-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, R+4P/WM4HwqCAF+OzWvKHItI6Fd6V2jwMt4I/2YUsUnwjTQ6AHmNtiVitMfYRn1x /1Yxl64dKz4k46ThmETrLA== 0001104659-06-015781.txt : 20060310 0001104659-06-015781.hdr.sgml : 20060310 20060310155659 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001104659-06-015781 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 6 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20051231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20060310 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20060310 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LECG CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001192305 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-MANAGEMENT CONSULTING SERVICES [8742] IRS NUMBER: 810569994 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-50464 FILM NUMBER: 06679379 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2000 POWELL ST STREET 2: STE 600 CITY: EMERYVILLE STATE: CA ZIP: 94608 BUSINESS PHONE: 5106539800 10-K 1 a06-1856_110k.htm ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 AND 15(D)

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K


x                                 ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2005

OR

o                                   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from             to

Commission File Number 000-50464

LECG CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

 

81-0569994

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

(IRS Employer
Identification Number)

2000 Powell Street, Suite 600

 

 

Emeryville, California 94608

 

(510) 985-6700

(Address of principal executive offices including
zip code)

 

(Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code)

 

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

None

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:

Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated or a non-accelerated filer. (See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large accelerated filer o      Accelerated filer x      Non-accelerated filer o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

The approximate aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2005 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $407,688,776* (based on the closing price for the common stock on the NASDAQ National Market on such date).

As of February 28, 2006, there were 24,258,599 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant’s 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the conclusion of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.

* Excludes the Common Stock held by executive officers, directors and stockholders whose ownership equals or exceeds 10% of the Common Stock outstanding at June 30, 2005. This calculation does not reflect a determination that such persons are affiliates for any other purposes.

 




INDEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item

 

 

 

Page

 

Part I

 

1.

 

 

Business

 

 

3

 

 

1A.

 

 

Risk Factors

 

 

16

 

 

1B.

 

 

Unresolved Staff Comments

 

 

22

 

 

2.

 

 

Properties

 

 

22

 

 

3.

 

 

Legal Proceedings

 

 

23

 

 

4.

 

 

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

 

23

 

 

Part II

 

5.

 

 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

 

24

 

 

6.

 

 

Selected Financial Data

 

 

25

 

 

7.

 

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of
Operations

 

 

26

 

 

7A.

 

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

 

43

 

 

8.

 

 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

 

44

 

 

9.

 

 

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting and Financial
Disclosure

 

 

74

 

 

9A.

 

 

Controls and Procedures

 

 

74

 

 

9B.

 

 

Other Information

 

 

75

 

 

Part III

 

10.

 

 

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

 

76

 

 

11.

 

 

Executive Compensation

 

 

79

 

 

12.

 

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

 

79

 

 

13.

 

 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

 

 

79

 

 

14.

 

 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

 

79

 

 

Part IV

 

15.

 

 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

80

 

 

 

 

 

Signatures

 

 

86

 

 

 

2




PART I

ITEM 1.   BUSINESS

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion and other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K concerning our future business, operating and financial condition and statements using the terms “believes,” “expects,” “will,” “could,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “intends,” “potential,” “continue,” “should,” “may,” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions are “forward-looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon our current expectations as of the date of this Report. There may be events in the future that we are not able to accurately predict or control that may cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Information contained in these forward-looking statements is inherently uncertain, and actual performance is subject to a number of risks, including but not limited to, (1) our ability to successfully attract, integrate and retain our experts and professional staff, (2) dependence on key personnel, (3) successful management of professional staff, (4) dependence on growth of our service offerings, (5) our ability to maintain and attract new business, (6) successful management of additional hiring and acquisitions, (7) potential professional liability, (8) intense competition and (9) risks inherent in international operations. Further information on these and other potential risk factors that could affect our financial results may be described from time to time in our periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and include those set forth in this Report under “Risk Factors.” We cannot guarantee any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievement. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this Report.

Introduction

We provide expert services. Our highly credentialed experts and professional staff address complex, unstructured business and public policy problems. We deliver independent expert testimony and original authoritative studies in both adversarial and non-adversarial environments. We conduct economic, financial and statistical analyses to provide objective opinions and strategic advice to legislative, judicial, regulatory and business decision makers. Our skills include factual and statistical analyses, report preparation and presentation, electronic discovery and data collection and forensic accounting. Our experts are renowned academics, former senior government officials, experienced industry leaders, technical analysts and seasoned consultants. We are organized and operate in a manner that is attractive to our experts by providing them with autonomy, flexibility and the support of a highly capable professional staff. Our clients include Fortune Global 500 corporations, major law firms and local, state and federal governments and agencies in the United States and other countries throughout the world.

The growth in our number of experts and professional staff has been significant. In 2005, we increased our number of experts by 20% to 348 and increased our number of professional staff by 41% to 563 and now have 33 offices in ten countries. Our growth has enabled us to deepen our existing service offerings, as well as to add experts and professional staff in new practice areas.

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT FOR EXPERT SERVICES

Demand for expert services

Businesses, courts, arbitration panels, tribunals, regulatory authorities, legislative bodies and boards of directors throughout the world use independent expert analysis and advice to help resolve disputes through litigation, arbitration and negotiation, as well as to understand and address the impact of regulation and legislation. These processes generate ongoing demand for original economic, financial and statistical analyses, irrespective of the business cycle. The credibility of expert analysis and advice is enhanced if the work is independent, is prepared by highly qualified individuals and is informed by the objective facts and circumstances concerned. Judges, jurors, arbitrators, legislators, senior executives and boards of directors

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tend to give greater weight to experts who do not have a vested interest in the outcome. When trying to resolve or assess important, complex issues, it is frequently insufficient to rely on already published studies. Typically, original and forensic analysis must be conducted based on specific data, documents and facts.

Dispute resolution and decision-making

Disputes are an inherent element of the economy and occur regardless of the business cycle. Disputes that require expert analysis and advice typically involve significant financial impact for the parties involved, and as the costs of, or potential for, adverse outcomes increase, the demand for expert services grows. Expert analysis and advice can also help shape policy choices and can help guide affected parties’ responses. The dispute resolution and decision-making processes can be assisted by independent, objective expert analysis of facts, data, causes and consequences.

·                    Litigation.   Complex litigation continues to grow, driven by legislative ambiguities, regulatory activities, judicial interpretations and private actions, including class actions. Litigation arises from many areas of economic activity, including mergers and acquisitions, intellectual property and taxation. Hundreds of millions of dollars in damages are frequently sought and sometimes awarded in the United States. Both defendants and plaintiffs seek expert analysis and advice to inform courts, arbitration panels and juries in determining appropriate remedies.

Many aspects of business behavior, including mergers and acquisitions, pricing policies, collaborative arrangements, exclusivity arrangements and patent licensing are scrutinized by governments and private parties with respect to antitrust issues. Antitrust scrutiny creates the need for analyses of effects of mergers and acquisitions, assessment of organizational arrangements and distribution policies, pricing behavior and pricing patterns. While the United States has led the development of antitrust laws, many non-U.S. jurisdictions are increasingly applying antitrust policies, procedures and methods of analysis and assessment. The result is a high degree of transferability of and demand for independent expert analysis and advice across jurisdictional boundaries.

Intellectual property disputes have also increased as intellectual property rights, including patents, trade secrets, copyrights and trademarks have become more important and valuable. The rate and complexity of patent applications filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office have grown dramatically in the last decade. In addition, new fields for which patents were not issued 30 years ago, such as biotechnology and software, are now significant areas for patent applications in the United States. Claims of patent infringement are common and often require independent valuations and assessments. The increased complexity of patent applications and the increased value of these intangible assets have created a significant amount of intellectual property-based litigation. Determination of lost profits, reasonable royalties, valuations and other market impacts require detailed economic, financial and statistical analysis.

·                    Arbitration.   Arbitration is often used to resolve commercial disputes under long-term contracts arising from changes in the business environment due to a number of factors, including government action, new technology and shifts in critical input costs. For instance, long-term gas supply contracts for electric utilities may not be able to adequately address changes in world energy prices, and contracting parties may seek a resolution to these unanticipated changes through arbitration rather than litigation. Parties increasingly rely on arbitration to maintain commercial contracts over time. Authoritative reports are often commissioned to analyze unanticipated changes and help determine the appropriate adjustments that should be made.

·                    Negotiation.   In commercial contexts, parties frequently negotiate to resolve disputes in order to avoid litigation or arbitration. Negotiation is less structured than litigation or arbitration and often involves multiple parties to a transaction or to a settlement. A report or a finding from an

4




expert known to be knowledgeable and independent can help resolve disputes. For instance, in the environmental claims area, the resolution of disputes regarding recoveries or the assessment of exposure can be aided by authoritative reports that calculate the exposure among all parties, including insurers.

·                    Regulation.   Government regulation remains considerable and involves high stakes for new and existing businesses. For example, the United States telecommunications industry has over 50 active regulatory agencies, including state agencies, the Federal Communications Commission, and the Department of Justice. In addition to specific regulations covering industries such as electricity, telecommunications, mail, insurance, financial markets, healthcare, railroads and airlines, there are general regulations such as health and safety, environmental protection and international trade.

In many instances, affected parties engage experts to evaluate the economic and financial impact of regulation. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 generated the submission of a number of studies and reports by affected parties in an effort to influence rule making by the Federal Communications Commission. Regulatory decisions are frequently challenged in the courts, often resulting in demand for additional studies. Regulatory activity has increased internationally. For example, as the European Union seeks increasingly to harmonize financial services rules across its internal market, the regulatory role of the European Commission has grown correspondingly. Regulatory decisions in Europe have a corresponding impact on financial markets and institutions in the United States. Consequently, United States governmental agencies such as the Federal Reserve have a strong interest in the regulatory environments in which these institutions operate outside the United States. Demand for expert analysis on regulatory issues is both domestic and international, as regulators around the world increasingly draw upon the skills of outside experts to help shape and improve policy.

·                    Legislation.   Representative bodies around the world, such as legislatures and parliaments, continuously modify the rules by which society and the economy are organized. The legislative process frequently provides an opportunity for experts to study legislative impact on behalf of businesses and trade associations. In the United States, legislative bodies and executive branches of government often seek expert advice, as do corporations and trade associations. Legislation will often have a material impact on national, state and local economies. For example, environmental legislation like the Clean Air Act and securities legislation like the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 have had significant economic impact on businesses. Authoritative reports, detailed analysis and the presentation of data can shape business behavior and legislative and market outcomes. Once enacted, legislation invites further analyses and creates the opportunity to provide compliance studies and impact assessments.

Supply of expert services

Experts come from universities, think tanks, public and private research laboratories, governmental bodies, private enterprises and professional services firms. Many potential providers of expert services do not readily offer expert analysis or advice as an identified line of business.

Large-scale original studies and analyses often cannot be done in an expert’s primary workplace or are unsuited to traditional consulting environments. For instance, most universities, think tanks and laboratories do not allow faculty or staff to use the institution’s facilities or students when they are on private consulting engagements. Traditional consulting firms are also not designed to support highly specialized experts. Management consulting firms often operate by leveraging particular methodologies and concepts. Providing expert services requires specific analysis and highly customized approaches and can involve the analysis of large numbers of documents and electronic data related to the issues at hand.

5




In order to efficiently and effectively provide expert services, an organization must satisfy the needs of its experts and address the issues facing its clients. Traditional styles of employment often do not work well for many highly talented experts. Effectively utilizing the capabilities and energies of talented experts, while simultaneously providing independent analysis of issues confronting clients, often requires organizational structure, organizational culture and support systems of a non-traditional kind.

Addressing expert needs

Experts provide a unique managerial challenge because they are highly intelligent, highly educated, highly independent and self-motivated and may have already enjoyed senior management and/or professional status. We believe experts desire to work in an organization that enables professional autonomy, brings together other experts with deep substantive knowledge, aligns incentives to enhance returns for both the expert and the firm, employs experienced professional staff with strong analytical and project management skills and provides a supportive, less bureaucratic infrastructure.

·                    High autonomy.   Experts are leaders in their fields and desire to maintain their independence. We believe traditional employer-employee authority structures and bureaucratic policies inhibit the productivity of experts and often run counter to experts’ professional values. Experts require transparency and professional independence.

·                    Flexible workplace environment.   In some cases, experts may maintain employment status in other organizations, such as universities, think tanks or research laboratories. These organizations typically allow experts to pursue independent projects and engagements for some part of their professional time. These experts seek an organizational environment that permits them to maintain their primary employment and effectively utilize the time they have available for outside consulting.

·                    Objective rewards.   Because professional activities for experts are substantially self-directed, and because of the need for high autonomy, reward systems are more effective if they are tied to objective financial criteria over which the expert has significant control.

·                    Association with other experts.   Experts benefit from being able to call upon the expertise of their colleagues. The bringing together of experts in an expert services organization can create a collegial environment in which knowledge can be exchanged, and colleagues can share work, ideas, professional experiences and client opportunities.

·                    Professional staff and support infrastructure.   Engagements often include a multitude of tasks that require various levels of expertise and sophistication. Expert services are typically requested or required in time-sensitive matters with high financial impact where effective professional staff, and occasionally other experts, are critical factors in completing an engagement. The ability to leverage professional staff enables experts to focus their time on the high level components of a project. Also, because reputations are at stake when experts testify, experts require and demand experienced professional staff who can assist them on substantive issues including data collection, statistical analysis, presentation preparation and project management.

Addressing client challenges

Expert services are highly specialized and their effective delivery requires identifying individuals with substantive knowledge of the specific problems or issues under consideration, quality reputations and the ability to clearly communicate and defend analyses and advice under rigorous questioning or cross-examination. On-time performance is critical, especially when there are deadlines for reports and appearances before judges, juries, arbitrators and legislators. In addition, clients expect that experts will be efficient in leveraging the capabilities of professional staff to reduce costs.

6




OUR COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS

Our competitive strengths enable us to provide high-quality, independent expert testimony, original authoritative studies and strategic advice to Fortune Global 500 companies, major law firms and local, state and federal government agencies in the United States and internationally. We continually seek new talent to deepen our existing capabilities as well as expand into new areas. We believe that our experts’ qualifications, independence and pursuit of excellence give us a strong presence in the marketplace for expert services. We have developed a business model that meets the needs of our experts and addresses the issues facing our clients.

