-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, EkU0iIEFRkrXc9RAONgAW2AD6FK5hVjGFsaGdCayZSQ1NSjScteikSzM6+pewrjm SLTvU3u4vzgeiFLt+N/1nQ== 0000950123-09-014848.txt : 20090618 0000950123-09-014848.hdr.sgml : 20090618 20090618060751 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950123-09-014848 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 20-F PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 20 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20081231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20090618 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090618 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: eLong, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001290903 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: TRANSPORTATION SERVICES [4700] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: E9 FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 20-F SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-50984 FILM NUMBER: 09897749 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 10 JIU XIANQIAO MIDDLE ROAD, STREET 2: XINGKE PLAZA BUILDING B 3TH FL, CHAOYANG CITY: BEIJING STATE: F4 ZIP: 100016 BUSINESS PHONE: 8610-58602288-126 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 10 JIU XIANQIAO MIDDLE ROAD, STREET 2: XINGKE PLAZA BUILDING B 3TH FL, CHAOYANG CITY: BEIJING STATE: F4 ZIP: 100016 20-F 1 c86271e20vf.htm FORM 20-F Form 20-F
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 20-F
 
     
o   REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
     
o   SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 000-50984
eLong, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Cayman Islands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Xingke Plaza Building, Tower B, Third Floor
10 Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District
Beijing 100016, People’s Republic of China
(Address of principal executive offices)
Guangfu Cui, Chief Executive Officer
Telephone: +(8610) 5806-2288 / Facsimile: +(8610) 6436-6019
Xingke Plaza Building, Tower B, Third Floor
10 Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District
Beijing 100016, People’s Republic of China
(Name, Telephone and Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
     
Title of Each Class   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
     
American Depositary Shares, each representing two
ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per ordinary share
  The NASDAQ Global Market
 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
 
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2008: 18,513,519 ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share; 28,550,704 high-vote ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No þ
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes o No þ
Note—checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes o No o
          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
         
Large accelerated filer  o    Accelerated filer  þ    Non-accelerated filer  o 
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the Registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP þ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board o Other o
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the Registrant has elected to follow: Item 17 o Item 18 o
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
 
 

 

 


 

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 Exhibit 4.24
 Exhibit 4.27
 Exhibit 4.28
 Exhibit 4.29
 Exhibit 4.30
 Exhibit 4.31
 Exhibit 4.32
 Exhibit 4.33
 Exhibit 4.34
 Exhibit 4.35
 Exhibit 4.36
 Exhibit 8.1
 Exhibit 12.1
 Exhibit 12.2
 Exhibit 13.1
 Exhibit 13.2
 Exhibit 15.1
 Exhibit 15.2
 Exhibit 15.3

 

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In this annual report on Form 20-F, references to “we,” “us,” “our company,” “our” and “eLong” are to eLong, Inc., its subsidiaries, and additionally, in the context of describing our operations, our affiliated Chinese entities. References to “China” or the “PRC” are to the People’s Republic of China, excluding for the purpose of this annual report Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan. Unless otherwise noted, references to “Expedia” are to Expedia, Inc. (NASDAQ: EXPE), and references to “Expedia Asia Pacific” are to Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this annual report to “shares” or “ordinary shares” are to our ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share. Such references do not cover our high-vote ordinary shares, as we refer separately to such shares using the term “high-vote ordinary shares.” References to “ADSs” are to our American depositary shares, each of which represents two ordinary shares, and references to “ADRs” are to the American depositary receipts that evidence our ADSs. References to the “NASDAQ stock market” are to the NASDAQ Global Market. References to our “articles of association” are to our Second Amended and Restated Articles of Association.
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or “U.S. GAAP.” Our consolidated financial statements are expressed in Renminbi, the legal currency of China. In this annual report, references to “RMB” are to Renminbi and references to “U.S. dollars,” “US$” or “$” are to United States dollars. Our financial year ends on December 31 of each calendar year and, unless indicated otherwise, references to any year refer to the calendar year ended December 31 of the year specified.
The “eLong” characters in Chinese as well as “eLong.com” in English are among our registered trademarks in China. This annual report also contains product and service names of companies other than eLong that are trademarks of their respective owners.
We intend to make this annual report publicly available from our Internet website (http://www.eLong.net) without charge promptly following the date of filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). None of the information contained on our websites is incorporated by reference into this annual report. We assume no obligation to update or revise any part of this annual report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required to do so by applicable law.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report contains certain forward-looking statements. These statements are made under the “safe harbor” provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which are contained principally in the sections entitled “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors,” “Item 4: Information on the Company—Business” and “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,” relate to future events or our future financial performance, our ability to continue to control our costs and maintain the quality of our services, the expected growth of and change in the travel and online commerce industries in China, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and other factors include those listed under “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors.” In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. One or more of these factors could materially and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition in future periods. We cannot assure you that we will attain any estimates or become profitable or that the assumptions on which they are based are reliable.

 

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You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. All forward-looking statements contained in this annual report are qualified by reference to this cautionary statement.
PART I
Item 1: Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers.
Not applicable.
Item 2: Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.
Not applicable.
Item 3: Key Information.
Selected Financial Data
You should read the following information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” below.
The selected consolidated statements of operations (other than ADS data) and selected consolidated cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report and should be read in conjunction with these consolidated financial statements and related notes. The selected consolidated statements of operations (other than ADS data) and selected consolidated cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 are derived from our audited consolidated balance sheet and related notes which are not included in this annual report. These consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

 

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Our consolidated financial statements are expressed in Renminbi, the legal currency of China. Solely for convenience, this annual report contains translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates. For more information regarding exchange rates, see the section entitled “Exchange Rate Information” below.
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
                                                 
    eLong, Inc.  
    Year ended December 31,  
    2004     2005     2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
    (in thousands, except for per share data)  
Selected Consolidated Statements of Operations Data
                                               
Net revenues
    124,767       179,842       249,841       297,586       327,313       47,975  
Gross profit
    108,273       139,395       187,596       215,089       230,317       33,758  
Total operating expenses
    (131,059 )     (185,624 )     (203,608 )     (229,678 )     (271,999 )     (39,867 )
Income (loss) from operations
    (22,786 )     (46,229 )     (16,012 )     (14,589 )     (41,682 )     (6,109 )
Income (loss) from continuing operations
    (20,803 )     (43,285 )     (444 )     (25,691 )     (76,593 )     (11,227 )
 
                                   
Net income (loss)
    (18,982 )     (60,518 )     1,040       (25,588 )     (76,593 )     (11,227 )
Income (loss) per share from continuing operations
    (1.14 )     (0.87 )     (0.01 )     (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
Total basic income (loss) per share
    (1.04 )     (1.22 )     0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
 
                                   
Total diluted income (loss) per share
    (1.04 )     (1.22 )     0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
 
                                   
Income (loss) per ADS from continuing operations
    (2.28 )     (1.74 )     (0.02 )     (1.02 )     (3.08 )     (0.46 )
Total basic income (loss) per ADS
    (2.08 )     (2.44 )     0.04       (1.02 )     (3.08 )     (0.46 )
 
                                   
Total diluted income (loss) per ADS
    (2.08 )     (2.44 )     0.04       (1.02 )     (3.08 )     (0.46 )
 
                                   
                                                 
    eLong, Inc.  
    As of December 31,  
    2004     2005     2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
    (in thousands)  
Selected Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
                                               
Cash and cash equivalents
    610,047       988,560       1,199,323       1,138,447       321,541       47,130  
Working capital(1)
    639,099       1,013,590       1,106,345       1,079,590       898,693       131,725  
Property and equipment, net
    15,428       33,306       37,809       43,962       52,484       7,693  
Total assets
    741,074       1,188,421       1,334,908       1,331,668       1,137,964       166,796  
Long-term obligation
          2,287       980                    
Accumulated deficit
    (43,205 )     (103,097 )     (102,056 )     (127,644 )     (204,237 )     (29,936 )
Shareholders’ equity
    678,889       1,088,330       1,199,799       1,184,611       1,012,181       148,359  
 
     
(1)     Represents the amount of total consolidated current assets less total consolidated current liabilities.

 

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    eLong, Inc.  
    Year ended December 31,  
    2004     2005     2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
    (in thousands)  
Selected Consolidated Cash Flow Data
                                               
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (5,339 )     30,478       76,554       42,349       (14,076 )     (2,063 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (30,140 )     (32,813 )     72,985       (43,638 )     (641,501 )     (94,027 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    572,460       404,058       95,140       7,355       (98,331 )     (14,413 )
Exchange Rate Information
We conduct our business primarily in China and our revenues and expenses are primarily denominated in Renminbi. This annual report contains translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts at specific rates solely for the convenience of the reader.
The translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts in this annual report are based on the noon buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi amounts to U.S. dollar amounts and from U.S. dollar amounts to Renminbi amounts in this annual report were made at a rate of RMB 6.8225 to US$1.00, the noon buying rate in effect as of December 31, 2008. The noon buying rate as of April 30, 2009 was RMB6.8180 to US$1.00. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollar or Renminbi amounts, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated herein, or at all. The Chinese government imposes controls over the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies. For discussion of the effects of currency control and fluctuating exchange rates on the value of our shares and ADSs, see “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China—Governmental control of currency conversion may affect our ability to pay dividends and the value of our ADSs” and “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China—Fluctuation in the value of the Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our financial results and the value of our company and ADSs.”
The tables below sets forth the average noon buying rates between Renminbi and U.S. dollars for each of the years indicated, calculated by averaging the noon buying rates on the last day of each month of the years shown.
Average Exchange Rates of Renminbi per U.S. Dollar
         
    Average  
Year ended December 31, 2004
    8.2768  
Year ended December 31, 2005
    8.1826  
Year ended December 31, 2006
    7.9579  
Year ended December 31, 2007
    7.5806  
Year ended December 31, 2008
    6.9193  

 

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The table below sets forth the high and low exchange rate between Renminbi and U.S. dollars for each of the six months from November 2008 through April 2009.
Recent Exchange Rates of Renminbi per U.S. Dollar
                 
    High     Low  
November 2008
    6.8373       6.8220  
December 2008
    6.8842       6.8225  
January 2009
    6.8403       6.8225  
February 2009
    6.8470       6.8241  
March 2009
    6.8438       6.8240  
April 2009
    6.8361       6.8180  
Risk Factors
You should carefully consider each of the following risks and uncertainties associated with our company and the ownership of our securities. You should pay particular attention to the fact that we conduct our operations in China and are governed by a legal and regulatory environment that differs significantly from the environment of the United States or other countries with which you may be familiar. Additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also have an adverse impact on our business operations.
Risks Related to Our Business
We have sustained losses in the past and cannot assure you that we will grow or be profitable in the future.
We sustained net losses in each of our fiscal years from 2004 through 2008, other than 2006. Moreover, our growth rate has fluctuated significantly during the period from 2004 through 2008. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to grow our business or to be profitable at any time in the future.
Declines or disruptions in the travel industry may reduce our revenues.
Our business is affected by the condition of the travel industry in China. Travel expenditures are highly sensitive to business and personal discretionary spending levels and thus tend to decline during general economic downturns, such as the slowdown in economic growth arising from the international financial crisis which began in 2008. Adverse trends or events that tend to reduce travel and are likely to reduce our revenues include:
    declines in economic growth, recessions, and financial or other economic crises;
 
    increases in prices in the hotel, airline or other travel-related sectors;

 

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    the occurrence of travel-related accidents;
 
    outbreaks, or the fear of outbreaks, of H1N1 flu (swine flu), severe acute respiratory syndrome, avian flu or other diseases;
 
    terrorist attacks or threats of terrorist attacks or wars;
 
    natural disasters or poor weather conditions.
As a result of any of these events, over which we have no control, our results could be severely and adversely affected.
Our business may be harmed if we fail to strengthen our brand and provide high quality service to our customers and business partners.
We must successfully promote our eLong brand in order to grow our business. We must introduce new consumers to the eLong brand and ensure high levels of service in order for the eLong brand to be associated with quality and value. If we fail to ensure high service levels and strengthen our brand recognition among our current and potential customers and business partners, our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected.
We may not be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors.
We face many sources of competition, including other providers of hotel and flight reservation services, such as Ctrip.com and traditional travel agencies. As we do not have exclusive arrangements with our suppliers and our business involves relatively low fixed costs, new competitors face low barriers to entry in our industry. We also face increasing competition from hotels and airlines as they increase their efforts to sell directly to consumers and may engage in alliances with other travel service providers. Moreover, large state-owned companies and/or established international players may choose to enter the PRC travel market in the future, either as sole entrants or in conjunction with our existing or future competitors. Our potential and existing competitors may have competitive advantages over us including more well-known brand names, larger customer bases and greater financial, marketing and other expertise and resources. Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully compete against our current or future competitors.
We are dependent on our ability to establish and maintain favorable arrangements with our travel suppliers and distribution partners.
We are dependent on continued relationships on satisfactory terms with our air, hotel and other travel service providers. In particular, the ability to contract in advance for the guaranteed availability of hotel rooms is crucial to our business. However, we do not have exclusive contractual arrangements with our travel suppliers, and we must renew these contracts on an ongoing basis. In addition, third party service providers may impose new or greater requirements upon us to provide guaranteed deposits, escrow funds, prepayment of commission or other preferential terms. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain our current relationships, establish new ones, or obtain favorable contractual terms from our service providers.

 

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We are also dependent on continued relationships and agreements with certain third-party distribution partners, such as telecommunications companies to which we pay a commission for hotel reservations they generate for us by transferring their customer calls and online inquiries to our call center and online reservation systems. Third-party distribution partners accounted for approximately one-third of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008. Our relationships with the third parties are non-exclusive, and thus the third parties are generally able to choose other service providers for all or a portion of their commercial cooperation, rather than continuing such commercial relationships with us. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain satisfactory relationships, obtain favorable contractual terms with such distribution partners or establish new relationships with distribution partners on satisfactory terms in the future.
Substantial uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations restricting foreign investment in the air ticketing, travel agency and Internet content provision businesses as well as other laws affecting our ownership structure and business operations.
We are a Cayman Islands corporation, and are therefore treated as a foreign entity under applicable PRC laws and regulations. The PRC government regulates Internet access, the distribution of online information, the conduct of online commerce, and the provision of travel agency services through strict licensing requirements and other regulations. These regulations include provisions limiting foreign ownership in PRC companies providing Internet information and other online Internet services, air ticket booking services and travel agency services. As a result, we conduct our business through contractual arrangements between our subsidiaries, including eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“eLong Information”) and our affiliated Chinese entities, including Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Information”), Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Air”), Hangzhou eLong Air Service Co., Ltd. (“Hangzhou Air”) and Beijing eLong International Travel Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Travel”), and Beijing Xici Interactive Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Xici”). Beijing Information and Beijing Xici each holds a license for Internet content provision services; Beijing Information holds a license for call center services, and a license for wireless services; Beijing Air holds air ticketing licenses; and, Beijing Travel holds domestic travel agency and international inbound and outbound travel licenses. These licenses and approvals are essential for our business operations.
We cannot assure you that PRC government authorities will not determine that our current ownership structure and these contractual arrangements are not in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. If we or any of our affiliated Chinese entities are found to be in violation of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations, the relevant governmental authorities would have broad discretion in taking action to address such violation, including, without limitation:
    levying fines or confiscating our income or the income of our affiliated Chinese entities;
 
    revoking our business licenses or the business licenses of our affiliated Chinese entities;
 
    requiring us and/or our affiliated Chinese entities to restructure our ownership structure or operations; and
 
    requiring that we discontinue any or all portions of our Internet content provision, air ticketing or travel agency businesses.
Any of the above could cause significant disruptions to, and have a material adverse effect on, our operations.

 

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Our operations may be materially and adversely affected if we or any of our affiliated Chinese entities fails to obtain or maintain all relevant permits and approvals in the heavily regulated air ticketing, travel agency, and Internet industries.
The Chinese government extensively regulates the air ticketing and travel agency industries, as well as most Internet related activities. In order to conduct our business, we or our affiliated Chinese entities must possess and maintain valid permits or approvals from different regulatory authorities. Any failure to obtain or maintain any of the required permits or approvals may subject us to various penalties, such as fines or suspension of operations in these regulated businesses, which could severely disrupt our business operations.
We are controlled by Expedia and conflicts of interest may arise.
Expedia controls approximately 96% of our voting power and has the power to control the election and appointment of our board of directors, and thus we are a “controlled company” as defined in Rule 5615 of the NASDAQ Listing Rules. As a result of our ownership structure, Expedia is generally able to exercise control over all matters requiring approval by our board of directors or our shareholders.
Conflicts of interest may arise between Expedia and us, including corporate opportunities, potential acquisitions or transactions as well as other matters. Expedia’s control could prevent a sale of our company or removal or replacement of any or all of our board of directors, even if such actions would be beneficial to our other shareholders. In addition, some of our directors may have interests in both us and in Expedia, which could cause them to have conflicts of interest.
Other than contracts for cooperation in certain specific areas as discussed in this annual report, Expedia is under no obligation to provide us with benefits relating to its travel related businesses. Thus we cannot assure you that we will realize any future benefits as a result of being controlled by Expedia, and we may be adversely affected by any conflicts of interest between eLong and Expedia.
We depend on our senior executives and other employees, and our business may be severely disrupted if we lose their services.
Our business operations depend on the continuing performance and service of our senior executives and other key employees. We rely on their expertise in operations, finance, technology and travel services and we depend on their relationships with suppliers and regulators. In the last two years, we have experienced substantial turnover at all levels of our company including our senior management. If one or more of our senior executives or other key employees are unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to easily replace them, and may incur additional expenses to recruit and train replacement personnel. Moreover, if any of our senior executives joins or forms a competitor, we may lose customers and suppliers. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to successfully enforce the noncompetition provisions of our employment agreements with such senior executives or key employees.
We may not use our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments effectively.
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments comprise a significant portion of our total assets. Our failure to make effective use of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments could prevent us from improving our financial results, operations and competitive position. A significant portion of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are denominated in U.S. dollars. In 2008, we recorded a foreign exchange loss of RMB61.1 million (US$9.0 million) resulting from the appreciation of the Renminbi. If the Renminbi continues to appreciate we will continue to record exchange losses on these cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and these losses could be material to our results of operations.

 

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Our quarterly results may fluctuate due to seasonality in the travel industry in China.
Our business experiences fluctuations, reflecting seasonal variations in demand for travel services in China. For example, the first calendar quarter of each year generally contributes the lowest portion of our annual net revenues primarily due to a slowdown in business activity during the Chinese New Year holiday. In addition, seasonality of the PRC travel market is affected by PRC national and provincial government regulation of the calendar of public holidays, including for example, the decision by the State Council in 2008 to restructure the annual calendar of public holidays by adding a few shorter holidays and reducing the May 1st holiday period from one week to three days. Consequently, our revenues may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter.
We may not be able to successfully execute future acquisitions or efficiently manage any acquired business.
A component of our business strategy is to consider acquisitions of businesses in areas that may provide incremental revenue. This may require a significant commitment of management time, capital investment and other resources. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in identifying, negotiating and completing acquisitions on terms favorable to us. In addition, acquisitions that we complete may not be successfully integrated into our existing operations, and thus our operations and results may be adversely affected.
Our business depends on the technology infrastructure and service of third parties.
We rely on third-party computer systems and service providers, including the computerized reservation systems of hotels, airlines and third party service providers such as TravelSky as well as our distribution partners, to make reservations and confirmations, issue air tickets, make deliveries and receive payments. Third parties provide, for instance, telecommunications access lines, significant computer systems and software licensing, support and maintenance service and air ticket delivery. Any interruption in these or other third-party services or deterioration in their performance could impair the quality of our service. Furthermore, if our arrangements with any of these third parties are terminated, we may not find an alternate source of support on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms.
Our business is subject to risks associated with protection of confidential data and credit card fraud.
An increasing portion of our revenue is paid by customers using credit cards. There have been and likely will continue to be attempts to use fraudulently obtained credit card information to pay for our products and services. As fraudulent credit card schemes become more sophisticated, it may become increasingly difficult and costly for us to detect and prevent such fraud, which could cause us to incur significant and unforeseen losses adversely affecting our results of operations.
Our transactions are conducted through our websites or through other network and telecommunications systems. In such transactions, maintenance and secure transmission of confidential information (such as customer itineraries, hotel and other reservation information, personal information and billing information) is essential to maintain consumer and supplier confidence. Due to rapidly advancing technology and the growing sophistication and variety of data security threats, our current security measures may not be adequate to prevent all types of confidentiality and data breaches and to minimize any losses caused thereby. Security breaches on our own, public or third party systems, could expose us to significant losses, adverse publicity and litigation for leakage or disclosure of confidential customer or supplier information, which could harm our reputation and ability to attract customers.

 

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We do not have comprehensive off-site backup systems or business insurance.
Our call center and substantially all of our computer and communications systems are located at our headquarters in Beijing and therefore vulnerable to damage or interruption from man-made or natural causes. Moreover, we do not have a comprehensive disaster recovery solution and do not carry business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur.
We depend on our systems and information infrastructure to support all aspects of our booking transactions. If we are unable to upgrade and maintain our systems, we may experience system outages, capacity constraints, system obsolescence or other unintended system disruptions which may result in slower response times, impaired customer service, delays in fulfilling customer orders and ticket deliveries, and inaccurate reporting or processing of travel information. Any of these factors or any business disruption or disaster may result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which may adversely affect our operations and results.
Our commission revenues may decrease if our hotel suppliers fail to accurately report data concerning our customer hotel stays.
A substantial majority of our revenues is currently generated through commissions received from hotels for room nights booked through us. Generally, we do not receive direct payments for hotel bookings from our customers, instead, we receive commissions from the hotels after the completion of a customer’s stay. We maintain records of customer bookings and then verify these with each hotel, generally on a monthly basis, in order to determine the commission payable to us. In addition to our records, we rely on the hotel and customer to provide us accurate information regarding customer check-in and check-out dates. If our hotel suppliers provide us with inaccurate information with respect to number or length of stays of our customers, our revenues may be adversely affected.
We may become involved in litigation regarding our intellectual property rights or our website contents.
From time to time, we may have to resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources. In addition, third parties may initiate litigation against us for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights. In the event of a successful claim of infringement and our failure or inability to develop non-infringing technology or to obtain a license for the infringed or similar technology on a timely basis on commercially acceptable terms, our business could suffer.
Our websites contain information about hotels, flights and popular vacation destinations, and other travel-related topics. Third parties could take legal action against us for any alleged false or misleading information accessible on our websites. Any claims could be time consuming to defend, result in litigation and divert management’s attention and resources.

 

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If our affiliated Chinese entities violate their contractual agreements with us, our business could be harmed, and we may have to resort to litigation to enforce our rights, which could be time-consuming and ineffective.
We depend substantially on our affiliated Chinese entities to conduct our operations. While we have no direct ownership interest in these entities, we have established effective economic control through a series of contracts with these affiliated Chinese entities and their shareholders. These agreements may not be as effective in providing control as would direct ownership of these businesses. In the event that there is a dispute with respect to our agreements with our affiliated Chinese entities or their shareholders, we would have to rely on the PRC legal system for remedies. Any legal proceeding relating to such dispute could result in a material disruption of our business and damage to our reputation, and the outcome of such litigation would be uncertain.
Risks Related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China
A slow-down of, or increased volatility in, economic growth in China may adversely affect our growth and profitability.
Our financial results have been, and are expected to continue to be, significantly affected by the condition of the economy and travel industry in China. In 2008, the economy of China experienced several adverse events, including unseasonably strong winter storms in the first quarter, the severe Sichuan earthquake in the second quarter, and the general slowing of the global and Chinese economy due to the international financial crisis during the fourth quarter. China’s economy slowed significantly in the second half of 2008 and this slowdown may continue into 2009 and beyond. We anticipate that demand for travel services in China will continue to be linked to the condition of the broader PRC economy for the foreseeable future. We cannot assure you that sustained or rapid economic growth will resume at any time in the future, or that the current or any future slow-down or increased economic volatility will not adversely affect our business. Any slow-down of, or increased volatility in, economic growth in China is likely to reduce expenditures for travel, which in turn would reduce our revenues.
We would be adversely affected by the discontinuation of any preferential tax treatments currently available to us.
Our subsidiary, eLong Information, and one of our affiliated Chinese entities, Beijing Information, each enjoy a 15% preferential enterprise income tax rate for the 2008 calendar year, as they qualified as “High New Technology Enterprises” under the PRC Corporate Income Tax Law (the “CIT Law”) and related regulations. The CIT Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008, imposes a unified income tax rate of 25% for both domestic and foreign invested enterprises, but a lower 15% tax rate for High New Technology Enterprises. We cannot assure you that eLong Information and Beijing Information will continue to qualify for the lower tax rate in future years.
The CIT Law also provides that enterprises established in foreign countries or regions for which the “de facto management bodies” are located within the PRC will be considered as PRC “resident enterprises” and will be subject to CIT at the rate of 25% on their global income. On April 22, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice on Issues Regarding Recognition of Overseas Incorporated Enterprises Controlled by PRC Domestic Enterprises as PRC Resident Enterprises Based on the De Facto Management Body Criteria (the “Tax Residency Notice”). Under the Tax Residency Notice, which was retroactively effective as of January 1, 2008, an overseas enterprise will be deemed to be a PRC tax resident — and thus subject to CIT of 25% on its global income if it satisfies certain specified conditions. Otherwise, a “non-resident enterprise” is subject to withholding tax at the rate of 10% with respect to its PRC-source dividend income distributed from earnings accumulated after January 1, 2008, subject to applicable tax agreements or treaties between the PRC and other tax jurisdictions. Although we are controlled by a company located outside of the PRC, Expedia, through Expedia Asia Pacific, we cannot assure you that the PRC tax authorities will not treat eLong, Inc. as a PRC tax resident, and if so, we would be subject to PRC CIT on our worldwide income, and such determination may have retroactive effect.

 

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Uncertainties and restrictions in the PRC legal system may have a material and adverse impact on our business and limit the protections available to you.
There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation of current and new PRC laws and regulations. It is possible that new laws and regulations will affect our existing and future businesses in ways which we cannot at this time predict, mitigate or prevent, and that any new laws and regulations may be applied retroactively. The PRC authorities retain broad discretion in the interpretation of, and determination of violations of, laws and regulations, including levying fines and penalties, revoking or narrowing the scope of business licenses and requiring other corrective actions. Any such action could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and limit the legal protections available to you.
Fluctuation in the value of the Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our financial results and the value of our company and ADSs.
The value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the China’s political and economic conditions. The conversion of RMB into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, is based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China. Currently, the RMB is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. In the future, the PRC government may adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in increased exchange rate volatility and a significant appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar.
Substantially all of our revenue-generating operations are transacted in Renminbi, and we have a significant portion of our financial assets denominated in U.S. dollars. In 2008, we recorded a foreign exchange loss of RMB61.1 million (US$9.0 million) resulting from the appreciation of the Renminbi during 2008. If the Renminbi continues to appreciate we will continue to record unrealized exchange losses on United States dollar-denominated assets and these losses could be material to our results of operations, which could adversely affect the market price for our ADSs.
Governmental control of currency conversion may affect our ability to pay dividends and the value of our ADSs.
We receive substantially all of our revenues in Renminbi, which is currently not a fully convertible currency. Under China’s existing foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions and interest payments, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. The Chinese government, however, may restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If this were to occur, we might not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders, including holders of our ADSs, which could adversely affect the value of our ADSs.

 

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PRC regulations may limit our ability to transfer our funds held overseas into China.
On August 29, 2008, the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) promulgated a notice regulating the conversion by a foreign-invested company of foreign currency into Renminbi by restricting how the converted Renminbi may be used. The notice provides that the registered capital of a foreign-invested company settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies may only be used for purposes within the business scope approved by the applicable governmental authority and may not be used for equity investments within the PRC. In addition, SAFE strengthened its oversight of the flow and use of the registered capital of a foreign-invested company settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies. The use of such Renminbi capital may not be changed without SAFE’s approval, and may not in any case be used to repay Renminbi loans if the proceeds of such loans have not been used. This notice may significantly limit our ability to transfer our existing cash to our PRC operating subsidiaries, which may adversely affect our business development, and we may not be able to convert our cash held overseas into Renminbi to invest in, or to acquire, assets or companies in the PRC.
Our subsidiaries and affiliated Chinese entities in China are subject to restrictions on paying dividends or making other payments to us, which may decrease our primary internal source of funds.
As a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we rely on dividends from our subsidiaries in China and consulting and other fees paid to us or our subsidiaries by our affiliated Chinese entities. Current PRC regulations permit our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of their accumulated profits subject to a 10% withholding tax, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. Our wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries are required to provide for certain statutory reserves, namely a general reserve, an enterprise expansion fund and a staff welfare and bonus fund. These subsidiaries are required to allocate at least 10% of their after tax profits on an individual company basis as determined under PRC GAAP to the general reserve and have the right to discontinue allocations to the general reserve if such reserve has reached 50% of registered capital on an individual company basis. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. Further, if our subsidiaries and affiliated Chinese entities in China incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other payments to us, which in turn would limit our ability to pay dividends on our ordinary shares.
Our online business relies on the telecommunications infrastructure of China’s Internet.
Most access to the Internet in China is maintained through a network owned by the local Chinese telecommunications carriers (e.g. China Unicom and China Telecom) under the regulatory supervision of China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (the “MIIT,” formerly known as the Ministry of Information, or “MII”). In addition, networks in China connect to the Internet through a government-controlled international gateway, which is the only channel through which domestic Chinese users connect to the international Internet network. We rely on this infrastructure and China Unicom and China Telecom to provide data communications capacity, primarily through local telecommunications lines. We would have no access to alternative networks and services, on a timely basis, if at all, in the event of any infrastructure disruption or failure. Moreover, the Internet infrastructure in China may not support the demands associated with continued growth in Internet usage in China.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our ADSs or Ordinary Shares and Our Trading Market
Failure to maintain effective internal controls could have a material and adverse effect on the trading price of our ADSs.
Our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, as of December 31, 2008. See “Item 15. Control and Procedures.” Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young Hua Ming (“Ernst & Young”) , has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting, which is included in this Form 20-F. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports. Any failure to maintain the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, in addition to causing us to be unable to report in future annual reports on Form 20-F that such internal controls are effective, could result in the loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which in turn could adversely affect the trading price of our ADSs. Furthermore, we may need to incur additional costs and use additional management and other resources in an effort to maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or other requirements of U.S. securities laws.

 

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The market price for our ADSs may be volatile.
The market price of our ADSs has been volatile and is likely to continue to be so. Since our initial public offering, the trading price of our ADSs has ranged from a low of US$3.15 per ADS to a high of $25.99 per ADS. On April 30, 2009, the closing price of our ADSs was US$6.30 per ADS. Our trading price may continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors including the following:
    actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results;
 
    changes in financial estimates and evaluations by securities analysts;
 
    general market and index trends in the NASDAQ stock market;
 
    changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other travel, Internet, online commerce or publicly listed companies with substantial operations in China;
 
    announcements by us or our competitors of new services, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
 
    additions or departures of key personnel;
 
    sales or repurchases of additional ordinary shares or ADSs; and
 
    potential litigation.
Any of these factors may materially and adversely affect the market price of our ADSs.
Future sales by our existing shareholders of a substantial number of our ordinary shares or ADSs in the public market could adversely affect the price of our ADSs.
If our shareholders sell in the public market substantial amounts of our ordinary shares or ADSs, including those issued upon the exercise of outstanding options and settlement of performance units, the market price of our ADSs could fall. Such sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

 

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We believe we are likely to be classified as a passive foreign investment company for the 2008 calendar year and may be classified as a passive foreign investment company for future years, which would result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our ADSs.
A non-U.S. corporation will be considered a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for U.S. income tax purposes, for any taxable year if either (i) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. The annual PFIC determination to be made by a U.S. holder of our ordinary shares (including ADSs) is an inherently factual determination and there is limited guidance regarding the application of the PFIC rules to specific situations. We currently hold a substantial amount of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, and the value of our goodwill and other assets may be based in part on the market price of our ADSs, which has experienced significant fluctuations. Depending on the valuation of our ordinary shares (including ADSs) and high-vote ordinary shares, as well as our goodwill and other assets and income, we believe we are likely to be classified as a PFIC for 2008. In addition, as the determination of PFIC status is made on an annual basis and depends on variables over which we have limited control, there can be no assurance that we will not be classified as a PFIC for 2009 or any future calendar years. If we are classified as a PFIC in any year, U.S. Holders will be subject to certain adverse United States federal income tax consequences, as discussed in “Item 10: Additional Information—Taxation—United States Federal Income Taxation—Passive foreign investment company rules.”
You may not receive distributions on ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you.
The depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of ordinary shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. We have no obligation to register under U.S. securities laws any ADSs, ordinary shares, rights or other securities. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, ordinary shares, rights or anything else to holders of ADSs. This means that you may not receive the distribution we make on our ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for us to make them available to you. These restrictions may have a material adverse effect on the value of your ADSs.
You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs or the exercise of your voting rights as an ADS holder.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary thinks it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.
As an ADS holder, you may only exercise your voting rights with respect to the underlying ordinary shares in accordance with the deposit agreement. If you provide your voting instructions in the form specified by the depositary pursuant to the deposit agreement, the depositary will endeavor to vote the underlying ordinary shares in accordance with your instructions. However, the depositary may not be able to send voting instructions to you, carry out your voting instructions in a timely manner, and you may not receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your shares. Furthermore, the depositary will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such vote.
In addition, we intend to rely on the “home country practice” exception available to foreign private issuers under the NASDAQ Listing Rules, and not present certain matters for a shareholder vote, where such shareholder vote would be otherwise be required under the NASDAQ Listing Rules. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote, and may lack recourse in the event your ordinary shares are not voted as you requested.

 

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You may have fewer rights, and may have less protection for your interests as a shareholder, than you would if you were a shareholder of a U.S. company.
eLong is a Cayman Islands company and substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon our directors or officers, or enforce judgments obtained in the United States courts against our directors or officers.
Shareholder rights under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in the United States because the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States. Shareholders in Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action before the federal courts of the United States. As a result, the ability of shareholders to protect their interests if they are harmed in a manner that would enable them to sue in a United States federal court may be limited.
Item 4: Information on the Company.
4A: Corporate History
eLong, Inc. was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands on April 4, 2001. On May 19, 2004, eLong, Inc. was re-incorporated in the Cayman Islands as an exempt company with limited liability under the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2004 Revision).
On November 2, 2004, we completed the initial public offering of our ADSs. Each ADS represents two of our ordinary shares.
On August 4, 2004, we sold 11,188,570 Series B preferred shares to Expedia Asia Pacific, which is an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of Expedia, for US$58.7 million. We used US$29.3 million of the proceeds to repurchase 1,581,874 Series A preferred shares and 4,012,411 ordinary shares from certain of our shareholders. In conjunction with the sale of Series B Preferred Shares to Expedia Asia Pacific, we also granted to Expedia Asia Pacific a warrant to purchase that number of our high-vote ordinary shares as would result in Expedia Asia Pacific holding approximately 52% of our outstanding shares on a fully-diluted basis and approximately 95% of our voting power. On December 17, 2004, Expedia’s Series B preferred shares automatically converted into high-vote ordinary shares, which are entitled to 15 votes per share. On January 7, 2005, Expedia Asia Pacific purchased 17,362,134 of our high-vote ordinary shares, pursuant to the exercise of the Expedia Asia Pacific warrant, for an aggregate purchase price of $107.8 million, or US$6.21 per share ($12.42 per ADS), giving Expedia Asia Pacific beneficial ownership of approximately 52% of our outstanding shares on a fully-diluted basis and approximately 95% of our voting power. We used US$53.9 million of the proceeds from Expedia Asia Pacific’s warrant exercise to purchase 8,681,067 ordinary shares at US$6.21 per share from certain of our shareholders. In April 2006, a post-closing adjustment was made such that the warrant exercise price and share repurchase price were each adjusted to $6.20434 per share ($12.40868 per ADS).
Our principal executive office is located at Block B, Xingke Plaza Building, 10 Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100016 in the People’s Republic of China. Our telephone number is: +86 (10) 5860-2288. Our agent for service of process in the United States is CT Corporation System located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10011.

 

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4B: Business
We are a leading online travel service provider in China. We utilize a centralized modern call center and web-based distribution technologies to provide our services. We seek to serve China’s emerging class of frequent independent travelers (“FITs”), who engage in business and leisure travel. We believe FITs are a growing segment of the travel market in China.
Since our inception in April 2001, we believe we have built one of the largest travel service distribution networks in China. Through our nationwide 24-hour toll-free call center, our user-friendly Chinese and English language websites and our extensive reseller network, we provide our customers with comprehensive travel information and the ability to book rooms at discounted rates at over 7,000 hotels in over 400 cities across China, and fulfill air ticket reservations in over 80 cities across China. Through Expedia and its affiliates, we also offer the ability to book rooms at 80,000 hotels outside of China. We offer customers informative content relevant to their hotel and air travel decisions, including tourist and event site destination information, hotel facility information, recent photos (including, for many properties, rotating 360 degree photos of hotel rooms and facilities), and customer reviews and comments. In 2008, we facilitated the sales by our hotel suppliers through our booking services of approximately 3.95 million room nights and sold approximately 1.79 million air tickets.
Our Services
Our revenues are primarily derived from hotel reservations and air ticketing. In 2008, we derived 73% of our revenue before business tax and surcharges from our hotel reservation business and 22% of our revenues from our air ticketing business.
Hotel reservations. As of December 31, 2008, we had supplier relationships with over 7,000 hotels in over 400 cities throughout China, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. We seek to offer a range of hotel options at a variety of prices, with the majority of our hotel suppliers being budget, three-, four- or five-star hotels. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, we derived 79%, 76% and 73% of our total revenue before business tax and surcharges from our hotel reservation services.
We act primarily as an agent in our hotel-related transactions. We make room reservations based on customer inquiries and, upon the completion of a customer’s stay, we calculate our commissions, which are generally a fixed percentage of the nightly hotel room rate which is paid by the hotels to us on a monthly basis. We also confirm with the hotel the length of the customer’s stay. We pay no penalty to the hotel for “no shows” on confirmed reservations, although we are not paid any commission in respect of such “no show” reservations. Because we generally do not make commitments regarding hotel rooms that we book for our customers, we do not carry significant inventory risk.
Our hotel reservation volume has increased since our inception and reached approximately 3.95 million room nights in 2008, compared to 3.71 million room nights in 2007. As our reservation volume increases, we are often able to secure more guaranteed room inventory from our hotel suppliers. Depending on our agreement with the individual hotel supplier, we either receive a guaranteed allotment of hotel room nights per month or operate on an “as-requested” basis.

 

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Due to the fragmented nature of the hotel industry in China, where hotels are generally owned separately, we typically enter into agreements with individual hotels or their owners or operating companies. For hotels with which we have guaranteed room allotments, the hotel makes available to us a specified minimum number of guaranteed available rooms each day. Our guaranteed allotment allows us to provide more efficient customer service by enabling us to provide our customers with an instant confirmation of their reservations. We incur no obligation if the guaranteed allocation is not used. For hotels with which we do not have guaranteed room allotments, we confirm with the hotel the availability of rooms before providing a confirmation to the customer.
In late 2008, we launched our “eLong VIP Program,” pursuant to which we entered into strengthened supply arrangements with certain of our hotel suppliers. Under this program, we cooperate on marketing and other initiatives with certain of our supplier hotels to provide increased value to our customers. Individual participating hotels are designated with a “crown” or “diamond” logo on our website.
Air ticketing. We provide a 24-hour air ticketing service through our toll-free call center and websites. We act as an agent for all major airlines in China as well as many international airlines that operate flights originating in China. We make flight reservations through TravelSky, which is the operator of the only nationwide system for air ticket reservations in China, and issue and deliver air tickets using branch offices of our subsidiaries and a network of local agents throughout major cities in China. We receive a commission when we sell an airline ticket, and our contracts with certain airlines contain discretionary escalating commissions that are subject to achieving specific performance targets.
Our air ticketing process begins when a customer initiates an inquiry through our call center, websites or the call centers, employees or websites of one of our partners. The customer is informed of the available flights based on their schedule and desired air carrier and we then confirm a booking for a seat on the selected flight. In cases where the air ticket needs to be issued outside of Beijing or locations where we do not have staff, the booking information is sent to one of our local agents in the city where the ticket is to be issued. We also use local agents and other third party delivery companies to deliver tickets to our customers and collect payments for customers who have not prepaid with credit or debit cards. We then collect the airfare from the delivery company, pay the agent’s commission and the cost of the tickets, and retain the balance. We currently do not pre-purchase air tickets for resale. In 2008, we sold approximately 1.79 million air tickets compared to 1.01 million air tickets in 2006.
Non-travel services. We also derive a small portion of our revenues from non-travel services, comprised primarily of advertising on the websites of our Beijing Xici subsidiary.
For information on revenue attributable to different products, see “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Principal Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations.”
Supplier Relationship Management and Distribution
We strive to maintain good relationships with our travel suppliers. We have a team of employees dedicated to enhancing our relationship with existing travel suppliers and developing new relationships with prospective travel suppliers. We have also developed an electronic confirmation system that enables participating hotel suppliers to receive customer reservation information and confirm reservations through our online interface with the hotel supplier. We believe electronic confirmation system is a cost-effective and convenient way for hotels to interface with us.

 

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We provide our travel services primarily through the following channels:
Call center. We operate a 24-hour call center that, as of December 31, 2008, was staffed by approximately 870 employees. Our call center is accessible nationwide on a toll free basis for telephone calls in China, and we have customer service representatives who speak Chinese, English and Korean. Our call center has been an efficient distribution channel given the preference of many customers to book their travel arrangements by telephone as well as the relatively low cost of labor in China. However, labor costs in China have risen significantly in recent years, due in part to rising salaries as well as recent legislation such as the PRC Employment Contract Law. We currently expect our call center to remain an important distribution channel going forward.
Websites. We offer our travel services through our websites with the following addresses: http://www.eLong.com and http://www.eLong.net, as well as through other eLong-branded and private label websites offered by our web affiliates. Customers can browse travel service options, compare prices, book and confirm orders through our websites. Our websites provide customers with a quick, efficient and flexible service that facilitates comparison among a large number of travel suppliers.
Telephone booking services. Under the terms of our annual service agreements with various subsidiaries of China Telecom and China Netcom (“China Telecom and China Netcom”), we provide users of China Telecom and China Netcom directory assistance services in some provinces and municipalities with hotel reservation and fulfillment services. When a customer in one of the provinces or municipalities in which we have a cooperation with China Telecom or China Netcom, calls China Telecom or China Netcom for information about hotel reservations, the China Telecom or China Netcom employee will transfer such calls to our call center or make the reservation through our application program interface. China Telecom and China Netcom receive a commission from us, which is a percentage of the nightly room night rate, for the hotel reservations they generate through our booking services.
Reseller network. We have developed a nationwide network of over 2,500 resellers, consisting of primarily smaller travel and air ticketing agencies. These agencies utilize our call center and websites to distribute our travel services, and receive a commission from us, based on the number of hotel reservations and air ticket bookings they generate for us.
Marketing and Brand Promotion
We market our services through a combination of online marketing, traditional media advertising, co-marketing with established brands of other companies and direct marketing. We seek to build a brand identity that consumers associate with choice, convenience and value.
Online marketing. In order to expand our online presence, we have entered into contracts with Baidu China and Google China pursuant to which we have purchased travel-related keywords which will direct Baidu and Google users to our websites. We believe our online marketing effort is an important part of our marketing strategy.
Traditional media advertising. Our traditional media advertising efforts in 2008 included newspapers, bus and other outdoor advertisements, and radio advertisements. The focus of our media advertising efforts is to promote awareness of the eLong brand among potential customers.

 

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Co-marketing relationships. We seek to expand our market reach and revenues by entering into co-marketing agreements with companies that have a large customer base and strong brand recognition. Through such efforts, we intend to reach more potential customers and capitalize on the brand recognition of other leading companies in China. Generally, both entities share the revenues generated in such co-marketing activities. We have entered into co-marketing agreements with telecommunications service providers, airlines, financial institutions and other companies in China.
eLong membership program. We promote our brand and encourage customer loyalty through our loyalty point membership program. Membership in our eLong membership program entitles our customers to accumulate loyalty points which can be exchanged for awards such as free travel services, gifts and amenities. Our membership program is designed to encourage repeat transactions in and is an important element of our customer retention program.
Direct marketing. We conduct direct marketing activities at selected major airports and transportation hubs in China. Our promotional efforts at these locations consist primarily of the distribution of complimentary eLong membership cards. We also conduct email, SMS and phone marketing to our current and potential customers.
Corporate social responsibility. We believe service to our community is an important part of corporate citizenship and also promotes and strengthens our eLong brand. In June 2008, we donated RMB 500,000 to the China Wildlife Conservation Association to support the reconstruction of a panda wildlife reserve which had been severely damaged by the Sichuan earthquake.
Technology
We believe that we have a leading technology platform and team in the travel service industry in China, and we continue to upgrade our platform to provide enhanced customer service and strengthen our competitive position in the PRC travel market. Our goal is to develop and maintain a high-performance, reliable, scalable and secure system which can support our current and future demands for new features and functionalities.
In April 2008, we upgraded our eLong.com website with a significantly improved user interface and booking experience. In 2008, we also implemented our new Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) and Siebel Customer Relations Management (“CRM”) systems in order to upgrade our accounting, customer relationship management, and human resources functions. We also employ several systems and software packages to help with the development of our business, including, the Travel Industry Automation (the “TIA system”), which provides end-to-end technology support for our entire travel business; our E-Booking software which links hotels directly into TIA system; the Air Booking System which provides links to airline companies for our customers; the agent management module provides our agents with virtual reservation information; payment systems allowing credit and bank debit card payment; and security systems designed to prevent unauthorized access to our systems and to ensure that our users can only access and use our system according to pre-assigned authorization levels.

 

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Competition
We compete with other providers of online and offline travel services including Ctrip.com, traditional travel agencies and hotel and airline suppliers. We compete on the basis of brand recognition, selection, price, ease of use, accessibility of information, breadth of services offered, convenience, and customer service. As China’s travel market continues to grow, we may face further competition from other new domestic hotel room and airline ticket consolidators or international players that may expand into China. We may also face increasing competition from hotels and airlines should they further expand into the direct selling market or engage in alliances with other travel service providers besides us. See “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors.
Intellectual Property
To protect our proprietary rights, we rely upon a combination of copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, and confidentiality agreements with employees and third party service providers. Our standard form labor contracts include confidentiality and trade secret provisions. Moreover, we and our subsidiaries also enter into non-competition agreements with our senior executives. In addition, prior to discussing business and technologies with outside parties, we typically require that the parties enter into a non-disclosure agreement with us. If these discussions result in a license or other business relationship, we also require that the agreement setting forth the parties’ respective rights and obligations include provisions protecting our intellectual property rights.
Through our subsidiaries in China, we have registered various Internet domain names which we use in our business, including www.eLong.com, www.eLong.net, www.eLong.cn, www.xici.net, and www.lohoo.com with domain name registrars. We have also registered the “eLong” characters in Chinese, “eLong.com” in English, “Xici” in Chinese and various other trademarks in China with the PRC National Trademark Office.
Seasonality
See “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Major Factors Affecting the Travel Industry—Seasonality in the travel service industry” and “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Our quarterly results are likely to fluctuate because of seasonality in the travel industry in Chinafor a description of seasonal factors influencing our business.
Capital Expenditures
Our capital expenditures for property and equipment were RMB 20.7 million in 2006, RMB 22.2 million in 2007 and RMB 32.9 million in 2008. Principal areas of investment during 2008 related to purchases of software and hardware and development of computer systems and our technological infrastructure, including our new CRM and ERP systems which were launched in 2008. Our capital expenditures were primarily spent in Beijing and were financed from our internal resources. See “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further details regarding our capital expenditures.
Governmental Regulation
Regulatory Authorities
The PRC government regulates numerous areas which relate to our business, including the Internet, telecommunications, Internet information services, international connections to computer information networks, information security and censorship, as well as online air ticketing, online advertising and travel agencies, and air ticketing. The relevant rules are contained in a number of existing laws and regulations issued by various governmental authorities in the PRC, including:
    the MIIT(formerly known as the Ministry of Information, or “MII”);
 
    the State Council Information Office (the “SCIO”);

 

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    the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (the “SAIC”);
 
    the Ministry of Commerce (the “MOFCOM”);
 
    the Ministry of Public Security (the “MPS”) ;
 
    the Civil Aviation Administration of China (the “CAAC”); and
 
    the China National Tourism Administration (the “CNTA”).
Scope of Regulation
We are structured as an online company engaged in the businesses of travel agency, air ticketing and advertising. Current PRC laws and regulations impose substantial restrictions on foreign ownership in these businesses in China. As a result, we have subsidiaries in China that conduct operations through a series of contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities. See Section “4C. Organizational Structure” for a detailed description.
In the opinion of our PRC counsel, TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structure, businesses and operations of our subsidiaries and affiliated Chinese entities in China comply with all existing PRC laws, regulations and rules. In addition, no consent, approval or license, other than those already obtained, is currently required under existing PRC laws, regulations and rules for such ownership structure, businesses and operations.
Telecommunications Laws and Regulations
The Telecommunications Regulations of the People’s Republic of China (2000) (the “Telecoms Regulations”), require that telecommunications service providers procure operating licenses as a precondition for the commencement of operations. A distinction is drawn between “basic telecoms services” and “value-added telecoms services.” “Value-added telecoms services” are defined as telecommunications and information services provided through public networks.
The Catalogue of Telecommunications Services by Category, which is attached to the Telecoms Regulations, as amended, categorizes services as basic or value-added. The Catalogue’s list of value-added services includes online data and transaction processing, on-demand voice and image communications, domestic Internet virtual private networks, Internet data centers, message storage and forwarding (including voice mailbox, e-mail and online fax services), call centers, Internet access, and online information and data search. We are engaged in various types of value-added services that are subject to the Telecoms Regulations.

 

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Foreign direct investment in telecommunications companies in China is regulated by the Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-Invested Telecommunications Enterprises (the “FITE Regulations”)(2002) issued by the PRC State Council. The FITE Regulations stipulate that foreign-invested telecommunications enterprises, or FITEs, must be established as Sino-foreign equity joint ventures. FITEs can undertake operations in basic and value-added telecommunications services. The foreign party to a value-added FITE may currently hold up to 50% equity, with no geographic restrictions on its operations. On September 10, 2008, the State Council issued the Amended Regulations for the Administration of Foreign-Invested Telecommunications Enterprises (the “Amended FITE Regulations”), with immediate effect. Among other things, the Amended FITE Regulations reduced the minimum registered capital for a FITE offering basic telecommunications services by 50%, from RMB2 billion to RMB1 billion, for those operating nationwide or inter-provincial services; and from RMB200 million to RMB100 million for intra-provincial service providers. There was no change in the capitalization requirements for value-added telecoms service operators, and the cap on equity ownership of a foreign party in a FITE remains at 50%.
The Administrative Measures for Telecommunications Business Operating Licenses (the “Telecoms License Measures”), issued by the MII, supplement the FITE Regulations. The Telecoms License Measures confirm that there are two types of telecommunications operating licenses for operators in China (including FITEs), namely, licenses for basic services and licenses for value-added services. With respect to the latter, a distinction is made as to whether a license is granted for intra-provincial or “trans-regional” (inter-provincial) activities, and the permitted activities of the enterprise are noted in an appendix to the license. An approved telecommunications service operator must conduct its business (whether basic or value-added) in accordance with the specifications recorded on its telecommunications operating license. The Telecoms License Measures also confirm that the MII is the competent approval authority for foreign-invested telecommunications enterprises.
In 2006, the MII promulgated the Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services (the “MII VAT Notice”). The Notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign investment in PRC telecommunications businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications services. The Notice requires telecom companies (or their shareholders) to hold the domain names and trademarks that used in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and to hold the necessary business premises and facilities (including servers) within the geographic region covered by their ICP licenses and corresponding to their permitted ICP services. Under the MII VAT Notice, an enterprise holding an ICP permit must be the entity in possession of relevant key intellectual property rights, e.g., domain names and trademarks, used by the enterprise. Such intellectual property rights can also be held by the direct shareholders of the enterprise holding the ICP permit.
In 2000, the MII issued a Value-Added Telecoms Services Operating License to Beijing Information, authorizing the provision of mobile-network value-added telecommunications services nationwide. In 2004, the Beijing Telecommunications Administration (the “BTA”), issued a Telecoms and Information Services Operating License to our subsidiary, Beijing Information, authorizing the provision of Internet information services. Both of these permits have been renewed, remain valid and are subject to annual inspections.

