S-1 1 c04944sv1.htm REGISTRATION STATEMENT sv1
 

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2006
Registration No. 333-            
 
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
US BioEnergy Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
         
South Dakota   2860   20-1811472
(State of Incorporation)   (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5500 Cenex Drive
Inver Grove Heights, MN 55077
(651) 355-8300
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
 
Gregory S. Schlicht
Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
US BioEnergy Corporation
5500 Cenex Drive
Inver Grove Heights, MN 55077
(651) 355-8300
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
     
Brian W. Duwe
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
333 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
(312) 407-0700
  Paul L. Choi
Sidley Austin LLP
One South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60603
(312) 853-7000
 
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement is declared effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are being offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.     o
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box.     o
 
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
         
    Proposed Maximum    
    Aggregate Offering   Amount of
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered   Price(1)(2)   Registration Fee
 
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share
  $300,000,000   $32,100
 
(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee under Rule 457(o) of the Securities Act of 1933.
 
(2) Includes common stock issuable upon the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 
 


 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION                                         , 2006
 
                             Shares
(US BioEnergy LOGO)
Common Stock
 
This is the initial public offering of our common stock. No public market currently exists for our common stock. We are offering                      shares of our common stock. We expect the public offering price to be between $          and $           per share.
We will apply to have our common stock approved for listing on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “USBE.”
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any shares, you should read the discussion of material risks of investing in our common stock in “Risk factors” beginning on page 12 of this prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
                 
    Per share   Total
 
Public offering price
  $       $    
 
Underwriting discounts and commissions
  $       $    
 
Proceeds, before expenses, to us
  $       $    
 
The underwriters may also purchase up to an additional                      shares of our common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover over-allotments, if any, within 30 days of the date of this prospectus. If the underwriters exercise this option in full, the total underwriting discounts and commissions will be $                    , and our total proceeds, before expenses, will be $                    .
The underwriters are offering the common stock as set forth under “Underwriting.” Delivery of the shares will be made on or about                     , 2006.
Joint Book-Running Lead Managers
UBS Investment Bank Credit Suisse Piper Jaffray
Co-Managers
William Blair & Company A.G. Edwards


 

(FRONT COVER)
DECLARE YOUR INDEPENDENCE OFFICES US BioEnergy Executive Offi ces Inver Grove Heights, MN US BioEnergy Corporate Headquarters Brookings, SD UBE Services and Ingredients Wichita, KS PLANTS Platte Valley In Operation | Central City, NE Woodbury Under Construction | Lake Odessa, MI Albert City Under Construction | Albert City, IA Val-E Under Construction | Ord, NE Hankinson In Development | Hankinson, ND Dyersville In Development | Dyersville, IA Grinnell In Development | Grinnell, IA Janesville In Development | Janesville, MN Springfi eld In Development | Springfi eld, MN

 


 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus. We and the underwriters have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is current as of the date of this prospectus.
Until                     , 2006 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), federal securities laws may require all dealers that effect transactions in our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
         
    1  
    12  
    31  
    33  
    34  
    35  
    37  
    39  
    44  
    47  
    50  
    64  
    68  
    73  
    89  
    104  
    111  
    113  
    128  
    135  
    138  
    142  
    146  
    146  
    147  
    F-1  
 
The US BioEnergy logo and Solomontm are trademarks or service marks of US BioEnergy Corporation. All other trademarks and service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders.
 
i


 

 
Industry and market data
We obtained the industry, market and competitive position data used throughout this prospectus from our own research, internal surveys and studies conducted by third parties, independent industry associations or general publications and other publicly available information. In particular, we have based much of our discussion of the ethanol industry, including government regulation relevant to the industry and forecasted growth in demand, on information published by the Renewable Fuels Association, or RFA, the national trade association for the U.S. ethanol industry. Independent industry publications and surveys generally state that they have obtained information from sources believed to be reliable, but do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of such information. Further, because the RFA is a trade organization for the ethanol industry, it may present information in a manner that is more favorable to that industry than would be presented by an independent source. Forecasts are particularly likely to be inaccurate, especially over long periods of time.
Ethanol production capacities and ethanol units
Each of our ethanol plants has a nameplate capacity, which represents the production capacity specified in the applicable design-build agreement for the plant. Each of our planned 100 million gallons per year, or mmgy, plants has a 100 mmgy nameplate capacity. Our existing and planned 50 mmgy plants have a nameplate capacity of either 40 or 45 mmgy. Based on our experience, a facility with nameplate capacity of 40 or 45 mmgy can be expected to produce approximately 50 mmgy. For the twelve months ended March 31, 2006, our existing 40 mmgy nameplate capacity plant produced 48.4 million gallons of ethanol, and it currently operates at a rate in excess of 50 mmgy.
All references in this prospectus to gallons of ethanol are to gallons of denatured ethanol. Denatured ethanol is ethanol blended with approximately 5.0% denaturant, such as gasoline, to render it undrinkable and thus not subject to alcoholic beverage taxes.
 
ii


 

Prospectus summary
This summary highlights selected information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. This prospectus includes information about the shares we are offering as well as information regarding our business and detailed financial data. You should read this prospectus in its entirety.
Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “US BioEnergy,” “we,” “company,” “us” and “our” refer to US BioEnergy Corporation and its subsidiaries. We generally refer to our facilities by their location: the Albert City facility in Albert City, Iowa; the Woodbury facility in Woodbury township near Lake Odessa, Michigan; the planned Hankinson facility in Hankinson, North Dakota; the planned Janesville facility in Janesville, Minnesota; the planned Grinnell facility in Grinnell, Iowa; the planned Dyersville facility in Dyersville, Iowa; and the planned Springfield facility in Springfield, Minnesota. We refer to the facility we acquired as part of our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC as our Platte Valley facility, which is located in Central City, Nebraska. We refer to the facility being constructed on land we acquired as part of our acquisition of Val-E Ethanol, LLC as our Val-E facility, which is located in Ord, Nebraska.
OUR COMPANY
We are a rapidly growing producer and marketer of ethanol and distillers grains. Ethanol is a clean-burning, renewable fuel made from agricultural products such as corn. Distillers grains are a co-product of corn-based ethanol that are used as animal feed. We also market ethanol and distillers grains produced by, and provide facilities management and marketing services to, other ethanol producers. We sell ethanol to refining and marketing companies in the U.S., such as Marathon Oil Corporation, BP p.l.c. and Valero Energy Corporation, primarily as a gasoline additive. We currently sell distillers grains to livestock operators in the U.S. We distribute products principally by rail, and we lease approximately 380 rail cars through UBE Ingredients, our wholly-owned subsidiary, and approximately 800 rail cars through UBE Fuels, our marketing joint venture with CHS Inc.
We were founded in October 2004 by Gordon Ommen and Ron Fagen. Our three largest shareholders are: Capitaline Advisors, LLC, an investment management firm, and its affiliates, collectively controlled by Gordon Ommen; Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S.; and CHS Inc., a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy cooperative in the U.S.
Our products
We currently operate one ethanol plant which we acquired in April 2006. We are in the process of expanding this facility, and we have three additional ethanol plants under construction. Upon completion of these initiatives, we will own and operate four plants with a combined ethanol production capacity of 300 million gallons per year, or mmgy. We also have five ethanol plants in development that we believe will have a combined production capacity of 400 mmgy. We believe that our expansion plans will make us one of the largest ethanol producers in the U.S. by the end of 2006.
1


 

The following table sets forth a summary of our ethanol plants that are currently in operation or under construction as of June 30, 2006:
                             
    In operation   Under construction    
             
            Platte Valley        
    Platte Valley   Woodbury   Albert City   Expansion   Val-E   Total
 
Location
  Central City, Nebraska   Lake Odessa, Michigan   Albert City, Iowa   Central City, Nebraska   Ord, Nebraska        
Estimated Production Start Date
  In operation since May 2004   September 2006   November 2006   November 2006   May 2007        
Current Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
  50                     50  
Ethanol Production Capacity Under Construction (mmgy)
      50   100   50   50     250  
Builder
  Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen        
We currently have five planned facilities that are either in the permitting or development stage. The following table sets forth a summary of these planned facilities:
                                 
    In development
     
        Total in
    Hankinson   Dyersville   Grinnell   Janesville   Springfield   development
 
Location
  Hankinson, North Dakota   Dyersville, Iowa   Grinnell, Iowa   Janesville, Minnesota   Springfield, Minnesota        
Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
    100     100   50(1)   100   50     400  
Expected Construction Start Date
    Q4 2006     Q4 2006   2007   2007   2007        
 
(1) Represents 50% of the 100 mmgy ethanol production capacity of the planned Grinnell facility. We have entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to jointly develop this facility. Under the terms of this letter of intent, we will each own a 50% interest in the Grinnell facility.
We are also evaluating several additional projects. We have identified a number of potential sites for these projects and are currently conducting feasibility studies on these sites.
We have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction and our Platte Valley expansion. In addition, we have entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. Together, these master design-build agreements provide us with build slots for each of our facilities in development or under evaluation.
Prior to our acquisition of the Platte Valley facility in April 2006, 100% of our revenues were generated through the sale of services to third-party ethanol producers and the sale of ethanol and agricultural commodities acquired from others. Effective May 2006, we began to recognize revenue from the production of ethanol and distillers grains.
2


 

Our services
We provide management services to third-party ethanol producers. In addition, we have agreements to provide distillers grains and ethanol marketing services for our Platte Valley facility as well as to third-party biofuels producers. These services are provided through our subsidiaries as follows:
UBE Services: Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Services, we provide grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers. UBE Services currently provides, or has entered into agreements to provide, services to eight ethanol plants, including plants owned by Hawkeye Holdings Inc. and ASAlliances Biofuels, LLC, with an aggregate capacity in production or under construction in excess of 600 mmgy.
UBE Ingredients: Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Ingredients, we intend to market all of our dried distillers grains production. In 2005, UBE Ingredients marketed in excess of 1.6 million tons of distillers grains on behalf of 11 third-party ethanol producers. We distribute distillers grains principally by rail to livestock operations across the U.S.
UBE Fuels: We market our ethanol as well as ethanol and biodiesel produced by third-parties through UBE Fuels, a joint venture between CHS Inc. and us. At present, UBE Fuels provides marketing services for our Platte Valley facility and three third-party biofuels producers.
COMPANY HISTORY
We were incorporated in South Dakota in October 2004. Since our formation, we have focused on building the necessary resources, infrastructure and production capacity with a goal of becoming one of the leading ethanol producers in the U.S. Our acquisition in May 2005 of United Bio Energy, LLC, a provider of ethanol and distillers grains marketing, grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers, was a key step in that process. United Bio Energy commenced operations in January 2004 following a combination of Fagen Management, LLC’s third-party ethanol plant management business and ICM Marketing, Inc.’s distillers grains marketing business.
3


 

The following table sets forth a summary of significant milestones in our history:
     
Date   Initiative
     
October 2004
  We were founded by Gordon Ommen and Ron Fagen
November 2004
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Albert City, Iowa
April 2005
  We acquired Superior Corn Products, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Woodbury township, Michigan
May 2005
  We acquired United Bio Energy, LLC and established our services business
October 2005
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Janesville, Minnesota
November 2005
  CHS made an initial investment of $35 million in our company
March 2006
  We acquired Gold Energy, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Hankinson, North Dakota
    We formed an ethanol marketing joint venture with CHS
April 2006
  We acquired Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, which owns and operates a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Central City, Nebraska
    We acquired Val-E Ethanol, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Ord, Nebraska
    We announced plans to develop and construct an ethanol plant near Springfield, Minnesota
May 2006
  We entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to form a joint venture to construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Grinnell, Iowa
June 2006
  We launched our Solomontm branded distillers grains program
July 2006
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Dyersville, Iowa
COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS
Our competitive strengths include:
Ø  Close relationship with Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S. We believe that our close relationship with Fagen, Inc. will allow us to add new ethanol production capacity faster than many of our competitors. Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., beneficially owns approximately 27.5% of our common stock (          % after the completion of this offering assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised). We believe that Fagen, Inc. has constructed over 65% of the ethanol production capacity built in the U.S. over the past six years. We have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction and our Platte Valley expansion. In addition, we have entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. Together, these master design-build agreements provide us with build slots for each
4


 

of our facilities in development or under evaluation. We believe that our relationship with Fagen and our access to committed build slots through our master design-build agreements with Fagen provide us with a key advantage over those of our competitors that have not secured construction agreements for their announced capacity expansions.

Ø  Significant logistics, infrastructure and marketing support from CHS, a major marketer of grain and fuel products. CHS Inc., a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy cooperative in the U.S., has invested an aggregate of $70 million in our company and currently owns approximately 23.3% of our common stock (          % after the completion of this offering assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised). As our joint venture partner, CHS provides us with significant logistics and infrastructure support, including access to their rail transportation network, private truck fleet, fuel product pipelines and terminals. We also benefit from access to CHS’s grain procurement expertise and extensive refined fuels distribution system, comprised of nearly 1,600 retail outlets, including their Cenex® convenience stores. At present, UBE Fuels provides marketing services for our Platte Valley facility and three third-party biofuels producers. We believe that the logistics, infrastructure and marketing support we receive from CHS allows us to broaden our customer and supplier networks, which in turn enables us to improve our access to low-cost corn and enhance our price realization.
 
Ø  Established marketing, facilities management and consulting services businesses. We have an established services business. Together with its predecessor businesses, UBE Services has been providing grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers for over two years, and UBE Ingredients has been providing distillers grains marketing services to third-party ethanol producers for over six years. Prior to the formation of our UBE Fuels joint venture with CHS, our ethanol marketing business marketed ethanol for third-party ethanol producers for over two years. As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we believe that our established services business will provide us with a competitive advantage over other less vertically integrated ethanol producers. We believe that our experience marketing ethanol and distillers grains will allow us to realize higher prices for our products than our competitors that do not have marketing operations. We believe that our facilities management and consulting services business allows us to develop highly qualified operations management as well as identify facilities that could be future partners for us.
 
Ø  Geographically diverse operations. We currently have nine plants in operation, under construction or in development located in five different states. We believe that our geographically diverse operations will minimize our exposure to fluctuations in any one corn market and maximize our access to potential customers relative to our competitors with geographically concentrated operations.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
Key elements of our business strategy include:
Ø  Grow operations to achieve one billion gallons of annual ethanol production capacity in 2009. We have eight ethanol plants under construction or in development that, together with our expanded Platte Valley facility, we believe will have a combined annual production capacity of 700 mmgy in 2008. We have identified additional plant development and acquisition opportunities that we believe will allow us to grow our annual ethanol production capacity to one billion gallons in 2009. We believe that increasing the size and scale of our operations will create significant value for our shareholders.
 
Ø  Pursue selective acquisitions. Our industry is highly fragmented with a significant number of producers that operate only one plant and may not have the financial or management resources required to grow their businesses. We will seek to acquire smaller producers that meet our operational and financial criteria for acquisitions. We believe that our commitment to local farmer
5


 

groups and cooperatives located throughout the Midwest, as demonstrated by the involvement of local advisory boards at each of our facilities, will facilitate the execution of our acquisition strategy.
 
Ø  Pursue low-cost operations strategy. We believe we are positioned to become one of the lowest cost producers of ethanol due to our expected large scale, diverse geographic footprint, state-of-the-art technology, established marketing platform and management expertise. We believe that our facilities are strategically sited near natural gas lines and abundant, low-cost corn supplies with comprehensive access to the on-road and rail transportation infrastructure, reducing our transportation costs and diversifying our corn supply. We use Fagen construction and the latest ICM design technology, which we believe delivers higher corn-to-ethanol conversion yields compared to some older facilities. We also believe that our expected geographic footprint, which will diversify 700 mmgy of production capacity across Iowa, Michigan, Nebraska, North Dakota and Minnesota, will allow us to market and distribute our products more efficiently and manage our business more effectively than some of our less-diversified competitors.
 
Ø  Develop premium branded products. Our strategy is to develop premium branded products that are differentiated from our competitors’ products. For example, we are currently working with leading animal nutritionists to develop techniques to increase the quality and consistency of our distillers grains product. We intend to market our premium distillers grains under the brand name Solomontm. If we are successful in our efforts, we believe that we will be able to sell our Solomontm branded distillers grains at higher prices than our competitors that sell generic products.
 
Ø  Expand our third-party ethanol and distillers grains marketing business. At present, UBE Fuels provides ethanol marketing services for our Platte Valley facility and three third-party biofuels producers. In 2005, UBE Ingredients marketed in excess of 1.6 million tons of distillers grains for 11 third-party ethanol producers. We intend to grow our marketing business by building relationships with new biofuels producers.
ETHANOL INDUSTRY
In North America, ethanol is produced mainly from corn and is primarily used as a gasoline fuel additive to increase gasoline’s octane rating and is increasingly being used as a blendstock. According to the RFA, U.S. ethanol production was approximately 4.0 billion gallons in 2005, which accounted for approximately 3% of the total U.S. gasoline fuel supply. As a gasoline blendstock, ethanol functions as an octane enhancer, a clean air additive and a fuel extender. Ethanol is also a primary blendstock for an emerging E85 fuel, which consists of up to 85% ethanol and at least 15% conventional gasoline and can be consumed by approximately six million Flexible Fuel Vehicles estimated to be on the road in the U.S.
We believe the ethanol industry will continue to grow as a result of the following factors:
Ø  Favorable production economics relative to gasoline. We believe that ethanol currently represents an economically attractive source of fuel because the costs incurred by ethanol producers in producing a gallon of ethanol are now significantly lower than the costs incurred by refiners to produce a gallon of gasoline.
 
Ø  Phase-out of MTBE. Before 2003, ethanol was used primarily as a fuel extender and octane enhancer, predominantly in states located in the Midwest. In recent years, as a result of health and environmental concerns, 25 states, including California, New York and Connecticut, which consumed more than 50% of the methyl tertiary butyl ether, or MTBE, produced in the U.S., have banned or significantly limited the use of MTBE. Product liability concerns regarding MTBE increased following the passage of the Energy Policy Act in 2005, which did not contain limitations on product liability claims relating to MTBE use. Consequently, refiners are expected to phase out two billion gallons per year of MTBE, creating additional demand for ethanol as the most likely
6


 

substitute for MTBE due to its favorable production economics, high octane rating and clean-burning characteristics.
 
Ø  Shortage of domestic petroleum refining capacity. According to the Energy Information Administration, or EIA, while domestic refining capacity has decreased approximately 4% from 1980 to 2005, domestic demand has increased 21% over the same period. The EIA expects growth in refining capacity to average 1.3% per year until 2025, with demand for refined petroleum products to grow at 1.5% per year over the same period. By adding ethanol to gasoline fuel stock, refiners are able to increase the volume of fuel available for sale, and therefore produce more fuel from a barrel of oil and expand their ability to meet consumer demand. We believe that increased pressure on domestic fuel refining capacity will result in greater demand for ethanol.
 
Ø  Federally mandated renewable fuel usage. Adopted as part of the Energy Policy Act, the Renewable Fuels Standard, or RFS, established minimum nationwide levels of renewable fuels to be included in gasoline. Although the RFS should increase demand for ethanol, we believe the actual use of ethanol and other renewable fuels will surpass the mandated requirements, especially in the early years of implementation of the RFS.
 
Ø  Geopolitical concerns with reliance on imported fuels. According to the EIA, crude oil imports are expected to rise from 65% of the U.S. crude oil supply in 2005 to 71% by 2025. Political unrest and attacks on oil infrastructure in the major oil producing nations, particularly those located in the Middle East, have added a “risk premium” to world oil prices. At the same time, developing nations such as China and India are increasing their demand for oil. Ethanol, a domestic, renewable source of energy, is reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
RISK FACTORS
Our business involves various risks, including: our ability to implement our expansion strategy as planned or at all; the volatility and uncertainty of commodity prices; changes in current legislation or regulations that affect the demand for ethanol; changes in ethanol supply and demand; our ability to compete effectively in the ethanol industry; our limited operating history and history of operating losses; our ability to successfully locate and integrate future acquisitions; development of infrastructure related to the sale and distribution of ethanol; the results of our hedging transactions; operational difficulties at our ethanol plants; the adverse effect of environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and liabilities; our less than 100% ownership of and control over certain assets used in our business; our ability to provide services to competing third-party producers; disruptions to infrastructure or in the supply of raw materials; the limited use of our historical financial information in evaluating our performance; the division of our management’s time and energy among our different ethanol plants; intense competition for qualified personnel in the ethanol industry; our ability to keep pace with technological advances; the restrictive covenants in our debt financing agreements; the material weakness and reportable conditions identified in our internal controls and our status as a holding company. See “Risk factors” beginning on page 12. You should carefully consider the information in the “Risk factors” section and all other information included in this prospectus before investing in our common stock.
OUR CORPORATE INFORMATION
Our principal executive offices are located at 5500 Cenex Drive, Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota 55077, and our telephone number is (651) 355-8300. We maintain an Internet website at www.usbioenergy.net. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
7


 

The offering
Common stock we are offering                     shares
 
Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering                     shares
 
Use of proceeds We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering after expenses will be approximately                     assuming an initial public offering price of                                 per share. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Hankinson, Dyersville, Grinnell, Janesville and Springfield facilities, to prepay approximately $6.8 million of outstanding subordinated debt, including interest and prepayment penalties, and for general corporate purposes. See “Use of proceeds.”
 
Proposed NASDAQ Global Market symbol “USBE”
The number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering is based on approximately                      shares outstanding as of                     . Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes that we have completed a  -for-                     reverse split of our common stock before the closing of this offering.
The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering excludes:
Ø                       shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding as of                     ,                     at a weighted average exercise price of                                                                               per share, of which options to purchase                      shares were exercisable as of that date;
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock available for future grant under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan as of                                                                               and                      shares of our common stock that may be purchased under our 2006 Stock Purchase Plan as of                     ; and
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock that may be purchased by the underwriters to cover over- allotments, if any.
Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus:
Ø  assumes the issuance and sale of                      shares of our common stock in the offering at the initial public offering price of $                                                                              per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus; and
 
Ø  assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to                      shares of our common stock in this offering to cover over-allotments.
8


 

Summary historical and pro forma financial data
The following summary historical consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy for the period from October 28, 2004 to December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following summary historical consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy as of March 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following summary pro forma financial data have been derived from the unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary pro forma consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy for the year ended December 31, 2005 and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 have been prepared to give pro forma effect, in the case of the statement of operations data, as if the following transactions had occurred on January 1, 2005 and, in the case of the balance sheet data, as if they had occurred on March 31, 2006:
Ø  the acquisition of the Platte Valley and Val-E facilities in April 2006;
 
Ø  the sale of a 50% interest in UBE Fuels to CHS Inc. on March 31, 2006;
 
Ø  the acquisition of the Woodbury facility in April 2005; and
 
Ø  the acquisition of United Bio Energy in May 2005.
The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data,” “Selected historical consolidated financial data,” “Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC” and the consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The “Selected historical consolidated financial data” included elsewhere in this prospectus contains historical financial information for United Bio Energy, LLC and ICM Marketing, Inc., our predecessors for accounting purposes.
9


 

                                                       
    Period ended December 31,   Three months ended March 31,
         
        2005       2006
    2004   2005   Pro forma   2005   2006   Pro forma
 
    (unaudited)   (unaudited)   (unaudited)   (unaudited)
    (in thousands, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
                                               
Revenues:
                                               
 
Product sales
  $     $ 9,633     $ 97,806     $     $ 3,945     $ 28,045  
 
Services and commissions
          6,782       7,987             2,074       1,789  
 
Other revenue, incentive income
                5,109                    
                                     
   
Total revenues
          16,415       110,902             6,019       29,834  
Cost of goods sold:
                                               
 
Cost of product sales
          9,467       78,762             3,870       20,780  
 
Cost of services and commissions
          3,520       6,446             1,525       1,525  
                                     
   
Total cost of goods sold
          12,987       85,208             5,395       22,305  
                                     
     
Gross profit
          3,428       25,694             624       7,529  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    55       8,016       10,328       355       2,182       3,734  
                                     
 
Operating income (loss)
    (55 )     (4,588 )     15,366       (355 )     (1,558 )     3,795  
Other income (expense):
                                               
 
Interest expense
          (467 )     (2,145 )           (48 )     (372 )
 
Interest income
    1       319       621       2       214       511  
 
Other income
          104       135             14       17  
 
Minority interest in net loss of subsidiary
                558                   28  
                                     
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (54 )     (4,632 )     14,535       (353 )     (1,378 )     3,979  
Income tax (expense) benefit
          401       (5,500 )                 (1,500 )
                                     
Net income (loss)
  $ (54 )   $ (4,231 )   $ 9,035     $ (353 )   $ (1,378 )   $ 2,479  
                                     
Per Share Data:
                                               
Earnings (loss) per share
                                               
 
Basic
  $ (0.02 )   $ (0.09 )   $ 0.09     $ (0.03 )   $ (0.01 )   $ 0.01  
 
Diluted
    (0.02 )     (0.09 )     0.09       (0.03 )     (0.01 )     0.01  
Weighted average shares outstanding (1)
                                               
 
Basic
    3,231       44,728       98,313       10,750       123,920       175,125  
 
Diluted
    3,231       44,728       98,313       10,750       123,920       178,476  
Statement of Cash Flows Data:
                                               
Depreciation and amortization
  $     $ 809     $ 5,793     $     $ 506     $ 1,699  
Capital expenditures
    441       53,388       57,644       5       30,534       41,324  
                 
    As of March 31, 2006 (unaudited)
     
    US BioEnergy   As adjusted(2)
 
    (in thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 95,088          
Total assets
    248,405          
Debt(3)
    9,490       (4 )
Total shareholders’ equity
    202,580          
(footnotes on following page)
10


 

Additional Platte Valley data:(5)
                                 
        Three months   Three months
    Years ended   ended   ended
    December 31,   March 31,   March 31,
             
    2004   2005   2005   2006
 
    (unaudited)
    (in thousands, except for per gallon data)
Ethanol sold (gallons)
    28,749       47,973       11,616       12,027  
Ethanol average gross price per gallon(6)
  $ 1.43     $ 1.56     $ 1.53     $ 1.80  
Distillers grains sales per gallon of ethanol sold (6)
  $ 0.23     $ 0.20     $ 0.23     $ 0.21  
Corn costs per gallon of ethanol sold(7)
  $ 1.06     $ 0.75     $ 0.79     $ 0.72  
Natural gas costs per gallon of ethanol sold(8)
  $ 0.14     $ 0.18     $ 0.15     $ 0.26  
 
(1) Weighted average numbers of shares of common stock outstanding during 2004 and 2005 is based on the aggregate number of shares of class A common stock and class B common stock outstanding during these periods. Our class A common stock and class B common stock were identical except with respect to the voting rights. During 2005, all of the outstanding class B common stock was converted into class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. Prior to the consummation of this offering, we intend to amend and restate our articles of incorporation to provide for only one class of common stock. Pro forma weighted average common shares outstanding also includes the additional shares of our common stock that we issued in connection with our acquisitions of Superior Corn Products, LLC, United Bio Energy, LLC, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and Val-E Ethanol LLC.
 
(2) As adjusted to give effect to (i) our issuance and sale of shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range of the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses to be paid by us, and (ii) the prepayment of $6.8 million of subordinated debt as described under “Use of proceeds.”
 
(3) Represents total debt, including short-term notes payable, community redevelopment revenue bonds and any outstanding amounts borrowed on our senior secured credit facilities.
 
(4) Does not include an aggregate of $                    outstanding under our Woodbury and Albert City credit facilities as of                     . No amounts were outstanding under these credit facilities as of March 31, 2006.
 
(5) Represents historical production data for Platte Valley which we acquired in April 2006.
 
(6) Represents the gross sales dollars, excluding freight, commissions, hedging gains or losses or other related charges, divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
 
(7) Represents corn costs, including freight, commissions, hedging gains or losses or other costs, divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
 
(8) Represents natural gas costs, including hedging gains or losses, divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
11


 

 
Risk factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information in this prospectus, you should carefully consider the risks described below before purchasing our common stock. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition will likely suffer. As a result, the trading price of our common stock may decline, and you might lose part or all of your investment.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
We may not be able to implement our expansion strategy as planned or at all.
We plan to grow our business by investing in new or existing ethanol plants. We have one operational ethanol plant, which is undergoing an expansion, and eight ethanol plants under construction or in development. These plants are in various stages of construction and development, with commencement of operations scheduled between the latter half of 2006 and 2008.
Development, construction and expansion of ethanol plants is subject to a number of risks, any of which could prevent us from commencing operations at a particular plant as expected or at all, including zoning and permitting matters, adverse weather, defects in materials and workmanship, labor and material shortages, transportation constraints, construction change orders, site changes, labor issues and other unforeseen difficulties. In addition, during the expansion of an existing facility, such as the current expansion of our Platte Valley facility, we may be forced to suspend or curtail our operations at such facility, which would decrease our ethanol production and reduce our revenues.
We need additional financing to implement our expansion strategy, and we may not have access to the funding required for the expansion of our business or such funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms. We may finance the expansion of our business with additional indebtedness or by issuing additional equity securities. We could face financial risks associated with incurring additional indebtedness, such as reducing our liquidity and access to financial markets and increasing the amount of cash flow required to service such indebtedness, or associated with issuing additional equity, such as dilution of ownership and earnings. We face additional risks associated with financing our expansion strategy due to the significant limitations imposed on our ability to incur or service additional debt or grant security interests on our assets contained in our existing debt financing agreements. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
The significant expansion of ethanol production capacity currently underway in the U.S. may also impede our expansion strategy. As a result of this expansion, we believe that there is increasing competition for suitable sites for ethanol plants, and we may not find suitable sites for construction of new facilities or other suitable expansion opportunities. Even if we are able to identify suitable sites or opportunities, we may not be able to secure the services and products from the contractors, engineering firms, construction firms and equipment suppliers necessary to build our ethanol plants on a timely basis or on acceptable economic terms.
Our expansion strategy is particularly dependent on the continued availability of construction and engineering services provided to us by Fagen, Inc., an entity controlled by one of our principal shareholders, Ron Fagen. We believe that Fagen has constructed over 65% of the ethanol production capacity built in the U.S. over the past six years. Although we have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction, our Platte Valley expansion and master design-build agreements with Fagen for our five facilities in development and a number of additional build slots through 2010, if Fagen fails to perform under those agreements, our ability to meet our expansion goals would be limited. Fagen has also entered into design-build contracts with other parties seeking to build ethanol plants and has invested and may continue to invest in other
 
12


 

Risk factors
 
ethanol producers. As a result, Fagen may have a conflict of interest in performing its obligations under its design-build agreements with us which could delay or prevent our expansion strategy.
We must also obtain numerous regulatory approvals and permits in order to construct and operate additional or expanded facilities. These requirements may not be satisfied in a timely manner or at all. In addition, federal and state governmental requirements may substantially increase our costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our significant expansion plans may also result in other unanticipated adverse consequences, such as the diversion of management’s attention from our existing plant and other businesses.
Accordingly, we may not be able to implement our expansion strategy as planned or at all. We may not find additional appropriate sites for new facilities, and we may not be able to finance, construct, develop or operate these new or expanded facilities successfully.
We generally do not have long-term sales, input or throughput contracts, which makes our business highly dependent on commodity prices. These prices are subject to significant volatility and uncertainty, so our results could fluctuate significantly.
We generally do not have long-term contracts for the purchase of corn and natural gas, our principal inputs, or for the sale of ethanol, our principal product, or to process corn owned by third-parties through our facilities to produce ethanol. Therefore, our results of operations, financial position and business outlook will be substantially dependent on commodity prices, especially prices for corn, natural gas, ethanol and unleaded gasoline. Prices for these commodities are generally subject to significant volatility and uncertainty. As a result, our future results may fluctuate substantially, and we may experience periods of declining prices for our products and increasing costs for our raw materials, which could result in continued operating losses. We may attempt to offset a portion of the effects of such fluctuations by entering into forward contracts to supply ethanol or to purchase corn, natural gas or other items or by engaging in transactions involving exchange-traded futures contracts, but these activities involve substantial costs and substantial risks and may be ineffective to mitigate these fluctuations.
The spread between ethanol and corn prices can vary significantly and is currently at a historically high level.
Our gross margins will depend principally on the spread between ethanol and corn prices. During the five-year period from 2001 to 2005, ethanol prices (based on price data from Bloomberg, L.P., or Bloomberg) have ranged from a low of $0.91 per gallon to a high of $2.70 per gallon, averaging $1.45 per gallon during this period. On June 30, 2006, the Chicago spot price per gallon of ethanol was $3.90. In recent periods, the spread between ethanol and corn prices has been at a historically high level, driven in large part by high oil prices and historically low corn prices. The spread between the price of a gallon of ethanol and the price of the amount of corn required to produce a gallon of ethanol may not remain at recent high levels and fluctuations will continue to occur. Any reduction in the spread between ethanol and corn prices, whether as a result of an increase in corn prices or a reduction in ethanol prices, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our business is highly sensitive to corn prices, and we generally cannot pass on increases in corn prices to our customers.
Corn is the principal raw material we use to produce ethanol and distillers grains. Because ethanol competes with fuels that are not corn-based, we generally are unable to pass along increased corn costs to our customers, and accordingly, rising corn prices tend to produce lower profit margins. At certain levels, corn prices would make ethanol uneconomical to use in fuel markets. The price of corn is
 
13


 

Risk factors
 
influenced by weather conditions (including droughts) and other factors affecting crop yields, farmer planting decisions and general economic, market and regulatory factors, including government policies and subsidies with respect to agriculture and international trade, and global and local supply and demand. The price of corn has fluctuated significantly in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future. For example, over the ten-year period from 1996 through 2005, corn prices (based on Chicago Board of Trade, or CBOT, daily futures data) have ranged from a low of $1.75 per bushel in 2000 to a high of $5.48 per bushel in 1996, with prices averaging $2.44 per bushel during this period. On June 30, 2006, the CBOT price of corn was $2.35 per bushel.
In addition, increasing domestic ethanol capacity could boost demand for corn and result in increased corn prices. In 2005, corn bought by ethanol plants represented approximately 13% of the total corn supply for that year according to results reported by the National Corn Growers Association, and this percentage is expected to increase as additional ethanol capacity comes online. At a more local level, the price we pay for corn at any of our production facilities could also increase if another ethanol production facility were built in the same general vicinity or if we expand the production facility.
We may also have difficulty from time to time in purchasing corn on economical terms due to supply shortages. Any supply shortage could require us to suspend operations until corn became available at economical terms. Suspension of operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The market for natural gas is subject to market conditions that create uncertainty in the price and availability of the natural gas that we utilize in the ethanol manufacturing process.
We will rely upon third-parties for our supply of natural gas, which is consumed in the manufacture of ethanol. The prices for and availability of natural gas are subject to volatile market conditions. The fluctuations in natural gas prices over the six-year period from December 31, 1999 through December 28, 2005, based on New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc., or NYMEX, daily futures data, has ranged from a low of $1.83 per Million British Thermal Units, or MMBTU, in 2001 to a high of $15.38 per MMBTU in 2005, averaging $5.40 per MMBTU during this period. On June 30, 2006, the NYMEX price of natural gas was $6.10 per MMBTU. These market conditions often are affected by factors beyond our control such as weather conditions (including hurricanes), overall economic conditions and foreign and domestic governmental regulation and relations. Significant disruptions in the supply of natural gas could impair our ability to manufacture ethanol for our customers. Further, increases in natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Fluctuations in the selling price and production cost of gasoline may reduce our profit margins.
Ethanol is marketed both as a fuel additive to reduce vehicle emissions from gasoline and as an octane enhancer to improve the octane rating of gasoline with which it is blended. As a result, ethanol prices are influenced by the supply and demand for gasoline and our business, future results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected if gasoline demand or price decreases.
The price of distillers grains is affected by the price of other commodity products, such as soybeans, and decreases in the price of these commodities could decrease the price of distillers grains.
Distillers grains compete with other protein-based animal feed products. The price of distillers grains may decrease when the price of competing feed products decrease. The prices of competing animal feed products are based in part on the prices of the commodities from which they are derived. Downward pressure on commodity prices, such as soybeans, will generally cause the price of competing animal feed products to decline, resulting in downward pressure on the price of distillers grains. Because the
 
14


 

Risk factors
 
price of distillers grains is not tied to production costs, decreases in the price of distillers grains will result in us generating less revenue and lower profit margins.
Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations.
Our operating results are influenced by seasonal fluctuations in the price of our primary operating inputs, corn and natural gas, and the price of our primary product, ethanol. In recent years, the spot price of corn tended to rise during the spring planting season in May and June and tended to decrease during the fall harvest in October and November. The price for natural gas, however, tends to move opposite of corn and tends to be lower in the Spring and Summer and higher in the Fall and Winter. In addition, our ethanol prices are substantially correlated with the price of unleaded gasoline. The price of unleaded gasoline tends to rise during the Summer and Winter. Given our limited history, we do not know yet how these seasonal fluctuations will affect our results over time.
The use and demand for ethanol and its supply are highly dependent on various federal and state legislation and regulation, and any changes in legislation or regulation could cause the demand for ethanol to decline or its supply to increase, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Various federal and state laws, regulations and programs have led to increased use of ethanol in fuel. For example, certain laws, regulations and programs provide economic incentives to ethanol producers and users. Further, tariffs generally apply to the import of ethanol from other countries. These laws, regulations and programs are constantly changing. Federal and state legislators and environmental regulators could adopt or modify laws, regulations or programs that could adversely affect the use of ethanol. These laws, regulations or programs will continue in the future. In addition, certain state legislatures oppose the use of ethanol because they must ship ethanol in from other corn-producing states, which could significantly increase gasoline prices in the state.
The elimination or significant reduction in the federal ethanol tax incentive or the elimination or expiration of other federal or state incentive programs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The cost of producing ethanol has historically been significantly higher than the market price of gasoline. The production of ethanol is made significantly more competitive with regular gasoline by federal tax incentives. Before January 1, 2005, the federal excise tax incentive program allowed gasoline distributors who blended ethanol with gasoline to receive a federal excise tax rate reduction for each blended gallon they sold. If the fuel was blended with 10% ethanol, the refiner/marketer paid $0.052 per gallon less tax, which equated to an incentive of $0.52 per gallon of ethanol. The $0.52 per gallon incentive for ethanol was reduced to $0.51 per gallon in 2005 and is scheduled to expire (unless extended) in 2010. The federal ethanol tax incentives may not be renewed in 2010 or they may be renewed on different terms. In addition, the federal ethanol tax incentives, as well as other federal and state programs benefiting ethanol (such as tariffs), generally are subject to U.S. government obligations under international trade agreements, including those under the World Trade Organization Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, and might be the subject of challenges thereunder, in whole or in part. We may also receive benefits from other federal and state incentive programs. For example, historically, our Platte Valley facility has received incentive payments to produce ethanol from the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA, under its Commodity Credit Corporation Bioenergy Program and from the State of Nebraska under its motor vehicle fuel tax credit program. Under these programs, Platte Valley received payments of approximately $8.2 million and $5.1 million in 2004 and 2005, respectively. The USDA program expired on June 30, 2006, and existing or future incentive programs may also expire or be eliminated. The elimination or significant
 
15


 

Risk factors
 
reduction in the federal ethanol tax incentive or other programs benefiting ethanol could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The effect of the Renewable Fuels Standard, or RFS, in the recent Energy Policy Act of 2005 on the ethanol industry is uncertain.
The use of fuel oxygenates, including ethanol, was mandated through regulation, and much of the forecasted growth in demand for ethanol was expected to result from additional mandated use of oxygenates. Most of this growth was projected to occur in the next few years as the remaining markets switch from MTBE to ethanol. The recently enacted energy bill, however, eliminated the mandated use of oxygenates and instead established minimum nationwide levels of renewable fuels (ethanol, biodiesel or any other liquid fuel produced from biomass or biogas) to be included in gasoline. Because biodiesel and other renewable fuels in addition to ethanol are counted toward the minimum usage requirements of the RFS, the elimination of the oxygenate requirement for reformulated gasoline may result in a decline in ethanol consumption, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. The legislation also included provisions for trading of credits for use of renewable fuels and authorized potential reductions in the RFS minimum by action of a governmental administrator. In addition, the rules for implementation of the RFS and the energy bill are still under development.
The legislation did not include MTBE liability protection sought by refiners, and, in light of the risks of environmental litigation, many ethanol producers have anticipated that this will result in accelerated removal of MTBE and increased demand for ethanol. Refineries may use other possible replacement additives, such as iso-octane, iso-octene or alkylate. Accordingly, the actual demand for ethanol may increase at a lower rate than production for anticipated demand, resulting in excess production capacity in our industry, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Tariffs effectively limit imported ethanol into the U.S. and their reduction or elimination could undermine the ethanol industry in the U.S.
Imported ethanol is generally subject to a $0.54 per gallon tariff that was designed to offset the $0.51 per gallon ethanol incentive available under the federal excise tax incentive program for refineries that blend ethanol in their fuel. There is, however, a special exemption from this tariff for ethanol imported from 24 countries in Central America and the Caribbean Islands, which is limited to a total of 7% of U.S. ethanol production per year. Imports from the exempted countries may increase as a result of new plants in development. Since production costs for ethanol in these countries are significantly less than what they are in the U.S., the duty-free import of ethanol through the countries exempted from the tariff may negatively affect the demand for domestic ethanol and the price at which we sell our ethanol.
In May 2006, bills were introduced in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate to repeal the $0.54 per gallon tariff on imported ethanol. We do not know the extent to which the volume of imports would increase or the effect on U.S. prices for ethanol if this proposed legislation is enacted or if the tariff is not renewed beyond its current expiration date in December 2007. Any changes in the tariff or exemption from the tariff could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Waivers of the RFS minimum levels of renewable fuels included in gasoline could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the U.S. Department of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Energy, may waive the renewable fuels mandate with respect to one or more states if the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or
 
16


 

Risk factors
 
U.S. EPA, determines that implementing the requirements would severely harm the economy or the environment of a state, a region or the U.S., or that there is inadequate supply to meet the requirement. Any waiver of the RFS with respect to one or more states could adversely affect demand for ethanol and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Various studies have criticized the efficiency of ethanol, which could lead to the reduction or repeal of incentives and tariffs that promote the use and domestic production of ethanol.
Although many trade groups, academics and governmental agencies have supported ethanol as a fuel additive that promotes a cleaner environment, others have criticized ethanol production as consuming considerably more energy and emitting more greenhouse gases than other biofuels. Other studies have suggested that corn-based ethanol is less efficient than ethanol produced from switch grass or wheat grain. If these views gain acceptance, support for existing measures promoting use and domestic production of corn-based ethanol could decline, leading to reduction or repeal of these measures.
As more ethanol plants are built, ethanol production will increase and, if demand does not sufficiently increase, the price of ethanol and distillers grains may decrease.
Domestic ethanol production capacity has increased steadily from 1.7 billion gallons per year in January of 1999 to 4.5 billion gallons per year in June 2006. In addition, there is a significant amount of capacity being added to the ethanol industry. According to the RFA, as of June 2006 approximately 2.2 billion gallons per year of production capacity, an increase of 48.9% over current production levels, is currently under construction at 41 new and existing facilities. This capacity is being added to address anticipated increases in demand. However, demand for ethanol may not increase as quickly as expected or to a level that exceeds supply, or at all. If the ethanol industry has excess capacity, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Excess ethanol production capacity also may result from decreases in the demand for ethanol or increased imported supply, which could result from a number of factors, including regulatory developments and reduced gasoline consumption in the U.S. Reduced gasoline consumption could occur as a result of increased prices for gasoline or crude oil, which could cause businesses and consumers to reduce driving or acquire vehicles with more favorable gasoline mileage, or as a result of technological advances, such as the commercialization of engines utilizing hydrogen fuel-cells, which could supplant gasoline-powered engines. There are a number of governmental initiatives designed to reduce gasoline consumption, including tax credits for hybrid vehicles and consumer education programs. There is some evidence that reduced gasoline consumption has occurred in the recent past as gasoline prices have increased in the U.S.
In addition, because ethanol production produces distillers grains as a co-product, increased ethanol production will also lead to increased supplies of distillers grains. An increase in the supply of distillers grains, without corresponding increases in demand, could lead to lower prices.
We face intense competition from competing ethanol and other fuel additive producers.
Competition in the ethanol industry is intense. We face formidable competition in every aspect of our business from established producers of ethanol, including Archer Daniels Midland Company and Cargill, Inc., and from other companies that are seeking to develop large-scale ethanol plants and alliances. As of June 2006, the top ten producers accounted for approximately 46% of the ethanol production capacity in the U.S. according to the RFA. A number of our competitors are divisions of substantially larger enterprises and have substantially greater financial resources than we do. Smaller competitors also pose a threat. Farmer-owned cooperatives and independent firms consisting of groups of individual farmers and investors have been able to compete successfully in the ethanol industry.
 
17


 

Risk factors
 
These smaller competitors operate smaller facilities which may not affect the local price of corn grown in the proximity to the facility as much as larger facilities like ours affect these prices. In addition, many of these smaller competitors are farmer-owned and often require their farmer-owners to commit to selling them a certain amount of corn as a requirement of ownership. A significant portion of production capacity in our industry consists of smaller-sized facilities.
We expect competition to increase as the ethanol industry becomes more widely known and demand for ethanol increases. Most new ethanol plants in development across the country are independently owned. In addition, various investors could heavily invest in ethanol production facilities and oversupply ethanol, resulting in higher raw material costs and lower ethanol price levels that could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We also face increasing competition from international suppliers. Although there is a tariff on foreign-produced ethanol (which is scheduled to expire in 2007) that is roughly equivalent to the federal ethanol tax incentive, ethanol imports equivalent to up to 7.0% of total domestic production from certain countries were exempted from this tariff under the Caribbean Basin Initiative to spur economic development in Central America and the Caribbean. Currently, international suppliers produce ethanol primarily from sugar cane and have cost structures that may be substantially lower than ours.
Any increase in domestic or foreign competition could cause us to reduce our prices and take other steps to compete effectively, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We have a limited operating history and a history of operating losses, and our business may not be as successful as we envision.
We were incorporated in October 2004 and did not engage in any revenue producing activities until we acquired United Bio Energy, LLC on May 1, 2005. In April 2006, we acquired our first operating ethanol plant. Accordingly, we have a limited operating history from which you can evaluate our business and prospects. Moreover, since our inception we have incurred operating losses and have yet to recognize operating income. For the period from October 28, 2004 (inception) through December 31, 2004, for the year ended December 31, 2005 and for the three months ended March 31, 2006, we incurred operating losses of $55,000, $4.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks and uncertainties encountered by an early-stage company and in rapidly evolving markets, such as the ethanol market, where supply and demand may change significantly in a short amount of time.
Some of these risks relate to our potential inability to:
Ø  effectively manage our business and operations;
 
Ø  recruit and retain key personnel;
 
Ø  successfully maintain our low-cost structure as we expand the scale of our business;
 
Ø  manage rapid growth in personnel and operations;
 
Ø  develop new products that complement our existing business; and
 
Ø  successfully address the other risks described throughout this prospectus.
If we cannot successfully address these risks, our business, future results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected, and we may continue to incur operating losses in the future.
 
18


 

Risk factors
 
Potential future acquisitions could be difficult to find and integrate, divert the attention of key personnel, disrupt our business, dilute shareholder value and adversely affect our financial results.
As part of our business strategy, we may consider acquisitions of other businesses, building sites, production facilities, storage or distribution facilities and selected infrastructure. There is no assurance, however, that we will determine to pursue any of these opportunities or that if we determine to pursue them that we will be successful.
Acquisitions involve numerous risks, any of which could harm our business, including:
Ø  difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies, products, existing contracts, accounting processes and personnel of the target and realizing the anticipated synergies of the combined businesses;
 
Ø  difficulties in supporting and transitioning customers, if any, of the target company or assets;
 
Ø  diversion of financial and management resources from existing operations;
 
Ø  the price we pay or other resources that we devote may exceed the value we realize, or the value we could have realized if we had allocated the purchase price or other resources to another opportunity;
 
Ø  risks of entering new markets or areas in which we have limited or no experience or are outside our core competencies;
 
Ø  potential loss of key employees, customers and strategic alliances from either our current business or the business of the target;
 
Ø  assumption of unanticipated problems or latent liabilities, such as problems with the quality of the products of the target; and
 
Ø  inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition costs.
We also may pursue acquisitions through joint ventures or partnerships. Partnerships and joint ventures typically involve restrictions on actions that the partnership or joint venture may take without the approval of the partners. These types of provisions may limit our ability to manage a partnership or joint venture in a manner that is in our best interest but is opposed by our other partner or partners.
Future acquisitions may involve the issuance of our equity securities as payment or in connection with financing the business or assets acquired, and as a result, could dilute your ownership interest in us. In addition, consummating these transactions could result in the incurrence of additional debt and related interest expense, as well as unforeseen liabilities, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. The failure to successfully evaluate and execute acquisitions or otherwise adequately address the risks associated with acquisitions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
19


 

Risk factors
 
Growth in the sale and distribution of ethanol is dependent on the changes in and expansion of related infrastructure which may not occur on a timely basis, if at all, and our operations could be adversely affected by infrastructure disruptions.
Substantial development of infrastructure by persons and entities outside our control will be required for our operations, and the ethanol industry generally, to grow. Areas requiring expansion include, but are not limited to:
Ø  additional rail capacity;
 
Ø  additional storage facilities for ethanol;
 
Ø  increases in truck fleets capable of transporting ethanol within localized markets;
 
Ø  expansion of refining and blending facilities to handle ethanol;
 
Ø  growth in service stations equipped to handle ethanol fuels; and
 
Ø  growth in the fleet of flexible fuel vehicles capable of using E85 fuel.
Substantial investments required for these infrastructure changes and expansions may not be made or they may not be made on a timely basis. Any delay or failure in making the changes in or expansion of infrastructure could hurt the demand or prices for our products, impede our delivery of products, impose additional costs on us or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Our business is dependent on the continuing availability of infrastructure and any infrastructure disruptions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We engage in hedging transactions which involve risks that can harm our business.
In an attempt to offset some of the effects of volatility of ethanol prices and costs of commodities, we may enter into cash fixed-price contracts to supply a portion of our ethanol and distillers grains production or purchase a portion of our corn or natural gas requirements. We may use exchange-traded futures contracts and options to manage commodity risk. The impact of these activities depends upon, among other things, the prices involved and our ability to sell sufficient products to use all of the corn and natural gas for which we have futures contracts. Hedging arrangements also expose us to the risk of financial loss in situations where the other party to the hedging contract defaults on its contract or, in the case of exchange-traded contracts, where there is a change in the expected differential between the underlying price in the hedging agreement and the actual prices paid or received by us. Hedging activities can themselves result in losses when a position is purchased in a declining market or a position is sold in a rising market. A hedge position is often settled in the same time frame as the physical commodity is either purchased (corn and natural gas) or sold (ethanol). We may experience hedging losses in the future. We also vary the amount of hedging or other price mitigation strategies we undertake, and we may choose not to engage in hedging transactions at all and, as a result, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected by increases in the price of corn or natural gas or decreases in the price of ethanol.
Operational difficulties at our plants could negatively impact our sales volumes and could cause us to incur substantial losses.
Our operations are subject to labor disruptions, unscheduled downtime and other operational hazards inherent in our industry, such as equipment failures, fires, explosions, abnormal pressures, blowouts, pipeline ruptures, transportation accidents and natural disasters. Some of these operational hazards may cause personal injury or loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment or environmental damage, and may result in suspension of operations and the imposition of civil or
 
20


 

Risk factors
 
criminal penalties. Our insurance may not be adequate to fully cover the potential operational hazards described above or we may not be able to renew this insurance on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
Moreover, our plants may not operate as planned or expected. All of our plants have or will have a specified nameplate capacity which represents the production capacity specified in the applicable design-build agreement. The builder generally tests the capacity of the plant prior to the start of its operations. But based on our experience in operating similar plants, we generally expect our plants to produce in excess of their nameplate capacity. The operation of our plants is and will be, however, subject to various uncertainties relating to our ability to implement the necessary process improvements required to achieve these increased production capacities. As a result, our plants may not produce ethanol and distillers grains at the levels we expect. In the event any of our plants do not run at their nameplate or our increased expected capacity levels, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.
We may be adversely affected by environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and liabilities.
We are or will become subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground, the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials, and the health and safety of our employees. In particular, each ethanol plant we intend to operate will be subject to environmental regulation by the state in which the plant is located and by the U.S. EPA. These laws, regulations and permits can often require expensive pollution control equipment or operational changes to limit actual or potential impacts on the environment. A violation of these laws and regulations or permit conditions can result in substantial fines, natural resource damages, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns.
In addition, to construct and operate our ethanol plants, we will need to obtain and comply with a number of permit requirements. As a condition to granting necessary permits, regulators could make demands that increase our costs of construction and operations, in which case we could be forced to obtain additional debt or equity capital. Permit conditions could also restrict or limit the extent of our operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain and comply with all necessary permits to construct our ethanol plants. Failure to obtain and comply with all applicable permits and licenses could halt our construction and could subject us to future claims.
Environmental issues, such as contamination and compliance with applicable environmental standards could arise at any time during the construction and operation of our ethanol plants. If this occurs, it would require us to spend significant resources to remedy the issues and may delay or prevent construction or operation of our ethanol plants. This would significantly increase the cost of these projects. In addition, we have made, and expect to make, significant capital expenditures on an ongoing basis to comply with increasingly stringent environmental laws, regulations and permits.
We may be liable for the investigation and cleanup of environmental contamination at each of the properties that we own or operate and at off-site locations where we arrange for the disposal of hazardous substances. If these substances have been or are disposed of or released at sites that undergo investigation and/or remediation by regulatory agencies, we may be responsible under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, or CERCLA, or other environmental laws for all or part of the costs of investigation and/or remediation, and for damages to natural resources. We may also be subject to related claims by private parties, including our employees and property owners or residents near our plants, alleging property damage and personal injury due to exposure to hazardous or other materials at or from those plants. Additionally,
 
21


 

Risk factors
 
employees, property owners or residents near our ethanol plants could object to the air emissions or water discharges from our ethanol plants. Ethanol production has been known to produce an unpleasant odor. Environmental and public nuisance claims or toxic tort claims could be brought against us as a result of this odor or our other releases to the air or water. Some of these matters may require us to expend significant resources for investigation, cleanup, installation of control technologies or other compliance-related items, or other costs.
In addition, new laws, new interpretations of existing laws, increased governmental enforcement of environmental laws or other developments could require us to make additional significant expenditures. Continued government and public emphasis on environmental issues can be expected to result in increased future investments for environmental controls at our production facilities. For example, federal and state environmental authorities have recently been investigating alleged excess volatile organic compounds and other air emissions from certain U.S. ethanol plants. Present and future environmental laws and regulations (and interpretations thereof) applicable to our operations, more vigorous enforcement policies and discovery of currently unknown conditions may require substantial expenditures that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The hazards and risks associated with producing and transporting our products (such as fires, natural disasters, explosions, and abnormal pressures and blowouts) may also result in personal injury claims by third-parties or damage to property owned by us or by third-parties. As protection against operating hazards, we intend to maintain insurance coverage against some, but not all, potential losses. However, we could sustain losses for uninsurable or uninsured events, or in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. Events that result in significant personal injury to third-parties or damage to property owned by us or third-parties or other losses that are not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We do not own or control some of the assets we depend on to operate our business.
We are generally contractually obligated to sell 100% of the ethanol we produce at all of our existing and future plants to United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC, or UBE Fuels, an entity in which we only own a 50% equity interest. The other 50% is owned by CHS, Inc. UBE Fuels is governed by an amended and restated operating agreement, which provides for the designation of a manager to manage its business and affairs. Pursuant to the amended and restated operating agreement and the related management agreement, we, along with CHS, designated CHS as the manager of UBE Fuels. The management agreement provides CHS with broad authority to manage the business of UBE Fuels, subject to certain actions that CHS may not take without prior written approval of UBE Fuels. Because we do not manage UBE Fuels, our ability to control the marketing of our ethanol is limited, and we may be prevented from taking actions with respect to the marketing of our ethanol that we believe to be in our own best interests.
In addition, UBE Fuels leases approximately 800 railcars and employs the personnel upon which we rely to sell our ethanol. Our marketing agreement with UBE Fuels has an initial term through November 30, 2007, and thereafter will automatically renew for one-year additional terms, unless either party provides the other with ninety days’ written notice of non-renewal. If our marketing agreement with UBE Fuels is terminated, we may be unable to obtain replacement third-party marketing services on similar terms or at all or to acquire the railcars and develop the necessary internal resources to market our ethanol directly, and as a result, any such termination could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, in connection with the development of future ethanol plants, we may enter into joint venture arrangements with third-party entities to own and operate such facilities. For example, we
 
22


 