Renowned experts

Our experts include internationally recognized faculty and former faculty from many of the world’s best universities, and include significant contributors to academic and professional literature in economics and finance. These experts offer high level expertise in areas such as antitrust, complex financial damages, forensic accounting, electronic discovery, environmental damages assessment, telecommunications regulation and deregulation, bankruptcy, corporate restructuring, electricity market design, public policy, healthcare and intellectual property valuation. Many of our experts also have valuable hands-on industry experience or have worked in or with government agencies, such as the United States Department of Justice, United States Securities and Exchange Commission, United States Federal Trade Commission, Internal Revenue Service, Environmental Protection Agency, European Commission, United Kingdom’s Office of Gas and Electricity Markets and national treasuries around the world. The reputations and experience of our experts drives the demand for our services.

Expert services vision

Our strategy is to hire and retain leading independent experts in fields where we believe there is substantial business opportunity for expert analysis and advice due to the significant economic and financial impact of the disputes and decisions involved. Our focus on complex dispute resolution and informing decision-makers enables us to effectively recruit and retain top expert talent from a variety of professional disciplines.

Distinctive business model

We believe that we have developed a distinctive business model for a professional services firm that is designed to attract and motivate the best, brightest and most entrepreneurial individuals from universities, think tanks, the government and the private sector. Our model allows our experts to operate autonomously, substantially unburdened by corporate hierarchy. Our incentive system generally ties expert compensation directly to individual expert performance. Under our model, gross profit margins are realized primarily on the revenues generated by our professional staff rather than on the individual fees of our experts. Our experts generate assignments that utilize our professional staff and infrastructure. To encourage our experts to utilize our professional staff, experts receive project origination fees based on a percentage of the professional staff billings collected on projects they originate or manage. We typically compensate our experts based on a percentage of their individual fees and fees generated by staff working on their assignments. Experts generally are not paid until we receive payment from our clients. The result is a business model with an organizational structure, a variable cost structure and incentive alignment that is scalable across different disciplines and fields of expertise.

Entrepreneurial culture

Our organizational structure fosters an entrepreneurial culture that enables us to attract, deploy and retain leading independent experts from academia, government and the private sector. Our experts are

7




successful, self-motivated, credentialed individuals who respond best to an organization such as ours that provides experts with a high degree of autonomy and intellectual freedom. In addition, we are constantly seeking to recruit top talent. We have demonstrated the ability to effectively identify, recruit and integrate additional experts into our company. We also have the ability to develop experts from within the firm.

Highly proficient professional staff

We employ an experienced professional staff to support our experts. The utilization of our professional staff is important to the profitability of our business. Many of our professional staff have advanced degrees in economics, finance or related disciplines, and relevant business and public service experience. Our professional staff enables our experts to focus their time on the most significant components of a project by assisting them on issues such as data collection, statistical analysis, data and fact auditing, presentation preparation and project management. This allows the expert to deliver a higher quality, more robust and timely work product in a cost-effective manner. Many of our professional staff have become experts in their own right, testifying, authoring studies, developing sophisticated models and providing strategic advice.

Support infrastructure

We provide a comprehensive support infrastructure, including information technology services, that we believe enables our professionals to achieve higher productivity by focusing on delivering quality expert analysis and advice and developing new business rather than performing administrative tasks. We provide administrative support services, such as marketing, billing, project accounting, receivables collection and internal and external financial reporting. We believe that our support infrastructure relieves our experts from the burden of daily administrative tasks and enables our experts to be more focused, collegial and productive than established academics, researchers and other professionals who choose to consult as sole practitioners. We believe that our support systems enable timely response to business opportunities and the creation of teams spanning many practice groups and geographies. Our support infrastructure is highly integrated, so that our staff can seamlessly support experts across a large number of offices in the countries in which we operate.

Experienced, high quality leadership team

Our leadership team has extensive experience in guiding professional services companies, including David J. Teece, PhD, our Chairman, who co-founded our company in 1988. David P. Kaplan, who managed Capital Economics, an economics consulting firm he helped found, from 1985 to 1998, has been our president from September 2000 through February 2006. Mr. Kaplan, who resigned as our president and member of our Board of Directors on February 22, 2006, will continue providing expert consulting as an executive director with the Company; and in that role, will continue to assist Dr. Teece on expert recruiting, business acquisitions, and conflict review. In addition, our leadership team includes renowned experts with significant revenue-generating abilities. To prepare for our future growth, in February 2006, Dr. Teece established an executive committee consisting of members of management and four senior experts, including Mr. Kaplan, to support him in managing LECG and to enhance operational decision making and oversight. Individual members of the executive committee have been assigned specific areas of responsibility and accountability.

8




OUR EXPERT SERVICES BUSINESS

We provide expert services including independent expert testimony, original authoritative studies and strategic advice to Fortune Global 500 corporations, major law firms, local, state and regional governments and governmental agencies in the United States and internationally. Demand for our services is driven by clients attempting to resolve disputes through litigation, arbitration or negotiation, or seeking to understand and address regulation and legislation. We apply our core competencies to matters arising from these key drivers to provide independent expert services to our clients.

Core competencies

Our experts and professional staff have specialized knowledge in economic, financial and statistical theories, antitrust, complex financial damages, electronic discover and data organization, forensic accounting and other areas requiring complex analyses. In addition, many of our experts and professional staff also possess in-depth knowledge of specific markets, regulations and industries. These core competencies enable us to incorporate complex methodologies and tools developed in research settings to deliver independent expert testimony, original authoritative studies and strategic advice in adversarial and non-adversarial settings to assist in dispute resolution and decision-making. The reputations of our experts and the quality of our experts’ services has resulted in a high level of repeat business and the development of significant new business.

Services provided

Our experts and professional staff provide independent expert testimony, original, authoritative studies and strategic advisory services to help resolve complex disputes and inform legislative, judicial, regulatory and business decision-makers. Our experts and professional staff manage information and conduct independent, sophisticated economic, financial and statistical analyses for clients attempting to resolve disputes through litigation, arbitration or negotiation or seeking to understand and address regulation and legislation. In addition, we also provide claims management services for large settlements involving a significant number of claimants.

·       Expert testimony.   Our experts provide independent oral and written expert testimony on behalf of plaintiffs and defendants in trial, arbitration and mediation proceedings, as well as in matters before regulatory agencies and legislative bodies. Our experts have testified throughout the world on matters such as antitrust, class certification, complex merger filings, contract damages, employment discrimination, damage quantification and on the valuation of a wide range of intellectual property assets, including patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and trade dress.

·       Authoritative studies.   We prepare and provide independent authoritative studies generally in connection with litigation; such as studies containing detailed economic, financial and statistical analyses. Authoritative studies are often commissioned in support of expert testimony or to analyze proposed regulations or legislation. Large amounts of information and data must often be assembled by staff to facilitate these analyses. We also conduct studies that are used during arbitration and negotiation.

·       Advisory services.   Our experts and professional staff provide independent strategic advice and expert consulting, particularly in industries with a heavy regulatory or legal component. This advice is usually provided to senior management and boards of directors of our clients. Our services include the analysis and evaluation of potential mergers and the integration of businesses, the economic analysis of prospective investments, securities litigation consulting, transfer pricing expertise, risk management analysis in connection with large insurance claims, the design of regulatory compliance systems and the management of intangible assets. We frequently advise on regulatory strategy and on market design. In the finance area, we perform valuations of assets,

9




including intellectual property, such as patents, trade secrets and trademarks. We provide advice regarding licensing and transfer pricing strategies and protocols.

Representative practice area expertise

Our experts have specific expertise in practice areas that include competition policy/antitrust; complex damages including intellectual property, environmental and insurance claims; market and regulatory design; valuation analysis; labor and employment; forensic accounting; electronic discovery, bankruptcy and securities litigation. Many of our projects span multiple practice areas, and many of our staff work in several practice areas. We have also developed new practice areas, such as labor and employment, bankruptcy and reorganization and securities litigation, as the issues facing our clients evolve and new business opportunities arise.

·       Competition policy/antitrust.   We have provided expert services in the antitrust field since our founding. Many antitrust projects require special skills and, in many cases, experience with or exposure to approaches and methods used by the antitrust enforcement agencies. Antitrust issues increasingly involve other practice areas in the firm such as regulatory design and intellectual property. Mergers involving large multinational corporations often require coordination across many of our offices worldwide.

·       Finance and damages.   As damages from business litigation become more complex, there is a need for expert advice based on advanced economic and financial analysis. Our practice in this area includes many professionals with a deep understanding of the application of advanced methodologies and techniques in economics, finance, accounting and statistics. An important element of this practice is assessing damages in securities litigation, as well as damage issues related to patent, copyright and trademark infringement and trade secret misappropriation. These issues can involve determinations of lost profits and reasonable royalties.

·       Environmental and insurance claims.   Many industries in the United States are exposed to claims of environmental damages due to current or legacy activities, including oil spills, chemical spills and other sources of environmental contamination. Our experts provide advice on how contamination affects property values. Our experts also quantify damages and estimate penalty exposure. Piecing together the data that addresses liability issues, the amount of damage, and the coverage available under legacy insurance policies involves historical research, the quantification of damages and the apportionment of damages to multiple insurers when the insured has complex insurance coverage profiles.

·       Public policy.   We help businesses and governments understand and address market and regulatory policies through the use of economic and financial analyses. Our insights, analyses, recommendations and presentations are used to respond to proposed policy changes, as well as initiate new policies that address strategic objectives. We offer a broad array of services in market and regulatory design ranging from testimony and guidance in front of regulatory commissions or legislative bodies, to the actual design and oversight of independent system administration in the electricity sector.

·       Valuation analysis.   We are frequently called upon to value assets and rights. These can include contingent claims, options and intellectual property rights. Our experts employ advanced methodologies and tools to value idiosyncratic assets for purposes of helping to resolve disputes and to aid business decisions.

·       Labor and employment.   Our experts perform statistical analyses and evaluate discrimination, wrongful termination and wage and hour claims. Our experts calculate economic loss and damages by analyzing employer statistics for potential disparities in hiring, layoffs, promotions, pay and

10




performance assessments. Our experts have advised on human resource management, benefits, collective bargaining and arbitration.

·       Forensic accounting.   We provide forensic accounting services in connection with complex commercial disputes and regulatory investigations. We gather and analyze voluminous amounts of financial data to uncover evidence, reconstruct complex financial transactions and events and identify potential liabilities or areas of fraud.

·       Electronic discovery services.   The capability for law firms to effectively manage and access case documentation and data is critical to attorneys responsible for the outcome of a case and the clients they represent. Our electronic discovery experts work directly with outside counsel, general counsel and corporate executives to deliver objective advice in all phases of modern electronic discovery. Our electronic discovery services include: litigation readiness planning, electronic discovery consulting, litigation information management, data preservation, computer forensics, email recovery and reconstruction, and transactional data analysis.

·       Bankruptcy.   We provide a comprehensive scope of specialized accounting and tax services to clients, courts and law firms in connection with bankruptcy and reorganization matters, which include providing expert consulting to trustees, receivers, examiners, debtors, creditor committees, and secured creditors. Our experts also serve as trustees, receivers and examiners in Chapter 11 and Chapter 7 cases.

·       Security litigation services.   We provide consulting services to nationally recognized law and securities firms in matters relating to retail securities litigation. Our experts and professional staff in this area apply complex methodologies in their analyses to support our expert testimony and to provide dispute resolution approaches to decision makers.

·       Claims services.   Following the final determination of certain types of disputes, such as class action litigation or bankruptcy proceedings, large settlement funds are frequently established that must be distributed to numerous claimants. The administration of these claims requires highly specialized knowledge and organization. We provide class action settlement administration, specialized claims processing and bankruptcy claims processing. Services include pre-settlement structuring and consulting assistance, media campaigns, class member identification, notification and opt-in/opt-out processing; process, procedures and form development and implementation, claim processing and settlement calculations, customer service call centers, banking management and reporting and benefit distribution and tax reporting.

·       Intellectual property.   We provide a global perspective, solid expertise and recognized credentials to our clients’ intellectual property-related issues. In an increasingly knowledge-driven economy, a company’s intangible assets are often its most important assets and the major source of its competitive advantage. Developing, managing, and protecting these assets is a key component of an effective business strategy. Our intellectual property services include expert testimony, damages analysis, market issues, valuation and management of intellectual property.

·       Mergers and acquisitions.   We advise firms and government agencies in assessing the competitive implications of mergers and acquisitions. We have presented analyses to government agencies and testified in hundreds of merger-related matters. Our experts perform extensive data and information collection to answer important factual questions and provide empirical support for expert opinions based on state-of-the-art merger analyses.

·       Strategy.   We deliver expertise combined with a philosophy of working with our clients to develop actionable solutions that reduce uncertainty. We formulate business strategies based on economic logic and empirical data, and support our clients during the implementation phase of those

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strategies. We use a structured approach to strategic assessment. We analyze key economic and business dimensions such as industry structure, competitive forces and access to capital. Our experts look at the current situation, the pace of change, and the key forces that affect potential success or failure over a specific time horizon. We emphasize quantification and scenario building as integral to the strategic decision process.

Representative industry expertise

Over time we have been able to develop deep knowledge of specific client industries, including the following:

·       Energy.   For over a decade, our experts have been engaged to provide expert advice to the petroleum industry in the areas of exploration, refining, pipeline transportation and distribution. We have advised on mergers and acquisitions, provided analysis of competitive effects, modeled refining operations, assessed intermodal competition facing pipelines and analyzed the effects of multiple channels of distribution. We have detailed knowledge of the oil and gas industry not only in the United States, but also in many other countries and regions, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Europe.

In the electricity area our experts have been involved in network modeling, market design, auctions and pricing. They have developed a deep understanding of different regulatory regimes around the world. The firm’s experts have provided services to generators, independent system operators, transmission companies and service companies. Our experts have performed cross-jurisdictional studies on electricity policy issues in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom and Chile.