 

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Internet Information Services
Under the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services (2000)( the “ICP Measures”), any entity that provides information to online users of the Internet in China is obliged to obtain an operating license from the MIIT or its provincial or municipal branch in accordance with the Telecoms Regulations. The ICP Measures require that ICP license holders to display their operating license numbers in a conspicuous location on the home page of their website. ICP license holders are also obliged to police their websites in order to remove certain broadly defined categories of harmful content. The ICP Measures also mandate that an ICP license holder must obtain the prior consent of the MIIT prior to establishing an equity or cooperative joint venture with a foreign partner.
Beijing Information and Beijing Xici each holds a license for Internet content provision services, having received their ICP licenses in 2001 and 2008, respectively.
Information Security and Censorship
The principal pieces of PRC legislation concerning information security and censorship include:
    The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Preservation of State Secrets (1988) and its Implementing Rules (1990);
 
    The Law of the People’s Republic of China Regarding State Security (1993) and its Implementing Rules (1994);
 
    Rules of the People’s Republic of China for Protecting the Security of Computer Information Systems (1994);
 
    Notice Concerning Work Relating to the Filing of Computer Information Systems with International Connections (1996);
 
    Administrative Regulations for the Protection of Secrecy on Computer Information Systems Connected to International Networks (1999);
 
    Regulations for the Protection of State Secrets for Computer Information Systems on the Internet (2000);
 
    Notice issued by the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China Regarding Issues Relating to the Implementation of the Administrative Measure for the Security Protection of International Connections to Computer Information Networks (2000);
 
    The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Regarding the Safeguarding of Internet Security (2000); and
 
    Measures for the Administration of Commercial Website Filings for the Record (2002) and their Implementing Rules (2002).

 

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The above legislation specifically prohibit the use of Internet infrastructure where it results in a breach of public security, the provision of socially destabilizing content or the divulgence of State secrets, as follows:
    “A breach of public security” includes breach of national security or disclosure of state secrets; infringement on state, social or collective interests or the legal rights and interests of citizens; or illegal or criminal activities.
 
    “Socially destabilizing content” includes any action that incites defiance or violation of Chinese laws; incites subversion of state power and the overturning of the socialist system; fabricates or distorts the truth, spreads rumors or disrupts social order; advocates cult activities; or spreads feudal superstition, involves obscenities, pornography, gambling, violence, murder, or horrific acts or instigates criminal acts.
 
    “State secrets” are defined as “matters that affect the security and interest of the state.” This broad term covers such as national defense, diplomatic affairs, policy decisions on state affairs, national economic and social development, political parties and “other State secrets that the State Secrecy Bureau has determined should be safeguarded.”
According to the aforementioned legislation, it is mandatory for Internet companies in the PRC to complete security filing procedures with the local public security bureau and for them to regularly update the local public security bureau regarding information security and censorship systems of their websites. In this regard, the Administrative Rules on the Filing of Commercial Websites was promulgated by the Beijing AIC in 2004, replaced the prior Detailed Implementing Rules for the Measures for the Administration of Commercial Website Filings for the Record (2000), and requires websites to:
    register with the Beijing AIC and obtain electronic registration marks;
 
    place the registration marks on their websites’ homepages; and
 
    register their website names with the Beijing AIC.
We have registered our websites with the Beijing AIC and display our electronic registration mark on our homepage.
Consumer Data Protection & Privacy
In 2004, the MII issued a notice setting forth various requirements for the protection of the rights of consumers in the telecoms sector, including with respect to ambiguity in billing practices for telecoms services, poor quality of connections and unsolicited SMS messages.
In 2006, the MII promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Internet E-mail Services. Under these regulations, an “Opt-in” System is expected to be introduced into the area of e-mail services, whereby e-mails containing commercial advertisements are not delivered unless specifically requested by users. Furthermore, the subject line of all e-mails containing advertisements will be required to be labeled with “advertisement” or “AD”. In addition, the IP address of each server that supports e-mail will be registered in order to facilitate the tracing and identification of spam sources.

 

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On June 11, 2008, the MII promulgated a Circular Regarding the Campaign against SMS Spam which requires telecom operators to strengthen supervision of SMS channels, including (i) illegal spam SMS sending enterprises; (ii) short message advertisements, and (iii) manufacture and sale of illegal SMS broadcasting equipment. The Circular also requires telecom operators to close down illegal spam message sending terminals and set up a blacklist of illegal operators.
On February 28, 2009, the NPC adopted the Seventh Amendment of the PRC Criminal Law, which added an offense for the “sale or unlawful provision of personal information” by individuals or enterprises. The new provision makes it unlawful for any employee of a government institution or a financial, telecommunication, transportation, education or medical organization to illegally sell (or by other illegal means provide others with) any other PRC citizen’s personal information obtained by such employee during the performance of his or her duties or services, and provides for penalties, which may include monetary fines, criminal detention or imprisonment for up to three years, depending on the severity of the violation.
Air ticketing. The air ticketing business is subject to the supervision of the CAAC and its regional branches. The principal regulations governing air ticketing business in China are the Regulations on the Administration of Civil Aviation Transportation Sales Agencies (1993). Under these regulations, an air ticketing agency must obtain a permit from the CAAC or its regional branch in every city in which the agency proposes to conduct business. Effective as of March 31, 2006, the CAAC promulgated the Rules Concerning the Affirmation for the Qualification of Aviation Transportation Sales Agencies. The air ticketing agency sector is currently regulated by an industrial association, rather than a government-based administration as it was previously. In 2008, we completed the air ticketing agency qualification certificate renewal procedure.
The principal regulation governing foreign ownership in the air ticketing business in China is the Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue (2004). In the past, this regulation prevented foreign investors (including investors from Hong Kong and Macau) from owning 100% of air ticketing agencies in China. However, in accordance with the Second Supplementary Regulations regarding Foreign Investment in Civil Aviation Transportation Industry (effective from January 4, 2007), qualified service providers from Hong Kong or Macau are allowed to own 100% of aviation transportation sale agencies in China with the only restriction that they are still prohibited from selling tickets to passengers for domestic PRC air travel.
Historically, the CAAC and the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”) jointly regulated the pricing of airline tickets as well as commissions payable to air ticketing agencies. However, in May 2008, the CAAC issued the Circular on Change in the Management of Domestic Aviation Service Fares, pursuant to which, after October 1, 2008, air ticketing commissions are subject to negotiations between suppliers and agents, rather than direct regulation by the CAAC and NDRC.
Travel Agency
Travel agency. The travel agency industry is subject to the supervision of the CNTA and local tourism administrations. The principal regulations governing travel agencies in China include: (i) the Regulation on Travel Agencies (the “Travel Agency Regulations”), issued by the State Council in February 2009 and effective May 1, 2009, which replaced the Administration of Travel Agencies Regulations (1996), and (ii) the Implementing Rules for the Regulation on Travel Agencies (the “Travel Agency Implementing Rules”), promulgated by the CNTA in March 2009.

 

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The Travel Agency Regulations permit foreign investors to establish wholly foreign-owned travel agencies, as well as Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperative travel agencies. Any investor (including foreign investors) intending to establish a travel agency or engage in the domestic tourism and inbound tourism business must have a fixed place of business and necessary business facilities, and have registered capital of at least RMB 300,000. A travel agency that has obtained its business permit for two or more years may apply to engage in the operation of the outbound tourism business, provided that it has not been subject to any administrative penalties by the relevant administrative body arising from the infringement of the rights and interests of tourists.
Foreign-owned travel agencies are allowed to open branches nationwide. However, foreign-owned travel agencies are still restricted from engaging in the outbound tourism business in China, unless otherwise determined by the State Council, or provided under any bilateral free trade agreements between the home country and China, or the closer economic partnership agreements between China and Hong Kong and Macau.
The Travel Agency Implementing Rules became effective May 3, 2009 and replaced the former Implementing Rules for Regulation on the Administration of Travel Agencies (2001). The Travel Agency Implementing Rules define certain terms used in the Travel Agency Regulations (e.g. the definition of “domestic tourism business,” “inbound tourism business” and “outbound tourism business”), and set out detailed application requirements to establish a travel agency, such as equipment requirements. The Travel Agency Implementing Rules also clarify certain aspects of legal liability for travel agencies as prescribed in the Travel Agency Regulations. For example, according to the Travel Agency Regulations, travel agencies that change an itinerary stipulated in a travel contract shall be fined up to RMB 500,000. The Travel Agency Implementing Rules provide that any of the following situations shall be treated as a “change of itinerary”: decrease in the number of tour items; reduction of tour time; increase in the number of changes to tour destinations; increase in shopping time or the extension of shopping time; and changes to the arrangements stipulated in the travel contract between the travel agency and the tourist.
Regulation of Foreign Currency Exchange and Dividend Distribution
Foreign currency exchange. The principal regulation governing foreign currency exchange in China is the Foreign Currency Administration Rules (1996), as amended in August 2008. Under these rules, the Renminbi is freely convertible for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for direct investment, loans or investments in securities outside China without the prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange of the People’s Republic of China or its local branches ( “SAFE”).
Pursuant to the Foreign Currency Administration Rules, foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase foreign exchange without SAFE approval for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions by providing commercial documents evidencing these transactions. They may also retain foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, to satisfy foreign exchange liabilities or to pay dividends. Foreign exchange transactions for direct investment, loan and investment in securities outside China are still subject to limitations and require approvals from SAFE. See “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—Governmental control of currency conversion may affect our ability to pay dividends and the value of our ADSs” and “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—PRC regulations may limit our ability to transfer our funds held overseas into China.”
On August 29, 2008, SAFE promulgated a notice regulating the conversion by a foreign-invested company of foreign currency into Renminbi by restricting how the converted Renminbi may be used. The notice provides that the registered capital of a foreign-invested company settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies may only be used for purposes within the business scope approved by the applicable governmental authority and may not be used for equity investments within the PRC. In addition, SAFE strengthened its oversight of the flow and use of the registered capital of a foreign-invested company settled in Renminbi converted from foreign currencies. The use of such Renminbi capital may not be changed without SAFE’s approval, and may not in any case be used to repay Renminbi loans if the proceeds of such loans have not been used.

 

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Dividend distribution. The principal regulations governing distribution of dividends by foreign-invested companies include:
    the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Law (2001);
 
    the Regulations of Implementation of the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Law (2001);
 
    the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (2000); and
 
    the Regulations of Implementation of the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (2001).
Our wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries are required to provide for certain statutory reserves, namely a general reserve, an enterprise expansion fund and a staff welfare and bonus fund. These subsidiaries are required to allocate at least 10% of their after tax profits on an individual company basis as determined under PRC GAAP to the general reserve and have the right to discontinue allocations to the general reserve if such reserve has reached 50% of registered capital on an individual company basis. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the Board of Directors of these subsidiaries.
In addition, our affiliated entities in China are required to allocate 10% of their respective after-tax profits to their respective statutory general reserve, unless such statutory general reserve amounts to over 50% of the entity’s registered capital. After the entities have allocated to their statutory general reserve from their after-tax profits, they may, upon a resolution adopted at shareholders’ meeting, allocate to a discretionary general reserve from their after-tax profits.
The PRC Corporate Income Tax Law, (the “CIT Law”), which became effective on January 1, 2008, provides that a maximum income tax rate of 20% may be applicable to dividends payable to non-PRC investors that are “non-resident enterprises”, to the extent such dividends are derived from sources within the PRC. The State Council’s Implementation Rules for the CIT Law reduced the rate to 10%. We are a Cayman Islands holding company and substantially all of our income may be derived from dividends we receive from our affiliated Chinese entities. Thus, dividends paid to us by our affiliated Chinese entities in the PRC may be subject to the 10% income tax if we are considered as a “non-resident enterprise” under the CIT Law.
The CIT Law also provides that enterprises established in foreign countries or regions for which the “de facto management bodies” are located within the PRC will be considered as PRC “resident enterprises” and will be subject to CIT at the rate of 25% on their global income. On April 22, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued a Notice on Issues Regarding Recognition of Overseas Incorporated Enterprises Controlled by PRC Domestic Enterprises as PRC Resident Enterprises Based on the De Facto Management Body Criteria (the “Tax Residency Notice”). Under the Tax Residency Notice, which was retroactively effective as of January 1, 2008, an overseas enterprise will be deemed to be a PRC resident enterprise — and thus subject to CIT

 

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of 25% on its global income if it satisfies four conditions: (i) the company’s management team responsible for daily operations are located in China, or the location where the management team carries out their responsibilities is in China; (ii) finance and personnel decisions are made or need approval by institutions or people in China; (iii) the company’s major property, accounting ledger, company seal and minutes of board meetings and shareholder meetings are kept in China; and (iv) at least half of the members of the board of directors with voting rights or the management team habitually live in China. Otherwise, a “non-resident enterprise” is subject to withholding tax at the rate of 10% with respect to its PRC-sourced dividend income distributed from earnings accumulated after January 1, 2008, subject to applicable tax agreements or treaties between the PRC and other tax jurisdictions. We are controlled by Expedia, Inc., through Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, which, as of December 31, 2008, was our controlling shareholder with 96% of the Company’s voting power and had the ability to control substantially all of the Company’s management and business operations. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC tax authorities will not deem eLong, Inc. to be a PRC resident enterprise. See “Item 3: Key Information About the Company: Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—We would be adversely affected by the discontinuation of any preferential tax treatments currently available to us in the PRC.
Employment Law
In 2008, a new Employment Contract Law of the PRC as well as detailed implementing regulations came into effect. These new laws and regulations expand the rights and protections of employees and increase human resources, litigation and severance costs for employers. For example, the new law requires written employment contracts for all employees, restricts conditions under which an employer can terminate an employee’s employment contract and requires severance payments to be paid to employees upon termination of the employment relationship, unless specified exceptions apply.
4C: Organizational Structure
eLong, Inc. is an indirect subsidiary of Expedia, Inc. (NASDAQ: EXPE), which is an online travel company, empowering business and leisure travelers with the tools and information to efficiently research, plan, book and experience travel. Through the ownership of our high-vote ordinary shares by its indirect subsidiary, Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, as of April 30, 2009, Expedia, Inc. controls approximately 96% of our voting power.
eLong, Inc. is incorporated in the Cayman Islands and has three wholly-owned direct subsidiaries: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ( “eLong Information”), which is incorporated in the PRC, Bravado Investments Limited (“Bravado”) which is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands, and Shanghai Xinwang Computer Technology Co., Ltd., which is incorporated in the PRC.
Foreign ownership of Internet content provision, call center, air ticketing and travel agency businesses is subject to significant restrictions under current PRC laws and regulations. As a result, we conduct operations in China through a series of contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities, which hold the licenses and permits required to conduct our business. These affiliated Chinese entities include:
    Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., or Beijing Information, which holds a license for Internet content provision services (“ICP license”), a license for call center services, and a license for value added telecommunications services (“SP license”) which provides us the right to conduct wireless services including but not limited to short messaging services and multimedia messaging services.

 

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    Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Air”), which holds domestic and international air ticketing licenses.
 
    Beijing eLong International Travel Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Travel”), which holds domestic and international (inbound/outbound) travel agency licenses.
 
    Hangzhou eLong Air Service Co., Ltd. (“Hangzhou Air”), which holds domestic and international air ticketing licenses.
 
    Beijing Xici Interactive Information Technology Co. Ltd. (“Beijing Xici”), which holds an ICP license and a special Bulletin Board System (BBS) permit.
Beijing Information as holder of an ICP and SP license and Beijing Xici are each subject to separate annual inspections in order to maintain these licenses.
As of April 30, 2009, Justin Tang, a member of our board of directors, Guangfu Cui, our CEO, and Jack Wang, our Vice President of Partner Service Group, own 75%, 12.5% and 12.5%, respectively, of Beijing Information as nominee shareholders; Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui, own 75% and 25% respectively, of Beijing Media as our nominees; Beijing Information and Beijing Media own 93% and 7%, respectively, of Beijing Air; Beijing Information and Beijing Air own 70% and 30%, respectively, of Beijing Travel; Beijing Air owns 100% of Hangzhou Air; and Beijing Information owns 100% of Beijing Xici.
4D: Property and Equipment
We do not own any real estate, and lease all of our facilities. Our headquarters in Beijing, consisting of our administrative center, sales and marketing division, technical services department and call center, is located in a leased space of approximately 10,000 square meters at Xingke Plaza, 10 Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100016, PRC. We lease the premises for our headquarters under a number of leases, which were renewed in 2008 and, unless we exercise our early termination rights, will expire in November 2012. We also lease branch and sales offices in major cities in China including Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Chengdu, which have a total leased space of approximately 3,400 square meters. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our current needs and that additional space will be available to accommodate any future expansion.
Item 4A: Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this annual report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements. See “Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements” at the beginning of this annual report. We caution you that our business and financial performance are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the information provided under “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors” in this annual report.

 

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OVERVIEW
We are a leading online travel service provider in China. We provide our customers with consolidated travel information and the ability to book rooms, air tickets and other travel related services utilizing a centralized modern call center and web-based distribution technologies.
Major Factors Affecting the Travel Industry
A variety of factors affect the travel industry in China, and hence our results of operations and financial condition, including:
Growth in the overall economy and demand for travel services in China. We expect that our financial results will continue to be affected by the overall growth of the economy and demand for travel services in China. In 2008, the PRC economy experienced several adverse events, including unseasonably strong winter storms in the first quarter, the severe Sichuan earthquake in the second quarter, and the general slowing of the global and PRC economy due to the international financial crisis occurring during the fourth quarter. We anticipate that demand for travel services in China will continue to be linked to the condition of the broader economy for the foreseeable future.
Seasonality in the travel service industry. The travel service industry in China is characterized by seasonal fluctuations and accordingly our revenues may vary from quarter to quarter. We typically generate a larger portion of our revenues in the second half of the year. The first quarter of each year generally contributes the smallest portion of our annual revenues due to reduced business activity during the Chinese New Year holiday. In addition, seasonality of the PRC travel market is affected by PRC national and provincial government regulation of the calendar of public holidays, including for example, the decision by the State Council in 2008 to restructure the annual calendar of public holidays by adding a few shorter holidays and reducing the May 1st holiday period from one week to three days. Our results in the future may be affected by seasonal fluctuations in the use of our services by our customers.
Disruptions in the travel industry. Individual travelers tend to modify their travel plans based on the occurrence of events such as:
    outbreaks, or the fear of outbreaks, of H1N1 flu (swine flu), severe acute respiratory syndrome, avian flu or other diseases;
 
    travel-related accidents;
 
    unseasonable or extreme weather, such as the severe snow and ice storms which hit south China in the first quarter of 2008;
 
    natural disasters, such as the severe earthquake and aftershocks hitting Sichuan Province in May 2008;
 
    major events, such as the Summer Olympic Games held in Beijing in August 2008;

 

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    threats of war or incidents of terrorism;
 
    general economic downturns, such as the current global financial crisis; and
 
    increased prices in the hotel, airline or other travel-related industries.
OPERATING RESULTS
Principal Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Revenues. Our revenues are generated predominantly through our hotel reservation and, to a lesser extent, air ticketing businesses. We act as agents for the travel services that we provide, and recognize the commissions that we earn. We have experienced year-over-year increases in total revenue of 19% from 2006 to 2007 and 10% from 2007 to 2008. Our increase in revenues from 2007 to 2008 was due to the increase in both our hotel and air ticketing commissions accompanying the higher volume of hotel room nights we booked and air tickets we sold. As we do not pre-purchase the travel services that we book for our customers, we do not carry inventory risk.
The table below sets forth the revenues from our principal lines of business for the periods indicated.
                                                         
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
    RMB     %     RMB     %     RMB     US$     %  
    (in thousands, except for percentage data)  
Revenues
                                                       
Hotel reservation commissions(1)
    209,275       79 %     240,803       76 %     253,458       37,150       73 %
Air ticketing commissions(2)
    38,288       15 %     57,456       18 %     77,205       11,316       22 %
 
                                                       
Other travel revenue(3)
    8,398       3 %     5,588       2 %     1,284       189       0 %
 
                                                       
Total travel revenue
    255,961       97 %     303,847       96 %     331,947       48,655       95 %
 
                                                       
Non travel(4)
    8,583       3 %     11,550       4 %     16,479       2,415       5 %
 
                                         
 
                                                       
 
    264,544       100 %     315,397       100 %     348,426       51,070       100 %
 
     
(1)   Revenues from our hotel reservation services are determined by the number of room nights we book and the commissions we earn. Our customers pay the hotels directly, and we collect our commissions based on the number of room nights our customers stay. Our commission from hotel reservation services is recognized after hotel customers have completed their hotel stay, based on our confirmation with the hotel of the customer’s stay. Because we act as an agent in transactions with no risk of losses due to obligations for cancelled visits, we recognize our revenues from hotel transactions on a net basis in our statements of operations.

 

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(2)   Revenues derived from our air ticketing service currently represent the second largest component of our travel-related revenues. We conduct our air ticketing business through contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities as well as local agents for the issuance and delivery of air tickets and collection of air ticketing fares. Commissions from air ticketing services are recognized upon the delivery of the ticket to the customer, net of estimated cancellations. Contracts with certain airlines contain discretionary escalating commissions that are subject to achieving specific performance targets. Such escalating commissions are recognized on a cash basis because we cannot reasonably estimate such commissions.
 
(3)   Other travel revenue for 2007 primarily includes vacation packages revenue and revenue sharing with Travelscape. The vacation packages business was suspended in July 2007.
 
(4)   Non travel revenue for 2006, 2007 and 2008 primarily includes Internet advertising revenue.
As of December 31, 2008, our accounts receivable balance mainly represents amounts from our travel suppliers, delivery companies and credit card companies. We perform periodic credit evaluations of the financial condition of our suppliers. We make provisions for doubtful accounts, individually and collectively, based on an assessment of the recoverability of individual accounts by considering the age of the receivable, our historical write-off experience and the general credit history of the supplier. The increase in accounts receivable, to RMB42.5 million (US$6.2 million) as of December 31, 2008 from RMB41.1 million as of December 31, 2007 was due mainly to increases in our hotel and air ticketing business.
We receive commissions from our suppliers based on the number of hotel room nights and air tickets that we book. As we increase our revenues and the number of hotel and air suppliers with whom we have relationships, we expect our accounts receivable from our suppliers to increase. We have taken steps to enforce an accounts receivable collection policy and typically require our hotel and air agent suppliers to pay the balances due to us within 30 to 60 days.
Cost of services. Cost of services consists primarily of payroll compensation, share-based compensation, telecommunications expenses, rent and related overhead expenses, credit card handling fees, air ticket delivery costs incurred by call centers, and service platform costs which are directly attributable to the provision of our travel services and non travel services. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, cost of services as a percentage of our total net revenues was 25%, 28% and 30%, respectively. Because these costs are largely variable in nature, we expect that cost of services in future periods will generally fluctuate in line with any expansion or contraction of our business operations.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses primarily consist of service development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses.
Service development expenses primarily consist of expenses we incur to develop our transaction and service platform, expenses to maintain, monitor and manage websites and hotel and air product employees. We expect service development expenses to increase as we continue to upgrade our services and invest in technology, websites and air and hotel products. Our service development expenses as a percentage of our total net revenues were 17%, 16%, and 16% for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.

 

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Sales and marketing expenses include online and offline advertising expenses, commissions to third party distribution partners and resellers, expenses associated with our loyalty program, and human resources expenses for marketing personnel. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of our total net revenues were 40%, 43% and 50% for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. The increase in 2008 was largely a result of increased sales commissions paid to third party distribution partners, such as China Telecom and China Netcom, in line with increased transaction volumes in these distribution channels, and increased online marketing spending.
General and administrative expenses primarily include finance, legal, human resources, auditing and executive office expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased slightly as a percentage of our total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 to 16% from 17% for the year ended December 31, 2007, primarily due to a reduction of external consulting fees and an increase in our revenues.
We participate in various PRC government-mandated social insurance and employee welfare plans. These government-mandated plans include unemployment insurance, medical insurance, pension benefits and housing funds. We are required to make monthly contributions to these plans at rates which are a fixed percentage of the salary of each of employee. We are not obligated to provide retirement benefits beyond the monthly contributions we make during the period of an employee’s employment with us. Contributions to these plans are expensed as incurred. In 2006, 2007 and 2008, we contributed RMB16.2 million, RMB17.8 million and RMB23.5 million (US$3.4 million), respectively, to various government-mandated social insurance and welfare plans. The increase in 2008 was due primarily to increased headcount and increased mandatory social insurance contributions rates.
During 2008, we recognized a charge of RMB1.0 million (US$0.1 million), which was the write-off of legacy software systems after new systems and operations procedures were implemented, and an impairment of intangible assets of RMB0.4 million (US$0.1 million) for the Fortune Trip trade name, which we do not intend to actively use. During 2007, we recognized an impairment of property and equipment of RMB0.5 million (US$0.1 million), which related to vacation package business that we suspended in July 2007 and a one-time impairment of intangible assets of RMB0.5 million (US$0.1million) which related to the customer list of Fortune Trip.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded other income (expense) exchange losses of RMB60.9 million (US$8.93 million) as compared to RMB65.8 million in 2007. The exchange loss was a result of the Renminbi appreciation against the U.S. dollar and was derived from the translation of our U.S. dollar-denominated cash deposits and short-term investments into Renminbi for financial reporting purposes. This exchange loss was partially offset by 2008 interest income of RMB29.0 million (US$4.3 million).
Under PRC law, our services related revenues are subject to a 5% business tax. In addition, our advertising service revenues are subject to a cultural development surcharge of 3%. Both of these items are captured in “Business tax and surcharges” in the table below under “Results of Operations.”
Income tax. Because we, our subsidiaries and our affiliated Chinese entities are incorporated in different jurisdictions, we file separate income tax returns. Under the laws of the Cayman Islands, eLong, Inc. is exempt from income tax and there are no withholding taxes.
Prior to January 1, 2008, in accordance with prior legislation, all of our subsidiaries and affiliated Chinese entities, except for eLong Information and Beijing Information, were subject to corporate income tax, or CIT, at a rate of 33%. However, enterprises deemed to be High New Technology Enterprises were eligible for a favorable tax rate of 15% (with a tax exemption for the first three years of operation and a 7.5% for the following three years). eLong Information obtained High New Technology Enterprise status, and thus was entitled to an income tax rate of 15% from January 1, 2006. Beijing Information was deemed a High New Technology Enterprise and enjoyed a reduced income tax rate of 7.5% for 2004 through 2006, and 15% rate in 2007 and 2008.

 

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In 2007, the Chinese government enacted the CIT Law. The CIT Law, imposes a unified income tax rate of 25% for both domestic and foreign invested enterprises, and provides that High New Technology Enterprises can enjoy a favorable tax rate of 15%. eLong Information and Beijing Information have both been certified as High New Technology Enterprises under the new Corporate Income Tax Law, and are thus subject to a preferential income tax rate of 15%.
In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the temporary differences become deductible or utilized. We consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
Acquisitions and Disposals
In November 2004, we completed the purchase of 80% of the outstanding equity interest of Raytime Consultants Limited (Raytime), for a total purchase price of up to RMB27.8 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain post-closing financial milestones. In 2005, we recorded impairment losses of approximately RMB17 million on goodwill and intangible assets related to Raytime, and in 2006, we sold all of our outstanding equity interest of Raytime back to the original sellers. The payment of such purchase price was made as an offset against the amounts we owed to the original sellers in connection with our acquisition of Raytime. We recognized a gain of RMB2,649,682 in 2006 as a result of such sale, which was reported as income from discontinued operations.
In 2005, we completed the purchase of all outstanding equity of Fortune Trip and Bravado, which were providers of hotel reservation and air ticketing services in the PRC. The total purchase price for Fortune Trip and Bravado was US$2,567,637, plus capitalized acquisition costs of RMB1,394,134. The total purchase price excluded (i) consideration of $375,000 that was contingent upon certain employment conditions, and (ii) a contingent adjustment to the net asset value according to the finalization of certain assumed liabilities. During 2006 the employment condition was not met, and as a result we were not required to pay the US$375,000. The adjustment to the net asset value was RMB563,786, and was recorded as additional purchase consideration upon its payment in December 2006.
In September 2006, we entered into an asset purchase agreement and a cooperation agreement with Match.com and two Match subsidiaries, (collectively, “Match”), for disposition of our online dating business operated under the name “eDodo” at a total purchase price of US$14,625,000. The disposition was effective in October 2006 at which time the purchased assets and employees were transferred to Match and Match paid us 90% of the purchase price. The remaining 10% of the purchase price was placed in escrow and released to us in April 2008.

 

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We and Match are both under the common control of Barry Diller. Match.com is a wholly owned subsidiary of IAC/InterActiveCorp (“IAC”). Expedia is the indirect owner of approximately 61% of our outstanding shares and holds approximately 96% of our voting power. Barry Diller is the Chairman and chief executive officer of IAC and the Chairman and Senior Executive of Expedia, Inc. Under the terms of stockholders agreements between Mr. Diller and Liberty Media Corporation, Mr. Diller holds irrevocable proxies to vote the shares of each of IAC and Expedia beneficially owned by Liberty Media. By virtue of the proxies, as well as through shares owned by Mr. Diller directly, Mr. Diller generally has the ability to control the outcome of all matters submitted to a vote of IAC’s or Expedia’s stockholders (except certain specified matters). The buyer (Match) and seller (eLong) in the transaction therefore are considered entities under common control for US GAAP purposes, and the asset transfer is thus accounted for as a transfer of assets to a company under common control. Accordingly, no gain was recognized as a result of the transfer and the excess of net sale proceeds over the carrying value of the net assets sold RMB94.17 million is recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. The results of operations of the eDodo business have been presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our operating results and financial condition are based on our audited consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our operating results and financial condition are sensitive to assumptions and estimates that underlie the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. We base our assumptions and estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable and which form the basis for making judgments about matters that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our management evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates as facts, circumstances and conditions change or as a result of different assumptions.
Our management considers the following factors in reviewing our financial statements:
    the selection of critical accounting policies; and
 
    the judgments and other uncertainties affecting the application of those critical accounting policies.
The selection of critical accounting policies, the judgments and other uncertainties affecting application of those policies and the sensitivity of reported results to changes in conditions and assumptions are factors to be considered when reviewing our consolidated financial statements. Our principal accounting policies are set forth in additional detail in Note (2) to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. We believe the following critical accounting policies involve the most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Depreciation. Our property and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, after taking into account their estimated residual value. We review periodically our policies with regard to the estimated useful lives of the assets The useful lives are based on our historical experience with similar assets and taking into account anticipated technological changes.
Impairment of long-lived assets. We periodically review the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including property, equipment and definitive lived intangible assets, to assess whether they are impaired. We test these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. When such a decline has occurred, we adjust the carrying amount to the recoverable amount. We measure the recoverability of assets by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. In determining estimates of future cash flows, significant judgment in terms of projection of future cash flows and other assumptions is required. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined based upon a combination of multiple of earnings and future cash flows.

 

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Impairment of goodwill and certain intangible assets. We annually test whether goodwill and intangible assets, which are not subject to amortization, have been impaired. Such tests are performed more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. We evaluate the recoverability of goodwill using a two-step impairment test approach at the reporting unit level. In the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value including goodwill. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined based upon the present value of estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, a second step is performed which compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the carrying value of the goodwill. In determining the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill, the fair values of the tangible net assets and recognized and unrecognized intangible assets are deducted from the fair value of the reporting unit. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill is lower than its carrying amount, goodwill is impaired and is written down to its implied fair value. Where quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined using valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows. The impairment test on an intangible asset that is not subject to amortization consists of a comparison of the fair value of an intangible asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of an intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.
Provision for doubtful accounts. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated probable losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We base our estimates on the aging of our accounts receivable balance, customer credit-worthiness, and historical write-off experience. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, actual write-offs might be higher than expected, which could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition through the recording of a higher level of provisions. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008, the Company wrote off provisions for accounts receivables of RMB4.0 million and RMB0.1 million, respectively, which were aged one year or longer which were deemed to be uncollectable after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
Deferred income tax. Deferred income taxes are provided using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
In accordance with SFAS No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” , the tax benefits associated with the utilization of pre-acquisition net operating loss carryforwards for which a valuation allowance was established at the date of the acquisition are recognized in the consolidated financial statements after the acquisition date as follows: (i) first to reduce to zero any goodwill related to the acquisition; (ii) second to reduce to zero other non-current intangible assets related to the acquisition; and (iii) third to reduce income tax expense. We reduced goodwill by RMB4,083,112, nil and nil in the years ended December 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, for the utilization of acquired tax benefits for which a valuation allowance had been previously established.

 

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Provision for loyalty points. Cardholders of our eLong membership program can earn loyalty points based on their usage of the cards. We award travel services and other non-cash gifts to the cardholders upon the redemption of loyalty points that are accumulated based on the cardholders’ transactions. We recognize estimated costs to provide free travel and other non-cash gifts based on historical redemption rates and recognize such costs as sales and marketing expenses in the statements of operations. The liabilities for loyalty points are reduced upon the redemption or expiration of the loyalty points. If actual redemption rates differ significantly from our estimates, it will result in an adjustment to our liabilities and the corresponding expenses.
Share-based compensation. We have adopted SFAS No. 123R. Under the fair value based method, compensation cost related to employee stock options and similar equity instruments is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period. We determine fair value using the Black-Scholes model. Under this model, certain assumptions, including the risk-free interest rate, the expected life of the options and the estimated fair value of our ordinary shares and the expected volatility, are required to determine the fair value of the options. Forfeitures are estimated at the date of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. If different assumptions had been used, the fair value of the options, net of estimated forfeitures, would have been different from the amount we computed and recorded, which would have resulted in either an increase or decrease in the compensation cost. We increased the estimated forfeiture rate in 2008 due to high rate of turnover among employees who had been granted options and/or performance units. Stock-based compensation awards which are settled in cash upon vesting are classified as liabilities and included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. Compensation cost related to liability-classified awards, is determined based on the current share price and other pertinent factors at grant date, and the proportionate amount of the requisite service that has been rendered to date.
We account for equity instruments issued to non-employee vendors in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R and Emerging Issues Task Force ( “EITF”) Issue No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services.” All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date of the fair value of the equity instrument issued is the date on which the counterparty’s performance is complete. We believe that our assumptions, including the risk-free interest rate and expected life used to determine fair value, are appropriate. However, if different assumptions had been used, the fair value of the equity instruments issued to non-employee vendors would have been different from the amount we computed and recorded, which would have resulted in either an increase or decrease in the associated compensation cost.

 

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Revenue recognition. Our revenues are principally derived from the provision of travel services, including hotel reservation, air ticketing and other related travel services. Commissions from air ticketing services rendered are recognized upon the delivery of the ticket to the customer, net of estimated cancellations. Estimated cancellations were insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008. We describe our revenue recognition policies in our consolidated financial statements. We believe our revenue recognition policies are consistent with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements” and EITF 99-19 “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent.” As we operate as an agent of our travel suppliers, we have no risk of loss due to obligations for cancelled services. As such, we are not the primary obligor in the travel reservation services and we therefore recognize commissions on a net basis.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain information relating to our results of operations as of the dates and for the periods indicated:
                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
Revenues:
                               
Travel
    255,960,988       303,846,548       331,947,035       48,654,750  
Other
    8,582,692       11,550,123       16,478,511       2,415,319  
 
                       
Total revenues
    264,543,680       315,396,671       348,425,546       51,070,069  
Business tax and surcharges
    14,702,612       17,810,292       21,112,717       3,094,572  
Net revenues
    249,841,068       297,586,379       327,312,829       47,975,497  
Cost of services
    62,245,355       82,497,585       96,996,309       14,217,121  
 
                       
Gross profit
    187,595,713       215,088,794       230,316,520       33,758,376  
Operating expenses:
                               
Service development
    41,921,653       48,602,279       52,584,041       7,707,445  
Sales and marketing
    99,091,184       126,971,094       163,528,250       23,968,963  
General and administrative
    61,534,710       52,005,466       53,652,427       7,864,042  
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,060,000       1,060,000       848,906       124,427  
Charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets
          1,038,896       1,384,814       202,977  
 
                       
Loss from operations
    (16,011,834 )     (14,588,941 )     (41,681,918 )     (6,109,478 )
Other income (expenses):
                               
Interest income
    51,429,793       55,470,781       29,020,353       4,253,624  
Foreign exchange loss
    (33,016,052 )     (65,819,578 )     (60,937,889 )     (8,931,900 )
Other
    (10,775 )     131,630              
 
                       
Total other income (expenses), net
    18,402,966       (10,217,167 )     (31,917,536 )     (4,678,276 )
 
                       
Income/(loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense
    2,391,132       (24,806,108 )     (73,599,454 )     (10,787,754 )
Income tax expense
    2,835,259       885,343       2,993,678       438,795  
 
                       

 

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    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
Loss from continuing operations
    (444,127 )     (25,691,451 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense (including gain on disposal of RMB 2,649,682 in 2006)
    1,226,768       112,260              
Income tax expense of discontinued operations
    24,302       8,420              
 
                       
Total income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    1,202,466       103,840              
 
                       
Net income/(loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    758,339       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    282,072                    
 
                       
Net income/(loss)
    1,040,411       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
 
                       
2008 Compared to 2007
Revenues. The following table sets forth certain information relating to our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008.
                                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2007     2008        
            % of                     % of     %  
    RMB     revenues     RMB     US$     revenues     growth  
    (in thousands, except percentage data)  
Revenues
                                               
 
                                               
Hotel commissions
    240,803       76 %     253,458       37,150       73 %     5 %
Air ticketing commissions
    57,456       18 %     77,205       11,316       22 %     34 %
Other travel revenue
    5,588       2 %     1,284       189       0 %     -77 %
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total travel revenue
    303,847       96 %     331,947       48,655       95 %     9 %
Non travel
    11,550       4 %     16,479       2,415       5 %     43 %
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total revenues
    315,397       100 %     348,426       51,070       100 %     10 %
 
                                   

 

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The following table sets forth the number of room nights booked and the average commission per room night, as well as the number of air tickets sold, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008.
                         
    Year ended December 31,  
                    %  
    2007     2008     growth  
Number of room nights booked
    3,711,000       3,945,000       6 %
Average commission per room night (RMB)
    65       64       -1 %
Number of air tickets sold
    1,416,000       1,788,000       26 %
Average commission per air ticket (RMB)
    41       43       5 %
For the year ended December 31, 2008, we generated gross revenues of RMB348.4 million (US$51.1 million), an increase of 10% over RMB315.4 million in revenues generated in the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to a 9% year on year increase in our travel revenue. Our travel revenue consists of hotel, air and other travel, and the changes in each category in 2008 are discussed below.
Hotel. The increase in our hotel reservations revenues from RMB240.8 million in 2007 to RMB253.5 million (US$37.2 million) in 2008, a year on year growth of 5% reflects an increase in the number of hotel room nights we booked from 3,711,000 in 2007 to 3,945,000 in 2008 and a decrease in commission per room night to RMB64, down RMB1 from 2007. The increase in the number of hotel room nights was due to our increased customer base, which includes both old and new customers as well as increases in revenue from our third party distribution channels including China Telecom and China Netcom. We also increased our hotel product offerings from approximately 4,800 hotels as of December 31, 2007 to over 7,000 hotels as of December 31, 2008.
Air ticketing. The increase in our air ticketing commission revenues from RMB57.5 million in 2007 to RMB77.2 million (US$11.3 million) in 2008, a year on year growth of 34%, was mainly attributable to an increase in the number of air tickets booked which increased from 1,416,000 in 2007 to more than 1,788,000 in 2008, and an increase in revenue per ticket from RMB41 in 2007 to RMB43 (US$6.3) in 2008. The 2008 growth was the result of continuing investment in technology to improve our call center and customer service.
Other revenues. Our other travel revenues decreased from RMB5.6 million in 2007 to RMB1.3 million in 2008 (US$0.19 million) mainly due to the suspension of our vacation package business in July 2007 and the termination of our contract with Travelscape in March 2008. Our non travel service revenues increased from RMB11.6 million in 2007 to RMB16.5 million (US$2.4 million) in 2008 mainly due to an increase in internet advertising revenue of our subsidiary, Beijing Xici.
Business tax and surcharges. We recorded more business taxes and surcharges in 2008 compared to 2007 due to increases in our revenues. Business tax was 5.6% of total revenue in 2007 and increased to 6.1% in 2008, primarily due to the increase of internal revenues arising from transfer pricing between eLong Information and Beijing Air.
Cost of services and gross profit. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, our cost of services was 28% and 30% of our total net revenues, respectively. The two percent reduction in our gross margin from 72% in 2007 to 70% in 2008 was primarily due to our air ticketing business, which has a lower gross margin than our hotel business, accounting for a larger percentage of our revenue in 2008 as compared to 2007.
Operating expenses. The following table sets forth a breakdown of our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008.

 

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    Year ended December 31,  
    2007     2008        
            % of net                     % of net     %  
    RMB     revenues     RMB     US$     revenues     growth  
    (in thousands, except for percentage data)  
Operating expenses
                                               
 
                                               
Service development
    48,602       16 %     52,584       7,707       16 %     8 %
Sales and marketing
    126,971       43 %     163,528       23,969       50 %     29 %
General and administrative
    52,006       18 %     53,653       7,864       16 %     3 %
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,060             849       124             -20 %
Write-down of property and equipment and intangible assets
    1,039             1,385       203       1 %     33 %
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total operating expenses
    229,678       77 %     271,999       39,867       83 %     18 %
 
                                   
Our operating expenses in 2008 increased by 18% to RMB272.0 million (US$39.9 million) from RMB229.7 million in 2007 primarily for the reasons discussed below.
Service development. Our service development expenses primarily consist of expenses we incur to develop our transaction and service platform, to maintain, monitor and manage our websites and payroll and other expenses for our hotel and air product employees. Our service development expenses increased 8% to RMB52.6 million (US$7.7 million) in 2008 from RMB48.6 million in 2007 primarily due to additional amounts we invested in our technology, website, hotel, and air product offerings. Our service development expenses were 16% of net revenues in both 2007 and 2008.
Sales and marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses include online and offline advertising expenses, commissions payable to our third party distribution channels and resellers, expenses associated with our loyalty program, and payroll and other expenses for our marketing employees. In 2008, our sales and marketing expenses increased 29% to RMB163.5 million (US$24.0 million) from RMB127.0 million in 2007, which was mainly due to the increased sales commissions in line with growth in third party distribution channels including China Telecom and China Netcom and increased online marketing efforts as compared to 2007. Our sales and marketing expenses were 50% of net revenues in 2008 as compared to 43% in 2007.
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses primarily include finance, legal, human resources, auditing and executive office expenses. Our general and administrative expenses increased 3% to RMB53.7 million (US$7.9 million) in 2008 from RMB52.0 million in 2007 which was primarily due to increased employee compensation and system development costs, partially offset by decreased external consulting fees. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased to 16% compared to 18% for the year ended December 31, 2007, primarily due to increased revenues.
Other income (loss), net. We recorded net other loss of RMB31.9 million (US$4.7 million) in 2008 compared to net other loss of RMB10.2 million in 2007. The net other loss in 2008 was primarily due to a foreign exchange loss of RMB60.9 million (US$8.9 million) resulting from the appreciation of the Renminbi during 2008, partially offset by interest income of RMB29.0 million (US$4.3 million) in 2008.

 

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Income tax expense. We incurred a tax expense of RMB3.0 million (US$0.4 million) in 2008, compared to a tax expense of RMB0.9 million in 2007. The increase in income tax expense in 2008 compared to 2007 is mainly due to provision of a valuation allowance for eLong Information.
Net loss. Net loss increased to RMB76.6 million (US$11.2 million) in 2008 from a net loss of RMB25.6 million in 2007, as a result of the factors discussed above. We recorded a net loss applicable to ordinary shareholders of RMB76.6 million (US$11.2 million) for the year ended December 31, 2008 and a net loss applicable to ordinary shareholders of RMB25.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.
2007 Compared to 2006
Revenues. The following table sets forth certain information relating to our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007.
                                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007        
            % of                     % of     %  
    RMB     revenues     RMB     US$     revenues     growth  
    (in thousands, except percentage data)  
Revenues
                                               
 
                                               
Hotel commissions
    209,275       79 %     240,803       33,011       76 %     15 %
Air ticketing commissions
    38,288       15 %     57,456       7,877       18 %     50 %
Other travel revenue
    8,398       3 %     5,588       766       2 %     -33 %
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total travel revenue
    255,961       97 %     303,847       41,654       96 %     19 %
Non travel
    8,583       3 %     11,550       1,583       4 %     35 %
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total revenues
    264,544       100 %     315,397       43,237       100 %     19 %
 
                                   
The following table sets forth the number of room nights booked and the average commission per room night, as well as the number of air tickets sold, for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007.
                         
    Year ended December 31,  
                    %  
    2006     2007     growth  
Number of room nights booked
    3,251,000       3,711,000       14 %
Average commission per room night (RMB)
    64       65       2 %
Number of air tickets sold
    1,006,000       1,416,000       41 %
Average commission per air ticket (RMB)
    38       41       8 %
For the year ended December 31, 2007, we generated revenues of RMB315.4 million (US$43.2 million), an increase of 19% over RMB264.5 million in revenues generated in the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was attributable to a 19% year on year increase in our travel revenue and 35% year on year increase in our non travel revenue.

 

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The 2006 to 2007 year on year changes in our travel revenue which consists of hotel, air and other travel are explained below.
The increase in our hotel reservations revenues from RMB209.3 million in 2006 to RMB240.8 million (US$33.0 million) in 2007, a year on year growth of 15% reflects an increase in the number of hotel room nights we booked from 3,251,000 in 2006 to 3,711,000 in 2007 and an improvement in the revenue per room from RMB64 in 2006 to RMB65 (US$8.9) in 2007. The increase in the number of hotel room nights was due to eLong’s enlarged customer base, which includes both old and new customers, increases in revenue from our co-marketing partners including China Telecom and China Netcom. We also increased our product offerings from approximately 3,505 hotels at December 31, 2006 to over 4,800 hotels at December 31, 2007. Our revenue per room increased from RMB64 in 2006 to RMB65 (US$8.9) in 2007, a year on year growth of 2%.
Air ticketing. The increases in our air ticketing commission revenues from RMB38.3 million in 2006 to RMB57.5 million (US$7.9 million) in 2007, a year on year growth of 50%, was mainly attributable to an increase in the number of air tickets booked which increased from 1,006,000 in 2006 to more than 1,416,000 in 2007, and an increase in revenue per ticket from RMB38 in 2006 to RMB41 (US$5.6) in 2007. Air ticketing continued to be an important focus for eLong in 2007 and the 2007 growth was the result of continuing investment in technology and improvement in call center and customer service including the launch of a 24-hour air ticket booking service during 2007.
Other revenues. Our other travel revenues decreased from RMB8.4 million in 2006 to RMB5.6 million in 2007 (US$0.8 million) mainly due to our suspension of the vacation package business in July 2007. Our non travel services revenues increased from RMB8.6 million in 2006 to RMB11.6 million (US$1.6 million) in 2007 mainly due to an increase in the internet advertising revenue.
Business tax and surcharges. We recorded more business taxes and surcharges in 2007 compared to 2006 due to increases in our revenues. Business tax was 5.6% of total revenue in both years of 2006 and 2007.
Cost of services and gross profit. For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, our cost of services as a percentage of revenue was 25% and 28% of our total net revenues respectively. The three percent reduction in our gross margin from 75% in 2006 to 72% in 2007 was primarily due to increased investments in our hotel and air call center to improve our service level and because our air ticketing services, which have a lower gross margin than our hotel business, accounted for a larger percentage of our revenue in 2007 as compared to 2006.
Operating expenses. The following table sets forth a breakdown of our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007.

 

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    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007        
            % of net                     % of net     %  
    RMB     revenues     RMB     US$     revenues     growth  
    (in thousands, except for percentage data)  
Operating expenses
                                               
 
                                               
Service development
    41,922       17 %     48,602       6,663       16 %     16 %
Sales and marketing
    99,091       40 %     126,971       17,406       43 %     28 %
General and administrative
    61,535       25 %     52,006       7,130       18 %     -15 %
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,060             1,060       145              
Write-down of property and equipment and intangible assets
                1,039       142             N/A  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Total operating expenses
    203,608       82 %     229,678       31,486       77 %     13 %
Our operating expenses in 2007 increased by 13% to RMB229.7 million (US$31.5 million) from RMB203.6 million in 2006 for the reasons explained below.
Service development. Our service development expenses primarily consist of expenses we incur to develop our transaction and service platform, expenses to maintain, monitor and manage our websites and our hotel, vacation package and air product teams. Our service development expenses increased 16% to RMB48.6 million (US$6.7 million) in 2007 from RMB41.9 million in 2006 primarily due to additional amounts we invested in our technology, website, hotel, and air product offerings. Our service development expenses were 16% of net revenues in 2007 as compared to 17% in 2006.
Sales and marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses include advertising expenses, commissions payable to our co-marketers and resellers, expenses associated with the production of marketing materials and our loyalty program, and the payroll and other expenses for our marketing personnel. In 2007, our sales and marketing expenses increased 28% to RMB 127.0 million (US$17.4 million) from RMB99.1 million in 2006 which was mainly due to the increase in our business volume, as our 2007 revenue increased 19% from 2006. Our sales and marketing expenses increased for the year ended 2007 because of increased sales commission in line with revenue growth, and increased online marketing efforts as compared to previous years. Our sales and marketing expenses were 43% of net revenues in 2007 as compared to 40% in 2006.
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses primarily include finance, legal, human resources, auditing and executive office expenses. Our general and administrative expenses decreased 15% to RMB52.0 million (US$7.1 million) in 2007 from RMB61.5 million in 2006 primarily because of decrease in incentive and share-based compensation. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased to 18% compared to 25% for the year ended December 31, 2006, primarily because of increased revenues and decreased share-based compensation expense.
Other income (expense), net. We recorded net other expense of RMB10.2 million (US$1.4 million) in 2007 compared to net other income of RMB18.4 million in 2006. The net other expense in 2007 was primarily due to a foreign exchange loss of RMB65.8 million (US$9.0 million) resulting from the appreciation of the Renminbi during the year. This exchange loss was partially offset by interest income of RMB55.5 million (US$7.6 million) for fiscal 2007.

 

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Income tax expense. We incurred a tax expense of RMB0.9 million (US$0.1 million) in 2007, compared to a tax expense of RMB2.8 million in 2006. The fluctuation in income tax expense from 2006 to 2007 is mainly because during 2006, the utilization of pre-acquisition net operation loss resulted in more income tax expenses while during 2007 a significant portion of our net loss is related to foreign exchange loss which is recorded in eLong, Inc., which is exempted from income tax.
Net loss. Net loss increased to RMB25.6 million (US$3.5 million) in 2007 from RMB1.0 million net earnings in 2006, as a result of the factors discussed above. We recorded a net loss applicable to ordinary shareholders of RMB25.6 million (US$3.5 million) for the year ended December 31, 2007 and a net profit applicable to ordinary shareholders of RMB1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately RMB321.5 million (US$47.1 million) in cash and cash equivalents and RMB635.8 million (US$93.2 million) of short-term investments. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions. Our short-term investments are time deposits of six or nine months in commercial banks located outside of China.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated.
                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
    (in thousands)  
Net cash provided by (used in)operating activities
    76,554       42,349       (14,076 )     (2,063 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    72,985       (43,638 )     (641,501 )     (94,027 )
 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    95,140       7,355       (98,331 )     (14,413 )
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash
    (33,917 )     (66,943 )     (62,997 )     (9,234 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    210,763       (60,876 )     (816,905 )     (119,737 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    988,560       1,199,323       1,138,446       166,867  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
    1,199,323       1,138,447       321,541       47,130  
 
                       
Operating activities. Net cash used in operating activities in 2008 was RMB14.1 million (US$2.1 million), compared to net cash provided by operating activities in 2007 and 2006 of RMB42.3 million and RMB76.6 million, respectively. The change from cash inflow in 2007 to cash outflow in 2008 was mainly due to increased spending on personnel due to increased headcount and labor costs of RMB128.9 million (US$18.9 million) in 2008 compared to RMB116.7 million in 2007, as well as higher advertising and promotion expenses of RMB125.4 million (US$18.4 million) in 2008 compared to RMB89.0 million in 2007. The level of cash generated by operating activities was lower in 2007 than in 2006 mainly due to increased spending on personnel due to increased headcount and higher labor costs and consulting services of RMB136 million in 2007 compared to RMB108.7 million in 2006 and income tax payments of RMB14.2 million mainly for income tax imposed on gain from disposal of a business in 2007.

