10-Q 1 dp43814_10q.htm FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
 

 
FORM 10-Q
 

 
 
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2013
 
OR
 
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                 to                 .
 
Commission file number 001-33397
 

    
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
 

     
DELAWARE
 
13-4306188
(State or Other
Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or
Organization)
 
I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.
 
2275 Research Blvd., Suite 500
Rockville, Maryland 20850
 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Zip Code)
 
(301) 840-3888
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
 
 

 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No  o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer x
   
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No  x
 
As of February 10, 2014, there were 57,300,713 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
 
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
1
 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
12
   
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
23
   
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
23
 
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
   
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
24
   
Item 1A. Risk Factors
24
   
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
25
   
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
25
   
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
25
   
Item 5. Other Information
25
   
Item 6. Exhibits
25
   
Signatures
25
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)
(UNAUDITED)
   
December 31, 2013
   
March 31, 2013
 
ASSETS
           
Current Assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
61,553
   
$
79,050
 
Restricted cash
   
69,899
     
68,410
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,461 and $7,515, respectively
   
18,087
     
30,183
 
Inventories
   
91,832
     
87,707
 
Due from related parties
   
3,139
     
2,696
 
Income tax receivable
   
1
     
5
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
29,555
     
18,404
 
Assets held for sale
   
3,247
     
0
 
Total current assets
   
277,313
     
286,455
 
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
146,177
     
130,121
 
Land use rights, net
   
9,460
     
10,829
 
Intangible assets, net
   
3,955
     
4,135
 
Restricted cash
   
53,932
     
39,883
 
Due from related parties
   
2,602
     
2,981
 
Other assets
   
663
     
1,740
 
TOTAL ASSETS
 
$
494,102
   
$
476,144
 
                 
                 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
               
Current Liabilities:
               
Short-term debt
 
$
101,538
   
$
127,449
 
Long-term debt due within one year
   
46,535
     
82,663
 
Accounts payable
   
56,310
     
48,717
 
Due to related parties
   
1,454
     
1,862
 
Advances from customers
   
21,477
     
12,982
 
Other current liabilities
   
49,284
     
52,788
 
Total current liabilities
   
276,598
     
326,461
 
Long-term debt
   
147,105
     
102,164
 
Deferred revenue
   
4,237
     
4,402
 
Capital lease obligations
   
7,995
     
7,848
 
Other long-term liabilities
   
6,328
     
6,062
 
Total liabilities
   
442,263
     
446,937
 
                 
Commitments and Contingencies
               
Equity:
               
Common stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $.0001 par value: 250,000 authorized; 57,301 and 57,301 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, respectively
   
6
     
6
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
135,440
     
135,440
 
Accumulated deficit
   
(114,673
)
   
(135,508
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
30,986
     
28,828
 
Total common stockholders’ equity
   
51,759
     
28,766
 
Noncontrolling interest
   
80
     
441
 
Total equity
   
51,839
     
29,207
 
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
$
494,102
   
$
476,144
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
1
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
  (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(UNAUDITED)

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
  
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Net sales
 
$
101,034
   
$
73,228
   
$
271,795
   
$
192,914
 
Cost of sales
   
60,731
     
41,717
     
156,522
     
126,628
 
Gross profit
   
40,303
     
31,511
     
115,273
     
66,286
 
Selling and distribution expenses
   
12,486
     
14,488
     
40,753
     
41,903
 
Advertising and promotion expenses
   
9,769
     
9,910
     
29,008
     
26,900
 
General and administrative expenses
   
6,477
     
6,967
     
18,760
     
21,986
 
Gain on disposal and liquidation of subsidiaries
   
0
     
0
     
367
     
2,610
 
Government subsidies
   
362
     
216
     
630
     
1,181
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
11,933
     
362
     
27,749
     
(20,712
Interest expense
   
3,850
     
4,021
     
11,761
     
11,511
 
Interest income
   
1,076
     
604
     
3,186
     
1,681
 
Other income, net
   
555
     
573
     
1,407
     
56
 
Income (loss) before income tax expense
   
9,714
     
(2,482
   
20,581
     
(30,486
)
Income tax expense
   
14
     
10,971
     
107
     
37,086
 
Net income (loss)
   
9,700
     
(13,453
   
20,474
     
(67,572
)
Net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest
   
(287
   
(183
   
(361
   
(417
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
9,987
   
$
(13,270
 
$
20,835
   
$
(67,155
                                 
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
   
57,301
     
57,301
     
57,301
     
57,301
 
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
 
$
0.17
   
$
(0.23
 
$
0.36
   
$
(1.17

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
2
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
 (Dollars in thousands)
(UNAUDITED)

  
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
  
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
9,700
   
$
(13,453
 
$
20,474
   
$
(67,572
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
                               
Currency translation adjustment
   
1,162
     
422
     
2,158
     
(445
Reclassification of currency translation adjustments realized upon disposal and liquidation of subsidiaries
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
(2,610
Other comprehensive income (loss)
   
1,162
     
422
     
2,158
     
(3,055
Comprehensive income (loss)
   
10,862
     
(13,031
   
22,632
     
(70,627
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
   
(287
   
(183
   
(361
   
(419
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
11,149
   
$
(12,848
 
$
22,993
   
$
(70,208

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
3
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
  (Dollars and shares in thousands)
(UNAUDITED)

   
Synutra International, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
             
   
Common Stock
                               
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Additional
paid-in
capital
   
Retained
earnings (accumulated
deficit)
   
Accumulated
other comprehensive
income
   
Noncontrolling
Interest
   
Total
equity
 
Balance, March 31, 2012
   
57,301
   
$
6
   
$
135,440
   
$
(71,620
)
 
$
32,201
   
$
1,065
   
$
97,092
 
Net loss
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
(67,155
)
   
0
     
(417
)
   
(67,572
)
Other comprehensive
income, net of
tax of nil
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
(3,053
)
   
(2
)
   
(3,055
)
Derecognition of noncontrolling interest upon liquidation of a subsidiary
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
(381
)
   
(381
)
Other
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
92
     
92
 
Balance, December 31, 2012
   
57,301
   
$
6
   
$
135,440
   
$
(138,775
)
 
$
29,148
   
$
357
   
$
26,176
 
Balance, March 31, 2013
   
57,301
   
$
6
   
$
135,440
   
$
(135,508
)
 
$
28,828
   
$
441
   
$
29,207
 
Net income
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
20,835
     
0
     
(361
   
20,474
 
Other comprehensive
income, net of
tax of nil
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
0
     
2,158
     
0
     
2,158
 
Balance, December 31, 2013
   
57,301
   
$
6
   
$
135,440
   
$
(114,673
)
 
$
30,986
   
$
80
   
$
51,839
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
4
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 (Dollars in thousands)
(UNAUDITED)

   
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
   
2013
   
2012
 
Operating activities:
           
Net income (loss)
 
$
20,474
   
$
(67,572
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
10,600
     
10,340
 
Bad debt expense (recovery)
   
