F-1 1 df1.htm FORM F-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT Form F-1 Registration Statement
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 15, 2005

Registration No. 333-            


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 


 

China Medical Technologies, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Not Applicable

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

 

Cayman Islands   3841   Not Applicable

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

No. 24 Yong Chang North Road

Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area

Beijing 100176, People’s Republic of China

(8610) 6787-1166

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 


 

CT Corporation System

111 Eighth Avenue

New York, New York 10011

(212) 664-1666

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 


 

Copies to:

 

David T. Zhang

Latham & Watkins LLP

41st Floor, One Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central, Hong Kong

(852) 2522-7886

 

Leiming Chen

Shearman & Sterling LLP

12th Floor, Gloucester Tower, The Landmark

11 Pedder Street

Central, Hong Kong

(852) 2978-8000

 


 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

 

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.    ¨

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.    ¨

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.    ¨

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earliest effective registration statement for the same offering.    ¨

 

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box.    ¨

 


 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 


Title of each class of

securities to be registered

   Amount to be registered    Proposed
maximum
offering price per
ordinary share
   

Proposed
maximum
aggregate

offering
price(1)(2)(3)

  

Amount of

registration fee

Ordinary Shares, par value US$0.10 per ordinary share(2)(3)(4)

   57,500,000(1)(2)(3)    US$ 1.60 (1)   US$ 92,000,000    US$ 10,828.40

(1)   Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of registration fee in accordance with Rules 457(a) and 457(c) under the Securities Act of 1933.
(2)   Includes ordinary shares initially offered and sold outside the United States that may be resold from time to time in the United States either as part of their distribution or within 40 days after the later of the effective date of this registration statement and the date the shares are first bona fide offered to the public. These ordinary shares are not being registered for the purpose of sales outside the United States.
(3)   Includes ordinary shares that may be purchased by the underwriter pursuant to an over-allotment option.
(4)   American depositary shares issuable upon deposit of the ordinary shares registered hereby will be registered under a separate registration statement on Form F-6 (Registration No.333-            ). Each American depositary share represents 10 ordinary shares.

 


 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.

 



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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS   Subject to Completion   July 15, 2005

 

5,000,000 American Depositary Shares

 

LOGO

 

China Medical Technologies, Inc.

 

Representing 50,000,000 Ordinary Shares

 


 

This is our initial public offering of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS represents 10 ordinary shares. We are offering 5,000,000 ADSs, representing 50,000,000 ordinary shares. No public market currently exists for our ADSs or our ordinary shares. We expect the public offering price of our ADSs to be between US$14.00 and US$16.00 per ADS.

 

We have applied to list our ADSs on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “CMED.”

 

Before buying any ADSs, you should read the discussion of material risks of investing in our ADSs in “ Risk factors” beginning on page 11.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

             Per ADS                      Total          
Public offering price    US$                        US$                    
Underwriting discounts and commissions    US$                        US$                    
Proceeds, before expenses, to us    US$                        US$                    

 

The underwriter may also purchase up to an additional 750,000 ADSs from us at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us, to cover over-allotments, if any, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus. If the underwriter exercises this option in full, the total underwriting discounts and commissions will be US$                     and our total proceeds, before expenses, will be US$                    .

 

The underwriter is offering the ADSs as set forth under “Underwriting.” Delivery of the ADSs will be made on or about                     , 2005.

 

UBS Investment Bank


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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, ADSs only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of ADSs.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS


 

Prospectus summary

   1

Risk factors

   11

Forward-looking statements

   33

Use of proceeds

   35

Capitalization

   36

Dilution

   37

Dividend policy

   38

Exchange rate information

   39

Selected consolidated financial data

   40

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

   42

The medical equipment and supplies industry in China

   60

Business

   64

Management

   81

Principal shareholders

   89

Related party transactions

   91

Chinese government regulations

   95

Description of share capital

   101

Description of American Depositary Shares

   109

Shares eligible for future sale

   119

Taxation

   121

Underwriting

   126

Expenses related to this offering

   133

Legal matters

   134

Experts

   134

Enforceability of civil liabilities

   135

Where you can find additional information

   137

Index to financial statements

   F-1

 


 

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Prospectus summary

 

You should read the following summary together with the more detailed information regarding our company, the ADSs being sold in this offering, and our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

OVERVIEW

 

We are a China-based medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets products using high intensity focused ultrasound, or HIFU, for the treatment of solid cancers and benign tumors in China. We believe that we are a leader in the design and development of HIFU tumor therapy devices in China. Our HIFU therapy system has been used to treat over 20,000 patient cases. In addition, we believe that we are the first China-based company to offer an advanced in-vitro diagnostics system, or IVD system, using enhanced chemiluminescence, or ECLIA, technology to detect and monitor various diseases and disorders through laboratory evaluation and analysis of blood, urine or other body fluids.

 

Our primary product, the HIFU therapy system, is an ultrasound-guided ablation system that is used for the non-invasive treatment of solid tumors. Our system is designed to destroy tumors by using HIFU waves to instantly raise the temperature of the targeted tumor tissue to between 60° C and 70° C (140° F and 158° F). Our proprietary designs enable our system to treat a wide range of tumors, many of which cannot be treated with other HIFU tumor therapy devices currently available in the market. Our HIFU therapy system, approved for sale by the State Food and Drug Administration of China, or the SFDA, has been used to treat liver, breast and kidney tumors, solid tumors in the pelvic cavity or on bones and tumors in the four limbs or superficial tissues. Treatments using our system are performed without anesthesia and do not cause significant discomfort, skin-burn or hemorrhage.

 

Our second product, the ECLIA system, is an integrated luminescence immunoassay IVD system, an advanced light-based IVD system, commonly used in the United States and Western Europe, but relatively new in China. We currently offer 27 types of reagents, for use with our ECLIA analyzer, to detect thyroid disorders, diabetes, disorders related to reproduction and growth and various types of tumors. In addition, we are one of the first companies to obtain SFDA approval in China for a reagent for the early detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS.

 

Historically, we have benefited from a strong relationship with Peking University People’s Hospital, or PUPH, a leading medical research institution and hospital in China affiliated with Peking University. PUPH was the initial developer of our HIFU and ECLIA technologies. We believe that our acquisition of the HIFU and ECLIA technologies and the development and marketing of products using these technologies demonstrate our ability to successfully identify and commercialize medical technologies with significant market potential.

 

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, we generated revenues of RMB217.5 million (US$26.3 million) and net income of RMB118.4 million (US$14.3 million).

 

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

 

We believe that we are well positioned to benefit from the rapid growth of expenditures on medical equipment and supplies in China and from the growing demand for domestic medical technology products and better diagnostics systems in China. With approximately one fifth of the world’s population and a fast-growing gross domestic product, China’s market presents significant potential for the medical equipment and supplies industry. According to Frost & Sullivan, an independent market

 

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research and consulting firm, the China market for medical devices and equipment is expected to grow from US$5.9 billion in 2002 to US$10.1 billion in 2006, at a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of approximately 14%. In addition, the SARS crisis of 2003 heightened the government’s awareness of the need to improve the country’s healthcare infrastructure, and healthcare has since become a top priority for the PRC government. According to the Ministry of Health of China, in 2003, there were approximately 18,000 hospitals and 45,000 healthcare centers in China. The hospitals, which on average had approximately 128 beds in 2003, could be further divided into approximately 1,000 large-size hospitals, approximately 5,000 medium-size hospitals and approximately 12,000 small-size hospitals.

 

According to a report published by the Ministry of Health of China in November 2004, there were approximately 1.8 million to two million new incidences of cancer in 2000 in China, and cancer was also the leading cause of death in China in both 2002 and 2003.

 

According to BBI Newsletter, a publication of news and data for the medical device industry published by Thomson American Health Consultants, Inc., the worldwide IVD market was estimated at US$23 billion in 2003, and is expected to grow at about 5% to 7% per year from 2003 to 2009. According to Frost & Sullivan, the IVD market size in China was estimated at US$350 million in 2003 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 25%. The IVD market growth in China is expected to exceed the global growth rate because of the increasing availability of private healthcare insurance as well as the increased government awareness of the need to improve the quality of care.

 

OUR SOLUTIONS

 

HIFU therapy system

 

The conventional treatment methods for cancer in China and elsewhere are generally surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, due to the side effects and other limitations of these methods, many patients cannot be treated effectively, or at all. Our HIFU therapy system can be used as a supplemental treatment or stand-alone method for the treatment of many types of solid tumors. We believe that our HIFU therapy system overcomes many of the limitations of conventional methods, and that the benefits of our HIFU solution include:

 

Ø   non-invasive procedure;

 

Ø   minimal side effects;

 

Ø   high degree of safety;

 

Ø   treatment for broad ranges of tumors; and

 

Ø   cost effective for hospitals.

 

We believe that the market for our HIFU therapy system is at an early-stage of development and has significant growth potential. We are targeting the approximately 6,000 large- and medium-size hospitals in China, which we believe are the most likely hospitals to purchase our HIFU therapy systems.

 

ECLIA system

 

We believe that most small- and medium-size hospitals in China do not have sufficient financial resources or the necessary patient volume to justify purchasing the more advanced, fully automatic luminescence IVD systems offered by overseas-based companies. Therefore, these hospitals continue to use less advanced diagnostics systems. We have developed a lower cost, semi-automatic luminescence immunoassay system to target these 17,000 small- and medium-size hospitals. We believe our ECLIA

 

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system is generally more accurate, more sensitive and safer to use than the less advanced IVD systems these hospitals currently use.

 

OUR STRATEGIES, STRENGTHS AND RISKS

 

Our goal is to become a leading medical technology company in China. To achieve this goal, we intend to continue to grow our business through the following strategies:

 

Ø   increase market penetration of our HIFU therapy system in China;

 

Ø   grow our ECLIA system sales by continuing to target medium- and small-size hospitals in China;

 

Ø   maintain our technological advantage through focused research and development; and

 

Ø   selectively acquire complementary products or technologies.

 

We believe that our principal competitive strengths include the following:

 

Ø   HIFU technology leader for tumor treatment;

 

Ø   innovative ECLIA system for in-vitro diagnostics;

 

Ø   strong research and development capability; and

 

Ø   low manufacturing and operating costs.

 

The success of our business is subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including the following:

 

Ø   our dependence on our core product, the HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   our inability to increase awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients;

 

Ø   our possible failure in developing a market for our ECLIA system;

 

Ø   uncertainties on the long-term effectiveness of HIFU medical devices for tumor treatment;

 

Ø   our failure to protect our intellectual property rights;

 

Ø   our exposure to intellectual property infringement and other claims by third parties, which, if successful, could cause us to pay significant damage awards and incur other costs; and

 

Ø   our dependence on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues.

 

Please see “Risk factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of these risks.

 

CORPORATE INFORMATION

 

We were incorporated in the Cayman Islands in July 2004 as an exempted company with limited liability. We currently conduct our operations principally through Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd., or YDME Beijing, which became our wholly-owned subsidiary in January 2005 as part of a corporate reorganization. YDME Beijing was incorporated in China and commenced operations in July 1999.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at No. 24 Yong Chang North Road, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, People’s Republic of China. Our telephone number at this address is (8610) 6787-1166 and our fax number is (8610) 6788-9588.

 

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Investor inquiries should be directed to us at the address and telephone number of our principal executive offices set forth above. Our website is www.chinameditech.com. The information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus. Our agent for service of process in the United States is CT Corporation System located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011.

 

CONVENTIONS THAT APPLY TO THIS PROSPECTUS

 

Unless otherwise indicated, references in this prospectus to:

 

Ø   “ADSs” are to our American depositary shares, each of which represents 10 ordinary shares;

 

Ø   “ADRs” are to the American depositary receipts, which, if issued, evidence our ADSs;

 

Ø   “China” and the “PRC” are to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purposes of this prospectus only, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau;

 

Ø   “RMB” and “Renminbi” are to the legal currency of China;

 

Ø   “shares” and “ordinary shares” are to our ordinary shares, par value US$0.10 per share; and

 

Ø   “US$” and “U.S. dollars” are to the legal currency of the United States.

 

Unless the context indicates otherwise, “we,” “us,” “our company,” “our,” “China Medical” and “CMED” refer to China Medical Technologies, Inc. and its predecessor and directly wholly-owned subsidiary, YDME Beijing.

 

In addition, unless otherwise indicated, references in this prospectus to:

 

Ø   “Asset Managers” are to Asset Managers (China) Fund Co., Ltd.;

 

Ø   “Beijing Chengxuan” are to Bejing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd.;

 

Ø   “Beijing Weixiao” are to Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd.;

 

Ø   “Chengxuan” are to Chengxuan International Ltd.;

 

Ø   “GE” are to General Electric Company;

 

Ø   “Golden Meditech” are to Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Ltd.;

 

Ø   “Green Wall” are to Green Wall Development Ltd.;

 

Ø   “Neon Liberty” are to certain investment funds managed by Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC;

 

Ø   “PUPH” are to Peking University People’s Hospital; and

 

Ø   “YDME Beijing” are to Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd., our predecessor and directly wholly-owned subsidiary in China.

 

The following technical and industry specific terms used in this prospectus have the meanings set forth below:

 

Ø   “Ablation” means elimination or removal;

 

Ø   “ECLIA analyzer” means an instrument used in in-vitro diagnostics;

 

Ø   “ECLIA technology” means a technology that improves chemical reactions and enables reagents to be more sensitive, accurate and stable;

 

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Ø   “In-vitro diagnostics,” or “IVD,” means the detection and monitoring of diseases through laboratory evaluation and the analysis of bodily fluids and tissues from patients;

 

Ø   “IVD system” consists of the instrument (which we referred to as the “ECLIA analyzer”) and the reagent kits used in in-vitro diagnostics;

 

Ø   “Luminescence immunoassay IVD system” means an advanced, light-based IVD system commonly used in the United States and Western Europe;

 

Ø   “Reagent” means a substance used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure and produce other substances; and

 

Ø   “Reagent kits” means commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all major components necessary to perform IVD tests.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, our financial information presented in this prospectus has been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this prospectus assume the underwriter does not exercise its over-allotment option to purchase additional ADSs.

 

This prospectus contains statistical data relating to the medical equipment and supplies industry in China that we obtained from various institution publications. These publications generally indicate that they have obtained their information from sources believed to be reliable, but do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of their information. Although we believe that these publications are reliable, we have not independently verified their statistical data. These statistical data may not be comparable to similar statistics collected for the industry in the United States and other countries.

 

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The offering

 

The offering

5,000,000 ADSs.

 

Price per ADS

We currently estimate that the initial public offering price will be between US$14.00 and US$16.00 per ADS.

 

The ADSs

Each ADS represents 10 ordinary shares, par value US$0.10 per share. At the request of our investors or their representatives, the ADSs will be evidenced by ADRs. You will have the rights of an ADS holder as provided in a deposit agreement among us, Citibank N.A. as the depositary and holders and beneficial owners of ADSs from time to time, dated             , 2005. To better understand the terms of the ADSs, you should carefully read the section in this prospectus entitled “Description of American Depositary Shares.” We also encourage you to read the deposit agreement, which is an exhibit to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.

 

ADSs outstanding immediately after this offering

5,000,000 ADSs (or 5,750,000 ADSs if the underwriter exercises the over-allotment option in full).

 

Ordinary shares outstanding immediately after this offering

250,000,001 ordinary shares (or 257,500,001 ordinary shares if the underwriter exercises the over-allotment option in full), including the 50,000,000 ordinary shares underlying the 5,000,000 ADSs offered by this prospectus, but excluding 400,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of July 14, 2005, at an exercise price of US$1.36 per share and 29,600,000 ordinary shares reserved for future issuance under our 2005 stock option plan.

 

Over-allotment option

To the extent that the underwriter sells more than 5,000,000 ADSs, it has the option to purchase up to an aggregate of 750,000 additional ADSs from us at the initial public offering price less underwriting discounts and commissions.

 

Use of proceeds

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, will be approximately US$66.6 million, assuming an initial offering price of

 

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US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price. If the underwriter exercises its over-allotment option in full, we estimate that the net proceeds to us will be approximately US$77.1 million. We intend to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering for the following purposes:

 

  Ø   approximately US$12.0 million for the remaining payments relating to our acquisition of ECLIA technology;

 

  Ø   approximately US$8.0 million to fund our research and development of new applications and product design improvements for our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system;

 

  Ø   approximately US$8.0 million to purchase additional production equipment and renovate and expand our ECLIA reagent production facility; and

 

  Ø   approximately US$5.0 million to increase our sales and marketing efforts.

 

 

We may also use a portion of the net proceeds we receive from this offering for other general corporate purposes and for the acquisition of businesses, products and technologies that we believe will complement our existing business. We do not presently have specific plans and are not currently engaged in any discussions or negotiations for any acquisitions.

 

Dividend policy

We do not have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future.

 

Risk factors

See “Risk factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our ADSs.

 

Listing

We have applied to have our ADSs included for quotation on the Nasdaq National Market. Our ordinary shares will not be listed on any exchange or quoted for trading on any over-the-counter trading system.

 

Proposed Nasdaq National Market symbol

“CMED”

 

Depositary

Citibank, N.A.

 

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Summary consolidated financial data

 

The following summary consolidated statement of operations data for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and the summary consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. These consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, those financial statements and related notes, “Selected consolidated financial data” and “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operation” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and as of March 31, 2004 and 2005 have been audited by KPMG and prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in any future period.

 

       Year ended March 31,

 
Statement of operations data      2003      2004      2005      2005  
       RMB      RMB      RMB      US$(3)  
       (in thousands, except for per share and per ADS
data)
 
                               
Revenues, net(1)      63,716      110,750      217,547      26,284  
Cost of revenues      (20,627 )    (33,983 )    (64,579 )    (7,803 )
      

  

  

  

Gross profit      43,089      76,767      152,968      18,481  
Operating expenses:                              

Research and development

     (1,246 )    (2,036 )    (2,815 )    (340 )

Sales and marketing

     (1,963 )    (2,632 )    (4,960 )    (599 )

General and administrative

     (7,235 )    (5,619 )    (16,644 )    (2,011 )
      

  

  

  

Total operating expenses

     (10,444 )    (10,287 )    (24,419 )    (2,950 )
Operating income      32,645      66,480      128,549      15,531  
Net interest (expense)/income and other income(2)      (1,803 )    14      1,748      211  
      

  

  

  

Income before tax      30,842      66,494      130,297      15,742  
Income tax expense      (3,286 )    (4,933 )    (11,854 )    (1,432 )
      

  

  

  

Net income(4)      27,556      61,561      118,443      14,310  
Earnings per share, basic and diluted(4)      0.23      0.31      0.59      0.07  
Earnings per ADS, basic and diluted (unaudited)(5)      2.30      3.10      5.90      0.70  
Weighted average number of shares outstanding      122,411      200,000      200,000      200,000  
Weighted average number of ADSs outstanding (unaudited)      12,241      20,000      20,000      20,000  

(1)   Revenues, net, include revenue from sales of our products, net of value-added tax, or VAT, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances, but include VAT refunds on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our products. VAT refunds for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 were RMB3.6 million, RMB7.1 million and RMB14.7 million (US$1.8 million), respectively.
(2)   Net interest (expense)/income and other income include “interest expense,” “interest income” and “other income” from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
(3)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.
(4)   If our subsidiary YDME Beijing had not had a reduced enterprise income tax, or EIT, rate of 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%, and our net income and basic and diluted earnings per share for the following periods would have been as follows:

 

     Year ended March 31,

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB    RMB    RMB    US$
     (unaudited, in thousands, except for per share data)

Net income

   24,676    57,023    112,694    13,615

Earnings per share, basic and diluted

   0.20    0.29    0.56    0.07

 

(5)   Each ADS represents 10 ordinary shares.

 

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     As of March 31, 2005

Balance sheet data    Actual     Actual     As adjusted    As adjusted
     RMB     US$(1)     RMB(2)    US$(1)(2)
     (in thousands)
                 (unaudited)

Cash and cash equivalents

   14,646     1,770     566,068    68,395

Working capital(3)

   (66,707 )   (8,060 )   484,715    58,565

Total assets

   457,768     55,308     1,009,190    121,933

Amounts due to related parties(4)

   102,714     12,410     102,714    12,410

Total shareholders’ equity

   253,953     30,683     805,375    97,308

(1)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.
(2)   As adjusted to give effect to the sale of 5,000,000 ADSs we are offering, assuming an initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses to be paid by us, but assuming that the underwriter does not exercise its over-allotment option.
(3)   Working capital is calculated by using current assets minus current liabilities.
(4)   Includes RMB100.0 million (US$12.1 million) related to payment of the remaining purchase price of our ECLIA acquisition, RMB2.3 million (US$0.3 million) payables to Chengxuan for its payment of expenses we incurred in connection with the preparation for this offering and our operating expenses, and other advance payments of approximately RMB421,000 (US$51,000).

 

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Recent developments

 

The following is a summary discussion of certain highlights of our financial results for the three months ended June 30, 2005. Since these results are preliminary and unaudited, they may be subject to modification or adjustment.

 

Ø   Our net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2005 were RMB61.5 million (US$7.4 million), representing a significant increase from RMB26.5 million for the same period in 2004. This increase was primarily due to the sales of our ECLIA system during the three months ended June 30, 2005, which amounted to RMB24.7 million (US$3.0 million). We had no revenue from our ECLIA system during the three months ended June 30, 2004 because we had not yet begun selling the product. In addition, revenues from sales of our HIFU therapy system grew by 38.9% to RMB36.8 million (US$4.4 million) for the three months ended June 30, 2005 from RMB26.5 million for the same period in 2004. This increase was primarily attributable to increased unit sales as a result of the increased awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients. Our net revenue increase was also due in part to a significant increase in VAT refunds, which we recognize as part of our net revenues, to RMB3.9 million (US$0.5 million) for the three months ended June 30, 2005 from RMB1.8 million for the same period in 2004, as a result of the increase in the sales of our self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system.

 

Ø   Our net income for the three months ended June 30, 2005 was RMB30.2 million (US$3.6 million), representing a significant increase from RMB12.3 million for the same period in 2004.

 

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Risk factors

 

An investment in our ADSs involves significant risks. You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other information in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before you decide to buy our ADSs. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially harmed, the trading price of our ADSs could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are those that we currently believe may materially affect us. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we currently deem immaterial may also become important factors that affect us.

 

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY

 

We are dependent on our core product, the HIFU therapy system. A reduction in revenues of our HIFU therapy system would cause our revenues to decline and could materially harm our business.

 

We generated all of our revenues from sales of our HIFU therapy system prior to September 2004. Although we began marketing and selling our ECLIA system in September 2004, we expect that sales of our HIFU therapy system will continue to comprise a substantial portion of our revenues in the future. Any reduction in revenues from our HIFU therapy system will have a direct negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Due to this lack of product diversification, an investment in our company may entail more risk than investments in companies that offer a wider variety of products or services. In addition, sales of our ECLIA system may not increase to a level that would enable us to reduce our dependence on our HIFU therapy system, and we may be unable to develop or acquire new products or technologies that would enable us to diversify our business and reduce our dependence on these two products.

 

If we fail to increase awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients, we will not be able to grow or even sustain our business.

 

Our HIFU therapy system uses a relatively new high intensity focused ultrasound technology that is very different from conventional treatments for tumors, such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To date, we have sold over 150 units of our HIFU therapy system. We believe this represents only a limited penetration of the potential market in China. In order to grow our business, we must obtain acceptance and use of our HIFU therapy system, which depends on, among other things, the following:

 

Ø   the general levels of awareness and acceptance in the medical community and among patients of HIFU technology and our HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   the effectiveness of our HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   the relative cost of treatment using our HIFU therapy system compared to its medical benefits;

 

Ø   the financial or other benefits gained by hospitals that use our HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   the amount of resources we have available to increase product awareness and to educate potential purchasers and users of our HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   our ability to continue to develop and enhance our HIFU therapy system;

 

Ø   our ability to provide good technical support and customer service; and

 


 

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Ø   our ability to keep up with technological changes and remain competitive.

 

We may not have the financial and operational resources required to promote awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system as widely or rapidly as is necessary to grow or sustain our business. Even if we were to devote a substantial portion of our resources to promoting our product, we may not succeed in raising the levels of awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system as quickly as is necessary to grow or sustain our business, if at all. If we fail to increase awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients, we will not be able to grow, or even sustain, our business as planned and our financial condition and results of operations will be harmed.

 

We may not succeed in developing a market for our ECLIA system.

 

We only began marketing and selling our ECLIA system in September 2004. The success of our ECLIA system depends on several factors, including our ability to:

 

Ø   successfully promote product awareness of our ECLIA system in China;

 

Ø   price our ECLIA system, including the ECLIA analyzer and reagents and accessory devices, or reagent kits, competitively;

 

Ø   develop new reagent kits to expand the applications of our ECLIA system and to respond to new forms of diseases and disorders;

 

Ø   select effective distributors; and

 

Ø   comply with new or changing regulatory requirements and obtain additional regulatory approvals or clearances for new reagent kits in a timely manner.

 

Luminescence immunoassay is a well established method of clinical diagnosis. As a result, our ECLIA system will compete in a market in which there are already many established industry players. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully market or sell our ECLIA system in the future. We also cannot assure you that our ECLIA system, or any future enhancements to our ECLIA system, will generate adequate revenue to offset our investments and costs in acquiring, developing or marketing our ECLIA system. If there is insufficient demand for our ECLIA system, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be harmed. In addition, any announcement of new products, services or enhancements by us or our competitors may cause our customers to cancel or postpone purchasing decisions for our existing products in anticipation of these new products, services or enhancements.

 

The long-term effectiveness of HIFU medical devices for tumor treatment has not been proven.

 

HIFU therapy for tumors is a relatively new type of tumor therapy. We sold our first HIFU therapy system in November 1999. Although current studies on the use of HIFU medical devices for tumor treatment, including our HIFU therapy system, have shown a reduction in short-term side effects compared to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and suggest an improvement in long-term results, there are presently no long-term studies of over five years on the effectiveness of using HIFU technology for the treatment of tumors. If future long-term studies fail to confirm the effectiveness of our HIFU therapy system or HIFU medical devices for the treatment of tumors in general, our sales could decline. In addition, some of the data produced in currently available studies were not randomized and/or included small patient sample sizes. Consequently, the results of these studies may not be representative of the results that may be achieved in studies involving larger patient sample sizes. Moreover, there may be other clinical studies published on our HIFU therapy system of which we are not aware and which

 


 

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contain different conclusions with respect to the safety, effectiveness or other aspects of our technologies. Our customers and users of our products may conclude that our HIFU therapy system is not an acceptable treatment regimen, that the technologies underlying our system are ineffective or unsafe, or that our system is less effective or safe than other therapies. This could result in a decrease in our sales, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights, our competitors may take advantage of our proprietary technology and know-how and compete directly against us.

 

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technologies. We own 13 patents in China covering various aspects of our HIFU therapy system and have additional patent applications pending for our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system in China. We have also made patent applications in certain countries outside of China, which cover some of the more commercially significant aspects of our HIFU technology. Due to the different regulatory bodies and varying requirements in these countries, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain patent protection for all or any aspects of our HIFU technology in all or any of these countries. We have not applied for any patents outside of China for our ECLIA system. The process of seeking patent protection can be lengthy and expensive and we cannot assure you that our patent applications will result in patents being issued, or that our existing or future issued patents will be sufficient to provide us with meaningful protection or commercial advantage. Our patents and patent applications may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented in the future. We cannot assure you that our current or potential competitors, many of which have substantial resources and have made substantial investments in competing technologies, do not have, and will not obtain, patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products in either China or other countries, including the United States and other countries in Asia.

 

We also rely on trade secrets, proprietary know-how and other non-patentable technology, which we seek to protect through non-disclosure agreements with employees. We cannot assure you that these non-disclosure agreements will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach, or that our trade secrets, proprietary know-how and other non-patentable technology will not otherwise become known to, or be independently developed by, our competitors.

 

Implementation of PRC intellectual property-related laws has historically been lacking, primarily because of ambiguities in the PRC laws and difficulties in enforcement. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other countries. Policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology is difficult and expensive, and we might need to resort to litigation to enforce or defend patents issued to us or to determine the enforceability, scope and validity of our proprietary rights or those of others. Such litigation may require significant expenditure of cash and management efforts and could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation.

 

We may be exposed to intellectual property infringement and other claims by third parties, which, if successful, could cause us to pay significant damage awards and incur other costs.

 

Our success also depends in large part on our ability to use and develop our technology and know-how without infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties. As litigation becomes more common in China in resolving commercial disputes, we face a higher risk of being the subject of intellectual property infringement claims. The validity and scope of claims relating to medical device technology patents

 


 

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involve complex scientific, legal and factual questions and analysis and, therefore, may be highly uncertain. The defense and prosecution of intellectual property suits, patent opposition proceedings and related legal and administrative proceedings can be both costly and time consuming and may significantly divert the efforts and resources of our technical and management personnel. An adverse determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party could subject us to significant liability, including damage awards, to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties, to pay ongoing royalties, or to redesign our products or subject us to injunctions preventing the manufacture and sale of our products. Protracted litigation could also result in our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of our products until resolution of such litigation.

 

We are dependent on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues and this dependence is likely to continue in the future.

 

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, sales to our top five customers accounted for 66.5% of our revenues. These customers are distributors of medical devices and supplies. We do not have long-term contracts with our distributors. We expect that a substantial portion of our sales will continue to be generated by a relatively small group of distributors that may change from year to year. Because our main product, the HIFU therapy system, is sold at a relatively high unit price, the size and timing of individual orders can have a significant effect on our quarterly results. We cannot assure you that any distributor will continue to purchase our products at the same levels as in prior years or that such relationships will continue. We expect to continue to rely on a relatively limited number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues in the future. If we are unable to manage our distributor network, our reputation among end users of our products and our revenues may be adversely affected.

 

Rapid growth and a rapid changing operating environment may strain our limited resources.

 

Our growth strategy includes our efforts to build our brand, increase market penetration of our HIFU therapy system and grow our ECLIA system sales by targeting small- and medium-size hospitals in China. This growth strategy requires significant capital resources, and we may not generate an adequate return on our investment. Our growth may involve the acquisition of new technologies, businesses, products or services or the creation of strategic alliances in areas in which we do not currently operate. This could require our management to develop expertise in new areas, manage new business relationships and attract new types of customers. We may also experience difficulties integrating these acquired businesses, products or services into our existing business and operations. The success of our growth strategy also depends in part on our ability to utilize our financial, operational and management resources and to attract, train, motivate and manage an increasing number of employees. The success of our growth strategy depends on a number of internal and external factors, such as:

 

Ø   the expected growth of the market for medical devices and supplies in China;

 

Ø   competition from other manufacturers of HIFU tumor therapy devices and alternative methods of tumor therapy; and

 

Ø   competition from other companies that offer IVD systems in China,

 

many of which are beyond our control. We may not be able to implement our growth strategy successfully or manage our expansion effectively.

 

Our limited operating history makes evaluating our business and prospects difficult.

 

We commenced operations in July 1999, and delivered the first commercial unit of our HIFU therapy system in November 1999. We only started to market and sell our ECLIA system in September 2004. As

 


 

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a result, we have a limited operating history which may not provide a meaningful basis for you to evaluate our business, financial performance and prospects. We may not have sufficient experience to address the risks frequently encountered by early-stage companies, including our potential failure to:

 

Ø   maintain profitability;

 

Ø   preserve our leading position in the market of HIFU tumor therapy devices;

 

Ø   diversify our revenue sources by successfully marketing and selling our ECLIA system;

 

Ø   acquire and retain customers;

 

Ø   attract, train, motivate and retain qualified personnel;

 

Ø   keep up with evolving industry standards and market developments;

 

Ø   increase the awareness of our products and protect our reputation;

 

Ø   respond to competitive market conditions;

 

Ø   maintain adequate control of our expenses;

 

Ø   manage our relationships with our suppliers and distributors; or

 

Ø   protect our proprietary technologies.

 

If we are unsuccessful in addressing any of these risks, our business may be materially and adversely affected.

 

We are controlled by a small number of existing shareholders and their affiliated entities and their interests may not be aligned with the interests of our other shareholders.

 

After this offering, a small number of our existing shareholders and their affiliated entities will beneficially own over 70.0% of our outstanding ordinary shares. These shareholders, if acting together, could exert substantial influence over matters such as electing directors and approving material mergers, acquisitions or other business combination transactions.

 

The interests of our existing shareholders, including Chengxuan, Golden Meditech Company Limited, or Golden Meditech, and General Electric Company, or GE, may differ from the interests of our other shareholders. We, Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE entered into a shareholders’ agreement in June 2005, which will become effective upon completion of this offering. Under the June 2005 shareholders’ agreement:

 

Ø   A representative of GE may attend all of our board meetings in a non-voting capacity.

 

Ø   GE and Golden Meditech and their respective affiliates will have complete access to, and full use of, clinical data of our subsidiary, YDME Beijing, relating to clinical cases from hospitals, other medical institutions and medical professionals using our HIFU therapy system in connection with their business, provided that we have first obtained the necessary consent. Such clinical data include hospital survey information, medical records, test reports and imaging records before and after treatment using our HIFU therapy system.

 


 

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Ø   If any of Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE is offered a business opportunity that is primarily based in China and that competes with our HIFU business, it will provide us with notice of its intention to pursue such business opportunity and use reasonable efforts to enable us to participate in such project if we express an interest in doing so.

 

Ø   We will provide GE with notice of our intention to undertake any HIFU-related project, including, among other things:

 

  Ø   any project relating to any joint venture between us and Insightec, an Israeli company that also offers HIFU technology for the treatment of tumors and that has GE as an investor, an investment made by GE in 1998;

 

  Ø   any expansion of our existing HIFU production facilities; or

 

  Ø   any development of new HIFU facilities anywhere in the world.

 

In addition, we will use reasonable efforts to enable GE to participate in such project if GE expresses an interest in doing so.

 

Ø   We have also granted GE a right of first refusal to act as the sole and exclusive distributor of our HIFU therapy system outside China. In the event that we sell or otherwise transfer all or substantially all of our assets or HIFU business, or as a result of a merger, we are no longer a surviving company, we will cause the transferee or the surviving company of the merger as the case may be, to honor GE’s right of first refusal. We will also cause the transferee or the surviving company to continue purchasing the ultrasound imaging system from GE.

 

These rights and obligations may be terminated by written agreement among all our existing shareholders. If any existing shareholder’s ownership interest in our company falls below 5% of our outstanding shares, calculated on a fully diluted basis, such existing shareholder will cease to be party to the June 2005 shareholders’ agreement and will no longer have any rights or obligations under this agreement.

 

In addition, concentration of ownership may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and which might reduce the price of our ADSs. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including those who purchase ADSs in this offering. In cases where their interests are aligned and they vote together, these shareholders will also have the power to prevent or cause a change in control. In addition, these persons could divert business opportunities from us to themselves or others.

 

We are highly dependent on senior management and key research and development personnel.

 

We are highly dependent on our senior management to manage our business and operations and our key research and development personnel for the development of new technologies and applications and the enhancement of our existing products. In particular, we rely substantially on our chairman and chief executive officer, Mr. Xiaodong Wu, to manage our operations. We also depend on our key research personnel such as Mr. Xiaolin Yang and Mr. Houqing Zhu. In addition, we also rely on customer service personnel for the installation and support of our products and on marketing and sales personnel, engineers and other personnel with technical and industry knowledge to market, sell, install and service our products. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our senior management or key personnel. The loss of any one of them, in particular Mr. Wu, Mr. Yang and Mr. Zhu, would have a material adverse effect on our business and operations. Competition for senior management and research and development personnel is intense and the pool of suitable candidates is limited. We may be unable to locate a suitable replacement for any senior management or key research and development personnel that

 


 

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we lose. In addition, if Mr. Wu, Mr. Yang, Mr. Zhu or any other member of our senior management or key research and development personnel joins a competitor or forms a competing company, they may compete with us for customers, business partners and other key professionals and staff members of our company. Although each of our senior management and key research and development personnel has signed a confidentiality and non-competition agreement in connection with his employment with us, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully enforce these provisions in the event of a dispute between us and any member of our senior management or key research and development personnel.

 

We compete for qualified personnel with other medical technology companies, medical device and supplies manufacturers, universities and research institutions. Intense competition for these personnel could cause our compensation costs to increase significantly, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Our future success and ability to grow our business will depend in part on the continued service of these individuals and our ability to identify, hire and retain additional qualified personnel. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified employees, we may be unable to meet our business and financial goals.

 

We rely on single-source suppliers to provide materials and major components. A significant interruption in supply could prevent or limit our ability to accept and fulfill orders for our products.

 

We purchase all our materials and major components from third-party suppliers and assemble our products in-house. We currently rely on single-source suppliers to provide a majority of our materials and major components and do not currently have any long-term supply contracts. Our purchases are made on a purchase order basis. If the supply of certain materials, components or services were interrupted, our own manufacturing process would be delayed. We may be unable to secure alternative sources of supply in a timely and cost-effective manner. The ultrasound imaging system and the treatment bed, two of the major components of our HIFU therapy system, are manufactured by GE and Beijing Tianyuan Kehui Company Ltd., or Beijing Tianyuan Kehui, respectively, based on our specifications. If we are unable to obtain these components from GE and Beijing Tianyuan Kehui, it may be difficult to find alternate suppliers that can provide replacement parts of sufficient quality according to our specifications. We expect to increase the production and sales of our products in the future. If we are unable to obtain required materials and components that meet our production standards in sufficient quantities or at acceptable cost, we will be unable to increase our production and sales as planned. Failure to obtain adequate supplies of materials, components or services in a timely and cost-effective manner could delay our delivery to our customers. This could harm our reputation, cause us to lose sales, and force us to use more expensive sources of supply, which could significantly increase our production costs and harm our operating results. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We need to expand our existing sales force and distribution network to maintain and grow our business and revenues.

 

We currently market and sell our HIFU therapy system through several third-party distributors and our own direct sales force. We market and sell our ECLIA system through a number of third-party distributors. As part of our growth plan, we expect to increase the number of distributors we utilize to distribute our ECLIA system. We have limited experience in managing a large distributor network. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or develop our relationships with third-party distributors. If we fail to do so, our sales could fail to grow or could even decline, and our ability to grow our business could be adversely affected. The expansion of our distribution network is also likely to require a significant investment of financial resources and management efforts, and the benefits, if any, that we gain from such an expansion may not be sufficient to generate an adequate return on our investment.

 


 

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Our costs could substantially increase if we experience a significant number of warranty claims.

 

We provide 12-month product warranties against technical defects of our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA analyzer. Our product warranty requires us to repair all mechanical malfunctions and, if necessary, replace defective components. Historically, we have received a limited number of warranty claims for our HIFU therapy system. As we only began selling our ECLIA analyzer in September 2004, we currently do not have sufficient historical data on the warranty claims for our ECLIA analyzer. Consequently, the costs associated with our warranty claims have historically been relatively low. We generally do not accrue any liability for potential warranty claims at the time of sales, but rather at the time claims are actually made. If we experience an increase in warranty claims or if our repair and replacement costs associated with warranty claims increase significantly, we will begin to incur liabilities for potential warranty claims at the time of sale of our products. An increase in the frequency of warranty claims or amount of warranty costs may harm our reputation and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

If we are unable to successfully operate and manage our manufacturing operations, we may experience a decrease in revenues.

 

As we ramp up our manufacturing operations to accommodate our planned growth, we may encounter difficulties associated with increasing production scale, including shortages of qualified personnel to operate our equipment, assemble our products or manage manufacturing operations as well as shortages of key raw materials or components for our products. In addition, we may also experience difficulties in producing sufficient quantities of products or in achieving desired product quality. If we are unable to successfully operate and manage our manufacturing operations to meet our needs, we may not be able to provide our customers with the quantity or quality of products they require in a timely manner. This could cause us to lose customers and result in reduced revenues.

 

Our business may suffer if we are unable to collect payments from our customers on a timely basis.

 

Our distributors and other customers must make a significant commitment of capital to purchase our products. Any downturn in the businesses of our distributors and other customers could reduce their willingness or ability to pay us. We have historically been able to collect substantially all of our receivable balances. Consequently, we have not found it necessary to provide an allowance for doubtful accounts historically. The failure of any of our distributors to make timely payments could require us to recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

Fluctuations in our quarterly operating results could cause our ADS price to decline.

 

Our revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter depending upon numerous factors. Our third and fourth fiscal quarters have historically been our strongest. We believe that the relatively stronger performance of our third and fourth fiscal quarters, which are the six calendar months ending March 31, has been largely due to the budget cycles of hospitals in China. Hospitals in China typically make their capital expenditure decisions, such as decisions on whether to purchase our HIFU therapy system, between June and December. Based on orders during that period, our HIFU therapy systems are usually shipped to customers between September and March, which are our third and fourth fiscal quarters. Other factors that may affect the fluctuation of our quarterly operating results include changes in pricing policies by us or our competitors, the length of our sales cycle, the timing and market acceptance of new product introductions and product

 


 

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enhancements by us or our competitors, customer order deferrals in anticipation of new or enhanced products offered by us or our competitors, the loss of key sales personnel or distributors, changes in government policies or regulations and a downturn in general economic conditions in China. Furthermore, because we have historically sold a relatively small number of our main product, the HIFU therapy system at a relatively high unit price, the size and timing of each individual order have a particularly significant effect on our results of operations in any given quarter. Many of these factors are beyond our control, and you should not rely on our results of operations for prior quarters as an indication of our results in any future period. As our revenues vary significantly from quarter to quarter, our business could be difficult to predict and manage and our quarterly results could fall below investor expectations, which could cause our ADS price to decline.

 

We are subject to product liability exposure and have limited insurance coverage.

 

As our main product, the HIFU therapy system, is a medical device for the treatment of patients, we are exposed to potential product liability claims in the event that the use of our products causes or is alleged to have caused personal injuries or other adverse effects. A successful product liability claim against us could require us to pay substantial damages. Product liability claims against us, whether or not successful, are costly and time-consuming to defend. Also, in the event that our products prove to be defective, we may be required to recall or redesign such products. We have a product liability insurance policy with an annual aggregate insured amount of RMB4.0 million (US$0.5 million) to cover potential product liability arising from the use of our HIFU therapy system. However, as the insurance industry in China is still in an early stage of development, product liability insurance available in China offers limited coverage compared to coverage offered in many other countries. As a result, future liability claims could be excluded from our policies or exceed the coverage limits of our policies. We also cannot assure you that product liability insurance will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. To date, we have not been subject to any product liability claim, but we cannot assure you that such claim will not be brought against us in the future. A product liability claim, with or without merit, could result in significant adverse publicity against us, and could have a material adverse effect on the marketability of our products and our reputation, which in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we do not have any business interruption insurance coverage for our operations. Any business disruption or natural disaster could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources.

 

Our future capital needs are uncertain and we may need to raise additional funds in the future.

 

We may require additional cash resources in the future due to

 

Ø   changed business conditions or other future developments;

 

Ø   the receipt of, and the time and expenses required to obtain, regulatory clearances and approvals;

 

Ø   the resources we devote to developing, marketing and producing our products;

 

Ø   our ability to identify and our desire or need to pursue acquisitions or other investments; and

 

Ø   the extent to which our products generate market acceptance and demand.

 

We cannot assure you that our revenues will be sufficient to meet our operational needs and capital requirements. In addition, we cannot assure you that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Our future capital needs and other business reasons could require us to sell

 


 

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additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could result in additional dilution to our shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations or our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.

 

We may be classified as a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse United States federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders.

 

We do not expect to be considered a “passive foreign investment company,” or PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes for our taxable year ending March 31, 2006. Such characterization could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to you if you are an U.S. investor. For example, if we are a passive foreign investment company, our U.S. investors will become subject to increased tax liabilities under U.S. tax laws and regulations and will be subject to burdensome reporting requirements. However, we must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC and we cannot assure you that we will not be a PFIC for our taxable year ending March 31, 2006 or any future taxable year. A non-U.S. corporation will be considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income or (2) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. The market value of our assets may be determined in large part by the market price of our ADSs and ordinary shares, which is likely to fluctuate after this offering (and may fluctuate considerably given that market prices of technology companies have been especially volatile). In addition, the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. If we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which U.S. holders hold ADSs or ordinary shares, certain adverse United States federal income tax consequences could apply to U.S. holders. See “Taxation—United States federal income taxation—passive foreign investment company.”

 

If a poll is not demanded at our shareholder meeting, voting will be by show of hands and shares will not be proportionately represented. Shareholder resolutions may be passed without the presence of the majority of our shareholders in person or by proxy.

 

Voting at any of our shareholder meetings is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairman of our board of directors or by any shareholder present in person or by proxy. If a poll is demanded, each shareholder present in person or by proxy will have one vote for each ordinary share registered in his name. If a poll is not demanded, voting will be by show of hands and each shareholder present in person or by proxy will have one vote regardless of the number of shares registered in his name. In the absence of a poll, shares will therefore not be proportionately represented. In addition, the quorum required for our shareholder meetings consists of shareholders who hold at least one-third of our ordinary shares being present at a meeting in person or by proxy. Therefore, subject to the requisite majorities, shareholder resolutions may be passed at our shareholder meetings without the presence of the majority of our shareholders in person or by proxy.

