
4.62
%
 
4,680
 
3.36
%
 
7,829
 
3.96
%
 
8,064
Total
 
$
2,984
 
2.12
%
$
68,950
 
2.40
%
$
230,241
 
2.93
%
$
420,024
 
3.58
%
$
722,199
 
3.26
%
$
744,068

 
20

 
 
Sources of Funds

General. Deposits are the Banks’ major source of funds for lending and other investment purposes. In addition, we derive funds from loan and mortgage-backed securities principal repayments, and proceeds from the maturity and call of investment securities. Loan and securities payments are a relatively stable source of funds, while deposit inflows are significantly influenced by pricing strategies and money market conditions. If required, borrowings (principally from the Federal Home Loan Bank) may be used to supplement the amount of funds for lending and funding daily operations. Borrowings may also be utilized as part of a leverage strategy in which the borrowings fund securities purchases.

Deposits. Our current deposit products include checking and savings accounts, money market, and certificates of deposit accounts ranging in terms from ninety-one days to seven years, and individual retirement accounts. Deposit account terms vary, primarily as to the required minimum balance amount, the amount of time that the funds must remain on deposit and the applicable interest rate.

Deposits are obtained primarily from within New Jersey. Traditional methods of advertising are used, or may be used, to attract new customers and deposits, including radio, print media, direct mail and inserts included with customer statements. We do not currently utilize the services of deposit brokers. Premiums or incentives for opening accounts are sometimes offered, and we periodically select particular certificate of deposit maturities for promotion. The Banks have a tiered savings product that offers a  interest rate related to predetermined tiered balance requirements. Customers that maintain a minimum balance requirement in the tiered account are not charged a monthly service fee for the savings account or for checking accounts and also receive overdraft protection, Visa check card and coin counting services.

The determination of deposit and certificate interest rates is based upon a number of factors, including: (1) need for funds based on loan demand, current maturities of deposits and other cash flow needs; (2) a current survey of a selected group of competitors’ rates for similar products; (3) economic conditions; and (4) business plan projections. Interest rates are reviewed weekly at a meeting of the Asset Liability Committee which consists of senior management.

A large percentage of our deposits are in certificates of deposit, which totaled 50.9% of total average deposits at December 31, 2011. The inflow of certificates of deposit and the retention of such deposits upon maturity are significantly influenced by general interest rates and money market conditions, making certificates of deposit traditionally a more volatile source of funding than core deposits. Our liquidity could be reduced if a significant amount of certificates of deposit maturing within a short period of time were not renewed. To the extent that such deposits do not remain with us, they may need to be replaced with borrowings which could increase our cost of funds and negatively impact our interest rate spread and our financial condition. Historically, a significant portion of the certificates of deposit remain with us after they mature and we believe that this will continue. At December 31, 2011, $243.8 million, or 30.6%, of our certificates of deposit were “jumbo” certificates of $100 thousand or more.

 
 
21

 

The following tables set forth the distribution of average deposits for the periods indicated and the weighted average nominal interest rates for each period on each category of deposits presented.
 
   
For the Year Ended December 31,
   
2011
 
2010
 
2009
   
 
Average
Balance
 
 
Percent
of Total
Deposits
 
Weighted
Average
Nominal
  Rate
 
 
Average
Balance
 
 
Percent
of Total
Deposits
 
Weighted
Average
Nominal
   Rate
 
 
Average
Balance
 
 
Percent
of Total
Deposits
 
Weighted
Average
Nominal
  Rate
   
(Dollars in thousands)
                                           
Non-interest-bearing demand
  $
65,393
 
4.18
%
   0.00%
 
$
    49,386
 
3.93
%
   0.00%
 
$
31,044
 
3.40
%
0.00%
Interest-bearing demand
   
179,533
 
11.48
 
0.16
   
152,418
 
12.13
 
0.38
   
112,193
 
12.40
 
0.54   
Money market demand
   
348,938
 
22.32
 
0.50
   
231,704
 
18.44
 
1.01
   
150,223
 
16.60
 
1.30   
Savings and club
   
146,222
 
9.36
 
0.27
   
124,788
 
9.93
 
0.82
   
93,644
 
10.30
 
0.94   
Certificates of deposit
   
823,007
 
52.66
 
1.62
   
698,246
 
55.57
 
1.98
   
518,886
 
57.30
 
3.05   
                                           
Total deposits
  $
1,563,093
 
100.00
%
   0.98%
 
$
1,256,542
 
100.00
%
   1.41%
 
$
905,990
 
100.00
%
2.12%



 
22

 

The following table sets forth certificates of deposit classified by interest rate as of the dates indicated.