(2,925
   
1,140
 
Deferred income tax
   
0
     
36,550
 
Gain on disposal and liquidation of subsidiaries
   
(367
)
   
(2,610
)
Other
   
56
     
99
 
                 
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
   
15,600
     
(6,714
Inventories
   
(1,826
   
(3,671
)
Due from related parties
   
(474
   
5,594
 
Prepaid land use right
   
(181
   
0
 
Other assets
   
(10,286
   
(747
)
Accounts payable
   
8,231
     
(19,343
Due to related parties
   
(403
   
(226
Advances from customers
   
8,123
     
5,780
 
Income tax receivable
   
4
     
191
 
Other liabilities
   
(5,083
   
24,814
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
41,543
     
(16,375
)
                 
Investing activities:
               
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
   
(24,926
)
   
(10,547
)
Change in restricted cash
   
(12,685
)
   
(30,340
)
Proceeds from assets disposal
   
110
     
1,817
 
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries
   
633
     
0
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(36,868
)
   
(39,070
)
                 
Financing activities:
               
Proceeds from short-term debt
   
127,137
     
221,533
 
Repayment of short-term debt
   
(155,599
)
   
(196,681
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
   
81,068
     
58,503
 
Repayment of long-term debt
   
(75,821
)
   
(50,087
)
Payment on capital lease obligations
   
(416
)
   
(703
)
Payment to noncontrolling shareholder
   
0
     
(386
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
(23,631
)
   
32,179
 
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   
1,459
     
216
 
                 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
   
(17,497
)
   
(23,050
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
   
79,050
     
64,793
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
 
$
61,553
   
$
41,743
 
                 
Supplemental cash flow information:
               
Interest paid
 
$
10,900
   
$
9,997
 
Income tax paid
   
95
     
539
 
                 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
               
Purchase of property, plant and equipment included in payables
 
$
4,820
   
$
552
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
5
 
 

 
 
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
1.
ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
 
Synutra International, Inc. and its subsidiaries (hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Synutra”) are principally engaged in production, distribution and sales of dairy based nutritional products under the “Shengyuan” or “Synutra” line of brands in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or “PRC”). The Company focuses on selling powdered formula products for infants and adults, and also engages in other nutritional product offerings, such as prepared foods and certain nutritional ingredients and supplements.

2.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The Company is responsible for the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this document, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and include all normal and recurring adjustments that management of the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position and operating results. The Company prepared these statements following the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim reporting. As permitted under those rules, the Company condensed or omitted certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by US GAAP for annual financial statements. These statements should be read in combination with the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.

As of December 31, 2013, the Company has an asset liability ratio of 90%, which is defined as total liabilities divided by total assets, and limited working capital. However, the Company regards the going concern assumption as appropriate considering the following mitigating factors:

·
The Company managed to reverse the trend contributing to losses incurred in first half of fiscal 2013 by four consecutive quarters of income from operations.
 
·
The Company had positive cash flows from operations since the second half of fiscal 2013. The Company believes that its cash flows from operations will be sufficiently positive for next twelve months to satisfy its obligations when they fall due.

·
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had an unused credit facility of $66.5 million which could be used when purchasing materials and the purchased inventory is used as pledge. The facility is not unconditionally committed as the bank may refuse to fund if there is a material adverse change to the Company’s operations. However, for normal operational needs, it provides a backup source of liquidity.
 
Based on the above factors, management believes that adequate sources of liquidity will exist to fund the Company’s working capital and capital expenditure requirements, and to meet its short term debt obligations, other liabilities and commitments as they become due. Accordingly, management believes the Company will be able to realize its assets and satisfy its liabilities in the normal course of business.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Synutra International, Inc. and its subsidiaries, its consolidated variable interest entity, Beijing Shengyuan Huimin Technology Service Co., Ltd. (the “VIE”), in which it has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is typically determined when a company holds a majority of the voting equity interest in an entity. US GAAP provides guidance on the identification and financial reporting for entities over which control is achieved through means other than voting interests, which requires certain VIEs to be consolidated by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.  Through the contractual arrangements between the Company and the VIE, the Company controls the operating activities and holds all the beneficial interests of the VIE and has been determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The Company has concluded that such contractual arrangements are legally enforceable. The operations associated with the consolidated VIE are insignificant and hold de minimis assets and liabilities.

Net income or loss of a subsidiary is attributed to the Company and to the noncontrolling interests either on the basis of relative ownership interest or in accordance with contractual agreements that specify a different allocation, such as in the case of the VIE. Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries are presented separately from the Company's equity therein.

All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.
 
6
 
 

 
 
3.
INVENTORIES 
 
The Company’s inventories at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 are summarized as follows:
 
(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March 31,
2013
 
Raw materials
 
$
55,783
   
$
56,607
 
Work-in-progress
   
12,905
     
17,023
 
Finished goods
   
23,144
     
14,077
 
Total
 
$
91,832
   
$
87,707
 

The value of goods-in-transit included in raw materials was $24.4 million and $15.9 million as of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, respectively, which mainly represented the purchase of milk powder and whey protein powder from international sources.

4.
RELATED PARTIES AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A.
Related party balances

a.
Due from related parties, including current and non-current portion
 
(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March 31,
2013
 
Sheng Zhi Da Dairy Group Corporation
 
$
1,935
   
$
1,882
 
St. Angel (Beijing) Business Service Co. Ltd.
   
3,401
     
3,132
 
Beijing Ao Naier Feed Stuff Co., Ltd.
   
405
     
663
 
Total
 
$
5,741
   
$
5,677
 

b.
Due to related parties
 
(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March 31,
2013
 
Sheng Zhi Da Dairy Group Corporation
 
$
764
   
$
1,107
 
Beijing Honnete Dairy Co., Ltd.
   
470
     
495
 
Beijing Kelqin Dairy Co. Ltd.
   
0
     
6
 
Beijing St. Angel Cultural Communication Co., Ltd.
   
220
     
254
 
Total
 
$
1,454
   
$
1,862
 
 
The Company also had certain related party borrowings which were recorded in long-term debt due within one year. See Note 6.

B.
Sales to and services for related parties
 
In the three and nine Months ended December 31, 2013, the Company’s sales to related parties mainly included feed grade milk powder and whey protein powder sold to Ao Naier and powdered formula products sold to St. Angel (Beijing) Business Service. Other transactions with related parties included renting office spaces to Honnete, Ao Naier, St. Angel (Beijing) Business Service and St. Angel Cultural Communication, which was immaterial. In the three and nine Months ended December 31, 2012, the Company’s sales to related parties mainly included whey protein to Honnete, feed grade milk powder to Ao Naier, and powdered formula products to St. Angel (Beijing) Business Service.
  
  
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Beijing Honnete Dairy Co., Ltd.
 
$
2
   
$
0
   
$
6
   
$
773
 
St. Angel (Beijing) Business Service Co., Ltd.
   
250
     
0
     
1,489
     
2,454
 
Qingdao Lvyin Waste Disposal Investment Management Co., Ltd.
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
1
 
Beijing Ao Naier Feed Stuff Co., Ltd.
   