·       Financial services.   Our experts provide services related to numerous companies and entities involved in financial services, including banks, insurance companies, capital market organizations and the government and regulatory entities with respective oversight. Our services have typically focused on performing complex economic and financial analyses associated with industry consolidation, the evolving regulatory and accounting environment and risk management. Our services have included expert testimony related to valuation and damages, as well as class certification and authoritative public policy studies assessing the impacts of regulation on markets, product offerings and consumers.

·       Healthcare and pharmaceuticals.   We have a diverse healthcare and pharmaceuticals practice which spans competition analysis, patent damages, commercial disputes, cost and public policy analysis, strategic consulting and regulatory compliance. Our clients include pharmaceutical and biotech companies, hospitals, managed care providers and physicians groups. Our experts and staff have been involved in healthcare and health insurance reform efforts in several states. Our work frequently involves analyzing large amounts of electronic data. We are able to analyze healthcare claim issues, perform regulatory compliance reviews and design systems to help providers comply with regulations and analyze existing and emerging market competition. We advise providers on information systems designs most likely to facilitate regulatory compliance, financial viability and restructuring programs.

·       Telecommunications.   We have a long-standing telecommunications practice that has advised firms regarding regulatory, litigation and strategic planning in the United States and internationally. We have assessed various pricing regimes, analyzed emerging competition, modeled new entry and commented on various proposals to restructure the industry. We have in-depth knowledge of regulatory environments around the world including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina and the Baltic States.

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Representative clients

We provide expert services to Fortune Global 500 corporations, major law firms and local, state and federal government agencies in the United States and their international counterparts. Our ten largest clients represented 16%, 19% and 19% of our revenues in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. No single client accounted for more than 4% of our revenues in any of those periods. We are frequently approached directly by law firms on behalf of clients to provide independent testimony, authoritative studies and/or strategic advice in matters involving litigation, arbitration, negotiation, legislation or regulation. In these cases, our engagement and billing arrangements are often with such law firms.

International operations

The Company has international offices in Argentina, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. International practice areas include competition policy and antitrust, finance and damages, regulatory expertise and transfer pricing. Through our European operations, we provide law firms, businesses, regulators, and governments with independent and objective advice and analysis on matters of economics, finance, and strategy. Our international experts and professional staff work across a range of industries and have particular expertise in communications and media, energy and utilities, financial services, postal delivery and athletics.

Financial information about our geographic areas and risks attendant to our international operations appear in the summary of significant accounting policies of the consolidated financial statements of this report and in the section of this report titled “Risk Factors.”

EMPLOYEES

As of December 31, 2005, we had 1,057 employees and 94 exclusive independent contractors, consisting of 348 experts, 563 professional staff and 240 administrative staff members.

Experts and professional staff

Experts

We classify our experts as directors or principals. As of December 31, 2005, we had 348 experts, consisting of 257 directors and 91 principals. Directors tend to be more experienced than principals, and generally have more established reputations. Directors are expected to generate more engagements than principals. Principals are often, but not always, promoted from the ranks of senior professionals after they have achieved a sufficient reputation of their own and developed the ability to attract new work. Directors tend to have higher pass-through rates of compensation on their expert fees or other forms of variable compensation not typically offered to principals. Our agreements with our directors and principals generally provide for exclusivity with us in consideration for consulting fees determined by the expert’s time billed and collected, as well as project origination fees for work originated or managed by the expert. The agreements are terminable at will and generally do not restrict competition with us following termination. However, our agreements do limit post-departure solicitation of certain clients and staff. When there are no significant earnings implications, from time to time we will allow experts to accept engagements outside the firm under special circumstances. Such exceptions from general policy require the approval of the Chairman. From time to time, we also engage experts not otherwise associated with us to work on a particular matter.

In addition to our experts, we have relationships with approximately 900 individuals, who work with us on a non-exclusive basis, of which approximately 600 of such individuals are affiliated with us in connection with our August 2004 acquisition of Silicon Valley Expert Witness Group, Inc. In 2005, expert revenue from affiliates accounted for approximately 5% of our revenues. We compensate these affiliates similarly

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to the majority of our experts; that is, they are paid upon our receipt of payment from clients. We view these relationships as excellent ways for us to identify experts we would desire to have exclusive relationships with and to supplement our skills in certain key areas.

We offer our experts a generous compensation model, a collegial atmosphere, high autonomy and transparency of financial rewards through high pass-through rates on billed and collected work, as well as project origination fees. Under our business model, our experts are compensated based on a percentage of their billings, which we refer to as pass-through rates, ranging from 30% to 100%, and currently averaging approximately 76% of their individual billings on respective engagements. Directors tend to have higher pass-through rates of compensation on their expert fees than principals. The possibility of generous compensation is, however, coupled with high accountability because the expert’s compensation on each project is linked to our ability to collect on that project leaving them at risk for payment from us. As of December 31, 2005, approximately 82% of our experts participated in this variable compensation model, which we call the “expert model.” In certain circumstances, such as when experts have recently joined us or when experts have been asked to engage in practice building or enterprise building activities, the experts may not be compensated pursuant to the expert model. The experts not participating in this variable compensation model are paid a fixed salary and are eligible for bonus compensation related to billed work and the utilization of professional staff or other specified performance targets.

Our model allows our experts to retain significant control over their time commitments. This flexibility enables our experts to pursue the educational, research, publishing and professional activities that add to their reputations and increase their value as experts. Our experts generally dedicate substantial amounts of time to providing services on engagements, which we believe is a testament to the incentives our model creates.

Our experts are independent, and we encourage them to be entrepreneurial. We do not set the hours worked, or control the opinions expressed by our experts. In some cases they are employed by or have relationships with universities or other research institutes where they teach and conduct independent research in their specialized field. Our experts have entered into agreements with us in which they have agreed that they will exclusively utilize our support staff in connection with their consulting work when the necessary staff is available. Experts compensated under the expert model are generally responsible for the cost of their own executive assistants, taxes and benefits as well as a portion of their sales and marketing activities. While some of our experts are exclusive independent contractors, most are our employees.

Professional staff

Our professional staff includes highly educated individuals with the broad range of experiences and skills needed to support our experts and complement their talents. We recruit our professional staff from leading universities and through references from our experts. Additionally, we seek individuals with highly relevant business, government or professional experience. Most of our professional staff are full-time employees and are available to our experts throughout our company, based on the expertise required for a given project.

We offer our professional staff a learning environment, exposure to highly credentialed experts, the opportunity to work on important assignments, competitive compensation and the potential to advance to the expert level. Our business model allows rapid advancement of individuals who are professionally capable in their field. Many of our professional staff have advanced to become experts in their own right.

MARKETING

The reputation of the firm and of our experts for professional excellence and independence is the most important factor in our business development efforts. We endeavor to capitalize on the professional visibility and accomplishments of our experts and professional staff. We maintain and enhance our name

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and reputation through our performance and quality of work on engagements, speeches, presentations and articles in industry, business, economic, legal and scientific journals.

We market our services directly through corporate efforts and through the individual efforts of our professionals. We sponsor, attend and organize conferences and seminars on topical issues at which our experts lecture, present studies, speak on panels and meet with attendees. We offer services to law firms whose clients seek expert analyses across the broad range of services we provide. We are able to provide continuing legal education credit for members of the legal profession where appropriate.

COMPETITION

The market for expert services is highly competitive, fragmented and subject to rapid change. We compete with a large number of service providers in each practice area. We consider some of our principal competitors to be:

·       economic, legal and management consulting firms such as Charles River Associates Incorporated, Navigant Consulting, Inc., National Economic Research Associates, Inc., FTI Consulting, Inc. and Huron Consulting Group Inc.;

·       current and former consulting arms of large accounting firms such as BearingPoint, Accenture and Capgemini;

·       general management and strategy consulting firms such as Bain & Company, Booz Allen Hamilton and The Boston Consulting Group;

·       specialized or industry-specific consulting or research firms; and

·       individual academics, researchers and private consultants.

Many of our competitors have significantly greater personnel, financial, technical and marketing resources as well as greater name recognition. We also expect to continue to face competition from new entrants because the barriers to entry into consulting services are relatively low.

We believe the principal competitive factors in our market include:

·       reputation of the firm and experts;

·       client referrals;

·       ability to access leading experts and staff;

·       ability to provide project management skills;

·       ability to be responsive and to meet deadlines;

·       ability to communicate findings to relevant parties;

·       fee structure; and

·       coherence of business strategy.

We believe that we compete favorably with respect to each of these factors.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

Our internet address is www.lecg.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports can be accessed through the investor relations section of our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file

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such material with or furnish it to the SEC. The information found on our website is not part of this or any other report we file with or furnish to the SEC.

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS

Set forth below and elsewhere in this Report and in other documents we file with the SEC are risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this Report. The following risks and uncertainties are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our operations. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. In that case, the market price of our common stock could decline, and stockholders may lose all or part of their investment.

Our financial results could suffer if we are unable to successfully attract, integrate and retain our experts and professional staff.

Many of our clients are attracted to us by their desire to engage individual experts, and the ongoing relationship with our clients is often managed primarily by our individual experts. If an expert terminates his or her relationship with us, it is probable that most of the clients and projects for which that expert is responsible will continue with the expert, and the clients will terminate their relationship with us. We generally do not have non-competition agreements with any of our experts, unless the expert came to us through an acquisition of a business. Consequently, experts without non-compete agreements can terminate their relationship with us at any time and immediately begin to compete against us. Our top five experts together accounted for 17% of our revenues during 2005. If any of these individuals or our other experts terminate their relationship with us or compete against us, it could materially harm our business and financial results. In addition, if we are unable to retain groups of experts and their staff associated with an acquisition, this could materially harm our business and financial results.

In addition, if we are unable to attract, develop, motivate and retain highly qualified experts, professional staff and administrative personnel, our ability to adequately manage and staff our existing projects and obtain new projects could be impaired, which would adversely affect our business and our prospects for growth. Qualified professionals are in great demand, and we face significant competition for both senior and junior professionals with the requisite credentials and experience. Our competition comes from other consulting firms, research firms, governments, universities and other similar enterprises. Many of these competitors may be able to offer significantly greater compensation and benefits or more attractive lifestyle choices, career paths or geographic locations than we do. Increasing competition for these professionals may also significantly increase our labor costs, which could negatively affect our margins and results of operations. The loss of services from, or the failure to recruit, a significant number of experts, professional staff or administrative personnel could harm our business, including our ability to secure and complete new projects.

Our financial results could suffer if we are unable to achieve or maintain high utilization and billing rates for our professional staff.

Our profitability depends to a large extent on the utilization of our professional staff and the billing rates we are able to charge for their services. Utilization of our professional staff is affected by a number of factors, including:

·       the number and size of client engagements;

·       our experts’ use of professional staff to perform the projects they obtain from clients and the nature of specific client engagements, some of which require greater professional staff involvement than others;

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·       the timing of the commencement, completion and termination of projects, which in many cases is unpredictable;

·       our ability to transition our professional staff efficiently from completed projects to new engagements;

·       our ability to forecast demand for our services and thereby maintain an appropriate level of professional staff; and

·       conditions affecting the industries in which we practice as well as general economic conditions.

The billing rates of our professional staff that we are able to charge are also affected by a number of additional factors, including:

·       the quality of our expert services;

·       the market demand for the expert services we provide;

·       our competition and the pricing policies of our competitors; and

·       general economic conditions.

If we are unable to achieve and maintain high utilization as well as maintain or increase the billing rates for our professional staff, our financial results could suffer materially.

If we are unable to manage the growth of our business successfully, our financial results and business prospects could suffer.

Over the past several years, we have experienced significant growth in the number of our experts and professional staff. We have also expanded our practice areas and have opened offices in new locations. We may not be able to successfully manage a significantly larger and more geographically diverse workforce as we increase the number of our experts and professional staff and expand our practice areas. Additionally, growth increases the demands on our management, our internal systems, procedures and controls. To successfully manage growth and maintain our capability of complying with existing and new regulatory requirements, we must add administrative staff and periodically update and strengthen our operating, financial and other systems, procedures and controls, which will increase our costs and may reduce our profitability.

As a company subject to public company reporting requirements, we must continue to be able to issue accurate financial reports and disclosures within prescribed timeframes. We have designed our internal disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance that these controls and procedures will meet their objectives; however, even well designed and operated controls and procedures are susceptible to inherent limitations. These inherent limitations potentially include faulty assumptions in the design of the controls and procedures, fraud by individuals and errors or mistakes by those overseeing the controls procedures. As a result, we may be unable to successfully implement improvements to our information and control systems in an efficient or timely manner and may discover deficiencies in existing systems and controls. Moreover, as we acquire new businesses, we will need to integrate their financial reporting systems into ours, including our disclosure controls and procedures.

We may experience difficulties in integrating new businesses, which could impair the overall quality and timeliness of the information produced by our financial reporting systems. Further related to the issue of providing accurate and timely financial information, there are certain key personnel that have developed over time a deep institutional knowledge of, and have helped shape and implement the unique characteristics of our expert compensation model, including developing the financial and operational support systems and contractual agreements necessary to administer the complexities of the model. This

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institutional knowledge has been an essential element in our ability to scale our model to meet the demands imposed by our growth over the past five years. Any failure to successfully manage growth, retain key administrative personnel, maintain adequate internal disclosure controls and procedures or controls over financial reporting, could result in material weaknesses in our controls and could harm our financial results and business prospects.

We depend on the complex damages and competition policy/antitrust practices, which could be adversely affected by changes in the legal, regulatory and economic environment.

Our business is heavily concentrated in the practice areas of complex damages and competition policy/antitrust, including mergers and acquisitions. Projects in our complex damages practice area account for 24% of our billings in 2004 and 2005. Projects in our competition policy/antitrust practice area, including mergers and acquisitions, accounted for 25% and 24% of our billings in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Changes in the federal antitrust laws or the federal regulatory environment, or changes in judicial interpretations of these laws could substantially reduce the need for expert consulting services in these areas. This would reduce our revenues and the number of future projects in these practice areas. In addition, adverse changes in general economic conditions, particularly conditions influencing the merger and acquisition activity of larger companies, could also negatively impact the number and scope of our projects in proceedings before the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission.