 

Our reported earnings could decline if we recognize impairment losses on intangible assets relating to our acquisition of the ECLIA technology.

 

As a result of our acquisition of the ECLIA technology in August 2004, we have recorded certain intangible assets which are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives and are tested for impairment by us annually or more frequently if an event occurs or a circumstance develops that would

 


 

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likely result in impairment. Examples of such events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal or business climate, an adverse regulatory action or unanticipated competition. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Critical accounting policies—Depreciation and amortization expenses.” In the future, we could recognize impairment losses on the intangible assets and that impairment could result in a charge to our reported results of operations, which would cause our reported earnings to decline.

 

Changes in accounting standards regarding stock option plans may have a material adverse effect on our reported earnings, may harm our ability to attract and retain employees, and may also negatively impact our results of operations.

 

Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), “Share-Based Payments,” or SFAS 123R, which the Company plans to adopt for its fiscal period beginning April 1, 2006, requires all companies to recognize as an expense the fair value of stock options granted to employees. Prior to February 2005, we did not have any stock option plan so we did not incur any share-based compensation charges. On February 2, 2005, we adopted our 2005 stock option plan and reserved 30,000,000 ordinary shares for issuance under this stock option plan. On March 14, 2005, we granted options to acquire 400,000 of our ordinary shares to two of our directors under this stock option plan. We currently account for these options in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” or APB 25, and its related interpretations, which require us to recognize compensation expense for stock options we grant where the exercise price is less than the deemed fair value of our ordinary shares on the date of the grant. We are currently not required to record share-based compensation charges if the stock option exercise price equals or exceeds the deemed fair value of our ordinary shares at the date of grant. However, beginning on April 1, 2006, we will have to account for the compensation costs for stock options using a fair-value based method and recognize expenses in our consolidated statement of income in accordance with the relevant U.S. GAAP rule, which may have a material and adverse effect on our reported earnings. Moreover, the additional expenses associated with the grant of options may reduce the attractiveness of granting stock options. However, if we reduce the scope of our employee stock option plan, we may not be able to attract and retain key personnel, as stock option is an important employee recruitment and retention tool. Accordingly, after SFAS 123R becomes effective for us, our results of operations will be negatively impacted if we grant options pursuant to our 2005 stock option plan as an employee recruitment and retention tool.

 

RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDUSTRY

 

New product development in the medical device and supply industry is both costly and labor-intensive and has a very low rate of successful commercialization.

 

Our success will depend in part on our ability to enhance our existing products and technologies and to develop and acquire new products or technologies. The development process is complex and uncertain, as well as time-consuming and costly. Product development requires the accurate assessment of technological and market trends as well as precise technological execution. We cannot assure you that:

 

Ø   our product or technology development will be successfully completed;

 

Ø   necessary regulatory clearances or approvals will be granted by the SFDA or other regulatory bodies as required on a timely basis, or at all; or

 

 


 

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Ø   any product or technology we develop can be commercialized or will achieve market acceptance.

 

Also, we may be unable to locate suitable products or technologies to acquire or acquire such products or technologies on commercially reasonable terms. Failure to develop or acquire, obtain necessary regulatory clearances or approvals for, or successfully commercialize or market potential new products or technologies could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Competition in the markets in which we operate is expected to increase in the future.

 

Our HIFU therapy system competes with both existing and emerging alternative treatment methods for tumors, including other tumor therapy devices that use similar technologies. Competition in the markets in which we operate is expected to increase in the future. For our HIFU therapy system, we believe that competition comes from new and existing manufacturers of HIFU tumor therapy devices, as well as traditional cancer treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In addition, we also compete with other alternative cancer treatment methods, including radio frequency ablation, microwave thermo-coagulation and cryosurgery. We believe that other companies offer HIFU technology for the treatment of tumors including EDAP TMS S.A., or EDAP, Focus Surgery, Inc., or Focus Surgery, and Insightec. Although none of these overseas-based companies currently offers or sells its products in China, they may choose to enter the China market in the future, either independently or in cooperation with our existing competitors in China. In China, competitors for our HIFU therapy system include Chongqing Haifu Technology Co., Ltd., or Chongqing Haifu, and Shanghai A&S Science Technology Development Co., Ltd., or Shanghai A&S. Our ECLIA system competes with IVD systems and reagents offered in the China market by many established international companies, including Abbott Diagnostics, Bayer AG, Beckman Coulter, Diagnostic Products Corporation, or DPC, EG&G Wallac, Johnson & Johnson and Roche Group. There are also a number of China-based manufacturers who also offer luminescence immunoassay systems but their market shares are relatively small. See “Business—Competition.”

 

Certain of our existing and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, research and development, sales and marketing, personnel resources and other resources than we do. Competition will intensify as other companies enter the markets we are in. Competing companies may succeed in developing products that are more effective or less costly than those that we may offer, and these companies may also be more successful in marketing their products. Competing companies may also introduce competitive pricing measures that adversely affect our sales levels and margins. If we do not adequately address our competitive challenges, we could lose sales and our market share and fail to grow our business as planned, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and future growth.

 

In addition, we believe that corrupt practices in the healthcare industry in China still occur. In order to increase sales, certain manufacturers or distributors of medical devices may pay kickbacks to hospital personnel who make procurement decisions. We do not engage in such practices and, to our knowledge, none of our distributors engages in such practices. However, as competition intensifies in the medical device and supplies industry in China, we may lose sales, customers or contracts to competitors to the extent we or our distributors refuse to engage in such practices.

 

 


 

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The tumor therapy and IVD industries are characterized by constant technological change, and if we fail to respond effectively to technological changes, we could lose our competitive advantage.

 

The tumor therapy and IVD industries in which we currently compete are characterized by:

 

Ø   changing technologies;

 

Ø   frequent new product introductions and enhancements;

 

Ø   changing customer needs; and

 

Ø   product obsolescence.

 

To develop new products and designs, we must develop, gain access to and use leading technologies in a cost-effective and timely manner and continue to expand our technical and design expertise. Failure to do so could cause us to lose our competitive position and have a material adverse effect on our revenues in the future.

 

The price and the sales of our HIFU therapy system may be adversely affected by reductions in treatment fees by the Chinese Government.

 

Treatment fees for HIFU tumor therapy, like many other medical treatments, are subject to prices set by provincial governments in China, and these prices can be adjusted downward or upward from time to time. If the treatment fees for HIFU tumor therapy are reduced by the government, some hospitals and distributors may be discouraged from buying our HIFU therapy system, which would reduce our sales. We may need to decrease the price of our HIFU therapy system to provide hospitals acceptable returns on their purchases. We cannot assure you that our business or results of operations will not be adversely affected by a reduction in treatment fees for HIFU tumor therapy in the future.

 

Governmental and private health insurers may not provide sufficient coverage, if at all, for the use of our HIFU therapy system.

 

Our ability to market and sell our HIFU therapy system to hospitals will depend in part on the availability of governmental and private health insurance in China for treatments using our HIFU therapy system. The insurance coverage for treatments using new medical devices such as our HIFU therapy system is subject to significant uncertainty and varies from region to region, as local government approvals for such coverage must be obtained in each geographic region in China. In addition, provincial governments may change, reduce or eliminate the government insurance coverage currently available for HIFU tumor therapy. We cannot assure you that adequate third-party insurance coverage will be generally available for patients who elect to use our HIFU therapy system for the treatment of tumors. In the absence of sufficient medical insurance coverage for the use of our HIFU therapy system, patients may choose alternative treatment methods that are covered by insurance, and hospitals may use their limited funds to buy products for these alternative treatments, which would reduce demand for our products and, consequently, our sales. If this occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

 

Any product recall could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Complex medical devices, such as our HIFU therapy system, can experience performance problems that require review and possible corrective action by the manufacturer. From time to time, we receive reports from users of our products relating to performance problems they have encountered. We expect that we

 


 

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will continue to receive customer reports regarding performance problems they encounter through the use of our products. Furthermore, component failures, manufacturing errors or design defects that could result in an unsafe condition or injury to the patient might occur. Any serious failures or defects could cause us to withdraw or recall products, which could result in significant costs such as repair and product replacement costs. We cannot assure you that market withdrawals or product recalls will not occur in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

RISKS RELATED TO DOING BUSINESS IN CHINA

 

Adverse changes in political and economic policies of the Chinese government could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China, which could reduce the demand for our products and materially and adversely affect our competitive position.

 

All of our business operations are conducted in China and all of our sales are made in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects are affected significantly by economic, political and legal developments in China. The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including:

 

Ø   the amount of government involvement;

 

Ø   the level of development;

 

Ø   the growth rate;

 

Ø   the control of foreign exchange; and

 

Ø   the allocation of resources.

 

While the Chinese economy has experienced significant growth in the past 20 years, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. The Chinese government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may also have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us.

 

The Chinese economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more market-oriented economy. Although in recent years the Chinese government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets and the establishment of sound corporate governance in business enterprises, a substantial portion of the productive assets in China is still owned by the Chinese government. The continued control of these assets and other aspects of the national economy by the Chinese government could materially and adversely affect our business. The Chinese government also exercises significant control over Chinese economic growth through the allocation of resources, controlling payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy and providing preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Efforts by the Chinese government to slow the pace of growth of the Chinese economy could result in decreased capital expenditure by hospitals, which in turn could reduce demand for our products.

 

 


 

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Any adverse change in the economic conditions or government policies in China could have a material adverse effect on overall economic growth and the level of healthcare investments and expenditures in China, which in turn could lead to a reduction in demand for our products and consequently have a material adverse effect on our businesses.

 

Future changes in laws, regulations or enforcement policies in China could adversely affect our business.

 

Laws, regulations or enforcement policies in China, including those regulating medical devices and supplies, are evolving and subject to future change. Under a regulation enacted by the SFDA in September 2002, reagents are required to be registered either as biological reagents, which are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing pharmaceutical products, or chemical and bio-chemical reagents, which are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing medical devices. Although regulations require that both SFDA registration and approval be obtained before a biological reagent kit is sold and SFDA registration be obtained before a chemical or bio-chemical reagent kit is sold, we have sold many of our reagent kits without required registrations and/or approvals. In addition, we believe that the majority of reagent kits sold in China, including many reagent kits manufactured by our overseas-based competitors, are also sold without required registrations and/or approvals. We currently sell a total of 27 reagents in China. To date, nine of the 27 reagents have been registered with and approved by the SFDA. The registration processes for all of the other 18 reagents were initiated by either Beijing Weixiao, before we acquired the ECLIA technology, or us, after we acquired the ECLIA technology, and the registration dossiers for ten of those 18 reagents have been officially submitted to the SFDA and notices of acceptance for registration have been obtained. Although no enforcement action by the SFDA has been brought against us to date, we cannot assure you that enforcement actions will not be brought against us or such enforcement actions, if brought, will not have a retroactive effect on us. These enforcement actions could result in fines, injunctions and civil penalties, recall or seizure of our products, the imposition of operating restrictions, partial suspension and complete shutdown of production and criminal prosecution. See “Chinese government regulations—Regulation of IVD reagents.” Future changes in laws, regulations or administrative interpretations, or stricter enforcement policies by the Chinese government, could impose more stringent requirements on us, including fines or other penalties. Changes in applicable laws and regulations may also increase our operating costs. Compliance with such requirements could impose substantial additional costs or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These changes may relax some requirements, which could be beneficial to our competitors or could lower market entry barriers and increase competition. In addition, any litigation or governmental investigation or enforcement proceedings in China may be protracted and result in substantial cost and diversion of resources and management attention.

 

We rely on dividends paid by our subsidiary for our cash needs.

 

We are a holding company, and we rely on dividends paid by our wholly-owned subsidiary, YDME Beijing, for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, service any debt we may incur and pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in the PRC currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. YDME Beijing is also required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. In addition, at the discretion of its board of directors, YDME Beijing may allocate a portion of its after-tax profits based on PRC accounting standards to its enterprise expansion funds and

 


 

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staff welfare and bonus funds. Staff welfare and bonus funds may not be distributed to equity owners. In addition, if YDME Beijing incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict YDME Beijing’s ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

 

Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to receive and use our revenues effectively.

 

We receive all of our revenues in Renminbi, which currently is not a freely convertible currency. A portion of our revenues may be converted into other currencies to meet our foreign currency obligations, including, among others, payment of dividends declared, if any, in respect of our ordinary shares. Under China’s existing foreign exchange regulations, YDME Beijing is able to pay dividends in foreign currencies, without prior approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or the SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC government will not take future measures to restrict access to foreign currencies for current account transactions.

 

Foreign exchange transactions by YDME Beijing under the capital account continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of PRC governmental authorities, including the SAFE. In particular, if YDME Beijing borrows foreign currency loans from us or other foreign lenders, these loans must be registered with the SAFE, and if we finance YDME Beijing by means of additional capital contributions, these capital contributions must be approved by certain government authorities including the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts. These limitations could affect the ability of YDME Beijing to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing.

 

Fluctuation in the value of the Renminbi may have a material adverse effect on your investment.

 

The value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. The conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China. However, because of the recent devaluation of the U.S. dollar against the euro and other currencies, the PRC government may relinquish its decade-old policy of pegging the value of Renminbi to the U.S. dollar, or expand the current trading range of the Renminbi to the U.S. dollar. As we import certain materials and supplies for reagent kits from the United States, Finland and Sweden, fluctuations in the value of Renminbi against the currencies of those countries may increase the cost of our reagent kits. In addition, as we rely entirely on dividends paid to us by our directly wholly-owned subsidiary YDME Beijing, any significant revaluation of the Renminbi may have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition, and the value of, and any dividends payable on, our ADSs in foreign currency terms. For example, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we receive from this offering into Renminbi for our operations, appreciation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the Renminbi amount we receive from the conversion. Conversely, if we decide to convert our Renminbi into U.S. dollars for the purpose of making payments for dividends on our ordinary shares or ADSs or for other business purposes, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Renminbi would have a negative effect on the U.S. dollar amount available to us.

 

Our business benefits from certain government incentives. Expiration of, or changes to, these incentives could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

 

The PRC government has provided various incentives to high technology companies, including YDME Beijing, our wholly-owned subsidiary, in order to encourage development of the high technology

 


 

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industry. Such incentives include reduced tax rates and other measures. For example, as a high technology company operating in an approved economic-technological development area, YDME Beijing is entitled to an EIT rate of 15%, compared to an EIT rate of 33% applicable to most PRC companies. This classification also had the effect of exempting YDME Beijing from paying the EIT for the three calendar years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, and has reduced YDME Beijing’s EIT rate to 7.5% during the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. YDME Beijing’s EIT

rate became 15% after December 31, 2004. For the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, YDME Beijing incurred income tax expense of RMB3.3 million, RMB4.9 million and RMB11.9 million (US$1.4 million), respectively. If YDME Beijing had not had a reduced EIT rate of 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%, and our income tax expense for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 would have been RMB6.2 million, RMB9.5 million and RMB17.6 million (US$2.1 million), respectively. YDME Beijing is also entitled to a refund of VAT on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system, which we recognize as part of our net revenues under U.S. GAAP. In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, VAT refunds accounted for 6.8% of our revenues. Any increase of YDME Beijing’s EIT rate or any reduction or cancellation of the VAT refund in the future could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Recent PRC regulations relating to acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign entities may limit our ability to acquire PRC companies and adversely affect the implementation of our strategy as well as our business and prospects.

 

The State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or the SAFE, issued a public notice in January 2005 concerning foreign exchange regulations on mergers and acquisitions in China. The public notice states that if an offshore company controlled by PRC residents intends to acquire a PRC company, such acquisition will be subject to strict examination by the relevant foreign exchange authorities. The public notice also states that the approval of the relevant foreign exchange authorities is required for any sale or transfer by the PRC residents of a PRC company’s assets or equity interests to foreign entities, such as us, for equity interests or assets of the foreign entities. In April 2005, SAFE issued another public notice further explaining the January notice. In accordance with the April notice, if an acquisition of a PRC company by an offshore company controlled by PRC residents has been confirmed by a Foreign Investment Enterprise Certificate prior to the promulgation of the January notice, the PRC residents must each submit a registration form to the local SAFE branch with respect to their respective ownership interests in the offshore company, and must also file an amendment to such registration if the offshore company experiences material events, such as changes in the share capital, share transfer, mergers and acquisitions, spin-off transaction or use of assets in China to guarantee offshore obligations. These SAFE notices retroactively require registration of direct or indirect investments previously made by PRC residents in offshore companies. In the event that a PRC shareholder with a direct or indirect stake in an offshore parent company fails to make the required SAFE registration, the PRC subsidiaries of such offshore parent company may be prohibited from distributing profits to the offshore parent and from paying the offshore parent company proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation in respect of the PRC subsidiaries. Further, failure to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements described above could result in liability under PRC law for foreign exchange evasion. Pending the promulgation of detailed implementation rules, based on our PRC counsel’s inquiry, we believe the SAFE is reluctant to commence processing any registration or application for approval required under the SAFE notices. Mr. Xiaodong Wu, who is the shareholder of Chengxuan and a PRC resident and subject to the above registration requirements, has advised us that he intends to complete the SAFE registration procedures as soon as practicable.

 

 


 

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As a result of the newness of these SAFE notices, lack of implementing rules and uncertainty concerning the reconciliation of these SAFE notices with other approval requirements, it remains unclear how these SAFE notices, and any future legislation concerning offshore or cross-border transactions, will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant government authorities. We are committed to complying, and to ensuring that our shareholder who is subject to these notices comply, with the relevant rules. However, we cannot assure you that our shareholder who is a PRC resident will make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by these notices or other related legislation. The failure or inability of our PRC resident shareholder to receive any required approvals or make any required registrations may subject us to fines and legal sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to make distributions or pay dividends, or affect our ownership structure, as a result of which our acquisition strategy and business operations and our ability to distribute profits could be materially and adversely affected. See “Chinese government regulations — Regulation of foreign currency exchange and dividend distribution.”

 

RISKS RELATED TO THIS OFFERING

 

There has been no public market for our ordinary shares or ADSs prior to this offering, and you may not be able to resell our ADSs at or above the price you paid, or at all.

 

Prior to this initial public offering, there has been no public market for our ordinary shares or ADSs. We have applied to have our ADSs included for quotation on the Nasdaq National Market. Our ordinary shares will not be listed on any exchange or quoted for trading on any over-the-counter trading system. If an active trading market for our ADSs does not develop after this offering, the market price and liquidity of our ADSs will be materially and adversely affected.

 

The initial public offering price for our ADSs will be determined by negotiations between us and the underwriter and may bear no relationship to the market price for our ADSs after this initial public offering. We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our ADSs will develop or that the market price of our ADSs will not decline below the initial public offering price.

 

The market price for our ADSs may be volatile.

 

The market price for our ADSs is likely to be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:

 

Ø   announcements of technological or competitive developments;

 

Ø   announcements regarding patent litigation or the issuance of patents to us or our competitors;

 

Ø   regulatory developments in China affecting us or our competitors;

 

Ø   announcements of studies and reports relating to the effectiveness or safety of our products or those of our competitors;

 

Ø   actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results and changes or revisions of our expected results;

 

Ø   changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

 

Ø   changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other medical technology companies;

 

Ø   addition or departure of our senior management and key research and development personnel;

 

 


 

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Ø   release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ordinary shares or ADSs; and

 

Ø   sales or perceived sales of additional ordinary shares or ADSs.

 

In addition, the securities market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also have a material adverse effect on the market price of our ADSs.

 

Because the initial public offering price is substantially higher than our net tangible book value per share, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution.

 

If you purchase ADSs in this offering, you will pay more for your ADSs than the amount paid by our existing shareholders for their ordinary shares on a per ADS basis. As a result, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution of approximately US$12.30 per ADS (assuming no exercise by the underwriter of options to acquire additional ADSs), representing the difference between our net tangible book value per ADS as of March 31, 2005, after giving effect to this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price. In addition, you may experience further dilution to the extent that our ordinary shares are issued upon the exercise of stock options.

 

Substantial future sales or perceived sales of our ADSs in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs to decline.

 

Sales of our ADSs or ordinary shares in the public market after this offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our ADSs to decline. Upon completion of this offering, we will have 250,000,001 ordinary shares outstanding, including 50,000,000 ordinary shares represented by 5,000,000 ADSs. All ADSs sold in this offering will be freely transferable without restriction or additional registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. The remaining ordinary shares outstanding after this offering will be available for sale, upon the expiration of the 180-day or 270-day lock-up period beginning from the date of this prospectus, subject to volume and other restrictions as applicable under Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act. Any or all of these shares may be released prior to expiration of the applicable lock-up period at the discretion of UBS. To the extent shares are released before the expiration of the applicable lock-up period and these shares are sold into the market, the market price of our ADSs could decline.

 

In addition, Golden Meditech, GE, Green Wall Development Ltd., or Green Wall, Asset Managers (China) Fund Co., Ltd., or Asset Managers, and certain investment funds managed by Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC, which we refer to, collectively, as Neon Liberty, have the right to cause us to register under the Securities Act the sale of an aggregate of 109,980,000 shares, subject to a 180-day lock-up period in the case of Golden Meditech, GE and Green Wall, and a 270-day lock-up period in the case of Asset Managers and Neon Liberty, in connection with this offering. Registration of these shares under the Securities Act would result in these shares becoming freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act immediately upon the effectiveness of the registration. Sales of these registered shares in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs to decline.

 

Our articles of association contain anti-takeover provisions that could adversely affect the rights of holders of our ordinary shares and ADSs.

 

We will adopt our second amended and restated articles of association, which will become effective immediately upon the completion of this offering. Our new articles of association limit the ability of

 


 

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others to acquire control of our company or cause us to engage in change-of-control transactions. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control of our company in a tender offer or similar transaction. For example, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our shareholders, to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to fix their designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our ordinary shares, in the form of ADS or otherwise. Preferred shares could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. If our board of directors issues preferred shares, the price of our ADSs may fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our ordinary shares and ADSs may be adversely affected.

 

Holders of ADSs have fewer rights than shareholders and must act through the depositary to exercise those rights.

 

Holders of ADSs do not have the same rights of our shareholders and may only exercise the voting rights with respect to the underlying ordinary shares in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. Under the deposit agreement, if the vote is by show of hands, the depositary will vote the deposited securities in accordance with the voting instructions received from a majority of holders of ADSs that provided timely voting instructions. If the vote is by poll, the depositary will vote the deposited securities in accordance with the voting instructions it timely receives from ADS holders. In the event of poll voting, deposited securities for which no instructions are received will not be voted. Under our second amended and restated articles of association, the minimum notice period required to convene a general meeting is seven days. When a general meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders’ meeting to permit you to withdraw your ordinary shares to allow you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send voting instructions to you or carry out your voting instructions in a timely manner. We will make all reasonable efforts to cause the depositary to extend voting rights to you in a timely manner, but we cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your shares. Furthermore, the depositary and its agents will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such vote. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and you may lack recourse if your ordinary shares are not voted as you requested. In addition, in your capacity as an ADS holder, you will not be able to call a shareholder meeting.

 

You may be subject to limitations on transfers of your ADSs.

 

Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary deem it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.

 

 


 

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Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which may cause dilution to your holdings and you may not receive cash dividends if it is impractical to make them available to you.

 

We may from time to time distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our securities. However, we cannot make rights available to you in the United States unless we register the rights and the securities to which the rights relate under the Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements is available. Also, under the deposit agreement, the depositary bank will not make rights available to you unless the distribution to ADS holders of both the rights and any related securities are either registered under the Securities Act, or exempted from registration under the Securities Act. We are under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to any such rights or securities or to endeavor to cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. Moreover, we may not be able to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, you may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in your holdings.

 

In addition, the depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on our ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of ordinary shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary may, at its discretion, decide that it is inequitable or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, the depositary may determine that it is not practicable to distribute certain property through the mail, or that the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In these cases, the depositary may decide not to distribute such property and you will not receive such distribution.

 

We are a Cayman Islands company, and because the rights of shareholders under Cayman Islands law differ from those under U.S. law, you may have difficulty protecting your shareholder rights.

 

We are an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under Cayman Islands law, and substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and executive officers reside outside the United States and a substantial portion of their assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon our directors or executive officers, or enforce judgments obtained in the United States courts against our directors or executive officers.

 

Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and re-stated from time to time, the Companies Law (2004 Revision) and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take legal action against our directors and us, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and some states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law. In addition, shareholders in Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action before the federal courts of the United States and will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records.

 


 

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Risk factors


 

There is uncertainty regarding whether Cayman Islands courts would:

 

Ø   recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts of the United States based on certain civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws; and

 

Ø   impose liability against us, in original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, based on certain civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws.

 

There is no statutory recognition in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the Cayman Islands will generally recognize and enforce a non-penal judgment of a foreign court or competent jurisdiction of a fixed sum that is not contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands without retrial on the merit.

 

As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management, directors or major shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a U.S. company.

 

We have not determined any specific use for a significant portion of the proceeds to us from this offering and we may use the proceeds in ways with which you may not agree.

 

We have not allocated a significant portion of the net proceeds to us from this offering to any specific purpose. Rather, our management will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds received by us. See “Use of proceeds.” You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether proceeds are being used appropriately. You must rely on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the net proceeds we receive from this offering. The net proceeds we receive may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve our efforts to maintain profitability or increase our share price. The net proceeds we receive from this offering may be placed in investments that do not produce income or that lose value.

 

We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

 

Upon completion of this offering, we will become a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002, as well as new rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and the Nasdaq, have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. We expect these new rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, as a result of becoming a public company, we will need to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers due to increased risks of liability to our directors under the new rules and regulations. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these new rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

 

 


 

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Forward-looking statements

 

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that relate to future events, including our future operating results and conditions, our prospects and our future financial performance and condition. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections entitled “Prospectus summary,” “Risk factors,” “Use of proceeds,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations,” “Business” and “The medical equipment and supplies industry in China.” These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those listed under “Risk factors,” which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

 

In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “potential,” “continue,” “is/are likely to” or other similar expressions or the negative of these words or expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements relating to:

 

Ø   our anticipated growth strategies;

 

Ø   our future business development, results of operations and financial condition;

 

Ø   our ability to develop future generations of our HIFU therapy system and future applications of our ECLIA system;

 

Ø   the expected market growth for medical devices and supplies in China;

 

Ø   market acceptance of our technology and products;

 

Ø   our expectations regarding hospital or patients demand for tumor treatment;

 

Ø   our ability to expand our production, sales and distribution network and other aspects of our operations;

 

Ø   our ability to diversify our product range and stay abreast of technological changes;

 

Ø   competition from other HIFU tumor therapy device manufacturers and alternative methods of tumor therapy;

 

Ø   competition from other companies that offer IVD systems in China;

 

Ø   our ability to effectively protect our intellectual property and not infringe on the intellectual property of others;

 

Ø   changes in the healthcare industry in China, including changes in the healthcare policies and regulations of the PRC government and changes in the healthcare insurance sector in the PRC; and

 

Ø   fluctuations in general economic and business conditions in China.

 

This prospectus contains market information related to the medical devices and supplies industry, healthcare insurance, hospitals, the cancer treatment and IVD markets in China. Unlike in the United States, there is limited authoritative data on the healthcare industry in China, particularly on a

 


 

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Forward-looking statements


 

nationwide basis. For example, there is limited data concerning health and patient trends or the medical devices and supplies industry. In addition, any data that is available may not be current. This prospectus contains projections that are based on a number of assumptions. For example, we have made assumptions regarding the growth in the number of tumor patients and the demand for tumor treatment. Our business and marketing plan for the ECLIA system also assumes that small- and medium-size hospitals in China will be interested in buying an IVD system such as ours. Any or all of our assumptions may turn out to be incorrect. The tumor therapy market may not expand at the rates projected by the market information, or at all. If demand for our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system does not grow at the projected rates, our business and the market price of our ADSs would suffer. In addition, the complex and changing nature of broad macroeconomic factors subject any projections or estimates relating to the growth prospects or future conditions of our market to significant uncertainties.

 

The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

 


 

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Use of proceeds

 

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, will be approximately US$66.6 million, assuming an initial offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price. If the underwriter exercises its over-allotment option in full, we estimate that the net proceeds to us will be approximately US$77.1 million. We intend to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering as follows:

 

Ø   approximately US$12.0 million for the remaining payments relating to our acquisition of the ECLIA technology to Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd., or Beijing Weixiao, a company controlled by Mr. Xiaodong Wu, our chairman of board of directors, our chief executive officer and a significant shareholder of our company;

 

Ø   approximately US$8.0 million to fund our research and development of new applications and product design improvements for our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system;

 

Ø   approximately US$8.0 million to purchase additional production equipment and renovate and expand our ECLIA reagent production facility; and

 

Ø   approximately US$5.0 million to increase our sales and marketing efforts.

 

We may also use a portion of the net proceeds we receive from this offering for other general corporate purposes and for the acquisition of businesses, products and technologies that we believe will complement our existing business. We do not presently have specific plans and are not currently engaged in any discussions or negotiations for any acquisitions.

 

We have not yet determined all of our anticipated expenditures and therefore cannot estimate the amounts to be used for each of the purposes discussed above. The amounts and timing of any expenditure will vary depending on the amount of cash generated by our operations, competitive and technological developments and the rate of growth, if any, of our business. Accordingly, our management will have significant discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds we will receive for this offering. Depending on future events and other changes in the business climate, we may determine at a later time to use the net proceeds for different purposes. Pending their use, we intend to invest our net proceeds in short-term bank deposits.

 


 

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Capitalization

 

The following table sets forth our capitalization, as of March 31, 2005:

 

Ø   on an actual basis; and

 

Ø   on an as adjusted basis to reflect the issuance and sale of 5,000,000 ADSs in this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price, and that the underwriter does not exercise its over-allotment option, and after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and estimated offering expenses.

 

You should read this table together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus and the information under “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations.”

 

     As of March 31, 2005

     Actual

   As Adjusted

     RMB    US$(1)    RMB    US$(1)
               (unaudited)
     (in thousands, except for share numbers)

Debt:

                   

Current and non-current portion of long-term loan

   24    3    24    3
    
  
  
  

Total debt

   24    3    24    3
    
  
  
  

Share capital:

                   

Ordinary shares, US$0.1 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 200,000,001 shares issued and outstanding (actual); 250,000,001 shares issued and outstanding (as adjusted)(2)

   165,530    20,000    206,913    25,000

Additional paid-in capital

   —      —      510,039    61,625

General reserve fund

   14,852    1,794    14,852    1,794

Retained earnings

   73,571    8,889    73,571    8,889
    
  
  
  

Total shareholders’ equity

   253,953    30,683    805,375    97,308
    
  
  
  

Total capitalization

   253,977    30,686    805,399    97,311
    
  
  
  

(1)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.
(2)   Excludes 400,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of March 31, 2005 and 29,600,000 ordinary shares reserved for future issuance under our 2005 stock option plan.

 


 

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Dilution

 

If you invest in our ADSs, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per ADS and our net tangible book value per ADS after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the initial public offering price per ordinary share is substantially in excess of the book value per ordinary share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently outstanding ordinary shares.

 

Our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2005 was approximately RMB0.07 (US$0.01) per ordinary share, or approximately US$0.10 per ADS. Net tangible book value per ordinary share represents the amount of total tangible assets, minus the amount of total liabilities, divided by the total number of ordinary shares outstanding. Without taking into account any other changes in such net tangible book value after March 31, 2005, other than to give effect to our sale of the 5,000,000 ADSs offered in this offering, at the assumed initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses (assuming the over-allotment option is not exercised), our adjusted net tangible book value at March 31, 2005 would have been US$0.27 per outstanding ordinary share, including ordinary shares underlying our outstanding ADSs, or US$2.70 per ADS. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of US$0.26 per ordinary share, or US$2.60 per ADS, to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of US$1.23 per ordinary share, or US$12.30 per ADS, to investors purchasing ADSs in this offering. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

 

Assumed initial public offering price per ordinary share

   US$ 1.50

Net tangible book value per ordinary share as of March 31, 2005

   US$ 0.01

Increase in net tangible book value per ordinary share attributable to this offering

   US$ 0.26

Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ordinary share to new investors in the offering

   US$ 1.23

Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ADS to new investors in the offering

   US$ 12.30

 

The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of March 31, 2005, the differences between existing shareholders and the new investors with respect to the number of ordinary shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the average price per ordinary share paid before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, assuming an initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS. The total number of ordinary shares does not include              ADSs issuable upon the exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriter.

 

    

Ordinary shares

purchased


    Total consideration

   

Average price

per ordinary

share

  

Average
price per

ADS

     Number    Percent     Amount    Percent       

Existing shareholders

   200,000,001    80 %   US$ 20,000,000    21 %   US$ 0.10    US$ 1.00

New investors

   50,000,000    20       75,000,000    79       1.50      15.00
    
  

 

  

 

  

Total

   250,000,001    100 %   US$ 95,000,000    100 %             
    
  

 

  

            

 

The discussion and tables above also assume no exercise of any outstanding stock options. As of March 31, 2005, there were 400,000 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options at an exercise price of US$1.36 per share, and there were 29,600,000 ordinary shares available for future issuance upon the exercise of future grants under our 2005 stock option plan. If all of these options had been exercised on March 31, 2005, after giving effect to this offering, our net tangible book value would have been approximately US$68.9 million, or US$0.28 per ordinary share and US$2.80 per ADS, and the dilution in net tangible book value to new investors would have been US$1.22 per ordinary share, or US$12.20 per ADS. In addition, the dilution will be US$1.19 per ordinary share, or US$11.90 per ADS, if the underwriter exercises its option to purchase additional ADSs in full.

 


 

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Dividend policy

 

Dividends of RMB39.2 million in respect of the calendar years 2001 and 2002 and of RMB28.2 million in respect of the calendar year 2003 were approved by our shareholders in February and March 2004, respectively. These dividends were recognized as liabilities on the balance sheet dated March 31, 2004. As of March 31, 2005, we had dividends payable in the amount of RMB4.2 million (US$0.5 million). We do not have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.

 

We rely principally on dividends paid to us by YDME Beijing, our wholly-owned subsidiary in China, for our cash requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, service any debt we may incur and pay our operating expenses. In China, the payment of dividends is subject to limitations. PRC regulations currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under current PRC laws, regulations and accounting standards, YDME Beijing is required to allocate at least 10% of its after-tax profits to its general reserves. Allocation to these reserves is not required after these reserves have reached 50% of the registered capital of YDME Beijing. In addition, at the discretion of its board of directors, YDME Beijing may allocate a portion of its after-tax profits to its enterprise expansion funds and staff welfare and bonus funds. Staff welfare and bonus funds may not be distributed to equity owners.

 

Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether we will distribute dividends in the future. Even if our board of directors decides to distribute dividends, the form, frequency and amount of our dividends will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Any dividend we declare will be paid to the holders of ADSs, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement and applicable laws, to the same extent as holders of our ordinary shares, less the fees and expenses payable under the deposit agreement. Any dividend we declare will be distributed by the depositary bank to the holders of our ADSs. Cash dividends on our ordinary shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars. See “Description of American Depositary Shares.”

 


 

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Exchange rate information

 

Our business is primarily conducted in China and all of our revenues and expenses are denominated in Renminbi. However, periodic reports made to shareholders will include current period amounts translated into U.S. dollars using the then current exchange rates, for the convenience of the readers. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars in this prospectus were made at a rate of RMB8.2765 to US$1.00, the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi per U.S. dollar as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as of March 31, 2005. This translation was made solely for the convenience of the readers. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. The PRC government imposes control over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of Renminbi into foreign exchange and through restrictions on foreign trade. The prevailing rate as of July 14, 2005 was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.

 

The following table sets forth information concerning exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. The source of these rates is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

 

     Noon buying rate

Period    Period
End
   Average(1)    Low    High
     (RMB per US$1.00)

2000

   8.2774    8.2784    8.2799    8.2768

2001

   8.2766    8.2770    8.2786    8.2676

2002

   8.2800    8.2770    8.2800    8.2669

2003

   8.2767    8.2772    8.2800    8.2765

2004

   8.2765    8.2768    8.2774    8.2764

2005

                   

January

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

February

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

March

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

April

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

May

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

June

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

July (through July 14, 2005)

   8.2765    8.2765    8.2765    8.2765

(1)   Annual averages are calculated from month-end rates. Monthly averages are calculated using the average of the daily rates during the relevant period.

 


 

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Selected consolidated financial data

 

The following selected consolidated statement of operations data for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2004 and 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. These consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, our consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2004 and 2005 and for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been audited by KPMG and were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our selected consolidated statement of operation data for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2002 and our consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2002 and 2003 have been derived from the audited financial statements of YDME Beijing, our deemed predecessor, which are not included in this prospectus. Our selected consolidated statement of operation data for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2001 and our consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2001 have been derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this prospectus, but which have been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in any future period.

 


 

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Selected consolidated financial data


 

    Year ended March 31,

 
Statement of operations data   2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2005  
    (unaudited)                                
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     US$(3)  
    (in thousands, except for per share and per ADS data)  

Revenues, net(1)

  38,903     44,849     63,716     110,750     217,547     26,284  

Cost of revenues

  (12,974 )   (11,504 )   (20,627 )   (33,983 )   (64,579 )   (7,803 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

  25,929     33,345     43,089     76,767     152,968     18,481  

Operating expenses:

                                   

Research and development

  (830 )   (1,192 )   (1,246 )   (2,036 )   (2,815 )   (340 )

Sales and marketing

  (1,006 )   (2,059 )   (1,963 )   (2,632 )   (4,960 )   (599 )

General and administrative

  (4,001 )   (8,805 )   (7,235 )   (5,619 )   (16,644 )   (2,011 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

  (5,837 )   (12,056 )   (10,444 )   (10,287 )   (24,419 )   (2,950 )

Operating income

  20,092     21,289     32,645     66,480     128,549     15,531  

Net interest (expense)/income and other income(2)

  (1,332 )   (1,884 )   (1,803 )   14     1,748     211  
   

 

 

 

 

 

Income before tax

  18,760     19,405     30,842     66,494     130,297     15,742  

Income tax benefit (expense)

  —       433     (3,286 )   (4,933 )   (11,854 )   (1,432 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income(4)

  18,760     19,838     27,556     61,561     118,443     14,310  

Earnings per share, basic and diluted(4)

  0.39     0.17     0.23     0.31     0.59     0.07  

Earnings per ADS, basic and diluted (unaudited)(5)

  3.90     1.70     2.30     3.10     5.90     0.70  

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

  48,597     120,000     122,411     200,000     200,000     200,000  

Weighted average number of ADSs outstanding (unaudited)

  4,860     12,000     12,241     20,000     20,000     20,000  

(1)   Revenues, net, include revenue from sales of our products, net of VAT, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances, but include VAT refunds on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our products. VAT refunds for the five fiscal years ended March 31, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 were Nil, Nil, RMB3.6 million, RMB7.1 million and RMB14.7 million (US$1.8 million), respectively.
(2)   Net interest (expense)/income and other income include “interest expense,” “interest income” and “other income” from our consolidated financial statements.
(3)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.
(4)   If YDME Beijing had not been exempted from paying the EIT for the three calendar years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 and had not had a reduced EIT rate of 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, YDME Beijing would have had an EIT rate of 15%. With an EIT rate of 15%, our net income and basic and diluted earnings per share for the following periods would have been as follows:

 

     Year ended March 31,

     2001    2002    2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB    RMB    RMB    RMB    RMB    US$
     (unaudited, in thousands, except for per share data)

Net income

   15,236    15,950    24,676    57,023    112,694    13,615

Earnings per share, basic and diluted

   0.31    0.13    0.20    0.29    0.56    0.07

 

(5)   Each ADS represents 10 ordinary shares.

 

     As of March 31,

Balance sheet data    2001    2002    2003    2004                2005     
                         Actual     Actual     As adjusted(2)    As adjusted(2)
     (unaudited)                               (unaudited)
     RMB    RMB    RMB    RMB    RMB     US$(1)     RMB    US$(1)
     (in thousands)     

Cash and cash equivalents

   10,568    1,268    27,371    24,114    14,646     1,770     566,068    68,395

Working capital(3)

   2,869    25,334    98,442    52,238    (66,707 )   (8,060 )   484,715    58,565

Total assets

   64,202    86,544    179,810    192,161    457,768     55,308     1,009,190    121,933

Long-term loan (excluding current installments)

   —      —      166    24    —           —      —  

Total shareholders’ equity(4)

   29,886    49,724    141,312    135,510    253,953     30,683     805,375    97,308

(1)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.
(2)   As adjusted to give effect to the sales of 5,000,000 ADSs, assuming an initial public offering price of US$15.00 per ADS, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses to be paid by us, but assuming that the underwriter does not exercise its over-allotment option.
(3)   Working capital is unaudited and is calculated by using current assets minus current liabilities.
(4)   Dividends of RMB0.9735 per share totaling RMB39.2 million were approved by our shareholders in February 2004 in respect of calendar years 2001 and 2002; dividends of RMB0.4198 per share totaling RMB28.2 million were approved by our shareholders in March 2004 in respect of calendar year 2003. No dividend is declared in any other period presented.

 


 

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Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

 

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the section entitled “Selected consolidated financial data” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, including as a result of those matters set forth under “Risk factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

OVERVIEW

 

We are a China-based medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets products using HIFU for the treatment of solid cancers and benign tumors in China. We commenced operations in July 1999 through YDME Beijing, a limited liability company incorporated in China. We created a holding company structure by incorporating China Medical Technologies, Inc. in the Cayman Islands in July 2004. Through a corporate reorganization, YDME Beijing became our wholly-owned subsidiary in January 2005 and the shareholders of YDME Beijing exchanged all of their shares in YDME Beijing for our ordinary shares. YDME Beijing is considered our predecessor under U.S. GAAP as our reorganization was treated as a recapitalization.

 

We currently have two products and started reporting our financial results in two segments along product lines since our acquisition of the ECLIA technology in August 2004. Our main product, the HIFU therapy system, is an ultrasound-guided acoustic ablation system that is used for the non-invasive treatment of solid tumors. Our second product, the ECLIA system, is an enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay IVD system that can be used to diagnose and analyze a variety of diseases and conditions, including various thyroid disorders, diabetes, disorders related to reproduction and growth, various types of tumors and SARS.

 

The HIFU therapy system was our only product until September 2004. PUPH commenced research on HIFU medical devices for the treatment of tumors in the early 1990s with funding provided by Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd, or Beijing Chengxuan, a company controlled by Mr. Xiaodong Wu. Mr. Wu is the chairman of our board of directors, our chief executive officer and a significant shareholder of our company. Clinical trials of an early version of the HIFU therapy system commenced in 1998. We acquired our HIFU technology at a price of RMB6.0 million from PUPH and Beijing Chengxuan and commenced the commercial production and distribution of our HIFU therapy system in November 1999. This was shortly after YDME Beijing was co-founded by PUPH and Beijing Chengxuan.

 

We began marketing and selling our ECLIA system in September 2004. PUPH commenced research on ECLIA technology in the early 1990s with funds provided by Beijing Weixiao, a company controlled by Mr. Wu. Beijing Weixiao began participating in ECLIA technology research in August 2001 and subsequently acquired the ECLIA technology from PUPH in July 2003. We acquired the ECLIA technology from Beijing Weixiao in August 2004. Under the acquisition agreement, we agreed to pay Beijing Weixiao a total purchase price of RMB250.0 million (US$30.2 million) before September 30, 2005 for the ECLIA technology, related inventories and a noncompete commitment. We made payments of RMB80.0 million (US$9.7 million), RMB12.0 million (US$1.4 million), RMB8.0 million (US$1.0 million) and RMB50.0 million (US$6.0 million) in September 2004, December 2004, February 2005 and

 


 

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March 2005, respectively. This acquisition broadens our product offerings and presents a significant opportunity to market our ECLIA system to small- and medium-size hospitals in China. Many of these hospitals currently use less advanced IVD systems because they lack sufficient financial means to purchase other luminescence immunoassay systems available in China, which are mostly automatic and imported. Many of the key research and development personnel who developed the HIFU and ECLIA technologies at PUPH are currently employed by our company.

 

We market and sell our HIFU therapy system to distributors and sell a small percentage of our HIFU therapy systems directly to hospitals. We market and sell our ECLIA system solely to distributors.

 

We have limited product offerings and depend entirely on two products. In addition, we have a limited operating history for you to use as a basis to evaluate our business. You should consider the risks and difficulties frequently encountered by early-stage companies, such as us, in new and rapidly evolving markets, such as the medical equipment and supplies market in China. Although we have been profitable since our fiscal year ended March 31, 2000, our business and operations have evolved rapidly and significantly since our inception in July 1999 and we expect such change and evolvement to continue in the future.

 

PRICING

 

Distributors in China operate primarily on a for-profit basis, and hospitals in China are expected to use a substantial portion of their revenues to fund their operations. Treatment fees for HIFU tumor therapy are set by provincial governments in China, a factor we consider when pricing our HIFU therapy system. To gain market penetration, we price our HIFU therapy system at levels that we believe offer attractive economic returns to distributors and hospitals, taking into account the prices of competing products in the market. We market and sell our products to distributors at a price that is significantly lower than the price that hospitals pay for our products. We believe that our HIFU therapy system is competitively priced compared to other HIFU tumor therapy devices available in China.