 

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Investing activities. Our net cash used in investing activities was RMB641.5 million (US$94.0 million) in 2008, compared to RMB43.6 million in 2007 and RMB73.0 million in 2006. The level of cash used in investing activities was significantly higher in 2008 than in 2007 primarily due to short-term investments of RMB655.0 million (US$96.0 million) and capital expenditures of RMB32.9 million (US$4.8 million). The change from cash inflow in 2006 to cash outflow in 2007 was mainly due to RMB102.6 million cash received in proceeds from disposal of business in 2006 and the cash used in 2007 was mainly for short-term investment of RMB19.1 million and capital expenditure of RMB22.2 million.
Financing activities. Our net cash used in financing activities was RMB98.3million (US$14.4 million) in 2008, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of RMB7.4 million and RMB95.1 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The net cash used in financing activities in 2008 was mainly from our repurchase of ordinary shares of US$15.0 million. The net cash from financing activities in 2007 was mainly from the exercise of stock options of RMB3.1 million and the proceeds received on behalf of related parties of RMB4.8 million (US$0.7 million). The higher amount of restricted cash from financing activities in 2006 was due to cash released from escrow of RMB75.7 million (including RMB25.9 million received on behalf of selling shareholders). In 2006, we also received RMB26.7 million in share disposal proceeds on behalf of former shareholders, which were associated with the sale of ordinary shares by the selling shareholders to the public in our initial public offering.
Our capital expenditures totaled RMB20.7 million, RMB22.2 million and RMB32.9 million (US$4.8 million) in 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively. Our capital expenditures in 2008 related primarily to purchases of software, computer equipment, servers and computer software to support the development of our business. Capital expenditures in 2009 have been, and are expected to continue to be, funded through operating cash flows and through our existing capital resources.
Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2008, our primary sources of liquidity were RMB321.5 million (US$47.1 million) in cash and cash equivalents and RMB635.8 million (US$93.2 million) of short-term investments. We have no outstanding bank loans or financial guarantees or similar commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of third parties. We believe that our available cash and anticipated future operating cash flows will be sufficient to fund currently anticipated liquidity needs in the near term. However, any projections of future cash inflows and outflows and any projections of the future state of the economy and PRC travel industry conditions are subject to substantial uncertainty. See “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors.”
TREND INFORMATION
Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, as of April 30, 2009, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our net revenues, income from continuing operations, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial condition.

 

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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangements, transactions or other relationships with unconsolidated entities. We do not have any outstanding derivative financial instruments, off-balance sheet guarantees or arrangements, interest rate swap transactions or foreign currency forward contracts. We do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table presents our aggregate contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008 with payments due in the periods indicated and in the currency indicated:
                                         
                                    More than  
    Total Payments due   Less than 1 year   1-3 Years   3-5 Years     5 years  
Operating Lease Obligations(1)
  RMB41.7 million   RMB11.7 million   RMB30.0 million            
Purchase Obligations(2)
  RMB1.5 million   RMB1.2 million   RMB0.3 million            
Total
  RMB43.2 million   RMB12.9 million   RMB30.3 million            
 
     
(1)   Includes future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases, including lease payments on our branch offices, with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2008. In November 2008, we renewed leases for 10,089 square meters of office space in Beijing for our headquarters. The annual payment under the lease is RMB9.9 million (US$1.5 million). For branches, our lease contract terms vary from one to three years, and the total leased space under the agreements is 3,407 square meters of office space. The annual payment under the leases is RMB2.4 million (US$0.4 million).
 
(2)   We have outstanding purchase obligations totaling RMB1.5 million, which are primarily related to contracts for provision of services at airports and railway stations. We accrue the amount once the services are rendered by our service providers. The above table indicates our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008, the actual payment amounts may differ as agreements are renegotiated, cancelled or terminated.
INFLATION AND MONETARY RISK
Inflation in China has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change in Consumer Price Index in China was 1.5%, 4.8 % and 5.9% in 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. The rate of inflation in China was markedly higher in late 2007 and the first two quarters of 2008 than in recent preceding years, but then declined in the latter half of 2008 and early 2009. The scope and extent of inflation could adversely affect the Chinese economy, business and personal travel and our results of operations. See “Item 3. Key information on the Company—Risk Factors—Risk related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China—A slow-down of, or increased volatility in, economic growth in China may adversely affect our growth and profitability.”
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Due to our U.S. dollar and Renminbi cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, we face interest rate risk and foreign exchange rate risk.

 

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Interest rate risk. Our exposure to interest rate risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to the interest income generated by our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments deposited in banks. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions. Short-term investments are time deposits of six or nine months in commercial banks located outside of China.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and other receivables represent our principal exposure to credit risk in relation to our financial assets. As of December 31, 2008, substantially all of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held with major international banks which we believe are of acceptable credit quality.
We have not used any derivative financial instruments to hedge interest rate risk. We have not been exposed nor do we anticipate being exposed to material risks due to changes in interest rates, although our future interest income may fluctuate in line with changes in interest rates. The risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is principally confined to our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments which are deposited in banks.
During 2008, we recorded interest income of RMB29.0 million (US$4.3 million). The following table sets forth a sensitivity analysis suggesting how this interest income would have been impacted if interest rates were: (i) 10% lower, (ii) 5% lower, (iii) actual, (iv) 5% higher and (v)10% higher.
                                         
    2008     2008     2008     2008     2008  
    (-10%)     (-5%)     Actual     (5%)     (10%)  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB  
    (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)  
Interest Income In 2008 Full Year
    26,118       27,569       29,020       30,471       31,922  
 
                             
Foreign exchange risk. Substantially all of our revenue-generating operations are transacted in Renminbi, which is not fully convertible into foreign currencies. In addition, a substantial majority of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are held in U.S. dollars outside of China. Accordingly, fluctuation in the U.S. dollar / Renminbi exchange rate may have a significant on our financial results. As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately RMB321.5 million (US$47.1 million) in cash and cash equivalents and RMB635.8 million (US$93.2 million) of short-term investments. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 53%, of our cash and cash equivalents were denominated in U.S. dollars, and 47% were denominated in Renminbi. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 97%, of our short-term investments were denominated in U.S. dollars, and 3% were denominated in Renminbi.
We have not used any forward contracts or currency borrowings to hedge our exposure to foreign currency risk. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded RMB61.1 million (US$9.0 million) in foreign exchange losses due to the appreciation of the Renminbi against the United States dollar. During 2008, the value of the Renminbi appreciated 6.47% against the U.S. dollar. The following table sets forth a sensitivity analysis suggesting how this gain/loss would have been impacted if the exchange rate of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar had (i) appreciated by 5%, (ii) appreciated by 10%, (iii) remained unchanged, (iv) depreciated by 5% and (v) depreciated by 10%.

 

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    2008     2008 Actual     2008     2008     2008     2008  
    (-10%)     (-6.47%)     (-5%)     0%     5%     10%  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB  
    (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)  
Foreign Exchange Gain/(Loss) In 2008 Full Year
    (94,185 )     (60,938 )     (47,093 )     0       47,093       94,185  
 
                                   
If the Renminbi continues to appreciate we will continue to record foreign exchange losses on United States dollar denominated assets and these losses are likely to be material. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China—Fluctuation of the Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our financial results and the value of our company and ADSs.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 141R (Revised), Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R establishes requirements for the recognition and measurement of acquired assets, liabilities, goodwill, and non-controlling interests (formerly minority interests). SFAS No. 141R also provides disclosure requirements related to business combinations. SFAS No. 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. SFAS No. 141R will be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period on or after December 15, 2008. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS 141R on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements— an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 amends ARB No. 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. This Statement is effective for fiscal years and interim periods, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We believe there will be no material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of SFAS No. 160.
In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB 110”). SAB 110 states that the staff will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) beyond December 31, 2007. Therefore, we continue to use the simplified method for estimating the expected term.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”), which is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities, including how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 161 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

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In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS No. 142”). The intent of FSP FAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141(R) and other applicable accounting literature. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 142-3 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 162 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees.
Directors and Senior Management
Our board of directors currently consists of nine directors. Pursuant to our articles of association, the members of our board of directors were elected by our shareholders or appointed by our board of directors. Our shareholders, including holders of ordinary shares and high-vote ordinary shares, are entitled to vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholder vote, including the election of the members of our board of directors. Each ordinary share is entitled to one vote, and each high-vote ordinary share is entitled to 15 votes.
Expedia, through its indirect subsidiary, Expedia Asia Pacific, holds all 28,550,704 high-vote ordinary shares, and thus controls approximately 96% of the voting power of all shares of our voting stock. In addition, certain other shareholders are parties to an investors agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific under which they have agreed to vote their ordinary shares in the election of directors designated by Expedia Asia Pacific. Thus, Expedia has the ability to control the composition of our board of directors, including the ability to nominate new or replacement directors, to vote the Expedia Asia Pacific shares to elect such nominees, as well as the right to vote the Expedia Asia Pacific shares to remove members of our board of directors. See “Item 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
Each member of our board of directors is elected or appointed by our board of directors to hold office until the next annual general meeting of shareholders, until such director’s successor is elected and duly qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, bankruptcy, insanity, resignation or removal. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers named below. Our senior executive officers report to our CEO and serve at the discretion of our board of directors.

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The names of our directors and executive officers, their ages and the principal positions with eLong held by each of them are as follows:
             
Name   Age     Position
Guangfu Cui
    40     Chief Executive Officer
Mike Doyle
    39     Chief Financial Officer
Sami Farhad
    36     Vice President & General Counsel
James Li
    36     Vice President of Sales
Kenneth Liao
    47     Vice President & Chief Technology Officer
Jack Wang
    36     Vice President of Partner Service Group
Jason Xie
    33     Vice President of Business Development
Yu Zheng
    35     Vice President of Marketing & Operations
             
Name   Age     Position
Henrik Kjellberg(1)(3)
    38     Chairman of the Board of Directors
Leo Austin(2)
    37     Director
Thomas Gurnee(2)(3)
    58     Director
Arthur Hoffman(1)
    40     Director
Jens Parkitny(1) (3)
    43     Director
Cyril Ranque(1)
    40     Director
Michael Scown(2)
    50     Director
Johan Svanstrom(1)
    37     Director
Justin Tang
    38     Director
 
     
(1)   Nominated by Expedia Asia Pacific. Mr. Kjellberg is the chairman of the board of directors.
 
(2)   Member of the audit committee of our board of directors. Mr. Gurnee is the chairman of the audit committee.
 
(3)   Member of the compensation committee of our board of directors. Mr. Kjellberg is chairman of the compensation committee.
Biographical Information
Executive Officers and Directors
Guangfu Cui, Chief Executive Officer
Guangfu Cui has served as our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) since October 8, 2007. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Cui was the Managing Director for FedEx Kinko’s China. During his four years at FedEx Kinko’s, Mr. Cui positioned the company as a market leader in the digital printing industry in China, with 16 centers and 300 employees. Prior to FedEx Kinko’s, Mr. Cui worked for Procter & Gamble for over 12 years, including two and half years working in the United States. He was instrumental in building Procter & Gamble’s China distribution network and retail coverage systems. Mr. Cui holds an MBA from Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and a BA in Law from Peking University.

 

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Mike Doyle, Chief Financial Officer
Mike Doyle has served as our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) since April 1, 2009, and was a member of our board of directors from December 2004 to May 2009. Prior to becoming our CFO, Mr. Doyle was the Chief Financial Officer of Expedia Asia Pacific, a division of Expedia, based in Hong Kong. Previously, Mr. Doyle also served as corporate development director responsible for Expedia’s investment activities in Asia. Prior to Expedia, Mr. Doyle worked as Chief Financial Officer of Teledesic, a Seattle-based broadband communications company founded by Craig McCaw and Bill Gates. Mr. Doyle started his career as an investment banker at Morgan Stanley & Company in New York and Singapore. While in Singapore, he also worked for the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation, making private equity investments in Southeast Asia. Mr. Doyle holds a BA in Finance from Southern Methodist University and an MBA from Harvard Business School.
Sami Farhad, Vice President & General Counsel
Sami Farhad has served as our Vice President and General Counsel since June 1, 2008, and was appointed to the additional role of Vice President of Human Resources on October 20, 2008. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Farhad was legal counsel to GE Healthcare China. Before joining GE, Mr. Farhad was an associate in the New York, Beijing and Hong Kong offices of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP. He was also previously a law clerk to Judge Jerry Buchmeyer of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas. Mr. Farhad holds a JD from Columbia University School of Law and a BA from Harvard University. He is a member of the State Bar of New York.
James Li, Vice President of Sales
James Li has served as our Vice President of Sales since January 1, 2008. Mr. Li joined eLong as Senior Sales Director for the North Division in March 2007 and was later promoted to Vice President of Sales due to his leadership and contributions to eLong. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Li served as a sales leader in multinational companies including Procter & Gamble, Motorola and PepsiCo, and has significant sales management experience. Mr. Li graduated from Harbin Institute of Technology with a BA in Marketing.
Kenneth Liao, Vice President & Chief Technology Officer
Kenneth Liao has served as our Chief Technology Officer (“CTO”) since October 7, 2007. Mr. Liao has held technology management positions in several leading U.S. technology companies. He came to eLong from Cisco Systems, Inc., where he served in various technology leadership roles for 10 years, including as the Director of Engineering for the Security Technology Group. In this role he oversaw a global team of more than 120 employees. Prior to Cisco, Mr. Liao managed technology teams at Bay Networks, IBM, and Digital Transparencies. Mr. Liao holds a Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering from Rice University, a Master’s degree in Mathematics from the University of Houston and a BS degree in Computer Science from Zhongshan University.
Jack Wang, Vice President of Partner Service Group
Jack Wang has served as Vice President of our Partner Service Group since December 2007. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Wang worked for Proctor & Gamble for almost 10 years. Mr. Wang has significant experience in customer business development and trade marketing. Mr. Wang holds a dual-concentration BA in fluid mechanics and journalism from Tsinghua University.
Jason Xie, Vice President of Business Development
Jason Xie has served as our Vice President of Sales & Business Development since January 1, 2008. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Xie had several years of sales and management experience in multinational companies including Procter & Gamble, Citibank and FedEx. Mr. Xie received his MBA from China Europe International Business School and a BA in Economics from Nanjing University.

 

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Yu Zheng, Vice President of Marketing & Operations
Yu Zheng has served as Vice President of Marketing since February 25, 2008 and was appointed to the additional role of Vice President of Operations on March 1, 2009. Prior to joining eLong, Mr. Zheng was the Acting Vice President of Marketing of Nippon Paint (China) Co. Ltd. Prior to that, he worked with Coca-cola as Beverage Partner Worldwide China Director, and with Proctor & Gamble as Associate Marketing Director for Greater China Oral Care. Mr. Zheng has more than 10 years of experience in marketing, brand management and general management. He successfully launched and built the Pampers disposable diaper brand to be a market leader in China. He also led Crest to become the No.1 toothpaste brand in China. Mr. Zheng Yu holds a Master’s Degree in Biochemical Engineering from Zhejiang University.
Henrik Kjellberg, Chairman of the Board of Directors
Henrik Kjellberg has been Chairman of the board of directors since March 2007, a member of our board of directors since October 2005, and was our Interim CEO for a portion of 2007. Mr. Kjellberg is also President of Expedia Affiliate Network (“EAN”), a division of Expedia. Prior to assuming his responsibilities at EAN, Mr. Kjellberg was President of Expedia Asia Pacific, and was also formerly Expedia’s Senior Vice President of international lodging and destination services as well as Vice President and Managing Director, Supply Europe. Prior to joining Expedia, Mr. Kjellberg worked for Procter & Gamble and Scandinavian Internet portal Spray. Mr. Kjellberg holds a Master’s of Science in economics from the Stockholm School of Economics.
Leo Austin, Director
Leo Austin has been a member of our board of directors and our Audit Committee since December 2007. Mr. Austin is a Partner with Augus Partners, a Beijing-based corporate advisory firm, and focuses on the mainland China travel, consumer goods and infrastructure industries. He has lived and worked in China for twelve years. Prior to consulting, Mr. Austin was a Principal with Incubasia Inc, a venture capital firm based in Hong Kong and also served as COO of enAbilis, a travel industry wholesale platform. Mr. Austin started his China career as Senior Product Manager with Bass PLC in Beijing and Jilin. Prior to coming to China, he was an Associate Consultant with LEK Consulting in London. He speaks, reads and writes Mandarin Chinese and has a Master’s degree in Modern History and Economics from Oxford University.
Thomas Gurnee, Director
Thomas Gurnee has served as a member of our board of directors since November 2, 2004. Mr. Gurnee is Chief Financial Officer of Xinyuan Real Estate (NYSE: Xin), a US-listed real estate company. Previously he was Chief Financial Officer of GEM Services, Inc., a privately held semiconductor manufacturer. His other prior positions include President and Chief Operating Officer of GlobiTech Inc. and Chief Financial Officer of Sohu.com Inc. Prior to joining Sohu, Mr. Gurnee held a number of senior positions with Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd., including Vice President for Business Development, President (North America), Chief Operating Officer (Singapore) and Chief Financial Officer (Singapore). Previously, Mr. Gurnee spent 13 years at Schlumberger Ltd. as finance director of various divisions in France, Singapore and the United States. From November 2000 until June 2006, Mr. Gurnee was a member of the Sohu Board of Directors. He is currently a member of the Board of Directors of Longtop Financial Technologies (NYSE: LFT) and Xinyuan Real Estate. Mr. Gurnee received a BA degree from Stanford University and an MBA degree from the University of Santa Clara.

 

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Arthur Hoffman, Director
Arthur Hoffman has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2004. Mr. Hoffman is Managing Director of Expedia Asia Pacific and joined Expedia in December 2004 with responsibility to expand Expedia’s international presence. Prior to joining Expedia, Mr. Hoffman worked for Qantas Airways for three years as the General Manager for Strategy, e-Commerce and Technology for Qantas Holidays. Previously, Mr. Hoffman worked for six years as a strategy consultant for Booz Allen & Hamilton and Arthur Andersen in the APAC region and Europe. Mr. Hoffman also served as a conscript officer in the Royal Dutch Navy and worked for one year for the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs. Mr. Hoffman holds an MA in Science from the University of Utrecht (Netherlands) and an MBA from INSEAD.
Jens Parkitny, Director
Jens Parkitny has been a member of our board of directors since May 13, 2009. Mr. Parkitny is Managing Director (Asia Pacific) of the Expedia Affiliate Network, responsible for all white label and co-branded affiliate partnerships in the Asia Pacific region. Prior to this role, Mr. Parkitny was Vice President & Managing Director of Expedia.com for Germany and Austria for two years, and previously held other senior roles at Expedia in Germany, including Manager of Product & Business Development, Site & Content Manager and Senior Producer (Travel). He also previously worked in journalism and publishing, among others as a deputy editor for the German publishing group Jaeger Verlag. Mr. Parkitny holds a degree in Business Administration, Travel and Transport Management from the Technical University of Rhineland-Palatinate.
Cyril Ranque, Director
Cyril Ranque has been a member of our board of directors since December 22, 2008. Mr. Ranque is Vice President, Partner Services Group Asia Pacific of Expedia. In this position, Mr. Ranque oversees Expedia’s relationships with airline, lodging and rental car supply partners across the Asia Pacific region. Prior to joining Expedia in 2006, Mr. Ranque was Vice President of Marketing & Distribution for Louvre Hotels, a leading European hotel group. He was also previously a Director in charge of the French Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Practice at AT Kearney, and a CRM consultant at Accenture. Prior to Accenture, Mr. Ranque was a financial analyst with Morgan Stanley in London, and also worked at LVMH in Tokyo. Mr. Ranque holds a Master’s degree from Essec Graduate School of Business in Paris.
Michael Scown, Director
Michael Scown has been a member of our board of directors and our Audit Committee since December 2007. Mr. Scown is the Asia Managing Director, Treasury, for Intel Capital. From 1999 to 2006 he served as Intel Capital’s Asia Regional Counsel. Before joining Intel he practiced law for 10 years as an associate and partner with Russin & Vecchi in the firm’s San Francisco and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam offices where he was a founder and Chairman of the Board of Governors of the American Chamber of Commerce and also worked in hotel development as Asia Assistant Regional Counsel for Marriott International, Inc. Prior to commencing his legal practice, Mr. Scown served as a Foreign Service Officer with the U.S. Department of State. He holds a BA from U.C. Berkeley, a JD from the University of San Francisco School of Law and is a member of the State Bar of California.

 

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Johan Svanstrom, Director
Johan Svanstrom has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2006. Mr. Svanstrom is Managing Director (Asia Pacific) of Hotels.com, a division of Expedia, in which role he is responsible for building the Hotels.com business across the Asia Pacific region. Prior to joining Expedia, Mr. Svanstrom was in charge of the Digital Innovations Group at McDonald’s Corporation for three years. Prior to that, Mr. Svanstrom was CEO of Freefund NV, a company providing online grant search capabilities for university students in four different European countries. From 1999 to 2002 Mr. Svanstrom served as Vice President of Business Development at Glocalnet AB, a voice-over-IP telecom company, which he helped take public and which is listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Mr. Svanstrom holds a Master’s of Science in economics from the Stockholm School of Economics.
Justin Tang, Director
Justin Tang is a co-founder of eLong, and, from 2001 to 2006, served as our Chairman and CEO as well as in similar key executive positions at eLong’s predecessor company from 1999 to 2001. Mr. Tang is also a co-founder of Blue Ridge China, a private equity fund formed in 2006 that invests in companies in China. Prior to founding eLong, Mr. Tang held various positions in the financial services industry in the United States from 1993 to 1999. Mr. Tang studied at Nanjing University in China and holds a Bachelors’s degree from Concordia College in the United States.
Board Practices
For information regarding the terms of our current directors and the period during which our officers and directors have served in their respective positions please see “Directors, Executive Officers and Senior Management” above.
Between January 1, 2008 and April 30, 2009, other than as discussed below with respect to our former director, Mr. Barney Harford, (see “Compensation of Executive Officers and Directors”) and the employment agreement we entered into with Mike Doyle when he became our CFO (see “Employment Agreements with Executive Officers”), we have not entered into any service contracts or other arrangements providing for benefits upon termination with our directors, provided, however, that generally any non-vested options or performance units granted to our directors shall vest in full in the event that Expedia effects a going private transaction of us and, provided further, that upon a termination during the one-year period following a change in control, such directors incur a termination other than by reason of death, disability or cause, the directors are entitled to an additional 12 months of vesting on their unvested options.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Audit Committee
The audit committee of our board of directors currently consists of Thomas Gurnee (who serves as chairman), Leo Austin and Michael Scown. Mr. Austin and Mr. Scown joined the audit committee on December 18, 2007. Our board of directors has determined that all of our audit committee members are “independent” under NASDAQ’s Listing Rules and Section 10A(m) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Mr. Gurnee is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 16A of the Instructions to Form 20-F and that Mr. Austin and Mr. Scown each has the requisite financial knowledge and experience to be qualified to serve as a member of our audit committee.

 

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Our board of directors has adopted a written audit committee charter pursuant to which the audit committee is responsible for the appointment of our independent public accountants and reports to our board of directors regarding the scope and results of our annual audits, compliance with our accounting and financial policies and management’s procedures and policies concerning the adequacy of our internal accounting controls.
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee of our board of directors reviews and makes recommendations to our full board of directors regarding compensation policies and all forms of compensation to be provided to our executive officers and directors. In addition, the compensation committee approves bonus and, subject to the requirement that there be at least two Expedia designees on the compensation committee, stock compensation arrangements for all of our employees.
The compensation committee currently consists of Henrik Kjellberg (who serves as chairman), Thomas Gurnee and Jens Parkitny. Mr. Kjellberg and Mr. Parkitny were appointed by Expedia under an investors agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific and certain other shareholders dated July 23, 2004. Under the investors agreement, Expedia has the right to appoint two directors to the compensation committee, and the compensation committee does not have the authority to approve the issuance of stock options unless two directors nominated by Expedia are on the compensation committee.
Duties of Directors
Under Cayman Islands law, each of our directors has a duty of loyalty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to the best interests of our company. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skills that they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. Our directors must ensure compliance with our company’s memorandum of association and articles of association. A shareholder may have the right to seek damages on behalf of our company if a duty owed by our directors is breached.
Limitation on Liability and Other Indemnification Matters
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our articles of association provide for indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such, but the indemnity does not extend to any matter in respect of any willful neglect or intentional malfeasance which may be attached to such person.
Compensation of Senior Management and Directors
Compensation Arrangements with Directors. We paid aggregate cash compensation (including directors’ fees, meeting fees, travel expenses and stock-based compensation which was settled in cash) during 2008 to our directors as a group equal to US$286,005. Our directors are reimbursed for travel and related expenses incurred in connection with each board of directors or board committee meeting.

 

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On January 9, 2008, we granted to each of Leo Austin and Michael Scown (i) an option to purchase 30,000 of our ordinary shares, with an exercise price of US$3.935 one-sixth of which vest on the last day of every six month period after December 18, 2007, the date Mr. Austin and Mr. Scown became members of our board of directors, and (ii) 10,000 performance units one-third of which vest on the first, second and third anniversary of December 18, 2007, and which upon vesting may be settled only in cash.
On November 20, 2008 the board of directors approved the acceleration of the vesting date of 3,334 performance units awarded to Barney Harford by the Compensation Committee on March 6, 2007, which would otherwise have vested on January 1, 2009.
Pursuant to our non-employee director compensation policy, a recurring annual grant will be made on December 1st of each year to each member of our board of directors who is not our employee or an employee of Expedia (or an Expedia affiliate). On December 1, 2008, we granted to each of Leo Austin, Tom Gurnee, Michael Scown and Justin Tang 13,832 performance units which will vest annually over a 3-year period and which upon vesting will be settled in cash.
Compensation Arrangements with Senior Executive Officers. Compensation arrangements with our senior executive officers consist of (i) cash compensation, which includes an annual salary and the opportunity to earn an annual performance-based cash bonus, (ii) stock-based compensation in the form of stock options and performance units, and/or (iii) other benefits in the form of vacation days, allowances, and premiums paid for health insurance.
Cash Compensation.
We paid aggregate cash compensation in 2008 to our senior executive officers who were employed by us for all or a portion of 2008 equal to RMB11,315,402 (US$1,658,542). Frank Zheng resigned as our Vice President of Operations, effective January 31, 2008; Thomas Chen resigned as our Vice President of Marketing, effective February 29, 2008; and Chen Qi resigned as our Vice President of Human Resources, effective October 31, 2008. The term of a consultant seconded to us by Expedia ended on February 28, 2009.
Stock-based Compensation.
We granted the following stock-based compensation in the form of performance units to our senior executive officers who were employed by us during the year ended December 31, 2008. The performance units are payable upon vesting by our delivery to the holder a number of ordinary shares equal to the number of performance units which are then vested.
                 
    Ordinary Shares underlying        
Performance Unit Holder   Performance Units     Date of grant
Chris Chan
    25,414 (2)   January 9, 2008
Qi Chen
    74,626 (1)(3)   January 9, 2008
James Li
    50,826 (2)   January 9, 2008
Kenneth Liao
    5,084 (2)   January 9, 2008
Jack Wang
    53,334 (1)   January 9, 2008
Jason Xie
    72,464 (1)   January 9, 2008
Yu Zheng
    73,440 (1)   January 9, 2008
Sami Farhad
    74,166 (1)   May 22, 2008
Total
    429,354          
 
     
(1)   Twenty percent of the performance units vest on each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the start date of the employee’s employment with us.
 
(2)   Forty percent, thirty percent and thirty percent of the performance units vest on each of the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the grant date.
 
(3)   Ms. Chen resigned as our Vice President of Human Resources, effective October 31, 2008. All of her performance units were unvested and forfeited upon her resignation

 

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We did not grant stock-based compensation in the form of stock options to our senior executive officers or other employees during the year ended December 31, 2008.
Employment Agreements with Executive Officers
Employment agreement with Guangfu Cui. We entered into an employment agreement with Guangfu Cui, our Chief Executive Officer, effective October 8, 2007. The employment agreement, as amended, provides an annual base salary of RMB 1,700,000 (approximately US$249,176 as of December 31, 2008), and an annual discretionary bonus of up to RMB 1,900,000. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Cui was granted 111,112 performance units under our 2004 Plan, twenty percent of which vest on each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth year anniversaries of Mr. Cui’s employment start date. In addition, Mr. Cui was granted an option to purchase 111,112 shares of our ordinary shares, with an exercise price of US$4.50 per share, and the same vesting schedule as the performance units. Mr. Cui also entered into standard non-competition, non-solicitation, confidential information and work product assignment agreements with us and with our subsidiary eLong Information. The terms of such agreements are set forth below under “Non-Competition Agreements with Our Senior Executive Officers.”
Employment agreements with other senior executive officers. We have entered into our standard form employment agreements for senior executive officers with our other senior executive officers, other than James Li. The agreements provide for the opportunity for such executives to be granted stock-based compensation. See section above “Compensation Arrangements with Executive Officers” for description of stock-based compensation granted to our senior executive officers in 2008. As discussed below, each of the agreements requires that the relevant employee enter into standard form non-competition agreements with us and with our subsidiary eLong Information.
In addition to the standard arrangements for our senior executive officers, our agreement with Mike Doyle is for a term of two years, provides for use of a company car, and contains severance provisions whereby Mr. Doyle will be entitled to a payment of one half of his annual base salary if he is terminated by eLong without cause during the term of his contract, or his annual base salary if such termination occurs within 90 days after the completion of a transaction which results in Expedia (or any affiliate or party acting in concert with Expedia) no longer possessing or otherwise able to direct or control the majority of our voting power.
Non-Competition agreements with our senior executive officers. We and our subsidiary eLong Information are parties to non-competition agreements with each of our current senior executive officers, other than James Li. These agreements provide that during each executive’s employment and continuing until the later of (1) 12 months after the termination of such executive’s employment and (2) three years after the effective date of such executive’s restrictive covenant agreement, the executive will not compete with us or our subsidiaries or affiliates. The non-competition period of the agreement with Mr. Doyle extends until the earlier of (1) 12 months after the termination of his employment and (2) three years after the effective date of his employment agreement. In addition, for a period of two years after his employment, the executive will not solicit our employees or customers or the employees or customers of our subsidiaries or affiliates, and while employed and indefinitely thereafter will not disclose or otherwise use our confidential information or the confidential information of our subsidiaries or affiliates. The agreements also state that the executives’ work product will be assigned to us or eLong Information.

 

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Separation agreement. On April 1, 2009, we entered into an agreement with Chris Chan, our former chief financial officer, pursuant to which, effective April 1, 2009, his new title would be Vice President for Special Projects. Under this agreement, Mr. Chan’s employment with us will continue for an interim period ending on or before June 30, 2009, and upon the conclusion of this period, Mr. Chan will be eligible for a severance payment of RMB294,500.
Share Ownership
Please refer to “Item 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions” and to “Share-Based Compensation Plans and Options Grants” below for a description of the share ownership of our directors and senior executive officers.
Share-Based Compensation Plans and Grants
Prior to April 30, 2009, we had adopted two equity compensation plans: the eLong, Inc. Stock Option Plan, adopted in April 2001 (the “2001 Plan”), and the eLong, Inc. Stock and Annual Incentive Plan, adopted in July 2004 (the “2004 Plan”). The terms of the 2001 Plan and the 2004 Plan are substantially similar.
On May 13, 2009, we adopted a new equity compensation plan: the eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”), which is discussed in additional detail below.
2001 Plan
Under the 2001 Plan, we have granted options to purchase our ordinary shares, of which 3,008,238 options were granted, outstanding, and have not been exercised, as of April 30, 2009. We currently do not intend to issue any additional options under the 2001 Plan. The following table summarizes, as of April 30, 2009, the outstanding options granted under the 2001 Plan to Justin Tang, our former CEO and current member of the board of directors, and to our other employees as a group. As of April 30, 2009, options representing 2,161,049 ordinary shares granted under the 2001 Plan have been exercised.
                                 
    Ordinary shares underlying     Exercise              
    options granted     price              
Option Grantee   and outstanding(1)     (US$)     Date of grant   Date of expiration  
Justin Tang
    2,750,000 (2)     0.50     April 18, 2001   April 17, 2011
Justin Tang
    156,250 (2)     1.53     September 1, 2003   August 31, 2013
Other employees
    101,988       1.53     January 1, 2004   December 31, 2013
Total
    3,008,238                          
 
     
(1)   All options are fully vested and exercisable.
 
(2)   Such options were originally granted to Justin Tang. In April 2004, Mr. Tang transferred such options to Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd., a corporation over which Mr. Tang holds ultimate investment power.

 

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2004 Plan
We have reserved an aggregate of 4,000,000 of our ordinary shares for issuance under the 2004 Plan. We have granted stock options and performance units to our officers, key employees, directors and non-employee consultants under the 2004 Plan, as discussed below.
Stock Options Granted under the 2004 Plan
As of April 30, 2009, 805,562 stock options were granted, outstanding, and have not been exercised under the 2004 Plan. The following table summarizes, as of April 30, 2009, the outstanding options granted under the 2004 Plan to our current employees and directors, since we adopted the 2004 Plan. As of April 30, 2009, 123,250 options granted under our 2004 Plan have been exercised.
                                 
    Ordinary shares     Exercise              
Option Holder   underlying outstanding options granted(1)     Price (US$)     Date of grant   Date of expiration  
Justin Tang
    306,250 (2)     5.25     July 23, 2004   July 22, 2014
Other employees
    49,000       5.25     July 23, 2004   July 22, 2014
Thomas Gurnee
    30,000 (3)     6.75     November 2, 2004   November 1, 2014
Other employees
    29,200       6.75     November 2, 2004   November 1, 2014
Chris Chan
    50,000 (4)     4.95     April 30, 2007   April 29, 2017
James Li
    20,000 (4)     4.95     April 30, 2007   April 29, 2017
Other employees
    100,000 (4)     4.95     April 30, 2007   April 29, 2017
Kenneth Liao
    50,000 (4)     4.50     December 6, 2007   December 5, 2017
Guangfu Cui
    111,112 (4)     4.50     September 4, 2007   September 3, 2017
Leo Austin
    30,000 (3)     3.935     January 9, 2008   January 8, 2018
Michael Scown
    30,000 (3)     3.935     January 9, 2008   January 8, 2018
Total
    805,562                          

In addition, in May 2009, we granted 125,984 stock options under the 2004 Plan to our chief financial officer.

 
     
(1)   Unless otherwise noted, all options vest with respect to twenty-five percent of the shares covered thereby on the first anniversary of the grant date and as to an additional one-sixteenth of the shares covered thereby every three months thereafter until the fourth anniversary of the grant date. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the 2004 Plan, unless otherwise determined by our board of directors, if, during the one-year period following a change in control, such option holder incurs a termination of employment by us other than by reason of death, disability or cause or the option holder resigns for good reason, the option holder shall be entitled as of the termination of employment to an additional 12 months of vesting of the stock option to the extent unvested as of the termination of employment.
 
(2)   This option is fully vested and exercisable.
 
(3)   Vests over a period of three years from the grant date, at the rate of 5,000 ordinary shares every six months. In the event that Expedia effects a going private transaction of us pursuant to Rule 13e-3(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 , any unvested portion of the stock option shall become vested as of the effective date of the going private transaction.
 
(4)   Vests over a five year period with 20% of the option vesting on each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth anniversary of the grant date.

 

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Performance Units Granted under the 2004 Plan
Performance units are awards in the form of units that are denominated in a hypothetical equivalent number of our ordinary shares, which number of units are determined based on the fair market value of our ordinary shares on the date immediately preceding the grant date or the employment start date of a particular grantee and which, when vested, are settled, in either ordinary shares or cash. At the time of grant, our board of directors or the compensation committee determines if we will settle the performance units in cash, stock or both. Settlement terms of performance units, once established, may only be changed by approval of our board of directors or the compensation committee. Except for (i) the performance units granted to our independent directors which are to be settled in cash (and are not reflected in the table below) and (ii) as otherwise described in the footnotes to the table below, performance units granted to our employees and consultants are to be settled in ordinary shares. Those performance units granted during 2008 to our independent directors are to be settled upon vesting in cash in an amount equal to the number of the vested performance units multiplied by the fair market value of our ordinary shares on the applicable vesting date. The fair market value of the performance units, as defined in the 2004 Plan, is determined based upon the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares on the date immediately preceding the grant date. Our performance units are generally subject to service-based vesting where a specific period of continued employment must pass before an award vests. Typically, a portion of the performance units granted vest periodically over the term of the grant. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the 2004 Plan, unless otherwise determined by our board of directors, if, during the one-year period following a change in control, such Performance Unit holder incurs a termination of employment by us other than by reason of death, disability or cause or the Performance Unit holder resigns for good reason, such holder shall be entitled as of the termination of employment to an additional 12 months of vesting of the Performance Unit to the extent unvested as of the termination of employment.
The following table summarizes, as of April 30, 2009, the unvested and outstanding performance units granted to our current employees and directors since we adopted the 2004 Plan.
                      
    Ordinary Shares underlying        
    Outstanding        
Performance Unit Holder   Performance Units(1)     Date of grant
Other employees
    13,726 (2)   October 2, 2006
Other employees
    2,022     October 2, 2006
Justin Tang
    3,334 (3)   March 6, 2007
Chris Chan
    25,132     April 30, 2007
James Li
    2,012     April 30, 2007
Other employees
    53,278     April 30, 2007
Kenneth Liao
    44,444     December 6, 2007
Guangfu Cui
    88,890     September 4, 2007
Leo Austin
    6,667 (4)   January 9, 2008
Michael Scown
    6,667 (4)   January 9, 2008
Chris Chan
    25,414 (5)   January 9, 2008
Kenneth Liao
    5,084 (5)   January 9, 2008

 

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    Ordinary Shares underlying        
    Outstanding        
Performance Unit Holder   Performance Units (1)     Date of grant
James Li
    50,826 (5)   January 9, 2008
Other employees
    252,866 (5)   January 9, 2008
Jack Wang
    53,334 (6)   January 9, 2008
Jason Xie
    57,972     January 9, 2008
Yu Zheng
    73,440 (6)   January 9, 2008
Other employees
    147,568     January 9, 2008
Sami Farhad
    74,166     May 22, 2008
Other employees
    61,474     May 22, 2008
Other employees
    15,250 (6)   May 22, 2008
Leo Austin
    13,832 (7)   December 1, 2008
Thomas Gurnee
    13,832 (7)   December 1, 2008
Michael Scown
    13,832 (7)   December 1, 2008
Justin Tang
    13,832 (7)   December 1, 2008
Total
    1,118,894          
 
     
(1)   Unless otherwise noted below, twenty percent of the performance units granted to an employee vest on of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth year anniversaries of the start date of the employee’s employment with us.
 
(2)   Twenty percent of the performance units vest on of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth year anniversaries of the grant date.
 
(3)   The performance units vest on January 1, 2010, and upon vesting, may be settled either with a cash payment equal to the then fair market value of the underlying ordinary shares so vested or by delivery of the number of our ordinary shares that is equal to the number of performance units then vested.
 
(4)   3,333 of the performance units vest on December 18, 2009 and 3,334 of the performance units vest on December 18, 2010.
 
(5)   Forty percent, thirty percent and thirty percent, respectively, of the performance units will vest on each of the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the grant date.
 
(6)   Twenty percent of the employee’s performance units have vested, but have not yet been settled.
 
(7)   One third of the performance units will vest on each of December 1, 2010, 2011 and 2012, and upon vesting the performance units will be settled in cash. A recurring annual grant will be made to each member of our board of directors who is not our employee or an employee of Expedia (or an Expedia affiliate). See “—Compensation of Senior Executive Officers and Directors—Compensation Arrangements with Directors” above.

In addition, in May 2009, we granted 177,248 performance units to our chief financial officer and other employees under the 2004 Plan.

 

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2009 Plan
We have reserved an aggregate of 3,000,000 of our ordinary shares for issuance under the 2009 Plan. Under the 2009 Plan, the Compensation Committee or Board of Directors may grant stock options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares or performance units to our employees, officers or consultants. During 2009, we currently anticipate using the 2009 Plan to grant stock options to our senior executive officers and other employees. The terms of the 2009 Plan differ from those of the 2004 Plan in some respects, including but not limited to, the following:
    Upon the occurrence of a “change in control,” the 2009 Plan provides for immediate vesting of the then outstanding options or other equity grants under the 2009 Plan to employees with the rank of Vice President or above;
    Within two years following the date of a change of control, if the employment of a recipient of an award under the 2009 Plan is terminated or resigns for “good reason” (as defined under the 2009 Plan), such employee’s options and other equity grants would vest; and
    Members of our board of directors currently are not eligible to receive grants under the 2009 Plan.
Change of control is defined in the 2009 Plan to include (i) the acquisition or control of the majority of our voting power by a person or group other than Barry Diller, Liberty Media, Expedia and their respective affiliates; (ii) announcement by a person of a going private transaction or other transaction which will result in our ordinary shares or ADSs no longer being publicly listed; and (iii) certain other types of business combinations or sales or dispositions of the majority of our assets.
Our board of directors adopted the 2009 Plan on May 13, 2009 without seeking prior shareholder approval, as permitted under our articles of association and the law of the Cayman Islands. We have notified the NASDAQ stock market, the trading market for our ADSs, of the Company’s decision to use home country practice with respect to the adoption of employee equity incentive plans such as the 2009 Plan. See “Item 16G: Corporate Governance.” In May 2009, we granted 1,259,843 stock options under the 2009 Plan to our senior executive officers and other employees.
Options Granted to Expedia Asia Pacific
On August 4, 2004, we granted to Expedia Asia Pacific an option to purchase 711,429 ordinary shares at an exercise price of US$5.25 per share. The option mirrors the terms and conditions of the 1.66 million options granted to certain of our employees and officers on July 23, 2004 under our 2004 Plan. The option becomes exercisable by Expedia Asia Pacific each time any such officer or employee exercises any of such 1.66 million options. In connection with each exercise by an employee or officer, Expedia Asia Pacific is entitled to exercise a portion of its option such that Expedia Asia Pacific would receive (if Expedia Asia Pacific exercises to the fullest extent in connection with such employee or officer exercise) 30% of the aggregate ordinary shares issued to such employee or officer and Expedia Asia Pacific in connection with such employee or officer exercise. To the extent that any such officer’s or employee’s options terminate or expire without being exercised, an amount of Expedia Asia Pacific’s option equal to 30% of (i) such officer’s or employee’s terminated or expired options divided by (ii) 0.70, will likewise terminate or expire. As of April 30, 2009, 559,179 options granted to Expedia Asia Pacific on August 4, 2004 had been forfeited as a result of the forfeiture or expiration of the options of the relevant eLong employees. As of April 30, 2009, Expedia Asia Pacific held an option to purchase up to 152,250 ordinary shares.
In addition, on October 1, 2004, we entered into a stock option agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific, pursuant to which, in exchange for Expedia Asia Pacific’s consenting to the issuance of 250,000 options to our then senior executives, Richard Chen and Frank Zheng, we granted to Expedia Asia Pacific an option to purchase up to 260,204 of our ordinary shares at a purchase price of US$5.25 per ordinary share. As of April 30, 2009, all of these options have been forfeited.

 

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Employees
As of December 31, 2008, we employed approximately 1,921 employees. We believe we have good relationships with our employees, including any represented by works councils or other organizations. The following table sets forth the number of our employees categorized by function as of the dates indicated.
                         
    As of December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
General and administrative
    206       203       198  
Cost of services
    870       957       1,030  
Sales and marketing
    459       365       365  
Service development
    318       252       328  
 
                 
Total
    1,853       1,777       1,921  
 
 
 
                 
The data above includes part time workers and student interns. In 2008, the number of employees in our cost of services and service development increased as our business volumes and technology investments grew. In addition, we also entered into employment agreements with certain of our independent contractors who had previously worked as third-party sales agents.
A substantial majority of our employees are based in our headquarters office in Beijing, China.
Item 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.
A. Major Shareholders
Expedia, through Expedia Asia Pacific, holds all 28,550,704 of our high-vote ordinary shares, each of which is entitled to 15 votes. Each of our ordinary shares is entitled to one vote. Our high-vote ordinary shares and our ordinary shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a shareholder vote, including the election of the members of our board of directors. As a result, Expedia controls approximately 96% of the voting power of all shares of our voting stock. In addition, certain other shareholders are parties to an investors agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific under which they have agreed to vote their ordinary shares in the election of directors designated by Expedia. Accordingly, Expedia generally is able to exercise control over all matters requiring approval by our board of directors or our shareholders.
As of April 30, 2009, 18,615,255 of our ordinary shares and 28,550,704 of our high-vote ordinary shares were outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options and shares issuable upon the settlement of vested performance units. On that date, a total of 7,348,817 of our ADSs (equivalent to 14,697,634 of our ordinary shares) were outstanding. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change in control of our company.

 

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Oak Pacific Interactive (“OPI”), a Cayman Islands corporation, stated in a Schedule 13D (Amendment No. 3) filed with the SEC on June 10, 2009, that, as of June 9, 2009, OPI had purchased an aggregate of 6,229,270 of our ordinary shares for an aggregate purchase price of approximately US$21.3 million using working capital. Based on this filing, we understand that OPI holds approximately 13.2% of our outstanding ordinary shares (including both ordinary shares and high-vote ordinary shares), and approximately 1.4% of our total voting power, as of April 30, 2009.
Expedia, through Expedia Asia Pacific, holds all 28,550,704 of our high-vote ordinary shares, each of which is entitled to 15 votes.
The following table sets forth information with respect to beneficial ownership, within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, of our ordinary shares by each person known to us who beneficially owns more than 5% of our ordinary shares. Other than Justin Tang, none of our senior executive officers or directors owns more than 1% of our ordinary shares.
                 
    Ordinary Shares beneficially owned(1)  
    Amount     %  
Principal Shareholders
               
Oak Pacific Interactive(2)
    6,229,270       33.5 %
Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd.(3)*
    4,151,442       22.3 %
Lawrence Auriana(4)*
    3,911,111       21.0 %
 
               
Senior Executive Officers and Directors
               
Justin Tang(5)*
    4,457,692       23.9 %
 
     
(1)   Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to stock as well as options, warrants or rights.
 
(2)   Data as of June 9, 2009, based on a Schedule 13D (Amendment No. 3) filed by Oak Pacific Interactive with the SEC on June 10, 2009. The address for Oak Pacific Interactive is c/o Wilson Chu, Esq., Haynes and Boone, LLP, 2323 Victory Avenue, Suite 700, Dallas, TX 75219.
 
(3)   Represents 1,245,192 ordinary shares, of which 1,245,190 ordinary shares are represented by 622,595 ADSs, and 2,906,250 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of options held by Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd. that are fully vested as of April 30, 2009. Justin Tang holds investment power over the securities held by Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd. The address for Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd. is No. 3701, Fortune Plaza, 7 Dong Sanhuan Middle Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100020, China.
 
(4)   Based on a Schedule 13G/A filed on February 17, 2009. Represents 3,911,111 ordinary shares held for the benefit of Mr. Auriana. Mr. Auriana has placed his shares in a discretionary trust account with Sandgrain Securities Inc., with Angelo Frank Perrone being authorized to direct the disposition of such shares. As a result, Sandgrain Securities Inc. and Mr. Perrone may also be deemed to beneficially own the shares. The address for Mr. Auriana is 140 E. 45th Street, 43rd Floor, New York, NY 10017.

 

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(5)   Includes the ordinary shares and ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of options held by Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd. listed above and described in footnote no. 3 above. In addition, this number includes 306,250 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of options held by Justin Tang that are vested as of April 30, 2009. The address for Mr. Tang is No. 3701, Fortune Plaza, 7 Dong Sanhuan Middle Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100020, China.
 
*   These shareholders (either directly or through entities over which they control) and Expedia Asia Pacific are parties to an investors agreement, dated July 23, 2004, whereby they have agreed to vote any of our shares they hold for the election of directors and other matters in the manner provided in the investors agreement, including for the election of directors designated by Expedia. By virtue of the investors agreement, Expedia, through Expedia Asia Pacific, may be deemed to beneficially own all of the shares held by these shareholders. Other parties to the investors agreement include Expedia, Billable Development, Ltd., Lawrence Auriana, Ira S. Nordlicht and Helen S. Scott, JTWROS, Purple Mountain Holding, Ltd., Mind Trade Assets Limited, Gold Partner Consultants Limited, Top River Assets Limited, Sun Li Ming and Wang Yi Jie.
Related Party Transactions
Our Transactions with Expedia Asia Pacific
Transaction Agreement and Non-Compete Covenant. On August 4, 2004, we entered into a transaction agreement (the “Transaction Agreement”) with Expedia Asia Pacific, an affiliate of Expedia, in connection with the initial investment by Expedia Asia Pacific in eLong, which eventually gave Expedia Asia Pacific and its ultimate parent company, Expedia, beneficial ownership of approximately 52% of our outstanding shares on a fully-diluted basis and approximately 95% of the voting power in us. For additional details regarding Expedia’s acquisition of its controlling interest in us, see “Item 4: Information About the Company—4A Corporate History.
The Transaction Agreement also provides that, as long as Expedia Asia Pacific holds more than a 15% economic interest in us, Expedia Asia Pacific and its affiliates will be prohibited from, directly or indirectly, owning, managing, operating or otherwise controlling any entity or business which operates a travel service in China or which markets travel services specifically to Chinese residents. The non-compete restriction is subject to exceptions for certain pre-existing businesses. In addition, Expedia Asia Pacific and its affiliates are not restricted from acquiring entities or participating in joint ventures or strategic relationships with entities that engage in a competitive business, so long as the assets and revenues attributable to the competitive business do not exceed 10% of the assets or revenues of the acquired entity, the joint venture or our company.
As discussed below, we and Expedia have entered into waivers of the non-compete covenant for certain specified business activities of Expedia or its affiliates in China.

 

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Other Business Arrangements with Expedia or its affiliates
During the period between January 1, 2008 and April 30, 2009, we entered into or terminated certain agreements or arrangements with Expedia or its affiliates. Currently, we do not expect any of these agreements to be material to our business during 2009. These related party agreements with Expedia or its affiliates have been approved by our audit committee.
Inventory Procurement Agreement. In March 2008, we terminated a contract entered into in 2006 with Travelscape LLC, an entity which is ultimately controlled by Expedia, pursuant to which we had provided Travelscape a Chinese hotel inventory procuring, rating and availability negotiating service.
Services Agreement. We entered into a services agreement with Expedia with respect to the one-year secondment of an Expedia employee to eLong to provide advice on improvements in eLong’s operations and service. In the Fall of 2008, we and Expedia agreed to extend the period of secondment of the Expedia employee for six-months, through February 28, 2009, on which date the term of the consultant ended. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded expense of RMB1,808,986 for consulting and other fees and RMB879,069 for stock based compensation under this secondment agreement.
Global hotel inventory sourcing. In 2006, we entered into a contract with Expedia under which we use Expedia hotel inventory to provide international hotel booking services, and pay Expedia a percentage of the revenues received. The balance due to Expedia was RMB1,637,169 as of December 31, 2008.
Agreements with Egencia. In November 2007, we entered into a Strategic Agreement with Egencia (formerly named Expedia Corporate Travel, LLC) (“Egencia”), an affiliate of Expedia, concurrent with the launch of Egencia’s travel consulting services in China. Concurrent with this agreement, we agreed to waive the non-compete covenant of the Transaction Agreement with respect to Egencia’s business in China, and Egencia has agreed to either use us as a fulfillment partner in China, or pay us a portion of Egencia China’s air and hotel revenues as a waiver fee. In April 2009, we and Egencia entered into a Fulfillment Services Agreement which sets forth service levels and other details of our cooperation under the Strategic Agreement.
Advertising Procurement Agreement. In April 2009, Beijing Information and Expedia entered into an Advertising Procurement Agreement. Under the agreement, Expedia has a non-exclusive right to act as a commercial agent for eLong to procure advertising contracts for displays on eLong’s websites, including the right to execute insertion orders and collect payment on behalf of eLong. Expedia shall collect all amounts due from advertisers pursuant to any such agreement and is entitled to retain a portion of the revenue as compensation for services rendered pursuant to this Agreement.
Hotels.com Cooperation Agreements. In December 2008, we entered into a Non-Compete Waiver as well as a Private Label Agreement and a Profit-Share Agreement with Hotels.com, an affiliate of Expedia. Under these agreements, we waived our rights under the non-compete covenant of the Transaction Agreement with respect to the Hotels.com website in Chinese, and we and Hotels.com agreed to cooperate to launch the Hotels.com website in Chinese (http//www.hotels.cn). Under these agreements, eLong provides a private-label website and other support and fulfillment services, and eLong and Hotels.com share the revenue from PRC and international hotel bookings through the Hotels.cn website.
TripAdvisor Cooperation Agreements. In April 2009, we and Expedia entered into a non-compete waiver pursuant to which we waived any rights we may have under the non-compete covenant of the Transaction Agreement with respect to the business of TripAdvisor LLC, a subsidiary of Expedia, in China. In May 2009, we entered into a five-year cooperation agreement with Tuqu Net Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“TripAdvisor China”) pursuant to which, in consideration of the April 2009 agreement between eLong and Expedia, we received preferential discounted advertising rates for specific types of eLong advertising on the TripAdvisor China website (http//www.daodao.com).