     
At December 31,
 
     
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
Interest Rate
   
(In thousands)
 
                     
0.00-1.99%     $ 567,063     $ 544,090     $ 228,895  
                           
2.00-2.99%       186,339       204,973       201,953  
                           
3.00-3.99%       39,169       62,549       109,989  
                           
4.00-4.99%       3,547       5,334       31,633  
                           
5.00% and above
            5,482       5,309  
                             
Total
    $ 796,118     $ 822,428     $ 577,779  

The following table sets forth the amount and maturities of certificates of deposit at December 31, 2011.

   
Amount Due
 
   
1 year
 
1-2 years
 
2-3 years
 
3-4 years
 
4-5 years
 
5 years
 
Total
 
Interest Rate
 
(In thousands)
 
                                             
0.00-1.99%
 
$
386,843
 
$
135,799
 
$
39,896
 
$
2,334
 
$
2,191
 
$
 
$
567,063
 
                                             
2.00-2.99%
   
86,997
   
35,611
   
7,814
   
18,680
   
36,824
   
413
   
186,339
 
                                             
3.00-3.99%
   
3,331
   
2,828
   
10,463
   
22,123
   
305
   
119
   
39,169
 
                                             
4.00-4.99%
   
1,728
   
1,704
   
1
   
114
   
   
   
3,547
 
                                             
5.00-5.99%
   
   
   
 —
   
 —
   
 —
   
 —
   
 
                                             
Total
 
$
478,899
 
$
175,942
 
$
58,174
 
$
43,251
 
$
39,320
 
$
532
 
$
796,118
 

The following table shows the amount of certificates of deposit of $100 thousand or more by time remaining until maturity as of the dates indicated.

 
At December 31, 2011
Maturity Period
(In thousands)
Within three months
$    60,813
Three through six months
32,594
Six through twelve months
52,387
Over twelve months
     97,984
 
$ 243,778


 
23

 

Borrowings. To supplement deposits as a source of funds for lending or investment, the Banks’ may borrow funds in the form of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (FHLBNY). At December 31, 2011, Roma Bank’s borrowing limit with the FHLBNY was $875.0 million or 50% of assets. At December 31, 2011, RomAsia Bank had an overnight borrowing capacity of $2.0 million with the Atlantic Central Bankers Bank.

We traditionally have enjoyed cash flows from deposit activities that were sufficient to meet our day-to-day funding obligations and in the past only occasionally used our overnight line of credit or borrowing facility with the FHLBNY. In the fourth quarter of 2005, we took a five year advance from the FHLBNY to meet the strong demand for loans. This advance was paid in full in 2010.

In the fourth quarter of 2007, we took a ten year advance totaling $23.0 million at a fixed rate of 3.90%, callable at three years, maturing October 2017. Interest is paid quarterly. Approximately $8 million of the proceeds were used for the capital contribution to RomAsia Bank and the other $15 million of proceeds was invested in mortgage-backed securities.

In the third quarter of 2008, we entered into a securities sold under agreement to repurchase with Credit Suisse for $40.0 million, with a blended interest rate of 3.55%. We invested the proceeds into mortgage backed securities with average yields of 5.5%. The maturity dates for these borrowings are as follows: $10.0 million August 2015; $20.0 million August 2018; and, $10.0 million August 2018.

RomAsia Bank had $10.3 million of outstanding short term borrowings from the FHLBNY at December 31, 2011.