 

We believe that our ECLIA system is competitively priced to offer attractive economic returns to our distributors. The prices of our reagent kits are significantly lower than those of foreign imports.

 

The provincial governments in China set the treatment fee rates for HIFU tumor therapy and they may adjust the fee rates from time to time. If they reduce the fee rates, some hospitals and distributors may be discouraged from purchasing our HIFU therapy system, which would reduce our sales. In that event, we may need to decrease the price of our HIFU therapy system to provide our customers acceptable returns on their purchases. We cannot assure you that our business, financial condition and results of operations will not be adversely affected by any reduction in treatment fees for HIFU tumor therapy in the future.

 

REVENUES

 

We currently derive revenues primarily from three sources:

 

Ø   sales of our HIFU therapy system, which currently account for a substantial portion of our revenues;

 

Ø   sales of our ECLIA analyzer, which we expect to increase as a percentage of our revenues; and

 

Ø   sales of our ECLIA reagent kits, which currently generate limited revenue but we expect to grow significantly as more hospitals start using our ECLIA analyzer.

 

Our net revenues are net of VAT, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances, but include VAT refunds on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system. See “—Taxes and incentives.”

 


 

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Revenues from sales represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added taxes, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances. We recognize revenues at the time our products are accepted by either our distributors or the hospitals designated by these distributors depending on contractual stipulation, which typically occurs within one to two weeks of shipment.

 

Our revenues, growth and results of operations depend on several factors, including the level of acceptance of our products among doctors, hospitals and patients and our ability to maintain prices for our products at levels that provide favorable margins. The level of acceptance among doctors, hospitals and patients is influenced by the performance and pricing of our products, our ability to educate distributors and the medical community about our products, our relationships with hospitals and major distributors as well as other factors.

 

Our revenues have fluctuated significantly from quarter to quarter in the past due to the fluctuation in the sales of our HIFU therapy system. Sales of our HIFU therapy system are seasonal and our third and fourth fiscal quarters, which are the six calendar months ending March 31, have historically been our strongest. We believe that the relatively stronger performance in our third and fourth fiscal quarters is largely due to the budget cycles of hospitals in China. Hospitals in China typically make their capital expenditure decisions, such as decisions on whether to purchase our HIFU therapy system, between June and December. Our HIFU therapy system is usually shipped to customers between September to March, which are our third and fourth fiscal quarters. As our main product, the HIFU therapy system, is sold at a relatively high unit price, the size and timing of individual orders can have a significant effect on our results of operations in any given quarter. We only began to sell our ECLIA system in September 2004. We expect that sales of our ECLIA system will fluctuate to a lesser extent from quarter to quarter compared to sales of our HIFU therapy system.

 

Our sales have historically been made on the basis of purchase orders rather than long-term commitments and we do not have long-term contracts with any of our customers. We have been dependent on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues and this dependence is likely to continue. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, sales to our top five customers accounted for 66.5% of our revenues. In the earlier stage of our development, a relatively large percentage of the sales of our HIFU therapy systems was generated through our own direct sales. As we continue to increase our sales efficiently and effectively, we increasingly rely on sales to distributors rather than through our own direct sales. In the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, 66.7%, 95.2% and 97.0% of our HIFU therapy systems were sold to distributors. As the target end markets for our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system are different, we expect our two products to be sold to different groups of distributors. We cannot assure you that any customer will continue to purchase our products at the same levels as in prior years or that our relationship with any of them will continue. We expect that a substantial portion of our sales will continue to be generated by a relatively small group of distributors that may change from year to year. Such changes are due primarily to the fragmented nature of the medical equipment distribution industry in China. Distributors of our HIFU therapy systems are typically companies that only have the resources to target a limited number of hospitals at a given time. Once they have won orders from targeted hospitals, it takes some time to develop relationships with new hospitals. In addition, we require our distributors to pay us in full within a year of accepting our products, but our distributors may give their hospital customers longer payment terms under various types of sales arrangements, including profit-sharing programs, in order to facilitate their own sales. For example, under profit-sharing programs, distributors install our HIFU therapy system in hospitals for free and, in return, receive a portion of the net profits generated by the system. Such profit-sharing programs require upfront capital commitments from distributors upon their purchase of the HIFU therapy system from us. As a result, these distributors may need time to recover their financial resources to purchase additional products from us.

 


 

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For sales of our HIFU therapy system, we generally collect 30.0% to 40.0% of the sale price when customers place purchase orders or after the shipment is accepted by either our distributors or the hospitals designated by these distributors, and the balance within one year of acceptance. For sales of ECLIA analyzer, we collect 20.0% to 40.0% of the sale price before delivery or after acceptance and the balance within one year of acceptance. For sales of reagent kits, we do not require down payments, and collect payments three months after acceptance.

 

COSTS

 

The following table sets forth our cost of revenues and our operating expenses as a percentage of our revenues for the periods indicated.

 

     Year ended March 31,

 
     2003     2004     2005  

Cost of revenues

   32.4 %   30.7 %   29.7 %

Operating expenses

                  

Research and development expenses

   2.0     1.8     1.3  

Sales and marketing expenses

   3.0     2.4     2.3  

General and administrative expenses

   11.4     5.1     7.6  
    

 

 

Total operating expenses

   16.4 %   9.3 %   11.2 %
    

 

 

 

Cost of revenues

 

Our cost of revenues primarily consists of material and component costs. It also includes amortization of intangible assets and direct costs incurred in the assembly, installation and service of our products, such as salaries and related personnel expenses and depreciation costs of plant and equipment used for production purposes. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment attributable to manufacturing activities is capitalized as part of inventory, and expensed as cost of revenues when product is sold. Depreciation for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 amounted to RMB1,801,000, RMB846,000 and RMB1,184,000 (US$143,000), respectively. We produce our reagent kits, and conduct the final product assembly, testing and packaging of our HIFU therapy systems and our ECLIA analyzers in-house and outsource the production of a majority of our components to third-party suppliers.

 

As we source a significant portion of our components and raw materials in China, we currently have a relatively low cost base compared to medical technology companies in more developed countries. We expect the costs of components and raw materials in China will increase in the future as a result of further economic development in China. In addition, our focus on new generations and applications of our products may require higher cost components and raw materials. We plan to offset increases in our cost of raw materials and components through more efficient product designs and product assembly enhancements as well as through savings due to economies of scale.

 

Operating expenses

 

Our operating expenses primarily consist of research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses.

 

Research and development.    Research and development expenses primarily consist of costs associated with the design, development, testing and enhancement of our existing products. These costs consist of expenditures for purchases of supplies, clinical trials, salaries and related personnel expenses, and other relevant costs. Going forward, we expect to increase our research and development expenses to develop new applications and improve the product designs of our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system.

 


 

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Sales and marketing.    Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel engaged in sales, marketing and customer support functions and costs associated with advertising and other marketing activities. We also include warranty costs, if any, in sales and marketing expenses. Similar to most China-based manufacturers of medical equipment and supplies, our sales are made primarily to distributors. As a result, our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues are significantly lower than manufacturers of medical equipment and supplies that operate their own marketing and distribution networks and sell directly to hospitals. Going forward, we expect to increase our expenditures on sales and marketing to promote our products, especially our ECLIA system.

 

General and administrative.    General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management, fees and expenses of our outside advisers, including legal, audit and valuation expenses, expenses associated with our administrative offices and the depreciation of equipment used for administrative purposes. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase as we hire additional personnel and incur costs related to the anticipated growth of our business and our operation as a U.S. public company upon completion of this offering.

We adopted our 2005 stock option plan in February 2005. On March 14, 2005, we granted options to acquire 400,000 of our ordinary shares to two of our directors under this stock option plan. We currently account for these options in accordance with APB 25, and its related interpretations, which require us to record a compensation charge for the excess of the fair value for the stock at the grant date over the amount the grantee must pay to acquire the stock. We recognize the compensation expense over the applicable service period of the grantee, which is usually the vesting period. See “—Critical accounting policy—Share-based compensation.”

 

TAXES AND INCENTIVES

 

Under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, we are not subject to tax on our income or capital gains. In addition, no Cayman Islands withholding tax will be imposed on payments of dividends by us to our shareholders.

 

Under the current PRC laws, YDME Beijing is subject to EIT and VAT. YDME Beijing has been classified as a high technology company and currently operates in an approved economic-technological development area. As such, it is subject to an EIT rate of 15%, compared to a statutory rate of 33% for most companies in China. This classification also exempted YDME Beijing from paying the EIT for the three calendar years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, and reduced YDME Beijing’s EIT rate to 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. YDME Beijing’s EIT rate became 15% after December 31, 2004. For the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, YDME Beijing incurred income tax expense of RMB3.3 million, RMB4.9 million and RMB11.9 million (US$1.4 million), respectively. If YDME Beijing had not had a reduced EIT rate of 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%, and our income tax expense for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 would have been RMB6.2 million, RMB9.5 million and RMB17.6 million (US$2.1 million), respectively. VAT is charged based on the selling price of our products at a general rate of 17%. Our revenues are recorded net of this VAT. However, we are entitled to a 14% refund of VAT on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system. We recognize the VAT refund as part of our net revenues under U.S. GAAP. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, VAT refunds amounted to RMB14.7 million (US$1.8 million), which accounted for 6.8% of our revenues for the period. See “Risk factors—Risks related to doing business in China—Our business benefits from certain government incentives. Expiration of, or changes to, these incentives could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.”

 


 

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

We prepare financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities and the disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities at the end of each fiscal period and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each fiscal period. We continually evaluate these judgments and estimates based on our own historical experience, knowledge and assessment of current business and other conditions, our expectations regarding the future considering available information and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, which together form our basis for making judgments about matters that are not readily apparent from other sources. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, our actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require a higher degree of judgment than others in their application.

 

The selection of critical accounting policies, the judgments and other uncertainties affecting application of those policies and the sensitivity of reported results to changes in conditions and assumptions are factors that should be considered when reviewing our consolidated financial statements. We believe the following accounting policies involve the most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

 

Depreciation and amortization expenses

 

We depreciate property, plant and equipment and amortize our intangible assets on a straight-line basis over the respective estimated useful lives of these intangible assets, after taking into account their estimated residual values.

 

An existing patent is amortized over the remaining protective period of the patent as allowed by the relevant regulatory authorities. The patent we acquired as part of our ECLIA acquisition is amortized over its remaining protected period of 17 years.

 

In determining the estimated useful lives of our unpatented technology in our ECLIA acquisition, we consider the following pertinent factors:

 

Ø   the expected protective period of similar patented technology as allowed by the relevant regulatory authorities;

 

Ø   the planning horizon of our operations taking into account the medical equipment and supply market in China as a whole; and

 

Ø   the economic lives and history of other similar diagnostic technologies currently used by hospitals in the world.

 

As a result, we have estimated the useful life of the unpatented technology we acquired as part of our ECLIA acquisition to be 20 years.

 

The estimated useful life of the noncompete commitment we acquired in our ECLIA acquisition is based on the validity of the noncompete commitment, as measured by the estimated timing for Beijing Weixiao to develop a similar technology and the length of the impact if Beijing Weixiao were to develop the technology and to compete with us. As a result, we have estimated the useful life of the noncompete commitment to be 10 years.

 

We review the estimated useful lives and estimated residual values of our assets regularly in order to determine the amount of depreciation and amortization expenses to be recorded during any reporting period. We determine the estimated useful lives for property, plant and equipment based on our historical usage experience with similar assets and taking into account anticipated technological changes.

 


 

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We adjust the depreciation and amortization expenses for future periods if there are significant changes from previous estimates. For the periods presented, no significant changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation/amortization expenses occurred.

 

Recoverability of long-lived assets

 

We review periodically the carrying amounts of our long-lived assets to be held and used, including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in order to assess whether the recoverable amounts, based on expected undiscounted net cash flows, have declined below the carrying amounts. We test these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their recorded carrying amounts may not be recoverable. When such a decline has occurred, we reduce the carrying amount to the estimated fair value. The amount of impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amounts of the assets and their estimated fair value. We determine estimated fair value using expected future cash flows generated by the assets and such future cash flows are discounted to their present value, which requires significant judgment in terms of projection of cash flows for future years and the assumption on the pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For the periods presented, we have not been required to recognize any impairment losses in our consolidated financial statements.

 

Collectibility of our accounts receivable

 

We evaluate the collectibility of our accounts receivable based on the aging of account balances, collection history, credit quality of the customer and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay.

 

We currently do no recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts in our consolidated financial statements because of our past collection experience. However, we have been dependent on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues. If a major customer’s financial condition deteriorates, or if our customer default rates become higher than historical levels, our estimates of the recoverability of amounts due to us could change, and an allowances could be required, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

Warranty obligations

 

Each of our HIFU therapy systems and ECLIA analyzers are typically sold with a 12-month unlimited warranty against technical defects, the term of which begins upon acceptance of the product by the customer. Costs for warranty claims are recorded as sales and marketing expenses when such claims are made. Based on limited number of warranty claims in the past for our HIFU therapy system and the relatively low historical repair costs, we do not generally accrue any liability for potential warranty costs at the time of sale. However, if we begin to experience an increase in the frequency of claims or the amount of repair costs to cover our warranty obligations, we will begin to provide for such warranty costs at the time of product sale. If we had incurred a warranty claim rate of 1% of our net revenues, our estimated warranty costs for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 would have been approximately RMB0.6 million, RMB1.1 million and RMB2.2 million (US$0.3 million), respectively.

 

Share-based compensation

 

We have elected to follow the intrinsic value-based method prescribed by APB 25, and its related interpretations in accounting for employee stock options rather than adopting the alternative fair value accounting provided under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, “Accounting for Stock-Based

 


 

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Compensation,” or SFAS 123. Therefore, we recognize compensation expense for stock options we granted to two of our directors where the exercise price is less than the deemed fair value of the ordinary shares on the date of grant. We comply with the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 and SFAS 148, which require that we disclose our pro forma net income or loss and net income or loss per ordinary share as if we had expensed the fair value of the stock options. In calculating such fair value, there are certain assumptions that we use, as disclosed in note 4(k) to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The fair value of the stock options granted to our two directors is based on management’s estimates using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. These fair value estimates are based on a number of variables, including the estimated fair value of our ordinary shares at the time of the grant, which are subject to changes over the lives of the instruments.

 

We record deferred share-based compensation, which consists of the amounts by which the estimated fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the stock option exceeds the exercise price at the date of grant or other measurement date, if applicable. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, we granted stock options to two of our directors to purchase 400,000 of our ordinary shares with an exercise price of US$1.36 per share. During our preparation of this offering, we determined, through discussions with the underwriter, that the offering was likely to be in a range of US$1.40 to US$1.60 per ordinary share. Accordingly, we consider US$1.50 per ordinary share, the midpoint of the estimated range of the initial public offering price, to be an appropriate indicator of the fair value of our ordinary shares. However, the fair value of our ordinary shares cannot be determined with precision or certainty until after this offering occurs and a trading market is established for our ordinary shares. Based on our discussions with the underwriter, we reassessed the fair value of our ordinary shares and determined that we granted the options in March 2005 at exercise prices that were below the reassessed fair value of our ordinary shares on the date of grant. Accordingly, share-based compensation of RMB463,000 (US$56,000) should be recorded during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, which represents the difference between the exercise price of US$1.36 per share and the estimated fair value of US$1.50 per share in respect of 400,000 ordinary shares issuable under the options granted on March 14, 2005. Deferred share-based compensation expenses will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the two-year vesting period. Amortization of this share-based compensation through March 31, 2005 was inconsequential.

 

We are currently not required to record share-based compensation charges if the stock option exercise price equals or exceeds the deemed fair value of our ordinary shares at the date of grant. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which is a revision to SFAS 123 and which supersedes APB 25 and SFAS 148. SFAS 123R requires that the estimated fair value resulting from all share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. If we had estimated the fair value of the options on the date of grant in our financial statements, and amortized this estimated fair value over the vesting period of the options, our net income would have decreased during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Under a new SEC rule, a company may elect to adopt the provisions of SFAS 123R at the beginning of their first annual period beginning after June 15, 2005. Consequently, we have elected to defer the adoption of SFAS 123R until April 1, 2006. We expect to recognize amortization of share-based compensation expenses of RMB698,000 (US$84,000) and nil in the fiscal years ending March 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, upon the adoption of SFAS 123R. The estimated impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R as of April 1, 2006 is based on current assumptions regarding stock options currently issued and outstanding. Subsequent issuances of share-based payment will result in additional expenses in future periods. The pro forma results disclosed in note 4(k) to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus are not necessarily indicative of what the impact of SFAS 123R on our consolidated financial statements will be upon adoption.

 


 

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OUR SELECTED QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

We believe comparisons of our most recent fiscal quarters, which we have included below, provide useful information for investors regarding our results of operations and illustrate the recent trends in our business and operations. This is particularly so since the majority of our operating activity and growth has occurred during our most recent fiscal quarters. However, you should not rely on these quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our historical results to predict our future performance. There are many factors, including those discussed under “Risk factors,” that could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. In the future, we may not publicly report or otherwise provide comparisons of financial information for sequential quarters if we determine that it is no longer meaningful for investors for purposes of understanding our business. The following table presents our unaudited selected quarterly results of operations for the eight quarters ended March 31, 2005. You should read the following table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited financial information on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited financial information reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and operating results for the periods presented. The historical quarterly results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future quarters or for any full year.

 

    Three months ended

 
Statement of operations data   June 30,
2003
    September 30,
2003
    December 31,
2003
    March 31,
2004
    June 30,
2004
    September 30,
2004
    December 31,
2004
    March 31,
2005
 
    (unaudited, RMB in thousands)  
                                                 

Revenues, net(1)

  5,736     7,714     53,161     44,139     26,464     48,456     68,397     74,230  

Cost of revenues

  (2,046 )   (2,794 )   (16,517 )   (12,626 )   (8,087 )   (14,312 )   (20,609 )   (21,571 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total gross profit

  3,690     4,920     36,644     31,513     18,377     34,144     47,788     52,659  

Operating expenses:

                                               

Research and development

  (400 )   (483 )   (721 )   (432 )   (568 )   (462 )   (639 )   (1,146 )

Sales and marketing

  (333 )   (545 )   (510 )   (1,244 )   (1,052 )   (934 )   (1,259 )   (1,715 )

General and administrative

  (978 )   (794 )   (2,107 )   (1,740 )   (3,561 )   (4,005 )   (4,443 )   (4,635 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

  (1,711 )   (1,822 )   (3,338 )   (3,416 )   (5,181 )   (5,401 )   (6,341 )   (7,496 )

Operating income

  1,979     3,098     33,306     28,097     13,196     28,743     41,447     45,163  

Net interest (expense)/income and other income/(expenses) (2).

  (91 )   43     39     23     114     41     1,608     (15 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before tax

  1,888     3,141     33,345     28,120     13,310     28,784     43,055     45,148  

Income tax expense(3)

  (91 )   (198 )   (2,572 )   (2,072 )   (1,022 )   (2,200 )   (2,916 )   (5,716 )
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income(3)

  1,797     2,943     30,773     26,048     12,288     26,584     40,139     39,432  
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


(1)   Revenues, net, include revenues from sales of our products, net of VAT, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances, but include VAT refunds on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our products.
(2)   Net interest (expense)/income and other income include “interest expense,” “interest income” and “other income” from our consolidated financial statements.
(3)   If our subsidiary YDME Beijing had not had a reduced EIT rate of 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%, and our income tax expense and net income for the following periods would have been as follows:

 

    Three months ended

    June 30,
2003
  September 30,
2003
  December 31,
2003
  March 31,
2004
  June 30,
2004
  September 30,
2004
  December 31,
2004
  March 31,
2005
    (unaudited, RMB in thousands)

Income tax expense

  241   428   4,772   4,030   1,924   4,234   5,729   5,716

Net income

  1,647   2,713   28,573   24,090   11,385   24,550   37,327   39,432

 


 

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Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations


 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following table sets forth a summary of our statements of operations as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated. Our historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for our fiscal year ending March 31, 2006 or any other future period.

 

     Year ended March 31,

 
     2003

    2004

    2005

 
     RMB     % of net
revenues
    RMB     % of net
revenues
    RMB     % of net
revenues
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Revenues, net(1)

   63,716     100.0 %   110,750     100.0 %   217,547     100 %

Cost of revenues

   (20,627 )   (32.4 )   (33,983 )   (30.7 )   (64,579 )   (29.7 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

   43,089     67.6     76,767     69.3     152,968     70.3  

Operating expenses:

                                    

Research and development

   (1,246 )   (2.0 )   (2,036 )   (1.8 )   (2,815 )   (1.3 )

Sales and marketing

   (1,963 )   (3.0 )   (2,632 )   (2.4 )   (4,960 )   (2.3 )

General and administrative

   (7,235 )   (11.4 )   (5,619 )   (5.1 )   (16,644 )   (7.6 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   (10,444 )   (16.4 )   (10,287 )   (9.3 )   (24,419 )   (11.2 )

Operating Income

   32,645     51.2     66,480     60.0     128,549     59.1  

Net interest (expense)/income and other income(2)

   (1,803 )   (2.8 )   14         1,748     0.8  
    

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

   30,842     48.4     66,494     60.0     130,297     59.9  

Income tax expense

   (3,286 )   (5.2 )   (4,933 )   (4.4 )   (11,854 )   (5.4 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income

   27,556     43.2 %   61,561     55.6 %   118,443     54.5 %
    

 

 

 

 

 


(1)   Revenues, net, include revenues from sales of our products, net of VAT, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances, but include VAT refunds on the sales of self-developed software embedded in our products.
(2)   Net interest (expense)/income and other income include “interest expense,” “interest income” and “other income” from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Comparison of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2005 and March 31, 2004

 

Revenues, net.    Our revenues were divided between two operating segments for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, HIFU therapy system sales and ECLIA system sales. HIFU therapy system sales and ECLIA system sales accounted for 81.5% and 18.5% of our sales, respectively, for the year. We expect ECLIA sales, including sales of ECLIA analyzer and reagent kits, to grow at a higher rate than that of our HIFU therapy sales. See “—Revenues.”

 

Our revenues increased 96.3% to RMB217.5 million (US$26.3 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB110.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to a significant increase in revenues generated from the sale of our HIFU therapy system and, to a lesser extent, the introduction of our ECLIA system to the market during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Revenues from sales of our HIFU therapy system increased by 60.0% from RMB110.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 to RMB177.3 million (US$21.4 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Sales of our HIFU therapy system increased to 65 units for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 42 units for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The increase in the HIFU therapy system sales volume resulted from the increased awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients. We sold HIFU therapy systems to a number of new customers for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Sales to our largest customer for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, Beijing Wei Jian Da Medical Technology Co. Ltd., amounted to RMB51.3 million (US$6.2 million), or 23.6% of our net revenues during that period while sales to our largest customer for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, Beijing Jia Xing Fang Zhou Trade Co., Ltd., or Jia

 


 

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Xing Fang Zhou, amounted to RMB25.6 million, or 23.1% of our net revenue for that fiscal year. Jia Xing Fang Zhou and one of our other largest customers for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, Shanghai Yi Li System Technology Co., Ltd., did not purchase additional products from us in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005; as they purchased our HIFU therapy systems to operate profit-sharing programs, we believe they would need time to recover sufficient financial resources to purchase additional products from us. See “—Revenues.” In addition, these two customers may not have enough additional experienced operating staff to manage additional profit-sharing programs. Our other top customers for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 remained as our top customers for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. These customers purchased our HIFU therapy systems either to resell or to operate profit-sharing programs. The increase was also attributable to the commencement of the sale of our ECLIA system in September 2004, sale of which amounted to RMB40.3 million (US$4.9 million) and accounted for 18.5% of our net revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Our revenue increase was also due in part to a significant increase in VAT refunds, which we recognize as part of our net revenues, to RMB14.7 million (US$1.8 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from RMB7.1 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, as a result of the increase in the sales of our self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system.

 

Cost of revenues and gross margin.    Our cost of revenues increased 90.0% to RMB64.6 million (US$7.8 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB34.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase resulted primarily from a 65.6% increase in our expenditures on raw materials and components to RMB53.0 million (US$6.4 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB32.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The increase in the purchase of raw materials and components was due primarily to a significant increase in the number of HIFU therapy systems we sold as well as our sales of ECLIA systems for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005.

 

Our gross margin increased slightly to 70.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 69.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The increase was due primarily to the increase in economies of scale of our operations. As we increased the number of HIFU therapy systems we sold, the depreciation cost of plant and equipment and salaries expense for our production personnel on a per unit basis decreased. At the same time, we were also able to purchase raw materials and components at a lower unit cost. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or improve our gross margin in any future period.

 

Operating expenses.    Our operating expenses increased significantly to RMB24.4 million (US$3.0 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB10.3 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to significant increases in our general and administrative and sales and marketing expenses, and to a lesser degree, an increase in our research and development expenses. Our operating expenses as a percentage of revenues increased to 11.2% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 9.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004.

 

Our research and development expenses increased by 38.3% to RMB2.8 million (US$0.3 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB2.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The principal reason for this increase was our increased expenditure related to research and development of our ECLIA system. Our research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 1.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 1.8% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004.

 

Our sales and marketing expenses increased significantly to RMB5.0 million (US$0.6 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB2.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to increased traveling costs associated with product promotion activities. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased slightly to 2.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 2.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004.

 

 


 

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Our general and administrative expenses increased significantly to RMB16.6 million (US$2.0 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB5.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to a financial advisory fee in the amount of RMB6.2 million (US$0.8 million) incurred in connection with the reorganization of YDME Beijing in preparation for this offering, which will be settled after completion of this offering. The increase was also attributable to the increase in staff bonus and welfare fund and the increase in the depreciation expense arising from the purchase of a building in March 2004. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues increased to 7.6% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from 5.1% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004.

 

Net interest income and other income.    Our net interest income increased significantly to RMB0.2 million (US$22,000) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB14,000 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, which was due primarily to the repayment of a bank loan in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. We generated other income amounted to RMB1.6 million (US$0.2 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 because YDME Beijing, as a high and new technology company, received a non-refundable grant from the PRC government authority.

 

Income tax expense.    Income tax expense increased significantly to RMB11.9 million (US$1.4 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB4.9 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to our higher taxable income for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. Our effective tax rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 was 9.1%, compared to 7.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The increase was due primarily to the expiry of the income tax concession on December 31, 2004, which led to an increase in income tax rate to 15% on January 1, 2005 from 7.5% in 2004.

 

Net income.    Net income increased significantly to RMB118.4 million (US$14.3 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB61.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, as a result of the cumulative effect of the above factors.

 

Comparison of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2004 and March 31, 2003

 

Revenues, net.    Our revenues increased by 73.9% to RMB110.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB63.7 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This increase was due primarily to a significant increase in HIFU therapy system sales volume and a slight increase in the average selling price of our HIFU therapy system. Sales of our HIFU therapy system increased to 42 units for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 24 units for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. The increase in HIFU therapy system sales volume for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 was primarily caused by the increased awareness and acceptance of our HIFU therapy system in the medical community and among patients. Sales to our largest customer for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, Jia Xing Fang Zhou, amounted to RMB25.6 million, or 23.1% of our net revenue for that fiscal year while sales to our largest customer for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, Changzhou Zhong Heng Commerce Co., Ltd., or Zhong Heng Commerce, amounted to RMB25.6 million, or 40.2% of our net revenue for that fiscal year. Zhong Heng Commerce did not purchase additional products from us in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 because it purchased our HIFU therapy systems to operate profit-sharing programs, which we believe required time for it to recover its financial resources to purchase additional products from us. See “—Revenues.” Our other top customer for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003 continued to be one of our largest customers for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The increase in the average selling price of our HIFU therapy system was due primarily to an increase in the percentage of sales of our higher priced second-generation HIFU therapy system. Our revenue increase was also due in part to a 97.2% increase in our revenues from VAT refunds to RMB7.1 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB3.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003 as a result of the increase in the sales of self-developed software embedded in our HIFU therapy system.

 

 


 

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Cost of revenues and gross margin.    Our cost of revenues increased by 64.8% to RMB34.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB20.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This increase resulted primarily from a 79.8% increase in our expenditure on raw materials and components to RMB32.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB17.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. The increase in the purchases of raw materials and components was due primarily to a 75.0% increase in the number of HIFU therapy systems we sold for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004.

 

Our gross margin increased to 69.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 67.6% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. The increase was due primarily to the increase in economies of scale of our operations.

 

Operating expenses.    Our operating expenses decreased by 1.5% to RMB10.3 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB10.4 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This decrease was due primarily to decreases in our general and administrative expenses, partially offset by increased research and development and sales and marketing expenses. Our operating expenses as a percentage of revenues also decreased to 9.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 16.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

Our research and development expenses increased by 63.4% to RMB2.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB1.2 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. The principal reason for this increase was our increased expenditure related to the development and commercialization of the non-invasive temperature detecting technology for our third-generation HIFU therapy system. Our research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 1.8% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 2.0% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

Our sales and marketing expenses increased by 34.1% to RMB2.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB2.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This increase was due primarily to increased salary and benefit expenses for our sales and marketing staff as a result of increased headcount and increased traveling costs associated with product promotion activities. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 2.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 3.0% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

Our general and administrative expenses decreased by 22.3% to RMB5.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB7.2 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This decrease was mainly because, based on our estimated usage, our subsidiary YDME Beijing decreased the staff welfare fund appropriation rate from 10% to 5% of our after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. The staff welfare fund is treated as expenses as incurred under U.S. GAAP. Under PRC laws and regulations, our subsidiary YDME Beijing has the discretion to decide the percentage of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards to be allocated to the staff welfare fund, which is used to provide ancillary benefits for employees. We don’t believe that the change in the appropriation rate will have a material effect on our future operation. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 5.1% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from 11.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

Net interest (expense)/income.    We generated net interest income from bank deposits of RMB14,000 (US$1,692) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, compared to net interest expenses of RMB1.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This change was due primarily to the repayment of our RMB30.0 million short-term loan in May 2003.

 

 


 

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Income tax expense.    Income tax expense increased by 50.1% to RMB4.9 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB3.3 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This increase was due primarily to our higher taxable income for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. Our effective tax rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 was, 7.4%, compared to 10.7% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

Net income.    Net income increased significantly to RMB61.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB27.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, as a result of the cumulative effect of the above factors.

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

The following table sets forth a summary of our net cash flows for the periods indicated:

 

     Year ended March 31,

 
     2003     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB     RMB     RMB     US$(1)  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   20,217     67,594     144,771     17,492  

Net cash used in investing activities

   (58,454 )   (4,001 )   (127,667 )   (15,426 )

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   64,340     (66,850 )   (26,572 )   (3,210 )

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   26,103     (3,257 )   (9,468 )   (1,144 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   1,268     27,371     24,114     2,914  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   27,371     24,114     14,646     1,770  

(1)   Translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts have been made at the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2005, which was RMB8.2765 to US$1.00.

 

To date, we have financed our operations primarily through cash generated by our operating activities and the private placement of our ordinary shares in March 2003. Our principal use of cash for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 was for working capital requirements, payments in connection with our ECLIA acquisition and dividend payments to our shareholders. Our principal use of cash in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, was for working capital requirements, the repayments for the principal amount of a short-term bank loan and dividend payments to our shareholders. Our principal use of cash in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, was for working capital requirements and the purchase of a building that is currently used as our offices, manufacturing facilities and research and development center. Our external financing in the past consisted primarily of a short-term borrowing of RMB30.0 million we made in June 2000, and a private placement of our ordinary shares to GE and Golden Meditech in March 2003, the proceeds of which were used to pay off our short-term loan of RMB30.0 million in May 2003. As of March 31, 2005, we had RMB14.6 million (US$1.8 million) in cash and cash equivalents, respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of cash on hand and bank balances which are primarily held in RMB denominated accounts with banks in China.

 

Operating activities

 

Net cash provided by operating activities increased to RMB144.8 million (US$17.5 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, from RMB67.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This increase was due primarily to a significant increase in the amount of cash provided by sales of our HIFU therapy system and the commencement of sales of our ECLIA system since September 2004. The increase was partially offset by an increase in trade accounts receivable.

 

 


 

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Net cash provided by operating activities increased to RMB67.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB20.2 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. This increase was due primarily to a significant increase in the amount of cash provided by sales of our HIFU therapy system to RMB61.2 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 from RMB27.6 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. The increase was also attributable to a decrease in trade accounts receivable and an increase in trade accounts payable.

 

Our accrued liabilities and other payable increased to RMB64.9 million (US$7.8 million) as of March 31, 2005 from RMB5.6 million as of March 31, 2004 primarily as a result of RMB33.1 million (US$4.0 million) receipts in advance in connection with purchase orders for our HIFU therapy system from two of our distributors. The increase was also attributable to an increase in VAT payables as a result of our increased sales, as well as an increase in other payables, which represented the accrued expenses in connection with this offering. Our trade accounts receivable increased to RMB85.8 million (US$10.4 million) as of March 31, 2005 from RMB41.8 million as of March 31, 2004 as a result of our increased sales.

 

Investing activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities was RMB127.7 million (US$15.4 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, compared to net cash used in investing activities of RMB4.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. Net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 consisted primarily of our payment of RMB148.4 million (US$17.9 million) in connection with our ECLIA acquisition, partially offset by proceeds from an early withdrawal of time deposits. As a result of this acquisition, our net intangible assets amounted to RMB239.7 million (US$29.0 million) and amounts due to related parties amounted to RMB102.7 million (US$12.4 million) as of March 31, 2005.

 

Net cash used in investing activities decreased to RMB4.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, from RMB58.5 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, because we made a prepayment to Beijing Weixiao, our affiliated company, of RMB60.0 million in March 2003 for the purchase of an office building and manufacturing facilities, whereas we did not engage in significant investing activities in 2004. This prepayment also accounted for the increase in net cash used in investing activities from RMB22.8 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2002 to RMB58.5 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. See “Related party transactions—Transactions with Beijing Weixiao.”

 

Financing activities

 

Net cash used in financing activities decreased to RMB26.6 million (US$3.2 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 from RMB66.9 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. This decrease was due primarily to our repayments of RMB30.0 million short-term loans in May 2003.

 

Net cash used in financing activities was RMB66.9 million (US$8.1 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of RMB64.3 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. Net cash used in financing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004, consisted primarily of repayment for the principal amount of a short-term bank loan of RMB30.0 million in May 2003 and dividend payments of RMB36.7 million to our shareholders between January and March 2004. Net cash provided by financing activities for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003 was due primarily to the private placement of our ordinary shares to GE and Golden Meditech, in March 2003, the proceeds of which were used to pay off our short-term loan of RMB30.0 million in May 2003.

 

 


 

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We are a holding company, and we rely on dividends paid by our wholly-owned subsidiary, YDME Beijing, for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, service any debt we may incur and pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in the PRC currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. YDME Beijing is also required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to fund certain reserve funds. These reserves can be used to recoup previous years’ losses, if any, and may be converted into share capital by the issue of new shares to shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings, or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them but are not distributable as cash dividends. In addition, at the discretion of its board of directors, YDME Beijing may allocate a portion of its after-tax profits based on PRC accounting standards to its enterprise expansion funds and staff welfare and bonus funds. Staff welfare and bonus funds may not be distributed to equity owners. In addition, if YDME Beijing incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict YDME Beijing’s ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

 

The ability of our subsidiary YDME Beijing to convert Renminbi into U.S. dollars and make payments to us is subject to PRC foreign exchange regulations. Under these regulations, the Renminbi is convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions. Conversion of Renminbi for capital account items, such as direct investment, loan, security investment and repatriation of investment, however, is still subject to the approval of the SAFE.

 

Working capital is required principally to finance accounts receivable and inventory. Our working capital requirements vary from period to period depending on manufacturing volumes, the timing of deliveries, our payment cycles to our suppliers and the payment cycles of our customers.

 

As of March 31, 2005, we had a working capital deficit of RMB66.7 million (US$8.1 million). This deficit was due primarily to RMB100.0 million (US$12.1 million) payables for our ECLIA acquisition, which we are obligated to pay prior to September 30, 2005. We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from operations and the proceeds from this offering will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including our cash needs for working capital, research and development expenditures and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. We may, however, require additional cash resources due to changing business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. If our existing cash resources are insufficient to meet our requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity securities, debt securities or borrow from banks. We cannot assure you that financing will be available in the amounts we need or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. The sale of additional equity securities, including convertible debt securities, would result in additional dilution to our shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in debt service obligations and could result in operating and financial covenants that restrict our operations and our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. If we are unable to obtain additional equity or debt financing as required, our business, operations and prospects may suffer.

 

Capital expenditures

 

We made capital expenditures of RMB62.7 million, RMB0.5 million and RMB157.0 million (US$19.0 million) in the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively. We estimate that our capital expenditures for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2006 will be approximately RMB125.0 million (US$15.1 million), which includes RMB100.0 million (US$12.1 million) for the payment of the

 


 

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remaining purchase price of our ECLIA acquisition. Our past capital expenditures principally consisted of purchases of a building in February 2004, production equipment for our HIFU therapy system and office equipment. We expect our capital expenditures for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2006 to consist primarily of payment for the remaining purchase price of our ECLIA acquisition, as well as expenditures for the renovation of our production facility for our ECLIA system and the purchase of production equipment.

 

In February 2004, we entered into a purchase agreement with Beijing Weixiao for the purchase of a building that is currently used as our offices, manufacturing facilities and research and development center for RMB64.8 million (US$7.8 million), of which, the prepayment of RMB60.0 million (US$7.2 million) was made in March 2003 and the remaining RMB4.8 million (US$0.6 million) was paid in April 2004.

 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS

 

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2005:

 

     Payment due by period

Contractual obligations    Less than
1 year
   1-2
years
   2-5
years
   More than
5 years
   Total
     (RMB in thousands)

Operating lease obligations

   566    328          894

Purchase of ECLIA technology and related inventory(1)

   100,000             100,000
    
  
  
  
  

Total

   100,566    328          100,894
    
  
  
  
  

(1)   In connection with our ECLIA acquisition, we are obligated to pay the remaining RMB100.0 million (US$12.1 million) prior to September 30, 2005. We intend to fund the remaining purchase price with the net proceeds from this offering and cash provided by our operating activities.

 

Other than the contractual obligations set forth above, we do not have any contractual commitments.

 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

We do not, and did not, have any interest in variable interest entities or any other off-balance sheet arrangements that require disclosure.

 

INFLATION

 

Inflation in China has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change of Consumer Price Index in China was (0.8%), 1.2% and 3.9% in 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Interest rate risk

 

Our risk exposure from changes in interest rates relates primarily to the interest expenses associated with our historical bank borrowings as well as the interest income generated by excess cash invested in demand and time deposits. We have not historically used, and do not expect to use in the future, any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest risk exposure. Interest-earning instruments and borrowings carry a degree of interest rate risk. We have not been exposed nor do we anticipate being exposed to material risks due to changes in interest rates.

 


 

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Foreign exchange risk

 

Our revenues, costs and expenses are currently denominated entirely in Renminbi, but the Renminbi prices of some of the materials and supplies for reagent kits that are imported from companies in the United States, Finland and Sweden may be affected by fluctuations in the value of Renminbi against the currencies of those countries. We do not believe that we currently have any significant direct foreign currency exchange rate risk and have not hedged exposures denominated in foreign currencies or any other derivative financial instruments. Although our revenues and cost of revenues are denominated in Renminbi, future fluctuations in the value of the Renminbi may affect the price competitiveness of our products once we commence international sales of our HIFU therapy system. Furthermore, a decline in the value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar could reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts of our financial results, the value of your investment in our company and the dividends we may pay in the future, if any, all of which may have a material adverse effect on the prices of our ADSs.

 

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 151, “Inventory Costs—an amendment of ARB No. 43,” or SFAS 151. SFAS 151 requires amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and wasted material (spoilage) be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, it requires that the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS 151 will materially affect our financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, and amendment of APB Opinion No. 29,” or SFAS 153. The guidance in APB 29 “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions,” is based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS 153 amends APB 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as result of the exchange. SFAS 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. We currently do not contemplate entering into any transactions within the scope of SFAS 153. We do not believe that the adoption of this Statement will materially affect our financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which requires companies to measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value. SFAS 123R replaces SFAS 123 and supersedes APB 25. SFAS 123R is effective for all interim and annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Under a new SEC rule, a company may elect to adopt the provisions of SFAS 123R at the beginning of their first annual period beginning after June 15, 2005. Consequently, we have elected to defer the adoption of SFAS 123R until April 1, 2006. We expect to recognize amortization of share-based compensation expenses of RMB698,000 (US$84,000) and nil in the fiscal years ending March 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, upon the adoption of SFAS 123R. The estimated impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R as of April 1, 2006 is based on current assumptions regarding stock options currently issued and outstanding. Subsequent issuances of share based payment will result in additional expenses in future periods.

 


 

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The medical equipment and supplies industry in China

 

OVERVIEW

 

With approximately one fifth of the world’s population and a fast-growing gross domestic product, China’s market presents significant potential for the medical equipment and supplies industry. According to Frost & Sullivan, the China market for medical devices and equipment is expected to grow from US$5.9 billion in 2002 to US$10.1 billion in 2006, at a CAGR of approximately 14%. The SARS crisis of 2003 heightened the government’s awareness of the need to improve the country’s healthcare infrastructure, and healthcare has become a top priority for the PRC government.

 

China’s medical equipment and supplies market is growing with continued investment from overseas along with increasing domestic production. According to Medistat, World Market Analysis 2004, published by Espicom Business Intelligence, an independent market research firm, there were approximately 2,900 medical device manufacturers in China at the end of 2003. However, most domestic manufacturers are state-owned, small- and medium-size companies producing basic medical supplies, such as bandages, patient aids and medical or surgical instruments. Domestically-owned medical technology companies and manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment are typically small in scale and their technologies are generally based on university research. As a result, imported medical equipment and supplies accounted for 85% to 90% of the China medical equipment and supplies market in 2002 (latest available data). The development of a domestic high technology medical equipment market is a priority for the PRC government. As a result, more advanced medical products are expected to be produced in China in the next few years.

 

China’s medical equipment and supplies industry is affected by the development of healthcare institutions, the marketing and distribution system, healthcare insurance and the market for diagnostics equipment and treatment equipment for various illnesses.

 

HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN CHINA

 

Substantially all of the hospitals in China are owned and operated by government bodies, and these government-owned hospitals enjoy an increasingly high degree of operating autonomy. Instead of receiving the bulk of their funding from government sources, they are generally expected to generate enough revenues to cover 70% to 90% of their operating expenses. Although the local healthcare administrative department sets staff salaries and determines patient charges for hospital services, including treatment prices for most services, its decisions are usually based on the recommendations of hospital administrators in the region. In addition, hospital administrators have the authority to make decisions on equipment purchases and staff bonus payments.

 

This increased operational autonomy has been one of the causes of a widening gap in healthcare quality between urban and rural regions of China. Hospitals at or above county level, which usually have 100 or more beds and are reasonably adequately staffed and well-equipped, tend to get more and better equipment since they have the resources and expertise needed to attract higher revenues from patients. Hospitals that are below county level tend to be small, relatively poorly staffed and under-funded. According to the Ministry of Health of China, in 2003, there were approximately 18,000 hospitals and 45,000 healthcare centers in China. The hospitals, which on average had approximately 128 beds each in 2003, and could be further divided into approximately 1,000 large-size hospitals, approximately 5,000 medium-size hospitals and approximately 12,000 small-size hospitals.

 


 

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SEGMENTATION OF THE MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN CHINA

 

The market for medical equipment and supplies in China is segmented into geographical regions. Hospitals with greater spending power tend to be located in large towns and cities in eastern China, where rapid economic growth has taken place during the last two decades and where the population tends to have higher income. Medical equipment and supplies distribution is a very specialized and localized sector in China. Distributors of medical equipment and supplies operate in China within various relatively small and geographically dispersed markets, each based in a wealthy eastern city to cover the surrounding areas, with few distributors willing or able to cover the entire country. Most distributors focus on China’s eastern cities, where the bulk of purchasing power is concentrated, while western China has very limited coverage by distributors. The fact that different areas of China have their own medical and insurance practices, purchasing policies and regulatory issues further increases the complexity of medical distribution in China.

 

In China, hospitals purchase almost all of their medical equipment and supplies through distributors. As distributors tend to organize their networks around provincial lines, a manufacturer of medical equipment and supplies typically appoints multiple distributors to cover different regions in China. In recent years, competition among distributors has intensified due to an increase in the number of distributors resulting from the introduction of PRC Government policies designed to promote efficiency.

 

HEALTHCARE INSURANCE IN CHINA

 

Three types of public healthcare insurance schemes are available in urban China. The first type, known as the Government Insurance System, provides free healthcare and medical benefits to approximately 34 million public sector employees. The second type, known as the labor safety healthcare scheme, provides compulsory coverage for approximately 148 million employees of state-owned enterprises and some collectively owned enterprises with coverage including a 50% contribution towards medical expenses incurred by dependent relatives of the employee, according to Medistat. As China’s economy has grown, more private sector companies have emerged whose workers are covered by the third type, the compulsory healthcare insurance scheme. Under this scheme, a worker normally pays 2% of his or her wages into an insurance fund, while the employer contributes an additional 6% of the worker’s wages into the fund. The employee’s payment is placed into a personal medical account and is used exclusively by the worker for the treatment of minor illnesses. The employer’s payment goes into a social medical fund and is used to cover major medical expenses. Retired workers are eligible to participate in the scheme at a lower contribution rate.