 

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Other Related Party Transactions
eLong-Match.com eDodo Sale. In September 2006, we (together with certain subsidiaries and affiliates) entered into an asset purchase agreement and a cooperation agreement with Match.com and two Match subsidiaries (collectively, “Match”) for the disposition of our online dating division business operated under the name “eDodo” total purchase price for the disposition was US$14,625,000. The disposition was effective in October 2006 at which time the purchased assets and employees were transferred to the purchasers, and 90% of the purchase price was paid to us by Match. The remaining 10% of the purchase price was placed in escrow and was released in April 2008. We also entered into a content cooperation agreement which provides for general support services, including technology, human resources, finance, payroll, and legal, to be provided by us to Match at market rates. During 2008, the various service fees charged by us under the cooperation agreement totaled RMB 397,266.
We and Match are both under the common control of Barry Diller. Match.com is a wholly owned subsidiary of IAC/InterActiveCorp (“IAC”) and Expedia is the indirect owner of approximately 61% of our outstanding shares and holds approximately 96% of our voting power. Barry Diller is the Chairman and chief executive officer of IAC and the Chairman and Senior Executive of Expedia, Inc. Under the terms of stockholders agreements between Mr. Diller and Liberty Media Corporation, Mr. Diller holds irrevocable proxies to vote the shares of each of IAC and Expedia, Inc. stock beneficially owned by Liberty Media. By virtue of the proxies, as well as through shares owned by Mr. Diller directly, Mr. Diller generally has the ability to control the outcome of all matters submitted to a vote of IAC’s or Expedia’s stockholders (except certain specified matters). The buyer (Match) and seller (eLong) in the transaction therefore are considered entities under common control for US GAAP purposes, the asset transfer is thus accounted for as a transfer of assets to a company under common control. Accordingly, no gain was recognized as a result of the transfer and the excess of net sale proceeds over the carrying value of the net assets sold RMB94.17 million is recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. The results of operations of the eDodo business have been presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
eLong-Match.com China Subleases. We entered into a sublease agreement with Match in June 2006 pursuant to which eLong Information subleased to a Match subsidiary, Five Star Marketing Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., certain office space, located at our headquarters building in Beijing, China. This sublease was terminated in late 2008.
Second Supplement to the Asset Purchase Agreement. On July 16, 2008, we entered into the Second Supplement to the Asset Purchase Agreement with Match in order to confirm the ownership of certain assets, and clarify the limitations on the support services we provided.
Arrangements with our Affiliated Chinese Entities
Our subsidiary eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., or eLong Information conducts operations in China through a series of contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities, which hold the licenses and permits required to conduct our business. These affiliated Chinese entities include:
    Beijing Information, which holds a license for Internet content provision services (which includes the right to issue online advertisements), a license for call center services, and a license for short messaging services.

 

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    Beijing Media, which holds a license to provide advertising services.
    Beijing Air, which holds the domestic and international air ticketing licenses.
    Beijing Travel, which holds a license for domestic PRC travel and international (inbound/outbound) travel services.
    Hangzhou Air, which holds a domestic and international air ticketing licenses.
    Beijing Xici, which holds an ICP license and a special Bulletin Board System (BBS) permit.
As of April 30, 2009, Guangfu Cui, our CEO, Justin Tang, one of the members of our board of directors, and Jack Wang, our Vice President of PSG, own 75%, 12.5% and 12.5%, respectively, of Beijing Information as our nominees; Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui, our Chief Executive Officer, own 75% and 25% respectively, of Beijing Media as our nominees; Beijing Information and Beijing Media own 93% and 7%, respectively, of Beijing Air; Beijing Information and Beijing Air own 70% and 30%, respectively, of Beijing Travel; and Beijing Air own 100% of Hangzhou Air and 100% of Beijing Xici. These agreements are governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreements will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Beijing Information
Technical services agreement. Beijing Information and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated technical services agreement. Under the agreement, eLong Information has the exclusive right to provide Beijing Information with technical services relating to its website operations. eLong Information has also granted Beijing Information a non-exclusive license to use certain software owned by eLong Information. The term of the agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information at any time. Beijing Information has agreed to make quarterly payments to eLong Information for the technical services and the software license, and such payments are based on market prices as mutually agreed by the parties.
Equity interests pledge agreements. Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang have entered into separate agreements with eLong Information. Under the agreements, Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang and Mr. Wang have pledged their entire respective ownership interests in Beijing Information to eLong Information to secure the payment obligations of Beijing Information under the technical services agreement described above and the obligations of Beijing Information under the trade mark license agreement, the domain name license agreement, the cooperative agreement and the business operation agreement. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default specified in the agreements, including the failure of Beijing Information to make required payments of the technical service fees and the software license fees to eLong Information under the technical services agreement described above or to perform any of its obligations under the cooperative agreement, the business operation agreement, the trade mark license agreement and the domain name license agreement, eLong Information may enforce the equity interests pledge by complying with certain procedures required by law. The term of each agreement is identical to the term of the technical services agreement described above.

 

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Trademark license agreement. Beijing Information and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated trademark license agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has granted Beijing Information a non-exclusive license to use certain trademarks, provided that such license cannot be sublicensed. The agreement has a term identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto and may be terminated by eLong Information with 30-day notice. Beijing Information agrees to pay eLong Information license fees based on market rates.
Domain name license agreement. Beijing Information and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated domain name license agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has granted Beijing Information the right to use certain domain names including www.eLong.com and www.eLong.net. The agreement has a term identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information with a 30-day notice. Beijing Information has agreed to pay eLong Information a license fee based on market rates.
Cooperative agreement. Beijing Information and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated cooperative agreement. Under the agreement, eLong Information has agreed to:
    develop the hotel-booking market by negotiating with hotels on behalf of Beijing Information;
    provide relevant market and hotel information to Beijing Information;
    send booking orders to hotels and accept confirmation responses from hotels for Beijing Information; and
    accept commissions and services fees from hotels on behalf of Beijing Information.
Under this agreement, Beijing Information has also agreed to publish prices, market information and other relevant information on its website and process customer orders and other relevant matters through the Internet and our call center. eLong Information is obligated to pay Beijing Information quarterly an information and service fee based on market prices. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extension thereto.
Business operation agreement. Beijing Information, Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang, and eLong Information have entered into a business operation agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has agreed to provide guarantees for performance by Beijing Information of contracts, agreements or transactions with third parties in connection with its business operations. In return, Beijing Information has agreed to pledge its accounts receivable and mortgage or pledge all its assets to eLong Information. eLong Information may, at its sole discretion, provide Beijing Information any performance guarantee and working capital loan guarantee in connection with Beijing Information’s business operations. In addition, Beijing Information, Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang and Mr. Wang have each agreed not to enter into any transaction that would substantially affect the assets, rights, obligations or operations of Beijing Information without prior written consent from eLong Information. Furthermore, Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang, and Mr. Wang have agreed that upon instruction from eLong Information, they will appoint or remove Beijing Information’s directors and executive officers and accept eLong Information’s guidance regarding the day-to-day operations and financial and personnel management of Beijing Information. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto and may be terminated by eLong Information with a 30-day notice. Under this business operation agreement, if any of the agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Information terminates or expires, eLong Information has the right but without obligation to terminate any other agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Information, including without limitation this business operation agreement.

 

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Loan agreement. eLong Inc. lent RMB 12,000,000, RMB 2,000,000, and RMB 2,000,000 to Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang, respectively, for making contributions to the registered capital of Beijing Information. The full principal amount of such loans is still outstanding as of April 30, 2009. During 2008, the largest amount outstanding under these loans was RMB 12,000,000, RMB 2,000,000, and RMB 2,000,000, respectively. The loans are interest free and have a repayment term of ten years and may be extended by the parties upon mutual agreement. In addition, in the event that we exercise our option to purchase the 100% equity interest in Beijing Information pursuant to an option agreement described below, the loan will accelerate and be repaid by the proceeds from the exercise of our option. Under this circumstance, the loans will be discharged. In addition, under certain conditions such as the incapacity of Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang or Mr. Wang, or the termination of employment with us of Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang or Mr. Wang the repayments under the loan agreement may accelerate. On consolidation, the loans to the officers and employees as discussed above are eliminated.
Agreement relating to exclusive purchase right of equity interest. Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang have each entered into separate agreements relating to exclusive purchase right of equity interest with eLong, Inc., Beijing Information and eLong Information. Under these agreements, we and any third party designated by us have the right, at any time, when applicable Chinese laws and regulations change to permit foreign invested companies to operate an Internet content provision business, to purchase from Mr. Cui, Tang and Wang their respective equity interests in Beijing Information. The exercise price of the option is at an aggregate price equal to the actual paid-in registered capital of Beijing Information (or pro rata portion thereof, as appropriate) unless otherwise specified under PRC laws. The proceeds from the exercise will be applied to repay the loans extended to Mr. Cui, Tang, and Wang, unless otherwise agreed by the parties in accordance with the requirement of prevailing applicable laws. The term of each of these agreements is twenty years.
Guarantee Agreements. In order to comply with revised air ticket guarantee and payment regulations issued by CAAC, certain of our subsidiaries, including Beijing Information, Beijing Air, Beijing Air (Chaoyang Branch), and Hangzhou Air, have entered into guarantee agreements whereby one subsidiary guarantees the performance of the air ticketing operations of another subsidiary.
Copyright License Agreement. eLong Information and Beijing Information have entered into a copyright license agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has granted Beijing Information a world-wide exclusive license to use certain copyrighted software free of charge, provided that such license cannot be sublicensed. The agreement may be terminated by eLong Information upon 30-days prior notice. Supplemental Letter Agreement. eLong, Inc has entered into an agreement with Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang, as the shareholders of Beijing Information as well as Beijing Media, clarifying certain terms of the relationship between eLong, Inc. and Beijing Information and Beijing Media, respectively. Under this agreement, eLong, Inc. has agreed to provide financial support to Beijing Information and Beijing Media, in the event, but not limited to, either Beijing Information or Beijing Media incurring losses from their operations. In addition, Mr. Cui, Mr. Tang and Mr. Wang have agreed not to declare any dividends or transfer shares of Beijing Information or Beijing Media prior to repayment of the loan balance owed to eLong, Inc., and, in the event of liquidation or dissolution of Beijing Media or Beijing Information, to sell any assets to eLong, Inc., or entity designated by eLong, Inc.

 

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Beijing Media
Advertising technical consulting and services agreement. Beijing Media and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated advertising technical consulting and services agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has the exclusive right to provide Beijing Media with technical services relating to the latter’s advertising operations conducted through www.elong.com. eLong Information has also granted Beijing Media a non-exclusive license to use certain software owned by eLong Information. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information at any time. Beijing Media is required to pay eLong technical consulting and service fees and software license fees based on market prices as agreed by the parties. This agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Equity interests pledge agreements. Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui have entered into separate equity pledge agreements with eLong Information. Under the agreements, Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui have pledged their entire respective ownership interests in Beijing Media to eLong Information to secure the payment obligations of Beijing Media under the advertising technical consulting and services agreement described above and the obligations of Beijing Media under the business operation agreement and the trademark license agreement. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default specified in the agreements, including the failure of Beijing Media to pay service fees and the software license fees to eLong Information under the advertising technical consulting and services agreement or to perform any of its obligations under the business operation agreement and the trademark license agreement, eLong Information may enforce the equity interest pledge by complying with certain provisions required by law. The term of each agreement is identical to the term of the advertising consulting and services agreement described above. This agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Cooperative agreement. Beijing Media and Beijing Information have entered into a cooperative agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has agreed to provide website hosting and information services to Beijing Media. Beijing Media is obligated to pay Beijing Information for such website hosting and information services based on market prices. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of Beijing Media including any extension thereto. This agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Business operation agreement. Beijing Media, Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui, and eLong Information have entered into a fourth amended and restated business operation agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has agreed to provide guarantees for performance by Beijing Media of contracts, agreements or transactions with third parties in connection with its business operations. In return, Beijing Media has agreed to pledge its accounts receivable and mortgage or pledge all its assets to eLong Information. eLong Information may, at its sole discretion, provide Beijing Media any working capital loan guarantee in connection with its business operations. In addition, Beijing Media, Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui have each agreed not to enter into any transaction that would substantially affect the assets, rights, obligations, or operations of Beijing Media without prior written consent from eLong Information. Furthermore, Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui have agreed that upon instruction from eLong Information,

 

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they will appoint or remove Beijing Media’s directors and executive officers and accept eLong Information’s guidance regarding the day-to-day operations and financial and personnel management of Beijing Media. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information with a 30-day notice. Under this business operation agreement, if any of the agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Media terminates or expires, eLong Information has the right but without obligation to terminate any other agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Media, including without limitation this business operation agreement. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Loan agreement. eLong, Inc., Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui have entered into a fourth amended and restated loan agreement, pursuant to which eLong, Inc. lent RMB375,000 and RMB125,000 to Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui, respectively, for making contributions to the registered capital of Beijing Media. The full principal amount of such loans is still outstanding as of April 30, 2009. During the fiscal year 2008, the largest amount outstanding under these loans was RMB 375,000 (US$54,965) and RMB 125,000 (US$18,322) respectively. The loans are interest free and have a repayment term of ten years and may be extended by the parties upon mutual agreement. In addition, in the event that we exercise our option to purchase the 100% equity interest in Beijing Media pursuant to an option agreement, described below, the loan will be repaid by the proceeds from the exercise of our option. Under this circumstance, the loans will accelerate and be discharged. In addition, under certain conditions such as the incapacity of Mr. Cui or Mr. Tang, or the termination of employment with us of Mr. Tang or Mr. Cui, the repayments under the loan agreement may accelerate. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China. On consolidation, the loans to the officers and employees as discussed above are eliminated.
Agreements relating to exclusive purchase right of equity interest. Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui have each entered into separate agreements relating to the exclusive purchase right of equity interest with eLong, Inc., Beijing Media and eLong Information. Under these agreements, we and any third party designated by us have the right, at any time, when applicable Chinese laws and regulations change, to permit foreign invested companies to operate an advertising business, and to purchase from Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui their respective equity interests in Beijing Media. The exercise price of the options is at an aggregate price equal to the actual paid-in registered capital of Beijing Media, (or pro rata portion thereof, as appropriate) unless otherwise specified under the PRC laws. Upon the exercise of the options, the proceeds from the exercise will be applied to repay the loans extended to Mr. Tang and Mr. Cui, unless otherwise agreed by the parties in accordance with the requirement of prevailing applicable laws. The term of each of these agreements is twenty years. The agreements are governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Trademark license agreement. Beijing Media and eLong Information have entered into a trademark license agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has granted Beijing Media a non-exclusive license to use certain trademarks, provided that such license cannot be sublicensed. The agreement has a term identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information with 30-day notice. Beijing Media agrees to pay eLong Information license fees based on market rates. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.

 

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Beijing Air
Technical consulting and services agreement. Beijing Air and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated technical consulting and services agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has the exclusive right to provide Beijing Air technical services relating to its air ticketing business conducted by Beijing Air through www.elong.com. eLong Information has also granted Beijing Air a non-exclusive license to use certain software owned by eLong Information. The term of the agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto, and may be terminated by eLong Information at any time. Beijing Air has agreed to pay eLong Information service fees and software license fees based on market prices as agreed by the parties. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Equity interest pledge agreement. Beijing Information, eLong Information and Beijing Media have entered into an amended and restated equity interest pledge agreement with eLong Information. Under the agreements Beijing Information and Beijing Media have pledged their entire respective ownership interests in Beijing Air to eLong Information to secure the payment obligation of Beijing Air under the technical consulting and services agreement described above and the performance of the obligations under the business operation agreement and the trademark license agreement. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default specified in the agreement, including the failure of Beijing Air to make required payments of the technical services fees and the software license fees to eLong Information under the technical consulting and services agreements described above or to perform any of its obligations under the business operation agreement and the trademark license agreement, eLong Information may enforce the equity interest pledge by complying with certain procedures required by law. The agreement has a term identical to the term of the technical consulting and services agreement described above. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Business operation agreement. Beijing Air, Beijing Information, Beijing Media and eLong Information have entered into an amended and restated business operation agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has agreed to provide guarantees for the performance by Beijing Air of contracts, agreements or transactions with third parties in connection with its business operations. In return, Beijing Air has agreed to pledge its accounts receivable and mortgage or pledge all its assets to eLong Information. eLong Information may, at its sole discretion, provide Beijing Air any working capital guarantee in connection with its business operations. In addition, Beijing Air, Beijing Information and Beijing Media have each agreed that they will not enter into any transaction that would substantially affect the assets, rights, obligations or business operations of Beijing Air without prior written consent from eLong Information. Furthermore, Beijing Information and Beijing Media have each agreed that upon instruction from eLong Information, they will appoint or terminate Beijing Air’s directors and executive officers and accept eLong Information’s guidance regarding the day-to-day operations and financial and personnel management of Beijing Air. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto and may be terminated by eLong Information with a 30-day notice. Under this business operation agreement, if any of the agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Air terminates or expires, eLong Information has the right but without obligation to terminate any other agreements between eLong Information and Beijing Airs, including without limitation this business operation agreement. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.

 

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Cooperative agreement. Beijing Air and Beijing Information have entered into an amended and restated cooperative agreement. Under this agreement, Beijing Information has agreed to provide website hosting services and call center services to Beijing Air. Beijing Air has agreed to pay quarterly information service fees to Beijing Information based on market prices. The term of this agreement is identical to the term of incorporation of Beijing Air including any extensions thereto. This agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Trademark license agreement. Beijing Air and eLong Information have entered into a trademark license agreement. Under this agreement, eLong Information has granted Beijing Air a non-exclusive license to use certain trademarks, provided that such license cannot be sublicensed. The agreement has a term identical to the term of incorporation of eLong Information including any extensions thereto and may be terminated by eLong Information with 30-day notice. Beijing Air agrees to pay eLong Information license fees based on market rates. The agreement is governed by the laws of the PRC and disputes arising under the agreement will be resolved by binding arbitration in China.
Beijing Travel
Cooperative agreement. eLong Information and Beijing Travel have entered into an cooperative agreement under which eLong Information has agreed to sign cooperative agreements with hotels and accept commissions and services fees on behalf of Beijing Travel. eLong Information has also agreed to promote Beijing Travel at its own expense. Beijing Travel is obligated to pay eLong Information quarterly a service fee based on market rates. The agreement may be terminated by either party upon 10-day prior notice.
eLong Information
Loan Agreement. eLong Information and eLong, Inc. have entered into a loan agreement. Under this agreement, eLong, Inc. has loaned USD 7,500,000 to eLong Information as operation capital. The full principal amount of this loan is still outstanding as of April 30, 2009. The loan is interest free and has a repayment term of five years which may be extended by the parties upon mutual agreement. eLong Information is obligated to report to eLong, Inc. any event that may affect the repayment of the loan, and eLong, Inc. has right to monitor the financial condition of eLong Information. eLong Information may repay the loan before payment is due provided that 30-days prior notice is given to eLong, Inc.
Item 8: Financial Information.
Consolidated Financial Statements
See “Item 18. Financial Statements” and pages F-1 through F-33 of this annual report.
Legal Proceedings
We are not a party to any material litigation or administrative proceedings, nor are we currently aware of any pending or threatened litigation or arbitration proceedings that could have a material adverse effect upon our business, results of operations or financial condition. We may become subject to other legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, in the future. Any litigation or administrative proceeding involves potential risks and potentially significant costs, and therefore there can be no assurance that any litigation or administrative proceedings which may arise in the future would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

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Dividend Policy
Since our establishment, we have not declared or paid any dividends on our ordinary shares or high-vote ordinary shares. We did not pay any dividends in 2008, and currently do not plan to pay any dividends in 2009. The timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend, among other things, on our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries and variable interest entities in China and any other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Any future cash dividends on the outstanding shares would be declared by and subject to the discretion of our board of directors and, in some cases, must be approved at an annual or extraordinary general meeting shareholders. Holders of ADSs would be entitled to receive dividends, if any, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, to the same extent as holders of ordinary shares, less the fees and expenses payable under the deposit agreement, and after deduction of any applicable taxes. See “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ownership of Our ADSs or Ordinary Shares and Our Trading Market—You may not receive distributions on ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you” and “—Our subsidiaries and affiliated Chinese entities in China are subject to restrictions on paying dividends or making other payments to us, which may decrease our internal sources of funds and ability to pay dividends.”
Significant Changes since December 31, 2008
On May 13, 2009, we adopted a new equity compensation plan: the eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”). See “Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Share-Based Compensation Plans and Grants—2009 Plan.”

In May 2009, we granted 1,259,843 stock options to our senior executive officers and other employees under the 2009 Plan, as well as 125,984 stock options to our chief financial officer and 177,248 performance units to our chief financial officer and other employees under the 2004 Plan.

Item 9: The Offer and Listing.
General
Our ADSs trade on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “LONG.” The depositary for our ADSs is JPMorgan Chase Bank. As of April 30, 2009, there were a total of 7,348,817 ADSs outstanding. Each ADS represents two of our ordinary shares.
Trading on the NASDAQ Global Market
Public trading of our ADSs commenced on October 28, 2004. The table below lists the annual high and low trading prices of our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market for 2004 (October 28, 2004 through December 31, 2004), 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008.
                 
    High     Low  
    US$     US$  
October 28, 2004 through December 31, 2004
    24.30       13.70  
January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005
    18.06       7.61  
January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2006
    15.55       10.14  
January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007
    13.99       7.10  
January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008
    10.12       6.66  

 

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The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low trading prices for our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market.
                 
    High     Low  
    US$     US$  
Most Recent Fiscal Quarters
               
January 1, 2007 through March 31, 2007
    13.99       9.51  
April 1, 2007 through June 30, 2007
    10.41       9.20  
July 1, 2007 through September 30, 2007
    10.42       8.59  
October 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007
    12.28       7.10  
January 1, 2008 through March 31, 2008
    8.77       7.38  
April 1, 2008 through June 30, 2008
    10.12       7.10  
July 1, 2008 through September 30, 2008
    7.47       6.97  
October 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008
    7.39       6.66  
January 1, 2009 through March 31, 2009
    7.70       4.23  
                 
    High     Low  
    US$     US$  
Most Recent Six Months
               
November 2008
    7.33       6.86  
December 2008
    7.25       7.00  
January 2009
    7.70       6.86  
February 2009
    7.45       5.15  
March 2009
    6.65       4.23  
April 2009
    7.34       6.00  
On April 30, 2009, the closing price per ADS on the NASDAQ Global Market was US$6.30.
Item 10: Additional Information.
Memorandum and Articles of Association
The information called for by Item 10B (“Memorandum and Articles of Association”) is incorporated by reference to the information under the heading “Description of Share Capital” in eLong’s Registration Statement on Form F-1, as filed with the SEC on October 27, 2004.
Material Contracts
We have not entered into any material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business within the past two fiscal years, other than those described elsewhere in this annual report or listed in “Item 19: Exhibits.”

 

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Exchange Controls
The principal regulation governing foreign currency exchange in China is the Foreign Currency Administration Rules (1996), as amended in August 2008. Under these rules, the Renminbi is freely convertible for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for direct investment, loans or investments in securities outside China without the prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange of the People’s Republic of China or its local branches (“SAFE”). Pursuant to the Foreign Currency Administration Rules, foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase foreign exchange without the approval of SAFE for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions by providing commercial documents evidencing these transactions. They may also retain foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, to satisfy foreign exchange liabilities or to pay dividends. In addition, foreign exchange transactions for direct investment, loan and investment in securities outside China are still subject to limitations and require approvals from SAFE. The relevant Chinese government authorities may limit or eliminate the ability of foreign-invested enterprises to purchase and retain foreign currencies in the future. See “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in the People’s Republic of China—Governmental control of currency conversion may affect our ability to pay dividends and the value of our ADSs” and “Item 3: Key Information—Risk Factors—PRC regulations may limit our ability to transfer our funds held overseas into China.
Taxation
The following discussion summarizes certain Cayman Islands tax and United States federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of April 30, 2009, all of which are subject to change at any time without our prior notice. Although the following discussion does not purport to describe all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a prospective purchaser of our ADSs or shares, this discussion summarizes certain Cayman Islands tax consequences to a holder of ADSs or shares that is not resident (in the case of an individual) or domiciled (in the case of a legal entity) in the Cayman Islands (in either case, referred to herein as “not resident” or as a “non-resident”) and does not have a permanent establishment or fixed base located in the Cayman Islands through which such ADSs or shares are held, and certain material United States federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder (as that term is defined below) of ADSs or shares that is not resident (in the case of an individual) or domiciled (in the case of a legal entity) in the Cayman Islands (in either case, referred to herein as “not resident” or as a “non-resident”) and does not have a permanent establishment or fixed base located in the Cayman Islands through which such ADSs or shares are held.
Cayman Islands Taxation
The Cayman Islands currently levy no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties that may be applicable on instruments executed in, or after execution brought within the jurisdiction of, the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands are not party to any double taxation treaties. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.
United States Federal Income Taxation
The following discussion is a summary of the material United States federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to the purchase, holding, ownership, disposition or sale of our ADSs or ordinary shares.

 

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This discussion is general in nature and does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation which may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, including investors subject to special U.S. taxation rules, such as:
    banks;
    dealers in securities or currencies;
    financial institutions;
    insurance companies;
    tax-exempt organizations;
    persons holding ADSs or ordinary shares as part of hedging, conversion, constructive sale, straddle or other integrated transactions;
    traders in securities that have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting;
    persons who own 5% or more of our shares;
    U.S. persons whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar; or
    Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below).
This discussion is based in part on representations by the depositary and assumes that each obligation under the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms. Furthermore, the discussion below is based upon the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, and U.S. Treasury regulations (including temporary and proposed regulations), rulings and judicial decisions thereunder as of April 30, 2009. Such authorities are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, which may result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below.
A U.S. Holder holding or considering acquiring or disposing of our ADSs or ordinary shares is urged to consult his or her own tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax consequences of the holding, ownership, purchase, disposition or sale of our ADSs or ordinary shares in light of such U.S. Holder’s particular circumstances.
A “U.S. Holder” for purposes of this discussion is a beneficial owner of ADSs or ordinary shares that is a U.S. person. A “U.S. person” is:
    a citizen or resident of the United States;
    a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;
    an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation, regardless of its source; or
    a trust if it is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

 

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A beneficial owner of ADSs or ordinary shares that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to herein as a “Non-U.S. Holder.”
If a partnership holds ADSs or ordinary shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner of a partnership holding ADSs or ordinary shares is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares.
ADSs. In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a U.S. Holder of ADSs will be treated as the owner of the underlying ordinary shares that are represented by such ADSs. Deposits and withdrawals of ordinary shares in exchange for ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation.
Distributions on ADSs or ordinary shares. Subject to the application of the passive foreign investment company rules, as discussed below, the gross amount of any distributions in respect of the ADSs or ordinary shares will be subject to tax as dividend income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Subject to certain limitations, dividends paid to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, may be eligible for a reduced rate of taxation if we are deemed to be, or will be treated as, a “qualified foreign corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes and provided that such holder satisfies certain holding period requirements with respect to the ownership of our ADSs or ordinary shares. Subject to the exceptions discussed below, dividends paid by a foreign corporation will be treated as being paid by a qualified foreign corporation if the corporation is:
    a corporation incorporated in a possession of the United States;
    a foreign corporation that is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program; or
    a foreign corporation whose stock with respect to which a dividend is paid or whose ADSs backed by such stock are readily tradable on an established securities market within the United States.
A foreign corporation (even if it is a corporation described above) does not constitute a qualified foreign corporation if the foreign corporation is a passive foreign investment company. We have not previously paid any dividends to our shareholders. No assurance can be given that dividends paid by us will be treated as being paid by a qualified foreign corporation. As indicated below, we believe we are likely to be classified as a PFIC in 2008 and there can be no assurance that we will not be classified as a PFIC in 2009 and future years. Dividends paid by us will not be treated as paid by a qualified foreign corporation and, consequently, would not qualify for the reduced rate of federal income tax described above, unless we were not a PFIC in both our taxable year in which such dividends are paid and in our immediately preceding taxable year. If we were classified as a PFIC in 2008 or 2009, any dividends we pay to U.S. Holders during 2009 would not qualify for this reduced rate of tax. In addition, our status as a qualified foreign corporation may change. A U.S. Holder that exchanges its ADSs for ordinary shares may not be eligible for the reduced rate of taxation on dividends if the ordinary shares are not deemed to be readily tradable on an established securities market within the United States.
Dividends will be includable in a U.S. Holder’s gross income on the date actually or constructively received by the depositary, in the case of ADSs or, in the case of ordinary shares, by such U.S. Holder. These dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.
To the extent that the amount of any distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distribution will first be treated as a tax-free return of capital, causing a reduction in the adjusted basis of the ADSs or ordinary shares, and the balance in excess of adjusted basis will be taxed as capital gain.

 

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Sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares. Subject to the application of the passive foreign investment company rules, as discussed below, upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition and the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holder in the ADSs or ordinary shares. The capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of sale, exchange or other disposition, the U.S. Holder has held the ADS or ordinary share for more than one year. Net long-term capital gains of non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, are eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss that a U.S. Holder recognizes generally will be treated as gain or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
Passive foreign investment company rules. In general, we will be classified as a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year in which either (a) at least 75% of our gross income is passive income or (b) at least 50% of the value (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) of our assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. For this purpose, passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents (other than rents and royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business and not derived from a related person), annuities and gains from assets that produce passive income. If we own at least 25% by value of the equity shares of another corporation, we will be treated for purposes of the passive foreign investment company tests as owning a proportionate share of the assets of the other corporation, and as receiving directly a proportionate share of the other corporation’s income. The tax rules do not clearly indicate whether our contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities would be treated as ownership of equity in such entities.
The annual PFIC determination to be made by a U.S. Holder of our ordinary shares (including ADSs) is an inherently factual determination and there is limited guidance regarding the application of the PFIC rules to specific situations. Depending on the valuation of our ordinary shares (including ADSs) and high-vote ordinary shares, as well as our goodwill and other assets and income, we believe we are likely to be classified as a PFIC for 2008. In addition, as the determination of PFIC status is made on an annual basis and depends on variables over which we have limited control, there can be no assurance that we will not be classified as a PFIC for 2009 or any future calendar years. If we are classified as a PFIC in any year, U.S. Holders would be subject to the tax regime described in the following paragraphs.
If we are a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder has an equity interest in us, unless the U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election, such U.S. Holder will be subject to special tax rules in any future taxable year, regardless of whether we are classified as a passive foreign investment company in such future years with respect to (a) “excess distributions” and (b) gain from the sale or other disposition of stock. Excess distributions are defined generally as the excess of the amount received with respect to the equity interests in the taxable year over 125% of the average annual distributions received in the shorter of either the three previous years or a U.S. Holder’s holding period before the taxable year. Under these special tax rules:
     
l
  the gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over the holding period for the ordinary shares or ADSs;
l
  the amount allocated to the taxable year in which the gain or excess distribution is realized will be taxed as ordinary income;
l
  the amount allocated to each prior year in which we were a PFIC, with certain exceptions, will be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for that year; and
l
  the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each such prior year.
In some circumstances, if we are classified as a passive foreign investment company, a U.S. Holder may avoid certain of the unfavorable consequences of the PFIC rules by making a qualified electing fund (“QEF”) election with respect to our company. A QEF election would require the electing U.S. holder to include in curent income the U.S. holder’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of our company for the relevant tax year. However, a U.S. Holder would not be able to elect QEF status with respect to our ADSs or ordinary shares unless we furnish such U.S. Holder annually with certain additional tax information, and we currently do not intend to provide such information.
In certain circumstances, instead of being subject to the excess distribution rules discussed above, a U.S. Holder may make an election to include gain on the ADSs or ordinary shares of a passive foreign investment company as ordinary income under a mark-to-market method, provided that the ADSs or ordinary shares are regularly traded on a qualified exchange. The mark-to-market election is only available for ADSs or ordinary shares that are regularly traded within the meaning of U.S. Treasury regulations on certain designated U.S. exchanges and foreign exchanges that meet trading, listing, financial disclosure and other requirements to be treated as a qualified exchange.
If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election, the U.S. Holder will include each year as ordinary income, rather than capital gain, the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the U.S. Holder’s ADSs or ordinary shares at the end of the taxable year over such U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in the ADSs (or ordinary shares, if applicable) and will be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of these ADSs or ordinary shares over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but limited to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. A U.S. Holder’s basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts.
If a U.S. Holder has held our ordinary shares or ADSs at any time when we were a PFIC, such U.S. Holder will be required to attach Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 to his or her federal income tax return for such U.S. Holder’s taxable year during which such U.S. Holder sells or otherwise disposes of such ordinary shares or ADSs at a gain or otherwise receives an excess distribution with respect to such ordinary shares or ADSs or for which such U.S. Holder wishes to make a QEF election.
A U.S. Holder is urged to consult his or her tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares under the passive foreign investment company rules.
Taxation of Holders of ADSs or Shares in Other Countries
Holders or potential holders of our ADSs who are resident or otherwise taxable in countries other than the United States are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning the tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our ADSs.

 

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Documents on Display
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) that are applicable to a foreign private issuer. In accordance with the Exchange Act, we file an annual report on Form 20-F with the SEC, and furnish other reports to the SEC. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports and proxy statements, and our officers, directors, and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Copies of reports and other information, when so filed with or furnished to the SEC, may be inspected without charge and copied at prescribed rates at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of these materials are also available by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, at 100 F Street., N.E., Washington D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. You may obtain information on the operation of Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, information statements, and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file and furnish reports electronically with the SEC.
Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We will make available our annual report on Form 20-F (which includes annual audited consolidated financial statements) to our shareholders by posting a link to the annual report on our website (http://www.elong.net/AboutUs/sec_filings.html). In addition, we will provide a printed copy of this annual report to shareholders upon request, free of charge.
Subsidiary Information
For a listing of our subsidiaries, see Item 4 of this annual report, “Information on the Company—Organizational Structure.”
Item 11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk.
Please refer to Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
Item 12: Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 13: Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.
Not applicable.
Item 14: Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.
Use of Proceeds
The following discussion relates to the initial public offering our ADSs by us and certain selling shareholders, pursuant to a registration statement on Form F-1 , which was completed on November 2, 2004. The registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on October 27, 2004. We received net proceeds (after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other expenses related to the offering) of approximately US$42 million from the offering 4,602,547 ADSs, representing 9,205,094 ordinary shares.

 

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From November 2, 2004 through April 30, 2009, we used a minor portion of the net proceeds from our initial public offering to fund the acquisitions of Raytime and Fortunetrip, and also to fund a minor percentage of our operations. The substantial majority of our operations are funded through our operating revenues.
Item 15: Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, Guangfu Cui and our CFO, Mike Doyle, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of December 31, 2008. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that the material financial and non-financial information required to be disclosed in this annual report on Form 20-F is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. Based on this evaluation, our management, including our CEO and CFO, concluded that, as of December 31, 2008, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young Hua Ming, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting, which appears below.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of eLong, Inc.:
We have audited eLong, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). eLong, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

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A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, eLong Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008 of eLong, Inc. and our report dated June 2, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young Hua Ming
Beijing, The People’s Republic of China
June 2, 2009
Limitations on Controls.
Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all misstatements, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the sound control procedures. Any control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within eLong have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Our management, including our CEO and CFO, also conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In the third quarter of 2008, we modified some of our internal control procedures, in accordance with our implementation of a new Oracle ERP system. During the transition period between our prior system and the new ERP system, we tested and reviewed the new controls over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, our management believes that our internal controls were effective as of December 31, 2008.

 

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Item 16A: Audit Committee Financial Expert.
The audit committee of our board of directors currently consists of Leo Austin, Michael Scown, and Thomas Gurnee (who serves as chairman). Our board of directors has determined that all of our audit committee members are “independent” under NASDAQ’s Listing Rules, Section 10A(m) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Mr. Gurnee is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 16A of the Instructions to Form 20-F and that Mr. Austin and Mr. Scown each has the requisite financial knowledge and experience to be qualified to serve as a member of our audit committee.
Item 16B: Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.
Our board of directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics applicable to every employee of our company, including our CEO and CFO, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, consistent with the requirements of the NASDAQ Listing Rules. We did not amend our code of conduct in 2008. Our code of ethics is posted on our website at http://www.eLong.net/AboutUs/code_conduct.html.
Item 16C: Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
KPMG acted as the independent registered public accounting firm of our company for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007. Effective October 10, 2008, we dismissed KPMG and engaged Ernst & Young Hua Ming (“Ernst &Young”) to act as our independent public accounting firm. The following table sets forth the aggregate fees by category in connection with certain professional services rendered by KPMG and Ernst & Young for the periods indicated.
                 
    2007     2008  
    RMB     RMB  
    (in ‘000)     (in ‘000)  
Audit Fees (KPMG)(1)
    4,515       1,645  
Audit Fees (Ernst & Young)(1)
          4,752  
 
           
Total
    4,515       6,397  
 
     
(1)   “Audit Fees” are the aggregate fees billed by KPMG or Ernst & Young for the audit of our consolidated annual financial statements and procedures related to our quarterly financial statements. We were billed approximately RMB6.4million (US$0.9 million) for 2008 in Audit Fees. We have not yet been fully billed by Ernst & Young for audit fees in relation to the year ended December 31, 2008.
Our audit committee is responsible for the retention of our independent registered public accounting firm. Our audit committee has adopted its own rules of procedure, in the form of an audit committee charter. The audit committee’s rules of procedure provide for a process with respect to the prior approval of all non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditors. Our audit committee reports to our board of directors regarding the scope and results of our annual audits, compliance with our accounting and financial policies and management’s procedures and policies related to the adequacy of our internal accounting controls.

 

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Our audit committee was formed during 2004. In 2008 our audit committee pre-approved the engagement of Ernst & Young, the dismissal of KPMG and all audit services provided by KPMG and Ernst & Young.
Item 16D: Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.
Not applicable.
Item 16E: Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
On February 27, 2008, we publicly announced the approval by our board of directors of a share buy back of up to US$20 million. From the commencement of share repurchases under the share buyback through December 5, 2008 when the program was suspended, the Company repurchased 2,000,000 ADSs (equivalent to four million ordinary shares) at a total purchase price of US$15 million (equivalent to an average price of US$7.51 per ADS or US3.76 per ordinary share). All shares repurchased buy the Company during 2008 were repurchased pursuant to our publicly announced share buyback plan. The table below provides additional details on our repurchases of ADSs by month under the share buyback program during 2008.
                                 
2008   Number of     Purchase Price     Average Price Paid Per     Average Price Paid Per  
Month   ADSs Purchased     (US$)*     ADS (US$)*     Ordinary Share (US$)*  
March
    81,800       694,113.33       8.49       4.24  
April
    97,761       864,544.43       8.84       4.42  
May
    140,632       1,300,740.26       9.25       4.62  
June
    223,600       1,682,507.89       7.52       3.76  
July
    143,039       1,048,446.49       7.33       3.66  
August
    157,290       1,128,873.05       7.18       3.59  
September
    227,100       1,619,139.10       7.13       3.56  
October
    428,000       3,077,547.00       7.19       3.60  
November
    344,000       2,487,193.90       7.23       3.62  
December
    156,778       1,120,689.80       7.15       3.57  
Total
    2,000,000       15,023,795.24       7.51       3.76  
 
     
*   Cost and average price data includes trading commissions. Some numbers may not add due to rounding.
Item 16G: Corporate Governance.
As we are a controlled company, and Expedia has sufficient voting power to determine the outcome of all matters submitted to a shareholder vote, we generally intend to rely on the “home country practice” exception available to foreign private issuers under the NASDAQ Listing Rules, and not present certain matters for a shareholder vote, where such shareholder vote would otherwise be required under the NASDAQ Listing Rules, including Rule 5635 which sets forth certain circumstances requiring shareholder approval. For example, our board of directors adopted the eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”) on May 13, 2009 without seeking prior shareholder approval, as permitted under our articles of association and applicable law of the Cayman Islands. We have notified NASDAQ of our decision to use this home country practice with respect to the adoption of equity incentive plans such as the 2009 Plan.

 

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PART III
Item 17: Financial Statements.
We have elected to provide financial statements pursuant to Item 18.
Item 18: Financial Statements.
Our consolidated financial statements are included in this annual report at pages F-1 through F-33.
Item 19: Exhibits.
     
1.1
  Second Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association of eLong, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 from Amendment No. 1 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004).
 
   
1.2
  Second Amended and Restated Articles of Association of eLong, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 from Amendment No. 1 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004).
 
   
2.1
  Deposit Agreement between eLong, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(a) to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-6 filed with the SEC on October 8, 2004).
 
   
2.2
  Amendment No. 1 to Deposit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(a)(2) to the company’s Post-Effective Registration Statement on Form F-6 filed with the SEC on April 11, 2005).
 
   
3.1
  Investors Agreement among eLong, Inc., IACT Asia Pacific Limited (currently known as Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited) and other parties thereto, dated July 23, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.1
  Stock Option Agreement between Registrant and IACT Asia Pacific Limited (currently known as Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited), dated July 23, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.2
  Amended and Restated Technical Services Agreement between eLongNet Information Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Technologies Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.3
  Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement between eLong Net Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Justin Tang, dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).

 

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4.4
  Amended and Restated Trademark License Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.5
  Amended and Restated Domain Name License Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.6
  Amended and Restated Cooperative Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.7
  Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement between eLong, Inc., Justin Tang, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.8
  Cooperative Agreement between Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.9
  Trademark License Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.10
  Amended and Restated Advertising Technical Consulting and Services Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.11
  Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Justin Tang, dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.12
  Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement among eLong, Inc., Justin Tang, Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., and eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).

 

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4.13
  Amended and Restated Technical Consulting Services Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing Air Services Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.14
  Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement among eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing eLongNet Information Technology Co., Ltd. and Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.15
  Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement among eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.16
  Amended and Restated Cooperative Agreement between Beijing Air Services Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Information Co., Ltd. dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.17
  Trademark License Agreement between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd. dated July 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.18
  Transaction Agreement among IACT Asia Pacific Limited (an entity currently known as Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited), InterActiveCorp, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., eLongNet Hi-Tech (Beijing) Co., dated July 23, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.19
  Transfer and Escrow Contribution Agreement among IACT Asia Pacific Limited (an entity currently known as Expedia Asia Pacific), certain selling shareholders and Registrant, dated July 23, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on October 7, 2004).
 
   
4.20
  eLong, Inc. Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to Amendment No. 1 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004).

 

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4.21
  eLong, Inc. Stock and Annual Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Amendment No. 1 to the company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004).
 
   
4.22
  Termination and Settlement Agreement between eLong, Inc. and Justin Tang, dated as of January 23, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.44 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 29, 2006).
 
   
4.23
  Employment Agreement between eLong, Inc. and Guangfu Cui, effective as of October 8, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.58 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.24*
  Amendment to Employment Agreement between eLong, Inc. and Guangfu Cui.
 
   
4.25
  Strategic Agreement for Cooperation in the PRC Corporate Travel Market between eLong, Inc. and Expedia Corporate Travel, LLC (currently known as Egencia, LLC), effective as of November 12, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.59 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.26
  Waiver Agreement between eLong Inc, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Expedia Inc. effective as of November 13, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.60 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.27*
  Waiver Agreement among eLong, Inc., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Expedia Inc. and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, effective as of November 1, 2008.
 
   
4.28*
  Waiver Agreement among eLong Inc, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Expedia Inc. and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, effective as of April 7, 2009.
 
   
4.29*
  eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan.
 
   
4.30*
  The Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui and Jack Wang.
 
   
4.31*
  The Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Guangfu Cui.
 
   
4.32*
  The Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Jack Wang.
 
   
4.33*
  The Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and Guangfu Cui.

 

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4.34*
  The Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and Jack Wang.
 
   
4.35*
  The Third Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang.
 
   
4.36*
  Letter Agreement, dated May 1, 2009, among eLong, Inc., Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang.
 
   
4.37
  The Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and between eLong, Inc., Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.61 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.38
  The Fourth Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement dated December 28, 2007 between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.62 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.39
  The Fourth Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and between eLong, Inc., Guangfu Cui, Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., and eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.63 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
4.40
  The Fourth Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and among the eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., Justin Tang, and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.64 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
   
8.1*
  Subsidiaries of Registrant.
 
   
12.1*
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a).
 
   
12.2*
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a).
 
   
13.1*
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
 
   
13.2*
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
 
   
15.1*
  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Ernst & Young Hua Ming).
 
   
15.2*
  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG).
 
   
15.3*
  Consent of TransAsia Lawyers.

 

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SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
Date: June 17, 2009
         
 
  eLong, Inc.    
 
