10-Q 1 fhlb_boston-10qmarch312012.htm FORM 10-Q FHLB_Boston-10Q March 31, 2012


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q 
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Commission File Number: 000-51402 
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
 
Federally chartered corporation
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
04-6002575
(I.R.S. employer identification number)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
800 Boylston Street
Boston, MA
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
02199
(Zip code)
 
 (617) 292-9600
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes  o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). x Yes  o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o
 
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  o Yes  x No 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
 
 
Shares outstanding
as of April 30, 2012
Class A Stock, par value $100
 
zero
Class B Stock, par value $100
 
36,261,817



Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston
Form 10-Q
Table of Contents


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
(dollars and shares in thousands, except par value)
(unaudited)


 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
108,162

 
$
112,094

Interest-bearing deposits
292

 
177

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
4,000,000

 
6,900,000

Federal funds sold
2,375,000

 
2,270,000

Investment securities:
 
 
 

Trading securities
270,984

 
274,164

Available-for-sale securities - includes $108,994 and $119,118 pledged as collateral at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively that may be repledged
5,612,171

 
5,280,199

Held-to-maturity securities - includes $112,445 and $128,073 pledged as collateral at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively that may be repledged (a)
6,331,384

 
6,655,008

Total investment securities
12,214,539

 
12,209,371

Advances
24,891,964

 
25,194,898

Mortgage loans held for portfolio, net of allowance for credit losses of $6,595 and $7,800 at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively
3,166,457

 
3,109,223

Accrued interest receivable
104,733

 
116,517

Premises, software, and equipment, net
4,169

 
4,518

Derivative assets, net
180

 
16,521

Other assets
46,403

 
35,018

Total Assets
$
46,911,899

 
$
49,968,337

LIABILITIES
 

 
 

Deposits:
 

 
 

Interest-bearing
$
725,190

 
$
627,127

Non-interest-bearing
35,184

 
27,119

Total deposits
760,374

 
654,246

Consolidated obligations:
 
 
 

Bonds
28,533,735

 
29,879,460

Discount notes
12,834,056

 
14,651,793

Total consolidated obligations
41,367,791

 
44,531,253

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
214,859

 
227,429

Accrued interest payable
138,772

 
110,782

Affordable Housing Program (AHP) payable
38,550

 
34,241

Derivative liabilities, net
842,165

 
905,304

Other liabilities
226,211

 
16,048

Total liabilities
43,588,722

 
46,479,303

Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)


 


CAPITAL
 

 
 

Capital stock – Class B – putable ($100 par value), 34,026 shares and 36,253 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively
3,402,556

 
3,625,348

Retained earnings:
 
 
 
Unrestricted
408,154

 
375,158

Restricted
32,299

 
22,939

Total retained earnings
440,453

 
398,097

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(519,832
)
 
(534,411
)
Total capital
3,323,177

 
3,489,034

Total Liabilities and Capital
$
46,911,899

 
$
49,968,337

______________________________________
(a)   Fair values of held-to-maturity securities were $6,421,299 and $6,663,066 at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

3


FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
INTEREST INCOME
 
 
 
Advances
$
79,519

 
$
86,488

Prepayment fees on advances, net
4,302

 
1,193

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
2,189

 
540

Federal funds sold
511

 
2,401

Trading securities
2,550

 
5,397

Available-for-sale securities
14,415

 
18,188

Held-to-maturity securities
38,723

 
39,928

Prepayment fees on investments
87

 
14

Mortgage loans held for portfolio
34,765

 
38,334

Total interest income
177,061

 
192,483

INTEREST EXPENSE
 
 
 
Consolidated obligations - bonds
106,827

 
120,126

Consolidated obligations - discount notes
1,583

 
5,139

Deposits
18

 
129

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
290

 
136

Other borrowings
1

 
2

Total interest expense
108,719

 
125,532

NET INTEREST INCOME
68,342

 
66,951

(Reduction of) provision for credit losses
(1,151
)
 
51

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER (REDUCTION OF) PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
69,493

 
66,900

OTHER INCOME (LOSS)
 
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses on investment securities
(6,378
)
 
(6,787
)
Net amount of impairment losses reclassified to (from) accumulated other comprehensive loss
3,418

 
(23,797
)
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses on investment securities, credit portion
(2,960
)
 
(30,584
)
Service fees
1,499

 
2,045

Net unrealized losses on trading securities
(2,098
)
 
(1,897
)
Net gains on derivatives and hedging activities
1,739

 
1,821

Realized gain from sale of available-for-sale securities

 
8,369

Other
105

 
154

Total other loss
(1,715
)
 
(20,092
)
OTHER EXPENSE
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
8,872

 
8,171

Other operating expenses
4,252

 
4,375

Federal Housing Finance Agency (Finance Agency)
1,325

 
1,298

Office of Finance
705

 
940

Other
592

 
536

Total other expense
15,746

 
15,320

INCOME BEFORE ASSESSMENTS
52,032

 
31,488

AHP
5,232

 
2,584

Resolution Funding Corporation (REFCorp)

 
5,781

Total assessments
5,232

 
8,365

NET INCOME
$
46,800

 
$
23,123

 



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

4


FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2012 and 2011
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Net income
 
$
46,800

 
$
23,123

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains
 
849

 
3,632

Reclassification adjustment for realized gain included in net income
 

 
(8,369
)
Total net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
 
849

 
(4,737
)
Net noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
 
 
 
 
Noncredit portion
 
(4,365
)
 
(5,026
)
Reclassification adjustment for noncredit component included in net income
 
947

 
28,823

Accretion of noncredit portion
 
20,070

 
47,989

Total net noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
 
16,652

 
71,786

Net unrealized (losses) gains relating to hedging activities
 
 
 
 
Unrealized losses
 
(3,002
)
 

Reclassification adjustment for previously deferred hedging gains and losses included in net income
 
4

 
3

Total net unrealized (losses) gains relating to hedging activities
 
(2,998
)
 
3

Pension and postretirement benefits
 
76

 
25

Total other comprehensive income
 
14,579

 
67,077

Total comprehensive income
 
$
61,379

 
$
90,200



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


5



FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
STATEMENTS OF CAPITAL
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2012 AND 2011
(dollars and shares in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
 
Capital Stock
Class B – Putable
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Loss
 
 
 
Shares
 
Par Value
 
Unrestricted
 
Restricted
 
Total
 
 
Total
Capital
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2010
36,644

 
$
3,664,425

 
$
249,191

 
$

 
$
249,191

 
$
(638,111
)
 
$
3,275,505

Proceeds from sale of capital stock
16

 
1,584

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,584

Shares reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock
(200
)
 
(20,000
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(20,000
)
Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
23,123

 

 
23,123

 
67,077

 
90,200

Cash dividends on capital stock
 
 
 
 
(2,770
)
 
 
 
(2,770
)
 
 
 
(2,770
)
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2011
36,460

 
$
3,646,009

 
$
269,544

 
$

 
$
269,544

 
$
(571,034
)
 
$
3,344,519

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2011
36,253

 
$
3,625,348

 
$
375,158

 
$
22,939

 
$
398,097

 
$
(534,411
)
 
$
3,489,034

Proceeds from sale of capital stock
147

 
14,620

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14,620

Repurchase of capital stock
(2,374
)
 
(237,412
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(237,412
)
Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
37,440

 
9,360

 
46,800

 
14,579

 
61,379

Cash dividends on capital stock
 
 
 
 
(4,444
)
 
 
 
(4,444
)
 
 
 
(4,444
)
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2012
34,026

 
$
3,402,556

 
$
408,154

 
$
32,299

 
$
440,453

 
$
(519,832
)
 
$
3,323,177



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


6


FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 

 
 

Net income
$
46,800

 
$
23,123

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 

 
 
Depreciation and amortization
(3,573
)
 
(316
)
(Reduction of) provision for credit losses
(1,151
)
 
51

Change in net fair value adjustments on derivatives and hedging activities
49,596

 
(21,224
)
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses on investment securities, credit portion
2,960

 
30,584

Realized gain from sale of available-for-sale securities

 
(8,369
)
Other adjustments
(28
)
 
(146
)
Net change in:
 

 
 
Market value of trading securities
2,098

 
1,897

Accrued interest receivable
11,784

 
19,362

Other assets
(5,831
)
 
1,366

Accrued interest payable
27,990

 
18,121

Other liabilities
2,853

 
4,273

Total adjustments
86,698

 
45,599

Net cash provided by operating activities
133,498

 
68,722

 
 
 
 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 

 
 

Net change in:
 

 
 

Interest-bearing deposits
(115
)
 
(47
)
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
2,900,000

 
1,925,000

Federal funds sold
(105,000
)
 
(1,550,000
)
Premises, software, and equipment
(107
)
 
(104
)
Trading securities:
 

 
 

Net increase in short-term

 
(35,000
)
Proceeds from long-term
1,081

 
1,111

Available-for-sale securities:
 

 
 

Proceeds from long-term
521,499

 
1,506,452

Purchases of long-term
(698,491
)
 
(492,011
)
Held-to-maturity securities:
 

 
 

Proceeds from long-term
333,660

 
376,270

Purchases of long-term

 
(489,575
)
Advances to members:
 

 
 

Proceeds
22,120,131

 
44,133,804

Disbursements
(21,860,085
)
 
(42,130,996
)
Mortgage loans held for portfolio:
 

 
 

Proceeds
189,335

 
211,503

Purchases
(250,428
)
 
(135,596
)
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets
1,558

 
2,751

Net cash provided by investing activities
3,153,038

 
3,323,562

 
 
 
 
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 

 
 

Net change in deposits
87,747

 
65,326

Net payments on derivative contracts with a financing element
(6,228
)
 
(8,403
)
Net proceeds from issuance of consolidated obligations:
 

 
 


7


Discount notes
34,737,933

 
225,522,901

Bonds
2,691,626

 
1,925,539

Payments for maturing and retiring consolidated obligations:
 

 
 

Discount notes
(36,556,041
)
 
(227,553,487
)
Bonds
(4,005,700
)
 
(2,955,000
)
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock
14,620

 
1,584

Payments for redemption of mandatorily redeemable capital stock
(12,570
)
 
(3,469
)
Payments for repurchase of capital stock
(237,412
)
 

Cash dividends paid
(4,443
)
 
(2,770
)
Net cash used in financing activities
(3,290,468
)
 
(3,007,779
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and due from banks
(3,932
)
 
384,505

Cash and due from banks at beginning of the year
112,094

 
6,151

Cash and due from banks at end of the period
$
108,162

 
$
390,656

Supplemental disclosures:
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
102,481

 
$
127,518

AHP payments
$
502

 
$
1,930

Noncash transfers of mortgage loans held for portfolio to real estate owned (REO)
$
2,883

 
$
2,862



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

8


FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary have been included. All such adjustments consist of normal recurring accruals. The presentation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2012. The unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston's audited financial statements and related notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) on March 23, 2012 (the 2011 Annual Report). Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, all references in this discussion to “the Bank,” "we," "us," "our," or similar references mean the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston.

Note 2 — Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Interpretations
 
Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. On December 16, 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (the IASB) issued common disclosure requirements intended to help investors and other financial statement users better assess the effect or potential effect of offsetting arrangements on a company's financial position, whether a company's financial statements are prepared on the basis of GAAP or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This guidance will require us to disclose both gross and net information about financial instruments, including derivative instruments, which are either offset on our statement of condition or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. This guidance will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2013, and will be applied retrospectively for all comparative periods presented. The adoption of this guidance will result in increased interim and annual financial statement disclosures, but will not affect our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Presentation of Comprehensive Income. On June 16, 2011, the FASB issued guidance to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements. This guidance requires an entity that reports items of other comprehensive income to present comprehensive income in either a single financial statement or in two consecutive financial statements. In a single continuous statement, an entity is required to present the components of net income and total net income, the components of other comprehensive income, and a total for other comprehensive income, as well as a total for comprehensive income. In a two-statement approach, an entity is required to present the components of net income and total net income in its statement of net income. The statement of other comprehensive income should follow immediately and include the components of other comprehensive income as well as totals for both other comprehensive income and comprehensive income. This guidance eliminates the option to present other comprehensive income in the statement of changes in stockholders' equity. We have elected the two-statement approach for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2012, and we have applied this guidance retrospectively for all periods presented. The adoption of this guidance is limited to the presentation of our interim and annual financial statements and did not affect our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. See Note 15 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for disclosures required under this amended guidance.

On December 23, 2011, the FASB issued guidance to defer the effective date of the new requirement to present
reclassifications of items out of accumulated other comprehensive income in the income statement. This guidance was effective
for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2012. We adopted the remaining guidance contained in the new accounting standard for the presentation of comprehensive income.

Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in GAAP and IFRS. On May 12, 2011, the FASB and the IASB issued substantially converged guidance on fair-value measurement and disclosure requirements. This guidance clarifies how fair value accounting should be applied where its use is already required or permitted by other guidance within GAAP or IFRS. These amendments do not require additional fair-value measurements. This guidance generally represents clarifications to the application of existing fair-value measurement and disclosure requirements, as well as some instances where a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or disclosing information about fair-value measurements has changed. This guidance became effective for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2012, and will be applied prospectively. The adoption of this guidance resulted in additional interim and annual financial statement disclosures, but did not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. See Note 17 — Fair Value for disclosures under this

9


amended guidance.

Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements. On April 29, 2011, the FASB issued guidance to improve the accounting for repurchase agreements and other agreements that both entitle and obligate a transferor to repurchase or redeem financial assets before their maturity. This guidance amends the existing criteria for determining whether or not a transferor has retained effective control over financial assets transferred under a repurchase agreement. A secured borrowing is recorded when effective control over the transferred financial assets is maintained while a sale is recorded when effective control over the transferred financial assets has not been maintained. The new guidance removes from the assessment of effective control: (1) the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem financial assets before their maturity on substantially the agreed terms, even in the event of the transferee's default, and (2) the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion. This guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning on January 1, 2012, and was applied prospectively to transactions or modifications of existing transactions that occurred on or after the effective date. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Recently Issued Regulatory Guidance

Framework for Adversely Classifying Loans, Other Real Estate Owned, and Other Assets and Listing Assets for Special Mention. On April 9, 2012, the Finance Agency issued Advisory Bulletin 2012-02, Framework for Adversely Classifying Loans, Other Real Estate Owned, and Other Assets and Listing Assets for Special Mention (AB 2012-02). The guidance establishes a standard and uniform methodology for classifying loans, REO, and certain other assets excluding investment securities, and prescribes the timing of asset charge-offs. The guidance in AB 2012-02 is generally consistent with the Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy issued by the federal banking regulators in June 2000. AB 2012-02 was effective upon issuance. We are currently assessing the effect, if any, that this guidance will have on our results of operations or financial condition.

Note 3 — Trading Securities
 
Major Security Types. Our trading securities as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, were (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Mortgage-backed securities (MBS)
 

 
 
United States (U.S.) government-guaranteed – residential
$
18,344

 
$
18,880

Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) – residential
6,197

 
6,663

GSEs – commercial
246,443

 
248,621

Total
$
270,984

 
$
274,164


Net unrealized losses on trading securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, amounted to $2.1 million and $1.9 million for securities held on March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

We do not participate in speculative trading practices and typically hold these investments over a longer time horizon.

Note 4 — Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Major Security Types. Our available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2012, were (dollars in thousands):
 

10


 
 
 
Amounts Recorded in
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
 
 
Amortized
Cost (1)
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
 Value
Supranational institutions
$
486,123

 
$

 
$
(35,085
)
 
$
451,038

Corporate bonds (2)
510,233

 
1,449

 

 
511,682

U.S. government-owned corporations
316,312

 

 
(49,205
)
 
267,107

GSEs
2,335,812

 
46,188

 
(17,257
)
 
2,364,743

 
3,648,480

 
47,637

 
(101,547
)
 
3,594,570

MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government guaranteed – residential
86,105

 
455

 

 
86,560

GSEs – residential
1,821,959

 
7,766

 
(1,556
)
 
1,828,169

GSEs – commercial
103,338

 

 
(466
)
 
102,872

 
2,011,402

 
8,221

 
(2,022
)
 
2,017,601

Total
$
5,659,882

 
$
55,858

 
$
(103,569
)
 
$
5,612,171

_______________________
(1)         Amortized cost of available-for-sale securities includes adjustments made to the cost basis of an investment for accretion, amortization, collection of cash, and fair value hedge accounting adjustments.
(2)
Consists of corporate debentures guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC) under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. The FDIC guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

Our available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2011, were (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Amounts Recorded in
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
 
 
Amortized
Cost (1)
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
 Value
Supranational institutions
$
504,630

 
$

 
$
(35,388
)
 
$
469,242

Corporate bonds (2)
561,942

 
2,370

 

 
564,312

U.S. government-owned corporations
338,169

 

 
(53,325
)
 
284,844

GSEs
2,750,131

 
52,020

 
(19,730
)
 
2,782,421

 
4,154,872

 
54,390

 
(108,443
)
 
4,100,819

MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government guaranteed – residential
90,882

 
346

 

 
91,228

GSEs – residential
978,998

 
5,810

 

 
984,808

GSEs – commercial
104,007

 

 
(663
)
 
103,344

 
1,173,887

 
6,156

 
(663
)
 
1,179,380

Total
$
5,328,759

 
$
60,546

 
$
(109,106
)
 
$
5,280,199

_______________________
(1)         Amortized cost of available-for-sale securities includes adjustments made to the cost basis of an investment for accretion, amortization, collection of cash, and fair value hedge accounting adjustments.
(2)         Consists of corporate debentures guaranteed by the FDIC under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. The FDIC guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

As of March 31, 2012, the amortized cost of our available-for-sale securities included net premiums of $78.4 million. Of that amount, $72.7 million of net premiums related to non-MBS and $5.7 million of net premiums related to MBS. As of December 31, 2011, the amortized cost of our available-for-sale securities included net premiums of $77.2 million. Of that amount, $81.0 million of net premiums related to non-MBS and $3.8 million of net discounts related to MBS.

At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, 22.2 percent and 25.4 percent, respectively, of our fixed-rate available-for-sale securities were swapped to a floating rate.

The following table summarizes our available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses as of March 31, 2012, which are aggregated by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss

11


position (dollars in thousands): 
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
Supranational institutions
$

 
$

 
$
451,038

 
$
(35,085
)
 
$
451,038

 
$
(35,085
)
U.S. government-owned corporations

 

 
267,107

 
(49,205
)
 
267,107

 
(49,205
)
GSEs

 

 
115,476

 
(17,257
)
 
115,476

 
(17,257
)
 

 

 
833,621

 
(101,547
)
 
833,621

 
(101,547
)
MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

GSEs – residential
369,551

 
(1,556
)
 

 

 
369,551

 
(1,556
)
GSEs – commercial

 

 
102,872

 
(466
)
 
102,872

 
(466
)
 
369,551

 
(1,556
)
 
102,872

 
(466
)
 
472,423

 
(2,022
)
Total temporarily impaired
$
369,551

 
$
(1,556
)
 
$
936,493

 
$
(102,013
)
 
$
1,306,044

 
$
(103,569
)

The following table summarizes our available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2011, which are aggregated by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
Supranational institutions
$

 
$

 
$
469,242

 
$
(35,388
)
 
$
469,242

 
$
(35,388
)
U.S. government-owned corporations

 

 
284,844

 
(53,325
)
 
284,844

 
(53,325
)
GSEs

 

 
121,025

 
(19,730
)
 
121,025

 
(19,730
)
 

 

 
875,111

 
(108,443
)
 
875,111

 
(108,443
)
MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

GSEs – commercial

 

 
103,344

 
(663
)
 
103,344

 
(663
)
 

 

 
103,344

 
(663
)
 
103,344

 
(663
)
Total temporarily impaired
$

 
$

 
$
978,455

 
$
(109,106
)
 
$
978,455

 
$
(109,106
)
 
Redemption Terms. The amortized cost and fair value of our available-for-sale securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, were (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Year of Maturity
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
 Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
 Value
Due in one year or less
$
966,594

 
$
970,132

 
$
1,213,636

 
$
1,217,440

Due after one year through five years
1,746,718

 
1,790,817

 
1,957,683

 
2,008,268

Due after five years through 10 years

 

 

 

Due after 10 years
935,168

 
833,621

 
983,553

 
875,111

 
3,648,480

 
3,594,570

 
4,154,872

 
4,100,819

MBS (1)
2,011,402

 
2,017,601

 
1,173,887

 
1,179,380

Total
$
5,659,882

 
$
5,612,171

 
$
5,328,759

 
$
5,280,199

_______________________
(1)
MBS are not presented by contractual maturity because their expected maturities will likely differ from contractual maturities because borrowers of the underlying loans may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment fees.

Sale of Available-for-Sale Securities. We did not sell any available-for-sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2012. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we received proceeds of $1.4 billion from the sale of available-for-sale securities and recognized a gain of $8.4 million on the sale.

Note 5 — Held-to-Maturity Securities
 

12


Major Security Types. Our held-to-maturity securities as of March 31, 2012, were (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Amortized Cost
 
Other-Than-
Temporary
Impairment
Recognized in
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Carrying
Value
 
Gross
Unrecognized
Holding
Gains
 
Gross
Unrecognized
Holding
Losses
 
Fair Value
U.S. agency obligations
$
17,531

 
$

 
$
17,531

 
$
1,637

 
$

 
$
19,168

State or local housing-finance-agency obligations (HFA securities)
199,554

 

 
199,554

 
82

 
(26,555
)
 
173,081

GSEs
70,528

 

 
70,528

 
2,317

 

 
72,845

 
287,613

 

 
287,613

 
4,036

 
(26,555
)
 
265,094

MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government guaranteed – residential
48,154

 

 
48,154

 
941

 

 
49,095

U.S. government guaranteed – commercial
470,484

 

 
470,484

 
6,309

 

 
476,793

GSEs – residential
2,859,802

 

 
2,859,802

 
79,245

 
(955
)
 
2,938,092

GSEs – commercial
1,170,116

 

 
1,170,116

 
82,671

 

 
1,252,787

Private-label – residential
1,891,964

 
(433,066
)
 
1,458,898

 
43,490

 
(94,818
)
 
1,407,570

Private-label – commercial
10,545

 

 
10,545

 
536

 

 
11,081

Asset-backed securities (ABS) backed by home equity loans
27,050

 
(1,278
)
 
25,772

 
134

 
(5,119
)
 
20,787

 
6,478,115

 
(434,344
)
 
6,043,771

 
213,326

 
(100,892
)
 
6,156,205

Total
$
6,765,728

 
$
(434,344
)
 
$
6,331,384

 
$
217,362

 
$
(127,447
)
 
$
6,421,299


Our held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2011, were (dollars in thousands):
 
Amortized Cost
 
Other-Than-
Temporary
Impairment
Recognized in
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Carrying
Value
 
Gross
Unrecognized
Holding
Gains
 
Gross
Unrecognized
Holding
Losses
 
Fair Value
U.S. agency obligations
$
18,721

 
$

 
$
18,721

 
$
1,697

 
$

 
$
20,418

HFA securities
202,438

 

 
202,438

 
61

 
(34,459
)
 
168,040

GSEs
70,950

 

 
70,950

 
2,510

 

 
73,460

 
292,109

 

 
292,109

 
4,268

 
(34,459
)
 
261,918

MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government guaranteed – residential
50,912

 

 
50,912

 
934

 

 
51,846

U.S. government guaranteed – commercial
483,938

 

 
483,938

 
4,685

 

 
488,623

GSEs – residential
3,024,212

 

 
3,024,212

 
78,548

 
(1,105
)
 
3,101,655

GSEs – commercial
1,247,688

 

 
1,247,688

 
86,252

 

 
1,333,940

Private-label – residential
1,969,237

 
(449,654
)
 
1,519,583

 
18,789

 
(145,285
)
 
1,393,087

Private-label – commercial
10,541

 

 
10,541

 
549

 

 
11,090

ABS backed by home equity loans
27,367

 
(1,342
)
 
26,025

 
128

 
(5,246
)
 
20,907

 
6,813,895

 
(450,996
)
 
6,362,899

 
189,885

 
(151,636
)
 
6,401,148

Total
$
7,106,004

 
$
(450,996
)
 
$
6,655,008

 
$
194,153

 
$
(186,095
)
 
$
6,663,066


As of March 31, 2012, the amortized cost of our held-to-maturity securities included net discounts of $527.0 million. Of that amount, net premiums of $3.2 million related to non-MBS and net discounts of $530.2 million related to MBS. As of December

13


31, 2011, the amortized cost of our held-to-maturity securities included net discounts of $536.4 million. Of that amount, net premiums of $3.6 million related to non-MBS and net discounts of $540.0 million related to MBS.

The following table summarizes our held-to-maturity securities with unrealized losses as of March 31, 2012, which are aggregated by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (dollars in thousands). 
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
HFA securities
$
379

 
$
(1
)
 
$
157,606

 
$
(26,554
)
 
$
157,985

 
$
(26,555
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

GSEs – residential
172,485

 
(334
)
 
85,743

 
(621
)
 
258,228

 
(955
)
Private-label – residential
18,469

 
(4,527
)
 
1,378,142

 
(480,369
)
 
1,396,611

 
(484,896
)
ABS backed by home equity loans
654

 
(5
)
 
20,133

 
(6,258
)
 
20,787

 
(6,263
)
 
191,608

 
(4,866
)
 
1,484,018

 
(487,248
)
 
1,675,626

 
(492,114
)
Total
$
191,987

 
$
(4,867
)
 
$
1,641,624

 
$
(513,802
)
 
$
1,833,611

 
$
(518,669
)

The following table summarizes our held-to-maturity securities with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2011, which are aggregated by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (dollars in thousands). 
 
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
 Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
HFA securities
$
418

 
$
(2
)
 
$
150,968

 
$
(34,457
)
 
$
151,386

 
$
(34,459
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

GSEs – residential
239,995

 
(558
)
 
41,723

 
(547
)
 
281,718

 
(1,105
)
Private-label – residential
18,922

 
(4,138
)
 
1,369,550

 
(572,326
)
 
1,388,472

 
(576,464
)
ABS backed by home equity loans

 

 
20,906

 
(6,463
)
 
20,906

 
(6,463
)
 
258,917

 
(4,696
)
 
1,432,179

 
(579,336
)
 
1,691,096

 
(584,032
)
Total
$
259,335

 
$
(4,698
)
 
$
1,583,147

 
$
(613,793
)
 
$
1,842,482

 
$
(618,491
)

Redemption Terms. The amortized cost and fair value of our held-to-maturity securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, are shown below (dollars in thousands). Expected maturities of some securities and MBS may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers of the underlying loans may have the right to call or prepay their obligations with or without call or prepayment fees.
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Year of Maturity
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value (1)
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value (1)
 
Fair
Value
Due in one year or less
$
1,360

 
$
1,360

 
$
1,377

 
$
1,360

 
$
1,360

 
$
1,369

Due after one year through five years
70,908

 
70,908

 
73,223

 
71,370

 
71,370

 
73,878

Due after five years through 10 years
37,216

 
37,216

 
38,607

 
38,405

 
38,405

 
39,733

Due after 10 years
178,129

 
178,129

 
151,887

 
180,974

 
180,974

 
146,938

 
287,613

 
287,613

 
265,094

 
292,109

 
292,109

 
261,918

MBS (2)
6,478,115

 
6,043,771

 
6,156,205

 
6,813,895

 
6,362,899

 
6,401,148

Total
$
6,765,728

 
$
6,331,384

 
$
6,421,299

 
$
7,106,004

 
$
6,655,008

 
$
6,663,066

_______________________
(1)         Carrying value of held-to-maturity securities represents the sum of amortized cost and the amount of noncredit-related other-than-temporary impairment recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss.
(2)
MBS are not presented by contractual maturity because their expected maturities will likely differ from contractual maturities because borrowers of the underlying loans may have the right to call or prepay their obligations with or without call or prepayment fees.

14



Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

We evaluate our individual available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities for other-than-temporary impairment each quarter. As part of our evaluation of securities for other-than-temporary impairment, we consider whether we intend to sell each security for which fair value is less than amortized cost or whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost. If either of these conditions is met, we recognize an other-than-temporary impairment charge in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security's amortized cost basis and its fair value at the statement of condition date. For securities in an unrealized loss position that meet neither of these conditions and for all residential private-label MBS, we perform a cash-flow analysis to determine whether the entire amortized cost basis of these impaired securities, including all previously other-than-temporarily impaired securities, will be recovered. If we do not expect to recover the entire amount, the unrealized loss position is considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired. We evaluate the security's other-than-temporary impairment to determine the amount of credit loss recognized in earnings, which is limited to the amount of that security's unrealized loss.

Available-for-Sale Securities

As a result of these evaluations, we determined that none of our available-for-sale securities were other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2012. At March 31, 2012, we held certain available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position. These unrealized losses reflect the impact of normal yield and spread fluctuations attendant with security markets. These losses are considered temporary as we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis on these available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position and neither intend to sell these securities nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of each security's remaining amortized cost basis. Additionally, there have been no shortfalls of principal or interest on any available-for-sale security. Regarding securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2012:
 
Debentures issued by a supranational institution that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2012, are expected to return contractual principal and interest, based on our review and analysis of independent third-party credit reports on the supranational institution, and such supranational institution is rated triple-A (or equivalent) by each of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs).
 
Debentures issued by U.S. government corporations are not obligations of the U.S. government and not guaranteed by the U.S. government. However, these securities are rated at the same level as the U.S. government by the NRSROs. These ratings reflect the U.S. government's implicit support of the government corporation as well as the entity's underlying business and financial risk.
  
We have concluded that the probability of default on debt issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) is remote given their status as GSEs and their support from the U.S. government. Further, MBS issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which we sometimes refer to as agency MBS in this report, are backed by mortgage loans conforming with those GSEs' underwriting requirements and the GSEs' guarantees of the full return of principal and interest.

Held-to-Maturity Securities

HFA Securities. We have reviewed our investments in HFA securities and have determined that unrealized losses reflect the impact of normal market yield and spread fluctuations and illiquidity in the credit markets. We have determined that all unrealized losses are temporary given the creditworthiness of the issuers and the underlying collateral, including an assessment of past payment history (no shortfalls of principal or interest), property vacancy rates, debt service ratios, over-collateralization and other credit enhancement, and third-party bond insurance as applicable. As of March 31, 2012, none of our held-to-maturity investments in HFA securities were rated below investment grade by an NRSRO. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and credit spreads and illiquidity in the credit markets and not to a significant deterioration in the fundamental credit quality of these obligations, and because we do not intend to sell the investments nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost basis, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2012.
 
Agency MBS. For agency MBS, we determined that the strength of the issuers' guarantees through direct obligation or support from the U.S. government is sufficient to protect us from losses based on current expectations. Additionally, there have been no shortfalls of principal or interest on any security. As a result, we have determined that, as of March 31, 2012, all of the gross unrealized losses on such MBS are temporary. We do not believe that the declines in market value of these securities are

15


attributable to credit quality, and because we do not intend to sell the investments, nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost basis, we do not consider any of these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2012.

Private-Label Residential MBS and ABS Backed by Home Equity Loans. To ensure consistency in determination of the other-than-temporary impairment for private-label residential MBS and certain home equity loan investments (including home equity ABS) among all Federal Home Loan Banks (the FHLBanks or the FHLBank System), the FHLBanks enhanced their overall other-than-temporary impairment process in 2009 by implementing a systemwide governance committee (the OTTI Governance Committee) and establishing a formal process to ensure consistency in key other-than-temporary impairment modeling assumptions used for purposes of their cash-flow analyses for the majority of these securities. We use the FHLBanks' common framework and approved assumptions for purposes of our other-than-temporary impairment cash-flow analyses of our private-label residential MBS and certain home equity loan investments. For certain private-label residential MBS and home equity loan investments where underlying collateral data is not available, we have used alternative procedures to assess these securities for other-than-temporary impairment. We are responsible for making our own determination of impairment and the reasonableness of assumptions, inputs, and methodologies used and for performing the required present value calculations using appropriate historical cost bases and yields.
 
Our evaluation includes estimating the projected cash flows that we are likely to collect based on an assessment of all available information, including the structure of the applicable security and certain assumptions to determine whether we will recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, such as:

the remaining payment terms for the security;
prepayment speeds;
default rates;
loss severity on the collateral supporting each security based on underlying loan-level borrower and loan characteristics;
expected housing price changes; and
interest-rate assumptions.

In performing a detailed cash-flow analysis, we identify the best estimate of the cash flows expected to be collected. If this estimate results in a present value of expected cash flows (discounted at the security's effective yield) that is less than the amortized cost basis of a security (that is, a credit loss exists), other-than-temporary impairment is considered to have occurred. For determining the present value of variable-rate and hybrid private-label residential MBS, we use the effective interest rate derived from a variable-rate index such as one-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus the contractual spread, plus or minus a fixed-spread adjustment when there is an existing discount or premium on the security. As the implied forward curve of the index changes over time, the effective interest rates derived from that index will also change over time.
 