Additional hiring and acquisitions could disrupt our operations, increase our costs or otherwise harm our business.

Our business strategy is dependent in part upon our ability to grow by hiring individuals or groups of experts and by acquiring other expert services firms. However, we may be unable to identify, hire, acquire or successfully integrate new experts and consulting practices without substantial expense, delay or other operational or financial problems. And, we may be unable to achieve the financial, operational and other benefits we anticipate from any hiring or acquisition. Hiring additional experts or acquiring other expert services firms could also involve a number of additional risks, including:

·       the diversion of management’s and key senior experts’ time, attention and resources, especially since Dr. Teece, our Chairman and key senior experts involved in the recruiting and acquisition process also provide consulting services that account for a significant amount of our revenues;

·       loss of key acquisition related personnel;

·       the incurrence of signing bonuses, which could adversely impact our profitability and cash flow;

·       additional expenses associated with the amortization, impairment or write-off of acquired intangible assets, which could adversely impact our profitability and cash flow;

·       potential assumption of debt to acquire businesses;

·       potential impairment of existing relationships with our experts, professionals and clients;

·       the creation of conflicts of interest that require us to decline engagements that we otherwise could have accepted;

·       increased costs to improve, coordinate or integrate managerial, operational, financial and administrative systems;

·       increased costs associated with the opening and build-out of new offices, redundant offices in the same city where consolidation is not immediately possible or office closures where consolidation is possible, which would result in the immediate recognition of expense associated with the abandoned lease;

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·       dilution of our stock as a result of issuing equity securities in connection with hiring new experts or acquiring other expert services firms; and

·       difficulties in integrating diverse corporate cultures.

We have encountered these risks after hiring individuals and groups of experts and acquiring expert practices, and we anticipate that we will encounter these risks in connection with future hiring and acquisitions.

Competition for future hiring and acquisition opportunities in our markets could increase the compensation we offer to potential experts or the price we have to pay for businesses we wish to acquire. In addition, this increased competition could make it more difficult to retain our experts. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Projects may be terminated suddenly, which may negatively impact our financial results.

Our projects generally center on decisions, disputes, proceedings or transactions in which clients are seeking expert advice and opinions. Our projects can terminate suddenly and without advance notice to us. Our clients may decide at any time to settle their disputes or proceedings, to abandon their transactions or to take other actions that result in the early termination of a project. Our clients are under no contractual obligation to continue using our services. If an engagement is terminated unexpectedly, or even upon the completion of a project, our professionals working on the engagement may be underutilized until we assign them to other projects. The termination or significant reduction in the scope of a single large engagement could negatively impact our results of operations.

Conflicts of interest could preclude us from accepting projects.

We provide our services primarily in connection with significant or complex decisions, disputes and regulatory proceedings that are usually adversarial or involve sensitive client information. Our engagement by a client may preclude us from accepting projects with our clients’ competitors or adversaries because of conflicts of interest or other business reasons. As we increase the size of our operations, the number of conflict situations can be expected to increase. Moreover, in many industries in which we provide services, for example the petroleum industry, there has been a continuing trend toward business consolidations and strategic alliances. These consolidations and alliances reduce the number of companies that may seek our services and increase the chances that we will be unable to accept new projects as a result of conflicts of interest. If we are unable to accept new assignments for any reason, our professional staff may become underutilized, which would adversely affect our revenues and results of operations in future periods.

Our ability to maintain and attract new business depends upon our reputation, the professional reputation of our experts and the quality of our services on client projects.

Our ability to secure new projects depends heavily upon our reputation and the individual reputations of our experts. Any factor that diminishes our reputation or that of our experts could make it substantially more difficult for us to attract new projects and clients. Similarly, because we obtain many of our new projects from clients that we have worked with in the past or from referrals by those clients, any client that questions the quality of our work or that of our experts could seriously impair our ability to secure additional new projects and clients.

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In litigation, we believe that there has been an increase in the frequency of challenges made by opposing parties to the qualifications of experts. In the event a court or other decision-maker determines that an expert is not qualified to serve as an expert witness in a particular matter, then this determination could harm the expert’s reputation and ability to act as an expert in other engagements which could in turn harm our business reputation and our ability to obtain new engagements.

Our engagements could result in professional liability, which could be very costly and hurt our reputation.

Our projects typically involve complex analysis and the exercise of professional judgment. As a result, we are subject to the risk of professional liability. Many of our projects involve matters that could have a severe impact on a client’s business, cause a client to gain or lose significant amounts of money or assist or prevent a client from pursuing desirable business opportunities. If a client questions the quality of our work, the client could threaten or bring a lawsuit to recover damages or contest its obligation to pay our fees. Litigation alleging that we performed negligently or breached any other obligations to a client could expose us to significant liabilities and damage our reputation. We carry professional liability insurance to cover most of these types of claims, but the policy limits and the breadth of coverage may be inadequate to cover any particular claim or all claims plus the cost of legal defense. For example, we provide services on engagements in which the amounts in controversy or the impact on a client may substantially exceed the limits of our errors and omissions insurance coverage. If we are found to have professional liability with respect to work performed on such an engagement, we may not have sufficient insurance to cover the entire liability. Litigation, regardless of the outcome, is often very costly, could result in distractions to our management and experts and could harm our business and our reputation.

Intense competition from economic, business and financial consulting firms could hurt our business.

The market for expert consulting services is intensely competitive, highly fragmented and subject to rapid change. Many of our competitors are national and international in scope and have significantly greater personnel, financial, technical and marketing resources. In addition, these competitors may generate greater revenues and have greater name recognition than we do. We may be unable to compete successfully with our existing competitors or with any new competitors. There are relatively low barriers to entry, and we have faced and expect to continue to face additional competition from new entrants into the economic, business and financial consulting industries. In the litigation and regulatory expert services markets, we compete primarily with economic, business and financial consulting firms and individual academics. Expert services are also available from a variety of participants in the business consulting market, including general management consulting firms, the consulting practices of major accounting firms, technical and economic advisory firms, regional and specialty consulting firms, small “niche” consulting companies and the internal professional resources of companies.

We are subject to additional risks associated with international operations.

We currently have operations in Argentina, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. Revenues attributable to activities outside of the United States, were 13% and 14% in 2004 and 2005, respectively. We may continue to expand internationally and our international revenues may account for an increasing portion of our revenues in the future. Our international operations carry special financial and business risks, including:

·       greater difficulties in managing and staffing foreign operations;

·       less stable political and economic environments;

·       cultural differences that adversely affect utilization;

·       currency fluctuations that adversely affect our financial position and operating results;

·       unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other barriers;

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·       civil disturbances or other catastrophic events that reduce business activity; and

·       greater difficulties in collecting accounts receivable.

The occurrence of any one of these factors could have an adverse effect on our operating results.

Our disputes with Navigant Consulting, Inc. and National Economic Research Associates, Inc. could harm our business and financial results.

We have a dispute with Navigant Consulting, Inc. arising out of our management led buyout of certain assets and liabilities of LECG, Inc. from Navigant Consulting and LECG, Inc. In the management led buyout, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of LECG, Inc. pursuant to an asset purchase agreement with Navigant Consulting and LECG, Inc. dated September 29, 2000. Under the asset purchase agreement, up to $5.0 million of the purchase price was deferred contingent upon whether specific individuals listed on a schedule to the asset purchase agreement had an employment, consulting, contracting or other relationship with us on September 29, 2001.

Navigant Consulting contends that it is entitled to a payment of approximately $4.9 million plus interest with respect to the contingent purchase price amount. On several occasions before and after September 29, 2001, we notified Navigant Consulting that several of the individuals listed on the schedule to the asset purchase agreement did not have an employment, consulting, contracting or other relationship with us on September 29, 2001. If Navigant Consulting initiates legal proceedings against us, a decision against us could harm our financial results and financial position.

In June 2004, National Economic Research Associates, Inc., or NERA, and its parent company, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., filed a complaint against us and one of our experts. This action arises out of our hiring of a professional in March 2004 who was formerly employed by NERA. The complaint alleges that during and after his employment with NERA, this expert violated contractual commitments and fiduciary duties to NERA. The complaint further alleges that we interfered with NERA’s contractual relations and advantageous business relationship, misappropriated confidential business information and goodwill, and engaged in unfair and deceptive trade practices. The complaint asks for unspecified damages and disgorgement of wrongful gain, invalidation of an indemnification agreement provided to this expert by us and contains a demand for a jury trial.

In August 2004, the Company served a motion to dismiss the breach of contract, tortious interference with contractual relations and the unfair and deceptive trade practices counts, which motion has been denied. The Company has filed an answer to the complaint denying the substantive allegations of the complaint. The parties have served initial discovery requests, including interrogatories and document requests and discovery is ongoing. However, the Company is not able to determine the outcome or resolution of the complaint, or to estimate the amount or potential range of loss with respect to this complaint.

Our stock price has been and may continue to be volatile.

The price of our common stock has fluctuated widely and may continue to do so, depending upon many factors, including but not limited to the risk factors listed above and the following:

·       the limited trading volume of our common stock on the NASDAQ National Market;

·       variations in our quarterly results of operations;

·       failure to retain key management personnel;

·       the hiring or departure of key personnel, including experts;

·       our ability to maintain high utilization of our professional staff;

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·       announcements by us or our competitors;

·       the loss of significant clients;

·       changes in our reputation or the reputations of our experts;

·       acquisitions or strategic alliances involving us or our competitors;

·       changes in the legal and regulatory environment affecting businesses to which we provide services;

·       changes in estimates of our performance or recommendations by securities analysts;

·       inability to meet quarterly or yearly estimates or targets of our performance; and

·       market conditions in the industry and the economy as a whole.

The issuance of preferred stock could discourage or prevent an acquisition of our company, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders.

Our board of directors has the authority to issue preferred stock and to determine the preferences, limitations and relative rights of shares of preferred stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. The preferred stock could be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to the rights of our common stock. The potential issuance of preferred stock may make it more difficult for a person to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock, and thereby delay or prevent a change in control of us, discourage bids for our common stock over the market price and adversely affect the market price and the relative voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our charter documents and Delaware law could prevent a takeover that stockholders consider favorable and could also reduce the market price of our stock.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our bylaws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. For example, our charter documents prohibit stockholder actions by written consent.

In addition, the provisions of Section 203 of Delaware General Corporate Law govern us. These provisions may prohibit large stockholders, in particular those owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, from merging or combining with us. These and other provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our bylaws and under Delaware law could reduce the price that investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock in the future and result in the market price being lower than it would be without these provisions.

ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES

Our principal executive offices are located in a leased facility in Emeryville, California, consisting of approximately 48,000 square feet of office space, under an eight-year lease that expires in July 2010. This facility accommodates our principal administrative and finance operations. We also have a major office in Washington, D.C., where we lease approximately 55,000 square feet of office space, under a ten-year lease that expires in May 2011, a major office in Chicago, Illinois, where we lease approximately 28,000 square feet of office space under a 11-year lease that expires in 2015, a major office in Lake Oswego, Oregon, where we lease approximately 27,000 square feet of office space under a four-year lease that expires in 2007 and a major office in London, where we lease approximately 17,000 square feet of office space under a 15-year lease that expires in March 2019, with an option to cancel in March 2014. We occupy leased

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facilities in a total of 23 locations throughout the United States and in ten locations in Canada, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Spain, France, Italy, South Korea, New Zealand and Argentina. We do not own any real property. We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our current needs and that we will be able to obtain additional leased facilities to meet our future needs.

ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We have a dispute with Navigant Consulting, Inc. arising out of our management led buyout of certain assets and liabilities of LECG, Inc. from Navigant Consulting and LECG, Inc. In the management led buyout, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of LECG, Inc. pursuant to an asset purchase agreement with Navigant Consulting and LECG, Inc. dated September 29, 2000. Under the asset purchase agreement, up to $5.0 million of the purchase price was deferred contingent upon whether specific individuals listed on a schedule to the asset purchase agreement had an employment, consulting, contracting or other relationship with us on September 29, 2001.

Navigant Consulting contends that it is entitled to a payment of approximately $4.9 million plus interest with respect to the contingent purchase price amount. On several occasions before and after September 29, 2001, we notified Navigant Consulting that several of the individuals listed on the schedule to the asset purchase agreement did not have an employment, consulting, contracting or other relationship with us on September 29, 2001. If Navigant Consulting initiates legal proceedings against us, a decision against us could harm our financial results and financial position.

In June 2004, National Economic Research Associates, Inc., or NERA, and its parent company, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., filed a complaint against us and one of our experts. This action arises out of our hiring of a professional in March 2004 who was formerly employed by NERA. The complaint alleges that during and after his employment with NERA, this expert violated contractual commitments and fiduciary duties to NERA. The complaint further alleges that we interfered with NERA’s contractual relations and advantageous business relationship, misappropriated confidential business information and goodwill, and engaged in unfair and deceptive trade practices. The complaint asks for unspecified damages and disgorgement of wrongful gain, invalidation of an indemnification agreement provided to this expert by us and contains a demand for a jury trial.

In August 2004, we served a motion to dismiss the breach of contract, tortious interference with contractual relations and the unfair and deceptive trade practices counts, which motion has been denied. We have filed an answer to the complaint denying the substantive allegations of the complaint. The parties have served discovery requests, including interrogatories and document requests and discovery is ongoing. However, we are not able to determine the outcome or resolution of the complaint, or to estimate the amount or potential range of loss with respect to this complaint.

We are also a party to certain legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business, the outcomes of which individually or in the aggregate, in the opinion of our management, would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None.

23




PART II

ITEM 5.                MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCK MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ National Market System under the symbol of XPRT. The following table sets forth, for the period indicated, the low and high closing prices per share for our Common Stock as reported by the NASDAQ National Market.

 

 

Low

 

High

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

18.56

 

$

25.02

 

Second Quarter

 

$

15.90

 

$

20.65

 

Third Quarter

 

$

15.44

 

$

18.48

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

15.47

 

$

19.69

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

16.76

 

$

19.60

 

Second Quarter

 

$

18.60

 

$

21.55

 

Third Quarter

 

$

21.10

 

$

23.95

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

15.84

 

$

23.91

 

 

As of February 28, 2006, there were approximately 80 holders of record of our Common Stock. This number does not include stockholders for whom shares were held in a “nominee” or “street” name. We believe there are approximately 2,500 beneficial owners of our Common Stock.