       
 
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
Guangfu Cui
   
 
  Chief Executive Officer    
 
       
 
  /s/ Mike Doyle
 
Mike Doyle
   
 
  Chief Financial Officer    

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
eLong, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of eLong, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of eLong, Inc. at December 31, 2008, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), eLong, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 2, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young Hua Ming
Beijing, The People’s Republic of China
June 2, 2009

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
eLong, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of eLong, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of eLong, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 2(h) to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company changed its method of accounting for employee share-based arrangements as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), “Share-based Payment”.
/s/ KPMG
Hong Kong, China
June 24, 2008

 

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eLong, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
                         
    December 31,  
    2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     US$  
ASSETS
                       
Current assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
    1,138,446,505       321,541,169       47,129,523  
Restricted assets
    11,274,166              
Short-term investment
    19,120,000       635,809,729       93,193,071  
Accounts receivable, net
    41,138,242       42,471,028       6,225,142  
Due from related parties
    924,024       517,538       75,858  
Prepaid expenses
    5,684,638       8,840,112       1,295,729  
Other current assets
    9,960,117       14,819,774       2,172,190  
 
                 
Total current assets
    1,226,547,692       1,023,999,350       150,091,513  
 
                 
Property and equipment, net
    43,961,584       52,483,690       7,692,736  
Goodwill
    30,000,019       30,000,019       4,397,218  
Intangible assets, net
    2,192,265       943,359       138,272  
Other non-current assets
    28,966,622       30,537,915       4,476,059  
 
                 
Total assets
    1,331,668,182       1,137,964,333       166,795,798  
 
                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                       
Current liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable
    57,957,209       34,146,053       5,004,918  
Income taxes payable
    1,238,452       1,152,325       168,901  
Due to related parties
    4,528,560       8,119,389       1,190,090  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    83,233,309       81,888,166       12,002,662  
 
                 
Total current liabilities
    146,957,530       125,305,933       18,366,571  
 
                 
Other liabilities
    100,000       477,007       69,917  
 
                 
Total liabilities
    147,057,530       125,782,940       18,436,488  
 
                 
Commitments and contingencies
                       
Shareholders’ equity
                       
Series A preferred shares: US$0.01 par value; authorized shares: 8,205,620 issued and outstanding shares: Nil
                 
Series B preferred shares: US$0.01 par value authorized shares: 50,000,000 issued and outstanding shares: Nil
                 
Ordinary shares: US$0.01 par value; authorized shares: 150,000,000; issued shares as at December 31, 2007 and 2008: 23,073,671 and 23,073,671; outstanding shares as at December 31, 2007 and 2008: 22,318,501 and 22,513,519
    1,844,849       1,858,543       272,414  
High-vote ordinary shares: US$0.01 par value; authorized shares: 50,000,000; issued and outstanding shares: 28,550,704
    2,362,999       2,362,999       346,354  
Treasury stock, at cost (4,000,000 shares of common stock as at December 31 2008 and nil shares of common stock as at December 31 2007)
          (103,392,701 )     (15,154,665 )
Additional paid-in capital
    1,308,046,907       1,315,589,787       192,831,042  
Accumulated deficit
    (127,644,103 )     (204,237,235 )     (29,935,835 )
 
                 
Total shareholders’ equity
    1,184,610,652       1,012,181,393       148,359,310  
 
                 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
    1,331,668,182       1,137,964,333       166,795,798  
 
                 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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eLong, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008     2008  
    RMB     RMB     RMB     US$  
Revenues:
                               
Travel
    255,960,988       303,846,548       331,947,035       48,654,750  
Other
    8,582,692       11,550,123       16,478,511       2,415,319  
 
                       
Total revenues
    264,543,680       315,396,671       348,425,546       51,070,069  
Business tax and surcharges
    14,702,612       17,810,292       21,112,717       3,094,572  
Net revenues
    249,841,068       297,586,379       327,312,829       47,975,497  
Cost of services
    62,245,355       82,497,585       96,996,309       14,217,121  
 
                       
Gross profit
    187,595,713       215,088,794       230,316,520       33,758,376  
Operating expenses:
                               
Service development
    41,921,653       48,602,279       52,584,041       7,707,445  
Sales and marketing
    99,091,184       126,971,094       163,528,250       23,968,963  
General and administrative
    61,534,710       52,005,466       53,652,427       7,864,042  
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,060,000       1,060,000       848,906       124,427  
Charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets
          1,038,896       1,384,814       202,977  
 
                       
Loss from operations
    (16,011,834 )     (14,588,941 )     (41,681,918 )     (6,109,478 )
Other income (expenses):
                               
Interest income
    51,429,793       55,470,781       29,020,353       4,253,624  
Foreign exchange loss
    (33,016,052 )     (65,819,578 )     (60,937,889 )     (8,931,900 )
Other
    (10,775 )     131,630              
 
                       
Total other income (expenses), net
    18,402,966       (10,217,167 )     (31,917,536 )     (4,678,276 )
 
                       
Income/(loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense
    2,391,132       (24,806,108 )     (73,599,454 )     (10,787,754 )
Income tax expense
    2,835,259       885,343       2,993,678       438,795  
 
                       
Loss from continuing operations
    (444,127 )     (25,691,451 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense (including gain on disposal of RMB 2,649,682 in 2006)
    1,226,768       112,260              
Income tax expense of discontinued operations
    24,302       8,420              
 
                       
Total income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    1,202,466       103,840              
 
                       
Net income/(loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    758,339       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    282,072                    
 
                       
Net income/(loss)
    1,040,411       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
 
                       
Net income/(loss) per share
                               
Continuing operations
    (0.01 )     (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
Discontinued operations
    0.02       0.00 *            
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    0.01                    
 
                       
Net income/(loss) per share
    0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
 
                       
Diluted net income/ (loss) per share
                               
Continuing operations
    (0.01 )     (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
Discontinued operations
    0.02       0.00 *            
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    0.01                    
 
                       
Diluted net income/ (loss) per share
    0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )     (0.23 )
 
                       
     
*   Representing per share amount which is less than RMB 0.01.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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eLong,Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
                                                                                         
                                                                  Accumulated                
    Ordinary shares     High-vote Ordinary shares     Treasury stock     Additional           other           Total  
    Number         Number         Number of           paid-in     Deferred     comprehensive     Accumulated     shareholders’  
    of Shares     Amount     of Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     capital     compensation     income(loss)     deficit     equity  
          RMB           RMB           RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB     RMB  
January 1, 2006
    21,788,707       1,803,626       28,550,704       2,362,999                       1,214,810,902       (27,618,582 )     68,236       (103,096,903 )     1,088,330,278  
 
                                                                 
 
                                                                                       
Unrealized loss on investment securities, net of taxes of nil
                                                    (96,802 )           (96,802 )
Net income
                                                          1,040,411       1,040,411  
 
                                                                                     
Total comprehensive income
                                                                            943,609  
 
                                                                                     
Exercise of stock options and warrants
    319,922       25,211                               6,069,096                         6,094,307  
Amortization of mirror options granted to a common shareholder
                                                                 
Adoption of SFAS No.123R
                                                    (27,618,582 )     27,618,582                        
Share-based compensation cost
                                        10,260,600                         10,260,600  
Capital contribution from sale of business to entity under common control
                                        94,170,501                         94,170,501  
 
                                                                 
December 31, 2006
    22,108,629       1,828,837       28,550,704       2,362,999                   1,297,692,517             (28,566 )     (102,056,492 )     1,199,799,295  
 
                                                                 
 
                                                                                       
Realized loss on investment securities upon disposal, net of taxes of nil
                                                      28,566             28,566  
Net loss
                                                            (25,587,611 )     (25,587,611 )
 
                                                                                     
Total comprehensive loss
                                                                                    (25,559,045 )
 
                                                                                     
Exercise of stock options and warrants
    192,718       14,721                               3,135,130                         3,149,851  
Exercise of performance units
    17,154       1,291                               (1,291 )                        
Share-based compensation cost
                                        7,220,551                         7,220,551  
 
                                                                 
December 31, 2007
    22,318,501       1,844,849       28,550,704       2,362,999                   1,308,046,907                   (127,644,103 )     1,184,610,652  
 
                                                                 
 
Net loss and comprehensive loss
                                                            (76,593,132 )     (76,593,132 )
Exercise of stock options
    50,732       3,626                               553,317                         556,943  
Exercise of performance units
    140,954       9,832                               (9,832 )                        
Settlement of shares granted to independent directors
    3,332       236                               100,557                         100,793  
Share-based compensation cost
                                        6,898,838                         6,898,838  
Repurchase of ordinary shares
                            (4,000,000 )     (103,392,701 )                             (103,392,701 )
 
                                                                 
December 31, 2008
    22,513,519       1,858,543       28,550,704       2,362,999       (4,000,000 )     (103,392,701 )     1,315,589,787                   (204,237,235 )     1,012,181,393  
 
                                                                 
 
December 31, 2008 — US$
            272,414               346,354               (15,154,665 )     192,831,042                   (29,935,835 )     148,359,310  
 
                                                                       
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
                                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008     2008  
 
  RMB   RMB   RMB   US$
Cash flows from operating activities:
                               
Net income (loss)
    1,040,411       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )     (11,226,549 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by /(used in) operating activities:
                               
Minority interest (related to discontinued operations)
    (111,573 )                  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    (282,072 )                  
Foreign exchange loss
    33,258,502       65,917,833       61,081,290       8,952,919  
Charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets
          1,038,896       1,384,814       202,978  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    957,149       2,206,673       1,880,618       275,649  
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
    414,395       208,229       608,337       89,166  
Depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of intangible assets
    12,813,406       16,565,314       20,013,087       2,933,395  
Utilization of pre-acquisition net operating loss carry forwards
    4,083,112                    
Share-based compensation expense
    12,221,421       6,002,062       7,123,939       1,044,183  
Gain on discontinued operations
    (2,649,682 )                  
Deferred income tax (benefit)/expense
    (3,237,776 )     (1,682,525 )     826,679       121,170  
Gain on disposal of investment
          (134,089 )            
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of impact from acquisitions:
                               
Accounts receivable
    5,460,245       (14,497,502 )     (3,166,193 )     (464,081 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (996,705 )     (4,641,390 )     (9,440,406 )     (1,383,717 )
Other non-current assets
    (4,136,713 )     (18,257,591 )     (1,448,257 )     (212,277 )
Amounts due from related parties
    (462,059 )     (1,707,080 )     406,486       59,580  
Accounts payable
    10,374,149       23,449,811       (18,633,432 )     (2,731,174 )
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    6,134,981       (7,686,495 )     (1,800,781 )     (263,948 )
Amounts due to related parties
    1,672,376       1,154,821       3,203,577       469,561  
Other long-term liabilities
                477,006       69,917  
 
                       
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities
    76,553,567       42,349,356       (14,076,368 )     (2,063,228 )
Cash flows from investing activities:
                               
Purchase of property and equipment
    (20,661,826 )     (22,190,033 )     (32,860,203 )     (4,816,446 )
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
    (7,894,780 )     (250,000 )            
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment
    615,178       206,437       119,213       17,474  
Proceeds from disposal of business, net direct expense
    113,947,501             10,830,373 *     1,587,450 *
Proceeds from disposal of investment
                323,639       47,437  
Proceeds from short-term investment
                39,120,000       5,733,968  
Increase in restricted assets
    (11,384,231 )     (373,326 )            
Purchase of short-term investment
          (19,120,000 )     (655,016,833 )     (96,008,330 )
Payment relating to discontinued operations
          (15,567 )            
Payments made on behalf of related parties
    (1,636,646 )     (1,895,678 )     (4,016,726 )     (588,747 )
 
                       
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
    72,985,196       (43,638,167 )     (641,500,537 )     (94,027,194 )
Cash flows from financing activities:
                               
Repurchase of ordinary shares
                (103,392,701 )     (15,154,665 )
Exercise of stock options and stock warrants
    6,094,306       3,149,851       657,736       96,407  
Payments for initial public offering costs
    (8,487,133 )                  
Repayment of short-term loan
    (6,000,000 )                  
Proceeds from release of restricted cash, net of expenses
    75,706,911                    
Proceeds received on behalf of related parties
          4,777,439       4,403,978       645,508  
Payable to former shareholders
    26,693,515                    
Receipts in advance (refund) in relation to share option exercise
    1,132,594       (572,082 )            
 
                       
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities
    95,140,193       7,355,208       (98,330,987 )     (14,412,750 )
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash
    (33,916,633 )     (66,942,571 )     (62,997,444 )     (9,233,777 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    210,762,323       (60,876,174 )     (816,905,336 )     (119,736,949 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    988,560,356       1,199,322,679       1,138,446,505       166,866,472  
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
    1,199,322,679       1,138,446,505       321,541,169       47,129,523  
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
                               
Cash paid for income taxes
    1,963,628       14,238,145       4,095,258       600,258  
Accrual for purchase of equipment and software
    4,823,503       5,521,328       343,604       50,363  
     
*   The proceeds from disposal of business represents the cash received in 2008 in connection with the disposal to Match.com of the online dating business operated under the name of “eDodo” in 2006.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(1) ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
eLong, Inc. (the “Company” and through its consolidated subsidiaries and variable interest entities (VIEs), collectively the “Group”), is principally engaged in the provision of travel services, including hotel information and reservation services, airline reservations and ticketing, and to a lesser extent, internet-related advertising and other related services in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”).
The Company, through its subsidiaries, conducts its operations in the PRC through a series of agreements with various VIEs. These VIEs facilitate the Company’s participation in Internet content provision, short messaging, call center services, travel agency and air ticketing services, which are industries in the PRC in which foreign ownership is restricted. The Company does not have any direct equity interest in the VIEs. However, pursuant to certain agreements and arrangements with the VIEs and the shareholders of the VIEs, which include exclusive technical services agreements, equity pledge agreements, operating agreements and loan agreements, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs as it absorbs the VIEs’ losses and receives the VIEs residual returns to the extent such returns are paid as dividends. As a result, the financial position and results of the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, Expedia, Inc., through ownership of Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, controls approximately 95% and 96%, respectively, of the Company’s voting power and has the ability to control substantially all of the Company’s management and business operations.
(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a) Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries and VIEs. All significant transactions and balances between the Company, its subsidiaries and VIEs have been eliminated upon consolidation.
(b) Basis of presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).
(c) Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management of the Group to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include allowances for doubtful accounts, deferred income tax assets, provision for loyalty points, share-based compensation, the allocation of the purchase price of acquisitions, useful lives and residual values of property and equipment and intangible assets, and the recovery of the carrying values of long-lived assets, goodwill and intangible assets.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(d) Foreign currencies
The Group’s functional and reporting currency is the Renminbi (“RMB”). Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are measured at the exchange rate prevailing on the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the RMB are remeasured into RMB using the applicable exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) at the balance sheet dates. All such exchange gains and losses are included in “foreign exchange loss” in the consolidated statements of operations.
Translations of amounts from RMB into United States dollars (“US$”) are solely for the convenience of the reader and are calculated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB6.8225, representing the noon buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers of RMB, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, on December 31, 2008. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on December 31, 2008, or at any other rate.
(e) Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters. Liabilities for such contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.
(f) Revenue recognition
The Group’s revenues are principally derived from providing hotel reservations, air ticketing and other related travel services. The Group recognizes revenues when all of the following have occurred: persuasive evidence of arrangement with the customer, services have been performed, fees are fixed or determinable and collectability of the fees is reasonably assured, as prescribed by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (“SAB104”). These criteria as related to the Group’s revenues are considered to have been met as follows:
Hotel reservation services
The Group receives commissions from travel suppliers for hotel room reservations booked through the Group. Commissions from hotel reservation services rendered are recognized after hotel customers have completed their stay at the applicable hotel. The Group presents revenues from such transactions on a net basis in the consolidated statements of operations in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent (“EITF 99-19”), as the Group acts as an agent, does not assume any inventory risk, and has no obligations to the hotel for cancelled hotel reservations. Contracts with certain travel suppliers contain escalating commissions that are subject to achieving specific performance targets. Such escalating commissions are recognized when the performance targets have been achieved.
Air ticketing services
The Group receives commissions from travel suppliers for air ticketing services booked through the Group. Commissions from air ticketing services rendered are recognized upon the delivery of the ticket to the customer, net of estimated cancellations. Estimated cancellations were insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008. The Group presents revenues from such transactions on a net basis in the consolidated statements of operations in accordance with EITF 99-19, as the Group acts as an agent, does not assume any inventory risk, and has no obligations for cancelled airline ticket reservations. Contracts with certain airlines contain discretionary escalating commissions that are paid to the Group subject to achieving specific performance targets. Such discretionary escalating commissions are recognized on a cash basis because the Group cannot reasonably estimate such commissions.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Other travel services
Prior to March 31, 2008, the Company also provided Chinese hotel inventory procurement, rating and availability negotiating service to Travelscape LLC (“Travelscape”), which is controlled by Expedia Inc. and recognized revenue when Travelscape confirmed the revenue sharing amount based on a pre-agreed commission sharing rate.
Non- travel services
Non-travel services primarily comprise wireless services and Internet-related advertising services.
Revenue from Internet-related advertising contracts is recognized over the contractual advertisement display period. Revenue from the provision of wireless services is recognized when the services have been rendered, the amount can be reliably measured and there is no uncertainty of settlement with the telecom operators.
The Company’s subsidiaries and VIEs are subject to business tax and surcharges on the revenues generated from services rendered in China. Business tax and surcharges are recorded on a net basis (excluded from revenues) in the consolidated statement of operations.
(g) Income taxes
Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates or change in tax status is recognized in income in the period the change in tax rates or the tax law is enacted. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS No. 109”), the tax benefits associated with the utilization of pre-acquisition net operating losses carryforwards for which a valuation allowance was established at the date of the acquisition are recognized in the consolidated financial statements after the acquisition date as follows: (i) first to reduce to zero any goodwill related to the acquisition; (ii) second to reduce to zero other non-current intangible assets related to the acquisition; and (iii) third to reduce income tax expense.
In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”), the impact of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is recognized in the financial statements if that position is not more likely than not to be sustained upon an examination based on the technical merits of the position.
The Company has elected under APB Opinion No. 23, Accounting for Income Taxes—Special Areas (“APB 23”), to deem earnings and profits related to foreign subsidiary and VIEs as permanently reinvested. Accordingly, the Company has made no provision for income taxes that might result from repatriation of these earnings. As of December 31, 2008, the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiary and VIEs were RMB16,010,000.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(h) Share-based compensation
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Group accounted for employee share-based arrangements using the preferable fair value recognition provision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123”). Effective January 1, 2006, the Group adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123R”), which replaced SFAS No. 123 and superseded APB No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”). The Group adopted SFAS No. 123R using the modified prospective approach, and accordingly, prior periods have not been restated to reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123R. In accordance with SFAS No. 123R, all grants of stock options and performance units are recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on their grant date fair values. The valuation provisions of SFAS No. 123R apply to new awards granted after the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, to awards granted to employees before the adoption of SFAS No. 123R whose related requisite services had not been provided, and to awards which were subsequently modified or cancelled. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107 (“SAB No. 107”) relating to SFAS No. 123R. The Group has applied the provisions of SAB No. 107 in its adoption of SFAS No. 123R. In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB 110”). SAB 110 states that the staff will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) beyond December 31, 2007. Therefore, the Group continues to use the simplified method for estimating the expected term.
SFAS No. 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the date of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Share-based compensation cost was recorded net of estimated forfeitures such that expense was recorded only for those share-based awards that are expected to vest. Previously under SFAS No. 123, to the extent awards were forfeited prior to vesting, the corresponding previously recognized expense was reversed in the period of forfeiture. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Group recorded a cumulative effect of RMB 282,072 to account for the expected forfeitures of share-based awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 for which the Group previously recorded as an expense. As required by SFAS No. 123R, a balance of RMB 27,618,582 of deferred compensation on January 1, 2006, date of adoption, was eliminated against additional paid-in capital.
Under SFAS No. 123R, the Group applies the Black-Scholes valuation model in determining the fair value of options granted. Risk-free interest rates are based on US Treasury yield for the terms consistent with the expected life of award at the time of grant. Expected life is based on historical exercise patterns, which the Group believes are representative of future behavior. Expected dividend yield is determined in view of the Company’s historical dividend payout rate. The Group estimates expected volatility at the date of grant based on a combination of historical volatilities and volatilities of comparable companies. The Group recognizes compensation cost on all share-based awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical forfeiture and adjusted to reflect consideration for foreseeable future changes in facts and circumstances, if any.
Compensation cost related to 2006, 2007 and 2008 employee Performance Units, which are awards in the form of units that are denominated in a hypothetical equivalent number of the Company’s ordinary shares, which number of units are determined based on the fair market value of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date immediately preceding the grant date and which, when vested, are settled in either ordinary shares or cash. At the time of grant, the Company’s board of directors or the compensation committee determines if the Company will settle the Performance Units in cash, shares or both.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Settlement terms of Performance Units, once established, may only be changed by approval of the Company’s board of directors or the compensation committee. Except with respect to the Performance Units granted to each member of the board of directors who is not an employee of the Company or Expedia (or an Expedia affiliate) which are to be settled in cash, shares or both, Performance Units granted to employees during 2006 to 2008 are to be settled in ordinary shares. Those Performance Units granted during 2006 to 2008 to the Company’s directors who are not employees of the Company or Expedia (or an Expedia affiliate) are to be settled upon vesting by shares or cash that is equal to the fair market value of the vested ordinary shares on the vesting date. Forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical forfeiture and adjusted to reflect consideration for foreseeable future changes in facts and circumstances, if any.
Share-based compensation awards which are settled in cash upon vesting are classified as liabilities and included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Compensation cost related to liability-classified awards is determined based on the current share price at the balance sheet date, and the proportionate amount of the requisite service that has been rendered to date. Changes in fair value of the liability-classified awards after the requisite service period has been completed and before awards are vested are immediately recognized as compensation cost in the period in which the change in fair value occurs.
The Group accounts for equity instruments issued to each member of the board of directors who is not an employee of the Company or Expedia (or an Expedia affiliate) in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R and EITF 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services (“EITF 96-18”). All transactions in which goods or services are received in exchange for equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date of the fair value of the equity instrument issued is the date on which the counterparty’s performance is completed.
The Group uses the simplified method when calculating the expected life mainly because the Group does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected life due to the limited period of time the Group’s shares have been publicly traded.
(i) Loyalty points provision
Platinum, VIP and regular eLong members earn loyalty points based on their usage of the Group’s services. The Group provides travel awards and other non-cash gifts to the cardholders upon redemption of loyalty points that are accumulated based on the member’s transactions with the Group. The Group recognizes estimated costs to provide free travel and other non-cash gifts based on historical redemption rates. The liabilities for loyalty points are reduced upon the redemption or expiration of the loyalty points. The estimated costs are included in “sales and marketing expense” in the consolidated statements of operations and the estimated liabilities are included in “accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets.
(j) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions. The Group considers highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and with original maturities from the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. All cash and cash equivalents are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use.
(k) Short-term investment
Short-term investment, as of December 31, 2008, represents time deposits of more than three months, generally six or nine months duration held in commercial banks of RMB615,809,729 (2007: Nil) and a held-to-maturity debt security of RMB20,000,000 (2007: 19,120,000) reported at amortized cost with a maturity of less than one year. The Company assesses changes in the value of the debt security to determine whether any decline is other-than-temporary and impairment exists. This assessment is made by considering available evidence including changes in general market conditions, specific industry and individual company data, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the individual company, and the Company’s intent and ability to hold the debt security.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(l) Accounts receivable
Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount and is non-interest bearing. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Group’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Group’s existing accounts receivable. The Group reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts periodically and determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience, the aging of the accounts receivable balance and customer credit worthiness. Specific accounts are reviewed individually for collectability. Accounts receivable are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
(m) Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Group also capitalizes certain costs incurred during the application development stage related to the development of internal-use software in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) No. 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use, and EITF 00-2, Accounting for Web Site Development Costs. Costs incurred related to the planning and post-implementation phases of development are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives, taking into account any estimated residual value:
         
Capitalized software development cost
  3 years
Computer equipment and system software
  3-5 years
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment
  5 years
Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over 1 to 4 years which represents the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the assets.
(n) Goodwill and other intangible assets
Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. The Group follows the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if certain circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist. The Group performs its annual impairment assessment for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in December of each year.
The Group evaluates the recoverability of goodwill using a two-step impairment test approach at the reporting unit level. In the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value including goodwill. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined based upon the present value of estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, a second step is performed which compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the carrying value of the goodwill. In determining the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill, the fair values of the tangible net assets and recognized and unrecognized intangible assets are deducted from the fair value of the reporting unit. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill is lower than its carrying amount, goodwill is impaired and is written down to its implied fair value.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life.
The impairment test on indefinite-lived intangible assets that are not subject to amortization consists of a comparison of the fair value of an intangible asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of an intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.
(o) Impairment of long-lived assets
The Group evaluates for impairment of its long-lived assets to be held and used, including equipment and software, separately identifiable intangible assets which are subject to amortization and other non-current assets, when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value. Assets to be disposed off would be separately presented in the consolidated balance sheet and reported at the lower of carrying amount or estimated fair value less the costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated.
(p) Employee benefit plans
Under PRC law, the Group participates in various defined contribution plans pursuant to which certain retirement, medical and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. The Group is required to make contributions to these plans at a stated contribution rates based on monthly compensation of qualified employees. The Group has no obligation for the payment of employee benefits associated with these plans beyond the contributions payable during the period of the employee’s employment with the Group. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, the Group contributed RMB16,212,136, RMB17,820,361 and RMB23,479,445, respectively to these plans.
(q) Statutory reserves
Under PRC law, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are required to provide for certain statutory reserves, namely a general reserve, an enterprise expansion fund and a staff welfare and bonus fund. These subsidiaries are required to allocate at least 10% of their after tax profits on an individual company basis as determined under PRC GAAP to the general reserve and have the right to discontinue allocations to the general reserve if such reserve has reached 50% of registered capital on an individual company basis. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the Board of Directors of these subsidiaries. The Company’s VIEs in the PRC are also subject to similar statutory reserve requirements. These reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not transferable to the Company in the form of loans, advances, or cash dividends. As of December 31, 2008, the subsidiaries and VIEs in the PRC had appropriated RMB2,398,072 in general reserves and Nil in enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund. The appropriated general reserves have been included in accumulated deficit.
(r) Net income/ (loss) per share
Basic net income/ (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income/ (loss) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income/ (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income/ (loss) by the weighted average number of ordinary and dilutive ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Ordinary equivalent shares consist of the ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, stock warrants and the settlement of Performance Units. Ordinary equivalent shares in the diluted net income/ (loss) per share computation are excluded in net loss periods as their effect would be anti-dilutive. For the calculation of basic net income/ (loss) and diluted net income/ (loss), ordinary shares include ordinary shares and high-vote ordinary shares.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(s) Advertising expense
The Group incurs advertising expense consisting of radio, magazine and short messaging service (“SMS”) advertising, and online internet advertising expense to promote the Group’s brand and services. The Group expenses the production costs associated with advertisements in the period in which the advertisement first takes place. The Group expenses the costs of communicating the advertisement as incurred each time the advertisement is shown. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007, and 2008, the advertising expense was RMB12,393,014, RMB18,742,438 and RMB34,707,335, respectively, recorded as a component of sales and marketing expenses. As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, the Group had RMB941,711 and RMB116,481, respectively, of prepaid marketing expenses which are included in “prepaid expenses and other current assets” in the consolidated balance sheets.
(t) Segment reporting
The Group operates and manages its business as two reportable segments—Hotel and Air. In accordance with SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segment of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Group’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Group. The Group does not allocate any assets to its hotel and air segments as management does not use this information to measure the performance of the reportable segments.
The Group generates substantially all revenues from customers in the PRC. Accordingly, no geographical segments are presented.
(u) Operating leases
The Group leases office space under operating lease agreements with original lease periods of up to four years. Rental expenses are recognized from the date of initial possession of the leased property on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Certain lease agreements contain rent holidays, which are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease renewal periods are considered on a lease-by-lease basis and are generally not included in the initial lease term.
(v) Financial instruments
Financial instruments of the Group are primarily comprised of cash and cash equivalents, restricted assets, accounts receivable, short-term investments, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other payables. As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, their carrying value approximated their fair value due to their short term nature.
(w) Treasury stock
During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Group repurchased 2,000,000 ADSs at a cost of US$15 million including brokerage commission. The ADSs repurchased by the Group are no longer outstanding. The repurchase of ADSs is accounted for under the cost method whereby the entire cost of the acquired stock is recorded as treasury stock.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(x) Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R (Revised), Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R establishes requirements for the recognition and measurement of acquired assets, liabilities, goodwill, and non-controlling interests (formerly minority interests). SFAS No. 141R also provides disclosure requirements related to business combinations. SFAS No. 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. SFAS No. 141R will be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Group is in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R on the consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 amends ARB No. 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. This Statement is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Group believes there will be no material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of SFAS No. 160.
In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB 110”). SAB 110 states that the staff will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) beyond December 31, 2007. Therefore, the Group continues to use the simplified method for estimating the expected term.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”), which is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities, including how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The Group does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 161 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. SFAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS No. 142”). The intent of FSP FAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141(R) and other applicable accounting literature. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Group does not expect the adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The Group does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 162 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(3) ACQUISITIONS AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Raytime
In May 2006, the Group sold Raytime BVI and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Golden VIP, and ZM VIP (collectively, “Raytime”) for RMB1,500,000 to the original selling shareholders of Raytime. The sale proceeds were not received in cash, but reduced the remaining RMB4,000,000 payable by the Group to the original selling shareholders of Raytime by RMB1,500,000. The Group recorded a gain on disposal of RMB 2,649,682 in May 2006, representing the excess of the selling price over the carrying amount of the Group’s investment in these entities on the date of sale.
Online Dating Division
During the third quarter of 2006, the Group sold its online dating business to Match.com, an entity under common control with the controlling shareholder of the Group, for US$14,625,000 (RMB114,780,017). As this transaction was between entities under common control, the proceeds in excess of the carrying value of the net assets sold of RMB 94,170,501 were recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital.
The financial results of Raytime and the interactive online dating community businesses have been reflected as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and related disclosures. As a result, the footnote disclosures have been revised to exclude the amounts related to the financial results of the Raytime and interactive online dating community businesses. The consolidated statements of cash flows include both discontinued operations for all periods presented through the date of disposition.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
The following table displays summarized information for discontinued operations:
                         
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Revenues
    13,173,371              
Earnings before income tax
    1,226,768       112,260        
Income tax expense
    24,302       8,420        
(4) RESTRICTED ASSETS
As of December 31, 2007, the US$1,543,434 (RMB11,274,166) deposited in an Escrow bank account as guarantees to meet the requirements of disposal of the online dating division was due within one year and therefore classified as current “restricted assets” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. In 2008, this entire amount was collected.
(5) ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Accounts receivable consists of the following:
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2008  
Accounts receivable
    42,933,362       45,987,075  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (1,795,120 )     (3,516,047 )
 
           
Accounts receivable, net
    41,138,242       42,471,028  
 
           
The following table presents movement of the allowance for accounts receivable:
                         
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Balance at the beginning of year
    4,128,344       4,192,172       1,795,120  
Additions charged to bad debt expense
    809,147       1,596,659       1,833,407  
Write-offs charged against the allowance
    (745,319 )     (3,993,711 )     (112,480 )
 
                 
Balance at the end of year
    4,192,172       1,795,120       3,516,047  
 
                 
(6) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment consists of the following:
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2008  
Computer equipment
    36,147,057       43,235,392  
Furniture and office equipment
    7,860,456       8,091,043  
Leasehold improvements
    7,608,024       6,584,550  
Purchased software
    20,177,194       25,435,464  
Capitalized software development costs
    6,446,696       16,475,292  
 
           
 
    78,239,427       99,821,741  
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (37,324,263 )     (50,597,909 )
Projects in progress
    3,046,420       3,259,858  
 
           
Property and equipment, net
    43,961,584       52,483,690  
 
           

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Depreciation expense for property and equipment was RMB11,753,406, RMB15,505,314 and RMB19,164,181 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, the Group’s capitalized software development costs, including projects in progress, net of accumulated amortization, were RMB5,929,193 and RMB 13,803,961 respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007, and 2008, the Group recorded amortization relating to capitalized software development costs of RMB1,066,682 , RMB1,785,945 and RMB 2,964,220, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Group suspended its offering of vacation package products. As a result, the vacation package business’ property and equipment was written down to its fair value and the Group recognized a charge of RMB545,216 during the year ended December 31, 2007.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, after implementation of new system and business operation procedures, the Group determined that the replaced systems would no longer provide a future benefit and therefore changed the estimated useful lives of these assets to zero and recognized a charge of RMB984,814 for the year ended December 31, 2008, which is included in “charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets.”
(7) GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill and intangible assets consists of the following:
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2008  
 
               
Goodwill
    30,000,019       30,000,019  
 
           
 
               
Intangible assets with definite lives, net
    1,792,265       943,359  
 
               
Intangible asset with indefinite life
    400,000        
 
           
 
               
Total intangible assets, net
    2,192,265       943,359  
 
           
The Group’s goodwill arose from acquisitions in the previous years. As a result of the impairment tests undertaken of identifiable goodwill, no impairment charge for goodwill was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Group recorded impairment charges of RMB493,680, which is included in “charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets”, in relation to customer list of Fortune Trip. The impairment mainly resulted from a significant decline in forecasted sales and cash flows from Fortune Trip due to its inability to maintain active customers that contribute revenue to the Group. These factors resulted in the carrying value of the customer list being greater than its fair value, and therefore a write-down to fair value was required. No impairment charge for the customer list was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2008.
The Group’s indefinite-lived intangible asset is a trade name acquired in the acquisition of Fortune Trip. The Group does not intend to actively use the Fortune Trip trade name. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Group recorded an impairment charge for the remaining value of the trade name of RMB400,000, which is included in “charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Intangible assets with definite lives consist of the following:
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2008  
Customer lists
    5,051,240       5,051,240  
Less: accumulated amortization
    (3,258,975 )     (4,107,881 )
 
           
 
    1,792,265       943,359  
 
           
Useful lives of intangible assets with definite lives
    5       5  
Amortization expense was RMB1,060,000, RMB1,060,000 and RMB848,906 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. The annual estimated amortization expense of the acquired intangible assets for each of the next five years is as follows:
         
    Amortization  
2009
    628,906  
2010
    314,453  
2011
     
2012
     
2013
     
 
     
Total
    943,359  
 
     
(8) ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2008  
Accrual payroll and welfare
    14,515,756       10,076,423  
Accrued loyalty points program expenses
    12,099,438       13,278,634  
Other accrued expenses
    23,295,036       24,176,330  
Other payables
    3,458,133       4,402,010  
Receipts in advance for exercise of share option
    8,898       8,898  
Advances and deposits from customers
    1,976,560       4,054,393  
Expedia Asia Pacific mirror share option
    114,850        
Business and other taxes
    3,410,000       3,103,891  
Payable to former shareholders
    24,354,638       22,787,587  
 
           
 
               
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    83,233,309       81,888,166  
 
           
In April 2006, the Group received US$3,334,151 of released escrow funds on behalf of former selling shareholders in relation to the sale of shares held by Billable Development Ltd., Ms. Wang Gui Ying and Mr. Wang Yi Jie to Expedia Asia Pacific in 2004. As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008, the amounts payable to these former shareholders was RMB24,354,638 and RMB22,787,587, respectively, with the fluctuation due to changes in the RMB:U.S. dollar exchange rate.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(9) REVENUES
Revenues by category consist of the following:
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Travel:
                       
Hotel reservation
    209,275,155       240,803,384       253,457,540  
Air ticketing
    38,287,644       57,455,084       77,205,429  
Other
    8,398,189       5,588,080       1,284,066  
 
                 
Total travel revenues
    255,960,988       303,846,548       331,947,035  
 
                 
Non-travel
    8,582,692       11,550,123       16,478,511  
 
                 
Total revenues
    264,543,680       315,396,671       348,425,546  
 
                 
(10) INCOME TAXES
The Company, its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs file separate income tax returns.
Cayman
Under the current laws of Cayman Islands, the Company is not subject to tax on their income or capital gains. In addition, no Cayman Islands withholding tax is imposed upon any payments of dividends.
China
Prior to January 1, 2008 the Company’s subsidiaries and VIEs in China were subject to Corporate Income Tax (“CIT”) at a rate of 33%. As described below, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries and VIEs were subject to preferential rates ranging from 15% to 27% and income tax holidays.
eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“eLong Information”), a subsidiary of the Group, obtained the status of a “High New Technology Enterprise” in November 2006 and was entitled to a preferential CIT rate of 15% from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2007.
Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Information”), a VIE of the Group, obtained the status of a “High New Technology Enterprise” that entitled it to a preferential CIT rate of 15% from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2007. Beijing Information was also granted a “tax holiday” for exemption of CIT for three years from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003, and with a 50% reduction in CIT liabilities (i.e. effectively at 7.5% tax rate) from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2006.

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Further, certain branches of the VIEs are taxed at 27% of deemed taxable income. The taxable income is determined based on the deemed profit method with the current deemed profit rate of 10%.
In March 2007, the PRC enacted a new CIT Law and promulgated related regulations which were effective January 1, 2008, which imposes a unified income tax rate of 25% for both domestic and foreign invested enterprises. The newly enacted laws also provided for certain enterprises to qualify for the status of a “High New Technology Enterprise” and enjoy a preferential CIT rate of 15%. eLong Information and Beijing Information have been certified as “High New Technology Enterprise” under the new CIT law by the relevant authorities for fiscal year 2008. Therefore, eLong Information and Beijing Information enjoy a reduced CIT rate of 15% for fiscal year of 2008.
In addition, Hangzhou eLong Air Service Co., Ltd. is taxed at 25% of deemed taxable income which is determined based on the deemed profit method with the current deemed profit rate of 10%. Shenzhen branch of Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd. is taxed at 18% based on Regulations on Special Economic Zones in Guangdong Province.
The new CIT Law also imposes a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by a foreign invested enterprise to its immediate holding company outside the PRC, which were exempted under the previous income tax laws and rules. The 10% withholding tax rate can be further reduced based on the tax arrangement/tax treaty between China and the other respective jurisdiction. The undistributed earnings generated before January 1, 2008 shall be exempted from withholding tax when such earnings are distributed to the foreign investor in the year 2008 or thereafter. The Company’s specific subsidiary is currently in a profit position but the APB23 exception retained by SFAS No. 109 is applicable to the Company as sufficient evidence shows that the subsidiary has invested or will invest the undistributed earnings indefinitely. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2008, the Group has not recorded any withholding tax.
Under the new CIT Law, a company incorporated outside of the PRC, but having effective management in the PRC will be considered a PRC tax resident and will be subject to PRC CIT on its worldwide income. The Implementation Regulations of the new CIT Law further define effective management as the “substantive comprehensive management and control of the production, business, personnel, finance and assets of a company”.
Currently, Expedia, Inc., through Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, controls approximately 96% of the voting power of the Company’s voting stock. In addition, certain other shareholders are parties to an investors agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited under which they have agreed to vote their ordinary shares in the election of directors designated by Expedia, Inc. Accordingly, Expedia, Inc. generally is able to exercise control over all matters requiring approval by our board of directors or our shareholders. Nevertheless, it is possible that the PRC tax authorities would treat eLong, Inc. as a PRC tax resident, and, if so, that the Company would be subject to PRC CIT on its worldwide income and that such determination may have retroactive effect.
The Company’s consolidated income (loss) before income taxes consisted of:
                         
    For the year ended December31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
 
                       
Cayman
    (7,478,861 )     (22,639,736 )     (47,494,616 )
PRC
    9,869,993       (2,166,372 )     (26,104,838 )
 
                 
Total
    2,391,132       (24,806,108 )     (73,599,454 )
 
                 

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Income tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations consists of:
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Current
    6,073,035       2,567,868       2,166,999  
Deferred
    (3,237,776 )     (1,682,525 )     826,679  
 
                 
Total
    2,835,259       885,343       2,993,678  
 
                 
For the year ended December 31, 2006, the current tax expense included charges in lieu of tax in respect to the utilization of pre-acquisition net operating losses of RMB 4,083,112.
The significant components of deferred income tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 are as follows:
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Deferred tax benefit (exclusive of the effect of the component below)
    (1,038,082 )     (1,763,334 )     (4,322,294 )
Increase/(decrease) in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
    (2,199,694 )     80,809       5,148,973  
 
                 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
    (3,237,776 )     (1,682,525 )     826,679  
 
                 
The impact of tax holiday on income (loss) from continuing operations was RMB115,680 (nil per share), nil and nil in the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
Income tax expense (benefit) differed from the amounts computed by applying the PRC enterprise income tax rate of 33% for 2006 and 2007, and 25% for 2008 to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations as a result of the following:
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Computed expected tax (benefit) expense at PRC statutory rates
    789,073       (8,186,016 )     (18,399,863 )
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
                       
Change in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets allocated to income tax expense
    (2,199,694 )     80,809       5,148,973  
Adjustment to deferred tax assets and liabilities for changes in enacted tax rates
    1,685,801       (3,180 )     459,128  
Expired net operating loss carry forwards
          314,985       286,655  
Effect of tax exemption and reduction inside PRC
    (115,680 )            
Effect of differing tax rates in different jurisdictions inside PRC
    (2,100,638 )     (78,000 )     3,009,342  
Effect of differing tax rates in jurisdiction outside PRC
    2,468,024       7,471,113       11,873,654  
Prior year tax return true up
          (1,064,117 )     169,787  
Non deductible entertainment expenses
    160,214       90,453       115,547  
Non deductible personnel expenses
    1,768,487       1,123,265        
Non deductible allowance for doubtful accounts
    97,612       576,746       366,536  
Nonqualified tax deductions
    243,759       187,450        
Others
    38,301       371,835       (36,081 )
 
                 
Income tax expense
    2,835,259       885,343       2,993,678  
 
                 

 

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Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
The Group’s effective tax rate from continuing operations was 118.6%, (3.6%), (4.1%) in the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
According to the PRC Tax Administration and Collection Law, the statute of limitations is three years for underpayment of taxes due to computational errors made by the taxpayer or the withholding agent. The statute of limitations will be extended to five years under special circumstances, which are not clearly defined. In the case of transfer pricing issues, the statute of limitations is three years, and will be extended to ten years under special circumstances, which are not clearly defined. There is no statute of limitations in the case of tax evasion. The Group’s 2004 to 2008 tax returns remain subject to examination by the PRC tax authorities. The Group did not have any unrecognized tax benefits for the year ended December 31, 2008, and it does not expect that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change significantly within the next 12 months. No interest or penalty related to unrecognized uncertain tax positions was recorded in the 2006, 2007 and 2008 consolidated financial statements.
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented below.
                 
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2007     2008  
Deferred tax assets:
               
Operating loss carryforwards
    1,045,976       3,365,883  
Operating loss carryforwards, pre-acquisition
    1,127,070       1,136,556  
Property and equipment
    255,741       110,030  
Accrued expenses
    3,750,254       2,830,607  
 
           
Total gross deferred tax assets
    6,179,041       7,443,076  
Less: valuation allowance
    (1,675,617 )     (6,824,590 )
 
           
Net deferred tax assets
    4,503,424       618,486  
 
           
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Intangible asset with indefinite life
    100,000        
Intangible assets with definite lives
    516,486       235,842  
Restricted assets
    2,677,615        
 
           
Total deferred tax liabilities
    3,294,101       235,842  
 
           
Total net deferred tax assets
    1,209,323       382,644  
 
           
Deferred tax assets, net:
               
— Current, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,072,639       22,924  
— Non-current, included in other non-current assets
    236,684       359,720  
Deferred tax liabilities, included in other liabilities:
    100,000        
The amount included in the change in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets was an increase (decrease) in the beginning-of-the-year balance of the valuation allowance because the Company utilized the net operating loss carryforwards before 2006, the partial net operating loss carryforward expired in 2007 and cumulative book losses in recent years including 2008 caused a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. Such amounts were RMB(387,167), RMB598,915 and RMB1,034,991 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, and were primarily due to certain allowances for accrued expenses and net operation loss carryforward.
The gross amount of operating loss carryforwards which will expire between 2009 and 2013 are as follows: RMB2,414,459 in 2009, RMB4,122,083 in 2010, RMB648,367 in 2011, RMB420,273 in 2012, and RMB16, 687,585 in 2013.
Goodwill was reduced by RMB4,083,112, nil and nil for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, for the utilization of acquired tax benefits that were previously reduced by the valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2008, the amount of valuation allowance associated with pre-acquisition net operating losses was RMB900,714.
In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the temporary differences become deductible or utilized. The Group considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon an assessment of the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible or can be utilized, management has provided a valuation allowance of RMB1,675,617 and RMB6,824,590 as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
After reducing the deferred tax assets by the valuation allowance, the deferred tax assets were RMB1,309,323 and RMB382,644 as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, which represent the deferred tax assets of entities that have been profitable and therefore are more likely than not to be realized. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income are reduced.
(11) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCY
The Group has several non-cancelable operating leases, primarily for office rent. Payments under operating leases, including periodic rent escalation, are charged as expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year) as of December 31, 2008 are:
         
    Minimum  
    lease  
    payments  
2009
    11,689,329  
2010
    10,430,218  
2011
    10,154,346  
2012
    9,445,518  
2013
     
 
     
Total
    41,719,411  
 
     
Rental expenses incurred under operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 amounted to RMB9,643,785, RMB11,183,306 and RMB11,303,649, respectively.
(12) SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock options
In April 2001, the Company adopted the stock option plan (the “2001 Plan”) pursuant to which the Company’s Board of Directors may grant stock options to selected directors, officers, key employees and consultants of the Group. The Plan authorizes the Company to grant options to purchase up to 4,000,000 ordinary shares. On August 26, 2003, the Company increased the number of ordinary shares authorized to be issued under the 2001 Stock Option Plan to 5,500,000.
In July 2004, the Company adopted a stock and annual incentive plan (the “2004 Plan”) that allows the Board of Directors to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock or Performance Units to officers, employees, directors or consultants of the Group to purchase up to an aggregate of 4,000,000 shares of ordinary shares. On December 13, 2006, the Company amended the 2004 Plan to allow grant of Performance Units to non-employees under the 2004 Plan.
The options under both the 2001 Plan and 2004 Plan have a contractual life of ten years and generally vest and become exercisable ratably over three to five years from the date of grant, except the options granted in 2001 which do not require future services nor contain a performance or market condition and are expensed on the grant date.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options granted during 2006, 2007 and 2008 are summarized in the following table.
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Weighted average grant date fair value per share
  $ 3.49     $ 2.81     $ 2.13  
Weighted average assumptions used
                       
Expected volatility
    50 %     55 %     55 %
Expected dividends
                 
Expected life
  6.35 years     6.5 years     5.88 years  
Risk-free interest rate (per annum)
    4.22 %     4.43 %     3.25 %
A summary of stock options activity under the 2001 Plan for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 is as follows:
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average     Aggregated  
            average     Remaining     Intrinsic  
    Number     exercise     Contractual     Value (In  
    of Shares     price     Term     thousands)  
Balance at December 31, 2006
    3,267,681     US$ 0.66                  
Granted
                           
Exercised
    (161,718 )   US$ 1.53                  
Forfeited
    (15,096 )   US$ 1.53                  
Expired
    (20,000 )   US$ 1.53                  
 
                           
Balance at December 31, 2007
    3,070,867     US$ 0.61                  
Granted
                           
Exercised
    (50,732 )   US$ 1.53                  
Forfeited
                           
Expired
                           
 
                           
Balance at December 31, 2008
    3,020,135     US$ 0.59     2.52 years     US$ 8,932  
 
                       
Fully vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2008
    3,020,135     US$ 0.59     2.52 years     US$ 8,932  
 
                       
The unvested number of option as of December 31, 2008 under the 2001 plan is nil.
A summary of stock options activity under the 2004 Plan for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 is as follows:
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average     Aggregated  
            average     Remaining     Intrinsic  
    Number     exercise     Contractual     Value (In  
    of Shares     price     Term     thousands)  
Balance at December 31, 2006
    1,438,275     US$ 5.53                  
Granted
    711,112     US$ 4.80                  
Exercised
    (31,000 )   US$ 5.25                  
Forfeited
    (495,714 )   US$ 5.27                  
Expired
    (59,124 )   US$ 5.51                  
 
                           
Balance at December 31, 2007
    1,563,549     US$ 5.29                  
Granted
    60,000     US$ 3.94                  
Exercised
                           
Forfeited
    (149,125 )   US$ 5.04                  
Expired
    (654,862 )   US$ 5.58                  
 
                           
Balance at December 31, 2008
    819,562     US$ 5.01     7.05 years     US$  
 
                       
Unvested as of December 31, 2008
    304,890     US$ 4.54     8.60 years     US$  
 
                       
Fully vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2008
    514,672     US$ 5.29     6.13 years     US$  
 
                       

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
The aggregated intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2008 was calculated based on the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on December 31, 2008 of US$7.10 per ADS (equivalent to US$3.55 per share). The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 was US$1.4 million, US$0.6 million and US$0.1 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2008, there was RMB25,060,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 3.8 years. Total unrecognized compensation cost may be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures.
Expedia Options
On August 4, 2004, in connection with the sale of the Series B preferred shares, the Company issued to Expedia Asia Pacific an option to purchase 711,429 ordinary shares at an exercise price of US$5.25 per share. The option mirrors the terms and conditions of the 1.66 million options granted to certain of the Company’s employees and officers on July 23, 2004 under the 2004 Plan. The option becomes exercisable by Expedia Asia Pacific each time any such officer or employee exercises any of such 1.66 million options. In connection with each exercise by an employee or officer, Expedia Asia Pacific is entitled to exercise a portion of its option such that Expedia Asia Pacific would receive (if Expedia Asia Pacific exercises to the fullest extent in connection with such employee or officer exercise) 30% of the aggregate ordinary shares issued to such employee or officer and Expedia Asia Pacific in connection with such employee or officer exercise. To the extent that any such officer’s or employee’s options terminate or expire without being exercised, an amount of Expedia Asia Pacific’s option equal to 30% of (i) such officer’s or employee’s terminated or expired options divided by (ii) 0.70, will likewise terminate or expire. As of December 31, 2008, 554,893 options granted to Expedia Asia Pacific on August 4, 2004 had been forfeited as a result of the forfeiture or expiration of the options of the relevant eLong employees. As of December 31, 2008, Expedia Asia Pacific held an option to purchase up to 156,536 ordinary shares.
In addition, on October 1, 2004, the Company entered into a stock option agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific pursuant to which, in exchange for Expedia Asia Pacific giving its consent to the issuance of 250,000 options to certain of the Company’s officers, the Company granted Expedia Asia Pacific an option to purchase up to 260,204 of the Company’s ordinary shares at a purchase price of US$5.25 per share. The option mirrors the provision of 250,000 options granted to the Company’s officers on October 1, 2004. As of December 31,2008, all of these options have been forfeited.
The 260,204 Expedia Asia Pacific options were classified as a liability and re-measured to its fair value each reporting period until settlement. As of December 2007 and 2008, the liability corresponding to the Expedia Asia Pacific options was RMB114,850 and nil, respectively.
The following table presents a summary of the Company’s stock options (excluding the mirror options granted to Expedia Asia Pacific) outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2008:
                                         
    Options Outstanding     Options Exercisable  
                    Weighted Average                
            Weighted     Remaining             Weighted  
    Shares (In     Average Price     Contractual Life     Shares (In     Average  
Range of Exercise Prices   thousands)     Per Share     (Years)     thousands)     Exercise Price  
$0.10 - $2.00
    3,020     $ 0.59       2.52       3,020     $ 0.59  
$2.01 - $4.00
    110     $ 3.91       8.99       30     $ 3.91  
$4.01 - $6.00
    650     $ 5.04       6.83       425     $ 5.18  
$6.01 - $8.00
    59     $ 6.75       5.84       59     $ 6.75  
 
                             
$0.10 - $8.00
    3,839     $ 1.54       3.49       3,534     $ 1.28  

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Performance Units
Performance Units are rights to receive the Company’s ordinary shares, or in some cases, a cash award linked to the Company’s ordinary share value. Most Performance Units vest ratably over a five-year period, are not entitled to dividends or voting rights, and are generally converted to ordinary shares upon vesting on a one-for-one basis. When the Performance Unit grants are settled in cash, the cash amount is set at the equivalent of the fair market value of the number of the Company’s ordinary shares that the grantee would have received on a particular vesting date, had the grant been settled in shares.
The cost of the Performance Unit awards was determined using the fair value (based on the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares on the date immediately preceding the grant date) of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of grant, net of expected forfeitures, and compensation cost was recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting term. The balance for the cash settled performance units of RMB278,036 has been included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”
A summary of equity-settled Performance Units activity under the 2004 Plan for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 is as follows:
                 
            Weighted average  
    Number of Shares     grant date fair value  
Balance at December 31, 2006
    294,924     US$ 6.37  
Granted
    545,880     US$ 4.83  
Settled
    (17,154 )   US$ 6.46  
Forfeited
    (297,422 )   US$ 5.92  
Cancelled
    (1,856 )   US$ 7.12  
Balance at December 31, 2007
    524,372     US$ 5.02  
Granted
    1,056,796     US$ 4.02  
Settled
    (140,954 )   US$ 5.14  
Forfeited
    (257,258 )   US$ 4.51  
Cancelled
           
 
           
Balance at December 31, 2008
    1,182,956     US$ 4.22  
 
           
Fully vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2008
    30,156     US$ 4.31  
 
           
A summary of cash-settled Performance Units activity under the 2004 Plan for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 is as follows:
         
    Number of Shares  
Balance at December 31, 2006
    30,000  
Granted
    20,000  
Settled
     
Forfeited
    (6,666 )
Cancelled
     
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2007
    43,334  
Granted
    75,328  
Settled
    (36,664 )
Forfeited
    (3,334 )
Cancelled
     
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2008
    78,664  
 
     
Fully vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2008
     
 
     
Share based compensation allocation for the year end December 31 2006, 2007, 2008 is as follows:
                         
    For the year ended December31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
 
                       
Cost of services
    135,095       210,764       324,824  
Service development
    2,760,459       2,983,797       2,320,096  
Sales and marketing
    572,952       680,315       972,150  
General and administrative
    8,752,915       2,127,186       3,506,869  
 
                 
Total
    12,221,421       6,002,062       7,123,939  
 
                 

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Warrants
In August 2003, the Company issued warrants to purchase 600,000 of the Company’s ordinary shares at an exercise price of US$0.75 per share to Broadband Capital Management LLC (“Broadband”), and two outside consultants, in consideration for investment banking services provided to the Company in respect of the private placement of US$15 million aggregate principal amount of Series A preferred shares in August 2003. The Company accounted for the warrants issued to Broadband and the two consultants in accordance with SFAS No. 123 and EITF 96-18. The fair value of the warrants granted was RMB4,818,960 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (excluding a volatility assumption as the Company was a non-public entity at the date the warrants were issued). The assumptions used in determining the fair value of the warrants included an expected dividend yield of 0%, a risk free interest rate of 2.9%, and an expected life of 10 years. The estimated fair value of the warrants of RMB4,818,960 was charged against the gross proceeds of the Series A preferred shares as such costs were incremental and specifically and directly attributable to the actual placement of such securities.
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, no warrants were exercised into ordinary shares. As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, the number of warrants outstanding and exercisable was 15,121, of which 15,000 warrants were exercised in February 2009.
(13) ORDINARY SHARES
Ordinary Shares
During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, the Company issued 319,922, 209,872 and 195,018 ordinary shares to certain of its option and Performance Units holders for an aggregate exercise price of US$772,628 (RMB6,094,307), US$410,583 (RMB3,149,851) and US$77,747 (RMB556,943), respectively.
Since 2006, to facilitate the employee stock option exercise process, the Company issued depositary shares to its brokers. These shares are not considered outstanding until issued to the employees as a result of the exercise of stock options. As of December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, 915,042, 755,170 and 560,152 depositary shares were issued to brokers and not to the shareholders.
High-Vote Ordinary Shares
Expedia Asia Pacific or its affiliate, Expedia, held 11,188,570 high-vote ordinary shares as a result of the automatic conversion on December 17, 2004 of all outstanding Series B Preferred Shares.
Expedia Asia Pacific beneficially holds 28,550,704 high-vote ordinary shares, which constitute all of the Company’s outstanding high-vote ordinary shares and, as a result, controls approximately 95% and 96% of the voting power of all shares of the Company’s voting stock as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively. In addition, certain other shareholders are parties to an investor agreement with Expedia Asia Pacific under which they have agreed to vote their ordinary shares in the election of directors designated by Expedia Asia Pacific. Expedia Asia Pacific has the ability to control the composition of the Company’s Board of Directors, including the ability to nominate new or replacement directors and vote their shares to elect them and the right to vote their shares to remove members of the Board of Directors.
The rights of the ordinary shares and high-vote ordinary shares are the same except that each high-vote ordinary share is entitled to 15 votes, whereas each ordinary share is entitled to one vote.
Treasury stock
From the commencement of the Company’s share buyback program in March 2008 through December 31, 2008, the Company repurchased 2,000,000 ADSs at a cost of USD$15.0 million (RMB103.4 million).