In accordance with related guidance from the Finance Agency, our primary regulator, we have contracted with the FHLBanks of San Francisco and Chicago to perform the cash-flow analysis underlying our other-than-temporary impairment decisions in certain instances. In the event that neither the FHLBank of San Francisco nor the FHLBank of Chicago has the ability to model a particular MBS that we own, we project the expected cash flows for that security based on our expectations as to how the underlying collateral and impact on deal structure resultant from collateral cash flows are forecasted to occur over time. These assumptions are based on factors including, but not limited to loan-level data for each security and modeling variables expectations for securities similar in nature modeled by either the FHLBank of San Francisco or the FHLBank of Chicago. We form these expectations for those securities by reviewing, when available, loan-level data for each such security, and, when such loan-level data is not available for a security, by reviewing loan-level data for similar loan pools as a proxy for such data.
 
Specifically, we have contracted with the FHLBank of San Francisco to perform cash-flow analyses for our residential private-label MBS other than subprime private-label MBS, and with the FHLBank of Chicago to perform cash-flow analyses for our subprime private-label MBS. The following table provides additional data on who performs these cash-flow analyses for us (dollars in thousands).
 
March 31, 2012
 
Number of
Securities
 
Par
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
FHLBank of San Francisco
167
 
$
2,348,384

 
$
1,835,389

 
$
1,416,163

 
$
1,369,304

FHLBank of Chicago
16
 
$
23,403

 
$
22,720

 
$
21,546

 
$
17,603

Our own cash-flow projections
13
 
$
71,436

 
$
57,508

 
$
43,564

 
$
37,945


16



To assess whether the entire amortized cost basis of private-label residential MBS will be recovered, cash-flow analyses for each of our private-label residential MBS were performed. These analyses use two third-party models.
 
The first third-party model considers borrower characteristics and the particular attributes of the loans underlying our securities, in conjunction with the assumptions about future changes in home prices and interest rates, and projects prepayments, defaults, and loss severities. A significant input to the first model is the forecast of future housing-price changes for the relevant states and core-based statistical areas (CBSAs), which are based upon an assessment of the individual housing markets. The term CBSA refers collectively to metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget. As currently defined, a CBSA must contain at least one core urban area with a population of 10,000 or more people, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties. Our housing-price forecast as of March 31, 2012, assumed current-to-trough home price declines ranging from 0.0 percent (for those housing markets that are believed to have reached their trough) to 8.0 percent. For those markets for which further home price declines are anticipated, such declines were projected to occur over the three- to nine-month period beginning January 1, 2012. From the trough, home prices were projected to recover using one of five different recovery paths that vary by housing market. Under those recovery paths, home prices were projected to increase as follows:
Months
 
Recovery Range of Annualized Rates
1 - 6
 
0.0

to
2.8
7 - 18
 
0.0

to
3.0
19 - 24
 
1.0

to
4.0
25 - 30
 
2.0

to
4.0
31 - 42
 
2.0

to
5.0
43 - 66
 
2.0

to
6.0
Thereafter
 
2.3

to
5.6

The month-by-month projections of future loan performance are derived from the first model to determine projected prepayments, defaults, and loss severities. These projections are then input into a second model that calculates the projected loan-level cash flows and then allocates those cash flows and losses among the various classes in the securitization structure in accordance with the cash-flow and loss-allocation rules prescribed by the securitization structure. In a securitization in which the credit enhancement for the senior securities is derived from the presence of subordinate securities, losses are generally allocated first to the subordinate securities until their principal balance is reduced to zero. The projected cash flows are based on a number of assumptions and expectations and the results of these models can vary significantly with changes in assumptions and expectations. The scenario of cash flows determined based on the model approach described above reflects a best estimate scenario and includes a base case current-to-trough housing price forecast and a base case housing price recovery path described in the prior paragraph.
 
We do not intend to sell these securities and believe it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of each security's remaining amortized cost basis. We recorded other-than-temporary impairment credit losses of $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. For held-to-maturity securities, the noncredit portion of an other-than-temporary impairment charge that is recognized in other comprehensive income is accreted from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the carrying value of the security over the remaining life of the security in a prospective manner based on the amount and timing of estimated cash flows. This accretion continues until the security is sold or matures, or an additional other-than-temporary impairment charge is recorded in earnings, which could result in a reclassification adjustment and the establishment of a new amount to be accreted. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, we accreted $20.1 million of noncredit impairment from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the carrying value of held-to-maturity securities. For certain other-than-temporarily impaired securities that were previously impaired and have subsequently incurred additional credit losses during the three months ended March 31, 2012, the additional credit losses, up to the amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss, were reclassified out of noncredit-related losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss and charged to earnings. This amount was $947,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
For those securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment was determined to have occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2012 (that is, a determination was made that less than the entire amortized cost basis is expected to be recovered), the following table presents a summary of the average projected values over the remaining lives of the securities for the significant inputs used to measure the amount of the credit loss recognized in earnings, as well as related current credit enhancement. Credit enhancement is defined as the percentage of subordinated tranches, over-collateralization, and other credit

17


enhancement, if any, in a security structure that will generally absorb losses before we will experience a loss on the security. The calculated averages represent the dollar-weighted averages of all the private-label residential MBS and home equity loan investments in each category shown (dollars in thousands). We note that we have instituted litigation on certain of the private-label MBS in which we have invested. Our complaint asserts among others, claims for untrue or misleading statements in the sale of securities. It is possible that classifications of private-label MBS as provided herein when based on classification at the time of issuance (as per the following tables in this Note 6, for example), as well as other statements about the securities, are inaccurate.
 
 
 
 
 
Significant Inputs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected
Prepayment Rates
 
Projected
Default Rates
 
Projected
Loss Severities
 
Current
Credit Enhancement
Private-label MBS by
Year of Securitization
 
Par Value
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
Private-label residential MBS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alt-A (1)
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

2007
 
$
26,787

 
2.9
%
 
2.2 - 4.9

 
67.9
%
 
57.1 - 78.6

 
48.9
%
 
44.3 - 56.9

 
18.6
%
 
0.0 - 41.1

2006
 
80,408

 
4.9

 
4.0 - 5.5

 
62.5

 
55.1 - 72.9

 
51.8

 
49.7 - 55.3

 
0.2

 
0.0 - 0.7

2005
 
7,185

 
4.3

 
4.3

 
63.7

 
63.7

 
44.1

 
44.1

 
46.0

 
46.0

Total
 
$
114,380

 
4.4
%
 
2.2 - 5.5

 
63.8
%
 
55.1 - 78.6

 
50.6
%
 
44.1 - 56.9

 
7.4
%
 
0.0 - 46.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ABS backed by home equity loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subprime (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2004 and prior
 
$
953

 
6.8
%
 
6.8
%
 
37.3
%
 
37.3
%
 
77.3
%
 
77.3
%
 
0.0
%
 
0.0
%
_______________________
(1)         Securities are classified in the table above based upon the current performance characteristics of the underlying loan pool and therefore the manner in which the loan pool backing the security has been modeled (as prime, Alt-A, or subprime), rather than the classification of the security at the time of issuance.
 
We own certain private-label MBS that are insured by third-party bond insurers (monoline insurers). Together with the other FHLBanks, we have performed analyses to assess the financial strength of these monoline insurers to establish an expected case regarding the time horizon of the bond insurers' ability to fulfill their financial obligations and provide credit support. The projected time horizon of credit protection provided by an insurer is a function of claims-paying resources and anticipated claims in the future. This assumption is referred to as the “burnout period” and is expressed in months. Of the five monoline insurers, the financial guarantee from Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp. is considered sufficient to cover all future claims and, therefore, the burnout analysis is not applicable as discussed above. Conversely, the burnout period for three monoline insurers, Syncora Guarantee Inc., Financial Guaranty Insurance Corp., and Ambac Assurance Corp., is not considered applicable due to regulatory intervention that has generally suspended all claims payments to effectively zero. For the remaining monoline insurer, MBIA Insurance Corp., the burnout period as of March 31, 2012, is three months, ending June 30, 2012. None of our securities that are guaranteed by MBIA Insurance Corp. were determined to have an other-than-temporary impairment credit loss at March 31, 2012.
 
The following table sets forth our securities for which other-than-temporary impairment credit losses were recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands). Securities are classified in the table below based on their classifications at the time of issuance.

 
March 31, 2012
Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Investment
Par
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
Private-label residential MBS – Alt-A
$
114,380

 
$
76,484

 
$
50,843

 
$
51,792

ABS backed by home equity loans – Subprime
953

 
638

 
466

 
537

Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
$
115,333

 
$
77,122

 
$
51,309

 
$
52,329

 
The following table sets forth our securities for which other-than-temporary impairment credit losses were recognized during the life of the security through March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands). Securities are classified in the table below based on their classifications at the time of issuance.
 

18


 
March 31, 2012
Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Investment
Par
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
Private-label residential MBS – Prime
$
76,567

 
$
65,880

 
$
48,545

 
$
54,054

Private-label residential MBS – Alt-A
1,927,766

 
1,411,784

 
996,053

 
1,007,658

ABS backed by home equity loans – Subprime
6,038

 
5,340

 
4,062

 
4,101

Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
$
2,010,371

 
$
1,483,004

 
$
1,048,660

 
$
1,065,813

 
The following table set forth other-than-temporary impairment credit losses that were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2012, by investment classification (dollars in thousands). Securities are classified in the table below based on the classification at the time of issuance.
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Investment
Total Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Losses on
Investment Securities
 
Net Amount of
Impairment Losses
Reclassified to (from)
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Net Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Losses on
Investment Securities, Credit Portion
Private-label residential MBS – Alt-A
$
(6,378
)
 
$
3,421

 
$
(2,957
)
ABS backed by home equity loans – Subprime

 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
$
(6,378
)
 
$
3,418

 
$
(2,960
)

The following table presents a roll-forward of the amounts related to credit losses recognized into earnings. The roll-forward is the amount of credit losses on investment securities on which we recognized a portion of other-than-temporary impairment charges into accumulated other comprehensive loss (dollars in thousands).
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
Balance at beginning of period
$
544,833

 
$
523,881

Additions:
 
 
 
Credit losses for which other-than-temporary impairment was not previously recognized

 
2

Additional credit losses for which an other-than-temporary impairment charge was previously recognized(1)
2,960

 
30,582

Reductions:
 
 
 
Securities matured during the period
(12,485
)
 
(13,444
)
Increase in cash flows expected to be collected which are recognized over the remaining life of the security
(1,446
)
 
(842
)
Balance at end of period
$
533,862

 
$
540,179

_______________________
(1)
For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, additional credit losses for which an other-than-temporary impairment charge was previously recognized relates to all securities that were also previously impaired prior to January 1, 2012 and 2011.

The following table presents a roll-forward of the amounts related to the net noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities included in accumulated other comprehensive loss (dollars in thousands).


19


 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
Balance at beginning of period
$
(450,996
)
 
$
(621,528
)
Amounts reclassified (to) from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
Noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
(4,365
)
 
(5,026
)
Reclassification adjustment of noncredit component of impairment losses included in net income relating to held-to-maturity securities
947

 
28,823

Net amount of impairment losses reclassified (to) from accumulated other comprehensive loss
(3,418
)
 
23,797

Accretion of noncredit portion of impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
20,070

 
47,989

Balance at end of period
$
(434,344
)
 
$
(549,742
)

Note 7 — Advances
 
General Terms. At both March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had advances outstanding with interest rates ranging from 0.00 percent to 8.37 percent, as summarized below (dollars in thousands). Advances with interest rates of 0.00 percent include AHP-subsidized advances.
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Year of Contractual Maturity
Amount
 
Weighted
Average
Rate
 
Amount
 
Weighted
Average
Rate
Overdrawn demand-deposit accounts
$
3,475

 
0.50
%
 
$
7,683

 
0.45
%
Due in one year or less
8,711,583

 
1.17

 
8,266,384

 
1.15

Due after one year through two years
5,086,056

 
1.91

 
5,563,728

 
1.98

Due after two years through three years
2,660,410

 
2.88

 
2,721,354

 
2.88

Due after three years through four years
2,030,385

 
2.90

 
1,997,587

 
2.96

Due after four years through five years
2,275,081

 
3.10

 
2,151,231

 
2.90

Thereafter
3,551,583

 
3.65

 
3,873,205

 
3.71

Total par value
24,318,573

 
2.20
%
 
24,581,172

 
2.23
%
Premiums
36,741

 
 

 
37,378

 
 

Discounts
(23,568
)
 
 

 
(23,748
)
 
 

Hedging adjustments
560,218

 
 

 
600,096

 
 

Total
$
24,891,964

 
 

 
$
25,194,898

 
 

 
We offer putable advances that provide us with the right to put the fixed-rate advance to the borrower (and thereby extinguish the advance) on predetermined exercise dates (put dates), and offer, subject to certain conditions, replacement funding at then-current advances rates. Generally, we would exercise the put options when interest rates increase. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had putable advances outstanding totaling $4.5 billion and $4.7 billion, respectively.
 
The following table sets forth our advances outstanding by the year of contractual maturity or next put date for putable advances (dollars in thousands):

20


 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Year of Contractual Maturity or Next Put Date
Par Value
 
Percentage
of Total
 
Par Value
 
Percentage
of Total
Overdrawn demand-deposit accounts
$
3,475

 
0.0
%
 
$
7,683

 
0.0
%
Due in one year or less
12,325,608

 
50.7

 
12,244,459

 
49.8

Due after one year through two years
4,759,206

 
19.5

 
4,975,328

 
20.2

Due after two years through three years
2,181,660

 
9.0

 
2,231,354

 
9.1

Due after three years through four years
1,850,885

 
7.6

 
1,797,337

 
7.3

Due after four years through five years
1,479,656

 
6.1

 
1,713,831

 
7.0

Thereafter
1,718,083

 
7.1

 
1,611,180

 
6.6

Total par value
$
24,318,573

 
100.0
%
 
$
24,581,172

 
100.0
%

We also offer callable advances that provide borrowers with the right, based upon predetermined option exercise dates, to call the advance prior to maturity without incurring prepayment or termination fees (callable advances). In exchange for receiving the right to call the advance on a predetermined call schedule, the borrower pays a higher fixed rate for the advance relative to an equivalent maturity, noncallable, fixed-rate advance. If the call option is exercised, replacement funding may be available. Other advances may only be prepaid by paying us a fee (a prepayment fee) that makes us financially indifferent to the prepayment of the advance. At both March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had callable advances outstanding totaling $2.5 million. These advances have maturity dates in 2014 and are callable in 2012.
  
Interest-Rate-Payment Types. The following table details interest-rate-payment types for our outstanding advances (dollars in thousands):
Par value of advances
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Fixed-rate
$
19,858,098

 
$
20,096,489

Variable-rate
4,460,475

 
4,484,683

Total par value
$
24,318,573

 
$
24,581,172


At March 31, 2012, 38.5 percent of our fixed-rate advances were swapped to a floating rate and 0.5 percent of our variable-rate advances were swapped to a different variable-rate index.

At December 31, 2011, 39.0 percent of our fixed-rate advances were swapped to a floating rate and 0.5 percent of our variable-rate advances were swapped to a different variable-rate index.

Credit Risk Exposure and Security Terms.

Our potential credit risk from advances is principally concentrated in commercial banks, savings institutions, insurance companies and credit unions. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had $7.1 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively, of outstanding advances that were greater than or equal to $1.0 billion per borrower. These advances were made to three borrowers at both March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, representing 29.1 percent and 30.0 percent, respectively, of total par value of outstanding advances.

We lend to our members and certain nonmember institutions that are eligible to borrow from us (referred to as housing associates) chartered within the six New England states in accordance with federal statutes, including the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932, as amended (the FHLBank Act). The FHLBank Act generally requires us to hold, or have access to, collateral to secure our advances. We maintain policies and procedures that are intended to manage credit risk including, without limitation, requirements for physical possession or control of pledged collateral, restrictions on borrowing, specific review of each advance request, verifications of collateral, and continuous monitoring of borrowings and the borrower's financial condition. Based on the collateral pledged as security for advances, management's credit analysis of the borrower's financial condition, and credit extension and collateral policies, we do not expect any losses on advances and expect to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the advances. Therefore, we have not provided any allowance for losses on advances. For information related to our credit risk on advances and allowance for credit losses, see Note 9 — Allowance for Credit Losses.

Note 8 — Mortgage Loans Held for Portfolio

21



We invest in mortgage loans through the Mortgage Partnership Finance® (MPF®) program. These investments are either guaranteed or insured by federal agencies (government mortgage loans) or are credit-enhanced by the related participating financial institution (conventional mortgage loans). All such investments are held for portfolio. The mortgage loans are typically originated, credit-enhanced, and serviced by the related participating financial institution. The majority of these loans are serviced by the originating institution. However, a portion of these loans are sold servicing-released by the participating financial institution and serviced by a third party servicer.

The following table presents certain characteristics of the mortgage loans in which we have invested (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Real estate
 

 
 

Fixed-rate 15-year single-family mortgages
$
645,559

 
$
646,539

Fixed-rate 20- and 30-year single-family mortgages
2,490,656

 
2,439,475

Premiums
40,751

 
35,420

Discounts
(5,248
)
 
(5,708
)
Deferred derivative gains and losses, net
1,334

 
1,297

Total mortgage loans held for portfolio
3,173,052

 
3,117,023

Less: allowance for credit losses
(6,595
)
 
(7,800
)
Total mortgage loans, net of allowance for credit losses
$
3,166,457

 
$
3,109,223

 
The following table details the par value of mortgage loans held for portfolio (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Conventional mortgage loans
$
2,826,765

 
$
2,777,100

Government mortgage loans
309,450

 
308,914

Total par value
$
3,136,215

 
$
3,086,014

 
See Note 9 — Allowance for Credit Losses for information related to our credit risk from our investments in mortgage loans and allowance for credit losses based on these investments.

























"Mortgage Partnership Finance," and "MPF," are registered trademarks of the FHLBank of Chicago.


22


Note 9 — Allowance for Credit Losses
Allowance for Credit Losses Policy
An allowance for credit losses is a valuation allowance separately established for each identified portfolio segment, if necessary, to provide for probable losses inherent in our portfolio as of the statement of condition date. To the extent necessary, an allowance for credit losses for off-balance-sheet credit exposure is recorded as a liability.
Portfolio Segments. We have established an allowance methodology for each of our portfolio segments. A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses.
Classes of Financing Receivables. Classes of financing receivables generally are a disaggregation of a portfolio segment to the extent that it is needed to understand the exposure to credit risk arising from these financing receivables. We determined that no further disaggregation of portfolio segments identified above is needed as we assessed and measured the credit risk arising from these financing receivables at the portfolio segment level.
Nonaccrual Loans. We place conventional mortgage loans on nonaccrual status when the collection of the contractual principal or interest is 90 days or more past due. When a conventional mortgage loan is placed on nonaccrual status, accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income in the current period. We generally record cash payments received on nonaccrual loans first as interest income and then as a reduction of principal as specified in the contractual agreement, unless the collection of the remaining principal amount due is considered doubtful. If the collection of the remaining principal amount due is considered doubtful, cash payments received would be applied first solely to principal until the remaining principal amount due is expected to be collected and then as a recovery of any charge-off, if applicable, followed by recording interest income. A loan on nonaccrual status may be restored to accrual status when the collection of the contractual principal and interest is less than 90 days past due. We do not place government mortgage loans on nonaccrual status when the collection of the contractual principal or interest is 90 days or more past due because of the U.S. government guarantee of the loan and the contractual obligations of each related servicer.
Impairment Methodology. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.
Loans that are on nonaccrual status and that are considered collateral-dependent are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying property less estimated selling costs. Loans are considered collateral-dependent if repayment is expected to be provided solely by the sale of the underlying property, that is, there is no other available and reliable source of repayment. Collateral-dependent loans are impaired if the fair value of the underlying collateral less estimated selling costs is insufficient to recover the unpaid principal balance on the loan. Interest income on impaired loans is recognized in the same manner as nonaccrual loans as discussed above.
Charge-Off Policy. We evaluate whether to record a charge-off on a conventional mortgage loan upon the occurrence of a confirming event. Confirming events include, but are not limited to, the occurrence of foreclosure or notification of a claim against any of the credit enhancements. A charge-off is recorded if we determine that the recorded investment in the loan is not likely to be recovered.
We have developed and documented a systematic methodology for determining an allowance for credit losses for our:
extensions of credit, such as our advances and letters of credit;
investments in government mortgage loans held for portfolio;
investments in conventional mortgage loans held for portfolio;
investments via term securities purchased under agreements to resell; and
investments via term federal funds sold.
Credit Products
We manage our credit exposure to credit products through an integrated approach that generally provides for a credit limit to be established for each borrower, includes an ongoing review of each borrower's financial condition, and is coupled with collateral and lending policies that are intended to limit risk of loss while balancing borrowers' needs for a reliable source of funding. In addition, we lend in accordance with the FHLBank Act, Finance Agency regulations, and other applicable laws. The FHLBank Act requires us to obtain sufficient collateral to secure our credit products. The estimated value of the collateral pledged to secure each borrower's credit products is calculated by applying collateral discounts, or haircuts, to the value of the collateral. We accept certain investment securities, residential mortgage loans, deposits, and other assets we are permitted to accept as collateral. We require all borrowers that pledge securities collateral to place physical possession of such securities collateral with our safekeeping agent or the borrower's securities corporation, subject to a control agreement giving us appropriate control

23


over such collateral. In addition, community financial institutions are eligible to use expanded statutory collateral provisions for small-business and agriculture loans. Members also pledge their Bank capital stock as collateral. Collateral arrangements may vary depending upon borrower credit quality, financial condition, performance, borrowing capacity, and overall credit exposure to the borrower. We can call for additional or substitute collateral to further safeguard our security interest. We believe our policies appropriately manage our credit risks arising from our credit products.
Depending on the financial condition of the borrower, we may allow the borrower to retain possession of loan collateral pledged to us while agreeing to hold such collateral for our benefit or require the borrower to specifically assign or place physical possession of such loan collateral with us or a third-party custodian that we approve.
We are provided an additional safeguard for our security interests by Section 10(e) of the FHLBank Act, which generally affords any security interest granted by a borrower to the Bank priority over the claims and rights of any other party. The exceptions to this prioritization are limited to claims that would be entitled to priority under otherwise applicable law and are held by bona fide purchasers for value or by secured parties with higher priority perfected security interests. However, the priority granted to our security interests under Section 10(e) of the FHLBank Act may not apply when lending to insurance company members. This is due to the anti-preemption provision contained in the McCarran-Ferguson Act, which provides that federal law does not preempt state insurance law unless the federal law expressly regulates the business of insurance. Thus, if state law conflicts with Section 10(e) of the FHLBank Act, the protection afforded by this provision may not be available to us. However, we perfect our security interests in the collateral pledged by our members, including insurance company members, by filing UCC-1 financing statements, or by taking possession or control of such collateral, or by taking other appropriate steps.
Using a risk-based approach and taking into consideration each borrower's financial strength, we consider the types and level of collateral to be the primary indicator of credit quality on our credit products. At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had rights to collateral, on a borrower-by-borrower basis, with an estimated value in excess of our outstanding extensions of credit. The estimated value of the collateral required to secure each borrower's obligations is calculated by applying collateral discounts or haircuts.
We continue to evaluate and make changes to our collateral guidelines based on market conditions. At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we did not have any credit products that were past due, on nonaccrual status, or considered impaired. In addition, there were no troubled debt restructurings related to credit products during the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011.
Based upon the collateral held as security, our credit extension and collateral policies, management's credit analysis, and the repayment history on credit products, we have not recorded any allowance for credit losses on credit products at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, no liability to reflect an allowance for credit losses for off-balance-sheet credit exposures was recorded. See Note 18 — Commitments and Contingencies for additional information on our off-balance-sheet credit exposure.
Government Mortgage Loans Held for Portfolio
We invest in government mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties. Government mortgage loans are mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration, the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Rural Housing Service of the Department of Agriculture, and/or by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
The servicer provides and maintains insurance or a guaranty from the applicable government agency. The servicer is responsible for compliance with all government agency requirements and for obtaining the benefit of the applicable insurance or guaranty with respect to defaulted government-guaranteed mortgage loans. Any losses incurred on such loans that are not recovered from the insurer or guarantor are absorbed by the related servicer. Therefore, we only have credit risk for these loans if the servicer fails to pay for losses not covered by insurance or guarantees. Based on our assessment of our servicers for these loans, there is no allowance for credit losses for the government mortgage loan portfolio as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. In addition, due to the government guarantee or insurance, these mortgage loans are not placed on nonaccrual status.
Conventional Mortgage Loans Held for Portfolio
We use a model to determine our allowance for credit losses based on our investments in conventional mortgage loans. We periodically adjust the key inputs to this model in an effort intended to properly align our loss projections with the market conditions that are relevant to these loans. The key inputs to the model include past and current performance of these loans (including portfolio delinquency and default migration statistics), overall loan portfolio performance characteristics (including loss mitigation features, especially credit enhancements, as discussed below under — Credit Enhancements), and loss severity estimates for these loans. We update the following inputs at least once per quarter: current outstanding loan amounts, delinquency statistics of the portfolio, and related loss mitigation features (including credit-enhancement and estimated credit-

24


enhancement fee-recovery amounts) for all master commitments. A master commitment is a document which provides the general terms under which the participating financial institution will deliver mortgage loans, including a maximum loan delivery amount, maximum credit enhancement, if applicable, and expiration date. Additionally, we review the model's default migration factor on a quarterly basis to determine if the portfolio has exhibited any change in loans migrating from current to delinquent, or from delinquent to default and make adjustments as appropriate.
We use a third-party loan loss projection model to determine our loss severity estimates for our master commitments. We update our loss severity estimates periodically as we determine appropriate, but not less than once per year. The inputs to this model include loan-related characteristics (such as property types and locations), industry data (such as foreclosure timelines and associated costs), and current and projected housing prices. Additionally, we perform a quarterly loss severity update for the 10 largest master commitments, reflecting a more current housing price index. These master commitments represent approximately 58 percent of our total investments in conventional mortgage loans by outstanding principal balance.
Collectively Evaluated Mortgage Loans. The credit risk analysis of conventional mortgage loans evaluated collectively for impairment considers loan-pool-specific attribute data at the master commitment pool level, applies estimated loss severities, and incorporates available credit enhancements to establish our best estimate of probable incurred losses. Migration analysis is a methodology for estimating the rate of default experienced on pools of similar loans based on our historical experience. We apply migration analysis to conventional loans that are currently not past due, loans that are 30 to 59 days past due, 60 to 89 days past due, and 90 or more days past due. We then estimate the dollar amount of loans in these categories that we believe are likely to migrate to a realized loss position and apply a loss severity factor to estimate losses that would be incurred at the statement of condition date. Additionally, under our temporary loan modification plan, on the effective date of a loan modification we measure the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate and reduce the carrying value of the loan accordingly. However, due to the credit enhancement features of the MPF program that apply to each master commitment pool, these modified loans remain in the pool of loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. See — Troubled Debt Restructurings below for information on our temporary loan modification program.
Estimating a Margin of Imprecision. We also assess a factor for the margin for imprecision to the estimation of credit losses for the homogeneous population. The margin for imprecision is a factor in the allowance for credit losses that recognizes the imprecise nature of the measurement process and is included as part of the mortgage loan allowance for credit loss. This amount represents a subjective management judgment based on facts and circumstances that exist as of the reporting date that is unallocated to any specific measurable economic or credit event and is intended to cover other inherent losses that may not be captured in our methodology. The actual loss that may occur on homogeneous populations of mortgage loans may differ from the estimated loss.
Roll-Forward of Allowance for Credit Losses on Mortgage Loans. The following table presents a roll-forward of the allowance for credit losses on conventional mortgage loans for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, as well as the recorded investment in mortgage loans by impairment methodology at March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands). The recorded investment in a loan is the par amount of the loan, adjusted for accrued interest, unamortized premiums or discounts, deferred derivative gains and losses, and direct write-downs. The recorded investment is net of any valuation allowance.
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
Allowance for credit losses
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
7,800

 
$
8,653

Charge-offs
(54
)
 
(8
)
(Reduction of) provision for credit losses
(1,151
)
 
51

Balance at end of period
$
6,595

 
$
8,696

Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment
$

 
$

Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment
$
6,595

 
$
8,696

Recorded investment, end of period (1)
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$

 
$

Collectively evaluated for impairment
$
2,874,488

 
$
2,867,966

_________________________
(1)
This amount excludes government mortgage loans because we make no allowance for credit losses based on our investments in government mortgage loans, as discussed above under — Government Mortgage Loans Held for Portfolio.

Credit Quality Indicators. Key credit quality indicators for mortgage loans include the migration of past due loans, nonaccrual

25


loans, loans in process of foreclosure and impaired loans. The tables below set forth certain key credit quality indicators for our investments in mortgage loans at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
 Recorded Investment in Conventional Mortgage Loans
 
 Recorded Investment in Government Mortgage Loans
 
Total
Past due 30-59 days delinquent
$
29,023

 
$
12,257

 
$
41,280

Past due 60-89 days delinquent
11,307

 
3,072

 
14,379

Past due 90 days or more delinquent
52,438

 
25,983

 
78,421

Total past due
92,768

 
41,312

 
134,080

Total current loans
2,781,720

 
274,899

 
3,056,619

Total mortgage loans
$
2,874,488

 
$
316,211

 
$
3,190,699

Other delinquency statistics
 
 
 
 
 
In process of foreclosure, included above (1)
$
28,253

 
$
8,938

 
$
37,191

Serious delinquency rate (2)
1.84
%
 
8.22
%
 
2.47
%
Past due 90 days or more still accruing interest
$

 
$
25,983

 
$
25,983

Loans on nonaccrual status (3)
$
52,438

 
$

 
$
52,438

_______________________
(1)
Includes loans where the decision of foreclosure or similar alternative such as pursuit of deed-in-lieu of foreclosure has been reported.
(2)
Loans that are 90 days or more past due or in the process of foreclosure expressed as a percentage of the recorded investment in the total loan portfolio class.
(3)
Includes conventional mortgage loans with contractual principal or interest payments 90 days or more past due and not accruing interest.
 