173
     
87
     
267
     
143
 
Beijing St. Angel Cultural Communication Co., Ltd.
   
11
     
0
     
11
     
0
 
Total
 
$
436
   
$
87
   
$
1,773
   
$
3,371
 

C.
Purchases from related parties
 
In the three and nine months ended December 31, 2013, St. Angel Cultural Communication implemented certain marketing activities for the Company. In the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, the Company purchased Lactose from Honnete, St. Angel Cultural Communication implemented certain marketing activities for the Company, and the Company purchased supplies for the employee canteen from Kelqin. Kelqin was sold to a third party in April 2013, and was no longer considered a related party from that date.
 
  
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Beijing St. Angel Cultural Communication Co. Ltd.
 
$
122
   
$
119
   
$
365
   
$
458
 
Beijing Honnete Dairy Co., Ltd.
   
0
     
185
     
0
     
4,674
 
Beijing Kelqin Dairy Co., Ltd.
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
7
 
Total
 
$
122
   
$
304
   
$
365
   
$
5,139
 

7
 
 

 
 
 
5.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March 31,
2013
 
Property, plant and equipment, cost:
           
Capital lease of building
 
$
5,796
   
$
5,637
 
Buildings and renovations
   
92,117
     
84,502
 
Plant and machinery
   
86,661
     
84,559
 
Office equipment and furnishings
   
11,510
     
10,809
 
Motor vehicles
   
3,262
     
3,180
 
Others
   
998
     
918
 
Total cost
 
$
200,344
   
$
189,605
 
Less: Accumulated depreciation:
               
Capital lease of building
   
776
     
625
 
Buildings and renovations
   
18,819
     
15,750
 
Plant and machinery
   
45,436
     
40,396
 
Office equipment and furnishings
   
5,868
     
4,190
 
Motor vehicles
   
2,449
     
2,212
 
Others
   
613
     
511
 
Total accumulated depreciation
   
73,961
     
63,684
 
Construction in progress
   
19,794
     
4,200
 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
$
146,177
   
$
130,121
 

The Company recorded depreciation expense for owned assets and capital leased assets of $3.5 million and $3.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $10.4 million and $10.2 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

6.
DEBT

As of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, the Company had short-term debt from banks in the amount of $101.5 million and $127.4 million, respectively.  The maturity dates of the short-term debt outstanding range from January 2014 to December 2014. The weighted average interest rate on short-term debt outstanding at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 was 4.8% and 3.8%, respectively. Certain portion of these debts use floating interest rates, which are calculated based on the benchmark lending interest rate published by China’s central bank or on LIBOR. The short-term debt at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 were secured by the pledge of certain inventory purchased under letter of credit of $2.4 million and $26.4 million, respectively; the pledge of certain fixed assets totaling nil and $13.4 million, respectively; the pledge of the Company’s land use right of $4.0 million and $5.4 million, respectively; and the pledge of restricted cash deposits of $41.5 million and $33.0 million, respectively.
 
As of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, the Company had long-term debt, including current portion, from banks in the amount of $190.8 million and $184.8 million, respectively. The maturity dates of the long-term debt outstanding range from January 2014 to November 2015. The weighted average interest rate of outstanding long-term debt at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 was 4.8% and 5.6%, respectively. Certain portion of these debts use floating interest rates, which are calculated based on the benchmark lending interest rate published by China’s central bank or on LIBOR. The indebtedness at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 was secured by the pledge of certain fixed assets of nil and $15.3 million, respectively; the pledge of land use right of nil and $1.2 million, respectively; and the pledge of restricted cash deposits of $59.0 million and $41.2 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, the Company had a long-term loan due within one year from a related party of $2.9 million. The maturity date of the long-term related party loan principal and interest was in November 2013, and the Company repaid it in January 2014. The interest rate of the long-term loan at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 was 10.0%. The interest expense of related party loans was $72,000 and $72,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and was $215,000 and $215,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Maturities on long-term debt, including current and non-current portion, subject to mandatory redemption are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
Twelve Months Ended
 
December 31, 2014
 
$
46,535
 
December 31, 2015
   
147,105
 
  
8
 
 

 
 
7.
OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES 

(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March
31, 2013
 
Accrued rebate and slotting fee
 
$
17,159
   
$
21,314
 
Payroll and bonus payables
   
9,179
     
6,253
 
Accrued selling expenses
   
6,456
     
5,496
 
Accrued advertising and promotion expenses
   
9,410
     
12,034
 
Other tax payable
   
363
     
675
 
Accrued rental fee
   
1,051
     
1,461
 
Accrued interest expense
   
2,669
     
2,346
 
Others
   
2,997
     
3,209
 
Total
 
$
49,284
   
$
52,788
 
 
8.
INCOME TAXES
 
The effective tax rate is based on expected income (loss), statutory tax rates and incentives available in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. For interim financial reporting, the Company estimates the annual tax rate based on projected taxable income for the full year and records a quarterly income tax provision (benefit) in accordance with the ASC No. 740-270, “Income tax – Interim reporting”. As the year progresses, the Company refines the estimates of the year’s taxable income as new information becomes available. This continual estimation process often results in a change to the expected effective tax rate for the year. When this occurs, the Company adjusts the income tax provision (benefit) during the quarter in which the change in estimate occurs so that the year-to-date provision reflects the expected annual tax rate.

The Company considers positive and negative evidence to determine whether some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of recent losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, the Company's experience with tax attributes expiring unused and tax planning alternatives. Valuation allowances have been established for deferred tax assets based on a more-likely-than-not threshold. The Company's ability to realize deferred tax assets depends on its ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward periods provided for in the tax law.

9.
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

For purposes of calculating basic earnings per share, the Company used the following weighted average common stocks outstanding:
 
  
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
(In thousands except for per share data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
9,987
   
$
(13,270
 
$
20,835
   
$
(67,155
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
   
57,301
     
57,301
     
57,301
     
57,301
 
Earnings (loss) per share - basic
 
$
0.17
   
$
(0.23
 
$
0.36
   
$
(1.17
)

9
 
 

 
 

10.
CONTINGENCIES
 
The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. Claims have been made against the Company from time to time. The Company intends to contest each lawsuit vigorously. The Company is not involved in any legal proceedings which it believes will have the potential for a materially adverse impact on the Company’s business or financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

On September 17, 2012, the Company entered into a partnership framework agreement, a milk supply agreement, a whey supply agreement, a whey powder supply agreement, and a technical assistance agreement with Sodiaal Union, a French agricultural cooperative company (“Sodiaal”), and/or Euroserum SAS (“Euroserum”), a French subsidiary of Sodiaal, relating to a long-term industrial and commercial partnership between Sodiaal and the Company. Under these agreements, the Company undertakes to build a new drying facility (the “French Project”) in Carhaix, France, intended to manufacture powdered milk and fat-enriched demineralized whey. Pursuant to the partnership framework agreement, the operational commissioning of the new drying facility will take place no later than January 2, 2015. In the event of a delay beyond January 2, 2015 and save for limited exceptions, the Company will undertake to compensate Sodiaal or Euroserum for losses which may be incurred as a result of such delay, depending on the circumstances. The loss incurred by Sodiaal or Euroserum in case of a delay of the operational commissioning of the new drying facility beyond January 2, 2015 shall amount to the loss of profits actually suffered, as the case may be, by Sodiaal or Euroserum under the milk supply agreement or the whey supply agreement.