We currently expect that we will retain our future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors the board of directors may deem relevant. Our credit facility contains restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

No purchases of our equity securities were made by or on behalf of us during 2005 that were not otherwise disclosed in previous quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Forms 10-Q.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

On November 1, 2005, we issued 10,832 shares of our common stock at an effective purchase price of $23.08 in connection with our acquisition of certain assets and liabilities of Neilson Elggren LLP. The shares were issued to Neilson Elggren LLP pursuant to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement dated October 7, 2005. The foregoing purchase and sale were exempt from registration under Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof on the basis that the transaction did not involve a public offering.

24




ITEM 6.                SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table should be read in conjunction with Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

Consolidated statements of operations data

 

 

 

2001

 

2002

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Revenues

 

$

100,735

 

$

133,704

 

$

165,594

 

$

216,555

 

$

286,656

 

Cost of services

 

75,767

 

106,728

 

112,388

 

143,715

 

188,242

 

Gross profit

 

24,968

 

26,976

 

53,206

 

72,840

 

98,414

 

Costs of postponed equity offering

 

 

3,500

 

 

 

 

Operating expenses

 

30,755

 

32,651

 

34,093

 

43,988

 

60,936

 

Operating income (loss)

 

(5,787

)

(9,175

)

19,113

 

28,852

 

37,478

 

Interest income

 

125

 

42

 

103

 

359

 

809

 

Interest (expense)

 

(2,372

)

(3,188

)

(2,620

)

(238

)

(346

)

Other income (expense), net

 

(384

)

257

 

466

 

5

 

(15

)

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

 

(8,418

)

(12,064

)

17,062

 

28,978

 

37,926

 

Income tax provision (benefit)

 

 

 

(9,613

)

11,874

 

15,550

 

Net income (loss)

 

(8,418

)

(12,064

)

26,675

 

17,104

 

22,376

 

Accrued preferred dividends and accretion of preferred units

 

3,251

 

3,692

 

7,712

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common shares

 

$

(11,669

)

$

(15,756

)

$

18,963

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

(1.11

)

$

(1.41

)

$

1.39

 

$

0.78

 

$

0.96

 

Diluted

 

$

(1.11

)

$

(1.41

)

$

1.17

 

$

0.73

 

$

0.91

 

Shares used in calculating net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

10,478

 

11,169

 

13,674

 

21,905

 

23,409

 

Diluted

 

10,478

 

11,169

 

16,261

 

23,429

 

24,557

 

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

Consolidated balance sheet data

 

 

 

2001

 

2002

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

3,086

 

$

2,576

 

$

67,177

 

$

42,082

 

$

35,722

 

Total assets

 

65,306

 

75,696

 

163,142

 

214,711

 

272,885

 

Total long-term debt

 

13,800

 

15,050

 

 

 

 

Total Redeemable Class A preferred units

 

29,231

 

33,000

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

 

(6,766

)

(8,632

)

123,987

 

154,387

 

195,066

 

 

25




ITEM 7.                MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K concerning our future business, operating and financial condition and statements using the terms “believes,” “expects,” “will,” “could,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “intends,” “potential,” “continue,” “should,” “may,” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions are “forward-looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon our current expectations as of the date of this Report. There may be events in the future that we are not able to accurately predict or control that may cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Information contained in these forward-looking statements is inherently uncertain, and actual performance is subject to a number of risks, including but not limited to, (1) our ability to successfully attract, integrate and retain our experts and professional staff, (2) dependence on key personnel, (3) successful management of professional staff, (4) dependence on growth of our service offerings, (5) our ability to maintain and attract new business, (6) successful management of additional hiring and acquisitions, (7) potential professional liability, (8) intense competition and (9) risks inherent in international operations. Further information on these and other potential risk factors that could affect our financial results may be described from time to time in our periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and include those set forth in this Report under “Risk Factors.” We cannot guarantee any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievement. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this Report.

Overview

We provide expert services. Our highly credentialed experts and professional staff address complex, unstructured business and public policy problems. We deliver independent expert testimony and original authoritative studies in both adversarial and non-adversarial environments. We conduct economic, financial and statistical analyses to provide objective opinions and strategic advice to legislative, judicial, regulatory and business decision makers. Our skills include, factual statistical analyses and report preparation and presentation, forensic accounting and electronic discovery and data collection. Our experts are renowned academics, former high-level government officials, experienced industry leaders and seasoned consultants. We are organized and operate in a manner that is attractive to our experts by providing them with autonomy, flexibility and the support of a highly capable professional staff.

Historical background

We have provided expert services since 1988, initially operating our business as a corporation under the name “The Law and Economics Consulting Group, Inc.” In 1997, we completed an initial public offering of our common stock under the name “LECG, Inc.” These shares were listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “XPT.” During the next nine months, we continued to perform expert services as a stand-alone company. In 1998, we were acquired by The Metzler Group, Inc., which changed its name to Navigant Consulting, Inc. We operated as a wholly owned subsidiary of Navigant Consulting under the name “LECG, Inc.” until September 28, 2000.

On September 29, 2000, 35 of our experts, including four of our founding experts, with equity sponsorship led by a private equity group, executed a management buyout of substantially all of the assets and certain of the liabilities of LECG, Inc. for a purchase price of approximately $44.3 million. The entity that operated our business from that date until completion of the initial public offering was LECG, LLC, a limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of LECG Holding Company, LLC.

26




Initial public offering

On November 13, 2003 we completed our initial public offering in which we issued 8,625,000 shares of our Common Stock at $17.00 per share and received net proceeds of $134.1 million. In connection with this offering:

·       holders of common units of LECG Holding Company, LLC became holders of shares of common stock of LECG Corporation, a Delaware C corporation;

·       such holders have received $14.1 million previously taxed but undistributed earnings of LECG Holding Company, LLC retained during the period beginning September 29, 2000 and ending November 13, 2003, and approximately $1.3 million to cover their additional income tax liabilities for 2003; and

·       we redeemed all of the outstanding Redeemable Class A preferred units of LECG Holding Company, LLC for approximately $40.7 million, which was equal to their original issuance price plus cumulative dividends that had accrued at a rate of 8% per annum, compounded quarterly.

In December  2004 and January 2005, we completed a secondary public offering in which we issued 324,375, shares of our Common Stock at $18.75 per share and received net proceeds of $5.0 million.

2005 Acquisitions and Recruitment of Experts

An important element of our growth strategy is the recruitment and hiring of additional experts either by direct hiring or through business acquisitions. Such hiring is designed to deepen our existing service offerings and to add new experts and related professional staff to new service areas.  As of December 31, 2005, we had 348 experts and 563 professional staff as compared to 289 experts and 398 professional staff at December 31, 2004.

In December 2005, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Lancaster Consulting LLC (“Lancaster”), an expert services firm specializing in general management, mergers and acquisitions, litigation and financial management consulting. The purchase price consisted of $1.5 million paid at closing. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $1.5 million to goodwill and

·       $64,000 to contract rights (six-month amortization), other identifiable intangible assets (six-year amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through December 2009, we will make additional payments of up to $1.35 million by no later than March 2010. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

In December 2005, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Beach & Company International LP, an expert services firm specializing in financial, economic and operational consulting. The purchase price consisted of $500,000 paid at closing. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $447,000 to goodwill,

·       $75,000 to contract rights (eight-month amortization), other identifiable intangible assets (three-year amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved by June 2008,  we will make an additional payment of $500,000 by no later than August 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

27




In November 2005, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Neilson Elggren LLP (“Neilson”), a financial and insolvency expert and consulting services firm. The purchase price of $4.0 million was comprised of $3.75 million of cash paid at closing and 10,832 unregistered shares of our common  stock with an estimated fair market value of $250,000. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $3.1 million to goodwill,

·       $430,000 to contract rights (21-month amortization),

·       $380,000 to other intangible assets (five to seven-year amortization) and

·       $96,000 to net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through October 2010, we will make additional payments of up to $3.75 million by no later than January 2011. An additional payment of up to $1.5 million will also be made in December 2010 if higher targets are met by no later than October 2010. As of December 31, 2005, as a result of achieving specified performance targets, we recognized $110,000 of additional goodwill, to be paid in January 2007.

On August 15, 2005, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Bates Private Capital Incorporated (“Bates”), an expert services firm specializing in dispute resolution for the retail securities industry. The purchase price of $18.1 million was comprised of $17.0 million paid in cash at closing, the issuance of 44,425 unregistered shares of our common stock with an estimated fair market value of $1.0 million, and acquisition costs of $89,000. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $7.0 million to goodwill,

·       $8.6 million to customer relationships (nine-year amortization),

·       $1.1 million to contract rights (one-year amortization),

·       $1.0 million to other identifiable intangible assets (seven to 20-year amortization) and

·       $419,000 to fixed assets and net current assets

In addition, if specified annual performance targets are achieved from August 2005 to July 2011, we will make additional payments of up to $13.0 million by no later than September 2011. Additional goodwill will be recognized in subsequent years if these performance targets are met. As of December 31, 2005, as a result of achieving specified performance targets, we recognized $1.2 million of additional goodwill, to be paid in September 2006.

On March 1, 2005, we acquired all of the outstanding shares of J. Philip Cook & Associates, Inc. (“Cook”), a company providing appraisal, consulting, feasibility analysis and expert witness services related to real estate and business valuation. The purchase price of $1.6 million was comprised of $1.35 million paid in cash at closing and the issuance of 13,999 unregistered shares of our common stock with a fair value of $250,000. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $1.6 million to goodwill,

·       $90,000 to contract rights (two to 12-month amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved from March 2005 through December 2008, we will make additional payments of up to $1.2 million by no later than March 2009. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if such performance targets are met.

In connection with our hiring efforts in 2005, we paid $6.9 million in signing bonuses, which will  be amortized over periods ranging from one to eight years.

28




2004 Acquisitions and Recruitment of Experts

In October 2004, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Washington Advisory Group, LLC (“WAG”), a privately held expert services firm specializing in technology assessment and policy, and research and development strategy. The purchase price of $1.06 million was comprised of an initial payment of $658,000 and a minimum guaranteed payment of $400,000 payable by February 15, 2007. The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $940,000 to goodwill,

·       $69,000 to contract rights (six-month amortization) and

·       $49,000 to net current assets and property and equipment.

Additional payments of up to $2.1 million will be made by no later than February 2007 if specified performance targets are met through December 2006. Additional goodwill will be recognized in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

In August 2004, we acquired all of the outstanding shares of Silicon Valley Expert Witness Group, Inc. (“SVEWG”), a company providing expert services involving complex technologies and intellectual property disputes. The purchase price of $9.0 million was comprised of $5.0 million paid in cash, the issuance of 56,850 unregistered shares of common stock with an estimated fair market value of $958,000, and $3.0 million of additional payments to be made no later than 2009. The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $7.8 million to goodwill,

·       $100,000 to contract rights (ten-month amortization) and

·       $1.1 million to net current assets and property and equipment.

We made guaranteed purchase price payments totaling $1.0 million in September and October 2005 and will make guaranteed purchase price payments of $2.0 million over the period beginning September 2006 and ending no later than September 2009.  In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through July 2009, we will make additional payments of up to $2.7 million over the same period. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met. As the result of achieving specified performance targets during the 12-month period ended July 2005, we recognized goodwill of $87,000. In addition, if specified performance targets are met during the 12-month periods ending July 2006 and July 2007, we will make bonus compensation payments of $200,000 in each of September 2006 and September 2007.

In March 2004, we acquired the business of Economic Analysis, LLC (“EA”), a company providing expert services involving complex business litigation and regulatory matters. The purchase price was comprised of $15.4 million paid in cash, and the issuance of 50,891 unregistered shares of common stock with an estimated fair market value of $1.0 million.  The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $15.0 million to goodwill,

·       $900,000 to contract rights (12-month amortization) and

·       $500,000 to property and equipment and other assets.

As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, we recognized $4.3 million of additional goodwill, of which $2.5 million was paid in March 2005 and approximately $1.8 million was paid in March 2006. In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, we will make an additional payment of up to $2.6 million in March 2007, and additional payments of up to $2.0 million by no later than March 2009, if certain higher performance targets are met through December 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years, if the performance targets are met.

29




In March 2004, we acquired the business of Low Rosen Taylor Soriano (“LRTS”), an expert services firm located in Toronto, Canada, providing expert services in the areas of business valuation and damages quantification. The purchase price was $3.9 million paid in cash, and allocated as follows:

·       $3.5 million to goodwill,

·       $145,000 to contract rights (12-month amortization) and

·       $312,000 to property and equipment and other assets, net of liabilities assumed.

As a result of achieving certain profitability targets for the periods ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, we recorded additional goodwill of approximately $2.4 million, of which $1.0 million was paid in February 2005 and $1.4 million was paid in February 2006. In addition, if specified profitability targets are achieved by February 2008, we will make additional payments of up to $2.1 million by no later than April 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years, if the performance targets are met.

In 2004, we hired experts and other professional staff in connection with the opening of three new offices in Europe as well as experts and staff in the United States. In connection with our hiring efforts, we paid $18.7 million, in signing bonuses. Such amounts will be amortized over periods generally ranging from five to seven years. In addition, we will pay performance bonuses of $5.7 million in March 2006 as specified performance targets were achieved in 2005. These performance bonuses are amortized from the time the bonus was earned through March 2011, and we have recognized $921,000 of performance bonus amortization in 2005. We have also agreed to pay performance bonuses of up to $5.7 million in March 2007 to these same experts if specified performance targets are achieved in 2006. These performance bonuses are subject to recovery if the experts leave prior to March 2011. We anticipate that the 2006 performance criteria will be met and consequently we will recognize $1.1 million in performance bonus amortization expense in 2006 relating to these performance bonuses.