Short-term FHLBNY advances generally have original maturities of less than one year, and are typically secured by the FHLBNY stock and by other assets, mainly securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government. Additional information regarding our borrowings is included under Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

On May 1, 2007, Sterling Banks Capital Trust I, a Delaware statutory business trust and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Trust”), issued $6.2 million of variable rate capital trust pass-through securities (“capital securities”) to investors.  The variable interest rate reprices quarterly at the three month LIBOR plus 1.7%.  The Trust purchased $6.2 million of variable rate junior subordinated debentures from Sterling Banks, Inc. The debentures are the sole asset of the Trust. The fair value of the subordinated debentures at the acquisition date of July 19, 2010 was $5.1 million. The terms of the junior subordinated debentures are the same as the terms of the capital securities.  The Company has also fully and unconditionally guaranteed the obligations of the Trust under the capital securities.  The capital securities are redeemable by the Company on or after May 1, 2012 at par, or earlier if the deduction of related interest for federal income taxes is prohibited, classification as Tier I Capital is no longer allowed, or certain other contingencies arise.  The capital securities must be redeemed upon final maturity of the subordinated debentures on May 1, 2037.  On October 22, 2010, the Company repurchased $4.0 million of these capital securities, with a discounted market value of $3.2 million.

Subsidiary Activity

Roma Financial Corporation has two direct subsidiaries, Roma Bank and RomAsia Bank. RomAsia Bank received all regulatory approvals and opened on June 23, 2008. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had invested $15.9 million in organizational capital out of total capital of $17.5 million, or 91.22% in RomAsia Bank. At December 31, 2011, RomAsia Bank had total assets of $136.6 million.


 
24

 

Roma Bank has two wholly-owned subsidiaries: Roma Capital Investment Corporation, which was incorporated under New Jersey law in 2004 as an investment subsidiary, and General Abstract & Title Agency, a New Jersey corporation.

Roma Capital Investment Corporation is an investment subsidiary and its sole activity is to hold investment securities. Its total assets at December 31, 2011 were $287.9 million. Its net income for 2011 was $6.4 million.

General Abstract & Title Agency sells title insurance, performs title searches and provides real estate settlement and closing services. Its total assets at December 31, 2011 were $356 thousand. Its operating revenue for 2011 consisted of $1.0 million in premiums earned from the placement of title insurance and related title company services. Its net loss for 2011 was $58 thousand.

The Company’s consolidated statements also include a 50% interest in 84 Hopewell, LLC, a real estate investment which is consolidated according to the requirements FASB ASC Topic 810. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

REGULATION AND SUPERVISION

Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws which relate to the regulation of the Company and the Banks. The description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to applicable laws and regulations.

The Banks and the Company operate in a highly regulated industry.  This regulation establishes a comprehensive framework of activities in which a savings and loan holding company and federal savings bank may engage and is intended primarily for the protection of the deposit insurance fund and depositors.  Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws that relate to the regulation of the Banks and the Company.  The description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to applicable laws and regulations.

Regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities, including the imposition of restrictions of the operation of an institution and its holding company, the classification of assets by the institution and the adequacy of an institution’s allowance for loan losses.  Any change in such regulation and oversight, whether in the form of regulatory policy, regulations, or legislation, including changes in the regulations governing mutual holding companies, could have a material adverse impact on the Company, the Banks and their operations.  The adoption of regulations or the enactment of laws that restrict the operations of the Banks and/or the Company or impose burdensome requirements upon one or all of them could reduce their profitability and could impair the value of the Banks’ franchises, resulting in negative effects on the trading price of the Company’s common stock.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
 
On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank was signed into law.  The Dodd-Frank Act is intended to affect a fundamental restructuring of federal banking regulation.  Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act created a new Financial Stability Oversight Council to identify systemic risks in the financial system and gave federal regulators new authority to take control of and liquidate financial firms. The Dodd-Frank Act eliminated our current primary federal regulator, the Office of Thrift Supervision, and subjected savings and loan holding companies to greater regulation.  The Dodd-Frank Act additionally created a new independent federal regulator to administer federal consumer protection laws. The Dodd-Frank Act has and is expected to continue to have a significant impact on our business and operations  Among the provisions that are likely to affect us are the following:
 

 
25

 
 
Elimination of OTS.  As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, the OTS, our former primary federal regulator was eliminated effective July 21, 2011. The primary federal regulator of the Company is now the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”), and the primary federal regulator for the Banks is the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”).  The Federal Reserve and OCC generally have rulemaking, examination, supervision and oversight authority over our operations and the FDIC will retain secondary authority over the Banks.  
 