Risk factors
 
have entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to form a joint venture to construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Grinnell, Iowa. Under the terms of this letter of intent, we will each own 50% of the entity that will own the facility. If we own less than 100% of the entities that operate certain of our ethanol plants, we may be limited in our ability to operate the plant in a manner that maximizes benefits for us.
As we expand our ethanol production business, we may become limited in our ability to provide services to third-party ethanol producers.
We provide ethanol and distillers grains marketing, grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers. In the past, our services business was our sole source of revenue. As we expand our ethanol production business, third-party ethanol producers may desire to terminate their existing service arrangements with us due to competitive concerns. Similarly, it may become more difficult for us to attract new customers to our services business. If existing customers terminate their arrangements with us, or if potential customers increasingly refuse to engage our services, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.
Disruptions to infrastructure, or in the supply of fuel or natural gas, could materially and adversely affect our business.
Our business depends on the continuing availability of rail, road, port, storage and distribution infrastructure. Any disruptions in this infrastructure network, whether caused by earthquakes, storms, other natural disasters or human error or malfeasance, could have a material adverse effect on our business. We will rely upon third-parties to maintain the rail lines from our plants to the national rail network, and any failure on their part to maintain the lines could impede our delivery of products, impose additional costs on us and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our business also depends on the continuing availability of raw materials, including fuel and natural gas. The production of ethanol, from the planting of corn to the distribution of ethanol to refiners, is highly energy-intensive. Significant amounts of fuel and natural gas are required for the growing, fertilizing and harvesting of corn, as well as for the fermentation, distillation and transportation of ethanol and the drying of distillers grains. A serious disruption in supplies of fuel or natural gas, or significant increases in the prices of fuel or natural gas, could significantly reduce the availability of raw materials at our production facilities, increase our production costs and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our historical financial information is not comparable to our current financial condition and results of operations.
We did not engage in any revenue producing activities from our inception on October 28, 2004 through December 31, 2004. We also did not engage in any revenue producing activities during 2005 until we acquired UBE on May 1, 2005. As a result, our results of operations for periods subsequent to our acquisition of UBE are not comparable to our results of operations for prior periods.
We also did not produce any ethanol during 2004 or 2005, and all of our operating results during 2005 were attributable to the conduct of our services business after the consummation of the UBE acquisition on May 1, 2005.
We acquired our first operating ethanol plant, Platte Valley, on April 30, 2006 and effective May 1, 2006, we began recognizing revenue from the production of ethanol. As a result, our results of operations for periods subsequent to our acquisition of Platte Valley are not comparable to our results
 
23


 

Risk factors
 
of operations for prior periods. Moreover, we are currently expanding our Platte Valley facility and have eight other plants under construction or in development. As a result of the expansion of our ethanol production business, we expect that the primary source of revenue in the future will be the sale of ethanol and distillers grains. To the extent we acquire or develop additional production capacity, the comparability of our results of operations will be further limited.
Accordingly, our historical financial information and financial information for periods in which we experience a significant expansion of our ethanol production capacity may be of limited use in evaluating our financial performance and comparing it to other periods.
Our management’s time and attention will be divided among our ethanol plants, and our ethanol plants will be part of one common management strategy.
Our business model calls for us to form wholly-owned business entities to own each of our ethanol plants, which will be managed by a centralized management team. The demands on our management’s time from one ethanol plant may, from time to time, compete with the time and attention required for the operation of other ethanol plants. This division of our management’s time and attention among our ethanol plants may make it difficult for us to realize the maximum return from any one plant. Further, to reduce expenses and create efficiencies, we intend to manage each of our ethanol plants in a similar manner. This common management strategy may also result in difficulties in achieving the maximum return from any one plant. If our common management strategy is not successful or if we are not able to address the unique challenges of each ethanol plant, the impact of this arrangement likely will be spread among all of our ethanol plants, resulting in greater potential harm to our business than if each ethanol plant were operated independently.
Competition for qualified personnel in the ethanol industry is intense and we may not be able to hire and retain qualified personnel to operate our ethanol plants.
Our success depends in part on our ability to attract and retain competent personnel. For each of our plants, we must hire qualified managers, engineers, operations and other personnel, which can be challenging in a rural community. Competition for both managers and plant employees in the ethanol industry is intense, and we may not be able to attract and maintain qualified personnel. If we are unable to hire and maintain productive and competent personnel, our expansion strategy may be adversely affected, the amount of ethanol we produce may decrease and we may not be able to efficiently operate our ethanol plants and execute our business strategy.
Technological advances could significantly decrease the cost of producing ethanol or result in the production of higher-quality ethanol, and if we are unable to adopt or incorporate technological advances into our operations, our proposed ethanol plants could become uncompetitive or obsolete.
We expect that technological advances in the processes and procedures for processing ethanol will continue to occur. It is possible that those advances could make the processes and procedures that we intend to utilize at our ethanol plants less efficient or obsolete, or cause the ethanol we produce to be of a lesser quality. These advances could also allow our competitors to produce ethanol at a lower cost than us. If we are unable to adopt or incorporate technological advances, our ethanol production methods and processes could be less efficient than those of our competitors, which could cause our ethanol plants to become uncompetitive.
Ethanol production methods are also constantly advancing. The current trend in ethanol production research is to develop an efficient method of producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass such as agricultural waste, forest residue, and municipal solid waste. This trend is driven by the fact that
 
24


 

Risk factors
 
cellulose-based biomass is generally cheaper than corn and producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass would create opportunities to produce ethanol in areas that are unable to grow corn. Another trend in ethanol production research is to produce ethanol through a chemical process rather than a fermentation process, thereby significantly increasing the ethanol yield per pound of feedstock. Although current technology does not allow these production methods to be competitive, new technologies may develop that would allow these methods to become viable means of ethanol production in the future. If we are unable to adopt or incorporate these advances into our operations, our cost of producing ethanol could be significantly higher than those of our competitors, which could make our ethanol plants obsolete.
In addition, alternative fuels, additives and oxygenates are continually under development. Alternative fuel additives that can replace ethanol may be developed, which may decrease the demand for ethanol. It is also possible that technological advances in engine and exhaust system design and performance could reduce the use of oxygenates, which would lower the demand for ethanol and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.
Our existing debt financing agreements contain and our future debt financing agreements may contain restrictive covenants that limit distributions and impose restrictions on the operation of our business. Our failure, or the failure of any of our subsidiaries, to comply with applicable debt financing covenants and agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We will need a significant amount of additional debt financing to complete our projects and operate our ethanol plants following construction, but we may not be able to obtain additional debt financing on acceptable terms or at all.
The use of debt financing makes it more difficult for us to operate because we must make principal and interest payments on the indebtedness and abide by covenants contained in our debt financing agreements. The level of our debt may have important implications on our operations, including, among other things:
Ø  Limiting our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing;
 
Ø  Making us vulnerable to increases in prevailing interest rates;
 
Ø  Placing us at a competitive disadvantage because we may be substantially more leveraged than some of our competitors;
 
Ø  Subjecting all or substantially all of our assets to liens, which means that there may be no assets left for shareholders in the event of a liquidation;
 
Ø  Limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions, which could make us more vulnerable to a downturn in the general economic conditions of our business; and
 
Ø  Limiting our ability to make business and operational decisions regarding our business and our subsidiaries, including, among other things, limiting our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders, make capital improvements, sell or purchase assets or engage in transactions we deem to be appropriate and in our best interest.
The terms of our existing debt financing agreements contain, and any future debt financing agreement we enter into may contain, financial, maintenance, organizational, operational and other restrictive covenants. If we are unable to comply with these covenants or service our debt, we may lose control of our business and be forced to reduce or delay planned capital expenditures, sell assets, restructure our indebtedness or submit to foreclosure proceedings, all of which could result in a material adverse effect upon our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our debt arrangements may
 
25


 

Risk factors
 
also include subordinated debt, which may contain even more restrictions and be on less favorable terms than our senior debt. To secure subordinated debt, we may have to give the lender warrants, put rights, conversion rights, the right to take control of our business in the event of a default or other rights and benefits as the lender may require. This could further dilute your ownership interest in us.
We may secure our debt financing directly or through the wholly-owned subsidiary entities we have established to operate each of our ethanol plants. Regardless of the structure, our debt financing arrangements will contain various covenants and agreements and may contain cross-acceleration and cross-default provisions. Under these provisions, a default or acceleration of one debt agreement will result in the default and acceleration of our other debt agreements (regardless of whether we were in compliance with the terms of such other debt agreements), providing the lenders under such other debt agreements the right to accelerate the obligations due under such other debt agreements. Accordingly, a default, whether by us or any of our subsidiaries, could result in all of our outstanding debt becoming immediately due and payable. The application of cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions means that our compliance, and our subsidiaries’ compliance, with applicable debt covenants and agreements will be interdependent and one default (including a default by one of our subsidiaries) could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
For a description of our existing debt arrangements, see “Description of certain indebtedness.”
Our management and auditors have identified a material weakness and certain reportable conditions in the design or operation of our internal controls that, if not properly remediated, could result in material misstatements in our financial statements in future periods.
With respect to the audit of our 2004 and 2005 financial statements, our independent registered public accounting firm issued letters to the board of directors in which they identified a material weakness and certain other reportable conditions relating to our control over the financial reporting process. In their letters, our auditors defined a “reportable condition” as a matter relating to significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal control that, in our auditor’s judgment, could adversely affect our ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data consistent with the assertions of our management in the financial statements. Our auditors defined a “material weakness” as a reportable condition in which the design or operation of one or more of the internal control components does not reduce to a relatively low level the risk that misstatements caused by errors or fraud in amounts that would be material in relation to the financial statements being audited may occur and not be detected within a timely period by employees in the normal course of performing their assigned functions.
With respect to our 2005 audit, our auditors identified a material weakness relating to our accounting for certain transactions, including business combinations, leases and transactions relating to stock-based compensation, plant construction and debt restructuring. Due to our inability to identify or properly record these transactions in a timely manner, numerous audit adjustments were required, including an increase in our net loss for 2005 of approximately $3.1 million, indicating that our monthly internal financial statements may not have been reliable. In addition, our auditors identified “reportable conditions” relating to the untimely recording of accounts payable, accounts receivable and inventory, inconsistencies in our general ledger, intercompany account imbalances and improper recording of accounts receivable.
With respect to our 2004 audit, our auditors identified a reportable condition relating to the inadequate segregation of accounting and financial duties within US Bio Resource Group, the company that provided us with management and administrative services, including accounting services. On
 
26


 

Risk factors
 
November 17, 2005, we terminated the administrative services agreement with US Bio Resource Group.
In connection with Platte Valley’s 2004 audit, its auditors identified internal control deficiencies relating to the separation of accounting functions, the duties of Platte Valley’s controllers and Platte Valley’s accounting procedures manual. We acquired Platte Valley on April 30, 2006.
In response to these matters, we need to implement additional financial and management controls and hire additional or more experienced accounting and finance staff experienced in addressing complex accounting matters applicable to public companies. If we are unable to improve our financial and management controls, and hire additional accounting and finance staff members experienced in addressing complex accounting matters applicable to public companies, in each case in a timely and effective manner, our ability to comply with the accounting and financial reporting requirements and other rules that apply to public companies would be impaired.
If the remedial policies and procedures we implement are insufficient to address the identified material weakness, or if additional significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal controls are discovered in the future, we may fail to meet our future reporting obligations, our financial statements may contain material misstatements and our operating results may be adversely affected. Any such failure could also adversely affect the results of the periodic management evaluations and annual auditor attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our “internal control over financial reporting,” which will be required once the SEC’s rules under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 become applicable to us.
As a result of this offering, we will be subject to financial reporting and other requirements for which our accounting, internal audit and other management systems and resources may not be adequately prepared.
As a result of this offering, we will become subject to reporting and other obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, including the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 requires annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a report by our independent auditors addressing these assessments. These reporting and other obligations will place significant demands on our management, administrative, operational, internal audit and accounting resources. We do not have an internal audit function and our board of directors has not had a standing audit committee. We anticipate that we will need to upgrade our systems, implement additional financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures, implement an internal audit function and hire additional accounting, internal audit and finance staff. If we are unable to accomplish these objectives in a timely and effective fashion, our ability to comply with our financial reporting requirements and other rules that apply to reporting companies could be impaired. Any failure to maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We are a holding company and there are limitations on our ability to receive distributions from our subsidiaries.
We conduct all of our operations through subsidiaries and are dependent upon dividends or other intercompany transfers of funds from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations. Moreover, substantially all of our subsidiaries are currently, or are expected in the future to be, limited in their ability to pay dividends by the terms of their financing agreements. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
 
27


 

Risk factors
 
RISKS RELATED TO THIS OFFERING
There is no existing market for our common stock, and if one does not develop, you may not have adequate liquidity.
Before this offering, there has not been a public market for our common stock, and there are few public companies with substantial ethanol operations. We cannot predict the extent to which investor interest in our company will lead to the development of an active trading market on The NASDAQ Global Market or otherwise or how liquid that market might become, especially if few stock analysts follow our stock or issue research reports concerning our business or the ethanol industry in general. If an active trading market does not develop, you may have difficulty selling any shares that you buy.
The initial public offering price for the shares included in this offering will be determined by negotiations between us and the representatives of the underwriters and may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the open market following this offering. Consequently, you may not be able to sell your shares at prices equal to or greater than the price you pay in this offering.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile, which could cause the value of your investment to decline significantly.
Securities markets worldwide experience significant price and volume fluctuations, in response to general economic and market conditions and their effect on various industries. This market volatility could cause the price of our common stock to decline significantly without regard to our operating performance. In addition, the market price of our common stock could decline significantly if our future operating results fail to meet or exceed the expectations of public market analysts and investors.
The volatility in our stock price could be based on various factors in addition to those otherwise described in this prospectus, including:
Ø  actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;
 
Ø  actual or anticipated changes in our growth rates or our competitors’ growth rates;
 
Ø  conditions in our industry generally;
 
Ø  conditions in the financial markets in general or changes in general economic conditions;
 
Ø  our ability to raise additional capital;
 
Ø  changes in market prices for ethanol or distillers grains or for our raw materials such as corn or natural gas; and
 
Ø  changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding our common stock, other comparable companies or our industry generally.
As a result of these and other factors, you may be unable to resell your shares of our common stock at or above the initial public offering price.
A substantial number of shares of our common stock will become eligible for sale in the public market 180 days after the date of this offering, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline.
Our officers and directors and certain of our existing shareholders and holders of options exercisable within 180 days of the date of this offering have agreed with the underwriters not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of their shares for a period of 180 days after the date of this offering. When these lock-up agreements expire, these shares and the shares underlying any options held by these individuals will become eligible for sale, in some cases subject only to the volume, manner of sale and notice
 
28


 

Risk factors
 
requirements of Rule 144 of the Securities Act. Sales of a substantial number of these shares in the public market after this offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. In addition, the sale of these shares could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. See “Shares eligible for future sale” for further discussion of the shares that will be freely tradable 180 days after the date of this offering.
The book value of shares of common stock purchased in the offering will be immediately diluted.
Investors who purchase common stock in the offering will suffer immediate dilution of $           per share in the as adjusted net tangible book value per share. See “Dilution” for further discussion of how your ownership interest in us will be immediately diluted.
Our existing shareholders will exert significant influence over us after the completion of this offering. Their interests may not coincide with yours and they may make decisions with which you may disagree.
After this offering, Gordon Ommen, our chief executive officer, Ron Fagen and CHS Inc. will beneficially own approximately           %,           % and           % of our outstanding common stock, respectively, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders, i.e., shareholders holding more than 5% of our common stock, including Gordon Ommen, Ron Fagen and CHS Inc., will together control approximately           % of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these shareholders, acting individually or together, could significantly influence our management and affairs and all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company and might affect the market price of our common stock.
Provisions in our charter documents and South Dakota law may delay or prevent our acquisition by a third-party.
Our articles of incorporation, as amended, our bylaws and South Dakota law contain several provisions that may make it substantially more difficult for a third-party to acquire control of us without the approval of our board of directors. This may make it more difficult or expensive for a third-party to acquire a majority of our outstanding common stock. These provisions also may delay, prevent or deter a merger, acquisition, tender offer, proxy contest or other transaction that might otherwise result in our shareholders receiving a premium over the market price for their common stock.
Our ability to designate the rights and preferences of undesignated preferred stock could result in the issuance of stock with rights and preferences that are superior to those of your shares, which could reduce the value of your investment.
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation will authorize our board of directors to designate by resolution, different classes and/or series of stock from the 75,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized. Our board of directors is also empowered to fix the relative rights, preferences, privileges and limitations of each class or series of preferred stock. This means that our board of directors may issue shares of preferred stock with rights and preferences, including, among other things, dividend, liquidation and voting rights, that are superior to the rights, preferences and privileges of the shares included in this offering. In addition, we may issue other securities, such as convertible promissory notes, that may have rights and preferences that are superior to those of the shares of our common stock. In addition, our board of directors has the ability, without further shareholder approval, to issue additional shares of our common stock and securities exercisable for, convertible into or exchangeable
 
29


 

Risk factors
 
for shares of our authorized capital stock. The ability of our board of directors to designate the rights and preferences of the preferred stock could impede or deter an unsolicited tender offer, merger or takeover of our business, or make a change of control of our company difficult to accomplish. In addition, the issuance of shares of our common stock or other securities having rights and preferences superior to those of the shares of common stock being offered could reduce the value of our common stock.
We may be a United States real property holding corporation, in which case non-U.S. investors may be subject to U.S. federal income tax (including withholding tax) in connection with the disposition of our shares, and U.S. investors selling our shares may be required to certify as to their status in order to avoid withholding.
A non-U.S. holder of our common stock will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax with respect to distributions made by us that are treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Moreover, a non-U.S. holder of our common stock not otherwise subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain from the sale or other disposition of our common stock may nevertheless be subject to U.S. federal income tax with respect to such sale or other disposition if we are, or have been, a United States real property holding corporation at any time within the five-year period preceding the disposition (or the non-U.S. holder’s holding period if shorter). Generally, a corporation is a U.S. real property holding corporation at any time the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests as defined in the Code and applicable regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we may be a “United States real property holding corporation” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code.
Certain non-U.S. holders of our common stock may be eligible for an exception to the foregoing general rule if our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market during the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs and the non-U.S. holder holds no more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, directly or indirectly, during the relevant period (the “5% exception”). If we are a United States real property holding corporation during the relevant time period, and the 5% exception does not apply, the buyer or other transferee of our common stock will generally be required to withhold tax at the rate of 10% on the sales price or other amount realized, unless the transferor furnishes an affidavit certifying that it is not a foreign person in the manner and form specified in the applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. See “Material U.S. federal income tax considerations for Non-U.S. Holders.”
 
30


 

 
Special note regarding forward-looking statements
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that are not statements of historical fact and may involve a number of risks and uncertainties. These statements relate to analyses and other information that are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements also relate to our future prospects, developments and business strategies.
We have used the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project” and similar words or phrases, including references to assumptions, to identify forward-looking statements in this prospectus, but the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements are made based on our expectations and beliefs concerning future events affecting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed in or implied by these forward-looking statements.
We do not undertake any responsibility to release publicly any revisions to these forward-looking statements to take into account events or circumstances that occur after the date of this prospectus. Additionally, we do not undertake any responsibility to update you on the occurrence of any unanticipated events which may cause actual results to differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus.
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations are disclosed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus, including, without limitation, in conjunction with the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus. As stated elsewhere in this prospectus, such factors include, among others:
Ø  our ability to implement our expansion strategy as planned or at all;
 
Ø  the volatility and uncertainty of commodity prices;
 
Ø  changes in current legislation or regulations that affect the demand for ethanol;
 
Ø  changes in ethanol supply and demand;
 
Ø  our ability to compete effectively in the industry;
 
Ø  our limited operating history and history of operating losses;
 
Ø  our ability to successfully locate and integrate future acquisitions;
 
Ø  development of infrastructure related to the sale and distribution of ethanol;
 
Ø  the results of our hedging transactions;
 
Ø  operational difficulties at our ethanol plants;
 
Ø  the adverse effect of environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and liabilities;
 
Ø  our less than 100% ownership of and control over certain assets used in our business;
 
Ø  our ability to provide services to competing third-party producers;
 
Ø  disruptions to infrastructure or in the supply of raw materials;
 
Ø  the limited use of our historical financial information in evaluating our performance;
 
Ø  the division of our management’s time and energy among our different ethanol plants;
 
31


 

Special note regarding forward-looking statements
 
Ø  intense competition for qualified personnel in the ethanol industry;
 
Ø  our ability to keep pace with technological advances;
 
Ø  the restrictive covenants in our debt financing agreements;
 
Ø  the material weakness and reportable conditions identified in our internal controls; and
 
Ø  our status as a holding company.
 
32


 

 
Use of proceeds
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $           million assuming an initial public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Hankinson, Dyersville, Grinnell, Janesville and Springfield facilities at an estimated aggregate cost of $620.0 million, with the balance of $          expected to come from cash on hand, cash generated by our operations and borrowings under existing and additional credit facilities. The amounts and timing of our construction expenditures will depend on numerous factors, including the receipt of required additional funding, the federal, state and local permitting and licensing process, the construction schedules of our contractors, the delivery of goods and equipment by our suppliers and various other considerations typically associated with large-scale construction projects.
We will also use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to prepay $6.8 million of outstanding subordinated debt, including interest and prepayment penalties, and for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions, working capital and the repayment of short-term debt. The subordinated debt bears interest at 14.50% and matures on December 19, 2016. We incurred this subordinated debt on December 19, 2005 to pay for a portion of the construction of our Albert City facility.
Assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us in connection with the offering, a $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the amount of proceeds from this offering available to be used for the construction of ethanol plants, the prepayment of subordinated debt and general corporate purposes by $           million.
Pending any ultimate use of any portion of the proceeds from this offering, we intend to invest the proceeds in a variety of capital preservation investments, including short-term, interest-bearing instruments such as U.S. government securities.
 
33


 

 
Dividend policy
The payment of dividends is within the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our earnings, capital requirements and operating and financial position, among other factors. We expect to retain all of our earnings to finance the expansion and development of our business, and we have not paid, and we currently have no plans to pay, cash dividends to our shareholders after this offering. The existing debt financing agreements of our subsidiaries limit their ability to pay dividends to us, and in turn may restrict our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
In the future, we may enter into debt financing or other agreements that limit our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders or limit the ability of our existing and future subsidiaries to pay dividends to us.
 
34


 

 
Capitalization
The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalents and capitalization as of March 31, 2006:
Ø  on an actual basis; and
 
Ø  on an as adjusted basis to give further effect to (i) the sale of the shares of common stock by us in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses to be paid by us and (ii) the prepayment of $6.8 million of subordinated debt as described under “Use of proceeds.”
You should read this table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.
                       
    As of March 31, 2006
     
    Actual   As adjusted(1)
 
    (in thousands, except
    share and per share amounts)
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 95,088     $    
             
Total Debt:
               
 
Platte Valley senior secured credit facility
          (2 )
 
Albert City senior secured credit facility
          (2 )
 
Woodbury senior secured credit facility
             
 
LaSalle senior secured credit facility
    2,925          
 
14.50% subordinated credit facilities
    6,250          
 
Note payable
    315          
 
Community redevelopment revenue bonds
             
             
     
Total debt
  $ 9,490     $    
             
Shareholders’ equity:
               
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding
             
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 400,000,000 shares authorized; 173,708,750 shares issued and outstanding, actual;            shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted
    1,737          
 
Additional paid in capital
    206,506          
 
Retained earnings (deficit)
    (5,663 )        
             
 
Total shareholders’ equity
    202,580          
             
   
Total capitalization
  $ 212,070     $    
             
 
35


 

Capitalization
 
 
(1) A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $           per common share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) each of cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital, total shareholders’ equity and total capitalization by $                     million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The as adjusted information discussed above is illustrative only and following completion of this offering will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.
 
(2) Does not include an aggregate of $                    outstanding under our Woodbury and Albert City credit facilities as of                     . No amounts were outstanding under these credit facilities as of March 31, 2006.
The table above excludes the following:
Ø                       shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding as of                     , at a weighted average exercise price of            per share, of which options to purchase                      shares were exercisable as of that date;
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock available for future grant under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan as of                                                                               and                      shares of our common stock that may be purchased under our 2006 Stock Purchase Plan as of                     ; and
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock that may be purchased by the underwriters to cover over- allotments, if any.
 
36


 

 
Dilution
If you invest in our common stock, you will experience dilution to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share you pay in this offering and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.
Our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2006 was approximately $189.3 million, or approximately $1.09 per share of common stock. We calculate net tangible book value per share by dividing our net tangible book value, which is equal to our total assets less intangible assets (including goodwill and unamortized debt issuance costs) and total liabilities, by the number of shares outstanding as of March 31, 2006.
After giving effect to the sale of the                      shares of common stock we are offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and our estimated offering expenses, our as adjusted net tangible book value would have been approximately $                     million, or approximately $           per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of approximately $           per share to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of approximately $           per share to new investors, or approximately           % of the offering price of $           per share. The following table illustrates this calculation on a per share basis:
                   
Assumed initial public offering price per share
          $    
 
Net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2006
  $ 1.09          
 
Increase in the net tangible book value per share attributable to the offering
               
             
Adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering
               
             
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors
          $    
             
Assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us in connection with the offering, a $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $           per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the increase in net tangible book value attributable to this offering by $           per share and the dilution to new investors by $           per share and decrease (increase) the adjusted net tangible book deficit after this offering by $           per share.
The following table summarizes, on an as adjusted basis as of March 31, 2006, after giving effect to this offering, the total number of shares of our common stock purchased from us and the total consideration and average price per share paid by existing shareholders and by new investors:
                                           
    Shares purchased   Total consideration   Average price
    Number   %   Amount   %   per share
 
    (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Existing shareholders
    173,708,750             %   $ 204,734             %   $ 1.18  
New investors
                                  $    
                               
 
Total
            100.0 %             100.0 %        
                               
The tables and calculations above are based on shares outstanding as of March 31, 2006 and exclude:
Ø                       shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding as of                     , at a weighted average exercise price of                      per share, of which options to purchase                      shares were exercisable as of that date;
 
37


 

Dilution
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock available for future grant under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan as of                                                                               and                      shares of our common stock that may be purchased under our 2006 Stock Purchase Plan as of                     ; and
 
Ø                       shares of our common stock that may be purchased by the underwriters to cover over- allotments, if any.
 
38


 

 
Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data
The historical information in the following tables is derived from:
Ø  our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2005 and unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006, in each case included elsewhere in this prospectus;
 
Ø  Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2005 and unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006, in each case included elsewhere in this prospectus;
 
Ø  United Bio Energy, LLC’s audited consolidated financial statements for the period from January 1 to April 30, 2005 included elsewhere in this prospectus; and
 
Ø  US BioWoodbury, LLC’s (formerly known as Superior Corn Products, LLC’s) audited financial statements for the period from January 1 to April 30, 2005 included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2005 and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 have been prepared to give pro forma effect, in the case of the statement of operations data, as if the following transactions had occurred on January 1, 2005, and, in the case of the balance sheet data, as if they had occurred on March 31, 2006:
Ø  the acquisition of the Platte Valley and Val-E facilities in April 2006;
 
Ø  the sale of a 50% interest in UBE Fuels to CHS Inc. on March 31, 2006;
 
Ø  the acquisition of the Woodbury facility in April 2005; and
 
Ø  the acquisition of United Bio Energy in May 2005.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements reflect pro forma adjustments that are described in the accompanying footnotes and are based on available information and certain assumptions we believe are reasonable, but are subject to change. The pro forma consolidated information is not necessarily indicative of the results which actually would have occurred if the transactions had been consummated at the beginning of the period presented, nor does it purport to represent the future balance sheet data or results of operations as of any future date or for any future period. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information should be read in conjunction with “Selected historical consolidated financial data,” “Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC”, “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC” and the consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
39


 

Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data
 
                                     
    Three months ended March 31, (unaudited)
     
    2006   2006       2006
            Pro forma    
    US BioEnergy   Platte Valley   adjustments   Pro forma
 
    (in thousands, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
                               
Revenues:
                               
 
Product sales
  $ 3,945     $ 24,100     $     $ 28,045  
 
Services and commissions
    2,074             (285 ) (a)     1,789  
                         
 
Total revenues
    6,019       24,100       (285 )     29,834  
                         
Cost of goods sold:
                               
 
Cost of product sales
    3,870       17,038       (128 ) (a,b)   $ 20,780  
 
Cost of services and commissions
    1,525                   1,525  
                         
 
Total cost of goods sold
    5,395       17,038       (128 )     22,305  
                         
   
Gross profit
    624       7,062       (157 )     7,529  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    2,182       1,617       (65 ) (a)     3,734  
                         
 
Operating income (loss)
    (1,558 )     5,445       (92 )     3,795  
Other income (expense):
                               
 
Interest expense
    (48 )     (324 )           (372 )
 
Interest income
    214       297             511  
 
Other income
    14       3             17  
 
Minority interest in net (income) loss of subsidiary
          (14 )     14 (c)        
                      28 (d)     28  
                         
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (1,378 )     5,407       (50 )     3,979  
Income tax expense
                (1,500 ) (e)     (1,500 )
                         
Net income (loss)
  $ (1,378 )   $ 5,407     $ (1,550 )   $ 2,479  
                         
Per Share Data:
                               
Earnings (loss) per common share
                               
 
Basic
  $ (0.01 )                   $ 0.01  
 
Diluted
  $ (0.01 )                   $ 0.01  
Weighted average common shares outstanding
                               
 
Basic
    123,920               51,205 (f)     175,125  
 
Diluted
    123,920               54,556 (f)     178,476  
(footnotes on following page)
 
40


 

Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data
 
                                 
    March 31, (unaudited)
     
    2006   2006       2006
            Pro forma    
    US BioEnergy   Platte Valley   adjustments   Pro forma
 
    (in thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 95,088     $ 16,371     $ (40,000 ) (g)   $ 71,459  
Receivables
    24,567       2,384       (2,143 ) (h)     24,808  
Inventories
    16,940       2,517             19,457  
Other current assets
    681       456             1,137  
Goodwill
    10,100             89,875 (i)     99,975  
Other assets
    3,499       790             4,289  
Property and equipment
    97,530       65,265       6,081 (j)     168,876  
                         
Total assets
    248,405       87,783       53,813       390,001  
                         
Accounts payable
    7,438       3,244       (2,143 ) (h)     8,539  
Other current liabilities
    29,225       5,386             34,611  
Long-term debt
    6,250       21,005             27,255  
Other liabilities
    512             2,311 (k)     2,823  
Deferred gain
    1,764                   1,764  
Minority interests in subsidiaries
    636       12,384       (12,384 ) (f)     636  
Shareholders’ equity
    202,580       45,764       66,029 (f)     314,373  
                         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 248,405     $ 87,783     $ 53,813     $ 390,001  
                         
 
(a) This adjustment eliminates the commissions and fees that UBE charged Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC for ethanol marketing, grain procurement and facilities management services.
 
(b) As a result of US BioEnergy’s purchase of Platte Valley the depreciation expense for Platte Valley is adjusted by $92 thousand to reflect the fair market values assigned to the assets.
 
(c) This adjustment is made to eliminate the minority interest in net loss of Val-E Ethanol, LLC.
 
(d) This adjustment is made to record the 50% minority interest in the net loss of UBE Fuels, LLC.
 
(e) In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” the tax effect of the pro forma adjustments has been calculated using the statutory tax rates, net of any required valuation allowance.
 
(f) On April 30, 2006, we issued 44,999,981 shares of US BioEnergy stock to the former owners of Platte Valley. At the time, Platte Valley owned 50.2% of Val-E Ethanol, LLC. Concurrently with the closing of the Platte Valley transaction, we issued 6,205,000 shares to purchase the remaining 49.8% interest in Val-E. This adjustment assumes these shares were outstanding for the entire period.
 
(g) This adjustment represents the cash that we paid to acquire Platte Valley.
 
(h) This adjustment eliminates the open accounts receivable and accounts payable balance between UBE and Platte Valley.
 
(i) This adjustment reflects the increase in goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The allocation of the Platte Valley purchase price (primarily goodwill and other intangibles) is reflected based on estimates. Therefore, based on the outcome of our further assessment, the purchase price allocation is subject to adjustment.
 
(j) This adjustment reflects the estimated increase in value of Platte Valley’s property and equipment over its carrying value.
 
(k) This adjustment reflects the estimated impact of deferred income taxes resulting from the Platte Valley transaction.
 
41


 

Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data
 
                                                   
    Year ended                
    December 31,   January 1 to   January 1 to       Year ended
        April 30,   April 30,       December 31,
    2005   2005   2005   2005       2005
                         
    US       US Bio   United   Pro forma    
    BioEnergy   Platte Valley   Woodbury   BioEnergy   adjustments   Pro forma
 
    (unaudited)   (unaudited)
    (in thousands, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
                                               
Revenues:
                                               
 
Product sales
  $ 9,633     $ 84,581     $     $ 3,592     $     $ 97,806  
 
Services and commissions
    6,782                   2,849       (1,644 ) (a)     7,987  
 
Other revenue, incentive income
          5,109                         5,109  
                                     
 
Total revenues
    16,415       89,690             6,441       (1,644 )     110,902  
                                     
Cost of goods sold:
                                               
 
Cost of product sales
    9,467       66,347             3,489       (541 ) (a,b)     78,762  
 
Cost of services and commissions
    3,520                   2,926             6,446  
                                     
 
Total cost of goods sold
    12,987       66,347             6,415       (541 )     85,208  
                                     
 
Gross profit
    3,428       23,343             26       (1,103 )     25,694  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    8,016       1,776       101       1,043       (608 ) (a,c)     10,328  
                                     
Operating income (loss)
    (4,588 )     21,567       (101 )     (1,017 )     (495 )     15,366  
 
Other income (expense)
                                               
 
Interest expense
    (467 )     (1,559 )           (119 )           (2,145 )
 
Interest income
    319       301       1                   621  
 
Other income
    104       31                         135  
 
Minority interest in net loss of subsidiary
          38                   (38 )(d)      
                                      558 (e)     558  
                                     
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (4,632 )     20,378       (100 )     (1,136 )     25       14,535  
Income tax benefit (expense)
    401                         (5,901 ) (f)     (5,500 )
                                     
Net income (loss)
  $ (4,231 )   $ 20,378     $ (100 )   $ (1,136 )   $ (5,876 )   $ 9,035  
                                     
Per Share Data:
                                               
Earnings (loss) per common share
                                               
 
Basic
  $ (0.09 )                                   $ 0.09  
 
Diluted
  $ (0.09 )                                   $ 0.09  
Weighted average common shares outstanding
                                               
 
Basic
    44,728 (g)                             53,585 (g)     98,313  
 
Diluted
    44,728 (g)                             53,585 (g)     98,313  
 
(a) This adjustment eliminates the commissions and fees that UBE charged Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC for ethanol market, grain procurement and facilities management services.
 
(b) As a result of US BioEnergy’s purchase of Platte Valley the depreciation expense for Platte Valley is adjusted by $370 thousand to reflect the increase of fair market values of the assets acquired.
 
(c) Amortization expense has been adjusted by $125 thousand to reflect the increase in the fair value of the assets under purchase accounting related to our acquisition of United BioEnergy on May 1, 2005.
 
(d) This adjustment is made to eliminate the minority interest in net loss of Val-E Ethanol, LLC.
 
(e) This adjustment is made to record the 50% minority interest in the net loss of UBE Fuels.
(footnotes continued on following page)
 
42


 

Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data
 
(f) In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” the tax effect of the pro forma adjustments has been calculated using statutory rates, net of any required valuation allowance.
 
(g) On April 30, 2006, we issued 44,999,981 shares of US BioEnergy common stock to the former owners of Platte Valley. At the time, Platte Valley owned 50.2% of Val-E Ethanol. Concurrently with the closing of the Platte Valley transaction, we issued 6,205,000 shares to purchase the remaining 49.8% interest in Val-E. In April and May 2005 we issued 599,392 and 1,780,822 shares of our common stock to the former owners of Superior Corn Products LLC for our Woodbury facility and United BioEnergy, respectively. This adjustment assumes the shares were outstanding for the entire period.
 
43


 

 
Selected historical consolidated financial data
We were incorporated on October 28, 2004. On May 1, 2005, we acquired all the outstanding member interests of United Bio Energy, LLC, or UBE, and became the successor to UBE for accounting purposes. On January 1, 2004, ICM Marketing, Inc., or ICM Marketing, transferred its operations to UBE, which became the successor to ICM Marketing for accounting purposes. As a result, the selected financial data include the activities of the two predecessor companies and US BioEnergy, the successor company, as of and for the periods presented.
The following selected historical consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and for the period from October 28 to December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following selected historical consolidated financial data for US BioEnergy as of March 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The following selected historical consolidated financial data for UBE as of December 31, 2004 and for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1 to April 30, 2005 have been derived from UBE’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following selected historical consolidated financial data for UBE for the three months ended March 31, 2005 have been derived from UBE’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The following selected historical consolidated financial data for ICM Marketing for the year ended December 31, 2003 have been derived from ICM Marketing’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following selected historical consolidated financial data for ICM Marketing as of December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 and for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2002 have been derived from ICM Marketing’s unaudited financial statements not included in this prospectus.
In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for those periods. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of the full year or any future period.
The information contained in this table should be read in conjunction with the information contained in “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and the historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
44


 

Selected historical consolidated financial data
 
                                                                                       
        United Bio       United Bio   US   United Bio    
    ICM Marketing   Energy   US BioEnergy   Energy   BioEnergy   Energy   US BioEnergy
    (predecessor)   (predecessor)   (successor)   (predecessor)   (successor)   (predecessor)   (successor)
                             
    Years ended                   For the three months ended
        Year ended   October 28 to   January 1 to   Year ended    
    December 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,   April 30,   December 31,   March 31,   March 31,   March 31,
    2001   2002   2003   2004   2004   2005   2005   2005   2005   2006
 
    (unaudited)   (unaudited)       (unaudited)   (unaudited)   (unaudited)
     
    (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
             
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
                                                                               
Revenues:
                                                                               
 
Product sales
  $ 31,204     $ 24,738     $ 34,107     $ 30,777     $     $ 3,592     $ 9,633     $ 2,637     $     $ 3,945  
 
Services and commissions
    413       626       1,057       4,876             2,849       6,782       1,858             2,074  
                                                             
   
Total revenues
    31,617       25,364       35,164       35,653             6,441       16,415       4,495             6,019  
                                                             
Cost of goods sold:
                                                                               
 
Cost of product sales
    30,372       24,465       33,747       30,412             3,489       9,467       2,566             3,870  
 
Cost of services and commissions
    737       773       968       3,209             2,926       3,520       2,353             1,525  
                                                             
   
Total cost of goods sold
    31,109       25,238       34,715       33,621             6,415       12,987       4,919             5,395  
                                                             
     
Gross profit (loss)
    508       126       449       2,032             26       3,428       (424 )           624  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    390       379       682       2,714       55       1,043       8,016       682       355       2,182  
                                                             
   
Operating income (loss)
    118       (253 )     (233 )     (682 )     (55 )     (1,017 )     (4,588 )     (1,106 )     (355 )     (1,558 )
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
 
Interest expense
    (104 )     (142 )     (74 )     (219 )           (119 )     (467 )     (91 )           (48 )
 
Interest income
                              1             319             2       214  
 
Other income
                      54                   104                   14  
                                                             
Income (loss) before income taxes
    14       (395 )     (307 )     (847 )     (54 )     (1,136 )     (4,632 )     (1,197 )     (353 )     (1,378 )
 
Income tax benefit
                                        401                    
                                                             
Net income (loss)
  $ 14     $ (395 )   $ (307 )   $ (847 )   $ (54 )   $ (1,136 )   $ (4,231 )   $ (1,197 )   $ (353 )   $ (1,378 )
                                                             
Pro forma amounts as if the Company were a taxable entity (unaudited):
                                                                               
Pro forma income tax (expense) benefit
  $ (5 )   $ 5     $     $     $     $     $ 401     $     $     $  
Pro forma net income (loss)
  $ 9     $ (390 )   $ (307 )   $ (847 )   $ (54 )   $ (1,136 )   $ (4,231 )   $ (1,197 )   $ (353 )   $ (1,378 )
Per Share Data:
                                                                               
Earnings (loss) per common share(1)
                                                                               
   
Basic
                                  $ (0.02 )           $ (0.09 )           $ (0.03 )   $ (0.01 )
   
Diluted
                                  $ (0.02 )           $ (0.09 )           $ (0.03 )   $ (0.01 )
Weighted average common shares outstanding(1)(2)
                                                                               
   
Basic
                                    3,231               44,728               10,750       123,920  
   
Diluted
                                    3,231               44,728               10,750       123,920  
                                                                                 
        United Bio   US   US   US            
    ICM Marketing   Energy   BioEnergy   BioEnergy   BioEnergy            
                                 
    (predecessor)   (predecessor)   (successor)   (successor)   (successor)            
                                 
    December 31,                
        March 31,            
    2001   2002   2003   2004   2004   2005   2006            
             
    (unaudited)     (unaudited)   (unaudited)       (unaudited)            
                                 
    (dollars in thousands)            
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
                                                                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 889     $ 878     $ 716     $ 412     $ 758     $ 40,450     $ 95,088                          
Working capital (deficit)
    190       (194 )     383       (692 )     560       34,980       100,613                          
Total assets
    6,773       8,007       9,486       22,641       1,391       156,822       248,405                          
Debt(3)
    1,955       958       1,368       6,671             6,565       9,490                          
Shareholders’ equity (deficit)
    396       1       (1 )     703       1,192       102,450       202,580                          
Statement of Cash Flows Data:
                                                                               
Capital expenditures
    42       38       188       682       441       53,388       30,534                          
(footnotes continued on following page)
 
(1) Due to the significant change in capital structure at the closing of our May 1, 2005 acquisition of UBE, the predecessor amount has not been presented because it is not considered comparable to the amounts for US BioEnergy.
 
45


 

Selected historical consolidated financial data
 
(2) Weighted average numbers of shares of common stock outstanding during 2004 and 2005 is based on the aggregate number of shares of class A common stock and class B common stock outstanding during these periods. Our class A common stock and class B common stock were identical except with respect to the voting rights. During 2005, all of the outstanding class B common stock was converted into class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. Prior to the consummation of this offering, we intend to amend and restate our articles of incorporation to provide for only one class of common stock.
 
(3) Represents total debt, including short-term notes payable and any amounts outstanding under our senior secured credit facilities.
 
46


 

 
Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
The following table sets forth selected historical consolidated financial data for Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, or Platte Valley, as of the dates and for the periods indicated. Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol was organized in December 2002 to build and operate a 50 mmgy production ethanol plant, which became operational in May 2004. We acquired Platte Valley on April 30, 2006. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been derived from Platte Valley’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2003 have been derived from Platte Valley’s unaudited consolidated financial statements not included in this prospectus. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of March 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from Platte Valley’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for those periods. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of the full year or any future period.
The information contained in this table should be read in conjunction with the information contained in “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC” and Platte Valley’s historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
47


 

Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
                                           
        Three months ended
    Year ended December 31,   March 31,
         
    2003   2004   2005   2005   2006
 
    (unaudited)
    (dollars in thousands)
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
                                       
Revenues:
                                       
Product sales
  $     $ 47,718     $ 84,581     $ 20,405     $ 24,100  
Other revenues, incentive income
          8,188       5,109       1,963        
                               
 
Total revenues
          55,906       89,690       22,368       24,100  
Cost of goods sold, product sales
          46,917       66,347       16,448       17,038  
                               
 
Gross profit
          8,989       23,343       5,920       7,062  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    43       1,320       1,776       247       1,617  
                               
 
Operating income (loss)
    (43 )     7,669       21,567       5,673       5,445  
Other income (expense)
                                       
 
Interest expense
          (1,681 )     (1,559 )     (114 )     (324 )
 
Interest income
    21       2       301             297  
 
Other income
          12       31       3       3  
Minority interest in net loss (income) of subsidiary
                38             (14 )
                               
Net income (loss)
  $ (22 )   $ 6,002     $ 20,378     $ 5,562     $ 5,407  
                               
Pro forma amounts as if the company were a taxable entity (unaudited):
                                       
 
Pro forma income tax expense
  $     $ 2,200     $ 7,700     $ 2,100     $ 2,000  
 
Pro forma net income (loss)
    (22 )     3,802       12,678       3,462       3,407  
                                 
    December 31,    
        March 31,
    2003   2004   2005   2006
 
    (unaudited)       (unaudited)
    (dollars in thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 723     $ 3,738     $ 20,552     $ 16,371  
Working capital (deficit)
    (9,721 )     912       18,451       13,098  
Total assets
    31,846       66,931       81,097       87,783  
Debt
    2,500       32,696       25,188       24,413  
Shareholders’ equity
    19,168       31,479       50,357       45,764  
 
Statement of Cash Flows Data:
                               
Depreciation and amortization
          2,820       4,432       1,101  
Capital expenditures
    21,306       35,553       3,820       10,790  
 
48


 

Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
                                   
    Years ended   Three months
    December 31,   ended March 31,
         
    2004   2005   2005   2006
     
    (unaudited)
    (in thousands, except per gallon data)
Additional Data:
                               
 
Ethanol sold (gallons)
    28,749       47,973       11,616       12,027  
 
Ethanol average gross price per gallon(1)
  $ 1.43     $ 1.56     $ 1.53     $ 1.80  
 
Distillers grains average sales per gallon of ethanol sold(1)
  $ 0.23     $ 0.20     $ 0.23     $ 0.21  
 
Corn costs per gallon of ethanol sold(2)
  $ 1.06     $ 0.75     $ 0.79     $ 0.72  
 
Natural gas costs per gallon of ethanol sold(3)
  $ 0.14     $ 0.18     $ 0.15     $ 0.26  
 
(1) Represents the gross sales dollars, excluding freight, commissions, hedging gains or losses or other related costs, for each respective product divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
 
(2) Represents the corn costs, including freight, commission, hedging gains or losses or other related costs divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
 
(3) Represents natural gas costs, including hedging gains or losses, divided by the gallons of ethanol sold.
 
49


 

 
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with “Selected historical consolidated financial data,” “Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data” and our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly in “Risk factors.”
OUR COMPANY
We are a rapidly growing producer and marketer of ethanol and distillers grains. Ethanol is a clean-burning, renewable fuel made from agricultural products such as corn. Distillers grains are a co-product of corn-based ethanol that are used as animal feed. We also market ethanol and distillers grains produced by, and provide facilities management and marketing services to, other ethanol producers.
We were founded in October 2004 by Gordon Ommen and Ron Fagen. Our three largest shareholders are: Capitaline Advisors, LLC, an investment management firm, and its affiliates, collectively controlled by Gordon Ommen; Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S.; and CHS Inc., a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy cooperative in the U.S.
We currently operate one ethanol plant which we acquired in April 2006 as a result of our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, or Platte Valley. We are in the process of expanding this facility, and we have three additional ethanol plants under construction. Upon completion of these initiatives, we will own and operate four plants with a combined ethanol production capacity of 300 mmgy. We also have five ethanol plants in development that we believe will have a combined production capacity of 400 mmgy. We believe that our expansion plans will make us one of the largest ethanol producers in the U.S. by the end of 2006.
The following table sets forth a summary of our ethanol plants that are in operation or under construction as of June 30, 2006:
                             
    In operation   Under construction    
             
            Platte        
            Albert   Valley        
    Platte Valley   Woodbury   City   Expansion   Val-E   Total
 
Location
  Central City,
Nebraska
  Lake Odessa,
Michigan
  Albert City,
Iowa
  Central City,
Nebraska
  Ord,
Nebraska
       
Estimated Production Start Date
  In operation since May 2004   September
2006
  November
2006
  November
2006
  May
2007
       
Current Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
 
50
                    50  
Ethanol Production Capacity Under Construction (mmgy)
      50   100   50   50     250  
Builder
  Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen        
 
50


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
We currently have five planned facilities that are either in the permitting or development stage. The following table sets forth a summary of these planned facilities:
                         
    In development
     
        Total in
    Hankinson   Dyersville   Grinnell   Janesville   Springfield   development
 
Location
  Hankinson,
North Dakota
  Dyersville,
Iowa
  Grinnell,
Iowa
  Janesville,
Minnesota
  Springfield,
Minnesota
   
 
Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
  100   100   50(1)   100   50   400
 
Expected Construction Start Date
  Q4
2006
  Q4
2006
  2007   2007   2007    
 
(1) Represents 50% of the 100 mmgy ethanol production capacity of the planned Grinnell facility. We have entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to jointly develop this facility. Under the terms of this letter of intent, we will each own a 50% interest in the Grinnell facility.
We have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction and our Platte Valley expansion. In addition, we have entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. Together, these master design-build agreements provide us with build slots for each of our facilities in development or under evaluation.
COMPONENTS OF REVENUES AND EXPENSES
Historically, we have derived revenues and earnings principally from four activities:
Ø  performing contract services, including grain procurement, risk management and facilities management, for ethanol plants;
 
Ø  marketing, on a commission basis, ethanol produced by ethanol plants;
 
Ø  reselling ethanol and agricultural commodities acquired from others; and
 
Ø  marketing feed ingredients produced by ethanol plants.
With the acquisition of our first ethanol plant on April 30, 2006 and the completion of construction of and commencement of production at our additional ethanol plants, the primary source of our revenue will be the sale of ethanol and distillers grains. As a result, our historical financial information will not be comparable to our future financial condition and results of operations.
Total revenues. Prior to May 1, 2006, all of our revenues were directly related to our services business. Our services business generates revenues on a net basis from the commissions received to market ethanol and distillers grains for third-party plant customers, which represents the fixed margin between the amounts billed and the amounts paid. We also engage in commodities buying and selling under contracts that do not earn a fixed margin. We recognize revenues and costs on these transactions on a gross basis when title of the product transfers to the end user and record these revenues as product sales. Our services business also generates revenues from facilities management and group-buying services provided to its customers and records these revenues on a monthly basis as earned. In
 
51


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
addition, we typically receive quarterly incentive payments in connection with plant management agreements if certain benchmarks are achieved.
Effective May 1, 2006, we began recognizing revenue from the sale of ethanol and distillers grains produced by our production business. Ethanol prices are extremely volatile and the selling prices we realize for our ethanol will largely be determined by the market supply and demand for ethanol, which, in turn, is influenced by industry factors over which we have little if any control. See “Ethanol industry overview.” The per gallon sales price of ethanol that we discuss below represents the gross ethanol sales dollars divided by the gallons of ethanol sold. Revenues from the production of ethanol and co-products is recorded when title transfers to the customer. Ethanol and co-products are generally shipped FOB shipping point. Historically, we received incentive payments to produce ethanol from the United States Department of Agriculture under its Commodity Credit Corporation Bioenergy Program. This program expired on June 30, 2006. We also receive payments from a third-party under a State of Nebraska program that allows producers of ethanol to generate motor vehicle fuel tax credits and sell them to an unrelated third-party that holds a motor fuel license.
Cost of goods sold and gross profits. Prior to May 1, 2006, all of our cost of goods sold represented the expenses that were directly related to our services business. In our services business, we record cost of product on the transactions that are related to commodities buying and selling contracts on which we do not earn a fixed margin. The proportional share of salaries, benefits and related overhead expenses of the employees directly related to third-party management and marketing activities are included in cost of services and commissions.
Effective May 1, 2006, we began recording cost of goods sold for ethanol and distillers grains produced in our production business. Our cost of goods sold in our production business will be primarily affected by the cost of corn, natural gas and freight. Both corn and natural gas are subject to volatile market conditions as a result of weather, market demand, regulation and general economic conditions. See “Ethanol industry overview.”
Corn is the principal raw material used in ethanol production and is the most significant operating cost. Natural gas, which is used to power steam generation in our ethanol production process and to dry our distillers grains, is the second largest operating cost after corn. The third largest operating cost is freight, which consists of the cost to transport ethanol to market, including freight tariffs to railroads. Key freight drivers include freight tariffs charged by railroads, the number of gallons shipped by us and the distance to market.
The gross profit of our production business will depend principally on the difference between the price of a gallon of ethanol and the price of the amount of corn required to produce a gallon of ethanol. In recent periods, the spread between ethanol and corn prices has been at historically high levels, driven in large part by high oil prices and historically low corn prices resulting from continuing record corn yields and acreage. Any increase or reduction in the spread between ethanol and corn prices, whether as a result of changes in the price of ethanol or corn, will have an effect on our financial performance.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of the proportional share of salaries, benefits and related overhead expenses paid to our administrative employees. We expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase significantly in connection with our growth and expansion efforts, which require us to hire more personnel. We also anticipate incurring additional expenses as a public company following the completion of this offering as a result of additional legal and corporate governance expenses, including: costs associated with compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; salary and payroll-related costs for additional accounting and legal staff; and listing and transfer agent fees.
 
52


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Interest Income. Interest income represents that amount of interest that we earn on short-term deposit investments such as certificates of deposit with maturities up to twelve months, savings accounts and money market funds. Interest income will fluctuate based on interest rates and the amount of cash that we keep on hand.
Interest Expense. Interest expense represents that amount of interest that we have paid to financial institutions for money that we have borrowed on our short-term seasonal lines of credit, construction loans, subordinated debt, senior secured debt and other long-term debt. Interest expense will fluctuate based on the interest rate on our loan agreements and the amount of money that we will borrow.
Income Taxes. We are subject to federal and state taxes on income from our operations. We record an income tax provision or benefit related to income or losses from operations. Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting purposes and such amounts recognized for federal and state income tax purposes, at each fiscal year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
PRO FORMA RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005 have been prepared to give pro forma effect to the following transactions as if these transactions had occurred on January 1, 2005:
Ø  the acquisition of the Platte Valley and Val-E facilities in April 2006;
 
Ø  the sale of a 50% interest in UBE Fuels to CHS Inc. on March 31, 2006;
 
Ø  the acquisition of the Woodbury facility in April 2005; and
 
Ø  the acquisition of United Bio Energy in May 2005.
The pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of the results which actually would have occurred if the transactions had been consummated at the beginning of the applicable period, nor does it purport to represent our future results of operations for any future period.
Three months ended March 31, 2006
Pro forma total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 were $29.8 million. Revenues from ethanol and distillers grains production were $24.1 million, or 81% of total revenues.
Pro forma total costs of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2006 were $22.3 million. Cost of product attributable to ethanol and distillers grains production were $17.0 million, or 76% of total costs of goods sold.
Total pro forma gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $7.5 million. Pro forma gross profit attributable to ethanol and distillers grains production for the period was $7.1 million, or 94% of total gross profit.
Pro forma selling, general and administrative expenses were $3.7 million.
Year ended December 31, 2005
Pro forma total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $110.9 million. Revenue from ethanol and distillers grains production were $89.7 million, or 81% of total revenues.
 
53


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Pro forma total costs of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $85.2 million. Cost of product attributable to ethanol and distillers grains production were $66.3 million, or 78% of total costs of goods sold.
Total pro forma gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2005 was $25.7 million. Pro forma gross profit attributable to ethanol and distillers grains production for the period was $23.3 million, or 91% of total gross profit.
Pro forma selling, general and administrative expenses were $10.3 million.
HISTORICAL RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We did not engage in any revenue producing activities from our inception on October 28, 2004 until May 1, 2005 when we acquired UBE. As a result, our results of operations for periods subsequent to our acquisition of UBE are not comparable to our results of operations for prior periods.
We also did not produce any ethanol or distillers grains during 2004 or 2005, and all of our operating results during 2005 result from our services business after the consummation of the UBE acquisition on May 1, 2005.
We are the successor to UBE for accounting purposes. We do not believe, however, that our results of operations for periods subsequent to the UBE acquisition are directly comparable to the results of operations of UBE for periods prior to the acquisition due to the application of purchase accounting and other factors. However, because our revenues and costs of goods sold for our services business are prepared on substantially the same basis and were generated or incurred in substantially the same manner as UBE’s revenues and costs of goods sold, the discussion of our results of operations appearing below includes a comparative discussion of revenues and costs of goods sold based on UBE’s revenues and costs of goods sold for the applicable pre-acquisition periods.
Three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to three months ended March 31, 2005
Total Revenues. We did not have any revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005. Our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 were $6.0 million, which were comprised of product sales of $3.9 million and services and commissions of $2.1 million. UBE’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were $4.5 million, which were comprised of product sales of $2.6 million and services and commissions of $1.9 million. The increase in our revenues compared to UBE’s revenues for the comparable period was primarily the result of the receipt of additional commissions to market ethanol and distillers grains for two new third-party plant customers, partially offset by decreased revenues due to the termination of a facilities management agreement with a third- party ethanol plant. We marketed a total of 67.2 million gallons of ethanol and 556,000 tons of distillers grains during the three months ended March 31, 2006. UBE marketed 39.2 million gallons of ethanol and 360,000 tons of distillers grains during the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Total Cost of Goods Sold. We did not have any costs of goods sold or gross profit for the three month period ended March 31, 2005. Our total costs of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2006 were $5.4 million, which were comprised of $3.9 million cost of product sales and $1.5 million cost of services and commissions. UBE’s total costs of goods sold for the period ended March 31, 2005 were $4.9 million, which were comprised of $2.6 million cost of product sales and $2.3 million cost of services and commissions. The decreases in our cost of services and commissions compared to UBE’s cost of services and commissions for the comparable period was primarily due to a $1.1 million expense recognized as of March 31, 2005 related to a settlement of a claim from a customer related to ethanol purchases, which was partially offset by increased employee expense in 2006 to support the activities of the two new third-party plant customers.
 