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(14) EARNINGS (LOSS) PER ORDINARY SHARE
Potentially dilutive securities that could potentially dilute basic earnings per ordinary share include stock options and Performance Units granted to employees, directors and non-employees and stock warrants granted to non-employees. In 2007 and 2008, ordinary equivalent shares in the diluted loss per ordinary share computation are excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share have been calculated as follows:
                         
    For the year ended December 31,  
    2006     2007     2008  
Net income (loss) applicable to ordinary shareholders
    1,040,411       (25,587,611 )     (76,593,132 )
 
                 
Denominator for basic income (loss) per share:
                       
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding
    50,391,885       50,756,869       49,784,263  
 
                 
Denominator for diluted income (loss) per share:
    53,749,470       50,756,869       49,784,263  
 
                 
Basic income (loss) per share
    0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )
Diluted income (loss) per share
    0.02       (0.51 )     (1.54 )
 
                 
(15) CONCENTRATION OF RISKS
Credit and concentration risks
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, and prepaid expenses and other current assets represent the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to financial assets. As of December 31, 2007 and 2008, substantially all of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held in major financial institutions located in the PRC, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the United States, which management believes are of generally high credit quality. Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and denominated in RMB, and are derived from revenues earned from operations arising in the PRC. The Group performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable. The Group maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts and actual losses have been within management’s expectations.
The Group has a diversified base of customers. No individual customer contributed to more than 10% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008. No individual customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2007 and 2008.
The Group does not have concentrations of available sources of labors, services, franchises, licenses or other rights that could, if suddenly eliminated, severely impact its operations.
Business and economic risks
The Group’s business is subject to certain risks and concentrations including risks relating to the condition of the economy, outbreak of disease or the occurrence of natural or man-made disaster, dependence on relationships with travel suppliers, primarily airlines and hotels, dependence on third-party technology providers, exposure to risks associated with online commerce security and credit card fraud.
The Group conducts its principal operations in the PRC and accordingly is subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with investments in equity securities of United States and Western European companies. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic, legal environment and social uncertainties in the PRC, influence of the China National Tourism Administration over certain aspects of the Group’s operations and competition in the travel agency industry.
The Group is currently targeting the Chinese market. The Chinese government regulates internet access, the distribution of online news and other information, the provision of online commerce and provision of travel agency services through strict business licensing requirements and other governmental regulations. These regulations include limiting foreign ownership in Chinese companies providing Internet access, information and other online Internet services and travel agency services. Management, after consultation and advice from PRC legal counsel, is of the opinion that the Group’s business complies with existing Chinese laws and regulations. However, the interpretation and application of current or proposed requirements and regulations may have an adverse effect on the Group’s business, financial condition and result of operations.
Foreign exchange risk.
The value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. The conversion of RMB into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, is based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China. Currently, the RMB is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. In the future, the PRC government may adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in increased exchange rate volatility and a significant appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar.

 

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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
Substantially all of our revenue-generating operations are transacted in Renminbi, and we have a significant portion of our financial assets denominated in U.S. dollars. If the Renminbi appreciates we will record unrealized exchange losses on United States dollar-denominated assets and these losses could be material to our results of operations. In addition, any changes in the value of the Renminbi may materially and adversely affect the value in foreign currency terms of our ADSs and any dividends payable by us.
(16) SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Group operates Hotel and Air segments. All of the Group’s long-lived assets are located in the PRC.
These reportable segments are business units that offer different products that are managed separately because each requires different service provision and marketing strategies.
The Hotel segment mainly provides the services to customers for the reservation with hotels and the Air segment provides the services to customers for the air tickets booking with airline companies. Others segment provides internet-related advertising services and other travel services.
The Group determined its segments based on how the Group’s chief operating decision maker manages the Group’s business, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance. The Group has allocated settlement processing function charges to Hotel and Air segments and also the share-based compensation from the Others segment to Corporate to determine the segment profit or loss from 2008. The corresponding information for 2006 and 2007 has been restated as it is practicable to do so. A summary of the results of the reportable segments with all historical amounts reclassified to conform to the current segment presentation is as follows:
                                         
    Year ended December 31, 2008  
    Hotel     Air     Others     Corporate     Total(RMB)  
Revenues
    253,457,540       77,205,429       17,762,577             348,425,546  
Business tax and surcharges
    (12,672,877 )     (4,246,299 )     (4,193,541 )           (21,112,717 )
Cost of services *
    (39,093,304 )     (53,365,857 )     (4,212,324 )     (324,824 )     (96,996,309 )
Service development expenses *
    (12,914,857 )     (5,258,409 )     (6,258,828 )     (28,151,947 )     (52,584,041 )
 
                             
Total contribution
    188,776,502       14,334,864       3,097,884       (28,476,771 )     177,732,479  
 
                             
Unallocated operating expenses
                                       
Sales and marketing
                            (163,528,250 )     (163,528,250 )
General and administrative
    (3,398,572 )     (3,398,572 )             (46,855,283 )     (53,652,427 )
Amortization of intangibles
                            (848,906 )     (848,906 )
Charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets
                            (1,384,814 )     (1,384,814 )
 
                             
Income(loss) from operations
    185,377,930       10,936,292       3,097,884       (241,094,024 )     (41,681,918 )
 
                             
Total other income (expenses), net
                            (31,917,536 )     (31,917,536 )
 
                             
Income(loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
    185,377,930       10,936,292       3,097,884       (273,011,560 )     (73,599,454 )
 
                             
     
*   Depreciation expense of RMB6,508,451 and RMB4,293,288 is included in Cost of services and Service development expenses for the Hotel and Air segments. No depreciation expense in the Others and Corporate segments.

 

F-30


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eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
                                         
    Year ended December 31, 2007  
    Hotel     Air     Others     Corporate     Total(RMB)  
Revenues
    240,803,384       57,455,084       17,138,203             315,396,671  
Business tax and surcharges
    (12,040,169 )     (3,160,030 )     (2,610,093 )           (17,810,292 )
Cost of services *
    (33,412,658 )     (40,231,011 )     (831,738 )     (8,022,178 )     (82,497,585 )
Service development expenses *
    (7,300,479 )     (3,202,201 )     (10,531,839 )     (27,567,760 )     (48,602,279 )
 
                             
Total contribution
    188,050,078       10,861,842       3,164,533       (35,589,938 )     166,486,515  
 
                             
Unallocated operating expenses
                                     
Sales and marketing
                            (126,971,094 )     (126,971,094 )
General and administrative
    (3,044,231 )     (3,044,231 )             (45,917,004 )     (52,005,466 )
Amortization of intangibles
                            (1,060,000 )     (1,060,000 )
Charges related to property and equipment and intangible assets
                            (1,038,896 )     (1,038,896 )
 
                             
Income(loss) from operations
    185,005,847       7,817,611       3,164,533       (210,576,932 )     (14,588,941 )
 
                             
Total other income (expenses), net
                            (10,217,167 )     (10,217,167 )
 
                             
Income(loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
    185,005,847       7,817,611       3,164,533       (220,794,099 )     (24,806,108 )
 
                             
     
*   Depreciation expense of RMB2,586,968 and RMB2,074,495 is included in Cost of services and Service development expenses for the Hotel and Air segments. No depreciation expense in the Others and Corporate segments.
                                         
    Year ended December 31, 2006  
    Hotel     Air     Others     Corporate     Total(RMB)  
Revenues
    209,275,155       38,287,644       16,980,881             264,543,680  
Business tax and surcharges
    (10,463,758 )     (2,105,820 )     (2,133,034 )           (14,702,612 )
Cost of services *
    (28,762,854 )     (24,409,252 )     (1,122,947 )     (7,950,302 )     (62,245,355 )
Service development expenses *
    (4,969,639 )     (5,705,147 )     (7,989,936 )     (23,256,931 )     (41,921,653 )
 
                             
Total contribution
    165,078,904       6,067,425       5,734,964       (31,207,233 )     145,674,060  
 
                             
Unallocated operating expenses
                                   
Sales and marketing
                            (99,091,184 )     (99,091,184 )
General and administrative
    (2,570,851 )     (2,570,851 )             (56,393,008 )     (61,534,710 )
Amortization of intangibles
                            (1,060,000 )     (1,060,000 )
 
                             
Income(loss) from operations
    162,508,053       3,496,574       5,734,964       (187,751,425 )     (16,011,834 )
 
                             
Total other income (expenses), net
                            18,402,966       18,402,966  
 
                             
Income(loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
    162,508,053       3,496,574       5,734,964       (169,348,459 )     2,391,132  
 
                             
     
*   Depreciation expense of RMB1,782,927 and RMB1,125,495 is included in Cost of services and Service development expenses for the Hotel and Air segments. No depreciation expense in the Others and Corporate segments.

 

F-31


Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(17) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The principal related party transactions for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 are as follows:
Commercial agreements with Expedia
In April 2006, the Group entered into a contract with Expedia, Inc. under which the Group provides the international hotel booking service through Expedia’s hotel inventory. RMB3,056,410, RMB6,570,281 and RMB9,025,146 were charged by Expedia in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The balance due to Expedia, Inc. was RMB682,762 and RMB1,637,169 as of December 31, 2007 and 2008.
In August 2006, the Group entered into a contract with Travelscape LLC, an entity which is ultimately controlled by Expedia Inc. The Group provided Chinese hotel inventory procuring, rating and availability negotiating service to Travelscape LLC. RMB3,185,106, RMB2,944,925 and RMB511,232 of revenue was recognized in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The balance due from Travelscape LLC was RMB1,258,875 and nil as of years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively. This agreement was terminated in March 2008.
Services provided by and to Expedia
In 2006 an Expedia’s employee served as the Group’s software development director under an one-year Secondment Agreement. The Group recorded salary and benefit of RMB500,204 in 2006 and nil in 2007 and 2008, and the balance of RMB500,204 was unpaid as of year ended December 31, 2008.
In 2006, 2007 and 2008, Expedia prepaid expenses of RMB94,157, RMB297,950 and RMB939,551 on behalf of the Group and the balance of RMB392,107 and RMB1,331,658 was unpaid as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
In 2008, the Group recorded RMB1,319,765 (2007: RMB1,138,436, 2006: RMB1,067,721) in consulting fees and RMB879,069 in share-based compensation (2007: RMB53,074, 2006: nil) for services provided by Expedia. The amount of RMB2,953,487 and RMB4,079,933 was unpaid at December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
In 2007 and 2008 the Group prepaid certain expenses of RMB207,506 and RMB433,607 respectively on behalf of Expedia and the balance of RMB207,506 and RMB417,020 was outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
Subleases to Expedia
The Group entered into some sublease agreements with Expedia Business Service (Beijing) Co., Ltd. in 2006, and Interval International Singapore (Pte) Co., Ltd. and Expedia Business Service (Beijing) CO., Ltd. Shanghai Branch in 2008, and subleased certain office space to these Expedia subsidiaries in China. In 2007 and 2008 the Group recorded other non-travel revenue of RMB58,716 and RMB111,405 from such subleases respectively and the balance of RMB16,531 and RMB24,845 was outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
Transactions with Match.com
In September 2006, the Group sold its online dating business to Match.com for US$14.6 million (RMB 114,780,017). Match.com and the Group are under the common control of the controlling shareholder of the Group. The Group recorded RMB206,228, RMB627,921 and RMB 397,266 of fees for services and subleases provided to Match.com in 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. In addition, the Group collected cash and prepaid certain expenses on behalf of one subsidiary of Match.com. As of years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, the Group owed Match.com RMB578,255 and RMB568,242, respectively.

 

F-32


Table of Contents

eLong, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Amounts in Renminbi (RMB)
(18) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On May 13, 2009, the Company adopted a new stock option plan (the “2009 Plan”) that allows the Board of Directors to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock or Performance Units to officers, employees and consultants of the Group to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,000,000 ordinary shares.

In May 2009, we granted 1,259,843 stock options to our senior executive officers and other employees under the 2009 Plan, as well as 125,984 stock options to our chief financial officer and 177,248 Performance Units to our chief financial officer and other employees under the 2004 Plan.

 

F-33


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX
         
Exhibit    
No.   Description
       
 
  4.24 *  
Amendment to Employment Agreement between eLong, Inc. and Guangfu Cui.
       
 
  4.26    
Waiver Agreement between eLong Inc, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Expedia Inc. effective as of November 13, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.60 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
       
 
  4.27 *  
Waiver Agreement among eLong, Inc., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Expedia Inc. and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, effective as of November 1, 2008.
       
 
  4.28 *  
Waiver Agreement among eLong Inc, eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Expedia Inc. and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, effective as of April 7, 2009.
       
 
  4.29 *  
eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan.
       
 
  4.30 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui and Jack Wang.
       
 
  4.31 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Guangfu Cui.
       
 
  4.32 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Jack Wang.
       
 
  4.33 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and Guangfu Cui.
       
 
  4.34 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and Jack Wang.
       
 
  4.35 *  
The Third Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement, dated April 21, 2008, among eLong, Inc., eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang.
       
 
  4.36 *  
Letter Agreement, dated May 1, 2009, among eLong, Inc., Guangfu Cui, Justin Tang and Jack Wang.
       
 
  4.37    
The Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and between eLong, Inc., Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.61 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
     
 
4.38
   
The Fourth Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement dated December 28, 2007 between eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.62 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
     
 
4.39
   
The Fourth Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and between eLong, Inc., Guangfu Cui, Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., and eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.63 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
     
 
4.40
   
The Fourth Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement dated December 28, 2007 by and among the eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd., Justin Tang, and Guangfu Cui (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.64 of the company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 30, 2008).
 
     
  8.1 *  
Subsidiaries of Registrant.
       
 
  12.1 *  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a).
       
 
  12.2 *  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a).
       
 
  13.1 *  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
       
 
  13.2 *  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
       
 
  15.1 *  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Ernst & Young Hua Ming).
       
 
  15.2 *  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG)
 
     
 
15.3
*   Consent of TransAsia Lawyers.

 

EX-4.24 2 c86271exv4w24.htm EXHIBIT 4.24 Exhibit 4.24
Exhibit 4.24
AMENDMENT TO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
WHEREAS, eLong, Inc. (the “Company”), a Cayman Islands corporation, and Guangfu “Percy” Cui, an individual (the “Employee”), have entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Employment Agreement”) on September 6, 2007; and
WHEREAS, after consultation, the Company and the Employee wish to amend certain terms of the Employment Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Company and the Employee enter into this Amendment to Employment Agreement (the “Amendment”) effective as of the date hereof.
1. Section 3(b). The penultimate sentence of Section 3(b) of the Employment Agreement is amended and replaced in its entirety with the following:
“The Employee’s maximum discretionary bonus (pro rated for any partial year) is the greater of 1,900,000 RMB or one hundred percent (100%) of the Employee’s base salary during the review period.”
2. Annex 2 of the Employment Agreement is replaced in its entirety with the attached “Annex 2 (Revised Effective August, 2008)” attached hereto.
3. All other terms of the Employment Agreement remain in effect and binding on the Company and the Employee. This Amendment may be signed in counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original with the same effect as if the signatures were upon the same instrument.
* * *
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the Employee have executed this Amendment on August 5, 2008.
                 
Signature of Employee:   eLong, Inc.    
 
               
/s/ Guangfu Cui
 
Printed name of Employee:
Guangfu “Percy” Cui
      By:   /s/ Sami Farhad
 
Name: Sami Farhad
Title: General Counsel
   

 

 


 

Annex 2 (Revised Effective August, 2008)
Particular Terms of Employee’s Employment
Title: Effective on October 8, 2007, the Employee shall serve as the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), provided however that in the event that Expedia, Inc. completes a Rule 13e-3 Transaction, the Board of Directors shall, in its sole discretion have the right to change the Employee’s title.
Reporting Requirement: The Employee will report to the Board of Directors.
Responsibilities: Such duties and responsibilities as are ordinarily associated with the Employee’s title(s) and such other duties may be specified by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Annual Base Salary: The Company will pay Employee a base pay for his services rendered hereunder at an annual gross rate of RMB 1,700,004 which shall be paid in twelve (12) monthly installments of RMB 141,667 (gross figure) pursuant to the Company’s payroll policies.
Number of Days of Paid Vacation per Year: 15 working days.
Healthcare: During the Term, the Company will provide the Employee and his spouse and children below 18 years of age with medical and dental insurance coverage, provided that all eligibility requirements for plan enrollment and participation are continuously met.
Scholarship Fund: Recognizing the CEO’s commitment to improving the skills and leadership of its Employees, the Company will establish and fund a “CEO Scholarship Fund” in the amount of 200,000 RMB per year. The funds of the CEO Scholarship Fund will be disbursed pursuant to the “CEO Scholarship Fund Guidelines”, and any change to the Guidelines will require the prior approval of the CEO.
e-Learning Fund: To further enhance training of Company employees, the Company will devote an additional 200,000 RMB per year to e-learning and similar training and human resource development programs.

 

 

EX-4.27 3 c86271exv4w27.htm EXHIBIT 4.27 Exhibit 4.27
Exhibit 4.27
WAIVER OF NON-COMPETITION COVENANT
This WAIVER (this “Waiver”) is entered into as of November 1, 2008 (the “Effective Date”) by and among eLong, Inc., an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., a company organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China (the “eLongNet”), and Expedia, Inc., a company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, USA (“Expedia”), and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company, eLongNet, eLongNet Hi-Tech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Hi-Tech”), IACT Asia Pacific Limited, an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“IACT Asia Pacific”), and InterActiveCorp, a company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, USA (“IAC”), entered into that Transaction Agreement (the “Agreement”) made as of the 23rd day of July, 2004;
WHEREAS, IACT Asia Pacific changed its name to Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha, and IAC assigned its interest in the Agreement to Expedia;
WHEREAS, Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., an affiliate of the Company, holds a license for Internet content provision services, and Hi-Tech has been dissolved;
WHEREAS, Hotels.com, L.P., a Texas limited partnership (“Hotels.com”) is a subsidiary of Expedia;
WHEREAS, Section 5.10(a) of the Agreement, subject to certain exceptions, prohibits Expedia, or any Expedia affiliate or subsidiary, from owning, managing, operating, financing, joining, or controlling, or participating in the ownership, management, operation, financing or control of, or being associated as a director, partner, lender, investor or representative in connection with, any entity or business which operates a travel service in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) or which markets travel services to PRC residents (the “Non-Compete Covenant”) until such time as certain conditions are met, which, as of the Effective Date, have not been met;
WHEREAS, Expedia, through one or more of its affiliates or subsidiaries, including but not limited to Hotels.com, desires to provide travel services in the PRC , exclusively via a Web site located at www.hotels.cn or any successor or replacement thereof which is owned and operated by Hotels.com (the “Hotels.cn Web Site”) and to market the Hotels.cn Web Site to PRC residents (the “Purpose”), and in connection therewith, the Company and Hotels.com wish to enter into (i) a Private Label Agreement dated as of even date herewith (the “Private Label Agreement”) and (ii) a Profit Share Agreement dated as of even date herewith (the “Profit Share Agreement”), in order to implement and/or fulfill the Purpose; and
WHEREAS, the Company and eLongNet desire to waive their rights under the Non-Compete Covenant of Section 5.10(a) of the Agreement insofar as it may restrict or prohibit Hotels.com from pursuing the Purpose pursuant to terms and conditions of the Private Label Agreement and the Profit Share Agreement.

 

 


 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby covenant and agree as follows:
1. Waiver of Non-Competition Covenant. The Company and eLongNet, jointly and severally, hereby waive their rights under the Non-Compete Covenant of Section 5.10(a) of the Agreement solely as related to the Purpose to the extent contemplated and permitted by the Private Label Agreement and the Profit Share Agreement, as the case may be. Expedia, through Hotels.com, is hereby expressly authorized to carry out all activities reasonably necessary to implement and/or fulfill the Purpose pursuant to the Private Label Agreement and the Profit Share Agreement, as the case may be, including but not limited to, the hiring of employees, and the provision of travel services exclusively via the Hotels.cn Web Site and to market the Hotels.cn Web Site to PRC Residents.
2. Waiver Reinstatement. If the Private Label Agreement or the Profit Share Agreement, as the case may be, shall expire or terminate for any reason, the rights of the Company and eLongNet under the Non-Compete Covenant of Section 5.10(a) of the Agreement waived by this Waiver, shall be reinstated in their entirety upon such expiration or termination.
3. Except as specifically and to the extent amended pursuant to this Waiver, the Agreement remains in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.
4. This Waiver may be executed in a number of identical counterparts. A telecopied facsimile of a duly executed counterpart of this Waiver shall be sufficient evidence of the binding agreement of each party to the terms herein.
[remainder of this page intentionally left blank]

 

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Waiver as of the date first above written.
                     
ELONG, INC.       EXPEDIA, INC.    
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
Name: Guangfu Cui
Title: CEO
      By:   /s/ Burke F. Norton
 
Name: Burke F. Norton
Title: Executive Vice President
          General Counsel and Secretary
   
 
                   
ELONG NET INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) CO., LTD.       EXPEDIA ASIA PACIFIC-ALPHA LIMITED    
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
Name: Guangfu Cui
      By:   /s/ Burke F. Norton
 
Name: Burke F. Norton
   
 
  Title: Director           Title: Director    

 

 

EX-4.28 4 c86271exv4w28.htm EXHIBIT 4.28 Exhibit 4.28
Exhibit 4.28
AGREEMENT
This AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is entered into as of April 7, 2009 by and among eLong, Inc., an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., a company organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China (the “eLongNet”), Expedia, Inc., a company organized under the laws of the State of Washington, USA (“Expedia”), and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited, an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company, eLongNet, eLongNet Hi-Tech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Hi-Tech” and, together with the Company, eLongNet and any successors or assigns of any of the foregoing, the “eLong Parties”), IACT Asia Pacific Limited, an exempted limited liability company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“IACT Asia Pacific”), and IAC/InterActiveCorp, a company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, USA (“IAC”), entered into a Transaction Agreement (the “Transaction Agreement”) on July 22, 2004;
WHEREAS, IACT Asia Pacific changed its name to Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha Limited (“Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha”), and IAC assigned its interest in the Transaction Agreement to Expedia;
WHEREAS, Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., an affiliate of the Company, holds a license for internet content provision services, and Hi-Tech has been dissolved; and
WHEREAS, Section 5.10 (the “Non-Compete Covenant”) of the Transaction Agreement, subject to certain exceptions, prohibits Expedia and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha, directly or indirectly (including without limitation through its affiliates or subsidiaries (as the case may be) Expedia.com and Hotels.com), from owning, managing, operating, financing, joining, or controlling, or participating in the ownership, management, operation, financing or control of, or being associated as a director, partner, lender, investor or representative in connection with, any entity or business which operates a travel service in the People’s Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, the “PRC”) or which markets travel services to PRC residents until such time as certain conditions are met, which, as of the date hereof, have not been met.

 

 


 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby covenant and agree as follows:
1. Non-Compete Covenant; TripAdvisorChina.
Each of the eLong Parties hereby waives any rights which any of the eLong Parties may possess under the Non-Compete Covenant with respect to the TripAdvisorChina Business. For the avoidance of doubt, neither TripAdvisor LLC nor any of its subsidiaries (collectively, “TripAdvisor”) shall be restricted from, directly or indirectly, entering into or participating in commercial agreements with any entity or business that operates a travel service in the PRC or that markets travel services to PRC residents, provided that such participation or agreement is in the ordinary course of the TripAdvisorChina Business.
TripAdvisorChina Business” means the online travel search engine and directory business (including, without limitation, the aggregation of traveler opinions and articles, the provision of links to travel partners through which travelers can make related travel arrangements), as currently conducted by TripAdvisor in the United States and elsewhere, including through its Chinese-language website (www.daodao.com) (or any Chinese language successor or replacement thereof owned directly or indirectly by Expedia), with reasonable extensions thereof (including the acquisition, directly or indirectly, of a similar business); provided that the “TripAdvisorChina Business” shall not be deemed to include the ability to directly reserve, book or purchase hotel accommodations in the PRC or plane tickets arriving or departing from the PRC on www.daodao.com (or successor website or interactive platform).
Each of Expedia and Expedia Asia Pacific-Alpha does not believe that any of the eLong Parties possess any rights under the Non-Compete Covenant with respect to the TripAdvisorChina Business.
2. TripAdvisor Negotiations
Expedia shall engage, or shall cause TripAdvisor to engage, in good faith negotiations with the Company with respect to preferred commercial terms for the Company’s participation on TripAdvisor’s website www.daodao.com.
3. Effectiveness of Prior Agreements.
Except as modified by the terms of Section 1 of this Agreement, the Transaction Agreement and other agreements entered into by the parties remain in full force and effect in accordance with their terms.
4. Miscellaneous.
The parties hereto agree that the provisions of Section 8 (Miscellaneous) of the Transaction Agreement, other than Section 8.10 thereof, shall apply to this Agreement and that such provisions are incorporated herein by reference.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date written above.
                     
ELONG, INC.       EXPEDIA, INC.    
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
      By:   /s/ Burke F. Norton
 
   
 
  Name: Guangfu Cui           Name: Burke F. Norton    
 
  Title: CEO           Title: EVP, General Counsel    
 
                   
ELONGNET INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) CO., LTD.       EXPEDIA ASIA PACIFIC-ALPHA LIMITED    
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
      By:   /s/ Burke F. Norton
 
   
 
  Name: Guangfu Cui           Name: Burke F. Norton    
 
  Title: Director           Title: Director and Secretary    

 

 

EX-4.29 5 c86271exv4w29.htm EXHIBIT 4.29 Exhibit 4.29
Exhibit 4.29
ELONG, INC.
2009 SHARE AND ANNUAL INCENTIVE PLAN
SECTION 1. Purpose; Definitions
The purpose of the Plan is to give the Company a competitive advantage in attracting, retaining and motivating officers, employees, directors and consultants and to provide the Company and its Affiliates with a share and incentive plan granting Awards to provide incentives directly linked to shareholder value.
Certain terms used herein have definitions given to them in the first place in which they are used. In addition, for purposes of the Plan, the following terms are defined as set forth below:
(a) “ADSs” means American depositary shares representing the Ordinary Shares. Each ADS represents two (2) Ordinary Shares.
(b) “Affiliate” of an entity means a corporation or other entity controlled by, controlling or under common control with such entity, and, in the case of the Company, includes the variable interest entities of the Company located in the People’s Republic of China, but shall not include IAC/Interactive Corp (“IAC”).
(c) “Applicable Exchange” means NASDAQ or such other securities exchange as may at the applicable time be the principal market for the Company’s ADSs.
(d) “Award” means an Option, Share Appreciation Right, Restricted Share, Restricted Share Unit, or other share-based award granted pursuant to the terms of this Plan.
(e) “Award Agreement” means a written or electronic document or agreement setting forth the terms and conditions of a specific Award.
(f) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(g) “Bonus Award” means a bonus award made pursuant to Section 9.
(h) “Cause” means, unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, (i) “Cause” as defined in any Individual Agreement to which the applicable Participant is a party, or (ii) if there is no such Individual Agreement or if it does not define Cause: (A) the willful or gross neglect by a Participant of his employment duties; (B) the plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, or conviction for, the commission of a felony offense, or the equivalent in any non-United States jurisdiction, by a Participant; (C) a material breach by a Participant of a fiduciary duty owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates; (D) a material breach by a Participant of any nondisclosure, non-solicitation or non-competition obligation owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or (E) before a Change in Control, such other events as shall be determined by the Committee and set forth in a Participant’s Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the general rule of Section 2(c), following a Change in Control, any determination by the Committee as to whether “Cause” exists shall be subject to de novo review.

 

 


 

(i) “Change in Control” has the meaning set forth in Section 10(b).
(j) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and any successor thereto, the Treasury Regulations thereunder and other relevant interpretive guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service or the Treasury Department. Reference to any specific section of the Code will be deemed to include such regulations and guidance, as well as any successor provision of the Code.
(k) “Committee” means the Committee referred to in Section 2(a).
(l) “Company” means eLong, Inc., a Cayman Islands corporation, or its successor.
(m) “Disability” means (i) “Disability” as defined in any Individual Agreement to which the Participant is a party, (ii) if there is no such Individual Agreement or it does not define “Disability” (A) permanent and total disability as determined under the Company’s long-term disability plan applicable to the Participant or (B) if there is no such plan applicable to the Participant or the Committee determines otherwise in an applicable Award Agreement, (iii) “Disability” as determined by the Committee. Notwithstanding the above, with respect to an Incentive Stock Option, Disability means Permanent and Total Disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code and, with respect to all Awards given to United States taxpayers, to the extent required by Section 409A of the Code, “disability” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.
(n) “Disaffiliation” means an Affiliate of the Company’s ceasing to be an Affiliate for any reason (including, without limitation, as a result of a public offering, or a spinoff or sale by the Company, of the stock of the Affiliate) or a sale of a division of the Company and its Affiliates.
(o) “Eligible Individuals” means officers, employees and consultants of the Company or any of its Affiliates. Directors (including both employee and non-employee directors) of the Company shall not be deemed to be Eligible Individuals prior to the date on which the Company’s shareholders approve the amendment of this Plan to include directors within the scope of Eligible Individuals.
(p) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and any successor thereto.

 

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(q) “Fair Market Value” means, unless otherwise defined in an Award Agreement, if ADSs or Ordinary Shares are listed on a national securities exchange, as of any given date, the closing price for the ADSs (adjusted to reflect the number of Ordinary Shares represented by each ADSs) or Ordinary Shares on such date on the Applicable Exchange, or if neither ADSs nor Ordinary Shares were traded on the Applicable Exchange on such measurement date, then on the next preceding date on which ADSs or Ordinary Shares were traded, all as reported by such source as the Committee may select. If neither ADSs nor Ordinary Shares are listed on a national securities exchange, Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Committee in its good faith discretion, taking into account, to the extent applicable and appropriate, the requirements of Section 409A of the Code.
(r) “Free-Standing SAR” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
(s) “Grant Date” means (i) the date on which the Committee by resolution selects an Eligible Individual to receive a grant of an Award and determines the number of Shares to be subject to such Award or the formula for earning a number of Shares or cash amount, or (ii) such later date as the Committee shall provide in such resolution.
(t) “Incentive Stock Option” means any Option that is designated in the applicable Award Agreement as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code, and that in fact so qualifies.
(u) “Individual Agreement” means an employment, consulting or similar agreement between a Participant and the Company or one of its Affiliates.
(v) “Nonqualified Option” means any Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option.
(w) “Option” means an Award described under Section 5.
(x) “Ordinary Shares” means ordinary shares, par value $.01 per share, of the Company.
(y) “Participant” means an Eligible Individual to whom an Award is or has been granted.
(z) “Performance Goals” means the performance goals established by the Committee in connection with the grant of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Bonus Awards or other share-based awards.
(aa) “Plan” means this eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan, as set forth herein and as hereafter amended from time to time.
(bb) “Plan Year” means the calendar year or, with respect to Bonus Awards, the Company’s fiscal year if different.
(cc) “Restricted Share Units” means an award described under Section 7.

 

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(dd) “Restricted Shares” means an award described under Section 6.
(ee) “Retirement” means retirement from active employment with the Company or an Affiliate at or after the Participant’s reaching age 65.
(ff) “Share” means an Ordinary Share.
(gg) “Share Appreciation Right” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
(hh) “Subsidiary” means any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other entity during any period in which at least a 50% voting or profits interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or any successor to the Company.
(ii) “Tandem SAR” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
(jj) “Term” means the maximum period during which an Option or Share Appreciation Right may remain outstanding, subject to earlier termination upon Termination of Employment or otherwise, as specified in the applicable Award Agreement.
(kk) “Termination of Employment” means the termination of the applicable Participant’s employment with, or performance of services for, the Company and any of its Affiliates. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, if a Participant’s employment with, or membership on a board of directors of, the Company and its Affiliates terminates but such Participant continues to provide services to the Company and its Affiliates in a non-employee director capacity or as an employee, as applicable, such change in status shall not be deemed a Termination of Employment. A Participant employed by, or performing services for, an Affiliate or a division of the Company or an Affiliate shall be deemed to incur a Termination of Employment if, as a result of a Disaffiliation, such Affiliate or division ceases to be an Affiliate or division, as the case may be, and the Participant does not immediately thereafter become an employee of, or member of the board of directors of, the Company or another Affiliate. Temporary absences from employment because of illness, vacation or leave of absence and transfers among the Company and Affiliates shall not be considered Terminations of Employment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Award that constitutes a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, “Termination of Employment” shall mean a “separation from service” as defined under Section 409A of the Code.

 

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SECTION 2. Administration
(a) Committee. The Plan shall be administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board or such other committee of the Board as the Board may from time to time designate (the “Committee”), which shall be composed of not less than two directors, and shall be appointed by and serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Committee shall have plenary authority to grant Awards pursuant to the terms of the Plan to Eligible Individuals. Among other things, the Committee shall have the authority, subject to the terms of the Plan:
(i) to select the Eligible Individuals to whom Awards may from time to time be granted;
(ii) to determine whether and to what extent Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units, other share-based units, or any combination thereof are to be granted hereunder;
(iii) to determine the number of Ordinary Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(iv) to determine the terms and conditions of each Award granted hereunder, based on such factors as the Committee shall determine;
(v) subject to Section 11, to modify, amend or adjust the terms and conditions of any Award, at any time or from time to time;
(vi) to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan as it shall from time to time deem advisable;
(vii) to interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award issued under the Plan (and any agreement relating thereto);
(viii) to establish any “blackout” period that the Committee in its sole discretion deems necessary or advisable; and
(ix) to otherwise administer the Plan.
(b) Procedures. The Committee may act only by a majority of its members then in office, except that the Committee may, except to the extent prohibited by applicable law or listing standards of the Applicable Exchange and allocate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any one or more of its members and may delegate all or any part of its responsibilities and powers to any person or persons selected by it. Any authority granted to the Committee may also be exercised by the full Board. To the extent that any permitted action taken by the Board conflicts with action taken by the Committee, the Board action shall control.

 

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(c) Discretion of Committee. Subject to Section 1(h), any determination made by the Committee or by an appropriately delegated officer pursuant to delegated authority under the provisions of the Plan with respect to any Award shall be made in the sole discretion of the Committee or such delegate at the time of the grant of the Award or, unless in contravention of any express term of the Plan, at any time thereafter. All decisions made by the Committee, or any officer with appropriately delegated authority, pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be final and binding on all persons, including the Company, Participants, and Eligible Individuals.
(d) Award Agreements. The terms and conditions of each Award, as determined by the Committee, shall be set forth in an Award Agreement, which shall be delivered to the Participant receiving such Award upon, or as promptly as is reasonably practicable following, the grant of such Award. The effectiveness of an Award shall not be subject to the Award Agreement’s being signed by the Company and/or the Participant receiving the Award unless specifically so provided in the Award Agreement. Award Agreements may be amended only in accordance with Section 11 hereof.
SECTION 3. Ordinary Shares Subject to Plan
(a) Plan Maximums. The maximum number of Ordinary Shares that may be delivered pursuant to Awards under the Plan shall be 3,000,000 (three million). Ordinary Shares subject to an Award under the Plan may be authorized and unissued Ordinary Shares, ADSs or treasury Shares.
(b) Individual Limits. The Committee may set limits on the maximum number of Awards which any Participant may be granted during the term of the Plan.
(c) Rules for Calculating Shares Delivered.
(i) To the extent that any Award is forfeited, or any Option and the related Tandem SAR (if any) or Free-Standing SAR terminates, expires or lapses without being exercised, or any Award is settled for cash, the Shares subject to such Awards not delivered as a result thereof shall again be available for Awards under the Plan.
(ii) If the exercise price of any Option and/or the tax withholding obligations relating to any Award are satisfied by delivering Ordinary Shares to the Company (by either actual delivery or by attestation), only the number of Ordinary Shares issued net of the Shares delivered or attested to shall be deemed delivered for purposes of the limits set forth in Section 3(a). To the extent any Ordinary Shares subject to an Award are withheld to satisfy the exercise price (in the case of an Option) and/or the tax withholding obligations relating to such Award, such Shares shall not be deemed to have been delivered for purposes of the limits set forth in Section 3(a).

 

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(d) Adjustment Provision. In the event of a merger, consolidation, acquisition of property or shares, liquidation, Disaffiliation, or similar event affecting the Company or any of its Affiliates (each a “Corporate Transaction”), the Committee or the Board may in its discretion make such substitutions or adjustments as it deems appropriate or equitable to (i) the aggregate number and kind of Shares or other securities reserved for issuance and delivery under the Plan, (ii) the various maximum limitations set forth in Sections 3(a) and 3(b) upon certain types of Awards and upon the grants to individuals of certain types of Awards, (iii) the number and kind of Shares of other securities subject to outstanding Awards; and (iv) the exercise price of outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights. In the event of a share dividend, share split, reverse share split, share rights offering, separation, spinoff, reorganization, extraordinary dividend of cash or other property, share combination, or recapitalization or similar event affecting the capital structure of the Company (each, a “Share Change”), the Committee or the Board shall make such substitutions or adjustments as it deems equitable to (i) the aggregate number and kind of Shares or other securities reserved for issuance and delivery under the Plan, (ii) the various maximum limitations set forth in Sections 3(a) and 3(b) upon certain types of Awards and upon the grants to individuals of certain types of Awards, (iii) the number and kind of Shares or other securities subject to outstanding Awards; and (iv) the exercise price of outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights. In the case of Corporate Transactions, such adjustments may include, without limitation, (1) the cancellation of outstanding Awards in exchange for payments of cash, property or a combination thereof having an aggregate value equal to the value of such Awards, as determined by the Committee or the Board in its sole discretion (it being understood that in the case of a Corporate Transaction with respect to which holders of Ordinary Shares receive consideration other than publicly traded equity securities of the ultimate surviving entity, any such determination by the Committee that the value of an Option or Share Appreciation Right shall for this purpose be deemed to equal the excess, if any, of the value of the consideration being paid for each Share pursuant to such Corporate Transaction over the exercise price of such Option or Share Appreciation Right shall conclusively be deemed valid); (2) the substitution of other property (including, without limitation, cash or other securities of the Company and securities of entities other than the Company) for the Shares subject to outstanding Awards; and (3) in connection with any Disaffiliation, arranging for the assumption of Awards, or replacement of Awards with new awards based on other property or other securities (including, without limitation, other securities of the Company and securities of entities other than the Company), by the affected Affiliate or division or by the entity that controls such Affiliate or division following such Disaffiliation (as well as any corresponding adjustments to Awards that remain based upon Company securities). Any adjustment under this Section 3(d) need not be the same for all Participants.
(e) Section 409A. Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) any adjustments made pursuant to Section 3(d) to Awards to United States taxpayers that are considered “deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code; (ii) any adjustments made pursuant to Section 3(d) to Awards to United States taxpayers that are not considered “deferred compensation” subject to Section 409A of the Code shall be made in such a manner as to ensure that after such adjustment, the Awards either (A) continue not to be subject to Section 409A of the Code or (B) comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code; and (iii) in any event, neither the Committee nor the Board shall have the authority to make any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(d) to the extent the existence of such authority would cause an Award to a United States taxpayer that is not intended to be subject to Section 409A of the Code at the Grant Date to be subject thereto.

 

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SECTION 4. Eligibility
Awards may be granted under the Plan to Eligible Individuals; provided, however, that Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries or parent corporation (within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code).
SECTION 5. Options and Share Appreciation Rights
(a) Types of Options. The Award Agreement for an Option granted to a United States taxpayer that is intended to be an Incentive Stock Option shall so state. All other Options will be Nonqualified Options.
(b) Types and Nature of Share Appreciation Rights. Share Appreciation Rights may be “Tandem SARs,” which are granted in conjunction with an Option, or “Free-Standing SARs,” which are not granted in conjunction with an Option. Upon the exercise of a Share Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be entitled to receive an amount in cash, Ordinary Shares, or both, in value equal to the product of (i) the excess of the Fair Market Value of one Ordinary Share over the exercise price of the applicable Share Appreciation Right, multiplied by (ii) the number of Ordinary Shares in respect of which the Share Appreciation Right has been exercised. The applicable Award Agreement shall specify whether such payment is to be made in cash or Ordinary Shares or both, or shall reserve to the Committee or the Participant the right to make that determination prior to or upon the exercise of the Share Appreciation Right.
(c) Tandem SARs. A Tandem SAR may be granted at the Grant Date of the related Option. A Tandem SAR shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the related Option is exercisable in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5, and shall have the same exercise price as the related Option. A Tandem SAR shall terminate or be forfeited upon the exercise or forfeiture of the related Option, and the related Option shall terminate or be forfeited upon the exercise or forfeiture of the Tandem SAR.
(d) Exercise Price. The exercise price per Ordinary Share subject to an Option or Free-Standing SAR shall be determined by the Committee and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, and shall not be less than the Fair Market Value of an Ordinary Share on the applicable Grant Date. In no event may any Option or Free-Standing SAR granted under this Plan be amended, other than pursuant to Section 3(d), to decrease the exercise price thereof or otherwise be subject to any action that would be treated, for accounting purposes, as a “repricing” of such Option or Free-Standing SAR, unless such amendment, cancellation, or action is approved by the Board or the Company’s shareholders.

 

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(e) Term. The Term of each Option and each Free-Standing SAR shall be fixed by the Committee, but shall not exceed ten years from the Grant Date in the case of an Incentive Stock Option.
(f) Vesting and Exercisability. Except as otherwise provided herein, Options and Free-Standing SARs shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee. If the Committee provides that any Option or Free-Standing SAR will become exercisable only in installments, the Committee may at any time waive such installment exercise provisions, in whole or in part, based on such factors as the Committee may determine. In addition, the Committee may at any time accelerate the exercisability of any Option or Free-Standing SAR.
(g) Method of Exercise. Subject to the provisions of this Section 5, Options and Free-Standing SARs may be exercised, in whole or in part, at any time during the applicable Term by giving written notice of exercise to the Company or through procedures established by a third-party Option administrator appointed by the Company specifying the number of Shares as to which the Option or Free-Standing SAR is being exercised; provided, however, that, unless otherwise permitted by the Committee, any such exercise must be with respect to a portion of the applicable Option or Free-Standing SAR relating to no less than the lesser of the number of Shares then subject to such Option or Free-Standing SAR or 100 Shares. In the case of the exercise of an Option, such notice shall be accompanied by payment in full of the purchase price (which shall equal the product of such number of Shares multiplied by the applicable exercise price) by certified or bank check or such other instrument as the Company may accept. If approved by the Committee, payment, in full or in part, may also be made as follows:
(i) Payments may be made in the form of unrestricted Shares (by delivery of such Shares or by attestation) of the same class as the Shares subject to the Option already owned by the Participant (based on the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date the Option is exercised); provided, however, that, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, the right to make a payment in the form of already owned Shares of the same class as the Common Stock subject to the Option may be authorized only at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted.
(ii) To the extent permitted by applicable law, payment may be made by delivering a properly executed exercise notice to the Company, together with a copy of irrevocable instructions to a broker to deliver promptly to the Company the amount of sale or loan proceeds necessary to pay the purchase price, and, if requested, the amount of any federal, state, local or foreign taxes. To facilitate the foregoing, the Company may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, enter into agreements for coordinated procedures with one or more brokerage firms.

 

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(iii) Payment may be made by instructing the Committee to withhold a number of Shares having a Fair Market Value (based on the Fair Market Value of the Ordinary Shares on the date the applicable Option is exercised) equal to the sum of (A) the product of the exercise price multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Option shall have been exercised and (B) any other related fees or charges, including but not limited to, fees related to the transfer of ADSs or the conversion of Ordinary Shares to ADSs, if the Committee in its discretion determines to deliver ADSs.
(h) Delivery; Rights of Shareholders. No Shares may be delivered pursuant to the exercise of an Option until the exercise price therefor has been fully paid and applicable taxes and other fees or charges have been withheld. The applicable Participant shall have all of the rights of a shareholder of the Company holding Shares of the class or series that is subject to the Option or Share Appreciation Right (including, if applicable, the right to vote the applicable Shares and the right to receive dividends), when the Participant (i) has given written notice of exercise, (ii) if requested, has given the representation described in Section 13(a), and (iii) in the case of an Option, has paid in full for such Shares.
(i) Termination of Employment. Subject to Section 10(c), a Participant’s Options and Share Appreciation Rights shall be forfeited upon such Participant’s Termination of Employment, except as set forth below:
(i) upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment by reason of death, any Option or Share Appreciation Right held by the Participant that was exercisable immediately before the Termination of Employment may be exercised at any time until the earlier of (A) the first anniversary of the date of such death and (B) the expiration of the Term thereof;
(ii) upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment by reason of Disability or Retirement, any Option or Share Appreciation Right held by the Participant that was exercisable immediately before the Termination of Employment may be exercised at any time until the earlier of (A) the first anniversary of such Termination of Employment and (B) the expiration of the Term thereof;
(iii) upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment for Cause, any Option or Share Appreciation Right held by the Participant shall be forfeited, effective as of such Termination of Employment;
(iv) upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment for any reason other than death, Disability, Retirement or for Cause, any Option or Share Appreciation Right held by the Participant that was exercisable immediately before the Termination of Employment may be exercised at any time until the earlier of (A) the 90th day following such Termination of Employment and (B) expiration of the Term thereof; and

 

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(v) notwithstanding the above provisions of this Section 5(i), if a Participant dies after such Participant’s Termination of Employment but while any Option or Share Appreciation Right remains exercisable as set forth above, such Option or Share Appreciation Right may be exercised at any time until the later of (A) the earlier of (1) the first anniversary of the date of such death and (2) expiration of the Term thereof and (B) the last date on which such Option or Share Appreciation Right would have been exercisable, absent this Section 5(i)(v).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee shall have the power, in its discretion, to apply different rules concerning the consequences of a Termination of Employment; provided, however, that if such rules are less favorable to the Participant than those set forth above, such rules are set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(j) Nontransferability of Options and Share Appreciation Rights. No Option or Free-Standing SAR shall be transferable by a Participant other than (i) by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, (ii) in the case of a Nonqualified Option or Free-Standing SAR, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order or as otherwise expressly permitted by the Committee including, if so permitted, pursuant to a transfer to the Participant’s family members or to a charitable organization, whether directly or indirectly or by means of a trust or partnership or otherwise; or (iii) with the prior consent and subject to any conditions the Committee may impose. For purposes of this Plan, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, “family member” shall have the meaning given to such term in General Instructions A.1(a)(5) to Form S-8 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any successor thereto. A Tandem SAR shall be transferable only with the related Option as permitted by the preceding sentence. Any Option or Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable, subject to the terms of this Plan, only by the applicable Participant, the guardian or legal representative of such Participant, or any person to whom such Option or Share Appreciation Right is permissibly transferred pursuant to this Section 5(j), it being understood that the term “Participant” includes such guardian, legal representative and other transferee; provided, however, that the term “Termination of Employment” shall continue to refer to the Termination of Employment of the original Participant.
SECTION 6. Restricted Shares
(a) Nature of Awards and Certificates. Restricted Shares are actual Shares issued to a Participant, and shall be evidenced in such manner as the Committee may deem appropriate, including book-entry registration or issuance of one or more share certificates. Any certificate issued in respect of Restricted Shares shall be registered in the name of the applicable Participant and shall bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Award, substantially in the following form:
“The transferability of this certificate and the ordinary shares represented hereby are subject to the terms and conditions (including forfeiture) of the eLong, Inc. 2009 Share and Annual Incentive Plan and an award agreement. Copies of such plan and agreement are on file at the offices of eLong, Inc.”

 

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The Committee may require that the certificates evidencing such Shares be held in custody by the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed and that, as a condition of any Award of Restricted Shares, the applicable Participant shall have delivered a stock power, endorsed in blank, relating to the Ordinary Shares covered by such Award.
(b) Terms and Conditions. Restricted Shares shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
(i) The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of an Award upon the attainment of Performance Goals. The Committee may also condition the grant or vesting thereof upon the continued service of the Participant. The conditions for grant or vesting and the other provisions of Restricted Share Awards (including without limitation any applicable Performance Goals) need not be the same with respect to each Participant. The Committee may at any time, in its sole discretion, accelerate or waive, in whole or in part, any of the foregoing restrictions.
(ii) Subject to the provisions of the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement, during the period, if any, set by the Committee, commencing with the date of such Restricted Share Award for which such Participant’s continued service is required (the “Restriction Period”), and until the later of (A) the expiration of the Restriction Period and (B) the date the applicable Performance Goals (if any) are satisfied, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, assign, transfer, pledge or otherwise encumber Restricted Shares.
(iii) Except as provided in this Section 6 and in the applicable Award Agreement, the applicable Participant shall have, with respect to the Restricted Shares, all of the rights of a stockholder of the Company holding the class or series of Shares that is the subject of the Restricted Shares, including, if applicable, the right to vote the Shares and the right to receive any cash dividends. If so determined by the Committee in the applicable Award Agreement and subject to Section 13(e), (A) cash dividends on the class or series of Shares that is the subject of the Restricted Share Award shall be automatically deferred and reinvested in additional Restricted Shares, held subject to the vesting of the underlying Restricted Shares, and (B) subject to any adjustment pursuant to Section 3(d), dividends payable in Ordinary Shares shall be paid in the form of Restricted Shares of the same class as the Ordinary Shares with which such dividend was paid, held subject to the vesting of the underlying Restricted Shares.

 

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(iv) Except as otherwise set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment for any reason during the Restriction Period or before the applicable Performance Goals are satisfied, all Restricted Shares still subject to restriction shall be forfeited by such Participant; provided, however, that the Committee shall have the discretion to waive, in whole or in part, any or all remaining restrictions with respect to any or all of such Participant’s Shares.
(v) If and when any applicable Performance Goals are satisfied and the Restriction Period expires without a prior forfeiture of the Restricted Shares for which legended certificates have been issued, unlegended certificates for such Shares shall be delivered to the Participant upon surrender of the legended certificates.
SECTION 7. Restricted Share Units
(a) Nature of Award. Restricted Share Units are Awards denominated in Ordinary Shares that will be settled, subject to applicable law and the terms and conditions of the Restricted Share Units, either by delivery of Shares to the Participant or by the payment of cash based upon the Fair Market Value of a specified number of Ordinary Shares.
(b) Terms and Conditions. Restricted Share Units shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
(i) The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Restricted Share Units upon the attainment of Performance Goals. The Committee may also condition the vesting thereof upon the continued service of the Participant. The conditions for grant or vesting and the other provisions of Restricted Share Units (including without limitation any applicable Performance Goals) need not be the same with respect to each recipient. The Committee may at any time, in its sole discretion, accelerate or waive, in whole or in part, any of the foregoing restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in Section 7(b)(iv) or in the applicable Award Agreement, an Award of Restricted Share Units shall be settled if and when the Restricted Share Units vest.
(ii) Subject to the provisions of the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement, during the period, if any, set by the Committee, commencing with the date of such Restricted Share Units Award for which such Participant’s continued service is required (the “Restriction Period”), and until the later of (A) the expiration of the Restriction Period and (B) the date the applicable Performance Goals (if any) are satisfied, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, assign, transfer, pledge or otherwise encumber Restricted Share Units.

 

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(iii) The Award Agreement for Restricted Share Units shall specify whether, to what extent and on what terms and conditions the applicable Participant shall be entitled to receive current or deferred payments of cash, Ordinary Shares or other property corresponding to the dividends payable on the Ordinary Shares (subject to Section 13(e) below).
(iv) Except as otherwise set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment for any reason during the Restriction Period or before the applicable Performance Goals are satisfied, all Restricted Share Units still subject to restriction shall be forfeited by such Participant; provided, however, that the Committee shall have the discretion to waive, in whole or in part, any or all remaining restrictions with respect to any or all of such Participant’s Restricted Share Units; provided, further, however, that in the event of such waiver, if any of such Restricted Share Units of a United States taxpayer constitute a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, unless otherwise provided in an award agreement and in a manner that is compliant with Section 409A of the Code, settlement of such Restricted Share Units shall not occur until the earliest of (A) the date such Restricted Share Units would otherwise be settled pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement or (B) the Participant’s “separation of service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.
SECTION 8. Other Share-Based Awards
Other Awards of Ordinary Shares and other Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to, or are otherwise based upon or settled in, Ordinary Shares, including (without limitation), unrestricted shares, performance units, dividend equivalents, and convertible debentures, may be granted under the Plan.
SECTION 9. Bonus Awards
(a) Determination of Awards. The Committee shall determine the total amount of Bonus Awards for each Plan Year or such shorter performance period as the Committee may establish in its sole discretion. Prior to the beginning of the Plan Year or such shorter performance period as the Committee may establish in its sole discretion, the Committee shall establish Performance Goals for Bonus Awards for the Plan Year or such shorter period.