December 31, 2011
 
 Recorded Investment in Conventional Mortgage Loans
 
 Recorded Investment in Government Mortgage Loans
 
Total
Past due 30-59 days delinquent
$
41,311

 
$
15,477

 
$
56,788

Past due 60-89 days delinquent
11,656

 
5,973

 
17,629

Past due 90 days or more delinquent
55,876

 
24,925

 
80,801

Total past due
108,843

 
46,375

 
155,218

Total current loans
2,710,526

 
269,101

 
2,979,627

Total mortgage loans
$
2,819,369

 
$
315,476

 
$
3,134,845

Other delinquency statistics
 
 
 
 
 
In process of foreclosure, included above (1)
$
32,344

 
$
7,413

 
$
39,757

Serious delinquency rate (2)
1.99
%
 
7.90
%
 
2.59
%
Past due 90 days or more still accruing interest
$

 
$
24,925

 
$
24,925

Loans on nonaccrual status (3)
$
55,876

 
$

 
$
55,876

_______________________
(1)
Includes loans where the decision of foreclosure or similar alternative such as pursuit of deed-in-lieu of foreclosure has been reported.
(2)
Loans that are 90 days or more past due or in the process of foreclosure expressed as a percentage of the total loan portfolio class recorded investment.
(3)
These are only conventional mortgage loans with contractual principal or interest payments 90 days or more past due and not accruing interest.
Credit Enhancements
Our allowance for credit losses factors in the credit enhancements associated with conventional mortgage loans under the MPF program. These credit enhancements apply after the homeowner's equity is exhausted and can include primary and/or supplemental mortgage insurance or other kinds of credit enhancement. Any incurred losses that would be recovered from the

26


credit enhancements are not reserved as part of our allowance for loan losses. In such cases, a receivable is generally established to reflect the expected recovery from credit-enhancement arrangements.
We share with the participating financial institution the risk of credit losses on our investments in mortgage loans by structuring potential losses on these investments into layers with respect to each master commitment. We are obligated to incur the first layer or portion of credit losses (which is called first-loss account) that is not absorbed by the borrower's equity after any primary mortgage insurance. The first-loss account functions as a tracking mechanism for determining the point after which the participating financial institution is required to cover the next layer of losses up to an agreed-upon credit- enhancement amount. The credit-enhancement amount may consist of a direct liability of the participating financial institution to pay credit losses up to a specified amount, a contractual obligation of a participating financial institution to provide supplemental mortgage insurance, or a combination of both. We absorb any remaining unallocated losses.
The aggregate amount of the first-loss account is documented and tracked but is neither recorded nor reported as an allowance for loan losses in our financial statements. As credit and special hazard losses are realized that are not covered by the liquidation value of the real property or primary mortgage insurance, they are first charged to us, with a corresponding reduction of the first-loss account for that master commitment up to the amount in the first-loss account at that time. Over time, the first-loss account may cover the expected credit losses on a master commitment, although losses that are greater than expected or that occur early in the life of a master commitment could exceed the amount in the first-loss account. In that case, the excess losses would be charged to the participating financial institutions's credit-enhancement amount, then to us after the participating financial institution's credit-enhancement amount has been exhausted.
For loans in which we buy or sell participations to other FHLBanks that participate in the MPF program (MPF Banks), the amount of the first-loss account remaining to absorb losses for loans that we own is partly dependent on the percentage of loans that we own that are within master commitments that include loans that are owned, in whole or in part, by other MPF Banks. Assuming losses occur on a proportional basis between loans that we own and loans owned by other MPF Banks, at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 the amount of first-loss account remaining for losses attributable to us was $22.4 million and $23.8 million, respectively. For certain MPF products, our losses incurred under the first-loss account can be mitigated by withholding future performance credit-enhancement fees that would otherwise be payable to the participating financial institutions. We record credit enhancement fees paid to participating financial institutions as a reduction to mortgage-loan-interest income. We incurred credit-enhancement fees of $749,000 and $794,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Withheld credit-enhancement fees can mitigate losses from our investments in mortgage loans and therefore we consider our expectations by each master commitment for such withheld fees in determining the allowance for loan losses. More specifically, we determine the amount of credit-enhancement fees available to mitigate losses as follows: accrued credit-enhancement fees to be paid to participating financial institutions; plus projected credit-enhancement fees to be paid to the participating financial institutions over the next 12 months; minus any losses incurred or expected to be incurred. Available credit-enhancement fees cannot be shared between master commitments and, as a result, some master commitments may have sufficient credit-enhancement fees to recover all losses while other master commitments may not.
The following table demonstrates the impact on our estimate of the allowance for credit losses resulting from the loss mitigating features of conventional mortgage loans (dollars in thousands).
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Total estimated losses
$
10,081

 
$
10,274

Less: estimated losses in excess of first-loss account, to be absorbed by participating financial institutions
(2,694
)
 
(1,622
)
Less: estimated performance-based credit-enhancement fees available for recapture
(792
)
 
(852
)
Net allowance for credit losses
$
6,595

 
$
7,800

Troubled Debt Restructurings
A troubled debt restructuring is considered to have occurred when a concession is granted to a borrower for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower's financial difficulties and that concession would not have been considered otherwise.
Our program under MPF for mortgage loan troubled debt restructurings primarily involves modifying the borrower's monthly payment for a period of up to 36 months to no more than a housing expense ratio of 31 percent of their monthly income. The outstanding principal balance is re-amortized to reflect a principal and interest payment for a term not to exceed 40 years. This would result in a balloon payment at the original maturity date of the loan as the maturity date and number of remaining

27


monthly payments is unchanged. If the 31 percent housing expense ratio is still not met, the interest rate is reduced for up to 36 months in 0.125 percent increments below the original note rate, to a floor rate of 3.00 percent, resulting in reduced principal and interest payments, until the target 31 percent housing-expense ratio is met.
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we had three troubled debt restructurings. The recorded investment in the troubled debt restructurings pre-modification and post-modification was $569,000 and $534,000, respectively as of the modification date.
As of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had mortgage loans with a recorded investment of $983,000 and $446,000, respectively that are considered a troubled debt restructuring. As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, our troubled debt restructurings were performing and have not re-defaulted.
REO
At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had $7.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, in assets classified as REO. During the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we sold REO assets with a recorded carrying value of $2.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively. Upon sale of these properties, and inclusive of any proceeds received from primary mortgage-insurance coverage, we recognized net gains totaling $26,000 and $146,000 on the sale of REO assets during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Gains and losses on the sale of REO assets are recorded in other income.
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell
These investments are all short-term (all less than three months) and the recorded balance approximates fair value. We invest in federal funds sold with investment-grade counterparties and we only evaluate these investments for purposes of an allowance for credit losses if the investment is not paid when due. All investments in federal funds sold as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 were repaid or expected to repay according to their contractual terms.
Securities purchased under agreements to resell are considered collateralized financing arrangements and effectively represent short-term loans to investment-grade counterparties. The terms of these loans are structured such that if the market value of the underlying securities decreases below the market value required as collateral, the counterparty must provide additional securities as collateral in an amount equal to the decrease or remit cash in such amount, or we will decrease the dollar value of the resale agreement accordingly. If we determine that an agreement to resell is impaired, the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost of the agreement is charged to earnings. Based upon the collateral held as security, we determined that no allowance for credit losses was needed for the securities purchased under agreements to resell at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.

Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging Activities     

All derivatives are recognized on the statement of condition at fair value. We offset fair-value amounts recognized for derivative instruments and fair-value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral (a receivable) or the obligation to return cash collateral (a payable) arising from derivative instruments recognized at fair value executed with the same counterparty under a master-netting arrangement. Derivative assets and derivative liabilities reported on the statement of condition also include net accrued interest. Cash flows associated with derivatives are reflected as cash flows from operating activities in the statement of cash flows unless the derivative meets the criteria to be a financing derivative.

Each derivative is designated as one of the following:

a qualifying hedge of the change in fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment (a fair value hedge);
a qualifying hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows that are to be received or paid in connection with a recognized asset or liability (a cash-flow hedge); or
a nonqualifying hedge of an asset or liability (an economic hedge) for asset-liability-management purposes.

Accounting for Fair-Value or Cash-Flow Hedges. If hedging relationships meet certain criteria, including, but not limited to, formal documentation of the hedging relationship and an expectation to be highly effective, they qualify for fair-value or cash-flow hedge accounting and the offsetting changes in fair value of the hedged items are recorded either in earnings in the case of fair-value hedges or accumulated other comprehensive loss in the case of cash-flow hedges. Our approaches to hedge accounting are:

Long-haul hedge accounting, which generally requires us to formally assess (both at the hedge's inception and at least quarterly) whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions have been effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of hedged items or forecasted transactions and whether those derivatives may be expected to remain effective in future periods; and 
Short-cut hedge accounting, which can be used for transactions for which the assumption can be made that the change in fair value of a hedged item, due to changes in the benchmark rate, exactly offsets the change in fair value of the related derivative. Under the shortcut method, the entire change in fair value of the interest-rate swap is considered to be effective at achieving offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged asset or liability.

Derivatives that are used in fair-value hedges are typically executed at the same time as the hedged items, and we designate the hedged item in a qualifying hedge relationship as of the trade date. In many hedging relationships that use the shortcut method, we may designate the hedging relationship upon its commitment to disburse an advance or trade a consolidated obligation (CO) that settles within the shortest period of time possible for the type of instrument based on market-settlement conventions. In such circumstances, although the advance or CO will not be recognized in the financial statements until settlement date, the hedge meets the criteria for applying the short-cut method, provided all other short-cut criteria are also met. We then record the changes in fair value of the derivative and the hedged item beginning on the trade date.

Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is designated and qualifies as a fair-value hedge, along with changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk (including changes that reflect losses or gains on firm commitments), are recorded in other income (loss) as net (losses) gains on derivatives and hedging activities.

Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is designated and qualifies as a cash-flow hedge, to the extent that the hedge is effective, are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of capital, until earnings are affected by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged transaction.

For both fair-value and cash-flow hedges, any hedge ineffectiveness (which represents the amount by which the changes in the

28


fair value of the derivative differ from the change in the fair value of the hedged item or the variability in the cash flows of the forecasted transaction) is recorded in other income (loss) as net (losses) gains on derivatives and hedging activities.

Accounting for Economic Hedges. An economic hedge is defined as a derivative hedging specific or nonspecific assets, liabilities, or firm commitments that does not qualify or was not designated for fair-value or cash-flow hedge accounting, but is an acceptable hedging strategy under our risk-management policy. These economic hedging strategies also comply with Finance Agency regulatory requirements prohibiting speculative derivative transactions. An economic hedge by definition introduces the potential for earnings variability caused by the changes in fair value of the derivatives that are recorded in income but not offset by corresponding changes in the fair value of the economically hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments. As a result, we recognize only the net interest and the change in fair value of these derivatives in other income (loss) as net (losses) gains on derivatives and hedging activities with no offsetting fair-value adjustments for the economically hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments.

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable. The differential between accrual of interest receivable and payable on derivatives designated as a fair-value hedge or as a cash-flow hedge is recognized through adjustments to the interest income or interest expense of the designated hedged investment securities, advances, COs, deposits, or other financial instruments. The differential between accrual of interest receivable and payable on other economic hedges is recognized in other income (loss), along with changes in fair value of these derivatives, as net (losses) gains on derivatives and hedging activities.

Discontinuance of Hedge Accounting. We may discontinue hedge accounting prospectively when:

we determine that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair-value or cash flows of a hedged item (including hedged items such as firm commitments or forecasted transactions);
the derivative and/or the hedged item expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised;
it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur in the originally expected period;
a hedged firm commitment no longer meets the definition of a firm commitment; or
we determine that designating the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate.

When hedge accounting is discontinued because we determine that the derivative no longer qualifies as an effective fair-value hedge of an existing hedged item, we either terminate the derivative or continue to carry the derivative on the statement of condition at its fair value or cease to adjust the hedged asset or liability for changes in fair value, and begin to amortize the cumulative basis adjustment on the hedged item into earnings over the remaining life of the hedged item using the level-yield method.

When hedge accounting is discontinued because we determine that the derivative no longer qualifies as an effective cash-flow hedge of an existing hedged item, we continue to carry the derivative on the statement of condition at its fair value and amortize the cumulative other comprehensive loss adjustment to earnings when earnings are affected by the existing hedged item.

If it is no longer probable that a forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally expected period or within two months thereafter, we immediately recognize the gain or loss that was in accumulated other comprehensive loss in earnings. In rare cases, we may discontinue cash-flow hedge accounting but the existence of extenuating circumstances related to the nature of the forecasted transaction and that are outside of our control or influence, may cause the forecasted transaction to be probable of occurring in the future, on a date that is beyond the additional two-month period of time. In such cases, the gain or loss on the derivative remains in accumulated other comprehensive loss and is recognized in earnings when the forecasted transaction occurs.

When hedge accounting is discontinued because the hedged item no longer meets the definition of a firm commitment, we continue to carry the derivative on the statement of condition at its fair value, removing from the statement of condition any asset or liability that was recorded to recognize the firm commitment and recording it as a gain or loss in current period earnings.

Embedded Derivatives. We may issue debt, make advances, or purchase financial instruments in which a derivative instrument is embedded. Upon execution of these transactions, we assess whether the economic characteristics of the embedded derivative are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the remaining component of the advance, debt, deposit, or other financial instrument (the host contract) and whether a separate, nonembedded instrument with the same terms as the embedded instrument would meet the definition of a derivative instrument. When we determine that (1) the embedded derivative has economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host

29


contract and (2) a separate, stand-alone instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument, the embedded derivative is separated from the host contract, carried at fair value, and designated as a stand-alone derivative instrument. If the entire contract (the host contract and the embedded derivative) is to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value reported in current earnings (for example, an investment security classified as trading, as well as hybrid financial instruments) or if we cannot reliably identify and measure the embedded derivative for purposes of separating that derivative from its host contract, the entire contract is carried on the statement of condition at fair value and no portion of the contract is designated as a hedging instrument. We have determined that all embedded derivatives in our currently outstanding transactions and financial instruments as of March 31, 2012, are clearly and closely related to the host contracts, and therefore no embedded derivatives have been bifurcated from the host contract.
Financial Statement Impact and Additional Financial Information.
The notional amount of derivatives is a factor in determining periodic interest payments or cash flows received and paid. However, the notional amount of derivatives represents neither the actual amounts exchanged nor our overall exposure to credit and market risk. The risks of derivatives can be measured meaningfully on a portfolio basis that takes into account the derivatives, the item being hedged, and any offsets between the two.
The following table presents the fair value of derivative instruments as of March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
Notional
Amount of
Derivatives
 
Derivative
Assets
 
Derivative
Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate swaps
$
18,592,722

 
$
155,570

 
$
(934,092
)
Interest-rate futures / forwards
1,250,000

 

 
(34,983
)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
19,842,722

 
155,570

 
(969,075
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-rate swaps
235,750

 

 
(27,712
)
Interest-rate caps or floors
300,000

 
765

 

Mortgage-delivery commitments (1)
69,509

 
114

 
(86
)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
605,259

 
879

 
(27,798
)
Total notional amount of derivatives
$
20,447,981

 
 

 
 

Total derivatives before netting and collateral adjustments
 

 
156,449

 
(996,873
)
Netting adjustments (2)
 

 
(154,708
)
 
154,708

Cash collateral received from counterparties, including accrued interest
 

 
(1,561
)
 

Derivative assets and derivative liabilities
 

 
$
180

 
$
(842,165
)
_______________________
(1)         Mortgage-delivery commitments are classified as derivatives with changes in fair value recorded in other income.
(2)         Amounts represent the effect of master-netting agreements intended to allow us to settle positive and negative positions.

The following table presents the fair value of derivative instruments as of December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):


30


 
Notional
Amount of
Derivatives
 
Derivative
Assets
 
Derivative
Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate swaps
$
19,326,022

 
$
229,091

 
$
(1,036,060
)
Interest-rate futures / forwards
700,000

 

 
(31,981
)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
20,026,022

 
229,091

 
(1,068,041
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate swaps
235,750

 

 
(30,506
)
Interest-rate caps or floors
300,000

 
786

 

Mortgage-delivery commitments (1)
17,734

 
128

 

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
553,484

 
914

 
(30,506
)
Total notional amount of derivatives
$
20,579,506

 
 

 
 

Total derivatives before netting and collateral adjustments
 

 
230,005

 
(1,098,547
)
Netting adjustments (2)
 

 
(193,438
)
 
193,438

Cash collateral received from counterparties, including accrued interest
 

 
(20,046
)
 
(195
)
Derivative assets and derivative liabilities
 

 
$
16,521

 
$
(905,304
)
_______________________
(1)          Mortgage-delivery commitments are classified as derivatives with changes in fair value recorded in other income.
(2)         Amounts represent the effect of master-netting agreements intended to allow us to settle positive and negative positions.

Net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, were as follows (dollars in thousands).

 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Derivatives and hedged items in fair value hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 
   Interest-rate swaps
 
$
1,060

 
$
732

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
   Economic hedges:
 
 
 
 
      Interest-rate swaps
 
691

 
1,027

      Interest-rate caps or floors
 
(22
)
 
(11
)
   Mortgage-delivery commitments
 
10

 
73

Total net gains related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
679

 
1,089

 
 
 
 
 
Net gains on derivatives and hedging activities
 
$
1,739

 
$
1,821

The following tables present, by type of hedged item, the gains (losses) on derivatives and the related hedged items in fair-value hedge relationships and the impact of those derivatives on our net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):

31


 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
 
Gain/(Loss) on
Derivative
 
Gain/(Loss) on
Hedged Item
 
Net Fair Value
Hedge
Ineffectiveness
 
Effect of
Derivatives on
Net Interest
Income (1)
Hedged Item:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Advances
$
40,239

 
$
(39,878
)
 
$
361

 
$
(54,265
)
Investments
49,737

 
(49,055
)
 
682

 
(10,143
)
Deposits
(299
)
 
299

 

 
381

COs – bonds
(77,892
)
 
77,909

 
17

 
24,953

 
$
11,785

 
$
(10,725
)
 
$
1,060

 
$
(39,074
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
Gain/(Loss) on
Derivative

 
Gain/(Loss) on
Hedged Item

 
Net Fair Value
Hedge
Ineffectiveness

 
Effect of
Derivatives on
Net Interest
Income (1)

Hedged Item:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Advances
$
92,266

 
$
(91,911
)
 
$
355

 
$
(77,263
)
Investments
22,666

 
(22,248
)
 
418

 
(12,045
)
Deposits
(408
)
 
408

 

 
394

COs – bonds
(41,327
)
 
41,286

 
(41
)
 
42,840

 
$
73,197

 
$
(72,465
)
 
$
732

 
$
(46,074
)
_______________________
(1)  The net interest on derivatives in fair value hedge relationships is presented in the interest income or interest expense of the respective hedged item in the statement of operations.

The loss recognized in other comprehensive income for hedged items in cash-flow hedging relationships was $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. There were no cash-flow hedge relationships during the three months ended March 31, 2011.
For the three months ended March 31, 2012, there were no reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash-flow hedges because the original forecasted transactions were not expected to occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within a two-month period thereafter. The maximum length of time over which we are hedging our exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions is six years.
Managing Credit Risk on Derivatives. We are subject to credit risk on our hedging activities due to the risk of nonperformance by counterparties to the derivative agreements. The amount of potential counterparty risk depends on the extent to which master-netting arrangements are included in such contracts to mitigate the risk. We try to limit counterparty credit risk through our ongoing monitoring of counterparty creditworthiness and adherence to the requirements set forth in our policies and Finance Agency regulations. We require collateral agreements in connection with our derivatives transactions. These collateral agreements include collateral delivery thresholds. All counterparties must execute master-netting agreements prior to entering into any interest-rate-exchange agreement with us. These master-netting agreements contain bilateral-collateral exchange agreements that require that credit exposure beyond a defined threshold amount be secured by readily marketable, investment-grade U.S. Treasury or GSE securities, or cash. The level of these collateral threshold amounts varies according to the counterparty's Standard & Poor's Ratings Services (S&P) or Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) long-term credit ratings. Credit exposures are then measured daily and adjustments to collateral positions are made in accordance with the terms of the master-netting agreements. These master-netting agreements also contain bilateral ratings-tied termination events permitting us to terminate all outstanding agreements with a counterparty in the event of a specified rating downgrade by Moody's or S&P. Based on credit analyses and collateral requirements, we do not anticipate any credit losses on our derivative agreements.
The table below presents credit-risk exposure on derivative instruments, excluding the amount of excess cash collateral received from counterparties in instances where a counterparty's pledged cash collateral to us exceeds our net position (dollars in thousands).

32


 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Total net exposure at fair value(1)
 
$
1,740

 
$
36,567

Less: cash collateral received from counterparties, including accrued interest
 
(1,560
)
 
(20,046
)
Net exposure after cash collateral
 
$
180

 
$
16,521

_______________________
(1)  Includes net accrued interest receivable of $1.3 million and $988,000 at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.

Certain of our master-netting agreements contain provisions that require us to post additional collateral with our counterparties if there is deterioration in our credit ratings. Under the terms that govern such agreements, if our credit rating is lowered by Moody's or S&P to a certain level, we are required to deliver additional collateral on derivative instruments in a net liability position. In the event of a split among such credit ratings, the lower ratings govern. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a net liability position (before cash collateral and related accrued interest) at March 31, 2012, was $842.1 million for which we had delivered collateral with a post-haircut value of $709.3 million in accordance with the terms of the master-netting agreements. The following table sets forth the post-haircut value of incremental collateral that certain swap counterparties could have required us to deliver based on incremental credit rating downgrades at March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands).

Post-haircut Value of Incremental Collateral to be Delivered
 as of March 31, 2012
Ratings Downgrade (1)
 
 
From
To
 
Incremental Collateral(2)
AA+
AA or AA-
 
$
39,267

AA-
A+, A or A-
 
66,949

A-
below A-
 
10,000

_______________________
(1)
Ratings are expressed in this table according to S&P's conventions but include the equivalent of such rating by Moody's.
(2) Additional collateral of $18.0 million is required as of March 31, 2012, at our current credit rating of AA+ and is not included in the table.
We execute derivatives with nonmember counterparties with long-term ratings of single-A (or equivalent) or better by S&P and Moody's at the time of the transaction, although risk-reducing trades are permitted for counterparties whose ratings have fallen below these ratings. Some of these counterparties or their affiliates buy, sell, and distribute COs. See Note 12 — Consolidated Obligations for additional information. See also Note 18 — Commitments and Contingencies for a discussion of assets we have pledged to these counterparties. We are not a derivatives dealer and do not trade derivatives for short-term profit.

Note 11 — Deposits
 
We offer demand and overnight deposits for members and qualifying nonmembers. In addition, we offer short-term interest-bearing deposit programs to members. Members that service mortgage loans may deposit funds collected in connection with mortgage loans pending disbursement of such funds to the owners of the mortgage loans. We classify these items as "other" in the following table.    

Deposits at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, include hedging adjustments of $3.7 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

The following table details interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing deposits (dollars in thousands):

33


 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Interest bearing
 

 
 
Demand and overnight
$
699,013

 
$
600,155

Term
22,233

 
22,401

Other
3,944

 
4,571

Non-interest bearing
 

 
 

Other
35,184

 
27,119

Total deposits
$
760,374

 
$
654,246


The aggregate amount of time deposits with a denomination of $100,000 or more was $20.0 million as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.

Note 12 — Consolidated Obligations

COs consist of CO bonds and CO discount notes. CO bonds are issued primarily to raise intermediate and long-term funds and are not subject to any statutory or regulatory limits on maturity. CO discount notes are issued to raise short-term funds and have original maturities of up to one year. These notes sell at less than their face amount and are redeemed at par value when they mature.

The following table sets forth the outstanding CO bonds for which we were primarily liable at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, by year of contractual maturity (dollars in thousands):
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Year of Contractual Maturity
Amount
 
Weighted
Average
Rate (1)
 
Amount
 
Weighted
Average
Rate (1)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Due in one year or less
$
11,098,380

 
1.54
%
 
$
12,825,580

 
1.27
%
Due after one year through two years
6,705,620

 
1.95

 
7,196,250

 
2.04

Due after two years through three years
3,351,245

 
2.45

 
2,776,845

 
2.42

Due after three years through four years
2,153,870

 
2.79

 
1,964,000

 
3.20

Due after four years through five years
1,786,880

 
1.89

 
1,832,350

 
2.34

Thereafter
3,108,950

 
3.73

 
2,938,350

 
3.90

Total par value
28,204,945

 
2.11
%
 
29,533,375

 
2.03
%
Premiums
238,308

 
 

 
179,113

 
 

Discounts
(28,415
)
 
 

 
(29,833
)
 
 

Hedging adjustments
118,897

 
 

 
196,805

 
 

Total
$
28,533,735

 
 

 
$
29,879,460

 
 

_______________________
(1)          The CO bonds' weighted-average rate excludes concession fees.

Our CO bonds outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, included (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Par value of CO bonds
 

 
 

Noncallable and non-putable
$
26,716,945

 
$
26,535,375

Callable
1,488,000

 
2,998,000

Total par value
$
28,204,945

 
$
29,533,375

 
The following is a summary of our participation in CO bonds outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, by year of contractual maturity or next call date for callable CO bonds (dollars in thousands):

34


Year of Contractual Maturity or Next Call Date
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Due in one year or less
 
$
12,343,380

 
$
14,425,580

Due after one year through two years
 
6,773,620

 
7,234,250

Due after two years through three years
 
3,151,245

 
2,531,845

Due after three years through four years
 
2,128,870

 
1,849,000

Due after four years through five years
 
1,576,880

 
1,387,350

Thereafter
 
2,230,950

 
2,105,350

Total par value
 
$
28,204,945

 
$
29,533,375


The following table sets forth the CO bonds for which we were primarily liable by interest-rate-payment type at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Par value of CO bonds
 

 
 

Fixed-rate
$
24,774,945

 
$
25,473,375

Simple variable-rate
3,020,000

 
3,350,000

Step-up
410,000

 
710,000

Total par value
$
28,204,945

 
$
29,533,375


At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, 39.5 percent and 41.0 percent, respectively, of our fixed-rate CO bonds were swapped to a floating rate.

COs – Discount Notes. Outstanding CO discount notes for which we were primarily liable, all of which are due within one year, were as follows (dollars in thousands): 
 
Book Value
 
Par Value
 
Weighted Average
Rate (1)
March 31, 2012
$
12,834,056

 
$
12,835,000

 
0.09
%
December 31, 2011
$
14,651,793

 
$
14,652,040

 
0.01
%
_______________________
(1)          The CO discount notes' weighted-average rate represents a yield to maturity excluding concession fees.

Note 13 — Affordable Housing Program
We charge the amount set aside for the AHP to income and recognize it as a liability. We then reduce the AHP liability as the funds are disbursed. We had outstanding principal in AHP advances of $98.6 million and $97.9 million at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.
The following table is a roll-forward of the AHP liability for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and year ended December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Balance at beginning of year
$
34,241

 
$
23,138

AHP expense for the period
5,232

 
17,812

AHP direct grant disbursements
(502
)
 
(5,775
)
AHP subsidy for AHP advance disbursements
(426
)
 
(1,371
)
Return of previously disbursed grants and subsidies
5

 
437

Balance at end of period
$
38,550

 
$
34,241


Note 14 — Capital
 
We are subject to capital requirements under our capital plan, the FHLBank Act and Finance Agency regulations:
 

35


1.               Risk-based capital. We are required to maintain at all times permanent capital, defined as Class B stock and retained earnings, in an amount at least equal to the sum of our credit-risk capital requirement, market-risk capital requirement, and operations-risk capital requirement, calculated in accordance with Finance Agency rules and regulations, referred to herein as the risk-based capital requirement. Only permanent capital satisfies this risk-based capital requirement. The Finance Agency may require us to maintain a greater amount of permanent capital than is required as defined by the risk-based capital requirements.
 
2.               Total regulatory capital. We are required to maintain at all times a total capital-to-assets ratio of at least four percent. Total regulatory capital is the sum of permanent capital, any general loss allowance if consistent with GAAP and not established for specific assets, and other amounts from sources determined by the Finance Agency as available to absorb losses.
 
3.               Leverage capital. We are required to maintain at all times a leverage capital-to-assets ratio of at least five percent. A leverage capital-to-assets ratio is defined as permanent capital weighted 1.5 times divided by total assets.
 
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock, which is classified as a liability under GAAP, is considered capital for determining our compliance with our regulatory capital requirements.
 
The following tables demonstrate our compliance with our regulatory capital requirements at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
Risk-Based Capital Requirements
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
 
 
 
Permanent capital
 

 
 

Class B capital stock
$
3,402,556

 
$
3,625,348

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
214,859

 
227,429

Retained earnings
440,453

 
398,097

Total permanent capital
$
4,057,868

 
$
4,250,874

Risk-based capital requirement
 

 
 

Credit-risk capital
$
544,208

 
$
582,879

Market-risk capital
82,330

 
91,337

Operations-risk capital
187,961

 
202,265

Total risk-based capital requirement
$
814,499

 
$
876,481

Excess of risk-based capital requirement
$
3,243,369

 
$
3,374,393

 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Required
 
Actual
 
Required
 
Actual
Capital Ratio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk-based capital
 
$
814,499

 
$
4,057,868

 
$
876,481

 
$
4,250,874

Total regulatory capital
 
$
1,876,476

 
$
4,057,868

 
$
1,998,733

 
$
4,250,874

Total capital-to-asset ratio
 
4.0
%
 
8.7
%
 
4.0
%
 
8.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leverage Ratio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leverage capital
 
$
2,345,595

 
$
6,086,802

 
$
2,498,417

 
$
6,376,311

Leverage capital-to-assets ratio
 
5.0
%
 
13.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
12.8
%

Restricted Retained Earnings. Pursuant to a joint capital enhancement agreement among the FHLBanks, as amended (the Joint Capital Agreement) and our capital plan, we, together with the other FHLBanks, are required to contribute 20 percent of our quarterly net income to a restricted retained earnings account until the balance of that account equals at least one percent of the FHLBank's average balance of outstanding COs (excluding fair-value adjustments) for the calendar quarter. At March 31, 2012, our contribution requirement totaled $431.0 million. As of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, restricted retained earnings totaled $32.3 million and $22.9 million, respectively.

Note 15 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

36



The following table presents a summary of changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three months ended
March 31, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
 
Net Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Net Noncredit Portion of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Losses on Held-to-Maturity Securities
 
Net Unrealized Loss Relating to Hedging Activities
 
Pension and Postretirement Benefits
 
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2010
 
$
(15,193
)
 
$
(621,528
)
 
$
(341
)
 
$
(1,049
)
 
$
(638,111
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income
 
(4,737
)
 
71,786

 
3

 
25

 
67,077

Balance, March 31, 2011
 
$
(19,930
)
 
$
(549,742
)
 
$
(338
)
 
$
(1,024
)
 
$
(571,034
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2011
 
$
(48,560
)
 
$
(450,996
)
 
$
(32,308
)
 
$
(2,547
)
 
$
(534,411
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
849

 
16,652

 
(2,998
)
 
76

 
14,579

Balance, March 31, 2012
 
$
(47,711
)
 
$
(434,344
)
 
$
(35,306
)
 
$
(2,471
)
 
$
(519,832
)

Note 16 — Employee Retirement Plans
 
Qualified Defined Benefit Multiemployer Plan. We participate in the Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan for Financial Institutions (the Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan), a funded, tax-qualified, noncontributory defined-benefit pension plan. The Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan is treated as a multiemployer plan for accounting purposes, but operates as a multiple-employer plan under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended and the Internal Revenue Code. Accordingly, certain multiemployer plan disclosures, including the certified zone status, are not applicable to the Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan. Under the Pentegra Defined Benefit Plan, contributions made by a participating employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers since assets contributed by an employer are not segregated in a separate account or restricted to provide benefits only to employees of that employer. Also, in the event a participating employer is unable to meet its contribution requirements, the required contributions for the other participating employers could increase proportionately. The plan covers substantially all of our officers and employees. Net pension cost charged to compensation and benefits expense totaled $1.1 million and $924,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Qualified Defined Contribution Plan. We also participate in the Pentegra Defined Contribution Plan for Financial
Institutions, a tax-qualified defined contribution plan. The plan covers substantially all of our officers and employees. We contribute a percentage of the participants' compensation by making a matching contribution equal to a percentage of voluntary employee contributions, subject to certain limitations. Our matching contributions are charged to compensation and benefits expense.

Nonqualified Defined Contribution Plan. We also maintain the Thrift Benefit Equalization Plan, a nonqualified, unfunded deferred compensation plan covering certain of our senior officers and directors. The plan's liability consists of the accumulated compensation deferrals and the accumulated earnings on these deferrals. Our obligation from this plan was $3.5 million and $3.2 million at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively. We maintain a rabbi trust intended to satisfy future benefit obligations.

The following table sets forth expenses relating to our defined contribution plans (dollars in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2012
 
2011
Qualified Defined Contribution Plan - Pentegra Defined Contribution Plan
$
240

 
$
217

Nonqualified Defined Contribution Plan - Thrift Benefit Equalization Plan
63

 
41


Nonqualified Supplemental Defined Benefit Retirement Plan. We also maintain a nonqualified, unfunded defined-benefit plan covering certain senior officers. We maintain a rabbi trust intended to meet future benefit obligations.


37


Postretirement Benefits. We sponsor a fully insured postretirement benefit program that includes life insurance benefits for eligible retirees. We provide life insurance to all employees who retire on or after age 55 after completing six years of service. No contributions are required from the retirees. There are no funded plan assets that have been designated to provide postretirement benefits.

In connection with the nonqualified supplemental defined benefit retirement plan and postretirement benefits, we recorded the following amounts as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Nonqualified Supplemental Defined Benefit Retirement Plan
 
Postretirement Benefits 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Change in benefit obligation (1)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year
$
5,901

 
$
3,859

 
$
634

 
$
499

Service cost
82

 
261

 
8

 
25

Interest cost
63

 
238

 
7

 
26

Actuarial loss

 
1,543

 

 
97

Benefits paid

 

 

 
(13
)
Benefit obligation at end of period
6,046

 
5,901

 
649

 
634

Change in plan assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

 

 

 

Employer contribution

 

 

 
13

Benefits paid

 

 

 
(13
)
Fair value of plan assets at end of period

 

 

 

Funded status at end of period
$
(6,046
)
 
$
(5,901
)
 
$
(649
)
 
$
(634
)
______________________
(1)      This represents projected benefit obligation for the nonqualified supplemental defined benefit retirement plan and accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for postretirement benefits.