54


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Gross Profits. Our gross profits were $0.6 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2006. For the period ended March 31, 2005, UBE recorded a gross loss of $0.4 million, primarily due to the settlement for a claim from a customer related to ethanol purchases, which was partially offset by a $0.7 million profit on operations.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 were $2.2 million compared to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. This increase was primarily the result of increased employee expenses related to growth in our services businesses and additional consulting expenses associated with the growth of our company.
Interest Income. Our interest income of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 increased $0.2 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005, due to increased short-term investments arising from the proceeds from our equity offerings.
Income Taxes. No income tax benefit has been recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006 due to accumulated losses which have been recognized.
Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to the period from October 28, 2004 to December 31, 2004
Total Revenues. We did not have any revenues for 2004. On May 1, 2005, we acquired UBE and began generating revenues from our services business. Our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $16.4 million, which were comprised of product sales of $9.6 million and services and commissions of $6.8 million. UBE’s revenues for the period beginning January 1, 2005 and ending April 30, 2005 were $6.4 million, which were comprised of product sales of $3.6 million and services and commissions of $2.8 million. UBE’s revenues for 2004 were $35.7 million, which were comprised of product sales of $30.8 million and services and commissions of $4.9 million. The increase in commissions and services revenues was primarily attributable to the expansion of our services business, which resulted in increased commissions to market ethanol and distillers grains and increased service fees received from third-party plants customers. For the period May 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005 we marketed a total of 159.8 million gallons of ethanol and 982,000 tons of distillers grains, UBE marketed a total of 54.5 million gallons of ethanol and 490,000 tons of distillers grains for the period January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005. UBE marketed a total of 114.0 million gallons of ethanol and 1.1 million tons of distillers grains for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Total Cost of Goods Sold. We did not have any costs of goods sold or gross profit for 2004. Our total costs of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $13.0 million, which were comprised of $9.5 million cost of product and $3.5 million cost of services and commissions. Gross profit for 2005 was $3.4 million. UBE’s total costs of goods sold for the period beginning January 1, 2005 and ending April 30, 2005 were $6.4 million, which were comprised of $3.5 million cost of product and $2.9 million cost of services and commissions. For this period, UBE had a negligible amount of gross profit. For 2004, UBE’s total costs of goods sold were $33.6 million, which were comprised of $30.4 million cost of product sales and $3.2 million cost of services and commissions. For 2004, UBE had gross profit of $2.0 million. The increase in year over year cost of services and commissions was due primarily to increased employee and other expenses in connection with the provision of services to additional third-party plant customers, and a $1.1 million expense recognized by UBE as of March 31, 2005 related to a settlement of a claim.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $8.0 million, an increase of $8.0 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2004. In November 2005, we issued options to purchase 6,500,000 shares of stock and expensed $3.6 million in connection with the termination of an administrative services
 
55


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
agreement with US Bio Resource Group (a related party). See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.” Expenses, excluding this expense, increased by $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, in connection with providing services to additional third-party plant customers and consulting and legal expenses due to the growth of our business.
Interest Income. Our interest income of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to a negligible amount in 2004, due to increased short-term investments arising from the proceeds from our equity offerings.
Interest Expense. Our interest expense of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $0.5 million compared to 2004, primarily due to borrowings under our subordinated debt for our Albert City facility.
Income Taxes. The income tax benefit of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 represents an effective tax benefit rate of 8.7% and resulted from our loss in operations during 2005. The tax benefit rate is less than statutory rates due to the fact that a $1.3 million increase in a valuation allowance on deferred taxes was recorded during 2005. We did not have any income tax costs or benefits for 2004.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal sources of liquidity consist of cash and cash equivalents and available borrowings under our credit arrangements. During 2005 and the three months ended March 31, 2006, proceeds of equity offerings were also a significant source of liquidity.
Our principal uses of cash have been, and are expected to continue to be, the construction of new plants and other capital expenditures, the acquisition of ethanol plants and the debt service requirements of our indebtedness. As of March 31, 2006, we had total cash and cash equivalents of $95.1 million, compared to $40.5 million as of December 31, 2005.
We believe our cash and cash equivalents, the net proceeds of this offering, cash from operations and borrowings under our credit arrangements will be sufficient to meet the cash requirements of operations for at least the next twelve months.
Cash flows. Cash flows used in operating activities of $25.9 million and $6.5 million for the three months ended and the year ended March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively, were primarily used to fund working capital needs.
Cash used in investing activities total $31.4 million and $52.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2006, additions to property, plant and equipment of $13.9 million and $15.9 million were related to construction projects at Woodbury and Albert City, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2005, additions to property, plant and equipment of $17.9 million and $35.2 million were related to construction projects at Woodbury and Albert City, respectively.
Cash provided by financing activities total $112.0 million and $98.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively. In September 2005, we raised approximately $56.2 million and $0.3 million through a private placement of our common stock and sales under an employee stock purchase plan. In November 2005, CHS invested $35.0 million in our company in a private sale transaction. In March 2006, we raised approximately $89.4 million through a second private placement of our common stock.
Other than normal operating expenses, cash requirements for fiscal 2006 and 2007 are expected to consist primarily of capital expenditures for the construction and expansion of our ethanol plants and acquisition opportunities.
 
56


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Production capacity expansion
We currently have four ethanol plants under construction or expansion and five ethanol plants in development. As of March 31, 2006, total project costs to complete our facilities under construction, development or expansion are expected to be approximately $852.1 million, of which approximately $246.1 million, $357.1 million and $248.9 million is expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2006 and during 2007 and 2008, respectively. We expect to fund $232.1 million of the construction costs related to those of our facilities presently under construction substantially through existing sources of liquidity, such as our existing senior secured credit facilities, cash on hand and cash flows from operations. We expect to fund $620.0 million of the construction costs attributable to our plants in development using the proceeds of this offering, cash on hand, cash generated by our operations and borrowings under existing and additional credit facilities.
Additional funding will be required to finance the construction of our plants under evaluation.
We have entered into senior secured credit facilities in connection with the construction of our Woodbury and Albert City facilities. We have also entered into a loan agreement with the Iowa Department of Economic Development to finance, in part, the construction of our Albert City facility. We are in discussions with lenders regarding the financing of the expansion of our Platte Valley facility and the construction of our Val-E facility. We are also currently in discussions with lenders regarding senior secured credit facilities that would provide for debt financing for four additional ethanol plants. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to obtain the required funding on terms acceptable to us or at all.
We expect to complete the construction of our Woodbury facility in the third quarter of 2006. We have spent $13.9 million and $17.9 million on construction during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively. By the end of 2006, we expect to make additional capital expenditures of approximately $30.2 million. To date, we have used the net proceeds from private placements of our common stock completed in 2005 to finance this project, and as of March 31, 2006, no amounts were outstanding under Woodbury’s credit facility.
We expect to complete the construction of our Albert City facility in the fourth quarter of 2006. We have spent $15.9 million and $35.2 million on construction during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively. By the end of 2006, we expect to make additional capital expenditures of approximately $83.9 million. To date, we have used the net proceeds from private placements of our common stock completed in 2005 and subordinated debt to finance this project, and as of March 31, 2006, no amounts were outstanding under Albert City’s credit facility.
To date, construction costs of our Woodbury and Albert City facilities have been temporarily financed entirely from equity funding. As these facilities near completion, our Woodbury and Albert City subsidiaries expect to borrow under their respective credit facilities to make a distribution to us for our excess equity funding. We will use these funds for general corporate purposes, including the construction of our plants currently in development.
In April 2006, we used net proceeds of $40.0 million from the private placements of our common stock completed in 2005 and March 2006 and we issued approximately 45 million shares of our common stock to purchase Platte Valley and its 50.2% subsidiary Val-E. Concurrently with the closing of the Platte Valley transaction, we purchased the remaining 49.8% interest in Val-E from the former owners, by issuing 6.2 million shares of our common stock. In January 2006, Val-E entered into a design-build contract to construct the Val-E ethanol plant. In April 2006, Platte Valley entered into a design-build contract to expand production at the Platte Valley facility. By the end of 2006, we expect to make capital expenditures of approximately $46.0 million and $50.0 million for the Platte Valley
 
57


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
expansion and Val-E facility, respectively. We expect to fund the equity portions of the these projects from the net proceeds of a March 2006 private placement of our common stock.
By the end of 2006, we expect to make capital expenditures of $36.0 million for our Hankinson and Dyersville facilities that are currently in development.
Credit arrangements
In November 2005, our subsidiaries, US Bio Albert City, LLC and US Bio Woodbury, LLC entered into separate senior secured credit facilities with AgStar Financial Services, PCA, to finance the development and construction of our Albert City and Woodbury ethanol plants, respectively. The Albert City credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to the lesser of $75.0 million of 60% of the construction costs of the Albert City facility and revolving loans of up to $6.5 million in the aggregate. The Woodbury credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to the lesser of $36.0 million or 60% of the construction costs of the Woodbury facility and revolving loans of up to $3.5 million in the aggregate. Upon completion of the construction of each plant, the construction loans convert into term loans if certain conditions precedent are met, including the successful completion of the project. The term loans mature five years after the construction loans are converted into term loans. In connection with these senior secured credit facilities, US Bio Albert City and US Bio Woodbury entered into separate master loan agreements, as supplemented by first and second supplements thereto. These master loan agreements include certain limitations on, among other things, the ability of US Bio Woodbury and US Bio Albert City to incur additional indebtedness and declare or pay dividends or make distributions to us. We have agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of the obligations of US Bio Woodbury and US Bio Albert City under these senior secured credit facilities. As of March 31, 2006, we had no outstanding borrowings under either of these facilities. As of March 31, 2006, $1.2 million of letters of credit were outstanding under the Albert City facility.
In December 2005, US Bio Albert City entered into loan agreements for an aggregate of $6.3 million of subordinated debt to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Albert City ethanol plant. The subordinated debt bears interest at a rate of 14.5% per annum. These loan agreements include certain limitations on, among other things, the ability of US Bio Albert City to incur additional indebtedness and declare or pay dividends or make distributions. As of March 31, 2006, US Bio Albert City had $6.3 million outstanding borrowings under these facilities. We intend to use some of the net proceeds from this offering to prepay all outstanding subordinated debt owed by US Bio Albert City.
In April 2005, US Bio Albert City entered into a loan agreement with the Iowa Department of Economic Development. As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance under this loan agreement.
We acquired Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC in April 2006. Prior to this acquisition, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol entered into a credit facility with First National Bank of Omaha. The proceeds from this credit facility were used to finance the development and construction of the Platte Valley ethanol plant and for general corporate and operating purposes. The credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to $32.9 million and revolving loans of up to $5.0 million in the aggregate. The revolving credit facility matures on December 8, 2006. This credit facility also provides for a $1.0 million letter of credit facility. Upon completion of the plant, the construction loan was paid in full by a new term loan evidenced by three promissory notes. The term loan matures on September 20, 2009. As of March 31, 2006, there was an outstanding balance of $20.7 million under the term loan. As of March 31, 2006 there was no outstanding balance under the revolving loan.
On October 31, 2003, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol entered into a redevelopment contract with the Community Redevelopment Authority of the City of Central City, Nebraska, pursuant to which the city issued revenue bonds. Platte Valley received a portion of the bond proceeds in the form of grants
 
58


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
to be used to fund, in part, the development and construction of the Platte Valley facility. Platte Valley is obligated to repay the bonds with semiannual interest and principal payments at fixed interest rates ranging from 6.25% to 7.25%. As of March 31, 2006, there was an outstanding balance of $3.7 million on the bonds.
Our subsidiaries, UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients, entered into an asset-based lending agreement with LaSalle Business Credit, LLC for a maximum line of credit of $20.0 million. As of March 31, 2006, we had borrowed $2.9 million on this facility, with a variable interest rate of 7.25 to 7.75%. No amounts were outstanding as of December 31, 2005. In addition, as of March 31, 2006, $1.2 million of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility. The line of credit is collateralized by substantially all assets of UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients and UBE Services. Our asset-based loan agreement includes certain limitations on, among other things, the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness and declare or pay dividends or make distributions.
We are in discussions with lenders regarding the financing of the expansion of our Platte Valley facility and the construction of our Val-E facility. We are also currently in discussions with lenders regarding senior secured credit facilities that would provide for debt financing for four additional ethanol plants. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to obtain the required funding on terms acceptable to us or at all.
For additional information regarding our credit arrangements, see “Description of certain indebtedness.”
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2005. Our obligations are likely to increase significantly as we enter into various purchase agreements for our newly acquired Platte Valley plant and for our plants that are under construction and development.
 
59


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Contractual obligations
                                                         
    2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   Thereafter   Total
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Long-term debt obligations (1)
  $ 906     $ 906     $ 906     $ 906     $ 906     $ 9,081     $ 13,611  
Operating lease obligations(2)
    6,424       6,398       3,924       3,448       2,339       2,208       24,741  
Other purchase obligations (3)
    236,723       463                               237,186  
                                           
Total contractual obligations
  $ 244,053     $ 7,767     $ 4,830     $ 4,354     $ 3,245     $ 11,289     $ 275,538  
                                           
 
(1) Amounts represent principal and interest payments due on the senior notes and unused commitment fees under our credit facilities.
 
(2) Operating lease obligations consist primarily of rail cars and office space. We sublease most of the rail cars that we lease to our third-party ethanol plant customers as provided for under our services agreements.
 
(3) Purchase obligations include corn, ethanol and distillers grains for third-party plant customers. Under these contracts, we generally have an offsetting sales contract for the same customer. Accordingly, our exposure to market risk under these contracts as a result of price fluctuations is limited.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We consider market risk to be the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices.
We manage our exposure to various risks according to an umbrella risk management policy, which was adopted by our Board of Directors in January 2006. Under this policy, market-based risks are quantified and evaluated for potential mitigation strategies, such as entering into economic hedging transactions. Additionally, this policy restricts, among other things, the amount of market-based risk that we will tolerate before implementing approved hedging strategies and does not allow for speculative trading activities. In addition to this policy, we have a risk management committee, whose primary role is to monitor compliance with the risk management policy and to act as a liaison between us and the Board of Directors regarding forward pricing and risk management issues.
To attempt to reduce price risk caused by market fluctuation in the commodities and interest rates, we may enter into exchange traded commodities futures, options, cash contracts and over-the counter (OTC) instruments. To manage our exposure to interest rate risk, we may also enter into certain instruments, including interest rate swaps and similar hedging techniques. These hedging arrangements also expose us to unrealized gains or losses, which are offset by physical positions in the cash market. On cash fixed-price contracts there is a risk of financial loss in situations where the other party to the hedging contract defaults on its contract.
We account for these derivative instruments in accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” Under this standard, the accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends upon whether it has been designated as an accounting hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. To qualify for designation as an accounting hedging relationship, specific criteria must be met and appropriate documentation maintained. We had no derivative instruments that qualified under
 
60


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
these rules as designated accounting hedges for any of the periods reported in this prospectus and, as such, have not recorded any transactions under these rules.
Unrealized gains and losses on forward contracts in which delivery has not occurred, that are deemed to be normal purchases or normal sales under SFAS No. 133, are not recognized in our financial statements. As of December 31, 2005, we had outstanding commitments of approximately 18.3 million bushels of corn, 1.0 million tons of distillers grains and 160.8 million gallons of ethanol under forward contracts in which the related commodity had not been delivered.
We extend credit to our customers in the ordinary course of business in the form of trade accounts receivable. We routinely assess the financial strength of our customers, and, as a result of that assessment, believe that our trade accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited.
As we operate our own production plants, we will be subject to significant market risk with respect to the price of ethanol, and the price and availability of corn and natural gas, the principal raw materials we use to produce ethanol and distillers grains. In general, ethanol prices are influenced by the supply and demand for gasoline, the availability of substitutes and the effect of laws and regulations.
Our gross profit will depend principally on the spread between ethanol and corn prices. During the five-year period from 2001 to 2005, ethanol prices (based on price data from Bloomberg, L.P., or Bloomberg) have ranged from a low of $0.91 per gallon to a high of $2.70 per gallon, averaging $1.45 per gallon during this period. On June 30, 2006, the Chicago spot price per gallon of ethanol was $3.90. In recent periods, the spread between ethanol and corn prices has been at an historically high level, driven in large part by high oil prices and historically low corn prices. The spread between the price of a gallon of ethanol and the price of the amount of corn required to produce a gallon of ethanol may not remain at recent high levels and fluctuations will continue to occur.
In the future, we will be purchasing significant amounts of corn to support the needs of our production plants. Higher corn costs result in lower profit margins and, therefore, represent unfavorable market conditions. We may not be able to pass along increased corn costs to our ethanol customers. The availability and price of corn is subject to wide fluctuations due to unpredictable factors such as weather conditions (including droughts), farmers’ planting decisions, governmental policies with respect to agriculture and international trade and global demand and supply. Over the ten-year period from 1996 through 2005, corn prices (based on the CBOT daily futures data) have ranged from a low of $1.75 per bushel in 2000 to a high of $5.48 per bushel in 1996, with prices averaging $2.44 per bushel during this period.
We rely upon third-parties for our supply of natural gas, which is consumed in the manufacture of ethanol. The prices for and availability of natural gas are subject to volatile market conditions. The fluctuations in natural gas prices over the six-year period from December 31, 1999 through December 28, 2005, based on New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc., or NYMEX, daily futures data, has ranged from a low of $1.83 per Million British Thermal Units, or MMBTU, in 2001 to a high of $15.38 per MMBTU in 2005, averaging $5.40 per MMBTU during this period. On June 30, 2006, the NYMEX price of natural gas was $6.50 per MMBTU. These market conditions often are affected by factors beyond our control such as weather conditions (including hurricanes), overall economic conditions and foreign and domestic governmental regulation and relations.
We have prepared a sensitivity analysis to our exposure to market risk with respect to corn and natural gas requirements along with our ethanol and modified wet distillers grains sales, based on
 
61


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Platte Valley 2005 data. A hypothetical 10% change in the average price of the commodities listed below would result in the following change in annual gross profit:
                                         
                    Percentage
            Hypothetical   Change in annual   change in
    2005 volume   Units   change in price   gross profit(1)   gross profit
 
    (in millions)       (dollars in millions)    
Corn
    17.1       bushels       10%     $ 3.6       15%  
Ethanol
    48.4       gallons       10%     $ 7.5       31%  
Distillers grains
    0.29       tons       10%     $ 1.0       4%  
Natural gas
    1.1       MMBTU       10%     $ 0.9       4%  
 
(1) Included in annual gross profit is $2.1 million of CCC Bioenergy Program payments that we will not receive in 2006.
SUMMARY OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. Critical accounting policies are those that we believe are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results, and require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. We believe that of the significant accounting policies, the following are noteworthy because they are based on estimates and assumptions that require complex, subjective judgments, which can materially impact reported results. Changes in these estimates or assumptions could materially impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Revenue Recognition for Services. Revenues for the sale of ethanol and distillers grains are recorded when title of the product transfers to the customer. In accordance with the agreements between us and our third-party plant customers we pay for the product and shipping costs and bill the end user for the products delivered. We recognize revenues on these transactions on a net basis as commissions which represent fixed margins between the amounts billed and amounts paid.
We also receive revenue from activities related to commodity buying and selling under contracts that do not earn a fixed margin. We recognize revenues on these transactions on a gross basis when title of the products transfer to the end user.
Revenue for facilities management and group buying services provided to customers is recognized on a monthly basis as earned. Amounts billed or received prior to being earned are recorded as deferred revenue.
We recognize quarterly incentive payments in connection with our third-party plant management agreements. Quarterly incentive payments received throughout the year are deferred until the end of the third-party plant’s fiscal year, at which time such payments are recognized for the entire year.
Revenue Recognition for Production. Revenues from the production of ethanol and co-products is recorded when the title transfers to customers. Ethanol and co-products are generally shipped FOB shipping point.
Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the net carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying value of the assets to future net cash flows that we have estimated to be generated by these assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is the amount by which the net carrying value of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.
 
62


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired entity over the fair value assigned to tangible and identified intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently if certain impairment conditions arise.
Stock-Based Compensation. In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS No. 123R). This statement requires that the costs of all employee share-based payments be measured at fair value on the award’s grant date and be recognized in the financial statements over the requisite service period. Compensation expense for non-employee awards is generally based on the fair value of the awards at the time of vesting. SFAS No. 123R supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB No. 25), and its related interpretations, and eliminates the alternative use of the intrinsic value method of accounting under APB No. 25, which we previously used.
We adopted SFAS No. 123R on January 1, 2006 using the prospective transition method. Under the prospective transition method we recognize compensation expense for all share-based awards granted subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award.
The adoption of SFAS No. 123R will result in compensation expense being recorded for all stock options granted to employees after January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value of the options. No compensation expense will be recognized under SFAS No. 123R related to employee stock options granted prior to January 1, 2006. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, we applied the intrinsic-value-based minimum value method of accounting prescribed by APB No. 25 and related interpretations to account for its time-vested employee stock options. Under this method, compensation expense for awards granted to employees was recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. Compensation expense for non-employee awards was based on the fair value of the awards at the time of vest.
SEASONALITY
As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we expect our operating results will be increasingly influenced by seasonal fluctuations in the price of our primary operating inputs, corn and natural gas, and the price of our primary product, ethanol. In recent years, the spot price of corn tended to rise during the Spring planting season in May and June and tended to decrease during the fall harvest in October and November. The price for natural gas, however, tends to move opposite that of corn and tends to be lower in the Spring and Summer and higher in the Fall and Winter. In addition, our ethanol prices are substantially correlated with the price of unleaded gasoline, which tends to rise during each of the Summer and Winter. As a result of seasonal fluctuations, we believe comparisons of operating measures between consecutive quarters may be not as meaningful as comparisons between longer reporting periods.
INFLATION
Since our inception, inflation has not significantly affected our operating results. However, costs of goods sold, costs for construction, taxes, repairs, maintenance and insurance are all subject to inflationary pressures and could adversely affect our business and results of operations, our ability to maintain our facilities adequately, build new ethanol production facilities and expand our existing facilities.
 
63


 

 
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with “Selected historical consolidated financial data of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC” and Platte Valley’s consolidated financial statements, and the accompanying notes contained therein, included elsewhere in this prospectus.
OVERVIEW OF PLATTE VALLEY
Platte Valley, located in Central City, Nebraska, was organized in December 2002 to build and operate a 50 mmgy production capacity ethanol plant. Construction was completed in May 2004 and production began at that time. Accordingly, Platte Valley’s results of operations prior to May 2004 are not comparable to the results of operations for subsequent periods. In December 2005, Platte Valley entered into a contract to construct the Val-E ethanol plant, with 50 mmgy capacity, located in Ord, Nebraska.
On April 30, 2006, we acquired Platte Valley for total consideration of 44,999,981 shares of our common stock and approximately $40.0 million in cash. As part of that transaction, we acquired a $12.5 million investment in Platte Valley’s subsidiary Val-E Ethanol, LLC, or Val-E, which represented a 50.2% interest. Concurrently with the closing of the Platte Valley transaction, we purchased the remaining 49.8% interest in Val-E for 6.2 million shares of our common stock.
Three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to three months ended March 31, 2005
Sales. Platte Valley’s product sales increased by $3.7 million, or 18%, from $20.4 million to $24.1 million. The increase was driven primarily by a $3.9 million, or 22%, increase in ethanol sales, partially offset by a $0.2 million, or 7%, decline in distillers grains sales. The average gross price of ethanol sold increased $0.27 per gallon, or 18%, from $1.53 to $1.80 per gallon. The volume of ethanol sold increased 0.4 million gallons, or 4%, from 11.6 to 12.0 million gallons compared to the same period in 2005, primarily as a result of improvements in the corn to ethanol conversion ratio. The volume of distillers grains sales decreased 7,000 tons, or 9%, from 77,000 to 71,000 tons sold in 2006, primarily due to the improvement in the corn to ethanol conversion ratio. The average distillers grains gross sales price increased by $0.60 per ton, or 2%, from $34.26 to $34.86 primarily due to increased demand in the local market. Platte Valley produces a modified wet distillers grains that contain 55% moisture, which historically sell at a lower price per ton than dried distillers grains that contain 10% moisture. As a result Platte Valley’s ethanol production yields approximately twice as much modified wet distillers grains as dried distillers grains while using one third less natural gas.
Other revenues. Platte Valley did not record any other revenues in the first quarter of 2006, because they did not qualify for payments from the USDA CCC Bioenergy Program, which yielded $2.0 million in other revenue in the prior period. This legislation expired June 30, 2006.
Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold increased by $0.6 million, or 4%, from $16.4 million for the first quarter of 2006 to $17.0 million for the first quarter of 2005, primarily due to a 4% increase in ethanol sales volumes and higher natural gas prices substantially offset by a decline in corn costs. Cost of goods sold represents $1.42 per gallon and $1.42 per gallon of ethanol sold for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2006 the components of cost of goods sold on a per gallon basis were $0.72 for corn, $0.26 for natural gas, $0.13 for transportation and $0.31 for labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 the components of cost of goods sold on a per gallon basis were $0.79 for corn, $0.15 for natural gas, $0.14 for transportation and $0.34 for labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead.
 
64


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Corn costs, net of hedging activities, decreased by $0.6 million, or 6%, to $8.7 million, driven primarily by a $0.09 per bushel, or 4%, decrease in the average cost per bushel of corn from $2.11 to $2.02. Corn costs represented 51% and 56% of total cost of goods sold before taking into account the sales of distillers grains for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Natural gas costs increased by $1.4 million, or 79%, to $3.1 million, driven primarily by a $4.93 per MMBTU, or 77%, increase in average purchase price of natural gas, from $6.44 to $11.37 per MMBTU. Natural gas accounted for 18% and 11% of total cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead decreased by $0.2 million, or 5%, to $3.7 million. These costs accounted for 22% and 23% of total cost of goods sold before taking into account the sales of distillers grains for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Transportation expense decreased 2% to $1.5 million. Transportation costs accounted for 9% and 10% of total cost of goods sold before taking into account the sales of distillers grains for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased $1.1 million, or 19%, to $7.1 million, primarily attributable to an 18% increase in average gross price of ethanol sold.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.3 million to $1.6 million. This increase is primarily due to a one-time donation of $1.0 million to the city of Central City, Nebraska directed towards further economic development within the community and the surrounding area. The remaining increase is due to additional labor costs.
Interest expense. Interest expense increased by $0.2 million to $0.3 million primarily due to changes in the value of the interest rate swap agreement.
Interest income. Interest income increased by $0.3 million due to increased cash equivalents.
Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to year ended December 31, 2004
Sales. Product sales increased by $36.9 million, or 77%, from $47.7 million to $84.6 million. The increase was driven primarily by a $33.9 million, or 83%, increase in ethanol sales and a $3.0 million, or 44%, increase in distillers grains. The volume of ethanol sold increased 19.2 million gallons, or 67%, from 28.7 to 48.0 million gallons due to the increased number of months of production from eight months in 2004 to twelve months in 2005 and plant improvements which increased overall yields. The average gross price of ethanol sold increased $0.13 per gallon, or 10%, from $1.43 to $1.56 per gallon. The volume of distillers grains increased 122,000 tons, or 71%, from 172,000 to 294,000 tons, which more than offset the decrease in the average gross sales price from $39.04 to $33.01 per ton.
Other revenues. Other revenues declined by $3.1 million, or 38%, to $5.1 million primarily due to decreased payment from the federal USDA CCC Bioenergy Program. These payments are based on the incremental increase in the gallons of ethanol produced. In fiscal year 2004, Platte Valley received full credit for the production from inception in May 2004 until December 2004. In fiscal year 2005, full credit was received for the first quarter production and the second through fourth quarter payments were based on the incremental increased production from 2004.
Cost of goods sold. Platte Valley’s cost of goods sold increased by $19.4 million, or 41%, to $66.3 million primarily attributable to a 67% increase in ethanol sales volumes primarily due to the increased number of months of production and the effects of facility improvements which increased yields. The increase in volume is partially offset by a decline in corn costs. Cost of goods sold
 
65


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
represents $1.38 and $1.63 per gallon of ethanol sold for the year ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2005 the components of cost of goods sold on a per gallon basis were $0.75 for corn, $0.18 for natural gas, $0.13 for transportation and $0.32 for labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead. For the year ended December 31, 2004 the components of cost of goods sold on a per gallon basis were $1.06 for corn, $0.14 for natural gas, $0.13 for transportation and $0.30 for labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead.
Corn costs, net of hedging activities, increased by $5.6 million, or 19%, to $36.0 million, driven by a increase in the volume of ethanol sales volumes, which was partially offset by a $0.83, or 28%, decrease in the average cost per bushel of corn from $2.94 to $2.11. Corn costs represented 54% and 65% of the total cost of goods sold before taking into account the sales of distillers grains for 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Natural gas costs increased by $4.4 million, or 106%, to $8.5 million, primarily driven by an increase in the number of months of production in 2005 compared to 2004 and a $1.57 MMBTU, or 25%, increase in the average purchase price of natural gas from $6.26 to $7.83 per MMBTU. Natural gas accounted for 13% and 9% of total cost of goods sold for the years ended 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead increased by $6.7 million, or 77%, to $15.3 million and was primarily driven by an increase in the number of months of production in 2005 compared to 2004. These costs accounted for 23% and 18% of total cost of goods sold for the years ended 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Transportation expense increased by $2.7 million, or 73%, to $6.5 million and was primarily driven by an increase in the number of months of production in 2005 compared to 2004. Transportation costs accounted for 10% and 8% of total cost of goods sold for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased by $14.4 million, or 160%, to $23.3 million and was primarily driven by twelve months of production in 2005 compared to eight months in 2004 and a favorable spread between ethanol prices and corn costs. This favorable spread was primarily driven by high oil prices and historically low corn prices.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.4 million, or 35%, to $1.7 million and was primarily due to an increase in the number of months of production in 2005 compared to 2004.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased by $0.1 million, or 7%, to $1.6 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2004, due to changes in the value of the interest rate swap agreement and decreased borrowings on the senior secured credit facilities.
Interest income. Interest income increased by $0.3 million to $0.3 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2004, which was due to increased cash equivalents. The average interest rate ranged between 3.7% and 4.4% during this time period.
Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003
Sales. Sales for the year ended December 31, 2004 were $47.7 million which represented the sales from May 2004 to December 31, 2004, when Platte Valley was producing ethanol for the first time. There were no sales during 2003. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 the average gross selling price of ethanol was $1.43 per gallon and the average gross selling price of distillers grains was
 
66


 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
$39 per ton. The volume of ethanol sold was 28.7 million gallons and distillers grains sold was 172,000 tons.
Other revenues. Other revenues of $8.2 million is comprised of incentive payments under the federal USDA CCC Bioenergy Program and the State of Nebraska. Federal program payments of $5.4 million were based on the gallons of production from May to December 2004. Under this program the federal government makes cash payments to companies that increase their purchases of corn or other agricultural products used in the production of ethanol. Incentive program payments of $2.8 million are based on the State of Nebraska’s program that allows producers of ethanol to generate motor vehicle fuel tax credits and sell them to any unrelated party holding a motor fuel license. Under the program, the credit is generated on the first 15,625,000 gallons of production each year at a rate of $0.18 per gallon.
Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2004 were $46.9 million and primarily consist of production costs from May 2004 to December 31, 2004, when the plant became operational. Cost of goods sold represented $1.63 per gallon of ethanol sold for the year ended December 31, 2004. The average cost of corn was $2.94 per bushel and was approximately 65% of production costs before taking into account the sales of distillers grains. The average purchase price of natural gas was $6.26 per MMBTU and represented 9% of production costs. Labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead and transportation represented 18% and 8%, respectively, of cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2004. There was no cost of goods sold in 2003.
Gross Profit. Gross profit of $9.0 million was primarily the result of the ethanol incentive programs payments received from state and federal government agencies.
Selling, general and administrative expense. Selling, general and administrative expense of $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $43,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. This increase is a result of the marketing and general activities to support the production activities that began in May 2004.
Interest expense. Interest expense of $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 was due to long-term debt borrowings.
 
67


 

 
Ethanol industry overview
MARKET OVERVIEW
In North America, ethanol is produced mainly from corn and is primarily used as a gasoline fuel additive to increase gasoline’s octane rating and is increasingly being used as a fuel blendstock. According to the RFA, U.S. ethanol production was approximately 4.0 billion gallons in 2005, which accounted for approximately 3% of the total U.S. gasoline fuel supply. As a gasoline blendstock, ethanol functions as an octane enhancer, a clean air additive and a fuel extender. Ethanol is also a primary blendstock for an emerging E85 fuel, which consists of up to 85% ethanol and at least 15% conventional gasoline and can be consumed by approximately six million Flexible Fuel Vehicles estimated to be on the road in the U.S.
CORN MARKET
In 2005, the ethanol industry consumed approximately 1.4 billion bushels of corn, which approximated 13% of the 11.1 billion bushels of 2005 domestic corn production. In recent years, farmers have realized a number of record harvests due to advances in planting technology and crop genetics, increases in corn acres planted and reduction in exports. The USDA expects corn acreage to continue growing from 81.6 million acres this spring to 84.0 million acres by 2015 primarily due to conversion of other cropland, with corn production reaching 12.7 billion bushels by 2015 assuming continuation of current yield trends.
 
68


 

Ethanol industry overview
 
Historical corn market statistics
The chart set forth below is a summary of historical corn market statistics, including the level of corn production since 1995 and the corresponding corn futures price. As the production of corn has increased with a peak of 11.8 billion bushels in 2004, the futures price of corn has decreased and over the past eight years the annual average has remained below $2.65 per bushel.
(CORN PRODUCTION VS. FUTURES PRICE BAR CHART)
 
Source: Blooomberg; USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service.
(1) Chicago Board of Trade end-of-day price average.
 
(2) Average corn futures price average as of June 30, 2006.
THE PRIMARY USES OF ETHANOL
Octane enhancer
Pure ethanol possesses an average octane rating of 113, enabling refiners to conform lower octane blendstock to gasoline standards, while also expanding the volume of fuel produced. In addition, ethanol is commonly added to finished regular grade gasoline at the wholesale terminal as a means of producing higher octane mid-grade and premium gasoline. At present, ethanol represents one of the few commercially viable sources of octane available to refiners.
Clean air additive
A clean air additive is a substance that, when added to gasoline, reduces tailpipe emissions, resulting in improved air quality characteristics. Ethanol contains 35% oxygen, approximately twice that of MTBE, a historically used oxygenate. The additional oxygen found in ethanol results in more complete combustion of the fuel in the engine cylinder, which reduces tailpipe emissions by as much as 30%, including a 12% reduction in volatile organic compound emissions when blended at a 10% level.
 
69


 

Ethanol industry overview
 
Ethanol, which is non-toxic, water soluble and biodegradable, replaces some of the harmful gasoline components including benzene.
Fuel extender
Ethanol extends the volume of gasoline by the amount of ethanol blended with conventional gasoline, thereby reducing dependence on foreign crude oil and refined products. Furthermore, ethanol is easily added to gasoline after the refining process, reducing the need for large, capital intensive capacity expansion projects at refineries.
E85, a gasoline alternative
Ethanol is the primary blend component in E85. The number of service stations that sell E85 has grown rapidly. According to the National Ethanol Vehicle Coalition, or NEVC, as of May 2006 there were 757 stations nationwide that sold E85. NEVC also estimates that six million U.S. vehicles are flexible fuel vehicles, or FFVs. Recently, General Motors, Ford and DaimlerChrysler have publicly committed to doubling their respective annual FFV production.
INDUSTRY GROWTH
We believe the ethanol industry will continue to grow as a result of a variety of factors, including, but not limited to: favorable production economics relative to gasoline; phase-out of MTBE; federally mandated renewable fuel usage; a shortage of domestic petroleum refining capacity; and geopolitical concerns with reliance on imported fuels.
Favorable production economics relative to gasoline
We believe that ethanol currently represents an economically attractive source of fuel because the costs incurred by ethanol producers in producing a gallon of ethanol are now significantly lower than the costs incurred by refiners to produce a gallon of gasoline.
Phase-out of MTBE
Before 2003, ethanol was used primarily as a fuel extender and octane enhancer, predominantly in states located in the Midwest. In recent years, as a result of health and environmental concerns, 25 states, including California, New York and Connecticut, which consumed more than 50% of the MTBE produced in the U.S. have banned or significantly limited the use of MTBE. Product liability concerns regarding MTBE increased following the passage of the Energy Policy Act in 2005, which did not contain limitations on product liability claims relating to MTBE use. Consequently, refiners are expected to phase out two billion gallons per year of MTBE, creating additional demand for ethanol, which is the most likely substitute for MTBE due to its favorable production economics, high octane rating and clean-burning characteristics.
Shortage of domestic petroleum refining capacity
According to the EIA, while domestic refining capacity has decreased approximately 4% from 1980 to 2005, domestic demand has increased 21% over the same period. The EIA expects growth in refining capacity to average 1.3% per year until 2025, with demand for refined petroleum products to grow at 1.5% per year over the same period. By adding ethanol to gasoline fuel stock, refiners are able to increase the volume of fuel available for sale, and therefore produce more fuel from a barrel of oil and expand their ability to meet consumer demand. We believe that increased pressure on domestic fuel refining capacity will result in greater demand for ethanol.
 
70


 

Ethanol industry overview
 
Federally mandated renewable fuel usage
Adopted as part of the Energy Policy Act, the RFS established minimum nationwide levels of renewable fuels to be included in gasoline. The RFS requires motor fuels sold in the U.S. to contain, in aggregate, the following minimum volumes of renewable fuels in future years:
Renewable fuel usage
         
Year   Usage
 
    (in billions
    of gallons)
2006
    4.0  
2007
    4.7  
2008
    5.4  
2009
    6.1  
2010
    6.8  
2011
    7.4  
2012
    7.5  
Although the RFS should increase demand for ethanol, we believe the actual use of ethanol and other renewable fuels will surpass the mandated requirements, especially in the early years of the RFS implementation. Additional legislation that we believe affects the demand for ethanol, including the federal tax incentive program, is discussed below under “—Legislation.”
Geopolitical concerns with reliance on imported fuels
According to the EIA, crude oil imports are expected to rise from 65% of the U.S. crude oil supply in 2005 to 71% by 2025. Political unrest and attacks on oil infrastructure in the major oil producing nations, particularly those located in the Middle East, have added a “risk premium” to world oil prices. At the same time, developing nations such as China and India are increasing their demand for oil. Ethanol, a domestic, renewable source of energy, is reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
SUPPLY OF ETHANOL
Production in the ethanol industry is fragmented, with the top ten producers accounting for approximately 46% of the industry’s total estimated production capacity as of June 2006. The remaining production is generated by more than 50 smaller producers and farmer-owned cooperatives, most with production of 50 mmgy or less. As of June 2006, the RFA estimates that ethanol facilities with aggregate production capacity of an additional 2.2 billion gallons per year were under construction.
ETHANOL CO-PRODUCTS
Distillers grains, a co-product of the dry-mill ethanol production process, are the concentrated nutrients (protein, fat, fiber, vitamins and minerals) remaining after starch from corn is converted into ethanol. Distillers grains may be sold as wet distillers grains or after drying in natural gas fueled driers, as dried distillers grains, or if partially dried, as modified wet distillers grains. The sale of wet distillers grains is usually more profitable because the ethanol producer saves the cost of natural gas for drying. The product is sold locally to minimize the higher cost required to transport the product to distant markets. Since both a significant portion of corn supply and principally all of distillers grains supply are used as animal feed, this allows ethanol producers to offset a significant portion of their total corn costs.
 
71


 

Ethanol industry overview
 
LEGISLATION
The U.S. ethanol industry is impacted by state and federal legislation, in particular:
The federal ethanol tax incentive program
First passed in 1979, the federal excise tax incentive program allows gasoline distributors who blend ethanol with gasoline to receive a federal excise tax rate reduction. The incentive provides for a $0.051 tax credit per gallon of ethanol blended with gasoline, which at the prevailing 10% blend implies a credit of $0.51 per gallon of ethanol. The incentive program has been extended six times since its original inception in 1978 and is presently scheduled to expire in 2010.
The renewable fuels standard (“RFS”)
Adopted as part of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the RFS established minimum nationwide levels of renewable fuels (ethanol, biodiesel or any other liquid fuel produced from biomass or biogas) to be included in gasoline, an increase from 4.0 billion gallons of RFS mandated usage in 2006 to 7.5 billion gallons by 2012. The RFA expects ethanol to account for the largest share of renewable fuels produced and consumed under the RFS.
State legislation banning or limiting MTBE use
As of June 2006, 25 states, including California and New York, have banned or significantly limited the use of MTBE due to environmental and public health concerns. Ethanol has served as a replacement for much of the discontinued volumes of MTBE and is expected to continue to replace future volumes of MTBE that are removed from the fuel supply.
Federal tariff on imported ethanol
In 1980, Congress imposed a tariff on foreign produced ethanol to prevent the federal tax incentive from benefiting non-U.S. producers of ethanol. At present, the tariff is set at $0.54 per gallon. The tariff is presently scheduled to expire in October 2007. Ethanol imports from 24 countries in Central America and the Caribbean Islands are exempted from the tariff under the Caribbean Basin Initiative, which provides that specified nations may export an aggregate of 7.0% of U.S. ethanol production per year into the U.S., with additional exemptions from ethanol produced from feedstock in the Caribbean region over the 7.0% limit.
Federal farm legislation
Until its recent expiration, the USDA Commodity Credit Corporation Bioenergy Program paid cash to companies that increased their purchases of specified commodities, including corn, to expand production of ethanol, biodiesel or other biofuels. Payments were typically based on increased production and amounts had to be refunded if decreases in production levels occurred. This program expired on June 30, 2006.
State incentives
Various states may also offer incentives to ethanol producers. For example, the State of Nebraska has a program that allows producers of ethanol to generate motor vehicle fuel tax credits and sell them to unrelated third-parties holding motor fuel licenses. Under the program, which is not set to expire until 2012, credits are generated on the first 15,625,000 gallons of production each year at a rate of $0.18 per gallon.
 
72


 

 
Business
OUR COMPANY
We are a rapidly growing producer and marketer of ethanol and distillers grains. Ethanol is a clean-burning, renewable fuel made from agricultural products such as corn. Distillers grains are a co-product of corn-based ethanol that are used as animal feed. We also market ethanol and distillers grains produced by, and provide facilities management and marketing services to, other ethanol producers. We sell ethanol to refining and marketing companies in the U.S., such as Marathon Oil Corporation, BP p.l.c. and Valero Energy Corporation, primarily as a gasoline additive. We currently sell distillers grains to livestock operators in the U.S. We distribute products principally by rail, and we lease approximately 380 rail cars through UBE Ingredients, our wholly-owned subsidiary, and approximately 800 rail cars through UBE Fuels, our marketing joint venture with CHS Inc.
We currently operate one ethanol plant in Central City, Nebraska, which we are in the process of expanding, and we have three ethanol plants under construction. Upon completion of these initiatives, we will own and operate four plants with a combined ethanol production capacity of 300 mmgy. We also have five ethanol plants in development that we believe will have a combined production capacity of 400 mmgy. Based upon our current plans, we believe that we will have three plants operational with ethanol production capacity of 250 mmgy by the end of 2006, four plants operational with ethanol production capacity of 300 mmgy by the end of 2007 and nine plants operational with ethanol production capacity of 700 mmgy by the end of 2008. We believe that our expansion plans will make us one of the largest ethanol producers in the U.S. by the end of 2006.
We were founded in October 2004 by Gordon Ommen and Ron Fagen. Our three largest shareholders are: Capitaline Advisors, LLC, an investment management firm, and its affiliates, collectively controlled by Gordon Ommen; Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S.; and CHS Inc., a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy cooperative in the U.S.
OUR COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS
We have built our business by developing sustainable competitive strengths, including our:
Ø  Close relationship with Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S. We believe that our close relationship with Fagen, Inc. will allow us to add new ethanol production capacity faster than many of our competitors. Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., beneficially owns approximately 27.5% of our common stock (          % after the completion of this offering assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised). We believe that Fagen, Inc. has constructed over 65% of the ethanol production capacity built in the U.S. over the past six years. We have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction and our Platte Valley expansion. In addition, we have entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. Together, these master design-build agreements provide us with build slots for each of our facilities in development or under evaluation. We believe that our relationship with Fagen and our access to committed build slots through our master design-build agreements with Fagen provide us with a key advantage over those of our competitors that have not secured construction agreements for their announced capacity expansions.
 
Ø  Significant logistics, infrastructure and marketing support from CHS, a major marketer of grain and fuel products. CHS Inc., a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy
 
73


 

Business
 
cooperative in the U.S., has invested an aggregate of $70.0 million in our company and currently owns approximately 23.3% of our common stock (          % after the completion of this offering assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised). As our joint venture partner, CHS provides us with significant logistics and infrastructure support, including access to their rail transportation network, private truck fleet, fuel product pipelines and terminals. We also benefit from access to CHS’s grain procurement expertise and extensive refined fuels distribution system, comprised of nearly 1,600 retail outlets, including their Cenex® convenience stores. At present, UBE Fuels provides marketing services for our Platte Valley facility and three third-party biofuels producers. CHS is managing this joint venture. We believe that the logistics, infrastructure and marketing support we receive from CHS allows us to broaden our customer and supplier networks, which in turn enables us to improve our access to low-cost corn and enhance our price realization.
 
Ø  Established marketing, facilities management and consulting services businesses. We have an established services business. Together with its predecessor businesses, UBE Services has been providing grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers for over two years, and UBE Ingredients has been providing distillers grains marketing services to third-party ethanol producers for over six years. Prior to the formation of our UBE Fuels joint venture with CHS, our ethanol marketing business marketed ethanol for third-party ethanol producers for over two years. As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we believe that our established services business will provide us with a competitive advantage over other less vertically integrated ethanol producers. We believe that our experience marketing ethanol and distillers grains will allow us to realize higher prices for our products than our competitors that do not have marketing operations. We believe that our facilities management and consulting services business allows us to develop highly qualified operations management as well as identify facilities that could be future partners for us.
 
Ø  Geographically diverse operations. We currently have nine plants in operation, under construction or in development located in five different states. We believe that our geographically diverse operations will minimize our exposure to fluctuations in any one corn market and maximize our access to potential customers relative to our competitors with geographically concentrated operations.
OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY
Ø  Grow operations to achieve one billion gallons of annual ethanol production capacity in 2009. We have eight ethanol plants under construction or in development that, together with our expanded Platte Valley facility, we believe will have a combined annual production capacity of 700 mmgy in 2008. We have identified additional plant development and acquisition opportunities that we believe will allow us to grow our annual ethanol production capacity to one billion gallons in 2009. We believe that increasing the size and scale of our operations will create significant value for our shareholders.
 
Ø  Pursue selective acquisitions. Our industry is highly fragmented with a significant number of producers that operate only one plant and may not have the financial or management resources required to grow their businesses. We will seek to acquire smaller producers that meet our operational and financial criteria for acquisitions. We believe that our commitment to local farmer groups and cooperatives located throughout the Midwest, as demonstrated by the involvement of local advisory boards at each of our facilities, will facilitate the execution of our acquisition strategy.
 
Ø  Pursue low-cost operations strategy. We believe we are positioned to become one of the lowest cost producers of ethanol due to our expected large scale, diverse geographic footprint, state-of-the-
 
74


 

Business
 
art technology, established marketing platform and management expertise. We believe that our facilities are strategically sited near natural gas lines and abundant, low-cost corn supplies with comprehensive access to the on-road and rail transportation infrastructure, reducing our transportation costs and diversifying our corn supply. We use Fagen construction and the latest ICM design technology, which we believe delivers higher corn-to-ethanol conversion yields compared to some older facilities. We also believe that our expected geographic footprint, which will diversify 700 mmgy of production capacity across Iowa, Michigan, Nebraska, North Dakota and Minnesota, will allow us to market and distribute our products more efficiently and manage our business more effectively than some of our less-diversified competitors.
 
Ø  Develop premium branded products. Our strategy is to develop premium branded products that are differentiated from our competitors’ products. For example, we are currently working with leading animal nutritionists to develop techniques to increase the quality and consistency of our distillers grains product. We intend to market our premium distillers grains under the brand name Solomontm. If we are successful in our efforts, we believe that we will be able to sell our Solomontm branded distillers grains at higher prices than our competitors that sell generic products.
 
Ø  Expand our third-party ethanol and distillers grains marketing business. At present, UBE Fuels provides ethanol marketing services for our Platte Valley facility and three third-party biofuels producers. In 2005, UBE Ingredients marketed in excess of 1.6 million tons of distillers grains for 11 third-party ethanol producers. We intend to grow our marketing business by building relationships with new biofuels producers.
COMPANY HISTORY
We were incorporated in South Dakota in October 2004. Since our formation, we have focused on building the necessary resources, infrastructure and production capacity with a goal of becoming one of the leading ethanol producers in the U.S. Our acquisition in May 2005 of United Bio Energy, LLC, a provider of ethanol and distillers grains marketing, grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers, was a key step in that process. United Bio Energy commenced operations in January 2004 following a combination of Fagen Management, LLC’s third-party ethanol plant management business and ICM Marketing, Inc.’s distillers grains marketing business.
 
75


 

Business
 
The following table sets forth a summary of significant milestones in our history:
     
Date   Initiative
 
October 2004
  We were founded by Gordon Ommen and Ron Fagen
November 2004
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Albert City, Iowa
April 2005
  We acquired Superior Corn Products, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Woodbury township, Michigan
May 2005
  We acquired United Bio Energy, LLC and established our services business
October 2005
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Janesville, Minnesota
November 2005
  CHS made an initial investment of $35 million in our company
March 2006
  We acquired Gold Energy, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Hankinson, North Dakota
    We formed an ethanol marketing joint venture with CHS
April 2006
  We acquired Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, which owns and operates a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Central City, Nebraska
    We acquired Val-E Ethanol, LLC, a company organized to develop, own and operate a 50 mmgy ethanol plant near Ord, Nebraska
    We announced plans to develop and construct an ethanol plant near Springfield, Minnesota
May 2006
  We entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to form a joint venture to construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Grinnell, Iowa
June 2006
  We launched our Solomontm branded distillers grains program
July 2006
  We announced plans to develop and construct a 100 mmgy ethanol plant near Dyersville, Iowa
OUR BUSINESS
Production
We currently operate our Platte Valley facility which we acquired in April 2006. We are in the process of expanding this facility, and we have three additional ethanol plants under construction. Upon completion of these initiatives, we will own and operate four plants with combined ethanol production capacity of 300 mmgy. We also have five ethanol plants in development that we believe will have combined production capacity of 400 mmgy. One of our strategies is to identify additional plant development and acquisition opportunities that will allow us to grow our annual ethanol production capacity to one billion gallons in 2009.
Prior to our acquisition of the Platte Valley facility, 100% of our revenues were generated through the sale of services to third-party ethanol producers and the sales of ethanol and agricultural commodities acquired from others. Effective May 2006, we began to record revenue from the production of ethanol and distillers grains. Total production assets were $74.2 million and $106.3 million as of December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006, respectively. We did not have any production assets as of December 31, 2004. As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we expect production revenues and assets to account for an increasing proportion of our total revenues and assets.
 
76


 

Business
 
Our primary product is ethanol, a fuel grade alcohol which we derive from corn. Our plants produce ethanol by using a dry-mill process, which yields approximately 2.8 gallons of ethanol per bushel of corn.
The dry-mill ethanol production process also produces distillers grains as a co-product. Distillers grains are a high protein and high-energy animal feed that are sold primarily as ingredients in beef and dairy cattle rations. In the dry-mill process, each bushel of corn yields approximately 17 pounds of distillers grains.
Services
We provide management services to third-party ethanol producers. In addition, we have agreements to provide distillers grains and ethanol marketing services for our Platte Valley facility as well as to third-party biofuels producers. For the year ended December 31, 2005, our services revenues and net income were $6.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2006, our services revenues and net loss were $2.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively. Total services assets were $55.5 million and $46.2 million as of December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006, respectively. We did not have any services revenues or assets as of and for the period ended December 31, 2004. As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we expect services revenues and assets to account for a decreasing proportion of our total revenues and assets.
These services are provided through our subsidiaries as follows:
UBE Services
Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Services, we provide grain procurement, risk management and facilities management services to third-party ethanol producers. These services include:
Ø  General Management. UBE Services provides a general manager for the client’s plant who has the overall responsibility for the profitability of the plant.
 
Ø  Plant Management. UBE Services provides a plant manager for the client’s plant who has production responsibility at the plant, including responsibility for efficiency, uninterrupted production, environmental compliance and other production-related measurements.
 
Ø  Risk Management. UBE Services provides commodity pricing and risk management services based on the client’s risk profile.
 
Ø  Grain Procurement. UBE Services sources all grains used and coordinates all grain logistics at the client’s plant.
We charge our customers a fixed fee for these services. UBE Services currently provides, or has entered into agreements to provide, services to eight ethanol plants, including plants owned by Hawkeye Holdings Inc. and ASAlliances Biofuels, LLC, with an aggregate capacity in production or under construction of in excess of 600 mmgy. We also engage in commodities buying and selling activities for customers on a non-fixed fee basis.
UBE Ingredients
Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Ingredients, formerly known as ICM Marketing, we intend to market all of our distillers grains production. In 2005, we marketed in excess of 1.6 million tons of distillers grains on behalf of 11 third-party ethanol producers. We are currently developing the first third-party tested and certified quality assurance program for our distillers grains. Historically, the nutritional value and quality of distillers grains have varied substantially among producers in the ethanol industry. This variability in quality, nutrient content and digestibility is a challenge for livestock nutritionists when deciding whether to use distillers grains in livestock feeding programs. We
 
77


 

Business
 
intend to market our distillers grains that meet our quality assurance requirements under the brand name Solomontm. We have a number of independent nutritionists working closely in the development of our Solomontm brand to ensure that the quality of our marketed products will meet the special needs of beef, dairy, poultry and swine markets.
We charge our customers fees generally linked to the prevailing market price of distillers grains. UBE Ingredients leases approximately 380 rail cars in order to distribute its distillers grains by rail to livestock operations across the U.S.
UBE Fuels
We market our ethanol as well as ethanol and biodiesel produced by third-parties through UBE Fuels, a joint venture between us and CHS Inc. On March 31, 2006, CHS acquired 50% ownership in our existing ethanol marketing business, UBE Fuels. Pursuant to this arrangement, CHS and US BioEnergy each own 50% of the membership interest in UBE Fuels, entitling each to 50% of the financial rights and 50% of the voting rights with respect to UBE Fuels as its members. UBE Fuels is managed by CHS pursuant to a management agreement.
In connection with the formation of the joint venture, we entered into an ethanol marketing agreement with UBE Fuels. For additional information regarding the agreements relating to the UBE Fuels joint venture, see “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”
UBE Fuels also currently markets the ethanol and biodiesel production for three third-party biofuels plants.
UBE Fuels leases approximately 800 rail cars in order to distribute ethanol by rail to refining and marketing companies across the U.S.
RAW MATERIALS
Our principal raw material is corn. We currently require approximately 17.8 million bushels of corn per year in order to produce the 50 mmgy of expected ethanol production at our Platte Valley facility. By the end of 2006, we expect that our operations will require approximately 89.2 million bushels of corn per year in order to produce the 250 mmgy of expected ethanol production. We source our corn both directly from farmers located near our facilities and from local dealers. We employ the following corn procurement methods and related hedging strategies:
Ø  we purchase corn through cash fixed-price contracts and deferred pricing contracts; and
 
Ø  we utilize hedging positions in the corn futures market to manage the risk of excessive corn price fluctuations for a portion of our corn requirements.
For our spot purchases, we post daily corn bids so that corn producers can sell to us on a spot basis. Our fixed-price forward contracts specify the amount of corn, the price and the time period over which the corn is to be delivered. These forward contracts are at fixed-prices or prices based on CBOT prices. Our corn requirements can be contracted on fixed-price forward contracts. The parameters of these contracts are based on the local supply and demand situation and the seasonality of the price. For delayed pricing contracts, producers will deliver corn to the plant, but the pricing for that corn and the related payment will occur at a later date.
Our ethanol production also requires significant quantities of natural gas which has historically been subject to volatile market conditions. Natural gas prices and availability are affected by weather conditions and overall economic conditions. Operating at capacity, our Platte Valley facility requires approximately 1.1 million MMBTU. By the end of 2006, we expect that our plants operating at capacity will require approximately 7.6 million MMBTU. We hedge a portion of our exposure to
 
78


 

Business
 
natural gas price risk from time to time by using fixed-price or indexed exchange-traded futures contracts.
We generally have no long-term contracts that guarantee us supplies of corn or natural gas.
FACILITIES
The table below provides a summary of our ethanol plants in operation, under construction and in development as well as projects that we are currently evaluating as of June 30, 2006:
                                         
    In   Under   In   Under    
    operation   construction   development   evaluation   Total
 
Location(s)
    1       4 (1)     5       3       13  
Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
    50       250 (1)     400       300       1,000  
Production Process
    Dry-Mill       Dry-Mill       Dry-Mill       Dry-Mill          
Primary Energy Source
    Natural Gas       Natural Gas       Natural Gas     Natural Gas, Coal or Biomass        
Builder
    Fagen       Fagen       Fagen       Fagen          
 
(1) Includes the 50 mmgy expansion of expected capacity of our Platte Valley facility currently under construction.
Plant selection
We intend to utilize our experience and the skills of our partners to continue the development of our existing plants, identify new sites and develop additional plants in the future. Our site location criteria include many factors. First among these are corn and energy supplies as inputs and ethanol and distillers grains markets for our outputs.
We utilize in-house expertise as well as industry-leading consultation services to analyze the feasibility of obtaining corn as feedstock for each potential site and weigh that knowledge with a similar analysis of logistical advantages and disadvantages in moving ethanol to both existing and projected new markets. We begin consultation with relevant rail carriers early in the process for both corn supply and ethanol and distiller’s grains transportation and begin equally early our consultation with local corn farmers and cooperatives for feedstock supply.
We contract with industry leaders for assistance in analysis of water and natural gas for production processes. At the same time, we work with local electricity suppliers to secure a plant’s electrical power. Additionally, we position sites near a qualified labor force as well as community services that are capable of attracting and retaining top personnel.
All of our plants that are either operating or under construction are designed, engineered and constructed by Fagen, Inc. using ICM, Inc. process technology. Fagen is one of our largest shareholders, and through our master design-build agreements with Fagen, we have committed build slots on the Fagen construction schedule. Working in collaboration with Fagen, we believe that our plants will be more efficient than many competing plants.
Plant design and construction
Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S., constructed our Platte Valley plant and is currently constructing our Woodbury, Albert City and Val-E plants, as well as the expansion of our
 
79


 

Business
 
Platte Valley plant. Ron Fagen, the founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fagen, Inc., is one of our largest shareholders. We have entered into design-build agreements with Fagen, Inc. for our three facilities under construction and our Platte Valley expansion. In addition, we have entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. Together, these master design-build agreements provide us with build slots for each of our facilities in development or under evaluation.
Plants in operation or under construction
The following table sets forth a summary of our ethanol plants that are currently in operation or under construction as of June 30, 2006:
                             
    In operation   Under construction    
             
            Platte Valley        
    Platte Valley   Woodbury   Albert City   expansion   Val-E   Total
 
Location
  Central City, Nebraska   Lake Odessa, Michigan   Albert City, Iowa   Central City, Nebraska   Ord, Nebraska        
Estimated Production Start Date
 
In operation since May 2004
 
September 2006
 
November 2006
 
November 2006
 
May 2007
       
Current Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
 

50
                   

50
 
Ethanol Production Capacity Under Construction (mmgy)
     

50
 

100
 

50
 

50
   

250
 
Production Process
  Dry-Mill   Dry-Mill   Dry-Mill   Dry-Mill   Dry-Mill        
Primary Energy Source
  Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas        
Estimated Distillers Grains Production (tons)
 
294,000(1)
 
160,000
 
320,000
 
160,000(2)
 
160,000
       
Builder
  Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen        
 
(1) In 2005, the Platte Valley facility produced approximately 294,000 tons of modified wet distillers grains that contain 55% moisture, which historically sell at a lower price per ton than dried distillers grains that contain 10% moisture.
 