 

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(b) Payment of Awards. Bonus Awards under the Plan shall be paid in cash or in Ordinary Shares (valued at Fair Market Value as of the date of payment) as determined by the Committee, as soon as practicable following the close of the Plan Year or such shorter performance period as the Committee may establish. The Bonus Award for any Plan Year or such shorter performance period to any Participant may be reduced or eliminated by the Committee in its discretion.
SECTION 10. Change In Control Provisions
(a) Impact of Event/Single Trigger. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, subject Sections 3(d), 3(e), 10(e) and 13(k), notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary, immediately upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, with respect to Awards held by officers of the Company (and not the Company’s Subsidiaries) with a title of Vice President or above as of immediately prior to the Change in Control, and with respect to all other Participants solely to the extent provided in the applicable Award Agreement:
(i) any Options and Share Appreciation Rights outstanding which are not then exercisable and vested shall become fully exercisable and vested;
(ii) the restrictions applicable to any Restricted Shares shall lapse, and such Restricted Shares shall become free of all restrictions and become fully vested and transferable;
(iii) all Restricted Share Units shall be considered to be earned and payable in full, and any restrictions shall lapse and such Restricted Share Units shall be settled as promptly as is practicable in the form set forth in the applicable Award Agreement; provided, however, that with respect to any Restricted Share Units held by a United States taxpayer that constitute a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement and in a manner that is compliant with Section 409A of the Code, the settlement of each such Restricted Share Unit pursuant to this Section 10(a)(iii) shall not occur until the earliest of (A) the Change in Control if such Change in Control constitutes a “change in the ownership of the corporation,” a “change in effective control of the corporation” or a “change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the corporation,” within the meaning of Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(v) of the Code, (B) the date such Restricted Share Units would otherwise be settled pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement and (C) the Participant’s “separation of service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.

 

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(b) Definition of Change in Control. For purposes of the Plan, a “Change in Control” shall mean any of the following events:
(i) The acquisition by any individual entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act), other than Barry Diller, Liberty Media Corporation, Expedia, Inc. and their respective Affiliates (a “Person”) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of equity securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the voting power of the then outstanding equity securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “Outstanding Company Voting Securities”); provided, however, that for purposes of this subsection (i), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (A) any acquisition by the Company, (B) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any corporation controlled by the Company, or (C) any acquisition by any corporation pursuant to a transaction which complies with clauses (A), (B) and (C) of subsection (iii); or
(ii) Announcement by any person of the entry into (A) a “going private transaction,” as such transaction is described in Rule 13e-3(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, of the Company, or (B) any other transaction or series of transactions which will result in the ADSs or Ordinary Shares of the Company no longer being listed on an Applicable Exchange; or
(iii) Consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or the purchase of assets or stock of another entity (a “Business Combination”), in each case, unless immediately following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then outstanding combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or equivalent governing body, if applicable) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership, immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, (B) no Person (excluding Barry Diller, Liberty Media Corporation, and their respective Affiliates, any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such entity resulting from such Business Combination) will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than a majority of the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of such entity except to the extent that such ownership of the Company existed prior to the Business Combination and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or equivalent governing body, if applicable) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination will have been members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the initial agreement, or action of the Board, providing for such Business Combination; or
(iv) Approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

 

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(c) Impact of Event/Double Trigger. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, subject to Sections 3(d), 3(e), 10(e) and 13(k), notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan to the contrary, upon a Participant’s Termination of Employment during the two-year period following a Change in Control by the Company other than for Cause or Disability or by the Participant for Good Reason (as defined below):
(i) any Options and Share Appreciation Rights outstanding as of such Termination of Employment which were outstanding as of the date of such Change in Control (including any Options and Share Appreciation Rights that became vested pursuant to Section 10(a)) shall be fully exercisable and vested and shall remain exercisable until the later of (i) the last date on which such Option or Share Appreciation Right would be exercisable in the absence of this Section 10(c) and (ii) the earlier of (A) the first anniversary of such Change in Control and (B) expiration of the Term of such Option or Share Appreciation Right;
(ii) the restrictions applicable to any Restricted Shares shall lapse, and such Restricted Shares outstanding as of such Termination of Employment which were outstanding as of the date of such Change in Control shall become free of all restrictions and become fully vested and transferable; and
(iii) all Restricted Share Units outstanding as of such Termination of Employment which were outstanding as of the date of such Change in Control shall be considered to be earned and payable in full, and any restrictions shall lapse and such Restricted Share Units shall be settled as promptly as is practicable in (subject to Section 3(d)) the form set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(d) For purposes of this Section 10, “Good Reason” means (i) “Good Reason” as defined in any Individual Agreement or Award Agreement to which the applicable Participant is a party, or (ii) if there is no such Individual Agreement or if it does not define Good Reason, without the Participant’s prior written consent: (A) a material reduction in the Participant’s rate of annual base salary from the rate of annual base salary in effect for such Participant immediately prior to the Change in Control, (B) a relocation of the Participant’s principal place of business more than 35 miles from the city in which such Participant’s principal place of business was located immediately prior to the Change in Control or (C) a material and demonstrable adverse change in the nature and scope of the Participant’s duties from those in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control. In order to invoke a Termination of Employment for Good Reason, a Participant shall provide written notice to the Company of the existence of one or more of the conditions described in clauses (A) through (C) within 90 days following the Participant’s knowledge of the initial existence of such condition or conditions, and the Company shall have 30 days following receipt of such written notice (the “Cure Period”) during which it may remedy the condition. In the event that the Company fails to remedy the condition constituting Good Reason during the Cure Period, the Participant must terminate employment, if at all, within 90 days following the Cure Period in order for such Termination of Employment to constitute a Termination of Employment for Good Reason.

 

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(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Award is subject to Section 409A of the Code, this Section 10 shall be applicable only to the extent specifically provided in the Award Agreement or in the Individual Agreement and as permitted pursuant to Section 13(k).
SECTION 11. Term, Amendment and Termination
(a) Effectiveness. The Plan shall be effective as of the date (the “Effective Date”) it is adopted by the Board.
(b) Termination. The Plan will terminate on the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date. Awards outstanding as of such date shall not be affected or impaired by the termination of the Plan.
(c) Amendment of Plan. The Board may amend, alter, or discontinue the Plan, but no amendment, alteration or discontinuation shall be made which would materially impair the rights of the Participant with respect to a previously granted Award without such Participant’s consent, except such an amendment made to comply with applicable law (including without limitation Section 409A of the Code), stock exchange rules or accounting rules. In addition, no such amendment shall be made without the approval of Board or the Company’s shareholders to the extent such approval is required by applicable law or the listing standards of the Applicable Exchange, and is not waivable under such law or listing standards.
(d) Amendment of Awards. Subject to Section 5(d), the Committee may unilaterally amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but no such amendment shall, without the Participant’s consent, materially impair the rights of any Participant with respect to an Award, except such an amendment made to cause the Plan or Award to comply with applicable law, stock exchange rules or accounting rules.
SECTION 12. Unfunded Status of Plan
It is presently intended that the Plan constitute an “unfunded” plan for incentive and deferred compensation. Subject to any applicable requirements of Section 409A, the Committee may authorize the creation of trusts or other arrangements to meet the obligations created under the Plan to deliver Ordinary Shares or make payments; provided, however, that the existence of such trusts or other arrangements is consistent with the “unfunded” status of the Plan. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan to the contrary, with respect to any Award that constitutes a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, no trust shall be funded with respect to any such Award if such funding would result in taxable income to the Participant by reason of Section 409A(b) of the Code and in no event shall any such trust assets at any time be located or transferred outside of the United States, within the meaning of Section 409A(b) of the Code.

 

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SECTION 13. General Provisions
(a) Conditions for Issuance. The Committee may require each person purchasing or receiving Shares pursuant to an Award to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the Shares without a view to the distribution thereof. The certificates for such Shares may include any legend which the Committee deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or agreements made pursuant thereto, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate or certificates for Shares under the Plan prior to fulfillment of all of the following conditions: (i) listing or approval for listing upon notice of issuance, of such Shares on the Applicable Exchange; (ii) any registration or other qualification of such Shares of the Company under any state, federal or foreign law or regulation, or the maintaining in effect of any such registration or other qualification which the Committee shall, in its absolute discretion upon the advice of counsel, deem necessary or advisable; and (iii) obtaining any other consent, approval, or permit from any state, federal or foreign governmental agency which the Committee shall, in its absolute discretion after receiving the advice of counsel, determine to be necessary or advisable.
(b) Additional Compensation Arrangements. Nothing contained in the Plan shall prevent the Company or any Affiliate from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements for its employees.
(c) No Contract of Employment. The Plan shall not constitute a contract of employment, and adoption of the Plan shall not confer upon any employee any right to employment, nor shall it interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Affiliate to terminate the employment of any employee pursuant to applicable law and the terms of any employment contract entered into by the Company or Affiliate and the employee.
(d) Required Taxes. No later than the date as of which an amount first becomes includible in the gross income of a Participant for People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) federal, state, local or other foreign income or employment or other tax purposes with respect to any Award under the Plan, such Participant shall pay to the Company, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Company regarding the payment of, any PRC, federal, state, local or other foreign taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld with respect to such amount. If determined by the Company, withholding obligations may be settled with Ordinary Shares, including Ordinary Shares that are part of the Award that gives rise to the withholding requirement. The obligations of the Company under the Plan and any Award Agreement shall be conditional on such payment or arrangements, and the Company and its Affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any salary, compensation or other payment otherwise due to such Participant. The Committee may establish such procedures as it deems appropriate, including making irrevocable elections, for the settlement of withholding obligations with Ordinary Shares.

 

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(e) Limitation on Dividend Reinvestment and Dividend Equivalents. Reinvestment of dividends in additional Restricted Shares at the time of any dividend payment, and the payment of Shares with respect to dividends to Participants holding Awards of Restricted Share Units, shall only be permissible if sufficient Shares are available under Section 3 for such reinvestment or payment (taking into account then outstanding Awards). In the event that sufficient Shares are not available for such reinvestment or payment, such reinvestment or payment shall be made in the form of a grant of Restricted Share Units equal in number to the Shares that would have been obtained by such payment or reinvestment, the terms of which Restricted Share Units shall provide for settlement in cash and for dividend equivalent reinvestment in further Restricted Share Units on the terms contemplated by this Section 13(e).
(f) Designation of Death Beneficiary. The Committee shall establish such procedures as it deems appropriate for a Participant to designate a beneficiary to whom any amounts payable in the event of such Participant’s death are to be paid or by whom any rights of such eligible Individual, after such Participant’s death, may be exercised.
(g) Affiliate Employees. In the case of a grant of an Award to any employee of an Affiliate of the Company, the Company may, if the Committee so directs, pursuant to applicable law, issue or transfer the Shares, if any, covered by the Award to the Affiliate, for such lawful consideration as the Committee may specify, upon the condition or understanding that the Affiliate will transfer the Shares to the employee in accordance with the terms of the Award specified by the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. All Shares underlying Awards that are forfeited or canceled should revert to the Company.
(h) Governing Law and Interpretation. The Plan and all Awards made and actions taken thereunder shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Plan are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect.
(i) Non-Transferability. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5(j) or by the Committee, Awards under the Plan are not transferable except by will or by laws of descent and distribution.

 

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(j) Foreign Employees and Foreign Law Considerations. The Committee may grant Awards to Eligible Individuals who are foreign nationals, who are located outside the United States, or who are otherwise subject to legal or regulatory provisions of countries or jurisdictions outside the United States, on such terms and conditions different from those specified in the Plan as may, in the judgment of the Committee, be necessary or desirable to foster and promote achievement of the purposes of the Plan, and, in furtherance of such purposes, the Committee may make such modifications, amendments, procedures as may be necessary or advisable to comply with such legal or regulatory provisions.
(k) Section 409A of the Code. It is the intention of the Company that no Award to a United States taxpayer shall be “deferred compensation” subject to Section 409A of the Code, unless and to the extent that the Committee specifically determines otherwise as provided in this Section 13(k), and the Plan and the terms and conditions of all Awards to United States taxpayers shall be interpreted accordingly. The terms and conditions governing any Awards that the Committee determines will be subject to Section 409A of the Code, including any rules for elective or mandatory deferral of the delivery of cash or Shares pursuant thereto and any rules regarding treatment of such Awards in the event of a Change in Control, shall be set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, and shall comply in all respects with Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary, with respect to any Award to a United States taxpayer that constitutes a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” subject to Section 409A of the Code, any payments (whether in cash, Shares or other property) to be made with respect to the Award upon the Participant’s Termination of Employment shall be delayed until the earlier of (A) the first day of the seventh month following the Participant’s Termination of Employment if the Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and (B) the Participant’s death.

 

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EX-4.30 6 c86271exv4w30.htm EXHIBIT 4.30 Exhibit 4.30
Exhibit 4.30
Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
The Amended and Restated Loan Agreement is executed on April 21, 2008 by the following each parties.
eLong, Inc (hereinafter “Party A”)
Legal Address: 4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
Justin Tang (hereinafter “Party B”)
Address: Room 23A No. 1 Building, Yujing Garden, No.5 Shoutudong Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P. R. China
ID No.: 320106197103121236
Guangfu Cui (hereinafter “Party C”)
Residence: No.1, XiangHongqi Street, Haidian District, Beijing
ID No.: 110108196902010857
Jack Wang (hereinafter “Party D”)
Residence: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
ID No.: 11010519730528111X
Whereas:
1. Party A is a company registered in Cayman Islands; Party B ,Party C and Party D are the citizens of the People’s Republic of China. Party B holds 75% equity interest in Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Beijing eLong”). eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter eLongNet Technology)is a wholly foreign owned enterprise registered and validly existing under the laws of PRC and Party A holds 100% equity interest of it.
2. Party A, Party B, Veronica Chen, who held 12.5% equity interest in Beijing eLong, and Raymond Huang, who held 12.5% equity interest in Beijing eLong, once signed an Second amended and restated loan agreement on December 30th 2004, with agreement on the credit-debt relationship that Party A borrowed RMB16,000, 000 to Party B, Veronica Chen, and Raymond Huang , of which there is RMB 12,000,000 to Party B, RMB 2,000,000 to Veronica Chen and RMB 2,000,000 to Raymond Huang.
3. According to the Stock Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between Party C, Party D, Veronica Chen and Raymond Huang on April 28, 2008, Party C is assigned with the 12.5% equities of Beijing eLong by Veronica Chen and the entire credit-debt relationship with Beijing eLong incurred from Veronica Chen, Party D is assigned with the 12.5% equities of Beijing eLong by Raymond Huang and the entire credit-debt relationship with Beijing eLong incurred from Raymond Huang.
4. To reflect the entire credit-debt relationship with Beijing eLong assigned from Veronica Chen, Raymond Huang to Party C and Party D, Party A, Party B, Party C and Party D hereby make this amendment and restatement to the Second Amended and Restated Loan Agreement signed with Party A, Party B, Veronica Chen, Raymond Huang on December 30, 2004, according to the description in this agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, Party A, Party B, Party C and Party D through friendly negotiations hereby agree to and abide by this agreement (hereinafter referred to as “This agreement”) as follows:
1). Party A agree to provide a loan to Party B, Party C and Party D with the total as RMB16,000,000 in accordance with the terms and conditions under the Agreement, of which there is RMB12,000,000 to Party B, RMB 2,000,000 to Party C and RMB 2,000,000 to Party D. Party B, Party C and Party D accept such loan.

 

 


 

2). Party B, Party C and Party D agree such loan shall be used only to pay the amount of capital subscribed or to invest in Beijing eLong by the other forms. Without the prior written consent of Party A , Party B, Party C and Party D shall not use such loan for any other purpose.
3). The preconditions of the Loan provided by Party A to Party B, Party C and Party D:
(1). Party B, Party C and Party D as well as eLongNet Technology have formally executed a Equity Interest pledge contract (Hereinafter the “Equity Interest Pledge Contract”), by virtue of the agreement, Party B, Party C and Party D agree to pledge all their equity interest in Beijing eLong to eLongNet Technology.
(2). Party B, Party C, Party D and Party A have executed an exclusive purchase contract (the “Exclusive Purchase Contract”) under the fifth term of The Agreement, as per which Party B, Party C and Party D grant Party A an option to purchase all or part of equity interest in Beijing eLong provided that it is permitted by laws of PRC.
(3). The above-mentioned Equity Interest Pledge Contract and Exclusive Purchase Contract are in full effectiveness, of which there is none of default event and all relevant filing procedures, approval, authorization, registration and governmental proceedings have been obtained or completed (if needed).
(4). The representation and warranties of Party B and Party C under Section 10 are true, integrate, correct and un-misleading.
(5). Party B, Party C and Party D breaches none of its commitments under Section 11, Section 12 and no event which will affect their performance of the obligations hereunder, happens or threatens to happen.
4). Party A, Party B, Party C and Party D hereby agrees and confirms that, under preconditions permitted by the Chinese laws and within scope allowed in the Chinese laws, Party A has the rights but no obligations to buy or designate other persons (legal person or natural person) to purchase all or partial equity interests of Party B, Party C and Party D (the “Purchase Right”) in Beijing eLong, provided that Party A notifies Party B, Party C and Party D on purchase of equity interests in writing. Once Party A has issued the written notice on executing the purchase right, Party B, Party C and Party D will, immediately according to the wishes and instructions of Party A, transfer their equity interests in Beijing eLong to Party A or any other person as designated by Party A at original investment price or other prices as agreed by Party A. Party A, Party B, Party C and Party D agree to sign an exclusive purchase right agreement in light of the said matters.
5). Party B, Party C and Party D agree that, when they transfer their Equity Interest in Beijing eLong to Party A or the person designated by Party A. according to the exclusive purchase contract, any proceeds raised from the transfer shall be paid promptly to Party A as the refund of the loan under the Agreement.
6). All the parties jointly agree and confirm that, the loan under the Agreement shall be deemed as the loan without interest, except there exists other stipulation hereunder. But when the equity interest transfer under Section 5 happens and if its necessary to appraise the equity interest according to the relevant laws and if the equity interest transfer price is higher than the principle of loan according to the appraisal result, the exceed part shall be paid back to Party A as the cost occupied by the interest of the loan or the capital burdened by Party A.

 

 


 

7). Term for the loan hereunder will terminate on April 21st 2018 starting from effective date of this agreement, and can be extended upon written agreement of parties hereto. But during the term or extended term of such loan, Party B and/or Party C and/or Party D shall refund the loan to Party A ahead of the loan term or the extended loan term, if any of the following events occurs:
(1) Party B quits from or dismissed by Party A or its affiliates;
(2) Party B become dead or becomes a person without capacity or with limited capacity for civil acts;
(3) Party B committed a crime or involved a crime;
(4) Any other third party claim more than RMB100,000 against Party B, Party C and Party D;
(5) Under the permit of the PRC ‘ s Law, Party A or other designated by Party A may invest in the telecommunications internet information service business or other business of Beijing eLong, and according to the Exclusive Purchase Contract, Party A shall issue a written notification to the Party for the purchase of Beijing eLong’s equity interest and perform the right of purchase.
When the loan is due, the corresponding borrower (or its successor or transferee) shall transfer its equity interest in Beijing eLong to the person designated by Party A promptly (or to Party A, provided that it is permitted under the laws of PRC). Any proceeds raised from the transfer shall be paid to Party A as the refund of the loan and the right as well as the obligation under the Agreement shall terminate simultaneously.
8. Party A represents and warrants to Party B, Party C and Party D that, on the execution date of the Agreement,
(1) Party A is a company registered in Cayman Islands and validly existing under the laws of it.
(2) Subject to its business scope, constitution and other organizational documents, Party A has the full right and power and has obtained all necessary and appropriate approval and authorization to execute and perform this Agreement;
(3) The execution and the performance of this Agreement shall not be against any enforceable and effective laws and regulations, governmental approval, authorization and notification, other government documents and any contracts executed with, or commitments made to, any third party; and
(4) This Agreement shall constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of Party A, which is enforceable against Party A in accordance with its terms upon its execution.
9. Party B, Party C and Party D represents and warrants to Party A that, from the execution date of this Agreement until the date this Agreement terminates,
(1) Beijing eLong is a limited liability company registered and validly existing under the laws of PRC. Party B, Party C and Party D is the shareholder of Beijing eLong;
(2) Subject to the constitution and other organizational documents of Beijing eLong, Party B, Party C and Party D has full right and power and has obtained all necessary and appropriate approval and authorization to execute and perform this Agreement;
(3) Party B, Party C and Party D shall not execute and perform this Agreement against any enforceable and effective laws and regulations, governmental approval, authorization and notification, or other government documents and any contracts executed with, or commitments made to, any third party;
(4) This Agreement shall constitute the valid and legally enforceable obligations of Party B, Party C and Party D;
(5) Party B, Party C and Party D has paid contribution in full for its equity in Beijing eLong in accordance with applicable laws and regulations and has acquired capital contribution verification report issued by the qualified accounting firm;
(6) Party B, Party C and Party D neither create pledge, mortgage or any other security, nor make third party any offer to transfer their equity held on Asia Media, nor make acceptance for the offer of any third party to purchase their equity, nor execute agreement with any third party to transfer the equities of Party B, Party C and Party D, except the terms of the Equity Pledge Contract;

 

 


 

(7) There are no disputes, lawsuit, arbitration, administrative or other proceedings related to the equities of Beijing eLong held by Party B, Party C and Party D, and/or Party B, Party C and Party D, nor any threatened disputes, lawsuit, arbitration, administrative or other proceedings involving Party B, Party C and Party D and/or the equities held by Party B, Party C and Party D; and
(8) Beijing eLong has completed all governmental approval, authorization, license,and register, filing and otherwise necessary to carry out the business subject to its business license and to possess its assets.
10). Party B, Party C and Party D agree that it shall, during the term of this Agreement,
(1) Not sell, transfer, mortgage, dispose of in any other way, or create other security interest on, any of its legal right of equity or equity interest in Beijing eLong without Party A’s prior written consent, except the terms of the Agreement;
(2) Without Party A’s prior written consent, not to consent, support or execute any resolution in the shareholders’ meeting of Beijing eLong for the sale, transfer, mortgage, any other disposal of Beijing eLong’s legal right of equity or equity interest or to create any other security interest of Beijing eLong’s legal right of equity or equity interest, except that the counter party is Party A or those designated by Party A;
(3) Without Party A’s prior written consent, not to consent, support or execute any resolution in the shareholders’ meeting of Beijing eLong for the merge or combination with, buy or investment in, any person;
(4) Promptly inform Party A of the pending or threatened suit, arbitration or regulatory procedure concerning the equity interest of Beijing eLong;
(5) Execute all necessary or appropriate documents, take all necessary or appropriate action and bring all necessary or appropriate lawsuit or make all necessary and appropriate defending against all claims, in order to maintain the ownership of Beiing eLong for all its assets;
(6) Do nothing that may materially affect the assets, business and liabilities of Beijing eLong without Party A’s prior written consent;
(7) Appoint any person to be the director of Beijing eLong subject to Party A’s request;
(8) Transfer promptly and unconditionally, at once, all of the Equity Interest of Beijing eLong to Party A or representative designated by Party A and cause the other shareholder of Beijing eLong to waive its option to purchase such equity hereof, subject to the requesting of the then holding company of Party A, provided that such transfer is permitted under the laws of PRC;
(9) Not require Beijing eLong to issue dividends or allocate its allocable profits to Party B, Party C and Party D;
(10) Cause the other shareholder of Beijing eLong to transfer promptly and unconditionally, at once, all equity interest of the other shareholder in Beijing eLong to Party A or the representative designated by Party A, Party B, Party C and Party D hereby waive its option to purchase such equity interest hereof, subject to the requesting of the then holding company of Party A, provided that such transfer is permitted under the laws of PRC;
(11) Once Party B, Party C and Party D transfer the equity interest in Beijing eLong to Party A or the representative designated by Party A, Any proceeds raised from the transfer shall be refund to Party A promptly.

 

 


 

(12) Comply strictly with the terms of this Agreement, and Exclusive Purchase Contract, fully perform all obligations under such contracts and do nothing affecting the validity and enforceability of such contracts.
11). Party B, Party C and Party D, as major shareholder of Beijing eLong, agrees that it shall cause Beijing eLong, during the term of this Agreement,
(1) Not to supply, amend or modify its articles of constitution, to increase or decrease its registered capital, or to change its capital structure in any way without Party A’s prior written consent;
(2) Subject to good financial and business rules and practices, to maintain and operate its business and handle matters prudently and effectively;
(3) Not to sell, transfer, mortgage, dispose of in any other way, or to create other security interest on, any of its assets, business or legal right to collect interests without Party A’s prior written consent;
(4) Without Party A’s prior written consent, not to create, succeed to, guarantee or permit any debt, except (i) the debt arising in the course of the ordinary or daily business operation, but not arising from the loan, and (ii) the debt being reported to Party A or having approved Party A in writing;
(5) To operate persistently all the business of Beijing eLong and to maintain the value of its assets;
(6) Without Party A’s prior written consent, not to execute any material contracts (During this stage, a contract will be deemed material if the value of it exceeds RMB100, 000) except those executed during the ordinary operation;
(7) To provide information concerning all of its operation and financial affairs subject to Party A’s request;
(8) Not to merger or combine with, buy or invest in, any other person without Party A’s prior written consent;
(9) Without Party A’s prior written consent, not to issue dividends to each shareholder in any form, however, Beijing eLong shall promptly allocate all its allocable profits to each of its shareholders upon Party A’s request;
(10) To inform promptly Party A of the pending or threatened suit, arbitration or regulatory procedure concerning the assets, business or income of Beijing eLong;
(11) To execute all necessary or appropriate documents, to take all necessary or appropriate action and to bring all necessary or appropriate lawsuit or to make all necessary and appropriate defending against all claims, in order to maintain the ownership of Beijing eLong for all its assets;
(12) To comply strictly with the terms under the technical service Contract and other contracts, fully perform all obligations under such contracts and do nothing affecting the validity and enforceability of such contracts.
12). Party B, Party C and Party D further agree that, they shall pledge all their equity interest in Beijing eLong to eLongNet Technologies for the warrant of the payment obligation of Beijing eLong under the technical service Contract. Party B, Party C and Party D shall handle procedures for the registrations of the pledge at the company registration authority promptly after execute the Agreement.
13). The Agreement are effective to all the parties and their inheritor or transferee, and executed only for the interest of them. Without the other party’s prior written consent, any party shall not transfer, pledge or transfer in any other way the right, interest or obligation under the Agreement.
14). The execution, validity, interpretation, performance, modification, termination and settlement of disputes of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of PRC.

 

 


 

16). Arbitration
(1) Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of Arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
(2) Arbitration place shall be in Beijing, PRC.
(3) Arbitration language shall be Chinese.
(4) The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint a arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint an arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator. The chief arbitrator shall not be Chinese citizen or United State citizen.
(5) Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with China’s Law (including but not being limited to Law of Contract of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including China’s Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
(6) Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.
17). Party B and Party C will not cancel or terminate this Agreement under any circumstance, except (1) Party A has gross negligence, commits fraud or other serious illegal act, or (2) Party A bankrupt or insolvent;
18). No amendment or change is permitted unless with written agreement from parties to this agreement. Any outstanding issues of this agreement, if any, shall be supplemented by parties hereto through signing a written agreement. Any amendment, change and supplement executed by all the parties and any appendix of this Agreement shall be the indispensable part of this Agreement.
19). This Agreement is the integral agreement of the transaction stipulated in this Agreement and it will replaced all the oral negotiation or written opinion for this transaction heretofore.
20). This Agreement is divisible and any invalid or unenforceable clause of this Agreement will not affect the effectiveness and enforceability of other clause of this Agreement.
21). The business, operation, financial affairs and other confidential documents concerning any party of this Agreement are confidential data. All the parties shall strictly protect and maintain the confidentiality of all such confidential data acquired from The Agreement or from the performance of The Agreement.
22). This Agreement is in triplicate originals and each Party holds one copy. Each original has the same legal effect.

 

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parties to this Agreement or through their duly authorized representatives have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above in Beijing.
         
Party A: eLong, Inc.
       
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Chris Chan    
 
 
 
   
         
Party B: Justin Tang
   
Signature:
  /s/ Justin Tang    
 
 
 
   
 
       
Party C: Guangfu Cui
 
Signature:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui    
 
       
 
       
Party C: Jack Wang
 
Signature:
  /s/ Jack Wang    
 
       

 

 

EX-4.31 7 c86271exv4w31.htm EXHIBIT 4.31 Exhibit 4.31
Exhibit 4.31
Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
This Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into on the day of April 21, 2008 by and between the following parties:
Pledgee: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
Address: 10 Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
Pledgor: Guangfu Cui
ID No.: 110108196902010857
Address: No.1, XiangHongqi Street, Haidian District, Beijing
WHEREAS,
(1). Beijing eLong is a wholly domestic-owned company registered under the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”) laws and regulations. Beijing eLong is qualified to engage in Internet information service, and operating www.elong.com(hereinafter “Elong.com”);
(2). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong entered into Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement on the date of February 1, 2001 and entered into the Supplementary Agreement of Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement on the date of August 22, 2003 (the Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement and the relevant Supplementary Agreement Hereinafter “Service Agreement”). Both parties amend and restate the Service Agreement in further on July 20, 2004, in which the Pledgee agreed that Pledgee has the exclusive right to provide Beijing eLong with technical services and operating technical services of Elong.com;
(3). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong signed an Amended and Restated Trademark License Agreement (“Trademark License Agreement”) on July 20, 2004, according to which the Pledgee agrees that Beijing eLong shall use some trademarks;
(4). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong signed an Amended and Restated Domain name Agreement (“Domain name Agreement”) on July 20, 2004, according to which the Pledgee agrees that Beijing eLong shall use some domain names;
(5). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong sign an Third Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement (“Business Operation Agreement”) on April 21, 2008. According to the agreement, Beijing eLong agrees not to conduct any business probably taking great effect on the capital, debt or right of the Pledgee, without the prior written consent of the Pledgee;
(6). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong sign an Amended and Restated Cooperation Agreement (“Cooperation Agreement”) on April 21, 2008. According to the agreement, Beijing eLong agrees to corporate with the pledge on booking hotels and other business online though Elong.com;
(7) According to the Stock Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between the Pledgee and Veronica Chen on April 21th 2008, the Pledgee shall be assigned the 12.5% equity interests of Veronica Chen in Beijing eLong and all the credit and debt relationship formed from investment of Veronica Chen in Beijing eLong.
(8). In order to make sure that Beijing eLong performs its obligations of payment for the internet advertising technical service and technical service and software license provided by the Pledgee under provisions of the service agreement, and obligations related with the Pledgee in “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement” and to reflect the Pledgor’s succession to the Second Amended and Restated Equity Interest Pledge Agreement signed between the Pledgee and Veronica Chen on December 30th 2004, the Pledgor and the Pledgee are intended to make a third amendment and restatement to the equity interest pledge agreement as stated herein and the Pledgor is willing to pledge all of its equity interest in Beijing eLong as pledge security.

 

 


 

Therefore the Pledgee and the Pledgor through mutual negotiations hereby enter into this Agreement based upon the following terms:
1. Definitions And Interpretation
Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
1.1 Pledge means the full content of Article 2 hereunder
1.2 Equity Interest means all equity interests in Beijing eLong legally held by the Pledgor.
1.3 Rate of Pledge means the ratio between the value of the pledge under this Agreement and the exclusive technical consulting and service fees under the Service Agreement.
1.4 Term of Pledge means the period provided for under Article 3.2 hereunder.
1.5 Event of Default means any event in accordance with Article 7.1 hereunder.
1.6 Notice of Default means the notice of default issued by the Pledgee in accordance with this Agreement.
2. Assignments And Pledge
2.1 The Pledgor agrees to pledge all its equity interest in Beijing eLong to the Pledgee. Pledge under this Agreement refers to the rights owned by the Pledgee who shall be entitled to have priority in receiving payment by the evaluation or proceeds from the auction or sale of the equity interests pledged by the Pledgor to the Pledgee.
3. Rate Of Pledge And Term Of Pledge
3.1 The rate of Pledge
3.1.1 The rate of pledge shall be 100%
3.2 The term of Pledge
3.2.1 This Agreement shall take effect as of the date when the equity interests under this Agreement are recorded in the Register of Shareholder of Beijing eLong and registered with the competent Administration for Industry and Commerce. The term of the Pledge is the same with the term of Service Agreement.
3.2.2 During the period, the Pledgor shall be entitled to dispose the Pledge in accordance with this Agreement in the event that Beijing eLong fails to pay exclusive technical Consulting and service fee or software license in accordance with the Service Agreement or fails to perform the obligations of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” or “Cooperation Agreement”
4. Physical Possession Of Documents
4.1 During the term of Pledge under this Agreement, the Pledgor shall deliver the physical possession of the Certificate of Distribution and the Name List of Shareholder of Beijing eLong to the Pledgee within one week as of the date of conclusion of this Agreement.
4.2 The Pledgee shall be entitled to collect the dividends from the equity interests.

 

 


 

4.3 The pledge of in this Agreement shall be record in the shareholder’s register.
5. Representation of the Pledgor
5.1 The Pledgor is the legal owner of the equity interests.
5.2 The Pledgor does not pledge or encumber the equity interests to any other person except for the Pledgee.
6. Warranties and Guarantee of the Pledgor
6.1 During the effective term of this Agreement, the Pledgor covenants to the Pledgee that the Pledgor shall:
6.1.1 Not transfer or assign the equity interests, create or permit to create any pledges, which may have an adverse effect on the rights or benefits of the Pledgee without prior written consent from the Pledgee; unless the two parties have agreed otherwise.
6.1.2 Comply with and implement laws and regulations with respect to the pledge of rights, present to the Pledgee the notices, orders or suggestions with respect to the Pledge issued or made by the competent authority within five days upon receiving such notices, orders or suggestions and comply with such notices, orders or suggestions, or object to the foregoing matters at the reasonable request of the Pledgee or with consent from the Pledgee.
6.1.3 Timely notify the Pledgee of any events or any received notices which may affect the Pledgor’s equity interest or any part of its right, and any events or any received notices which may change the Pledgor’s any covenant and obligation under this Agreement or which may affect the Pledgor’s performance of its obligations under this Agreement.
6.2 The Pledgor agrees that the Pledgee’s right of exercising the Pledge obtained from this Agreement shall not be suspended or hampered through legal procedure by the Pledgor or any successors of the Pledgor or any person authorized by the Pledgor or any other person.
6.3 The Pledgor warrants to the Pledgee that in order to protect or perfect the security over the payment of the technical consulting and service fees under the Service Agreement, the Pledgor shall execute in good faith and cause other parties who have interests in the pledge to execute all the title certificates, agreements, and or perform and cause other parties who have interests to take action as required by the Pledgee and make access to exercise the rights and authorization vested in the Pledgee under this Agreement.
6.4 Execute all the documents with respect to the changes of certificate of equity interests with the Pledgee or the person (natural person or legal entity) designed by the Pledgee, and provides all the notices, orders and decisions regarded as necessary by the Pledgee with the Pledgee within the reasonable time.
6.5 The Pledgor warrants to the Pledgee that the Pledgor will comply with and perform all the guarantees, covenants, agreements, representations and conditions for the benefits of the Pledgee. The Pledgor shall compensate all the losses suffered by the Pledgee for the reasons that the Pledgor does not perform or fully perform their guarantees, covenants, agreements, representations and conditions.
7. Event Of Default
7.1 The following events shall be regarded as the event of default:
7.1.1 Beijing eLong fails to make full payment of the exclusive technical consulting and service fees and software license fees as scheduled under the Service Agreement; or fails to perform the obligation of “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”.

 

 


 

7.1.2 The Pledgor makes any material misleading or fraudulent representations or warranties under Article 5 herein, and/or the Pledgor is in violation of any warranties under Article 6 herein;
7.1.3 The Pledgor violates the covenants under any of the Articles herein;
7.1.4 The Pledgor waives the pledged equity interests or transfers or assigns the pledged equity interests without prior written consent from the Pledgee;
7.1.5 The Pledgor is unable to repay any general debt or other debts. The Pledgor’s any external loan, security, compensation, covenants or any other compensation liabilities (1) are required to be repaid or performed prior to the scheduled date; or (2) are due but can not be repaid or performed as scheduled and thereby cause the Pledgee to deem that the Pledgor’s capacity to perform the obligations herein is affected;
7.1.6 This Agreement is illegal for the reason of the promulgation of the related laws or the Pledgor’s incapability of continuing to perform the obligations herein;
7.1.7 Any approval, permits, licenses or authorization from the competent authority of the government needed to perform this Agreement or validate this Agreement are withdrawn, suspended, invalidated or materially amended;
7.1.8 The property of the Pledgor is adversely changed and cause the Pledgee deem that the capability of the Pledgor to perform the obligations herein is affected;
7.1.9 The successors or assignees of the Beijing eLong are only entitled to perform a portion of or refuse to perform the payment liability under the Service Agreement;
7.1.10 The default resulted in the action or inaction of Pledgor’s breaching the other Articles of this Agreement;
7.1.11 Other circumstances whereby the Pledgee is incapable of exercising the right to dispose the Pledge in accordance with the related laws.
7.2 The Pledgor shall immediately give a written notice to the Pledgee if the Pledgor is aware of or find that any event under Article 7.1 herein or any events that may result in the foregoing events have happened or is going on.
7.3 Unless the event of default under Article 7.1 herein has been solved to the Pledgee’s satisfaction, the Pledgee, at any time when the event of default happens or thereafter, may give a written notice of default to the Pledgor and require the Pledgor to immediately make full payment of the overdue service fees and software license under the Service Agreement and other payables or perform the obligation of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” or “Cooperation Agreement”, or dispose the Pledge in accordance with Article 8 herein.
8. Exercise Of The Right Of The Pledge
8.1 In case Beijing eLong does not fully repay the aforesaid technical service fees and software license fees of the Service Agreement, and does fully perform the obligations of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”, the Pledgor shall not transfer or assign the pledge without prior written approval from the Pledgee prior to the full repayment of the consulting and service fee under the Service Agreement. Unless the two parties have agreed otherwise.
8.2 Subject to Article 7, the Pledgee may exercise the right to dispose the Pledge when the Pledgee gives a notice of default.

 

 


 

8.3 The Pledgee is entitled to have priority in receiving payment by the evaluation or proceeds from the auction or sale of whole or part of the equity interests pledged herein in accordance with legal procedure until the outstanding consulting and service fees and all other payables under the Service Agreement are repaid.
8.4 The Pledgor shall not hinder the Pledgee from disposing the Pledge in accordance with this Agreement and shall give necessary assistance so that the Pledgee could realize his Pledge.
9. Transfers Or Assignment
9.1 The Pledgor shall not donate or transfer his rights and obligations herein without prior consent from the Pledgee.
9.2 This Agreement shall be binding upon the Pledgor and his successors and be effective to the Pledgee and his each successor and assignee.
9.3 The Pledgee may transfer or assign his all or any rights and obligations under the Service Agreement to any individual (natural person or legal entity) at any time. In this case, the assignee shall enjoy and undertake the same rights and obligations herein of the Pledgee as if the assignee is a party hereto. When the Pledgee transfers or assigns the rights and obligations under the Service Agreement, at the request of the Pledgee, the Pledgor shall execute the relevant agreements and/or documents with respect to such transfer or assignment.
9.4 After the Pledgee’s change resulting from the transfer or assignment, the new parties to the pledge shall enter into a pledge agreement.
10. Termination
10.1 This Agreement shall not be terminated until the following conditions are met (1) All the consulting and service fees and software license fees under the Service Agreement are paid off, (2) Beijing eLong has fully perform all the obligations under “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”, or the aforesaid obligations are terminated, and (3) Beijing eLong does not perform the obligations under “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”.
In case the agreement is terminated, the Pledgee shall cancel or terminate this Agreement within reasonable time as soon as practicable.
11. Formalities Fees And Other Charges
11.1 The Pledgor shall be responsible for all the fees and actual expenditures in relation to this Agreement including but not limited to legal fees, cost of production, stamp tax and any other taxes and charges. If the Pledgee pays the relevant taxes in accordance with the laws, the Pledgor shall fully indemnify such taxes paid by the Pledgee.
11.2 The Pledgor shall be responsible for all the fees (including but not limited to any taxes, formalities fees, management fees, litigation fees, attorney’s fees, and various insurance premiums in connection with disposition of Pledge) incurred by the Pledgor for the reason that the Pledgor fails to pay any payable taxes, fees or charges in accordance with this Agreement; or the Pledgee has recourse to any foregoing taxes, charges or fees by any means for other reasons.
12. Force Majeure
12.1 Force majeure, which includes acts of governments, acts of nature, fire, explosion, typhoon, flood, earthquake, tide, lightning, war, means any unforeseen events beyond the prevented party’s reasonable control and cannot be prevented with reasonable care. However, any shortage of credit, capital or finance shall not be regarded as an event beyond a Party’s reasonable control. The Pledge affected by force majeure shall notify the other party of exemption promptly;

 

 


 

12.2 In the event that the affected party is delayed in or prevented from performing its obligations under this Agreement by force majeure, only within the scope of such delay or prevention, the affected party will not be responsible for any damage by reason of such a failure or delay of performance. The affected party shall take appropriate means to minimize or remove the effects of force majeure and attempt to resume performance of the obligations delayed or prevented by the event of force majeure. After the event of force majeure is removed, both parties agree to resume the performance of this Agreement with their best efforts.
13. Dispute Resolution
13.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the PRC law.
13.2 Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of Arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
13.3 Arbitration place shall be in Beijing, PRC.
13.4 Arbitration language shall be Chinese.
13.5 The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint an arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint an arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator. The chief arbitrator shall not be Chinese citizen or United State citizen.
13.6 Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with PRC Law (including but not being limited to Law of Agreement of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
13.7 Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.
14. Notice
14.1 Any notice, which is given by the parties hereto for the purpose of performing the rights, duties and obligations hereunder, shall be in writing form (including fax and telex). Where such notice is delivered personally, the time of notice is the time when such notice actually reaches the addressee; where such notice is transmitted by telex or facsimile, the notice time is the time when such notice is transmitted. If such notice does not reach the addressee on business date or reaches the addressee after the business time, the next business day following such day is the date of notice. The delivery place is the address first written above of the parties hereto or the address advised in writing including facsimile and telex from time to time.

 

 


 

15. Appendices
15.1 The appendices to this Agreement are entire and integral part of this Agreement.
16. Effectiveness
16.1 This agreement and any amendments, modification, supplements, additions or changes hereto shall be in writing, executed upon being executed and sealed by the parties hereto and become effective on the date after Veronica Chen has completed transference of the equity interest change to the Pledgor.
16.2 This Agreement is executed by Chinese in duplicate, and each party holds one copy and each copy and the copies shall have the same legal effect.
In witness whereof the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed on their behalf by a duly authorized representative as of the Effective Date first written above.
The Pledgee: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
The Pledgor: Guangfu Cui
         
Signature:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
   
Appendices
1. Register of Shareholders of Beijing Beijing eLong Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd.
2. Certificate of Capital Contribution of Beijing Beijing eLong Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd.
3. Services Agreement;
4. Trademark License Agreement; and
5. Business Operation Agreement;

 

 

EX-4.32 8 c86271exv4w32.htm EXHIBIT 4.32 Exhibit 4.32
Exhibit 4.32
Third Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
This Amended and Restated Equity Interests Pledge Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into on the day of April 21, 2008 by and between the following parties:
Pledgee: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
Address: 10 Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
Pledgor: Jack Wang
ID No.: 11010519730528111X
Address: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
WHEREAS,
(1). Beijing eLong is a wholly domestic-owned company registered under the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”) laws and regulations. Beijing eLong is qualified to engage in Internet information service, and operating www.elong.com(hereinafter “Elong.com”);
(2). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong entered into Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement on the date of February 1, 2001 and entered into the Supplementary Agreement of Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement on the date of August 22, 2003 (the Exclusive Technical Consulting and Services Agreement and the relevant Supplementary Agreement Hereinafter “Service Agreement”). Both parties amend and restate the Service Agreement in further on July 20, 2004, in which the Pledgee agreed that Pledgee has the exclusive right to provide Beijing eLong with technical services and operating technical services of Elong.com;
(3). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong signed an Amended and Restated Trademark License Agreement (“Trademark License Agreement”) on July 20, 2004, according to which the Pledgee agrees that Beijing eLong shall use some trademarks;
(4). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong signed an Amended and Restated Domain name Agreement (“Domain name Agreement”) on July 20, 2004, according to which the Pledgee agrees that Beijing eLong shall use some domain names;
(5). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong sign an Third Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement (“Business Operation Agreement”) on April 21, 2008. According to the agreement, Beijing eLong agrees not to conduct any business probably taking great effect on the capital, debt or right of the Pledgee, without the prior written consent of the Pledgee;
(6). The Pledgee and Beijing eLong sign an Amended and Restated Cooperation Agreement (“Cooperation Agreement”) on April 21, 2008. According to the agreement, Beijing eLong agrees to corporate with the pledge on booking hotels and other business online though Elong.com;
(7) According to the Stock Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between the Pledgee and Raymond Huang on April 21th 2008, the Pledgee shall be assigned the 12.5% equity interests of Raymond Huang in Beijing eLong and all the credit and debt relationship formed from investment of Raymond Huang in Beijing eLong.
(8). In order to make sure that Beijing eLong performs its obligations of payment for the internet advertising technical service and technical service and software license provided by the Pledgee under provisions of the service agreement, and obligations related with the Pledgee in “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement” and to reflect the Pledgor’s succession to the Second Amended and Restated Equity Interest Pledge Agreement signed between the Pledgee and Raymond Huang on December 30th 2004, the Pledgor and the Pledgee are intended to make a third amendment and restatement to the equity interest pledge agreement as stated herein and the Pledgor is willing to pledge all of its equity interest in Beijing eLong as pledge security.

 

 


 

Therefore the Pledgee and the Pledgor through mutual negotiations hereby enter into this Agreement based upon the following terms:
1. Definitions And Interpretation
Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
1.1 Pledge means the full content of Article 2 hereunder
1.2 Equity Interest means all equity interests in Beijing eLong legally held by the Pledgor.
1.3 Rate of Pledge means the ratio between the value of the pledge under this Agreement and the exclusive technical consulting and service fees under the Service Agreement.
1.4 Term of Pledge means the period provided for under Article 3.2 hereunder.
1.5 Event of Default means any event in accordance with Article 7.1 hereunder.
1.6 Notice of Default means the notice of default issued by the Pledgee in accordance with this Agreement.
2. Assignments And Pledge
2.1 The Pledgor agrees to pledge all its equity interest in Beijing eLong to the Pledgee. Pledge under this Agreement refers to the rights owned by the Pledgee who shall be entitled to have priority in receiving payment by the evaluation or proceeds from the auction or sale of the equity interests pledged by the Pledgor to the Pledgee.
3. Rate Of Pledge And Term Of Pledge
3.1 The rate of Pledge
3.1.1 The rate of pledge shall be 100%
3.2 The term of Pledge
3.2.1 This Agreement shall take effect as of the date when the equity interests under this Agreement are recorded in the Register of Shareholder of Beijing eLong and registered with the competent Administration for Industry and Commerce. The term of the Pledge is the same with the term of Service Agreement.
3.2.2 During the period, the Pledgor shall be entitled to dispose the Pledge in accordance with this Agreement in the event that Beijing eLong fails to pay exclusive technical Consulting and service fee or software license in accordance with the Service Agreement or fails to perform the obligations of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” or “Cooperation Agreement”
4. Physical Possession Of Documents
4.1 During the term of Pledge under this Agreement, the Pledgor shall deliver the physical possession of the Certificate of Distribution and the Name List of Shareholder of Beijing eLong to the Pledgee within one week as of the date of conclusion of this Agreement.
4.2 The Pledgee shall be entitled to collect the dividends from the equity interests.

 

 


 

4.3 The pledge of in this Agreement shall be record in the shareholder’s register.
5. Representation of the Pledgor
5.1 The Pledgor is the legal owner of the equity interests.
5.2 The Pledgor does not pledge or encumber the equity interests to any other person except for the Pledgee.
6. Warranties and Guarantee of the Pledgor
6.1 During the effective term of this Agreement, the Pledgor covenants to the Pledgee that the Pledgor shall:
6.1.1 Not transfer or assign the equity interests, create or permit to create any pledges, which may have an adverse effect on the rights or benefits of the Pledgee without prior written consent from the Pledgee; unless the two parties have agreed otherwise.
6.1.2 Comply with and implement laws and regulations with respect to the pledge of rights, present to the Pledgee the notices, orders or suggestions with respect to the Pledge issued or made by the competent authority within five days upon receiving such notices, orders or suggestions and comply with such notices, orders or suggestions, or object to the foregoing matters at the reasonable request of the Pledgee or with consent from the Pledgee.
6.1.3 Timely notify the Pledgee of any events or any received notices which may affect the Pledgor’s equity interest or any part of its right, and any events or any received notices which may change the Pledgor’s any covenant and obligation under this Agreement or which may affect the Pledgor’s performance of its obligations under this Agreement.
6.2 The Pledgor agrees that the Pledgee’s right of exercising the Pledge obtained from this Agreement shall not be suspended or hampered through legal procedure by the Pledgor or any successors of the Pledgor or any person authorized by the Pledgor or any other person.
6.3 The Pledgor warrants to the Pledgee that in order to protect or perfect the security over the payment of the technical consulting and service fees under the Service Agreement, the Pledgor shall execute in good faith and cause other parties who have interests in the pledge to execute all the title certificates, agreements, and or perform and cause other parties who have interests to take action as required by the Pledgee and make access to exercise the rights and authorization vested in the Pledgee under this Agreement.
6.4 Execute all the documents with respect to the changes of certificate of equity interests with the Pledgee or the person (natural person or legal entity) designed by the Pledgee, and provides all the notices, orders and decisions regarded as necessary by the Pledgee with the Pledgee within the reasonable time.
6.5 The Pledgor warrants to the Pledgee that the Pledgor will comply with and perform all the guarantees, covenants, agreements, representations and conditions for the benefits of the Pledgee. The Pledgor shall compensate all the losses suffered by the Pledgee for the reasons that the Pledgor does not perform or fully perform their guarantees, covenants, agreements, representations and conditions.
7. Event Of Default
7.1 The following events shall be regarded as the event of default:
7.1.1 Beijing eLong fails to make full payment of the exclusive technical consulting and service fees and software license fees as scheduled under the Service Agreement; or fails to perform the obligation of “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”.

 

 


 

7.1.2 The Pledgor makes any material misleading or fraudulent representations or warranties under Article 5 herein, and/or the Pledgor is in violation of any warranties under Article 6 herein;
7.1.3 The Pledgor violates the covenants under any of the Articles herein;
7.1.4 The Pledgor waives the pledged equity interests or transfers or assigns the pledged equity interests without prior written consent from the Pledgee;
7.1.5 The Pledgor is unable to repay any general debt or other debts. The Pledgor’s any external loan, security, compensation, covenants or any other compensation liabilities (1) are required to be repaid or performed prior to the scheduled date; or (2) are due but can not be repaid or performed as scheduled and thereby cause the Pledgee to deem that the Pledgor’s capacity to perform the obligations herein is affected;
7.1.6 This Agreement is illegal for the reason of the promulgation of the related laws or the Pledgor’s incapability of continuing to perform the obligations herein;
7.1.7 Any approval, permits, licenses or authorization from the competent authority of the government needed to perform this Agreement or validate this Agreement are withdrawn, suspended, invalidated or materially amended;
7.1.8 The property of the Pledgor is adversely changed and cause the Pledgee deem that the capability of the Pledgor to perform the obligations herein is affected;
7.1.9 The successors or assignees of the Beijing eLong are only entitled to perform a portion of or refuse to perform the payment liability under the Service Agreement;
7.1.10 The default resulted in the action or inaction of Pledgor’s breaching the other Articles of this Agreement;
7.1.11 Other circumstances whereby the Pledgee is incapable of exercising the right to dispose the Pledge in accordance with the related laws.
7.2 The Pledgor shall immediately give a written notice to the Pledgee if the Pledgor is aware of or find that any event under Article 7.1 herein or any events that may result in the foregoing events have happened or is going on.
7.3 Unless the event of default under Article 7.1 herein has been solved to the Pledgee’s satisfaction, the Pledgee, at any time when the event of default happens or thereafter, may give a written notice of default to the Pledgor and require the Pledgor to immediately make full payment of the overdue service fees and software license under the Service Agreement and other payables or perform the obligation of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” or “Cooperation Agreement”, or dispose the Pledge in accordance with Article 8 herein.
8. Exercise Of The Right Of The Pledge
8.1 In case Beijing eLong does not fully repay the aforesaid technical service fees and software license fees of the Service Agreement, and does fully perform the obligations of “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”, the Pledgor shall not transfer or assign the pledge without prior written approval from the Pledgee prior to the full repayment of the consulting and service fee under the Service Agreement. Unless the two parties have agreed otherwise.
8.2 Subject to Article 7, the Pledgee may exercise the right to dispose the Pledge when the Pledgee gives a notice of default.