 

China’s private healthcare insurance market remains small despite recent high growth rates. Healthcare insurance remains a risky and generally difficult business because, unlike private healthcare insurance programs in some Western countries, healthcare insurance companies in China have limited control over the medical expenses incurred by the insured, do not control treatment decisions and have limited interaction with doctors and hospitals. The China Insurance Regulatory Commission and other policymakers have made private healthcare insurance development a high priority and are attempting to overcome barriers to market development.

 

THE CANCER TREATMENT MARKET IN CHINA

 

Cancer is the leading cause of death in both developing and developed countries in the world. According to an April 2003 World Cancer Report published by the World Health Organization, or WHO, the incidence of cancer could further increase by 50% from 10 million new cases worldwide in 2000 to 15 million new cases worldwide in 2020. WHO estimates that cancer is the cause of approximately six million worldwide deaths every year.

 


 

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According to a report published by the Ministry of Health of China in November 2004, there were approximately 1.8 million to two million new incidences of cancer in 2000 in China, and cancer was also the leading cause of death in China in both 2002 and 2003.

 

Cancer can be categorized into two broad groups: solid tumor cancers, such as liver, lung, breast, prostate and kidney cancers, and hematological or blood-borne cancers, such as lymphomas and leukemia. The majority of cancer types are solid tumor cancers.

 

The pursuit of a cure for cancer remains one of the greatest quests of modern medicine, and cancer continues to impose a heavy financial burden on society. For example, the U.S. National Institute of Health estimated that overall cancer treatment costs in the United States US$189.5 billion in 2003. Currently, active fields of research on new cancer treatments include HIFU, radio frequency ablation, microwave thermo-coagulation and cryosurgery. HIFU therapy for tumors is a relatively new treatment, and we believe that several companies in China and around the world are currently active in developing HIFU tumor therapy devices for clinical applications. See “Business—Competition.”

 

THE IN-VITRO DIAGNOSTICS MARKET IN CHINA

 

In-vitro diagnostics involve testing blood, urine, saliva or other body fluids to diagnose and analyze various diseases and disorders. IVD, as an integral part of overall patient care, is increasingly seen as an effective method of reducing healthcare costs by reducing the length of hospital stays through the accurate and early detection of health disorders and the enhanced monitoring of patient treatment.

 

The IVD market generally includes commercial manufacturing and sales of IVD instrument and reagent kits to hospitals, reference laboratories and physicians’ offices. According to BBI Newsletter, the worldwide IVD market was estimated at US$23 billion in 2003, and is expected to grow at about 5% to 7% per year from 2003 to 2009. According to Frost & Sullivan, the IVD market size in China was estimated to be US$350 million in 2003 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 25%. The IVD market growth in China is expected to exceed the global growth rate because of the increasing availability of private healthcare insurance, as well as the increased government awareness on the need to improve the quality of care.

 

In connection with our acquisition of ECLIA technology, we engaged Synovate Healthcare, a healthcare market research firm, to perform a proprietary survey of large- and medium-size hospitals in China to better understand the IVD market in China. Based on this research, we believe that the majority of hospitals in China still use radioimmunoassay IVD systems and enzymatic immunoassay IVD systems, which are less advanced IVD systems compared to the luminescence immunoassay IVD systems widely used in the United States and Western Europe. Compared to radioimmunoassay diagnostics, luminescence immunoassay diagnostics involve no radioactive contamination risk and the reagent kits have a longer shelf life. Compared to enzymatic immunoassay diagnostics, which are only capable of providing qualitative test results on whether certain diseases or disorders exist, luminescence immunoassay diagnostics can provide quantitative test results on the seriousness of the disease or disorder, and are faster, more sensitive and accurate. While the use of luminescence immunoassay IVD systems is growing, the current supply of luminescence immunoassay IVD systems in China is dominated by overseas-based companies such as Abbott Diagnostics, Bayer AG, Beckman Coulter, DPC, EG&G Wallac, Johnson & Johnson and Roche Group, all of which primarily offer automatic systems mainly targeted at large hospitals in China. These companies often offer their automatic IVD instruments free of charge or sell them at a steep discount below their listed price to large hospitals with high patient

 


 

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volumes, and rely on sales of a minimum amount of reagent kits to generate income for their IVD systems. Small- and medium-size hospitals in China continue to use radioimmunoassay or enzymatic immunoassay systems as their patient volumes do not justify the purchase of more expensive automatic IVD instrument and reagent kits. Most IVD systems are closed systems that prevent the use of reagent kits manufactured by other companies.

 


 

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Business

 

OVERVIEW

 

We are a China-based medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets products using HIFU for the treatment of solid cancers and benign tumors in China. We believe that we are a leader in the design and development of HIFU tumor therapy devices in China. Our HIFU therapy system is SFDA-approved and has been used to treat over 20,000 patient cases. In addition, we believe that we are the first China-based company to offer an integrated luminescence immunoassay IVD system using ECLIA technology to detect and monitor various diseases and disorders through laboratory evaluation and analysis of blood, urine or other body fluids.

 

Our primary product, the HIFU therapy system, is an ultrasound-guided ablation system that is used for the non-invasive treatment of solid tumors. Our system is designed to destroy tumors by using HIFU waves to instantly raise the temperature of the targeted tumor tissue to between 60° C and 70° C (140° F and 158° F). Our proprietary designs enable our system to treat a wide range of tumors, many of which cannot be treated with other HIFU tumor therapy devices currently available in the market. Our HIFU therapy system is SFDA-approved to treat liver, breast and kidney tumors, solid tumors in the pelvic cavity or on bone and tumors in the four limbs or superficial tissues. Treatments using our system are performed without anesthesia and do not cause significant discomfort, skin-burn or hemorrhage. We acquired our HIFU technology in November 1999 and have sold over 150 units of our HIFU therapy system to date.

 

Our second product, the ECLIA system, is a luminescence immunoassay IVD system based on the ECLIA technology that we acquired in August 2004. Luminescence immunoassay IVD systems are advanced types of IVD systems commonly used in the United States and Western Europe, but are relatively new in China. We began marketing and selling our ECLIA system in September 2004 and have sold 480 units of our ECLIA analyzer as of March 31, 2005. We currently offer 27 types of reagent kits, for use with our ECLIA analyzer, to detect various thyroid disorders, diabetes, disorders related to reproduction and growth and various types of tumors. In addition, we are one of the first companies to obtain SFDA approval in China for a reagent kit for the early detection of SARS.

 

Historically, we have benefited from a strong relationship with PUPH, a leading medical research institution and hospital in China affiliated with Peking University. PUPH was the initial developer of our HIFU and ECLIA technologies. We believe that our acquisition of the HIFU and ECLIA technologies and the development and marketing of products using such technologies demonstrate our ability to successfully identify and commercialize medical technologies with significant market potential.

 

We sell our HIFU therapy systems primarily to distributors with a small percentage of additional sales made directly to hospitals. We sell our ECLIA systems solely to distributors. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, we generated revenues of RMB217.5 million (US$26.3 million) and net income of RMB118.4 million (US$14.3 million).

 


 

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OUR COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS

 

We believe that our principal competitive strengths include the following:

 

HIFU technology leader for tumor treatment

 

We believe that we are a leader in the design and development of HIFU tumor therapy devices in China. Our patented HIFU therapy system is SFDA-approved and has been used to treat more tumor patients in China than other available HIFU tumor therapy devices. To date, we have sold over 150 units of our HIFU therapy system. Treatments using our system are performed without anesthesia and do not cause significant discomfort, skin-burn or hemorrhage. In addition, we have recently developed a non-invasive ultrasound technology for measuring the temperature of the tumor tissues being treated. We plan to incorporate this technology in our third-generation HIFU therapy system, which is expected to be available by the end of 2005, and to sell a non-invasive ultrasound detecting device separately as a product upgrade for existing users of our HIFU therapy system. We believe that we are the first company to develop this technology and that it will significantly increase sales of our HIFU therapy system in the future.

 

Innovative ECLIA system for in-vitro diagnostics

 

We believe that we are the first China-based company to offer an integrated luminescence immunoassay IVD system that does not require devices or reagents provided by outside sources. Our ECLIA system is a simple-to-use IVD platform and is sensitive, accurate and safe. Our ECLIA analyzer incorporates proprietary technologies that give our system several advantages over radioimmunoassay and enzymatic immunoassay IVD systems, the two most widely used IVD systems in China. Compared with the imported automatic luminescence immunoassay systems available in China, our ECLIA system, including our reagent kits, are priced significantly lower, but can achieve test results with comparable accuracy. We believe we have a significant market opportunity to market our ECLIA system to small- and medium-size hospitals in China. Many of these hospitals currently use less advanced IVD systems because they lack sufficient financial means to purchase the more expensive automatic and imported luminescence immunoassay systems or do not have sufficient patient volume. We believe that we can introduce a fully automatic system for large hospitals at a lower price than our overseas-based competitors can achieve.

 

Strong research and development capability

 

We have strong research and development capabilities, and we will continue to focus our development efforts on new applications for or enhancements to our HIFU and ECLIA technologies. Many of the key research and development personnel who developed the HIFU and ECLIA technologies at the PUPH are currently employed by us. We believe that we have a strong patent portfolio compared to other medical technology companies based in China. In China, we currently have 13 patents for our HIFU therapy system. We have also applied for two additional patents for our HIFU therapy system and six additional patents for our ECLIA system in China and four HIFU technology patents in certain countries outside of China. We have developed multiple generations of our HIFU therapy system. The two transducer design of our second-generation HIFU therapy system enables the patient to be treated in the supine, side or seated positions so that more locations in the body can be targeted. In addition, our third-generation HIFU therapy system will be equipped with our recently developed non-invasive ultrasound temperature detecting technology. We have established relationships with a number of major hospitals and universities in China as many of these hospitals and universities use our HIFU therapy system to treat patients and to conduct research. We believe that these relationships raise our profile, enhance awareness of our products in the medical community and among patients and provide us with valuable clinical data to improve our products and keep us abreast of industry trends and developments.

 


 

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Low manufacturing and operating costs

 

We have significant cost advantages that allow us to price our products competitively and to maintain favorable margins.

 

Ø   We believe that our location in China allows us to maintain our cost of operations at a competitive level that could potentially deter other overseas-based competitors from entering the China market. This is due primarily to the lower wages and costs of components and raw materials in China relative to other locations.

 

Ø   Our sales and distribution costs are low because we market and sell our products mainly to distributors.

 

Ø   Our research and development effort mainly focuses on developing new applications and improving the product designs of our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system, which generally requires lower research and development expense than the development of new technologies and products.

 

BUSINESS STRATEGY

 

Our goal is to become a leading medical technology company in China. To achieve this goal, we intend to continue to grow our business through the implementation of the following strategies:

 

Increase market penetration of our HIFU therapy system in China

 

We believe that there is a significant market opportunity for our HIFU therapy system. We have sold over 150 units of our HIFU therapy system to date. We believe this represents only a limited penetration of the potential market in China. We plan to increase the market penetration of our HIFU therapy system through the following efforts:

 

Ø   increasing the number of distributors and more effectively managing our distribution channels;

 

Ø   increasing market awareness of our products by participating in trade shows and collaborating with major hospitals and universities through joint research and development efforts; and

 

Ø   maintaining strong customer service and technical support by building service centers in major cities in China to provide customer services such as training, marketing, repairs and technical support to hospitals.

 

Grow our ECLIA system sales by continuing to target small- and medium-size hospitals in China

 

The target market for our semi-automatic ECLIA system consists of approximately 17,000 small- and medium-size hospitals. A majority of these hospitals currently use radioimmunoassay and enzymatic immunoassay systems, which are less advanced than our ECLIA system. The most commonly used IVD systems in the United States and Western Europe are luminescence immunoassay IVD systems, which are generally more sensitive, more accurate and safer to use. We believe that small- and medium-size hospitals in China do not have sufficient financial means or do not generally have enough patient volume to justify the purchase of foreign imported automatic luminescence immunoassay diagnostics equipment and reagent kits currently available in China. We believe that there is significant market potential for our competitively priced ECLIA system among small- and medium-size hospitals in China.

 


 

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Maintain our technological advantage through focused research and development

 

We plan to maintain the technological advantages of our products through focused research and development. We believe that we are the first company to develop a non-invasive technology to measure inner body temperatures with ultrasound, and that this technology will significantly improve the attractiveness of our HIFU therapy system. Our HIFU technology research and development focuses on increasing the types of tumors it can treat and increasing patients’ comfort level during treatment. We are also working with the University of Washington in the United States in planning a cooperative research project on animal testing and pre-clinical studies using our HIFU therapy system. Our ECLIA technology research and development focuses on developing additional reagent kits for commonly used applications in China. For example, we are developing reagents to monitor treatments using digoxin, a widely used drug for the treatment of heart failure, and to test for contagious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. We are also developing a fully automatic system for large hospitals and a smaller automatic system for private clinics, smaller hospitals and specialized departments in large hospitals. We are also working to improve the response time and efficiency of our ECLIA system.

 

Selectively acquire complementary products or technologies

 

We have a history of successfully identifying medical technologies with significant market potential and bringing them to the market. We will continue to seek suitable opportunities to acquire new products or technologies, particularly those that could assist us in advancing our current products, technologies and market penetration or expanding our product offerings or technologies. We believe that our relationships with many industry participants and our knowledge of, and experience in, the medical equipment and supplies industry in China allow us to understand industry trends, technological developments and practical applications of medical technologies, which will assist us in making sound acquisition decisions.

 

OUR HIFU SOLUTION

 

Treatment methods for cancer

 

The conventional treatment methods for cancer in China and elsewhere are generally surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. High intensity focused ultrasound, radio frequency ablation, microwave thermo-coagulation and cryosurgery are some of the major new cancer treatment methods developed and commercialized in recent years. Biotherapy and gene therapy are currently still in experimental stages and are not currently available to patients generally. The selection of a particular treatment method for a patient depends on various factors, including the tumor’s receptivity to the treatment method, the location of the tumor, the stage of the tumor and the patient’s state of health. Cancer patients are usually treated by a combination of various treatment methods.

 

Surgery.    Surgery is the most commonly used treatment method for most types of cancers and other tumors. Patients who undergo surgery face risks associated with anesthesia and complications, such as hemorrhages, infections or weakening of organ functions. In addition, the recurrence of cancer tumors is common and repeat surgery can involve high risks and significant complications.

 

Radiotherapy.    Radiotherapy uses radiation or radioactive implants to destroy or inhibit the growth of tumor tissues. Radiotherapy is often used together as a complementary treatment method to surgery. Although radiotherapy is used to treat a wide range of cancer types, different types of tumor tissues have different sensitivities to radiation and different patients have different levels of tolerance to radiation. Serious side effects, including skin ulceration or hemorrhage can result from excessive doses of radiation.

 

Chemotherapy.    Chemotherapy uses drugs to destroy or inhibit the growth of tumor tissues and is commonly used as a supplemental treatment method together with surgery. Chemotherapy is relatively

 


 

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more effective than other cancer treatment methods for lymph tumors or metastasis tumors. However, chemotherapy destroys not only tumor tissues but also normal healthy tissues, resulting in serious side effects for the patient, including loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, hair loss, as well as damage to the liver, bone marrow and immune functions.

 

Radio frequency ablation, microwave thermo-coagulation and cryosurgery.    These are relatively new treatment methods that are minimally invasive. Under these treatment methods, a needle, laser or cryogenic device, guided by imagery, is inserted into the tumors to generate radio frequency or microwave energy. Radio frequency ablation and microwave thermo-coagulation generate high temperatures to destroy the targeted tumor tissues. Cryosurgery freezes and destroys the targeted tumor tissues. The clinical applications of these treatment methods are currently limited to certain types of tumors, and their long term effectiveness is still being evaluated.

 

Therapeutic principles of HIFU

 

Heat therapy, also known as hyperthermia or thermotherapy, is a well-established method of medical treatment. It is generally accepted by the scientific community that the irreversible destruction of tissues, medically known as coagulation necrosis, occurs when tissues are exposed to temperatures above a certain level for a certain period of time. The maximum temperature under which tumor tissues can survive is 43º C (109.4º F), while normal tissues can tolerate a temperature of up to 45º C (113º F). The higher the temperature, the shorter the time needed to destroy tumor tissues. When the temperature reaches 60º C (140º F ) or higher, coagulation necrosis will occur within one second.

 

In focused ultrasound ablation, a transducer directs ultrasound waves to converge on a small area of tissue inside the body, resulting in very high ultrasound intensity at this point. The effect of this process is similar to that of using a magnifying glass to focus the sun’s energy into a single spot. The ultrasound energy causes the temperature of the tumor tissues at the focal point to increase within a very short period of time to a level high enough to destroy the targeted tumor tissues. An important feature of this technology is that only a limited temperature increase occurs in the body tissue surrounding the focal point.

 

HIFU therapy can be used in conjunction with other treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or as a stand-alone treatment. HIFU treatment increases the sensitivity and receptivity of body tissues to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. When used in combination with either of these treatment methods, HIFU treatment often enhances their effectiveness and reduces the required chemical or radiation dosage. As a result, patients generally experience less side effects associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

 

Our HIFU therapy system is SFDA-approved and has been used for the treatment of a wide range of tumors in China since November 1999. In addition, other companies have also developed HIFU technologies, and a few HIFU medical devices have been approved for the treatment of limited types of tumors, mostly prostate cancer and uterine fibroids, in the European Union, Canada, Russia, South Korea, Japan and the United States, and a larger number of HIFU tumor therapy devices have been approved for clinical studies and trials in these regions and elsewhere. See “—Competition.”

 

Benefits and Limitations of our HIFU solution

 

Our HIFU therapy system can be used as a supplemental or stand-alone treatment method with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the treatment of many types of solid tumors. We believe that the benefits of our HIFU solution include:

 


 

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Non-invasive procedure.    Our HIFU therapy system offers patients a non-invasive treatment alternative. Treatments performed with our HIFU therapy system do not require incisions and transfusions and as a result, minimize the risk and complications associated with invasive procedures. In addition, it is often difficult for patients who receive traditional treatments to later undergo the same treatment in the event of a relapse due to the invasive nature of surgery and the significant side effects associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients can undergo repeated treatments for cancer using our system with minimal side effects.

 

Minimal side effects.    Treatments performed with our HIFU therapy system have minimal side effects and a relatively low level of complications. Compared to other HIFU tumor therapy systems that are commercially available in China, our HIFU therapy system produces less intense ultrasound waves at the point of skin penetration, which significantly reduces the likelihood of skin burns and collateral damage to healthy body tissue.

 

High degree of safety.    Treatments using our HIFU therapy system can be performed without anesthesia and do not cause significant discomfort, skin-burn or hemorrhage. However, improper operation and use of our HIFU therapy system could cause skin burn.

 

Treatment for broad ranges of tumors.    Our patented two-transducer system enables our HIFU therapy system to target tumors in more body locations than the other HIFU tumor therapy systems currently commercially available in China. Our HIFU therapy system is approved by the SFDA to treat liver, breast and kidney tumors, solid tumors in the pelvic cavity or on bone and tumors in the four limbs or superficial tissues. Based on published clinical studies conducted by researchers and practitioners of hospitals in China, we believe that hospitals have used our HIFU therapy system to treat many types of tumors, including the following:

 

Ø liver tumors

 

Ø kidney tumors

 

Ø breast tumors

 

Ø solid tumors in the pelvic cavity including:

 

Ø bladder tumors

 

Ø uterine tumors

 

Ø uterine fibroids

 

Ø prostate tumors

 

Ø prostate hypertrophy

 

Ø rectal tumors

 

Ø tumors in the four limbs or superficial tissues

 

Ø solid tumors on bone

 

Ø pancreatic tumors

 

Ø metastasis tumors of the abdominal lymph node

 

Ø rear abdominal tumors

 

Cost-effective for hospitals.    We believe our HIFU therapy system is a more cost-effective option for hospitals for the types of tumors it can treat compared to other currently commercially available cancer treatment methods in China. Chemotherapy requires expensive drugs while surgery requires the use of anesthesia and other medical supplies. Radiotherapy requires the use of significantly more expensive equipment than our HIFU therapy system. In addition, we believe our HIFU system can treat a broader range of tumors than other HIFU tumor therapy systems available in China.

 

The clinical use of our HIFU therapy system has been limited mostly to cancer at advanced stages as it is a new cancer treatment method with a relatively lower level of penetration in the market. In addition, HIFU therapy is suitable for the treatment of a single tumor of an identifiable size or a group of tumors that are located in very close proximity. It is not suited for the treatment of a single tumor that is too small or tumors that are widespread. It is also not suitable to treat blood-borne cancers. Furthermore, as

 


 

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ultrasound cannot be transmitted in a straight line through solid bone or air, HIFU therapy is not suited for the treatment of tumors located in the head, neck, lung and tumors behind bones.

 

Clinical studies of our HIFU therapy system

 

To our knowledge, clinical studies that have used our HIFU therapy system have been reported in 15 published international and Chinese national level reports and peer-review journals. Some studies using our HIFU therapy system have been reported in multiple publications or presentations. These studies have reported approximately 1,520 cases for the treatment of rectal tumors, bladder tumors, colon tumors, gastric tumors, ampullary tumors, liver tumors, pancreatic tumors, metastasis tumors of the abdominal lymph nodes, prostate tumors, adrenal tumors, kidney tumors, smooth muscle tumors, endometrial tumors, ovarian carcinoma, rear abdominal tumors, lymphoma tumors, cervical tumors, breast tumors, hepatocellular tumors, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, neurofibroma, osteolytic sarcoma and skin squamous tissue cancers.

 

These clinical studies have been conducted by both physicians affiliated with us as consultants and other physicians in hospitals and universities in China, such as PUPH, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Beijing University Medical School, the Second-Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-Sen University, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Taian Central Hospitals, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, the Central Railway Hospital of Liuzhou, and the First Hospital of Jiangxi Medical University.

 

The HIFU therapy system

 

We currently offer our second-generation two-transducer HIFU therapy system. We expect to commence sales of our third-generation product, a two-transducer HIFU therapy system equipped with our newly-developed non-invasive ultrasound temperature detecting technology by the end of 2005.

 

Our HIFU therapy system consists of the following main components:

 

Integrated transducers.    The integrated transducer consists of HIFU transmitting sources and drive circuits and can move in six directions with millimeter precision. Our HIFU transmitting sources are patented and the patent for the HIFU transmitting sources is valid until March 2019. The HIFU transmitting sources generate high-frequency ultrasound waves, which converge from a wide angle to focus on a designated focal point inside the body. We have obtained a patent for the wide convergence angle design in China and the patent for this design is valid until November 2021. Our second-generation HIFU therapy system is equipped with two transducers, which enable the patient to be treated in the supine, side or seated positions so that more locations in the body can be targeted and more tumors can be treated. This patented two-transducer design also increases the patient’s comfort level during treatment and the patent for this design is valid until November 2021.

 

Ultrasound imaging system.    The ultrasound imaging system is an ultrasonic system that creates a computer image of the tumor that guides the physician in monitoring and targeting the ultrasound waves. The probe that captures the image of the tumor can monitor the patient from many angles and can be controlled automatically by a computer or manually by the physician. We purchase our ultrasound imaging system from GE.

 

Patient treatment table and seat.    The table and seat frames are adjustable and can be rotated to facilitate treatment of tumors located in different parts of the body. The middle section of the patient treatment table can be removed to install a treatment seat so that the patient can sit while undergoing treatment for tumors in the pelvic cavity. The patient’s position depends on the location of the tumor. We have obtained a patent for the design of the table and seat frames in China and this patent is valid until November 2021. We have also applied for patents in other countries for the treatment seat design.

 


 

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Control station.    The control station consists of our proprietary software program, which controls the targeting and duration of the treatment, a computer, a monitor and peripheral equipment. The control station allows the operator to select automatic or manual treatment, as well as the duration of each ultrasound emission and other treatment parameters. If the operator inputs an unsafe ultrasound shot duration or treatment parameter, a built-in safety mechanism causes the HIFU therapy system to cease its operation immediately.

 

Conduct structure.    Ultrasound energy does not transmit in a straight line through air. To introduce linear ultrasound waves into a patient’s body from the upper transducer, our HIFU therapy system contains a conduct structure, which consists of a semi-sphere container filled with degassed water. We have also developed a proprietary vacuum degassing device that converts large volumes of tap water into degassed water. We have obtained a patent for this device in China and this patent is valid until March 2009. We have also applied for patents for this semi-sphere container and the degassing device in other countries.

 

The treatment procedure

 

A physician and an ultrasound technician first locate the tumor tissues and define the area to be treated by using the ultrasound imaging system. The computer uses the physician’s input to plan the best way to target and ablate the tumor. Each individual high-energy focused ultrasonic shot ablates an oval-shaped targeted zone measuring up to ten millimeters in height by five millimeters in diameter. During the treatment, the transducer and the ultrasound imaging system automatically moves and ablates the targeted zone until the entire defined area has been treated. The shooting times can be selected between 0.1 and one second. The intervals between shots can also be selected from 0.1 to two seconds, depending on the depth of the tumor. Intervals between shots reduce the ultrasound volume passing through the skin over a period of time to avoid skin-burn. The individual targeted zone produces almost instantaneous coagulative necrosis of tissues due to an increase in temperature to between 60º C and 70º C (140º F and 158º F).

 

The treatment duration and the number of treatment sessions vary according to the size of the tumor. For example, for a single four centimeter tumor, four to five sessions are usually performed on different days, with each treatment session lasting approximately half an hour.

 

OUR ECLIA SYSTEM

 

In-vitro diagnostics

 

IVD refers to laboratory tests that are performed on samples of blood, urine, saliva or other body fluids for the diagnosis and analysis of various diseases and disorders. Luminescence immunoassay IVD systems, including enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay IVD systems such as our ECLIA system, are advanced IVD systems that are commonly used in the United States and Western Europe, but are relatively new in China. Luminescence immunoassay IVD systems are generally more sensitive, more accurate and safer to use. Compared to radioimmunoassay diagnostics, luminescence immunoassay diagnostics involve no radioactive contamination risk and the reagent kits have a longer shelf life.

 

The ECLIA system

 

Our ECLIA system consists of an ECLIA analyzer, reagent kits and a data analysis system.

 

The ECLIA analyzer is a sensitive, accurate, low cost and simple-to-use IVD device capable of detecting minute levels of light triggered by combining reagents with body fluid samples to produce diagnostic results. The key component of our ECLIA analyzer is the photon counter. We have developed several technologies that make our photon counter more sensitive and accurate. Reagents are chemically active

 


 

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substances that are formulated to create different reactions with blood or other body fluid samples depending on the extent to which a disease or condition is present or absent. The data analysis system uses our proprietary integrated circuit card, or IC Card, input technology to analyze and organize the information produced. The IC Card contains encryption codes that prevent users from conducting tests with reagents produced by other manufacturers.

 

To use our ECLIA system, our reagents are mixed with a sample of body fluid from the patient in a microplate provided in our reagent kit. The mixture reacts and emits light which is measured by the ECLIA analyzer. The light signal is analyzed by the data analysis system. The result is compared with the reference ranges for the relevant disease in order to reach a diagnosis.

 

Our reagent kits

 

We currently offer 27 types of reagent kits for detecting and monitoring various types of diseases and disorders, including thyroid disorders, diabetes, disorders related to reproduction and growth, SARS and various types of tumors. We are continuing to develop reagents for other applications, including therapeutic drug monitoring and detection of other diseases.

 

The following table sets out the major clinical applications of our reagent kits:

 

Types of test   Numbers of
reagent kits
  Description

Thyroid disorders

  5   The five assays comprise the basic tests hospitals perform to evaluate the functions of a patient’s thyroid gland. We believe that for many hospitals, thyroid testing is a mainstay of their routine endocrine tests.

Reproduction-related disorders

  6   Five of our assays comprise the main tests performed by hospitals for evaluating the functions of the female reproductive organs, including the diagnosis of hormonal imbalance of postmenopausal women. One of our assays is a test to evaluate the male reproductive function.

Diabetes

  3   Diabetes is also a common endocrine disorder in China. One of our assays tests for insulin level, an common indication of diabetes. Our other two assays test for and monitor diabetes where insulin level may not be a reliable indicator.

Tumors

  11  

Our assays for “tumor markers” can detect the following types of tumors:

 

Ø prostate

Ø lung

Ø breast

Ø liver

Ø stomach

Ø intestine

Ø colon

Ø pancreas

Ø kidney

 


 

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Types of test   Numbers of
reagent kits
  Description

Growth

  1   Our assay is a test for the early diagnosis, identification and prognosis evaluation of problems relating to growth and development.

SARS

  1   SARS, is an atypical pneumonia of unknown aetiology, and was recognized in February 2003 in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and certain other regions in the world.

 

MARKETING, SALES AND DISTRIBUTION

 

We market and sell our HIFU therapy systems primarily through distributors and recognize revenues at the time our products are accepted by either our distributors or the hospitals designated by these distributors, which typically occurs within one to two weeks of shipment. We sign binding purchase agreements with our distributors and our hospital customers each time we make a sale of our products. Under these purchase agreements, our distributors or hospital customers agree to pay a non-refundable, non-adjustable fixed amount of money for our products over a period of time, and take ownership of our products when they are accepted by either our distributors or the hospitals designated by these distributors depending on the terms of each contract. The acceptance typically occurs within one or two weeks of shipment, during the period when we help hospitals to install our products. Once the products are accepted, the one year warranty period commences and our customers are not entitled to return them. For sales of our HIFU therapy system, we require an initial payment of 30% to 40% of the sale price when customers place purchase orders or after the shipment is accepted by either our distributors or the hospitals designated by these distributors. The balance is payable within one year of acceptance. For sales of our ECLIA analyzer, we require a payment of 20% to 40% of the sale price before delivery or after acceptance and the balance within one year of acceptance. For sales of reagent kits, we do not require down payments, and collect payments three months after acceptance. We conduct credit assessments of each of our distributors or hospital customers before we enter into a purchase agreement. Some of our distributors purchase our products to operate profit-sharing programs with hospitals. Under these profit-sharing programs, these distributors install our HIFU therapy system in hospitals for free and in return receive a portion of the net profits generated by the system. We also market and sell a small portion of our HIFU therapy system to hospitals directly through our own direct sales force. We market and sell our ECLIA system solely to distributors. We select our distributors based on their reputation, market coverage, sales experience and the size of their sales force. Currently, all our products are being marketed and sold in China. However, we are also evaluating the opportunities to expand distribution of our products to other countries, including Japan and South Korea, in the future. We do not have exclusive distribution arrangement with any of our distributors.

 

As of June 30, 2005, we had a team of 57 marketing and sales personnel who conduct direct sales of our HIFU therapy system, manage distributors for both our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system and perform other sales related tasks. Of these 57 marketing and sales personnel, 35 focus on sales of our HIFU therapy system and 22 focus on sales of our ECLIA system. We intend to increase the size of our sales force as our business grows.

 

The hospital’s chief administrator and the head of the department of oncology, in the case of our HIFU therapy system, or the head of the department of diagnostics, in the case of our ECLIA system, typically make the purchasing decision for our products. We believe that hospitals make purchase decisions on a HIFU tumor therapy device based on the safety and effectiveness of the device, the types of cancer treatment methods that they already offer, their available budget and the anticipated economic return. We believe that hospitals make purchase decisions on diagnostics equipment based on the performance and the range of reagent kits available, the prices of equipment and reagents and ease of use.

 

 


 

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We have established relationships with many hospital administrators at prominent hospitals and other leading medical institutions, many of whom we believe are advocates for our HIFU therapy system. We believe our relationships with these major hospitals and medical institutions raise our profile, enhance awareness of our products in the medical community, medical equipment and supplies industry and among patients, provide us with valuable clinical data to improve our products and keep us abreast of industry trends and developments, all of which in turn helps us market and sell our products. We manage our relationships with ECLIA distributors by pricing our ECLIA system more attractively to distributors than imported alternatives.

 

CUSTOMERS

 

We believe that both our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system have significant market potential in China as there is a strong demand for tumor treatment devices and sensitive and reliable IVD systems. The target market for our HIFU therapy system is large- and medium-size hospitals in China with oncology departments. According to the Ministry of Health of the central government in China, there were approximately 6,000 large- and medium-size hospitals in China in 2003. To date, we have sold over 150 units of our HIFU therapy system. The target market for our ECLIA system is small- and medium-size hospitals in China. According to the Ministry of Health, there were approximately 17,000 small- and medium-size hospitals in China in 2003. We began marketing and selling our ECLIA system in September 2004 and have sold 480 ECLIA analyzers as of March 31, 2005.

 

In the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, 66.7%, 95.2% and 97.0%, respectively, of our HIFU therapy system were sold to distributors. Sales of our HIFU therapy system have been, and will continue to be, generated by sales to a relatively small group of distributors that change from year to year. We do not have long-term contracts with any of our distributors. Because our main product, the HIFU therapy system, is sold at a relatively high unit price, the size and timing of individual orders can have a significant effect on our quarterly results. See “Risk factors—Risks related to our company—We are dependent on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our revenues and this dependence is likely to continue in the future.” As of June 30, 2005, we had 10 HIFU therapy system distributors and 20 ECLIA system distributors.

 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

 

As of June 30, 2005, our research and development team consisted of 30 research personnel and medical professionals, which accounted for 16.9% of our employees. Many of the key research and development personnel who developed the HIFU and ECLIA technologies at the PUPH are currently employed by us. Our research and development staff consists of medical professionals, biomedical engineers, acoustics engineers, electrical engineers and computer science engineers, many of whom have experience in the healthcare and medical device research fields, including experience working with hospitals who are customers of our products. One of our senior researchers, Mr. Xiaolin Yang, is a council member of the scientific advisory board of International Society for Bioluminescence & Chemiluminescence and the vice president of Photobiology Committee of China Biophysics Association and is one of the original inventors of our ECLIA technology. Another of our senior researchers, Mr. Zuwen Qian, is a council member of Acoustical Society of China and a member of American Association for the Advancement of Science and is one of the original inventors of key patents and technologies for our HIFU therapy system.

 

Our research and development focuses primarily on developing new applications and improving the product designs of our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA system.

 


 

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HIFU therapy system research and development

 

We have expertise in the core research and development of all of the components of our HIFU therapy system. We have recently developed an ultrasound temperature detecting technology that can collect real time temperature data through acoustic signals that are generated by the ultrasound waves used for treatment. As the amount of ultrasound energy required to achieve the destruction of tumor tissues can vary with the location of the tumor and the specific characteristics of the tumor tissues to be treated, real time temperature data allows the physician to adjust the target temperature to more precisely achieve target temperature. This device is non-invasive and provides the physician with more control over the treatment process and the outcome. We plan to incorporate this new technology in our third-generation HIFU therapy system and to sell the non-invasive ultrasound temperature detecting device separately as a product upgrade to existing users of our system. Our HIFU therapy system has been recognized as one of the Chinese National Promotion Projects of High Technology Industrialization. Our research projects include increasing the types of tumors our HIFU therapy system can treat and increasing patients’ comfort level during treatment.

 

ECLIA system research and development

 

Our ECLIA system research and development focuses on expanding the range of reagent kits for applications that are commonly used in China. For example, we are developing reagents to monitor treatments using digoxin, the widely used drug for the treatment of heart failure, and to test for contagious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. We are also developing a fully automatic system for large hospitals and a smaller automatic system for private clinics, smaller hospitals and specialized departments in large hospitals. We are also working on improving the response time and efficiency of our ECLIA analyzer and developing an on-site test system for the detection of food pesticide residue, microbial contamination and drug abuse.

 

We actively involve scientists and physicians during our research and development process to produce products that provide clinical and economic benefits to hospitals and their patients. In recent years, we have increased our investment in research and development to accelerate the commercialization of new technologies. We expect to continue devoting significant resources to research and development.

 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

 

We are committed to developing and protecting our intellectual property portfolio. We own and have applied for patents to protect the technologies, inventions and improvements that we believe are significant to our business. As of March 31, 2005, we have obtained 13 patents in China covering different aspects of our HIFU therapy system in China and the related treatment processes. The validity period for the six utility model patents and the seven invention patents we have been granted is 10 and 20 years, respectively, from the date the application is filed. See “—Our HIFU solution—the HIFU therapy system” for a detailed description of our most important patents. We have recently applied for two additional patents covering various aspects of our HIFU therapy system. We also have six pending patent applications in China covering our ECLIA system and the related diagnostic processes. As with patent rights in most other jurisdictions, a patent holder in the PRC enjoys the exclusive right to exclude others from using, licensing and otherwise exploiting the patent within the PRC. To protect some of the most important proprietary technologies internationally, we have applied for four HIFU technology patents in each of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Saudi Arabia and India.

 


 

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We have developed, among others, the following key technologies:

 

Ø   a wide convergence angle range for ultrasound waves—Our HIFU therapy system is capable of producing ultrasound waves from a wide convergence angle range in order to reduce the intensity of ultrasound waves when they penetrate the surface of the skin. This technology significantly reduces the likelihood of skin burns and collateral damage to surrounding body tissues. We have obtained a patent for this technology in China and have applied for patents in other countries.

 

Ø   non-invasive ultrasound temperature detecting—This technology is designed to collect real time temperature data during treatment by generating “acoustic signals” while the focused ultrasound shots occur. The feedback data from these acoustic signals allow the physician to adjust the parameters of the HIFU therapy system so that the target temperature can be more precisely achieved at each focal point throughout the patient’s treatment, thus giving the physician more control over the treatment process and outcome. We have applied for a patent for this technology in China and in other countries.

 

Ø   two-transducer design—This design enables the patient to be treated in the supine, side or seated positions so that more locations in the body can be targeted. This patented design also increases the patient’s comfort level during treatment. We have obtained a patent for this technology in China and have applied for patents in other countries.

 

Ø   enhanced chemiluminescence substrate technology—This technology improves the chemical reaction of reagents with the patient’s body fluid sample to produce a long lasting and linear signal and enables our reagent kits to be more sensitive and accurate. We have a pending patent application for this technology in China.

 

Ø   substance storage technology—This technology can improve the shelf life of our reagent kits from six months to two years, thus reducing the risk of inventory obsolescence. We have a pending patent application for this technology in China.

 

We require our employees, consultants and advisors to execute confidentiality agreements in connection with their employment, consulting and advisory relationships with us. We also require our employees, consultants and advisors who are privy to confidential information to agree to disclose and assign to us all inventions conceived during their terms of employment or contract. Despite any measures we take to protect our intellectual property, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or our proprietary technology or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary.

 

MANUFACTURING

 

Our manufacturing strategy combines our internal design expertise and proprietary technology with strategic outsourcing. We produce our reagent kits and conduct the final product assembly, testing and packaging of our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA analyzer at our facility in Beijing, China. We outsource the production of a majority of our components to, and purchase raw materials from, third-party suppliers.

 

We design or configure many key components of our products and outsource their production to qualified manufacturers. Our suppliers undergo quality certification in accordance with the standards developed by us, and we conduct frequent quality audits of each of our suppliers’ manufacturing facilities. We believe we maintain components and raw materials at an adequate level to ensure a stable supply.

 


 

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The major components of our HIFU therapy system are integrated ultrasound transducers, an ultrasound imaging system, a treatment table/seat, a control station and a conduct structure. The ultrasound imaging system and the treatment bed, two of the major components of our HIFU therapy system, are manufactured by GE and a local supplier, Beijing Tianyuan Kehui, respectively, and we purchase other components from other local suppliers. The major components of our ECLIA analyzer are the photon-multiplier, motor drive and various types of other electrical and plastic parts that are generally readily available in sufficient quantities from our local suppliers. The raw materials of our reagent kits are antibodies and antigens for the production of coated microplate and conjugator, chemicals for the production of reagents, and plastics and packaging such as vacant microplate and bottles. We purchase a portion of our supplies of antibodies and antigens overseas and source the other raw materials from local suppliers.

 

We generally produce our products based on firm orders and anticipated additional orders that we are reasonably confident will be obtained. Lead times for raw materials and components vary and depend on the specific supplier and the availability and demand for the raw materials or components. We currently use one or more suppliers for some of our key components for quality control purposes. We source the ultrasound imaging system, one of the major components of our HIFU therapy system, from GE, which designs and produces the ultrasound imaging system based on our specifications. If we are unable to obtain this component from GE, it may be difficult to find an alternate supplier on a timely basis that can provide a replacement system with comparable quality as we require. We believe that we will be able to source most of our other key components from other suppliers if necessary. We do not currently have any long-term supply contracts, and our purchases are made on a purchase order basis.

 

We have recently streamlined our product assembly process to improve our responsiveness to changes in our business volume by training our employees to assemble multiple components. As our sales fluctuate from month to month, employees with multiple skill sets and multi-tasked teams will allow us to make quicker deliveries while enabling us to more effectively manage our costs.

 

QUALITY CONTROL

 

We have our own independent quality control system and devote significant attention to quality control for the designing, manufacturing and testing of our products. We have established a quality control system in accordance with SFDA regulations. In 2001, we obtained ISO 9001 certification for the production of our HIFU therapy system, which indicates our compliance with recognized international standards for quality control. We inspect components prior to assembly, and inspect and test internally manufactured products both during and after the manufacturing process.

 

Our quality control team is also responsible for ensuring that we are in compliance with all applicable regulations, standards and internal policies. Our senior management team is actively involved in setting quality policies and managing internal and external quality performance.

 

CUSTOMER SUPPORT AND SERVICE

 

We maintain a dedicated team to provide customer support and service for our products. Our customer support and service team is based in Beijing and it provides on-site and off-site technical and clinical support to hospitals across China upon customer request. As of June 30, 2005, this team consisted of 19 full-time employees, including physicians, biomedical engineers, acoustics engineers, computer science

 


 

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engineers, and service and repair technicians. We plan to build service centers in major cities in China to continue providing good customer support and service as we continue to grow. We believe that our ability to provide good customer support and service is an important part of our business.

 

We provide training to hospitals that purchase our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA system. Training sessions are provided directly by us or through larger hospitals that have purchased our product. We offer a two-week training course to hospitals that purchase our HIFU therapy system. Hospital participants typically include a physician, an ultrasound technician, a nurse and a maintenance engineer. Our ECLIA system training is generally only one day long as our ECLIA system is relatively easy and simple to operate. In addition, due to the technical nature of our HIFU therapy system, it is usually necessary for members of our customer support and service team to assist with the installation.

 

Each of our HIFU therapy systems and ECLIA analyzers are typically sold with a 12-month unlimited warranty against technical defects. We have experienced a limited number of warranty claims in the past for our HIFU therapy system. As we only began selling our ECLIA analyzer in September 2004, we currently do not have sufficient historical data on the warranty claims for our ECLIA analyzer. Consequently, the costs associated with our warranty claims have historically been relatively low. We do not generally accrue any liability for potential warranty costs at the time of sale. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Critical accounting policies—Warranty obligations.” Upon expiration of the warranty, we encourage our customers to enter into a service agreement for our continued service coverage. We offer flexible service arrangements that allow our customers to obtain a service package that meets their needs and budget considerations.

 

COMPETITION

 

Rapid product development, technological advances, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary products characterize the industry in which we compete. Our products could be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by the introduction and market acceptance of competing products or by technological advances of our current or potential competitors. We face direct competition from a number of publicly traded and privately held companies, including other manufacturers of tumor therapeutic and diagnostic products. Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially greater financial, research and development, sales and marketing, personnel and other resources than we do and may have more experience in developing, manufacturing, marketing and supporting new products. Competition will intensify as more players enter this field. We believe that an important competitive advantage for a medical technology company is its ability to make continuous investments in research and development and to identify commercially viable technologies and successfully bring the technologies into market.

 

Competition for our HIFU therapy system

 

We face competition both from current manufacturers and new market entrants of HIFU tumor therapy devices. In addition, we face competition from providers of traditional tumor treatment methods including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and companies developing, marketing and manufacturing alternative tumor therapies such as radio frequency ablation, microwave thermo-coagulation and cryosurgery.

 

We believe that there are several companies that are currently active in developing HIFU tumor therapy devices and clinical applications. Outside of China, companies making HIFU-related products for the

 


 

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minimally or non-invasive treatment of tumors include EDAP, a company based in France, Focus Surgery, a company based in the United States, and Insightec, an Israeli company that has GE as one of its investors. EDAP’s Ablatherm® is approved for marketing and distribution in the European Union, Canada, Russia and South Korea, and is being tested in a clinical trial in the United States for the treatment of prostate cancer. Focus Surgery’s Sonablate® 500 is approved for marketing and distribution in the United States for the treatment of prostate cancer. Insightec’s ExAblateTM 2000 is approved for the marketing and distribution in the European Union and the United States for the treatment of uterine fibroids. None of the above-mentioned overseas-based companies currently offer or sell their products in China.