(2) Dried distillers grains. We expect to dry all of the distillers grains resulting from the increased production attributable to the expansion of this facility.
Platte Valley facility
On April 30, 2006, we acquired the Platte Valley facility located on approximately 40 acres of land in Central City, Nebraska. This facility has a nameplate ethanol production capacity of 40 mmgy. For the twelve months ended March 31, 2006, the Platte Valley facility produced 48.4 million gallons of
 
80


 

Business
 
ethanol, and currently operates at a rate in excess of 50 mmgy. In January 2006, we commenced construction of a 40 mmgy nameplate expansion at this facility. We expect to complete the construction in November 2006. The Platte Valley facility is located in close proximity to several central Nebraska feedlots, which provides us with an opportunity to sell a greater portion of our distillers grains production in modified wet form, thus reducing our energy costs.
Capacity. In 2005, our Platte Valley facility produced 48.4 million gallons of ethanol. When the expansion is complete, the facility will have a production capacity of 100 mmgy of ethanol and will produce approximately 294,000 tons of modified wet distillers grains and 160,000 tons of dried distillers grains per year. Upon the completion of the expansion, we expect that this facility will process approximately 36 million bushels of corn per year, which represents approximately 21.5% of the 167.4 million bushels of corn grown in the neighboring seven counties in 2005.
Transportation. Our Platte Valley facility receives corn and ships ethanol by rail and truck. The facility is located near U.S. Highway 30, and is adjacent to the Nebraska Central Railroad, or NCR, which has direct access to the Union Pacific, or UP, mainline located approximately one mile from the plant site.
NCR and UP are common carriers, and we ship by rail from our Platte Valley facility under NCR’s and UP’s published rate schedules. We have an industry track agreement with NCR, which provides the parameters under which our track is laid out and the specifications for inter-connection and service with NCR. The agreement may be terminated with 60 days written notice by either party.
We also have a railcar storage agreement that allows us to use NCR sidetrack for storage of our railcars. Under the terms of this agreement, we pay NCR a daily storage charge, with a minimum of ten days storage, and a switching charge dependant upon the number of cars moved in and out of storage. This agreement renews annually unless terminated by 30 days written notice by either party.
Energy agreements. We have entered into agreements for the purchase of electricity and the transportation of natural gas. We have an agreement with the city of Central City that allows us to purchase electricity directly from Southern Public Power District, or Southern Power, subject to the payment of a per kilowatt hour facility/franchise fee to Central City. This agreement expires only if the city of Central City acquires the electric service area occupied by our facility.
We have an agreement with Southern Power that requires them to provide electricity to our plant at specified levels until May 2008, renewing annually thereafter unless terminated with 90 days written notice prior to the expiration of any annual period by one of the parties. We are required to pay an annual minimum charge for electric service and otherwise pay for electricity at Southern Power’s published rates.
Our natural gas transportation agreements with Kinder Morgan Interstate Gas Transmission, or Kinder Morgan, and the city of Central City provides access to Kinder Morgan’s pipeline with natural gas origination from the Mid-Continent and Rocky Mountain natural gas pools. Under the agreement with Kinder Morgan, which expires in May 2016, Kinder Morgan agrees to transport and deliver a minimum of 5,355 MMBTU per day at the maximum applicable rate under Kinder Morgan’s rate schedule; provided that we must pay Kinder Morgan a minimum transportation fee based on 6,300 MMBTU per day. The agreement also requires us to pay additional minimum transportation and demand charges and allows us to purchase natural gas directly from suppliers in the Rocky Mountain pool and transport it in Kinder Morgan’s pipeline to our plant. We generally seek bids for gas supply from a number of parties, including BP Amoco, ConocoPhillips, and others. Under the agreement with Central City, which expires in June 2014, the city transports and delivers natural gas from Kinder Morgan’s pipeline to our facility.
 
81


 

Business
 
Employees and Operations. Upon completion of our expansion of the Platte Valley facility, we expect to employ approximately 45 individuals at this facility. We expect approximately seven of these employees to be involved primarily in management and administration and the remainder to be involved primarily in plant operations.
Financing. Our Platte Valley facility was financed with a construction loan that converted to a term loan upon completion of construction. Construction of the Platte Valley facility was also funded with industrial revenue bonds. We also have a revolving line of credit for our Platte Valley facility. Our Platte Valley facility is subject to a mortgage in connection with these financing arrangements. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
We are currently in discussions with a lender regarding additional debt financing for the expansion of our Platte Valley facility. We expect that this additional financing will also be secured by a mortgage on the facility. There is no assurance, however, that we will be able to obtain required funding on terms acceptable to us or at all.
Woodbury facility
In May 2005, we acquired Superior Corn Products, LLC, which was developing a 45 mmgy nameplate ethanol facility on approximately 46 acres in Woodbury township, near Lake Odessa, Michigan. We later changed the name of this entity to US Bio Woodbury, LLC. We expect to complete construction of this facility in September 2006. Our Woodbury site is strategically located near major truck markets to Detroit and Chicago.
Capacity. Our Woodbury facility has expected capacity of 50 mmgy of ethanol and 160,000 tons of distillers grains per year. We expect that this facility will process approximately 18 million bushels of corn per year, which represents approximately 33.8% of the 53.3 million bushels of corn grown in the neighboring seven counties in 2005.
Transportation. We plan to receive corn and ship ethanol by rail and truck. The facility is located near Interstate 96 and CSX Transportation rail lines.
CSX is a common carrier, and we plan to ship by rail from our Woodbury facility under CSX’s published rate schedule. In addition, we expect to obtain an industry track agreement with CSX when we begin shipping products by rail.
Energy agreements. We have entered into agreements for the purchase of electricity and the transportation of natural gas. Our agreement with Homeworks Tri-County Electric Cooperative, or Homeworks, provides us with electricity at published rates based upon the terms and conditions set forth by the Michigan Public Service Commission, or MPSC. The agreement requires us to pay a fixed monthly facility fee and substation charge. The initial term of the agreement expires in September 2010. After the initial term, the agreement remains in effect until 12 months prior written notice is given by either party.
Our natural gas transportation agreement with Consumers Energy Company, or Consumers Energy, provides access to pipelines originating gas from points around the country or from Canada. Under the agreement, Consumers Energy agrees to transport and deliver contracted quantity in the first year of approximately 4,400 MMBTU per day, with a maximum daily quantity of 6,200 MMBTU, subject to adjustment. After the first year, the contracted quantity may change based upon our actual usage. We are required to pay published monthly transportation and demand charges under Consumers Energy’s rates, based upon the terms and conditions set forth by the MPSC. The initial term of our agreement expires in August 2007, but continues from month to month thereafter unless we provide Consumers Energy with a minimum twelve months’ written notice of our intent to cancel. We generally seek bids for gas supply from a number of parties, including BP Amoco, Husky, Nexen and others.
 
82


 

Business
 
Employees and Operations. Upon commencement of operations of the Woodbury facility, we expect to employ approximately 40 individuals at this facility. We expect approximately eight of these employees to be involved primarily in management and administration and the remainder to be involved primarily in plant operations.
Financing. We have a construction loan for the lesser of $36.0 million or 60% of the construction costs of our Woodbury facility. No amounts were outstanding under the construction loan as of March 31, 2006. The construction loan converts to a term loan upon completion of construction. We also have a revolving line of credit for our Woodbury facility. Our Woodbury facility is subject to a mortgage in connection with these financing arrangements. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
Albert City facility
In July 2005, we commenced construction of a 100 mmgy nameplate ethanol plant on approximately 78.5 acres of land in Albert City, Iowa. We expect to complete construction in November of 2006. The facility is located near a large grain elevator operated by Ag Partners, LLC. The Ag Partners elevator has existing relationships with local corn producers, which we believe will enhance the stability and reduce the cost of our corn supply. We have entered into an exclusive corn supply agreement with Ag Partners, LLC to capitalize on these expected advantages. Pursuant to the agreement, which extends into 2012, we agreed to purchase all of the corn needed for the ethanol production at our Albert City facility from Ag Partners at cost plus a $0.03 per bushel commission. After the first three years of the agreement, either party has the right to terminate the agreement for any reason upon 90 days prior written notice.
Capacity. Our Albert City facility has expected capacity of 100 mmgy of ethanol and 320,000 tons of distillers grains per year. We expect that this facility will process approximately 36 million bushels of corn per year, which represents approximately 14.0% of the 257.0 million bushels of corn grown in the neighboring nine counties in 2005.
Transportation. We plan to receive corn and ship ethanol by rail and truck. The facility is located on Highway 71 and on a spur connected to UP mainlines. UP is a common carrier, and we plan to ship by rail from this facility under UP’s published rate schedule. In addition, we expect to obtain an industry track agreement with UP when we begin shipping products by rail.
Energy agreements. We have entered into agreements for the purchase of electricity and the transportation of natural gas. Our agreement with Iowa Lakes Electric Cooperative, or Iowa Lakes, provides us with electricity at fixed rates. We are also required to pay certain demand charges based upon our maximum kilowatt demand. The agreement terminates in January 2017, renewing annually thereafter unless terminated with six months prior written notice by one of the parties.
Our natural gas transportation agreement with Northern Natural Gas, or NNG, provides us access to NNG’s pipeline and the Ventura hub. Under the agreement, which expires in September 2016, NNG agrees to transport and deliver up to a maximum of 9,400 MMBTU per day, subject to adjustment, for the maximum applicable rate under NNG’s rate schedule. The agreement also requires us to pay minimum monthly transportation charges. We generally seek bids for natural gas supply from a number of parties, including BP Amoco, ConocoPhillips, and others.
Employees and Operations. Upon commencement of operations of the Albert City plant, we expect to employ approximately 45 individuals at this facility. We expect approximately eight of these employees to be involved primarily in management and administration and the remainder to be involved primarily in plant operations.
Financing. We have a construction loan for the lesser of $75.0 million or 60% of the construction costs of our Albert City facility. No amounts were outstanding under the construction loan as of
 
83


 

Business
 
March 31, 2006. The construction loan converts to a term loan upon completion of construction. Construction of the Albert City facility has also been funded with $6.3 million of subordinated debt. We intend to prepay this subordinated debt with a portion of the proceeds of this offering. We also have a revolving line of credit for our Albert City facility. Our Albert City facility is subject to a mortgage in connection with these financing arrangements. See “Description of certain indebtedness.”
Val-E facility
In April 2006, we acquired Val-E Ethanol, LLC, which was developing a 45 mmgy nameplate ethanol facility on approximately 171 acres near Ord, Nebraska. We expect to complete construction in May 2007.
Capacity. Our Val-E facility has an expected capacity of 50 mmgy of ethanol and 160,000 tons of distillers grains. We expect that this facility will process approximately 18 million bushels of corn per year, which represents approximately 20.2% of the 89.3 million bushels of corn grown in the neighboring eight counties in 2005.
Transportation. We plan to receive corn and ship ethanol by rail and truck. The facility is located on Highway 11 and adjacent to NCR which has direct access to the UP mainlines. NCR and UP are common carriers, and we plan to ship by rail from this facility under NCR’s and UP’s published rate schedules. We also intend to enter into various agreements with the NCR, including a sidetrack railcar storage agreement, an industry track agreement and a transportation services agreement.
Energy agreements. We have entered or will enter into agreements for the purchase of electricity and the transportation of natural gas. We intend to enter into an agreement with the Loup Valley Rural Public Power District for the purchase of electricity for our plant.
We have entered into a Negotiated Rate Agreement for Distribution Transportation Service with Kinder Morgan Inc., Retail Distribution Division, or Kinder Morgan Retail, to provide for the transportation of natural gas to our plant. Under the agreement, which commences when natural gas deliveries to the plant begin and expires five years thereafter, Kinder Morgan Retail will deliver up to a maximum of 4,500 MMBTU per day to our facility. We are required to pay minimum transportation charges at a fixed rate during the five year period. The agreement also sets forth the required facility payment to cover certain construction costs to be incurred by Kinder Morgan Retail for the infrastructure required to deliver natural gas to our plant.
Employees. We expect to employee approximately 40 individuals at this facility.
Financing. We are currently in discussions with a lender regarding obtaining debt financing for the construction of the Val-E facility. We expect that this financing will be secured by a mortgage on the facility. There is no assurance, however, that we will be able to obtain the required funding on terms acceptable to us or at all.
 
84


 

Business
 
Plants in permitting and development
We currently have five planned facilities that are either in the permitting or development stage. Completion of these facilities is contingent on zoning, permitting, financing and other factors. The following table sets forth a summary of these planned facilities:
                             
    In development
     
        Total in
    Hankinson   Dyersville   Grinnell   Janesville   Springfield   development
 
Location
  Hankinson, North Dakota   Dyersville, Iowa   Grinnell, Iowa   Janesville, Minnesota   Springfield, Minnesota        
Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy)
  100   100   50(1)   100   50     400  
Production Process
  Dry Mill   Dry Mill   Dry Mill   Dry Mill   Dry Mill        
Primary Energy Source
  Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas   Natural Gas        
Construction Commitment
  Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen   Fagen        
Announcement/Acquisition Date
  March
2006
  July
2006
  May
2006
  December
2005
  April
2006
       
Expected Construction Start Date
  Q4
2006
  Q4
2006
  2007   2007(2)   2007(2)        
 
(1) Represents 50% of the 100 mmgy ethanol production capacity of the planned Grinnell facility. We have entered into a letter of intent with Big River Resources, LLC to jointly develop this facility. Under the terms of this letter of intent, we will each own a 50% interest in the Grinnell facility.
 
(2) In Minnesota, we are prohibited from beginning any construction activities until we have obtained all necessary permits.
We expect to finance the construction costs of our five ethanol plants in development with the net proceeds we receive from this offering, additional borrowings and from our cash flow from operations.
Projects under evaluation
We are also evaluating several additional projects. We have identified a number of potential sites for these projects and are currently conducting feasibility studies on these sites.
                     
    Projects under evaluation
     
        Total
        under
Location   Build slot 10   Build slot 11   Build slot 12   evaluation
 
Ethanol Production Capacity (mmgy):
  100   100   100     300  
Energy Source:
  Natural Gas, Coal, or Biomass   Natural Gas, Coal, or Biomass   Natural Gas, Coal, or Biomass        
 
85


 

Business
 
OTHER PROPERTIES
Our principal executive offices are located in Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota. We lease this facility from CHS, Inc., a related party. In addition, Capitaline Advisors, LLC, a related party, allows us to use office space located in Brookings, South Dakota for a monthly fee. We also lease office space located in Wichita, Kansas, and storage capacity at fuel terminals located throughout the Midwest. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”
SEASONALITY
As we increase our ethanol production capacity, we expect our operating results will be increasingly influenced by seasonal fluctuations in the price of our primary operating inputs, corn and natural gas, and the price of our primary product, ethanol. In recent years, the spot price of corn tended to rise during the Spring planting season in May and June and tended to decrease during the fall harvest in October and November. The price for natural gas, however, tends to move opposite that of corn and tends to be lower in the Spring and Summer and higher in the Fall and Winter. In addition, our ethanol prices are substantially correlated with the price of unleaded gasoline, which tends to rise during each of the Summer and Winter. As a result of seasonal fluctuations, we believe comparisons of operating measures between consecutive quarters may be not as meaningful as comparisons between longer reporting periods.
COMPETITION
We have no long-term contracts to sell ethanol or to process corn into ethanol for third-parties. Hence, we rely on open-market sales of ethanol for our revenues. The market in which we sell our ethanol is highly competitive. According to the RFA, world ethanol production rose to 12 billion gallons in 2005 and non-U.S. ethanol accounted for 65% of such production. The U.S. and Brazil are the world’s largest producers of ethanol. As of June 2006, industry capacity in the U.S. approximated 4.5 billion gallons per year, with an additional 2.2 billion gallons per year of capacity under construction. The ethanol industry in the U.S. consists of more than 100 production facilities and is primarily corn based, while the Brazilian ethanol industry depends primarily on sugar cane for its ethanol production. As of June 2006, the top ten producers accounted for approximately 46% of the ethanol production capacity in the U.S. according to the RFA.
We compete with Archer Daniels Midland Company, which is the single largest producer in our industry, as well as other large producers such as VeraSun, Hawkeye, Aventine and Cargill. The industry is otherwise highly fragmented, with many small, independent firms and farmer-owned cooperatives constituting the rest of the market.
We believe that our ability to compete successfully in the ethanol production industry depends on many factors, including, price, reliability of our production processes and delivery schedule, and volume of ethanol produced and sold.
With respect to distillers grains, we compete with other suppliers (i.e., other ethanol producers) as well as a number of large and smaller suppliers of competing animal feed. We believe the principal competitive factors are price, proximity to purchasers and product quality.
Our marketing and management services businesses compete with larger ethanol producers and many small marketers.
 
86


 

Business
 
ENVIRONMENTAL
We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground; the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials; and the health and safety of our employees. These laws and regulations require us to obtain and comply with numerous environmental permits to construct and operate our ethanol plans. They can require expensive pollution control equipment or operational changes to limit actual or potential impacts to the environment. A violation of these laws, regulations or permit conditions can result in substantial fines, natural resource damage, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns. We do not anticipate a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition as a result of our efforts to comply with these requirements. We also do not expect to incur material capital expenditures for environmental controls in this or the succeeding fiscal year.
There is a risk of liability for the investigation and cleanup of environmental contamination at each of the properties that we own or operate and at off-site locations where we arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances. If these substances have been or are disposed of or released at sites that undergo investigation and/or remediation by regulatory agencies, we may be responsible under CERCLA or other environmental laws for all or part of the costs of investigation and/or remediation and for damage to natural resources. We may also be subject to related claims by private parties alleging property damage and personal injury due to exposure to hazardous or other materials at or from these properties. Some of these matters may require us to expend significant amounts for investigation and/or cleanup or other costs. We are not aware of any material environmental liabilities relating to contamination at or from our facilities or at off-site locations where we have transported or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances.
In addition, new laws, new interpretations of existing laws, increased governmental enforcement of environmental laws or other developments could require us to make additional significant expenditures. Continued government and public emphasis on environmental issues can be expected to result in increased future investments for environmental controls at our ongoing operations. Present and future environmental laws and regulations (and related interpretations) applicable to our operations, more vigorous enforcement policies and discovery of currently unknown conditions may require substantial capital and other expenditures. For example, our air emissions are subject to the federal Clean Air Act, the federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and similar state and local laws and associated regulations. The U.S. EPA has promulgated National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, or NESHAP, under the federal Clean Air Act that could apply to facilities that we own or operate if the emissions of hazardous air pollutants exceed certain thresholds. If a facility we operate is authorized to emit hazardous air pollutants above the threshold level, then we are required to comply with the NESHAP related to our manufacturing process and would be required to come into compliance with another NESHAP applicable to boilers and process heaters by September 13, 2007. New or expanded facilities would be required to comply with both standards upon startup if they exceed the hazardous air pollutant threshold. In addition to costs for achieving and maintaining compliance with these laws, more stringent standards may also limit our operating flexibility. Likewise, federal and state environmental authorities have recently been investigating alleged excess volatile organic compounds and other air emissions from certain U.S. ethanol plants. Because other domestic ethanol manufacturers will have similar restrictions, however, we believe that compliance with more stringent air emission control or other environmental laws and regulations is not likely to materially affect our competitive position.
In addition, to construct and operate our ethanol plants, we will need to obtain and comply with a number of permit requirements. As a condition to granting necessary permits, regulators could make demands that increase our costs of construction and operations, in which case we could be forced to
 
87


 

Business
 
obtain additional debt or equity capital. Permit conditions could also restrict or limit the extent of our operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain and comply with all necessary permits to construct our ethanol plants. Failure to obtain and comply with all applicable permits and licenses could halt our construction and could subject us to future claims.
EMPLOYEES
As of June 30, 2006, we had approximately 160 full-time employees. None of our employees is covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we are involved in litigation and administrative proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of our business. We do not believe that any of the matters in which we are currently involved, either individually or in the aggregate, are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
88


 

 
Management
In connection with this offering, we intend to amend and restate our articles of incorporation and bylaws. The following summary of our management and directors contains reference to provisions of the amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws, including the classification of the Board of Directors and the election and term of service of directors, that will be in effect upon the completion of this offering.
The following table identifies our executive officers and directors, who will be serving upon completion of this offering, and their ages as of June 30, 2006.
             
Name   Age   Position
 
Gordon W. Ommen
    47     Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board
Brian D. Thome
    33     President
Richard K. Atkinson
    55     Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Randall G. Ives
    50     Senior Vice President of Distillers Grains
Michael F. Malecha
    54     Senior Vice President of Risk Management
Douglas M. Anderson
    51     Vice President of Operations
Virg G. Garbers
    49     Vice President and Corporate Controller
Ron L. Hansen
    46     Vice President of UBE Services
Chad D. Hatch
    36     Vice President of Finance and Treasurer
Gregory S. Schlicht
    35     Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
James E. Dauwalter
    55     Director
Jay D. Debertin
    46     Director
Jennifer A. Johnson
    51     Director
Clifford F. Mesner
    54     Director
James B. Morgan
    59     Director
Steven P. Myers
    56     Director
Each officer serves at the discretion of our Board of Directors and holds office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.
The following sets forth certain biographical information with respect to our executive officers and directors who will be serving upon completion of this offering:
Gordon W. Ommen
Mr. Ommen has served as our Chief Executive Officer since our inception in October 2004 and as Chairman of our Board since April 2005. Mr. Ommen also served as our President from our inception to February 2006. Until December 2005, Mr. Ommen served as the President of Capitaline Advisors, LLC, a private equity investment management firm specializing in renewable energy investments and one of our principal shareholders. Mr. Ommen founded Capitaline Advisors in December 2002. Prior to founding Capitaline Advisors, Mr. Ommen served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of Fishback Financial Corporation, a multi-bank holding company located in Brookings, South Dakota, from 1991 to 2003. From 1997 to 2003, Mr. Ommen also served as President and Director of First National Venture Capital, Inc., a venture capital subsidiary of First National Bank, a bank located in Brookings, South Dakota.
 
89


 

Management
 
Brian D. Thome
Mr. Thome has served as our President since March 2006. Mr. Thome also served as one of our Directors from our inception in October 2004 to May 2006. Prior to joining us, Mr. Thome served as a Director of Financial Investments of Fagen, Inc., a design-build contractor, from December 2004 to March 2006 and one of our principal shareholders. Prior to joining Fagen, Mr. Thome served as Second Vice President of Corporate Lending of First National Bank of Omaha, a lender in the biofuels industry, from January 1999 to December 2004.
Richard K. Atkinson
Mr. Atkinson has served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since June 2006. Prior to joining us, Mr. Atkinson served as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of Pope & Talbot, Inc., a manufacturer of wood products and pulp, since December 2003. From December 2002 to December 2003, Mr. Atkinson served as Chief Financial Officer of Sierra Pacific Resources, a utilities holding company. Mr. Atkinson also served as Vice President and Treasurer of Sierra Pacific Resources from December 2000 to December 2003.
Randall G. Ives
Mr. Ives has served as our Senior Vice President since May 2006. Prior to becoming one of our Senior Vice Presidents, Mr. Ives served as our Vice President since May 2005. Mr. Ives also served as Vice President of United Bio Energy, LLC, a provider of services to third-party biofuels producers which we acquired in May 2005, from November 2003 to May 2005 and as President of ICM Marketing, Inc., a marketer of distillers grains, from April 2000 to May 2005.
Michael F. Malecha
Mr. Malecha has served as our Senior Vice President since May 2005. From January 2005 to May 2005, Mr. Malecha served as Senior Vice President of United Bio Energy, LLC, a provider of services to third-party biofuels producers which we acquired in May 2005. From February 2004 to January 2005, Mr. Malecha served as Project Manager of United Bio Energy Management, LLC, a provider of ethanol plant management services which we acquired in connection with our acquisition of United Bio Energy. From May 2001 to February 2004, Mr. Malecha served as President of Ag Innovations, LLC, a consulting firm in the biofuels industry, which Mr. Malecha formed to provide management consulting and business development services to industry clients. Mr. Malecha has held various positions with the National Grain and Feed Association, including a seat on its Board of Directors from June 2006 to present, and he currently serves on the animal agricultural committee and the feed legislative regulatory affairs committee.
Douglas M. Anderson
Mr. Anderson has served as our Vice President of plant operations since July 2006. Mr. Anderson also served as General Manager of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, an entity which owns an operating ethanol plant which we acquired in April 2006, from May 2004 to July 2006, and as General Manager of Val-E Ethanol, LLC, an entity formed to own and operate an ethanol plant which we acquired in April 2006, from its inception to July 2006. Prior to joining Platte Valley, Mr. Anderson served from November 2001 to November 2003 as Animal Protein Supply Chain Leader and from November 2003 to April 2004 as Worldwide Protein Procurer for The Iams Company in Dayton, Ohio, a manufacturer of pet food and pet care products, which is owned by The Proctor & Gamble Company. Prior to serving as Animal Protein Supply Chain Leader, Mr. Anderson served as Plant Manager for The Iams Company’s Aurora, Nebraska, production facility from 2001 to April 2004.
 
90


 

Management
 
Virg G. Garbers
Mr. Garbers has served as our Vice President and Corporate Controller since joining our company in October 2005. Prior to joining us, Mr. Garbers served as Controller of Angus Industries, Inc., a manufacturing company, since January 2000. Mr. Garbers also served as Controller of Capitaline Advisors, a private equity investment management firm and one of our principal shareholders, from October 2005 to December 2005. Mr. Garbers has also worked as a Certified Public Accountant at the public accounting firm of Price Waterhouse LLP.
Ron L. Hansen
Mr. Hansen has served as Vice President of our subsidiary, UBE Services, since May 2005. Mr. Hansen also served as Assistant Vice President of UBE Ingredients, LLC, a marketer of distillers grains which we acquired in connection with our acquisition of United Bio Energy in May 2005, from January 2004 to August 2005. From October 2002 to January 2004, Mr. Hansen served as a Business Manager of ICM Marketing, Inc., a marketer of distillers grains. From August 2001 to October 2002, Mr. Hansen served as Sales and Marketing Manager for the southwest plains farm services group of Cargill AgHorizons.
Chad D. Hatch
Mr. Hatch has served as our Vice President of Finance and Treasurer since May 2006. Mr. Hatch also served as our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from January 2005 to May 2006. From January 2005 to December 2005, Mr. Hatch served as the Vice President of Capitaline Advisors, LLC, a private equity investment management firm specializing in renewable energy investments and one of our principal shareholders. Prior to joining Capitaline Advisors, Mr. Hatch served as an Investment Manager of various portfolio companies for Bluestem Capital Company, a private equity firm based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, from May 2001 to December 2004. Mr. Hatch also worked for McGladrey and Pullen, our independent auditors, as a Certified Public Accountant from December 1999 to May 2001. Mr. Hatch is also a former US Army Officer who was based at Ft. Carson, Colorado where he served in a number of tank platoon leader positions, including leading an M1A1 tank platoon.
Gregory S. Schlicht
Mr. Schlicht has served as our Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary since joining our company in July 2006. Prior to joining us, Mr. Schlicht served as Corporate Counsel of Westar Energy, Inc., an electric utility, since July 2003. From July 2000 to July 2003, Mr. Schlicht served as Corporate Counsel of Aquila, Inc., a gas and electric utility. Mr. Schlicht has also worked at the law firm of Blackwell Sanders Peper Martin LLP.
James E. Dauwalter
Mr. Dauwalter has served as one of our Directors since July 2006. Mr. Dauwalter serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Entegris, Inc., a materials integrity management company. Prior to his appointment as Chairman in August 2005, he served as the Chief Executive Officer of Entegris since January 2001. Mr. Dauwalter joined Entegris in 1972 and held a variety of positions prior to his first executive appointment in March 2000 as chief operating officer.
Jay D. Debertin
Mr. Debertin has served as one of our Directors since June 2006. Mr. Debertin also currently serves as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Processing, of CHS Inc., a diversified energy, grains and foods company and one of our principal shareholders, a position he has held since December 2004. Prior to becoming Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Processing, Mr. Debertin served as Senior Vice President, Energy Operations of CHS since January 2001. Mr. Debertin also serves on the Boards of Directors of the National Cooperative Refinery Association,
 
91


 

Management
 
Horizon Milling, LLC and Ventura Foods, LLC. Mr. Debertin has been appointed to our Board pursuant to a subscription agreement we entered into with CHS. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions — Transactions with CHS Inc.”
Jennifer A. Johnson
Ms. Johnson has served as one of our Directors since our inception in October 2004. Ms. Johnson also served as our Treasurer from our inception in October 2004 to June 2006. Ms. Johnson has served as Chief Financial Officer of Fagen, Inc., a design-build contractor, since December 1994 and as a Director of Fagen, Inc. since May 2001. Ms. Johnson also serves on the boards of F&M State Bank of Clarkfield and Granite Falls Bank, both of which are located in Minnesota.
Clifford F. Mesner
Mr. Mesner has served as one of our Directors since March 2006. Mr. Mesner has been a private practice attorney since 1978. Currently, Mr. Mesner practices primarily real estate and business development law in Central City, Nebraska. Mr. Mesner served as city attorney for Central City, Nebraska from 1980 to November 2002 and also currently serves as the city’s economic development Director, a position he has held since 1980. Mr. Mesner has also served as Chairman of the Board of Managers of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, an entity which owns an operating plant which we acquired in April 2006, since February 2003 and as Chairman of the Board of Managers of Val-E Ethanol, an entity formed to own and operate an ethanol plant which we acquired in April 2006, since December 2005.
James B. Morgan
Mr. Morgan has served as one of our Directors since July 2005. Since November 2001, Mr. Morgan has also served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Daktronics Inc., a designer and manufacturer of electronic displays. Prior to serving as the President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Morgan served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Daktronics since August 1999. Mr. Morgan also currently serves as a Director of Daktronics.
Steven P. Myers
Mr. Myers has served as one of our Directors since our inception in October 2004. From October 2004 to June 2006, Mr. Myers served as our Senior Vice President of Finance. Mr. Myers also currently serves as President of Capitaline Advisors, LLC, a private equity investment management firm specializing in renewable energy investments and one of our principal shareholders. Prior to serving as President, Mr. Myers served as Managing Director of Capitaline Advisors from 2003 to December 2005. Mr. Myers also serves as President of Myden Co., a holding company that owns real estate and other investments, a position he has held since 1996.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Our Board of Directors currently consists of seven members. Prior to completion of this offering, our articles of incorporation will be amended to divide our board into three classes, with one class being elected each year. Each director will serve a three-year term, with termination staggered according to class, except that Class I directors will have an initial term expiring in 2007, Class II directors will have an initial term expiring in 2008 and Class III directors will have an initial term expiring in 2009. Class I will initially be comprised of Gordon Ommen, Steve Myers and Jim Morgan. Class II will initially be comprised of Cliff Mesner and Jennifer Johnson. Class III will initially be comprised of Jay Debertin and James Dauwalter. Under the rules of The NASDAQ Global Market, a majority of the board must be independent on or before the date that is one year after the consummation of this offering. We intend to comply with this requirement as it becomes applicable to us.
 
92


 

Management
 
COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Prior to the consummation of this offering, we plan to establish an audit committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee and a compensation committee.
Audit Committee
The audit committee will be comprised of not fewer than three directors elected by a majority of the board. The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes, as well as the audits of our financial statements, including retaining and discharging our auditors. Our audit committee will comply with the independence requirements of The NASDAQ Global Market and the rules of the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. It is expected that the audit committee will initially be comprised of Messrs. Dauwalter, Morgan and Mesner. Messrs. Dauwalter and Morgan are each independent within the meaning of SEC and NASDAQ rules. In accordance with NASDAQ rules, we intend to appoint a third independent director to our Board of Directors within 12 months of the consummation of this offering, who will replace Mr. Mesner as a member of the audit committee so that all of the committee members will be independent within the meaning of SEC and NASDAQ rules. We expect that Mr. Morgan will be designated as our audit committee financial expert as defined under applicable SEC rules.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The nominating and corporate governance committee will be comprised of not fewer than three directors elected by a majority of the board. The nominating and corporate governance committee’s responsibilities will include identifying and recommending to the board appropriate director nominee candidates and providing oversight with respect to corporate governance matters. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will comply with the independence requirements of The NASDAQ Global Market. It is expected that the nominating and corporate governance committee will initially be comprised of Messrs. Dauwalter, Morgan and Debertin. Messrs. Dauwalter and Morgan are each independent within the meaning of NASDAQ rules. In accordance with NASDAQ rules, we intend to appoint a third independent director to our Board of Directors within 12 months of the consummation of this offering, who will replace Mr. Debertin as a member of the nominating and corporate governance committee so that all of the committee members will be independent within the meaning of SEC and NASDAQ rules.
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee will be comprised of not fewer than three directors elected by a majority of the board. The compensation committee will oversee the administration of our benefit plans, review and administer all compensation arrangements for executive officers and establish and review general policies relating to the compensation and benefits of our officers and employees. Our compensation committee will comply with the independence requirements of The NASDAQ Global Market. It is expected that the compensation committee will initially be comprised of Messrs. Dauwalter, Morgan and Debertin. Messrs. Dauwalter and Morgan are each independent within the meaning of NASDAQ rules. In accordance with NASDAQ rules, we intend to appoint a third independent director to our Board of Directors within 12 months of the consummation of this offering, who will replace Mr. Debertin as a member of the compensation committee so that all of the committee members will be independent within the meaning of SEC and NASDAQ rules.
We had no compensation committee during the year ended December 31, 2005. All of the members of our Board of Directors who served during 2005, including, Gordon Ommen, Ron Fagen, Steve Myers, O. Wayne Mitchell, Brian Thome, Jennifer Johnson, Jill Wilts, David Vander Griend, James Morgan, Don Olson and Dennis Wendland, participated in various stages of deliberations concerning executive officer compensation. In addition, certain members of our Board of Directors during 2005 had
 
93


 

Management
 
relationships or engaged in transactions with us. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
The non-employee members of our Board of Directors currently receive annual cash retainers of $15,000 in connection with their services as directors. Each non-employee director also receives an additional $2,500 for each board meeting attended in person, and $500 for each board meeting attended telephonically. In addition, on the date of each of our annual meetings, each non-employee director who continues to serve on such date will receive restricted shares of our common stock with a value of $50,000 with prorated awards to be paid to non-employee directors who commenced serving as non-employee directors after the previous annual meeting. The restricted shares will vest on the first anniversary of the grant date. In addition, our non-employee directors are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending board and committee meetings.
The chairman of the audit committee will receive an additional annual retainer of $9,000, with audit committee members each receiving additional annual retainers of $6,000, and the chairman of each of the compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees will receive an additional annual retainer of $6,000, with the members of those committees each receiving additional annual retainers of $4,000.
In recognition of their services as directors, in both January and November 2005, each of our non-employee directors was granted, under the 2005 Plan, an option to purchase 30,000 shares of our common stock. Each grant has a seven-year term and exercise price of $1.00, which was the fair market value of our stock on the date of grants, as determined by our Board of Directors. Each option vests and becomes exercisable as to 10,000 shares on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary compensation table
The following table shows all compensation received during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 by our chief executive officer and our four other most highly compensated executive officers. These individuals are referred to as the “named executive officers.” The compensation described in this table does not include medical, disability, group life insurance or other benefits that are available generally to all of our salaried employees.
                                                                 
                    Long term compensation    
                         
        Annual compensation   Awards   Payouts    
                     
            Restricted   Securities        
            Other annual   stock   underlying   LTIP   All other
        Salary   Bonus   compensation   award(s)   options   payouts   compensation
Name and current principal position   Year   ($)   ($)   ($)(1)   ($)   (#)   ($)   ($)(2)
 
Gordon W. Ommen, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
    2005                   (3 )           60,000              
Michael F. Malecha, Senior Vice President of Risk Management
    2005     $ 135,000 (4)   $ 17,732                   50,000             $4,050  
Jeffrey R. Roskam, Former Vice President(5)
    2005     $ 150,000 (4)   $ 1,000                   75,000 (6)           $4,500  
Chad D. Hatch, Vice President of Finance and Treasurer
    2005     $ 100,000 (7)   $ 27,000 (7)                 55,000              
Gerald H. Byrnes, Former Vice President(5)
    2005     $ 103,125 (4)   $ 10,875                   50,000 (6)           $3,240  
 
94


 

Management
 
 
(1) The Other Annual Compensation column excludes perquisites that do not exceed the lesser of (a) $50,000 and (b) 10% of the named executive officer’s salary and bonus shown for the named executive officers during the year, in accordance with applicable Securities and Exchange Commission regulations.
(2) The entries in this column represent employer matching contributions made under our 401(k) Plan.
(3) No compensation was paid directly to Gordon Ommen in 2005 for his services as the Chairman of our Board of Directors and our President. However, certain payments were made to Gordon Ommen’s affiliate for services rendered by Gordon Ommen and several other employees and consultants. For information regarding these payments, see “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”
(4) Michael Malecha, Jeffrey Roskam and Gerald Byrnes were employees of United BioEnergy, LLC, which we acquired in May 2005. The amounts shown reflect full year 2005 compensation.
(5) Jeffrey Roskam and Gerald Byrnes ceased to be employed by us in March 2006.
(6) Pursuant to the terms of the applicable incentive stock option agreement, these options have expired.
(7) Chad Hatch was an employee of Capitaline Advisors, LLC in 2005, during which time he provided services to us as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. The salary and bonus amounts shown were paid to him by Capitaline Advisors, LLC.
Option grants in last fiscal year
The following table summarizes the stock options granted to each named executive officer during 2005, including the potential realizable value over the term of the options, which is based on assumed rates of stock appreciation of 5% and 10%, compounded annually and subtracting from that result the aggregate option exercise price. These assumed rates of appreciation comply with the rules of the SEC and do not represent our estimate of our future stock prices. Actual gains, if any, on stock option exercises will depend on the future performance of our common stock. There can be no assurance that the amounts reflected in this table will be achieved. The percentage of total options granted to
 
95


 

Management
 
employees is based upon options to purchase an aggregate of 1,424,500 shares of our common stock that we granted during 2005.
                                                 
                    Potential realizable value
                    at assumed annual rates
    of stock price appreciation
Individual grants(1)   for option term
     
    % of total        
    options        
    Number of securities   granted   Exercise        
    underlying options   to employees   price   Expiration    
Name   granted (#)   in fiscal year   ($/Sh)   date   5% ($)   10% ($)
 
Gordon W. Ommen
    30,000 (2)     2.11%       $1.00       1/28/2012     $ 12,213     $ 28,462  
      30,000 (2)     2.11%       $1.00       11/28/2012     $ 18,867     $ 47,812  
 
Michael F. Malecha
    25,000 (3)     1.76%       $1.00       5/5/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
      25,000 (3)     1.76%       $1.00       11/28/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
 
Jeffrey R. Roskam(4)
    50,000 (3)(5)     3.51%       $1.00       5/5/2015     $ 31,445     $ 79,687  
      25,000 (3)(5)     1.76%       $1.00       11/28/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
 
Chad D. Hatch
    30,000 (2)     1.76%       $1.00       1/28/2012     $ 12,213     $ 28,462  
      25,000 (3)     1.76%       $1.00       11/28/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
 
Gerald H. Byrnes(4)
    25,000 (3)(5)     1.76%       $1.00       5/5/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
      25,000 (3)(5)     1.76%       $1.00       11/28/2015     $ 15,722     $ 39,844  
 
(1) No stock appreciation rights (SARs) were granted during 2005.
 
(2) Grants of nonqualified stock options that vest in equal thirds annually, beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Options will become fully vested upon a change in control, as defined in the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.
 
(3) Grants of incentive stock options that vest 20% annually, beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Options will become fully vested upon a change in control, as defined in the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.
 
(4) Jeffrey Roskam and Gerald Byrnes ceased to be employed by us in March 2006.
 
(5) Pursuant to the terms of the applicable incentive stock option agreement, these options have expired.
 
96


 

Management
 
Aggregated option exercises in last fiscal year and fiscal year-end option values
The following table shows information concerning the number and value of unexercised options held by each of our named executive officers as of December 31, 2005.
                                 
            Number of    
            securities   Value of
            underlying   unexercised
            unexercised   in-the-money
            options at   options at
            FY-end (#)   FY-end ($)
                 
    Shares acquired       Exercisable/   Exercisable/
Name   on exercise (#)   Value realized ($)   unexercisable   unexercisable(1)
 
Gordon W. Ommen
                50,000       $0/$0  
Michael F. Malecha
                0/50,000       $0/$0  
Jeffrey R. Roskam
                0/75,000 (2)     $0/$0  
Chad D. Hatch
                10,000/45,000       $0/$0  
Gerald H. Byrnes
                0/50,000 (2)     $0/$0  
 
(1) There was no public trading market for our common stock as of December 31, 2005. Accordingly, these values have been calculated based on our Board of Directors’ determination of the fair market value of the underlying shares as of December 31, 2005 of $1.00 per share, less the applicable exercise price per share, multiplied by the underlying shares.
 
(2) Pursuant to the terms of the applicable incentive stock option agreement, these options have expired.
PROPOSED 2006 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN, OR 2006 PLAN
The following is a description of the material terms of our 2006 Plan, which we intend to adopt prior to our offering. This summary is not intended to be a complete description of all provisions of the 2006 Plan and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our 2006 Plan, which we intend to file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Purpose. Our 2006 Plan is intended to serve as the successor equity incentive program to our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan. See “2005 Stock Incentive Plan” for a description of that plan. The purpose of the 2006 Plan is to attract and retain executives, employees, board members and consultants and enable such individuals to participate in the long-term success of our Company by giving them a proprietary interest.
Forms of Awards. The 2006 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, unrestricted stock, performance stock, deferred stock, stock appreciation rights and other awards to employees, directors and consultants. These awards are described below.
Plan Participants. Our officers and other employees, members of our Board of Directors and our consultants, in each case, who are responsible for or who contribute to the management, growth and/or profitability of our business are eligible to be granted awards under our 2006 Plan. Our plan administrator grants awards to the individuals it selects from among those eligible.
Share Reserve Limit and Counting.                      shares of our common stock have been reserved for issuance under our 2006 Plan, and all such shares shall consist of authorized and unissued shares of stock or our treasury shares, or a combination. All such shares may be issued as incentive stock options. At such time as we are subject to the limitations under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to awards under our 2006 Plan, no recipient will receive grants of options
 
97


 

Management
 
or stock appreciation rights under our 2006 Plan that together exceed 1,000,000 shares of our common stock during any fiscal year.
If any shares of our common stock become available as a result of canceled, unexercised, lapsed or terminated awards under our 2006 Plan, then these shares will again be available for grant of future awards. In addition, upon a stock-for-stock exercise of an award, which involves the withholding of shares of our common stock for the payment of the exercise price or taxes with respect to an award, only the net number of shares of our common stock issued to the recipient will be used to calculate the number of shares remaining available for distribution under our 2006 Plan. Further, the grant of any restricted stock units or stock appreciation rights that may be settled only in cash will not reduce the number of shares of our common stock with respect to which awards may be granted and, upon exercise of a stock appreciation right, only the number of shares of our common stock actually issued will reduce the number of shares with respect to which future awards may be granted.
Adjustments Upon a Corporate Transaction or Similar Event. In the event we engage in or are involved in a corporate transaction that affects our stock or otherwise is reasonable likely to result in the diminution or enlargement of benefits available under our 2006 Plan or with respect to an outstanding award, as described in the 2006 Plan, the plan administrator may, without the consent of any award recipient, make any adjustment as it determines in its discretion to be appropriate as to the number and kind of shares of our common stock subject to and reserved under our 2006 Plan, including any limits on shares established under our 2006 Plan, the exercise or purchase price of each share subject to an award and the number and kind of securities issuable upon exercise, payment or settlement of an award and also may provide for the cancellation of any outstanding award in exchange for payment in cash or other property of the fair market value of the shares of our common stock or units covered by such awards, reduced, however, by the exercise or purchase price thereof, to the extent applicable.
Administration of Our 2006 Plan. Our 2006 Plan will be administered by our Board of Directors or by a committee appointed by our Board consisting of at least three members of our Board, each of whom will serve at the pleasure of our Board. If at any time no committee is in office, then our Board will exercise the functions of the committee except that:
Ø  at such time as any award is subject to the limitations under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (regarding the nondeductibility of certain non-performance based compensation), our 2006 Plan will be administered by a committee consisting solely of members that satisfy the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code;
 
Ø  at such time as we are subject to the limitations under Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the committee will consist solely of members that satisfy the applicable requirements of Section 16(b); and
 
Ø  to the extent applicable, our 2006 Plan will be administered by a committee that is comprised solely of members who satisfy the applicable requirements of any stock exchange on which the stock may then be listed.
The administrator of our 2006 Plan has the power to, among other things, determine the terms of the awards, including the exercise or purchase price, the number of shares subject to each award, the vesting, exercisability, forfeiture provisions, performance goals and periods and other terms and conditions of the awards and the amount and form of consideration payable upon exercise, grant or settlement, and also has the power to interpret and otherwise administer our 2006 Plan.
Change in Control. Upon the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in our 2006 Plan), except as otherwise provided in an award agreement, all outstanding awards granted to an award recipient that have not yet vested will immediately vest and all restrictions on awards will immediately lapse,
 
98


 

Management
 
each outstanding option and stock appreciation right will become fully and immediately exercisable, and the plan administrator may determine the period during which such options and stock appreciation rights shall remain exercisable, provided that, unless otherwise provided in an award agreement or by the plan administrator, the awards will terminate effective as of the consummation of the change in control.
Descriptions of Types of Awards. Our 2006 Plan provides for the grant of the following types of awards:
Ø  Stock Options. Our 2006 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options to our employees and non-qualified stock options to employees, directors and consultants. Options may be granted with terms determined by the plan administrator, provided that incentive stock options are subject to statutory ISO limitations, and the exercise price of all options may not be less than 100% (or 110% with respect to ISOs granted to 10% shareholders) of the fair market value of our common stock as of the date of grant.
 
Ø  Restricted Stock. With respect to restricted stock, participants may be conferred all of the rights of a shareholder with respect to such stock, unless an award agreement provides otherwise. Restricted stock generally may be subject to a repurchase right by us in the event the recipient ceases to be employed by us or to provide services to us. Restricted stock may be subject to vesting over time or upon achievement of performance goals.
 
Ø  Performance Stock. Performance Stock are awards of shares of our common stock that are subject to the attainment of specified performance goals over a specified performance period, after which time the award will no longer be subject to forfeiture. The plan administrator also may grant unrestricted shares of our common stock in connection with employment by us or performance of services for us.
 
Ø  Restricted Stock Units. Restricted stock units are awards of units, each representing one share of our common stock, and these units are subject to vesting conditions based on a vesting schedule and/or performance criteria established by the plan administrator. Restricted stock units will be settled in shares of our common stock, but unlike restricted stock, these shares would not be issued until the restricted stock units have vested.
 
Ø  Stock Appreciation Rights. Stock appreciation rights typically will provide for payments to the holder based upon increases in the price of our common stock over either the exercise price of the stock appreciation right or, where the right is issued in tandem with an option, the exercise price of the related option. The stock appreciation rights may be settled in cash, shares of our common stock or a combination (as determined by the plan administrator).
 
Ø  Deferred Stock. Deferred stock awards are awards of the right to receive shares of our common stock at the end of a specified deferral period or upon the achievement of specified performance criteria.
 
Ø  Other Awards. Other forms of awards include awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, shares of our common stock, dividends with respect to stock or other units or measures. Other awards may be settled in shares of our common stock, cash or a combination (as determined by the plan administrator).
Plan Amendment and Termination. Our Board of Directors may amend, alter or discontinue our 2006 Plan, but no amendment, alteration, or discontinuation may be made that would impair the rights of a recipient of a vested award without the recipient’s consent. In addition, unless our Board of Directors determines otherwise, the Board will obtain approval of our shareholders to the extent required by applicable law or exchange rules. Our plan administrator may amend the terms of any
 
99


 

Management
 
outstanding awards, prospectively or retroactively; however, except with respect to amendments related to changes in capitalization or a change in control, no amendment will impair the rights of any recipient without his or her consent. In addition, neither our 2006 Plan nor any outstanding option or stock appreciation right may be amended to decrease the exercise price of such award unless first approved by the requisite vote of our shareholders.
AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN, OR 2005 PLAN
Our 2005 Plan became effective on January 28, 2005 (the “Effective Date”), which was the date it was adopted by our Board of Directors and approved by our shareholders. Our 2005 Plan will terminate upon the adoption and shareholder approval of our 2006 Plan. Under our 2005 Plan, ten million shares were initially reserved for issuance of awards, and 8,169,500 are currently available. However, effective as of our offering, no further grants will be made under our 2005 Plan, although outstanding options and other awards will continue to vest and otherwise be governed by the terms of our 2005 Plan. The terms of our 2005 Plan are substantially similar to our 2006 Plan, but the major differences are that our 2005 Plan does not provide for the grant of restricted stock units or other stock awards, would permit re-pricing of options without shareholder approval, and would permit nonqualified stock options to be granted with an exercise price equal to or greater than 50% of the fair market value of our shares of common stock on the date of grant, whereas the minimum exercise price for all options under our 2006 Plan is 100% of the fair market value.
2005 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
We adopted the 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the 2005 ESPP, which commenced on July 29, 2005 and terminated on September 30, 2005. The purpose of the 2005 ESPP was to encourage stock ownership by certain of our key employees and consultants, and the members of our Board of Directors and to incentivize them to remain in employment or service, improve operations, and contribute more significantly to our success, by granting them the opportunity to purchase shares of our common stock. The purchase price for these shares was the fair market value of the common stock as of the date of purchase, as established by our Board of Directors, and the maximum number of such shares that could be issued under the 2005 ESPP was 1,000,000 shares. During the term of the 2005 ESPP, plan participants purchased an aggregate of 331,500 shares of our common stock. Other than Michael Malecha, who purchased 5,000 shares under the 2005 ESPP, no other named executive officers or directors purchased shares under the plan. The 2005 ESPP was administered by our board of directors.
PROPOSED 2006 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
The following is a description of the material terms of our 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or 2006 ESPP, which we intend to adopt. This summary is not intended to be a complete description of all provisions of the 2006 ESPP and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our 2006 ESPP, which we intend to file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Prior to the consummation of our offering, we intend to adopt a 2006 ESPP, which is designed to allow our eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock, at prescribed intervals, with their accumulated payroll deductions.
Share Reserve. The total number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2006 ESPP will be equal to      % of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of the date our registration statement became effective. No participant in our 2006 ESPP may be issued or transferred more than $25,000 of shares of common stock pursuant to awards under our 2006 ESPP per calendar year. In the event of certain changes in our capitalization, our Board of Directors or the
 
100


 

Management
 
committee administering the plan (referred to as our committee) may adjust the maximum number or type of shares that may be purchased pursuant to our 2006 ESPP and the purchase price of those shares in a manner that the committee deems equitable.
Offering Periods. Our 2006 ESPP has two offering periods per year, with a new offering period beginning on the first business day of December 1 and June 1 each year. It is currently contemplated that each offering period, other than the possible exception of the initial offering period, will have a duration of six months, unless otherwise determined by our committee. The initial offering period under the 2006 ESPP will commence 30 days following the effective date of our offering. However, if that date is less than 30 days prior to December 1, 2006, then the initial offering will commence on December 1, 2006.
Eligible Employees. Individuals scheduled to work more than 20 hours per week for at least five calendar months per year may join an offering period on the start date of that period. Individuals must have completed at least three months of continuous services to be eligible to participate in our 2006 ESPP.
Payroll Deductions. A participant may contribute up to 10% of his or her compensation through payroll deductions, and the accumulated deductions that the participant has not withdrawn during the offering period will be applied to the purchase of shares on the last business day of each offering period, which we refer to as the purchase date. The purchase price per share will be equal to 95% of the fair market value per share on the start date of the offering period in which the participant is enrolled or, if lower, 95% of the fair market value per share on the purchase date. However, a participant may not purchase more than                      shares during any offering period. Our committee has the authority to change these limitations for any subsequent offering period.
Delivery of Common Stock to Participant. A participant may withdraw common stock from our 2006 ESPP at any time, but not earlier than 30 days after the purchase date upon which the common stock was purchased.
Administration. Our 2006 ESPP will be administered by our Board of Directors, or a committee of the board, in either case, which will have the power and authority to promulgate rules applicable to the ESPP, to interpret the provisions of our 2006 ESPP, to supervise administration of our 2006 ESPP and to take all action in connection with our 2006 ESPP as it deems necessary or advisable. No member of our committee will be personally liable for any action, determination, or interpretation made in good faith with respect to our 2006 ESPP, and all members of our committee will be fully indemnified by us with respect to any such action, determination or interpretation.
Changes in Capitalization or Other Events. In the event of certain changes in capitalization or any unusual or nonrecurring transactions or events affecting us or our affiliates, or changes in applicable law, our committee is authorized to take any one or more of the following actions whenever it determines that such action is appropriate in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the benefits under our 2006 ESPP or to facilitate a transaction, but solely to the extent consistent with applicable law:
Ø  to provide that all outstanding purchase rights will terminate without being exercised on such date as our committee determines;
 
Ø  to provide that all outstanding purchase rights will be exercised prior to the end of the applicable offering period on such date as our committee determines and such purchase rights will terminate immediately after such purchases;
 
Ø  to provide for either the purchase of any outstanding purchase right for an amount of cash equal to the amount that could have been obtained upon the purchase had such right been currently
 
101


 

Management
 
exercisable, or the replacement of such purchase right with other rights or property selected by our committee;
Ø  to provide that the outstanding purchase rights be assumed by the successor or survivor corporation, or substituted for by similar rights, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; and
 
Ø  to make adjustments in the number and type of shares of our common stock (or other securities or property) subject to outstanding purchase rights, or in the terms and conditions of outstanding rights, or rights that may be granted in the future.
Amendment and Termination. Our 2006 ESPP will terminate no later than 10 years after the date of it is adopted by our Board of Directors, and our Board of Directors may terminate or amend our 2006 ESPP for any reason or no reason; provided, however, that certain amendments may require stockholder approval, pursuant to applicable law and no amendment may adversely affect the purchase rights previously granted.
US BIOENERGY RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company maintains the US BioEnergy Retirement Plan, or the 401(k) Plan, which is a savings and retirement plan intended to qualify under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. The original effective date of the 401(k) Plan was February 1, 1995, but the plan was amended and restated effective January 1, 2004, and subsequently amended twice, most recently effective January 1, 2006. All employees who have completed six months of service, other than employees covered under a collective bargaining agreement, are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan.
The Company matches 100% of each participant’s contributions for the pay period, up to 4% of the participant’s eligible compensation (or a maximum matching contribution of 2% of the participant’s eligible compensation). The Company also may make discretionary contributions for each employee who is an active participant on the last day of the plan year or who has more than 499 hours of service during the most recent service period that ended on or before the last day of the plan year. Matching (and to the extent applicable, discretionary) contributions are 100% vested upon completion of three years of service.
EMPLOYMENT AND CONSULTING ARRANGEMENTS
Employment agreement with Jeffrey Roskam
Mr. Roskam served as president of UBE until March 2006. Pursuant to a letter agreement with him, dated April 30, 2005, if we terminated his employment or requested his resignation, in either case, without “cause” or if he terminated his employment for “good reason”, as these terms are defined in the letter agreement, and in consideration of a general release of claims against us, we would pay him an amount in cash equal to 150% his base salary (excluding bonus) within 30 days of his termination date and would also pay the cost of outplacement services. However, if Mr. Roskam resigned or if we terminated his employment for cause or as a result of his death or permanent disability, Mr. Roskam would be entitled to receive only his base salary that had accrued, and remained unpaid, up to the date of termination of employment.
The letter agreement with Mr. Roskam also provided for certain payments and benefits related to his termination of employment in connection with a change in control, as such term is defined in the letter agreement. Mr. Roskam ceased to be employed by us in March 2006.
 