New Limits on MHC Dividend Waivers.  Effective as of the date of transfer of OTS’s duties, the Dodd-Frank Act made significant changes in the law governing waivers of dividends by mutual holding companies.  After that date, a mutual holding company may only waive the receipt of a dividend from a subsidiary if no insider of the mutual holding company or their associates or tax-qualified or non-tax-qualified employee stock benefit plan holds any shares of the class of stock to which the waiver would apply, the mutual holding company gives written notice of its intent to waive the dividend at least 30 days prior to the proposed payment date and the Federal Reserve does not object.  The Federal Reserve will not object to a dividend waiver if it determines that the waiver would not be detrimental to the safe and sound operation of the savings association, the mutual holding company’s board determines that the waiver is consistent with its fiduciary duties and the mutual holding company has waived dividends prior to December 1, 2009. Roma Financial Corporation is grandfathered under this provision. In addition, waived dividends must be taken into account in determining the appropriate exchange ratio for a second-step conversion of a mutual holding company unless the mutual holding company has waived dividends prior to December 1, 2009.  On July 21, 2011, an interim final regulation adopted by the Federal Reserve requires dividend waivers to be approved by members at least every 12 months.
 
Holding Company Capital Requirements.  Effective as of the transfer date, the Federal Reserve was authorized to establish capital requirements for savings and loan holding companies.  These capital requirements must be countercyclical so that the required amount of capital increases in times of economic expansion and decreases in times of economic contraction, consistent with safety and soundness. Savings and loan holding companies will also be required to serve as a source of financial strength for their depository institution subsidiaries. Within five years after enactment, the Dodd-Frank Act requires the Federal Reserve to apply consolidated capital requirements that are no less stringent than those currently applied to depository institutions to depository institution holding companies that were not supervised by the Federal Reserve as of May 19, 2009.  Under these standards, trust preferred securities will be excluded from Tier 1 capital unless such securities were issued prior to May 19, 2010 by a bank or savings and loan holding company with less than $15 billion in assets.
 
Federal Preemption.  A major benefit of the federal thrift charter has been the strong preemptive effect of the Home Owners’ Loan Act (“HOLA”), under which the Banks are chartered.  Historically, the courts have interpreted the HOLA to “occupy the field” with respect to the operations of federal thrifts, leaving no room for conflicting state regulation. The Dodd-Frank Act, however, amended the HOLA to specifically provide that it does not occupy the field in any area of state law.  Henceforth, any preemption determination must be made in accordance with the standards applicable to national banks, which have themselves been scaled back to require case-by-case determinations of whether state consumer protection laws discriminate against national banks or interfere with the exercise of their powers before these laws may be pre-empted.
 
Deposit Insurance.  The Dodd-Frank Act permanently increases the maximum deposit insurance amount for banks, savings institutions and credit unions to $250,000 per depositor, retroactive to January 1, 2009, and extended unlimited deposit insurance to non-interest bearing transaction accounts through December 31, 2012. The Dodd-Frank Act also broadened the base for FDIC insurance

 
26

 

assessments, required the FDIC to increase the reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund from 1.15% to 1.35% of insured deposits by 2020 and eliminated the requirement that the FDIC pay dividends to insured depository institutions when the reserve ratio exceeds certain thresholds. The Dodd-Frank Act also eliminated the federal statutory prohibition against the payment of interest on business checking accounts.
 
Qualified Thrift Lender Test.  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, a savings association that fails the qualified thrift lender test will be prohibited from paying dividends, except for dividends that: (i) would be permissible for a national bank; (ii) are necessary to meet obligations of a company that controls the savings association; and (iii) are specifically approved by the OCC and the Federal Reserve.  In addition, a savings association that fails the qualified thrift lender test will be deemed to have violated Section 5 of the HOLA and may become subject to enforcement actions thereunder.