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss for our nonqualified supplemental defined benefit retirement plan and postretirement benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Nonqualified Supplemental Defined Benefit Retirement Plan For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
Postretirement
Benefits For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$
82

 
$
54

 
$
8

 
$
7

Interest cost
 
63

 
53

 
7

 
7

Amortization of net actuarial loss
 
73

 
24

 
3

 
1

Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
218

 
$
131

 
$
18

 
$
15


Note 17 — Fair Values
 
The carrying values, fair values and fair-value hierarchy of our financial instruments at March 31, 2012, were as follows (dollars in thousands):

38


 
March 31, 2012
 
Carrying
Value
 
Total Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting Adjustments and Cash Collateral
Financial instruments
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
108,162

 
$
108,162

 
$
108,162

 
$

 
$

 
$

Interest-bearing deposits
292

 
292

 
292

 

 

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
4,000,000

 
3,999,954

 

 
3,999,954

 

 

Federal funds sold
2,375,000

 
2,374,980

 

 
2,374,980

 

 

Trading securities (1)
270,984

 
270,984

 

 
270,984

 

 

Available-for-sale securities (1)
5,612,171

 
5,612,171

 

 
5,612,171

 

 

Held-to-maturity securities (2)
6,331,384

 
6,421,299

 

 
4,808,780

 
1,612,519

 

Advances
24,891,964

 
25,358,870

 

 
25,358,870

 

 

Mortgage loans, net
3,166,457

 
3,350,441

 

 
3,350,441

 

 

Accrued interest receivable
104,733

 
104,733

 

 
104,733

 

 

Derivative assets (1)
180

 
180

 

 
156,449

 

 
(156,269
)
Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
(760,374
)
 
(760,209
)
 

 
(760,209
)
 

 

COs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
(28,533,735
)
 
(29,264,535
)
 

 
(29,264,535
)
 

 

Discount notes
(12,834,056
)
 
(12,834,190
)
 

 
(12,834,190
)
 

 

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
(214,859
)
 
(214,859
)
 
(214,859
)
 

 

 

Accrued interest payable
(138,772
)
 
(138,772
)
 

 
(138,772
)
 

 

Derivative liabilities (1)
(842,165
)
 
(842,165
)
 

 
(996,873
)
 

 
154,708

Other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit for advances

 
2,801

 

 
2,801

 

 

Standby bond-purchase agreements

 
1,278

 

 
1,278

 

 

Standby letters of credit
(582
)
 
(582
)
 

 
(582
)
 

 

_______________________
(1)
Carried at fair value on a recurring basis.
(2)
Private-label residential MBS and HFA securities are categorized as Level 3. Private-label residential MBS that have suffered other than temporary impairments are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. See the recurring and nonrecurring tables for more details.

The carrying values and fair values of our financial instruments at December 31, 2011, were as follows (dollars in thousands):


39


 
December 31, 2011
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
Financial instruments
 

 
 

Assets:
 

 
 

Cash and due from banks
$
112,094

 
$
112,094

Interest-bearing deposits
177

 
177

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
6,900,000

 
6,899,645

Federal funds sold
2,270,000

 
2,269,951

Trading securities
274,164

 
274,164

Available-for-sale securities
5,280,199

 
5,280,199

Held-to-maturity securities
6,655,008

 
6,663,066

Advances
25,194,898

 
25,718,265

Mortgage loans, net
3,109,223

 
3,305,265

Accrued interest receivable
116,517

 
116,517

Derivative assets
16,521

 
16,521

Liabilities:
 

 
 

Deposits
(654,246
)
 
(654,094
)
COs:
 
 
 
Bonds
(29,879,460
)
 
(30,655,174
)
Discount notes
(14,651,793
)
 
(14,651,926
)
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
(227,429
)
 
(227,429
)
Accrued interest payable
(110,782
)
 
(110,782
)
Derivative liabilities
(905,304
)
 
(905,304
)
Other:
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit for advances

 
2,612

Standby bond-purchase agreements

 
1,814

Standby letters of credit
(625
)
 
(625
)

Fair-Value Methodologies and Techniques
 
We have determined the fair-value amounts above by using available market information and our best judgment of appropriate valuation methods. These estimates are based on pertinent information available to us at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. Although we use our best judgment in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments, there are inherent limitations in any estimation technique or valuation methodology. For example, because an active secondary market does not exist for a portion of our financial instruments, in certain cases, fair values are not subject to precise quantification or verification and may change as economic and market factors and evaluation of those factors change. Therefore, these fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in current market transactions, although they do reflect our judgment of how a market participant would estimate the fair values. The fair-value summary table above does not represent an estimate of our overall market value as a going concern, which would take into account future business opportunities and the net profitability of assets versus liabilities.
 
Fair-Value Hierarchy. Fair value is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell an asset or transfer a liability in the principal (or most advantageous) market for the asset or liability at the measurement date (an exit price).

We record trading securities, available-for-sale securities, derivative assets, and derivative liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and on occasion, certain private-label MBS and REO on a nonrecurring basis. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The inputs are evaluated and an overall level for the fair value measurement is determined. This overall level is an indication of market observability of the fair value measurement for the asset or liability. An entity must disclose the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the measurements are classified for all assets and liabilities measured on a recurring and non-recurring basis.
 
The fair-value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels:


40


Level 1                   Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the reporting entity
can access on the measurement date.
 
Level 2                    Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. If the asset or liability has a specified or contractual term, a Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 2 inputs include the following: (1) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; (2) quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; (3) inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, and prepayment speeds); and (4) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data (e.g., implied spreads).
 
Level 3                     Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
 
We review the fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Changes in the observability of the valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of certain assets or liabilities. These reclassifications are reported as transfers in/out as of the beginning of the quarter in which the changes occur. There were no such transfers during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Summary of Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs

Cash and Due from Banks. The fair value approximates the recorded carrying value.
 
Interest-Bearing Deposits. The fair value approximates the recorded carrying value.
 
Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell. The fair value is determined by calculating the present value of expected future cash flows. The discount rates used in these calculations are the rates for securities with similar terms.

Federal Funds Sold. The fair value of overnight federal funds sold approximate the carrying value. The fair value is determined by calculating the present value of the expected future cash flows. The discount rates used in these calculations are the rates for federal funds with similar terms.

Investment Securities. We determine the fair values of our investment securities, other than HFA floating-rate securities, based on prices obtained for each of these securities that we request from four designated third-party pricing vendors. The fair value of each such security is the average of such vendor prices that are within a cluster pricing tolerance range. A cluster is defined as a group of available vendor prices for a given security that is within a defined price tolerance range of the median vendor price depending on the security type. An outlier is any vendor price that is outside of the defined cluster and is evaluated for reasonableness. The use of the average of available vendor prices within a cluster and the evaluation of reasonableness of outlier prices does not discard available information. In addition, we review the fair values the method produces for reasonableness.

We request prices on each of our securities subject to this fair-value method from four third-party vendors, when available. These pricing vendors use methods that generally employ, but are not limited to, benchmark yields, recent trades, dealer estimates, valuation models, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings, and/or matrix pricing. We establish a median price for each security using a formula that is based on the number of prices received:

If four prices are received, the average of the two middle prices is used;
if three prices are received, the middle price is used;
if two prices are received, the average of the two prices is used; and
if one price is received, it is used subject to validation as described below.

Vendor prices that are outside of a defined cluster are identified as outliers and are subject to additional review including, but not limited to, comparison to prices provided by an additional third-party valuation service, prices for similar securities, and/or non-binding dealer estimates, or use of internal model prices, which we believe reflect the facts and circumstances that a market participant would consider. We also perform this analysis in those limited instances where no third-party vendor price or only one third-party vendor price is available to determine fair value. If the analysis indicates that an outlier (or outliers) is (are) not representative of fair value and that the average of the vendor prices within the tolerance threshold of the median price is the best estimate, then we use the average of the vendor prices within the tolerance threshold of the median price as the final

41


price. If, on the other hand, we determine that an outlier (or some other price identified in the analysis) is a better estimate of fair value, then the outlier (or the other price as appropriate) is used as the final price. In all cases, the final price is used to determine the fair value of the security.

As of March 31, 2012, four vendor prices were received for 91 percent of our investment securities and the final prices for substantially all of those securities were computed by averaging the four prices. Substantially all of our securities were priced by at least three vendors. The relative proximity of the prices received supports our conclusion that the final computed prices are reasonable estimates of fair value. Based on the current lack of market activity for private-label residential MBS, the nonrecurring fair-value measurements for such securities as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 fell within Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy. Our fixed-rate HFA securities also fell within Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy due to the current lack of market activities for these bonds.

Investment SecuritiesHFA Floating Rate Securities. The fair value is determined by calculating the present value of the expected future cash flows. The discount rates used in these calculations are the rates for securities with similar terms.
 
Advances. We determine the fair value of advances by calculating the present value of expected future cash flows from the advances and excluding the amount of accrued interest receivable. The discount rates used in these calculations are the current replacement rates for advances with similar terms. We calculate our replacement advance rates at a spread to our cost of funds. Our cost of funds approximates the CO curve. See — COs within this note for a discussion of the CO curve. We use market-based expectations of future interest rate volatility implied from current market prices for similar options to estimate the fair values of advances with optionality. In accordance with the Finance Agency's advances regulations, advances with a maturity or repricing period greater than six months require a prepayment fee sufficient to make us financially indifferent to the borrower's decision to prepay the advances. Therefore, the fair value of advances does not assume prepayment risk. We do not account for credit risk in determining the fair value of our advances due to the strong credit protections that mitigate the credit risk associated with advances. Collateral requirements for advances provide surety for the repayment such that the probability of credit losses on advances is very low. We have the ability to establish a blanket lien on all financial assets of most members, and in the case of federally insured depository institutions, our lien has a statutory priority over all other creditors with respect to collateral that has not been perfected by other parties. All of these factors serve to mitigate credit risk on advances.

Mortgage Loans. The fair values for mortgage loans are determined based on quoted market prices of similar mortgage-loans adjusted for credit and liquidity risk.
REO. Fair value is defined as the amount that a willing seller could expect from a willing buyer in an arm's-length transaction. If the fair value of the REO is less than the recorded investment in the mortgage loan at the date of transfer, we recognize a charge-off to the allowance for credit losses. Subsequent realized gains and realized or unrealized losses are included in other income (loss) in the statement of operations.
Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable. The fair value approximates the recorded carrying value.
 
Derivative Assets/LiabilitiesInterest-Rate-Exchange Agreements. We base the fair values of interest-rate-exchange agreements on available market prices of derivatives having similar terms, including accrued interest receivable and payable. The fair value is based on the LIBOR swap curve and forward rates at period-end and, for agreements containing options, the market's expectations of future interest-rate volatility implied from current market prices of similar options. The fair-value methodology uses standard valuation techniques for derivatives such as discounted cash-flow analysis and comparisons with similar instruments. The discounted cash-flow model uses market-observable inputs (inputs that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources). The fair values are netted by counterparty, including cash collateral received from or delivered to the counterparty, where an offset right exists. If these netted amounts are positive, they are classified as an asset, and if negative, they are classified as a liability. We enter into master-netting agreements for interest-rate-exchange agreements with institutions that have long-term senior unsecured credit ratings that are at or above single-A (or equivalent) by S&P and Moody's. We maintain master-netting agreements, which include bilateral collateral agreements, to reduce our exposure to counterparty defaults. These bilateral-collateral agreements require credit exposures beyond a defined threshold amount to be secured by U.S. government or GSE-issued securities or cash. All of these factors serve to mitigate credit and nonperformance risk to us. We generally use a midmarket pricing convention based on the bid-ask spread as a practical expedient for fair-value measurements. Because these estimates are made at a specific point in time, they are susceptible to material near-term changes. We have evaluated the potential for the fair value of the instruments to be affected by counterparty risk and our own credit risk and have determined that no adjustments were significant to the overall fair value measurements.
 
Derivative Assets/LiabilitiesCommitments to Invest in Mortgage Loans. Commitments to invest in mortgage loans are recorded as derivatives in the statement of condition. The fair values of such commitments are based on the end-of-day delivery

42


commitment prices provided by the FHLBank of Chicago and a spread, which are derived from MBS to-be-announced delivery commitment prices with adjustment for the contractual features of the MPF program, such as servicing and credit-enhancement features.
 
Deposits. The fair value of a majority of deposits are equal to their carrying value because the deposits are primarily overnight or due on demand. We determine the fair values of term deposits by calculating the present value of expected future cash flows from the deposits and reducing this amount by any accrued interest payable. The discount rates used in these calculations are the costs of currently-issued deposits with similar terms.
 
COs. We estimate fair values based on the cost of issuing comparable term debt, excluding non-interest selling costs. Fair values of COs without embedded options are determined based on internal valuation models which use market-based yield curve inputs obtained from the Office of Finance (the FHLBanks' agent that issues and services COs). Fair values of COs with embedded options are determined by an internal valuation models with market-based inputs obtained from the Office of Finance and derivative dealers. Our internal valuation models use standard valuation techniques and estimate fair values based on the following inputs.
 
CO curve. The Office of Finance constructs an internal yield curve, referred to as the CO curve, using the U.S. Treasury curve as a base yield curve that is then adjusted by adding indicative spreads obtained from market observable sources. These market indications are generally derived from pricing indications from dealers, historical pricing relationships, recent GSE debt trades, and secondary market activity.

Volatility assumption. To estimate the fair values of consolidated obligations with optionality, we use market-based expectations of future interest-rate volatility implied from current market prices for similar options.

Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock. The fair value of capital stock subject to mandatory redemption is generally equal to its par as indicated by contemporaneous member purchases and sales at par value. Fair value also includes an estimated dividend earned at the time of reclassification from equity to liabilities, until such amount is paid, and any subsequently declared dividend. Capital stock can only be acquired by our members at par value and redeemed at par value. Our capital stock is not traded and no market mechanism exists for the exchange of capital stock outside of our cooperative structure.
 
Commitments. The fair value of our standby bond-purchase agreements is based on the present value of the estimated fees we receive for providing these agreements discounted at yields comparable to those of the related bonds, taking into account the remaining terms of such agreements. For fixed-rate advance commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates.
 
Subjectivity of Estimates. Estimates of the fair value of financial assets and liabilities using the methodologies described
above are highly subjective and require judgments regarding significant matters such as the amount and timing of future cash
flows, prepayment speed assumptions, expected interest rate volatility, possible distributions of future interest rates used to
value options, and the selection of discount rates that appropriately reflect market and credit risks. The use of different
assumptions could have a material effect on the fair value estimates. Since these estimates are made as of a specific point in time, they are susceptible to material near-term changes.

Fair Value Measured on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on the statement of condition, which are recorded on a recurring basis at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, by fair value hierarchy level (dollars in thousands):
 

43


 
March 31, 2012
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting
Adjustment (1)
 
Total
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government-guaranteed – residential MBS
$

 
$
18,344

 
$

 
$

 
$
18,344

GSEs – residential MBS

 
6,197

 

 

 
6,197

GSEs – commercial MBS

 
246,443

 

 

 
246,443

Total trading securities

 
270,984

 

 

 
270,984

Available-for-sale securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Supranational institutions

 
451,038

 

 

 
451,038

Corporate bonds (2)

 
511,682

 

 

 
511,682

U.S. government-owned corporations

 
267,107

 

 

 
267,107

GSEs

 
2,364,743

 

 

 
2,364,743

U.S. government guaranteed – residential MBS

 
86,560

 

 

 
86,560

GSEs – residential MBS

 
1,828,169

 

 

 
1,828,169

GSEs – commercial MBS

 
102,872

 

 

 
102,872

Total available-for-sale securities

 
5,612,171

 

 

 
5,612,171

Derivative assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements

 
156,335

 

 
(156,269
)
 
66

Mortgage delivery commitments

 
114

 

 

 
114

Total derivative assets

 
156,449

 

 
(156,269
)
 
180

Total assets at fair value
$

 
$
6,039,604

 
$

 
$
(156,269
)
 
$
5,883,335

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivative liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements
$

 
$
(996,787
)
 
$

 
$
154,708

 
$
(842,079
)
Mortgage delivery commitments
 
 
(86
)
 

 

 
(86
)
Total liabilities at fair value
$

 
$
(996,873
)
 
$

 
$
154,708

 
$
(842,165
)
_______________________
(1)         These amounts represent the effect of master-netting agreements intended to allow us to settle positive and negative positions and also cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty. Net cash collateral associated with derivative contracts, including accrued interest, as of March 31, 2012, totaled $1.6 million.
(2)
These securities are corporate debentures guaranteed by the FDIC under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. The FDIC guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.


44


 
December 31, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting
Adjustment (1)
 
Total
Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government-guaranteed – residential MBS
$

 
$
18,880

 
$

 
$

 
$
18,880

GSEs – residential MBS

 
6,663

 

 

 
6,663

GSEs – commercial MBS

 
248,621

 

 

 
248,621

Total trading securities

 
274,164

 

 

 
274,164

Available-for-sale securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Supranational institutions

 
469,242

 

 

 
469,242

Corporate bonds (2)

 
564,312

 

 

 
564,312

U.S. government-owned corporations

 
284,844

 

 

 
284,844

GSEs

 
2,782,421

 

 

 
2,782,421

U.S. government guaranteed – residential MBS

 
91,228

 

 

 
91,228

GSEs – residential MBS

 
984,808

 

 

 
984,808

GSEs – commercial MBS

 
103,344

 

 

 
103,344

Total available-for-sale securities

 
5,280,199

 

 

 
5,280,199

Derivative assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements

 
229,877

 

 
(213,484
)
 
16,393

Mortgage delivery commitments

 
128

 

 

 
128

Total derivative assets

 
230,005

 

 
(213,484
)
 
16,521

Total assets at fair value
$

 
$
5,784,368

 
$

 
$
(213,484
)
 
$
5,570,884

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivative liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements
$

 
$
(1,098,547
)
 
$

 
$
193,243

 
$
(905,304
)
Total liabilities at fair value
$

 
$
(1,098,547
)
 
$

 
$
193,243

 
$
(905,304
)
_______________________
(1)
These amounts represent the effect of master-netting agreements intended to allow us to settle positive and negative positions and also cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty. Net cash collateral associated with derivative contracts, including accrued interest, as of December 31, 2011, totaled $20.2 million.
(2)
These securities are corporate debentures guaranteed by the FDIC under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. The FDIC guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
 
Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

We measure certain held-to-maturity investment securities and REO at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, they are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair-value adjustments only in certain circumstances (for example, upon recognizing an other-than-temporary impairment on a held-to-maturity security).
 
The following tables present the fair value of financial assets by level within the fair-value hierarchy, which is recorded on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands).
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Held-to-maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private-label residential MBS
$

 
$

 
$
28,558

 
$
28,558

REO

 

 
284

 
284

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total nonrecurring assets at fair value
$

 
$


$
28,842

 
$
28,842


45



 
December 31, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Held-to-maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private-label residential MBS
$

 
$

 
$
148,952

 
$
148,952

REO

 

 
905

 
905

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total nonrecurring assets at fair value
$

 
$

 
$
149,857

 
$
149,857


Note 18 — Commitments and Contingencies
 
Joint and Several Liability. COs are backed by the financial resources of the FHLBanks. The Finance Agency has authority to require any FHLBank to repay all or a portion of the principal and interest on COs for which another FHLBank is the primary obligor. No FHLBank has ever been asked or required to repay the principal or interest on any CO on behalf of another FHLBank. We evaluate the financial condition of the other FHLBanks primarily based on known regulatory actions, publicly available financial information, and individual long-term credit-rating action as of each period-end presented. Based on this evaluation, as of March 31, 2012, and through the filing of this report, we do not believe that it is reasonably likely that we will be required to repay the principal or interest on any CO on behalf of another FHLBank.

We have considered applicable FASB guidance and determined it is not necessary to recognize a liability for the fair value of our joint and several liability for all of the COs. The joint and several obligation is mandated by Finance Agency regulations and is not the result of an arms-length transaction among the FHLBanks. The FHLBanks have no control over the amount of the guaranty or the determination of how each FHLBank would perform under the joint and several obligation. Because the FHLBanks are subject to the authority of the Finance Agency as it relates to decisions involving the allocation of the joint and several liability for the FHLBanks' COs, the FHLBanks' joint and several obligation is excluded from the initial recognition and measurement provisions. Accordingly, we have not recognized a liability for our joint and several obligation related to other FHLBanks' COs at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. The par amounts of other FHLBanks' outstanding COs for which we are jointly and severally liable totaled approximately $617.0 billion and $647.7 billion at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. See Note 12 — COs for additional information.

Off-Balance-Sheet Commitments

The following table sets forth our off-balance-sheet commitments as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Expire within one year
 
Expire after one year
 
Total
 
Expire within one year
 
Expire after one year
 
Total
Standby letters of credit outstanding (1)
 
$
867,272

 
$
399,004

 
$
1,266,276

 
$
832,140

 
$
402,932

 
$
1,235,072

Commitments for standby bond purchases
 
32,590

 
136,640

 
169,230

 

 
191,065

 
191,065

Commitments for unused lines of credit - advances (2)
 
1,283,161

 

 
1,283,161

 
1,287,084

 

 
1,287,084

Commitments to make additional advances
 
35,566

 
55,315

 
90,881

 
26,264

 
54,281

 
80,545

Commitments to invest in mortgage loans
 
69,509

 

 
69,509

 
17,734

 

 
17,734

Unsettled CO bonds, at par (3)
 
316,500

 

 
316,500

 
165,300

 

 
165,300

__________________________
(1)
This row excludes commitments to issue standby letters of credit that expire within one year totaling $15.1 million and over one year totaling $3.0 million as of March 31, 2012.
(2)
Commitments for unused line-of-credit advances are generally for periods of up to 12 months. Since many of these commitments are not expected to be drawn upon, the total commitment amount does not necessarily indicate future

46


liquidity requirements.
(3) We had $255.0 million in unsettled CO bonds that were hedged with associated interest-rate swaps at March 31, 2012. We had $15.0 million in unsettled CO bonds that were hedged with associated interest-rate swaps at December 31, 2011.

Standby Letters of Credit. Standby letters of credit are executed with members or housing associates for a fee. A standby letter of credit is a financing arrangement between us and a member or housing associate pursuant to which we (for a fee) agree to fund the associated member's or housing associate's obligation to a third-party beneficiary should that member or housing associate fail to fund such obligation. If we are required to make payment for a beneficiary's draw, the payment amount is converted into a collateralized advance to the member or housing associate. The original terms of these standby letters of credit range from one month to 20 years, with a final expiration in 2024. Our unearned fees for the value of the guarantees related to standby letters of credit are recorded in other liabilities and totaled $582,000 and $625,000 at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.
We monitor the creditworthiness of our members and housing associates that have standby letter of credit agreements outstanding based on our evaluations of the financial condition of the member or housing associate. We review available financial data, which can include regulatory call reports filed by depository institution members, regulatory financial statements filed with the appropriate state insurance department by insurance company members, audited financial statements of housing associates, SEC filings, and rating-agency reports to ensure that potentially troubled members are identified as soon as possible. In addition, we have access to most members' regulatory examination reports. We analyze this information on a regular basis.
Standby letters of credit are fully collateralized at the time of issuance. Based on our credit analyses and collateral requirements, we have not deemed it necessary to record any additional liability on these commitments.
Standby Bond-Purchase Agreements. We enter into standby bond-purchase agreements with state housing authorities whereby we, for a fee, agree to purchase and hold the housing authority’s bonds until the designated remarketing agent can find an investor or the housing authority repurchases the bonds according to a schedule established by the standby bond-purchase agreement. Each standby bond-purchase agreement specifies the terms that would require us to purchase the bonds. The standby bond-purchase commitments we entered into expire between one and three years following the start of the commitment, currently no later than 2013. At both March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had standby bond purchase agreements with one state housing authority. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, and year ended December 31, 2011, we were not required to purchase any bonds under these agreements.
Commitments to Invest in Mortgage Loans. Commitments to invest in mortgage loans are generally for periods not to exceed 45 business days. Such commitments are recorded as derivatives at their fair values on the statement of condition.
 
Pledged Collateral. We execute new derivatives with counterparties with long-term ratings of single-A (or equivalent) or better by both S&P and Moody’s. All derivatives are subject to master-netting agreements which include bilateral-collateral agreements. Derivatives with counterparties rated lower than single-A (or equivalent) are permitted only if they reduce exposure to that counterparty. As of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had pledged as collateral securities with a carrying value, including accrued interest, of $697.5 million and $765.7 million, respectively, to counterparties that have credit-risk exposure to us related to derivatives. These amounts pledged as collateral were subject to contractual agreements whereby some counterparties had the right to sell or repledge the collateral.

Legal Proceedings. We are subject to various legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business from time to time. Management does not anticipate that the ultimate liability, if any, arising out of these matters will have a material effect on the Bank’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Note 19 — Transactions with Related Parties
 
We define related parties as those members whose capital stock holdings are in excess of 10 percent of total capital stock outstanding. The following table presents member holdings of 10 percent or more of total capital stock outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Capital Stock
Outstanding
 
Percent
of Total
 
Capital Stock
Outstanding
 
Percent
of Total
Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A. (1)
$
978,084

 
27.0
%
 
$
1,084,710

 
28.2
%
RBS Citizens N.A.
484,517

 
13.4

 
515,748

 
13.4

_________________________
(1)
Capital stock outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, includes $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively,

47


held by CW Reinsurance Company, a subsidiary of Bank of America Corporation.

The following table presents outstanding advances to related parties and total accrued interest receivable from those advances as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
Par
Value of
Advances
 
Percent of Total Par Value
of Advances
 
Total Accrued
Interest
Receivable
 
Percent of Total
Accrued Interest
Receivable on
Advances
As of March 31, 2012
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

RBS Citizens N.A.
$
4,419,889

 
18.2
%
 
$
427

 
0.9
%
Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A.
98,164

 
0.4

 
466

 
1.0

As of December 31, 2011
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

RBS Citizens N.A.
$
4,620,022

 
18.8
%
 
$
335

 
0.7
%
Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A.
96,261

 
0.4

 
454

 
1.0

 
The following table presents an analysis of advances activity with related parties for the three months ended March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2011
 
Disbursements to
Members
 
Payments from
Members
 
Balance at March 31, 2012
RBS Citizens N.A.
$
4,620,022

 
$
1,000,000

 
$
(1,200,133
)
 
$
4,419,889

Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A.
96,261

 
2,721

 
(818
)
 
98,164


We recognized interest income on outstanding advances from the above members during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
RBS Citizens N.A.
 
$
2,628

 
$
3,970

Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A.
 
1,351

 
4,780


The following table presents an analysis of outstanding derivative contracts with affiliates of related parties at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Derivatives Counterparty
 
Affiliate Member
 
Primary
Relationship
 
Notional
Amount
 
Percent of
Total
Derivatives (1)
 
Notional
Amount
 
Percent of
Total
Derivatives (1)
Bank of America, N.A.
 
Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A.
 
Dealer
 
$
977,750

 
4.8
%
 
$
973,750

 
4.7
%
Royal Bank of Scotland, PLC
 
RBS Citizens, N.A.
 
Dealer
 
96,300

 
0.5

 
96,300

 
0.5

_________________________
(1)          The percent of total derivatives outstanding is based on the stated notional amount of all derivative contracts outstanding.

Note 20 — Transactions with Other FHLBanks

We may occasionally enter into transactions with other FHLBanks. These transactions are summarized below.

Overnight Funds. We may borrow or lend unsecured overnight funds from or to other FHLBanks. All such transactions are at current market rates. Interest income and interest expense related to these transactions with other FHLBanks are included within other interest income and interest expense from other borrowings in the statement of operations.


48


MPF Mortgage Loans. We pay a transaction-services fee to the FHLBank of Chicago for our participation in the MPF program. This fee is assessed monthly, and is based upon the amount of mortgage loans which we invested in after January 1, 2004, and which remain outstanding on our statement of condition. We recorded $298,000 and $278,000 in MPF transaction-services fee expense to the FHLBank of Chicago during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, which has been recorded in the statement of operations as other expense.

Note 21 — Subsequent Events

On April 26, 2012, the board of directors declared a cash dividend at an annualized rate of 0.52 percent based on capital stock balances outstanding during the first quarter of 2012. The dividend, including dividends on mandatorily redeemable capital stock, amounted to $4.9 million and was paid on May 2, 2012.




49


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This report includes statements describing anticipated developments, projections, estimates, or future predictions of ours that are “forward-looking statements.” These statements may use forward-looking terminology such as, but not limited to, “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “may,” “could,” “estimates,” “assumes,” “should,” “will,” “likely,” or their negatives or other variations on these terms. We caution that, by their nature, forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks or uncertainties, including the risk factors set forth in Item 1A — Risk Factors in the 2011 Annual Report and Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors of this quarterly report, and the risks set forth below. Accordingly, we caution that actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements or could impact the extent to which a particular objective, projection, estimate or prediction is realized. As a result, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement herein or that may be made from time to time on our behalf.
 
Forward-looking statements in this report include, among others, our expectations for:

income, retained earnings, and dividend payouts;
repurchases of our stock held in excess of the owner's total stock investment requirement (excess stock);
credit losses on advances and investments in mortgage loans and ABS, particularly private-label MBS;
balance-sheet changes and components thereof, such as changes in advances balances and the size of our portfolio of investments in mortgage loans;
our retained earnings target; and
the interest rate environment in which we do business.
Actual results may differ from forward-looking statements for many reasons, including, but not limited to:
 
changes in interest rates, the rate of inflation (or deflation), housing prices, employment rates, and the general economy;
changes in the size of the residential mortgage market;
changes in demand for our advances and other products resulting from changes in members' deposit flows and credit demands or otherwise;
the willingness of our members to do business with us despite the absence of dividend payments from November 2008 until February 2011, modest dividend payments since that time, and only limited repurchases of excess stock;
changes in the financial health of our members;
insolvencies of our members;
increases in borrower defaults on mortgage loans;
deterioration in the credit performance of our private-label MBS portfolio beyond forecasted assumptions concerning loan default rates, loss severities, and prepayment speeds resulting in the realization of additional other-than-temporary impairment charges;
deterioration in the credit performance of our investments in mortgage loans and increases in loss severities from those investments;
an increase in advance prepayments as a result of changes in interest rates or other factors;
the volatility of market prices, rates, and indices that could affect the value of collateral we hold as security for obligations of our members and counterparties to interest-rate-exchange agreements and similar agreements;
political events, including legislative, regulatory, judicial, or other developments that affect us, our members, counterparties, and/or investors in COs;

50


competitive forces including, without limitation, other sources of funding available to our members, other entities borrowing funds in the capital markets, and the ability to attract and retain skilled employees;
the pace of technological change and our ability to develop and support technology and information systems sufficient to manage the risks of our business effectively;
the loss of large members through mergers and similar activities;
changes in investor demand for COs and/or the terms of interest-rate-exchange-agreements and similar agreements;
the timing and volume of market activity;
the volatility of reported results due to changes in the fair value of certain assets and liabilities, including, but not limited to, private-label MBS;
the ability to introduce new (or adequately adapt current) products and services and successfully manage the risks associated with those products and services, including new types of collateral used to secure advances;
the availability of derivative financial instruments of the types and in the quantities needed for risk-management purposes from acceptable counterparties;
the realization of losses arising from litigation filed against us or one or more of the other FHLBanks;
the realization of losses arising from our joint and several liability on COs;
issues and events across the FHLBank System and in the political arena that may lead to regulatory, judicial, or other developments may affect the marketability of the COs, our financial obligations with respect to COs, our ability to access the capital markets, the manner in which we operate, or the organization and structure of the FHLBank System;
significant business disruptions resulting from natural or other disasters, acts of war or terrorism; and
the effect of new accounting standards, including the development of supporting systems.

These risk factors are not exhaustive. We operate in a changing economic and regulatory environment, and new risk factors will emerge from time to time. We cannot predict such new risk factors nor can we assess the impact, if any, of such new risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those implied by any forward-looking statements.

The Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our interim financial statements and notes, which begin on page 3, and the 2011 Annual Report.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 
We recognized net income of $46.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, versus $23.1 million for the same period in 2011. Credit losses from the other-than-temporary impairment of investments in private-label MBS totaled $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with such credit losses of $30.6 million for the comparable period of 2011. Additionally:

retained earnings increased from $398.1 million at December 31, 2011, to $440.5 million at March 31, 2012;
accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities improved from an accumulated deficit of $451.0 million at December 31, 2011, to an accumulated deficit of $434.3 million at March 31, 2012; and
we continue to be in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements, as of March 31, 2012.

On April 26, 2012, our board of directors declared a cash dividend that was equivalent to an annual yield of 0.52 percent and reiterated that it anticipates that it will continue to declare modest cash dividends through 2012 consistent with this dividend declaration, although a quarterly loss or a significant adverse event or trend would cause a dividend to be suspended. The board also adopted a resolution that it would not declare dividends in excess of 20 percent of quarterly net income for the quarter on which the dividend is based for the remainder of 2012 without the Finance Agency's nonobjection. The board also adopted revisions to our retained earnings policy including an additional dividend limitation, which is discussed under — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Internal Capital Practices and Policies — Dividends.

51



Although our financial condition continues to improve, we continue to face certain challenges, the foremost of which arise from our investments in private-label MBS, the level of our advances balances, and the continuing, prolonged low-interest rate environment. We continue to believe that these factors are likely to have a significant negative impact on future earnings.

Investments in Private-Label MBS. Although the amortized cost of our total investments in private-label MBS has fallen to $1.9 billion at March 31, 2012, compared with $6.4 billion at September 30, 2007, additional losses from that portfolio are possible. We have determined that eight of our private-label MBS, representing an aggregated par value of $115.3 million, incurred additional other-than-temporary impairment credit losses of $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. We continue to update our modeling assumptions to reflect current developments impacting the loan performance of the mortgage loans that back our investments in these securities, particularly Alt-A mortgage loans originated in the period from 2005 to 2007, which comprise a significant portion of the loans backing these securities. Such developments include continuing elevated unemployment rates, high levels of foreclosures and troubled real estate loans, projections of further declines in house prices and slow housing price recovery, and limited financing opportunities for many borrowers, especially those whose houses are now worth less than the balance of their mortgages.