102


 

Management
 
Consulting agreement with and stock option award to David Vander Griend
In connection with our acquisition of United Bio Energy, we entered into a three-year consulting agreement with David Vander Griend on April 30, 2005, pursuant to which he is to advise us on technology at our proposed and future ethanol plants. We also appointed Mr. Vander Griend to our Board of Directors in April 2005, but he resigned from our Board in March 2006. The consulting agreement terminates immediately upon: (i) Mr. Vander Griend’s death or “disability,” as defined in the consulting agreement, (ii) written notice by the Company for “cause,” or by Mr. Vander Griend for “good reason,” as these terms are defined in the consulting agreement, or (iii) mutual agreement between the Company and Mr. Vander Griend. Further, either party may terminate the consulting agreement at any time with 15 days’ written notice.
As compensation for the provision of consulting services, we also entered into a stock option award agreement with Mr. Vander Griend, pursuant to which he was awarded 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share. Any unvested, unexercised options terminate upon the earlier of (i) the three year anniversary of the date of grant, (ii) one year from the date of Mr. Vander Griend’s death or disability, (iii) the date of termination of Mr. Vander Griend’s consulting services by us for cause or by Mr. Vander Griend, and (iv) 90 days from the date of our termination of Mr. Vander Griend’s consulting services for a reason other than death, disability or for cause. Further, if we were to terminate Mr. Vander Griend’s consulting services for cause, we could, upon written notice at any time thereafter, repurchase any shares of our common stock acquired by Mr. Vander Griend pursuant to the exercise of the option, with the per share price payable by us for such shares being an amount equal to the lesser of the fair market value or the exercise price of the shares.
 
103


 

 
Certain relationships and related party transactions
Transactions with Capitaline Advisors, LLC and affiliates
Capitaline Advisors is 100% owned and controlled by Gordon Ommen, our chairman and our chief executive officer. Gordon Ommen beneficially owns approximately 25.3% of our outstanding common stock either individually or through his ownership and control of BirdDog Capital, LLC, Mr. Ommen’s private investment company, and Capitaline Advisors, LLC, which is the manager of Capitaline General Partner, LLC, the general partner of a number of Capitaline investment funds. After giving effect to this offering, Gordon Ommen will continue to beneficially own approximately           % of our outstanding common stock. See “Principal shareholders.” Steve Myers, one of our Directors, is the president of Capitaline Advisors.
Capitaline Advisors provides us with consulting and administrative services for a monthly fee pursuant to a services agreement dated November 17, 2005. For the year ended 2005 and for the three months ended March 31, 2006, we paid Capitaline Advisors $246,000 and $186,000, respectively, for services under this services agreement. Pursuant to this services agreement, certain employees of Capitaline Advisors, including Steve Myers, provide us with consulting services. Prior to January 1, 2006, Gordon Ommen, Chad Hatch and Virg Garbers were employees of Capitaline and provided us with services under this agreement. We have the right to terminate the services agreement for any reason upon 60 days prior written notice.
In addition, we pay Capitaline Advisors a monthly fee for travel services, including the use of aircraft owned by Capitaline Advisors, office space in Brookings, South Dakota and other miscellaneous expenses. For the year ended 2005 and for the three months ended March 31, 2006, we paid Capitaline Advisors $10,000 and $154,000, respectively, for these services. On March 1, 2006, we entered into two aircraft lease agreements with Capitaline Advisors pursuant to which we pay a monthly fixed fee as well as hourly usage fees for the use of two airplanes owned by Capitaline Advisors. We have the right to terminate these leases for any reason upon 30 days prior written notice.
On January 31, 2005, we entered into a letter agreement with Capitaline Advisors pursuant to which Capitaline Advisors would provide us financial advisory services in connection with certain purchase, acquisition, sale or disposition transactions and certain equity offerings by us. On May 23, 2006, we entered into a termination agreement with Capitaline Advisors pursuant to which the parties terminated the financial advisory services letter agreement and all related obligations in exchange for a one-time payment to Capitaline Advisors of $4,800,000. With the exception of this one-time payment, which was paid on June 1, 2006, we did not make any payments to Capitaline Advisors under this financial advisory services letter agreement.
In November and December 2004, US BioEnergy Management, LLC, which was 50% owned by Capitaline Advisors, entered into subscription agreements to purchase an aggregate of 25,000,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $6,000,000. In September 2005, Capitaline Renewable Energy II, LP, one of the funds managed by Capitaline General Partner, LLC, which in turn is managed by Capitaline Advisors, purchased 27,500,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $27,500,000 in connection with a private placement transaction. In March 2006, Gordon Ommen and Capitaline Renewable Energy III, LP, one of the funds managed by Capitaline General Partner, LLC, which in turn is managed by Capitaline Advisors, purchased 1,241,250 and 13,000,000 shares of our common stock, respectively, for a purchase price of $2,482,500 and $26,000,000, respectively, in connection with a private placement transaction.
 
104


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
For a description of additional transactions involving Capitaline Advisors and its affiliates, see “—Termination of administrative services agreement” and “—Business combinations—Acquisition of Val-E Ethanol, LLC.”
Transactions with Fagen, Inc. and affiliates
Fagen, Inc., the leading builder of ethanol plants in the U.S., constructed our Platte Valley facility and is currently constructing our Woodbury, Albert City and Val-E facilities, as well as the expansion of our Platte Valley facility. Fagen, Inc. is owned and controlled by Ron Fagen, one of our founders and principal shareholders. Ron Fagen served as one of our directors from our inception in October 2004 until June 2006 and he currently beneficially owns approximately 27.5% of our outstanding common stock either individually or through his ownership or control of Fagen Management, LLC, Platte Valley Energy, LLC and Global Ethanol, Inc. (not affiliated with Global Ethanol Holdings Ltd, the Australian based ethanol producer). After giving effect to this offering, Ron Fagen will continue to beneficially own approximately           % of our outstanding common stock. See “Principal shareholders.” Jennifer Johnson, one of our Directors, is the Chief Financial Officer of Fagen, Inc. O. Wayne Mitchell, who served as our Director and Vice President from our inception until June 2006, serves as a Senior Vice President of Fagen, Inc. Brian Thome, our President, served as a Director of Financial Investments of Fagen, Inc. from December 2004 to March 2006 during which time Mr. Thome also served as one of our Directors.
On August 26, 2005, US Bio Albert City and US Bio Woodbury, formerly known as Superior Corn Products, LLC, entered into lump sum design-build agreements under which Fagen agreed to design and build a 100 mmgy and a 50 mmgy dry grind ethanol plant, respectively. On January 6, 2006, Val-E Ethanol, LLC entered into a lump sum design-build agreement under which Fagen agreed to design and build a 50 mmgy plant near Ord, Nebraska. On April 24, 2006, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC entered into a lump sum design-build expansion agreement under which Fagen agreed to expand the existing 50 mmgy Platte Valley facility, which was built pursuant to a design-build agreement with Fagen dated September 16, 2003, to a 100 mmgy facility. On August 1, 2006, we entered into a master design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc. for our five facilities in development and another master design-build agreement with Fagen that provides us with a number of additional build slots through 2010. These agreements supersede a previous master design-build agreement with Fagen dated January 31, 2005.
In connection with our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol’s business, we assumed a pre-engineering services agreement dated April 24, 2006 between Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol and Fagen Engineering, LLC relating to the expansion of its ethanol plant near Central City, Nebraska. Fagen Engineering is owned and controlled by Ron Fagen. Under the pre-engineering services agreement, Fagen Engineering will perform engineering and design work, including delivery of a pre-engineering design package that includes design drawings, utility design information and grading, drainage and erosion plan drawings, relating to a 50 mmgy expansion of the Platte Valley facility. In exchange for these services, Fagen Engineering will receive a fixed fee for time and expenses of $92,500.
For the year ended December 31, 2005, we paid Fagen, Inc. $41.4 million for construction services under these design-build agreements. For the three months ended March 31, 2006, we paid Fagen, Inc. $37.6 million for construction services. In connection with our construction and development plans, we expect to make significant future payments to Fagen, Inc. for construction services.
In November and December 2004, US BioEnergy Management, LLC, which was 50% owned by Global Ethanol, entered into subscription agreements to purchase an aggregate of 25,000,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $6,000,000. In August and September 2005, Global Ethanol purchased 7,950,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of
 
105


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
$7,950,000 in connection with a private placement transaction. In March 2006, Ron Fagen and Platte Valley Energy, LLC, an entity controlled by Ron Fagen and his spouse, Diane Fagen, purchased 1,241,250 and 6,700,000 shares of our common stock, respectively, for a purchase price of $2,482,500 and $13,400,000, respectively, in connection with a private placement transaction.
For a description of additional transactions involving Fagen, Inc. and its affiliates, see “—Termination of Administrative Services Agreement,” “—Business combinations—Acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC” and “—Business combinations—Acquisition of Val-E Ethanol, LLC.”
Transactions with CHS Inc.
CHS, a Fortune 500 company and the largest grain marketer and energy cooperative in the U.S., is one of our principal shareholders. CHS beneficially owns approximately 23.3% of our outstanding common stock and after giving effect to this offering, CHS will continue to own approximately           % of our outstanding common stock. See “Principal shareholders.” Jay Debertin, one of our directors, serves as executive vice president and chief operating officer, processing, of CHS.
On November 17, 2005, we entered into a subscription agreement with CHS pursuant to which CHS purchased 35,000,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $35 million. In connection with this purchase, we granted CHS the right to appoint directors to our Board, with the number of directors appointed by CHS based on a formula related to CHS’s percentage of beneficial ownership. For so long as CHS beneficially owns at least 15% but less than 25% of our outstanding common stock, CHS has the right to appoint one director and for so long as CHS beneficially owns at least 25% of our outstanding common stock, CHS has the right to appoint two directors to serve on our Board of Directors. As long as CHS beneficially owns at least 15% of our outstanding common stock, it also has the right to appoint one person to serve as a member on the executive management committee and as a member of the Board of Managers of each of US Bio Albert City, LLC, US Bio Woodbury, LLC and United Bio Energy, LLC. These appointment rights terminate upon the first meeting of shareholders following our initial public offering, and all persons appointed by CHS pursuant to this right will serve until that time. We have no obligation to nominate a person appointed by CHS for election to our Board of Directors at the first meeting of our stockholders following the date of our initial public offering. Pursuant to a waiver letter, dated July 26, 2006, CHS has agreed to waive its right under the subscription agreement to appoint a second director to our Board when it beneficially owns at least 25% of our outstanding common stock.
Pursuant to these rights under the subscription agreement, CHS has appointed Jay Debertin to serve as a member of our Board of Directors and Dennis Wendland, an executive officer of CHS, to serve on our executive management committee and on the Board of Managers of our Woodbury and UBE Services subsidiaries. From November 2005 until June 2006, Dennis Wendland and Don Olson, both of whom are executive officers of CHS, served as members of our Board of Directors pursuant to the CHS subscription agreement.
Our principal executive offices are located at 5500 Cenex Drive, Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota 55077. We have agreed to lease approximately 8,600 square feet at this address from CHS pursuant to a lease dated June 1, 2006. On June 1, 2006, we began leasing 5,552 square feet and beginning on November 1, 2006, we will begin leasing an additional 3,054 square feet. From June 1, 2006 to October 31, 2006, we agreed to pay CHS a base rent of $12,434 per month. From November 1, 2006 to May 31, 2007, rent is $19,274 per month. Thereafter, rent payments are increased yearly from $19,756 per month in year two of the initial term of the lease to $21,275 per month in year five of the initial term of the lease.
The initial term of the lease is through May 31, 2011, with one additional five-year renewal term upon ninety days’ written notice from us to CHS and the rent for such period equal to the rent for the
 
106


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
prior twelve month period plus an annual increase of 2.5%. CHS has the right to terminate the lease upon 120 days’ written notice if it determines that it wants the leased space for its own use or for the use by any subsidiary or affiliate of CHS or a joint venture involving CHS. In addition, we may terminate the lease upon 90 days’ written notice prior to the end of the third or fourth 12-month period of the initial term of the lease, provided that we pay CHS a portion of the improvement allowance.
On March 31, 2006, CHS purchased 17,500,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $35,000,000 in connection with a private placement transaction.
For a description of additional transactions involving CHS, see “—Business combinations— United Bio Energy Fuels” and “—Leased employee agreement between United Bio Energy, LLC and UBE Fuels.”
Private placements
On March 31, 2006, we sold an aggregate of 44,700,000 shares of our common stock to 15 investors, at a price of $2.00 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $89,400,000. In connection with this offering, James Morgan, Jennifer Johnson, Steve Myers and Cliff Mesner, each of whom serves as one of our Directors, purchased 1,500,000, 125,000, 500,000 and 250,000 shares, respectively, for a purchase price of $3,000,000, $250,000, $1,000,000 and $500,000, respectively. In addition, Brian Thome, our President, purchased 37,500 shares for a purchase price of $75,000. See “— Transactions with Capitaline Advisors, LLC and affiliates,” “Transactions with Fagen Inc. and affiliates” and “Transactions with CHS Inc.”
In August and September 2005, we sold an aggregate of 56,235,000 shares of our common stock to 56 investors, at a price of $1.00 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $56,235,000. In connection with this offering, James Morgan, one of our Directors, purchased 5,000,000 shares for a purchase price of $5,000,000. See “Transactions with Capitaline Advisors, LLC and affiliates” and “Transactions with Fagen, Inc. and affiliates.”
Termination of administrative services agreement
On January 1, 2005, we entered into an administrative services agreement with US Bio Resource Group, LLC, which was owned equally by Global Ethanol and Capitaline Advisors and was formerly known as US BioEnergy Management, LLC, pursuant to which we would receive management and administrative services relating to the development of our business and ethanol plants. We later amended our agreement with US Bio Resource Group on June 1, 2005. Capitaline Advisors is owned and controlled by Gordon Ommen. Ron Fagen and his spouse, Diane Fagen, own 90.4% of Global Ethanol.
In 2005, we paid approximately $703,000 to US Bio Resource Group under the administrative services agreement. In 2004, before the administrative services agreement became effective, we paid US Bio Resource Group $43,000 for similar services. On November 17, 2005, we entered into a termination agreement among US Bio Resource Group, Global Ethanol and Capitaline Advisors that terminated the rights and obligations of the parties with respect to the administrative services agreement in exchange for options to purchase 3,250,000 shares of our common stock issued to each of Global Ethanol and Capitaline Advisors. Each non-qualified option is immediately exercisable and has an exercise price of $1.00 per share, the fair market value of one share of our common stock as of the date of the option grant as determined by our Board of Directors. Gordon Ommen’s options will terminate upon the earlier on November 17, 2015 or the date on which he ceases to provide services to us as a director, officer, employee or consultant, respectively, and such termination of services is for cause. Ron Fagen’s options will terminate on November 17, 2015. US Bio Resource Group, LLC was dissolved by action of its members on June 1, 2006.
 
107


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
Business combinations
Acquisition of UBE Services, LLC
In May 2005, we acquired United Bio Energy, LLC. In connection with that transaction, the two holders of membership interests in United Bio Energy, ICM Marketing, Inc. and Fagen Management, LLC received an aggregate of 3,000,000 and 2,000,000 shares of our common stock, respectively. Fagen Management, LLC is owned and controlled by Ron Fagen. Through their ownership of ICM Marketing, Randall Ives, Jeffrey Roskam and David Vander Griend received 300,000, 1,050,000 and 1,650,000 shares of our common stock, respectively.
Randall Ives currently serves as our senior vice president of distillers grains. Jeffrey Roskam served as President of UBE Services, formerly known as United Bio Energy, from May 2005 to March 2006. See “Management — Employment and Consulting Arrangements — Employment arrangement with Jeffrey Roskam.” Also in connection with this transaction, we appointed David Vander Griend to our Board of Directors and entered into a three-year consulting agreement with him pursuant to which he will provide us with plant technology consulting services. As payment for these consulting services, on April 30, 2005 we granted Mr. Vander Griend a non-qualified option to purchase 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share, which option was fully exercisable on the date of grant. The option will terminate upon the earlier of the three year anniversary of the date of grant, one year from the date of Mr. Vander Griend’s death or disability, the date of termination of Mr. Vander Griend’s consulting services by us for cause or by Mr. Vander Griend, or ninety days from the date of our termination of Mr. Vander Griend’s consulting services for a reason other than death, disability or for cause. Mr. Vander Griend resigned from our Board in March 2006. See “Management— Employment and Consulting Arrangements— Consulting agreement with and stock option award to David Vander Griend.”
In May 2006, we changed the name of United Bio Energy, LLC to UBE Services, LLC.
Acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
In April 2006, we acquired Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC. In connection with that transaction, the holders of membership interests in Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol received an aggregate of 44,999,981 shares of our common stock and $40,000,038 in cash. Among these holders were Platte Valley Energy, LLC, PVF Investments, LLC, Aaron Fagen, Evan Fagen, Capitaline Renewable Energy, LP, Jennifer Johnson and O. Wayne Mitchell who received an aggregate of 29,000,248; 529,442; 88,240; 88,240; 264,721; 88,240 and 88,240 shares of our common stock and $25,778,023; $470,616; $78,436; $78,436; $235,308; $78,436; and $78,436 in cash, respectively.
Platte Valley Energy, LLC is controlled by Ron Fagen and his spouse, Diane Fagen. Aaron Fagen and Evan Fagen are Ron and Diane Fagen’s adult children. PVF Investments, LLC is owned and controlled by one of our directors, Cliff Mesner, who also served as chairman of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol prior to the acquisition. Capitaline Advisors, which is owned and controlled by Gordon Ommen, is the manager of Capitaline General Partner, LLC, the general partner of Capitaline Renewable Energy, LP.
Also in connection with our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, we granted registration rights to Platte Valley Energy, LLC pursuant to a registration rights agreement dated April 28, 2006. Under this agreement, Platte Valley Energy has registration rights with respect to 10,000,000 shares of our common stock. See “Shares eligible for future sale—Registration Rights.”
Acquisition of Val-E Ethanol, LLC
In connection with our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol in April 2006, we acquired 50.18% of the membership interests of Val-E Ethanol, LLC. Val-E Ethanol was a development stage ethanol company constructing a 50 mmgy fuel-grade dry mill ethanol plant in Ord, Nebraska. Concurrently
 
108


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
with the Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol transaction, we acquired the remaining 49.82% membership interests in Val-E Ethanol. In connection with this transaction, holders of 49.82% of the membership interests in Val-E Ethanol received an aggregate of 6,205,000 shares of our common stock. Among these holders were Ron Fagen, Aaron Fagen, Evan Fagen and Jennifer Johnson, who received 150,000, 25,000, 25,000 and 25,000 shares of our common stock, respectively.
United Bio Energy Fuels
In March 2006, UBE Services, LLC sold 50% of its membership interest in its wholly-owned subsidiary, United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC, or UBE Fuels, to CHS for $2,400,000, plus the assignment by CHS of a fuel delivery contract. UBE Services also assigned certain of its fuel delivery contracts to UBE Fuels and agreed to indemnify UBE Fuels for certain claims relating to UBE Fuels’ business prior to CHS becoming a member.
In connection with the sale of 50% of UBE Services’ membership interest in UBE Fuels to CHS, UBE Services and CHS adopted an amended and restated operating agreement for UBE Fuels. Under the terms of the amended and restated operating agreement, CHS was appointed the manager of UBE Fuels. The terms and conditions under which CHS serves as manager of UBE Fuels are set forth in the management agreement between UBE Fuels and CHS and the amended and restated operating agreement. Under the terms of the management agreement, CHS may not take the following actions without the consent of the members of UBE Fuels.
Ø  the purchase or acquisition (other than in the ordinary course of business) of any personal property with a cost or value in excess of $50,000 or any real property;
 
Ø  the borrowing of funds in excess of $50,000;
 
Ø  the assignment, settlement or discharge of any claim or debt (other than in the ordinary course of business);
 
Ø  the creation of any obligation as guarantor;
 
Ø  the making of any assignment for the benefit of creditors or filing of bankruptcy;
 
Ø  the participation in any other companies, partnerships or joint ventures;
 
Ø  the merger or consolidation with or into another entity;
 
Ø  the sale or other disposition (other than in the ordinary course of business) of any personal property with a cost or value in excess of $50,000 or any real property; and
 
Ø  the approval to enter into any transaction with a member of UBE Fuels or affiliate of a member.
As manager, CHS is paid a management fee equal to the costs to CHS of providing the management services, with the amount of such fee to generally be determined on an annual basis by mutual agreement of UBE Fuels and CHS. From May 1, 2006 to June 30, 2006, UBE Fuels paid CHS $135,000 for management services provided to UBE Fuels.
On March 31, 2006, we also entered into an agreement with UBE Fuels regarding ethanol sales and marketing. Pursuant to this agreement, we will sell to UBE Fuels, and it will market on our behalf, all of the ethanol produced at our existing and future plants. UBE is paid a marketing fee based on a percentage of the ethanol sales price. The marketing fee is subject to adjustment in connection with the annual renewal of the marketing agreement. The marketing agreement has an initial term through November 30, 2007, and thereafter will automatically renew for one-year additional terms, unless either party provides the other with ninety days’ written notice of non-renewal.
 
109


 

Certain relationships and related party transactions
 
Beginning on April 1, 2009, either member of UBE Fuels may initiate a buy-sell mechanism. Under this mechanism, after receiving notice of the initiation of the buy-sell mechanism, the non-initiating member must elect to either sell all of its interests in UBE Fuels to the initiating member or purchase all of the initiating member’s interest in UBE Fuels, in each case, at a purchase price not less than a specified multiple of UBE Fuel’s EBITDA.
Effective April 30, 2006, UBE Services transferred its 50% membership interest in UBE Fuels to US BioEnergy Corporation.
Leased employee agreement between United Bio Energy, LLC and UBE Fuels
Shortly after UBE Services, formerly known as United Bio Energy, LLC, sold 50% its membership interest in UBE Fuels to CHS in March of 2006, UBE Services entered into an agreement with UBE Fuels on May 15, 2006, pursuant to which UBE Services leases the services of certain of its employees (referred to as leased employees) to UBE Fuels in exchange for which UBE Fuels pays to UBE Services a service fee reflecting all or a specified portion of the salaries, payroll taxes, government mandated fees and benefits attributable to the leased employees. The agreement remains in effect until either party terminates the agreement with 30 days’ prior notice, provided, however, that UBE Services may terminate the agreement immediately if UBE Fuels fails to pay the service fee set forth under the agreement relating to the leased employees. The employees covered under the agreement remain employees of UBE Services, and it retains ultimate control over the hiring, discipline, termination and other terms of the leased employees’ employment. Pursuant to the agreement, 14 UBE Services employees were leased, wholly or partially, to perform work for UBE Fuels.
 
110


 

 
Principal shareholders
The following table shows information known to us with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of June 30, 2006, as adjusted to reflect the sale of the shares of common stock offered, by:
Ø  each person or group of affiliated persons whom we know to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock;
 
Ø  each of our directors;
 
Ø  each named executive officer; and
 
Ø  all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
Beneficial ownership and percentage ownership are determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. This information does not necessarily indicate beneficial ownership for any other purpose. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, shares of common stock underlying options that are exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2006 are considered to be beneficially owned by the person holding the options and outstanding for the purpose of computing percentage ownership of that person, but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing any other person’s ownership percentage. To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to this table and subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our common stock shown as beneficially owned by them.
Percentage of beneficial ownership before this offering is based on 224,913,731 shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2006. Percentage of beneficial ownership after this offering is based on                     shares outstanding immediately after this offering after giving effect to the sale of                     shares of our common stock in this offering by us.
The address for those individuals for which an address is not otherwise indicated is: c/o US BioEnergy Corporation, 5500 Cenex Drive, Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota 55077.
                         
    Number of   Percent of shares
    shares   beneficially owned
    beneficially    
    owned prior   Prior to   After
    to the   the   the
Name of beneficial owner   offering   offering   offering
 
Ron J. Fagen(1)
    62,751,498       27.5%       %  
Gordon W. Ommen(2)
    57,765,971       25.3%       %  
CHS Inc.(3)
    52,500,000       23.3%       %  
James B. Morgan
    6,500,000       2.9%       %  
Clifford F. Mesner(4)
    779,442       *       %  
Steven P. Myers(5)
    510,000       *       %  
Jennifer A. Johnson(6)
    248,240       *       %  
Chad D. Hatch(7)
    35,000       *       %  
Michael F. Malecha(8)
    35,000       *       %  
James Dauwalter
    0       *       %  
Jay D. Debertin
    0       *       %  
All executive officers and directors as a group (16 persons)
    66,238,153       29.5%       %  
 
111


 

Principal shareholders
 
 
  Less than 1% of the outstanding common stock
  (1) Includes shares of common stock owned by each of Fagen Management, LLC, Platte Valley Energy, LLC and Global Ethanol, Inc. As sole member of Fagen Management, LLC, Ron Fagen has voting and investment control and may be considered the beneficial owner of 2,000,000 shares of common stock held by Fagen Management, LLC. Ron Fagen and his wife, Diane Fagen, control of Platte Valley Energy, LLC, and as a result, he has voting and investment control and may be considered the beneficial owner 35,700,248 shares of common stock held by Platte Valley Energy, LLC. In addition, Ron Fagen and his wife, Diane Fagen, own 90.36% of Global Ethanol, Inc., and as a result, he has voting and investment control and may be considered the beneficial owner of 20,450,000 shares of common stock. Also includes, 3,250,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options held by Global Ethanol, Inc. that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
  (2) Includes shares of common stock owned by each of Capitaline Advisors, LLC, Capitaline Renewable Energy, LP, Capitaline Renewable Energy, II, LP, Capitaline Renewable Energy III, LP and BirdDog Capital, LLC. As the sole member of Capitaline Advisors, LLC, which is the manager of Capitaline General Partner, LLC, the general partner of Capitaline Renewable Energy, LP, Capitaline Renewable Energy, II, LP and Capitaline Renewable Energy III, LP, Gordon Ommen has voting and investment control over and may be considered the beneficial owner of 264,721, 27,500,000 and 13,000,000 shares of common stock held by Capitaline Renewable Energy, LP, Capitaline Renewable Energy, II, LP and Capitaline Renewable Energy III, LP, respectively. Gordon Ommen is also the sole member of BirdDog Capital, LLC, and as a result, he has voting and investment control over and may be considered the beneficial owner of 12,500,000 shares of common stock held by BirdDog Capital, LLC. Also includes 3,250,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options held by Capitaline Advisors, LLC that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
  (3) The principal address for CHS Inc. is 5500 Cenex Drive, Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota 55077.
 
  (4) Includes shares of common stock held by PVF Investments, LLC. Clifford Mesner has voting and investment control over and may be considered the beneficial owner of 529,442 shares of common stock held by PVF Investments, LLC.
 
  (5) Includes 10,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
  (6) Includes 10,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
  (7) Includes 10,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
  (8) Includes 5,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options that are exercisable currently or within 60 days of June 30, 2006.
 
112


 

 
Description of certain indebtedness
PLATTE VALLEY SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITY
We acquired Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC in April 2006. Prior to this acquisition, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol entered into a credit facility with First National Bank of Omaha. The proceeds from this credit facility were used to finance the development and construction of the Platte Valley ethanol plant and for general corporate and operating purposes. The credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to $32.9 million and revolving loans of up to $5.0 million in the aggregate. The revolving credit facility matures on December 8, 2006. This credit facility also provides for a $1.0 million letter of credit facility. Upon completion of the plant, the construction loan was paid in full by a new term loan evidenced by three promissory notes. The term loan matures on September 20, 2009.
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol entered into a construction loan agreement, as amended, to evidence the senior secured credit facility. The obligations under the loan agreement are secured by (i) a deed of trust on the property underlying the Platte Valley ethanol plant and (ii) a first lien security interest in substantially all of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol’s assets.
As of March 31, 2006, there was an outstanding balance of $20.7 million under the term loan. As of March 31, 2006 there was no outstanding balance under the revolving loan.
Interest rates
The term loan is evidenced by three promissory notes in the original principal amounts of $16.45 million (Note C), $11.45 million (Note D) and $5 million (Note E), respectively, which bear interest at LIBOR plus 3.30%, LIBOR plus 3.80% and LIBOR plus 3.80%, respectively. Note E is structured as a revolving loan, allowing Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol to reborrow amounts repaid on Note E. The revolving loans are evidenced by a revolving promissory note, which bears interest at LIBOR plus 3.80%, and, after maturity, plus 6.0%. The interest rates for Notes C, D and E and the revolving note are subject to adjustment based on the ratio of debt to net worth of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol.
Mandatory and voluntary prepayments
Under the construction loan agreement, as amended, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol will be subject to a 2% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of the term loan within the second year of the loan and a 1% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of the term loan within the third year of the loan. In addition, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol is required to make mandatory prepayments on the outstanding term loan using 20% of “excess cash flow” from the previous fiscal year and 30% of certain federal and state incentive payments.
Under the revolving loan, the borrower is required to make mandatory prepayments based on the amount by which the outstanding revolving loan exceeds the defined borrowing base. Amounts borrowed under the revolving loan may be repaid and reborrowed until the revolving loan is terminated.
Covenants
The construction loan agreement, as amended, contains affirmative and negative covenants and requirements affecting our Platte Valley subsidiary. In general, the affirmative covenants provide for, among other requirements, periodic delivery of financial statements and other information, including notices of certain events and conditions, to First National Bank of Omaha. In addition, the affirmative
 
113


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
covenants include standard covenants relating to the operation of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol’s business, including covenants requiring it to, among other things, comply with applicable laws.
The construction loan agreement, as amended, contains negative covenants which, among other things, limit our Platte Valley subsidiary’s ability to:
Ø  incur additional indebtedness and grant liens or encumbrances;
 
Ø  provide guarantees;
 
Ø  change its general plant manager;
 
Ø  declare or pay distributions in excess of 40% of its net income in the immediately preceding fiscal year;
 
Ø  redeem, acquire or retire any of its equity interests;
 
Ø  make investments or capital expenditures;
 
Ø  conduct asset sales or other transfers of assets, merge or consolidate;
 
Ø  change its line of business;
 
Ø  change its form of organization; and
 
Ø  conduct transactions with affiliates.
The construction loan agreement, as amended, also requires our Platte Valley subsidiary to meet certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring it to maintain minimum levels of working capital, net worth and fixed charge coverage ratios.
Events of default
The construction loan agreement, as amended, contains customary events of default, including:
Ø  failure to pay any principal, interest or fees on the loans when due;
 
Ø  failure to timely provide financial statements and other reports;
 
Ø  failure to perform or observe any other obligations in the construction loan agreement or any other loan document;
 
Ø  failure to pay indebtedness in excess of $100,000 or a default under material agreements;
 
Ø  material breaches of representations and warranties;
 
Ø  events of bankruptcy and insolvency;
 
Ø  commencement of enforcement proceedings with respect to a judgment for the payment of money in excess of $100,000;
 
Ø  possession of the collateral by a judgment creditor;
 
Ø  material damage to the plant with insufficient insurance coverage;
 
Ø  failure of Fagen, Inc. or a successor satisfactory to First National Bank of Omaha to be the general contractor;
 
Ø  failure to replace terminated marketing agents and risk manager with successors satisfactory to First National Bank of Omaha;
 
114


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  failure of Fagen, Inc. or its affiliates to own at least 20% of our Platte Valley subsidiary’s membership interests which default has been waived by First National Bank of Omaha.
If any event of default has occurred and is continuing, First National Bank of Omaha may exercise all of its rights and remedies, including terminating its obligations under the credit facility and accelerating the due date of all outstanding obligations.
Fees and expenses
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol is required to pay certain on-going fees in connection with this senior secured credit facility, including an annual servicing fee of $50,000.
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol must also pay a non-refundable, unused commitment fee equal to 0.375% per annum on the average quarterly unused portion of the revolving credit facility.
ALBERT CITY SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITY
In November 2005, our subsidiary, US Bio Albert City, LLC entered into a senior secured credit facility with AgStar Financial Services, PCA. The proceeds from the construction loan portion of this credit facility must be used solely to fund the development and construction of the Albert City ethanol plant and the revolving loan portion of this credit facility may be used for general corporate and operating purposes. The Albert City credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to the lesser of $75.0 million and 60% of project costs and a revolving loan of up to $6.5 million. An amendment to the Albert City credit facility provided that up to $3.0 million of the $75.0 million construction loan is available to our Albert City subsidiary for letters of credit. The construction loan matures 60 days after the earlier of March 30, 2007 and the completion of the underlying project. The term of the revolving loan begins 60 days after the earlier of March 30, 2007 and the completion of the underlying project and matures one year after the date on which all conditions precedent to the initial advance are satisfied. A portion of the revolving credit facility will be available to our Albert City subsidiary for letters of credit. Amounts borrowed under the construction loan that are repaid or prepaid may not be reborrowed. Amounts repaid under the revolving loan may be reborrowed.
More than 40% of project costs incurred to date with respect to the Albert City ethanol plant were paid with capital contributions made by us instead of construction loan proceeds. AgStar Financial Services has entered into an amendment with our Albert City subsidiary to provide it with a loan in an amount up to $30,367,176 so that our Albert City subsidiary can refund to us, by way of a one-time cash distribution, the portion of project costs that were paid with our additional equity contributions in excess of the 40% of project costs we were required to pay (the “refunding loan”). One of the conditions to borrowing the “refunding loan” is that the remaining undisbursed construction loan proceeds are sufficient to complete construction of the Albert City project.
The construction loan converts into a term loan if certain conditions precedent are met, including the successful completion of the project. On the written request of AgStar Financial Services, the construction loan may be segmented into two credit facilities: (a) a term revolving loan in an amount not to exceed $17.0 million with no required amortization; and (b) a term loan in an amount not to exceed $58.0 million, with a twelve year amortization. The term loan and the term revolving loan, if any, mature five years after the construction loan is converted into a term loan.
In connection with this senior secured credit facility, our Albert City subsidiary entered into a master loan agreement, as supplemented by first and second supplements thereto. These obligations are secured by (i) a mortgage on the property of the Albert City subsidiary and (ii) a first lien security interest in substantially all of the personal property of the Albert City subsidiary. We have agreed to
 
115


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
guarantee the payment and performance of our Albert City subsidiary’s obligations under this senior secured credit facility.
As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance under the Albert City construction loan. As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance on the revolving loan. In addition, as of March 31, 2006, $1.2 million of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility.
Interest rates
The construction loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50%. The revolving loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25%. Following the maturity of the construction loan, if any, the variable rate of interest on any outstanding loan will be subject to adjustment based on the level of our Albert City subsidiary’s “tangible owner’s equity.” Upon the conversion of the construction loan into a term loan, our Albert City subsidiary has the right to convert all or part of the term loan into a fixed rate bearing interest at a rate equal to the most recent ten-year fixed rate bonds sold by the Federal Farm Banks Funding Corporation, plus 3.00%.
During the continuance of a default in payment, such overdue payment shall bear interest at an additional 2.00% per annum and during the continuance of any event of default, loans may bear interest at the option of AgStar Financial Services at an additional 2% per annum. An additional late charge of 5.00% will be charged on any payment of principal or interest not paid within 10 days of the applicable due date.
Mandatory and voluntary prepayments
Under the master loan agreement, as amended, our Albert City subsidiary will be subject to a 2% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of any term loan within the first year of the original closing date and a 1% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of any term loan within the second year of the original closing date. In addition, our Albert City subsidiary is required to make quarterly mandatory prepayments on the outstanding term loan, commencing with the first calendar quarter following the construction loan maturity date, using 50% of “excess cash flow” from the previous fiscal quarter, provided however, that the total “excess cash flow” payments are not to exceed $5.0 million in any calendar year, provided no “excess cash flow” payments will be required during any fiscal year if our Albert City subsidiary’s “tangible owner’s equity” is greater than 60% at the end of the immediately preceding fiscal year.
Under the revolving loan, our Albert City subsidiary is required to make mandatory prepayments based on the amount by which the outstanding credit exceeds the defined borrowing base, or alternatively, pledge and assign additional collateral. Amounts borrowed under the revolving loan may be repaid and reborrowed at any time until the revolving loan is terminated.
Covenants
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and requirements affecting our Albert City subsidiary. In general, the affirmative covenants provide for, among other requirements, periodic delivery of financial statements and other information, including notices of certain events and conditions, to AgStar Financial Services. There are also affirmative covenants relating to the collateral and construction of the Albert City ethanol plant. In addition, the affirmative covenants include standard covenants relating to the operation of our Albert City subsidiary’s business, including covenants requiring it to, among other things, maintain insurance and comply with applicable laws and material contracts.
 
116


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains negative covenants which, among other things, limit our Albert City subsidiary’s ability to:
Ø  incur additional indebtedness and grant liens or encumbrances;
 
Ø  provide guarantees;
 
Ø  declare or pay dividends or distributions or purchase or acquire any membership interests in the aggregate in excess of 20% of its net income in the immediately preceding fiscal year and subject to certain other exceptions, including an exception to pay a distribution equal to the amount of “refunding loan” proceeds;
 
Ø  make certain investments or capital expenditures;
 
Ø  conduct asset sales or other asset dispositions, merge or consolidate;
 
Ø  change its line of business;
 
Ø  change its state of organization, name or location of its executive office;
 
Ø  pay management fees in excess of a specified amount;
 
Ø  have its voting common stock owned by any party other than us; and
 
Ø  conduct transactions with affiliates.
The master loan agreement, as amended, also requires our Albert City subsidiary to meet certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring it to maintain minimum levels of working capital, tangible net worth, owner’s equity and fixed charge coverage ratios.
Events of default
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains customary events of default, including:
Ø  failure to pay any principal, interest, fees or other amounts on the loans when due;
 
Ø  material breaches of representations and warranties;
 
Ø  failure to observe financial and negative covenants;
 
Ø  failure to provide financial statements and certain other financial information within five days of the due date;
 
Ø  failure to perform or observe any other term, covenant or agreement in the master loan agreement or in any related loan documents within a specified grace period;
 
Ø  failure to pay certain indebtedness in excess of $100,000 or any other default under agreements governing such indebtedness;
 
Ø  events of bankruptcy and insolvency;
 
Ø  commencement of enforcement proceedings with respect to an order or judgment in excess of $100,000;
 
Ø  any provision of the master loan agreement, any security document or any other loan document ceases to be valid and binding on our Albert City subsidiary;
 
Ø  security documents cease to create a valid lien;
 
Ø  the termination of any material marketing agreement with a duration of more than one year;
 
Ø  the discontinuation of the business;
 
117


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  construction of the Albert City ethanol plant is halted or abandoned for a period of 30 consecutive days;
 
Ø  construction of the Albert City ethanol plant is not completed by the specified completion date;
 
Ø  any event resulting in a material adverse effect on our Albert City subsidiary, any subsidiary or any guarantor;
 
Ø  any guarantee or subordination agreement ceases to be in full force and effect;
 
Ø  breach by us of our obligations under our guarantee or any other agreement we may have with AgStar Financial Services;
 
Ø  the loss, suspension or revocation of material licenses or permits or the replacement of management or control by any governmental authority;
 
Ø  a material breach or termination of a material contract; or
 
Ø  amendment of a material contract that would be materially adverse to AgStar Financial Services.
If any event of default is triggered, AgStar Financial Services may terminate its obligations under the credit facility, accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal balance of all outstanding loans, appoint a receiver to take possession of all underlying collateral, enter the property to take actions to complete construction of the Albert City ethanol plant, require our Albert City subsidiary to cash collateralize outstanding letters of credit and exercise all of its other rights and remedies.
Continuing guaranty
In connection with the senior secured credit facility, we entered into a continuing guaranty agreement with AgStar Financial Services, PCA. Pursuant to the continuing guaranty agreement, we agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of our Albert City subsidiary’s obligations under the senior secured credit facility and all other obligations of our Albert City subsidiary to AgStar Financial Services. Our guarantee continues until the guaranty agreement is terminated or until we revoke the guarantee prospectively as to future transactions.
Pursuant to the continuing guaranty agreement, we made certain representations and warranties regarding our status. In addition, we agreed to provide certain financial information to AgStar Financial Services, including annual financial statements and quarterly balance sheets and income statements. We also agreed to comply with the affirmative and negative covenants contained in the master loan agreement that are applicable to us.
The continuing guaranty agreement also specifies certain events of default, including: material breaches of representations and warranties; failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement in the guaranty agreement; or the occurrence of an event of default under the master loan agreement or other loan documents.
Assignment of design-build agreement
In August 2005, our Albert City subsidiary entered into a design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc. to develop and construct an ethanol plant. In connection with the senior secured credit facility, our Albert City subsidiary assigned its rights under its design-build agreement to AgStar Financial Services, PCA. Upon repayment of all obligations under the credit facility, the assignment agreement terminates and the right, title and interest in the design-build agreement reverts back to our Albert City subsidiary.
 
118


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Fees and expenses
Our Albert City subsidiary is required to pay certain on-going fees in connection with the existing senior secured credit facility, including annual facility fees of $35,000 to be paid on or before the construction loan maturity date and on each anniversary of the construction loan maturity date and letter of credit fees.
Our Albert City subsidiary must also pay a non-refundable, unused commitment fee equal to 0.25% per annum on the average daily unused portion of the revolving loan.
IOWA DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LOAN
In April 2005, our Albert City subsidiary entered into a Loan Agreement with the Iowa Department of Economic Development. The proceeds from this loan will be used to finance, in part, the development and construction of our Albert City ethanol plant. The loan was structured as a term loan of $300,000 bearing interest at 0.00% and a forgivable loan of $100,000. The term loan matures 60 months from the date of the loan agreement and may be prepaid in part or in full at any time and without penalty. The forgivable loan will be forgiven if certain conditions are met pursuant to the loan agreement. If those conditions are not met, the $100,000 loan would be payable over five years at an interest rate of 8.50% per annum. We have agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of our Albert City subsidiary’s obligations under this loan agreement.
As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance on either the term loan or the forgivable loan.
Covenants
The loan agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants and requirements affecting our Albert City subsidiary. In general, the affirmative covenants provide for, among other requirements, periodic delivery of financial statements and other financial information and notices of certain events to the Iowa Department of Economic Development. There are also affirmative covenants relating to the construction of the Albert City ethanol plant.
The loan agreement contains negative covenants which, among other things, limit our Albert City subsidiary’s ability to:
Ø  assign or transfer any rights or duties under the loan agreement;
 
Ø  sell, transfer, encumber or dispose of the real property on which the Albert City ethanol plant is located or any other collateral;
 
Ø  materially change the ownership structure or control of the business; and
 
Ø  materially change the nature of the business being conducted.
Events of default
The loan agreement specifies certain customary events of default, including:
Ø  material breaches of representations and warranties;
 
Ø  failure to make a payment on the loans when due;
 
Ø  failure to comply with covenants or conditions in the loan agreement or the guarantee;
 
Ø  construction of the Albert City ethanol plant is not completed by the specified completion date;
 
119


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  material change in the business ownership, structure or control, which occurs without giving notice to the Iowa Department of Economic Development or if required, consent of the Iowa Department of Economic Development;
 
Ø  failure to use funds for authorized purpose;
 
Ø  declaration of bankruptcy or other forms of insolvency;
 
Ø  damage to the plant with insufficient insurance coverage; and
 
Ø  the Iowa Department of Economic Development insecurity as to repayment.
If any event of default is triggered, the Iowa Department of Economic Development may exercise its rights and remedies, including requiring immediate repayment of all outstanding loan amounts.
WOODBURY SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITY
In November 2005, our subsidiary, US Bio Woodbury, LLC entered into a senior secured credit facility with AgStar Financial Services, PCA. The proceeds from the construction loan portion of this credit facility must be used solely to fund the development and construction of our Woodbury ethanol plant and the revolving loan portion of this credit facility may be used for general corporate and operating purposes. The Woodbury credit facility was structured as a construction loan of up to the lesser of $36 million and 60% of project costs and a revolving loan of up to $3.5 million. The construction loan matures 60 days after the earlier of March 30, 2007 and the completion of the underlying project. The term of the revolving loan begins 60 days after the earlier of March 30, 2007 and the completion of the underlying project and matures one year after the date on which all conditions precedent to the initial advance are satisfied. A portion of the revolving credit facility will be available to our Woodbury subsidiary for letters of credit. Amounts borrowed under the construction loan that are repaid or prepaid may not be reborrowed. Amounts repaid under the revolving loan may be reborrowed.
More than 40% of project costs incurred to date with respect to the Woodbury facility were paid with capital contributions made by us instead of construction loan proceeds. AgStar Financial Services has entered into an amendment with our Woodbury subsidiary to provide it with a loan in an amount up to $23,628,780 so that our Woodbury subsidiary can refund to us, by way of a one-time cash distribution, the portion of project costs that were paid with our additional equity contributions in excess of the 40% of project costs we were required to pay (the “refunding loan”). One of the conditions to borrowing the “refunding loan” is that the remaining undisbursed construction loan proceeds are sufficient to complete construction of the Woodbury project.
The construction loan converts into a term loan if certain conditions precedent are met, including the successful completion of the project. On our Woodbury subsidiary’s written request, the construction loan may be segmented into two credit facilities: (a) a term revolving loan in an amount not to exceed $8.0 million with no required amortization; and (b) a term loan in an amount not to exceed $28.0 million, with a twelve year amortization. The term loan and the term revolving loan, if any, mature five years after the construction loan is converted into a term loan.
In connection with this senior secured credit facility, our Woodbury subsidiary entered into a master loan agreement, as supplemented by first and second supplements thereto. These obligations are secured by (i) a mortgage on the property of our Woodbury subsidiary and (ii) a first lien security interest in substantially all of the personal property of our Woodbury subsidiary. We have agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of our Woodbury subsidiary’s obligations under the senior secured credit facility.
 
120


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance under the Woodbury construction loan. As of March 31, 2006, there was no outstanding balance on the revolving loan.
Interest rates
The construction loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50%. The revolving loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25%. Following the maturity of the construction loan, if any, the variable rate of interest on any outstanding loan will be subject to adjustment based on the level of our Woodbury subsidiary’s “tangible owner’s equity.” Upon the conversion of the construction loan into a term loan, our Woodbury subsidiary has the right to convert all or part of the term loan into a fixed rate bearing interest at a rate equal to the most recent ten-year fixed rate bonds sold by the Federal Farm Banks Funding Corporation, plus 3.00% per annum.
During the continuance of a default in payment, such overdue payment shall bear interest at an additional 2.00% per annum and during the continuance of any event of default, loans may bear interest at the option of AgStar Financial Services at an additional 2.00% per annum. An additional late charge of 5% will be charged on any payment of principal or interest not paid within 10 days of the applicable due date.
Mandatory and voluntary prepayments
Under the master loan agreement, as amended, our Woodbury subsidiary will be subject to a 2% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of any term loan within the first year of the original closing date and a 1% payment penalty if it prepays the outstanding amount of any term loan within the second year of the original closing date. In addition, our Woodbury subsidiary is required to make quarterly mandatory prepayments on an outstanding term loan, commencing with the first calendar quarter following the construction loan maturity date, using 50% of “excess cash flow” from the previous fiscal quarter, provided however, that the total “excess cash flow” payments are not to exceed $2.5 million in any calendar year, provided no “excess cash flow” payments will be required during any fiscal year if our Woodbury subsidiary’s “tangible owner’s equity” is greater than 60% at the end of the immediately preceding fiscal year.
Under the revolving loan, our Woodbury subsidiary is required to make mandatory prepayments based on the amount by which the outstanding credit exceeds the defined borrowing base, or alternatively, pledge and assign additional collateral. Amounts borrowed under the revolving loan may be repaid and reborrowed at any time until the revolving loan is terminated.
Covenants
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and requirements affecting our Woodbury subsidiary. In general, the affirmative covenants provide for, among other requirements, periodic delivery of financial statements and other information, including notices of certain events and conditions, to AgStar Financial Services. There are also affirmative covenants relating to the collateral and construction of the Woodbury ethanol plant. In addition, the affirmative covenants include standard covenants relating to the operation of our Woodbury subsidiary’s business, including covenants requiring it to, among other things, maintain insurance and comply with applicable laws and material contracts.
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains negative covenants which, among other things, limit our Woodbury subsidiary’s ability to:
Ø  Incur additional indebtedness and grant liens or encumbrances;
 
Ø  Provide guarantees;
 
121


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  declare or pay dividends or distributions or purchase or acquire any membership interests in the aggregate in excess of 20% of its net income in the immediately preceding fiscal year and subject to certain other exceptions, including an exception to pay a distribution equal to the amount of “refunding loan” proceeds;
 
Ø  make certain investments or capital expenditures;
 
Ø  conduct asset sales or other asset dispositions, merge or consolidate;
 
Ø  change its line of business;
 
Ø  change its state of organization, name or location of its executive office;
 
Ø  pay management fees in excess of a specified amount;
 
Ø  have its voting common stock owned by any party other than us; and
 
Ø  conduct transactions with affiliates.
The master loan agreement, as amended, also requires our Woodbury subsidiary to meet certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring it to maintain minimum levels of working capital, tangible net worth, owner’s equity and fixed charge coverage ratios.
Events of default
The master loan agreement, as amended, contains customary events of default, including:
Ø  failure to pay any principal, interest, fees or other amounts on the loans when due;
 
Ø  material breaches of representations and warranties;
 
Ø  failure to observe financial and negative covenants;
 
Ø  failure to provide financial statements and certain other financial information within five days of the due date;
 
Ø  failure to perform or observe any other term, covenant or agreement in the master loan agreement or in any related loan documents within a specified grace period;
 
Ø  failure to pay certain indebtedness in excess of $50,000 or any other default under agreements governing such indebtedness;
 
Ø  events of bankruptcy and insolvency;
 
Ø  commencement of enforcement proceedings with respect to an order or judgment in excess of $50,000;
 
Ø  any provision of the master loan agreement, any security document or any other loan document ceases to be valid and binding on our Woodbury subsidiary;
 
Ø  security documents cease to create a valid lien;
 
Ø  the termination of any material marketing agreement with a duration of longer than one year;
 
Ø  the discontinuation of the business;
 
Ø  construction of the Woodbury ethanol plant is halted or abandoned for a period of 30 consecutive days;
 
Ø  construction of the Woodbury ethanol plant is not completed by the specified completion date;
 
122


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  any event resulting in a material adverse effect on our Woodbury subsidiary, any subsidiary or any guarantor;
 
Ø  any guarantee or subordination agreement ceases to be in full force and effect;
 
Ø  breach by us of our obligations under our guarantee or any other agreement we may have with AgStar Financial Services;
 
Ø  the loss, suspension or revocation of material licenses or permits or the replacement of management or control by any governmental authority;
 
Ø  a material breach or termination of a material contract; or
 
Ø  amendment of a material contract that would be materially adverse to AgStar Financial Services.
If any event of default is triggered, AgStar Financial Services may terminate its obligations under the credit facility, accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal balance of all outstanding loans, appoint a receiver to take possession of all underlying collateral, enter the property to take actions to complete construction of the Woodbury ethanol plant, require our Woodbury subsidiary to cash collateralize outstanding letters of credit and exercise all of its other rights and remedies.
Continuing guaranty
In connection with the senior secured credit facility, we entered into a continuing guaranty agreement with AgStar Financial Services, PCA. Pursuant to the continuing guaranty agreement, we agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of our Woodbury subsidiary’s obligations under the senior secured credit facility and all other obligations of our Woodbury subsidiary to AgStar Financial Services. Our guarantee continues until the guaranty agreement is terminated or until we revoke the guarantee prospectively as to future transactions.
Pursuant to the continuing guaranty agreement, we made certain representations and warranties regarding our status. In addition, we agreed to provide certain financial information to AgStar Financial Services, including annual financial statements and quarterly balance sheets and income statements. We also agreed to comply with the affirmative and negative covenants contained in the master loan agreement that are applicable to us.
The continuing guaranty agreement also specifies certain events of default, including: material breaches of representations and warranties; failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement in the guaranty agreement; or the occurrence of an event of default under the master loan agreement or other loan documents.
Assignment of design-build agreement
In August 2005, our Woodbury subsidiary entered into a design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc. to develop and construct an ethanol plant. In connection with the senior secured credit facility, our Woodbury subsidiary assigned its rights under its design-build agreement to AgStar Financial Services, PCA. Upon repayment of all obligations under the credit facility, the assignment agreement terminates and the right, title and interest in the design-build agreement reverts back to our Woodbury subsidiary.
Fees and expenses
Our Woodbury subsidiary is required to pay certain on-going fees in connection with the existing senior secured credit facility, including annual facility fees of $15,000 to be paid on or before the construction loan maturity date and on each anniversary of the construction loan maturity date and letter of credit fees.
 
123


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Our Woodbury subsidiary must also pay a non-refundable, unused commitment fee equal to 0.25% per annum on the average daily unused portion of the revolving loan.
COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT REVENUE BONDS
On October 31, 2003, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC entered into a redevelopment contract with Community Redevelopment Authority of the City of Central City, Nebraska, pursuant to which the city issued revenue bonds. Platte Valley received a portion of the bond proceeds in the form of grants to be used to fund, in part, the development and construction of the Platte Valley facility. Platte Valley is obligated to repay the bonds with semiannual interest and principal payments at fixed interest rates ranging from 6.25% to 7.25%. The bonds are secured by a mortgage on Platte Valley’s real property, which is subordinate to the Platte Valley senior secured credit facility. Real estate taxes paid by the company and allocated to the Community Redevelopment Authority are used to pay the bonds. As of March 31, 2006, there was an outstanding balance of $3.7 million on the bonds.
SHORT-TERM NOTE PAYABLE TO ICM, INC.
UBE Services, LLC, formerly known as United Bio Energy, LLC, has a short-term note payable to ICM, Inc. at a variable interest rate of prime plus 0.75% per annum. The note is payable on demand upon the occurrence of certain events, including: (a) determination by the holder that a material adverse change has occurred in the financial condition of UBE Services; (b) commencement of any proceedings under bankruptcy or insolvency laws; or (c) any time ICM reasonably believes, in its discretion, that the prospect of payment is impaired. The note is subordinate to the LaSalle Business Credit, LLC credit facility and is unsecured. As of March 31, 2006, $315,000 was outstanding under the note.
LASALLE ASSET-BASED LENDING AGREEMENT
Our subsidiaries, UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients, entered into an asset-based loan agreement with LaSalle Business Credit, LLC, which was subsequently assigned to LaSalle Bank National Association, for a maximum line of credit of $20.0 million. A portion of the line of credit is available to UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients for letters of credit up to $2.0 million. As of March 31, 2006, we had borrowed $2.9 million on this facility. In addition, as of March 31, 2006, $1.2 million of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility. No amounts were outstanding as of December 31, 2005. The line of credit is secured by substantially all assets of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients and the line of credit is in effect until November 4, 2007 and automatically renews itself from year to year thereafter in one- year increments unless LaSalle Bank or UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients elect to terminate the line of credit earlier at the end of the applicable term.
Proceeds of loans borrowed under the LaSalle Bank line of credit must be used solely for business purposes of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients. The obligations of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients under the LaSalle Bank line of credit are guaranteed by UBE Services and other affiliates of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients and other persons.
Interest rates and fees
Interest accrues on amounts outstanding under the line of credit, at the option of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients, at a rate equal to the prime rate plus 1.00% or LIBOR plus 3.75%. During the continuance of an event of default, loans outstanding under the line of credit shall bear interest at an additional 2.00% per annum.
UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients must pay an unused line fee equal to 0.50% on the average daily unused portion of the line of credit.
 