 

In China, our competitors include Chongqing Haifu and Shanghai A&S. Their products have been approved to treat various types of tumors. We are not aware of any publicly available market share data or information on the HIFU tumor therapy devices used in China. Our system has been used to treat over 20,000 patient cases, which we believe to be more than any other HIFU tumor therapy device available in China. We plan to maintain our leadership in the HIFU technology and increase the penetration of our HIFU therapy system in China through a well-planned sales and marketing strategy, as well as through continued development of new applications and enhancements to our existing products.

 

Competition for our ECLIA system

 

Currently, the majority of the IVD systems used small- and medium-size hospitals in China are radioimmunoassay and enzymatic immunoassay systems. In contrast, in the United States and Western Europe the majority of IVD tests are performed with luminescence immunoassay IVD systems. The supply of luminescence immunoassay IVD systems in China is currently dominated by established overseas-based companies such as Abbott Diagnostics, Bayer AG, Beckman Coulter, DPC, EG&G Wallac, Johnson & Johnson and Roche Group, and all of which primarily offer automatic systems. These companies often offer their automatic IVD equipment free of charge or sell them at a steep discount to listed price to large hospitals with high patient volumes, and rely on sales of reagent kits to generate income for their IVD systems. They also offer their IVD instrument at listed prices to hospitals that do not commit to purchase a fixed quantity of reagent kits. There are a number of China-based manufacturers who also offer luminescence immunoassay systems, but their market shares are small. Most of these China-based manufacturers do not have integrated systems and generally rely on imported reagent kits or equipment. The target market for our semi-automatic ECLIA system consists of approximately 17,000 small- and medium-size hospitals in China. We believe that most of these hospitals do not have sufficient financial means to purchase the more expensive automatic and imported luminescence immunoassay systems or do not have sufficient patient volume, and instead currently use radioimmunoassay and enzymatic immunoassay IVD systems. As a result, we believe we are not currently in direct competition with overseas-based companies that target large hospitals in China. Going forward, we expect competition will intensify as we start to offer automatic IVD systems to large hospitals in China.

 


 

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EMPLOYEES

 

We had 78, 87 and 137 employees as of March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. The following table sets forth the number of our employees categorized by function as of June 30, 2005.

 

     As of June 30, 2005

Manufacturing and services

   48

Research and development

   30

General and administration

   23

Marketing and sales(1)

   57

Customer support and service

   19
    

Total

   177
    

(1)   Includes 35 employees focusing on the sale of our HIFU therapy systems and 22 employees focusing on the sales of our ECLIA systems.

 

From time to time, we also employ independent contractors to support our marketing and sales and clinical support and research. We plan to hire additional employees for marketing and sales, customer service and manufacturing and assembly as we grow our business. None of our employees is represented by a labor union. We consider our relationship with our employees to be good.

 

In accordance with applicable regulations in the PRC, we participate in a pension contribution plan, a medical insurance plan, an unemployment insurance plan and a personal injury insurance plan for our employees. We have made adequate provisions in accordance with applicable regulations, which require us to contribute amounts equal to 20%, 9%, 1.5% and 0.5%, respectively, of our employees’ aggregate basic salaries to these statutory plans.

 

INSURANCE

 

We maintain insurance coverage from PICC Property and Casualty Company Limited, with an annual aggregate insured amount of RMB4.0 million (US$0.5 million) to cover product liability claims arising from the use of our HIFU therapy system. We also have property insurance coverage from China Pacific Property Insurance Co., Ltd. to cover certain of our fixed assets. Our insurance coverage, however, may not be sufficient to cover any claim for product liability or damage to our fixed assets. See “Risk factors—Risks related to our company—We are subject to product liability exposure and have limited insurance coverage.”

 

FACILITIES

 

We are headquartered in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, where we own two buildings with an aggregate of approximately 10,000 square meters of office, research and development and manufacturing spaces. We own all of our manufacturing facilities. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet our current and foreseeable future requirements.

 

LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS

 

We are currently not a party to any legal or administrative proceedings and we are not aware of any pending or threatened legal or administrative proceedings against us. We may from time to time become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.

 


 

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Management

 

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

 

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of July 14, 2005.

 

Name    Age    Position/title

Xiaodong Wu

   48    Chairman of the board of directors, chief executive officer

Iain Ferguson Bruce(1)(2)

   64    Director

Cole R. Capener(1)

   50    Director

Lawrence A. Crum(1)(2)

   64    Director

Ruyu Du

   69    Director

Minshi (Mike) Shen

   39    Director, chief operating officer

Ting (Tina) Zheng

   32    Director

Takyung (Sam) Tsang

   34    Chief financial officer

Feng (Charles) Zhu

   35    Vice president

(1)   Member of the audit committee.
(2)   Member of the compensation committee.

 

Mr. Xiaodong Wu, our founder, currently serves as our chairman of the board of directors and chief executive officer. Mr. Wu has served on our board of directors since July 2004 and as the chairman of our board of directors since February 2005. Mr. Wu is also a director and the chief executive officer of YDME Beijing, the positions he has served since the inception of YDME Beijing in July 1999. Mr. Wu serves on the board of directors of Chengxuan, Beijing Chengxuan, an investment holding company, Beijing Weixiao, a medical technology company, Beijing Jia Chen Hong Biological Technologies Co., Ltd., a medical technology company, and Beijing Wan De Jin Da Industry and Trade Co., Ltd., a property management company. Mr. Wu worked in the foreign investment department of the Jiangxi provincial government from 1990 to 1996. From 1980 to 1989, Mr. Wu worked in Jiangxi Municipal Science and Technology Commission and accumulated extensive experience in assessing and managing hi-tech projects. Mr. Wu is an advisor to Beijing Medical University for technology development projects. Mr. Wu received his bachelor’s degree in Physics from Jiangxi University.

 

Mr. Iain Ferguson Bruce has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2005. Mr. Bruce will serve as a member of the audit and the compensation committees. Mr. Bruce joined KPMG in Hong Kong in 1964 and was elected to its partnership in 1971. He was a Senior Partner of KPMG from 1991 until his retirement in 1996 and also concurrently served as Chairman of KPMG Asia Pacific from 1993 to 1997. Since 1964, Mr. Bruce has been a member of the Chartered Accountants of Scotland and is a fellow of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants with over 40 years’ experience in the accounting profession. Mr. Bruce is currently an independent non-executive director of China Merchants DiChain (Asia) Ltd., a logistics platform operating company, Paul Y Engineering Group Limited, a construction and engineering company, Vitasoy International Holdings Ltd., a beverage manufacturing company, Wing On Company International Ltd., a department store operating and real property investment company, and Tencent Holdings Limited, a provider of Internet services and mobile

 


 

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value-added services. All of these companies are listed companies on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Mr. Bruce is also a non-executive director of Noble Group Limited, a commodity trading company that is listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange and a director of DF China Technology, Inc., a software provider that is traded on Nasdaq OTC Bulletin Board.

 

Mr. Cole R. Capener has served as a member of our board of directors since June 2005. Mr. Capener is currently a visiting professor of law at Fudan University, Shanghai, China. He obtained his law degree, with honors, from The George Washington University National Law Centre in 1981. Thereafter, he practiced law in the New York City office of Shearman & Sterling and later joined the international law firm of Baker & McKenzie in that firm’s Beijing office in 1986. Mr. Capener became a partner in Baker & McKenzie in 1989 and his practice consisted of advising multinational corporate clients doing business in China. In 2001, he left the firm to establish and manage a non-profit, 501(c)(3) corporation, Saving African Families Enterprise, which raises funds to procure antiretroviral medicines for families living with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan African. He currently serves as an independent non-executive director on the board of directors of BMW’s manufacturing joint venture in Shenyang, China, BMW Brilliance Automotive Co. Ltd. He has published a large number of articles on Chinese legal topics. He is admitted to practice law in the states of New York, California and Utah.

 

Dr. Lawrence A. Crum has served as a member of our Board of Directors since February 2005, and will serve as a member of the audit and the compensation committees. Dr. Crum is the director of the Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound and a research professor in electrical engineering and bioengineering at the University of Washington in Seattle, the United States of America. He holds a Ph.D. degree in physics from the University of Ohio, has served as the president of the Acoustical Society of America and the International Commission for Acoustics, and holds an honorary doctorate degree from the University of Brussels. He has published over 250 articles in professional journals and holds 15 patents.

 

Mr. Ruyu Du has served as a member of our board of directors since June 2005. Mr. Du joined Peking University People’s Hospital in 1959 as a surgeon and served as the president of the hospital from 1983 until 1998, when he retired. Mr. Du currently serves as a professor of surgery at Peking University and he is also honorary president of Peking University People’s Hospital. Mr. Du is a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Medical Association, a director of the Surgery Society of China Medical Association, and the vice chairman of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association. Mr. Du has been the chief editor for the Chinese Journal of Surgery since 1992, and served as deputy chief editor of the Clinical Journal of General Surgery from 1985 to 1992 and of the Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery from 1996 to 2000. Mr. Du is the author of over 150 articles published in Chinese and international professional journals. Mr. Du has been a member of the Chinese delegation to the International Society of Surgery since 1998. Mr. Du holds his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in medical surgery from Peking University.

 

Mr. Minshi (Mike) Shen has served as a member of our board of directors and our chief operating officer since February 2005. Prior to joining us, Mr. Shen worked as the director of marketing and business development in the Greater China area at GE Healthcare, and was responsible for marketing, key accounts management, sales training, telemarketing, communication and business development. In addition, Mr. Shen worked at various other positions at GE Healthcare’s China operation from 1999 to 2005. From 1996 to 1999, Mr. Shen worked as a sales and channel manager at Shell (China) Co., Ltd. Mr. Shen received his bachelor’s degree in English from Tsinghua University and a diploma in management from China-Europe International Business School in Shanghai.

 

 


 

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Ms. Ting (Tina) Zheng has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2005. Ms. Zheng also serves as an executive director of the board of directors of Golden Meditech, one of our shareholders, and is responsible for Golden Meditech’s financial and internal control systems. Ms. Zheng holds a bachelor’s degree in accounting from the People’s University of China.

 

Mr. Takyung (Sam) Tsang joined our company as our chief financial officer in January 2005. Mr. Tsang was an advisor to the company for the areas of accounting and finance from February 2004 to December 2004. Prior to joining us, Mr. Tsang worked as a manager of KPMG Hong Kong from March 2001 to January 2004, and also worked as a manager of Ernst & Young China from January 1999 to February 2001. Mr. Tsang is a member of American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Tsang received his bachelor’s degree in business administration from Chinese University of Hong Kong.

 

Mr. Feng (Charles) Zhu joined our company as our vice president for business development and investor relationship in January 2005. Prior to joining us, Mr. Zhu worked as a business development manager for GE Healthcare in China from February 2002 to December 2004, responsible for merger and acquisition projects. From May 2000 to February 2002, Mr. Zhu also worked as a business analyst for a Siemens joint venture in China, advising clients on fund raising projects. Mr. Zhu received his bachelor’s degree in English from Foreign Affairs College in China and his master’s degree in business administration from Texas Christian University.

 

The business address of our directors and executive officers is China Medical Technologies Inc. at No. 24 Yong Chang North Road, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, People’s Republic of China.

 

OTHER KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL

 

Mr. Xiaolin Yang joined our company in July 2004 and currently serves as a senior researcher and heads the enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay research team of YDME Beijing. From September 2001 to July 2004, Mr. Yang was the head of the enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay research team of Beijing Weixiao. Prior to joining us, he was also a researcher at the PUPH from 1991 to August 2001, where he specialized in chemiluminescence immunoassay studies. Mr. Yang is a council member of scientific advisory board of International Society for Bioluminescence & Chemiluminescence and the vice president of Photobiology Committee of China Biophysics Association. Mr. Yang has published many articles in medical journals and for international symposiums. Mr. Yang received his master’s degree in medical biochemistry and bachelor’s degree in medical studies from Peking University.

 

Mr. Houqing Zhu joined our company in July 1999 and currently serves as a senior researcher of YDME Beijing. Prior to joining us, Mr. Zhu was the director of the Ultrasonic Transducer Laboratory of the Institute of Acoustics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1986 to 1995, where he specialized in acoustic projects. Mr. Zhu is the vice president of the National Technical Standardization Association of Acoustics in China. Mr. Zhu received an award from the Commission of Science Technology and Industry for National Defense in 1988 and from Beijing Technology Supervision Bureau in 1995. Mr. Zhu has published numerous articles on acoustics studies in professional journals and was a visiting scholar of Rhode Island University in the United States from 1984 to 1985. Mr. Zhu received his bachelor’s degree in Physics from Nanjing University.

 

Mr. Jinsheng Yu joined our company in July 1999 and currently serves as a senior researcher of YDME Beijing. From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Yu worked in the research center of PUPH, where he specialized in the development of the prototype of our HIFU therapy system. Mr. Yu received his bachelor’s degree in electricity automation from Hefei Polytechnic University.

 

 


 

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Mr. Jiang Lan joined our company in July 1999 and currently serves as a senior researcher of YDME Beijing. From 1987 to 1999, Mr. Lan worked in the research center of PUPH, where he specialized in the development of the prototype of our HIFU therapy system. Mr. Lan received his bachelor’s degree in engineering from Hebei Science and Engineering College.

 

Mr. Zuwen Qian joined our company in April 2001 and currently serves as a senior researcher of YDME Beijing. Prior to joining us, Mr. Qian was a researcher in the Institute of Acoustics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for over ten years, where he specialized in acoustic projects. Mr. Qian was a council member of the Acoustical Society of China and a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Mr. Qian was also the editor of the Journal of Physics and the Journal of Applied Acoustics in China. Mr. Qian was a visiting scholar of Golangen University in Germany from 1981 to 1982. Mr. Qian received his bachelor’s degree in physics from Nanjing University.

 

Mr. Xudong Sun joined our company in July 2004 and currently serves as a senior researcher of YDME Beijing. Prior to joining us, Mr. Sun was a researcher of the ECLIA research team of Beijing Weixiao from September 2001 to July 2004. From 1994 to 2001, Mr. Sun held various research and managerial positions in Beijing North Institute of Biological Technology, a major manufacturer of radioimmunoassay and enhanced luminescence immunoassay reagent kits in China. Mr. Sun received his master’s degree and bachelor’s degree in biochemistry from Jilin University.

 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

Our board of directors consists of seven members, four of whom are independent directors within the meaning of Rule 4200(a)(15) of the NASD Rules, as amended from time to time. There are no family relationships between any of our directors and executive officers.

 

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

Our board of directors will establish an audit committee and a compensation committee immediately after the closing of this offering.

 

Audit committee

 

Our audit committee will initially consist of Mr. Iain Ferguson Bruce, Mr. Cole R. Capener and Dr. Lawrence A. Crum, and will be chaired by Mr. Iain Ferguson Bruce. All of the three directors satisfy the “independence” requirements of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules. The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the financial statements of our company. The audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:

 

Ø   selecting our independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by our independent auditors;

 

Ø   reviewing with our independent auditors any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response;

 

Ø   reviewing and approving all proposed related-party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;

 

Ø   discussing our annual audited consolidated financial statements with management and our independent auditors;

 

Ø   reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special audit steps adopted in light of material control deficiencies;

 

 


 

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Ø   annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;

 

Ø   such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors from time to time;

 

Ø   meeting separately and periodically with management and our internal and independent auditors; and

 

Ø   reporting regularly to the full board of directors.

 

Compensation committee

 

Our compensation committee will initially consist of Mr. Iain Ferguson Bruce and Dr. Lawrence A. Crum, both of whom satisfy the “independent” requirements of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Our compensation committee assists the board in reviewing and approving the compensation structure of our directors and executive officers, including all forms of compensation to be provided to our directors and executive officers. Members of the compensation committee are not prohibited from direct involvement in determining their own compensation. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any committee meeting during which his compensation is deliberated. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:

 

Ø   approving and overseeing the compensation package for our executive officers;

 

Ø   reviewing and making recommendations to the board with respect to the compensation of our directors;

 

Ø   reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of our chief executive officer, evaluating the performance of our chief executive officer in light of those goals and objectives, and setting the compensation level of our chief executive officer based on this evaluation; and

 

Ø   reviewing periodically and making recommendations to the board regarding any long-term incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar arrangements, annual bonuses, employee pension and welfare benefit plans.

 

DUTIES OF DIRECTORS

 

Under Cayman Islands and English common law, our directors have a fiduciary duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skill they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and re-stated from time to time. A shareholder has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.

 

The functions and powers of our board of directors include, among others:

 

Ø   convening shareholders’ annual general meetings and reporting its work to shareholders at such meetings;

 

Ø   declaring dividends and distributions;

 

Ø   appointing officers and determining the term of office of officers;

 

Ø   exercising the borrowing powers of our company and mortgaging the property of our company; and

 

Ø   approving the transfer of shares of our company, including the registering of such shares in our share register.

 


 

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INTERESTED TRANSACTIONS

 

A director may vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested, provided that the nature of the interest of any directors in such contract or transaction is disclosed by him or her at or prior to its consideration and any vote in that matter.

 

REMUNERATION AND BORROWING

 

The directors may determine remuneration to be paid to the directors. The compensation committee will assist the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors. The directors may exercise all the powers of the company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and to issue debentures or other securities whether outright or as security for any debt or other obligations of our company or of any third party.

 

QUALIFICATION

 

There is no shareholding qualification for directors.

 

TERMS OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

All directors hold office until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the board of directors. Currently, directors are not subject to a term of office and hold office until such time as they are removed from office by special resolution or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders. If a director has been appointed by Chengxuan or Golden Meditech, upon written notice to us, such director may be removed and replaced by its respective nominator, at any time for any reason.

 

With the expiration of the directors’ terms under our second amended and restated articles of association, elections for directors will be held each year on the date of annual general meeting of shareholders. A director will be removed from office automatically if, among other things, the director (i) becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors; or (ii) dies or is found by our company to be or becomes of unsound mind.

 

COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

 

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, the aggregate cash compensation to our directors and executive officers was approximately RMB500,000 (US$60,000). The aggregate amount set aside or accrued to provide retirement, pension or other similar benefits for our executive officers and key employees was approximately RMB10,000 (US$1,000). We granted options to acquire 400,000 of our ordinary shares to two of our directors for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005. If we terminate an executive officer without cause, we are required to pay compensation equal to nine months of the executive officer’s salary.

 

STOCK OPTIONS

 

Our board of directors has adopted a stock option plan on February 1, 2005. The purpose of the plan is to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, provide additional incentive to employees, directors and consultants and promote the success of our business. Our board of directors believes that our company’s long-term success is dependent upon our ability to attract and retain superior individuals who, by virtue of their ability, experience and qualifications, make important contributions to our business.

 


 

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We have reserved an aggregate of 30,000,000 of our ordinary shares for issuance under our 2005 stock option plan. As of March 31, 2005, options to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 of our ordinary shares were issued and outstanding.

 

Termination of options

 

Where the option agreement permits the exercise of the options granted for a certain period of time following the recipient’s termination of services with us, or the recipient’s disability or death, the options will terminate to the extent any is not exercised or purchased on the last day of the specified period or the last day of the original term of the options, whichever occurs first.

 

Administration

 

Our stock option plan is administered by an administrative committee designated by our board of directors. The administrative committee will determine the provisions, terms and conditions of each option grant, including, but not limited to, the option vesting schedule, repurchase provisions, rights of first refusal, forfeiture provisions, form of payment upon settlement of the award, payment contingencies and satisfaction of any performance criteria.

 

Vesting schedule

 

One-third of the options to be granted under our stock option plan vest one year after a specified vesting commencement date. Another one-third of the options vest 18 months after the specified vesting commencement date. The remaining one-third vest two years after the specified vesting commencement date. The vesting schedule is subject to the optionee continuing to be a service provider of our company on each of such dates.

 

Option agreement

 

Options granted under our stock option plan are evidenced by an option agreement that contains, among other things, provisions concerning exercisability and forfeiture upon termination of employment or consulting arrangements by reason of death, disability or otherwise, as determined by our board. In addition, the option agreement also provides that options granted under each Plan are subject to a 180-day lock-up period following the effective date of a registration statement filed by us under the Securities Act, if so requested by us or any representative of the underwriter in connection with any registration of the offering of any of our securities.

 

Option exercise

 

The term of options granted under the 2005 stock option plan may not exceed five years from the date of grant. The consideration to be paid for our ordinary shares upon exercise of an option or purchase of shares underlying the option will be determined by the stock option plan administrator and may include cash, check, ordinary shares, a promissory note, consideration received by us under a cashless exercise program implemented by us in connection with our stock option plan, or any combination of the foregoing methods of payment.

 

Third-party acquisition

 

If a third-party acquires us through the purchase of all or substantially all of our assets, a merger or other business combination, all outstanding stock options or share purchase rights will be assumed or equivalent stock options or share purchase rights will be substituted by the successor corporation or parent or subsidiary of successor corporation. In the event that the successor corporation refuses to assume or

 


 

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substitute for the stock options or share purchase rights, all stock options or share purchase rights will become fully vested and exercisable immediately prior to such transaction and all unexercised options will terminate unless, in either case, the options are assumed by the successor corporation or its parent.

 

Termination of plans

 

Unless terminated earlier, the 2005 stock option plan will expire in 2010. Our board of directors has the authority to amend or terminate our stock option plan subject to shareholder approval to the extent necessary to comply with applicable law and regulations. However, no such action may (i) impair the rights of any optionee unless agreed by the optionee and the stock option plan administrative committee, or (ii) affect the stock option plan administrative committee’s ability to exercise the powers granted to it under our stock option plan.

 

The following table summarizes the outstanding options that we granted to two of our directors under our 2005 stock option plan as of March 31, 2005.

 

Name


   Number of shares
to be issued upon
exercise of options


   Per share exercise
price (in US$)


   Date of grant

   Date of expiration

Iain Ferguson Bruce

   200,000    US$ 1.36    March 14, 2005    December 31, 2009

Lawrence A. Crum

   200,000    US$ 1.36    March 14, 2005    December 31, 2009
    
                

Total

   400,000                 
    
                

 


 

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Principal shareholders

 

The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares, on a fully diluted basis as of July 14, 2005, by:

 

Ø   each of our directors and executive officers; and

 

Ø   each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5.0% of our ordinary shares.

 

    Ordinary shares
beneficially owned prior to
this offering(1)


  Shares beneficially
owned after this
offering(1)(2)


    Number    %   Number    %

Directors and executive officers:

                 

Xiaodong Wu(3)(7)

  110,020,001    54.90   90,020,001    35.95

Iain Ferguson Bruce(4)

  200,000    0.10   200,000    0.08

Lawrence A. Crum(5)

  200,000    0.10   200,000    0.08

All directors and executive officers as a group(6)

  110,420,001    55.10   90,420,001    36.11

Principal shareholders:

                 

Chengxuan International Ltd.(7)

  110,020,001    54.90   90,020,001    35.95

Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Ltd.(8)

  50,000,000    24.95   50,000,000    19.97

General Electric International Operations Company, Inc.(9)

  39,980,000    19.95   39,980,000    15.97

(1)   Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities.
(2)   Assumes that the underwriter does not exercise the over-allotment option.
(3)   Mr. Wu holds his share through Chengxuan International Ltd.
(4)   Represents ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Bruce.
(5)   Represents ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Crum.
(6)   Includes ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of options beneficially held by all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
(7)   Chengxuan International Ltd., a British Virgin Islands company, is owned by Mr. Xiaodong Wu. The address for Chengxuan is The Mill Mall, PO Box 92, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. In connection with its purchase of Beijing Chengxuan’s ownership interests in YDME Beijing, in July 2004, Chengxuan issued to Green Wall a US$8.5 million exchangeable note at an annual interest rate of 10%. The term of the note is one year, and the holder of the note has the right, at any time, to exchange the note for the numbers of ordinary shares in our company representing 10% ownership interests of YDME Beijing. The note will be automatically exchanged into 20,000,000 of our ordinary shares held by Chengxuan upon completion of this offering. In February 2005, Green Wall resold 30% and 50% of the exchangeable note to Asset Managers and Neon Liberty, respectively. Upon completion of this offering, Green Wall, Asset Managers and certain investment funds managed by Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC (collectively the “Neon Liberty funds”) will hold 4,000,001, 6,000,000 and 9,999,999 shares of our ordinary shares, respectively. Mr. Wenli Cui is the sole shareholder of Green Wall. Asset Manager is 50% owned by Asset Investors Co., Ltd., a public company listed on the Osaka Securities Exchange, and 50% owned by Asset Managers (China) Company Limited, which is a company 70% owned by Asset Managers Co., Ltd., a public company listed on “Hercules” of the Osaka Securities Exchange, and 30% owned by Mr. Chi Chiu Yip. The address for Asset Manager is The Imperial Tower 17F, 1-1-1 Uchi-saiwaicho, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan. Of the 9,999,999 shares which the Neon Liberty funds will hold upon completion of the offering, 6,611,764 shares will be held by Neon Liberty Emerging Markets Fund Ltd., an exempted company organized and existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands, 2,611,765 shares will be held by Neon Liberty Emerging Market Fund LP, a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware in the United States, and 776,470 will be held by Neon Liberty Greater China Fund Ltd., an exempted company organized and existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC is a limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware in the United States. By virtue of its position as the investment manager of each of the Neon Liberty funds, Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the ordinary shares held by each Neon Liberty fund. The managers of Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC are Messrs. Satyen Mehta, Alejandro Baez-Sacasa and Fang Zheng (collectively, the “Neon Managers”). Investment decisions with respect to the portfolio securities of each of the Neon Liberty funds, including the ordinary shares held by each of the Neon Liberty funds, are made upon a majority vote of such Neon Managers. As a result, none of the Neon Managers may individually be deemed to be a beneficial owner of such shares. The address of Neon Liberty Capital Management LLC is 230 Park Avenue suite 865, New York, NY 10169.

 


 

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(8)   Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Ltd., a British Virgin Islands company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Meditech Company Limited, a public company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The address for Golden Meditech is PO Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Centre, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(9)   General Electric International Operations Company, Inc., a Delaware company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of General Electric Company, a public company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The address for General Electric International Operations Company is Corporate Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, United States of America.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, approximately 19.95% of our outstanding ordinary shares are held by one record holder in the United States.

 

None of our shareholders has different voting rights from other shareholders after the closing of this offering. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.

 


 

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Related party transactions

 

Before the completion of this offering, we intend to adopt an audit committee charter, which will require that the committee review all related-party transactions on an ongoing basis and all such transactions be approved by the committee. Set forth below are all our related-party transactions since the beginning of our preceding three fiscal years.

 

PRIVATE PLACEMENTS

 

In March 2003, our predecessor and directly wholly-owned subsidiary, YDME Beijing issued in a private placement 10,065,000 ordinary shares to GE and 16,775,000 ordinary shares to Golden Meditech at a cash purchase price of US$0.296 per share, and GE and Golden Meditech became 15% and 25% shareholders of YDME Beijing, respectively. We created a holding company structure by incorporating China Medical Technologies, Inc. in the Cayman Islands in July 2004. Through a corporate reorganization, YDME Beijing became our wholly-owned subsidiary in January 2005. As part of the corporate reorganization, each of the then shareholders of YDME Beijing, Chengxuan, GE and Golden Meditech subscribed for 110,020,000, 39,980,000 and 50,000,000 of our ordinary shares, respectively, in exchange for their respective ownership interests in YDME Beijing. As of July 14, 2005, Chengxuan, GE and Golden Meditech held 55.01%, 19.99% and 25%, respectively, of our outstanding ordinary shares.

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH GE

 

GE became a shareholder of YDME Beijing in March 2003 and a distributor of our HIFU therapy system in April 2003. In January 2005, GE became our shareholder. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2004 and 2005, sales of our HIFU therapy system to GE amounted to RMB12.0 million and RMB4.1 million (US$0.5 million), respectively, which accounted for 12.0% and 1.9% of our revenues, respectively. Sales of our HIFU therapy system to GE were generally at prices lower than those charged to third parties.

 

In addition, we purchase the ultrasound imaging system, one of the major components of our HIFU therapy system, from GE. Under the exclusive supply agreement between GE and us, as long as GE holds 5% or more of our ordinary shares, GE is the sole supplier of the ultrasound imaging system. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003 and 2004, our purchases of ultrasound imaging system from GE amounted to RMB9.3 million and RMB6.8 million, respectively. We purchased GE’s ultrasound imaging system through an import company in an amount of RMB34.7 million (US$4.2 million) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005.

 

In April 2004, we entered into a service agreement with GE under which we agreed to provide repair services for medical equipment GE sold to its customers in China. Under the service agreement, GE agrees to reimburse all expenses we incur in connection with our repair services. In addition, we also charge GE a service fee equal to 10% of expenses we incur in connection with our repair services. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, GE advanced RMB421,000 (US$51,000) in cash to us relating to our repair services. These advances were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable within one year. We generated repair service income in the amount of RMB3,000 (US$362) under the service agreement for the same fiscal year.

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH BEIJING CHENGXUAN

 

We have historically made cash advances to Beijing Chengxuan. Beijing Chengxuan is our affiliated company that is controlled by Mr. Xiaodong Wu, our chairman, chief executive officer and major shareholder. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, we advanced an aggregate of RMB5.0 million, Nil and Nil to Beijing Chengxuan to fund its working capital requirements,

 


 

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respectively. These advances were unsecured, non-interest bearing and had no fixed terms of repayment. Beijing Chengxuan made repayments of RMB6.2 million, RMB5.0 million and Nil in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. These repayments settled all advances we had made to Beijing Chengxuan, including advances made before fiscal year ended March 31, 2003. We do not intend to make any cash advance to Beijing Chengxuan in the future.

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH BEIJING WEIXIAO

 

We have historically conducted a number of substantial transactions with Beijing Weixiao. Beijing Weixiao is our affiliated company that is controlled by Mr. Xiaodong Wu.

 

In February 2004, we signed a purchase agreement with Beijing Weixiao for the purchase of a building to be used as our office, manufacturing facilities and research and development center for RMB64.8 million (US$7.8 million). A prepayment of RMB60.0 million (US$7.2 million) was made to Beijing Weixiao in March 2003 and the remaining RMB4.8 million (US$0.6 million) was paid in April 2004.

 

In August 2004, we acquired the ECLIA technology from Beijing Weixiao. Under the acquisition agreement, we agreed to pay Beijing Weixiao a total purchase price of RMB250.0 million (US$30.2 million) before September 30, 2005 for the ECLIA technology, related inventories and a noncompete commitment. We made payments of RMB80.0 million (US$9.7 million), RMB12.0 million (US$1.4 million), RMB8.0 million (US$1.0 million) and RMB50.0 million (US$6.0 million) in September 2004, December 2004, February 2005 and March 2005, respectively.

 

We have historically made cash advances to Beijing Weixiao. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, we advanced an aggregate of RMB6.0 million, RMB12.0 million and Nil to Beijing Weixiao to fund its working capital requirements, respectively. Theses advances were unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment. Beijing Weixiao made payments of RMB6.5 million, RMB30.1 million and RMB99,000 (US$12,000) in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. These repayments settled all advances we had made to Beijing Weixiao, including advances made before the fiscal year ended March 31, 2002. We do not intend to make any cash advance to Beijing Weixiao in the future.

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH CHENGXUAN

 

Chengxuan International Ltd., or Chengxuan, is one of our shareholders and controlled by Mr. Xiaodong Wu, the chairman of our board of directors and our chief executive officer. Chengxuan paid RMB2.3 million (US$0.3 million) in cash on our behalf during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 to settle expenses we incurred in connection with the preparation of this offering and our operating activities. These amounts were unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment. We intend to repay these amounts with cash generated from our operating activities.

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ AGREEMENTS

 

In connection with the March 2003 private placement, YDME Beijing entered into a shareholders’ agreement with all of its nine shareholders. This agreement provided for certain matters relating to the management of YDME Beijing. Under this agreement, the board of directors of YDME Beijing would consist of nine directors. Each of Beijing Chengxuan, PUPH and Golden Meditech was entitled to designate two directors, and Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development Co., Ltd. was entitled to designate one director. In addition, Beijing Chengxuan was entitled to nominate two independent directors, and a representative of GE might attend all board meetings in a nonvoting capacity.

 

 


 

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In May 2004, in connection with Beijing Chengxuan’s acquisition of ownership interests in YDME Beijing held by certain minority shareholders, the remaining shareholders of YDME Beijing, Beijing Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE, adopted a revised memorandum and articles of association, which superseded the March 2003 shareholders’ agreement. Under the revised memorandum and articles of association, which became effective as of June 2004, the board of directors of YDME Beijing would consist of three directors. Each of Beijing Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE was entitled to designate one director. As a result, Golden Meditech and GE, which held equity interests of 25% and 15%, respectively, in YDME Beijing, effectively had an equal voting power to make significant decisions expected to be made in the ordinary course of YDME Beijing’s business operations. The shareholders believed that the delegation of the decision-making authority to the board was necessary to protect the interests of minority shareholders and to enhance corporate governance.

 

In January 2005, we and our existing shareholders, Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE, entered into a shareholders’ agreement. In June 2005, we and these shareholders entered into a new shareholders’ agreement, which will replace the January 2005 shareholders’ agreement upon completion of this offering. Under the June 2005 shareholders’ agreement:

 

Ø   A representative of GE may attend all of our board meeting in a non-voting capacity.

 

Ø   GE and Golden Meditech and their respective affiliates will have complete access to, and full use of, clinical data of our subsidiary, YDME Beijing, relating to clinical cases from hospitals, other medical institutions and medical professionals using our HIFU therapy system in connection with their business, provided that we have first obtained the necessary consent. Such clinical data include hospital survey information, medical records, test reports and imaging records before and after treatment using our HIFU therapy system.

 

Ø   If any of Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE is offered a business opportunity that is primarily based in China and that competes with our HIFU business, it will provide us with notice of its intention to pursue such business opportunity and use reasonable efforts to enable us to participate in such project if we express an interest in doing so.

 

Ø   We will provide GE with notice of our intention to undertake any HIFU-related project, including, among other things:

 

  Ø   any project relating to any joint venture between us and Insightec;

 

  Ø   any expansion of our existing HIFU production facilities; or

 

  Ø   any development of new HIFU facilities anywhere in the world.

 

In addition, we will use reasonable efforts to enable GE to participate in such project if GE expresses an interest in doing so.

 

Ø   We have also granted GE a right of first refusal to act as the sole and exclusive distributor of our HIFU therapy system outside China. In the event that we sell or otherwise transfer all or substantially all of our assets or HIFU business, or as a result of a merger, we are no longer a surviving company, we will cause the transferee or the surviving company of the merger, as the case may be, to honor GE’s right of first refusal. We will also cause the transferee or the surviving company to continue purchasing the ultrasound imaging system from GE.

 

These rights and obligation may be terminated by written agreement among all our existing shareholders. If any existing shareholder’s ownership interest in our company falls below 5% of our outstanding shares, calculated on a fully diluted basis, such existing shareholder will cease to be a party to the June 2005 shareholders’ agreement and will no longer have any rights or obligations under this agreement.

 

 


 

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REGISTRATION RIGHTS

 

We entered into a registration rights agreement in January 2005 with Golden Meditech, GE and Green Wall. In February 2005, Asset Managers and Neon Liberty also became parties to the registration rights agreement as a result of the assignment of the registration rights in connection with their purchases of portions of the exchangeable note from Green Wall. Under the registration rights agreement, holders of shares having registration rights can demand that we file a registration statement or request that their shares be covered by a registration statement that we are otherwise filing.

 

Demand registration rights

 

At any time after the specific lock-up periods in connection with this offering has expired, the holders of at least 15% of shares having registration rights to demand, on four occasions, that we file a registration statement covering the offer and sale of their securities. If we are eligible to file a registration statement on Form F-3 or S-3, any holder of shares having registration rights has the right to demand that we file a registration statement under Form F-3 or S-3. We have the ability to delay the filing of a registration statement if we have a valid business reason to do so, provided that we may not utilize this right more than once in any 12 month period.

 

Piggyback registration rights

 

If we register any security for public sale, shareholders with registration rights will have the right to include their shares in the registration statement. The underwriters of any underwritten offering will have the right to limit the number of shares having registration rights to be included in the registration statement.

 

Expenses of registration

 

We will pay all expenses relating to any demand or piggyback registration other than broker’s commission or underwriter’s discount or commission relating to registration and sale of their securities being registered. However, we will not pay for the expenses of any demand registration if the request is subsequently withdrawn by the requesting shareholders, subject to limited exceptions.

 

STOCK OPTIONS

 

See “Management—Stock options.”

 


 

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Chinese government regulations

 

Our HIFU therapy system and ECLIA analyzer are medical devices and are subject to regulatory controls governing medical devices. Reagents used for IVD testings are divided into the categories of biological reagents and chemical and bio-chemical reagents. Biological reagents are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing pharmaceutical products, while chemical and bio-chemical reagents are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing medical devices. As a manufacturer of medical equipment and supplies we are subject to regulation and oversight by different levels of the food and drug administration in China, in particular, the State Food and Drug Administration, or the SFDA. We are also subject to other government laws and regulations which are applicable to manufacturers in general. SFDA requirements include obtaining production permits, compliance with clinical testing standards, manufacturing practices, quality standards, applicable industry standards and adverse event reporting, and advertising and packaging standards.

 

CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES

 

In China, medical devices are classified into three different categories, Class I, Class II and Class III, depending on the degree of risk associated with each medical device and the extent of control needed to ensure safety and effectiveness. Classification of a medical device is important because the class to which a medical device is assigned determines, among other things, whether a manufacturer needs to obtain a production permit and the level of regulatory authority involved in obtaining such permit. Classification of a device also determines the types of registration required and the level of regulatory authority involved in effecting the registration.

 

Class I devices are those with low risk to the human body and are subject to “general controls.” Class I devices are regulated by the city level food and drug administration where the manufacturer is located. Class II devices are those with medium risk to the human body and are subject to “special controls.” Class II devices require product certification, usually through a quality system assessment, and are regulated by the provincial level food and drug administration where the manufacturer is located. Class III devices are those with high risk to the human body, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, and are regulated by the SFDA under the strictest regulatory control.

 

Our HIFU therapy system is classified as a Class III device, and it therefore is subject to all regulatory controls governing Class III medical devices, as well as special regulations governing HIFU medical devices. Our ECLIA analyzer is classified as a Class II device.

 

PRODUCTION PERMIT

 

A manufacturer must obtain a production permit from the provincial level food and drug administration before commencing the manufacture of Class II and Class III medical devices. No production permit is required to manufacture Class I devices, but the manufacturer must notify the city level food and drug administration where the manufacturer is located. A production permit, once obtained, is valid for five years and is renewable upon expiration. Our production permit for the manufacture of our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA analyzer will expire on December 31, 2005. To renew a production permit, a manufacturer needs to submit to the provincial level food and drug administration an application to renew the permit, along with required information six months before the expiration date of the permit. We do not believe it will be difficult for us to renew our production permit.

 

 


 

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REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS

 

Before a medical device can be manufactured for commercial distribution, a manufacturer must effect medical device registration by proving the safety and effectiveness of the medical device to the satisfaction of respective levels of the food and drug administration. In order to conduct a clinical trial on a Class II or Class III medical device, the SFDA requires manufacturers to apply for and to obtain in advance a favorable inspection result for the device from an inspection center recognized by the SFDA. The application to the inspection center must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results. If the inspection center approves the application for clinical trial, and the respective levels of the food and drug administration approve the institutions which will conduct the clinical trials, the manufacturer may begin the clinical trial. A registration application for a Class II or Class III device must provide required pre-clinical and clinical trial data and information about the device and its components regarding, among other things, device design, manufacturing and labeling. The provincial level food and drug administration, within 60 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class II device, and the SFDA, within 90 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class III device, will notify the applicant whether the application for registration is approved. If approved, a registration certificate will be issued within ten days of the notification. If the food and drug administration requires supplemental information, the approval process may take much longer. The registration is valid for four years.

 

Clinical trials for our HIFU therapy system are also subject to SFDA regulation governing HIFU medical devices. Under this regulation, the minimal clinical trial period for a HIFU medical device is one year, with a minimum of 100 subjects participating and utilizing a minimum of two units of the HIFU medical device. Compliance with SFDA regulations on clinical investigations also includes satisfactory clinical reports from a minimum of two institutions which participated in the clinical trial, proper labeling of the device, obtaining informed consent from each subject, and compliance with monitoring and record-keeping requirements.

 

The SFDA may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, revise existing regulations or tighten enforcement, each of which could block or delay the approval process for a medical device. For example, in November 2001, the SFDA required additional clinical trials to be conducted if a manufacturer of HIFU medical devices seeks to increase the types of tumors its device is approved to treat. A 2003 regulation further specifies that a 100 patient clinical trial is required before any medical device can be approved for commercial production. We received SFDA approval for our first generation HIFU therapy system in September 1999 for the treatment of solid tumors in the pelvic cavity and the abdominal cavity. Solid tumors in the pelvic cavity include bladder, uterine, prostate and rectal tumors, uterine fibroids and prostate hypertrophy. Solid tumors in the abdominal cavity include pancreatic, rear abdominal, liver and kidney tumors and metastasis tumors of the abdominal lymph node. This approval expired in May 24, 2004 and we discontinued the production of our first generation HIFU therapy system in December 2002. The September 1999 approval that we obtained for our first generation HIFU therapy system is still valid for all units of our first generation HIFU therapy system which have been in use by hospitals since our approval expired. In January 2003, we received SFDA approval for our second generation HIFU Therapy system for the treatment of liver tumors, breast tumors, kidney tumors, solid tumors in the pelvic cavity, tumors in the four limbs or superficial tissues and solid tumors on bone. This approval is valid from January 25, 2003 to January 24, 2007 and we do not believe it will be difficult for us to renew this approval.

 

Beijing Weixiao received SFDA approval for the ECLIA analyzer in February 2004. After our ECLIA acquisition, we applied for the transfer of the SFDA approval to us and completed the transfer in March 2005. The SFDA approval we have obtained is valid from March 21, 2005 to March 20, 2009 and we do not believe it will be difficult for us to renew this approval.

 


 

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REGULATION OF IVD REAGENTS

 

Under a regulation enacted by the SFDA in September 2002, IVD reagents are divided into the categories of biological reagents and chemical and bio-chemical reagents. Biological reagents are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing pharmaceutical products, while chemical and bio-chemical reagents are subject to regulatory controls similar to those governing medical devices.

 

A manufacturer of pharmaceutical products must obtain a production permit from the food and drug administration at the provincial level. A production permit, once obtained, is valid for five years and is renewable upon expiration. Our production permit for the manufacture of reagents will expire on December 31, 2005. To renew the production permit, a manufacturer needs to submit to the provincial level food and drug administration an application to renew the permit, along with required information six months before the expiration date of the permit. We do not believe it will be difficult for us to renew our production permit. In addition, pharmaceutical manufacturing operations are also subject to periodic re-inspection and must comply with applicable quality regulations.

 

Prior to selling a pharmaceutical product, a manufacturer must obtain both SFDA registration of, and SFDA approval for the product it plans to sell. The registration process starts with submitting a registration dossier to the SFDA. The registration dossier contains primarily detailed information concerning the effectiveness and quality of the reagent. It also contains details concerning the manufacturing process and the production facilities. The registration process can last a few months and the timing depends on the nature of the pharmaceutical product under review, the quality of the data and the general efficiency of the SFDA. The approval process involves the detailed examination of the testing, effectiveness, labeling, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical products by the SFDA. We currently sell a total of 27 reagents in China. To date, nine of the 27 reagents have been registered with and approved by the SFDA. The registration processes for all of the other 18 reagents were initiated by either Beijing Weixiao, before we acquired the ECLIA technology, or us, after we acquired the ECLIA technology, and the registration dossiers for ten of those 18 reagents have been officially submitted to the SFDA and notices of acceptance for registration have been obtained. Beijing Weixiao will cause the transfer of all relevant registrations to us once it obtains them from the SFDA.

 

Although regulations require that both SFDA registration and approval be obtained before a biological reagent kit is sold and SFDA registration be obtained before a chemical or bio-chemical reagent kit is sold, we have sold many of our reagent kits without required registrations and/or approvals. In addition, we believe that the majority of reagent kits sold in China, including many reagent kits manufactured by our overseas-based competitors, are also sold without required registrations and/or approvals. Although no enforcement action by the SFDA has been brought against us to date, we cannot assure you that enforcement actions will not be brought against us or such enforcement actions, if brought, will not have a retroactive effect on us. These enforcement actions could result in fines, injunctions and civil penalties, recall or seizure of our products, the imposition of operating restrictions, partial suspension and complete shutdown of production and criminal prosecution. See “Risk factors—Risks related to doing business in China—Future changes in laws, regulations or enforcement policies in China could adversely affect our business.”

 

CONTINUING SFDA REGULATION

 

We are subject to continuing regulation by the SFDA. In the event of significant modification to an approved medical device, its labeling or its manufacturing process, a new pre-market approval or

 


 

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pre-market approval supplement may be required. Our HIFU therapy system and our ECLIA analyzer are subject to, among others, the following regulations:

 

Ø   SFDA’s quality system regulations which require manufacturers to create, implement and follow certain design, testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures;

 

Ø   medical device reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to the SFDA certain types of adverse reaction and other events involving their products; and

 

Ø   SFDA’s general prohibition against promoting products for unapproved uses.