Corporate Governance. The Dodd-Frank Act required publicly traded companies to give stockholders a non-binding vote on executive compensation at their first annual meeting taking place six months after the date of enactment and at least every three years thereafter and on so-called “golden parachute” payments in connection with approvals of mergers and acquisitions. The legislation also authorized the SEC to promulgate rules that would allow stockholders to nominate their own candidates using a company’s proxy materials. Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act also directed the federal banking regulators to promulgate rules prohibiting excessive compensation paid to executives of depository institutions and their holding companies with assets in excess of $1.0 billion, regardless of whether the company is publicly traded or not.  The Dodd-Frank Act gave the SEC authority to prohibit broker discretionary voting on elections of directors and executive compensation matters.
 
Transactions with Affiliates and Insiders.  The Dodd-Frank Act expands the definition of affiliate for purposes of quantitative and qualitative limitations of Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act to include mutual funds advised by a depository institution or its affiliates.  The Dodd-Frank Act will apply Section 23A and Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act (governing transactions with insiders) to derivative transactions, repurchase agreements and securities lending and borrowing transaction that create credit exposure to an affiliate or an insider. Any such transactions with affiliates must be fully secured. The current exemption from Section 23A for transactions with financial subsidiaries will be eliminated.  The Dodd-Frank Act will additionally prohibit an insured depository institution from purchasing an asset from or selling an asset to an insider unless the transaction is on market terms and, if representing more than 10% of capital, is approved in advance by the disinterested directors.

Debit Card Interchange Fees.  Effective July 21, 2011, the Dodd-Frank Act required that the amount of any interchange fee charged by a debit card issuer with respect to a debit card transaction must be reasonable and proportional to the cost incurred by the issuer.  Within nine months of enactment, the Federal Reserve Board is required to establish standards for reasonable and proportional fees which may take into account the costs of preventing fraud.  The restrictions on interchange fees, however, do not apply to banks that, together with their affiliates, have assets of less than $10 billion.
 
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.  The Dodd-Frank Act created a new, independent federal agency called the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”), which was granted broad rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement powers under various federal consumer financial protection laws, including the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Truth in Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Debt Collection Act, the Consumer Financial Privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and certain other statutes. The CFPB has examination and primary enforcement authority with respect to depository institutions with $10 billion or more in assets. Smaller institutions will be subject to rules promulgated by the CFPB but will continue to be examined and supervised by federal banking regulators for consumer compliance purposes. The CFPB has authority
 

 
27

 

to prevent unfair, deceptive or abusive practices in connection with the offering of consumer financial products.  The Dodd-Frank Act authorized the CFPB to establish certain minimum standards for the origination of residential mortgages including a determination of the borrower’s ability to repay.  In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act allowed borrowers to raise certain defenses to foreclosure if they receive any loan other than a “qualified mortgage” as defined by the CFPB. The Dodd-Frank Act permited states to adopt consumer protection laws and standards that are more stringent than those adopted at the federal level and, in certain circumstances, permited state attorneys general to enforce compliance with both the state and federal laws and regulations.  Federal preemption of state consumer protection law requirements, traditionally an attribute of the federal savings association charter, has also been modified by the Dodd-Frank Act and now requires a case-by-case determination of preemption by the OCC and eliminates preemption for subsidiaries of a bank.  Depending on the implementation of this revised federal preemption standard, the operations of the Banks could become subject to additional compliance burdens in the states in which it operates.

Holding Company Regulation

General.  The Company is a savings and loan holding company within the meaning of Section 10 of the HOLA.  As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, it is now required to file reports with the Federal Reserve and is subject to regulation and examination by the Federal Reserve, as successor to the OTS.  The Company must also obtain regulatory approval from the Federal Reserve before engaging in a certain transactions, such as mergers with or acquisitions of other financial institutions.  In addition, the Federal Reserve has enforcement authority over the Company and any non-savings institution subsidiaries.  This permits the Federal Reserve to restrict or prohibit activities that it determines to be a serious risk to the Banks.  This regulation is intended primarily for the protection of the depositors and not for the benefit of stockholders of the Company.

The Federal Reserve has indicated that, to the greatest extent possible taking into account any unique characteristics of savings and loan holding companies and the requirements of the HOLA, it intends to apply its current supervisory approach to the supervision of bank holding companies to savings and loan holding companies.  The stated objective of the Federal Reserve will be to ensure the savings and loan holding company and its non-depository subsidiaries are effectively supervised and can serve as a source of strength for, and do not threaten the safety and soundness of the subsidiary depository institutions.  The Federal Reserve has generally adopted the substantive provisions of OTS regulations governing savings and loan holding companies on an interim final basis with certain modifications as discussed below.