124


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Mandatory and voluntary prepayments
Under the asset-based loan agreement, UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients may terminate the line of credit and repay outstanding amounts subject to a prepayment fee equal to $400,000 if terminated on or before November 4, 2006 and $200,000 if terminated after November 4, 2006 but before November 4, 2007. If UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients enter into a financing arrangement with LaSalle Bank or its affiliates within 90 days of such termination, any such prepayment fee will be refunded by LaSalle Bank.
Under the line of credit, UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients are required to make mandatory prepayments based on the amount by which the outstanding credit exceeds the defined borrowing base.
Covenants
The asset-based loan agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and requirements affecting UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients. In general, the affirmative covenants provide for, among other requirements, periodic delivery of financial statements and other information, including notices of certain events and conditions, to LaSalle Bank. There are also affirmative covenants relating to the collateral. In addition, the affirmative covenants include standard covenants relating to the operation of UBE Fuels’ and UBE Ingredients’ business, including covenants requiring it to, among other things, maintain insurance and comply with applicable laws.
The asset-based loan agreement contains negative covenants which, among other things, limit UBE Fuels’ and UBE Ingredients’ ability to:
Ø  incur additional indebtedness and grant liens or encumbrances;
 
Ø  provide guarantees;
 
Ø  declare or pay dividends or distributions;
 
Ø  purchase or acquire any of their equity interests or issue any equity interests;
 
Ø  make certain investments;
 
Ø  conduct asset sales or other asset dispositions, merge or consolidate;
 
Ø  change their line of business;
 
Ø  change their respective states of organization or amend their organizational documents;
 
Ø  make capital expenditures;
 
Ø  conduct transactions with affiliates; and
 
Ø  pay management fees in excess of specified levels.
The asset-based loan agreement also requires UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients to meet certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring it to maintain minimum levels of tangible net worth, EBITDA and interest coverage ratios.
Events of default
The asset-based loan agreement contains customary events of default, including:
Ø  failure to pay any principal, interest, fees or other amounts on the loans when due;
 
Ø  material breaches of representations and warranties;
 
125


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
Ø  failure to perform or observe any other term, covenant or agreement in the asset-based loan agreement or in any related loan documents;
 
Ø  a default by UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any other guarantor under any other agreements if such default would have a material adverse effect on such defaulting party;
 
Ø  events of bankruptcy and insolvency with respect to UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any guarantor;
 
Ø  loss, theft, damage, sale or lease of any of the collateral;
 
Ø  any levy, seizure or attachment upon the collateral or attempt to do so;
 
Ø  entry of judgments or orders aggregating in excess of $75,000 against UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any guarantor that remains undischarged for a specified period of time;
 
Ø  the dissolution or termination of UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any guarantor;
 
Ø  the occurrence of an event of default under, or the revocation or termination of, any guarantee;
 
Ø  the institution of criminal proceedings against UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any guarantor having a material adverse effect or indictment of any of them;
 
Ø  the failure of David Vander Griend or Ron Fagen to fulfill certain indemnification obligations;
 
Ø  our failure to own and control, directly or indirectly, at least 50% of all voting stock of UBE Fuels;
 
Ø  failure of CHS to own and control, directly or indirectly, at lease 50% of all voting stock of UBE Fuels;
 
Ø  our failure to own and control, directly or indirectly, 100% of all voting stock of UBE Ingredients; and
 
Ø  a material adverse change in the collateral, business, property, prospects, operations or condition of UBE Fuels, UBE Ingredients or any guarantor.
If any event of default is triggered, LaSalle Bank may terminate its obligations under the asset-based loan agreement, accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal balance of all outstanding loans, take possession of the collateral and exercise all of its other rights and remedies.
Continuing guaranty
In connection with the asset-based loan agreement, UBE Services entered into a continuing unconditional guaranty with LaSalle Bank. Pursuant to the continuing unconditional guaranty, UBE Services agreed to guarantee the payment and performance of UBE Fuels’ and UBE Ingredients’ obligations under the asset-based loan agreement and all other obligations of UBE Fuels and UBE Ingredients to LaSalle Bank. UBE Services’ guarantee continues until the loan agreement is terminated or until UBE Services revokes the guarantee prospectively as to future transactions.
Pursuant to the continuing unconditional guaranty, UBE Services has pledged all of its assets to LaSalle Bank to secure its obligations under the continuing unconditional guaranty. In addition, except with respect to certain tax distributions to its members, UBE Services agreed with LaSalle Bank not to declare or pay any dividends or distributions.
ALBERT CITY SUBORDINATED DEBT
In December 2005, our subsidiary, US Bio Albert City, LLC entered into loan agreements for an aggregate of $6.3 million of subordinated debt to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Albert City plant. The subordinated debt bears interest at a rate of 14.50% per annum. These loan
 
126


 

Description of certain indebtedness
 
agreements include certain limitations on, among other things, the ability of our Albert City subsidiary to incur additional indebtedness and declare or pay dividends or make distributions. We intend to use some of the net proceeds from this offering to prepay all outstanding subordinated debt owed by our Albert City subsidiary.
2006 SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITIES
We are currently in discussions with lenders regarding senior secured credit facilities that would provide for debt financing for four additional ethanol plants. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to obtain the required funding on terms acceptable to us or at all.
 
127


 

 
Description of capital stock
GENERAL
In connection with this offering, we will amend and restate our articles of incorporation and by-laws. The following summary of our capital stock does not relate to our current articles of incorporation or by-laws, but rather is a description of our capital stock pursuant to the amended and restated articles of incorporation and by-laws that will be in effect upon completion of this offering. The following summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws, forms of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and by the applicable provisions of South Dakota law.
Our authorized capital stock will consist of 750,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 75,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of June 30, 2006, we had 224,913,731, held by 163 shareholders of record. Prior to the closing of the this offering, we intend to effect a          -for-          reverse stock spit. Upon consummation of this offering and after giving effect to this reverse stock split, we expect to have                      shares of our common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.
COMMON STOCK
Voting
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders. With respect to the election of directors, South Dakota law provides that shareholders may cumulate their votes.
Dividends
Subject to the rights and preferences of the holders of any series of preferred stock which may at the time be outstanding, holders of our common stock are entitled to such dividends as our Board of Directors may declare out of funds legally available.
Liquidation rights
In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, after payment of all of our debts and liabilities and subject to the rights and preferences of the holders of any outstanding shares of any series of our preferred stock, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive the distribution of any of our remaining assets.
Other matters
There are no redemption rights or sinking fund provisions with respect to the common stock. The shares of our common stock to be sold in this offering when issued and paid for will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
PREFERRED STOCK
We are authorized to issue up to 75,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation authorize our Board, without any further shareholder action or approval, to issue these shares in one or more classes or series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each class or series and to fix the rights, preferences and privileges of the shares of
 
128


 

Description of capital stock
 
each wholly unissued class or series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions. Our Board may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. We currently have no plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.
NO PRE-EMPTIVE RIGHTS
Our shareholders have no preemptive rights to purchase our stock or securities convertible into or carrying a right to subscribe for or acquire our stock, unless we expressly agree otherwise.
AUTHORIZED INDEBTEDNESS
Art XVII, Sec 8 of the South Dakota Constitution provides that the indebtedness of a South Dakota corporation may not be increased without the approval of persons holding the larger of the amount in value of the stock of the corporation first obtained. Prior to the closing, we expect that our shareholders will approve a resolution authorizing the indebtedness of US BioEnergy be increased to an amount not to exceed $5 billion at any one time outstanding and providing that such indebtedness may be in such form and have such terms and conditions as determined by the Board of Directors of US BioEnergy at any time from time to time in its discretion.
CERTAIN PROVISIONS
Provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws, and South Dakota law, which are summarized below, may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a shareholder might consider in such shareholder’s best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for our common stock.
Classified Board of Directors
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation provide for a Board of Directors divided into three classes, with one class to be elected each year to serve for a three-year term. The provision for a classified board will have the effect of making it more difficult for shareholders to change the composition of our Board.
Number of directors; removal for cause; filling vacancies
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation provide that our Board of Directors will consist of not less than three nor more than fifteen members, the exact number of which will be fixed from time to time by our Board. Upon completion of this offering, the size of our Board will be fixed at seven directors.
Under the South Dakota Business Corporation Act, or the Act, shareholders may remove one or more directors, with or without cause, unless the articles of incorporation provide that directors may be removed only for cause. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation provide that directors may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws also provide that any newly created directorships on our board may only be filled by a majority of the board then in office, provided that a quorum is present, and any other vacancy occurring on the board may only be filled by a majority of the board then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence will hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which
 
129


 

Description of capital stock
 
the new directorship was created or the vacancy occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director.
The director removal and vacancy provisions will make it more difficult for a shareholder to remove incumbent directors and simultaneously gain control of the board by filling vacancies created by such removal with its own nominees.
Special meetings of shareholders
Under the Act, the holders of at least ten percent of all the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote may call a special meeting of shareholders by delivering to the corporation one or more written demands for the meeting describing the purpose for which it is to be held, unless the articles of incorporation provide for a lower percentage or a higher percentage not to exceed twenty-five percent of all the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that special meetings of shareholders may be called only by the chairman of our Board of Directors, our Board of Directors or the holders of not less than twenty-five percent of all the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting.
Shareholder action by written consent
Under the Act, action required or permitted to be taken at a shareholders’ meeting may be taken without a meeting if a written consent is signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote on the action and is delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the minutes of the corporation or filing with the corporate records.
Shareholder proposals
At an annual meeting of shareholders, only business that is properly brought before the meeting will be conducted or considered. To be properly brought before an annual meeting of shareholders, business must be specified in the notice of the meeting (or any supplement to that notice), brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board (or any duly authorized committee of the board) or properly brought before the meeting by a shareholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder, the shareholder must:
Ø  be a shareholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice for the meeting;
 
Ø  be entitled to vote at the meeting; and
 
Ø  have given timely written notice of the business in proper written form to our secretary.
To be timely, a shareholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the anniversary date of the last annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 days before or after the anniversary date, notice by the shareholder must be received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever occurs first.
To be in proper written form, a shareholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting:
Ø  a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting the business at the annual meeting;
 
130


 

Description of capital stock
 
Ø  the name and address, as they appear on our books, of the shareholder proposing such business;
 
Ø  the class or series and number of our shares which are owned beneficially or of record by the shareholder proposing the business;
 
Ø  a description of all arrangements or understandings between such shareholder and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such shareholder and any material interest of such shareholder in the business; and
 
Ø  a representation that the shareholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to bring the business before the meeting.
Similarly, at a special meeting of shareholders, only such business as is properly brought before the meeting will be conducted or considered. To be properly brought before a special meeting, business must be specified in the notice of the meeting (or any supplement to that notice) given by or at the direction of the chairman of our Board of Directors, our Board of Directors or the holders of twenty-five percent of all the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting.
NOMINATION OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTION TO OUR BOARD
Under our bylaws, only persons who are properly nominated will be eligible for election to be members of our board. To be properly nominated, a director candidate must be nominated at an annual meeting of the shareholders or any special meeting called for the purpose of electing directors by or at the direction of our board (or any duly authorized committee of the board) or properly nominated by a shareholder. To properly nominate a director, a shareholder must:
Ø  be a shareholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice for the meeting;
 
Ø  be entitled to vote at the meeting; and
 
Ø  have given timely written notice in proper written form to our secretary.
To be timely, a shareholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at our principal executive offices:
Ø  in the case of an annual meeting, not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the anniversary date of the last annual meeting of our shareholders; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 days before or after the anniversary date of the last annual meeting, notice by the shareholder must be received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs; and
 
Ø  in the case of a special meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing directors, not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which notice of the date of such meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the special meeting was made, whichever first occurs.
To be in proper written form, a shareholder’s notice to the secretary must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee and to serve as a director if elected and must set forth:
Ø  as to each person whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election as a director:
  the name, age, business address and residence address of the person;
 
  the principal occupation or employment of the person;
 
131


 

Description of capital stock
 
  the class or series and number of shares of our capital stock that are owned beneficially or of record by the person; and
 
  any other information relating to the person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and
Ø  as to the shareholder giving the notice:
  the name and record address of such shareholder;
 
  the class or series and number of shares of our capital stock that are owned beneficially or of record by such shareholder;
 
  a description of all arrangements or understandings between such shareholder and each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are to be made by such shareholder;
 
  a representation that the shareholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice; and
 
  any other information relating to such shareholder that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
AMENDMENT OF ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation generally require the approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors to amend certain provisions of our articles of incorporation described in this section. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that the holders of a majority of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors have the power to amend or repeal our bylaws. In addition, our amended and restated articles of incorporation grant our Board of Directors the authority to amend and repeal our bylaws without a shareholder vote in any manner not inconsistent with the laws of the State of South Dakota.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS OF SOUTH DAKOTA LAW
Control share acquisitions
The control share acquisition provisions of the South Dakota Domestic Public Corporation Takeover Act provide generally that the shares of a publicly-held South Dakota corporation acquired by a person that exceeds a certain stock ownership threshold will have the same voting rights as other shares of the same class or series only if approved by: (i) the affirmative vote of the majority of all outstanding shares entitled to vote, including all shares held by the acquiring person and (ii) the affirmative vote of the majority of all outstanding shares entitled to vote, excluding all interested shares.
The restricted shareholder may submit to the corporation a statement setting forth information about itself and its plans with respect to the corporation. The statement may request that the corporation call a special meeting of shareholders to determine whether voting rights will be granted to the shares acquired beyond the applicable threshold. If the restricted shareholder does not timely deliver to the
 
132


 

Description of capital stock
 
corporation the information statement referenced above, or if the shareholders have voted not to accord voting rights to the restricted shareholder’s shares held in excess of the applicable threshold, then, unless the articles of incorporation of the corporation provide otherwise, the corporation will have the option to call for redemption all but not less than all of the restricted shareholder’s shares in excess of the applicable threshold at a redemption price equal to the market value of the shares at the time of the call for redemption. If the acquired shares are granted voting rights and they represent a majority of all voting power, shareholders who do not vote in favor of granting voting rights will have the right to receive the appraised fair value of their shares.
As permitted by the South Dakota Domestic Public Corporation Takeover Act, we have expressly opted out of the control share acquisition statute as provided in our amended and restated articles of incorporation.
Business combinations
We are subject to the provisions of Section 47-33-17 of the South Dakota Domestic Public Corporation Takeover Act. In general, Section 47-33-17 prohibits a publicly-held South Dakota corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested shareholder” for a period of four years after the date that the person became an interested shareholder unless the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested shareholder is approved in a prescribed manner. After the four-year period has elapsed, the business combination must still be approved, if not previously approved in the manner prescribed, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting shares exclusive, in some instances, of those shares beneficially owned by the interested shareholder. Generally, a “business combination” includes a merger, a transfer of 10% or more of the corporation’s assets, the issuance or transfer of stock equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of all of the corporation’s outstanding shares, the adoption of a plan of liquidation or dissolution, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested shareholder. Generally, an “interested shareholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns 10% or more of the corporation’s voting stock. This provision may delay, defer or prevent a change in control of us without the shareholders taking further action.
The South Dakota Domestic Public Corporation Takeover Act further provides that our board, in determining whether to approve a merger or other change of control, may take into account both the long-term as well as short-term interests of us and our shareholders, the effect on our employees, customers, creditors and suppliers, the effect upon the communities in which we operate and the effect on the economy of the state and nation. This provision may permit our board to vote against some proposals that, in the absence of this provision, it would have a fiduciary duty to approve.
LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
We have adopted provisions in our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws that limit or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the maximum extent permitted by the Act. The Act expressly permits a corporation to provide that its directors will not be liable to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for any action taken, or the failure to take any action, as directors, except for liability:
Ø  for the amount of a financial benefit received by a director to which the director is not entitled;
 
Ø  an intentional infliction of harm on the corporation or its shareholders;
 
Ø  a violation of Section 47-1A-833 of the Act (relating to unlawful distributions); or
 
Ø  an intentional violation of criminal law.
 
133


 

Description of capital stock
 
These limitations of liability do not generally affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission.
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws also authorize us to indemnify our officers, directors, employees and other agents to the fullest extent permitted under the Act and we may advance expenses to our directors, officers, employees and other agents in connection with a legal proceeding, subject to limited exceptions.
As permitted by the Act, our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that:
Ø  we must indemnify our board members and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Act and advance expenses to our board members and officers in connection with a legal proceeding, subject to limited exceptions; and
 
Ø  we may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of our current or former board members, officers, employees or agents against any liability asserted against them and incurred by them in any such capacity, or arising out of their status as such.
We also may enter into separate indemnification agreements with each of our board members and officers that will require us to indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by the Act. These indemnification agreements will also require us to advance any expenses incurred by the board members and officers as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.
The limited liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws and in any indemnification agreements we enter into may discourage shareholders from bringing a lawsuit against our board members for breach of their fiduciary duties and may reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our board members and officers, even though a derivative action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our shareholders. A shareholder’s investment in us may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement or damage awards against our directors and officers under these indemnification provisions.
THE NASDAQ GLOBAL MARKET LISTING
We will apply to have our common stock approved for listing on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “USBE.”
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will be Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Its address is 161 N. Concord Exchange, South St. Paul, Minnesota 55075, and its telephone number is (651) 450-4064.
 
134


 

 
Shares eligible for future sale
Prior to this offering, there was no public market for our common stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the price of our common stock.
Based on the number of shares outstanding as of June 30, 2006, we will have approximately                     shares of our common stock outstanding after the completion of this offering (approximately                  shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). Of those shares, the                     shares of common stock sold in this offering (                    shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) will be freely transferable without restriction, unless purchased by our affiliates. The remaining shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately following the completion of this offering, which are “restricted securities” under Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933, or Rule 144, as well as any other shares held by our affiliates, may not be resold except pursuant to an effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from registration, including an exemption under Rule 144.
LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS
The holders of approximately                      shares of our outstanding common stock as of the closing of this offering and the holders of                      shares of common stock underlying options as of the closing of this offering, including all of our officers and directors, have entered into lock-up agreements pursuant to which they have generally agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to offer or sell any shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of common stock for a period of at least 180 days from the date of this prospectus without the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters. The holders of approximately                     shares of our outstanding common stock as of the closing of this offering are not party to any lock-up agreements. See “Underwriting— No sale of similar securities.”
RULE 144
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, an affiliate of ours who beneficially owns shares of our common stock that are not restricted securities, or a person who beneficially owns for more than one year shares of our common stock that are restricted securities, may generally sell, within any three-month period, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:
Ø  1% of the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding, which will equal approximately                      shares immediately after this offering; and
 
Ø  the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on The NASDAQ Global Market during the four preceding calendar weeks.
Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to requirements with respect to manner of sale, notice and the availability of current public information about us. Generally, a person who was not our affiliate at any time during the three months before the sale, and who has beneficially owned shares of our common stock that are restricted securities for at least two years, may sell those shares without regard to the volume limitations, manner of sale provisions, notice requirements or the requirements with respect to availability of current public information about us.
Rule 144 does not supersede the contractual obligations of our security holders set forth in the lock-up agreements described above.
 
135


 

Shares eligible for future sale
 
RULE 701
Generally, an employee, officer, director or consultant who purchased shares of our common stock before the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or who holds options as of that date, pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract, may rely on the resale provisions of Rule 701 under the Securities Act. Under Rule 701, these persons who are not our affiliates may generally sell their eligible securities, commencing 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, without having to comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. These persons who are our affiliates may generally sell their eligible securities under Rule 701, commencing 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, without having to comply with Rule 144’s one-year holding period restriction.
Neither Rule 144 nor Rule 701 supersedes the contractual obligations of our security holders set forth in the lock-up agreements described above.
SALE OF RESTRICTED SHARES
The                      shares of our common stock that were outstanding on                     will become eligible for sale, pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 701, without registration approximately as follows:
Ø                       shares of common stock will be immediately eligible for sale in the public market without restriction;
 
Ø                       shares of common stock will be eligible for sale in the public market under Rule 144 or Rule 701, beginning 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, subject to the volume, manner of sale and other limitations under those rules; and
 
Ø  the remaining                      shares of common stock will become eligible under Rule 144 for sale in the public market from time to time after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part upon expiration of their respective holding periods.
The above does not take into consideration the effect of the lock-up agreements described above.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
In connection with our acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC on April 30, 2006, we entered into a registration rights agreement with Platte Valley Energy, LLC, one of the selling members of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol and an affiliate of Ron Fagen.
Subject to limited exceptions, under the registration rights agreement, Platte Valley Energy had the right to request that we register for resale up to 10,000,000 shares of our common stock under the Securities Act in connection with this offering. We have received notice that Platte Valley Energy has waived its right to register shares of our common stock in this offering.
The registration rights agreement also grants Platte Valley Energy piggy-back rights on any proposed registration by us pursuant to the Securities Act (whether or not for our own account) once we have become subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. We also agreed to bear the registration expenses of any piggy-back offering.
Except for shares subject to lock-up agreements, registration of the sale of these shares of our common stock would result in such shares becoming freely transferable without restriction under the Securities Act immediately upon the effectiveness of this registration statement. If any of our owners sell a large number of shares, the market price of our common stock could decline.
 
136


 

Shares eligible for future sale
 
EQUITY COMPENSATION
We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act covering the                      shares that will be reserved for issuance under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. We also intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 covering the                      shares that will be reserved for issuance under our 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. These Form S-8 registration statements are expected to be filed prior to the consummation of this offering, and the Form S-8s will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, shares registered under this registration statement will, subject to Rule 144 provisions applicable to affiliates, be available for sale in the open market, unless these shares are subject to vesting restrictions with us or are otherwise subject to the contractual obligations set forth in the lock-up agreements described above.
 
137


 

 
Material U.S. federal income tax considerations for Non-U.S. Holders
The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock by Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below). This summary deals only with our common stock held as capital assets by Non-U.S. Holders who purchase common stock in this offering. This discussion does not cover all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to the purchase, ownership or disposition of our common stock by prospective investors in light of their particular circumstances. In particular, this discussion does not address all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to certain types of investors subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, such as:
Ø  dealers in securities or currencies;
 
Ø  financial institutions;
 
Ø  regulated investment companies;
 
Ø  real estate investment trusts;
 
Ø  tax-exempt entities;
 
Ø  insurance companies;
 
Ø  cooperatives;
 
Ø  persons holding common stock as part of a hedging, integrated, conversion or constructive sale transaction or a straddle;
 
Ø  traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings;
 
Ø  persons liable for alternative minimum tax;
 
Ø  U.S. expatriates;
 
Ø  Non-U.S. Holders who own or acquire 5% or more of our common stock;
 
Ø  partnerships or entities or arrangements treated as a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal tax purposes (or investors therein); or
 
Ø  U.S. Holders (as defined below).
Furthermore, this summary is based upon the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as of the date hereof. Such authorities may be repealed, revoked, modified or subject to differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below. We have not received a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) with respect to any of the matters discussed herein. This discussion does not address any state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations.
For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of our common stock that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes one of the following:
Ø  a citizen or an individual resident of the U.S.;
 
Ø  a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation) created or organized in or under the laws of the U.S. or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
 
138


 

Material U.S. federal income tax considerations for Non-U.S. Holders
 
Ø  an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
 
Ø  a trust if it (i) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and one or more persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
If a partnership or other entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our common stock, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partnership or a partner of a partnership holding our common stock, we particularly urge you to consult your own tax advisors.
If you are considering the purchase of our common stock, we urge you to consult your own tax advisors concerning the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences to you of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock, as well as any consequences to you arising under state, local and non-U.S. tax laws.
The following discussion applies only to Non-U.S. Holders. A “Non-U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our common stock (other than a partnership or an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is not a U.S. Holder. Special rules may apply to you if you are a “controlled foreign corporation” or a “passive foreign investment company” or are otherwise subject to special treatment under the Code. Any such holders should consult your own tax advisors to determine the U.S. federal income, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences that may be relevant to you.
Dividends
Dividends paid to you (to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable tax treaty. However, dividends that are effectively connected with a trade or business you conduct within the U.S., or, if certain tax treaties apply, are attributable to a permanent establishment you maintain in the U.S., are not subject to the U.S. federal withholding tax, but instead are subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the applicable graduated individual or corporate rates. Special certification and disclosure requirements must be satisfied for effectively connected income to be exempt from withholding. If you are a corporation, any such effectively connected dividends that you receive may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
If you wish to claim the benefit of an applicable treaty rate for dividends paid on our common stock, you must provide the withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, claiming an exemption from or reduction in withholding under the applicable income tax treaty. In the case of common stock held by a foreign intermediary (other than a “qualified intermediary”), the intermediary generally must provide an IRS Form W-8IMY and attach thereto an appropriate certification by each beneficial owner for which it is receiving the dividends.
If you are eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. federal withholding tax pursuant to an applicable income tax treaty, you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS.
 
139


 

Material U.S. federal income tax considerations for Non-U.S. Holders
 
Sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of common stock
You generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax with respect to gain recognized on a sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of shares of our common stock unless:
Ø  the gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the U.S., or, if certain tax treaties apply, is attributable to a permanent establishment you maintain in the U.S.;
 
Ø  you are an individual and hold shares of our common stock as a capital asset, you are present in the U.S. for 183 or more days in the taxable year of the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition, and you have a “tax home” in the U.S.; or
 
Ø  we are or have been a “United States real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the five-year period preceding such disposition and your holding period in the common stock, and (i) you beneficially own, or have owned, more than 5% of the total fair market value of our common stock at any time during the five-year period preceding such disposition, or (ii) our common stock has ceased to be traded on an established securities market prior to the beginning of the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs.
If you are an individual and are described in the first bullet above, you will be subject to tax on any gain derived from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition under regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates. If you are an individual and are described in the second bullet above, you will be subject to a flat 30% tax on any gain derived from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition that may be offset by U.S. source capital losses (even though you are not considered a resident of the U.S.). If you are a corporation and are described in the first bullet above, you will be subject to tax on your gain under regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates and, in addition, may be subject to the branch profits tax on your effectively connected earnings and profits for the taxable year, which would include such gain, at a rate of 30% or at such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, subject to adjustments.
We believe that we may be a “United States real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Generally, a corporation is a U.S. real property holding corporation if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests, as defined in the Code and applicable regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. If we are a U.S. real property holding corporation and you are a holder of greater than 5% of the total fair market value of our common stock, you should consult your tax advisor.
U.S. federal estate tax
Shares of our common stock held by an individual Non-U.S. Holder at the time of his or her death will be included in such Non-U.S. Holder’s gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.
Information reporting and backup withholding
You may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding with respect to any dividends on, and the proceeds from dispositions of, our common stock paid to you, unless you comply with certain reporting procedures (usually satisfied by providing an IRS Form W-8BEN) or otherwise establish an exemption. Additional rules relating to information reporting requirements and backup
 
140


 

Material U.S. federal income tax considerations for Non-U.S. Holders
 
withholding with respect to the payment of proceeds from the disposition of shares of our common stock will apply as follows:
Ø  If the proceeds are paid to or through the U.S. office of a broker (U.S. or foreign), they generally will be subject to backup withholding and information reporting, unless you certify that you are not a U.S. person under penalties of perjury (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN) or otherwise establish an exemption;
 
Ø  If the proceeds are paid to or through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is not a U.S. person and is not a foreign person with certain specified U.S. connections (a “U.S. Related Person”), they will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting; or
 
Ø  If the proceeds are paid to or through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or a U.S. Related Person, they generally will be subject to information reporting (but not backup withholding), unless you certify that you are not a U.S. person under penalties of perjury (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN) or otherwise establish an exemption.
In addition, the amount of any dividends paid to you and the amount of tax, if any, withheld from such payment generally must be reported annually to you and the IRS. The IRS may make such information available under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty to the tax authorities in the country in which you reside.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished by you to the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the filing of a U.S. tax return for claiming a refund of such backup withholding.
 
141


 

 
Underwriting
We are offering the shares of our common stock described in this prospectus through the underwriters named below. UBS Securities LLC, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Piper Jaffray & Co. are the representatives of the underwriters. We have entered into an underwriting agreement with the representatives. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, each of the underwriters has severally agreed to purchase the number of shares of common stock listed next to its name in the following table:
         
Underwriters   Number of shares
 
UBS Securities LLC
       
Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC
       
Piper Jaffray & Co. 
       
William Blair & Company, L.L.C. 
       
A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. 
       
       
Total
       
       
The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters must buy all of the shares if they buy any of them. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the shares covered by the underwriters’ over-allotment option described below.
Our common stock is being offered subject to a number of conditions, including:
Ø  receipt and acceptance of the common stock by the underwriters, and
 
Ø  the underwriters’ right to reject orders in whole or in part.
In connection with this offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses electronically.
Sales of shares made outside of the U.S. may be made by affiliates of the underwriters.
OVER-ALLOTMENT OPTION
We have granted the underwriters an option to buy up to                     additional shares of our common stock. The underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, made in connection with this offering. The underwriters have 30 days from the date of this prospectus to exercise this option. If the underwriters exercise this option, they will each purchase additional shares approximately in proportion to the amounts specified in the table above.
COMMISSIONS AND DISCOUNTS
Shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount of up to $           per share from the public offering price. Any of these securities dealers may resell any shares purchased from the underwriters to other brokers or dealers at a discount of up to $           per share from the public offering price. If all the shares are not sold at the initial public offering price, the representatives may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The underwriters have informed us that they do not expect discretionary sales to exceed 5% of the shares of common stock to be offered.
 
142


 

Underwriting
 
The following table shows the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions we will pay to the underwriters, assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional                     shares:
                 
    No exercise   Full exercise
 
Per share
  $       $    
Total
  $       $    
We estimate that the total expenses of this offering payable by us, not including the underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $                     million.
NO SALES OF SIMILAR SECURITIES
We, our executive officers and directors and certain of our existing shareholders holding in the aggregate                      shares of our common stock have entered into lock-up agreements with the underwriters. Under these agreements, we and each of these persons may not, without the prior written approval of the representatives of the underwriters, offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of or hedge our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. These restrictions will be in effect for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus. At any time and without public notice, the representatives of the underwriters may in their sole discretion release some or all of the securities from these lock-up agreements.
If:
Ø  during the period that begins on the date that is 15 calendar days plus 3 business days before the last day of the 180-day lock-up period and ends on the last day of the 180-day lock-up period,
  we issue an earnings release or
 
  material news or a material event relating to us occurs; or
Ø  prior to the expiration of the 180-day lock-up period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day lock-up period,
then the 180-day lock-up period will be extended until the expiration of the date that is 15 calendar days plus 3 business days after the date on which the issuance of the earnings release or the material news or material event occurs.
INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters and their controlling persons against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we will contribute to payments the underwriters and their controlling persons may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
THE NASDAQ GLOBAL MARKET LISTING
We will apply to have our common stock approved for listing on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “USBE.”
 
143


 

Underwriting
 
PRICE STABILIZATION, SHORT POSITIONS
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our common stock, including:
Ø  stabilizing transactions;
 
Ø  short sales;
 
Ø  purchases to cover positions created by short sales;
 
Ø  imposition of penalty bids; and
 
Ø  syndicate covering transactions.
Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock while this offering is in progress. These transactions may also include making short sales of our common stock, which involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than they are required to purchase in this offering. Short sales may be “covered short sales,” which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ over-allotment option referred to above, or may be “naked short sales,” which are short positions in excess of that amount.
The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over-allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering.
The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives have repurchased shares sold by or for the account of that underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.
As a result of these activities, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued by the underwriters at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on The NASDAQ Global Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
Prior to this offering, there was no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiation by us and the representatives of the underwriters. The principal factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price include:
Ø  the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representatives;
 
Ø  our history and prospects and the history of, and prospects for, the industry in which we compete;
 
Ø  our past and present financial performance and an assessment of our management;
 
Ø  our prospects for future earnings and the present state of our development;
 
Ø  the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering;
 
144


 

Underwriting
 
Ø  the recent market prices of, and the demand for, publicly traded common stock of generally comparable companies; and
 
Ø  other factors deemed relevant by the underwriters and us.
DIRECTED SHARE PROGRAM
At our request, certain of the underwriters have reserved up to 10% of the common stock being offered by this prospectus for sale at the initial offering price to our officers, directors, employees and consultants and other persons having a relationship with us, as designated by us. The sales will be made by UBS Financial Services, Inc., an affiliate of UBS Securities, LLC, through a directed share program. We do not know whether these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. Directed share participants purchasing at least $100,000 of these reserved shares will be subject to the restrictions described in “—No sales of similar securities” above.
AFFILIATIONS
Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates may from time to time provide certain commercial banking, financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us for which they were and will be entitled to receive separate fees.
The underwriters and their affiliates may from time to time in the future engage in transactions with us and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business.
 
145


 

 
Legal matters
The validity of the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for us by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP & Affiliates, Chicago, Illinois and Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP. Certain legal matters relating to this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Sidley Austin LLP, Chicago, Illinois.
 
Experts
The following consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus were audited by McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their reports herein:
Ø  US BioEnergy Corporation and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and for the period from October 28, 2004 to December 31, 2004 and for the year ended December 31, 2005;
 
Ø  United Bio Energy, LLC for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005;
 
Ø  Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005; and
 
Ø  US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly known as Superior Corn Products, LLC) for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 and for the period from October 1, 2004 to April 30, 2005.
The following consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus were audited by Kennedy & Coe, independent auditors, as stated in their reports herein:
Ø  United Bio Energy, LLC as of and for the year ended December 31, 2004; and
 
Ø  ICM Marketing, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2003.
The financial statements of Superior Corn Products, LLC for the period from January 15 to September 30, 2004 incorporated into the financial statements of US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly known as Superior Corn Products, LLC) included in this prospectus have been audited by Christianson & Associates, PLLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report appearing herein.
 
146


 

 
Where you can find more information
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock we are offering. This prospectus does not contain all of the information in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and our common stock, we refer you to the registration statement and to the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus about the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete, and, in each instance, we refer you to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. Each of these statements is qualified in all respects by this reference.
You may read and copy the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, which is located at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of the registration statement by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet website, which is located at http://www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. You may access the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part at the SEC’s Internet website. Upon completion of this offering, we will be subject to the information reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and we will file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC.
We maintain an Internet website at www.usbioenergy.net. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
 
147


 

 
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
             
    Page
     
US BioEnergy Corporation Financial Statements
       
      F-2  
      F-3  
      F-5  
      F-6  
      F-7  
      F-9  
 
Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
       
        F-26  
        F-28  
        F-29  
        F-30  
Financial Statements of Predecessors
       
 
United Bio Energy, LLC audited financial statements
       
        F-38  
        F-39  
        F-40  
        F-41  
        F-42  
        F-43  
        F-45  
 
United BioEnergy, LLC Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
       
        F-51  
        F-52  
        F-53  
 
ICM Marketing, Inc. audited financial statements
       
        F-54  
        F-55  
        F-56  
        F-57  
        F-58  
Financial Statements of Acquired Companies
       
 
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC audited financial statements
       
        F-61  
        F-62  
        F-63  
        F-64  
        F-65  
        F-66  
 
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
       
        F-75  
        F-76  
        F-77  
        F-78  
 
US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) audited financial statements
       
        F-80  
        F-81  
        F-82  
        F-83  
        F-84  
        F-85  
 
F-1


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
(MCGLADREY LOGO)
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To the Board of Directors
US BioEnergy Corporation
Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of US BioEnergy Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of US BioEnergy Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
  (McGladrey & Pullen Signature)
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
January 27, 2006
McGladrey & Pullen, LLP is a member firm of RSM International,
an affiliation of separate and independent legal entities.
 
F-2


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated balance sheets
December 31, 2004 and 2005
                       
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
ASSETS
Currents Assets
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
               
   
Cash
  $ 758     $ 6,809  
   
Reverse repurchase agreement
          33,641  
             
      758       40,450  
 
Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $75
          27,298  
 
Inventories
          14,671  
 
Prepaid expenses
    1       217  
 
Note receivable
          148  
 
Deferred income taxes
          51  
             
     
Total current assets
    759       82,835  
             
Other Assets
               
 
Goodwill
          3,347  
 
Debt issuance costs, net of amortization of $54
          1,179  
 
Finite life intangible assets, net of amortization of $433
          2,167  
 
Other
          154  
             
     
Total other assets
          6,847  
             
Property and Equipment, net
    632       67,140  
             
    $ 1,391     $ 156,822  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-3


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated balance sheets (continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2005
                     
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Liabilities
               
 
Checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
  $     $ 6,483  
 
Note payable
          315  
 
Accounts payable
    173       39,157  
 
Income taxes payable
          276  
 
Accrued expenses
    26       1,415  
 
Deferred revenue
          209  
             
   
Total current liabilities
    199       47,855  
             
Long-term Debt
          6,250  
             
Deferred Income Taxes
          267  
             
Commitments and contingencies
               
Shareholders’ Equity
               
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 50,000,000 shares, issued none
           
 
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 400,000,000 shares, issued 123,360,500 shares in 2005
          1,234  
 
Class B common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 25,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 10,750,000 shares in 2004
    107        
 
Class B common stock subscribed for but unpaid and unissued, 14,250,000 shares in 2004
    4,750        
 
Additional paid-in capital
    1,139       105,501  
             
      5,996       106,735  
 
Less Class B common stock subscriptions receivable, 14,250,000 shares in 2004
    (4,750 )      
             
      1,246       106,735  
 
Accumulated deficit
    (54 )     (4,285 )
             
      1,192       102,450  
             
   
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,391     $ 156,822  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-4


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated statements of operations
Period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and year ended December 31, 2005
                     
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
Revenues:
               
 
Product sales
  $     $ 9,633  
 
Services and commissions
          6,782  
             
   
Total revenues
          16,415  
             
Cost of goods sold:
               
 
Cost of product sales
          9,467  
 
Cost of services and commissions
          3,520  
             
   
Total cost of goods sold
          12,987  
             
   
Gross profit
          3,428  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    55       8,016  
             
   
Operating loss
    (55 )     (4,588 )
             
Other income (expense):
               
 
Interest expense
          (467 )
 
Interest income
    1       319  
 
Other income
          104  
             
      1       (44 )
             
   
Loss before income taxes
    (54 )     (4,632 )
Federal and state income tax benefit
          401  
             
   
Net loss
  $ (54 )   $ (4,231 )
             
Loss per common share:
               
 
Basic
  $ (0.02 )   $ (0.09 )
 
Diluted
    (0.02 )     (0.09 )
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-5


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity
Period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and year ended December 31, 2005
                                                           
                    Class B        
            Class B       common        
    Class A   Class B   common   Additional   stock        
    common   common   stock   paid-in   subscriptions   Accumulated    
    stock   stock   subscribed   capital   receivable   deficit   Total
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Balance, October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation)
  $     $     $     $     $     $     $  
 
Issuance of stock subscriptions
                6,000             (6,000 )            
 
Collection of stock subscription and issuance of 10,750,000 shares of Class B common stock
          107       (1,250 )     1,143       1,250             1,250  
 
Costs of raising capital
                      (4 )                 (4 )
 
Net loss
                                  (54 )     (54 )
                                           
Balance, December 31, 2004
          107       4,750       1,139       (4,750 )     (54 )     1,192  
 
Issuance of 3,787,877 shares of Class B common stock
          38       (1,263 )     1,225       1,263             1,263  
 
Conversion of 14,537,877 shares of Class B common stock to Class A common stock
    145       (145 )                              
 
Issuance of 108,822,623 shares of Class A common stock
    1,089             (3,487 )     99,680       3,487             100,769  
 
Issuance of options for common stock
                      3,552                   3,552  
 
Costs of raising capital
                      (95 )                 (95 )
 
Net loss
                                  (4,231 )     (4,231 )
                                           
Balance, December 31, 2005
  $ 1,234     $     $     $ 105,501     $     $ (4,285 )   $ 102,450  
                                           
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-6


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and year ended December 31, 2005
                         
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
               
 
Net loss
  $ (54 )   $ (4,231 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation
          322  
   
Amortization
          487  
   
Stock-based compensation
          3,552  
   
Deferred income taxes
          (677 )
   
Changes in working capital components, net of effects of business acquisitions:
               
     
Receivables
          (11,454 )
     
Inventories
          (9,833 )
     
Prepaid expenses
    (1 )     (90 )
     
Deposits
          46  
     
Accounts payable
    4       14,152  
     
Income taxes payable
          276  
     
Accrued expenses
          989  
     
Deferred revenue
          (52 )
             
       
Net cash used in operating activities
    (51 )     (6,513 )
             
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
               
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (441 )     (53,388 )
 
Cash acquired in purchase of United BioEnergy, LLC
          103  
 
Cash acquired in purchase of Superior Corn Products, LLC
          204  
 
Principal receipts on notes receivable
          235  
 
Proceeds from maturities of certificates of deposit
          102  
             
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (441 )     (52,744 )
             
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
               
 
Increase in checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
          3,556  
 
Debt issuance costs paid
          (1,032 )
 
Proceeds from long-term debt
          6,250  
 
Net payments on notes payable
          (6,043 )
 
Costs of raising capital
          (99 )
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    1,250       96,317  
             
       
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,250       98,949  
             
       
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    758       39,692  
Cash and Cash Equivalents
               
 
Beginning
          758  
             
 
Ending
  $ 758     $ 40,450  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-7


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows (continued)
Period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and year ended December 31, 2005
                       
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Financing and Investing Activities
               
 
Property and equipment acquired through accounts payable
  $ 165     $ 12,318  
 
Property and equipment acquired through accrued expenses
    27        
 
Property and equipment acquired through the issuance of 294,000 shares of Class A common stock
          294  
 
Costs of raising capital in accounts payable
    4        
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
               
 
Cash payments for interest, of which $32 was capitalized in 2005
  $     $ 469  
Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
               
 
Acquisition of United Bio Energy, LLC:
               
 
Cash
          $ 103  
 
Certificate of deposit
            102  
 
Accounts receivable
            15,844  
 
Inventories
            4,838  
 
Prepaid expenses
            126  
 
Note receivable, current
            294  
 
Property and equipment
            1,009  
 
Investments
            96  
 
Deposits
            104  
 
Note receivable
            89  
 
Debt issuance costs
            201  
 
Goodwill
            2,445  
 
Finite life intangible assets
            2,600  
             
     
Total assets acquired
            27,851  
             
 
Checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
            (2,927 )
 
Accounts payable
            (12,683 )
 
Accrued expenses
            (427 )
 
Deferred revenue
            (261 )
 
Long-term debt
            (6,358 )
 
Deferred income taxes
            (1,025 )
             
     
Total liabilities assumed
            (23,681 )
             
     
Net assets acquired through issuance of 5,000,000 shares of Class A common stock
          $ 4,170  
             
 
Acquisition of Superior Corn Products, LLC:
               
   
Cash
          $ 204  
   
Property and equipment
            13  
   
Deferred income taxes
            132  
   
Goodwill
            902  
             
     
Total assets acquired through issuance of 1,500,000 shares of Class A common stock
          $ 1,251  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-8


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of business: US BioEnergy Corporation (USBE), a South Dakota corporation located in Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota, was organized to build and acquire ethanol plants. USBE has established its year end to be December 31. As of December 31, 2004, USBE was in the development stage with its efforts being principally devoted to organizational, equity raising and construction activities.
On January 20, 2005, USBE formed US Bio Albert City, LLC (US Bio Albert City), an Iowa limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of USBE. US Bio Albert City was formed to finance, own and operate an ethanol plant under construction near Albert City, Iowa.
Effective April 30, 2005, USBE acquired US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) (US Bio Woodbury), which was organized to finance, own and operate an ethanol plant near Lake Odessa, Michigan. Following the acquisition, US Bio Woodbury became a wholly owned subsidiary of USBE.
Effective May 1, 2005, USBE acquired United Bio Energy, LLC (UBE), located in Wichita, Kansas. UBE provides general and plant management, grain origination, ethanol and ethanol co-product marketing and risk management services to third-party ethanol plants. UBE enters into agreements with plants to sell grain in amounts necessary for the plant’s production needs and to purchase ethanol and ethanol co-products in amounts equal to the plant’s production. To fulfill these obligations, UBE enters into contracts with grain producers and oil companies for the purchase of grain and sale of ethanol, respectively. Following the acquisition, UBE became a wholly owned subsidiary of USBE. USBE and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”.
A summary of significant accounting policies follows:
Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of USBE, US Bio Albert City, US Bio Woodbury, and UBE and its subsidiaries (United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC; United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC; United Bio Energy Grains, LLC; United Bio Energy Management, LLC and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC), all of which are wholly owned. All material intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates significant to the financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts, stock-based compensation and the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.
Revenue recognition: Revenues from the sale of grain, ethanol and related products are recorded when title of the products transfer to the end user. In accordance with the Company’s agreements for the procurement of grain and marketing of ethanol and related products for its customers, the Company pays for the products and shipping costs, and bills the end user for the products delivered. The Company recognizes revenues on these transactions on a net basis as commissions which represent the fixed margin between the amounts billed and amounts paid.
Revenue from management, trading and group buying services provided to customers is recognized on a monthly basis as earned. Amounts billed or received prior to being earned are recorded as deferred revenue.
 
F-9


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The Company also engages in commodity buying and selling under contracts that do not earn a fixed margin. The Company recognizes revenues and costs on these transactions on a gross basis when title of the products transfer to the end user.
The Company receives quarterly incentive payments in connection with its plant management agreements. Incentive revenue is recognized when no future performance contingencies exist. Quarterly incentive payments received throughout the year are deferred until the end of the plant’s fiscal year, at which time it is recognized for the entire year. Incentive revenue totaled approximately $964 for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Cash and cash equivalents: For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash balances with commercial banks in deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
Securities purchased under a resale agreement (reverse repurchase agreement) are recorded at the amount at which the securities were purchased plus accrued interest. In accordance with the terms of the reverse repurchase agreement, the Company does not take possession of the related securities. The Company’s agreement also contains provisions to ensure that the market value of the underlying assets remains sufficient to protect the Company in the event of default by the bank by requiring that the underlying securities have a total market value of at least 100% of the bank’s total obligations under the agreement.
Receivables: Receivables are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables based on a review of all outstanding amounts on a monthly basis. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by identifying troubled accounts and by using historical experience applied to an aging of accounts along with a general reserve. Receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received.
Inventories: Inventories at December 31, 2005 represent products in transit in which the Company has taken title. Inventories are stated at lower of cost, on the first-in and first-out (FIFO) method, or market and consist of $13,530 of ethanol finished goods and $1,141 of distillers grains finished goods.
Property and equipment: Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:
         
    Years
 
Leasehold improvements
    4 - 10  
Machinery and equipment
    5 - 10  
Office furniture and equipment
    3 - 7  
Land improvements will be depreciated upon the commencement of operations of the related property, which is expected to occur in 2006.
Debt issuance costs: Debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the related debt instrument by a method which approximates the interest method. Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2005 was $0 and $54, respectively. Estimated annual amortization expense in
 
F-10


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
connection with this debt is expected to be as follows: 2006 $80, 2007 $328; 2008 $257; 2009 $257; and 2010 $257.
Goodwill and finite life intangible assets: Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to tangible and identified intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized. Finite life intangible assets consist of customer contracts and lists. Finite life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 4 years. Goodwill and finite life intangible assets are reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently if certain impairment conditions arise.
Income taxes: Deferred taxes are provided on an asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
Loss per common share: Loss per weighted average common share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. The weighted average number of common shares was 3,230,769 and 44,728,040 in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Basic and diluted loss per common share are the same for 2004 and 2005 as options outstanding of 7,879,500 in 2005 were not included in the computation of diluted loss per common share in 2005 because their effect would have been antidilutive.
Segment reporting: Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s operating segments are aggregated into the “Services” and “Production” reportable segments because the long-term financial performance of these reportable segments is affected by similar economic conditions. During the first quarter of 2006, management combined certain non-production operating segments which were previously disclosed as separate reportable segments, into one operating segment. These segments have been restated as one reportable segment (the Services segment) to be consistent with the chief operating decision maker’s approach to managing the business in 2006.
Fair value of financial instruments: The carrying amounts reported on the balance sheets for cash, reverse repurchase agreements, checks written on controlled disbursement accounts, receivables, investments, accounts and note payable and accrued interest approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of the instruments. Fair values for long-term debt are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered for debt with similar terms and underlying collateral. The total carrying value of long-term debt reported on the balance sheet approximates its fair value.
Stock-based compensation: The Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations. No stock-based employee compensation cost has been recognized for employee grants under fixed stock option plans, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of
 
F-11


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
grant. Stock-based awards to nonemployees are recognized as an expense over the vesting period based upon the fair value of the awards at the date of the grant, computed using the Black-Scholes pricing model, under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.
The following table illustrates the effect on the net loss if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123 to stock-based employee compensation. The table does not include the effect of nonemployee awards.
                   
    2004   2005
 
Net loss, as reported
  $ (54 )   $ (4,231 )
 
Deduct total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects
          (21 )
             
Pro forma net loss
  $ (54 )   $ (4,252 )
             
Loss per common share:
               
 
Basic and diluted, as reported
  $ (0.02 )   $ (0.09 )
 
Basic and diluted, pro forma
    (0.02 )     (0.09 )
The fair value of each employee option was estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model, and the minimum value method, with the following weighted average assumptions:
         
    2005
 
Dividend yield
    None  
Risk-free interest rate
    4.4 - 4.6%  
Expected life of instrument
    7 - 10 years  
Advertising: Marketing and promotional costs are expensed when incurred and were $0 and $99 for the period ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively.
NOTE 2. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
On January 28, 2005, the Company amended and restated its Articles of Incorporation and By-laws and changed its authorized capital from 100,000,000 shares of $0.10 par value common stock to 475,000,000 shares among three classes of $0.01 par value stock consisting of:
     400,000,000 shares designated as Class A Common Stock;
     25,000,000 shares designated as Class B Common Stock; and
     50,000,000 shares designated as Preferred Stock.
The information presented in the shareholder’s equity section in the accompanying financial statements, the number of shares of common stock outstanding and loss per common share have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to this change in authorized and designated stock.
The rights of the holders of Class A and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share and is convertible at any time into one share of Class A common stock. Unless otherwise required by law, holders of shares of Class A and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote of shareholders, except that the holders of the Class A common stock
 
F-12


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
are entitled to vote separately as a single class to approve the issuance of additional shares of Class B common stock or any right to acquire Class B Common Stock.
Holders of Class A and Class B common stock are entitled to receive dividends at the same rate, when such dividends are declared by the Board of Directors, after payment of dividends required to be paid on shares of preferred stock, if any. In the event a dividend is paid in the form of shares of Class A common stock or rights to acquire shares of Class A common stock, the holders of Class A and Class B common stock are entitled to receive equally, Class A common stock, or rights to acquire Class A common stock, as the case may be.
In the event of liquidation, after payment of the Company’s debts and other liabilities and after making provision for the holders of preferred stock, if any, the Company’s remaining assets would be distributable ratably among the holders of the Class A and Class B common stock treated as a single class.
Class A common stock is not convertible into any other shares of capital stock. Each share of Class B common stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock. In the event of a transfer of shares of Class B common stock to any person other than those specifically provided for in the Amended Articles of Incorporation, each share of Class B common stock so transferred automatically will be converted into one share of Class A common stock pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Amended Articles of Incorporation.
The Class B common stock was converted into Class A common stock during 2005, and may not be reissued.
The Company’s Board of Directors has the authority, without approval by the shareholders, to issue up to a total of 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more classes or series. The Board of Directors may establish the number of shares to be included in each such class or series and may fix the designations, preferences, powers and other rights of the shares of a series of preferred stock. No preferred stock has been issued.
NOTE 3.     BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Effective April 30, 2005, the Company acquired all of the outstanding members’ equity of US Bio Woodbury, a development stage company. This transaction allowed the Company to expedite its expansion into the ethanol market. In addition, the site is close to major oil companies. The results of US Bio Woodbury’s operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since that date. In connection with the acquisition, USBE issued 1,500,000 shares of Class A common stock valued at $1,251 to the former owners of US Bio Woodbury. The value of the shares issued was determined based on the value established by recent stock transactions with unrelated parties. Goodwill of $902 resulted from this acquisition and was assigned to the production segment.
On May 1, 2005, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of UBE, 40% of which was owned by a shareholder of the Company. The acquisition of UBE moved the Company into ethanol and distillers marketing, grain procurement, and into third-party management services. In addition to providing these services to third-parties, the Company intends to use these services to manage its own ethanol plants. The results of UBE’s operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since that date. In connection with the acquisition, USBE issued 5,000,000 shares of Class A common stock valued at $4,170 to the former owners of UBE. The value of the shares issued was determined based on the value established by recent stock transactions with unrelated parties.
 
F-13


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Finite life intangible assets of $2,600 were acquired, consisting of customer contracts and lists, with a weighted-average useful life of 4 years. Goodwill of $2,445 resulted from this acquisition and was assigned to the services segment.
Unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations for the period from October 28, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and for the year ended December 31, 2005, as though US Bio Woodbury and UBE had been acquired as of October 28, 2004, follow:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Revenues
  $ 5,752     $ 22,856  
Net loss
    (292 )     (5,592 )
Basic and diluted loss per common share
    (0.07 )     (0.12 )
NOTE 4.     PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
A summary of property and equipment at December 31 is as follows:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Land and land improvements
  $ 632     $ 7,202  
Leasehold improvements
          272  
Machinery and equipment
          778  
Office furniture and equipment
          422  
Construction in progress
          58,787  
             
      632       67,461  
Less accumulated depreciation
          321  
             
    $ 632     $ 67,140  
             
NOTE 5.     ACQUIRED FINITE LIFE INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
As a result of the business combinations described in Note 3, finite life intangible assets consisting of customer contracts and lists were acquired with a gross carrying amount of $2,600. Amortization expense recognized on these intangibles in 2005 totaled $433, resulting in an accumulated amortization of that amount as of December 31, 2005. Estimated annual amortization expense is expected to be as follows: 2006 $650; 2007 $650; 2008 $650; and 2009 $217.
Changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2005, by reportable segment, are as follows:
                           
    Services   Production   Total
 
Balance, beginning
  $     $     $  
 
Acquired during the year
    2,445       902       3,347  
                   
Balance, ending
  $ 2,445     $ 902     $ 3,347  
                   
NOTE 6.     NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT
The Company has an asset-based lending agreement with LaSalle Business Credit, LLC (LaSalle) with a maximum line of credit of $20,000 limited to a percentage of accounts receivable, at a variable interest
 
F-14


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
rate (8.25% at December 31, 2005). The agreement matures on November 4, 2007, however, LaSalle may reduce the maximum line of credit or make demand for repayment prior to maturity. The line of credit is collateralized by substantially all assets of UBE. The agreement requires that UBE maintain certain levels of tangible net worth and earnings. The agreement provides for up to $2,000 of letters of credit. At December 31, 2005, the Company had letters of credit totaling $1,213, with no amounts drawn against them, to guarantee its commitments related to leased rail cars and operations within a certain state. Under the terms of the agreement, checks presented for payment against the specified controlled disbursement accounts will be treated as requests for advances against the agreement. Amounts on deposit in specified lockbox accounts are recognized as reductions in the outstanding note balances. ICM, Inc., and Fagen, Inc. (related parties) have guaranteed up to $4,000 of debt under the agreement. As of December 31, 2005, no amounts were outstanding to LaSalle.
In April 2005, the Company entered into a loan agreement with the State of Iowa for $400. If certain terms and conditions of the agreement are met, $100 will be forgiven. Other borrowings under the agreement will be repaid over a five year amortization with no interest. No amounts were outstanding at December 31, 2005.
In November 2005, the Company entered into a master loan agreement with a bank to finance the construction of US Bio Woodbury’s ethanol plant. The agreement provides for a construction loan of the lesser of $36,000 or 60% of the total project costs. Upon completion of the plant, the construction loan converts into either a term loan with a twelve year amortization schedule or upon request by the Company, a term revolving loan in an amount not to exceed $8,000 and a term loan in an amount not to exceed $28,000 with a twelve year amortization schedule. The construction loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50%. The revolving loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25%. Following the maturity of the construction loan, if any, the variable rate of interest on any outstanding loan will be subject to adjustment based on the level of Woodbury’s “tangible owners equity”. The agreement provides for certain restrictive covenants beginning upon completion of the plant. The Company must remit 50% of excess cash flows, as defined in the agreement, not to exceed $2,500 annually, in addition to normal principal and interest payments on the term loan. Prepayment of the term loan within two years of plant completion results in a prepayment penalty of up to 2.00%. The agreement also provides for an asset-based revolving loan commitment with a maximum line of credit of $3,500 limited based on a percentage of eligible accounts receivable upon completion of the plant. The Company is also required to pay an unused commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on unused commitments. The agreement also provides for $500 of letters of credit with a 2.50% annual fee. No amounts were outstanding at December 31, 2005.
In November 2005, the Company entered into a master loan agreement with a bank to finance the construction of US Bio Albert City’s ethanol plant. The agreement provides for a construction loan of the lesser of $75,000 or 60% of the total project costs. Upon completion of the plant, the construction loan converts into either a term loan with a twelve year amortization schedule or upon request by the Company, a term revolving loan in an amount not to exceed $17,000 and a term loan in an amount not to exceed $58,000 with a twelve year amortization schedule. The construction loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50%. The revolving loan has an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25%. Following the maturity of the construction loan, if any, the variable rate of interest on any outstanding loan will be subject to adjustment based on the level of Albert City’s “tangible owners equity”. The agreement provides for certain restrictive covenants beginning upon completion of the plant. The Company must remit 50% of excess cash flows, as defined in the agreement, not to exceed $5,000 annually, in addition to normal principal and interest payments on the term loan. Prepayment of the
 
F-15


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
term loan within two years of plant completion results in a prepayment penalty of up to 2.00%. The agreement also provides for an asset-based revolving loan commitment with a maximum line of credit of $6,500 limited to a percentage of eligible accounts receivable upon completion of the plant. The Company is also required to pay an unused commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on the unused commitment. No loans were outstanding at December 31, 2005. The agreement also provides for $3,000 of letters of credit with a 2.50% annual fee. The Company has an outstanding letter of credit of $1,228 with no amounts drawn at December 31, 2005.
The Company has a short-term note payable to ICM, Inc., which consists of funds advanced for operating expenses at a variable interest rate (8.00% at December 31, 2005). The note is payable on demand and is unsecured. As of December 31, 2005, $315 was outstanding under the note.
Long-term debt consists of the following at December 31, 2005:
         
14.50% Subordinated note payable, due in quarterly interest only payments through 2011 and thereafter in quarterly principal payments of $312, plus interest through 2015, collateralized by substantially all assets of US Bio Albert City(a)
  $ 5,000  
14.50% Subordinated note payable, due in quarterly interest only payments through 2011 and thereafter in quarterly principal payments of $78, plus interest through 2015, collateralized by substantially all assets of US Bio Albert City(a)
    1,250  
       
    $ 6,250  
       
 
(a) The Company must pay a prepayment penalty of up to 6.00% of the outstanding principal balance if the Company pays off the note prior to 2011.
NOTE 7.     LEASES
The Company leases rail cars and office space under operating leases. The Company then rents most of the rail cars to customers as provided for under its service agreements with ethanol plants.
Future minimum lease payments are due as follows:
         
2006
  $ 6,424  
2007
    6,398  
2008
    3,924  
2009
    3,448  
2010
    2,339  
Thereafter
    2,208  
       
    $ 24,741  
       
The total rental expense included in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2005 was approximately $3,026 and the net rental expense, after deducting rental income of approximately $2,928 from subleases was approximately $98.
The Company is responsible for repairs and maintenance on the rail cars, as well as damages that are assessed at the end of the lease term. Such accrual as of December 31, 2005 was $73.
 