 

Class II and III devices may also be subject to special controls applicable to them, such as supply purchase information, performance standards, quality inspection procedures and product testing devices which may not be required for Class I devices. We believe we are in compliance with the applicable SFDA guidelines, but we could be required to change our compliance activities or be subject to other special controls if the SFDA changes or modifies its existing regulations or adopts new requirements.

 

We are also subject to inspection and market surveillance by the SFDA to determine compliance with regulatory requirements. If the SFDA decides to enforce its regulations and rules, the agency can institute a wide variety of enforcement actions such as:

 

Ø   fines, injunctions and civil penalties;

 

Ø   recall or seizure of our products;

 

Ø   the imposition of operating restrictions, partial suspension or complete shutdown of production; and

 

Ø   criminal prosecution.

 

OTHER NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL LEVEL LAWS AND REGULATIONS

 

We are subject to changing regulation under many other laws and regulations administered by governmental authorities at the national, provincial and city levels, some of which are, or may be, applicable to our business. Our hospital customers are also subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations that could affect the nature and scope of their relationships with us.

 

Laws regulating medical device manufacturers and hospitals cover a broad array of subjects. For example, regulations control the confidentiality of patient medical information and the circumstances under which patient medical information may be released for inclusion in our databases, or released by us to third parties. These laws and regulations governing both the disclosure and the use of confidential patient medical information may become more restrictive in the future.

 

We must also comply with numerous additional state and local laws relating to matters such as safe working conditions, manufacturing practices, environmental protection and fire hazard control. We believe we are currently in compliance with these laws and regulations. We cannot assure you that we will not be required to incur significant costs to comply with these laws and regulations in the future or that these laws or regulations or compliance with them will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial conditions. Unanticipated changes in existing regulatory requirements or adoption of new requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

 


 

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REGULATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE AND DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION

 

Foreign currency exchange

 

Foreign currency exchange regulation in China is primarily governed by the following rules:

 

Ø   Foreign Currency Administration Rules (1996), as amended, or the Exchange Rules; and

 

Ø   Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), or the Administration Rules;

 

Under the Exchange Rules, the Renminbi is convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions. Conversion of Renminbi for capital account items, such as direct investment, loan, security investment and repatriation of investment, however, is still subject to the approval of the SAFE.

 

Under the Administration Rules, foreign-invested enterprises may only buy, sell and/or remit foreign currencies at those banks authorized to conduct foreign exchange business after providing valid commercial documents and, in the case of capital account item transactions, obtaining approval from the SAFE. Capital investments by foreign-invested enterprises outside of China are also subject to limitations, which include approvals by the Ministry of Commerce, the SAFE and the State Reform and Development Commission.

 

Dividend distribution

 

The principal regulations governing distribution of dividends paid by wholly foreign owned enterprises include:

 

Ø   Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise Law (1986), as amended; and

 

Ø   Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise Law Implementation Rules (1990), as amended.

 

Under these regulations, foreign-invested enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, foreign-invested enterprises in China are required to set aside certain amounts out of their accumulated profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.

 

Regulation of foreign exchange in certain onshore and offshore transactions

 

Under recent notices issued by the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, PRC residents are required to register with and receive approvals from SAFE in connection with offshore investment activities. SAFE has stated that the purpose of these notices is to ensure the proper balance of foreign exchange and the standardization of the cross-border flow of funds.

 

In January 2005, SAFE issued a notice stating that SAFE approval is required for any sale or transfer by PRC residents of a PRC company’s assets or equity interests to foreign entities in exchange for the equity interests or assets of the foreign entities. The notice also states that, when registering with the foreign exchange authorities, a PRC company acquired by an offshore company must clarify whether the offshore company is controlled or owned by PRC residents and whether there is any share or asset link between or among the parties to the acquisition transaction.

 

 


 

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In April 2005, SAFE issued another notice further explaining and expanding upon the January notice. The April notice clarified that, where a PRC company is acquired by an offshore company in which PRC residents directly or indirectly hold shares, such PRC residents must (i) register with the local SAFE branch regarding their respective ownership interests in the offshore company, even if the transaction occurred prior to the January notice, and (ii) file amendments to such registration concerning any material events of the offshore company, such as changes in share capital and share transfers. The April notice also expanded the statutory definition of the term “foreign acquisition,” making the notices applicable to any transaction that results in PRC residents directly or indirectly holding shares in the offshore company that has an ownership interest in a PRC company. The April notice also provides that failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth therein may result in the imposition of restrictions on the PRC company’s foreign exchange activities and its ability to distribute profits to its offshore parent company.

 

As a Cayman Islands company and, therefore a foreign entity, if we purchase the assets or equity interest of a PRC company owned by PRC residents, such PRC residents will be subject to the registration procedures described in the notices. Moreover, PRC residents who are beneficial holders of our shares are required to register with SAFE in connection with their investment in us.

 

As a result of the lack of implementing rules and other uncertainties concerning how the SAFE notices will be interpreted or implemented, we cannot predict how they will affect our business operations or future strategy. For example, our present or prospective PRC subsidiaries’ ability to conduct foreign exchange activities, such as remittance of dividends and foreign-currency-denominated borrowings, may be subject to compliance with the SAFE registration requirements by such PRC residents, over whom we have no control. In addition, we cannot assure you that such PRC residents will be able to complete the necessary approval and registration procedures required by the SAFE notices. We have required Mr. Xiaodong Wu, who is the shareholder of Chengxuan and a PRC resident and subject to the above registration requirements, to comply with the SAFE registration requirements, although we have no control over either Mr. Wu or the outcome of such registration procedures. Such uncertainties may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and adversely affect our business and prospects.

 


 

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Description of share capital

 

We are an exempted Cayman Islands with limited liability and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, and the Companies Law (2004 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, which is referred to as the Companies Law below.

 

As of the date hereof, our authorized share capital consists of 500,000,000 ordinary shares, par value of US$0.10 each. As of the date hereof, there are 200,000,001 ordinary shares issued and outstanding.

 

Upon completion of this offering, we will adopt our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. The following are summaries of material provisions of our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law insofar as they relate to the material terms of our ordinary shares.

 

ORDINARY SHARES

 

General

 

All of our outstanding ordinary shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Certificates representing the ordinary shares are issued in registered form. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their ordinary shares.

 

Dividends

 

The holders of our ordinary shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors subject to the Companies Law.

 

Voting rights

 

Each ordinary share is entitled to one vote on all matters upon which the ordinary shares are entitled to vote. Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairman of our board of directors or any shareholder present in person or by proxy.

 

A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of shareholders who hold at least one-third of our ordinary shares at the meeting present in person or by proxy or, if a corporation or other non-natural person, by its duly authorized representative. Shareholders’ meetings are held annually and may be convened by our board of directors on its own initiative or upon a request to the directors by shareholders holding in aggregate at least ten percent of our ordinary shares. Advance notice of at least seven days is required for the convening of our annual general meeting and other shareholders meetings.

 

An ordinary resolution to be passed by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the ordinary shares cast in a general meeting, while a special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the ordinary shares. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name or making changes to our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

 

Transfer of ordinary shares

 

Subject to the restrictions of our articles of association, as applicable, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her ordinary shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or any other form approved by our board.

 


 

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Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share which is not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our directors may also decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share unless

 

Ø   the instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the ordinary shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;

 

Ø   the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of ordinary shares;

 

Ø   the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required;

 

Ø   in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the ordinary share is to be transferred does not exceed four; or

 

Ø   the ordinary shares transferred are free of any lien in favor of us.

 

If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal. The registration of transfers may, on 14 days’ notice being given by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by electronic means, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year.

 

Liquidation

 

On a return of capital on winding up or otherwise (other than on conversion, redemption or purchase of ordinary shares), assets available for distribution among the holders of ordinary shares shall be distributed among the holders of the ordinary shares on a pro rata basis. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, the assets will be distributed so that the losses are borne by our shareholders proportionately.

 

Calls on ordinary shares and forfeiture of ordinary shares

 

Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their ordinary shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The ordinary shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid on the specified time are subject to forfeiture.

 

Redemption of ordinary shares

 

Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, we may issue shares on terms that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by our second amended and restated articles of association.

 

Variations of rights of shares

 

All or any of the special rights attached to any class of shares may, subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, be varied either with the unanimous written consent of the holders of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.

 

 


 

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Inspection of books and records

 

Holders of our ordinary shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records. However, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited consolidated financial statements. See “Where you can find additional information.”

 

Changes in capital

 

We may from time to time by ordinary resolutions:

 

Ø   increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe;

 

Ø   consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of a larger amount than our existing shares;

 

Ø   sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them into shares of a smaller amount provided that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived;

 

Ø   cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled.

 

We may by special resolution reduce our share capital and any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law.

 

DIFFERENCES IN CORPORATE LAW

 

The Companies Law is modeled after English law but does not follow many recent English law statutory enactments. In addition, the Companies Law differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.

 

Mergers and similar arrangements

 

Cayman Islands law does not provide for mergers as that expression is understood under United States corporate law. However, there are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, provided that the arrangement is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent three-fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:

 

Ø   the statutory provisions as to the dual majority vote have been met;

 

Ø   the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question;

 

Ø   the arrangement is such that a businessman would reasonably approve; and

 

Ø   the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law.

 


 

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When a take-over offer is made and accepted (within four months) by holders of 90.0% of the shares affected, the offerer may, within a two month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.

 

If the arrangement and reconstruction is thus approved, the dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of United States corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.

 

Shareholders’ suits

 

We are not aware of any reported class action or derivative action having been brought in a Cayman Islands court. In principle, the company itself will normally be the proper plaintiff in actions against directors, and derivative actions may not generally be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, there are exceptions to the foregoing principle, including when:

 

Ø   a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires;

 

Ø   the act complained of, although not ultra vires, required a special resolution, which was not obtained; and

 

Ø   those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.”

 

Directors’ fiduciary duties

 

Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

 

As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company—a duty to act bona fide in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a profit out of his position as director (unless the company permits him to do so) and a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his personal interest or his duty to a third-party. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.

 


 

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Shareholder action by written consent

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. Cayman Islands law and our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, provide that shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a unanimous written resolution signed by or on behalf of each shareholder who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting without a meeting being held.

 

Shareholder proposals

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings. Cayman Islands law and our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, allow our shareholders holding not less than 10 per cent of the paid up voting share capital of the Company to requisition a shareholder’s meeting. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, we are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. However, our second amended and restated articles of association require us to call such meetings.

 

Cumulative voting

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. As permitted under Cayman Islands law, our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, will not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

 

Removal of directors

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, directors can be removed with cause, but only by the vote of holders of two-thirds of our shares, cast at a general meeting, or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders, or upon written notice by the shareholder who nominated such director any time for any reason.

 

Transactions with interested shareholders

 

The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting stock within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in

 


 

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which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware public corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.

 

Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.

 

Dissolution; Winding up

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands and our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, our company may be dissolved, liquidated or wound up only by the vote of holders of two-thirds of our shares voting at a meeting or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders.

 

Variation of rights of shares

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law and our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, we may vary the rights attached to any class only with the vote at a class meeting of holders of two-thirds of the shares of such class or unanimous written resolution.

 

Amendment of governing documents

 

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. As permitted by Cayman Islands law, our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may only be amended with the vote of holders of two-thirds of our shares voting at a meeting or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders.

 

Indemnification of directors and executive officers and limitation of liability

 

Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, will permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty, fraud or default of such directors or officers. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General

 


 

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Corporation Law to a Delaware corporation. In addition, we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors and senior executive officers that will provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

 

Anti-takeover provisions in the second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association

 

Some provisions of the second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to be adopted in connection with this offering may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that authorize our board of directors to issue preference shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preference shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders.

 

However, under Cayman Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.

 

Rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders

 

There are no limitations imposed by our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

 

Inspection of books and records

 

Holders of our ordinary shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or corporate records. However, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited consolidated financial statements.

 

HISTORY OF SHARE ISSUANCES

 

Our predecessor and directly wholly-owned subsidiary YDME Beijing was co-founded in July 1999 by Beijing Chengxuan (with 70% equity interest) and PUPH (with 30% equity interest). In November 2000, Beijing Chengxuan purchased 20% of PUPH’s ownership interest in YDME Beijing for RMB10 million and subsequently sold 32% of its ownership interests in YDME Beijing to five additional investors for RMB24.7 million. In March 2003, through a private placement, YDME Beijing issued 16,775,000 and 10,065,000 ordinary shares to Golden Meditech and GE, for 25% and 15% ownership interests, respectively, in YDME Beijing. In June 2004, Beijing Chengxuan acquired 25.2% ownership interests of YDME Beijing from PUPH and the group of five investors for RMB42.1 million (US$5.1 million), after which the ownership interests of Beijing Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE in YDME Beijing became 60%, 25% and 15%, respectively. In June 2004, Chengxuan acquired all of Beijing Chengxuan’s

 


 

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ownership interests in YDME Beijing for US$8.5 million. In November 2004, GE purchased 4.99% ownership interests of YDME Beijing from Chengxuan for US$1.1 million, after which the ownership interests of Chengxuan, Golden Meditech and GE in YDME Beijing became 55.01%, 25% and 19.99%, respectively. We created a holding company structure by incorporating China Medical Technologies, Inc. in the Cayman Islands in July 2004. In January 2005, through a corporate reorganization, YDME Beijing became our wholly-owned subsidiary. As part of this corporate reorganization, Chengxuan, GE and Golden Meditech subscribed for 110,020,000, 39,980,000 and 50,000,000 of our ordinary shares, respectively, in exchange for their respective outstanding ownership interests in YDME Beijing.

 

In connection with its purchase of Beijing Chengxuan’s ownership interests in YDME Beijing, in July 2004, Chengxuan issued to Green Wall a US$8.5 million exchangeable note at an annual interest rate of 10%. The term of the note is one year, and the holder of the note has the right, at any time, to exchange the note for the numbers of ordinary shares in our company representing 10% ownership interests of YDME Beijing. The note will be automatically exchanged into 20,000,000 of our ordinary shares held by Chengxuan upon completion of this offering. In February 2005, Green Wall resold 30% of the exchangeable note to Asset Managers for US$5.0 million and 50% of the exchangeable note to Neon Liberty for US$8.5 million, respectively. Upon completion of this offering, Green Wall, Asset Managers and Neon Liberty will hold 4,000,001, 6,000,000 and 9,999,999 shares of our ordinary shares, respectively.

 

In February 2005, we adopted our 2005 stock option plan and reserved 30,000,000 ordinary shares for issuance under our 2005 stock option plan. We have granted options to two of our directors. As of March 31, 2005, options to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 ordinary shares of our company were outstanding. See “Management—Stock option.”

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS

 

See “Related party transaction—Registration rights.”

 


 

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Description of American Depositary Shares

 

Citibank, N.A., as the depositary under the deposit agreement, will deliver the American Depositary Shares representing ordinary shares of the par value of US$0.10 per ordinary share of China Medical Technologies, Inc. (incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands) and its successors, also referred to as ADSs. ADSs may be represented by certificates that are commonly known as “American Depositary Receipts” or “ADRs”. Each ADS will represent 10 ordinary shares (or the right to receive 10 ordinary shares) deposited with Citibank, N.A.—Hong Kong branch, as custodian. Each ADS will also represent securities, cash or other property deposited with the depositary but not distributed to ADS holders. The depositary’s principal office at which the ADSs will be administered is located at 388 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10013. A copy of the deposit agreement is on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under cover of a registration statement on Form F-6. You may obtain a copy of the deposit agreement from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public Reference Room located at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20549 or from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

As an owner of ADSs, you may hold your ADSs either by means of an ADR registered in your name, through a brokerage or safekeeping account, or through an account established by the depositary in your name reflecting the registration of uncertificated ADSs directly on the books of the depositary (commonly referred to as the “direct registration system” or “DRS”). The direct registration system reflects the uncertificated (book-entry) registration of ownership of ADSs by the depositary. Under the direct registration system, ownership of ADSs is evidenced by periodic statements issued by the depositary to the holders of the ADSs. The direct registration system includes automated transfers between the depositary and The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, the central book-entry clearing and settlement system for equity securities in the United States. If you decide to hold your ADSs through your brokerage or safekeeping account, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or bank to assert your rights as ADS owner. Banks and brokers typically hold securities such as the ADSs through clearing and settlement systems such as DTC. The procedures of such clearing and settlement systems may limit your ability to exercise your rights as an owner of ADSs. Please consult with your broker or bank if you have any questions concerning these limitations and procedures. This summary description assumes you have opted to own the ADSs directly by means of an ADS registered in your name and, as such, we will refer to you as the “holder.” When we refer to “you,” we assume the reader owns ADSs and will own ADSs at the relevant time.

 

As an ADS holder, we will not treat you as one of our shareholders and you will not have shareholder rights. The depositary will be the holder of the ordinary shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. A deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and the beneficial owners of ADSs set out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York law governs the deposit agreement and the ADSs.

 

We are providing you with a summary of the deposit agreement. You should read this summary together with the deposit agreement and the form of ADR attached thereto.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

 

As an ADS holder, you generally have the right to receive the distributions we make on the securities deposited with the custodian. Your receipt of these distributions may be limited, however, by practical considerations and legal limitations. Holders will receive such distributions under the terms of the deposit agreement in proportion to the number of ADSs held as of a specified record date.

 


 

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Distributions of cash

 

Whenever we make a cash distribution for the securities on deposit with the custodian, we will deposit the funds with the custodian. Upon receipt of confirmation of the deposit of the requisite funds, the depositary will arrange for the funds to be converted into U.S. dollars and for the distribution of the U.S. dollars to the ADS holders.

 

The conversion into U.S. dollars will take place only if practicable and if the U.S. dollars are transferable to the United States. The amounts distributed to ADS holders will be net of the fees, expenses, taxes and governmental charges payable by holders under the terms of the deposit agreement. The depositary will apply the same method for distributing the proceeds of the sale of any property (such as undistributed rights) held by the custodian in respect of securities on deposit.

 

Distributions of ordinary shares

 

Whenever we make a free distribution of ordinary shares for the securities on deposit with the custodian, we will deposit the applicable number of ordinary shares with the custodian. Upon receipt of confirmation of such deposit, the depositary will either distribute to holders new ADSs representing the ordinary shares deposited or modify the ADS-to-ordinary shares ratio, in which case each ADS you hold will represent rights and interests in the additional ordinary shares so deposited. Only whole number of new ADSs will be distributed. Fractional entitlements will be sold and the proceeds of such sale will be distributed as in the case of a cash distribution.

 

The distribution of new ADSs or the modification of the ADS-to-ordinary shares ratio upon a distribution of ordinary shares will be made net of the fees, expenses, taxes and governmental charges payable by holders under the terms of the deposit agreement. In order to pay such taxes or governmental charges, the depositary may sell all or a portion of the new ordinary shares so distributed.

 

No such distribution of new ADSs will be made if it would violate a law (i.e., the U.S. securities laws) or if it is not operationally practicable. If the depositary does not distribute new ADSs as described above, it may sell the ordinary shares received upon the terms described in the deposit agreement and will distribute the proceeds of the sale as in the case of a distribution of cash.

 

Distributions of rights

 

Whenever we intend to distribute rights to purchase additional ordinary shares, we will give prior notice to the depositary and we will assist the depositary in determining whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to distribute rights to purchase additional ADSs to ADS holders. If registration under the Securities Act, or other applicable law is required, the depositary will not offer you the rights unless a registration statement covering the distribution of the rights and the underlying securities to all our ADS holders is effective. We are under no obligation to file a registration statement for any of these rights or underlying securities or to endeavor to cause a registration statement to be declared effective.

 

The depositary will establish procedures to distribute rights to purchase additional ADSs to ADS holders and to enable such ADS holders to exercise such rights only if the depositary determines that it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make the rights available to holders of ADSs, we make timely request that such rights be made available to ADS holders, and we provide all of the documentation contemplated in the deposit agreement (such as opinions to address the lawfulness of the transaction). You may have to pay fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges to subscribe for the new ADSs upon the exercise of your rights. The depositary is not obligated to establish procedures to facilitate the distribution and exercise by holders of rights to purchase new ordinary shares other than in the form of ADSs.

 


 

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The depositary will not distribute the rights to you if:

 

Ø   We do not timely request that the rights be distributed to you or we request that the rights not be distributed to you; or

 

Ø   We fail to deliver satisfactory documents to the depositary; or

 

Ø   It is not reasonably practicable to distribute the rights.

 

The depositary will sell the rights that are not exercised or not distributed if such sale is lawful and reasonably practicable. The proceeds of such sale will be distributed to holders as in the case of a cash distribution. If the depositary is unable to sell the rights, it will allow the rights to lapse.

 

Elective distributions

 

Whenever we intend to distribute a dividend payable at the election of shareholders either in cash or in additional ordinary shares, we will give prior notice thereof to the depositary and will indicate whether we wish the elective distribution to be made available to you. In such case, we will assist the depositary in determining whether such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable.

 

The depositary will make the election available to you only if the depositary determines that it is reasonably practical to make such distribution, we make timely request that such distribution be made available to you, and we have provided all of the documentation contemplated in the deposit agreement. In such case, the depositary will establish procedures to enable you to elect to receive either cash or additional ADSs, in each case as described in the deposit agreement.

 

If the election is not made available to you, you will receive either cash or additional ADSs, depending on what a shareholder in the Cayman Islands would receive upon failing to make an election, as more fully described in the deposit agreement.

 

Other distributions

 

Whenever we intend to distribute property other than cash, ordinary shares or rights to purchase additional ordinary shares, we will notify the depositary in advance and will indicate whether we wish such distribution to be made to you. If so, we will assist the depositary in determining whether such distribution to holders is lawful and reasonably practicable.

 

If the depositary determines that it is reasonably practicable to distribute such property to you, if we make timely request that such distribution be made available to you, and if we provide all of the documentation contemplated in the deposit agreement, the depositary will distribute the property to the holders in a manner it deems practicable.

 

The distribution will be made net of fees, expenses, taxes and governmental charges payable by holders under the terms of the deposit agreement. In order to pay such taxes and governmental charges, the depositary may sell all or a portion of the property received.

 

The depositary will not distribute the property to you and will sell the property if:

 

Ø   We do not request that the property be distributed to you or if we ask that the property not be distributed to you; or

 

Ø   We do not deliver satisfactory documents to the depositary; or

 

 


 

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Ø   The depositary determines that all or a portion of the distribution to you is not reasonably practicable.

 

The proceeds of such a sale will be distributed to holders as in the case of a cash distribution.

 

CHANGES AFFECTING ORDINARY SHARES

 

The ordinary shares held on deposit for your ADSs may change from time to time. For example, there may be a change in nominal or par value, a split-up, cancellation, consolidation or reclassification of such ordinary shares or a recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation or sale of assets.

 

If any such change were to occur, your ADSs would, to the extent permitted by law, represent the right to receive the property received or exchanged in respect of the ordinary shares held on deposit. The depositary may in such circumstances deliver new ADSs to you or call for the exchange of your existing ADSs for new ADSs. If the depositary may not lawfully distribute such property to you, the depositary may sell such property and distribute the net proceeds to you as in the case of a cash distribution.

 

ISSUANCE OF ADSs UPON DEPOSIT OF ORDINARY SHARES

 

The depositary may create ADSs on your behalf if you or your broker deposit ordinary shares with the custodian. The depositary will deliver these ADSs to the person you indicate only after you pay any applicable issuance fees and any charges and taxes payable for the transfer of the ordinary shares to the custodian. Your ability to deposit ordinary shares and receive ADSs may be limited by U.S. and Cayman Islands legal considerations applicable at the time of deposit.

 

The issuance of ADSs may be delayed until the depositary or the custodian receives confirmation that all required approvals have been given, that payment has been made to the depositary of the fees and charges of the depositary for accepting a deposit, issuing ADSs and all taxes and governmental charges and fees payable in connection with such deposit and the transfer of ordinary shares and the issuance of ADSs, and that the ordinary shares have been duly transferred to the custodian. The depositary will only issue ADSs in whole numbers.

 

When you make a deposit of ordinary shares, you will be responsible for transferring good and valid title to the depositary. As such, you will be deemed to represent and warrant that:

 

Ø   The ordinary shares are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, non-assessable and legally obtained.

 

Ø   All preemptive (and similar) rights, if any, with respect to such ordinary shares have been validly waived or exercised.

 

Ø   You are duly authorized to deposit the ordinary shares.

 

Ø   The ordinary shares presented for deposit are free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, charge, mortgage or adverse claim, and are not, and the ADSs issuable upon such deposit will not be, “restricted securities”, as defined in the deposit agreement.

 

Ø   The ordinary shares presented for deposit have not been stripped of any rights or entitlements.

 

If any of the representations or warranties are incorrect in any way, we and the depositary may, at your cost and expense, take any and all actions necessary to correct the consequences of the misrepresentations.

 

TRANSFER, COMBINATION AND SPLIT-UP OF ADRs

 

As an ADS holder, you will be entitled to transfer, combine or split up your ADRs and the ADSs evidenced thereby. For transfers of ADRs, you will have to surrender the ADRs to be transferred to the depositary and also must:

 

Ø   ensure that the surrendered ADR certificate is properly endorsed or otherwise in proper form for transfer;

 

 


 

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Ø   provide such proof of identity and genuineness of signatures as the depositary deems appropriate;

 

Ø   provide any transfer stamps required by the State of New York or the United States; and

 

Ø   pay all applicable fees, charges, expenses, taxes and other government charges payable by ADS holders under the terms of the deposit agreement, upon the transfer of ADRs.

 

To have your ADRs either combined or split-up, you must surrender the ADRs in question to the depositary with your request to have them combined or split-up, and you must pay all applicable fees, charges and expenses payable by ADS holders, under the terms of the deposit agreement, upon a combination or split-up of ADRs.

 

WITHDRAWAL OF ORDINARY SHARES UPON CANCELLATION OF ADSs

 

As a holder, you will be entitled to present your ADSs to the depositary for cancellation and then receive the corresponding number of underlying ordinary shares at the custodian’s offices. Your ability to withdraw the ordinary shares may be limited by U.S. and Cayman Islands law considerations applicable at the time of withdrawal. In order to withdraw the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs, you will be required to pay to the depositary the fees for cancellation of ADSs and any charges and taxes payable upon the transfer of the ordinary shares being withdrawn. You assume the risk for delivery of all funds and securities upon withdrawal. Once canceled, the ADSs will not have any rights under the deposit agreement.

 

If you hold ADSs registered in your name, the depositary may ask you to provide proof of identity and genuineness of any signature and such other documents as the depositary may deem appropriate before it will cancel your ADSs. The withdrawal of the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs may be delayed until the depositary receives satisfactory evidence of compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. The depositary will only accept ADSs for cancellation that represent a whole number of securities on deposit. If you surrender a number of ADSs for withdrawal representing other than a whole number of ordinary shares, the depositary will either return the number of ADSs representing any remaining fractional ordinary shares or sell or cause to be sold the fractional ordinary shares represented by the ADSs you surrendered and remit the net proceeds of that sale to you net of fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges.

 

You will have the right to withdraw the securities represented by your ADSs at any time except for:

 

Ø   Temporary delays that may arise because (i) the transfer books for the ordinary shares or ADSs are closed, or (ii) ordinary shares are immobilized on account of a shareholders’ meeting or a payment of dividends.

 

Ø   Obligations to pay fees, taxes and similar charges.

 

Ø   Restrictions imposed because of laws or regulations applicable to ADSs or the withdrawal of securities on deposit.

 

The deposit agreement may not be modified to impair your right to withdraw the securities represented by your ADSs except to comply with mandatory provisions of law.

 

VOTING RIGHTS

 

Voting at our shareholders meetings is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairman of our board of directors or any shareholder present in person or by proxy. In the event of voting by show of hands, the depositary will vote the shares underlying the ADSs in

 


 

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accordance with the voting instructions received from a majority of holders of ADSs that provided timely voting instructions. In the event of poll voting, the depositary will vote the share underlying the ADSs in accordance with the voting instructions it receives from ADS Holders. In the event of poll voting, shares underlying the ADSs for which no instructions are received will not be voted by the depositary.

 

As an ADS holder, you generally have the right under the deposit agreement to instruct the depositary to exercise the voting rights for the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs. The voting rights of holders of ordinary shares are described in this prospectus under “Description of share capital—Voting rights”.

 

At our request, the depositary will distribute to you any notice of shareholders’ meeting received from us together with information explaining how to instruct the depositary to exercise the voting rights of the securities represented by ADSs.

 

If the depositary timely receives voting instructions from a holder of ADSs, it will endeavor to vote the securities represented by the holder’s ADSs in accordance with such voting instructions. If the depositary timely receives voting instructions from a holder of ADSs, the depositary will cause the ordinary shares on deposit to be voted as follows: (a) in the event voting takes place at a shareholders’ meeting by show of hands, the depositary will instruct the custodian to vote all ordinary shares on deposit in accordance with the voting instructions received from a majority of the holders of ADSs who provided voting instructions; or (b) in the event voting takes place at a shareholders’ meeting by poll, the depositary will instruct the custodian to vote the ordinary shares on deposit in accordance with the voting instructions received from holders of ADSs. In the event of voting by poll, ordinary shares in respect of which no timely voting instructions have been received will not be voted.

 

Please note that the ability of the depositary to carry out voting instructions may be limited by practical and legal limitations and the terms of the securities on deposit. We cannot assure you that you will receive voting materials in time to enable you to return voting instructions to the depositary in a timely manner. Securities for which no voting instructions have been received will not be voted.

 

NOTICES AND REPORTS

 

The depositary will make available for inspection by ADS holders at its principal office any reports and communications, including any proxy soliciting material, received from us, which are both (a) received by the depositary as the holder of the deposited securities, and (b) made generally available to the holders of such deposited securities by us. However, such inspection shall not be for the purpose of communicating with holders of ADSs in the interest of a business or object other than the business of our company, or matters relating to the deposit agreement or the ADSs. The depositary will also, upon our written request, send to the ADS holders copies of such reports when furnished by us under the deposit agreement. Any such reports and communications, including any proxy soliciting material, furnished to the depositary by us will be furnished in English.

 


 

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FEES AND CHARGES

 

Purchasers of our ADSs in this initial public offering are not required to pay issuance fees with respect to the ADSs they purchase. As an ADS holder, you will be required to pay the following service fees to the depositary:

 

Service    Fees

Ø Issuance of ADSs after completion of this offering

   Up to US$0.05 per ADS issued

Ø Cancellation of ADSs

   Up to US$0.05 per ADS canceled

Ø Distribution of cash dividends or other cash distributions

   Up to US$0.02 per ADS held

Ø Distribution of ADSs under stock dividends, free stock distributions or exercise of rights.

   Up to US$0.05 per ADS issued

Ø Distribution of securities other than ADSs or rights to purchase additional ADSs

   Up to US$0.05 per share (or share equivalent) distributed

Ø Annual Depositary Services Fee

   Annually up to US$0.02 per ADS held at the end of each calendar year, except to the extent of any cash dividend fee(s) charged during such calendar year

Ø Transfer of ADRs

   US$1.50 per certificate presented for transfer

 

If the annual depositary services fee is to be charged to owners of ADSs by the depositary, the depositary will invoice and collect such fee, net of any cash dividend fee previously charged to holders of ADSs during the calendar year, from participants in DTC on behalf of owners of ADSs or directly from holders of ADSs (in the case of registered holders of ADSs). In the event such annual depositary services fee is not paid by or on behalf of an ADS holder, the depositary reserves the right to offset the unpaid depositary services fee from any amounts to be subsequently distributed to such ADS holder, including from cash dividends or other distributions.

 

As an ADS holder you will also be responsible to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the depositary and certain taxes and governmental charges such as:

 

Ø   Fees for the transfer and registration of ordinary shares charged by the registrar and transfer agent for the ordinary shares in Cayman Islands, (i.e., upon deposit and withdrawal of ordinary shares).

 

Ø   Expenses incurred for converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars.

 

Ø   Expenses for cable, telex and fax transmissions and for delivery of securities.

 

Ø   Taxes and duties upon the transfer of securities (i.e., when ordinary shares are deposited or withdrawn from deposit).

 

Ø   Fees and expenses incurred in connection with the delivery or servicing of ordinary shares on deposit.

 

Such fees and expenses as are incurred by the depositary in connection with compliance with exchange control regulations and other regulatory requirements applicable to the ordinary shares, ordinary shares on deposit, ADSs and ADRs.

 

We have agreed to pay certain other charges and expenses of the depositary. Note that the fees and charges you may be required to pay may vary over time and may be changed by us and by the depositary. You will receive prior notice of such changes. The Depositary shall provide without charge, a copy of its latest fee schedule to anyone upon request.

 


 

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PAYMENT OF TAXES

 

You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADSs or on the deposited securities underlying your ADSs. The depositary may refuse to transfer your ADSs or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities underlying your ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited securities underlying your ADSs to pay any taxes owed and you will remain liable for any deficiency. If it sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.

 

AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

 

How may the deposit agreement be amended?

 

We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the ADRs at any time without your consent for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary for registration fees, facsimile costs, delivery charges or similar items, or materially prejudices a substantial right of ADS holders, it will not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary notifies you of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADS, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADRs and the deposit agreement as amended.

 

How may the deposit agreement be terminated?

 

The depositary will terminate the deposit agreement if we ask it to do so. The depositary may also terminate the deposit agreement if the depositary has told us that it would like to resign and we have not appointed a new depositary bank within 90 days. In either case, the depositary must notify you at least 30 days before termination.

 

After termination, the depositary and its agents will do the following under the deposit agreement but nothing else:

 

Ø   For a period of six months after termination, you will be able to request the cancellation of your ADSs and the withdrawal of the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs and the delivery of all other property held by the depositary in respect of those ordinary shares on the same terms as prior to the termination. During this six-months period, the depositary will continue to collect all distributions received on the ordinary shares on deposit, but will not register the transfer of ADSs or distribute any property to you until you surrender your ADSs for cancellation.

 

Ø   After the expiration of this six-months period, the depositary may sell the securities held on deposit. The depositary will hold the proceeds from such sale and any other funds then held for the ADS holders in an unsegregated account without liability for interest for the pro rata benefit of the holders of ADSs who have not surrendered their ADSs. At that point, the depositary will have no further obligations to ADS holders other than to account for the funds then held for the ADS holders still outstanding.

 

BOOKS OF DEPOSITARY

 

The depositary will maintain a record of ADS holders and any reports and communications, including proxy soliciting materials, received from us which are received by the depositary or the custodian or made generally available to the holders of the deposited securities, and the registrar shall keep books for the registration of ADSs at its office. You may inspect such records at such office during regular business hours but solely for the purpose of communicating with other holders in the interest of business matters relating to the ADSs and the deposit agreement.

 


 

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The depositary will maintain in The City of New York facilities to record and process the issuance, cancellation, combination, split-up and transfer of ADRs. These facilities may be closed from time to time, to the extent not prohibited by law.

 

LIMITATIONS ON OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES

 

The deposit agreement limits our obligations and the depositary’s obligations to you. Please note the following:

 

Ø   We and the depositary are obligated only to take the actions specifically stated in the deposit agreement without negligence or bad faith.

 

Ø   The depositary disclaims any liability for any failure to carry out voting instructions, for any manner in which a vote is cast or for the effect of any vote, provided it acts in good faith and in accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement.

 

Ø   The depositary disclaims any liability for any failure to determine the lawfulness or practicality of any action, for the content of any document forwarded to you on our behalf or for the accuracy of any translation of such a document, for the investment risks associated with investing in ordinary shares, for the validity or worth of the ordinary shares, for any tax consequences that result from the ownership of ADSs, for the credit-worthiness of any third party, for allowing any rights to lapse under the terms of the deposit agreement, for the timeliness of any of our notices or for our failure to give notice.

 

Ø   We and the depositary will not be obligated to perform any act that is inconsistent with the terms of the deposit agreement.

 

Ø   We and the depositary disclaim any liability if we are prevented or forbidden from acting on account of any law or regulation, any provision of our Articles of Association and Memorandum, any provision of any securities on deposit or by reason of any act of God or war or other circumstances beyond our control.

 

Ø   We and the depositary disclaim any liability by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for the deposit agreement or in our Articles of Association and Memorandum or in any provisions of securities on deposit.

 

Ø   We and the depositary further disclaim any liability for any action or inaction in reliance on the advice or information received from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting ordinary shares for deposit, any holder of ADSs or authorized representatives thereof, or any other person believed by either of us in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information.

 

Ø   We and the depositary also disclaim liability for the inability by an ADS holder to benefit from any distribution, offering, right or other benefit which is made available to holders of ordinary shares but is not, under the terms of the deposit agreement, made available to you.

 

Ø   We and the depositary may rely without any liability upon any written notice, request or other document believed to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper parties.

 

Ø   We and the depositary also disclaim liability for any consequential or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the deposit agreement.

 

PRE-RELEASE OF ADSs

 

The deposit agreement permits the depositary to issue ADSs before deposit of the underlying ordinary shares or to deliver ordinary shares before receipt of ADSs for withdrawal of the underlying ordinary shares. Each is called a pre-release transaction. The depositary may engage in a pre-release transaction only under the following conditions:

 

Ø   before or at the time of the pre-release transaction, the person to whom the pre-release transaction is being made must represent to the depositary in writing that it or its customer

 

  Ø   at the time of the pre-release transaction owns the ordinary shares or ADSs to be delivered by him/her/it,

 


 

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  Ø   assigns all beneficial rights, title and interest in the ordinary shares or ADSs to the depositary,

 

  Ø   unconditionally guarantees to deliver to the depositary or the custodian, as applicable, such ordinary shares or ADSs, and

 

  Ø   agrees to any additional restrictions or requirements that the depositary deems appropriate;

 

Ø   the pre-release transaction must be fully collateralized with cash, U.S. Government Securities or other collateral that the depositary considers appropriate;

 

Ø   the depositary must be able to close out the pre-release transaction on not more than five business days’ notice; and

 

Ø   the pre-release transaction will be subject to further indemnities and credit regulations as the depositary deems appropriate.

 

In addition, the depositary will limit the number of ADSs to 30% of the ADSs outstanding at any one time as a result of pre-release, although the depositary may disregard the limit from time to time, if it thinks it is appropriate to do so.

 

FOREIGN CURRENCY CONVERSION

 

The depositary bank will arrange for the conversion of all foreign currency received into U.S. dollars if such conversion is practical, and it will distribute the U.S. dollars in accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement. You may be required to pay fees and expenses incurred in converting foreign currency, such as fees and expenses incurred in complying with currency exchange controls and other governmental requirements.

 

If the conversion of foreign currency is not practical or lawful, or if any required approvals are denied or not obtainable at a reasonable cost or within a reasonable period, the depositary bank may take the following actions in its discretion:

 

Ø   Convert the foreign currency to the extent practical and lawful and distribute the U.S. dollars to the holders for whom the conversion and distribution is lawful and practical.

 

Ø   Distribute the foreign currency to holders for whom the distribution is lawful and practical.

 

Ø   Hold the foreign currency without liability for interest for the applicable holders.

 

THE CUSTODIAN

 

The depositary has agreed with the custodian that the custodian will receive and hold the deposited securities for the account of the depositary in accordance with the deposit agreement. If the custodian resigns or is discharged form its duties under the deposit agreement, the depositary will appoint a successor custodian. If the depositary resigns or is discharged from its duties under the deposit agreement, the custodian will continue to act as custodian and will be obligated to comply with the direction of the successor depositary.

 

GOVERNING LAW

 

The deposit agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New York. We and the depositary have agreed that the federal or state courts in The City of New York shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine any suit, action or proceeding and to settle any dispute between us that may arise out of or in connection with the deposit agreement. We also submitted to the jurisdiction of these courts and we have appointed an agent for service of process in The City of New York.

 


 

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Shares eligible for future sale

 

Upon completion of this offering, we will have 5,000,000 outstanding ADSs representing approximately 20.0% of our ordinary shares in issue. All of the ADSs sold in this offering and the ordinary shares they represent will be freely transferable by persons other than our “affiliates” without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. Sales or perceived sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our ADSs. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ordinary shares or the ADSs, and while application has been made for the ADSs to be quoted on the Nasdaq National Market, we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop. Our ordinary shares will not be listed on any exchange or quoted for trading on any over-the-counter trading system. We do not expect that an active trading market will develop for our ordinary shares not represented by the ADSs.

 

LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS

 

We, Messrs. Xiaodong Wu, Minshi (Mike) Shen, Takyung (Sam) Tsang and Feng (Charles) Zhu, Green Wall and all of our existing shareholders have agreed, subject to some limited exceptions, not to sell or otherwise dispose of or hedge, directly or indirectly, any of our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, for a period of 180 days after the date this registration statement becomes effective. Asset Managers and Neon Liberty are subject to a 270 day lock-up period after the date this registration statement becomes effective. After the expiration of such applicable period, the ordinary shares held by Messrs. Wu, Shen, Tsang or Zhu, or any of our existing shareholders may be sold subject to the restrictions under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or by means of registered public offerings.

 

The 180-day and the 270-day lock-up periods are subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. If (1) during the period commencing on the date that is 15 calendar days plus 3 business days before the last day of the lock-up period, and ending on the last day of the lock-up period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to us occurs; or (2) prior to the expiration of the 180-day or 270-day period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day or 270-day lock-up, the lock-up will continue to apply until the expiration of the date that is 15 calendar days plus three business days after the date of the issuance of the earnings release or the material news or the occurrence of the material event.

 

RULE 144

 

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a person who has beneficially owned “restricted securities” for at least one year would be entitled to sell in the United States, within any three-month period, a number of shares that is not more than the greater of:

 

Ø   1% of the number of our ordinary shares then outstanding, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, which will equal approximately 2,500,000 ordinary shares immediately after this offering; or

 

Ø   the average weekly reported trading volume of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq National Market during the four calendar weeks before a notice of the sale on Form 144 is filed with the SEC by such person.

 

Sales under Rule 144 must be made through unsolicited brokers’ transactions. They are also subject to manner-of-sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about

 


 

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us. However, these shares would remain subject to lock-up arrangements and would only become eligible for sale when the applicable lock-up period expires. Upon expiration of the 180-day lock-up period and taking into consideration the exchange by Green Wall, Asset Managers and Neon Liberty of the exchangeable note for our ordinary shares, the aggregate of 184,000,002 ordinary shares held by Chengxuan, GE, Golden Meditech and Green Wall will be eligible for sale under Rule 144, subject to the volume and other limitations set forth above. Upon expiration of the 270-day lock up period, an additional aggregate of 15,999,999 ordinary shares, held by Asset Managers and Neon Liberty will be eligible for sale under Rule 144, subject to the volume and other limitations set forth above.

 

Under Rule 144(k), a person who is not deemed to have been our affiliate at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the ordinary shares proposed to be sold for at least two years from the later of the date these shares were acquired from us or from our affiliate, including the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate, is entitled to sell those shares in the United States immediately following this offering without complying with the manner-of-sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. However, these shares would remain subject to lock-up arrangements and would only become eligible for sale when the applicable lock-up period expires.

 

RULE 701

 

Beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, persons other than affiliates who purchased ordinary shares under a written compensatory plan or contract may be entitled to sell such shares in the United States in reliance on Rule 701. Rule 701 permits affiliates to sell their Rule 701 shares under Rule 144 without complying with the holding period requirements of Rule 144. Rule 701 further provides that non-affiliates may sell these shares in reliance on Rule 144 subject only to its manner-of-sale requirements. However, the Rule 701 shares would remain subject to lock-up arrangements and would only become eligible for sale when the applicable lock-up period expires.

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS

 

Upon completion of this offering, certain holders of our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, or their transferees will be entitled to request that we register their ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, under the Securities Act, following the expiration of the lock-up agreements described above. See “Description of share capital—Registration rights.”

 


 

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Taxation

 

The following summary of the material Cayman Islands and United States federal income tax consequences of an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this Registration Statement, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of Cayman Islands tax law, it represents the opinion of Walkers, our special Cayman Islands counsel. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of U.S. federal income tax law, it represents the opinion of Latham & Watkins LLP, our special U.S. counsel.

 

CAYMAN ISLANDS TAXATION

 

The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to the Company levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is not party to any double tax treaties. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.

 

UNITED STATES FEDERAL TAXATION

 

The following discussion describes the material U.S federal tax consequences under present law of an investment in the ADSs or ordinary shares. This summary applies only to investors that hold the ADSs or ordinary shares as capital assets and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This discussion is based on the tax laws of the United States as in effect on the date of this Registration Statement and on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some cases, proposed, as of the date of this Registration Statement, as well as judicial and administrative interpretations thereof available on or before such date. All of the foregoing authorities are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.

 

The following discussion does not deal with the tax consequences to any particular investor or to persons in special tax situations such as:

 

Ø   banks;

 

Ø   financial institutions;

 

Ø   insurance companies;

 

Ø   broker dealers;

 

Ø   traders that elect to mark to market;

 

Ø   tax-exempt entities;

 

Ø   persons liable for alternative minimum tax;

 

Ø   persons holding an ADS or ordinary share as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or integrated transaction;

 

Ø   persons that actually or constructively own 10% or more of our voting stock; or

 

Ø   persons holding ADSs or ordinary shares through partnerships or other pass-through entities.