Activities Restrictions.  As a savings and loan holding company and as a subsidiary holding company of a mutual holding company, the Company is subject to statutory and regulatory restrictions on its business activities.  The non-banking activities of the Company and its non-savings institution subsidiaries are restricted to certain activities specified by the Federal Reserve regulation, which include performing services and holding properties used by a savings institution subsidiary, activities authorized for savings and loan holding companies as of March 5, 1987 and non-banking activities permissible for bank holding companies pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, or authorized for financial holding companies pursuant to the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.  Before engaging in any non-banking activity or acquiring a company engaged in any such activities, the Company must file with the Federal Reserve either a prior notice or (in the case of non-banking activities permissible for bank holding companies) an application regarding its planned activity or acquisition.  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, a savings and loan holding company may only engage in activities authorized for financial holding companies if they meet all of the criteria to qualify as a financial holding company. Accordingly, the Federal Reserve will require savings and loan holding companies to elect to be treated as financial holding companies in order to engage in financial holding company activities. In order to make such an
 

 
28

 

election, the savings and loan holding company and its depository institution subsidiaries must be well capitalized and well managed.

Mergers and Acquisitions.  The Company must obtain approval from the Federal Reserve before acquiring, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of the voting stock of another savings institution or savings and loan holding company or acquiring such an institution or holding company by merger, consolidation, or purchase of its assets.  Federal law also prohibits a savings and loan holding company from acquiring more than 5% of a company engaged in activities other than those authorized for savings and loan holding companies by federal law; or acquiring or retaining control of a depository institution that is not insured by the FDIC.  In evaluating an application for the Company to acquire control of a savings institution, the Federal Reserve would consider the financial and managerial resources and future prospects of the Company and the target institution, the effect of the acquisition on the risk to the insurance funds, the convenience and the needs of the community and competitive factors.

Waivers of Dividends by Roma Financial Corporation, MHC.  As previously permitted by OTS policies, the MHC has historically waived the receipt of dividends from the Company.  The OTS reviewed dividend waiver notices on a case-by-case basis and, in general, did not object to any such waiver if; (i) the mutual holding company’s board of directors determines that such waiver is consistent with such directors’ fiduciary duties to the mutual holding company’s members, and (ii) the waiver would not be detrimental to the safe and sound operations of the subsidiary savings association.  During the year ended December 31, 2011, the MHC waived its right, upon non-objection from the OTS, to receive cash dividends of $7.2 million declared during the year.

Effective with the transfer of OTS’s jurisdiction over savings and loan holding companies to the Federal Reserve (the “transfer date”),  mutual holding companies may only waive the receipt of a dividend from a subsidiary if no insider of the mutual holding company or their associates or tax-qualified or non-tax-qualified employee stock benefit plan holds any shares of the class of stock to which the waiver would apply, or the mutual holding company gives written notice of its intent to waive the dividend at least 30 days prior to the proposed payment date and the Federal Reserve does not object.  The Federal Reserve may not object to a dividend waiver if it determines that the waiver would not be detrimental to the safe and sound operation of the savings association, the mutual holding company’s board determines that the waiver is consistent with its fiduciary duties and the mutual holding company has waived dividends prior to December 1, 2009.

The Federal Reserve’s interim final rule on dividend waivers would require that any notice of waiver of dividends include a board resolution together with any supporting materials relied upon by the MHC board to conclude that the dividend waiver is consistent with the board’s fiduciary duties.  The resolution must include; (i) a description of the conflict of interest that exists because of a MHC director’s ownership of stock in the subsidiary declaring the dividend and any actions taken to eliminate the conflict of interest, such as a waiver by the directors of their right to receive dividends; (ii) a finding by the MHC that the waiver is consistent with its fiduciary duties despite any conflict of interest; (iii) an affirmation that the MHC is able to meet the terms of any loan agreement for which the stock of the subsidiary is pledged or to which the MHC is subject; and (iv) any affirmation that  majority of the MHC’s members have approved a waiver of dividends within the past 12 months and that the proxy statement used for such vote included certain disclosures.