We expect to obtain approval for the environmental impact study around April 2014, and finalize the loan agreement in the first quarter of fiscal 2015. Due to the delay in getting government approvals, we expect the operational commissioning of the new drying facility to take place in late calendar year 2015, which is later than the deadline of January 2, 2015 specified in the partnership framework agreement. The partnership framework agreement with Sodiaal provides that we will compensate Sodiaal for their losses due to delays in the start of the operation of our project, if such delays are not caused by government actions. We have estimated that a one-year's delay would result in such losses totaling less than 10 million (equivalent to $13.9 million). However, as most of our current expected delay is due to government approval process and also considering our long term alliance with Euroserum / Sodiaal, as well as the strategic importance of this project to Sodiaal, we expect to be able to negotiate the amount of such compensation if any, with Sodiaal. As a result, we have not accrued any loss in connection with this matter on our financial statements.
 
11.
SEGMENT REPORTING 

The Company focuses on selling powdered formula products for infants and adults, and also engages in other nutritional product offerings, such as prepared foods and certain nutritional ingredients and supplements. The activities of each segment are as follows:
 
Powdered Formula - Sales of powdered infant and adult formula products.
 
Foods - Sales of prepared foods for babies, children and adult.
 
Nutritional Ingredients and Supplements - Sales of nutritional ingredients and supplements such as chondroitin sulfate to external customers, and microencapsulated Docosahexanoic Acid (“DHA”) and Arachidonic Acid (“ARA”) to powdered formula segment.
 
Other business - Other business includes non-core businesses such as ancillary sales of excess or unusable ingredients and materials to industrial customers.
 
The Company’s underlying accounting records are maintained on a legal entity basis for government and public reporting requirements. Segment disclosures are on a performance basis consistent with internal management reporting.

10
 
 

 
 


  
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
  
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2013
   
2012
   
2013
   
2012
 
NET SALES TO EXTERNAL CUSTOMERS
                               
Powdered formula
 
$
86,158
   
$
62,390
   
$
225,888
   
$
162,935
 
Foods
   
30
     
86
     
130
     
196
 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
6,264
     
156
     
17,918
     
3,632
 
Other business
   
8,582
     
10,596
     
27,859
     
26,151
 
Net sales
 
$
101,034
   
$
73,228
   
$
271,795
   
$
192,914
 
INTERSEGMENT SALES
                               
Powdered formula
 
$
14
   
$
6
   
$
88
   
$
18
 
Foods
   
0
     
122
     
0
     
403
 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
2,525
     
2,422
     
7,327
     
6,521
 
Other business
   
0
     
0
     
0
     
51
 
Intersegment sales
 
$
2,539
   
$
2,550
   
$
7,415
   
$
6,993
 
GROSS PROFIT (LOSS)
                               
Powdered formula
 
$
42,830
   
$
32,720
   
$
117,403
   
$
72,498
 
Foods
   
(608
)
   
(371
)
   
(1,345
)
   
(1,246
)
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
(843
)
   
(188
)
   
(1,350
)
   
(1,882
)
Other business
   
(1,076
)
   
(650
   
565
     
(3,084
Gross profit
 
$
40,303
   
$
31,511
   
$
115,273
   
$
66,286
 
Selling and distribution expenses
   
12,486
     
14,488
     
40,753
     
41,903
 
Advertising and promotion expenses
   
9,769
     
9,910
     
29,008
     
26,900
 
General and administrative expenses
   
6,477
     
6,967
     
18,760
     
21,986
 
Gain on disposal and liquidation of subsidiaries
   
0
     
0
     
367
     
2,610
 
Government subsidies
   
362
     
216
     
630
     
1,181
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
11,933
     
362
     
27,749
     
(20,712
Interest expense
   
3,850
     
4,021
     
11,761
     
11,511
 
Interest income
   
1,076
     
604
     
3,186
     
1,681
 
Other income, net
   
555
     
573
     
1,407
     
56
 
Income (loss) before income tax expense
 
$
9,714
   
$
(2,482
 
$
20,581
   
$
(30,486
 
(In thousands)
 
December 31,
2013
   
March 31,
2013
 
TOTAL ASSETS
           
Powdered formula
 
$
505,500
   
$
491,079
 
Foods
   
18,104
 *
   
20,150
 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
43,246
     
33,879
 
Other business
   
135,758
     
133,748
 
Intersegment elimination
   
(208,506
)
   
(202,712
)
Total
 
$
494,102
   
$
476,144
 
 
* The total assets of foods segment included assets held for sale of $3.2 million.
 
 
11
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
 Sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Form 10-Q”) including, in particular, the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict; therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed, implied or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements.

Expressions of future goals and expectations or similar expressions including, without limitation, “may,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “does not currently expect,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “targets,” or “continue,” reflecting something other than historical fact are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The factors described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K under Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors and below in Part II. Other Information – Item 1A. Risk Factors could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Unless required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. However, readers should carefully review the reports and documents the Company files from time to time with the SEC, particularly its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Report on Form 10-K , Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports.

Available Information

The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), are filed with the SEC. Such reports and other information filed by the Company with the SEC are available on the Company’s website at http://www.synutra.com when such reports are available on the SEC website. The public may read and copy any materials filed by the Company with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Room 1580, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The contents of these websites are not incorporated into this filing. Further, the Company’s references to the URLs for these websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.
 
12
 
 

 
 
Overview
 
We are a leading infant formula company in China. We principally engage in the production, distribution and sale of dairy based nutritional products under the “Shengyuan” or “Synutra” line of brands in the PRC. We focus on selling powdered formula products for infants and adults, and also engage in other nutritional product offerings, such as prepared foods and certain nutritional ingredients and supplements. We sell most of our products through an extensive nationwide sales and distribution network covering all provinces and provincial-level municipalities in mainland China. As of December 31, 2013, this network comprised over 670 independent distributors and over 620 independent sub-distributors who sell our products in approximately 28,000 retail outlets.

We currently have four reportable segments which are:

Powdered formula segment: Powdered formula segment covers the sale of powdered infant and adult formula products. Major brands include Super, U-Smart, My Angel and Dutch Cow;
   
Foods segment: Foods segment covers the sale of prepared baby foods for babies, children and adults under the brand of Huiliduo. In June 2013, we introduced prepared adult foods for patients with special nutritional needs after surgical operations;
   
Nutritional ingredients and supplements segment: Nutritional ingredients and supplements segment covers the production and sale of nutritional ingredients and supplements such as chondroitin sulfate to third parties, and microencapsulated Docosahexanoic Acid (“DHA”) and Arachidonic Acid (“ARA”) to powdered formula segment;
   
Other business segment: our other business includes non-core businesses such as ancillary sales of excess or unusable ingredients and materials to industrial customers.
 