We also update our modeling assumptions based on non-economic factors that impact or could impact the performance of these investments, including certain federal programs (and proposed programs) intended to assist borrowers, as well as foreclosure moratoriums by several major mortgage servicers based on potential, widespread foreclosure deficiencies and related developments that could result in further losses. We continue to monitor these and related developments, including litigation involving private-label MBS, which could result in loss severities beyond current expectations due to disruptions of cash flows from impacted securities and further depression in real estate prices. Such developments are discussed in greater detail under — Legislative and Regulatory Developments — Home Affordable Refinance Program and Other Foreclosure Efforts.

Advances Balances. The outstanding par balance of advances decreased slightly from $24.6 billion at December 31, 2011, to $24.3 billion at March 31, 2012. Demand for advances continues to be muted, as our members continue to experience high levels of deposits. Deposits serve as liquidity alternatives to advances. We do not expect demand for advances to grow so long as deposit levels at members remain high in the absence of any other changes that would influence demand for advances. The decline in our advances balances since December 31, 2008, is likely to negatively impact future earnings particularly given the low-interest rate environment discussed below and the expected return on our reinvestment opportunities in such an environment.

The trend in advances balances is illustrated by the following graph:

    

Continuing and Prolonged Low-Interest Rate Environment. We continue to operate in a prolonged, historically low interest rate environment. We expect the current historically low interest rate environment to persist based on actions by the Federal Reserve to maintain low interest rates combined with other systemic events, such as the European sovereign debt crisis, which has raised concerns that a Eurozone recession could slow the U.S. economy. These factors are discussed in

52


greater detail under Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Executive Summary — Continuing and Prolonged Low-Interest Rate Environment in the 2011 Annual Report. The Federal Reserve has stated that it expects that economic conditions are likely to warrant exceptionally low interest rates at least through late 2014. A prolonged low-interest rate environment can adversely impact us in various ways such as members experiencing continued deposit growth as investors face fewer attractive investment alternatives; members increasing their reliance on short-term advances in lieu of longer-term advances to enhance their own net interest margins; lower market yields on investments (as we continue to experience), including money market investments in which our capital is deployed; and faster prepayments on our investments, including mortgage loans, with resultant reinvestment risk. Accordingly, our net income and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations, are likely to be adversely impacted by a prolonged low-interest rate environment. However, we could also experience increased demand for advances if a prolonged low-interest rate environment results in increased business activity with associated demand for loans from our members that choose to fund such loans with advances. Increased demand for medium- and long-term advances would tend to increase net interest income and could offset some of the adverse impact of a prolonged low-interest rate environment on investment income.

The following chart demonstrates the persistent low interest-rate environment.
Other significant trends and developments include the following:

Partial Repurchase of Excess Stock. On March 9, 2012, we conducted a partial repurchase of excess stock in the aggregate

53


amount of $250.0 million. On April 26, 2012, our board of directors adopted a resolution that it will not conduct excess stock repurchases other than in limited, former member-related instances of insolvency without obtaining the Finance Agency's nonobjection, which we do not expect to pursue in 2012. We will consider whether and how to conduct other repurchases of excess stock as part of our 2013 business planning process. For additional information on the partial repurchase of excess stock, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Executive Summary — Partial Repurchase of Excess Stock in the 2011 Annual Report.

Strong Net Interest Margin. We continue to achieve a favorable net interest margin, which mitigates to some extent the decrease in advances balances. Net interest margin is expressed as the percentage of net interest income to average earning assets. Net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2012, was 0.56 percent, a seven basis point increase from net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Prepayment-fee income was an important contributor to net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2012, as demonstrated by the tables captioned “Net Interest Spread and Margin without Prepayment-Fee Income” under — Results of Operations — Rate and Volume Analysis. These prepayment fees represent a substantial and atypical contribution to our net income that should not be counted on to recur every year. Further, the increase in net interest margin was achieved despite the continuing low-interest rate environment due in part to continued low average funding costs, which were attributable to two main factors. First, demand for COs remained strong, although funding costs did rise slightly as investors began to invest in higher-yielding asset classes as economic indicators turned more favorable. Second, as interest rates remained at low levels, we continued to benefit from having refinanced callable debt used to fund our fixed-rate residential mortgage loans in prior periods as interest rates fell, due in part to the fact that prepayment and refinancing activity in that loan portfolio has been muted relative to our expectations at the time we acquired the loans. During the 12 months ended March 31, 2012, we exercised redemption options on $2.4 billion of callable bonds that were not swapped to a floating rate coupon. Other factors behind the improvement in net interest margin include an increase in yields on certain previously other-than-temporarily impaired private-label MBS for which a significant improvement in cash flows has been projected.

Notwithstanding our success in achieving strong net interest margin and strong net interest spread for the quarter, we expect these measurements to weaken in subsequent quarters in 2012 based on the sustained low-interest rate environment noted above combined with the fact that we face limited opportunities to redeem and refinance our debt, while our seasoned investments in mortgage loans will continue to amortize.

Legislative and Regulatory Developments. We continue to operate in a legislative and regulatory environment undergoing profound change with additional changes occurring during the period covered by this report. These changes are likely to have multiple important impacts on us, as discussed under — Legislative and Regulatory Developments.

The following financial highlights for the statement of condition for December 31, 2011, have been derived from our audited financial statements. Financial highlights for the quarter-ends have been derived from our unaudited financial statements. 

54


SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
STATEMENT OF CONDITION
(dollars in thousands)

 
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
June 30,
2011
 
March 31,
2011
Statement of Condition Data at Quarter End
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
46,911,899

 
$
49,968,337

 
$
48,574,433

 
$
52,233,694

 
$
55,595,703

Investments (1)
18,589,831

 
21,379,548

 
19,916,085

 
22,087,442

 
25,907,601

Advances
24,891,964

 
25,194,898

 
25,024,689

 
26,204,125

 
25,938,797

Mortgage loans held for portfolio (2)
3,166,457

 
3,109,223

 
3,128,725

 
3,132,935

 
3,165,483

Deposits
760,374

 
654,246

 
740,946

 
745,493

 
810,529

Consolidated obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
28,533,735

 
29,879,460

 
32,446,525

 
34,887,060

 
34,020,141

Discount notes
12,834,056

 
14,651,793

 
10,673,491

 
12,052,598

 
16,492,730

Total consolidated obligations
41,367,791

 
44,531,253

 
43,120,016

 
46,939,658

 
50,512,871

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
214,859

 
227,429

 
227,429

 
227,429

 
106,608

Class B capital stock outstanding - putable (3)
3,402,556

 
3,625,348

 
3,583,749

 
3,572,301

 
3,646,009

Unrestricted retained earnings
408,154

 
375,158

 
326,099

 
288,520

 
269,544

Restricted retained earnings
32,299

 
22,939

 
9,997

 

 

Total retained earnings
440,453

 
398,097

 
336,096

 
288,520

 
269,544

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(519,832
)
 
(534,411
)
 
(516,717
)
 
(495,261
)
 
(571,034
)
Total capital
3,323,177

 
3,489,034

 
3,403,128

 
3,365,560

 
3,344,519

Other Information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total regulatory capital ratio (4)
8.7
%
 
8.5
%
 
8.5
%
 
7.8
%
 
7.2
%
_________________________
(1)
Investments include available-for-sale securities, held-to-maturity securities, trading securities, interest-bearing deposits, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and federal funds sold.
(2)
The allowance for credit losses amounted to $6.6 million, $7.8 million, $7.2 million, $7.2 million, and $8.7 million as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011, September 30, 2011, June 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, respectively.
(3)
Capital stock is putable at the option of a member.
(4)    Total regulatory capital ratio is capital stock (including mandatorily redeemable capital stock) plus retained earnings as a percentage of total assets. See — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Capital regarding our regulatory capital ratios.

55


SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND OTHER INFORMATION
(dollars in thousands)

 
For the Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
June 30,
2011
 
March 31,
2011
Results of Operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
68,342

 
$
82,026

 
$
80,410

 
$
76,589

 
$
66,951

(Reduction of) provision for credit losses
(1,151
)
 
627

 

 
(1,509
)
 
51

Net impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities recognized in income
(2,960
)
 
(3,479
)
 
(7,210
)
 
(35,794
)
 
(30,584
)
Other income (loss)
1,245

 
10,001

 
(1,659
)
 
5,007

 
10,492

Other expense
15,746

 
15,994

 
15,982

 
17,803

 
15,320

AHP and REFCorp assessments (1)
5,232

 
7,220

 
5,573

 
7,732

 
8,365

Net income
$
46,800

 
$
64,707

 
$
49,986

 
$
21,776

 
$
23,123

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends declared
$
4,444

 
$
2,706

 
$
2,410

 
$
2,800

 
$
2,770

Dividend payout ratio
9.49
%
 
4.18
%
 
4.82
%
 
12.86
%
 
11.98
%
Weighted average dividend rate (2)
0.49

 
0.30

 
0.27

 
0.31

 
0.30

Return on average equity (3)
5.44

 
7.43

 
5.84

 
2.63

 
2.83

Return on average assets
0.38

 
0.51

 
0.39

 
0.16

 
0.17

Net interest margin (4)
0.56

 
0.65

 
0.63

 
0.57

 
0.49

Average equity to average assets
7.06

 
6.88

 
6.64

 
6.18

 
5.98

___________________________
(1)
The FHLBanks satisfied their obligation to REFCorp in the second quarter of 2011.
(2)
Weighted-average dividend rate is dividend amount declared divided by the average daily balance of capital stock.
(3)
Return on average equity is net income divided by the total of the average daily balance of outstanding Class B capital stock, accumulated other comprehensive loss, and retained earnings.
(4)
Net interest margin is net interest income before provision for credit losses as a percentage of average earning assets.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we recognized net income of $46.8 million and $23.1 million, respectively. This $23.7 million increase was driven by a decrease of $27.6 million in other-than-temporary impairment losses of certain private-label MBS, a decrease in assessments of $3.1 million due to the fulfillment of the REFCorp obligation in August 2011, a $1.4 million increase in net interest income, and a $1.2 million reduction to the provision for credit losses. The increases to net income were offset by a decline of $8.4 million in realized gains on available-for-sale securities.

Net Interest Income
 
Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2012, was $68.3 million, compared with $67.0 million for the same period in 2011. This increase was primarily attributable to the $3.2 million increase in prepayment fee income, which partly contributed to an increase of five basis points in the yield on interest earning assets to 1.46 percent. In addition, the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased one basis point to 0.99 percent.

Net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2012, in comparison with the same period in 2011, increased to 56 basis points from 49 basis points, and net interest spread increased to 47 basis points from 41 basis points for the same period in 2011. Partially offsetting the increase in net interest spread was a decrease in average earning assets, which declined by $6.6 billion from $55.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2011, to $48.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

The following table presents major categories of average balances, related interest income/expense, and average yields for interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Our primary source of earnings is net interest income, which is the interest earned on advances, mortgage loans, and investments less interest paid on COs, deposits, and other sources of funds.

56


Net interest spread is the difference between the yields on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

Net Interest Spread and Margin
(dollars in thousands)
                        
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income /
Expense
 
Average
Yield (1)
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income /
Expense
 
Average
Yield (1)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advances
 
$
24,814,096

 
$
83,821

 
1.36
%
 
$
26,885,170

 
$
87,681

 
1.32
%
Interest-bearing deposits
 
258

 

 
0.47

 
203

 

 
0.53

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
6,743,407

 
2,189

 
0.13

 
1,169,444

 
540

 
0.19

Federal funds sold
 
1,971,956

 
511

 
0.10

 
5,824,922

 
2,401

 
0.17

Investment securities(2)
 
12,057,987

 
55,775

 
1.86

 
18,220,859

 
63,527

 
1.41

Mortgage loans
 
3,113,065

 
34,765

 
4.49

 
3,208,609

 
38,334

 
4.85

Other earning assets
 

 

 

 
556

 

 
0.17

Total interest-earning assets
 
48,700,769

 
177,061

 
1.46
%
 
55,309,763

 
192,483

 
1.41
%
Other non-interest-earning assets
 
499,506

 
 
 
 
 
497,681

 
 
 
 
Fair value adjustments on investment securities
 
(157,520
)
 
 
 
 
 
(453,387
)
 
 
 
 
Total assets
 
$
49,042,755

 
$
177,061

 
1.45
%
 
$
55,354,057

 
$
192,483

 
1.41
%
Liabilities and capital
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount notes
 
$
13,666,440

 
$
1,583

 
0.05
%
 
$
15,226,270

 
$
5,139

 
0.14
%
Bonds
 
29,635,652

 
106,827

 
1.45

 
34,887,862

 
120,126

 
1.40

Deposits
 
799,123

 
18

 
0.01

 
787,739

 
129

 
0.07

Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
 
224,252

 
290

 
0.52

 
90,864

 
136

 
0.61

Other borrowings
 
2,406

 
1

 
0.17

 
6,211

 
2

 
0.13

Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
44,327,873

 
108,719

 
0.99
%
 
50,998,946

 
125,532

 
1.00
%
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities
 
1,253,780

 
 
 
 
 
1,043,589

 
 
 
 
Total capital
 
3,461,102

 
 
 
 
 
3,311,522

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and capital
 
$
49,042,755

 
$
108,719

 
0.89
%
 
$
55,354,057

 
$
125,532

 
0.92
%
Net interest income
 
 

 
$
68,342

 
 

 
 

 
$
66,951

 
 

Net interest spread
 
 

 
 

 
0.47
%
 
 

 
 

 
0.41
%
Net interest margin
 
 

 
 

 
0.56
%
 
 

 
 

 
0.49
%
_________________________
(1) Yields are annualized
(2)        The average balances of held-to-maturity securities and available-for-sale securities are reflected at amortized cost; therefore the resulting yields do not give effect to changes in fair value or the noncredit component of a previously recognized other-than-temporary impairment reflected in accumulated other comprehensive loss.    

Rate and Volume Analysis
 
Changes in both average balances (volume) and interest rates influence changes in net interest income and net interest margin. The following table summarizes changes in interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. Changes in interest income and interest expense that are not identifiable as either volume-related or rate-related, but rather equally attributable to both volume and rate changes, have been allocated to the volume and rate categories based upon the proportion of the absolute value of the volume and rate changes.
 

57


Rate and Volume Analysis
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 vs. 2011

 
 
Increase (Decrease) due to
 
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Total
Interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advances
 
$
(6,919
)
 
$
3,059

 
$
(3,860
)
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
1,854

 
(205
)
 
1,649

Federal funds sold
 
(1,210
)
 
(680
)
 
(1,890
)
Investment securities
 
(25,058
)
 
17,306

 
(7,752
)
Mortgage loans
 
(1,118
)
 
(2,451
)
 
(3,569
)
Total interest income
 
(32,451
)
 
17,029

 
(15,422
)
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount notes
 
(480
)
 
(3,076
)
 
(3,556
)
Bonds
 
(18,731
)
 
5,432

 
(13,299
)
Deposits
 
2

 
(113
)
 
(111
)
Mandatorily redeemable capital stock
 
175

 
(21
)
 
154

Other borrowings
 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Total interest expense
 
(19,035
)
 
2,222

 
(16,813
)
Change in net interest income
 
$
(13,416
)
 
$
14,807

 
$
1,391


The average balance of total advances decreased $2.1 billion, or 7.7 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with the same period in 2011. The trend of muted demand for advances is discussed under — Executive Summary — Advances Balances. The following table summarizes average balances of advances outstanding during the three months ending March 31, 2012 and 2011, by product type.
 

58


Average Balance of Advances Outstanding by Product Type
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Fixed-rate advances—par value
 
 
 
 
Long-term
 
$
10,393,781

 
$
10,184,861

Putable
 
4,626,567

 
6,653,120

Short-term
 
3,088,266

 
2,752,540

Amortizing
 
1,358,142

 
1,697,401

Overnight
 
208,530

 
592,235

Expander
 
20,000

 
10,000

Fixed-rate plus cap
 
10,000

 

Callable
 
2,500

 
7,000

 
 
19,707,786

 
21,897,157

 
 
 
 
 
Variable-rate indexed advances—par value
 
 
 
 
Simple variable
 
4,457,330

 
4,362,500

Overnight
 
11,115

 
12,245

Floating rate advances with embedded caps and / or floors
 
10,000

 
6,278

 
 
4,478,445

 
4,381,023

Total average par value
 
24,186,231

 
26,278,180

Net premiums and (discounts)
 
14,228

 
6,839

Hedging adjustments
 
613,637

 
600,151

Total average balance of advances
 
$
24,814,096

 
$
26,885,170


Putable advances that are classified as fixed-rate advances in the table above are typically hedged with interest-rate-exchange agreements in which a short-term rate is received, typically three-month LIBOR. In addition, approximately 23.8 percent of average long-term fixed-rate advances were similarly hedged with interest-rate swaps. Therefore, a significant portion of our advances, including overnight advances, short-term fixed-rate advances, fixed-rate putable advances, certain fixed-rate bullet advances, and variable-rate advances, either earn a short-term interest rate or are swapped to a short-term index, resulting in yields that closely follow short-term market interest-rate trends. The average balance of all such advances totaled $14.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2012, representing 61.5 percent of the total average balance of advances outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The average balance of all such advances totaled $17.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2011, representing 67.3 percent of the total average balance of advances outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, net prepayment fees on advances were $4.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, prepayment fees on investments were $87,000 and $14,000, respectively. Prepayment-fee income is unpredictable and inconsistent from period to period, occurring only when advances and investments are prepaid prior to the scheduled maturity or repricing dates.

Because prepayment-fee income recognized during these periods does not necessarily represent a trend that will continue in future periods, and due to the fact that prepayment-fee income represents a one-time fee recognized in the period in which the corresponding advance or investment security is prepaid, we believe it is important to review the results of net interest spread and net interest margin excluding the impact of prepayment-fee income. These results are presented in the following table.


59


Net Interest Spread and Margin without Prepayment-Fee Income
(dollars in thousands)


 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Interest Income
 
Average Yield (1)
 
Interest Income
 
Average Yield (1)
Advances
 
$
79,519

 
1.29
%
 
$
86,488

 
1.30
%
Investment securities
 
55,688

 
1.86

 
63,513

 
1.41

Total interest-earning assets
 
172,672

 
1.43

 
191,276

 
1.40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
 
63,953

 
 
 
65,744

 
 
Net interest spread
 
 
 
0.44
%
 
 
 
0.40
%
Net interest margin
 
 
 
0.53
%
 
 
 
0.48
%
_________________________
(1) Yields are annualized

Average short-term money-market investments, consisting of interest-bearing deposits, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and federal funds sold, increased $1.7 billion, or 24.6 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with the same period in 2011. The yield earned on short-term money-market investments is highly correlated to short-term market interest rates. These investments are used for liquidity management and to manage our leverage ratio in response to fluctuations in other asset balances. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, average balances of federal funds sold decreased $3.9 billion and average balances of securities purchased under agreements to resell increased $5.6 billion in comparison to the three months ended March 31, 2011.
 
Average investment-securities balances decreased $6.2 billion or 33.8 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with the same period in 2011, which occurred in the following investment categories:

$4.5 billion decline in certificates of deposit
$796.2 million decline in MBS
$636.5 million decline in agency and supranational banks, and
$151.3 million decline in corporate bonds.

The average aggregate balance of our investments in mortgage loans for the three months ended March 31, 2012, were $95.5 million lower than the average aggregate balance of these investments for the three months ended March 31, 2011, representing a decrease of 3.0 percent.

Average CO balances decreased $6.8 billion, or 13.6 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with the same period in 2011, resulting from our reduced funding needs principally due to the decline in our investments and member demand for advances. This overall decline consisted of a decrease of $1.6 billion in CO discount notes and a decrease of $5.3 billion in CO bonds.

The average balance of term CO discount notes increased $1.5 billion and overnight CO discount notes decreased $3.0 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2012, in comparison to the same period in 2011. The average balance of CO discount notes represented approximately 31.6 percent of total average COs during the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared with 30.4 percent of total average COs during the three months ended March 31, 2011. The average balance of bonds represented 68.4 percent and 69.6 percent of total average COs outstanding during the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Impact of Derivative and Hedging Activity

Net interest income includes interest accrued on interest-rate-exchange agreements that are associated with advances, investments, deposits, and debt instruments that qualify for hedge accounting. We generally use derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting as interest-rate-risk-management tools. These derivatives serve to stabilize net interest income and net interest margin when interest rates fluctuate. Accordingly, the impact of derivatives on net interest income and net interest

60


margin should be viewed in the overall context of our risk-management strategy. The following tables show the net effect of derivatives and hedging activities on net interest income, net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities, and net unrealized gains (losses) on trading securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands).

 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,2012
 
Net Effect of Derivatives and Hedging Activities
 
Advances
 
Investments
 
Mortgage Loans
 
Deposits
 
CO Bonds
 
Total
 
Net interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization / accretion of hedging activities in net interest income (1)
 
$
(2,195
)
 
$

 
$
(71
)
 
$

 
$
3,942

 
$
1,676

 
Net interest settlements included in net interest income (2)
 
(54,265
)
 
(10,143
)
 

 
381

 
24,953

 
(39,074
)
 
Total effect on net interest income
 
(56,460
)
 
(10,143
)
 
(71
)
 
381

 
28,895

 
(37,398
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on fair-value hedges
 
361

 
682

 

 

 
17

 
1,060

 
(Losses) gains on derivatives not receiving hedge accounting
 
(41
)
 
710

 

 

 

 
669

 
Other
 

 

 
10

 

 

 
10

 
Net gains on derivatives and hedging activities
 
320

 
1,392

 
10

 

 
17

 
1,739

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subtotal
 
(56,140
)
 
(8,751
)
 
(61
)
 
381

 
28,912

 
(35,659
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net losses on trading securities
 

 
(2,098
)
 

 

 

 
(2,098
)
 
Total net effect of derivatives and hedging activities
 
$
(56,140
)
 
$
(10,849
)
 
$
(61
)
 
$
381

 
$
28,912

 
$
(37,757
)
 
_____________________
(1)
Represents the amortization/accretion of hedging fair-value adjustments for closed hedge positions.
(2)
Represents interest income/expense on derivatives included in net interest income.



61


 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
Net Effect of Derivatives and Hedging Activities
 
Advances
 
Investments
 
Mortgage Loans
 
Deposits
 
CO Bonds
 
Total
 
Net interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization / accretion of hedging activities in net interest income (1)
 
$
(2,448
)
 
$

 
$
87

 
$

 
$
417

 
$
(1,944
)
 
Net interest settlements included in net interest income (2)
 
(77,263
)
 
(12,045
)
 

 
394

 
42,840

 
(46,074
)
 
Total effect on net interest income
 
(79,711
)
 
(12,045
)
 
87

 
394

 
43,257

 
(48,018
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains (losses) on fair value hedges
 
355

 
418

 

 

 
(41
)
 
732

 
(Losses) gains on derivatives not receiving hedge accounting
 
(21
)
 
1,037

 

 

 

 
1,016

 
Other
 

 

 
73

 

 

 
73

 
Net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities
 
334

 
1,455

 
73

 

 
(41
)
 
1,821

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subtotal
 
(79,377
)
 
(10,590
)
 
160

 
394

 
43,216

 
(46,197
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net losses on trading securities (3)
 

 
(1,906
)
 

 

 

 
(1,906
)
 
Total net effect of derivatives and hedging activities
 
$
(79,377
)
 
$
(12,496
)
 
$
160

 
$
394

 
$
43,216

 
$
(48,103
)
 
_____________________
(1)
Represents the amortization/accretion of hedging fair-value adjustments for closed hedge positions.
(2)
Represents interest income/expense on derivatives included in net interest income.
(3)
Includes only those gains or losses on trading securities that have an economic derivative assigned, and therefore, this line does not reconcile with the statement of operations.

Net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, was 0.56 percent and 0.49 percent, respectively. If derivative instruments had not been used as hedges to mitigate the impact of interest-rate fluctuations, net interest margin would have been 0.89 percent and 0.83 percent, respectively.
 
Interest paid and received on interest-rate-exchange agreements that are used in asset and liability management, but which do not meet hedge-accounting requirements (economic hedges), are classified as net gain on derivatives and hedging activities in other income. As shown under Other Income (Loss) and Operating Expenses below, interest accruals on derivatives classified as economic hedges totaled a net expense of $1.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively for the three ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

For more information about our use of derivative instruments to manage interest-rate risk, see Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk — Strategies to Manage Market and Interest-Rate Risk.
 
Other Income (Loss) and Operating Expenses
 
The following table presents a summary of other income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. Additionally, detail on the components of net gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities is provided, indicating the source of these gains and losses by type of hedging relationship and hedge accounting treatment.
 

62


Other Income (Loss)
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities:
 
 
 
 
Net gains related to fair-value hedge ineffectiveness
 
$
1,060

 
$
732

Net unrealized gains (losses) related to derivatives not receiving hedge accounting associated with:
 
 
 
 
Advances
 
33

 
581

Trading securities
 
2,540

 
2,962

Mortgage delivery commitments
 
10

 
73

Net interest-accruals related to derivatives not receiving hedge accounting
 
(1,904
)
 
(2,527
)
Net gains on derivatives and hedging activities
 
1,739

 
1,821

Net impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities recognized in income
 
(2,960
)
 
(30,584
)
Service-fee income
 
1,499

 
2,045

Net unrealized losses on trading securities
 
(2,098
)
 
(1,897
)
Realized gain from sale of available-for-sale securities
 

 
8,369

Other
 
105

 
154

Total other loss
 
$
(1,715
)
 
$
(20,092
)

For the securities on which we recognized other-than-temporary impairment credit loss charges during the first quarter of 2012, the average credit enhancement was not sufficient to cover projected expected credit losses on the underlying loan collateral. The average credit enhancement at March 31, 2012, was approximately 7.3 percent and the expected average projected loan collateral loss was approximately 32.4 percent. We recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge related to credit losses of $3.0 million during the first quarter of 2012.

The following table displays held-to-maturity securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in the three months ending March 31, 2012 and 2011, based on whether the security is newly impaired or previously impaired (dollars in thousands).
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
Other-Than-
Temporarily Impaired
Investment:
Total Other-
Than-
Temporary
Impairment
Losses on
Investment
Securities
 
Net Amount of
Impairment
Losses
Reclassified
to (from)
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Net
Impairment
Losses on
Investment
Securities
Recognized in
Income
 
Total Other-
Than-Temporary
Impairment
Losses on
Investment
Securities
 
Net Amount of
Impairment
Losses
Reclassified
to (from)
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Net Impairment
Losses on
Investment
Securities
Recognized in
Income
Securities newly- impaired during the period
$
(2,529
)
 
$
2,529

 
$

 
$
(4,928
)
 
$
4,926

 
$
(2
)
Securities impaired prior to the beginning of the period
(3,849
)
 
889

 
(2,960
)
 
(1,859
)
 
(28,723
)
 
(30,582
)
Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
$
(6,378
)
 
$
3,418

 
$
(2,960
)
 
$
(6,787
)
 
$
(23,797
)
 
$
(30,584
)

The following table displays held-to-maturity securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in the quarter ending March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands). Securities are classified in the table below based on the classification at the time of issuance. We have instituted litigation on certain of the private-label MBS in which we have invested, as discussed in Part II — Item 1 — Legal Proceedings. Our complaint asserts among others, claims for untrue or misleading statements in the sale of securities, and it is possible that classifications of private-label MBS as provided herein when based on classification at the time of issuance, as well as other statements about the securities, are inaccurate.

63


 
At March 31, 2012
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Investment:
Par Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair Value
 
Other-than-Temporary
Impairment Related to
Credit Loss
Private-label residential MBS - Alt-A
$
114,380

 
$
76,484

 
$
50,843

 
$
51,792

 
$
(2,957
)
ABS backed by home equity loans – Subprime
953

 
638

 
466

 
537

 
(3
)
Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
$
115,333

 
$
77,122

 
$
51,309

 
$
52,329

 
$
(2,960
)
 
See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 5 — Held-to-Maturity Securities, Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment, and — Investments Credit Risk below for additional detail and analysis of our portfolio of held-to-maturity investments in private-label MBS.
 
Changes in the fair value of trading securities are recorded in other loss. For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we recorded net unrealized losses on trading securities of $2.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the associated economic hedges amounted to net gains of $2.5 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Also included in other loss are interest accruals on these economic hedges, which resulted in a net expense of $1.8 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, compensation and benefits expense and other operating expenses amounted to $13.1 million, an increase of $578,000 from the March 31, 2011 amount of $12.5 million.

Our share of the costs and expenses of operating the Finance Agency and the Office of Finance totaled $2.0 million and $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Advances

At March 31, 2012, the advances portfolio totaled $24.9 billion, a decrease of $302.9 million compared with $25.2 billion at December 31, 2011.

The following table summarizes advances outstanding by product type at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.
 

64


Advances Outstanding by Product Type
(dollars in thousands)
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Par Value
 
Percent of
Total
 
Par Value
 
Percent of
Total
Fixed-rate advances
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

     Overnight
$
129,725

 
0.5
%
 
$
268,888

 
1.1
%
Long-term
10,480,746

 
43.1

 
10,546,190

 
42.9

Putable
4,477,825

 
18.4

 
4,693,575

 
19.1

Short-term
3,408,992

 
14.0

 
3,161,265

 
12.9

Amortizing
1,328,310

 
5.5

 
1,394,071

 
5.7

  Expander
20,000

 
0.1

 
20,000

 
0.1

Fixed-rate plus cap
10,000

 
0.1

 
10,000

 

Callable
2,500

 

 
2,500

 

 
19,858,098

 
81.7

 
20,096,489

 
81.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Variable-rate advances
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

     Overnight
3,475

 

 
7,683

 

Simple variable
4,437,000

 
18.2

 
4,457,000

 
18.1

Floating-rate advances with embedded caps and / or floors
20,000

 
0.1

 
20,000

 
0.1

 
4,460,475

 
18.3

 
4,484,683

 
18.2

Total par value
$
24,318,573

 
100.0
%
 
$
24,581,172

 
100.0
%
 
See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 7 — Advances for disclosures relating to redemption terms of the advances portfolio.

We lend to members and housing associates with principal places of business within our district, which consists of the six New England states. Outstanding advances are generally diversified among our borrowers throughout our district, with some concentrations, as set forth in the table below. At March 31, 2012, we had advances outstanding to 317, or 68.8 percent, of our 461 members. At December 31, 2011, we had advances outstanding to 317, or 68.6 percent, of our 462 members.

The following table presents the top five advance-borrowing institutions at March 31, 2012, and the interest earned on outstanding advances to such institutions during the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Top Five Advance-Borrowing Institutions
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Name
 
Par Value of
Advances
 
Percent of Total Par Value of
Advances
 
Weighted-Average
Rate (1)
 
Advances Interest Income for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2012

RBS Citizens, N.A.
 
$
4,419,889

 
18.2
%
 
0.26
%
 
$
2,628

Webster Bank, N.A.
 
1,351,772

 
5.6

 
0.96

 
3,204

First Niagara Bank, N.A. (2)
 
1,294,215

 
5.3

 
2.53

 
9,124

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company
 
600,000

 
2.5

 
1.96

 
2,975

Salem Five Cents Savings Bank
 
561,126

 
2.3

 
2.34

 
3,319

_______________________
(1)
Weighted-average rates are based on the contract rate of each advance without taking into consideration the effects of interest-rate-exchange agreements that may be used as a hedging instrument.
(2)
Subsequent to the date of this table, First Niagara Bank, N.A. paid off its outstanding advances. In April 2011, First Niagara Financial Group Inc., a nonmember, acquired NewAlliance Bancshares, Inc. (parent of former member New Alliance Bank). Nonmembers, excluding housing associates, are ineligible to borrow from us. Accordingly, the acquisition of NewAlliance Bank by First Niagara Financial Group Inc. is likely to adversely impact our advances interest income,

65


particularly given that institution was our largest single source of advances interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Our pricing of advance products are described under Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Financial Condition Advances in the 2011 Annual Report.

Advances Credit Risk

We endeavor to minimize credit risk on advances by monitoring the financial condition of our borrowers and by holding sufficient collateral to protect us from credit losses. Our approaches to credit risk on advances are described under Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Financial Condition Advances Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report. We have never experienced a credit loss on an advance.

Our membership continues to be challenged by the continuing weak economic conditions, although there have been some measures of improvement. Aggregate nonperforming assets for depository institution members declined from 1.15 percent of total assets as of September 30, 2011, to 1.12 percent of assets as of December 31, 2011. The aggregate ratio of tangible capital to assets among the membership decreased from 8.80 percent as of September 30, 2011, to 8.67 percent as of December 31, 2011. December 31, 2011, is the date of our most recent data on our membership for this report. As of April 30, 2012, there have been no member failures during 2012, and there had been no failures during all of 2011. All of our extensions of credit to our members are secured by eligible collateral as noted herein. However, if a member were to default, and the value of the collateral pledged by the member declined to a point such that we were unable to realize sufficient value from the pledged collateral to cover the member's obligations and we were unable to obtain additional collateral to make up for the reduction in value of such collateral, we could incur losses. Although not expected, a default by a member with significant obligations to us could result in significant financial losses, which would adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

We assign each borrower to one of the following three credit status categories based primarily on our assessment of the borrower's overall financial condition and other factors:

Category-1: members that are generally in satisfactory financial condition; 
Category-2: members that show weakening financial trends in key financial indices and/or regulatory findings; and
Category-3: members with financial weaknesses that present an elevated level of concern. In addition, we generally place insurance company members in Category-3 status because, unlike other members, insurance companies are subject to different laws and regulations in their particular states that could expose us to unique risks. We place housing associates in Category-3.