Conversion of the MHC to Stock Form.  Federal regulations permit the MHC to convert from the mutual form of organization to the capital stock form of organization, commonly referred to as a second step conversion.  In a second step conversion a new holding company would be formed as a successor to the Company, the MHC’s corporate existence would end and certain depositors of Roma Bank would receive the right to subscribe for shares of the new holding company. In a second step
 

 
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conversion, each share of common stock held by stockholders other than the MHC would be automatically converted into a number of shares of common stock of the new holding company determined pursuant to an exchange ratio that ensures that the Company’s stockholders own the same percentage of common stock in the new holding company as they owned in the Company immediately prior to the second step conversion.   The total number of shares held by the Company’s stockholders after a second step conversion also would be increased by any purchases by the Company’s stockholders in the stock offering of the new holding company conducted as part of the second step conversion.

Under the Dodd-Frank Act, waived dividends must be taken into account in determining the appropriate exchange ratio for a second-step conversion of a mutual holding company unless the mutual holding company has waived dividends prior to December 1, 2009.

Acquisition of Control.  Under the federal Change in Bank Control Act, a notice must be submitted to the Federal Reserve if any person (including a company), or group acting in concert, seeks to acquire “control” of a savings and loan holding company.  An acquisition of “control” can occur upon the acquisition of 10% or more of the voting stock of a savings and loan holding company or as otherwise defined by the Federal Reserve.  Under the Change in Bank Control Act, the Federal Reserve has 60 days from the filing of a complete notice to act, taking into consideration certain factors, including the financial and managerial resources of the acquirer and the anti-trust effects of the acquisition.  Any company that so acquires control is then subject to regulation as a savings and loan holding company.

Holding Company Capital Requirements.  Effective as of the transfer date, the Federal Reserve was authorized to establish capital requirements for savings and loan holding companies.  These capital requirements must be countercyclical so that the required amount of capital increases in times of economical expansion and decrease in times of economic contraction, consistent with safety and soundness.  Savings and loan holding companies will also be require do serve as a source of financial strength for their depository institution subsidiaries.  Within five years after enactment, the Dodd-Frank Act requires the Federal Reserve to apply consolidated capital requirements that are no less stringent than those currently applied to depository institutions and to depository institution holding companies that were not supervised by the FRB as of May 19, 2009.  Under these standards, trust preferred securities will be excluded from Tier 1 capital unless such securities were issued prior to May 19, 2010 by a bank or savings and loan holding company with less than $15 billion in assets.

The Federal Reserve stated that it is considering applying the same consolidated risk-based and leverage capital requirements to savings and loan holding companies as those applied to bank holding companies under Basel III to the extent reasonable and feasible taking into consideration the unique characteristics of savings and loan holding companies and requirements of the HOLA.  The Federal reserve expects these rules to be finalized in 2012 and implementation to begin in 2013.


 
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Regulation of the Banks

General.   As a federally chartered savings banks with deposits insured by the FDIC, the Banks are subject to extensive regulation by federal banking regulators.  This regulatory structure gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies regarding the classification of assets and the level of the allowance for loan losses.  The activities of federal savings banks are subject to extensive regulation including restrictions or requirements with respect to loans to one borrower, the percentage of non-mortgage loans or investments to total assets, capital distributions, permissible investments and lending activities, liquidity, transactions with affiliates and community reinvestment.  Federal savings banks are also subject to reserve requirements imposed by the Federal Reserve.  Both state and federal law regulate a federal savings bank’s relationship with its depositors and borrowers, especially in such matters as the ownership of savings accounts and the form and content of the bank’s mortgage documents.

As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, the OCC assumed principal regulatory responsibility for federal savings banks from the OTS effective July 21, 2011.  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, all existing OTS guidance, orders, interpretations, procedures and other advisory in the effect prior to that date will continue in effect and shall be enforceable against the OCC until modified, terminated, set aside or superseded by the OCC in accordance with applicable law.  The OCC has adopted most of the substantive OTS regulations on an interim final basis.