 


 

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PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S FEDERAL TAX RULES TO THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES AS WELL AS THE STATE AND LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF ADSs OR ORDINARY SHARES.

 

The discussion below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply if you are the beneficial owner of ADSs or ordinary shares and you are, for U.S federal income tax purposes,

 

Ø   a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

Ø   a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States, any State or the District of Columbia;

 

Ø   an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

Ø   a trust that (1) is subject to the supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

 

The discussion below assumes that the representations contained in the deposit agreement are true and that the obligations in the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be complied with in accordance with the terms. If you hold ADSs, you should be treated as the holder of the underlying ordinary shares represented by those ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

The U.S. Treasury has expressed concerns that parties to whom ADSs are pre-released may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the claiming, by U.S. Holders of ADSs, of foreign tax credits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such actions would also be inconsistent with the claiming of the reduced rate of tax applicable to dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders, as described below. Accordingly, the availability of the reduced tax rate for dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders could be affected by future actions that may be taken by the U.S. Treasury.

 

Taxation of dividends and other distributions on the ADSs or ordinary shares

 

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, the gross amount of all our distributions to you with respect to the ADSs or ordinary shares generally will be included in your gross income as dividend income on the date of receipt by the depositary, in the case of ADSs, or by you, in the case of ordinary shares, but only to the extent that the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). The dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.

 

With respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders including individual U.S. Holders, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2009, dividends may be taxed at the lower applicable capital gains rate provided that (1) the ADSs or ordinary shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, (2) we are not a passive foreign investment company (as discussed below) for either our taxable year in which the dividend was paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Under recently published Internal Revenue Service authority, common or ordinary shares, or ADSs representing such shares, are considered for purpose of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on Nasdaq National Market. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for dividends paid with respect to our ADSs or ordinary shares.

 


 

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Dividends will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. If the dividends are qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will in general be limited to the gross amount of the dividend, multiplied by the reduced rate divided by the highest rate of tax normally applicable to dividends. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to the ADSs or ordinary shares will be “passive income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “financial services income.” Recently enacted legislation will modify the foreign tax credit limitation by reducing the number of classes of foreign source income to two for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006. Under this recently enacted legislation, dividends distributed by us with respect to ADSs or ordinary shares would generally constitute “passive category income” but could, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, constitute “general category income.”

 

To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your ADSs or ordinary shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will generally be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.

 

Taxation of disposition of shares

 

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of an ADS or ordinary share equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the ADS or ordinary share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the ADS or ordinary share. The gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an individual, who has held the ADS or ordinary share for more than one year, you will be eligible for reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any such gain or loss that you recognize will generally be treated as U.S. source income or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

 

Passive foreign investment company

 

We do not expect to be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for our current taxable year. Our expectation for our current taxable year ending March 31, 2006 is based in part on our estimates of the value of our assets, as determined based on the price of the ADSs and our ordinary shares in this Offering and the expected price of the ADSs and our ordinary shares following the offering. Our actual PFIC status for the taxable year ending March 31, 2006 will not be determinable until the close of the taxable year ending March 31, 2006. A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either:

 

Ø   at least 75% of its gross income is passive income (the “income test”), or

 

Ø   at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to passive assets (which are assets, including cash, that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income) (the “asset test”).

 

We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, more than 25% (by value) of the stock.

 


 

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We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. As a result, our PFIC status may change. In particular, in applying the asset test described above, the value of our assets will generally be deemed to be equal to the sum of the aggregate value of our outstanding equity plus our liabilities. For purposes of the asset test, goodwill, which is generally measured by the sum of the aggregate value of our outstanding equity plus our liabilities, less the book value of our known assets, is treated as a non-passive asset. Therefore, a drop in the market price of our ADSs and ordinary shares generally will reflect a decrease in the value of our goodwill and will cause a reduction in the value of our assets for purposes of the asset test. If there is such a reduction in goodwill and the value of our assets, the percentage of the value of our assets that is attributable to passive assets may increase, and if such percentage (based on an average of the quarterly values during a taxable year) exceeds 50%, we will be a PFIC for such taxable year. Accordingly, fluctuations in the market price of the ADSs and shares which is likely to fluctuate after the offering (and may fluctuate considerably given that market prices of technology companies have been especially volatile) may result in us being a PFIC for any year. In addition, the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. If we are a PFIC for any year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, we generally will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares.

 

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” that you receive and any gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the ADSs or ordinary shares, unless you make a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:

 

Ø   the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares,

 

Ø   the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and

 

Ø   the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year.

 

The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or “excess distribution” cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of the ADSs or ordinary shares cannot be treated as capital, even if you hold the ADSs or ordinary shares as capital assets.

 

Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election for stock of a PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed in the two preceding paragraphs. If you make a mark-to-market election for the ADSs or ordinary shares, you will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the ADSs or ordinary shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis in such ADSs or ordinary shares. You are allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the ADSs or ordinary shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, deductions are allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the ADSs or ordinary shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss

 


 

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treatment also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the ADSs or ordinary shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such ADSs or ordinary shares. Your basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. The tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not PFICs would apply to distributions by us.

 

The mark-to-market election is available only for stock which is regularly traded on a qualified exchange or other market, as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations. We expect that the ADSs will be listed on Nasdaq National Market and, consequently, if you are a holder of ADSs the mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.

 

In general, if a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC, a holder of shares in that corporation may avoid taxation under the rules described above by making a “qualified electing fund” election to include its share of the corporation’s income on a current basis, or a “deemed sale” election once the corporation no longer qualifies as a PFIC. However, you may make a qualified electing fund election with respect to your ADSs or ordinary shares only if we agree to furnish you annually with certain tax information, and we do not presently intend to prepare or provide such information.

 

If you hold ADSs or ordinary shares in any year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required to file Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 regarding distributions received on the ADSs or ordinary shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares.

 

You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in ADSs or ordinary shares.

 

U.S. federal estate and gift taxation

 

If you are an individual who is a citizen or resident, as specifically defined for U.S. federal estate and gift tax purposes, of the United States at the time of your death, ADSs or ordinary shares that you own at that time generally will be includible in your gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes. If you are an individual who is a citizen or resident, as specifically defined for U.S. federal estate and gift tax purposes, of the United States at the time of a gift of the ADSs or ordinary shares, you generally will be subject to U.S. gift tax with respect to the ADSs or ordinary shares in the same manner and to the same extent as with respect to other types of personal property. You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the application of the U.S. federal estate and gift taxes to you.

 

Information reporting and backup withholding

 

Dividend payments with respect to ADSs or ordinary shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of ADSs or shares may be subject to information reporting to the Internal Revenue Service and possible U.S. backup withholding at a current rate of 28%. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on Internal Revenue Service Form W-9. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information.

 


 

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Underwriting

 

Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in an underwriting agreement dated                     , 2005, we have agreed to sell 5,000,000 of our ADSs to UBS AG, 52/F, Two International Finance Centre, 8 Finance Street, Central, Hong Kong, the sole underwriter for this offering.

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriter is obligated to purchase all of the ADSs from us in this offering if any are purchased, other than those ADSs covered by the over-allotment option described below provided that certain conditions are satisfied. The underwriting agreement also provides that if the underwriter defaults, this offering may be terminated.

 

UBS AG is expected to make offers and sales in the United States through its U.S. registered broker-dealer affiliate, UBS Securities LLC.

 

If the underwriter sells more ADSs than the total number set forth in the table above, it has an option to buy up to an additional 750,000 ADSs from us to cover such sales at the initial public offering price per ADS less the underwriting discounts and commissions, which option is exercisable in whole or in part at the discretion of the underwriter at any time or from time to time, on or before the 30th day following the date of this prospectus. The underwriter may exercise the option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised by the underwriter, such option will not exceed 15% of the total number of ADSs sold in this offering.

 

The underwriter proposes to offer the ADSs initially at the public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus and to selling group members at that price less a selling concession of US$             per ADS.

 

The underwriter and selling group members may allow a discount of US$             per ADS on sales to other broker/dealers. After the initial public offering, the underwriter may change the public offering price, concession and discount to broker/dealers, and other selling terms.

 

The following table shows the per ADS and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriter by us. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriter’s option to purchase 750,000 additional ADSs.

 

     Without
over-allotment
   With
over-allotment

Per ADS

   US$                 US$             
    

  

Total

   US$      US$  
    

  

 

We have also granted to the underwriter certain rights of first refusal to act as our advisor or lead underwriter in connection with certain future transactions. The NASD has deemed the rights of first refusal that we have granted to the underwriter to be compensation in connection with the offering. Pursuant to NASD Conduct Rule 2710(c)(3)(A)(ix), such rights of first refusal will be deemed to have a compensation value of 1% of the offering proceeds. The right of first refusal granted to the underwriter lasts through 12 months after the close of this offering.

 

We, Messrs. Xiaodong Wu, Minshi (Mike) Shen, Takyung (Sam) Tsang and Feng (Charles) Zhu, Green Wall and all of our existing shareholders have agreed, subject to some limited exceptions, not to sell or

 


 

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otherwise dispose of or hedge, directly or indirectly, any of our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, for a period of 180 days after the date this registration statement becomes effective. Asset Managers and Neon Liberty are subject to a 270 day lock-up period after the date this registration statement becomes effective. After the expiration of such applicable period, the ordinary shares held by Messrs. Wu, Shen, Tsang or Zhu, or any of our existing shareholders may be sold subject to the restrictions under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or by means of registered public offerings.

 

The 180-day and the 270-day lock-up periods are subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. If (1) during the period commencing on the date that is 15 calendar days plus 3 business days before the last day of the lock-up period, and ending on the last day of the lock-up period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to us occurs; or (2) prior to the expiration of the 180-day or 270-day period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day or 270-day lock-up, the lock-up will continue to apply until the expiration of the date that is 15 calendar days plus three business days after the date of the issuance of the earnings release or the material news or the occurrence of the material event. See “Shares eligible for future sale—Lock-up agreements.”

 

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriter against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribute to payments that the underwriter may be required to make in that respect.

 

We have applied to list our ADSs on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “CMED.”

 

Before this offering, there has been no public market for our ordinary shares or ADSs. The public offering price will be determined through negotiations between us and the underwriter. In addition to prevailing market conditions, the factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price are:

 

Ø   the valuation multiples of publicly traded companies that the underwriter believes to be comparable to us,

 

Ø   our financial information,

 

Ø   the history of, and the prospects for, our company and the industry in which we compete,

 

Ø   an assessment of our management, our past and present operations, and the prospects for, and timing of, our future revenues,

 

Ø   the present state of our development, and

 

Ø   the above factors in relation to market values and various valuation measures of other companies engaged in activities similar to ours.

 

In connection with this offering the underwriter may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and passive market making in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.

 

Ø   Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

 

Ø   Over-allotment involves sales by the underwriter of our ADSs in excess of the number of our ADSs the underwriter is obligated to purchase, which creates a syndicate short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of

 


 

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our ADSs over-allotted by the underwriter is not greater than the number of our ADSs that it may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of our ADSs involved is greater than the number of our ADSs in the over-allotment option. The underwriter may close out any covered short position by either exercising its over-allotment option and/or purchasing in the open market.

 

Ø   Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of our ADSs in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of our ADSs to close out the short position, the underwriter will consider, among other things, the price of our ADSs available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which it may purchase our ADSs through the over-allotment option. If the underwriter sells more of our ADSs than could be covered by the over-allotment option, a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying our ADSs in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriter is concerned that there could be downward pressure on the price of our ADSs in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering.

 

Ø   Penalty bids permit the underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a selling group member when our ADSs originally sold by the selling group member are purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions.

 

Ø   In passive market making, market makers in our ADSs who are underwriters or prospective underwriters may, subject to limitations, make bids for or purchases of our ADSs until the time, if any, at which a stabilizing bid is made.

 

These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and passive market making may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our ADSs or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our ADSs. As a result, the price of our ADSs may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the Nasdaq National Market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

 

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by the underwriter, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering. The underwriter may agree to allocate a number of our ADSs to selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders.

 

No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the ADSs, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus or any other material relating to us or the ADSs in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the ADSs may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this prospectus nor any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the ADSs may be distributed or published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.

 

Canada.    The underwriter has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, any ADSs, directly or indirectly, in any province or territory of Canada or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of any province or territory of Canada in contravention of the securities laws thereof. The underwriter will ensure that any offer or sale of ADSs in Canada will be made only (a) in accordance with an exemption from the requirement to file a prospectus in the province or territory of Canada in which such offer or sale is made, and (b) by a dealer duly registered under the applicable securities laws of that province or territory or in circumstances where an exemption from the applicable registered dealer requirements is available

 


 

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and will send to any dealer who purchases from it any of the ADSs a notice stating in substance that, by purchasing such ADSs, such dealer represents and agrees that it has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, directly or indirectly, any of such ADSs in any province or territory of Canada or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of any province or territory of Canada in contravention of the securities laws thereof and that any offer or sale of ADSs in Canada will be made only (a) in accordance with an exemption from the requirement to file a prospectus in the province or territory of Canada in which such offer or sale is made, and (b) by a dealer duly registered under the applicable securities laws of that province or territory or in circumstances where an exemption from the applicable registered dealer requirements is available, and that such dealer will deliver to any other dealer to whom it sells any of such ADSs a notice containing substantially the same statement as is contained in this sentence. The underwriter has also agreed to comply with all applicable laws and regulations, and make or obtain all necessary filings, consents or approvals, in each Canadian jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers ADSs (including, without limitation, any applicable requirements relating to the delivery of this prospectus), in each case, at its own expense. In connection with sales of and offers to sell ADSs made by it, the underwriter will either furnish to each Canadian Person to whom any such sale or offer is made a copy of the then current prospectus, or inform such person that such prospectus will be made available upon request, and will keep an accurate record of the names and addresses of all persons to whom it gives copies of this prospectus, or any amendment or supplement to this prospectus; and when furnished with any subsequent amendment to this prospectus, any subsequent prospectus or any medium outlining changes in this prospectus, the underwriter will promptly forward copies thereof to such persons or inform such persons that such amendment, subsequent prospectus or other medium will be made available upon request.

 

“Canadian Person” means any national or resident of Canada (other than an individual resident in a Canadian province or territory where such individual is prohibited from purchasing securities under local provincial and territorial securities laws), or any corporation, person, profit-sharing or other trust or other entity organized under the laws of Canada or of any political subdivision thereof (other than a branch located outside Canada of any or Canadian Person), and includes any Canadian branch of a person who is otherwise not a Canadian Person.

 

European Economic Area.    In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive, or a relevant member state, with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state, or the relevant implementation date, the underwriter has not made and will not make an offer of ADSs to the public in that relevant member state prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the ADSs which has been approved by the competent authority in that relevant member state or, where appropriate, approved in another relevant member state and notified to the competent authority in that relevant member state, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of ADSs to the public in that relevant member state at any time:

 

Ø   to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities,

 

Ø   to any legal entity which has two or more of (i) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year, (ii) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (iii) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts, or

 

Ø   in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by the issuer of a prospectus as required by Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

 


 

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For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of ADSs to the public” in relation to any ADSs in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the ADSs to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the ADSs, as the same may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each relevant member state.

 

United Kingdom.    The underwriter has not made and will not make an offer of ADSs to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of section 102B of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended), or the FSMA, except to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities or otherwise in circumstances which do not require the publication by the company of a prospectus as required by the Prospectus Rules of the Financial Services Authority. The underwriter has only communicated and will only communicate an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) to persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to the company, and the underwriter has complied with and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the ADSs in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

 

France.    Neither this prospectus nor any offering material relating to ADSs has been or will be submitted to the “Commission des Opérations de Bourse” for approval (“Visa”), in France. The underwriter has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell any ADSs or distribute or cause to be distributed any copies of this prospectus or any offering material relating to the ADSs, directly or indirectly, in France, except (a) with the prior authorization of the French Ministry for Economy and Finance in accordance with Articles 9 and 10 of the ‘Décret’ of December 29, 1989 regulating financial relations between France and foreign countries, or (b) to qualified investors (“investisseurs qualifiés”), and/or a restricted group of investors (“cercle restreint d’investisseurs”), in each case acting for their account, all as defined in, and in accordance with, Article L. 411-l and L. 411-2 of the Monetary and Financial Code and “Décret” no. 98-880 dated October 1, 1998.

 

Germany.    This prospectus is not a Securities Selling Prospectus within the meaning of the German Securities Sales Prospectus Act of September 9, 1998 and has not been filed with and approved by the German Federal Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht) or any other competent German governmental authority under the relevant laws. The underwriter has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell any ADSs or distribute copies of this prospectus or any document relating to the ADSs, directly or indirectly, in Germany except to persons falling within the scope of section 2 numbers 1 (persons who as part of their profession, occupation or business, purchase or sell securities for their own account or for the account of third patties), 2 (a restricted circle of persons) and 3 (employees by their employer or related group companies) of the German Securities Sales Prospectus Act of September 8, 1998 and by doing so has not taken, and will not take, any steps which would constitute a public offering of the ADSs in Germany.

 

Italy.    The offering of the ADSs in Italy has not been registered with the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (“CONSOB”) pursuant to Italian securities legislation and, accordingly: (i) the ADSs cannot be offered, sold or delivered in the Republic of Italy (“Italy”) in a solicitation to the public at large (sollecitazione all’investimento) within the meaning of Article 1, paragraph 1, letter (t) of Legislative Decree no. 58 of February 24, 1998 (the “Financial Services Act”), nor may any copy of this

 


 

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prospectus or any other document relating to the ADSs be distributed in Italy, (ii) the ADSs cannot be offered, sold and/or delivered, nor may any copy of this prospectus or any other document relating to the ADSs be distributed, either in the primary or in the secondary market, to individuals in Italy, and (iii) sales of the ADSs in Italy shall only be: (a) negotiated with “Professional Investors” (operatori qualificati), as defined under Article 31, paragraph 2, of CONSOB Regulation no. 11522 of July 1, 1998, as amended (“CONSOB Regulation No. 11522”), (b) made by an investment firm, bank or financial intermediary permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with the Italian Banking Act, the Financial Services Act, CONSOB Regulation no. 11522 and all the other relevant provisions of Italian law, and (c) effected in accordance with any other Italian securities, tax and exchange control and other applicable laws and regulations and any other applicable requirement or limitation which may be imposed by CONSOB or the Bank of Italy.

 

The Netherlands.    The underwriter has not offered, distributed, sold, transferred or delivered, and will not offer, distribute, sell, transfer or deliver, any ADSs, directly or indirectly, in the Netherlands, as part of their initial distribution or at any time thereafter, to any person other than individuals who or legal entities which trade or invest in securities in the conduct of their profession or business within the meaning of article 2 of the Exemption Regulation issued under the Securities Transactions Supervision Act 1995 (“Vrijstellingsregeling Wet toezicht Effectenverkeer 1995”), which includes banks, brokers, pension funds, insurance companies, securities institutions, investment institutions and other institutional investors, including, among others, treasuries of large enterprises, who or which regularly trade or invest in securities in a professional capacity.

 

Switzerland.    This prospectus does not constitute a prospectus within the meaning of Article 652a and Art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations (Schweizerisches Obligationenrecht), and none of this offering, the ADSs and ordinary shares has been or will be approved by any Swiss regulatory authority.

 

Hong Kong.    The underwriter (i) has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, in Hong Kong, by means of any document, any ADSs other than to persons whose ordinary business is to buy or sell shares or debentures, whether as principal or agent, or in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 32) of Hong Kong, and (ii) except as permitted under the securities laws of Hong Kong, has not issued, and will not issue, in Hong Kong any document, invitation or advertisement relating to the ADSs other than with respect to ADSs which are intended to be disposed of to persons outside Hong Kong or only to persons whose business involves the acquisition, disposal or holding of securities, whether as principal or agent.

 

Japan.    The ADSs have not been and will not be registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan and may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan) or to, or for the account or benefit of, any person for reoffering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan, except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, or otherwise in compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan and (ii) in compliance with any other relevant laws and regulations of Japan.

 

Singapore.    This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus or information memorandum with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, no advertisement may be made offering or calling attention to an offer or intended offer of the ADSs to the public in Singapore. The underwriter will not offer or sell ADSs, and will not make ADSs the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, and will not circulate or distribute this prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the

 


 

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offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of ADSs, whether directly or indirectly, to the public or any member of the public in Singapore other than:

 

Ø   to an institutional investor or other person specified in Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act 2001 of Singapore, or the Securities and Futures Act,

 

Ø   to a sophisticated investor, and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the Securities and Futures Act, or

 

Ø   otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the Securities and Futures Act.

 

People’s Republic of China.    The underwriter has not circulated and will not circulate or distribute this prospectus in the PRC and the underwriter has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell to any person for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, any ADSs to any resident of the PRC except pursuant to applicable laws and regulations of the PRC. For the purposes of this paragraph, PRC does not include Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

 

Cayman Islands.    This prospectus does not constitute an invitation or offer to the public in the Cayman Islands of the ADSs, whether by way of sale or subscription. The underwriter has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, directly or indirectly, any ADSs in the Cayman Islands.

 


 

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Expenses related to this offering

 

Set forth below is an itemization of the total expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, that are expected to be incurred in connection with the offer and sale of the ADSs by us. With the exception of the SEC registration fee and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing fee, all amounts are estimates.

 

SEC registration fee

   US$ 10,828

Nasdaq National Market listing fee

     105,000

National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing fee

     9,700

Printing and engraving expenses

     400,000

Legal fees and expenses

     1,300,000

Accounting fees and expenses

     700,000

Miscellaneous

     600,000
    

Total

   US$ 3,125,528
    

 


 

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Legal matters

 

The validity of the ADSs and certain other legal matters as to the United States federal and New York law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP. Certain legal matters as to the United States federal and New York law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriter by Shearman & Sterling LLP. The validity of the ordinary shares represented by the ADSs offered in this offering and certain other legal matters as to Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Walkers. Legal matters as to PRC law will be passed upon for us by Guantao Law Firm and for the underwriter by Jingtian & Gongcheng. Latham & Watkins LLP may rely upon Walkers with respect to matters governed by Cayman Islands law and Guantao Law Firm with respect to matters governed by PRC law. Shearman & Sterling LLP may rely upon Walkers with respect to matters governed by Cayman Island law and Jingtian & Gongcheng with respect to matters governed by PRC law.

 

Experts

 

Our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2004 and 2005 and for each of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, have been included in this prospectus in reliance upon the report of KPMG, independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, and upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

The offices of KPMG are located at 8th Floor, Prince’s Building, 10 Chater Road, Central, Hong Kong, China.

 


 

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Enforceability of civil liabilities

 

We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands to take advantage of certain benefits associated with being an exempted Cayman Islands company, such as:

 

Ø   political and economic stability;

 

Ø   an effective judicial system;

 

Ø   a favorable tax system;

 

Ø   the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions; and

 

Ø   the availability of professional and support services.

 

However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the Cayman Islands. These disadvantages include:

 

Ø   the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and these securities laws provide significantly less protection to investors; and

 

Ø   Cayman Islands companies do not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

 

Our constituent documents do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between us, our officers, directors and shareholders, be arbitrated.

 

All of our current operations are conducted in China, and substantially all of our assets are located in China. A majority of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for a shareholder to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

We have appointed CT Corporation System, 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10011, as our agent upon whom process may be served in any action brought against us under the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state of the United States.

 

Walkers, our counsel as to Cayman Islands law, and Guantao Law Firm, our counsel as to PRC law, have advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands and the PRC, respectively, would:

 

Ø   recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; or

 

Ø   entertain original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

Walkers has further advised us that a final and conclusive judgment in the federal or state courts of the United States under which a fixed or ascertained sum of money is payable, other than a sum payable in respect of taxes, fines, penalties or similar charges and which was neither obtained in a manner nor is of

 


 

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a kind enforcement of which is contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands, may be subject to enforcement proceedings as debt in the courts of the Cayman Islands under common law.

 

Guantao Law Firm has advised us further that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. PRC courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based either on treaties between the PRC and the country where the judgment is made or on reciprocity between jurisdictions.

 


 

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Where you can find additional information

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1, including relevant exhibits and schedules under the Securities Act with respect to underlying ordinary shares represented by the ADSs, to be sold in this offering. A related registration statement on F-6 will be filed with the SEC to register the ADSs. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement. You should read the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules for further information with respect to us and our ADSs.

 

Immediately upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we will be required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. All information filed with the SEC can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference rooms. Additional information may also be obtained over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we intend to furnish the depositary with our annual reports, which will include a review of operations and annual audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, and all notices of shareholders’ meeting and other reports and communications that are made generally available to our shareholders. The depositary will make such notices, reports and communications available to holders of ADSs and, upon our request, will mail to all record holders of ADSs the information contained in any notice of a shareholders’ meeting received by the depositary from us.

 


 

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Table of Contents

China Medical Technologies, Inc.

 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 

     Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2004 and 2005

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

   F-6

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

   F-7

 


 

F-1


Table of Contents

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of

China Medical Technologies, Inc.:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of China Medical Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2005. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of China Medical Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2004 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended March 31, 2005 have been translated into United States dollars solely for the convenience of the reader. We have audited the translation and, in our opinion, such financial statements expressed in Renminbi have been translated into United States dollars on the basis set forth in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

/s/    KPMG

Hong Kong, China

April 30, 2005

 


 

F-2


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of March 31, 2004 and 2005

(RMB and US$ expressed in thousands, except per share data)

 

          2004    2005    2005
     Note    RMB    RMB    US$

Assets

                   

Current assets

                   

Cash and cash equivalents

        24,114    14,646    1,770

Time deposits with original maturity over three months

        26,500      

Trade accounts receivable

   5    41,839    85,766    10,363

Prepayments and other receivables

   6    6,036    20,573    2,485

Amount due from a related party

   22    2,250      

Inventories

   7    8,126    13,830    1,670
         
  
  

Total current assets

        108,865    134,815    16,288

Amount due from a related party

   22    99      

Property, plant and equipment, net

   8    75,004    75,288    9,096

Intangible assets, net

   9       239,662    28,957

Lease prepayments, net

   10    8,193    8,003    967
         
  
  

Total assets

        192,161    457,768    55,308
         
  
  

Liabilities

                   

Current liabilities

                   

Trade accounts payable

        12,624    22,595    2,730

Amounts due to related parties

   22    4,807    100,421    12,133

Accrued liabilities and other payables

   11    5,625    64,862    7,836

Income tax payable

        2,774    9,395    1,135

Dividend payable

        30,655    4,225    511

Current installments of long-term loan

   12    142    24    3
         
  
  

Total current liabilities

        56,627    201,522    24,348

Amount due to a related party

   22       2,293    277

Long-term loan, excluding current installments

   12    24      
         
  
  

Total liabilities

        56,651    203,815    24,625
         
  
  

Shareholders’ equity

                   

Share capital

   13(a)       165,530    20,000

Ordinary shares US$0.1 par value: 500,000,000 authorized; Nil and 200,000,001 issued and fully paid as of March 31, 2004 and 2005

                   

Registered capital

        67,100      

Contribution surplus

   13(c)    37,192      

General reserve fund

   13(d)    8,213    14,852    1,794

Retained earnings

   13(f)    23,005    73,571    8,889
         
  
  

Total shareholders’ equity

        135,510    253,953    30,683
         
  
  

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

        192,161    457,768    55,308
         
  
  

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

F-3


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Consolidated Statements of Income

For the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(RMB and US$ expressed in thousands, except per share data)

 

          2003     2004     2005     2005  
     Note    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  

Revenues, net (a)

   4(i),22    63,716     110,750     217,547       26,284  

Cost of revenues (a)

   16,22    (20,627 )   (33,983 )   (64,579 )     (7,803 )
         

 

 

 


Gross profit

        43,089     76,767     152,968       18,481  

Operating expenses:

                               

Research and development

        (1,246 )   (2,036 )   (2,815 )     (340 )

Sales and marketing

   17    (1,963 )   (2,632 )   (4,960 )     (599 )

General and administrative

   16,18    (7,235 )   (5,619 )   (16,644 )     (2,011 )
         

 

 

 


Total operating expenses

        (10,444 )   (10,287 )   (24,419 )     (2,950 )
         

 

 

 


Operating income

        32,645     66,480     128,549       15,531  

Other income (a)

   19            1,559       189  

Interest income

        56     126     194       23  

Interest expense

        (1,859 )   (112 )   (5 )     (1 )
         

 

 

 


Income before tax

        30,842     66,494     130,297       15,742  

Income tax expense

   21    (3,286 )   (4,933 )   (11,854 )     (1,432 )
         

 

 

 


Net income

        27,556     61,561     118,443       14,310  
         

 

 

 


Earnings per share—basic and diluted

   15,21    RMB0.23     RMB0.31     RMB0.59     US$ 0.07  
         

 

 

 


 

(a)   Includes the following income/(expenses) resulting from transactions with related parties (see Note 22):

 

     2003     2004     2005    2005
     RMB     RMB     RMB    US$

Revenues, net

   5,026     11,966     4,145    501

Cost of revenues—purchase of raw materials in connection with sales to:

                     

        — related party

   (936 )   (2,728 )     

        — external customers

   (8,424 )   (4,092 )     

Other income

           3   
    

 

 
  

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

F-4


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

For the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(RMB and US$ expressed in thousands, except per share data)

 

       

Share capital

(Note 13(a))

 

Registered

capital

    Contribution
surplus
   

General
reserve

fund

  Retained
earnings
    Total
shareholders’
equity
 
    Note   Number   RMB   RMB     RMB     RMB   RMB     RMB  

Balance as of April 1, 2002

          40,260         1,667   7,797     49,724  

Net income

                    27,556     27,556  

Capital contributions from shareholders

  13(b)       26,840     37,192           64,032  

Transfer to reserve

                  3,232   (3,232 )    
       
 
 

 

 
 

 

Balance as of March 31, 2003

          67,100     37,192     4,899   32,121     141,312  

Net income

                    61,561     61,561  

Transfer to reserve

                  3,314   (3,314 )    

Dividend declared

  20                                    

— RMB0.9735 per share

                    (39,192 )   (39,192 )

— RMB0.4198 per share

                    (28,171 )   (28,171 )
       
 
 

 

 
 

 

Balance as of March 31, 2004

          67,100     37,192     8,213   23,005     135,510  

Capital on incorporation

  13(a)   1                    

Effect of reorganization

  13(a)   200,000,000   165,530   (67,100 )   (37,192 )     (61,238 )    

Net income

                    118,443     118,443  

Transfer to reserve

                  6,639   (6,639 )    
       
 
 

 

 
 

 

Balance as of March 31, 2005

      200,000,001   165,530           14,852   73,571     253,953  
       
 
 

 

 
 

 

Balance as of March 31, 2005 (US$)

      200,000,001   20,000           1,794   8,889     30,683  
       
 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

F-5


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(RMB and US$ expressed in thousands, except per share data)

 

          2003     2004     2005     2005  
     Note    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  

Cash flow from operating activities

                             

Net income

        27,556     61,561     118,443     14,310  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:

                             

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

        2,192     1,370     3,379     408  

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   18    375         146     18  

Amortization of lease prepayments

        86     86     190     23  

Amortization of intangible assets

                8,702     1,051  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                             

Trade accounts receivable

        (11,402 )   1,737     (43,927 )   (5,307 )

Prepayments and other receivables

        529     (3,117 )   (14,537 )   (1,756 )

Inventories

        (679 )   (4,869 )   (5,704 )   (689 )

Deferred income taxes

        190     243          

Trade accounts payable

        (387 )   12,178     9,971     1,205  

Accrued liabilities and other payables

        1,237     (1,599 )   59,237     7,157  

Income tax payable

            2,774     6,621     800  

Amount with related party

   22    520     (2,770 )   2,250     272  
         

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

        20,217     67,594     144,771     17,492  
         

 

 

 

Cash flow from investing activities

                             

Capital expenditure, including interest capitalized

        (2,713 )   (513 )   (3,809 )   (460 )

Prepaid deposit made to purchase a building from a related party

   (a),22    (60,000 )            

Purchase of intangible assets from a related party

   (a)            (148,364 )   (17,926 )

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

        2,343              

Purchase of time deposits with original maturity over three months

            (26,500 )        

Proceeds of time deposits with original maturity over three months

                26,500     3,202  

Repayment to a related party for the remaining balance on the purchase for a building

   (a),22            (4,807 )   (582 )

Net repayments and advances from related parties

   22    1,916     23,012     2,813     340  
         

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

        (58,454 )   (4,001 )   (127,667 )   (15,426 )
         

 

 

 

Cash flow from financing activities

                             

Capital contributions from shareholders

   13(b)    64,032              

Principal payments on short-term bank loan

            (30,000 )        

Proceeds from long-term loan

        308              

Principal payments on long-term loan

            (142 )   (142 )   (17 )

Dividends paid

            (36,708 )   (26,430 )   (3,193 )
         

 

 

 

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities

        64,340     (66,850 )   (26,572 )   (3,210 )
         

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

        26,103     (3,257 )   (9,468 )   (1,144 )

Cash and cash equivalents:

                             

At beginning of year

        1,268     27,371     24,114     2,914  
         

 

 

 

At end of year

        27,371     24,114     14,646     1,770  
         

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

                             

Cash paid during the year for:

                             

Income taxes

        3,096     1,916     5,233     632  

Interest expense

        1,859     112     5     1  

(a) Non-cash Transactions

                             

Partial consideration for acquisition of building in the form of amount due to a related party

   30        4,807          

Partial consideration for acquisition of certain intangible assets and related inventory in the form of amount due to a related party

   30            100,000     12,082  

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 


 

F-6


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(1)    Reorganization and Principal Activities

 

YDME Medical Equipment Inc. was incorporated in the Cayman Islands in July 2004 as a limited liability company, and changed its name to China Medical Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) subsequently. The Company was established in connection with the reorganization and initial public offering (“IPO”) of Beijing Yuande Bio-medical Engineering Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Yuande”). On January 19, 2005, as part of a corporate reorganization, the Company issued 200,000,000 ordinary shares, par value of US$0.10, to all three shareholders of Beijing Yuande in exchange for their beneficial interests in Beijing Yuande. As a result of this reorganization, all three shareholders of Beijing Yuande, Chengxuan International Ltd. (“Chengxuan International”), Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Ltd. (“Golden Meditech”) and GE China Co., Ltd. (“GE China”), subscribed for and were issued 110,020,000, 50,000,000 and 39,980,000 ordinary shares of the Company, respectively. GE China’s ordinary shares in the Company are held in trust by General Electric International Operations Company, Inc. (“GEIO”). Beijing Yuande was established under the laws of the PRC in July 1999 and is principally engaged in the commercialization, manufacture and sale of medical devices and supplies to clients primarily in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”). It became a Sino-Foreign Investment Enterprise in March 2003 and became a Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise (“WFOE”) in June 2004.

 

The Company and its subsidiary, Beijing Yuande, are collectively referred to as the “Group”.

 

(2)    Liquidity

 

As of March 31, 2005, the Group had a working capital deficit of approximately RMB66,707,000 (US$8,060,000). The Group has been able to increase its revenues, which have resulted in the generation of positive cash flow from operations, for the year ended March 31, 2005. Management believes that its current cash on hand, expected cash flow from operations and proceeds from bank borrowings will be sufficient to meet the Group’s anticipated cash obligations, including cash needs for working capital, research and development expenditures and capital expenditures. In the opinion of the management, if the existing cash and expected cash resources are insufficient to meet the Group’s cash requirements, the Group will seek to sell additional equity securities, debt securities or borrow from banks. The Group’s inability to obtain satisfactory financing arrangement would have a material adverse effect on its ability to fulfil its obligations and commitments as they come due and the Group’s operations would need to be curtailed.

 

(3)    Basis of Presentation

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).

 

Because the Company and Beijing Yuande were under common control, the Company’s acquisition of Beijing Yuande has been accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling-of-interests. Consequently, the consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Beijing Yuande at their historical amounts. Furthermore, the consolidated financial statements recognize the recapitalization and acquisition retroactively, as if the Company was created and the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.

 

This basis of accounting differs in certain material respects from that used in the preparation of statutory financial statements of Beijing Yuande in the PRC. The statutory financial statements of Beijing Yuande

 


 

F-7


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles and the relevant financial regulations applicable to foreign enterprises as established by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (“PRC GAAP”).

 

The Group’s functional and reporting currency is RMB. For the United State dollar convenience translation amounts included in the accompanying financial statements, the Renminbi equivalents were translated into United State dollar at the rate of US$1.00=RMB8.2765, on March 31, 2005, representing the noon buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi, as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. No representation is made that the Renminbi amounts could have been, or could be, converted into United State dollars at that rate or at any particular rate on March 31, 2005 or at any other date.

 

(4)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices

 

(a)    Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the results of the Group. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

(b)    Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and in bank. For purposes of the consolidated statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. None of the Group’s cash is restricted as to withdrawal.

 

(c)    Trade Accounts Receivable

 

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount after deduction of trade discounts, value added taxes and allowances, if any, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Group’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Group’s existing accounts receivable. The Group determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic condition.

 

The Group reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Past due balances over 90 days and over a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectibility. All other balances are reviewed on a pooled basis by aging of such balances. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

 

(d)    Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and market. Cost is determined using first-in, first-out method. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct production cost and an allocation proportion of production overheads.

 

(e)    Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.

 


 

F-8


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

 

     Years

Buildings and improvements

   30

Production equipment

   5

Furniture, fixtures and office equipment

   5

Motor vehicles

   5

 

Leasehold improvements are amortized straight line over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment attributable to manufacturing activities is capitalized as part of inventory, and expensed to cost of revenues as inventory is sold. Depreciation related to abnormal amounts from idle capacity are charged to cost of revenues for the period incurred. Depreciation related to equipment under the Company’s cooperation agreements with hospitals in 2003 was expensed to cost of revenues as a current period charge. All cooperation agreements were terminated during the year ended March 31, 2003, and the related assets were disposed of during that year. Total depreciation for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 was RMB2,192,000, RMB1,370,000 and RMB3,379,000 respectively, of which 82%, 62% and 35% were recorded in cost of revenues and 18%, 38% and 65% were recorded in general and administrative expenses, respectively.

 

Construction-in-progress represented expenditures in respect of the leasehold improvements. No depreciation is provided in respect of construction-in-progress.

 

(f)    Intangible Assets

 

The Group acquired certain intangible assets for use in an integrated luminescence immunoassay in-vitro diagnostics system using enhanced chemiluminescence (“ECLIA”) technology. These intangible assets include completed technology and know-how in the production of ECLIA analyzers and reagent kits (together known as the “ECLIA System”), production permits, a patent and a non-compete commitment. These intangible assets are stated at their relative estimated fair values in relation to the total acquisition cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization expense is recognized on the straight-line basis over the estimated respective useful lives of these intangible assets.

 

The Group reviews the carrying values of its purchased intangible assets if the facts and circumstances suggest that these assets may be impaired. To the extent that the review indicates that the carrying values of these assets may not be recoverable, as determined based on their estimated future undiscounted cash flows over the remaining amortization period, the carrying values of these assets will be reduced to their estimated fair values.

 

Given the environment in which the Group currently operates, it is reasonably possible that the estimated economic useful lives of these assets or the Group’s estimate that it will recover their carrying amounts from future operations could change in the future.

 

 


 

F-9


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(g)    Lease Prepayments

 

Lease prepayments represent land use rights paid to the PRC’s land bureau. Land use rights are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the respective periods of rights which range from 44 to 47 years. The current portion of lease prepayments has been included in prepayments and other receivables in the balance sheet.

 

(h)    Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with estimable useful lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

 

Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale are presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.

 

(i)    Revenue Recognition

 

Sales of medical equipment and supplies represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added taxes, sales returns, trade discounts and allowances. The Group recognizes revenue when products are delivered and the customer takes ownership and assumes risk of loss, collection of the relevant receivable is probable, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the sales price is fixed or determinable. The sales price of the medical equipment include the training and installation services. These services are ancillary to the purchase of medical equipment by customers and are normally considered by the customers to be an integral part of the acquired equipment. As the delivered items (training and installation services) do not have determinable fair values, the Group recognizes revenue for the entire arrangement upon customer acceptance, which occurs after delivery, installation and training.

 

In the PRC, value added tax (“VAT”) of 17% on invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not a revenue of the Group; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.

 

Pursuant to the laws and regulations of the PRC, Beijing Yuande is entitled to a refund of VAT on the sales of self-developed software embedded in medical equipment. The VAT refund represents the amount of VAT collected from customers and paid to the authorities in excess of 3% of relevant sales. The amount of VAT refund is calculated on a monthly basis. As the refund relates directly to the sale of self-developed software that is embedded in the Group’s products, the Group recognizes the VAT refund at the time the product is sold. The amount is included in the line item “Revenues, net” in the consolidated statements of income and is recorded on an accrual basis. VAT refunds included in revenue for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 were RMB3,574,000, RMB7,102,000 and RMB14,725,000 (US$1,779,000), respectively.

 

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

The medical equipment sold by the Group has embedded self-developed software. In all cases, the medical equipment is marketed and sold based on its performance and functionality as a whole. The self-developed software is not sold on a standalone basis. As the self-developed software embedded in the medical equipment is incidental to the product as a whole, the Group does not account for the software revenue in accordance with Statement of Position 97-2 “Software Revenue Recognition” issued by American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

 

(j)    Deferred Income Taxes

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

(k)    Stock-based compensation

 

On March 14, 2005, the Company granted stock options to two of its directors. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”), and its related interpretations which require the Company to record a compensation charge for the excess of the fair value for the stock at the grant date over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. The compensation expense is recognized over the applicable service period, which is usually the vesting period.

 

Had compensation cost for the options granted to directors in 2005 under the Company’s 2005 stock option plan (the “Plan”) (see note 28) been determined based on the fair value at the grant date, as prescribed in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”), the Company’s pro forma net income would have been as follows:

 

    

Year ended

March 31, 2005

 
     RMB’000  

Net income as reported

   118,443  

Add: Stock compensation as reported

    

Less: Stock compensation determined using the fair value method

   (30 )
    

Pro forma net income

   118,413  
    

Shares used in computation

      

Basic and diluted

   200,000,001  
    

Net income per share:

      

Basic and diluted, as reported

   RMB0.59  

Basic and diluted—pro forma

   RMB0.59  

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

The fair value each option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, with the following assumptions used for grants during the applicable period.

 

Option grants

    

Average risk-free interest rate of return

   3.911%

Weighted average expected option life

   2.75 years

Volatility rate

   30.00%

Dividend yield

   0.00%

 

(l)    Research and Development Costs

 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs amounted to RMB1,246,000, RMB2,036,000 and RMB2,815,000 (US$340,000) for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

 

(m)    Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs amounted to RMB76,000, RMB84,000 and RMB562,000 (US$68,000) for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

 

(n)    Retirement and Other Postretirement Benefits

 

Contributions to retirement schemes (which are defined contribution plans) are charged to consolidated statements of income as and when the related employee service is provided.

 

(o)    Foreign Currency Transactions

 

Transactions denominated in currencies other than RMB are translated into RMB at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into RMB using the applicable exchange rates quoted by the PBOC at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the statements of income as part of the related transaction amounts.

 

RMB is not fully convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the PBOC or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign exchange. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC which are determined largely by supply and demand.

 

(p)    Warranty Costs

 

The Group records a liability required for specific product repairs covered under warranty when sales are made. The term of the product warranty is generally twelve months. Based on the limited number of actual warranty claims and the historically low cost of such repairs, the Group has not recognized a liability for warranty claims.

 

(q)    Comprehensive Income

 

The Group had no other comprehensive income for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(r)    Earnings per Share

 

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) excludes dilutive potential ordinary shares and is computed by dividing net income attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of ordinary and dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding during the period.

 

(s)    Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the recoverability of the carrying amount and the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets, valuation allowances for receivables, realizable values for inventories and estimated warranty obligations. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

(t)    Segment Reporting

 

The Group uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operations decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Group’s reportable segments. The Group’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer of the Group. Based on this assessment, the Group has determined it has two reportable operating segments, namely HIFU System and ECLIA System.

 

In view of the fact that the Group operates and manages its business substantially in the PRC, no geographical segment information is presented.

 

(u)    Contingencies

 

In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the businesses that relate to a wide range of matters, including among others, product liability. The Group records accruals for such contingency based upon the assessment of the probability of occurrence and, where determinable, an estimate of the liability. The Group may consider many factors in making these assessments including past history, scientific evidence and the specifics of each matter. As the Group has not become aware of any product liability claim arising from any medical incident over the last three years, the Group has not recognized a liability for product liability claims.