For additional information on the Bank's classification of its borrowers, see the 2011 Annual Report under Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Financial Condition Advances Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.  

Advances outstanding to borrowers in Category-1 status at March 31, 2012, totaled $16.5 billion. For these advances, we have access to collateral through security agreements, where the borrower agrees to hold such collateral for our benefit, totaling $44.6 billion as of March 31, 2012. Of this total, $10.4 billion of securities have been delivered to us or to an approved third-party custodian, an additional $1.6 billion of securities are held by borrowers' securities corporations, and $6.6 billion of residential mortgage loans have been pledged by borrowers' real-estate-investment trusts.

The following table provides information regarding advances outstanding with our borrowers in Category 1, Category 2 and Category 3 status at March 31, 2012, along with their corresponding collateral balances.


66


Advances Outstanding by Borrower Collateral Status
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
Number of
Borrowers
 
Par Value of Advances
Outstanding
 
Discounted
Collateral
 
Ratio of 
Discounted
 Collateral
to Advances
Category 1 status
270

 
$
16,478,115

 
$
44,584,491

 
270.6
%
Category 2 status
24

 
5,110,646

 
18,316,595

 
358.4

Category 3 status
29

 
2,729,812

 
3,259,202

 
119.4

Total
323

 
$
24,318,573

 
$
66,160,288

 
272.1
%

The method by which a borrower pledges collateral is dependent upon the category status to which it is assigned based on its financial condition and on the type of collateral that the borrower pledges. Based upon the method by which borrowers pledge collateral to us, the following table shows the total potential lending value of the collateral that borrowers have pledged to us, net of our collateral valuation discounts as of March 31, 2012.

Collateral by Pledge Type
(dollars in thousands)
 
Discounted Collateral
Collateral not specifically listed and identified
$
36,767,337

Collateral specifically listed and identified
19,405,072

Collateral delivered to us
20,271,474


For additional information on our collateral policies and practices, see Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Financial Condition Advances Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

We accept nontraditional and subprime loans that are underwritten in accordance with applicable regulatory guidance as eligible collateral for our advances as discussed under Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Financial Condition Advances Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report. At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, the amount of pledged nontraditional and subprime loan collateral was 9 percent of total member borrowing capacity.
 
We have not recorded any allowance for credit losses on credit products at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, for the reasons discussed in Item 1 Notes to the Financial Statements Note 9 Allowance for Credit Losses.

Investments
 
At March 31, 2012, investment securities and short-term money market instruments totaled $18.6 billion, compared with $21.4 billion at December 31, 2011.

Investment securities increased $5.2 million to $12.2 billion at March 31, 2012, compared with December 31, 2011.

Short-term money market investments totaled $6.4 billion at March 31, 2012, compared with $9.2 billion at December 31, 2011. This $2.8 billion net decrease resulted from a $2.9 billion decrease in securities purchased under agreements to resell and a $105.0 million increase in federal funds sold.

Under our regulatory authority to purchase MBS, additional investments in MBS, ABS, and certain securities issued by the Small Business Administration (SBA) are prohibited if our investments in such securities exceed 300 percent of capital. Capital for this calculation is defined as capital stock, mandatorily redeemable capital stock, and retained earnings. At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, our MBS, ABS and SBA holdings represented 216 percent and 195 percent of capital, respectively.

We endeavor to maintain our total investments at a level no greater than 50 percent of our total assets because investing activities are incidental to our mission. Our total investments were 39.6 percent of our total assets at March 31, 2012. Although our total assets have declined to $46.9 billion at March 31, 2012, from $50.0 billion at December 31, 2011, we have been able to satisfy this investment objective without a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition because we have been able to satisfy this objective principally through divestitures of short-term, very low-yielding investments. We expect

67


to continue to be able to satisfy this investment objective for the foreseeable future without a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition by continuing this approach, as necessary.

Our MBS investment portfolio consists of the following categories of securities as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. The percentages in the table below are based on carrying value.

Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Residential MBS - U.S. government-guaranteed and GSE
58.2
%
 
53.4
%
Commercial MBS - U.S. government-guaranteed and GSE
23.9

 
26.7

Private-label residential MBS
17.5

 
19.5

ABS backed by home-equity loans
0.3

 
0.3

Private-label commercial MBS
0.1

 
0.1

Total MBS
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 3 — Trading Securities, Note 4 — Available-for-Sale Securities, Note 5 — Held-to-Maturity Securities, and Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information on our investment securities.

Investments Credit Risk. We are subject to credit risk on unsecured investments consisting primarily of money market instruments issued by high-quality counterparties and debentures issued or guaranteed by U.S. agencies, the FDIC under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, U.S government-owned corporations, GSEs, and supranational institutions. We also place short-term funds with large, high-quality financial institutions with long-term credit ratings no lower than single-A (or equivalent) on an unsecured basis; currently all such placements expire within 35 days. We have counterparty exposure on these short-term investments which include short-dated unsecured money market transactions and short-dated secured reverse repurchase agreements.

For information on how we mitigate these credit risks, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition — Investments Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

We continued to invest in unsecured short-dated money market instruments issued by certain Eurozone financial institutions domiciled in Austria, Belgium, France, Finland, Germany, and the Netherlands from time to time. We continued to use the same safeguards and approaches to these counterparties to protect against unanticipated exposures arising from possible contagion from the Eurozone financial crisis that are discussed under Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Market Conditions — European Sovereign Debt Crisis in the 2011 Annual Report. On March 31, 2012, we had no unsecured money market exposure to Eurozone financial institutions. Our maximum unsecured money market exposure to any single Eurozone financial institution was $650.0 million on any day during the quarter ended March 31, 2012.

At March 31, 2012, our unsecured credit exposure, including accrued interest related to money market instruments and debentures, was $6.1 billion to 12 counterparties and issuers, of which $2.4 billion was for federal funds sold, and $3.7 billion was for debentures. The following issuers/counterparties individually accounted for greater than 10 percent of total unsecured credit exposure as of March 31, 2012:

Issuers / Counterparties Representing Greater Than
10 Percent of Total Unsecured Credit
As of March 31, 2012

Issuer / counterparty
 
Percent
Fannie Mae
 
28.8
%
Freddie Mac
 
11.4

 
We have also invested in and are subject to secured credit risk related to MBS, ABS, and HFA securities that are directly or indirectly supported by underlying mortgage loans. Investments in MBS and ABS must be rated triple-A (or equivalent) at the

68


time of purchase. HFA securities must carry a credit rating of double-A (or equivalent) or higher as of the date of purchase.

 Credit ratings on these investments are provided in the following table.

Credit Ratings of Investments at Carrying Value
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Long-Term Credit Rating (1)
Investment Category
 
Triple-A
 
Double-A
 
Single-A
 
Triple-B
 
Below
Triple-B
 
Unrated
Money market instruments: (2)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
 
$

 
$
292

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 

 

 
4,000,000

 

 

 

Federal funds sold
 

 
600,000

 
1,775,000

 

 

 

Total money market instruments
 

 
600,292

 
5,775,000

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.S. agency obligations
 

 
17,531

 

 

 

 

U.S. government-owned corporations
 

 
267,107

 

 

 

 

GSEs
 

 
2,435,271

 

 

 

 

Supranational institutions
 
451,038

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds (3)
 

 
511,682

 

 

 

 

HFA securities
 
25,000

 
122,060

 

 
50,380

 

 
2,114

Total non-MBS
 
476,038

 
3,353,651

 

 
50,380

 

 
2,114

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government guaranteed - residential (2)
 

 
153,058

 

 

 

 

U.S. government guaranteed - commercial (2)
 

 
470,484

 

 

 

 

GSE - residential (2)
 

 
4,694,168

 

 

 

 

GSE - commercial (2)
 

 
1,519,431

 

 

 

 

Private-label - residential
 
16,917

 
49,558

 
96,758

 
75,508

 
1,220,157

 

Private-label - commercial
 
10,545

 

 

 

 

 

ABS backed by home-equity loans
 
7,911

 
6,745

 
5,486

 

 
5,630

 

Total MBS
 
35,373

 
6,893,444

 
102,244

 
75,508

 
1,225,787

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total investments
 
$
511,411

 
$
10,847,387

 
$
5,877,244

 
$
125,888

 
$
1,225,787

 
$
2,114

 _______________________
(1)
Ratings are obtained from Moody's, Fitch, Inc. (Fitch), and S&P and are each as of March 31, 2012. If there is a split rating, the lowest rating is used.
(2)
The issuer rating is used for these investments, and if a rating is on negative credit watch, the rating in the next lower rating category is used and then the lowest rating is determined.
(3)
Consists of corporate debentures guaranteed by the FDIC under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. The FDIC guarantee carries the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

The following table details our investment securities with a long-term credit rating below investment grade as of March 31, 2012.


69


Credit Ratings of Investments Below Investment Grade at Carrying Value
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
Investment Category
 
Double-B
 
Single-B
 
Triple-C
 
Double-C
 
Single-C
 
Single-D
 
Total Below
Investment
Grade
Private-label residential MBS
 
$
35,005

 
$
99,105

 
$
643,002

 
$
152,797

 
$
33,014

 
$
257,234

 
$
1,220,157

ABS backed by home-equity loans
 

 
3,779

 
1,384

 

 

 
467

 
5,630

Total
 
$
35,005

 
$
102,884

 
$
644,386

 
$
152,797

 
$
33,014

 
$
257,701

 
$
1,225,787


The following table presents a summary of the average projected values over the remaining lives of the securities for the significant inputs relating to our private-label MBS during the quarter ended March 31, 2012, as well as related current credit enhancement. Credit enhancement is defined as the percentage of subordinated tranches, over-collateralization, and other accounts or cash flows that provide additional credit support such as reserve funds, insurance policies, and/or excess interest, if any, in a security structure that will generally absorb losses before we will experience a loss on the security. Subordinated tranches can serve as credit enhancement, because losses are generally allocated to the subordinate tranches until their principal balances have been reduced to zero before senior tranches are allocated losses. Over-collateralization means available collateral in excess of the principal balance of the related security. The calculated averages represent the dollar-weighted averages of all the private-label residential MBS and home equity loan investments in each category shown, regardless of whether or not the securities have incurred an other-than-temporary impairment credit loss (dollars in thousands).

 
 
 
 
Significant Inputs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected
Prepayment Rates
 
Projected
Default Rates
 
Projected
Loss Severities
 
Current
Credit Enhancement
Private-label MBS by
Year of Securitization
 
Par Value (1)
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
 
Weighted
Average
Percent
 
Range
Percent
Private-label residential MBS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2007
 
$
66,851

 
7.5
%
 
7.4 - 7.6

 
16.3
%
 
6.8 - 21.4
 
32.4
%
 
26.9 - 35.4
 
10.5
%
 
7.5 - 12.1
2006
 
16,690

 
6.9

 
6.9

 
28.1

 
28.1
 
44.0

 
44.0
 
0.0

 
0.0
2005
 
59,304

 
7.9

 
5.4 - 9.3

 
32.7

 
18.5 - 48.0
 
42.4

 
32.8 - 45.6
 
15.3

 
4.3 - 48.2
2004 and prior
 
146,492

 
9.1

 
3.7 - 19.1

 
17.4

 
2.7 - 65.3
 
30.4

 
20.6 - 47.5
 
15.7

 
6.0 - 71.0
Total
 
$
289,337

 
8.4
%
 
3.7 - 19.1

 
20.9
%
 
2.7 - 65.3
 
34.1
%
 
20.6 - 47.5
 
13.5
%
 
0.0 - 71.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alt-A (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2007
 
$
560,636

 
3.3
%
 
1.2 - 8.5

 
76.6
%
 
32.9 - 89.5
 
51.1
%
 
44.1 - 59.6
 
13.3
%
 
0.0 - 45.8
2006
 
911,736

 
3.5

 
1.6 - 6.0

 
73.5

 
40.1 - 88.0
 
52.8

 
42.4 - 57.9
 
15.6

 
0.0 - 49.4
2005
 
595,575

 
5.6

 
2.8 - 9.0

 
51.2

 
23.5 - 80.3
 
45.5

 
29.8 - 61.2
 
22.3

 
0.0 - 60.3
2004 and prior
 
58,164

 
8.9

 
6.4 - 14.8

 
35.7

 
2.1 - 47.7
 
38.1

 
20.6 - 48.5
 
24.7

 
7.5 - 38.9
Total
 
$
2,126,111

 
4.2
%
 
1.2 - 14.8

 
67.0
%
 
2.1 - 89.5
 
49.9
%
 
20.6 - 61.2
 
17.1
%
 
0.0 - 60.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ABS backed by home equity loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subprime (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2004 and prior
 
$
27,774

 
5.5
%
 
0.0 - 6.8

 
32.6
%
 
26.5 - 45.3
 
75.9
%
 
62.2 - 95.0
 
36.3
%
 
0.0 - 99.8
_______________________
(1)
Commercial private-label MBS with a par value of $10.6 million and a private-label residential MBS with a par value of $3.4 million that are backed by the Federal Housing Administration and the Department of Veteran Affairs loans are not included in this table.
(2)
Securities are classified in the table above based upon the current performance characteristics of the underlying pool and therefore the manner in which the collateral pool group backing the security has been modeled (as prime, Alt-A, or subprime), rather than the classification of the security at the time of issuance.

For purposes of the tables below we classify private-label residential and commercial MBS and ABS backed by home equity loans as prime, Alt-A, or subprime based on the originator's classification at the time of origination or based on the classification by an NRSRO upon issuance of the MBS. In some instances, the NRSROs may have changed their classification

70


subsequent to origination, which would not necessarily be reflected in the following tables.

Of our $9.3 billion in par value of MBS and ABS investments at March 31, 2012, $2.5 billion in par value are private-label MBS. These private-label MBS are comprised of the following:

$2.1 billion in par value are securities backed primarily by Alt-A loans;
$303.3 million in par value are backed primarily by prime residential and/or commercial loans; and
$27.8 million in par value of these investments are backed primarily by subprime mortgages.

While there are no universally accepted classifications of mortgage loans based on underwriting standards, in general, subprime underwriting implies a credit-impaired borrower with a FICO score below 660, prime underwriting implies a borrower without a history of delinquent payments as well as documented income and a loan amount that is at or less than 80 percent of the market value of the house, while Alt-A underwriting implies a prime borrower with limited income documentation and/or a loan-to-value ratio of higher than 80 percent. FICO® is a widely used credit-industry model developed by Fair Isaac and Company, Inc. to assess borrower credit quality with scores ranging from a low of 300 to a high of 850. While we generally follow the collateral type definitions provided by S&P, we do review the credit performance of the underlying collateral, and revise the classification where appropriate, an approach that is likewise incorporated into the modeling assumptions provided by the OTTI Governance Committee. For additional information on the OTTI Governance Committee, see — Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Estimates of the 2011 Annual Report.

The third-party collateral loan performance platform used by the FHLBank of San Francisco, with whom we have contracted to perform these analyses, assesses eight bonds that we own, totaling $76.9 million in par value as of March 31, 2012, to have collateral that is Alt-A in nature, while that same collateral is classified as prime by S&P. Accordingly, these bonds have been modeled using the same credit assumptions applied to Alt-A collateral. These bonds are reported as prime in the various tables below in this section.

Additionally, one bond classified as Alt-A collateral by S&P, of which we held $4.5 million in par value as of March 31, 2012, is classified and modeled as prime by the third-party modeling software. However this bond is reported as Alt-A in the various tables below in this section in accordance with S&P's classification. See — Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Estimates of the 2011 Annual Report for information on our key inputs, assumptions, and modeling employed by us in our other-than-temporary impairment assessments.

Unpaid Principal Balance of Private-Label MBS and ABS Backed by Home Equity Loans
by Fixed Rate or Variable Rate
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Private-label MBS
Fixed
Rate (1)
 
Variable
Rate (1)
 
Total
 
Fixed
Rate (1)
 
Variable
Rate (1)
 
Total
Private-label residential MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prime
$
23,251

 
$
269,483

 
$
292,734

 
$
23,846

 
$
292,663

 
$
316,509

Alt-A
41,054

 
2,085,057

 
2,126,111

 
42,153

 
2,147,908

 
2,190,061

Total private-label residential MBS
64,305

 
2,354,540

 
2,418,845

 
65,999

 
2,440,571

 
2,506,570

Private-label commercial MBS
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prime
10,586

 

 
10,586

 
10,586

 

 
10,586

ABS backed by home equity loans
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subprime

 
27,774

 
27,774

 

 
28,114

 
28,114

Total par value of private-label MBS
$
74,891

 
$
2,382,314

 
$
2,457,205

 
$
76,585

 
$
2,468,685

 
$
2,545,270

_______________________
 (1)
The determination of fixed or variable rate is based upon the contractual coupon type of the security.

The following tables provide additional information related to our investments in MBS issued by private trusts and ABS backed by home-equity loans, indicating whether the underlying mortgage collateral is considered to be prime, Alt-A, or subprime at the time of issuance. Additionally, the amounts outstanding as of March 31, 2012, are stratified by year of issuance of the security. The tables also set forth the credit ratings and summary credit enhancements associated with our private-label MBS

71


and ABS, stratified by collateral type and year of securitization. Average current credit enhancements as of March 31, 2012, reflect the percentage of subordinated class outstanding balances as of March 31, 2012, to our senior class outstanding balances as of March 31, 2012, weighted by the par value of our respective senior class securities, and shown by underlying loan collateral type and year of securitization. Average current credit enhancements as of March 31, 2012, are indicative of the ability of subordinated classes to absorb loan collateral lost principal and interest shortfall before senior classes are impacted.

Private-Label MBS and
ABS Backed by Home Equity Loans
by Year of Securitization - Prime
At March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private-label residential MBS - Prime
Total
 
2007
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004 and prior
Par value by credit rating
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

   Triple-A
$
3,977

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,977

   Double-A
31,611

 

 

 

 
31,611

   Single-A
36,526

 

 

 

 
36,526

   Triple-B
62,748

 
23,114

 

 

 
39,634

Below Investment Grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Double-B
21,723

 

 

 

 
21,723

   Single-B
23,688

 

 

 
15,939

 
7,749

   Triple-C
88,435

 
43,737

 

 
36,030

 
8,668

   Single-D
24,025

 

 
16,690

 
7,335

 

Total
292,733

 
66,851

 
16,690

 
59,304

 
149,888

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
281,852

 
66,820

 
13,126

 
52,545

 
149,361

Gross unrealized losses
(35,607
)
 
(4,721
)
 
(1,157
)
 
(9,168
)
 
(20,561
)
Fair value
246,353

 
62,099

 
11,969

 
43,377

 
128,908

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average percentage of fair value to par value
82.60
%
 
92.89
%
 
71.71
%
 
73.14
%
 
86.00
%
Original weighted average credit support
11.03

 
10.85

 
8.32

 
21.04

 
7.93

Weighted average credit support
13.57

 
10.50

 

 
15.30

 
15.54

Weighted average collateral delinquency (1)
12.90

 
8.00

 
18.86

 
19.35

 
10.72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private-label commercial MBS - Prime
Total
 
2007
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004 and prior
Par value by credit rating
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Triple-A
$
10,586

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
10,586

Amortized cost
10,545

 

 

 

 
10,545

Fair value
11,081

 

 

 

 
11,081

Weighted average percentage of fair value to par value
104.68
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
104.68
%
Original weighted average credit support
12.50

 

 

 

 
12.50

Weighted average credit support
14.54

 

 

 

 
14.54

Weighted average collateral delinquency (1)
1.07

 

 

 

 
1.07

_______________________
 (1)          Represents loans that are 60 days or more delinquent.


72


Private-Label MBS and
ABS Backed by Home Equity Loans
by Year of Securitization - Alt-A
At March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private-label residential MBS - Alt-A
Total
 
2007
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004 and prior
Par value by credit rating
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Triple-A
$
12,940

 
$

 
$

 
$
12,940

 
$

   Double-A
17,946

 
809

 

 

 
17,137

   Single-A
60,894

 

 

 
48,551

 
12,343

   Triple-B
12,761

 

 

 
1,958

 
10,803

Below Investment Grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Double-B
13,442

 

 

 
13,442

 

   Single-B
78,748

 
4,302

 

 
56,565

 
17,881

   Triple-C
1,016,164

 
226,715

 
511,034

 
278,415

 

   Double-C
311,152

 
86,666

 
90,418

 
134,068

 

   Single-C
53,492

 
21,901

 
31,591

 

 

   Single-D
548,573

 
220,244

 
278,693

 
49,636

 

Total
2,126,112

 
560,637

 
911,736

 
595,575

 
58,164

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
1,610,112

 
387,408

 
640,832

 
523,708

 
58,164

Gross unrealized losses
(449,289
)
 
(109,081
)
 
(189,067
)
 
(139,756
)
 
(11,385
)
Fair value
1,161,217

 
278,327

 
452,159

 
383,952

 
46,779

Other-than-temporary impairment for the three months ended March 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
(6,378
)
 
(79
)
 
(3,770
)
 
(2,529
)
 

Net amount of impairment losses reclassified to (from) accumulated other comprehensive loss
3,421

 
(301
)
 
1,193

 
2,529

 

Net impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities recognized in income
(2,957
)
 
(380
)
 
(2,577
)
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average percentage of fair value to par value
54.26
%
 
49.64
%
 
49.59
%
 
64.47
%
 
80.43
%
Original weighted average credit support
27.39

 
28.25

 
28.55

 
26.73

 
12.95

Weighted average credit support
18.10

 
13.32

 
15.60

 
22.27

 
24.71

Weighted average collateral delinquency (1)
39.33

 
44.65

 
42.98

 
27.56

 
17.98

_______________________
(1)          Represents loans that are 60 days or more delinquent.


73


Private-Label MBS and
ABS Backed by Home Equity Loans
by Year of Securitization - Subprime
At March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
ABS backed by home equity loans – Subprime
 
2004 and prior
Par value by credit rating
 
 

   Triple-A
 
$
7,937

   Double-A
 
6,745

   Single-A
 
5,487

Below Investment Grade
 
 
   Single-B
 
4,770

   Triple-C
 
1,883

   Single-D
 
952

Total
 
27,774

 
 
 
Amortized cost
 
27,050

Gross unrealized losses
 
(6,263
)
Fair value
 
20,787

Other-than-temporary impairment for the three months ended March 31, 2012:
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities
 

Net amount of impairment losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(3
)
Net impairment losses on held-to-maturity securities recognized in income
 
(3
)
 
 
 
Weighted average percentage of fair value to par value
 
74.84
%
Original weighted average credit support
 
9.98

Weighted average credit support
 
36.27

Weighted average collateral delinquency (1)
 
20.91

_______________________
(1)          Represents loans that are 60 days or more delinquent.

Carrying values and fair values in the table below are as of March 31, 2012.

Rating Agency Actions (1) 
Investments on Negative Watch as of April 30, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Private-Label Residential MBS
 
ABS Backed by Home
Equity Loans
 
HFA Securities
Investment Ratings
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Triple-A
 
$
2,389

 
$
2,244

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Double-A
 
18,465

 
16,102

 
4,392

 
3,297

 
82,675

 
72,776

Triple-B
 
8,899

 
7,320

 

 

 

 

Double-B
 
4,828

 
4,002

 

 

 

 

Triple-C
 

 

 
135

 
136

 

 

_______________________
(1)
Represents the lowest rating as of April 30, 2012 available for each security based on the NRSROs we use.

The following table provides a summary of credit-rating downgrades that have occurred during the period from April 1, 2012, through April 30, 2012 for our investments. Carrying values and fair values are as of March 31, 2012.

74



Rating Agency Actions (1) 
Ratings Downgrades
from April 1, 2012, through April 30, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Credit Rating as of
 
Carrying
 
Fair
Investment Category
March 31, 2012
 
April 30, 2012
 
Value
 
Value
Private-label - residential
AAA
 
A
 
$
1,061

 
$
966

Private-label - residential
AA
 
BBB
 
2,837

 
2,532

Private-label - residential
A
 
BBB
 
16,694

 
15,037

Private-label - residential
BBB
 
BB
 
6,662

 
5,383

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ABS backed by home equity loans
AAA
 
AA
 
1,002

 
708

ABS backed by home equity loans
AA
 
A
 
2,352

 
1,749

_______________________
(1)
Represents the lowest rating available for each security based on the NRSROs we use.

The following table provides certain characteristics our private-label MBS that are in a gross unrealized position by collateral
type.

Characteristics of Private-Label MBS in a Gross Unrealized Loss Position
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
March 31, 2012
 
April 30, 2012, Private-label MBS ratings
based on March 31, 2012, par value
 
Par Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Weighted
Average
Collateral
Delinquency
Rates
 

Percent AAA
 
Percent AAA
 
Percent
Investment
Grade
 
Percent
Below
Investment
Grade
 
Percent Watch List
Private-label residential MBS backed by:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prime first lien
$
289,356

 
$
278,474

 
$
(35,607
)
 
12.16
%
 
1.4
%
 
1.2
%
 
52.6
%
 
47.4
%
 
9.1
%
Alt-A option ARM
842,046

 
698,402

 
(224,739
)
 
43.67

 

 

 

 
100.0

 

Alt-A other
1,270,430

 
904,631

 
(224,550
)
 
34.81

 
1.0

 
1.0

 
7.9

 
92.1

 
1.0

Total private-label residential MBS
2,401,832

 
1,881,507

 
(484,896
)
 
35.19

 
0.7

 
0.7

 
9.7

 
90.3

 
1.5

ABS backed by home equity loans:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subprime first lien
27,774

 
27,050

 
(6,263
)
 
20.91

 
28.6

 
25.0

 
72.6

 
27.4

 
20.0

Total private-label MBS
$
2,429,606

 
$
1,908,557

 
$
(491,159
)
 
35.02
%
 
1.0
%
 
1.0
%
 
10.5
%
 
89.5
%
 
1.7
%
 
The following table provides the geographic concentrations by state and by metropolitan statistical area of the loans underlying our private-label MBS and ABS as of March 31, 2012, where such concentrations are five percent or greater of all loans underlying these investments.
 

75


Geographic Concentrations of Loans Underlying our Private-Label MBS and ABS
 
 
State concentrations
Percentage of Total Private-Label MBS and ABS
    California
39.5
%
    Florida
12.5

    All Other
48.0

 
100.0
%
Metropolitan Statistical Areas
 
    Los Angeles - Long Beach, CA
10.3
%
    Washington, D.C.-MD-VA-WV
5.9

    All Other
83.8

 
100.0
%
 
Since 2008, actual and projected delinquency, foreclosure, and loss rates for prime, subprime, and Alt-A mortgage loans have increased significantly nationwide. While trends have improved in some of these actual measures and their projected assumptions, they remain elevated as of the date of this report. In addition, home prices are severely depressed in many areas and nationwide unemployment rates are high, increasing the likelihood and magnitude of potential losses to lenders on troubled and/or foreclosed real estate. The widespread impact of these trends has led to the recognition of significant losses by financial institutions, including commercial banks, investment banks, and financial guaranty providers. Actual and expected credit losses on these securities together with uncertainty as to the degree, direction, and duration of these loss trends has led to the reduction in the market values of securities backed by residential mortgages, and has elevated the potential for additional credit losses due to the other-than-temporary impairment of some of these securities.

The following graph demonstrates how average prices have changed with respect to various asset classes in our MBS portfolio during the 12 months ended March 31, 2012:


Insured Investments

Certain private-label MBS that we own are insured by monoline insurers, which guarantee the timely payment of principal and interest on such MBS if such payments cannot be satisfied from the cash flows of the underlying mortgage pool. The assessment for other-than-temporary impairment of the MBS protected by such third-party insurance is described in Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment.
 
The following table provides the credit ratings of the third-party insurers.



76


Monoline Insurance and GSE Guarantees of MBS and
ABS Backed by Home Equity Loan Investments
Credit Ratings and Outlook
As of April 30, 2012
 
 
Moody's
 
S&P
 
Fitch
 
Credit Rating
 
Outlook / Negative Watch
 
Credit Rating
 
Outlook / Negative Watch
 
Credit Rating
 
Outlook / Negative Watch
Ambac Assurance Corporation (1)
Removed
 
NA
 
Removed
 
NA
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp.
Aa3
 
Negative Watch
 
AA-
 
Stable
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
MBIA Insurance Corporation (2)
B3
 
Negative Watch
 
B
 
Negative
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
Syncora Guarantee Inc. (1)
Ca
 
Developing
 
Removed
 
NA
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company (1)
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
 
Not Rated
Fannie Mae
Aaa
 
Negative
 
AA+
 
Negative
 
AAA
 
Negative
Freddie Mac
Aaa
 
Negative
 
AA+
 
Negative
 
AAA
 
Negative
_______________________
(1)
We placed no reliance on these monoline insurers in our models estimating the projected cash flows to determine other-than-temporary impairment. See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information.
(2)
MBIA Insurance Corp.'s burnout period ends in June 2012. See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information.

The following table shows our private-label MBS and ABS backed by home equity loan investments covered by monoline insurance and related gross unrealized losses.

Par Value of Monoline Insurance Coverage and Related Unrealized Losses
of Private-Label MBS and
ABS Backed by Home Equity Loan Investments by Year of Securitization
At March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Ambac
 Assurance Corp (1)
 
Assured Guaranty
Municipal Corp
 
MBIA
 Insurance Corp (2)
 
Syncora
Guarantee Inc. (1)
 
Financial Guaranty
Insurance Co. (1)
 
Monoline
Insurance
Coverage
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Monoline
Insurance
Coverage
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Monoline
Insurance
Coverage
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Monoline
Insurance
Coverage
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Monoline
Insurance
Coverage
 
Unrealized
Losses
Private-label MBS by Year of Securitization
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Alt-A
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2007
$
58,470

 
$
(12,370
)
 
$
809

 
$
(9
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

2006
13,889

 
(3,730
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005
28,751

 
(8,497
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004 and prior
1,354

 
(219
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Alt-A
102,464

 
(24,816
)
 
809

 
(9
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subprime
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

2004 and prior
1,906

 
(106
)
 
7,129

 
(1,842
)
 
14,130

 
(2,983
)
 
3,680

 
(1,040
)
 
929

 
(292
)
Total private-label MBS
$
104,370

 
$
(24,922
)
 
$
7,938

 
$
(1,851
)
 
$
14,130

 
$
(2,983
)
 
$
3,680

 
$
(1,040
)
 
$
929

 
$
(292
)
_______________________
(1)
We placed no reliance on these monoline insurers in our models estimating the projected cash flows to determine other-than-temporary impairment. See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information.
(2)
MBIA Insurance Corp.'s burnout period ends in June 2012. See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information.

Our total investments in HFA securities was $199.6 million as of March 31, 2012. The following table provides the geographic concentrations by state of our HFA investments where such concentrations are five percent or greater of our total HFA investments as of March 31, 2012.

77



State Concentrations of HFA Securities
 
 
Carrying Value
 
Percent of Total HFA Investments
Massachusetts
 
$
113,790

 
57.0
%
Rhode Island
 
30,370

 
15.2

Connecticut
 
25,000

 
12.5

Maine
 
15,000

 
7.5

All Other
 
15,394

 
7.8

 
 
$
199,554

 
100.0
%

Standby Bond-Purchase Agreements. We have entered into standby bond-purchase agreements with one state HFA whereby we, for a fee, agree to purchase and hold the HFA's unremarketed bonds until the designated remarketing agent can find a new investor or the state HFA repurchases the bonds in accordance with a schedule established by the agreement. Each agreement contains termination provisions in the event of a rating downgrade of the subject bond. Standby bond purchase commitments totaled $169.2 million at March 31, 2012, to this HFA. All of the bonds underlying the commitments to this HFA maintain standalone ratings of triple-A from two NRSROs.

Mortgage Loans

As of March 31, 2012, our mortgage loan investment portfolio totaled $3.2 billion, an increase of $57.2 million from the December 31, 2011, balance of $3.1 billion. This increase occurred notwithstanding increasing prepayments on these investments, which could reflect growing interest in MPF.

References to our investments in mortgage loans throughout this report include the 100 percent participation interests in mortgage loans purchased under a participation facility we have with the FHLBank of Chicago. The expiration date of this facility has been extended to June 30, 2013. As of March 31, 2012, we had $213.6 million in 100 percent participation interests outstanding that had been purchased under this facility. For additional information on this facility, see Item 1 — Business — Mortgage Loan Finance — MPF Loan Participations with the FHLBank of Chicago of the 2011 Annual Report .

Mortgage Loans Credit Risk.