2003 Acquisitions

In August 2003, we acquired the business of the Center for Forensic Economic Studies or (“CFES”), a firm focused primarily on labor economics. We paid $2.4 million in cash, and we agreed to pay up to $1.6 million for additional purchase price and $500,000 bonus compensation per year for four years plus interest at a rate of 4% per year, depending on the performance of this group of experts and professional staff, and we issued 140,625 common shares that vest over five years, assuming such experts remain our employees. The purchase price was $2.4 million paid in cash, and allocated as follows:

·       $1.7 million was allocated to goodwill,

·       $600,000 to contract rights (18-month amortization),

·       $96,000 to property and equipment,

·       $100,000 was allocated to rights to license software under development for which amortization will begin when the software is available for general release to customers.

As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, we recognized $5.2 million of additional goodwill, of which $1.7 million was paid in July 2004, $1.7 million was paid in July 2005 and $1.8 million will be paid in August 2006. If specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, we will make additional payments of up to $1.9 million by August 2007. As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, we recognized $217,000, $529,000 and $548,000 of bonus compensation expense, of which $520,000 was paid in August 2004, $540,000 was paid in August 2005 and the remainder will be paid in August 2006. In conjunction with the issuance of the 140,625 shares of common stock, we recognized $169,000, $405,000 and $405,000 of equity-based compensation in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. We will continue to

30




record compensation expense related to these restricted shares through August 2008 based upon continued employment of the individuals.

Operations

We derive our revenues primarily from professional service fees that are billed at hourly rates on a time and expense basis. Revenues related to these services are recognized when the earnings process is complete and collectibility is reasonably assured. Historically, we have also offered services related to large environmental claims for which our fee includes a significant performance-based component. Due to the uncertainty regarding the amount and timing of performance-based compensation, revenues from this service offering were recognized in the period when the earnings process was complete and payment was received for the services  performed under the contract. Since January 2003, performance-based expert fees have ranged from 0% to 11% of our quarterly total revenues. In 2005, performance-based expert fees comprised less than 1% of our revenues compared to 4% in 2004. Our performance-based fees will be substantially reduced in future periods as the result of the departure of the experts and staff comprising the Insurance Claims Group in September 2005.

Revenues are comprised of:

·       Fees for the services of our professional staff;

·       Fees for the services of our experts;

·       Performance-based expert fees primarily relating to environmental claims; and

·       Amounts we charge for services provided by others and costs that are reimbursable by clients, including travel, document reproduction, subscription data services and other costs.

The following table summarizes our revenues from these sources by quarter from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2005 (in thousands):

 

 

Mar 31,
2004

 

June 30,
2004

 

Sept. 30,
2004

 

Dec 31,
2004

 

Mar 31,
2005

 

June 30,
2005

 

Sept. 30,
2005

 

Dec. 31,
2005

 

Expert and professional staff revenues

 

$

41,100

 

$

49,167

 

 

$

51,826

 

 

$

56,516

 

$

66,526

 

$

68,216

 

 

$

66,661

 

 

$

70,118

 

Performance-based expert revenues(1) 

 

315

 

1,492

 

 

1,780

 

 

4,115

 

178

 

302

 

 

1,240

 

 

302

 

Reimbursable expenses

 

1,695

 

3,012

 

 

2,460

 

 

3,077

 

3,017

 

4,023

 

 

3,465

 

 

2,608

 

Revenues

 

$

43,110

 

$

53,671

 

 

$

56,066

 

 

$

63,708

 

$

69,721

 

$

72,541

 

 

$

71,366

 

 

$

73,028

 


(1)           Relates primarily to the Insurance Claims Group, whose experts and certain staff departed in September 2005.

Compensation and project costs are comprised of:

·       Salary, bonuses, taxes and benefits of all professional staff and salaried experts;

·       Compensation to experts based on  a percentage of their individual professional fees;

·       Compensation to experts based on specified revenue and gross margin performance targets;

·       Fees earned by experts and other business generators as project origination fees;

·       Costs that are reimbursable by clients, including travel, document reproduction, subscription data services and other costs; and

·       Amortization of signing and performance bonuses that are subject to vesting over time.

31




Hourly fees charged by the professional staff that supports our experts, rather than the hourly fees charged by our experts, generate a majority of our gross profit. Most of our experts are compensated based on a percentage of their billings from 30% to 100%, averaging approximately 76% of their individual billings on particular projects in 2005. Experts are paid when we have received payment from our clients. Any outstanding advances previously paid to experts are deducted from such payments. In some cases, we have agreed to guarantee an expert’s draw at the inception of their employment for a period of time, which is typically one year or less. In such cases, if the expert’s earnings do not exceed their draws within a reasonable period of time prior to the end of the guarantee period, we recognize an estimate of the compensation expense we will ultimately incur by the end of the guarantee period. Experts not currently on this compensation model are compensated on a salary plus performance-based bonus model.

Because of the manner in which we pay our experts, our gross profit is significantly dependent on the margin on our professional staff services. The number of professional staff and the level of experience of professional staff assigned to a project will vary depending on the size, nature and duration of each engagement. We manage our personnel costs by monitoring engagement requirements and utilization of the professional staff. As an inducement to encourage experts to utilize our professional staff, experts generally receive project origination fees. These fees are based primarily on a percentage of the collected professional staff fees. Project origination fees can also include a percentage of the collected expert fees for those experts acting in a support role on an engagement. In 2005, these fees have averaged 11% of professional staff revenues. Experts are required, with some exceptions approved by us, to use our professional staff unless the skills required to perform the work are not available through us. In these instances we engage outside individual or firm-based consultants, who are typically compensated on an hourly basis. Both the revenue and the cost resulting from the services provided by these outside consultants are recognized in the period in which the services are performed. Such services are not a material component of our revenue.

Hiring experts sometimes involves the payment of cash signing bonuses. In some cases, the payment of a portion of a signing bonus is deferred until a future date. Signing bonuses are recognized when payment is made or we have the obligation to pay such bonus, and are generally amortized over the period during which they could be recovered from the employee if he or she were to leave us prior to a specified date, as defined in the employment agreement. We have also paid or are obligated to pay performance bonuses to certain experts that are subject to the recovery of unearned amounts if the expert leaves prior to a specified date. Like signing bonuses, performance bonuses are amortized over the period that the bonus can be recovered, and we recognize the amortization of performance bonuses at the time we determine that it is considered more likely than not that the performance criteria will be met. Most of our agreements allow us to recover signing and performance bonuses over periods generally ranging from one to eight years.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Revenue recognition

Revenue includes all amounts earned that are billed or billable, including reimbursable expenses, and have been reduced for amounts related to work performed that are estimated to be uncollectible. Expert revenues consist of revenues generated by experts who are our employees and revenues generated by experts who are independent contractors. There is no operating, business or other substantive distinction between our employee experts and our exclusive independent contractor experts.

Revenues primarily arise from time and material contracts, which are recognized in the period the services are performed. We also enter into certain performance-based contracts for which performance fees are dependent upon a successful outcome, as defined by the consulting engagement. Revenues related to performance-based fee contracts are recognized in the period when the earnings process is complete, and when we have received payment for the services we performed under the contract. Performance based

32




fees have been generated primarily by the Insurance Claims Group practice, the experts and staff of which left in September 2005. Consequently, we expect that performance based revenues will be significantly reduced in future periods. Revenues are also generated from fixed price contracts, which are recognized as the agreed upon services are performed. Such fixed price contract revenues are not a material component of total revenues.

Equity-based compensation

We will adopt SFAS  No.123(R) Share-Based Payment effective January 1, 2006 to account for equity-based compensation. Under SFAS No. 123(R), the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period defined by the terms of the award. We have previously used the Black-Scholes option pricing model for disclosure requirements under SFAS No. 123 to estimate the fair value of options granted prior to adopting SFAS No. 123(R), and will continue to use this model to value new option grants. Based on current options and restricted shares of common stock outstanding, we anticipate equity-based compensation in 2006 will be approximately $6.0 million. The actual amount of equity-based compensation to be incurred in 2006 can differ materially from this estimate based on factors such as the number of additional options and shares of restricted stock to be issued in 2006, the volatility of our stock and the vesting period for equity instruments granted to employees.

Provision for income taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109 Accounting for Income Taxes, under which deferred assets and liabilities are recognized based upon anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. In accordance with SFAS No. 109, a valuation allowance is established to reduce the carrying value of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that such asset will not be realized. Significant management judgment is required in determining if it is more likely than not that we will be able to utilize the potential tax benefit represented by our deferred tax assets. Consideration is given to evidence such as the history of prior year taxable income, expiration periods for net operating losses and our projections. No valuation allowance was recorded at December 31, 2004 or 2005 on deferred tax assets arising from our operations in the United States. As of December 31, 2005, we had $340,000 of deferred tax assets in connection with foreign net operating losses of approximately $1.1 million for which the Company has provided a full valuation allowance due to the uncertainty that these net operating loss carryforwards will eventually be utilized. We are entitled to a deduction for federal and state income taxes when non-qualified stock options are exercised and stock purchased through our employee stock purchase plan, or ESPP, is sold prior to the end of a required holding period. In 2004 and 2005, we recognized a total benefit from option exercises and disqualifying dispositions from our ESPP of $3.2 million and $6.0 million, respectively which reduced deferred tax assets and increased stockholders’ equity.

Our effective tax rate used to provide for estimated quarterly tax expense is determined based on estimates of worldwide pre-tax income, permanent differences and credits, and reviewed quarterly to determine if actual results require modifying the effective tax rate. Our actual effective tax rate for 2004 and 2005 was 41.0%.

From September 29, 2000 to November 13, 2003, we operated as a limited liability company (“LLC”) and were taxed as a partnership. Accordingly, LECG paid no significant income taxes on its own behalf during that period and there is no provision for income tax during the periods from September 29, 2000 to November 13, 2003 in our consolidated financial statements.

33




In connection with our November 2003 initial public offering, we became a C corporation subject to federal and state income taxes. Our results for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2003 include an income tax benefit of $9.6 million. As a result of our conversion from a nontaxable limited liability company to a taxable C corporation as of our November 13, 2003 initial public offering, and in accordance with SFAS No. 109, we established beginning balances in our deferred tax assets and liabilities. Our net deferred tax assets were comprised primarily of certain expert fees and equity-based compensation amounts that were previously expensed for financial reporting purposes, but were not yet deducted for income tax purposes. Such amounts were required to be recognized through the income tax provision in the period of the change in our tax status. Based upon our 2003 results, and our estimates of 2004 and future results, we determined that it was more likely than not, that we would realize the benefit of these deferred tax assets and, accordingly, no valuation allowance was considered necessary.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangibles

Goodwill was recorded at the time of the management buyout in September 2000. Additional goodwill and identifiable intangible were recorded related to acquisitions made through December 31, 2005. We determined that we have one reporting unit based on several factors, one of which was the similarity of operations throughout our individual offices. We evaluate our acquisitions on an individual basis to determine if it represents a separate reporting unit, as defined by SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for purposes of assigning goodwill and performing subsequent impairment testing. Thus far, our business acquisitions have been integrated within the structure of our organization and our individual offices share similar economic characteristics and consequently are aggregated for purposes of identifying our reporting units. We assess the impairment of goodwill at least annually, and whenever events or significant changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that we consider important in determining whether to perform an impairment review include significant underperformance relative to forecasted operating results and significant negative industry or economic trends. If we determine that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable, then we will assess impairment based on a projection of undiscounted future cash flows or some other basis such as our quoted market price  and measure the amount of impairment based on fair value. If a portion of a reporting unit that constitutes a business (as defined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States) has been disposed of by sale or abandonment, goodwill associated with that business is included in the carrying amount of that business in determining the gain or loss on disposal. During the third quarter of 2005, we wrote off $1.1 million of goodwill associated with the departure in September 2005 of certain experts and staff comprising the Insurance Claims Group, who joined us in July 2002 in connection with an acquisition. For the 2005 annual goodwill impairment test, we used the quoted market price of our common stock and compared our fair value to the carrying value of our equity. At October 1, 2005, we concluded that there was no impairment to our goodwill.

Intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued separately and amortized over their expected useful lives. Intangible assets consist principally of customer-related intangibles, including customer relationships and contract rights, as well as non-compete agreements and trade processes, and are amortized over six months to 20 years.

We assess the impairment of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If we determine that the carrying value of an intangible asset may not be recoverable, then we will assess impairment based on a projection of undiscounted future cash flows. At December 31, 2004 and 2005, we concluded that there was no impairment in our intangible assets.

34




Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Our financial statements contain various estimates including, but not limited to, estimates for unrealizable revenue, estimates for advances considered unrecoverable from experts on the expert model, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, discretionary and performance-based bonuses and contingent payments for businesses acquired. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to year ended December 31, 2004

Revenues

Revenues in 2005 increased $70.1 million, or 32%, to $286.7 million from $216.6 million in 2004. This increase included a $72.9 million, or 37%, increase in expert and professional staff revenues, excluding performance-based services. The increase in expert and professional staff revenues resulted from a 35% increase in the number of expert and professional staff billable hours, in addition to a 2% increase in the average hourly billing rate due to rate increases and changes in the expert and staff mix. Underlying this growth is the addition of 59 experts and 165 professional staff members since December 2004 as a result of our recruitment efforts, acquisitions of the businesses of Cook in March 2005, Bates in August 2005, Nielson Elggren in November 2005 and Lancaster and Beach in December 2005. and, and our continued growth in Europe and Canada. Our total international operations contributed $13.4 million to the overall growth in revenues in 2005. Revenues from our international operations represent 14% of total revenue as compared to 13% in 2004.

The increase in expert and professional staff revenue in 2005 was offset by a $5.7 million, or 74%, decrease in expert revenues from our performance-based services, to $2.0 million in 2005 from $7.7 million in 2004. The decrease was due primarily to the departure of the experts and staff comprising the Insurance Claims Group in September 2005. As a result of their departure, our performance-based fees will be substantially reduced in future periods.