 

(v)    Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No.151, “Inventory Costs—an amendment of ARB No. 43” (“SFAS 151”). SFAS 151 requires amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and wasted material (spoilage) be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, it requires that the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Group does not believe the adoption of SFAS 151 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No.153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, and amendment of APB Opinion No. 29” (“SFAS 153”). The guidance in APB Opinion No. 29 “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions”, is based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS 153 amends APB Opinion 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as result of the exchange. SFAS 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The Group currently does not contemplate entering into any transactions within the scope of SFAS 153. Consequently, the Group does not believe the adoption of SFAS 153 will have material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No.123R “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”), which requires companies to measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value. SFAS 123R replaces SFAS No.123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensationand supersedes APB Opinion No.25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”. SFAS 123R is effective for all interim and annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Under a new U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission rule, a company may elect to adopt the provisions of SFAS 123R at the beginning of their first annual period beginning after June 15, 2005. Consequently, the Company has elected to defer the adoption of SFAS 123R until April 1, 2006. The Company expects to recognize amortization of share-based compensation expense of RMB698,000 (US$84,000) and RMB Nil for the years ending March 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, upon the adoption of SFAS 123R. The estimated impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R as of April 1, 2006, is based on current assumptions regarding stock options currently issued and outstanding. Subsequent issuances of share-based payment will result in additional expenses in future periods. The pro forma results disclosed in Note 4(k) are not necessarily indicative of what the impact of SFAS 123R will be upon adoption.

 

(5)    Trade Accounts Receivable

 

Trade accounts receivable at March 31, 2004 and 2005 consist of the following:

 

     2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Trade accounts receivable

   41,139    85,766    10,363

Bills receivable

   700      
    
  
  
     41,839    85,766    10,363
    
  
  

 

The Group performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions. The Group requires certain customers including hospitals to provide advanced cash deposits for their purchases. The Group has been able to collect all of its receivable balances, and accordingly, did not provide an allowance for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2004 or 2005.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(6)    Prepayments and Other Receivables

 

     2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

VAT refund receivables

   3,078    9,554    1,154

Prepayments (notes (a) and (b))

   2,473    10,722    1,296

Other receivables

   485    297    35
    
  
  
     6,036    20,573    2,485
    
  
  

 

(a)   Prepayments at March 31, 2004 and 2005 include an amount of RMB190,000 and RMB190,000 (US$23,000), respectively, representing the current portion of lease prepayments of the Group (see Note 10).

 

(b)   Prepayments at March 31, 2005 also include an amount of RMB7,901,000 (US$955,000), representing deferred expenses in connection with the preparation for the proposed IPO of the Company.

 

(7)    Inventories

 

Inventories at March 31, 2004 and 2005 consist of the following:

 

     2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Raw materials

   3,076    3,826    462

Work-in-progress

   1,950    4,691    566

Finished goods

   3,100    5,313    642
    
  
  
     8,126    13,830    1,670
    
  
  

 

(8)    Property, Plant and Equipment, net

 

Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:

 

     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

Building and improvements

   73,705     75,916     9,173  

Production equipment

   2,553     3,182     384  

Furniture, fixtures and office equipment

   661     1,067     129  

Motor vehicles (note (a))

   1,339     1,278     154  

Construction-in-progress (note (b))

       141     17  
    

 

 

     78,258     81,584     9,857  

Accumulated depreciation

   (3,254 )   (6,296 )   (761 )
    

 

 

     75,004     75,288     9,096  
    

 

 

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(a)   Motor vehicles

 

As at March 31, 2005, a motor vehicle of the Group was purchased using a long term loan (see Note 12). Gross amount of the motor vehicle and related accumulated depreciation recorded under property, plant and equipment were as follows:

 

     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

Gross amount

   617     617     75  

Accumulated depreciation

   (205 )   (332 )   (40 )
    

 

 

     412     285     35  
    

 

 

 

(b)   Construction-in-progress

 

Construction-in-progress represents expenditures in respect of the leasehold improvements.

 

All of the Group’s buildings are located in the PRC.

 

(9)    Intangible Assets, net

 

The following table summarizes the Group’s net amortized cost of its intangible assets as of March 31, 2005:

 

     Gross
carrying
amount
   Accumulated
amortization
    Net    Net
     RMB’000    RMB’000     RMB’000    US$’000

Patented technology

   10,530    (361 )   10,169    1,229

Unpatented technology

   189,699    (5,533 )   184,166    22,252

Non-compete commitment

   48,135    (2,808 )   45,327    5,476
    
  

 
  
     248,364    (8,702 )   239,662    28,957
    
  

 
  

 

As discussed in Note 22, the Group purchased certain assets, including intangible assets from Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Weixiao”) , a related party controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, in August 2004. These intangible assets include completed technology and know-how in the production of the ECLIA System, a patent and a non-compete commitment. These intangible assets are stated at their relative fair values in relation to the total acquisition cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization expense is recognized on straight-line basis over the estimated respective useful lives of these intangible assets, which are as follows:

 

Years


   

Patented technology

  17

Unpatented technology

  20

Non-compete commitment

  10

 

Patented technology represents a patent for the production of a component of the ECLIA analyzer. The patent was applied by Beijing Weixiao prior to the acquisition.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

Unpatented technology represents specific application and processes related to the production of the ECLIA analyzer and the ECLIA reagent kits, and the Group has begun the process of securing patents with respect to the unpatented technology in applicable jurisdictions. A significant portion of the acquisition cost was allocated to the unpatented technology due to the significant contribution of the unpatented technology to the future cash flows of the Group as compared to the patented technology and the non-compete commitment. The unpatented technology arises from legal rights that existed at the date of the ECLIA acquisition. The technology-based intangible asset is capable of being separated or divided and can be sold, transferred, licensed, rented or exchanged with a related contract.

 

In connection with the acquisition of the ECLIA System, a commitment not to compete against Beijing Yuande was entered into with Beijing Weixiao, a related party controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, from which the Group acquired these intangible assets.

 

For the period from June 2004 through January 2005, the voting interests and, therefore, the authority to make significant operating and policy decisions, were delegated to the three members of the board of directors of Beijing Yuande. As each shareholder of Beijing Yuande had one member as a director on its board, the voting interests in Beijing Yuande were effectively allocated equally among Chengxuan International, a company controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, Golden Meditech and GE China. Consequently, Chengxuan International, notwithstanding its greater than 50% of the equity interests in Beijing Yuande, did not have a majority voting interest nor a controlling financial interest over Beijing Yuande (see note 14). Accordingly, the acquisition of ECLIA assets in August 2004 from this related party was recorded at their relative fair values in relation to the total consideration paid.

 

Amortization expenses for these intangible assets was RMB8,702,000 (US$1,051,000) for the year ended March 31, 2005. Estimated amortization expense for the next five years is RMB14,918,000 (US$1,802,000) each year.

 

(10)    Lease Prepayments, net

 

The balance represents the land use rights of the Group as follows:

 

     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

Land use rights prepaid

   8,641     8,641     1,044  

Accumulated amortization

   (258 )   (448 )   (54 )
    

 

 

     8,383     8,193     990  
    

 

 

The balance is analyzed as follows:

                  

Lease prepayments—non current portion

   8,193     8,003     967  

Amount to be amortized next year (Note 6)

   190     190     23  
    

 

 

     8,383     8,193     990  
    

 

 

 


 

F-17


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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(11)    Accrued Liabilities and Other Payables

 

Accrued liabilities and other payables at March 31, 2004 and 2005 consist of the following:

 

     2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Other payables (note (a))

   75    12,702    1,534

VAT payables

   2,866    13,885    1,678

Accruals for salaries and welfare

   2,684    5,183    626

Receipts in advance (note (b))

      33,092    3,998
    
  
  
     5,625    64,862    7,836
    
  
  

 

(a)   Other payables at March 31, 2005 include an amount of RMB3,889,000 (US$470,000), representing the accrued expenses in connection with the proposed IPO of the Company.

 

Other payables at March 31, 2005 also include an amount of RMB6,207,000 (US$750,000), representing the financial advisory expenses payable for the reorganization of the Group.

 

(b)   Receipts in advance represent cash deposits received from customers in connection with the sales of products.

 

(12)    Long-term loan

 

     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

RMB denominated loan:

— Fixed interest rate of 5.49% per annum as of March 31, 2005 (2004: 5.49%), with maturity in May 2005

   166     24     3  

Less: Amount due within 1 year included under current liabilities

   (142 )   (24 )   (3 )
    

 

 

Amount due after 1 year

   24          
    

 

 

 

As of March 31, 2005, a long term loan of RMB24,000 was used for purchase of a motor vehicle (see Note 8(a)).

 

(13)    Shareholders’ Equity

 

(a)   The Company has a simple capital structure with one class of ordinary shares. On July 6, 2004, the Company issued 1 share for par value of US$0.0001 on incorporation with an authorized share capital of 500,000,000 ordinary shares at par value of US$0.0001 each.

 

       On January 17, 2005, the Company:

 

  (i)   raised capital through the issuance of 999 ordinary shares in a private placement at a price of US$0.0001 per share for a consideration of US$0.0999;

 

  (ii)   consolidated 1,000 ordinary shares in issue with par value of US$0.0001 each to 1 ordinary share with par value of US$0.1 each;

 

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

  (iii)   consolidated 499,999,000 un-issued ordinary shares with par value of US$0.0001 each to 499,999 ordinary share with par value of US$0.1 each; and

 

  (iv)   increased the authorized share capital from 500,000 ordinary shares with par value of US$0.1 each to 500,000,000 ordinary shares of US$0.1 each by the creation of an additional 499,500,000 ordinary shares of US$0.1 each.

 

       On January 19, 2005, in connection with the reorganization, the Company issued 200,000,000 ordinary shares on a pro-rata basis to the shareholders of Beijing Yuande. As part of this corporate reorganization, all three shareholders of Beijing Yuande, Chengxuan International, Golden Meditech and GE China subscribed for and were issued 110,020,000, 50,000,000 and 39,980,000 ordinary shares of the Company, respectively, in exchange for their respective outstanding ownership interests in Beijing Yuande. GE China’s ordinary shares in the Company are held in trust by GEIO. Because the three shareholders’ relative ownership interests in the Company are identical to their ownership interests in Beijing Yuande, the reorganization is deemed to lack substance for financial reporting purposes, and amounts were recorded at their historical cost basis. The excess of the Company’s ordinary shares over the registered capital of Beijing Yuande was first applied to reduce contribution surplus to zero with the remaining amount applied to reduce retained earnings.

 

(b)   In March 2003, Beijing Yuande raised additional capital through the issuance of 16,775,000 and 10,065,000 shares of RMB1.00 par value per share to Golden Meditech and GE China, respectively, in a private placement at a price of RMB2.45 per share for a total consideration of RMB64,032,000 (net of share issue expenses of RMB1,726,000).

 

(c)   Shareholders’ contributions in excess of par value of Beijing Yuande are reflected as contribution surplus (or share premium).

 

(d)   In accordance with the relevant laws and regulations for sino-foreign investment enterprises incorporated under the Law of the PRC on Joint Venture Using Chinese and Foreign Investment, the appropriation to Beijing Yuande’s general reserve fund is at the discretion of the board of directors of the respective joint venturers. In January 2005, Beijing Yuande became a WFOE. Under the Law of the PRC on Enterprises with Sole Foreign Investment, Beijing Yuande is required to set aside at least 10% of its respective after-tax profit determined under the relevant PRC accounting regulations to general reserve fund. The appropriations are required until the balance reaches 50% of Beijing Yuande’s registered capital. Statutory general reserve can be used to recoup previous years’ losses, if any, and may be converted into share capital by the issue of new shares to shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings, or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them, provided that the reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered share capital. The transfer to this reserve must be made before distribution of any dividend to shareholders. For the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2005, Beijing Yuande transferred RMB3,314,000 and RMB6,639,000 (US$802,000), respectively, being 10% of the respective year’s net income determined in accordance with PRC accounting rules and regulations, to this reserve.

 

(e)   In accordance with the relevant laws and regulations in the PRC, Beijing Yuande is required to make appropriation to a staff welfare and bonus reserve. The amount allocated to this fund is at the discretion of the board of directors. The appropriation to staff welfare and bonus reserve has been reclassified as expense as it is a liability to the employees. This fund is recorded as a current liability

 


 

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Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

 

and can only be utilized for making special bonuses or collective welfare to the employees of Beijing Yuande, such as construction of dormitories, canteen and other welfare facilities. For the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2005, the directors authorized and the shareholders’ approved, the transfer of RMB2,407,000 and RMB3,750,000 (US$453,000), respectively, being 5% and 3% of the respective year’s net income determined in accordance with the PRC accounting rules and regulations, to this fund.

 

(f)   According to the Articles of Association of Beijing Yuande, the amount of retained earnings available for distribution to shareholders is the amount determined in accordance with the PRC accounting rules and regulations. As of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, the statutory year end for Beijing Yuande, the amount of retained earnings available for distribution was RMB39,192,000, RMB67,363,000 and RMB66,387,000 (US$8,021,000) respectively, being the amount determined in accordance with the PRC accounting rules and regulations. Dividends of RMB39,192,000 in respect of the statutory years 2001 and 2002 and RMB28,171,000 in respect of the statutory year 2003 were declared after December 31, 2003 and had been recognized as a liability at the balance sheet date March 31, 2004. No dividend in respect of the statutory year 2004 was declared as of the balance sheet date of March 31, 2005 (see Note 20).

 

(14)    Shareholders’ Agreements

 

In March 2003, Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Chengxuan”), Peking University People’s Hospital (“PUPH”), Golden Meditech, Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development Co., Ltd. (“Boda”), GE China, other four individual shareholders, and Beijing Yuande entered into a shareholders’ agreement (the “Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement”), which provided for certain matters relating to the management of Beijing Yuande. The Shareholders’ Agreement provided that the Board of Directors of Beijing Yuande would consist of nine directors. Each of Beijing Chengxuan, PUPH and Golden Meditech was entitled to designate two directors, respectively, and Boda was entitled to designate one director. In addition, the Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement also provided that Beijing Chengxuan would be entitled to nominate two independent directors to the Board of Directors of Beijing Yuande. If any vacancy occurs on the Board, the shareholders entitled to designate such outgoing directors shall have the right to designate or nominate a replacement.

 

The Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement provided an observer right to the representative of GE China, who may attend all meetings of the Board in a nonvoting capacity but shall not disclose any business of the Board to any person, other than an affiliated of such representative.

 

In accordance with the Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement, Beijing Yuande granted GE China a right of first refusal to act, or to designate one or more of GE China’s affiliates to act, as the sole and exclusive distributor of the products of Beijing Yuande outside the PRC. Such distribution may be conducted directly or indirectly (through dealer or other channels) by GE China or affiliates of GE China.

 

In May 2004, a revised Memorandum and Articles of Association (the “Revised M&A”) was adopted by the shareholders of Beijing Yuande and duly executed. All matters relating to the management of Beijing Yuande as stipulated in the Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement were superseded by the Revised M&A. As such, Beijing Yuande Shareholders’ Agreement was null and void.

 

 


 

F-20


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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

Under the Revised M&A, Golden Meditech and GE China, which hold an equity interest of 25% and 15% respectively in Beijing Yuande, each held one of the three seats on the Board of Directors, and, as a result, effectively had an equal voting interest to make significant decisions that are expected to be made in the ordinary course of Beijing Yuande’s business operations. Parties to the Revised M&A believed the delegation of the decision-making authority to the board members was necessary to protect the interests of the minority shareholders of Beijing Yuande and to encourage the participation of GE China and Golden Meditech to enhance the corporate governance of Beijing Yuande.

 

On January 19, 2005, Chengxuan International (formerly “Beijing Chengxuan”), Golden Meditech and GEIO (formerly “GE China”) entered into a new Shareholders’ Agreement (the “January 2005 Shareholders’ Agreement”), which provides for certain matters relating to the management of the Company. The January 2005 Shareholders’ Agreement provided that the Board of Directors of the Company will consist of five directors. Chengxuan International and Golden Meditech were entitled to designate two and one directors, respectively. In addition, the January 2005 Shareholders’ Agreement also provided that Chengxuan International will be entitled to designate two independent directors to the Board of Directors of the Company. If any vacancy occurs on the Board, the shareholders entitled to designate such outgoing directors shall have the right to designate a replacement.

 

The January 2005 Shareholders’ Agreement provided an observer right to the representative of GEIO, who may attend all meetings of the Board in a nonvoting capacity but shall not disclose any business of the Board to any person, other than an affiliated of such representative.

 

(15)    Earnings per share

 

Basic earnings per share for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2005 have been calculated by dividing net income by the number of shares issued and outstanding of 200,000,001 as if such shares had been outstanding for the periods presented. Basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended March 31, 2003 reflects the pro rata effect on the weighted average number of shares outstanding resulting from the contribution of capital by shareholders received during 2003.

 

As described in Notes 1 and 13, 200,000,000 shares of the Company were issued to all three shareholders of Beijing Yuande in consideration for the exchange and acquisition of their equity interests in Beijing Yuande in connection with the corporate reorganization.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years indicated:

 

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Numerator:

                     

Net income

   27,556    61,561    118,443      14,310
    
  
  
  

Denominator:

                     

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding and shares used in computing basic earnings per share (‘000)

   122,411    200,000    200,000      200,000

Weighted average number of potential ordinary shares (‘000)

   18    18    18      18
    
  
  
  

Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share (‘000)

   122,429    200,018    200,018      200,018
    
  
  
  

Earnings per share

                     

— basic and diluted

   RMB0.23    RMB0.31    RMB0.59    US$ 0.07
    
  
  
  

 

The weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding used to calculate earnings per share for periods prior to the corporate reorganization in January 2005 has been retroactively determined based upon the exchange ratio used to issue shares as part of the reorganization. For the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, diluted earnings per share have been computed to give effect to 400,000 ordinary shares of the Company issuable upon exercise of the options granted on March 14, 2005.

 

(16)    Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets and lease prepayments are included in the following captions:

 

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Cost of revenues

   1,859    903    9,950    1,202

General and administrative

   419    553    2,321    280
    
  
  
  
     2,278    1,456    12,271    1,482
    
  
  
  

 

(17)    Sales and Marketing Expenses

 

Sales and marketing expenses for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 include repairing and warranty expenses of RMB34,000, RMB8,000 and RMB28,000 (US$3,000), respectively.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(18)    General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 include the following:

 

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Personnel expenses

   4,168    3,445    5,409    654

Financial advisory expenses

         6,207    750

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   375       146    18
    
  
  
  

 

Financial advisory expenses represent amounts incurred for the reorganization of the Group.

 

(19)    Other income

 

Included in other income for the year ended March 31, 2005 was a non-refundable grant of RMB1,556,000 (US$188,000) granted by the PRC government authorities as Beijing Yuande operates in the high and new technology business sector. The income can be used for enterprise development and technology innovation purposes.

 

(20)    Dividends

 

Pursuant to resolutions passed at two Directors’ meetings of Beijing Yuande held in January and February 2004, final dividends of RMB0.9735 and RMB0.4198 per share totalling RMB39,192,000 in respect of the statutory years 2001 and 2002, and RMB28,171,000 in respect of the statutory year 2003, were declared during the year ended March 31, 2004, respectively. Shareholders approved the resolutions at two meetings in February and March 2004, respectively. No dividend in respect of the statutory year 2004 was declared by the board of Beijing Yuande as of the balance sheet date of March 31, 2005.

 

(21)    Income Taxes

 

Cayman Islands Tax

 

Under the current laws of Cayman Islands, the Company is not subject to tax on income or capital gain. In addition, upon payments of dividends by the Company to its shareholders, no Cayman Islands withholding tax is imposed.

 

PRC Tax

 

As Beijing Yuande is a foreign owned enterprise and high technology enterprise with operations in an economic-technological development area in the PRC, it is eligible for an exemption from income tax for three years starting from the first profitable year of operations and thereafter a 50 percent relief from income tax for the following three years under the Income Tax Law of the PRC (the “tax holiday”). Beijing Yuande generated taxable income during its statutory year ended December 31, 1999 and was entitled to full income tax exemption until December 31, 2001. The statutory income tax rate was 15% under the relevant PRC income tax laws and Beijing Yuande was entitled to 50% exemption from income tax for statutory years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. Since January 1, 2005, taxable income of Beijing Yuande is subject to a statutory income tax rate of 15% due to the expiry of relief from income tax.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

U.S. Tax

 

Yuande (USA) Corp., a subsidiary of Beijing Yuande, was incorporated in January 2005 and is subject to income taxes in the U.S., which has a corporate tax rate of 35% and in the state of California, which has a corporate tax rate of 8.84%.

 

Income tax expense consists of:

 

     Current    Deferred    Total
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000

PRC Income tax

              

Year ended March 31, 2005

   11,854       11,854
    
  
  

Year ended March 31, 2004

   4,690    243    4,933
    
  
  

Year ended March 31, 2003

   3,096    190    3,286
    
  
  

 

Income tax expense reported in the statements of income differs from the amount computed by applying the PRC income tax rate of 15% for the three years ended March 31, 2005 for the following reasons:

 

     2003     2004     2005     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

Income before tax

   30,842     66,494     130,297     15,742  
    

 

 

 

Computed “expected” tax expense (note (a))

   4,626     9,974     19,545     2,361  

Non-deductible expenses

   1,344     398     619     75  

Non-taxable income

   (18 )   (1,062 )   (2,443 )   (296 )

Tax holiday

   (2,880 )   (4,538 )   (5,749 )   (695 )

Other

   214     161     (118 )   (13 )
    

 

 

 

Actual income tax expense

   3,286     4,933     11,854     1,432  
    

 

 

 

 

(a)   The PRC income tax rate has been used since substantially all of the Group’s operations and taxable income are generated in the PRC.

 

Deferred taxes in respect of temporary timing differences between carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and amounts used for tax reporting purposes are immaterial.

 

If Beijing Yuande was not in a tax holiday period for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, income tax expense and earnings per share amounts would be as follows:

 

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Income tax expense

   6,166    9,471    17,603      2,127
    
  
  
  

Earnings per share

                     

— basic and diluted

   RMB0.20    RMB0.29    RMB0.56    US$ 0.07
    
  
  
  

 


 

F-24


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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

(22)    Related Party Transactions

 

The Group has undertaken significant business transactions in the ordinary course of business with related parties in the PRC during the three years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005.

 

     2003    2004    2005    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000    US$’000

Sales of medical equipment (a)

   5,026    11,966    4,145    501

Purchase of raw materials (b)

   9,360    6,820      

Provision of repairing services (c)

         3   

Purchase of building and land use rights (d)

   60,000    4,807      

Purchase of ECLIA System (e)

         250,000    30,206
    
  
  
  

 

(a)   The Group sold two, six and two units of products to PUPH and GEMS Trade and Deve (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“GE Shanghai”), a related company of GE China, in 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively.

 

    Transactions with PUPH were generally conducted on terms no less favorable to the Group that could be obtained from third parties. PUPH was a shareholder of Beijing Yuande during the respective years.

 

    The Group had significant transactions and relationships with GE Shanghai, a related company of GE China, which is a shareholder of the Company, and Beijing Yuande, during the respective years. Because of this relationship, it was possible that the terms of these transactions were not the same as those that would result from transactions with third parties. Sales of medical equipment to GE Shanghai have been generally at prices which were less than prices charged to third parties

 

(b)   The Group purchases ultrasound imaging system used in the assembly of products from a related company of GE China. As of March 31, 2004 and 2005, no amounts were due to the related company respectively.

 

(c)   The Group signed a service agreement with GE Shanghai for the provision of repairing service to the customers of GE Shanghai. Expenses incurred during the provision of services are reimbursed from GE Shanghai. In addition, a repairing service income, representing 10% mark-up on the expenses incurred, is chargeable and receivable from GE Shanghai.

 

(d)   On February 27, 2004, the Group signed a sale and purchase agreement with Beijing Weixiao, a related party controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, to purchase a building at RMB64,807,000 (US$7,830,000). A prepayment of RMB60,000,000 was made in March 2003. The remaining balance on the purchase of the building was reflected as amounts due to a related party in the balance sheet as of March 31, 2004 and subsequently settled in April 2004.

 

(e)   In August 2004, the Group purchased from Beijing Weixiao, a related party controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, the ECLIA System.

 

    The ECLIA System is designed to detect and monitor various disorders through laboratory evaluation and analysis of blood, urine or other body fluids. The Group currently offers 27 types of reagent kits for use with the ECLIA System analyzer for various thyroid disorders, diabetes, disorders related to reproduction and growth and various types of tumors.

 

    The ECLIA System was launched to the market in September 2004.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

    Under the acquisition agreement, the Group agreed to pay Beijing Weixiao an aggregate purchase price of RMB250 million (US$30.2 million) for the ECLIA System technology and related inventory, of which RMB150 million was paid as of March 31, 2005 and the remaining RMB100 million will be paid by September 30, 2005. The aggregate purchase price of RMB250 million was allocated to inventories (RMB1.6 million) and intangible assets (RMB248.4 million) (see Note 9).

 

(f)   Mr. Wu Xiaodong is the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer and a significant shareholder of the Company as of March 31, 2005.

 

       Amounts due from/(to) related parties

 

          2004     2005     2005  
     Note    RMB’000     RMB’000     US$’000  

Current asset

                       

Amount due from:

                       

GE Shanghai—trade

   (i)    2,250          
         

 

 

Non-current asset

                       

Amount due from:

                       

Related party—non-trade

   (ii)    99          
         

 

 

Current liability

                       

Amounts due to:

                       

Beijing Weixiao—non-trade

   (iii)    (4,807 )   (100,000 )   (12,082 )

GE Shanghai—non-trade

   (iv)        (421 )   (51 )
         

 

 

          (4,807 )   (100,421 )   (12,133 )
         

 

 

Non-current liability

                       

Amount due to:

                       

Shareholder—non-trade

   (v)        (2,293 )   (277 )
         

 

 

 

Amounts due from/(to) related parties comprise mainly:

 

  (i)   receivables for sale of one unit of medical equipment to GE Shanghai. This amount was repaid in May 2004.

 

  (ii)   advances to Beijing Weixiao for working capital purpose. During the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, aggregate amounts of RMB6,014,000, RMB12,043,000 and RMBNil (US$Nil) were advanced to Beijing Weixiao. These advances were unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment. Cash repayments of RMB6,510,000, RMB30,083,000 and RMB99,000 (US$12,000) were received from Beijing Weixiao during the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

 

  (iii)   remaining amount payable for the purchase of a building from Beijing Weixiao amounted to RMB4,807,000 as of March 31, 2004. The amount due was fully settled by cash in April 2004.

 

      Amount as of March 31, 2005 represents remaining balance payable to Beijing Weixiao for the purchase of the ECLIA System in August 2004. According to the acquisition agreement, the Group agreed to pay the RMB100 million by September 30, 2005.

 

  (iv)   advance payment from GE Shanghai in respect of the provision of repairing service to the customers of this related company. The balances due were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable within one year.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

  (v)   payables to Chengxuan International for the payment of expenses in connection with the preparation of the IPO and operating expenses incurred on behalf of the Company. Chengxuan International is a company controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong. The balances due were unsecured, non-interest bearing and are subject to no fixed terms of repayment.

 

(23)    Segment Information

 

The Group’s principal operating segments coincide with the types of products to be sold. The products from which revenues are derived are consistent with the reporting structure of the Group’s internal organization. The Group has two reportable segments: HIFU system and ECLIA system.

 

The Group’s segment information for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 is prepared using the following methodology:

 

·   Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining segment income.

 

·   Expenses not directly associated with specific segments are allocated based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount, square footage and other factors.

 

·   Segment assets are based on those directly associated with each segment, and include an allocation of certain assets relating to segment and general use, based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount, square footage and other factors.

 

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used by the Group.

 

     HIFU
system
    ECLIA
system
    Total  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     RMB’000  

Year ended March 31, 2005

                  

Net sales to external customers

   177,275     40,272     217,547  
    

 

 

Segment income

   110,127     21,359     131,486  

Reconciling items (note (a))

               (2,937 )
                

Operating income

               128,549  

Other income

               1,559  

Interest income

               194  

Interest expense

               (5 )
                

Income before income taxes

               130,297  
                

Segment assets

   96,805     275,293     372,098  
    

 

 

Expenditures for long-lived assets

   3,357     248,724     252,081  
    

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

   (817 )   (9,133 )   (9,950 )
    

 

 

Year ended March 31, 2004

                  

Net sales to external customers

   110,750         110,750  
    

 

 

Segment income

   66,645         66,645  

Reconciling items (note (a))

               (165 )
                

Operating income

               66,480  

Other income

                

Interest income

               126  

Interest expense

               (112 )
                

Income before income taxes

               66,494  
                

Segment assets

   98,097     n/a     98,097  
    

 

 

Expenditures for long-lived assets

   (513 )       (513 )
    

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

   (1,291 )       (1,291 )
    

 

 

 


 

F-27


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

     HIFU
system
    ECLIA
system
   Total  
     RMB’000     RMB’000    RMB’000  

Year ended March 31, 2003

                 

Net sales to external customers

   63,716        63,716  
    

 
  

Segment income

   32,804        32,804  

Reconciling items (note (a))

              (159 )
               

Operating income

              32,645  

Other income

               

Interest income

              56  

Interest expense

              (1,859 )
               

Income before income taxes

              30,842  
               

Segment assets

   147,207     n/a    147,207  
    

 
  

Expenditures for long-lived assets

   (2,713 )      (2,713 )
    

 
  

Depreciation and amortization

   (2,119 )      (2,119 )
    

 
  

 

(a) Reconciliation of total segment income to consolidated operating income

 

     Year ended March 31,

 
     2003     2004     2005  
     RMB’000     RMB’000     RMB’000  

Total segment income

   32,804     66,645     131,486  

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment

   (159 )   (165 )   (2,321 )

Others

           (616 )
    

 

 

Consolidated total operating income

   32,645     66,480     128,549  
    

 

 

 

(b) Reconciliation of total segment assets to consolidated total assets

 

     Year ended March 31,

     2003    2004    2005
     RMB’000    RMB’000    RMB’000

Total assets for reportable segments

   147,207    98,097    372,098

Others:-

              

Cash and cash equivalents

   27,371    24,114    14,646

Property, plant and equipment(i)

   3,966    64,232    54,690

Other assets(ii)

   1,266    5,718    16,334
    
  
  

Consolidated total assets

   179,810    192,161    457,768
    
  
  
(i)   Property, plant and equipment comprised of certain fixed assets, or allocated portions thereof that are not uniquely identifiable with the operations of particular segment.
(ii)   Other assets primarily include prepayments and other receivables and lease prepayments.

 


 

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CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

In view of the fact that the Group operates and manages its business substantially in the PRC, no geographical segment information is presented.

 

(24)    Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

 

Pursuant to the relevant PRC regulations, Beijing Yuande is required to make contributions at approximately 19% of the employees’ salaries and wages to a defined contribution retirement scheme organized by the Beijing Social Security Bureau in respect of the retirement benefits for Beijing Yuande’s employees in the PRC. The contributions for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 amounted to RMB174,000, RMB186,000 and RMB271,000 (US$33,000) respectively.

 

The   Group has no other obligation to make payments in respect of retirement benefits of its employees.

 

(25)    Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

The Group did not enter into any derivative financial instruments for any purpose during the years presented. The Group does not hedge risk exposures or speculate using derivative instruments.

 

(26)    Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. The carrying amount of financial assets, such as cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other receivables, amounts due from related parties, and financial liabilities, such as short term borrowing, current instalments of long-term loan, trade accounts payable, amounts due to related parties and other payables, approximates their fair values because of the short term maturity of these instruments. The Group does not hold nor issue financial instruments for trading purposes.

 

(27)    Business and Credit Concentrations

 

(i)   All of the Group’s customers are located in the PRC. The following are the customers that individually comprised 10% or more of revenue in any year during the relevant periods:

 

     2003         2004         2005         2005
     RMB’000    %    RMB’000    %    RMB’000    %    US$’000

Changzhou Zhong Heng Commerce Co., Ltd.

   25,641    40                   

Beijing Jia Xing Fang Zhou Trade Co., Ltd.

           25,641    23           

Kunshan Creation Industry Development Co., Ltd.

           15,385    14    30,769    14    3,718

Ningbo Ruichang Industry Co., Ltd.

           15,385    14    12,821    6    1,549

Shanghai Silai Trade Co., Ltd.

   10,171    16    9,479    8    25,641    12    3,098

Shanghai Yi Li System Technology Co., Ltd.

           12,820    12           

GEMS Trade and Deve (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

           11,966    11    4,145    2    501

Beijing Wei Jian Da Medical Technology Co. Ltd.

                   51,282    24    6,196
    
  
  
  
  
  
  

 

       For the customers that individually comprised 10% or more of revenue in any year during the relevant periods, the Group’s business had three customers which accounted for fifty percent of

 


 

F-29


Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

 

revenue for the year ended March 31, 2005, five customers which contributed to seventy-four percent of revenue for the year ended March 31, 2004 and two customers which contributed to fifty-six percent of revenue for the year ended March 31, 2003, respectively. The Group performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires advanced deposits from its customers as collateral.

 

       The Group considers its relationships with these major customers to be good.

 

(ii)   The Group is dependent on single-source suppliers for much of the materials and major components used to manufacture its products. If the supply of certain materials or components were interrupted, such interruption could delay the Group’s own manufacturing process and could result in a possible loss of sales, which would adversely affect operating results. The ultrasound imaging system and the treatment bed, major components of products sold, are manufactured by a related company of GE China and a local supplier, respectively. Purchases (net of VAT) made from the related company for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 were RMB8,000,000, RMB5,829,000 and RMB Nil (US$ Nil ), respectively. Purchases (net of VAT) made from an import company for the ultrasound imaging system and a local supplier for the treatment bed for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 were RMB2,556,000, RMB22,248,000 and RMB45,509,000 (US$5,499,000), respectively.

 

(iii)   Accounts receivable from the four and three customers, who individually comprise 10% or more of the outstanding balance, represented 76% and 62%, respectively, of the balance of the account at March 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

 

(28)    Stock option plan

 

On February 2, 2005, the Company adopted the 2005 stock option plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to which the Company’s Board of Directors may grant stock options to directors and employees. Under the Plan, the Company has reserved an aggregate of 30,000,000 of its ordinary shares for issuance under the Plan. The Plan will remain in effect for 5 years starting from the date of adoption.

 

On March 14, 2005, the Company granted to two directors options to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 ordinary shares at an exercise price of US$1.36 per share. One-third of the options will become exercisable one year after the Vesting Commencement Date (the “Date”), another one-third will become exercisable 18 months after the Date and the remaining one-third will become exercisable two years after the Date. All outstanding options will expire on December 31, 2009.

 

Stock option activity during the years indicated is as follows:

 

     Number
of shares
   Exercise
price

Granted and outstanding as of March 31, 2005

   400,000    US$ 1.36
    
  

 

 


 

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Table of Contents

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005

(expressed in RMB and US$)

 

The fair value of the options granted is estimated on the date of grant using the dividend adjusted Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following assumptions:

 

Option grants     

Average risk-free interest rate of return

   3.911%

Weighted average expected option life

   2.75 years

Volatility rate

   30.00%

Dividend yield

   0.00%

 

The fair value of the Company’s ordinary shares issuable under the options granted during the year ended March 31, 2005 was determined by the Company with reference to the estimated price range of US$1.40 to US$1.60 per ordinary share and with discussions with the underwriter of the Company’s IPO. Accordingly, the Company considered US$1.50 per ordinary share, the midpoint of the estimated range of the IPO price, to be an appropriate indicator of the fair value of its ordinary shares. Accordingly, share-based compensation of RMB463,000 (US$56,000) should be recorded during the year ended March 31, 2005, which represents the difference between the exercise price of US$1.36 per ordinary share and the estimated fair value of US$1.50 per ordinary share in respect of 400,000 ordinary shares issuable under the options granted on March 14, 2005. Deferred share-based compensation expenses should be amortized on a straight-line basis over the two-year vesting period. Amortization of this share-based compensation through March 31, 2005 was inconsequential.

 

No options were exercisable as of March 31, 2005 nor forfeited during March 31, 2005.

 

(29)    Operating lease obligations

 

Rental expense for obligations under operating leases was RMB Nil, RMB Nil and RMB219,000 (US$26,000) for the years ended March 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. As of March 31, 2005, the total future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases in respect of premises are payable as follows:

 

     RMB’000

For the year ending March 31,

    

2006

   566

2007

   328

2008

  

2009

  

2010

  
    
     894
    

 

(30)    Additional financial information

 

Non-cash transactions

 

On February 27, 2004, Beijing Yuande signed a sale and purchase agreement for the purchase of a building from Beijing Weixiao, a related party controlled by Mr. Wu Xiaodong, for a purchase consideration of RMB64,807,000. Part of the consideration was settled by the prepayment of RMB60,000,000 made in March 2003. The remaining balance on the purchase of the building has been reflected as amounts due to Beijing Weixiao in the balance sheet as of March 31, 2004.

 

In August 2004, Beijing Yuande acquired certain intangible assets and related inventory for RMB250 million from Beijing Weixiao, of which RMB150 million has been paid as of March 31, 2005. The remaining RMB100 million payable is reflected as an amount due to a related party with an offsetting increase to intangible assets in the balance sheet as of March 31, 2005 (see Note 22).

 


 

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LOGO

 

Through and including                     , 2005, (the 25th date after the date of this prospectus) federal securities law may require all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, to deliver a prospectus. This requirement is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.


Table of Contents

 

PART II

 

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

ITEM 6.    INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.

 

Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences or committing a crime. Our second amended and restated articles of association, which will be adopted upon the closing of this offering, will provide for indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such, except through their own dishonesty, fraud or default.

 

Under the form of indemnification agreements filed as Exhibit 10.2 to this Registration Statement, we will agree to indemnify our directors and executive officers against certain liabilities and expenses incurred by such persons in connection with claims made by reason of their being such a director or executive officer.

 

The form of Underwriting Agreement to be filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Registration Statement will also provide for indemnification of us and our officers and directors.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

ITEM 7.    RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.

 

During the past three years, we have issued the following securities (including options to acquire our ordinary shares). We believe that each of the following issuances was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act or under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act regarding transactions not involving a public offering.

 

In March 2003, in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act, our predecessor and directly wholly-owned subsidiary YDME Beijing, a company organized under the laws of the PRC, conducted a private placement of 10,065,000 ordinary shares to GE (China) Co., Ltd., a company organized under the laws of the PRC, and 16,775,000 ordinary shares to Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited, a company organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, at a cash purchase price of US$0.296 per share. No underwriter was involved in this transaction.

 

In January 2005, we issued 200,000,000 ordinary shares for all the equity interests of YDME Beijing. Each of Chengxuan, GE and Golden Meditech subscribed for 110,020,000, 39,980,000 and 50,000,000 of our ordinary shares, respectively, in exchange for their respective outstanding ownership interests in YDME Beijing. No underwriter was involved in this transaction.

 

On March 14, 2005, we granted options to purchase a total of 400,000 ordinary shares to two directors at an exercise price of US$1.36 per share.

 


 

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ITEM 8.    EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

 

(a)    Exhibits

 

Exhibit Number

  

Description of Document


1.1   

Form of Underwriting Agreement

3.1   

Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant, as currently in effect

3.2   

Form of Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant

4.1   

Registrant’s Specimen American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.3)

4.2   

Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Ordinary Shares

4.3   

Form of Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, the depositary and holders and beneficial owners of the American Depositary Shares issued thereunder

4.4   

Stock Subscription and Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 23, 2002, among GE (China) Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited, Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development Co., Ltd., Beijing University People’s Hospital, Bi Xiaoqiong, He Shenxu, Bengbu Wanrong Equity Investment Advisory Co., Ltd., Beijing Dongfang Chuanzhi Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

4.5   

Share Subscription Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among China Medical Technologies, Inc., Chengxuan International Ltd., General Electric International Operations Company, Inc. and Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited

4.6   

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

4.7   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2003, among GE (China) Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited, Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development co., Ltd., Beijing Univesity People’s Hospital, Bi Xiaoqiong, He Shenxu, Bengbu Wanrong Equity Investment Advisory Co., Ltd., Beijing Dongfang Chuanzhi Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Biological and Engineering Co., Ltd.

4.8   

Articles of association of Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd., dated as of May 12, 2004, among Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited and GE (China) Co., Ltd.

4.9   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

4.10   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

5.1   

Form of Opinion of Walkers regarding the validity of the ordinary shares being registered

8.1   

Forms of Latham & Watkins LLP opinion regarding certain U.S. tax matters

10.1   

2005 stock option plan adopted on February 2, 2005

10.2   

Form of Indemnification Agreement with the Registrant’s directors

10.3   

Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and a Senior Executive Officer of the Registrant

10.4   

Acquisition Agreement regarding the ECLIA technology dated as of January 18, 2005 between Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

 


 

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Exhibit Number

  

Description of Document


10.5   

General Electric Ultrasound Equipment Supply Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2003 and the amendment agreement dated as of November 16, 2004, between Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd. and GE (China) Co., Ltd.

10.6   

Service Agreement dated on April 1, 2004 between General Electric and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

10.7   

Building Purchase Agreement entered into in February 2004 between Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

10.8   

Sample Purchase Contract between Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd. and GE Medical Systems Trade and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

21.1   

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

23.1   

Consent of KPMG

23.2   

Consent of Walkers (included in Exhibit 5.1)

23.3   

Consent of Latham & Watkins LLP

23.4   

Consent of Guantao Law Firm

23.5   

Consent of Synovate Healthcare

24.1   

Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)

 

(b)    Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in our Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.

 

ITEM 9.    UNDERTAKINGS.

 

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant under the provisions described in Item 6, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against pubic policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

(1)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

 


 

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(2)   For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 


 

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Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Beijing, People’s Republic of China, on July 15, 2005.

 

CHINA MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

By:

 

/s/ Xiaodong Wu


      Name:    Xiaodong Wu
      Title:      Chairman of the Board and
                 Chief Executive Officer

 

Power of attorney

 

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints each of Xiaodong Wu and Takyung (Sam) Tsang his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement and any and all related Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/ Xiaodong Wu


Xiaodong Wu

  

Chairman of the Board /

Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

  July 15, 2005

/s/ Iain Ferguson Bruce


Iain Ferguson Bruce

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Cole R. Capener


Cole R. Capener

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Lawrence A. Crum


Lawrence A. Crum

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Ruyu Du


Ruyu Du

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Xiaodong Wu


Xiaodong Wu

   Director   July 15, 2005

 


 

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Exhibit 24.1


 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/ Minshi (Mike) Shen


Minshi (Mike) Shen

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Ting (Tina) Zheng


Ting (Tina) Zheng

   Director   July 15, 2005

/s/ Takyung (Sam) Tsang


Takyung (Sam) Tsang

  

Chief Financial Officer (principal

financial and accounting officer)

  July 15, 2005

 


 

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Signature of authorized representative of the registrant

 

Under the Securities Act, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States, of China Medical Technologies, Inc., has signed this Registration Statement or amendment thereto in Newark, Delaware, on July 15, 2005.

 

Authorized U.S. Representative

By:

 

/s/ Donald J. Puglisi


   

  Name:  Donald J. Puglisi

   

  Title:    Managing Director,

                Puglisi & Associates

 


 

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China Medical Technologies, Inc.


 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit Number

  

Description of Document


1.1   

Form of Underwriting Agreement

3.1   

Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant, as currently in effect

3.2   

Form of Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant

4.1   

Registrant’s Specimen American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.3)

4.2   

Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Ordinary Shares

4.3   

Form of Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, the depositary and holders and beneficial owners of the American Depositary Shares issued thereunder

4.4   

Stock Subscription and Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 23, 2002, among GE (China) Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited, Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development Co., Ltd., Beijing University People’s Hospital, Bi Xiaoqiong, He Shenxu, Bengbu Wanrong Equity Investment Advisory Co., Ltd., Beijing Dongfang Chuanzhi Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

4.5   

Share Subscription Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among China Medical Technologies, Inc., Chengxuan International Ltd., General Electric International Operations Company, Inc. and Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited

4.6   

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

4.7   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2003, among GE (China) Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited, Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Beijing Boda Technology Investment and Development co., Ltd., Beijing Univesity People’s Hospital, Bi Xiaoqiong, He Shenxu, Bengbu Wanrong Equity Investment Advisory Co., Ltd., Beijing Dongfang Chuanzhi Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Biological and Engineering Co., Ltd.

4.8   

Articles of association of Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd., dated as of May 12, 2004, among Beijing Chengxuan Economic and Trade Co., Ltd., Golden Meditech (BVI) Company Limited and GE (China) Co., Ltd.

4.9   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

4.10   

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2005, among the Registrant and other parties therein

5.1   

Form of Opinion of Walkers regarding the validity of the ordinary shares being registered

8.1   

Form of Latham & Watkins opinion LLP regarding certain U.S. tax matters

10.1   

2005 stock option plan adopted on February 2, 2005

10.2   

Form of Indemnification Agreement with the Registrant’s directors

10.3   

Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and a Senior Executive Officer of the Registrant

10.4   

Acquisition Agreement regarding the ECLIA technology dated as of January 18, 2005 between Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

 


 

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China Medical Technologies, Inc.


 

Exhibit Number

  

Description of Document


10.5   

General Electric Ultrasound Equipment Supply Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2003 and the amendment agreement dated as of November 16, 2004, between Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd. and GE (China) Co., Ltd.

10.6   

Service Agreement dated on April 1, 2004 between General Electric and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

10.7   

Building Purchase Agreement entered into in February 2004 between Beijing Weixiao Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd.

10.8   

Sample Purchase Contract between Beijing Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering Co., Ltd. and GE Medical Systems Trade and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

21.1    Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23.1    Consent of KPMG
23.2    Consent of Walkers (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3    Consent of Latham & Watkins LLP
23.4    Consent of Guantao Law Firm
23.5    Consent of Synovate Healthcare
24.1    Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)

 


 

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