Executive Summary

We believe the “Goldmining” marketing strategy (the “Goldmining Strategy”) which was initiated in September 2012 has shown positive effect as on our sales channels in the recent quarters. With the inventory tracking system set up, we believe we have largely prevented distributors from selling outside of their designated areas, and exerted order on our sales channels. We are now monitoring our promotional spending and are organizing nation-wide promotional events through a centralized system, which we believe allows us to more efficiently use our resources.

In December 2013, the Chinese State Food and Drug Administration updated the national guidance for the renewal and re-affirmation of production licenses for manufacturing infant-formula milk powder products in China. For any infant-formula milk powder manufacturer whose license is expiring in 2014, the renewal process needs to be completed by March 31, 2014. For any infant-formula milk powder manufacturer whose license expires in a later year, the re-affirmation needs to be completed by May 31, 2014. This regulation sets forth new rules and raises the bar on infant formula producers in nine areas, including product safety control, purchase of raw materials, formula product inspection, manufacturing process and product traceability. In particular, the requirement on a 100,000 grade clean space to meet the medical grade Good Manufacturing Practices is widely considered as the most challenging requirement. In order to pass the examination and reaffirm and renew the production licenses for our Qingdao and Zhangjiakou plants, we expect to incur approximately $2.5 million to $3 million in capital expenditures to meet the clean space and other requirements. Given we already utilize advanced production methods that are largely in line with the new guidance, we do not expect any meaningful obstacles to passing the government exam and believe we will be able to obtain the required domestic production license before the deadline.

During the fiscal third quarter, we continued to make important progress on both the engineering and procurement side of the French Project. We have signed a 40.3 million equipment supply contract with SPX Flow Technology SAS, a company based in North Carolina, to manage the design, construction and delivery of the main evaporation and drying equipment for the project. However, as we have previously stated, the timing of the completion of regulatory approval and loan agreements are not fully within our control. Due to the general election at the local provincial government, our current expected timing to receive the approval for the environmental impact study is about six months later than our original expectation. 
 
13
 
 

 
 
 
 
Three Months Results of Operations

Below is a summary of selected comparative results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Net sales
 
$
101,034
   
$
73,228
     
38%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
86,158
     
62,390
     
38%
 
Cost of sales
   
60,731
     
41,717
     
46%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
43,328
     
29,670
     
46%
 
Gross profit
   
40,303
     
31,511
     
28%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
42,830
     
32,720
     
31%
 
Gross Margin
   
40%
     
43%
         
 - Powdered formula segment
   
50%
     
52%
         
Income (loss) from operations
   
11,933
     
362
     
*
 
Interest expense, net
   
2,774
     
3,417
     
-19%
 
Income (loss) before income tax expense
   
9,714
     
(2,482
)
   
*
 
Income tax expense
   
14
     
10,971
     
*
 
Net income (loss)
   
9,700
     
(13,453
)
   
*
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
9,987
   
$
(13,270
)
   
*
 
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
   
57,301
     
57,301
         
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
 
$
0.17
   
$
(0.23
)
   
*
 

* not meaningful 

Net Sales
 
Our net sales by reportable segments are shown in the table below:

   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
         
% Change in
 
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
   
Volume
   
Price
 
Powdered formula
 
$
86,158
   
$
62,390
     
38%
     
10%
     
26%
 
Foods
   
30
     
86
     
-65%
                 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
6,264
     
156
     
*
                 
Other business
   
8,582
     
10,596
     
-19%
                 
Net sales
 
$
101,034
   
$
73,228
     
38%
                 
* not meaningful 

Net sales of our powdered formula segment include powdered formula products for infants, children and adults. The increase in net sales of our powdered formula products was mainly due to the following factors:
 
 
Sales volume of powdered formula products for the three months ended December 31, 2013 was 6,449 tons, as compared to 5,875 tons for the same period in the previous year, due primarily to the positive impact of the Goldmining Strategy.
 
 
The average selling price of our powdered formula products for the three months ended December 31, 2013 was $13,360 per ton, compared to $10,620 per ton for the same period in the previous year. Average selling price is calculated as net sales, after deducting sales discounts and rebates, divided by sales volume. We provided sales discounts and rebates to offset part of the marketing and promotional expenditures incurred at retail outlets. The increase in average selling price is mainly due to our ability to better control discounts as a result of the continued positive impacts of our Goldmining Strategy, and more high premium products sold during the period, such as formulas for infants with caesarean birth or special nutritional needs.
 
The sales volume and calculation of average selling price exclude the amount of free products provided to customers, which is recorded as cost of sales in the period.
 
The product mix in the foods segment includes prepared baby food, such as cooked meat and vegetables. In June 2013, we launched prepared adult food under this segment for patients with special nutritional needs after surgical operations. In October 2013, we recruited a sales staff of approximately 100, and placed our adult food products with approximately 3,500 retail outlets in December 2013 to perform a test sale for three months. Since we sell adult food products by consignment sales and we recognize sales when we are paid by the retail outlets, there is minimal revenue recognized in the three months ended December 31, 2013.
 
14
 
 

 
 
The product mix in nutritional ingredients and supplements segment is comprised of external sales of chondroitin sulfate to third parties. Our sales of chondroitin sulfate materials to certain international customers increased significantly since the beginning of fiscal year 2014. In September 2013, the chondroitin sulfate sodium manufactured by Meitek Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd., one of our PRC subsidiaries which is engaged in the production of nutritional ingredients, was granted an United States Pharmacopeia (“USP”) certificate after various testing, including on-site Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) audit of the production site, review of the relevant chemistry, manufacturing and controls documentation, and laboratory testing of the ingredient. Obtaining the USP certificate evidences that our quality system provides a source of assurance that chondroitin sulfate sodium meets the applicable monograph requirements which we believe are widely accepted around the world, and that we have formed a solid foundation for selling our chondroitin sulfate products into the overseas market.

Our Other business mainly included sales of milk powder, whey protein powder, packing materials, feed-grade milk powder and whey protein powder, and other raw materials. The decrease in Other business was mainly due to the decreased sales of whey protein powder.

Cost of Sales
 
Our cost of sales by reportable segments is shown in the table below:

   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Powdered formula
 
$
43,328
   
$
29,670
     
46%
 
Foods
   
638
     
457
     
40%
 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
7,107
     
344
     
*
 
Other business
   
9,658
     
11,246
     
-14%
 
Cost of sales
 
$
60,731
   
$
41,717
     
46%
 
* not meaningful 

The increased total cost of sales of the powdered formula segment was mainly due to the increased price in raw material of milk powder, and the increased volume sold.

The increase in the cost of sales of nutritional ingredients and supplements segment was mainly due to increased sales volume of chondroitin sulfate to certain international pharmaceutical companies as discussed above.

The decrease in cost of our Other business was mainly due to the decreased sales volume of whey protein powder.
 