Cost of services

Cost of services in 2005 increased $44.5 million, or 31%, to $188.2 million from $143.7 million in 2004. Our gross margin percentage was 34.3% in 2005 as compared to 33.6% in 2004. The overall margin improvement is due primarily to the growth in 2005 in our European operations, as 2004 represented the first year of expansion in continental Europe. Expert and professional staff compensation increased $34.7 million as we added 59 experts and 165 professional staff since December 2004. Our growth in revenues contributed to the increase in expert compensation, as a majority of our experts are paid a percentage of their own billings plus a percentage of professional staff billings on cases they originate. Bonus compensation for salaried experts and professional staff increased $5.1 million as compared to 2004 due to an increase in  professional staff headcount, a professional staff bonus compensation plan introduced in 2005 that is based heavily on utilization, low professional staff bonuses granted in 2004 and an increase in both the amount earned by and the number of salaried experts in 2005 that have a performance-based component to their overall compensation. Contributing to the increase in cost of services is the amortization of signing and performance bonuses of $6.7 million in 2005, representing an increase of $2.4 million as compared to 2004; $1.0 million of the increase relates to amortization of performance bonuses and $1.4 million to increased signing bonuses. The increase in signing bonus amortization is due, in part, to our recruiting activities in 2005. Project origination fees increased $3.4 million or 25% to $17.0 million in

35




2005 from $13.6 million in 2004, consistent with the growth in professional staff revenues. Costs associated with our performance-based services decreased by $4.7 million and $3.1 million for the year and fourth quarter 2005 as compared to the same periods in 2004, which is consistent with the decrease in performance based revenues and the departure of the Insurance Claims Group in September 2005.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses in 2005 increased $16.9 million, or 39%, to $60.9 million from $44.0 million in 2004. The increase was comprised of $15.8 million increase in general and administrative expenses and $1.1 million write-off of goodwill in connection with the departure of the experts and staff comprising the Insurance Claims Group in September 2005. Contributing to the increase in general and administrative expenses was $5.9 million of salary and related payroll taxes due primarily to salary increases and the addition of approximately 52 administrative staff since December 2004. Bonus compensation  for administrative staff increased $490,000 due to higher administrative headcount. Personnel costs and recruiting fees in connection with hiring experts and professional staff increased $973,000 in 2005. We anticipate we will continue to incur fees for recruiting as we pursue our growth strategy of attracting high-level experts and professional staff in practice areas where we are well established, as well as practice areas new to LECG.

Our facilities costs increased $2.4 million in connection with the expansion of existing offices and the opening of four new offices since December 31, 2004. Costs related to computers, telecommunications and supplies increased $2.2 million due to increased personnel and the growth in our operations. Depreciation expense and amortization increased $573,000 due to the expansion of certain existing offices and the opening of four new offices, as well as additions to depreciable equipment and software consistent with the overall growth in our operations. Marketing and related costs increased $1.3 million as the result of our expanded marketing activities and branding initiatives designed to increase the awareness of the LECG brand, examples of which include professional event sponsorship and seminar hosting, website enhancement and underwriting the costs of technical publications authored by our experts. Outside services including legal, accounting and personnel service fees increased $790,000, included in which are $559,000 of legal, accounting and financial advisory fees incurred during the fourth quarter of 2005 in connection with our efforts to make a significant acquisition that did not succeed, as  we were ultimately unable to agree upon price. Our efforts to acquire this company extended into the first quarter of 2006, and consequently, we will expense additional costs of approximately $375,000 in the quarter ending March 31, 2006.

Interest expense

We have had no outstanding debt throughout 2005 on our term loan or revolving credit facility. Interest expense in 2005 is comprised primarily of amortization of fees paid in connection with our credit facility.

Income taxes

We recognized a $15.6 million provision for income taxes on pretax income of $37.9 million, resulting in a 41.0% effective tax rate for 2005. The difference between our 41.0% effective tax rate and our combined marginal statutory federal and weighted average states’ rate of 40.4% for 2005 is primarily due to valuation allowances recognized on deferred tax assets arising from foreign net operating loss carryforwards, the realization of which is considered to be uncertain. We are entitled to a deduction for federal and state income taxes when non-qualified stock options are exercised. We have recognized a reduction of current taxes payable of $6.0 million for options exercised in 2005 and have reduced deferred tax assets by $1.0 and increased additional paid in capital by $5.0 million.

36




Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003

Comparability of financial results

The following impacts the comparability of our financial results for 2004 as compared to 2003:

·       Prior to November 13, 2003, no income taxes were recorded or paid at the corporate level. In prior periods we operated as a limited liability company and taxes were paid at the individual stockholder level and not by us.

·       Our change in tax status at November 13, 2003 resulted in a $9.6 million tax benefit recognized for financial reporting purposes in 2003.

·       Prior to November 13, 2003, we incurred preferred stock accretion and dividends on our outstanding preferred units. Those preferred units were redeemed in full in connection with our initial public offering. In 2003, they impacted the calculation of net income attributable to common shareholders and earnings per share.

·       Basic and diluted earnings per share for 2004 include the full impact of 8,625,000 shares sold in our initial public offering on November 13, 2003 and the partial impact of 250,000 shares sold in our secondary public offering on December 9, 2004, as the result of their  respective issuance dates.

Revenues

Revenues in 2004 increased $51.0 million, or 31%, to $216.6 million from $165.6 million in 2003. This increase included a $49.2 million, or 33%, increase in expert and professional staff revenues, excluding performance-based services. The increase in expert and professional staff revenues resulted from a 22% increase in the number of expert and professional staff billable hours, in addition to an 11% increase in the average hourly billing rate due to rate increases and changes in the expert and staff mix. Underlying this growth is the addition of 92 experts and 100 professional staff members in 2004 as a result of our recruitment efforts, acquisitions of the businesses of Low Rosen Taylor Soriano and Economic Analysis LLC in March 2004, Silicon Valley Expert Witness Group, Inc. in August 2004, Washington Advisory Group in October 2004, and our expansion in Europe. Our international operations contributed $12.8 million to the overall growth in revenues in 2004 and revenues from our international operations represent 13% of total revenue as compared to 9% in 2003. This increase was partially offset by a $1.4 million, or 15% decrease in expert revenues from our performance-based services, to $7.7 million in 2004 from $9.1 million in 2003.

Cost of services

Cost of services increased $31.3 million, or 28%, to $143.7 million from $112.4 million in 2003, and our gross margin percentage increased 1.5% from 33.6% in 2004 to 32.1% in 2003, due primarily to a $1.8 million reduction in equity-based compensation and lower pass-through rates, on average, for expert compensation realized in 2004 as compared to 2003. Expert and professional staff compensation increased $25.1 million as we added 92 experts and 100 professional staff in 2004. Our growth in revenues contributed to the overall increase in expert compensation, as a majority of our experts are paid a percentage of their own billings plus a percentage of professional staff billings. Due to increases in base salaries in 2004, and to align bonus compensation with our lower 2004 utilization rates, we reduced bonus compensation for professional staff by $1.4 million. Also contributing to the increase in cost of services is the amortization of signing bonuses of $4.5 million in 2004, representing an increase of $2.9 million from $1.6 million in 2003 as a consequence of our successful recruiting efforts. Project origination fees increased $2.8 million or 26% to $13.6 million in 2004 from $10.8 million in 2003 consistent with the growth in professional staff revenues.

37




Equity-based compensation in 2004 decreased $1.8 million due primarily to the variable accounting effect of certain restricted shares and options subject to performance-based vesting combined with lower prices for our stock in 2004 compared to 2003. The primary source of our current variable accounting expense was restricted shares subject to a non-recourse note. The note was repaid in May 2004, thereby eliminating any future impact of variable accounting resulting from these restricted shares. Offsetting the $594,000 benefit from shares and options subject to variable accounting is $598,000 of amortization expense associated with options and restricted stock issued with exercise prices less than the fair market value on the date of grant that are subject to fixed plan accounting for equity-based compensation. Such options and restricted stock were issued to employees prior to our November 2003 initial public offering.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses in 2004 increased $9.9 million, or 29%, to $44.0 million from $34.1 million in 2003. The increase was due in part to increases in administrative personnel and related payroll costs of $2.4 million. Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2004 include a reduction in bonus compensation of $1.3 million, as compared to 2003, to reflect increases in base salaries in 2004 and to align bonus compensation with our performance for 2004. Corresponding personnel costs, and recruiting fees in connection with hiring experts and professional staff, increased $2.0 million, due in part to our successful recruiting efforts in 2004. We anticipate we will continue to incur fees for recruiting as we pursue our growth strategy of attracting high-level experts and professional staff.

Also contributing to the increase in operating expenses is an increase in facilities costs of $2.4 million in connection with the expansion of existing offices and the opening of five new offices since December 31, 2003. The use of outside professional services increased by $2.3 million over 2003 resulting from increased legal, accounting and tax consulting fees, which were due in part to start-up services performed for our European operations, the NERA litigation, general corporate matters and costs associated with our public company status including our Sarbanes-Oxley compliance effort and tax compliance services. Contributing to the overall increase in operating expenses was an increase of $900,000 for computer related and supplies costs due to increases in our workforce and administrative related activity. Marketing and related costs increased $1.1 million as the result of increased business development efforts. Insurance costs increased $500,000 due in part to our status as a public company and our expansion.

Interest expense

Interest expense in 2004 decreased $2.4 million, to $238,000 from $2.6 million in 2003. The decrease was due to the absence of outstanding borrowings on both the revolving credit facility and the term loan throughout 2004 as the result of repaying the outstanding balances in November 2003. Interest expense is comprised primarily of amortization of fees paid in connection with our credit facility.

Income taxes

From September 29, 2000 to November 13, 2003, we operated as a limited liability company and were taxed as a partnership. Accordingly, we paid no significant income taxes on our own behalf during the periods from September 29, 2000 to November 13, 2003 in our consolidated financial statements.

In connection with our initial public offering, we became a C corporation subject to federal and state income taxes. We account for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109. We recognized a provision for income taxes of $11.9 million for 2004 resulting in an effective tax rate of 41.0%. We are entitled to a deduction for federal and state income taxes when non-qualified stock options are exercised. We have recognized a reduction of current taxes payable of $3.2 million for options exercised in 2004 and have reduced deferred tax assets and increased additional paid in capital by $1.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively.

38




Accrued preferred dividends and accretion of preferred units

In 2004, we no longer had an obligation to pay or accrue preferred Class A dividends or recognize accretion on preferred shares as a consequence of having redeemed all outstanding shares of our preferred Class A stock in November 2003. In 2003, we accrued preferred dividends and accretion of $7.7 million, thereby reducing net income available to common stockholders.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

As of December 31, 2005, we had $35.7 million in cash and cash equivalents, primarily in money market accounts. Our primary financing need will continue to be to fund the growth in our operations. An important element of our growth strategy is the recruitment of additional experts and our expansion into new geographic and service areas. We expect to continue to search for and acquire top-level experts in order to deepen our existing service offerings and to add new experts and related professional staff to new practice areas. The growth in the number of experts and scope of operations has been accomplished through a mix of individual hires, group hires and acquisitions. Our 2005 acquisitions of Cook in March, Bates in August, Neilson Elggren in November, and both Beach and Lancaster in December represent the acquisition component of our overall growth strategy achieved in 2005.

Our current sources of liquidity are our cash on hand and cash generated by operations, augmented by the proceeds and tax benefits from our non-qualified option exercises along with the sale of common stock through our Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In addition, we amended our revolving credit facility in July 2005 to provide for a maximum borrowing capacity of $50.0 million, $10.0 million of which can be used to secure letters of credit. We paid loan acquisition costs and related costs of $407,000 in 2005 to amend the credit facility, which expires May 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2005, we had no outstanding borrowings, and we had outstanding letters of credit for $1.6 million.

Net cash provided by operations in 2005 was $19.8 million as compared to $945,000 used by operations in 2004 and $14.6 million provided by operations in 2003. The primary sources and uses of cash from operations in 2005 were net income of $22.4 million, which included non-cash expenses of $12.2 million. This was offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $21.4 million resulting from the increase in expert and professional staff revenue and longer billing and collection periods. Various factors impact the average collection period of receivables including billing activities associated with new clients, consultancy on matters relating to bankruptcy, and international operations. We paid $7.7 million in signing bonuses and performance bonuses in 2005. Signing bonuses and signing bonuses with performance criteria are an integral part of our recruitment effort. We will likely continue to use signing bonuses in our efforts to recruit experts and professional staff. Substantially all of the signing bonuses and certain performance bonuses issued have vesting periods ranging from one to eight years, whereby we are entitled to recover the signing bonus on a pro rata basis in the event the recipient leaves prior to the end of the vesting period. Net cash used by operating activities in 2004 was $945,000, resulting primarily from $17.1 million of net income , which included non-cash expenses of $16.2 million offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $23.6 million as the result of the increase in expert and professional staff revenue and $18.7 million paid for signing bonuses in 2004.

39




Net cash used by investing activities was $37.4 million for 2005 as compared to $29.6 million in 2004 and $3.9 million in 2003. Acquisition related payments in 2003, 2004 and 2005 were as follows (in millions):

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Payments in connection with acquisitions (net of cash acquired and including transaction costs):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bates

 

$

 

$

 

$

17.1

 

Neilson Elggren

 

 

 

3.8

 

Cook

 

 

 

1.4

 

Lancaster

 

 

 

1.5

 

Beach

 

 

 

0.5

 

EA

 

 

15.4

 

 

SVEWG

 

 

4.2

 

1.0

 

LRTS

 

 

3.9

 

 

WAG

 

 

0.7

 

 

CFES

 

2.5

 

 

 

Total payments in connection with acquisitions

 

2.5

 

24.2

 

25.3

 

Performance based payments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EA

 

 

 

2.5

 

CFES

 

 

1.7

 

1.7

 

LRTS

 

 

 

1.1

 

Total performance based payments

 

 

1.7

 

5.3

 

Total acquisition related payments

 

$

2.5

 

$

25.9

 

$

30.6

 

 

Investing activities in 2005 also included investments in leasehold improvements related to the expansion of our Chicago office, and office equipment, computer hardware and software totaling $6.9 million. Investing activities in 2004 also included investments in leasehold improvements and equipment and computer hardware and software of  $3.7 million, due in part to the move into our new London office.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $12.6 million for 2005, as the result of $9.2 million of proceeds from the exercise of options and $2.1 million from the issuance of 140,774 shares of common stock in connection with our Employees Stock Purchase Plan and $1.3 million of net proceeds from our sale of an additional 74,375 shares of our common stock in January 2005 in a secondary public offering begun in December 2004.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $4.8 million for 2004, as the result of: $3.7 million of net proceeds from our secondary public offering, $2.9 million of proceeds from the exercise of options and $2.1 million of proceeds from the issuance of shares of our common stock in connection with our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, offset by final distributions to stockholders of $4.2 million for previously taxed but undistributed earnings and estimated taxes of the LLC.