 

 


 

8.3 The Pledgee is entitled to have priority in receiving payment by the evaluation or proceeds from the auction or sale of whole or part of the equity interests pledged herein in accordance with legal procedure until the outstanding consulting and service fees and all other payables under the Service Agreement are repaid.
8.4 The Pledgor shall not hinder the Pledgee from disposing the Pledge in accordance with this Agreement and shall give necessary assistance so that the Pledgee could realize his Pledge.
9. Transfers Or Assignment
9.1 The Pledgor shall not donate or transfer his rights and obligations herein without prior consent from the Pledgee.
9.2 This Agreement shall be binding upon the Pledgor and his successors and be effective to the Pledgee and his each successor and assignee.
9.3 The Pledgee may transfer or assign his all or any rights and obligations under the Service Agreement to any individual (natural person or legal entity) at any time. In this case, the assignee shall enjoy and undertake the same rights and obligations herein of the Pledgee as if the assignee is a party hereto. When the Pledgee transfers or assigns the rights and obligations under the Service Agreement, at the request of the Pledgee, the Pledgor shall execute the relevant agreements and/or documents with respect to such transfer or assignment.
9.4 After the Pledgee’s change resulting from the transfer or assignment, the new parties to the pledge shall enter into a pledge agreement.
10. Termination
10.1 This Agreement shall not be terminated until the following conditions are met (1) All the consulting and service fees and software license fees under the Service Agreement are paid off, (2) Beijing eLong has fully perform all the obligations under “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”, or the aforesaid obligations are terminated, and (3) Beijing eLong does not perform the obligations under “Trademark License Agreement” “Domain name Agreement” “Business Operation Agreement” and “Cooperation Agreement”.
In case the agreement is terminated, the Pledgee shall cancel or terminate this Agreement within reasonable time as soon as practicable.
11. Formalities Fees And Other Charges
11.1 The Pledgor shall be responsible for all the fees and actual expenditures in relation to this Agreement including but not limited to legal fees, cost of production, stamp tax and any other taxes and charges. If the Pledgee pays the relevant taxes in accordance with the laws, the Pledgor shall fully indemnify such taxes paid by the Pledgee.
11.2 The Pledgor shall be responsible for all the fees (including but not limited to any taxes, formalities fees, management fees, litigation fees, attorney’s fees, and various insurance premiums in connection with disposition of Pledge) incurred by the Pledgor for the reason that the Pledgor fails to pay any payable taxes, fees or charges in accordance with this Agreement; or the Pledgee has recourse to any foregoing taxes, charges or fees by any means for other reasons.
12. Force Majeure
12.1 Force majeure, which includes acts of governments, acts of nature, fire, explosion, typhoon, flood, earthquake, tide, lightning, war, means any unforeseen events beyond the prevented party’s reasonable control and cannot be prevented with reasonable care. However, any shortage of credit, capital or finance shall not be regarded as an event beyond a Party’s reasonable control. The Pledge affected by force majeure shall notify the other party of exemption promptly;

 

 


 

12.2 In the event that the affected party is delayed in or prevented from performing its obligations under this Agreement by force majeure, only within the scope of such delay or prevention, the affected party will not be responsible for any damage by reason of such a failure or delay of performance. The affected party shall take appropriate means to minimize or remove the effects of force majeure and attempt to resume performance of the obligations delayed or prevented by the event of force majeure. After the event of force majeure is removed, both parties agree to resume the performance of this Agreement with their best efforts.
13. Dispute Resolution
13.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the PRC law.
13.2 Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of Arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
13.3 Arbitration place shall be in Beijing, PRC.
13.4 Arbitration language shall be Chinese.
13.5 The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint an arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint an arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator. The chief arbitrator shall not be Chinese citizen or United State citizen.
13.6 Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with PRC Law (including but not being limited to Law of Agreement of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
13.7 Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.
14. Notice
14.1 Any notice, which is given by the parties hereto for the purpose of performing the rights, duties and obligations hereunder, shall be in writing form (including fax and telex). Where such notice is delivered personally, the time of notice is the time when such notice actually reaches the addressee; where such notice is transmitted by telex or facsimile, the notice time is the time when such notice is transmitted. If such notice does not reach the addressee on business date or reaches the addressee after the business time, the next business day following such day is the date of notice. The delivery place is the address first written above of the parties hereto or the address advised in writing including facsimile and telex from time to time.

 

 


 

15. Appendices
15.1 The appendices to this Agreement are entire and integral part of this Agreement.
16. Effectiveness
16.1 This agreement and any amendments, modification, supplements, additions or changes hereto shall be in writing, executed upon being executed and sealed by the parties hereto and become effective on the date after Raymond Huang has completed transference of the equity interest change to the Pledgor.
16.2 This Agreement is executed by Chinese in duplicate, and each party holds one copy and each copy and the copies shall have the same legal effect.
In witness whereof the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed on their behalf by a duly authorized representative as of the Effective Date first written above.
The Pledgee: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
The Pledgor: Jack Wang
         
Signature:
  /s/ Jack Wang
 
   
Appendices
1. Register of Shareholders of Beijing Beijing eLong Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd.
2. Certificate of Capital Contribution of Beijing Beijing eLong Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd.
3. Services Agreement;
4. Trademark License Agreement; and
5. Business Operation Agreement;

 

 

EX-4.33 9 c86271exv4w33.htm EXHIBIT 4.33 Exhibit 4.33
Exhibit 4.33
Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
eLong.Inc (hereinafter “Party A”)
Registered Address: 4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Guangfu Cui (hereinafter “Party B”)
ID No.: 110108196902010857
Address: No.1, XiangHongqi Street, Haidian District, Beijing
Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Party C”)
Registered Address: 2nd Floor, Xingke Plaza-C, 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Party D”)
Registered Address: 10 Jiu Xian Qiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
WHEREAS:
1. Party A is a company registered and established in Cayman Islands; Party B is a PRC resident; Party C is a limited liability company established and validly existing in accordance with PRC laws; Party D is a wholly foreign owned enterprise established and validly existing in accordance with PRC laws, and is a wholly owned company of Party A.
2. According to the Exclusively Purchase Agreement signed between Party B, Party C, Party D and Veronica Chen, hold with the 12.5% equities of Party C on December 30, 2008, Veronica Chen offered Party A the right to exclusively purchase Party C’s equity interest held by Veronica Chen.
3. According to the Stock Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between Party B and Veronica Chen on February 27, 2008, Party B is assigned with the 12.5% equities of Party C by Veronica Chen and the entire credit-debt relationship with Party C incurred from Veronica Chen.
4. To reflect Part B’s succeeding the Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement signed between Party A, Party C and Party D, each party hereby makes amendment and restatement to this agreement as follows:
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties to this agreement hereby agree on April 21, 2008 as follows:
Chapter One. Purchases and Sale of Equity Interest
1.1 Authorizations
Party B hereby irrevocably delivers to Party A, under the laws of the PRC, an irrevocable sole authority of, following the steps decided by Party A, and the price specified in 1.3 of this agreement, purchasing by Party A or by one or more persons designated by Party A (the “Designated Persons”) at any time from Party B of its all or part of the equity interest of Party C (“Purchase Right of Equity Interest”). Besides Party A and the Designated Persons, any third party does not have such Purchase Right of Equity Interest. Party C hereby agrees the delivery of Purchase Right of Equity Interest from Party B to Party A. As specified in this and this agreement, the “person” has the meaning of a person, corporation, joint venture, partnership, enterprise, trust or non-corporation organization.

 

 


 

1.2 Steps
Upon and subject to the laws and regulations of PRC, Party A may send a written notice (the “Notice of Purchase of Equity Interest”) to Party B upon its performance of purchase to explain in detail the way of purchase.
1.3 Purchase Price
Except as requested by laws of P.R.C to evaluate, the price of the Purchased Equity Interest (“Purchase Price”) shall be an equivalent of the actual amount of the Purchased Equity Interest contributed by Party B.
1.4 Transfer of the Purchased Equity Interest
Every time upon Party A’s performance of the Purchase Right of Equity Interest:
(a) Party B shall supervise and urge Party C to convene the shareholders meeting, and during the meeting, to pass the decision or resolution to transfer the equity interest from Party B to Party A and/or the Designated Persons;
(b) Party B shall, upon the terms and conditions of this agreement and the Notice of Purchase of Equity Interest, enter into Equity Interest Transfer Agreement with Party A (or, in applicable situation, the Designated Persons); and
(c) The related parties shall execute all other requisite contracts, agreements or documents, acquire all requisite approval and consent of the government, and, without any security interest, perform all requisite action to transfer the valid ownership of the Purchased Equity Interest to Party A and/or the Designated Person, and to cause Party A and/or the Designated Person to be the registered owner of the Purchased Equity Interest. For this and this agreement, “Security Interest” has the meaning of security, mortgage, right or interest of the third party, any purchase right of equity interest, right of acquisition, prior purchase right, right of set-off, ownership detainment or other security arrangements. To further define the meaning, it does not include any security interest subject to this agreement or the equity interest pledge contract of Party B. As described in this and this agreement, “the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement of Party B” has the meaning of the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement entered into by Party D and Party B dated as of the execution date of this agreement. According to the said agreement, to secure Party C to perform the obligations subject to the Exclusive Technology Service Agreement entered into between Party C and Party D, Party B pledges all its equity interest in Party C to Party D.
1.5 Payment
Whereas contemplated in the Loan Agreement, any proceeds gained by Party B from the transfer of its equity interest in Party C shall be used, according to the Loan Agreement, as the payment to its loan borrowed from Party A. Therefore, except otherwise other arrangement shall be applied according to the applicable law, upon the performance of the Purchase Right of Equity Interest by Party A, the Purchase Price shall be used as the payment for the principal as well as the interests from Party B to Party A subject to the loan. Party A does not need pay the Purchase Price to Party B anymore.
Chapter Two. Promises Relating Equity Interest
2.1 Promises Relating Party C
Party C hereby promise:
(a) Without prior written consent by Party A, not, in any form, to complement, change or renew the articles of the association of Party C, to increase or decrease registered capital of the corporation, or to change the structure of the registered capital in any other forms;
(b) Following kind finance and business standard and tradition, to maintain the exist of the corporation, prudently and effectively operate business and process affairs;

 

 


 

(c) Without prior written consent by Party A, not, dated from the execution date of this agreement, to sale, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any assets, legitimate or beneficial interest of business or income of Party C, or to approve any other security interest set on it;
(d) Without prior written notice by Party A, no debt shall take place, be inherited, be guaranteed, or be allowed to exist, with the exception of: (i) debt from normal or daily business but not from borrowing; and (ii) debt having been disclosed to Party A or having gained written consent from Party A;
(e) To normally operate all business to maintain the asset value of Party C, without doing or otherwise any action that sufficiently affects the operation and asset value;
(f) Without prior written consent by Party A, not to enter into any material contract, with the exception of the contract entered into during the normal business (as in this paragraph, a contract with a value more than a hundred thousand Yuan (RMB100,000) shall be deemed as a material contract);
(g) Without prior written consent by Party A, not to provide loan or credit loan to anyone;
(h) Upon the request of Party A, to provide all operation and finance materials relevant to PartyA;
(j) Without prior written consent by Party A, Party C shall not to merger or associate with any person, or purchase any Person or invest in any Person;
(k) To notify Party A immediately the occurrence or the probable occurrence of the litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure related to the assets, business and income of Party C; (l) In order to keep the ownership of Party C to all its assets, to execute all requisite or appropriate documents, do all requisite or appropriate action, and advance all requisite or appropriate accusation, or make requisite or appropriate plea for all claims;
(m) Without prior written notice by Party A, not to assign stock interests to shareholders in any form, but upon the request of Party A, to assign all its assignable profits to their own shareholders;
2.2 Promises Relating Party B
Party B promises:
(a) Without prior written consent by Party A, as of the execution date of this agreement, not to sell, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any legitimate or beneficial interest of equity interest in Party C held by Party B, or to approve any other security interest set on it, with the exception of the pledge set on the equity interest of Party B subject to Equity Interest Pledge Agreement of Party B;
(b) Without prior written notice by Party A, not to cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by Party C not to approve or execute any approving document to, sale, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any legitimate or beneficial interest of equity interest, or to approve any other security interest set on it, with the exception of such actions made to Party A or the designated person of Party A;
(c) To cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by it not to approve or execute any approving document for Party C to, with no prior written notice by Party A, merger or associate with any person, or purchase any person or invest in any person;
(d) To notify Party A the occurrence or the probable occurrence of the litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure related to the equity interest owned by it;
(e) To cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by it to vote to approve the transfer of the Purchased Equity Interest subject to this agreement;

 

 


 

(f) In order to keep its ownership of the equity interest, to execute all requisite or appropriate documents, do all requisite or appropriate action, and advance all requisite or appropriate accusation, or make requisite or appropriate plea for all claims;
(g) Upon the request of Party A, to commission any person designated Party D to be the member of the board of directors of Party C;
(h) Upon the request of Party A at any time, to immediately transfer its equity interest to the representatives designated by Party A unconditionally and at any time, and abandon its prior purchase right of such equity interest transferring to another available shareholder;
(i) To prudently comply with the terms and conditions of this agreement and other agreements entered into totally or respectively by Party B, Party C and Party A., to actually perform all obligations under these agreements, without doing or otherwise any action that sufficiently affects the validity and enforceability of these agreements;
2.3 Promises Relating Party D
Considering Party B has impawned the stockholder’s right of Party C, hold by Party B, to Party D. Party D agrees that in case Party A exercises the right of purchasing stockholder’s right during the validity period of Equity Interest Pledge Agreement, Party B shall transfer the stockholder’s right to Party A or other appointed personnel in accordance with the agreement, the aforesaid transformation shall not be bound by the regulation that the transformation of Party B’s stockholder’s right shall be limited, in the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement.
3. Representations and Warranties
Representations and Warranties of Party B and Party C
Dated as of the execution date of this agreement and every transferring date, Party B and Party C hereby represents and warrants together and respectively to Party A as follows:
(a) It has the power and ability to enter into and deliver this agreement, and any equity interest-transferring agreement (“Transferring Agreement”, respectively) having it as a party, for every single transfer of the purchased equity interest according to this Agreement, and to perform its obligations under this agreement and any Transferring Agreement. Upon execution, this agreement and the Transferring Agreements having it as a party constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms;
(b) The execution, delivery of this agreement and any Transferring Agreement and performance of the obligations under this agreement and any Transferring Agreement do not: (i) cause to violate any relevant laws of PRC; (ii) constitute a conflict with its articles of association or other organizational documents; (iii) cause to breach any contract or instruments to which it is a party or having binding obligation on it, or cause to breach any contract or instruments to which it is a party or having binding obligation on it; (iv) cause to violate relevant authorization of any consent or approval to it and/or any continuing valid condition; or (v) cause any consent or approval authorized to it to be suspended, removed, or into which other requests be added;
(c) Party C bears the kind and sellable ownership of all assets. Party C does not set any security interest on the said assets;
(d) Party C does not have any undischarged debt, with the exception of (i) debt from its normal business; and (ii) debt having been disclosed to Party A and having gained written consent from Party A;
(e) Party C abides by all laws and regulations applicable to the purchase of assets;

 

 


 

(f) No litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure relating to equity interest, assets of Party C or the corporation is underway or to be decided or to probably take place; and
(g) It bears the kind and sellable ownership of its equity interest, it does not set any security interest on the said assets.
4. Effective Date
This agreement shall be established from the execution date of this agreement, and come into effect as of the date of Party B’s completing the change of equity interest transferred to Party B from Veronica Chen and has a validity period of 20 years.
5. Applicable Law and Dispute Resolution
5.1 Applicable Law
The execution, validity, construing and performance of this agreement, and resolution of the disputes under this agreement, shall be in accordance with officially published and publicly attainable laws of PRC (“PRC laws”). Issues not regulated by the PRC laws shall apply international legal rules and conventions.
5.2 Dispute Resolution
(a) Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
(b) Arbitration place shall be Beijing, PRC.
(c) Arbitration language shall be Chinese.
(d) The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint an arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint a arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator. The chief arbitrator shall not be Chinese citizen or United State citizen.
(e) Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with PRC Law (including but not being limited to Law of Contract of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
(f) Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.
6. Taxes and Expenses
Every party shall, according to laws of PRC, bear any and all transferring and registering taxes, costs and expenses for the preparation and execution of this Agreement and all Transferring Agreements, and those arising from or imposed on the party, to complete the transactions of this Agreement and all Transferring Agreements.

 

 


 

7. Notices
This agreement requests that notices or other communications sent by any party or corporation shall be written in Chinese or English, and be delivered in person, by mail or telecopy to other parties at the following addresses or other specified addresses noticed by other parties to the party. The date deemed to be duly given or made shall be confirmed as follows: (a) for notices delivered in person, the date of delivery shall be deemed as having been duly given or made; (b) for notices delivered by mail, the tenth day of the delivery date of air certified mail with postage prepaid (as shown on stamp) or the fourth day of the delivery date to an internationally certified delivery institution shall be deemed as having been duly given or made; and (c) for notices by telecopy, the receipt date showed on the delivery confirming paper of the relevant document shall be deemed as having been duly given or made.
Party A: eLong.Inc
Address: 4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-58602288
Addressee: Justin Tang
Party B: Guangfu Cui
Address: No.1, XiangHongqi Street, Haidian District, Beijing
Fax:
Tel:
Party C: Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd.
Registered Address: 2nd Floor, Xingke Plaza-C, 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District Beijing
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-5860228
Addressee: Justin Tang
Party D: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
Address: 10 Jiu Xian Qiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-5860228
Addressee: Justin Tang
8. Confidentiality
Both the parties admit and confirm any oral or written materials exchanged by the parties relating to this agreement are confidential. Both parties shall maintain the secrecy and confidentiality of all such materials. Without written approval by the other party, the party shall not disclose to ay third party any relevant materials, but with the exception of the following: (a) the public know or may know such materials (but not disclosed by the party accepting the materials); (b) materials needed to be disclosed subject to ordinance or listing rules or precedents of stock exchange; or (c) any party necessarily discloses materials to its legal or financial consultant relating the transaction of this agreement, and this legal or financial consultant shall have the obligation of confidentiality similar to that set forth in this. The breach of the obligation of confidentiality by staff or employed institution of any party shall be deemed as the breach of such obligation by that party, and by whom the liabilities for breach shall be bored. No matter this agreement may terminate by any reason, this shall continue in force and effect.
9. Further Warranties
The Parties to the agreement agree to promptly execute documents reasonably requisite to the performance of the provisions and the aim of this agreement or documents beneficial to it, and to take actions reasonably requisite to the performance of the provisions and the aim of this agreement or actions beneficial to it.

 

 


 

10. Miscellaneous
10.1 Amendment, Modification and Supplement
Upon amendment, modification and supplement of this agreement shall be subject to the written agreement executed by each party.
10.2 Observance of Laws and Regulations
The parties of the contract shall observe and make sure the operation of each party fully observe all laws and regulations of PRC officially published and publicly gainable.
10.3 Entire Contract
Except the written amendment, supplement and modification of this agreement upon the date of execution, this agreement shall constitute the entire contract of the parties hereto with respect to the object hereof and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements, representation and contracts with respect to the object hereof.
10.4 Headings
The headings contained in this agreement are for convenience of reading only and shall not affect the interpretation, explanation or in any other way the meaning of the provisions of this agreement.
10.5 Language
This agreement is executed in Chinese in quadruplicate.
10.6 Severability
If any one or more provisions of this agreement are judged as invalid, illegal or nonenforceable in any way according to any laws or regulations, the validity, legality and enforceability of other provisions hereof shall not be affected or impaired in any way. All parties shall, through sincere consultation, urge to replace those invalid, illegal or nonenforceable provisions with valid ones, and from such valid provisions, similar economic effects shall be tried to reach as from those invalid, illegal or non-enforceable provisions.
10.7 Successor
This Contract shall bind and benefit the successor of each party and the transferee allowed by each party.
10.8 Survival
(a) Any obligation taking place or at term hereof prior to the end or termination ahead of the end of this agreement shall continue in force and effect notwithstanding the occurrence of the end or termination ahead of the end of the agreement.
(b) Item 5, Item 7 and Item 10.8 hereof shall continue in force and effect after the termination of this agreement.
10.9 Waiver
Any party to this agreement may waive the terms and conditions of this agreement. Such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the party or parties to be bound thereby.

 

 


 

Any waiver by a party to the breach hereof by other parties in certain situation shall not be construed as a waiver to any similar breach by other parties in other situation.
IN WITNESS THEREFORE, the parties hereof have caused this agreement to be executed by Parties to this Agreement or through their duly authorized representatives as of the date first written above.
Party A: eLong, Inc.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Chris Chan
 
   
Party B: Guangfu Cui
         
Signature:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
   
Party C: Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
Party D: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]

 

 

EX-4.34 10 c86271exv4w34.htm EXHIBIT 4.34 Exhibit 4.34
Exhibit 4.34
Third Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
eLong.Inc (hereinafter “Party A”)
Registered Address: 4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Jack Wang (hereinafter “Party B”)
ID No.: 11010519730528111X
Address: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Party C”)
Registered Address: 2nd Floor, Xingke Plaza-C, 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Party D”)
Registered Address: 10 Jiu Xian Qiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
WHEREAS:
1. Party A is a company registered and established in Cayman Islands; Party B is a PRC resident; Party C is a limited liability company established and validly existing in accordance with PRC laws; Party D is a wholly foreign owned enterprise established and validly existing in accordance with PRC laws, and is a wholly owned company of Party A.
2. According to the Exclusively Purchase Agreement signed between Party B, Party C, Party D and Raymond Huang, hold with the 12.5% equities of Party C on December 30, 2008, Raymond Huang offered Party A the right to exclusively purchase Party C’s equity interest held by Raymond Huang.
3. According to the Stock Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between Party B and Raymond Huang on February 27, 2008, Party B is assigned with the 12.5% equities of Party C by Raymond Huang and the entire credit-debt relationship with Party C incurred from Raymond Huang.
4. To reflect Part B’s succeeding the Amended and Restated Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement signed between Party A, Party C and Party D, each party hereby makes amendment and restatement to this agreement as follows:
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties to this agreement hereby agree on April 21, 2008 as follows:
Chapter One. Purchases and Sale of Equity Interest
1.1 Authorizations
Party B hereby irrevocably delivers to Party A, under the laws of the PRC, an irrevocable sole authority of, following the steps decided by Party A, and the price specified in 1.3 of this agreement, purchasing by Party A or by one or more persons designated by Party A (the “Designated Persons”) at any time from Party B of its all or part of the equity interest of Party C (“Purchase Right of Equity Interest”). Besides Party A and the Designated Persons, any third party does not have such Purchase Right of Equity Interest. Party C hereby agrees the delivery of Purchase Right of Equity Interest from Party B to Party A. As specified in this and this agreement, the “person” has the meaning of a person, corporation, joint venture, partnership, enterprise, trust or non-corporation organization.

 

 


 

1.2 Steps
Upon and subject to the laws and regulations of PRC, Party A may send a written notice (the “Notice of Purchase of Equity Interest”) to Party B upon its performance of purchase to explain in detail the way of purchase.
1.3 Purchase Price
Except as requested by laws of P.R.C to evaluate, the price of the Purchased Equity Interest (“Purchase Price”) shall be an equivalent of the actual amount of the Purchased Equity Interest contributed by Party B.
1.4 Transfer of the Purchased Equity Interest
Every time upon Party A’s performance of the Purchase Right of Equity Interest:
(a) Party B shall supervise and urge Party C to convene the shareholders meeting, and during the meeting, to pass the decision or resolution to transfer the equity interest from Party B to Party A and/or the Designated Persons;
(b) Party B shall, upon the terms and conditions of this agreement and the Notice of Purchase of Equity Interest, enter into Equity Interest Transfer Agreement with Party A (or, in applicable situation, the Designated Persons); and
(c) The related parties shall execute all other requisite contracts, agreements or documents, acquire all requisite approval and consent of the government, and, without any security interest, perform all requisite action to transfer the valid ownership of the Purchased Equity Interest to Party A and/or the Designated Person, and to cause Party A and/or the Designated Person to be the registered owner of the Purchased Equity Interest. For this and this agreement, “Security Interest” has the meaning of security, mortgage, right or interest of the third party, any purchase right of equity interest, right of acquisition, prior purchase right, right of set-off, ownership detainment or other security arrangements. To further define the meaning, it does not include any security interest subject to this agreement or the equity interest pledge contract of Party B. As described in this and this agreement, “the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement of Party B” has the meaning of the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement entered into by Party D and Party B dated as of the execution date of this agreement. According to the said agreement, to secure Party C to perform the obligations subject to the Exclusive Technology Service Agreement entered into between Party C and Party D, Party B pledges all its equity interest in Party C to Party D.
1.5 Payment
Whereas contemplated in the Loan Agreement, any proceeds gained by Party B from the transfer of its equity interest in Party C shall be used, according to the Loan Agreement, as the payment to its loan borrowed from Party A. Therefore, except otherwise other arrangement shall be applied according to the applicable law, upon the performance of the Purchase Right of Equity Interest by Party A, the Purchase Price shall be used as the payment for the principal as well as the interests from Party B to Party A subject to the loan. Party A does not need pay the Purchase Price to Party B anymore.

 

 


 

Chapter Two. Promises Relating Equity Interest
2.1 Promises Relating Party C
Party C hereby promise:
(a) Without prior written consent by Party A, not, in any form, to complement, change or renew the articles of the association of Party C, to increase or decrease registered capital of the corporation, or to change the structure of the registered capital in any other forms;
(b) Following kind finance and business standard and tradition, to maintain the exist of the corporation, prudently and effectively operate business and process affairs;
(c) Without prior written consent by Party A, not, dated from the execution date of this agreement, to sale, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any assets, legitimate or beneficial interest of business or income of Party C, or to approve any other security interest set on it;
(d) Without prior written notice by Party A, no debt shall take place, be inherited, be guaranteed, or be allowed to exist, with the exception of: (i) debt from normal or daily business but not from borrowing; and (ii) debt having been disclosed to Party A or having gained written consent from Party A;
(e) To normally operate all business to maintain the asset value of Party C, without doing or otherwise any action that sufficiently affects the operation and asset value;
(f) Without prior written consent by Party A, not to enter into any material contract, with the exception of the contract entered into during the normal business (as in this paragraph, a contract with a value more than a hundred thousand Yuan (RMB100,000) shall be deemed as a material contract);
(g) Without prior written consent by Party A, not to provide loan or credit loan to anyone;
(h) Upon the request of Party A, to provide all operation and finance materials relevant to PartyA;
(j) Without prior written consent by Party A, Party C shall not to merger or associate with any person, or purchase any Person or invest in any Person;
(k) To notify Party A immediately the occurrence or the probable occurrence of the litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure related to the assets, business and income of Party C; (l) In order to keep the ownership of Party C to all its assets, to execute all requisite or appropriate documents, do all requisite or appropriate action, and advance all requisite or appropriate accusation, or make requisite or appropriate plea for all claims;
(m) Without prior written notice by Party A, not to assign stock interests to shareholders in any form, but upon the request of Party A, to assign all its assignable profits to their own shareholders;
2.2 Promises Relating Party B
Party B promises:
(a) Without prior written consent by Party A, as of the execution date of this agreement, not to sell, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any legitimate or beneficial interest of equity interest in Party C held by Party B, or to approve any other security interest set on it, with the exception of the pledge set on the equity interest of Party B subject to Equity Interest Pledge Agreement of Party B;

 

 


 

(b) Without prior written notice by Party A, not to cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by Party C not to approve or execute any approving document to, sale, transfer, mortgage or dispose in any other form any legitimate or beneficial interest of equity interest, or to approve any other security interest set on it, with the exception of such actions made to Party A or the designated person of Party A;
(c) To cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by it not to approve or execute any approving document for Party C to, with no prior written notice by Party A, merger or associate with any person, or purchase any person or invest in any person;
(d) To notify Party A the occurrence or the probable occurrence of the litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure related to the equity interest owned by it;
(e) To cause the Board of Shareholders commissioned by it to vote to approve the transfer of the Purchased Equity Interest subject to this agreement;
(f) In order to keep its ownership of the equity interest, to execute all requisite or appropriate documents, do all requisite or appropriate action, and advance all requisite or appropriate accusation, or make requisite or appropriate plea for all claims;
(g) Upon the request of Party A, to commission any person designated Party D to be the member of the board of directors of Party C;
(h) Upon the request of Party A at any time, to immediately transfer its equity interest to the representatives designated by Party A unconditionally and at any time, and abandon its prior purchase right of such equity interest transferring to another available shareholder;
(i) To prudently comply with the terms and conditions of this agreement and other agreements entered into totally or respectively by Party B, Party C and Party A., to actually perform all obligations under these agreements, without doing or otherwise any action that sufficiently affects the validity and enforceability of these agreements;
2.3 Promises Relating Party D
Considering Party B has impawned the stockholder’s right of Party C, hold by Party B, to Party D. Party D agrees that in case Party A exercises the right of purchasing stockholder’s right during the validity period of Equity Interest Pledge Agreement, Party B shall transfer the stockholder’s right to Party A or other appointed personnel in accordance with the agreement, the aforesaid transformation shall not be bound by the regulation that the transformation of Party B’s stockholder’s right shall be limited, in the Equity Interest Pledge Agreement.
3. Representations and Warranties
Representations and Warranties of Party B and Party C
Dated as of the execution date of this agreement and every transferring date, Party B and Party C hereby represents and warrants together and respectively to Party A as follows:
(a) It has the power and ability to enter into and deliver this agreement, and any equity interest-transferring agreement (“Transferring Agreement”, respectively) having it as a party, for every single transfer of the purchased equity interest according to this Agreement, and to perform its obligations under this agreement and any Transferring Agreement. Upon execution, this agreement and the Transferring Agreements having it as a party constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms;

 

 


 

(b) The execution, delivery of this agreement and any Transferring Agreement and performance of the obligations under this agreement and any Transferring Agreement do not: (i) cause to violate any relevant laws of PRC; (ii) constitute a conflict with its articles of association or other organizational documents; (iii) cause to breach any contract or instruments to which it is a party or having binding obligation on it, or cause to breach any contract or instruments to which it is a party or having binding obligation on it; (iv) cause to violate relevant authorization of any consent or approval to it and/or any continuing valid condition; or (v) cause any consent or approval authorized to it to be suspended, removed, or into which other requests be added;
(c) Party C bears the kind and sellable ownership of all assets. Party C does not set any security interest on the said assets;
(d) Party C does not have any undischarged debt, with the exception of (i) debt from its normal business; and (ii) debt having been disclosed to Party A and having gained written consent from Party A;
(e) Party C abides by all laws and regulations applicable to the purchase of assets;
(f) No litigation, arbitration or administrative procedure relating to equity interest, assets of Party C or the corporation is underway or to be decided or to probably take place; and
(g) It bears the kind and sellable ownership of its equity interest, it does not set any security interest on the said assets.
4. Effective Date
This agreement shall be established from the execution date of this agreement, and come into effect as of the date of Party B’s completing the change of equity interest transferred to Party B from Raymond Huang and has a validity period of 20 years.
5. Applicable Law and Dispute Resolution
5.1 Applicable Law
The execution, validity, construing and performance of this agreement, and resolution of the disputes under this agreement, shall be in accordance with officially published and publicly attainable laws of PRC (“PRC laws”). Issues not regulated by the PRC laws shall apply international legal rules and conventions.
5.2 Dispute Resolution
(a) Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
(b) Arbitration place shall be Beijing, PRC.
(c) Arbitration language shall be Chinese.

 

 


 

(d) The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint an arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint a arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator. The chief arbitrator shall not be Chinese citizen or United State citizen.
(e) Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with PRC Law (including but not being limited to Law of Contract of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
(f) Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.
6. Taxes and Expenses
Every party shall, according to laws of PRC, bear any and all transferring and registering taxes, costs and expenses for the preparation and execution of this Agreement and all Transferring Agreements, and those arising from or imposed on the party, to complete the transactions of this Agreement and all Transferring Agreements.
7. Notices
This agreement requests that notices or other communications sent by any party or corporation shall be written in Chinese or English, and be delivered in person, by mail or telecopy to other parties at the following addresses or other specified addresses noticed by other parties to the party. The date deemed to be duly given or made shall be confirmed as follows: (a) for notices delivered in person, the date of delivery shall be deemed as having been duly given or made; (b) for notices delivered by mail, the tenth day of the delivery date of air certified mail with postage prepaid (as shown on stamp) or the fourth day of the delivery date to an internationally certified delivery institution shall be deemed as having been duly given or made; and (c) for notices by telecopy, the receipt date showed on the delivery confirming paper of the relevant document shall be deemed as having been duly given or made.
Party A: eLong.Inc
Address: 4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-58602288
Addressee: Justin Tang
Party B: Jack Wang
Address: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Fax:
Tel:

 

 


 

Party C: Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd.
Registered Address: 2nd Floor, Xingke Plaza-C, 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District Beijing
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-5860228
Addressee: Justin Tang
Party D: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
Address: 10 Jiu Xian Qiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Fax: 8610-64366019
Tel: 8610-5860228
Addressee: Justin Tang
8. Confidentiality
Both the parties admit and confirm any oral or written materials exchanged by the parties relating to this agreement are confidential. Both parties shall maintain the secrecy and confidentiality of all such materials. Without written approval by the other party, the party shall not disclose to ay third party any relevant materials, but with the exception of the following: (a) the public know or may know such materials (but not disclosed by the party accepting the materials); (b) materials needed to be disclosed subject to ordinance or listing rules or precedents of stock exchange; or (c) any party necessarily discloses materials to its legal or financial consultant relating the transaction of this agreement, and this legal or financial consultant shall have the obligation of confidentiality similar to that set forth in this. The breach of the obligation of confidentiality by staff or employed institution of any party shall be deemed as the breach of such obligation by that party, and by whom the liabilities for breach shall be bored. No matter this agreement may terminate by any reason, this shall continue in force and effect.
9. Further Warranties
The Parties to the agreement agree to promptly execute documents reasonably requisite to the performance of the provisions and the aim of this agreement or documents beneficial to it, and to take actions reasonably requisite to the performance of the provisions and the aim of this agreement or actions beneficial to it.
10. Miscellaneous
10.1 Amendment, Modification and Supplement
Upon amendment, modification and supplement of this agreement shall be subject to the written agreement executed by each party.
10.2 Observance of Laws and Regulations
The parties of the contract shall observe and make sure the operation of each party fully observe all laws and regulations of PRC officially published and publicly gainable.
10.3 Entire Contract
Except the written amendment, supplement and modification of this agreement upon the date of execution, this agreement shall constitute the entire contract of the parties hereto with respect to the object hereof and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements, representation and contracts with respect to the object hereof.

 

 


 

10.4 Headings
The headings contained in this agreement are for convenience of reading only and shall not affect the interpretation, explanation or in any other way the meaning of the provisions of this agreement.
10.5 Language
This agreement is executed in Chinese in quadruplicate.
10.6 Severability
If any one or more provisions of this agreement are judged as invalid, illegal or nonenforceable in any way according to any laws or regulations, the validity, legality and enforceability of other provisions hereof shall not be affected or impaired in any way. All parties shall, through sincere consultation, urge to replace those invalid, illegal or nonenforceable provisions with valid ones, and from such valid provisions, similar economic effects shall be tried to reach as from those invalid, illegal or non-enforceable provisions.
10.7 Successor
This Contract shall bind and benefit the successor of each party and the transferee allowed by each party.
10.8 Survival
(a) Any obligation taking place or at term hereof prior to the end or termination ahead of the end of this agreement shall continue in force and effect notwithstanding the occurrence of the end or termination ahead of the end of the agreement.
(b) Item 5, Item 7 and Item 10.8 hereof shall continue in force and effect after the termination of this agreement.
10.9 Waiver
Any party to this agreement may waive the terms and conditions of this agreement. Such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the party or parties to be bound thereby. Any waiver by a party to the breach hereof by other parties in certain situation shall not be construed as a waiver to any similar breach by other parties in other situation.
IN WITNESS THEREFORE, the parties hereof have caused this agreement to be executed by Parties to this Agreement or through their duly authorized representatives as of the date first written above.
Party A: eLong, Inc.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Chris Chan
 
   
Party B: Jack Wang
         
Signature:
  /s/ Jack Wang
 
   
Party C: Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
Party D: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]

 

 

EX-4.35 11 c86271exv4w35.htm EXHIBIT 4.35 Exhibit 4.35
Exhibit 4.35
Third Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement
[Note: Translation of original contract written in Chinese.]
This Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement (hereinafter the “Agreement”) is entered into on the day of April 21, 2008 (hereinafter the “Effective Date”) among the following parties:
eLong Net Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter “Party A”)
Address: 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
Beijing eLong Information Technology Co. Ltd (hereinafter “Party B”)
Address: 2nd Floor, Xingke Plaza-C, 10 Jiuxianqiao Street, Chaoyang District Beijing
Legal Representative: Justin Tang
Justin Tang (hereinafter “Party C”)
Address: Room 23A No. 1 Building, Yujing Garden, No.5 Shoutudong Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
ID No.: 3201061971032121236
Guangfu Cui (hereinafter “Party D”)
Address: No.1, XiangHongqi Street, Haidian District, Beijing
ID No.: 110108196902010857
Jack Wang (hereinafter “Party E”)
Address: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing
ID No.: 11010519730528111X
WHEREAS:
(1) Party A is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise with valid existence registered in the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter the “PRC”);
(2) Party B is a limited company registered under the law of PRC and engages in Internet service business;
(3) Party A and Party B established the business relationship by entering into the Technology Consultancy and Services Agreement (hereinafter the “Services Agreement”) on the date of February 1, 2001 in Beijing;
(4) Pursuant to Services Agreement between Party A and Party B, Party B shall pay a certain amount of money to Party A. However, Party B’s business operation will substantially affect Party A’s payment capability;
(5) Party C is a shareholder of Party B who owns 75% equity in Party B;
(6) Party A, Party B, Party C and Veronica Chen, who held 12.5% equity interest of Party B, and Raymond Huang, who held 12.5% equity interest of Party B signed The Second Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement on December 30th 2004 to clearly define the matters related to business of Party B.
(7) In accordance with the Equity Transfer and Debt Transfer Agreement signed between Party D, Veronica Chen and Raymond Huang, the former shareholders previously of Party B on April 21st 2008, Party D is ready to be assigned the 12.5% equity interest of Party B from Veronica Chen, and any credit and debt relationship formed between investment of Veronica Chen in Party B. Party E is ready to be assigned the 12.5% equity interest of Party B from Raymond Huang, and any credit and debt relationship formed between investment of Raymond Huang in Party B.

 

 


 

(8) To reflect Party D and Party E’s succession of Amended and Restated Business Operation Agreement signed between Veronica Chen, Raymond Huang and Party A, Party B and Party C on December 30th 2008, Party A, Party B, Party C, Party D and Party E hereby make a third amendment and restatement to the Business Operation Agreement as described in this agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, Party A, Party B, Party C, Party D and Party E through mutual negotiations hereby agree as follows:
1. In order to ensure Party B’s normal operation, Party A agrees, subject to Party B’s satisfaction of the relevant provisions herein, to act as the guarantor for Party B in the contracts, agreements or transactions in association with Party B’s operation between Party B and any other third party and to provide full guarantee for Party B in performing such contracts, agreements or transactions. Party B agrees to mortgage the receivables of its operation and the company’s whole asset to Party A as a counter guarantee. Pursuant to the above guarantee arrangement, Party A, as the guarantor for Party B, shall respectively enter into written guarantee contracts with Party B’s counter parties to assume the guarantee liability.
2. In consideration of the requirement of Article 1 herein and to ensure the performance of the various operation agreements between Party A and Party B and to ensure the payment of the various payables by Party B to Party A, Party B together with its shareholders Party C, Party D and Party E hereby jointly agree that Party B shall not conduct any transaction which may materially affect its assets, obligations, rights or the company’s operation unless the obtainment of a prior written consent from Party A, including without limitations to the following contents:
2.1 To borrow money from any third party or assume any debt (including contingent liability) from any third party;
2.2 To sell to any third party or acquire from any third party any assets or rights, including without limitations to any intellectual property rights;
2.3 To provide any security interest, financial burden or priority right for any third party with part or entire of its assets or intellectual property rights; and
2.4 To assign to any third party the agreements entered into with respect to part or entire of its business or any of its business.
3. Appointment of the Company’s Employees
3.1 In order to ensure the performance of the various operation agreements between Party A and Party B and to ensure the payment of the various payables by Party B to Party A, Party B together with its shareholders Party C, Party D and Party E hereby jointly agree to accept the provision of the corporate policies and guidance by Party A at no time in respects of appointment and dismissal of the company’s employees, the company’s daily operation administration and the company’s financial administrative system.
3.2 Party B together with its shareholders Party C, Party D and Party E hereby jointly agree that Party B, Party C and Party D shall only appoint the personnel recommended by Party A as the directors of Party B, and Party B shall engage Party A’s high ranking officers or any other candidate recommended by Party A as Party B’s general manager, chief financial officer, and other high ranking officers. If any of the above officers leaves or is fired by Party A, he or she will lose the qualification to undertake any positions in Party B and Party B, Party C and Party C shall appoint other high officers recommended by Party A to undertake such position.

 

 


 

4. Guarantees for Working Capital
The guarantee for the loan of working capital Party B together with its shareholders Party C and Party D hereby jointly agree and confirm that except the stipulation set forth in Article 1 herein, Party B shall seek a guarantee from Party A first if Party B needs any guarantee for its performance of any contract or loan of working capital in the course of operation. In this case, Party A shall have the right but not the obligation to provide appropriate guarantee to Party B on its own discretion. If Party A decides not to provide such guarantee, Party A shall issue a written notice to Party B immediately and Party B shall seek a guarantee from other third party.
5. Termination
5.1 In the event that any of the agreements between Party A and Party B terminates or expires, Party A shall have the right but not the obligation to terminate all agreements between Party A and Party B including without limitation to Services Agreement.
5.2 Party A has right to terminate the agreement by delivering 30 days’ written notice to Party B at any time. During the validity period of the agreement, except the regulations in the applicable law. Party B and Party C, Party D and Party E should not terminate the agreement in advance.
6. Compensation for Damage
All the parties agree that any party violating any obligation of the agreement shall compensate any or all loss, responsibility, expense, claim or expenditure (including without limitation to legal expense and expenditure), to any other party (Hereinafter “Party Accepting Compensation”), and guarantee that the Party Accepting Compensation shall not receive any damage.
7. Settlement of Distribution
7.1 The agreement shall be under the jurisdiction of the law of PRC, and be explained in accordance with the law of PRC.
7.2 Any dispute, tangle or claim arising from the agreement or relating with the agreement (including any issue relating with the existence, validity or termination of the agreement) should be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (the “Arbitration Commission”). Arbitration Commission shall conduct arbitration in accordance with the current effective rules of arbitration application. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties.
7.3 Arbitration place shall be in Beijing, PRC.
7.4 Arbitration language shall be Chinese.
7.5 The court of arbitration shall compose of three arbitrators. Both parties should respectively appoint an arbitrator, the chairman of the court of arbitration shall be appointed by both parties through consultation. In case both parties do not coincide in opinion of the person selected for the chief arbitrator within twenty days from the date of their respectively appoint an arbitrator, the director of Arbitration Commission shall have right to appoint the chief arbitrator.
7.6 Both parties agreed that the court of arbitration established according to the regulation shall have right to provide actually performed relief on the proper situation according with PRC Law (including but not being limited to Law of Contract of the People’s Republic of China). For the avoidance of doubt, both parties further that any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) shall carry out the arbitral award of actual performance issued by the court of arbitration.
7.7 Both parties agreed to conduct arbitration in accordance with this regulation, and irrepealably abstain the right to appeal, reexamine or prosecute to national court or other administration of justice in any form, and the precondition shall be that the aforesaid waiver is effective. However the waiver of both parties does not include any post-arbitration injunction, post-arbitration distress warrant or other command issued by any court having jurisdiction (including PRC Court) for terminating the arbitration procedure or carrying out any arbitral award.

 

 


 

8. Effectiveness of the Agreement
8.1 This Agreement shall be executed as of the date first set forth above and become effective since the date that Veronica Chen, Raymond Huang have completed their transference of equity interest change to Party D and Party E. The Agreement shall remain effective during existence of Party A (including any extended period).
8.2 Any amendment and supplement of this Agreement shall be in a written form. The amendment and supplement after being duly executed by each Party shall be part of this Agreement and shall have the same legal effect as this Agreement.
8.3 This Agreement is executed by Chinese in quadruplicate and each party holds one copy, which shall have the same legal effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by Parties to this Agreement or on their behalf by a duly authorized representative as of the Date first written above.
Party A: eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
Party B: Beijing eLong Information Technology Co. Ltd
         
Signature of Authorized Representative:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Official Seal: [stamped]
Party C: Justin Tang
         
Signature:
  /s/ Justin Tang
 
   
Party D: Guangfu Cui
         
Signature:
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
   
Party E: Jack Wang
         
Signature:
  /s/ Jack Wang
 
   

 

 

EX-4.36 12 c86271exv4w36.htm EXHIBIT 4.36 Exhibit 4.36
Exhibit 4.36
eLong, Inc. (the “Company”)
4th Floor, Hutchence David Century Garden
George Town, Grand Cayman
Cayman Islands
Justin Tang
Room 23A No. 1 Building, Yujing Garden, No.5 Shoutudong Street
Chaoyang District
Beijing, China
ID No.: 320106197103121236
Guangfu Cui
No.1, XiangHongqi Street
Haidian District
Beijing, China
ID number: 110108196902010857
Jack Wang
Address: 19th Floor, Liufangbeili Street
Chaoyang District
Beijing, China
ID No.: 11010519730528111X
Letter Agreement
Whereas Justin Tang and Guangfu Cui are the shareholders of Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co., Ltd. (“Asia Media”) and Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui and Jack Wang are the sole shareholders of Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Information”); and
Whereas Justin Tang, Guangfu Cui and Jack Wang have entered into certain agreements with the Company and with other subsidiaries, affiliates and variable interest entities (the “Prior Agreements”).
Now, therefore, the shareholders of Asia Media and the shareholders of Beijing Information, effective May 1, 2009, wish to clarify our mutual understandings of the following terms and agree to:
1. Unless required by PRC law, the shareholders of Beijing Information and Asia Media will not declare dividends or distribute bonuses during the contract period of the Loan Agreement. In the event any of the shareholders receives any profit, bonus, distribution or dividend from Beijing Information or Asia Media, the shareholder immediately shall return such profit, bonus, distribution or dividend to the Company or to any party designated by the Company.
2. Pursuant to the Exclusive Purchase Right Agreement, the shareholders of Beijing Information and Asia Media confirm that total consideration received from the transfer of the shares or sale of assets of Beijing Information and Asia Media shall first be applied to the outstanding loan balance under the Loan agreement. Any remaining consideration, after full repayment of the loan, will be remitted in full to eLong, Inc. as a nonreciprocal transfer. If such transfer is prohibited by PRC law, the shareholders will remit the consideration to the Company or its designees in a manner permitted under applicable law.

 

 


 

3. The Company agrees to provide Beijing Information (and its subsidiaries) and Asia Media financial support (which requires no repayment from Beijing Information and Asia Media) in the event, but not limited to Beijing Information and Asia Media incurring losses from their operations.
4. If PRC law requires Beijing Information or Asia Media to be dissolved or liquidated, Beijing Information and Asia Media shall sell all of their assets to the Company or other qualifying entity designated by the Company, at the lowest selling price permitted by applicable PRC law, any proceeds received from the transfer shall be refund to the Company to repay the loan promptly.
5. After mandatory liquidation described in Section 4 above, the shareholders of Beijing Information and Asia Media will remit in full to the Company any residual interest they receive in a nonreciprocal transfer. If such transfer is prohibited by PRC law, the shareholders of Beijing Information and Asia Media will remit the consideration to the Company or its designees in a manner permitted under applicable law.
6. Any material changes to the Prior Agreements shall require the preapproval of the Company.
In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Letter Agreement and the Prior Agreements, the terms of this Letter Agreement shall prevail.
                     
Signed:
  /s/ Mike Doyle
 
      Signed:   /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
   
eLong, Inc.       Guangfu Cui    
 
                   
Signed:
  /s/ Justin Tang       Signed:   /s/ Jack Wang    
 
                   
Justin Tang       Jack Wang    

 

 

EX-8.1 13 c86271exv8w1.htm EXHIBIT 8.1 Exhibit 8.1
Exhibit 8.1
Subsidiaries:
  eLongNet Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Bravado Investments Limited, a British Virgin Islands company.
  Shanghai Xinwang Computer Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC company.
Variable Interest Entities:
  Beijing eLong Information Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Beijing eLong Air Services Co., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Beijing eLong International Travel Co., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Beijing Asia Media Interactive Advertising Co. Ltd., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Beijing Xici Interactive Information Technology Co. Ltd., Ltd., a PRC company.
  Hangzhou eLong Air Service Co., Ltd., a PRC company.

 

 

EX-12.1 14 c86271exv12w1.htm EXHIBIT 12.1 Exhibit 12.1
Exhibit 12.1
I, Guangfu Cui, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of eLong, Inc.;
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.   The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)) for the company and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
Date: June 17, 2009
             
By:   /s/ Guangfu Cui    
         
 
  Name:   Guangfu Cui    
 
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer    

 

 

EX-12.2 15 c86271exv12w2.htm EXHIBIT 12.2 Exhibit 12.2
Exhibit 12.2
I, Mike Doyle, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of eLong, Inc.;
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.   The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)) for the company and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
Date: June 17, 2009
             
By:   /s/ Mike Doyle    
         
 
  Name:   Mike Doyle    
 
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer    

 

 

EX-13.1 16 c86271exv13w1.htm EXHIBIT 13.1 Exhibit 13.1
Exhibit 13.1
eLong, Inc.
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(B) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
In connection with the Annual Report of eLong, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Guangfu Cui, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, that:
(1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company as of December 31, 2008 and results of operations of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2008.
         
 
  /s/ Guangfu Cui
 
Name: Guangfu Cui
   
 
  Title: Chief Executive Officer    
 
  Date: June 17, 2009    

 

 

EX-13.2 17 c86271exv13w2.htm EXHIBIT 13.2 Exhibit 13.2
Exhibit 13.2
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(B) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
In connection with the Annual Report of eLong, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Mike Doyle, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, that:
(3)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(4)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company as of December 31, 2008 and results of operations of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2008.
         
 
  /s/ Mike Doyle    
 
       
 
  Name: Mike Doyle    
 
  Title: Chief Financial Officer    
 
  Date: June 17, 2009    

 

 

EX-15.1 18 c86271exv15w1.htm EXHIBIT 15.1 Exhibit 15.1
Exhibit 15.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-126381) pertaining to eLong, Inc. Stock Option Plan dated April 18, 2001 and eLong, Inc. Stock and Annual Incentive Plan dated July 23, 2004 of our reports dated June 2, 2009, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of eLong, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of eLong, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 20-F) for the year ended December 31, 2008.
     
/s/ Ernst & Young Hua Ming
   
 
Beijing, The People’s Republic of China
   
June 17, 2009
   

 

 

EX-15.2 19 c86271exv15w2.htm EXHIBIT 15.2 Exhibit 15.2
Exhibit 15.2
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors of eLong, Inc.:
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 333-126381) on Form S-8 of eLong, Inc. of our report dated June 24, 2008, with respect to the consolidated balance sheet of eLong, Inc. as of December 31, 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007, which report appears in the December 31, 2008 annual report on Form 20-F of eLong, Inc. Our report on the consolidated financial statements refers to a change in the method of accounting for employee share-based arrangements as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment”, effective January 1, 2006.
     
/s/ KPMG
   
 
Hong Kong, China
   
June 17, 2009
   

 

 

EX-15.3 20 c86271exv15w3.htm EXHIBIT 15.3 Exhibit 15.3

Exhibit 15.3

[Letterhead of TransAsia Lawyers]

17 June 2009

eLong, Inc.
Block B, XingKe Plaza Building
10 Middle Jiuxianqiao Road
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100016
People’s Republic of China

Dear Sirs:

We consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Regulation” in “Item 4: Information on the Company” in eLong, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in the month of June 2009.

Yours faithfully,
 

/s/ TransAsia Lawyers               
TransAsia Lawyers

 

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