F-16


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 8.     INCOME TAX MATTERS
Net deferred tax liabilities consist of the following components as of December 31, 2004 and 2005:
                     
    2004   2005
 
Deferred tax assets:
               
 
Stock-based compensation
  $     $ 1,349  
 
Organization and start up costs
    19       533  
 
Accrued expenses
          87  
 
Other
          65  
             
      19       2,034  
 
Less: valuation allowance
    (19 )     (1,350 )
             
            684  
             
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
 
Intangibles
          (823 )
 
Prepaid expenses
          (77 )
             
            (900 )
             
   
Net deferred tax liabilities
  $     $ (216 )
             
The components giving rise to the net deferred tax liabilities described above have been included in the accompanying balance sheets as of December 31 as follows:
         
    2005
 
Current assets
  $ 51  
Noncurrent liabilities
    (267 )
       
    $ (216 )
       
The provision for (benefit of) income taxes charged to operations for the period ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005 consists of the following:
           
    2005
 
Current:
       
 
Federal
  $ 222  
 
State
    54  
Deferred
    (677 )
       
    $ (401 )
       
 
F-17


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The income tax benefit differs from the amount of income tax benefit determined by applying the US Federal income tax rate to pretax loss for the period ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005 due to the following:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Computed “expected” tax benefit
  $ (19 )   $ (1,621 )
State income tax benefit, net of federal tax effect
          (139 )
Change in valuation allowance
    19       1,331  
Other, net
          28  
             
    $     $ (401 )
             
As of December 31, 2005, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $1,350 against its deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon sufficient future taxable income during the period that deductible temporary differences and carryforwards are expected to be available to reduce taxable income.
NOTE 9.     OTHER RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As of December 31, 2004, the Company had an administrative services agreement with entities owned by certain shareholders of the Company. In November 2005, the Company issued stock options for 6,500,000 shares of common stock (Note 10) to terminate the administrative services agreement to effectively remove a certain fee provision. The Company entered into a new services agreement with one of the related entities for a term of three years to provide all administrative services required by the Company, including human resources and accounting. For the period ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company incurred expenses of $147 and $959, respectively, for services under the above mentioned agreements.
NOTE 10.     STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND PAYMENTS
On January 28, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the US BioEnergy Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (Plan). The purpose of the Plan is to enable the Company to retain and attract key employees, consultants and non-employee directors. The Plan authorizes the granting of awards in any of the following forms: (i) stock options, (ii) stock appreciation rights, (iii) restricted stock, and (iv) deferred stock.
The maximum number of shares reserved and available under the Plan for awards is 10,000,000 shares of Class A common stock (Award Shares). Award Shares covered by expired or terminated stock options and forfeited shares of restricted stock or deferred stock may be used for subsequent awards under the Plan.
The Company’s officers and other key individuals that are responsible for or contribute to the Company’s management, growth and/or the profitability, as well as consultants and non-employee directors, are eligible to be granted awards under the Plan. The Plan is administered by the Board of Directors or, in its discretion, by a committee consisting of at least three members of the Board of Directors, or an entity providing management services to the Company.
The Board of Directors may grant stock options that either qualify as “incentive stock options” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”) or are “non-qualified stock options” in such form and upon such terms as the Board of Directors may approve from time to time. Stock options
 
F-18


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
granted under the Plan may be exercised during their respective terms as determined by the Board of Directors. In the event the Board of Directors do not determine the time at which an option is exercisable, such option will be exercisable over 5 years, subject to earlier termination as otherwise provided in the agreement. No stock option shall be transferable by the optionee or exercised by anyone else during the optionee’s lifetime.
No incentive stock option shall be granted under the Plan more than ten years after the date of adoption of the Plan. The term of an incentive stock option may not exceed 10 years (or 5 years if issued to an optionee who owns or is deemed to own more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of the Company’s stock, a subsidiary or any affiliate). The exercise price under an incentive stock option may not be less than the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted (or, in the event the optionee owns more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of stock, the option price shall be not less than 110% of the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted). The exercise price for non-qualified options granted under the Plan may not be less than 50% of the fair market value of the Award Shares on the date of grant.
The Board of Directors may award unrestricted Award Shares to recipients in its discretion or upon the attainment of specified performance goals.
The Board of Directors may, at the time of the grant of Award Shares, provide the Company with the right to repurchase stock acquired under the Plan, pursuant to which the recipient will be required to offer to the Company upon termination of employment for any reason any stock that the recipient acquired under the Plan, with the price being the then fair market value of the stock or, in the case of a termination for cause, an amount equal to the cash consideration paid for the stock, whichever is less, subject to other terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may specify at the time of grant.
The Board of Directors may also, at the time of grant of Award Shares under the Plan or by amendment, obligate the Company to repurchase stock acquired pursuant to the Plan at the election of the recipient. In such event, the Plan provides that the Company may satisfy the purchase price in cash or by a combination of not less than 25% cash payment at closing and the remainder by an interest bearing promissory note payable over a period not to exceed five years. As of December 31, 2005, no such awards had been granted.
As of December 31, 2005 there were 8,620,500 shares available for grant under the Plan.
In November 2005, the Company issued stock options for 6,500,000 shares of Class A common stock to nonemployees in connection with the termination of an administrative services agreement (see Note 9). These options were granted outside of the Company’s Plan. The options were immediately exercisable with a ten year term and an exercise price of $1 per share. Based upon the Black-Scholes pricing model assumptions disclosed in Note 1, and an expected volatility factor of 34%, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $3,552 in 2005 for these grants which has been included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
 
F-19


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
A summary of the status of outstanding options at December 31, 2005 and changes during the year is as follows:
                 
        Weighted
        average
        exercise
Fixed options   Shares   price
 
Outstanding at beginning of year
        $  
Granted
    7,924,500       1.00  
Exercised
           
Forfeited
    (45,000 )     1.00  
             
Outstanding at end of year
    7,879,500     $ 1.00  
             
Options exercisable at end of year
            6,600,000  
             
Weighted-average fair value of total options granted
          $ 0.49  
Weighted-average fair value of employee options granted
            0.27  
Weighted-average fair value of nonemployee options granted
            0.54  
A further summary about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2005, is as follows:
                                                 
        Options outstanding   Options exercisable
             
            Weighted-        
            average   Weighted-       Weighted-
            remaining   average       average
    Exercise   Number   contractual   exercise   Number   exercise
Type   price   outstanding   life   price   exercisable   price
 
Employee
  $ 1.00       1,379,500       8.5 years     $ 1.00       100,000     $ 1.00  
Nonemployee
  $ 1.00       6,500,000       9.8 years       1.00       6,500,000       1.00  
                                     
              7,879,500                       6,600,000          
                                     
NOTE 11.     SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company has two reportable business segments: “Services” and “Production”. The Services segment provides general and plant management, grain origination, ethanol and ethanol co-product marketing and risk management services to third-party ethanol plants. The Production segment will derive its revenues from the production and sale of ethanol and distillers grains, once the ethanol plants have been constructed and/or after the acquisition of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC (see Note 15). The Company’s reportable segments are distinguished by those business units that will manufacture ethanol (Production) and business units that provide marketing and management services (Services). The Production segment includes the construction activities of US Bio Albert City and US Bio Woodbury. The Services segment includes the marketing and management operations of UBE.
 
F-20


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The “All Other” category in the following tables is primarily cash to be used towards the construction of ethanol plants and intersegment receivables.
Period ended December 31, 2004:
                                 
            All    
    Services   Production   other   Total
 
Revenues from external customers
  $     $     $     $  
Depreciation and amortization expense
                       
Interest expense
                       
Interest income
                1       1  
Segment pretax loss
                (54 )     (54 )
Segment assets
                1,391       1,391  
Capital expenditures for segment assets
                441       441  
Year ended December 31, 2005:
                                 
            All    
    Services   Production   other   Total
 
Revenues from external customers
  $ 16,415     $     $     $ 16,415  
Depreciation and amortization expense
    552             257       809  
Interest expense
    457             10       467  
Interest income
          314       5       319  
Segment pretax income (loss)
    383       (999 )     (4,016 )     (4,632 )
Segment assets
    55,495       74,225       57,635       187,355  
Capital expenditures for segment assets
    189       52,700       499       53,388  
The following schedule is presented to reconcile amounts in the foregoing segment information to the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
                     
    2004   2005
 
Assets:
               
 
Total assets of reportable segments
  $     $ 129,720  
 
All Other assets
    1,391       57,635  
 
Elimination of intercompany receivables
          (30,533 )
             
   
Total consolidated assets
  $ 1,391     $ 156,822  
             
 
F-21


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The components of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005 are as follows:
           
Product sales:
       
 
Ethanol
  $ 4,681  
 
Distillers grains
    1,048  
 
Corn
    2,777  
 
Other commodities
    1,127  
Services and commissions:
       
 
Services
    3,139  
 
Commissions
    3,643  
       
    $ 16,415  
       
NOTE 12.     COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CREDIT RISK
Master design—build letter agreement: On January 31, 2005, the Company entered into a master design—build letter agreement with Fagen, Inc., an entity owned by a shareholder. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the parties agree to use their best efforts to jointly develop and build dry grind fuel grade ethanol plants in the United States, in which Fagen, Inc. will design and build the ethanol plants for a fixed fee, which is effective through December 31, 2007. Thereafter, Fagen, Inc. may adjust the fixed fee to Fagen, Inc.’s standard base price less a volume discount. The agreement terminates when US Bio Resource Group, LLC, together with its affiliates, owns or controls less than 15% of the outstanding voting rights of the Company. Under the agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to use the services of Fagen, Inc. as contemplated in the agreement.
In August 2005, the Company entered into two agreements with Fagen, Inc. for the construction of a 100 million gallon ethanol plant in Albert City, Iowa and a 45 million gallon ethanol plant in Lake Odessa, Michigan. Through December 31, 2005, the Company has paid a total of approximately $41,400 to Fagen, Inc. for construction of the ethanol plants. As of December 31, 2005, accounts payable including retainage and total remaining commitment to Fagen, Inc. are approximately $17,000 and $85,000, respectively.
Forward purchase contracts: Unrealized gains and losses on forward contracts are deemed “normal purchases and normal sales” under FASB Statement No. 133, as amended and, therefore, are not recognized in the Company’s financial statements. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had outstanding commitments of approximately 18,297,000 bushels of corn, 1,024,000 tons of distillers grains and 160,751,000 gallons of ethanol under forward contracts, in which the related commodity had not been delivered.
Contingencies: The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations adopted by various governmental authorities in the jurisdiction in which it operates. These laws require the Company to investigate and remediate the effects of the release or disposal of material at its locations. Accordingly, the Company has adopted policies, practices and procedures in the areas of pollution control, occupational health, and the production, handling, storage and use of hazardous materials to prevent environmental or other damage, and to limit the financial liability which could result from such events. Environmental liabilities are recorded when the Company’s liability is probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. No such liabilities were recorded at December 31, 2005.
The Company is involved in various legal and regulatory proceedings. Management believes that an adequate provision for probable losses has been made and, accordingly, believe that the ultimate
 
F-22


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
disposition of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Credit risk: The Company extends credit to customers in the ordinary course of business. A substantial portion of its customers’ ability to honor their contracts is dependent upon the ethanol industry.
The amount at risk related to the reverse repurchase agreement is $33,641 as of December 31, 2005 with Bank of the West, and has a weighted average maturity of 23 days.
NOTE 13.     ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENT ISSUED BUT NOT ADOPTED
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, which requires that the cost resulting from all share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. The standard will require that the Company measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of those instruments, except in certain circumstances. If it is not possible to reasonably estimate the fair value of equity share options and similar instruments because it is not practicable to estimate the expected volatility of the Company’s share price, the Company will then be required to measure its awards of equity share options and similar instruments based on a value calculated using the historical volatility of an appropriate industry sector index instead of the expected volatility of its share price. This statement applies to the Company for its year ending December 31, 2006. The effect of the initial adoption of this Statement is not expected to have a material effect on the financial statements, however, future awards of employee stock-based compensation will be recognized as expense.
NOTE 14.     RETIREMENT PLAN AND EMPLOYEE BONUSES
The Company sponsors a profit sharing plan covering all full-time and part-time employees. Contributions are made at the Company’s discretion. Profit sharing expense was $0 and $48 for the period ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively.
During 2005, the Company accrued discretionary bonuses of approximately $480 to certain key employees of the Company.
NOTE 15.     SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (UNAUDITED)
Other subsequent events: On February 28, 2006, the Company formed US Bio Janesville, LLC (US Bio Janesville), which is a Minnesota limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. US Bio Janesville was formed to finance, own and operate an ethanol plant to be built near Janesville, Minnesota.
On March 31, 2006, USBE sold 44,700,000 shares of its Class A common stock to some of its existing shareholders for a total of $89,400.
In March 2006, the Company sold 50% of its membership interest in its wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Fuels, to CHS, Inc. (CHS), a shareholder of the Company, for $2,400, plus the assignment by CHS of a fuel delivery contract. UBE Services also assigned certain of its fuel delivery contracts to UBE Fuels and agreed to indemnify UBE Fuels for certain claims relating to UBE Fuels’ business prior to CHS becoming a member. The Company refers to this arrangement as a “joint venture” with CHS. The gain on the sale of $1,764 has been deferred until such time as UBE Fuels, LLC generates sufficient cash flows to service its debt and the Company’s obligations related to UBE Fuels, LLC are limited.
 
F-23


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
In connection with the assignment of the Company’s membership interest in UBE Fuels, the Company and CHS adopted an amended and restated operating agreement of UBE Fuels. The amended and restated operating agreement appoints CHS as the manager for UBE Fuels and provides that the business of UBE Fuels will be managed by CHS under a management agreement with UBE Fuels dated March 31, 2006. In exchange for these management services, CHS will be paid a fee established from time to time by UBE Fuels, and approved by both members, based upon a budget prepared by CHS. The management agreement with CHS will terminate upon the earlier of the dissolution of UBE Fuels, upon sixty days written notice by CHS if UBE Fuels files a petition for bankruptcy or breaches the management agreement and such breach remains uncured for a period of thirty days, or upon sixty days written notice by UBE fuels if CHS files a petition for bankruptcy or CHS ceases to be a member of UBE Fuels.
On March 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with UBE Fuels regarding ethanol sales and marketing. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company will sell to UBE Fuels, and it will market on the Company’s behalf, all of the ethanol produced at the Company’s existing and future plants. The ethanol marketing agreement has an initial term through November 30, 2007 and thereafter will automatically renew for one-year additional terms, unless either party provides the other with ninety days written notice of non-renewal.
Beginning on April 1, 2009, either member of UBE Fuels may initiate a buy-sell mechanism. Under this mechanism, after receiving notice of the initiation of the buy-sell mechanism, the non-initiating member must elect to either sell all of its interests in UBE Fuels to the initiating member or purchase all of the initiating member’s interest in UBE Fuels, in each case, at a purchase price not less than a specified multiple of UBE Fuel’s EBITDA.
On April 30, 2006, the Company changed the name and structure for UBE and its subsidiaries (United Bio Energy Grain, LLC, United Bio Energy Management, LLC, and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC) by merging them into UBE to become UBE Services, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company. The interest of the UBE subsidiary, United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC, was assigned to the Company and therefore is now a subsidiary of the Company.
Right to future services: On May 23, 2006, the Company terminated a letter agreement with Capitaline Advisors, LLC (Capitaline) (a related party) pursuant to which Capitaline had the right to provide the Company financial advisory services in connection with any purchase, acquisition, sale or disposition of any properties or assets having an aggregate transaction value in excess of $5,000. Capitaline also had the right to provide financial advisory services in connection with any public securities offering by the Company. The termination agreement requires a one-time fee of $4,800 to Capitaline, which will be expensed in the second quarter of 2006.
Contingency: In March and April 2006, the Company inadvertently failed to make two required notifications as the acquired person under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, as amended. The Company has made the required corrective filings and is currently awaiting a response from the Federal Trade Commission, who may impose penalties, including an aggregate civil penalty for both violations of up to approximately $2,200. The Company has not accrued a liability in connection with these matters.
Subsequent business combinations: On March 31, 2006, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common shares of US Bio Hankinson, LLC (formerly Gold Energy, LLC) (US Bio Hankinson), a development stage company. US Bio Hankinson will finance, own and operate an ethanol plant to be
 
F-24


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
built near Hankinson, North Dakota. This transaction will allow the Company to expedite its expansion into the ethanol market since the plant was already on a construction schedule and land options for site development were already in place.
The aggregate purchase price was $8,106, including $1,050 of cash and USBE’s Class A common stock valued at $7,056. The value of the 3,150,000 common shares issued was determined based on a valuation of USBE’s common stock using a discounted cash flow analysis.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired at the date of acquisition. The goodwill was allocated to the production segment.
           
Cash
  $ 277  
Receivable, related party
    1,050  
Property and equipment
    26  
Goodwill
    6,753  
       
 
Total assets acquired
  $ 8,106  
       
On April 30, 2006, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common shares of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC (Platte Valley) and Val-E Ethanol, LLV (Val-E), entities previously owned and controlled by a shareholder of the Company. The results of operations will be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning on that date. Platte Valley is a 40 mmgy nameplate ethanol plant, expanding to 80 mmgy nameplate capacity, operating near Central City, Nebraska. Val-E is a developmental stage company, formed to finance, own and operate a 45 mmgy nameplate ethanol plant near Ord, Nebraska. These transactions will allow the Company to expedite its expansion into the ethanol market since Platte Valley’s initial plant has been operational since 2004 and its expansion at Platte Valley and the new plant construction at Val-E are in process.
The aggregate purchase price was $154,699, including $40,000 of cash and USBE’s Class A common stock valued at $114,699. The value of the 51,204,981 common shares issued was determined based on a valuation of USBE’s common stock using a discounted cash flow analysis.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. The goodwill was allocated to the production segment. The Company is in the process of identifying and assessing the value of any finite life intangible assets to be classified separately. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price is subject to adjustment.
           
Current assets
  $ 23,908  
Property and equipment
    73,467  
Other assets
    1,802  
Goodwill (including potential finite life intangibles)
    89,875  
       
 
Total assets acquired
    189,052  
       
Current liabilities, excluding current maturities of long-term debt
    7,492  
Long-term debt
    24,412  
Other long-term liabilities
    2,449  
       
 
Total liabilities assumed
    34,353  
       
 
Net assets acquired
  $ 154,699  
       
 
F-25


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Condensed consolidated balance sheets
                       
    December 31, 2005   March 31, 2006
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
        (unaudited)
ASSETS
Currents Assets
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
               
   
Cash
  $ 6,809     $ 65,038  
   
Reverse repurchase agreement
    33,641       30,050  
             
      40,450       95,088  
 
Receivables
    27,298       21,117  
 
Receivables from related party
          3,450  
 
Inventories
    14,671       16,940  
 
Prepaid expenses
    217       164  
 
Note receivable
    148        
 
Deferred income taxes
    51       517  
             
     
Total current assets
    82,835       137,276  
             
Other Assets
               
 
Goodwill
    3,347       10,100  
 
Debt issuance costs, net
    1,179       1,215  
 
Finite life intangible assets, net
    2,167       2,005  
 
Other
    154       279  
             
      6,847       13,599  
             
Property and Equipment, net
    67,140       97,530  
             
    $ 156,822     $ 248,405  
             
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-26


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (continued)
                     
    December 31, 2005   March 31, 2006
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
        (unaudited)
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
               
 
Checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
  $ 6,483     $ 21,354  
 
Notes payable
    315       3,240  
 
Accounts payable
    39,157       7,438  
 
Income taxes payable
    276       141  
 
Accrued expenses
    1,415       4,049  
 
Deferred revenue
    209       441  
             
   
Total current liabilities
    47,855       36,663  
             
Long-term Debt
    6,250       6,250  
             
Deferred Income Taxes
    267       512  
             
Deferred Gain
          1,764  
             
Minority Interest in Subsidiary
          636  
             
Commitments and Contingencies
               
Stockholders’ Equity
               
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 50,000,000 shares, issued none
           
 
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 400,000,000 shares; 123,360,500 and 173,708,750 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006, respectively
    1,234       1,737  
 
Additional paid-in capital
    105,501       206,506  
             
      106,735       208,243  
 
Accumulated deficit
    (4,285 )     (5,663 )
             
      102,450       202,580  
             
   
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 156,822     $ 248,405  
             
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-27


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Condensed consolidated statements of operations
Three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006
                     
    2005   2006
 
    (dollars in thousands,
    except per share data)
    (unaudited)
Revenues:
               
 
Product sales
  $     $ 3,945  
 
Services and commissions
          2,074  
             
   
Total revenues
          6,019  
             
Cost of goods sold:
               
 
Cost of product sales
          3,870  
 
Cost of services and commissions
          1,525  
             
   
Total cost of goods sold
          5,395  
             
   
Gross profit
          624  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    355       2,182  
             
   
Operating loss
    (355 )     (1,558 )
             
Other income (expense):
               
 
Interest expense
          (48 )
 
Interest income
    2       214  
 
Other income
          14  
             
      2       180  
             
   
Loss before income taxes
    (353 )     (1,378 )
Federal and state income taxes
           
             
   
Net loss
  $ (353 )   $ (1,378 )
             
Loss per common share:
               
 
Basic
  $ (0.03 )   $ (0.01 )
 
Diluted
    (0.03 )     (0.01 )
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-28


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
Three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006
                         
    2005   2006
 
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
               
 
Net loss
  $ (353 )   $ (1,378 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation
          170  
   
Amortization
          336  
   
Stock-based compensation
          58  
   
Deferred income taxes
          (221 )
   
Changes in working capital components, net of affects of business acquisitions:
               
     
Receivables
          6,181  
     
Inventories
          (2,269 )
     
Prepaid expenses
    (2 )     53  
     
Note receivable
          148  
     
Accounts payable
    (135 )     (31,719 )
     
Income taxes payable
    1       (135 )
     
Accrued expenses
          2,634  
     
Deferred revenue
          232  
             
       
Net cash used in operating activities
    (489 )     (25,910 )
             
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
               
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (5 )     (30,534 )
 
Acquisition of US Bio Hankinson, LLC, net of cash received
          (773 )
 
Other
          (125 )
             
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (5 )     (31,432 )
             
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
               
 
Increase in checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
          14,871  
 
Debt issuance costs paid
          (210 )
 
Proceeds on notes payable
          2,925  
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
          94,394  
             
       
Net cash provided by financing activities
          111,980  
             
       
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (494 )     54,638  
Cash and Cash Equivalents
               
 
Beginning of period
    758       40,450  
             
 
End of period
  $ 264     $ 95,088  
             
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-29


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 1.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of US BioEnergy Corporation (USBE) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, US Bio Albert City, LLC (US Bio Albert City); US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) (US Bio Woodbury); US Bio Hankinson, LLC (formerly Gold Energy, LLC) (US Bio Hankinson); US Bio Janesville, LLC; and United Bio Energy, LLC (UBE) and UBE’s subsidiaries: United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC (UBE Fuels); United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC, United Bio Energy Grains, LLC; United Bio Energy Management, LLC and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC, all of which are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2005, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and the unaudited March 31, 2005 and 2006 condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
Management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions which affect the amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses the Company has reported, and its disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The results of the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period ended December 31, 2004.
Recently issued accounting standards: In July 2006 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation provides that the financial statement effects of a tax position shall initially be recognized when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. This interpretation also may require additional disclosures related to tax positions taken.
The provisions of FIN 48 are effective as of the beginning of fiscal 2007, with the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN 48 on the Company’s financial statements but does not expect the adoption of this statement to be significant to the financial statements.
NOTE 2.     INVENTORIES
Inventories as of December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006 consist primarily of $13,530 and $16,940 of ethanol finished goods and $1,141 and $0 of distillers grains finished goods, respectively, which are in transit.
 
F-30


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 3.     PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
A summary of property and equipment is as follows:
                 
    December 31,   March 31,
    2005   2006
 
Land and land improvements
  $ 7,202     $ 8,441  
Leasehold improvements
    272       286  
Machinery and equipment
    778       859  
Office furniture and equipment
    422       753  
Construction in progress
    58,787       87,595  
             
      67,461       97,934  
Less accumulated depreciation
    321       404  
             
    $ 67,140     $ 97,530  
             
NOTE 4.     EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic loss per common share (EPS) is computed by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur, using the treasury stock method, if securities or other obligations to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that shared in the Company’s earnings.
A reconciliation of net loss and common stock share amounts used in the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31 follows:
                             
        Weighted    
    Net   average    
    income   shares   Per share
    (loss)   outstanding   amount
 
2005:
                       
 
Basic EPS
  $ (353 )     10,750,000     $ (0.03 )
 
Effects of dilutive securities:
                       
   
Exercise of stock options
                 
                   
 
Diluted EPS
  $ (353 )     10,750,000     $ (0.03 )
                   
2006:
                       
 
Basic EPS
  $ (1,378 )     123,919,925     $ (0.01 )
 
Effects of dilutive securities:
                       
   
Exercise of stock options
                 
                   
 
Diluted EPS
  $ (1,378 )     123,919,925     $ (0.01 )
                   
Options outstanding of 240,000 and 7,815,500 in 2005 and 2006, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect would have been antidilutive.
 
F-31


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 5.     STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND PAYMENTS
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (Statement No. 123R). This statement requires that the costs of all employee share-based payments be measured at fair value on the award’s grant date and be recognized in the financial statements over the requisite service period. Compensation expense for non-employee awards is generally based on the fair value of the awards at the time of vesting. Statement No. 123R supersedes Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related interpretations, and eliminates the alternative use of the intrinsic value method of accounting under APB No. 25, which the Company previously used.
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement No. 123R using the prospective transition method. Under the prospective transition method, the Company will recognize compensation expense for all share-based awards granted subsequent to the adoption of Statement No. 123R and for any awards modified, repurchased or canceled after January 1, 2006. Compensation expense for awards with graded vesting will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award. Also, under Statement No. 123R, the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost will be reported as a financing cash flow.
The adoption of Statement No. 123R did not have a significant effect on reported net income before income taxes, net income, cash flows or basic and diluted earnings per common share compared to what would have been recorded under the previous guidance under Statement No. 123 or APB No. 25 during the quarter ended March 31, 2006.
As the Company used the minimum value method for pro forma disclosure purposes under the original provisions of Statement No. 123R, no pro forma disclosures for awards accounted for under APB No. 25 have been presented.
US BioEnergy Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan: The US BioEnergy Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (Plan) is administered by the Board of Directors or, in its discretion, by a committee consisting of at least three members of the Board of Directors. The Plan permits the grant of awards in the form of options, which may be incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, or deferred stock. The Board of Directors may award unrestricted awards to recipients in its discretion or upon the attainment of specified performance goals.
The maximum number of shares reserved and available under the Plan for awards is 10,000,000 shares of Class A common stock (Award Shares). Awards Shares covered by expired or terminated stock options and forfeited shares of restricted stock or deferred stock may be used for subsequent awards under the Plan. The Company has the ability to settle equity awards by issuing shares held in treasury or through the issuance of authorized but unissued common stock. Shares available for future awards under the plan were 8,684,500 at March 31, 2006.
Stock options: Stock options under the Plan are subject to a vesting period of up to five years from the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The exercise price for non-qualified stock options granted under the Plan may not be less than 50% of the fair market value of the Award Shares on the date of grant. No incentive stock option shall be granted under the Plan more than ten years after the date of adoption of the Plan. The term of an incentive stock option may not exceed ten years (or five years if issued to an optionee who owns or is
 
F-32


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
deemed to own more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of the Company’s stock, a subsidiary, or any affiliate). The exercise price of an incentive stock option may not be less than the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted (or, in the event the optionee owns more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of stock, the option price shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted).
In addition to the options granted under the Plan, the Company has 6,500,000 options outstanding which were granted outside of the Company’s Plan.
Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2006 is as follows:
                                   
        Weighted   Weighted    
        average   average    
    Number of   exercise   remaining   Aggregate
    stock   price per   contractual   intrinsic
    options   share   term (in years)   value
 
Outstanding on December 31, 2005
    7,879,500     $ 1.00                  
 
Granted
    41,000       2.00                  
 
Exercised
                           
 
Canceled
    (105,000 )     1.00                  
                         
Outstanding on March 31, 2006
    7,815,500     $ 1.01       9.4     $ 9,650,220  
                         
Vested or expected to vest at March 31, 2006
    7,792,790     $ 1.01       9.4     $ 9,622,880  
                         
Exercisable at March 31, 2006
    6,680,000     $ 1.00       9.5     $ 8,283,200  
                         
As of March 31, 2006, there was $50 of accumulated compensation expense related to nonvested stock options granted since the adoption of Statement No. 123R that had not yet been recognized. This amount is expected to be recognized as compensation expense over a weighted average period of 4.8 years.
The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the quarter ended March 31, 2006 was $1.27. During the quarter ended March 31, 2006, 80,000 options vested with a total calculated value of $8. No options vested during the quarter ended March 31, 2005. No options were exercised during the quarters ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions:
         
    Three months ended
    March 31, 2006
 
Expected term (in years)
    6.5  
Risk free interest rate
    4.6%  
Expected volatility
    62%  
Expected dividend yield
    0%  
The Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock option awards. The Company applied a forfeiture rate of 2% when calculating the amount of options to vest as of March 31, 2006. This rate was based on comparable information for similar businesses. The
 
F-33


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
expected term assumption used in the option pricing model was based on the “safe harbor” approach under SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, where the “expected term = ((vesting term + original contractual term) / 2).” The expected stock price volatility assumption was based on the average volatilities of similar public companies. The risk free interest rate assumption was based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term. A projected dividend yield of 0% was used in the valuation based on the historical experience of the Company.
Total compensation recognized in the statement of operations for all stock-based compensation arrangements was $58 for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The Company also recognized an income tax benefit of $21 for stock-based compensation during the same period. No stock-based compensation expense or income tax benefit was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2005.
NOTE 6.     BUSINESS COMBINATION
On March 31, 2006, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common shares of US Bio Hankinson, a development stage company. The acquired assets of US Bio Hankinson have been included in the consolidated balance sheet as of that date and operations of US Bio Hankinson will be included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations beginning April 1, 2006. US Bio Hankinson was formed in 2005 and will finance, own and operate an ethanol plant to be built near Hankinson, North Dakota. This transaction will allow the Company to expedite its expansion into the ethanol market since the plant was already on a construction schedule and land options for site development were already in place.
The aggregate purchase price was $8,106, including $1,050 of cash and USBE’s Class A common stock valued at $7,056. The value of the 3,150,000 common shares issued was determined based on a valuation of USBE’s common stock using a discounted cash flow analysis.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired at the date of acquisition. The goodwill was allocated to the production segment.
           
Cash
  $ 277  
Receivable, related party
    1,050  
Property and equipment
    27  
Goodwill
    6,752  
       
 
Total assets acquired
  $ 8,106  
       
Unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006, as though US Bio Hankinson had been acquired as of the beginning of each period, follows:
                 
    2005   2006
 
Revenues
  $     $ 6,019  
Net loss
    (353 )     (1,533 )
Basic loss per common share
    (0.03 )     (0.01 )
 
F-34


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 7.     SALE OF MINORITY INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARY
In March 2006, the Company sold 50% of its membership interest in its wholly-owned subsidiary, UBE Fuels, to CHS, Inc. (CHS), a shareholder of the Company, for $2,400, plus the assignment by CHS of a fuel delivery contract. UBE Services also assigned certain of its fuel delivery contracts to UBE Fuels and agreed to indemnify UBE Fuels for certain claims relating to UBE Fuels’ business prior to CHS becoming a member. The Company refers to this arrangement as a “joint venture” with CHS. The gain on the sale of $1,764 has been deferred until such time as UBE Fuels generates sufficient cash flows to service its debt and the Company’s obligations related to UBE Fuels are limited.
In connection with the assignment of the Company’s membership interest in UBE Fuels, the Company and CHS adopted an amended and restated operating agreement of UBE Fuels. The amended and restated operating agreement appoints CHS as the manager of UBE Fuels and provides that the business of UBE Fuels will be managed by CHS under a management agreement with UBE Fuels dated March 31, 2006. In exchange for these management services, CHS will be paid a fee established from time to time by UBE Fuels, and approved by both members, based upon a budget prepared by CHS. The management agreement with CHS will terminate upon the earlier of the dissolution of UBE Fuels, upon sixty days written notice by CHS if UBE Fuels files a petition for bankruptcy or breaches the management agreement and such breach remains uncured for a period of thirty days, or upon sixty days written notice by UBE fuels if CHS files a petition for bankruptcy or CHS ceases to be a member of UBE Fuels.
On March 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with UBE Fuels regarding ethanol sales and marketing. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company will sell to UBE Fuels, and it will market on the Company’s behalf, all of the ethanol produced at the Company’s existing and future plants. The ethanol marketing agreement has an initial term through November 30, 2007 and thereafter will automatically renew for one-year additional terms, unless either party provides the other with ninety days written notice of non-renewal.
Beginning on April 1, 2009, either member of UBE Fuels may initiate a buy-sell mechanism. Under this mechanism, after receiving notice of the initiation of the buy-sell mechanism, the non-initiating member must elect to either sell all of its interests in UBE Fuels to the initiating member or purchase all of the initiating member’s interest in UBE Fuels, in each case, at a purchase price not less than a specified multiple of UBE Fuel’s EBITDA.
The Company is continuing to consolidate UBE Fuels because it is a variable interest entity and the Company is its primary beneficiary. The assets and liabilities of UBE Fuels continue to be carried at historical cost, with a minority interest in subsidiary recognized on the accompanying balance sheet as of March 31, 2006 for the 50% interest in the subsidiary held by CHS. The carrying amount of UBE Fuels’ assets as of March 31, 2006 was $30,642, consisting of current assets of $29,480 and noncurrent assets of $1,162.
NOTE 8.     CONDENSED SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company’s reportable segments are distinguished by those business units that will manufacture ethanol and business units that provide marketing and management services. The “Production” segment includes the construction activities of US Bio Albert City, US Bio Woodbury and US Bio
 
F-35


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Hankinson. The “Services” segment includes the marketing and management operations of UBE. The “All Other” category in the following tables is primarily cash to be used towards the construction of ethanol plants and intersegment receivables. A summary of segment balance sheet information as of December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006 and segment income statement information for the three months ended March 31 is as follows:
                                 
    2005
     
    Production   Services   All other   Total
 
Revenues from external customers
  $     $     $     $  
Segment pretax loss
                (353 )     (353 )
Segment assets
    74,225       55,495       57,635       187,355  
                                 
    2006
     
    Production   Services   All other   Total
 
Revenues from external customers
  $     $ 6,019     $     $ 6,019  
Segment pretax income (loss)
    (357 )     (986 )     (35 )     (1,378 )
Segment assets
    106,260       45,151       108,025       259,436  
NOTE 9.     SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On April 30, 2006, the Company changed the name and structure for UBE and its subsidiaries (United Bio Energy Grain, LLC, United Bio Energy Management, LLC, and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC) by merging them into UBE to become UBE Services, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company. The interest of the UBE subsidiary, United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC, was assigned to the Company and therefore is now a subsidiary of the Company.
On April 30, 2006, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common shares of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC (Platte Valley) and Val-E Ethanol, LLV (Val-E). The results of operations will be included in the consolidated financial statements beginning on that date. Platte Valley is a 40 mmgy nameplate ethanol plant, expanding to 80 mmgy nameplate capacity, operating near Central City, Nebraska. Val-E is a developmental stage company, formed to finance, own and operate a 45 mmgy nameplate ethanol plant near Ord, Nebraska. These transactions will allow the Company to expedite its expansion into the ethanol market since Platte Valley’s initial plant has been operational since 2004 and its expansion at Platte Valley and the new construction at Val-E are in process.
The aggregate purchase price was $154,699, including $40,000 of cash and USBE’s Class A common stock valued at $114,699. The value of the 51,204,981 common shares issued was determined based on a valuation of USBE’s common stock using a discounted cash flow analysis.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. The goodwill was allocated to the production segment. The Company is in
 
F-36


 

US BioEnergy Corporation
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
the process of identifying and assessing the value of any intangible assets to be classified separately. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price is subject to adjustment.
           
Current assets
  $ 23,908  
Property and equipment
    73,467  
Other assets
    1,802  
Goodwill (including potential finite life intangibles)
    89,875  
       
 
Total assets acquired
    189,052  
       
Current liabilities, excluding current maturities of long-term debt
    7,492  
Long-term debt
    24,412  
Other long-term liabilities
    2,449  
       
 
Total liabilities assumed
    34,353  
       
 
Net assets acquired
  $ 154,699  
       
On May 23, 2006, the Company terminated a letter agreement with Capitaline Advisors, LLC (Capitaline) (a related party) pursuant to which Capitaline had the right to provide the Company financial advisory services in connection with any purchase, acquisition, sale or disposition of any properties or assets having an aggregate transaction value in excess of $5,000. Capitaline also had the right to provide financial advisory services in connection with any public securities offering by the Company. The termination agreement requires a one-time fee of $4,800 to Capitaline, which will be expensed in the second quarter of 2006.
NOTE 10.     CONTINGENCY
In March and April 2006, the Company inadvertently failed to make two required notifications as the acquired person under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, as amended. The Company has made the required corrective filings and is currently awaiting a response from the Federal Trade Commission, who may impose penalties, including an aggregate civil penalty for both violations of up to approximately $2,200. The Company has not accrued a liability in connection with these matters.
 
F-37


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
(MCGLADREY LOGO)
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To the Board of Directors
United Bio Energy, LLC
Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity and cash flows of United Bio Energy, LLC (Company) for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations, changes in members’ equity and cash flows of United Bio Energy, LLC for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
  (McGladrey & Pullen Signature)
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
June 21, 2006
McGladrey & Pullen, LLP is a member firm of RSM International,
an affiliation of separate and independent legal entities.
 
F-38


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Independent auditors’ report
To the Board of Directors
United Bio Energy, LLC
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of United Bio Energy, LLC as of December 31, 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with U.S. generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of United Bio Energy, LLC as of December 31, 2004, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 10 to the financial statements, the 2004 financial statements have been restated to reflect revenue at net amounts (on an as agent basis) instead of gross amounts, to remove certain intangibles recorded upon the initial capitalization of the Company and the subsequent amortization of those intangibles and to reclassify long-term debt to short-term.
  Kennedy Signature
Wichita, Kansas
February 18, 2005 except for Notes 9 and 10,
     as to which the date is July 14, 2006.
 
F-39


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Consolidated balance sheet
December 31, 2004
             
    2004
 
    (dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Current Assets
       
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 412  
 
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $145
    13,118  
 
Related party receivables
    7  
 
Receivables, employees
    18  
 
Inventories
    7,505  
 
Prepaid expenses
    186  
       
   
Total current assets
    21,246  
       
Property and Equipment, at cost
       
 
Buildings and improvements
    263  
 
Computers
    136  
 
Equipment
    112  
 
Furniture and fixtures
    150  
 
Software
    90  
 
Vehicles and trailers
    49  
       
      800  
 
Less accumulated depreciation
    121  
       
   
Total property and equipment
    679  
       
Other Assets
       
 
Investments
    96  
 
Property held for sale
    89  
 
Deposits
    58  
 
Debt issuance costs, less accumulated amortization of $13
    198  
 
Intangibles, less accumulated amortization of $275
    275  
       
   
Total other assets
    716  
       
   
Total
  $ 22,641  
       
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities
       
 
Related party payables
  $ 1,589  
 
Accounts payable
    13,202  
 
Note payable to related party
    315  
 
Note payable to bank
    6,356  
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    476  
       
   
Total current liabilities
    21,938  
       
Commitments and Contingencies
       
Members’ Equity
       
 
Member capital contributions
    1,550  
 
Accumulated deficit
    (847 )
       
      703  
       
   
Total
  $ 22,641  
       
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-40


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of operations
Year ended December 31, 2004 and period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005
                     
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
               
 
Product sales
  $ 30,777     $ 3,592  
 
Services and commissions
    4,876       2,849  
             
   
Total revenues
    35,653       6,441  
             
Cost of goods sold:
               
 
Cost of product sales
    30,412       3,489  
 
Cost of services and commissions
    3,209       2,926  
             
   
Total cost of goods sold
    33,621       6,415  
             
   
Gross profit
    2,032       26  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    2,714       1,043  
             
   
Operating loss
    (682 )     (1,017 )
             
Other income (expense):
               
 
Interest expense
    (219 )     (119 )
 
Loss on investments
    (4 )      
 
Other income
    58        
             
      (165 )     (119 )
             
   
Net loss
  $ (847 )   $ (1,136 )
             
Pro forma amounts as if the Company were a taxable entity (unaudited):
               
 
Pro forma income tax benefit
  $     $  
 
Pro forma net loss
    (847 )     (1,136 )
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-41


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of members’ equity (deficit)
Year ended December 31, 2004 and period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005
                                                     
    Class A   Class B        
            Accumulated    
    Units   Amount   Units   Amount   deficit   Total
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2003
        $           $     $     $  
 
Capital contributions:
                                               
   
ICM Marketing, Inc. 
    2,325,000                                
   
Fagen Management, LLC
                1,550,000       1,550             1,550  
 
Net loss
                            (847 )     (847 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2004
    2,325,000             1,550,000       1,550       (847 )     703  
 
Net loss
                            (1,136 )     (1,136 )
                                     
Balance, April 30, 2005
    2,325,000     $       1,550,000     $ 1,550     $ (1,983 )   $ (433 )
                                     
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-42


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Year ended December 31, 2004 and period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005
                         
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
               
 
Net loss
  $ (847 )   $ (1,136 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation
    139       66  
   
Amortization
    288       116  
   
Loss on disposal of assets
    3        
   
Loss on investments
    4        
   
Changes in working capital components, net of assets contributed and liabilities assumed at inception:
               
     
Accounts receivable
    (6,808 )     688  
     
Related party and employee receivables
    149        
     
Inventories
    (5,392 )     43  
     
Prepaid expenses
    (185 )     60  
     
Deposits
    (58 )     (46 )
     
Accounts payable
    6,879       665  
     
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    98       153  
             
       
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (5,730 )     609  
             
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
               
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (682 )     (396 )
 
Proceeds from sale of equipment
    74        
 
Disbursements resulting in notes receivable
          (235 )
 
Purchases of certificates of deposit
          (100 )
 
Purchase of investment
    (100 )      
             
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (708 )     (731 )
             
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
               
 
Increase in checks written on controlled disbursement accounts
          154  
 
Debt issuance costs paid
    (211 )     (28 )
 
Payments on notes payable
    (1,369 )     (313 )
 
Increase in note payable to related party
    315        
 
Advances under notes payable
    6,356          
 
Cash portion of capital contributions:
               
   
ICM Marketing, Inc. 
    759        
   
Fagen Management, LLC
    1,000        
             
       
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    6,850       (187 )
             
       
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    412       (309 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents
               
 
Beginning
          412  
             
 
Ending
  $ 412     $ 103  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-43


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows (continued)
Year ended December 31, 2004 and period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005
                         
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
               
 
Cash paid for interest
  $ 182     $ 118  
             
Supplemental Disclosures of Noncash Investing and Financial Activities ICM Marketing, Inc.:
               
   
Assets contributed and liabilities assumed, recorded at historical cost:
               
     
Cash
  $ 759     $  
     
Accounts receivable
    6,309        
     
Due from related parties
    175        
     
Inventory
    2,113        
     
Prepaid expenses
    1        
     
Property and equipment, including property held for sale
    302        
     
Accounts payable
    (7,912 )      
     
Accrued expenses
    (378 )      
     
Short-term note payable
    (1,369 )      
             
       
Net assets contributed for member units issued
  $     $  
             
 
Fagen Management, LLC:
               
   
Assets contributed, recorded at fair value:
               
     
Cash
  $ 1,000     $  
     
Intangible assets
    550        
             
       
Assets contributed for member units issued
  $ 1,550     $  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-44


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of business: United Bio Energy, LLC and subsidiaries (together referred to herein as the Company) provides general and plant management, grain origination, ethanol and ethanol co-product marketing and risk management services to ethanol plants. The Company enters into agreements with plants to sell grain in amounts necessary for the plant’s production needs and to purchase ethanol and ethanol co-products in amounts equal to the plant’s production. To fulfill these obligations, the Company enters into contracts with grain producers and oil companies for the purchase of grain and sale of ethanol, respectively.
United Bio Energy, LLC (UBE) was formed in November 2003 by ICM Marketing, Inc. (60% ownership) and Fagen Management, LLC (40% ownership). On January 1, 2004, United Bio Energy, LLC assumed all assets and liabilities of ICM Marketing, Inc., which were recorded at the carrying value to ICM Marketing, Inc. since ICM Marketing, Inc. and UBE were under common control. Certain other assets (cash and intangibles) were contributed by Fagen Management, LLC and accounted for at fair value under the purchase method of accounting.
A summary of significant accounting policies follows:
Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include UBE and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC, United Bio Energy Grain, LLC, United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC, United Bio Energy Management, LLC and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.
Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates significant to the financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Revenue recognition: Revenues from the sale of grain, ethanol and related products are recorded when title of the products transfer to the end user. In accordance with the Company’s agreements for the procurement of grain and marketing of ethanol and related products for its customers, the Company pays for the products and shipping costs, and bills the end user for the products delivered. The Company recognizes revenues on these transactions on a net basis as commissions which represent the fixed margin between the amounts billed and amounts paid.
Revenue from management, trading and group buying services provided to customers is recognized on a monthly basis as earned. Amounts billed or received prior to being earned are recorded as deferred revenue.
The Company also engages in commodity buying and selling under contracts that do not earn a fixed margin. The Company recognized revenues and costs on these transactions on a gross basis when title of the products transfer to the end user.
The Company receives quarterly incentive payments in connection with its plant management agreements. Incentive payments are recognized quarterly as income due to termination provisions in the agreements and adjusted at the end of the plant’s fiscal year for the actual results of operations for the full fiscal year.
 
F-45


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents: For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts receivable and bad debts: Accounts receivable are presented at face value, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is established through provisions charged against income and is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb estimated bad debts based on historical experience and current economic conditions.
The Company’s policy is to charge interest on trade receivables outstanding over 30 days; accrual of interest is discontinued when management believes collection is doubtful. Receivables are considered past due based upon payment terms set forth at the date of the related sale. The Company had trade receivables of $166 as of December 31, 2004, which were 60 days or more past due and still accruing interest. The Company had no past due trade receivables as of December 31, 2004, for which the accrual of interest had been discontinued.
Inventories: Inventories are stated at lower of cost, using the first-in and first-out (FIFO) method, or market. Inventories as of December 31, 2004 consist primarily of $6,445 of ethanol finished goods and $1,060 of distillers grains finished goods, which are in transit.
Depreciation: Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives generally used in computing depreciation are:
         
    Years
 
Buildings and improvements
    10 - 39  
Equipment
    5 - 7  
Furniture and fixtures
    5 - 7  
Computers and software
    3 - 5  
Vehicles
    5  
Income taxes: The Company operates as a limited liability company that is taxed as a partnership; therefore, the results of operations are included on the income tax returns of each individual member.
Advertising: The Company’s policy is to expense advertising costs as the costs are incurred. Advertising costs for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 were $58 and $4, respectively.
Segment reporting: The Company is managed as a single reportable segment.
Fair value of financial instruments: The carrying amounts reported on the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, receivables, investments, accounts and note payable and accrued interest approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of the instruments.
Debt issuance costs: Debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the related debt instrument by a method that approximates the interest method. Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 was $13 and $25, respectively. Estimated amortization expense is expected to be as follows: for the period from May 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005 $54; for the year ended 2006 $80; and for the year ended 2007 $67.
Finite life intangible assets: Finite life intangibles at December 31, 2004 consist of customer contracts and lists of $550, recognized at estimated fair value at the date contributed by Fagen Management,
 
F-46


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
LLC, net of accumulated amortization of $275. Finite life intangible assets are reviewed for impairment if certain impairment conditions arise. Finite life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 2 years. Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 was $275 and $91, respectively. Estimated amortization expense is expected to be $184 for the period from May 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005.
NOTE 2.     MEMBER UNITS
At December 31, 2004, there were 2,325,000 Class A member units and 1,550,000 Class B member units outstanding. Each Class A and B unit are entitled to one vote each. Under the Company’s operating agreement, the Company has five managers, of which three are appointed by Class A unit holders and two by Class B unit holders. Profits and losses are allocated to members in proportion to the number of units held by each member.
NOTE 3.     COMMODITY FUTURES CONTRACTS
During 2004, the Company engaged in grain derivative (futures contracts) trading activity intended to take advantage of grain pricing opportunities from, and minimize the risk of, trading in the market. The derivatives are marked to market, resulting in immediate recognition of the resulting gain or loss. The value of open contracts are included in inventories. During the year ended December 31, 2004, these activities resulted in net gains of $86. The gains are reported in cost of product sales. The Company has categorized cash flows related to hedging activities in the same category as the item being hedged. There was no futures contract trading activity during the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005.
NOTE 4.     NOTES PAYABLE
The note payable to related party at December 31, 2004 consisted of a loan from ICM, Inc. for funds advanced for operating expenses. The note has a variable interest rate (5.00% at December 31, 2004), is payable on demand and is unsecured.
The note payable to bank consists of an asset-based lending agreement with LaSalle Business Credit, LLC (LaSalle) with maximum borrowings allowed of $20,000, limited to a percentage of accounts receivable, at a variable interest rate (6.25% at December 31, 2004). The agreement matures on November 4, 2007, however, LaSalle may reduce the maximum line of credit or make demand for repayment prior to maturity. The line of credit is collateralized by substantially all assets of the Company. The agreement requires that the Company maintain certain levels of tangible net worth and earnings. The agreement provides for up to $2,000 of letters of credit. At December 31, 2004, the Company had no letters of credit. Under the terms of the agreement, checks presented for payment against the specified controlled disbursement accounts are treated as requests for advances against the agreement. Amounts on deposit in specified lockbox accounts are recognized as reductions in the outstanding note balances. ICM, Inc. and Fagen, Inc. (related parties) have guaranteed up to $4,000 of debt under the agreement.
NOTE 5.     LEASES
The Company leases rail cars and office space under operating leases. The Company then rents most of the rail cars to customers as provided for under its services agreements with ethanol plants. Rent
 
F-47


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
expensed and collected during the year ended December 31, 2004 was $2,596 and $2,261, respectively, for a net rent expense of $335. Net rent expense for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 was $192. The Company is responsible for repairs and maintenance on the rail cars, as well as damages that are assessed at the end of the lease term.
Future minimum lease payments as of April 30, 2005 are due as follows:
         
May 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005
  $ 1,830  
2006
    2,467  
2007
    1,031  
2008
    295  
2009
    267  
Thereafter
    927  
       
    $ 6,817  
       
NOTE 6.     COMMITMENTS AND CREDIT RISK
Forward purchase contracts: Unrealized gains and losses on forward contracts are deemed “normal purchases and normal sales” under Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 133, as amended and, therefore, are not recognized in the Company’s financial statements.
Credit risk: The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade account receivables. The Company maintains cash balances at four financial institutions. Accounts at these institutions are secured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $100. At times, the Company’s bank balances may exceed $100.
The Company extends credit to customers. A substantial portion of its customers’ ability to honor its contracts is dependent upon the ethanol industry.
Sales by product and service for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 were as follows:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Ethanol
  $ 15,692     $ 348  
Distillers grains
    1,940       576  
Corn
    6,963       1,688  
Other commodities
    6,182       980  
Services
    1,426       1,354  
Commissions
    3,450       1,495  
             
    $ 35,653     $ 6,441  
             
Activity from one customer represented $5,144 of revenues (14% of revenues) for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Settlement: The Company negotiated a $1,090 settlement for a claim from a customer related to ethanol purchases. The expense for this claim was recognized as of March 31, 2005 and is included in cost of services and commissions.
 
F-48


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 7.     RELATED PARTY BALANCES
At December 31, 2004, the Company had receivables from companies with common ownership of $934, accounts payable to a company with common ownership of $1,589, and a note payable to a company with common ownership of $315.
Interest expense of $16 and $5 was incurred to a related party on funds advanced for operating expenses under a promissory note at a variable interest rate (4.75% at April 30, 2005) for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005, respectively.
The Company earned commissions from related parties of $1,956 and $838, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005.
NOTE 8.     RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company sponsors a profit sharing plan covering full-time and part-time employees. Contributions are made at the Company’s discretion. Profit sharing expense was $39 and $68 for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005, respectively.
NOTE 9.     SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Effective May 1, 2005, US BioEnergy Corporation acquired all of the outstanding member interests of the Company by issuing 5,000,000 shares of its Class A common stock.
NOTE 10.     RESTATEMENT
The Company sells grain, ethanol and related products to its customers. The Company previously reported such sales and related cost of sales on a gross basis. However, the Company never takes delivery of these products, the amount the Company earns on these transactions is fixed, and the Company has minimal credit risk in these transactions. Accordingly, the Company has restated its 2004 financial statements to report these transactions on a net basis (as an agent), which revenues represent the net margin on the transactions. Gross billings previously reported for these transactions were $337,041 for the year 2004, which resulted in services and commissions revenues of $4,876, after restatement.
The 2004 financial statements have been restated to reflect cost of services and commissions separate from selling, general and administrative expenses.
The Company restated its 2004 financial statements to reflect products in transit as inventory rather than a completed sale. The effect of the restatement is to reduce accounts receivable by $6,905 and increase inventory by $6,851. The net effect of this change is a reduction of equity of $54 as of December 31, 2004, and a decrease in net income of $54 for the year 2004.
The assets contributed by ICM Marketing, Inc. were adjusted to reflect consistent treatment of inventory in transit resulting in the following adjustment: reduction of accounts receivable by $1,509; increase in inventory by $1,456; increase in goodwill of $54. The goodwill was not recorded on the books of the Company. The net effect of this change is an increase in net income of $54 for the year 2004.
The Company restated its 2004 financial statements to reflect the controlling ownership of the Company by ICM Marketing, Inc. upon formation. Management had previously considered the formation and contribution of assets and liabilities by ICM Marketing, Inc. and Fagen Management, LLC as a simultaneous transaction, and recorded the intangible assets contributed by both members to
 
F-49


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
reflect their proportionate ownership. However, since the transfer between ICM Marketing, Inc. and the Company involves entities under common control, the assets and liabilities contributed by ICM Marketing, Inc. were recorded by the Company at ICM Marketing, Inc.’s historical cost at the date of the transfer. The effect of the restatement was to eliminate all goodwill and intangible assets contributed by ICM Marketing, Inc. upon the initial capitalization of the Company. Accordingly, intangible assets were reduced by $750 and goodwill was reduced by $1,273 as of January 1, 2004. Amortization of intangible assets for the year 2004 was reduced by $491. The net effect of these changes was a reduction in equity of $1,531 as of December 31, 2004, and an increase in net income of $491 for the year 2004.
The December 31, 2004 balance sheet has also been restated to properly reflect the classification of short-term debt. The note payable to bank was previously classified as long-term.
 