We are subject to credit risk from the mortgage loans in which we invest due to our exposure to the credit risk of the underlying borrowers and the credit risk of the participating financial institutions when the participating financial institutions retain credit-enhancement and/or servicing obligations. For additional information on the credit risks arising from our participation in the MPF program, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition — Mortgage Loans — Mortgage Loans Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

Although our mortgage loan portfolio includes loans throughout the U.S., concentrations of five percent or greater of the outstanding principal balance of our conventional mortgage loan portfolio are shown in the following table:
State Concentrations by Outstanding Principal Balance
 
Percentage of Total Outstanding Principal Balance of Conventional Mortgage Loans
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
    Massachusetts
36
%
 
35
%
    California
11

 
12

    Connecticut
9

 
9

    Maine
7

 
6

    Wisconsin
6

 
6

    All others
31

 
32

    Total
100
%
 
100
%
Although delinquent loans in our portfolio are spread throughout the U.S., delinquent loan concentrations of five percent or greater of the outstanding principal balance of our total conventional mortgage loans delinquent by more than 30 days are shown in the following table:

78



State Concentrations of Delinquent Conventional Mortgage Loans
 
Percentage of Total Outstanding Principal Balance of Delinquent Conventional Mortgage Loans
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
    Massachusetts
25
%
 
24
%
    California
23

 
23

    Connecticut
8

 
9

    All others
44

 
44

    Total
100
%
 
100
%

Allowance for Credit Losses on Mortgage Loans. The allowance for credit losses on mortgage loans was $6.6 million at March 31, 2012, compared with $7.8 million at December 31, 2011. The principal reason for this decline is an increase in the portion of expected losses that exceed our first loss account and will be absorbed by the participating financial institution. For information on the determination of the allowance at March 31, 2012, see Item 1— Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 9 — Allowance for Credit Losses, and for information on our methodology for estimating the allowance, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Estimates — Allowance for Loan Losses in the 2011 Annual Report.

We place conventional mortgage loans on nonaccrual when the collection of the contractual principal or interest is 90 days or more past due. Accrued interest on nonaccrual loans is reversed against interest income. We monitor the delinquency levels of the mortgage loan portfolio on a monthly basis. The following table presents our delinquent loans (dollars in thousands).
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Nonaccrual loans, par value
$
51,467

 
$
54,927

Total par value past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest (1)
25,475

 
24,438

_______________________
(1)
Represents government mortgage loans.

Higher-Risk Loans. Our portfolio includes certain higher-risk conventional mortgage loans. These include high loan-to-value ratio mortgage loans and subprime mortgage loans. The higher-risk loans represent a relatively small portion of our conventional mortgage loan portfolio (7.5 percent by outstanding principal balance), but a disproportionately higher portion of the conventional mortgage loan portfolio delinquencies (33.0 percent by outstanding principal balance). Our allowance for loan losses reflects the expected losses associated with these higher-risk loan types. The table below shows the balance of higher-risk conventional mortgage loans and their delinquency rates as of March 31, 2012.
 
Summary of Higher-Risk Conventional Mortgage Loans
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
High-Risk Loan Type
 
Total Par Value
 
Percent
Delinquent
30 Days
 
Percent
Delinquent
 60 Days
 
Percent
Delinquent 90
Days or More and
Nonaccruing
Subprime loans (1)
 
$
196,528

 
5.65
%
 
1.53
%
 
7.22
%
High loan-to-value loans (2)
 
14,655

 

 
4.52

 
4.43

Subprime and high loan-to-value loans (3)
 
1,709

 
15.76

 

 
12.56

Total high-risk loans
 
$
212,892

 
5.34
%
 
1.73
%
 
7.07
%
_______________________
(1)
Subprime loans are loans to borrowers with FICO credit scores 660 or lower.
(2)
High loan-to-value loans have an estimated current loan-to-value ratio greater than 100 percent based on movements in property values in the core-based statistical areas where the property securing the loan is located.
(3)
These loans are subprime and also have a current estimated loan-to-value ratio greater than 100 percent.

79



Our portfolio consists solely of fixed-rate conventionally amortizing first-lien mortgage loans. The portfolio does not include adjustable-rate mortgage loans, pay-option adjustable-rate mortgage loans, interest-only mortgage loans, junior lien mortgage loans, or loans with initial teaser rates.

Mortgage Insurance Companies. We are exposed to credit risk from mortgage insurance companies that provide credit enhancement in place of the participating financial institution and for primary mortgage insurance coverage on individual loans. As of March 31, 2012, we were the beneficiary of primary mortgage insurance coverage on $219.2 million of conventional mortgage loans, and we were the beneficiary of supplemental mortgage insurance coverage on mortgage pools with a total unpaid principal balance of $33.1 million. Eight mortgage insurance companies provide all of the coverage under these policies.
 
As of April 30, 2012, all of these mortgage insurance companies have a credit rating of triple-B or lower (or equivalent) by at least one NRSRO as presented in the below table. Ordinarily we do not accept primary mortgage insurance from a mortgage insurance company unless that company is rated at least triple-B by S&P (although we may accept lower-rated mortgage insurance provided we obtain additional credit enhancement in such form as we deem appropriate and of substance sufficient to mitigate the risks of relying on such lower rated primary mortgage insurance). Given that only two mortgage insurance companies have a credit rating of at least triple-B as of April 30, 2012, we could develop increasing concentrations of exposure to those mortgage insurance companies. We have established and maintain limits on exposure to individual mortgage insurance companies in an effort to mitigate those concentration risks. However, those exposure limits have, in turn, led to fewer mortgage loan investment opportunities for us.

We have analyzed our potential loss exposure to all of the mortgage insurance companies and do not expect incremental losses based on these exposures. This expectation is based on the credit-enhancement features of our master commitments (exclusive of mortgage insurance), the underwriting characteristics of the loans that back our master commitments, the seasoning of the loans that back these master commitments, and the strong performance of the loans to date. We have monitored the financial condition of these mortgage insurance companies. Further, we required all new supplemental mortgage insurance policies be with companies rated AA- or higher by S&P. However, none of the eight mortgage insurance companies previously approved by us are currently eligible to write new supplemental mortgage insurance policies for loan pools sold to us. We do not currently invest in mortgage loans that rely on supplemental mortgage insurance to be eligible investments.


Mortgage Insurance Companies that Provide Mortgage Insurance Coverage
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
As of April 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Mortgage Insurance
Company
 
Mortgage Insurance Company Ratings
(S&P/ Moody's/Fitch
 
Credit Rating Outlook
 
Balance of
Loans with
Primary Mortgage Insurance
 
Primary Mortgage Insurance
 
Supplemental
Mortgage Insurance
 
Mortgage Insurance Coverage
 
Percent of Total Mortgage Insurance Coverage
United Guaranty Residential Insurance Corporation
 
BBB/Baa1/NR
 
Stable
 
$
68,520

 
$
15,894

 
$

 
$
15,894

 
31.8
%
Genworth Mortgage Insurance Corporation
 
B/Ba1/NR
 
Negative
 
55,715

 
13,166

 

 
13,166

 
26.4

Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation
 
B/B1/NR
 
Negative
 
42,934

 
9,305

 

 
9,305

 
18.6

PMI Mortgage Insurance Company (1)
 
R/Caa3/NR
 
Negative
 
15,461

 
3,277

 

 
3,277

 
6.6

CMG Mortgage Insurance Company
 
BBB/NR/BBB
 
Negative
 
13,584

 
3,229

 

 
3,229

 
6.5

Radian Guaranty Incorporated
 
B/Ba3/NR
 
Negative
 
10,238

 
1,941

 

 
1,941

 
3.9

Republic Mortgage Insurance Company (2)
 
R/NR/NR
 
Negative Watch
 
9,602

 
1,874

 
649

 
2,523

 
5.0

Triad Guaranty Insurance Corporation
 
NR/NR/NR
 
N/A
 
3,133

 
576

 

 
576

 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
219,187

 
$
49,262

 
$
649

 
$
49,911

 
100.0
%

80


_______________________
(1)
On October 20, 2011, the Arizona Department of Insurance took possession and control of PMI Mortgage Insurance Company and beginning October 24, 2011, PMI Mortgage Insurance Company has been directed to only pay 50 percent of the claim amounts with the remaining claim amounts being deferred until the company is liquidated.
(2)
On January 19, 2012, the North Carolina Department of Insurance issued an Order of Supervision providing for immediate
administrative supervision of Republic Mortgage Insurance Co. (RMIC). Under the order, RMIC continues to manage the
business through its employees, and retains its status as a wholly-owned subsidiary of its parent holding company, Old Republic International Corporation. The primary effect is that RMIC may not pay more than 50 percent of any claims allowed under any policy of insurance it has issued. The remaining 50 percent will be deferred and credited to a temporary surplus account on the books of RMIC during an initial period not to exceed one year. Accordingly, all claim payments made on January 19, 2012, and thereafter will be made at the rate of 50 percent.

Deposits

At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, deposits totaled $760.4 million and $654.2 million, respectively.
 
Term deposits issued in amounts of $100,000 or greater at both March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 amounted to $20.0 million, with a maturity date in 2014, and a weighted average rate of 4.71 percent.

Derivative Instruments
 
All derivative instruments are recorded on the statement of condition at fair value, and are classified as assets or liabilities according to the net fair value of derivatives aggregated by counterparty. Derivative assets' net fair value, net of cash collateral and accrued interest, totaled $180,000 and $16.5 million as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively. Derivative liabilities' net fair value, net of cash collateral and accrued interest, totaled $842.2 million and $905.3 million as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.

The following table presents a summary of the notional amounts and estimated fair values of our outstanding derivative instruments, excluding accrued interest, and related hedged item by product and type of accounting treatment as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011. The notional amount is a factor in determining periodic interest payments or cash flows received and paid. Accordingly, the notional amount does not represent actual amounts exchanged or our overall exposure to credit and market risk. The hedge designation “fair value” represents the hedge classification for transactions that qualify for hedge-accounting treatment and hedge changes in fair value attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate, which is LIBOR. The hedge designation "cash flow" represents a hedge strategy that hedges the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows. The hedge designation “economic” represents hedge strategies that do not qualify for hedge accounting, but are acceptable hedging strategies under our risk-management policy.
 

81


Hedged Item and Hedge-Accounting Treatment
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Hedged Item
 
Derivative
 
Designation
 
Notional
Amount
 
Fair
 Value
 
Notional
Amount
 
Fair
Value
Advances
 
Swaps
 
Fair value
 
$
7,657,257

 
$
(563,507
)
 
$
7,850,557

 
$
(603,754
)
 
 
Swaps
 
Economic
 
10,750

 
(227
)
 
10,750

 
(282
)
Total associated with advances
 
 
 
 
 
7,668,007

 
(563,734
)
 
7,861,307

 
(604,036
)
Available-for-sale securities
 
Swaps
 
Fair value
 
711,915

 
(329,806
)
 
711,915

 
(379,375
)
 
 
Caps and floors
 
Economic
 
300,000

 
765

 
300,000

 
786

Total associated with available-for-sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
1,011,915

 
(329,041
)
 
1,011,915

 
(378,589
)
Trading securities
 
Swaps
 
Economic
 
225,000

 
(26,963
)
 
225,000

 
(29,503
)
COs
 
Swaps
 
Fair value
 
10,203,550

 
118,565

 
10,743,550

 
196,640

 
 
Forward starting swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
1,250,000

 
(34,983
)
 
700,000

 
(31,981
)
Total associated with COs
 
 
 
 
 
11,453,550

 
83,582

 
11,443,550

 
164,659

Deposits
 
Swaps
 
Fair value
 
20,000

 
3,687

 
20,000

 
3,986

Total
 
 
 
 
 
20,378,472

 
(832,469
)
 
20,561,772

 
(843,483
)
Mortgage delivery commitments
 
 
 
 
 
69,509

 
28

 
17,734

 
128

Total derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
$
20,447,981

 
(832,441
)
 
$
20,579,506

 
(843,355
)
Accrued interest
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
(7,983
)
 
 

 
(25,187
)
Cash collateral
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
(1,561
)
 
 

 
(20,241
)
Net derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
$
(841,985
)
 
 

 
$
(888,783
)
Derivative asset
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
$
180

 
 

 
$
16,521

Derivative liability
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
(842,165
)
 
 

 
(905,304
)
Net derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
$
(841,985
)
 
 

 
$
(888,783
)

The following tables provide a summary of our hedging relationships for fair-value hedges of advances and COs that qualify for hedge accounting by year of contractual maturity. Interest accruals on interest-rate-exchange agreements in qualifying hedge relationships are recorded as interest income on advances and interest expense on COs in the statement of operations. The notional amount of derivatives in qualifying hedge relationships of advances and COs totals $17.9 billion, representing 87.3 percent of all derivatives outstanding as of March 31, 2012. Economic hedges are not included within the two tables below.
 
Fair Value Hedge Relationships of Advances
By Year of Contractual Maturity
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-Average Yield (3)
 
Derivatives
 
Advances (1)
 
 
 
Derivatives
 
 
Maturity
Notional
 
Fair Value
 
Hedged
Amount
 
Fair Value
Adjustment(2)
 
Advances
 
Receive
Floating
Rate
 
Pay
Fixed
Rate
 
Net Receive
Result
Due in one year or less
$
1,213,050

 
$
(19,099
)
 
$
1,213,050

 
$
19,031

 
3.59
%
 
0.52
%
 
3.47
%
 
0.64
%
Due after one year through two years
895,710

 
(39,546
)
 
895,710

 
39,460

 
3.76

 
0.51

 
3.53

 
0.74

Due after two years through three years
934,050

 
(52,285
)
 
934,050

 
52,145

 
3.21

 
0.51

 
2.96

 
0.76

Due after three years through four years
765,027

 
(50,872
)
 
765,027

 
50,805

 
3.09

 
0.52

 
2.79

 
0.82

Due after four years through five years
1,351,530

 
(122,690
)
 
1,351,530

 
121,017

 
3.36

 
0.51

 
3.09

 
0.78

Thereafter
2,497,890

 
(279,015
)
 
2,497,890

 
277,760

 
3.72

 
0.51

 
3.46

 
0.77

Total
$
7,657,257

 
$
(563,507
)
 
$
7,657,257

 
$
560,218

 
3.52
%
 
0.51
%
 
3.27
%
 
0.76
%
_______________________

82


(1)
Included in the advances hedged amount are $4.5 billion of putable advances, which would accelerate the termination date of the derivative and the hedged item if the put option is exercised.
(2)
The fair-value adjustment of hedged advances represents the amounts recorded for changes in the fair value attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate, LIBOR.
(3)
The yield for floating-rate instruments and the floating-rate leg of interest-rate swaps is the coupon rate in effect as of March 31, 2012.
 
Fair Value Hedge Relationships of Consolidated Obligations
By Year of Contractual Maturity
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-Average Yield (3)
 
Derivatives
 
CO Bonds(1)
 
 
 
Derivatives
 
 
Year of Maturity
Notional
 
Fair Value
 
Hedged Amount
 
Fair Value
Adjustment(2)
 
CO Bonds
 
Receive
Fixed Rate
 
Pay
Floating
 Rate
 
Net Pay
Result
Due in one year or less
$
3,635,450

 
$
14,048

 
$
3,635,450

 
$
(14,055
)
 
1.06
%
 
1.07
%
 
0.34
%
 
0.33
%
Due after one year through two years
3,993,100

 
51,077

 
3,993,100

 
(50,896
)
 
1.37

 
1.41

 
0.42

 
0.38

Due after two years through three years
1,050,000

 
13,972

 
1,050,000

 
(13,992
)
 
1.20

 
1.23

 
0.30

 
0.27

Due after three years through four years
625,000

 
19,240

 
625,000

 
(19,259
)
 
1.73

 
1.72

 
0.35

 
0.36

Due after four years through five years
605,000

 
842

 
605,000

 
(941
)
 
1.06

 
1.03

 
0.33

 
0.36

Thereafter
295,000

 
19,386

 
295,000

 
(19,754
)
 
2.61

 
2.61

 
0.35

 
0.35

Total
$
10,203,550

 
$
118,565

 
$
10,203,550

 
$
(118,897
)
 
1.28
%
 
1.30
%
 
0.37
%
 
0.35
%
_______________________
(1)
Included in the CO Bonds hedged amount are $650.0 million of callable CO Bonds, which would accelerate the termination date of the derivative and the hedged item if the call option is exercised.
(2) 
The fair-value adjustment of hedged CO bonds represents the amounts recorded for changes in the fair value attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate, LIBOR.
(3)
The yield for floating-rate instruments and the floating-rate leg of interest-rate swaps is the coupon rate in effect as of March 31, 2012.
 
We engage in derivatives directly with affiliates of certain of our members that act as derivatives dealers to us. These derivative contracts are entered into for our own risk-management purposes and are not related to requests from our members to enter into such contracts. See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 19 — Transactions with Related Parties for outstanding derivative contracts with affiliates of members.

Derivative Instruments Credit Risk. We are subject to credit risk on derivative instruments. This risk arises from the risk of counterparty default on the derivative contract. The amount of loss created by default is the replacement cost of the defaulted contract, net of any collateral held by us or pledged by us to counterparties (unsecured derivatives exposure). We currently receive only cash collateral from counterparties with whom we are in a current positive fair-value position. The resulting net exposure at fair value is reflected in the below table. We presently pledge only securities collateral to counterparties with whom we are in a current negative fair-value position. From time to time, due to timing differences or derivatives valuation differences, and the contractual haircuts applied, we pledge to counterparties securities collateral whose fair value exceeds the current negative fair-value positions with them. The resulting unsecured credit exposure to these latter counterparties as of March 31, 2012 was $13.1 million.

We note that our derivatives instruments could require us to deliver additional collateral to certain of our counterparties if our credit rating is downgraded by an NRSRO, which could increase our exposure to loss in the event of a default by a counterparty to which we were the net creditor at the time of any such default, as further detailed in Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging Activities. For information on how we mitigate the credit risk from unsecured credit exposures under our derivatives instruments, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition — Derivative Instruments Credit Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

We note that during the quarter ended March 31, 2012, we had two Eurozone derivatives counterparties: one domiciled in France and one domiciled in Germany. We continue to use the same safeguards and approaches to these counterparties to protect against unanticipated exposures arising from possible contagion from the Eurozone financial crisis that are discussed under Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Market Conditions — European Sovereign Debt Crisis in the 2011 Annual Report. We had no unsecured derivatives exposure to either

83


Eurozone financial institution on March 31, 2012. Our maximum unsecured derivatives exposure to any Eurozone counterparty was $38.3 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2012.

The following table presents derivative counterparty credit exposure as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.
Derivative Instruments
(dollars in thousands)
 
Notional
Amount
 
Number of
Counterparties
 
Total Net
Exposure at
Fair Value (3)
As of March 31, 2012
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements: (1)
 

 
 

 
 

Double-A
$
790,000

 
2

 
$

Single-A
19,588,472

 
11

 
66

Total interest-rate-exchange agreements
20,378,472

 
13

 
66

Commitments to invest in mortgage loans (2)
69,509

 

 
114

Total derivatives
$
20,447,981

 
13

 
$
180

 
 

 
 

 
 

As of December 31, 2011
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-rate-exchange agreements: (1)
 

 
 

 
 

Double-A
$
575,000

 
2

 
$
16,393

Single-A
19,986,772

 
11

 

Total interest-rate-exchange agreements
20,561,772

 
13

 
16,393

Commitments to invest in mortgage loans (2)
17,734

 

 
128

Total derivatives
$
20,579,506

 
13

 
$
16,521

_______________________
(1)
Ratings are obtained from Moody's, Fitch, and S&P. If there is a split rating, the lowest rating is used. In the case where the obligations are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed, the rating of the guarantor is used.
(2)
Total fair-value exposures related to commitments to invest in mortgage loans are offset by certain pair-off fees. Commitments to invest in mortgage loans are reflected as derivative instruments. We do not collateralize these commitments. However, should the participating financial institution fail to deliver the mortgage loans as agreed, the participating financial institution is charged a fee to compensate us for the nonperformance.
(3)
Total net exposure of positive fair value netted with cash collateral received from derivative counterparties.
 
The following counterparties accounted for more than 10 percent of the total notional amount of interest-rate-exchange agreements outstanding (dollars in thousands):

 
 
March 31, 2012
Counterparty
 
Notional Amount
Outstanding
 
Percent of Total
Notional
Outstanding
 
Fair Value
Deutsche Bank AG
 
$
3,257,965

 
16.0
%
 
$
(347,312
)
Citigroup Financial Products, Inc.
 
3,080,040

 
15.1

 
(68,263
)
Barclays Bank PLC
 
2,732,795

 
13.4

 
(66,259
)
JP Morgan Chase Bank NA
 
2,121,400

 
10.4

 
(98,010
)
Goldman Sachs Bank USA
 
2,039,725

 
10.0

 
(69,949
)


84


 
 
December 31, 2011
Counterparty
 
Notional Amount
Outstanding
 
Percent of Total
Notional
Outstanding
 
Fair Value
Barclays Bank PLC
 
$
3,085,095

 
15.0
%
 
$
(66,457
)
Deutsche Bank AG
 
2,957,965

 
14.4

 
(407,931
)
Citigroup Financial Products, Inc.
 
2,749,040

 
13.4

 
(73,395
)
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc.
 
2,414,150

 
11.7

 
(115,873
)
Goldman Sachs Bank USA
 
2,286,725

 
11.1

 
(78,858
)

We may deposit funds with these counterparties and their affiliates for short-term money-market investments, including overnight federal funds, term federal funds, and interest-bearing certificates of deposit. Terms for outstanding investments are currently overnight to 35 days. We also engage in short-term secured reverse repurchase agreements with affiliates of these counterparties. All of these counterparties affiliates buy, sell, and distribute our COs.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Our financial strategies are designed to enable us to expand and contract our assets, liabilities, and capital in response to changes in membership composition and member credit needs. Our primary source of liquidity is our access to the capital markets through CO issuance, which is described in Item 1 — Business — Consolidated Obligations in the 2011 Annual Report. Outstanding COs and the condition of the market for COs are discussed below under — External Sources of Liquidity. Our equity capital resources are governed by our capital plan, certain portions of which are described under — Capital below as well as by applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
 
Liquidity

Internal Sources of Liquidity

We maintain structural liquidity to ensure we meet our day-to-day business needs and our contractual obligations. We define structural liquidity as the difference between projected sources and uses of funds (projected net cash flow) adjusted to include certain assumed contingent, noncontractual obligations or behavioral assumptions (cumulative contingent obligations). Cumulative contingent obligations include the assumption that member overnight deposits are withdrawn at a rate of 50 percent per day and commitments (MPF and other commitments) are taken down at a conservatively projected pace. We define available liquidity as the sources of funds available to us through our normal access to the capital markets, subject to leverage, credit line capacity, and collateral constraints. The risk-management policy requires us to maintain structural liquidity each day so that any excess of uses over sources is covered by available liquidity for a four-week forecast period and 50 percent of the excess of uses over sources is covered by available liquidity over eight- and 12-week forecast periods. In addition to these minimum requirements, management measures structural liquidity over a three-month forecast period. If the excess of uses over sources is not fully covered by available liquidity over a two-month or three-month forecast period, a management action trigger is breached and senior management is immediately notified so that a decision can be made as to whether immediate remedial action is necessary.

The following table shows our structural liquidity as of March 31, 2012.

Structural Liquidity
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
1 Month
 
2 Months
 
3 Months
Projected net cash flow (1)
$
1,141,311

 
$
(2,086,593
)
 
$
(2,655,798
)
Less: Cumulative contingent obligations
(4,261,836
)
 
(5,585,877
)
 
(6,798,323
)
Equals: Net structural liquidity need
(3,120,525
)
 
(7,672,470
)
 
(9,454,121
)
Available borrowing capacity (2)
$
37,514,289

 
$
41,256,687

 
$
43,852,869

Ratio of available borrowing capacity to net structural liquidity need
12.02

 
5.38

 
4.64

Required ratio
1.00

 
0.50

 
0.50

Management action trigger

 
1.00

 
1.00


85


_______________________
(1)
Projected net cash flow equals projected sources of funds less projected uses of funds based on contractual maturities or expected option exercise periods, as applicable.
(2)
Available borrowing capacity is the CO issuance capacity based on achieving leverage up to our internal minimum capital requirement. For information on this internal minimum capital requirement, see — Internal Capital Practices and Policies — Internal Minimum Capital Plan Requirements.

Finance Agency regulations require us to hold contingency liquidity in an amount sufficient to enable us to cover our liquidity requirements for a minimum of five business days without access the CO debt markets. We complied with this requirement at all times during the three months ended March 31, 2012. As of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we held a surplus of $11.0 billion and $12.8 billion, respectively, of contingency liquidity for the following five days, exclusive of access to the proceeds of CO debt issuance. The following table demonstrates our contingency liquidity as of March 31, 2012.

Contingency Liquidity
As of March 31, 2012
(dollars in thousands)
 
Cumulative
Fifth
Business Day
Projected net cash flow (1)
$
(716,900
)
Contingency borrowing capacity (exclusive of CO issuances)
11,718,698

Net contingency borrowing capacity
$
11,001,798

_______________________
(1)
Projected net cash flow equals projected sources of funds less projected uses of funds based on contractual maturities or expected option exercise periods, as applicable.

In addition, certain Finance Agency guidance requires us to maintain sufficient liquidity, through short-term investments, in an amount at least equal to our anticipated cash outflows under two different scenarios. One scenario assumes that we cannot borrow funds from the capital markets for a period of 15 days and that during that time members do not renew any maturing, prepaid, and put or called advances. The second scenario assumes that we cannot borrow funds from the capital markets for five days and that during that period we will renew maturing and called advances for all members except very large, highly rated members. We were in compliance with these liquidity requirements at all times during the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
Further, we are sensitive to maintaining an appropriate funding balance between our assets and liabilities and have an established policy that limits the potential gap between assets with maturities inclusive of projected prepayments greater than one year funded by liabilities maturing inclusive of projected calls in less than one year. The established policy limits this imbalance to a gap of 20 percent of total assets with a management action trigger should this gap exceed 10 percent of total assets. We maintained compliance with this requirement at all times during the three months ended March 31, 2012. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, this gap averaged 6.6 percent (maximum level 7.4 percent and minimum level 5.2 percent). As of March 31, 2012, this gap was 7.4 percent, compared with 9.2 percent at December 31, 2011.

External Sources of Liquidity

FHLBank P&I Funding Contingency Plan Agreement
 
We have a source of emergency external liquidity through the FHLBank P&I Funding Contingency Plan Agreement. Under the terms of that agreement, in the event we do not fund our principal and interest payments under a CO by deadlines established in the agreement, the other FHLBanks will be obligated to fund any shortfall to the extent that any of the other FHLBanks have a net positive settlement balance (that is, the amount by which end-of-day proceeds received by such FHLBank from the sale of COs on that day exceeds payments by such FHLBank on COs on the same day) in its account with the Office of Finance on the day the shortfall occurs. We would then be required to repay the funding FHLBanks. Neither we or any of the other FHLBanks have ever drawn upon this agreement.

Debt Financing Consolidated Obligations
 
At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, outstanding COs for which we are primarily liable, including both CO bonds and CO discount notes, totaled $41.4 billion and $44.5 billion, respectively.

86



CO bonds outstanding for which we are primarily liable at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, include issued callable bonds totaling $1.5 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively.
 
CO discount notes are also a significant funding source for us. CO discount notes are short-term instruments with maturities ranging from overnight to one year. We use CO discount notes primarily to fund short-term advances and investments and longer-term advances and investments with short repricing intervals. CO discount notes comprised 31.0 percent and 32.9 percent of the outstanding COs for which we are primarily liable at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively, but accounted for 92.8 percent and 99.2 percent of the proceeds from the issuance of such COs during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, due, in particular, to our frequent overnight CO discount note issuances.

See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 12 — Consolidated Obligations for additional information on the COs for which we primarily liable.

Financial Conditions for Consolidated Obligations

We have experienced relatively favorable CO issuance costs and good market access during the period covered by this report. Financial markets were relatively calmer than during the preceding two quarters as uncertainties about European sovereignties and financial institution abated due, in part, to actions by the European Central Bank to provide liquidity. The U.S. economy grew modestly during the quarter ended March 31, 2012, and employment growth was generally stronger throughout this period than it had been throughout the second half of 2011.

We continue to operate in a prolonged, historically low-interest rate environment as discussed under — Executive Summary — Continuing and Prolonged Low-Interest Rate Environment. Overall, we have experienced relatively low CO issuance costs during 2011 continuing into 2012, reflecting the low-interest rate environment together with a flight to quality due to the sovereign debt crisis in Europe, though easing pressures in Europe caused a slight increase in our relative cost of funding. We have experienced good market demand for all tenors of COs with the strongest demand for short-term COs, and have had no difficulty issuing debt in the amounts and structures required to meet our funding and risk management needs. Throughout the three months ended March 31, 2012, COs were issued at yields that were generally at or below equivalent-maturity LIBOR swap yields for debt maturing in less than five years, while longer term issues bore funding costs that were typically higher than equivalent maturity LIBOR swap yields. We continue to experience similar pricing into the second quarter of 2012.

Capital

Our total GAAP capital decreased $165.9 million to $3.3 billion at March 31, 2012, from $3.5 billion at December 31, 2011. The decrease was attributable to the excess capital stock repurchase of $237.4 million in March 2012, offset by a net reduction of $14.6 million in accumulated other comprehensive income, a $42.4 million increase in retained earnings, and the purchase of $14.6 million of capital stock by members during the three months ended March 31, 2012.

The FHLBank Act and Finance Agency regulations specify that each FHLBank is required to satisfy certain minimum regulatory capital requirements. We were in compliance with these requirements at March 31, 2012, as discussed in Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 14 — Capital.

Our ability to expand in response to member-credit needs is based primarily on the capital-stock requirements for advances. Members without excess stock are required to increase their capital-stock investment as their outstanding advances increase, as described in Item 1 — Business — Capital Resources in the 2011 Annual Report. As discussed in that Item, we may repurchase excess stock in our sole discretion, although we note our continuing moratorium on repurchases of excess stock other than in limited, former member-related instances of insolvency. We did conduct a partial repurchase of excess stock on March 9, 2012, as discussed under — Executive Summary — Partial Repurchase of Excess Stock.

At March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, excess stock totaled $1.9 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, as set forth in the following table (dollars in thousands):

 
Membership Stock
Investment
Requirement
 
Activity-Based
Stock
Requirement
 
Total Stock
Investment
Requirement (1)
 
Outstanding Class B
Capital Stock (2)
 
Excess Class B
Capital Stock
March 31, 2012
$
638,343

 
$
1,092,987

 
$
1,731,353

 
$
3,617,415

 
$
1,886,062

December 31, 2011
623,793

 
1,104,877

 
1,728,692

 
3,852,777

 
2,124,085


87


_______________________
(1)
Total stock-investment requirement is rounded up to the nearest $100 on an individual member basis.
(2) 
Class B capital stock outstanding includes mandatorily redeemable capital stock.

We redeem our capital stock in accordance with our capital plan and applicable law. Capital stock can become subject to redemption based on a member's request for the redemption of its excess stock, upon termination of membership or in such other cases as are set forth in our capital plan and subject to the limitations therein. Our only class of capital stock outstanding is Class B stock. Class B stock is subject to a minimum five-year stock redemption period. For additional information on the redemption of our capital stock, see Item 1 — Business — Capital Resources — Redemption of Excess Stock in the 2011 Annual Report and Item 1 — Business — Capital Resources — Mandatorily Redeemable Capital Stock in the 2011 Annual Report.

Capital stock subject to a stock redemption period is reclassified to mandatorily redeemable capital stock in the liability section of the statement of condition. Mandatorily redeemable capital stock totaled $214.9 million and $227.4 million at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.

The following table sets forth the amount of mandatorily redeemable capital stock by year of expiry of redemption period at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands).
Expiry of Redemption Period
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Due in one year or less
 
$

 
$

Due after one year through two years
 
80,269

 
86,598

Due after two years through three years
 

 
10

Due after three years through four years
 
134,590

 

Due after four years through five years
 

 
140,821

Total
 
$
214,859

 
$
227,429


Capital Rule

The Finance Agency's regulation on FHLBank capital classification and critical capital levels (the Capital Rule), among other things, establishes criteria for four capital classifications and corrective action requirements for FHLBanks that are classified in any classification other than adequately capitalized. The Capital Rule requires the Director of the Finance Agency to determine on no less than a quarterly basis the capital classification of each FHLBank. For additional information on the Capital Rule, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Capital — Capital Rule in the 2011 Annual Report

By letter dated March 28, 2012, the Acting Director of the Finance Agency notified us that, based on December 31, 2011, financial information, we met the definition of adequately capitalized under the Capital Rule. The Acting Director of the Finance Agency has not yet notified us of our capital classification based on March 31, 2012, financial information.

Internal Capital Practices and Policies

We also take steps as we believe prudent beyond legal or regulatory requirements in an effort to protect our capital, which steps are reflected in our capital ratio targets, internal minimum capital requirement in excess of regulatory requirements, and our retained earnings target.