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
 
   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Gross profit
 
$
40,303
   
$
31,511
     
28%
 
- Powdered formula
   
42,830
     
32,720
     
31%
 
Gross margin
   
40%
     
43%
         
- Powdered formula
   
50%
     
52%
         

The decrease in gross margin was mainly due to the margin decrease in the powdered formula segment. The decrease in gross margin of the powdered formula segment was mainly due to a price increase in raw material of milk powder, partially offset by the increased average selling price as discussed above.
 
15
 
 

 
 
 

Expenses

   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Selling and distribution expenses
 
$
12,486
   
$
14,488
     
-14%
 
Advertising and promotion expenses
   
9,769
     
9,910
     
-1%
 
 - Advertising expenses
   
1,567
     
3,320
     
-53%
 
 - Promotion expenses
   
8,202
     
6,590
     
24%
 
General and administrative expenses
   
6,477
     
6,967
     
-7%
 
Government subsidies
   
362
     
216
     
68%
 
 
Selling and distribution expenses primarily include compensation expense for sales staff, freight charges and travel expense.

Advertising expenses primarily include media expenses paid to TV stations and e-commerce providers. Advertising expenses decreased as we believe the influence from traditional TV advertising has diminished recently and as a result we have substantially cut back advertising on TV stations. Instead, we have shifted our advertising focus to e-commerce providers, mostly for our specialty infant formula products with special nutritional focus. Promotion expenses primarily include promotional products provided to end customers. Based on our brand positioning, we believe direct communication with end customers is a more cost effective way to market our product compared to mass media advertising. As a result, we now allocate more resources to such promotional activities. Effective from January 1, 2013, we provided promotional gifts instead of our powdered formula products to end customers for bonus point redemption, which also contributed to the increase in promotion expenses.

General and administrative expenses primarily include salaries for staff and management, depreciation, office rental, office supplies and bad debt expense. The decrease was mainly due to the decrease in bad debt expense as we put more efforts into chasing the long aging receivables in fiscal year 2014.

Interest Expense and Interest Income
 
   
Three Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Interest expense
 
$
3,850
   
$
4,021
     
-4%
 
Interest income
   
1,076
     
604
     
78%
 

The decrease in interest expense was mainly due to a decreased average interest rate as we received more U.S. dollar financing via our Hong Kong subsidiary which has a lower interest rate base than financing in mainland China, partially offset by an increase in average borrowing balance.

The increase in interest income was mainly due to an increase in average restricted cash balance, which earned a higher interest rate than cash and cash equivalents.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
Income tax expense for the three month ended December 31, 2013 was immaterial.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the interest held by third parties in Meitek Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders
 
As a result of the foregoing, net income attributable to common stockholders for the three months ended December 31, 2013 was $10.0 million, compared to a net loss of $13.3 million for the same period in the previous year.
 
 
16
 
 

 
 
 
 
 Nine Months Results of Operations

Below is a summary of selected comparative results of operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

   
Nine Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Net sales
 
$
271,795
   
$
192,914
     
41%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
225,888
     
162,935
     
39%
 
Cost of sales
   
156,522
     
126,628
     
24%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
108,485
     
90,437
     
20%
 
Gross profit
   
115,273
     
66,286
     
74%
 
 - Powdered formula segment
   
117,403
     
72,498
     
62%
 
Gross Margin
   
42%
     
34%
         
 - Powdered formula segment
   
52%
     
45%
         
Income (loss) from operations
   
27,749
     
(20,712
)
   
*
 
Interest expense, net
   
8,575
     
9,830
     
-13%
 
Income (loss) before income tax expense
   
20,581
     
(30,486
)
   
*
 
Income tax expense
   
107
     
37,086
     
*
 
- Effective tax rate
   
0.5%
     
-121.6%
         
Net income (loss)
   
20,474
     
(67,572
)
   
*
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
20,835
   
$
(67,155
)
   
*
 
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
   
57,301
     
57,301
         
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
 
$
0.36
   
$
(1.17
)
   
*
 

* not meaningful 

Net Sales
 
Our net sales by reportable segments are shown in the table below:

   
Nine Months
Ended December 31,
         
% Change in
 
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
   
Volume
   
Price
 
Powdered formula
 
$
225,888
   
$
162,935
     
39%
     
16%
     
20%
 
Foods
   
130
     
196
     
-34%
                 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
17,918
     
3,632
     
393%
                 
Other business
   
27,859
     
26,151
     
7%
                 
Net sales
 
$
271,795
   
$
192,914
     
41%
                 

Net sales of our powdered formula segment include powdered formula products for infants, children and adults. The increase in net sales of our powdered formula products was mainly due to the following factors:
 
 
Sales volume of powdered formula products for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 was 17,197 tons, as compared to 14,860 tons for the same period in the previous year, due primarily to the reduced purchase by distributors in the nine months ended December 31, 2012 as the sales channel continued to utilize the products sold prior to the retail price increase on April 1, 2012, and the positive impact of the Goldmining Strategy in fiscal year 2014.
 
 
The average selling price of our powdered formula products for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 was $13,135 per ton, compared to $10,965 per ton for the same period in the previous year. Average selling price is calculated as net sales, after deducting sales discounts and rebates, divided by sales volume. We provided sales discounts and rebates to offset part of the marketing and promotional expenditures incurred at retail outlets. The increase in average selling price was mainly due to our ability to better control discounts as a result of the continued positive impacts of our Goldmining Strategy, and more high premium products sold during the period, such as formulas for infants with caesarean birth or special nutritional needs.
 
The sales volume and calculation of average selling price exclude the amount of free products provided to customers, which is recorded as cost of sales in the period.
 
The product mix in the foods segment includes prepared baby food, such as cooked meat and vegetables. In June 2013, we launched prepared adult food under this segment for patients with special nutritional needs after surgical operations. In October 2013, we recruited a sales staff of approximately 100, and placed our adult food products with approximately 3,500 retail outlets in December 2013 to perform a test sale for three months. Since we sell adult food products by consignment sales and we recognize sales when we are paid by the retail outlets,, there is minimal revenue recognized in the nine months ended December 31, 2013.
 
17
 
 

 
 
The product mix in nutritional ingredients and supplements segment is comprised of external sales of chondroitin sulfate to third parties. Our sales of chondroitin sulfate materials to certain international customers increased significantly since the beginning of fiscal year 2014.

Our Other business mainly included sales of milk powder, whey protein powder, packing materials, feed-grade milk powder and whey protein powder, and other raw materials. The increase in Other business was mainly due to the increased sales of whey protein powder.

Cost of Sales
 
Our cost of sales by reportable segments is shown in the table below:

   
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Powdered formula
 
$
108,485
   
$
90,437
     
20%
 
Foods
   
1,475
     
1,442
     
2%
 
Nutritional ingredients and supplements
   
19,268
     
5,514
     
249%
 
Other business
   
27,294
     
29,235
     
-7%
 
Cost of sales
 
$
156,522
   
$
126,628
     
24%
 

The increase in total cost of sales of the powdered formula segment was mainly due to the increase in sales volume.