F-50


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Condensed consolidated statement of operations
Three months ended March 31, 2005
             
    2005
 
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
Revenues:
       
 
Product sales
  $ 2,637  
 
Services and commissions
    1,858  
       
   
Total revenues
    4,495  
       
Cost of goods sold:
       
 
Cost of product sales
    2,566  
 
Cost of services and commissions
    2,353  
       
   
Total cost of goods sold
    4,919  
       
   
Gross profit
    (424 )
Selling, general and administrative expenses (Note 2)
    682  
       
   
Operating loss
    (1,106 )
Other expenses:
       
 
Interest expense
    91  
       
   
Net loss
  $ (1,197 )
       
Pro forma amounts as if the Company were a taxable entity:
       
 
Pro forma income tax benefit
  $  
 
Pro forma net loss
    (1,197 )
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-51


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Condensed consolidated statement of cash flows
Three months ended March 31, 2005
                 
    2005
 
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
       
 
Net loss
  $ (1,197 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
       
   
Depreciation
    50  
   
Amortization
    87  
   
Changes in working capital components:
       
     
Accounts receivable
    4,312  
     
Inventories
    438  
     
Prepaid expenses
    45  
     
Deposits
    1  
     
Accounts payable
    (2,248 )
     
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    135  
       
       
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,623  
       
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
       
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (395 )
 
Purchases of certificates of deposit
    (100 )
       
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (495 )
       
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
       
 
Debt issuance costs paid
    (22 )
 
Payments on notes payable
    (1,364 )
       
       
Net cash used in financing activities
    (1,386 )
       
       
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (258 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents
       
 
Beginning of period
    412  
       
 
End of period
  $ 154  
       
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-52


 

United Bio Energy, LLC
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 1.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of United Bio Energy, LLC; United Bio Energy Fuels, LLC; United Bio Energy Grains, LLC; United Bio Energy Ingredients, LLC; United Bio Energy Management, LLC and United Bio Energy Trading, LLC, all of which are collectively referred to as the “Company”. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the period presented.
Management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions which affect the amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses the Company has reported, and its disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The results of the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005.
NOTE 2.     SETTLEMENT
The Company negotiated a $1,090 settlement for a claim from a customer related to ethanol purchases. The expense for this claim was recognized as of March 31, 2005 and is included in cost of services and commissions.
NOTE 3.     RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Interest expense of $4 was paid to a related party on funds advanced for operating expenses under a promissory note at a variable interest rate (4.75% at March 31, 2005).
The Company earned commissions from related parties of $664 during the three months ended March 31, 2005.
NOTE 4.     SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Effective May 1, 2005, US BioEnergy Corporation acquired all of the outstanding member interests of the Company by issuing 5,000,000 shares of its Class A common stock.
 
F-53


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Independent auditors’ report
To the Board of Directors
ICM Marketing, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows of ICM Marketing, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2003. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with U.S. generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of ICM Marketing, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2003 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
  Kennedy Signature
Wichita, Kansas
July 14, 2006
 
F-54


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Consolidated statement of operations
Year ended December 31, 2003
               
    2003
 
(dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
       
 
Product sales
  $ 34,107  
 
Services and commissions
    1,057  
       
     
Total revenues
    35,164  
       
Cost of goods sold:
       
   
Cost of product sales
    33,747  
   
Cost of services and commissions
    968  
       
     
Total cost of goods sold
    34,715  
       
     
Gross profit
    449  
Operating expenses
    682  
       
     
Operating loss
    (233 )
Other expenses:
       
   
Interest expense
    (74 )
       
     
Net loss
  $ (307 )
       
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-55


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity
Year ended December 31, 2003
                           
        Additional    
    Common   paid-in   Retained
    stock   capital   earnings
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2002
  $ 800     $ 204     $ (204 )
 
Capital contributions
          225        
 
Net loss
                (307 )
                   
Balance, December 31, 2003
  $ 800     $ 429     $ (511 )
                   
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-56


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows
Year ended December 31, 2003
                 
    2003
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
       
 
Net loss
  $ (307 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
       
   
Depreciation and amortization
    79  
   
Loss on disposal of assets
    2  
   
Unrealized loss on cash contracts
    71  
   
(Increase) decrease in:
       
     
Accounts receivable
    146  
     
Prepaid expenses
    375  
     
Inventories
    (1,896 )
     
Commodity brokerage account
    (15 )
     
Due from related parties
    (143 )
   
Increase (decrease) in:
       
     
Accounts payable
    938  
     
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    141  
       
       
Net cash used in operating activities
    (609 )
       
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
       
 
Purchases of equipment
    (188 )
 
Increase in employee loans
    (1 )
       
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (189 )
       
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
       
 
Net advances on line of credit
    911  
 
(Decrease) in note payable to related party
    (500 )
 
Capital contribution
    225  
       
       
Net cash provided by financing activities
    636  
       
       
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (162 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents
       
 
Beginning of year
    878  
       
 
End of year
  $ 716  
       
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
       
 
Cash paid for interest
  $ 72  
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-57


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of business: ICM Marketing, Inc. (the “Company”), located in Colwich, Kansas, provides grain marketing services primarily to ethanol plants throughout the country.
A summary of significant accounting policies follows:
Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the Company and its majority owned subsidiary, United Bio Energy, LLC. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.
Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents: For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts receivable: The allowance for doubtful accounts is established through provisions charged against income and is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb estimated bad debts based on historical experience and current economic conditions.
The Company’s policy is to charge simple interest on trade receivables outstanding over 30 days; accrual of interest is discontinued when management believes collection is doubtful. Receivables are considered past due based upon payment terms set forth at the date of the related sale.
Inventories: Inventories at December 31, 2003 include products in transit which the Company has taken title. Inventories are stated at lower of cost, using the first-in and first-out (FIFO) method, or market.
Depreciation: Property, plant and equipment are depreciated using declining balance methods over the estimated useful life of each asset. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income for the period. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred and major replacements or betterments are capitalized.
Income taxes: The Company has elected S corporation status. Earnings, losses and tax credits are included in the income tax returns of the shareholders and taxed depending on their tax strategies. Therefore, no provision or liability for federal income taxes has been included in these financial statements.
Revenue recognition: Revenues from the sale of grain, ethanol and related products are recorded when title of the products transfer to the end user. In accordance with the Company’s agreements for the procurement of grain and marketing of ethanol and related products for its customers, the Company pays for the products and shipping costs, and bills the end user for the products delivered. The Company recognizes revenues on these transactions on a net basis as commissions when the amount earned is a fixed margin between the amounts billed and amounts paid. Revenue from management, trading and group buying services provided to customers is recognized on a monthly basis as earned.
 
F-58


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
The Company also engages in commodity buying and selling under contracts that do not earn a fixed margin. The Company recognized revenues and costs on these transactions on a gross basis when title of the products transfer to the end user.
Advertising: The Company’s policy is to expense advertising costs as the costs are incurred. Advertising costs for the year ended December 31, 2003 were $2.
Segment reporting: The Company is managed as a single reportable segment.
NOTE 2. COMMODITY FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Company engages in grain derivative (futures contracts) trading activity intended to take advantage of grain pricing opportunities from, and minimize the risk of, trading in the market. The derivatives that are designated as trading account activity are marked to market, resulting in immediate recognition of the resulting gain or loss. During the year ended December 31, 2003, these activities resulted in net gains of $88. The gains are reported in cost of product sales.
NOTE 3. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company leases its facilities from the major shareholder under a month-to-month lease. During the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company paid rent of $60 to the shareholder.
On January 1, 2003, the Company entered into an employee lease agreement and management agreement with ICM Ventures, Inc. ICM Ventures, Inc. handles all employment related activities and leases employees to the Company, as well as provides management services to the Company. As part of the agreements, in exchange for management fees paid by the Company, ICM Ventures, Inc. is responsible for all employee and payroll related expenses. The total amount incurred under the agreements during the year ended December 31, 2003 was $876.
Related party balances consist of the following as of December 31, 2003:
         
Receivables from companies with common ownership
  $ 145  
Receivables from companies with common management
    1,070  
Accounts payable to a company with common ownership
    365  
Services and commissions from companies with common ownership
    631  
NOTE 4. LEASES
The Company leases equipment and buildings under month-to-month operating leases. Total rent expense during the year ended December 31, 2003 was $143.
Future minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2003: 2004 $72.
NOTE 5. RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company sponsors a profit sharing plan covering full-time and part-time employees. Contributions are made at the Company’s discretion. Sponsorship of the plan terminated December 31, 2002 and the successor sponsor was ICM Ventures, Inc.
 
F-59


 

ICM Marketing, Inc.
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 6. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade account receivables. The Company maintains cash balances at two financial institutions. Accounts at these institutions are secured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $100. At times, the Company’s bank balance may exceed $100.
Product sales for the year ended December 31, 2003 consisted of the following products:
                 
        Percentage
Product   Amount   of revenue
 
Ethanol
  $ 16,325       46%  
Corn
    6,100       17  
Other commodities
    11,682       33  
The Company extends credit to customers in the normal course of business. A substantial portion of its customers’ ability to honor their contracts is dependent upon the ethanol industry.
NOTE 7. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The employee lease and management agreements with ICM Ventures, Inc. were terminated effective January 1, 2004.
On January 1, 2004, the Company assumed the assets and liabilities of ICM Risk Management, Inc. which was owned by the Company’s majority stockholder. Immediately thereafter, United Bio Energy, LLC assumed all assets and liabilities of ICM Marketing, Inc. On May 1, 2005, the outstanding shares of United Bio Energy, LLC were acquired by US BioEnergy Corporation which issued 5,000,000 shares of its Class A common stock valued at $4,170 to the former owners of United Bio Energy, LLC.
 
F-60


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
(MCGLADREY LOGO)
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To the Board of Directors
US BioEnergy Corporation
Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and the related consolidated statements of operations, members’ equity and cash flows for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
  (McGladrey & Pullen Signature)
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
June 9, 2006
McGladrey & Pullen, LLP is a member firm of RSM International,
an affiliation of separate and independent legal entities.
 
F-61


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Consolidated balance sheets
December 31, 2004 and 2005
                     
    2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Current Assets
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 3,738     $ 20,552  
 
Receivables
    3,338       1,418  
 
Inventories
    1,522       2,237  
 
Prepaid expenses
    526       560  
 
Derivative financial instruments
    41        
             
   
Total current assets
    9,165       24,767  
             
Other Assets
               
 
Restricted cash held in escrow
    1,004        
 
Interest rate swap
          238  
 
Debt issuance costs, net of amortization of $29 in 2004 and $126 in 2005
    507       410  
             
      1,511       648  
             
Property and Equipment, net
    56,255       55,682  
             
    $ 66,931     $ 81,097  
             
 
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities
               
 
Current maturities of long-term debt
  $ 5,720     $ 3,388  
 
Accounts payable
    1,772       1,624  
 
Accrued property taxes
    322       835  
 
Other accrued expenses
    439       461  
 
Derivative financial instruments
          8  
             
   
Total current liabilities
    8,253       6,316  
             
Long-term Liabilities
               
 
Long-term debt, less current maturities
    26,976       21,800  
 
Interest rate swap
    223        
             
      27,199       21,800  
             
Minority Interest in Subsidiary
          2,624  
             
Commitments and Contingencies
               
Members’ Equity
               
 
Member capital contributions
    25,499       25,499  
 
Retained earnings
    5,980       24,858  
             
      31,479       50,357  
             
   
Total liabilities and members’ equity
  $ 66,931     $ 81,097  
             
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-62


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of operations
Years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005
                               
    2003   2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
                       
 
Product sales
  $     $ 47,718     $ 84,581  
 
Other revenues, incentive income
          8,188       5,109  
                   
     
Total revenues
          55,906       89,690  
Cost of goods sold, product sales
          46,917       66,347  
                   
     
Gross profit
          8,989       23,343  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    43       1,320       1,776  
                   
     
Operating income (loss)
    (43 )     7,669       21,567  
                   
Other income (expense):
                       
 
Interest expense
          (1,681 )     (1,559 )
 
Interest income
    21       2       301  
 
Other income
          12       31  
                   
      21       (1,667 )     (1,227 )
                   
     
Income (loss) before minority interest
    (22 )     6,002       20,340  
Minority interest in net loss of subsidiary
                38  
                   
     
Net income (loss)
  $ (22 )   $ 6,002     $ 20,378  
                   
Pro forma amounts as if the Company were a taxable entity (unaudited):
                       
   
Pro forma income tax expense
  $     $ 2,200     $ 7,700  
   
Pro forma net income (loss)
    (22 )     3,802       12,678  
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-63


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of members’ equity
Years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005
           
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Members’ equity, December 31, 2002
  $  
 
Issuance of members’ units for cash and subscriptions receivable
    25,499  
 
Subscriptions receivable
    (6,309 )
 
Net loss
    (22 )
       
Members’ equity, December 31, 2003
    19,168  
 
Collection of subscriptions receivable
    6,309  
 
Net income
    6,002  
       
Members’ equity, December 31, 2004
    31,479  
 
Net income
    20,378  
 
Member distributions
    (1,500 )
       
Members’ equity, December 31, 2005
  $ 50,357  
       
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-64


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005
                                 
    2003   2004   2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
                       
 
Net income (loss)
  $ (22 )   $ 6,002     $ 20,378  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
                       
   
Depreciation
          2,791       4,335  
   
Amortization
            29       97  
   
Minority interest in net loss of subsidiary
                (38 )
   
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
                       
     
Receivables
          (3,338 )     1,920  
     
Inventories
          (1,522 )     (715 )
     
Prepaid expenses
          (526 )     (34 )
     
Derivative financial instruments
          182       (412 )
     
Accounts payable
          1,575       (90 )
     
Accrued expenses
          606       535  
                   
       
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (22 )     5,799       25,976  
                   
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
                       
 
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash held in escrow
    (362 )     (281 )     1,004  
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (21,306 )     (35,553 )     (3,820 )
                   
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (21,668 )     (35,834 )     (2,816 )
                   
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
                       
 
Proceeds from long-term debt
    2,500       33        
 
Principal payments on long-term debt
          (661 )     (7,508 )
 
Proceeds from short-term debt
          33,628       3,744  
 
Principal payments on short-term debt
          (5,000 )     (3,744 )
 
Debt issuance cost paid
          (536 )      
 
Capital contributed
    19,190       6,309        
 
Member distributions
                (1,500 )
 
Proceeds from minority interest in subsidiary
                2,662  
                   
       
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    21,690       33,773       (6,346 )
                   
       
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
          3,738       16,814  
Cash and Cash Equivalents
                       
 
Beginning of year
                3,738  
                   
 
End of year
  $     $ 3,738     $ 20,552  
                   
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
                       
 
Cash payments for interest, of which $210 was capitalized in 2004
  $     $ 1,568     $ 2,046  
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
                       
 
Conversion of short-term debt to long-term debt
  $     $ 27,900     $  
 
Property and equipment acquired through accounts payable
    10,133       197       139  
 
Property and equipment acquired through subordinated note payable to a member
          1,835        
 
Property and equipment acquired through accrued expenses
    155              
 
Restricted cash held in escrow resulting from long-term debt
    361              
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-65


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of business: Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC, a Nebraska limited liability company, owns and operates a 40 million gallon nameplate annual production ethanol plant located in Central City, Nebraska.
A summary of significant accounting policies follows:
Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and its 50.2% owned subsidiary, Val-E Ethanol, LLC, which was formed on May 2, 2005 to develop and operate a 45 million gallon nameplate annual production ethanol plant near Ord, Nebraska. Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and Val-E Ethanol, LLC are collectively referred to as the “Company”. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue recognition: Revenue from the production of ethanol and related products is recorded when title transfers to customers. Ethanol and related products are generally shipped FOB shipping point.
The Company receives incentives to produce ethanol from the State of Nebraska and from the United States Department of Agriculture. In accordance with the terms of these arrangements, incentive income is recorded based on the increase in the production level of ethanol.
Expense classification: Cost of goods sold primarily includes costs for raw material, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving costs, inspection costs, shipping costs, other distribution expenses, warehousing costs, plant management and hourly compensation costs, general facility overhead charges, and commissions paid to marketers.
Selling, general and administrative expenses consists primarily of salaries and expenses for management and accounting employees as well as fees paid to outside service providers such as legal, audit and consulting firms.
Cash and cash equivalents: For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all cash and money market accounts to be cash equivalents, except for restricted cash held in escrow.
Receivables: Receivables are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables based on a review of outstanding amounts on a monthly basis. When deemed necessary, management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by identifying troubled accounts and by using historical experience applied to an aging of accounts along with a general reserve. Receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received. As of December 31, 2004 and 2005, there was no allowance for uncollectible amounts.
Inventories: Corn, chemicals, supplies and work in process inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market on the first-in first-out method. Ethanol and distillers grains are stated at the lower of average cost or market.
 
F-66


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
Derivative financial instruments: The Company hedges a portion of its future corn, natural gas and denaturant purchases to the extent considered necessary for minimizing risk from market price fluctuations. Exchange-traded futures contracts and forward contracts in which delivery of the related commodity has occurred, are valued at fair market value. The Company is hedging its exposure with forward and futures contracts through 2006. Unrealized gains and losses on forward contracts, in which delivery has not occurred, are deemed “normal purchases and normal sales” under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 133, as amended, and therefore, are not marked to market in the Company’s financial statements. Market value adjustments are recorded directly to current earnings through cost of goods sold. For the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company recorded an expense of $0, $3,655 and $808, respectively, in connection with its hedging activities.
The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap agreement is recognized as either an asset or liability in the consolidated balance sheets, with changes in fair value reported in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company has categorized cash flows related to hedging activities in the same category as the item being hedged.
Restricted cash held in escrow: Restricted cash held in escrow consists of cash balances restricted by debt agreements for property and equipment purchases and long-term debt payments.
Debt issuance costs: Debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the related debt instrument by a method which approximates the interest method. Amortization of debt issuance costs was $0, $29 and $97 during 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. Future amortization of debt issuance costs, based on debt outstanding as of December 31, 2005, is expected to be as follows: 2006 $97; 2007 $97; 2008 $97; 2009 $71; 2010 $5; and thereafter $43.
Property and equipment: Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:
         
    Years
 
Land improvements
    20  
Buildings
    20  
Machinery and equipment
    5-20  
Office furniture and equipment
    5-10  
Construction in progress will be depreciated once construction is completed and the assets are placed into service, which is expected to occur in 2006.
Income taxes: The Company is taxed under sections of federal and state income tax laws which provide that, in lieu of corporation income taxes, the members account for their prorata shares of the Company’s items of income, deductions, losses and credits. Therefore, the accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any provision for federal or state income taxes.
Advertising costs: Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and totaled $0, $11 and $12 for 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
Fair value of financial instruments: The carrying amounts reported on the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, receivables, restricted cash held in escrow, accounts payable and accrued interest approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of the instruments. Fair values for
 
F-67


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
long-term debt are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered for debt with similar terms and underlying collateral. The total carrying value of long-term debt reported on the balance sheet approximates its fair value. Fair values for derivative financial instruments and the interest rate swap are determined based on quoted market prices and such instruments are recorded at fair value on the accompanying balance sheets.
Segment reporting: The Company is managed as a single reportable segment.
Recent accounting pronouncement: In November 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 151, Inventory Costs. FASB Statement No. 151 amends the guidance in Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4, Inventory Pricing, to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material. FASB Statement No. 151 requires that those items be recognized as current period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal”. In addition, FASB Statement No. 151 requires that allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The provisions of FASB Statement No. 151 are effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company does not expect the implementation of FASB Statement No. 151 to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 2.     RECEIVABLES
A summary of receivables at December 31 is as follows:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Trade
  $ 1,594     $ 1,248  
Incentive
    1,261       41  
Broker
    398       90  
Other
    85       39  
             
    $ 3,338     $ 1,418  
             
NOTE 3.     INVENTORIES
A summary of inventories at December 31 is as follows:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Corn
  $ 295     $ 349  
Chemicals
    228       235  
Supplies
    253       615  
Work in process
    448       254  
Ethanol
    297       779  
Distillers grains
    1       5  
             
    $ 1,522     $ 2,237  
             
 
F-68


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
NOTE 4.     PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
A summary of property and equipment at December 31 is as follows:
                 
    2004   2005
 
Land and land improvements
  $ 4,999     $ 5,857  
Buildings
    13,879       13,983  
Machinery and equipment
    39,893       40,091  
Office furniture and equipment
    274       316  
Construction in progress
          2,560  
             
      59,045       62,807  
Less accumulated depreciation
    2,790       7,125  
             
    $ 56,255     $ 55,682  
             
NOTE 5.     NOTE PAYABLE
The Company has a loan agreement with a Bank that provides for a revolving line of credit of $5,000, subject to renewal on December 8, 2006, and two construction term notes as described in Note 6. The revolving line of credit bears interest at 3.80% above the 1 month LIBOR rate (7.80% at December 31, 2005) with an incentive pricing clause that will reduce the interest rate to a range from 2.80% to 3.30% above the 1 month LIBOR if the Company maintains specified debt to net worth ratio levels. The agreement is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets and matures on September 20, 2009. The agreement contains restrictive covenants concerning the maintenance of certain financial ratios and limits the amount of cash distributions that may be paid to the members to no more than 40% (65% once retained earnings exceeds outstanding debt) of the previous fiscal year’s net income or that amount which would result in the Company at the time of distribution, remaining in compliance with any of the covenants set forth in the agreement, and ongoing financial reporting requirements to the lender. Prepayment of outstanding borrowings prior to September 2007 would result in a prepayment penalty of up to 3%. The Company is required to make additional principal payments based on an excess cash flow requirement as defined in the agreement. In addition, the agreement provides for an unused commitment fee of 0.20% of the average unused portion of the note. As of December 31, 2004 and 2005, no amounts were outstanding under the revolving line of credit.
 
F-69


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
NOTE 6.     LONG-TERM DEBT
                 
    2004   2005
 
Variable rate term note to bank, bearing interest at 3.30% above the 3 month LIBOR (7.80% at December 31, 2005), due in quarterly payments of principal and interest with a final balloon payment due on September 20, 2009, collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company(a)
  $ 16,122     $ 14,776  
Variable rate term note to bank, bearing interest at 3.80% above the 3 month LIBOR with an incentive pricing clause that will reduce the interest rate to a range from 2.80% to 3.30% above the 3 month LIBOR (7.30% at December 31, 2005), due in quarterly payments of $552, which includes principal and interest to September 20, 2009, collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company
    11,117       6,743  
Community redevelopment revenue bonds(b)
    3,669       3,669  
Subordinated note payable to a member, paid in full in 2005
    1,788        
             
      32,696       25,188  
Less current maturities
    (5,720 )     (3,388 )
             
    $ 26,976     $ 21,800  
             
 
(a) The Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with the bank effective June 21, 2004 and expiring September 20, 2009, with an original notional amount of $16,450. The notional amount, which decreases over the term of the agreement as principal payments are made on the notes, was $16,122 at December 31, 2004 and $14,776 at December 31, 2005. Under the swap agreement, the Company pays interest at a fixed rate equal to 7.50% and receives interest at a variable rate equal to the 3 month LIBOR plus 3.30% (7.80% as of December 31, 2005). The swap agreement requires payments be made or received quarterly. The fair value of the swap agreement was recorded as an asset (liability) of $(223) and $238 as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
 
(b) The Company is obligated to repay Community Redevelopment Revenue Bonds, issued by the Community Redevelopment Authority (Authority) of the City of Central City, Nebraska. The redevelopment contract requires interest only payments in 2004 and 2005 and semiannual interest and principal payments beginning June 1, 2006 through 2018. The bonds contain fixed interest rates ranging from 6.25% to 7.25%. Real estate taxes paid by the Company and allocated to the Authority will be used by the Authority to pay principal and interest of the bonds. Although such real estate taxes are expected to be sufficient to repay the bonds, the Company is obligated to pay any deficiency when due. The agreement is secured by a mortgage on the Company’s real property which is subordinate to the variable term notes payable to bank and the revolving term note.
 
F-70


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
Long-term debt maturities are as follows:
         
Years ending December 31,
 
2006
  $ 3,388  
2007
    3,580  
2008
    3,781  
2009
    11,552  
2010
    229  
Thereafter
    2,658  
       
    $ 25,188  
       
NOTE 7.     MEMBERS’ EQUITY
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC sold membership units during 2003 for a total of $25,499 and at December 31, 2003 had $6,309 of membership subscriptions receivable which were offset against members’ equity. The outstanding subscriptions receivable were collected in 2004. At December 31, 2004 and 2005, there were 509.97 membership units outstanding. The Company is managed by a Board of Managers and the operating agreement provides that the profits and losses of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC are allocated in proportion to the membership units held. Members do not have rights to take part in the management of the Company. Transfers of membership units are prohibited except as provided for under the operating agreement. Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC has perpetual duration, unless it is dissolved and its affairs wound up in accordance with law or pursuant to its operating agreement.
NOTE 8.     EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company has a defined contribution plan available to its qualified employees. The Company matches 100% of the contributions of qualified employees up to 3% of the eligible salary of each employee. Company contributions totaled $0, $25 and $37 for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
NOTE 9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES AND CONCENTRATIONS
The Company’s Central City, Nebraska plant was constructed by one of its members for a total contract price of approximately $51,000. Construction was substantially complete as of May 2004 when production began. As of December 31, 2004, the Company owed the member $197, which was paid in 2005.
The Company recorded interest expense of $0, $29 and $35 related to a subordinated note payable to a member for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively, with related accrued interest payable of $29 and $0 as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
The Company purchases a substantial portion of its denaturant from one of its members. Denaturant purchases from the member were $0, $1,683 and $2,080 for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. Accounts payable related to these purchases totaled $149 and $14 at December 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
 
F-71


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
The Company markets all of its ethanol through United Bio Energy, LLC (UBE). The term of the agreement is for a one year period with automatic renewal for successive one year terms, unless either party gives written notice within 90 days prior to the expiration of the current term. The agreement includes provisions that require rail car leases be entered into by the marketer for the benefit of the Company. Upon termination of the marketing agreement, the Company is required to assume the leases and be obligated to the terms and conditions of the leases. As of December 31, 2005, the marketer leases 120 rail cars through March 31, 2007 with automatic renewals for successive 36 month terms unless canceled by either party. For the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively, the Company incurred $0, $486 and $733 under the lease agreement. Future minimum lease payments on the railroad cars are $698 in 2006 and $175 in 2007. See Note 10 for subsequent acquisition of the Company by US BioEnergy Corporation, the parent of UBE.
The Company enters into forward ethanol contracts to manage the risk of price volatility. At December 31, 2005, the Company had entered into contracts to sell approximately 35,000,000 gallons of ethanol at an average price of $1.70 per gallon.
The Company has an agreement with UBE to provide management services of essentially all of the day to day activities of its plant for a minimum of $350 per year. The agreement is renewable annually and includes incentive bonuses based on the profitability of the Company, with a maximum of $350 per year. Under this agreement, the Company incurred $0, $327 and $734, which included incentive bonuses of $0, $0 and $350 for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
The Company has an agreement with UBE to purchase approximately 15 million bushels of corn per year. The agreement is renewable annually, unless either party gives written notice within 90 days prior to the expiration of the current term. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had outstanding commitments to purchase approximately 11,500,000 bushels of corn at an average price of $2.13 per bushel under forward contracts.
The Company has an agreement to purchase all electric energy requirements for an annual minimum charge of $115 until the agreement expires in May 2008. For the years ended 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company incurred $0, $633 and $1,006, respectively, under the agreement.
At December 31, 2005, the Company had outstanding commitments to purchase approximately 640,000 MMBTU of natural gas at an average price of $9.52 per MMBTU.
The Company receives an incentive payment from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for the use of corn to produce ethanol. In accordance with the terms of this program, income is recorded based on incremental production of ethanol compared to the prior year. The incentive is calculated on the USDA fiscal year of October 1 to September 30 and paid quarterly. Incentive revenue from the USDA of $0, $5,390 and $2,311 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. The USDA issued notice that incentive payments for use of corn to produce ethanol will end in June 2006.
The Company also receives an incentive credit from the State of Nebraska (State) to produce ethanol. In accordance with the terms of this program, income is recorded based on the increase in gallons of ethanol produced. Incentive revenue of $0, $2,798 and $2,798 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.
 
F-72


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
At December 31, 2005, the Company had construction in progress to construct additional grain storage bins, with a remaining commitment of $534.
Substantially all of the Company’s facilities are subject to federal, state and local regulations relating to the discharge of materials into the environment. Compliance with these provisions has not had, nor does management expect to have, any material effect upon operations. Management believes that the current practices and procedures for the control and disposition of such wastes comply with applicable federal and state requirements.
In December 2005, the Company entered into a contract for excavation and site improvements for the Val-E Ethanol, LLC ethanol plant. The agreement requires total payments of $1,573. As of December 31, 2005, construction costs of $139 were incurred under the contract and are included in accounts payable. Also see Note 10.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is party to claims and litigation. Management believes these matters will not have a material effect on the operations of the Company.
Net sales for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 include sales to the following major customers, together with the receivables due from those customers:
                         
    Years ended December 31,
     
Customer   2003   2004   2005
 
UBE for ethanol
  $     $ 40,997     $ 74,886  
Marketer for wet distillers grains, a related party
          6,721       9,682  
                   
    $     $ 47,718     $ 84,568  
                   
                 
    Receivable balance
    as of December 31,
     
Customer   2004   2005
 
UBE
  $ 1,449     $ 1,089  
Marketer for wet distillers grains, a related party
    146       159  
             
    $ 1,595     $ 1,248  
             
As of December 31, 2004 and 2005, the Company had cash balances in excess of federally insured limits at one commercial bank which totaled approximately $4,900 and $21,300, respectively.
NOTE 10.     SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (UNAUDITED)
Construction contract— Val-E Ethanol, LLC: In January 2006, the Company entered into a design-build contract with one of its members for the design, engineering and construction for the Val-E Ethanol, LLC ethanol plant. The agreement requires total payments of approximately $52,000, not including the water pre-treatment system and fire protection system which will be provided pursuant to a change order on a time and materials basis.
In January 2006, the Company obtained a commitment from a bank for the financing of the Val-E Ethanol, LLC ethanol plant. The financing package includes a construction and variable term loan for 60% of the total project costs limited to $42,840 with an operating line of credit of $5,000 and letters of credit up to $1,000.
 
F-73


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Dollars in Thousands)
Plant expansion: In April 2006, the Company entered into a design-build contract with one of its members for expansion of its ethanol plant located in Central City, Nebraska, to 80 million gallon nameplate annual production. The agreement requires total payments of approximately $43,000, not including the water pre-treatment system and fire protection system which will be provided pursuant to a change order on a time and materials basis.
In June 2006, the Company obtained a commitment letter from a bank for the financing of the related expansion. The financing package includes a construction and variable term loan for the lesser of $46,300 or 40% of member’s equity, an operating line of credit for $5,000 and letters of credit up to $1,000.
Acquisition by US BioEnergy Corporation: The Company and the 49.8% minority interest of Val-E Ethanol, LLC were acquired by US BioEnergy Corporation (USBE) as of April 30, 2006 for consideration of $40,000 in cash, 51,204,981 shares of USBE Class A common stock valued at $114,699, and additional consideration of $35,000 in cash if USBE does not go effective with a qualifying registration statement for an initial public offering of its Class A common stock by June 30, 2007. If USBE has not filed a qualifying registration statement as of December 20, 2006, the former members of the Company have the right to terminate and unwind the acquisition by delivery of written notice to USBE by December 28, 2006.
 
F-74


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Condensed consolidated balance sheets
                     
    December 31,   March 31,
    2005   2006
 
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 20,552     $ 16,371  
 
Receivables
    1,418       2,384  
 
Inventories
    2,237       2,517  
 
Prepaid expenses
    560       456  
             
   
Total current assets
    24,767       21,728  
             
Other Assets
               
 
Interest rate swap
    238       379  
 
Debt issuance costs, net
    410       411  
             
      648       790  
             
Property and Equipment, net
    55,682       65,265  
             
    $ 81,097     $ 87,783  
             
 
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities
               
 
Current maturities of long-term debt
  $ 3,388     $ 3,408  
 
Accounts payable
    1,624       3,244  
 
Accrued property taxes
    835       1,051  
 
Other accrued expenses
    461       787  
 
Derivative financial instruments
    8       140  
             
   
Total current liabilities
    6,316       8,630  
             
Long-term Liabilities
               
 
Long-term debt, less current maturities
    21,800       21,005  
             
Minority Interest in Subsidiary
    2,624       12,384  
             
Commitments and Contingencies
               
Members’ Equity
               
 
Member capital contributions, 509.97 units issued and outstanding
    25,499       25,499  
 
Retained earnings
    24,858       20,265  
             
      50,357       45,764  
             
   
Total liabilities and members’ equity
  $ 81,097     $ 87,783  
             
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-75


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Condensed consolidated statements of operations
Three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006
                       
    2005   2006
 
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
Revenues:
               
 
Product sales
  $ 20,405     $ 24,100  
 
Other revenues, incentive income
    1,963        
             
     
Total revenues
    22,368       24,100  
Cost of goods sold, product sales
    16,448       17,038  
             
     
Gross profit
    5,920       7,062  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    247       1,617  
             
     
Operating income
    5,673       5,445  
             
Other income (expense):
               
 
Interest expense
    (114 )     (324 )
 
Interest income
          297  
 
Other income
    3       3  
             
      (111 )     (24 )
             
     
Income before minority interest
    5,562       5,421  
Minority interest in net income of subsidiary
          (14 )
             
     
Net income
  $ 5,562     $ 5,407  
             
Pro forma amounts as if the Company were a taxable entity (unaudited):
               
   
Pro forma income tax expense
  $ 2,100     $ 2,000  
   
Pro forma net income
    3,462       3,407  
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-76


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
Three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006
                         
    2005   2006
 
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
               
 
Net income
  $ 5,562     $ 5,407  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation
    1,075       1,077  
   
Amortization
          24  
   
Minority interest in net income of subsidiary
          14  
   
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
               
     
Receivables
    (1,222 )     (966 )
     
Inventories
    (425 )     (280 )
     
Prepaid expenses
    (203 )     104  
     
Derivative financial instruments
    (332 )     (9 )
     
Accounts payable
    (528 )     1,750  
     
Accrued expenses
    (7 )     542  
             
       
Net cash provided by operating activities
    3,920       7,663  
             
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
               
 
Decrease in restricted cash
    1,004        
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (237 )     (10,790 )
             
       
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    767       (10,790 )
             
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
               
 
Debt issuance costs paid
          (25 )
 
Principal payments on long-term debt
    (3,435 )     (775 )
 
Member distributions
    (1,500 )     (10,000 )
 
Proceeds from minority interest in subsidiary
          9,746  
             
       
Net cash used in financing activities
    (4,935 )     (1,054 )
             
       
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (248 )     (4,181 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents
               
 
Beginning of period
    3,738       20,552  
             
 
End of period
  $ 3,490     $ 16,371  
             
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-77


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 1.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and its 50.2% owned subsidiary, Val-E Ethanol, LLC, which are collectively referred to as the “Company”. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2005, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and the unaudited March 31, 2005 and 2006 condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
Management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions which affect the amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses the Company has reported, and its disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The results of the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Recently issued accounting standards: In July 2006 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation provides that the financial statement effects of a tax position shall initially be recognized when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. This interpretation also may require additional disclosures related to tax positions taken.
The provisions of FIN 48 are effective as of the beginning of fiscal 2007, with the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN 48 on the Company’s financial statements but does not expect the adoption of this statement to be significant to the financial statements.
 
F-78


 

Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC
 
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 2.     INVENTORIES
A summary of inventories is as follows:
                 
    December 31,   March 31,
    2005   2006
 
Corn
  $ 349     $ 470  
Chemicals
    235       278  
Supplies
    615       695  
Work in process
    254       285  
Distillers grains
    5       14  
Ethanol
    779       775  
             
    $ 2,237     $ 2,517  
             
NOTE 3.     CONTINGENCY
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is party to claims and litigation. Management believes these matters will not have a material effect on the operations of the Company.
NOTE 4.     SUBSEQUENT EVENT
The Company and the 49.8% minority interest of Val-E Ethanol, LLC were acquired by US BioEnergy Corporation (USBE) as of April 30, 2006 for consideration of $40,000 in cash, 51,204,981 shares of USBE Class A common stock valued at $114,699, and additional consideration of $35,000 in cash if USBE does not go effective with a qualifying registration statement for an initial public offering of its Class A common stock by June 30, 2007. If USBE has not filed a qualifying registration statement as of December 20, 2006, the former members of the Company have the right to terminate and unwind the acquisition by delivery of written notice to USBE by December 28, 2006.
In April 2006, the Company entered into a design-build contract with one of its members for expansion of its ethanol plant located near Central City, Nebraska, to 80 million gallon nameplate annual production. The agreement requires total payments of approximately $43,000, not including the water pre-treatment system and fire protection system which will be provided pursuant to a change order on a time and materials basis.
In June 2006, the Company obtained a commitment letter from a bank for the financing of the related expansion. The financing package includes a construction and variable term loan for the lesser of $46,300 or 40% of member’s equity, an operating line of credit for $5,000 and letters of credit up to $1,000.
 
F-79


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A development stage company)
 
(McGladrey & Pullen Logo)
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To the Board of Directors
US BioEnergy Corporation
Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota
We have audited the statements of operations, members’ equity and cash flows of US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) (a development stage company) for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 and for the period from October 1, 2004 to April 30, 2005 that are incorporated into the accompanying financial statements. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations, changes in members’ equity and cash flows of US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) for the period from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 and for the period from October 1, 2004 to April 30, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
  (McGladrey & Pullen Signature)
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
June 10, 2006
McGladrey & Pullen, LLP is a member firm of RSM International,
an affiliation of separate and independent legal entities.
 
F-80


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A development stage company)
 
Independent Auditor’s Report
To the Board of Directors
Superior Corn Products, LLC
Lake Odessa, Michigan
We have audited the statements of operations, changes in members’ equity and cash flows of Superior Corn Products, LLC (a development stage Michigan company) for the period from January 15, 2004 (date of organization) to September 30, 2004 that are incorporated into the accompanying financial statements. These financial statements are the responsibility of the company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based upon our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Superior Corn Products, LLC for the period from January 15, 2004 (date of organization) to September 30, 2004, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Christianson & Associates, PLLP
Willmar, Minnesota
January 6, 2005
 
F-81


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A development stage company)
 
Statements of operations
                     
        Period from
        January 15, 2004
    Period from   (date of
    January 1, 2005   organization)
    to April 30, 2005   to April 30, 2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
               
 
Interest income
  $ 1     $ 3  
Expenses:
               
 
General and administrative
    101       307  
             
   
Net loss
  $ (100 )   $ (304 )
             
See notes to financial statements.
 
F-82


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A development stage company)
 
Statement of Members’ Equity
                                   
            Deficit    
        accumulated    
    Membership   during the    
        development    
    Units   Amount   stage   Total
 
    (dollars in thousands)
 
Issuance of membership units on January 15, 2004 (date of organization) for consulting fees
    360     $ 30     $     $ 30  
 
Issuance of membership units through September 30, 2004 for cash
    480       600             600  
 
Redemption of membership units on July 1, 2004
    (240 )                  
 
Net loss
                (204 )     (204 )
                         
Balance, December 31, 2004
    600       630       (204 )     426  
 
Net loss
                (100 )     (100 )
                         
Balance, April 30, 2005
    600     $ 630     $ (304 )   $ 326  
                         
See notes to financial statements.
 
F-83


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A development stage company)
 
Statements of cash flows
                         
        Period from
        January 15, 2004
    Period from   (date of
    January 1, 2005   organization)
    to April 30, 2005   to April 30, 2005
 
    (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
               
 
Net loss
  $ (100 )   $ (304 )
 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation
          1  
   
Deferred offering costs expensed
    42       42  
   
Consulting fees for membership units
          30  
   
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
               
     
Accounts payable
    (42 )     25  
     
Accrued expenses
    (24 )      
             
       
Net cash used in operating activities
    (124 )     (206 )
             
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
               
 
Purchase of land options
          (11 )
 
Purchase of property and equipment
    (40 )     (136 )
             
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (40 )     (147 )
             
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
               
 
Deferred offering costs paid
          (42 )
 
Subscription deposits received
    63       754  
 
Return of subscription deposits
    (754 )     (754 )
 
Cash received for membership units issued
          600  
             
       
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (691 )     558  
             
       
Net increase (decrease) in cash
    (855 )     205  
Cash
               
 
Beginning of period
    1,060        
             
 
End of period
  $ 205     $ 205  
             
Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
               
 
Property and equipment purchases in accounts payable
  $ 31     $ 31  
See notes to financial statements.
 
F-84


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A Development Stage Company)
 
Notes to financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of business: US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC) (a development stage Michigan limited liability company) (Company) was organized to build a 45 million gallon nameplate ethanol plant near Lake Odessa, Michigan. As of April 30, 2005, the Company was in the development stage with its efforts being principally devoted to organizational and equity raising activities.
A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies follows:
Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Income taxes: The Company is treated as a partnership for federal and state income tax purposes and generally does not incur income taxes. Instead, the Company’s earnings and losses are included in the income tax returns of the Company’s members. Therefore, no provision or liability for federal or state income taxes has been included in these financial statements.
Organizational and start up costs: Organizational and start up costs are expensed as incurred.
Deferred offering costs: The Company records incremental direct costs to issue equity as an asset until the equity is issued, at which time such costs would be offset against equity raised. The Company expenses deferred offering costs when the consummation of the offering is not probable or the offering is aborted. The Company expensed deferred offering costs of $42 during the period from January 1 to April 30, 2005.
NOTE 2. MEMBERS’ EQUITY
The Company was organized on January 15, 2004 with one class of members and membership units. Additional classes of membership interests and units may be created and issued as the Board of Managers determines necessary.
NOTE 3. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In February 2004, the Company hired an affiliated company related to a member for project coordination services, at a contracted rate of $5 per month. The Company incurred $20 and $25 under this contract during the periods from January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005 and January 15, 2004 to April 30, 2005, respectively.
The Company had land options with related parties to purchase land near Lake Odessa, Michigan. Consideration of $11 was paid for the options which were capitalized with the purchase price of the land and exercised subsequent to April 30, 2005. The remaining $539 balance of the purchase price was paid in common stock of US BioEnergy Corporation in August 2005 (see Note 5).
 
F-85


 

US Bio Woodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
(A Development Stage Company)
 
Notes to financial statements
(Dollars in thousands)
NOTE 4. COMMITMENTS
The Company has an agreement for various design and construction services for its ethanol plant. The Company began construction in August 2005 and anticipates total project costs of approximately $60,000.
NOTE 5. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Effective April 30, 2005, US BioEnergy Corporation acquired all the outstanding member interests of the Company by issuing 1,500,000 shares of its Class A common stock.
 
F-86


 

(BACK COVER)

 


 

Part II
 
Information not required in prospectus
ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the sale of the common stock being registered. All amounts, except the SEC registration fee, the NASD filing fee, and The NASDAQ Global Market listing fee, are estimates.
         
SEC registration fee
  $ 32,100  
NASD filing fee
  $ 30,500  
NASDAQ listing fee and expenses
  $    *  
Printing and engraving expenses
  $    *  
Legal fees and expenses
  $    *  
Accounting fees and expenses
  $    *  
Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses
  $    *  
Directors and officers insurance premiums
  $    *  
Miscellaneous fees and expenses
  $    *  
       
Total
  $    *  
       
 
To be completed by amendment.
ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Our Articles of Incorporation, as amended (the “Articles”), and bylaws require us to indemnify our officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. The indemnification provisions of the South Dakota Business Corporation Act (the “SDBCA”) are summarized as follows:
  (a)     The SDBCA permits us to indemnify an officer or director who is a party to a proceeding by reason of being an officer or director against liability incurred in the proceeding if the officer or director:
  (1)     acted in good faith; and
 
  (2)     reasonably believed:
  (i)     in the case of conduct in an official capacity, that the conduct was in our best interests;
 
  (ii)     in all other cases, that the conduct was at least not opposed to our best interests; and
  (3)     in the case of any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful.
  The termination of a proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, is not, of itself, determinative that the person did not meet the relevant standard of conduct.
 
II-1


 

Part II
 
  (b)     The SDBCA further permits us to indemnify an officer or director against liability to any person for any action taken, or any failure to take any action, as a director or officer, except liability arising out of conduct that constitutes:
  (1)     receipt of a financial benefit to which the officer or director is not entitled;
 
  (2)     an intentional infliction of harm on us or our shareholders; or
 
  (3)     an intentional violation of criminal law.
  We also may not indemnify directors for liability arising out of unlawful distributions.
 
  (c)     The SDBCA does not permit us to indemnify an officer or director:
  (1)     in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation, except for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding if it is determined that the officer or director has met the relevant standard of conduct, discussed in (a) above; or
 
  (2)     in connection with any proceeding with respect to conduct for which the officer or director was adjudged liable on the basis that the officer or director received a financial benefit to which the officer or director was not entitled, whether or not involving action in his or her official capacity.
  (d)     Under the SDBCA, we may pay for or reimburse the reasonable expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of the final disposition thereof if the officer or director receiving the advance delivers to us: (1) a written affirmation of the officer’s or director’s good faith belief that he or she has met the relevant standard of conduct; and (2) a written undertaking to repay the advance if it is ultimately determined that that person was not entitled to indemnification or did not meet the standard of conduct.
 
  (e)     Under the SDBCA, we may not indemnify an officer or director in respect of a proceeding described in (a) or (b) above unless it is first determined that indemnification is permissible because the person has met the relevant standard of conduct. Such determination shall be made:
  (1)     if there are two or more disinterested directors, by the board of directors, by a majority vote of all the disinterested directors, a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum for such purpose, or by a majority of the members of a committee of two or more disinterested directors that is appointed by a majority of the disinterested directors;
 
  (2)     by special legal counsel:
  (i)     selected in the manner prescribed by (1) above; or
 
  (ii)     if there are fewer than two disinterested directors, selected by the board of directors, in which selection directors who do not qualify as disinterested directors may participate; or
  (3)     by the shareholders, but shares owned by or voted under the control of a director who at the time does not qualify as a disinterested director may not be voted.
  Authorization of the indemnification shall be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification is permissible. However, if there are fewer than two disinterested directors or if the determination is made by special legal counsel, authorization of indemnification shall be made by those entitled to select special legal counsel.
 
II-2


 

Part II
 
  Indemnification can also be ordered by a court if the court determines that indemnification is fair and reasonable to indemnify the officer or director. Notwithstanding the foregoing, every officer or director who has been wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of a proceeding described in (a) or (b) above is entitled to be indemnified as a matter of right against reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding.
 
  Our Articles also contain a provision that limits the liability of our directors for money damages to the fullest extent permitted by South Dakota law. The SDBCA permits a corporation to provide that its directors will not be liable to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for any action taken, or the failure to take any action, as directors, except for liability:
    for the amount of a financial benefit received by a director to which the director is not entitled;
 
    an intentional infliction of harm on the corporation or its shareholders;
 
    a violation of Section 47-1A-833 of the Act (relating to unlawful distributions); or
 
    an intentional violation of criminal law.
  In addition, under the SDBCA, our directors are not liable to us or our shareholders for any decision to take or not to take action, or any failure to take action, as a director, unless it can be established that the provisions described in the immediately preceding paragraph do not preclude such liability and that the challenged conduct was the result of:
    action not in good faith;
 
    a decision which the director did not reasonably believe to be in our best interests or as to which the director was not properly informed;
 
    a lack of objectivity due to the director’s familial, financial, or business relationship with, or a lack of independence due to the director’s domination or control by, another person having a material interest in the challenged conduct;
 
    a sustained failure of the director to devote attention to ongoing oversight of the business and affairs of the corporation, or a failure to devote timely attention, by making, or causing to be made, appropriate inquiry; or
 
    receipt of a financial benefit to which the director was not entitled or any other breach of the director’s duties to deal fairly with us or our shareholders that is actionable under applicable law.
We also have directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage which insures our directors and officers against specific liabilities.
ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
During the three-year period preceding the date of filing of this registration statement, we have issued securities in the transactions described below without registration under the Securities Act. These securities were offered and sold by us in reliance upon exemptions from the registration requirements provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D under the Securities Act relating to sales not involving any public offering and/or Rule 701 under the Securities Act relating to transactions occurring under compensatory benefit plans. The transactions described in this Item 15 were made without general solicitation or advertising and no underwriter was employed in connection with any of these transactions. Restrictive legends, which indicate that the shares are not registered and may not be
 
II-3


 

Part II
 
sold, assigned, pledged, encumbered or otherwise transferred without registration or an exemption from registration, were affixed to the share certificates issued in all of the transactions described in this Item 15.
  on April 30, 2006, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued an aggregate 44,999,981 shares of our class A common stock to 38 members of Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC in exchange for 100% of the membership interests in Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC;
 
  also on April 30, 2006, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued an aggregate 6,205,000 shares of our class A common stock to seven members of Val-E Ethanol, LLC in exchange for 49.8% of the outstanding membership interests in Val-E Ethanol, LLC;
 
  on March 31, 2006, we sold an aggregate of 44,700,000 shares of our class A common stock to 15 investors at a price of $2.00 per share for a total purchase price of $89,400,000;
 
  also on March 31, 2006, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued an aggregate of 5,648,250 shares of our class A common stock to 21 members of Gold Energy, LLC in exchange for 100% of the outstanding class A membership units in Gold Energy, LLC;
 
  on November 17, 2005, in connection with the termination of an administrative services agreement between us and US Bio Resource Group, LLC, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 6,500,000 shares of our common stock to Capitaline Advisors, LLC and Global Ethanol, Inc.;
 
  also on November 17, 2005, we entered into a subscription agreement with CHS Inc. pursuant to which we issued 35,000,000 shares of our class A common stock for a total purchase price of $35,000,000;
 
  in August and September 2005, we sold an aggregate of 56,235,000 shares of our class A common stock to 56 investors at a price of $1.00 per share, for a total purchase price of $56,235,000;
 
  on May 5, 2005, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued 2,000,000 shares of our class A common stock to Fagen Management, LLC in exchange for all of its membership interests in United Bio Energy, LLC;
 
  also on May 5, 2005, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued an aggregate of 3,000,000 shares of our class A common stock to the three shareholders of ICM Marketing, Inc. in exchange for 100% of the outstanding shares of ICM Marketing common stock;
 
  on April 30, 2005, in connection with a business combination transaction, we issued an aggregate of 1,500,000 of our shares of class A common stock to the 21 members of Superior Corn Products, LLC in exchange for 100% of the outstanding membership units of Superior Corn Products, LLC;
 
  on December 28, 2004, we entered into a subscription agreement with US BioEnergy Management, LLC pursuant to which we issued an aggregate of 15,000,000 shares of our class B common stock for subscription payments totaling $5 million; on May 25, 2005, US Bio Resource Group LLC, formerly known as US BioEnergy Management, converted all of its shares of class B common stock to shares of our class A common stock;
 
  on November 2, 2004, we entered into a subscription agreement with US BioEnergy Management, LLC pursuant to which we issued an aggregate of 10,000,000 shares of our class B common stock for subscription payments totaling $1 million; on May 25, 2005, US Bio Resource Group LLC, formerly known as US BioEnergy Management, converted all of its shares of class B common stock to shares of our class A common stock on a one-for-one basis; and
 
  Since our inception in October 2004, we have awarded options to purchase an aggregate of 1,707,000 shares of our common stock with exercise prices ranging from $1.00 to $3.01 per share
 
II-4


 

Part II
 
and 20,000 shares of restricted stock to our employees, directors and consultants and we have offered to sell 331,500 shares of our common stock to our employees, directors and consultants for $1.00 per share.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)     The following exhibits are filed as part of this registration statement:
         
Exhibit    
Number   Description
 
  1.1     Form of Underwriting Agreement*
  3.1     Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation*
  3.2     Amended and Restated Bylaws*
  4.1     Specimen common stock certificate*
  5.1     Opinion of Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP*
  10.1     2006 Stock Incentive Plan*
  10.2     2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*
  21.1     Subsidiaries of Registrant*
  23.1     Consent of McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, independent auditors, relating to the consolidated financial statements of US BioEnergy Corporation, United Bio Energy, LLC, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and US BioWoodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
  23.2     Consent of Kennedy & Coe, LLC, independent auditors, relating to the consolidated financial statements of United Bio Energy, LLC and ICM Marketing, Inc.
  23.3     Consent of Christianson & Associates, PLLP, independent auditors, relating to the financial statements of Superior Corn Products, LLC
  23.4     Consent of Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)*
  24.1     Power of Attorney+
 
* To be filed by amendment
 
+ Included in the signature page hereto
(b)     Financial Statement Schedule
 
II-5


 

Part II
 
SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
                                           
    Balance at   Additions        
Years ended:   Beginning of   Charged to   Charged to       Balance at
    Year   Expense   Other Accounts   Deductions   End of Year
 
    (dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2004
                                       
 
Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance
  $     $ 19     $     $     $ 19  
December 31, 2005
                                       
 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
          (68 )     173 (a)     (30 )     75  
 
Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance
    19       1,331                   1,350  
 
(a) Allocated purchase price adjustment from the United Bio Energy, LLC business combination in May 2005.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors
US BioEnergy Corporation
Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements of US BioEnergy Corporation and subsidiaries referred to in our report dated January 27, 2006, included elsewhere in this Registration Statement on Form S-1, also included the financial statement Schedule II of US BioEnergy Corporation and subsidiaries, listed in Item 16(b) of this Registration Statement. This schedule is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits of the consolidated financial statements.
In our opinion, the financial statement Schedule II, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
  /s/ McGladrey & Pullen, LLP
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
January 27, 2006
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
 
II-6


 

Part II
 
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
  (1)     For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
 
  (2)     For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
II-7


 

 
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Brookings, State of South Dakota, on August 3, 2006.
  US BIOENERGY CORPORATION
  By:  /s/ Gordon W. Ommen
   
        Name: Gordon W. Ommen
        Title:   Chief Executive Officer
Power of attorney
We, the undersigned officers and directors of US BioEnergy Corporation, hereby severally constitute and appoint Gordon W. Ommen and Richard K. Atkinson, and each of them acting alone, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them for him and in his name, place, and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement (or any other registration statement for the same offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933) and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any applicable securities exchange or securities self-regulatory body, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on August 3, 2006.
         
    Title
Signature    
 
/s/ Gordon W. Ommen
 
Gordon W. Ommen
  Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board of Directors (Principal Executive Officer)
 
/s/ Richard K. Atkinson
 
Richard K. Atkinson
  Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
 
/s/ Virg G. Garbers
 
Virg G. Garbers
  Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)
 
/s/ James E. Dauwalter
 
James E. Dauwalter
  Director
 
/s/ Jay D. Debertin
 
Jay D. Debertin
  Director
 
/s/ Jennifer A. Johnson
 
Jennifer A. Johnson
  Director
 
II-8


 

         
    Title
Signature    
 
 
/s/ James B. Morgan
 
James B. Morgan
  Director
 
/s/ Steven P. Myers
 
Steven P. Myers
  Director
 
/s/ Clifford F. Mesner
 
Clifford F. Mesner
  Director
 
II-9


 

 
Exhibit index
         
Exhibit    
number   Description
 
  1 .1   Form of Underwriting Agreement*
  3 .1   Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation*
  3 .2   Amended and Restated Bylaws*
  4 .1   Specimen common stock certificate*
  5 .1   Opinion of Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP*
  10 .1   2006 Stock Incentive Plan *
  10 .2   2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*
  21 .1   Subsidiaries of Registrant*
  23 .1   Consent of McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, independent auditors, relating to the consolidated financial statements of US BioEnergy Corporation, United Bio Energy, LLC, Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, LLC and US BioWoodbury, LLC (formerly Superior Corn Products, LLC)
  23 .2   Consent of Kennedy & Coe, LLC, independent auditors, relating to the consolidated financial statements of United Bio Energy, LLC and ICM Marketing, Inc.
  23 .3   Consent of Christianson & Associates, PLLP, independent auditors, relating to the financial statements of Superior Corn Products LLC
  23 .4   Consent of Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith, LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)*
  24 .1   Power of Attorney†
 
To be filed by amendment
†  Included in the signature page hereto