Targeted Capital Ratio Operating Range

We target an operating range of 4.0 percent to 7.5 percent for our capital ratio, a range adopted in conjunction with our capital preservation measures. Our capital ratio was 8.7 percent at March 31, 2012, a ratio in excess of the targeted operating range. This results principally from the limited repurchases of excess stock accompanied with a significant decline in advances balances since 2008, as discussed under — Executive Summary — Advances Balances.

Internal Minimum Capital Requirement

To provide further protection for our capital base, we maintain an internal minimum capital requirement whereby the amount of paid-in capital stock and retained earnings must exceed the sum of our regulatory capital requirement plus our retained

88


earnings target. As of March 31, 2012, this internal minimum capital requirement equaled $2.8 billion, which was satisfied by our actual regulatory capital of $4.1 billion.

Retained Earnings Target

Our retained earnings target is $875.0 million. For information on how we select and adjust our retained earnings target, including in response to Finance Agency regulations, orders, or guidance, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Internal Capital Practices and Policies — Retained Earnings Target in the 2011 Annual Report.

At March 31, 2012, we had total retained earnings of $440.5 million, consisting of $408.2 million in unrestricted retained earnings and $32.3 million in restricted retained earnings. For information on our restricted retained earnings contribution requirement, see Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note14 — Capital. Amounts in our restricted retained earnings account are not available to pay dividends.

Dividends. On April 26, 2012, our board of directors adopted a resolution that it would not declare dividends in excess of 20 percent of quarterly net income for the quarter on which the dividend is based for the remainder of 2012 without the Finance Agency's nonobjection. Additionally, on that same day, the board adopted a revision to our retained earnings policy that now provides that when our retained earnings target exceeds the level of our retained earnings, the quarterly dividend payout cannot exceed 40 percent of our earnings for the quarter. This revised policy replaces the prior policy that had limited the quarterly dividend payout to 50 percent of our earnings for the quarter in such instances. For additional information on dividend limitations, see Item 5 — Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities in the 2011 Annual Report.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations
 
Our significant off-balance-sheet arrangements consist of the following:
 
commitments that obligate us for additional advances;
 
standby letters of credit;
 
commitments for unused lines-of-credit advances;
 
standby bond-purchase agreements with state housing authorities; and
 
unsettled COs.
 
Off-balance-sheet arrangements are more fully discussed in Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 18 — Commitments and Contingencies.

Through the second quarter of 2011, we were required to pay 20 percent of our net earnings (after the AHP assessment) to REFCorp to support payment of part of the interest on bonds issued by REFCorp. Additionally, the FHLBanks must annually set aside for the AHP the greater of an aggregate of $100 million or 10 percent of the current year's income before charges for AHP (but after expenses for REFCorp). Based on our net income of $46.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, our AHP assessment was $5.2 million. See Item 1 — Business — Assessments in the 2011 Annual Report for additional information regarding REFCorp and AHP.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make a number of judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities (if applicable), and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Although management believes these judgments, estimates, and assumptions to be reasonably accurate, actual results may differ.
 
We have identified five accounting estimates that we believe are critical because they require us to make subjective or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain, and because of the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. These estimates include accounting for derivatives, the use of fair-value estimates, accounting for deferred premiums and discounts on prepayable assets, the allowance for loan losses,

89


and other-than-temporary-impairment of investment securities. The Audit Committee of our board of directors has reviewed these estimates. The assumptions involved in applying these policies are discussed in Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Estimates in the 2011 Annual Report.
 
As of March 31, 2012, we have not made any significant changes to the estimates and assumptions used in applying its critical accounting policies and estimates from those used to prepare its audited financial statements. Also described below are the results of the sensitivity analysis for private-label MBS.
 
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment of Investment Securities
 
See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 6 — Other-Than-Temporary Impairment for additional information related to management's other-than-temporary impairment analysis for the current period.

In addition to evaluating our residential private-label MBS under a base-case (or best estimate) scenario, a cash-flow analysis was also performed for each of these securities under a more stressful housing price index (HPI) scenario that was determined by the OTTI Governance Committee.

Our base-case housing price forecast as of March 31, 2012, assumed current-to-trough home price declines ranging from 0.0 percent (for those housing markets that are believed to have reached their trough) to 8.0 percent. For those markets for which further home-price declines are anticipated, such declines were projected to occur over the three- to nine-month period beginning January 1, 2012. From the trough, home prices were projected to recover using one of five different recovery paths that vary by housing market. The more stressful scenario was based on a housing price forecast that was five percentage points lower at the trough than the base-case scenario followed by a flatter recovery path. Under the more stressful scenario, current-to-trough home-price declines were projected to range from 5.0 percent to 13.0 percent over the three- to nine-month period beginning January 1, 2012. The following table presents projected home-price recovery ranges by month under the base-case and adverse-case scenario.
 
 
Recovery Range of Annualized Rates
Months
 
Base Case
 
Adverse Case
1 - 6
 
0.0

to
2.8
 
0.0
to
1.9
7 - 18
 
0.0

to
3.0
 
0.0
to
2.0
19 - 24
 
1.0

to
4.0
 
0.7
to
2.7
25 - 30
 
2.0

to
4.0
 
1.3
to
2.7
31 - 42
 
2.0

to
5.0
 
1.3
to
3.4
43 - 66
 
2.0

to
6.0
 
1.3
to
4.0
Thereafter
 
2.3

to
5.6
 
1.5
to
3.8

The following table represents the impact on credit-related other-than-temporary impairment using the more stressful scenario of the HPI, described above, compared with actual credit-related other-than-temporary impairment recorded using our base-case HPI assumptions as of March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
Credit Losses as Reported
 
Sensitivity Analysis - Adverse HPI Scenario
For the quarter ending March 31, 2012
 
Number of
Securities
 
Par Value
 
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Credit Loss
 
Number of
Securities
 
Par Value
 
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Credit Loss
Prime
 

 
$

 
$

 
2

 
$
14,528

 
$
(336
)
Alt-A
 
7

 
114,380

 
(2,957
)
 
58

 
1,117,825

 
(27,017
)
Subprime
 
1

 
952

 
(3
)
 
3

 
2,996

 
(62
)
Total private-label MBS
 
8

 
$
115,332

 
$
(2,960
)
 
63

 
$
1,135,349

 
$
(27,415
)
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
 
See Item 1 — Notes to the Financial Statements — Note 2 — Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Interpretations for a discussion of recent accounting developments impacting or that could impact us.

90



LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS
 
The legislative and regulatory environment in which we operate continues to undergo rapid change driven principally by reforms under the Housing and Economic Reform Act of 2008, as amended (HERA) and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the Dodd-Frank Act). We expect HERA and the Dodd-Frank Act as well as plans for housing finance and GSE reform to result in still further changes to this environment. Our business operations, funding costs, rights, obligations, and/or the environment in which we carry out our housing finance mission are likely to continue to be significantly impacted by these changes. Significant regulatory actions and developments for the period covered by this report are summarized below.
 
Developments under the Dodd-Frank Act Impacting Derivatives Transactions

Mandatory Clearing and Electronic Trading of Derivatives Transactions. The Dodd-Frank Act provides for new statutory and regulatory requirements for derivative transactions, including those utilized by us to hedge our interest rate and other risks. As a result of these requirements, certain derivative transactions will be required to be cleared through a third-party central clearinghouse and traded on regulated exchanges or new swap execution facilities. As further discussed under Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Legislative and Regulatory Developments in the 2011 Annual Report, cleared swaps will be subject to new requirements including mandatory reporting, recordkeeping, and documentation requirements established by applicable regulators and initial and variation margin requirements established by the clearinghouse and its clearing members. At this time, we do not expect that any of our swaps will be subject to these new clearing and trading requirements until the beginning of 2013, at the earliest.

Uncleared Derivatives Transactions. The Dodd-Frank Act will also change the regulatory landscape for derivative transactions that are not subject to mandatory clearing requirements (uncleared trades). While we expect to continue to enter into uncleared trades on a bilateral basis, such trades will be subject to new requirements, including mandatory reporting, recordkeeping, documentation, and minimum margin and capital requirements established by applicable regulators. These requirements are discussed in Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Legislative and Regulatory Developments in the 2011 Annual Report. At this time, we do not expect to have to comply with such requirements until the beginning of 2013, at the earliest.
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the CFTC), the SEC, the Finance Agency and other bank regulators are expected to continue to issue final rulemakings implementing the foregoing requirements between now and the end of 2012. We, together with the other FHLBanks, will continue to monitor these rulemakings and the overall regulatory process to implement the derivatives reform under the Dodd-Frank Act. We will also continue to work with the other FHLBanks to implement the processes and documentation necessary to comply with the Dodd-Frank Act's new requirements for derivatives.

The Dodd-Frank Act will require swap dealers and certain other large users of derivatives to register as “swap dealers” or “major swap participants,” as the case may be, with the CFTC and/or the SEC. Based on the definitions in the final rules jointly issued by the CFTC and SEC in April 2012, we will not be required to register as either a major swap participant or as a swap dealer based on the derivative transactions that we enter into for the purposes of hedging and managing our interest-rate risk.

The CFTC and the SEC have not finalized their rules further defining “swap.” See Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Legislative and Regulatory Developments in the 2011 Annual Report for a discussion of how such final rules could impact call and put optionality in certain advances from us to our borrowers.

Developments Impacting Systemically Important Nonbank Financial Companies

Final Rule and Guidance on the Supervision and Regulation of Certain Nonbank Financial Companies. On April 11, 2012, the Financial Stability Oversight Council (the Oversight Council) issued a final rule to be effective May 11, 2012, and guidance on the standards and procedures the Oversight Council will follow in determining whether to designate a nonbank financial company for supervision by the Federal Reserve Board (the Federal Reserve) and to be subject to certain heightened prudential standards. The guidance issued with this final rule provides that the Oversight Council expects generally to follow a process in making its determinations consisting of:
a first stage that will identify those nonbank financial companies that have $50 billion or more of total consolidated assets (as of March 31, 2012, we had $46.9 billion in total assets) and exceed any one of five threshold indicators of interconnectedness or susceptibility to material financial distress, including whether a company has $20 billion or more in

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total debt outstanding (as of March 31, 2012, we had $41.4 billion in total outstanding COs, our principal form of outstanding debt);
a second stage involving a robust analysis of the potential threat that the subject nonbank financial company could pose to U.S. financial stability based on additional quantitative and qualitative factors that are both industry and company specific; and
a third stage analyzing the subject nonbank financial company using information collected directly from it.

The final rule provides that the Oversight Council will consider as one factor whether the nonbank financial company is subject to oversight by a primary financial regulatory agency (for us, the Finance Agency) in making its determinations. A nonbank financial company that the Oversight Council proposes to designate for additional supervision and prudential standards under this rule has the opportunity to contest the designation. If we are designated by the Oversight Council for supervision by the Federal Reserve and to be subject to the additional prudential standards, then our operations and business could be adversely impacted by resulting additional costs and restrictions on our business activities.

Federal Reserve Proposed Rule on Prudential Standards. On January 5, 2012, the Federal Reserve issued a proposed rule with a comment deadline of April 30, 2012, that would implement the enhanced prudential and early remediation standards required by the Dodd-Frank Act for certain bank holding companies and nonbank financial companies identified by the Oversight Council as posing a threat to the financial stability of the United States. The proposed prudential standards include risk-based capital, leverage and overall risk management requirements; liquidity standards; single-counterparty credit limits; stress test requirements; and a debt-to-equity limit. The capital and liquidity requirements would be implemented in phases and would be based on or exceed the Basel international capital and liquidity framework (as discussed in further detail below under — Other Significant Developments). Our operations and business would be adversely impacted by additional costs and business activity restrictions if we are subject to the prudential standards as proposed.

Developments under the Finance Agency

Final Rule on Private Transfer Fee Covenants. On March 16, 2012, the Finance Agency issued a final rule which will be effective on July 16, 2012, that will restrict us from purchasing, investing in, accepting as collateral or otherwise dealing in any mortgages on properties encumbered by private transfer fee covenants, securities backed by such mortgages, and securities backed by the income stream from such covenants, except for certain excepted transfer fee covenants. Excepted transfer fee covenants are covenants to pay private transfer fees to covered associations (including, among others, organizations comprising owners of homes, condominiums, cooperatives, and manufactured homes and certain other tax-exempt organizations) that use the private transfer fees exclusively for the direct benefit of the property. The foregoing restrictions will apply only to mortgages on properties encumbered by private transfer fee covenants created on or after February 8, 2011, and to securities backed by such mortgages, and to securities issued after February 8, 2011, and backed by revenue from private transfer fees regardless of when the covenants were created. To the extent that a final rule limits the type of collateral we accept for advances and the type of investments that we are eligible to make, our business and/or results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Other Significant Developments

Home Affordable Refinance Program Changes and Other Foreclosure Prevention Efforts. The Finance Agency, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac have announced a series of changes to the Home Affordable Refinance Program that are intended to assist more eligible borrowers who can benefit from refinancing their home mortgages. The changes include lowering or eliminating certain risk-based fees, removing the current 125 percent loan-to-value ceiling on fixed-rate mortgages that are purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, waiving certain representations and warranties, eliminating the need for a new property appraisal where there is a reliable automated valuation model estimate provided by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and extending the end date for the program until December 31, 2013, for loans originally sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on or before May 31, 2009.

Other federal agencies have also implemented (or proposed) other programs during the past few years intended to prevent foreclosure. These programs focus on lowering a homeowner's monthly payments through mortgage modifications or refinancings, providing temporary reductions or suspensions of mortgage payments, and helping homeowners transition to more affordable housing. Other proposals such as expansive principal writedowns or principal forgiveness, or converting delinquent borrowers into renters and conveying the properties to investors, have recently gained some popularity as well. If the Finance Agency requires us to offer a similar refinancing option for our investments in mortgage loans, our income from those investments could decline.

Further, a settlement was announced between five of the nation's largest mortgage servicers and the federal government and 49 of the state attorneys general. The announced settlement, among other things, will require implementation by those mortgage

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servicers of certain new servicing and foreclosure practices and includes certain incentives for these servicers to offer loan modifications in certain instances including reductions in principal amounts of certain loans. Other settlements of similar substance impacting important MBS servicers could also be reached.
These programs, proposals, and settlements could ultimately impact our investments in MBS, including the timing and amount of cashflows we realize from those investments. As discussed under — Executive Summary — Investments in Private-Label MBS, we monitor these developments and assess the potential impact of relevant developments on our investments, including private-label MBS as well as on our securities and loan collateral and on the creditworthiness of our members that could be impacted by these issues. We continue to update our models, including the models we use to analyze our investments in private-label MBS, based on developments such as these. Additional developments could result in further increases to our loss projections from these investments.
Additionally, these developments could result in a significant number of prepayments on mortgage loans underlying our investments in agency MBS. If that should occur, these investments would be paid off in advance of our original expectations subjecting us to reinvestment risk. 
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Capital Framework. In September 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the Basel Committee) approved a new capital framework for internationally active banks. Banks subject to the new framework will be required to have increased amounts of capital with core capital being more strictly defined to include only common equity and other capital assets that are able to fully absorb losses. The Basel Committee also proposed a liquidity coverage ratio for short-term liquidity needs that would be phased in by 2015, as well as a net stable funding ratio for longer-term liquidity needs that would be phased in by 2018.

On January 5, 2012, the Federal Reserve announced its proposed rule on enhanced prudential standards and early remediation requirements for nonbank financial companies designated as systemically important by the Oversight Council, as discussed above under — Developments Impacting Systemically Important Nonbank Financial Companies. The proposed rule declines to finalize certain standards such as liquidity requirements until the Basel Committee framework gains greater international consensus, but the Federal Reserve proposes a liquidity buffer requirement that would be in addition to the final Basel Committee framework requirements. The size of the buffer would be determined through liquidity stress tests, taking into account a financial institution's structure and risk factors.

While it is still uncertain how the capital and liquidity standards being developed by the Basel Committee ultimately will be implemented by the U.S. regulatory authorities, the new framework and the Federal Reserve's proposed plan could require some of our members to divest assets in order to comply with the more stringent capital and liquidity requirements, thereby tending to decrease their need for advances. The requirements may also adversely impact investor demand for COs to the extent that impacted institutions divest or limit their investments in COs. On the other hand, the new requirements could incent our members to take our term advances to create and maintain balance sheet liquidity. The new rule could also cause us to alter our investment strategy to include securities with greater weighting in the Basel Committee liquidity standards than historically acquired by us. Typically these securities have lower yields than equivalent duration security types in which we historically invest.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Sources and Types of Market and Interest-Rate Risk

Our balance sheet is comprised of different portfolios that require different types of market- and interest-rate-risk management strategies. Sources and types of market and interest-rate risk are described in Item 7A — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks — Sources and Types of Market and Interest-Rate Risk
in the 2011 Annual Report.

Strategies to Manage Market and Interest-Rate Risk
 
We use various strategies and techniques to manage our market and interest-rate risk including the following and combinations of the following:

the issuance of COs that generally match the interest-rate-risk exposures of our assets;
the use of derivatives and/or COs with embedded options to hedge the interest-rate-risk of our debt (at March 31, 2012, fixed-rate noncallable debt, not hedged by interest-rate swaps, amounted to $14.4 billion, compared with $14.6 billion at December 31, 2011, and fixed-rate callable debt not hedged by interest-rate swaps amounted to $838.0 million and $843.0

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million at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively);
the issuance of COs together with interest-rate swaps that receive a coupon that offsets the bond coupon and that offsets any optionality embedded in the bond, thereby effectively creating a floating-rate liability (total CO bonds used in conjunction with interest-rate-exchange agreements was $9.9 billion, or 35.3 percent of our total outstanding CO bonds at March 31, 2012, compared with $10.7 billion, or 36.3 percent of total outstanding CO bonds, at December 31, 2011);
contractual provisions for advances with original fixed maturities of greater than six months that require borrowers to pay us prepayment fees, which fees make us financially indifferent if such advances are prepaid prior to maturity and protect against a loss of income under certain interest-rate environments;
the use of the duration extension portfolio (which totaled $2.8 billion at March 31, 2012, as compared with $3.3 billion at December 31, 2011), to hedge our net interest income against the impact of low interest rates, which is discussed in Item 7A — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks — Measurement of Market and Interest-Rate Risk — Duration Extension Portfolio in the 2011 Annual Report; and
the use of callable debt for a portion of our investments in mortgage loans to manage the interest-rate and prepayment risks from these investments.

Each of the foregoing strategies and techniques is more fully discussed in the 2011 Annual Report under Item 7A —Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks — Strategies to Manage Market and Interest Rate Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

Measurement of Market and Interest-Rate Risk

Our principal measure of market and interest-rate risk is market value of equity (MVE). MVE is the net economic value of total assets and liabilities, including any off-balance-sheet items. In contrast to the GAAP-based shareholder's equity account, MVE represents the shareholder's equity account in present-value terms. Specifically, MVE equals the difference between the theoretical market value of assets and the theoretical market value of liabilities. MVE, and in particular, the ratio of MVE to the book value of equity (BVE), is therefore a theoretical measure of the current value of shareholder investment based on market rates, spreads, prices, and volatility at the reporting date. BVE is equal to our permanent capital, which consists of the par value of capital stock including mandatorily redeemable capital stock, plus retained earnings. BVE excludes accumulated other comprehensive loss.

We caution that care must be taken to properly interpret the results of the MVE analysis as the theoretical basis for these valuations may not be fully representative of future realized prices. Further, valuations are based on market curves and prices respective of individual assets, liabilities, and derivatives, and therefore are not representative of future net income to be earned by us through the spread between asset market curves and the market curves for funding costs. MVE should not be considered indicative of our market value as a going concern, because it does not consider future new business activities, risk management strategies, or the net profitability of assets after funding costs are subtracted. 

We measure our exposure to market and interest-rate risk using several metrics, including:

the ratio of MVE to BVE;
the ratio of MVE to the par value of our Class B Stock (Par Stock), which we refer to as the MVE to Par Stock ratio;
the ratio of adjusted MVE to Par Stock, which metric removes the impact of market illiquidity on MVE;
the ratio of MVE to the market value of assets, which we refer to as the economic capital ratio;
value at risk (VaR), which measures the change in our MVE to a 99th percent confidence interval, based on a set of stress scenarios using historical interest-rate and volatility movements that have been observed over six-month intervals starting at the most recent month-end and going back monthly to 1978, consistent with Finance Agency regulations;
duration of equity, which measures percentage change to shareholder value due to movements in market conditions including, but not limited to, prices, interest rates and volatility;
the duration gap of our assets and liabilities, which is the difference between the estimated durations (percentage change in market value for a 100 basis point shift in rates) of assets and liabilities (including the effect of related hedges) and reflects the extent to which estimated sensitivities to market changes, including, but not limited to, maturity and repricing cash flows for assets and liabilities are matched;
targeted metrics for the duration extension portfolio and our investments in mortgage loans; and
the use of an income-simulation model that projects net interest income over a range of potential interest-rate scenarios, including parallel interest-rate shocks, nonparallel interest-rate shocks, and nonlinear changes to our funding curve and LIBOR.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2012, we ceased using alternative measures of VaR and duration of equity, which we had referred to as management VaR and management duration of equity. We had used these metrics, to isolate the distortive impact

94


of private-label MBS credit spreads and market illiquidity on VaR and duration of equity. However, these metrics are no longer as important to us due to the ongoing reduction in the size of our investments in private-label MBS and some recovery in the fair values of those investments.

We maintain limits and management action triggers in connection with each of the foregoing metrics. Those limits, management action triggers and the foregoing market and interest-rate risk metrics are more fully discussed in the 2011 Annual Report under Item 7A — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks — Measurement of Market and Interest-Rate Risk in the 2011 Annual Report.

The following table sets forth each of the foregoing metrics together with any targets, associated limits and management actions triggers at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.

Interest/Market-Rate Risk Metric
 
At March 31, 2012
 
At December 31, 2011
 
Target, Limit or Management Action Trigger at March 31, 2012
MVE
 
$3.5 billion
 
$3.7 billion
 
None
MVE/BVE
 
87%
 
86%
 
None
MVE/Par Stock
 
97%
 
95%
 
100% (target)
Adjusted MVE/Par Stock
 
108%
 
108%
 
100% (limit)
Economic Capital Ratio
 
7.4%
 
7.2%
 
4.0% or lower (limit)
VaR
 
$82.3 million
 
$91.3 million
 
$275.0 million (limit)
Duration of Equity
 
+0.8 years
 
+1.1 years
 
+/- 5.0 years (limit)
Duration Gap
 
+0.7 months
 
+0.9 months
 
None
Duration Extension Portfolio VaR Limit (1)
 
$3.9 million
 
$5.2 million
 
$125.0 million (limit)
Duration Extension Portfolio Interest Rate Shock
 
Market yields on GSE debt would have to rise by 128 basis points for the management action trigger to be breached and by 178 basis points for the limit to be breached
 
Market yields on GSE debt would have to rise by 68 basis points for the management action trigger to be breached and by 118 basis points for the limit to be breached
 
75 basis points (management action trigger) and 25 basis points (limit)
MPF Portfolio VaR Limit
 
$52.1 million
 
$38.9 million
 
$68.8 million (management action trigger)
Income Simulation based on an instantaneous rise in interest rates of 300 basis points
 
Return on equity falls to 27 basis points above the average yield on three-month LIBOR
 
Return on equity falls to 24 basis points above the average yield on three-month LIBOR
 
Projected return on equity falls below three-month LIBOR over the following 12 month horizon (management action trigger)
_______________________
(1)
This metric is calculated net of any unrealized gain or loss.

As noted in the above table, we remain below our target of 100 percent for the ratio of MVE to Par Stock, principally due to the ongoing market valuation of our private-label MBS below par value. Also, we breached the income simulation management action trigger during the period, although we satisfied the trigger at March 31, 2012. We analyzed the breach and decided not to take any remedial steps because net income for the simulation still rose relative to the base net income; albeit, not at a rate equivalent to the rise in three-month LIBOR under the shocked scenario.

The following chart displays our MVE to BVE and MVE to Par Stock ratios over the preceding quarters.


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Certain Market and Interest-Rate Risk Metrics under Potential Interest-Rate Scenarios

The sensitivities of market value of equity and the duration of equity to potential interest-rate scenarios are also metrics we monitor. The following table presents our MVE to BVE and MVE to Par Stock ratios and our duration of equity in different interest-rate scenarios.

 
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Down1 300
 
Down1 200
 
Down1 100
 
Base
 
Up 100
 
Up 200
 
Up 300
MVE/BVE
 
88%
 
88%
 
88%
 
87%
 
87%
 
85%
 
82%
MVE/Par Stock
 
98%
 
98%
 
98%
 
97%
 
97%
 
95%
 
92%
Duration of Equity
 
1.7 years
 
0.1 years
 
 (0.2) years
 
0.8 years
 
1.3 years
 
2.9 years
 
4.3 years
____________________________
(1) Given the current environment of low interest rates, downward rate shocks are floored as they approach zero, and therefore may not be fully representative of the indicated rate shock.

 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Down1 300
 
Down1 200
 
Down1 100
 
Base
 
Up 100
 
Up 200
 
Up 300
MVE/BVE
 
91%
 
89%
 
88%
 
86%
 
86%
 
84%
 
82%
MVE/Par Stock
 
100%
 
98%
 
97%
 
95%
 
95%
 
93%
 
90%
Duration of Equity
 
2.2 years
 
1.8 years
 
0.9 years
 
1.1 years
 
1.0 years
 
2.6 years
 
4.0 years
____________________________
(1) Given the current environment of low interest rates, downward rate shocks are floored as they approach zero, and therefore may not be fully representative of the indicated rate shock.

VaR at Different Confidence Levels

The table below presents the historical simulation VaR estimate as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, which represents the estimates of potential reduction to our MVE from potential future changes in interest rates and other market factors. Estimated potential market value loss exposures are expressed as a percentage of the current MVE and are based on historical behavior of interest rates and other market factors over a 120-business-day time horizon.
 

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Value-at-Risk
(Gain) Loss Exposure
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Confidence Level
 
% of
MVE (1)
 
$ million
 
% of
MVE (1)
 
$ million
50%
 
(0.15
)%
 
$
(5.4
)
 
(0.15
)%
 
$
(5.5
)
75%
 
0.66

 
23.2

 
0.69

 
25.2

95%
 
1.72

 
60.5

 
1.83

 
67.0

99%
 
2.34

 
82.3

 
2.49

 
91.3

_______________________
(1)          Loss exposure is expressed as a percentage of base MVE.

ITEM 4.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our senior management is responsible for establishing and maintaining a system of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Our disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of controls and procedures.

We have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, with the participation of the president and chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our president and chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended March 31, 2012, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On April 20, 2011, we filed a complaint in the Superior Court Department of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in Suffolk County, against various securities dealers, underwriters, control persons, issuers/depositors, and credit rating agencies based on our investments in certain private-label MBS issued by 115 securitization trusts for which we originally paid approximately $5.8 billion. The complaint asserts claims based on untrue or misleading statements in the sale of securities, signing or circulating securities documents that contained material misrepresentations and omissions, negligent misrepresentation, unfair or deceptive trade practices, fraud by the rating agencies, and controlling person liability. We are seeking various forms of relief including rescission, recovery of damages, recovery of purchase consideration plus interest (less income received to date), and recovery of reasonable attorneys' fees and costs of suit.
 
The complaint names the following defendants and their affiliates and subsidiaries and defendants under their control or controlled by affiliates or subsidiaries thereof: Bank of America Corporation; Barclays Capital Inc.; The Bear Stearns Companies LLC; Capital One Financial Corporation; Citigroup, Inc.; Countrywide Financial Corporation; Credit Suisse (USA), Inc.; DB Structured Products, Inc.; DB U.S. Financial Market Holding Corporation; EMC Mortgage Corporation; GMAC LLC; Fitch, Inc. (Fitch); Impac Mortgage Holdings, Inc.; JPMorgan Chase & Co.; The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; Moody's Corporation; Morgan Stanley; Nomura Holding America, Inc.; RBS Holdings USA Inc.; Sandler, O'Neill & Partners, L.P.; UBS Americas Inc.; WaMu Capital, Corp.; and Wells Fargo & Company.

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The complaint also names various individuals due to their association and control over Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. and its affiliates and subsidiaries and entities controlled by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.'s affiliates and subsidiaries (the Lehman Defendants) in connection with certain of the investments that are the subject of the complaint.

Since the complaint was filed, the defendants filed certain notices of removal to remove the case to the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. On March 9, 2012, our motion to remand the matter to state court was denied.  The action is currently pending in federal court.  

On October 18, 2011, a notice of settlement was filed with the district court, advising it that we had reached an agreement in principle to resolve our claims against the Lehman Defendants. Our settlement agreement with the Lehman Defendants, which calls for payment to us in an amount that would not be material to our financial statements, requires certain conditions to be met before that settlement becomes final. Certain of those conditions remain outstanding. On March 9, 2012, the district court remanded the Lehman-related matter to state court where the settlement can be finalized.

Bank of America Rhode Island, N.A., which is affiliated with Bank of America Corporation but is not a defendant in the complaint, held approximately 27.0 percent of our capital stock as of March 31, 2012. RBS Citizens N.A., which is affiliated with RBS Holdings USA Inc., but is not a defendant in the complaint, held approximately 13.4 percent of our capital stock as of March 31, 2012.

From time to time, we are subject to various pending legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. After consultation with legal counsel, we do not anticipate that the ultimate liability, if any, arising out of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the risk factors below and other risks described herein, readers should carefully consider the risk factors set forth in the 2011 Annual Report that could materially impact our business, financial condition, or future results. The risks described below, elsewhere in this report, and in the 2011 Annual Report are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially impact us.

CREDIT RISKS

We are subject to credit-risk exposures related to the loans that back our investments. Increased delinquency rates and credit losses beyond those currently expected could adversely impact the yield on or value of those investments.

We invested in private-label MBS until the fourth quarter of 2007. These investments are backed by prime, subprime, and/or Alt-A hybrid and pay-option adjustable-rate mortgage loans. Although we only invested in senior tranches with the highest long-term debt rating when purchasing private-label MBS, many of these securities are projected to sustain credit losses under current assumptions, and have been downgraded by various NRSROs. See Part I — Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition — Investments for a description of our portfolio of investments in these securities.

As described under Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Estimates in the 2011 Annual Report, other-than-temporary-impairment assessment is a subjective and complex determination by management.

High rates of delinquency and increasing loss-severity trends experienced on some of the loans underlying the MBS in our portfolio, as well as challenging macroeconomic factors, such as continuing high unemployment levels and the number of troubled residential mortgage loans, have caused us to use relatively stressful assumptions for other-than-temporary-impairment assessments of private-label MBS. These assumptions resulted in projected future credit losses, thereby causing other-than-temporary impairment losses from certain of these securities. We incurred credit losses of $3.0 million for private-label MBS that we determined were other-than-temporarily impaired for the three months ended March 31, 2012. If macroeconomic trends or collateral credit performance within our private-label MBS portfolio deteriorate further than currently anticipated, or if foreclosure moratoriums by several major mortgage servicers appear likely to adversely impact expected cash flows from impacted securities, even more stressful assumptions, including, but not limited to, lower house prices, higher loan-default rates, and higher loan-loss severities may be used by us in future other-than-temporary impairment assessments. As a possible outcome, we may recognize additional other-than-temporary impairment charges, which could be substantial. For example, as of March 31, 2012, a cash-flow analysis was also performed for each of these securities under a more stressful housing price

98


scenario. The more stressful scenario was based on a housing price forecast that was five percentage points lower at the trough than the base-case scenario followed by a flatter recovery path. Under this more stressful scenario, we are projected to realize an additional $24.5 million in credit losses.

We have also invested in securities issued by HFAs with an amortized cost of $199.6 million as of March 31, 2012. Generally, these securities' cash flows are based on the performance of the underlying loans, although these securities do include credit enhancements as well. Although our policies require that HFA securities must carry a credit rating of double-A (or equivalent) or higher as of the date of purchase, some have since been downgraded and, when applicable, some of the related bond insurers have been downgraded. Further, the fair values of some of our HFA securities have also fallen. Gross unrealized losses on these securities totaled $26.6 million at March 31, 2012. Although we have determined that none of these securities is other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2012, should the underlying loans underperform our projections, we could realize credit losses from these securities.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Number
Exhibit Description
10.1
 
Severance Policy, as adopted March 23, 2012* (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of the 2011 Annual Report).

31.1
 
Certification of the president and chief executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2
 
Certification of the chief financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1
 
Certification of the president and chief executive officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2
 
Certification of the chief financial officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
* Management contract or compensatory plan.


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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Date
 
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON (Registrant)
May 11, 2012
 
By:
/s/
Edward A. Hjerpe III
 
 
 
 
 
Edward A. Hjerpe III
President and Chief Executive Officer
May 11, 2012
 
By:
/s/
Frank Nitkiewicz
 
 
 
 
 
Frank Nitkiewicz
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer



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