The increase in the cost of sales of nutritional ingredients and supplements segment was mainly due to increased sales volume of chondroitin sulfate to certain international pharmaceutical companies as discussed above.

The decrease in cost of other business was mainly due to the decreased sales volume of surplus milk powder.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin
 
   
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Gross profit
 
$
115,273
   
$
66,286
     
74%
 
- Powdered formula
   
117,403
     
72,498
     
62%
 
Gross margin
   
42%
     
34%
         
- Powdered formula
   
52%
     
45%
         

The increase in gross margin was mainly due to the margin increase in the powdered formula segment. The increase in gross margin of the powdered formula segment was due mainly to increased average selling price from the continued positive impact of our Goldmining Strategy.
  
18
 
 

 
 
Expenses

   
Nine Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Selling and distribution expenses
 
$
40,753
   
$
41,903
     
-3%
 
Advertising and promotion expenses
   
29,008
     
26,900
     
8%
 
 - Advertising expenses
   
5,300
     
10,068
     
-47%
 
 - Promotion expenses
   
23,708
     
16,832
     
41%
 
General and administrative expenses
   
18,760
     
21,986
     
-15%
 
Gain on disposal and liquidation of subsidiaries
   
367
     
2,610
     
-86%
 
Government subsidies
   
630
     
1,181
     
-47%
 
 
Selling and distribution expenses primarily include compensation expense for sales staff, freight charges and travel expense, which were relatively stable in the nine months ended December 31, 2013.

Advertising expenses primarily include media expenses paid to TV stations and e-commerce providers. Advertising expenses decreased as we believe the influence from traditional TV advertising has diminished recently and as a result we have substantially cut back advertising on TV stations. Instead, we have shifted our advertising focus to e-commerce providers, mostly for our specialty infant formula products with special nutritional focus. Promotion expenses primarily include promotional products provided to end customers. Based on our brand positioning, we believe direct communication with end customers is a more cost effective way to market our product compared to mass media advertising. As a result, we now allocate more resources to such promotional activities. Effective from January 1, 2013, we provided promotional gifts instead of our powdered formula products to end customers for bonus point redemption, which also contributed to the increase in promotion expenses.

General and administrative expenses primarily include salaries for staff and management, depreciation, office rental, office supplies and bad debt expense. The decrease was mainly due to the decrease in bad debt expense as we put more efforts into chasing the long aging receivables in fiscal year 2014.

Interest Expense and Interest Income
 
   
Nine Months
Ended December 31,
       
(In thousands, except percentage data)
 
2013
   
2012
   
% Change
 
Interest expense
 
$
11,761
   
$
11,511
     
2%
 
Interest income
   
3,186
     
1,681
     
90%
 

The increase in interest expense was mainly due to an increase in average borrowing balance, partially offset by a decreased average interest rate as we received more U.S. dollar financing via our Hong Kong subsidiary which has a lower interest rate base than financing in mainland China.

The increase in interest income was mainly due to an increase in average restricted cash balance, which earned a higher interest rate than cash and cash equivalents.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
Income tax expense for the six month ended December 31, 2013 was immaterial.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the interest held by third parties in Meitek Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders
 
As a result of the foregoing, net income attributable to common stockholders for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 was $20.8 million, compared to a net loss of $67.2 million for the same period in the previous year.
 
 
19
 
 

 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash from operations and available borrowings. Cash flows from operating activities represent the inflow of cash from our customers and the outflow of cash for inventory purchases, manufacturing, operating expenses, interest and taxes. Cash flows used in investing activities primarily represent capital expenditures for equipment and buildings, and restricted cash used as security against letter of credits and short-term and long-term borrowings. Cash flows from financing activities primarily represent proceeds and repayments of borrowings. In addition, while there can be no assurance that we will be able to refinance our short-term bank borrowings as they become due, historically, we have renewed or rolled over most of our bank loans after the maturity date of the loans and we believe we will continue to be able to do so.

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $61.6 million at December 31, 2013, of which $59.4 million was held outside of the United States.

As of December 31, 2013, the Company has an asset liability ratio of 90%, which is defined as total liabilities divided by total assets, and limited working capital. However, the Company regards the going concern assumption as appropriate considering the following mitigating factors:

·
The Company managed to reverse the trend contributing to losses incurred in first half of fiscal 2013 by four consecutive quarters of income from operations.

·
The Company had positive cash flows from operations since the second half of fiscal 2013. The Company believes that its cash flows from operations will be sufficiently positive for next twelve months to satisfy its obligations when they fall due.

·
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had an unused credit facility of $66.5 million which could be used when purchasing materials and the purchased inventory is used as pledge. The facility is not unconditionally committed as the bank may refuse to fund if there is a material adverse change to the Company’s operations. However, for normal operational needs, it provides a backup source of liquidity.
 
Based on the above factors, management believes that adequate sources of liquidity will exist to fund the Company’s working capital and capital expenditure requirements, and to meet its short term debt obligations, other liabilities and commitments as they become due. Accordingly, management believes the Company will be able to realize its assets and satisfy its liabilities in the normal course of business.

20
 
 

 
 

On September 17, 2012, the Company entered into a partnership framework agreement, a milk supply agreement, a whey supply agreement, a whey powder supply agreement, and a technical assistance agreement with Sodiaal Union, a French agricultural cooperative company (“Sodiaal”), and/or Euroserum SAS (“Euroserum”), a French subsidiary of Sodiaal, relating to a long-term industrial and commercial partnership between Sodiaal and the Company. Under these agreements, the Company undertakes to build a new drying facility (the “French Project”) in Carhaix, France, intended to manufacture powdered milk and fat-enriched demineralized whey. Pursuant to the partnership framework agreement, the operational commissioning of the new drying facility will take place no later than January 2, 2015. In the event of a delay beyond January 2, 2015 and save for limited exceptions, the Company will undertake to compensate Sodiaal or Euroserum for losses which may be incurred as a result of such delay, depending on the circumstances. The loss incurred by Sodiaal or Euroserum in case of a delay of the operational commissioning of the new drying facility beyond January 2, 2015 shall amount to the loss of profits actually suffered, as the case may be, by Sodiaal or Euroserum under the milk supply agreement or the whey supply agreement. The estimated cost to build the facility is € 90 million (approximately $121 million). The Company plans to finance a majority of the cost with long-term project financing, and the remaining part of the project with cash on hand and operating cash flow. The Company committed to purchase, and Sodiaal and Euroserum committed to sell, 288 million liters of milk per year for ten years, an amount of whey equivalent to 24,000 tons of 70% demineralized pre-concentrated dry whey extract per year for ten years, and 6,000 tons of 70% demineralized whey powder per year, or an equivalent quantity of liquid whey, for ten years, at market based prices at the time of purchase, to satisfy the production needs of the new drying facility. If the Company purchases less than the agreed amount, the Company would compensate Sodiaal or Euroserum for the loss suffered.