The Banks must file reports with the OCC concerning  activities and financial condition and must obtain regulatory approvals prior to entering into certain transactions such as mergers with or acquisitions of other financial institutions.  The OCC will regularly examine the Banks and prepare reports to the Banks’ respective Boards of Directors on deficiencies, if any, found in its operations.  The OCC will have substantial discretion to impose enforcement action on an institution that fails to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, particularly with respect to its capital requirements.  In addition, the FDIC has the authority to recommend to the OCC to take enforcement action with respect to a particular federally chartered savings bank, and if the OCC does not take action, the FDIC has authority to take such action under certain circumstances.

Federal Deposit Insurance.   The Banks’ deposits are insured to applicable limits by the FDIC.  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the maximum deposit insurance amount has been permanently increased from $100,000 to $250,000 and unlimited deposit insurance has been extended to non-interest-bearing transaction accounts until December 31, 2013.  Prior to the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC had established a Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program under which, for the payment of an additional assessment by insured banks that did not opt out, the FDIC fully guaranteed all non-interest-bearing transaction accounts until June 30, 2010 (the “Transaction Account Guarantee Program”) and all senior unsecured debt of insured depository institutions or their qualified holding companies issued between October 14, 2008 and October 31, 2009, with the FDIC’s guarantee expiring by December 31, 2012 (the “Debt Guarantee Program”).  Neither the Company nor the Banks opted out of the Debt Guarantee Program but neither issued any debt there under.  The Banks did not opt out of the original Transaction Account Guarantee Program but did opt out of its extension.

The FDIC has adopted a risk-based premium system. Starting in 2009, the FDIC significantly raised the assessment rate in order to restore the reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund to the statutory minimum of 1.15%. The FDIC imposed a special assessment equal to five basis points of assets less Tier I capital as of June 30, 2009, payable on September 30, 2009, and reserved the right to impose special assessments.

 
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In November 2009, instead of imposing additional special assessments, the FDIC amended the assessment regulations to require all insured depository institutions to prepay their estimated risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009, and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012 on December 30, 2009.  For purposes of estimating the future assessments, each institution’s base assessment rate in effect on September 30, 2009 was used, assuming a 5% annual growth rate in the assessment base and a 3 basis point increase in the assessment rate in 2011 and 2012.  The prepaid assessment will be applied against actual quarterly assessments until exhausted.  Any funds remaining after June 30, 2013 will be returned to the institution.
 
The Dodd-Frank Act required the FDIC to take such steps as necessary to increase the reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund from 1.15% to 1.35% of insured deposits by 2020.  In setting the assessments, the FDIC is required to offset the effect of the higher reserve ratio against insured depository institutions with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion.  The Dodd-Frank Act also broadens the base for FDIC insurance assessments so that assessments are now based on the average consolidated total assets less average tangible equity capital of a financial institution rather than on its insured deposits.  The FDIC has adopted a new restoration plan to increase the reserve ratio to 1.15% by September 30, 2020 with additional rulemaking scheduled for 2011 regarding the method to be used to achieve a 1.35% reserve ratio by that date and offset the effect on institutions with assets less than $10 billion in assets. 
 
The FDIC has adopted new assessment regulations that redefine the assessment base as average consolidated assets less average tangible equity.  Insured banks with more than $1.0 billion in assets must calculate quarterly average assets based on daily balances while smaller banks and new chartered banks may use weekly averages.  In the case of a merger, the average assets of the surviving bank for the quarter must include the average assets of the merged institution for the period in the quarter prior to the merger.  Average assets would be reduced by goodwill and other intangibles.  Average tangible equity will equal Tier 1 capital.  For institutions with more than $1.0 billion in assets average tangible equity will be calculated on a weekly basis while smaller institutions may use the quarter-end balance.  Beginning April 1, 2011, the base assessment rate for insured institutions in Risk Category 1 ranges between 5 and 9 basis points for institutions in Risk Categories II, III and IV will be 14, 23, and 35 basis points.  An institution’s assessment rate will be reduced based on the amount of its outstanding unsecured long-term debt and for institutions in Risk Categories II, III and IV may be increased based on their brokered deposits.  Risk Categories are eliminated for institutions with more than $10 billion in assets which will be assessed