Recent developments of the French Project are:
 
l
On March 20, 2013, the Company received the required approvals from China's National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Commerce for the project.
 
l
In September 2013, the Company received the construction permit for the project from the municipal government of Carhaix.
 
l
In September 2013, the Company was informed by one of the leading Chinese state owned banks that they have preliminarily authorized a credit line of project financing up to €53 million (approximately $72 million) for the French Project financing.
 
l
In November 2013, the Company entered into a contract of €40.3 million (equivalent to $55.7 million), excluding tax, for the design, construction and delivery of the main industrial equipment components of the drying unit with SPX Flow Technology SAS. As of December 31, 2013, we have paid €10.1 million (equivalent to $13.9 million), and have capital expenditure commitment of €30.2 million (equivalent to $41.8 million) for calendar year 2014 and 2015 under this contract.

We expect to obtain approval for the environmental impact study around April 2014, and finalize the loan agreement in the first quarter of fiscal 2015. Due to the delay in getting government approvals, we expect the operational commissioning of the new drying facility to take place in late calendar year 2015, which is later than the deadline of January 2, 2015 specified in the partnership framework agreement. The partnership framework agreement with Sodiaal provides that we will compensate Sodiaal for their losses due to delays in the start of the operation of our project, if such delays are not caused by government actions. We have estimated that a one-year's delay would result in such losses totaling less than 10 million (equivalent to $13.9 million). However, as most of our current expected delay is due to government approval process and also considering our long term alliance with Euroserum / Sodiaal, as well as the strategic importance of this project to Sodiaal, we expect to be able to negotiate the amount of such compensation if any, with Sodiaal. As a result, we have not accrued any loss in connection with this matter on our financial statements.
 
21
 
 

 
 
 
 
Cash Flows

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain information relating to our cash flows:

   
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2013
   
2012
 
Cash flow provided by/(used in):
           
Operating activities
               
Net income (loss)
 
$
20,474
   
$
(67,572
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
10,600
     
10,340
 
Bad debt expense (recovery)
   
(2,925
   
1,140
 
Other
   
(311
)
   
34,039
 
Changes in assets and liabilities
   
13,705
     
5,678
 
Total operating activities
   
41,543
     
(16,375
)
Investing activities
   
(36,868
)
   
(39,070
)
Financing activities
   
(23,631
)
   
32,179
 
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash and cash equivalents
   
1,459
     
216
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
(17,497
)
 
$
(23,050
)

Cash flow provided by operating activities was a result of the net income incurred of $20.5 million, as adjusted for non-cash expense and income items of $7.4 million, and increase in working capital of $13.7 million. In the nine months ended December 31, 2013, we spent $218.1 million to purchase raw materials and other production materials, $35.1 million in staff compensation and social welfare, $31.0 million in taxes, $49.8 million in operating expenses, $10.9 million in interest, $1.7 million in land lease, received $384.7 million from our customers, $344,000 from government subsidies, and received $3.1 million from interest.

Cash flow used in investing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2013 represents $24.9 million payment for the purchase of property, plant and equipment, $12.7 million outflow for restricted cash deposited with banks as security against the issuance of letters of credit for the import of raw materials and as pledges for certain short-term and long-term borrowings, $110,000 in proceeds from disposed assets, and $633,000 proceeds from disposal of a PRC subsidiary.

Cash flow provided by financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2013 mainly represents net cash outflow of $28.5 million from short-term loans and net cash inflow of $5.2 million from long-term loans, and $416,000 payment for assets under capital leases.

Outstanding Indebtedness
 
For information on our short-term and long-term borrowings, see “Item 1.  Financial Statements – Note 6.”

Capital Expenditures
 
Our capital expenditures were $24.5 million and the corresponding cash outflow was $24.9 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2013, which mainly represented expenditures for our drying facility project in France.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

 
22
 
 

 
 
 
ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
There is no material change in the information reported under Item 7A, “Foreign Exchange Risk”, “Inflation”, “Interest Rate Risk”, “Concentration of Credit Risk” and “Commodities Risk” contained in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.

ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Conclusion Regarding Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of December 31, 2013, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (a) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (b) accumulated and communicated to the our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) in the three months ended December 31, 2013, which have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
 
23
 
 

 
 
 

 PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
As of December 31, 2013, the end of the period covered by this report, the Company was subject to various legal proceedings and claims that have not been fully resolved and that have arisen in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the Company does not believe current legal proceedings and claims would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or operating results. However, the results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. The Company intends to contest each lawsuit vigorously but should the Company fail to prevail in any of these legal matters or should several of these legal matters be resolved against the Company in the same reporting period, the operating results of a particular reporting period could be materially and adversely affected.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

For information regarding the risks and uncertainties affecting our business, please refer to “Part I, Item 1A Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. We updated “Risk Factors—Risks Associated With Doing Business in China—We may be adversely affected by the outcome of the administrative proceedings brought by the SEC against five accounting firms in China” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 as below. Apart from that, there have been no material changes to these risks and uncertainties during the three months ended December 31, 2013.

Proceedings instituted by the SEC against five PRC-based accounting firms, including our independent registered public accounting firm, could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.
 
In late 2012, the SEC commenced administrative proceedings under Rule 102(e) of its Rules of Practice and also under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 against the Chinese affiliates of the ‘‘big four’’ accounting firms,(including our auditors) and also against Dahua (the former BDO affiliate in China). The Rule 102(e) proceedings initiated by the SEC relate to these firms’ failure to produce documents, including audit work papers, in response to the request of the SEC pursuant to Section 106 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as the auditors located in the PRC are not in a position lawfully to produce documents directly to the SEC because of restrictions under PRC law and specific directives issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. The issues raised by the proceedings are not specific to our auditors or to us, but affect equally all audit firms based in China and all China-based businesses with securities listed in the United States.
 
In January 2014, the administrative judge reached an Initial Decision that the "big four " accounting firms should be barred from practicing before the Commission for six months.  However, it is currently impossible to determine the ultimate outcome of this matter as the accounting firms have indicated their intention to file a petition for review of the Initial Decision and pending that review the effect of the Initial Decision is suspended. It will, therefore, be for the Commissioners of the SEC to make a legally binding order specifying the sanctions if any to be placed on these audit firms. Once such an order was made, the accounting firms would have a further right to appeal to the US Federal courts, and the effect of the order might be further suspended pending the outcome of that appeal. 
 
Depending upon the final outcome, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it difficult or impossible to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC, which may result in their delisting. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings against these audit firms may erode investor confidence in China-based, United States listed companies and the market price of our shares may be adversely affected.

24
 
 

 
 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
31.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
     
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
     
32.1
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer)
     
32.2
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Financial Officer)
     
101
 
Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets—December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations—Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income(Loss)—Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Equity—Nine Months Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Nine Months Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
  
 
 
25
 
 

 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
     
SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
 
             
Date:
February 10, 2014
 
By:
/s/ Liang Zhang
 
       
Name:
Liang Zhang
 
       
Title:
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
 
 
     
By:
/s/ Ning Cai
 
       
Name:
Ning Cai
 
       
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
 
 

26