Future needs

We believe funds generated by operations and the amounts available to us under our revolving credit facility will provide adequate cash to fund our anticipated cash needs, at least through the next twelve months. Thereafter, we anticipate that our cash requirements related to future operations will be funded with cash generated from operations and short-term borrowings. Cash payments for signing and performance bonuses and acquisitions could materially affect our anticipated cash needs. We currently anticipate that we will retain all of our earnings, if any, for development of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

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Inflation has not had a material impact on our operating results or financial position to date, nor do we expect inflation to have an impact in the short-term, however there can be no assurance that inflation will not have an adverse effect on our financial results and position in the future. Foreign currency exchange rates in countries we have operations have not had a material impact on our operating results or financial position to date,  Cash generated from the operations of our foreign subsidiaries have remained at the subsidiary to help fund their operations and we do not anticipate modifying that policy significantly, as it assists the operating subsidiary and mitigates the risk of transaction gains and losses from foreign currency fluctuations. However there can be no assurance that factors affecting exchange rates in these countries will not have an  adverse effect on our financial results and position in the future.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

The following table provides summary information concerning our future contractual and contingent obligations and commitments, including the acquisitions and expert hires disclosed below and other contingent commitments relating to other expert agreements, operating leases and purchase commitments.

 

 

Payments due by years ending December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

Thereafter

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Operating leases(2)

 

$

13,697

 

$

12,748

 

$

11,380

 

$

10,502

 

$

8,847

 

 

$

12,694

 

 

$

69,868

 

Bonus and signing bonus commitments

 

3,431

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,431

 

Contingent bonus commitments(3)

 

11,312

 

14,527

 

375

 

 

 

 

 

 

26,214

 

Guaranteed/earned purchase price commitments(4)

 

6,344

 

510

 

 

2,000

 

 

 

 

 

8,854

 

Contingent purchase price commitments(5)

 

2,893

 

14,802

 

6,750

 

5,422

 

1,084

 

 

2,245

 

 

33,196

 

Purchase commitments(6)

 

1,520

 

449

 

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,977

 

Total(1)

 

$

39,197

 

$

43,036

 

$

18,513

 

$

17,924

 

$

9,931

 

 

$

14,939

 

 

$

143,540

 


(1)           The table includes the maximum potential payments associated with contractual obligations that are contingent upon the achievement of significant specified performance criteria. Consequently, the amounts and timing of such payments included in the table are estimates. Actual payments, if any, may differ materially from the estimates presented. If different assumptions were used, the timing and amounts of the estimates would have been materially different.

(2)           We lease our office facilities and certain equipment under operating lease arrangements expiring on various dates through 2019. We lease office facilities under noncancelable operating leases that include fixed or minimum payments plus, in some cases, scheduled base rent increases over the term of the lease and additional rents based on the Consumer Price Index. Certain leases provide for monthly payments of real estate taxes, insurance, and other expenses.

(3)           Represents the maximum payment under the terms of certain expert and acquisition agreements and are subject to achieving certain significant performance criteria. Actual amounts, if any, to be paid could be significantly less than the maximum presented and may vary in timing from that which is presented in the table.

(4)           Represents actual amounts to be paid. Timing of the payment may vary if certain performance targets are achieved.

(5)           Represents the maximum payment under the terms of the agreements and are subject to achieving certain significant performance criteria. Actual amounts, if any, to be paid could be significantly less than the maximum presented and may vary in timing from that which is presented in the schedule.

(6)           Primarily represents maintenance, service and outsourcing contracts.

We have made commitments in connection with our acquisitions and certain expert agreements that will require us to make additional payments and bonus compensation payments if various performance

41




goals are met. The following information is included in the summary of commitments table appearing in the beginning of this  section.

In December 2005, we acquired the business of Lancaster. In addition to the purchase price of $1.5 million paid in cash, if specified performance targets are achieved through December 2009, we will make additional payments of up to $1.35 million by no later than March 2010.

In December 2005, we acquired the business of Beach. In addition to the purchase price of $500,000 paid in cash, if specified performance targets are achieved through June 2008, we will make an additional payment of $500,000 by no later than August 2008.

In November 2005, we acquired the business of Neilson. In addition to the purchase price of $4.0 million paid in cash and shares of our common stock, if specified annual performance targets are achieved through October 2010, we will make additional payments of up to $3.75 million by no later than January 2011. An additional payment of up to $1.5 million will also be made in December 2010 if higher targets are met by no later than October 2010.

In August 2005, we acquired the business of Bates. In addition to the purchase price of $18.1 million paid in cash and shares of our common stock, if specified annual performance targets are achieved through July 2011, we will make additional payments of up to $13.0 million by no later than September 2011.

In March 2005, we acquired the business of Cook. In addition to the purchase price of $1.6 million paid in cash and shares of our common stock, if specified performance targets are achieved through December 2008, we will make additional payments of up to $1.2 million by no later than March 2009.

In connection with our October 2004 acquisition of Washington Advisory Group, we will make an additional guaranteed payment of $400,000 no later than February 2007, and, if specified performance targets are achieved through December 2006, we will make additional payments of up to $2.1 million by no later than February 2007.

In connection with our August 2004 acquisition of SVEWG, we recognized a liability in the third quarter of 2005 for an estimated performance payment of $87,000. In addition, we will make guaranteed payments of $2.0 million over the period beginning September 2006 and ending no later than September 2009, and if specified performance targets are achieved through July 2009, we will make additional payments of up to $2.7 million over the same period.

In connection with our March 2004 acquisition of EA, we paid approximately $1.7 million in March 2006 as specified performance targets for 2005 were achieved. If specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, we will make an additional payment of up to $2.6 million in March 2007. Additional payments of up to $2.0 million will also be made by March 2009 if certain higher performance targets are achieved through December 2008.

In connection with our March 2004 acquisition of LRTS, we paid $1.5 million in February 2006 as specified performance targets for 2005 were achieved. If specified performance targets achieved through February 2008, we will make additional payments of up to $2.1 million by no later than April 2008.

In connection with the hiring of certain experts and professional staff in March 2004, we will pay $5.7 million of performance bonuses in March 2006 as specified performance targets for 2005 were achieved. If specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, we have agreed to pay performance bonuses of up to $5.7 million in March 2007. All such performance bonus payments are subject to amortization from the time the bonus is earned through March 2011.

In connection with our March 2003 acquisition of CFES, we will pay $1.8 million in August 2006 as specified performance targets were achieved in 2005, and if certain specified performance targets are met in 2006, we will make an additional payment of $1.9 million in August 2007. In addition, as a result of

42




achieving specified performance targets in 2005, we will pay bonus compensation of $560,000 in August 2006, and if specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, we will pay bonus compensation of up to $580,000 in August 2007.

ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Cash investment policy

We have established cash investment guidelines consistent with the objectives of preservation and safety of funds invested, ensuring liquidity and optimizing yield on investment. Eligible investments include money market accounts, US Treasuries, US Agency securities, commercial paper, municipal bonds, AAA rated asset-backed securities, certificates of deposit and agency backed mortgage securities. We seek the highest quality credit rating available for each type of security used for investment purposes.

Interest rate risk

Our interest income and expense is sensitive to changes in the general level of interest rates in the United States, particularly since the majority of our investments are short-term in nature. Due to the nature of our short-term investments, we have concluded that we do not have material market risk exposure.

Our investment policy requires us to invest funds in excess of current operating requirements. As of December 31, 2005, our cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of money market funds. The recorded carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

Our long-term debt agreement calls for interest to be charged at variable rates. We had no outstanding long-term debt during 2005. If the weighted average interest rate on our variable rate debt were to have changed by 50 basis points in 2005, interest expense would not have been different from that reported.

Currency risk

We currently have international operations in Argentina, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. The functional currency in each location is the local currency. Fluctuations in exchange rates of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies may result in foreign exchange gains and losses. If exchange rates on such currencies were to fluctuate 10%, we believe that our results from operations and cash flows would not be materially affected.

43







REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of LECG Corporation:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of LECG Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005. We also have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying “Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements, an opinion on management’s assessment, and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of LECG Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended

45




December 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Francisco, California
March 10, 2006

46




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2004

 

2005

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

42,082

 

$

35,722

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $433 and $666

 

73,137

 

94,299

 

Prepaid expenses

 

3,456

 

4,317

 

Deferred tax assets, net

 

1,476

 

1,745

 

Signing and performance bonuses—current portion

 

4,907

 

6,122

 

Other current assets

 

5,255

 

4,775

 

Total current assets

 

130,313

 

146,980

 

Property and equipment, net

 

6,493

 

10,791

 

Goodwill

 

57,947

 

77,133

 

Other intangible assets, net

 

478

 

10,865

 

Signing and performance bonuses—long-term

 

15,051

 

19,035

 

Other long-term assets

 

4,429

 

8,081

 

Total assets

 

$

214,711

 

$

272,885

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

$

37,599

 

$

43,924

 

Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities

 

6,225

 

5,412

 

Payable for business acquisitions—current portion

 

6,183

 

6,510

 

Deferred revenue

 

1,409

 

2,427

 

Income taxes payable

 

476

 

3,961

 

Total current liabilities

 

51,892

 

62,234

 

Payable for business acquisitions—long-term

 

2,400

 

2,400

 

Deferred compensation plan

 

3,203

 

6,615

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

386

 

989

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

2,443

 

5,581

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 22,813,471 and 24,243,482 shares outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively

 

23

 

24

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

125,070

 

144,171

 

Deferred equity compensation

 

(1,580

)

(1,056

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

1,158

 

(165

)

Retained earnings

 

29,716

 

52,092

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

154,387

 

195,066

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

214,711

 

$

272,885

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

47




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Revenues

 

$

165,594

 

$

216,555

 

$

286,656

 

Cost of services

 

(112,388

)

(143,715

)

(188,242

)

Gross profit

 

53,206

 

72,840

 

98,414

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General and administrative expenses

 

(29,832

)

(40,228

)

(55,490

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

(4,261

)

(3,760

)

(4,383

)

Goodwill write off

 

 

 

(1,063

)

Operating income

 

19,113

 

28,852

 

37,478

 

Interest income

 

103

 

359

 

809

 

Interest expense

 

(2,620

)

(238

)

(346

)

Other income (expense), net

 

466

 

5

 

(15

)

Income before income taxes

 

17,062

 

28,978

 

37,926

 

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

9,613

 

(11,874

)

(15,550

)

Net income

 

26,675

 

17,104

 

22,376

 

Accrued preferred dividends and accretion of preferred units

 

(7,712

)

 

 

Net income attributable to common shares

 

$

18,963

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Net income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

1.39

 

$

0.78

 

$

0.96

 

Diluted

 

$

1.17

 

$

0.73

 

$

0.91

 

Shares used in calculating net income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

13,674

 

21,905

 

23,409

 

Diluted

 

16,261

 

23,429

 

24,557

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

48




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASHFLOWS
(in thousands)

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

26,675

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bad debt expense

 

482

 

207

 

201

 

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment

 

2,945

 

2,490

 

3,064

 

Amortization of other intangibles

 

1,316

 

1,270

 

1,319

 

Signing and performance bonuses paid

 

(2,565

)

(18,687

)

(7,652

)

Amortization of signing and performance bonuses

 

1,448

 

4,304

 

6,729

 

Goodwill write-off

 

 

 

1,063

 

Tax benefit from option exercises and equity compensation plans

 

 

3,155

 

6,027

 

Equity based compensation

 

1,754

 

4

 

541

 

Deferred rent

 

540

 

1,148

 

1,441

 

Deferred taxes

 

(10,095

)

7,913

 

(731

)

Other

 

(191

)

(38

)

(88

)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(11,388

)

(23,626

)

(21,373

)

Prepaid and other current assets

 

(1,924

)

(3,585

)

(474

)

Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities

 

(518

)

216

 

2,644

 

Accrued compensation

 

5,502

 

6,891

 

1,978

 

Deferred revenue

 

(193

)

101

 

972

 

Deferred compensation plan assets net of liabilities

 

 

46

 

166

 

Other assets

 

813

 

16

 

(227

)

Other liabilities

 

25

 

126

 

1,866

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

14,626

 

(945

)

19,842

 

Cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Business acquisitions, net of acquired cash

 

(2,498

)

(25,851

)

(30,551

)

Purchase of property and equipment

 

(1,349

)

(3,664

)

(6,897

)

Other

 

(84

)

(102

)

6

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(3,931

)

(29,617

)

(37,442

)

Cash flows from financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from initial and secondary public offering, net of offering costs

 

134,132

 

3,733

 

1,311

 

Proceeds from issuance of stock—employee stock plan

 

 

2,112

 

2,071

 

Exercise of stock options

 

505

 

2,912

 

9,181

 

Borrowings under revolving credit facility

 

41,400

 

 

 

Repayments of long-term debt

 

(18,800

)

 

 

Repayments under revolving credit facility

 

(42,900

)

 

 

Payment of loan fees

 

(892

)

 

 

Redemption of preferred units

 

(40,713

)

 

 

Distributions to common unitholders

 

(19,407

)

(4,235

)

 

Other

 

11

 

295

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

53,336

 

4,817

 

12,563

 

Effect of exchange rates on changes in cash

 

570

 

650

 

(1,323

)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

64,601

 

(25,095

)

(6,360

)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

 

2,576

 

67,177

 

42,082

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

 

$

67,177

 

$

42,082

 

$

35,722

 

Supplemental disclosure

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

 

$

1,984

 

$

299

 

$

108

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

153

 

$

686

 

$

5,888

 

Non cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of common stock issued for acquisitions

 

 

$

1,958

 

$

1,500

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

49




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(in thousands, except unit and share data)

 

 

Common units

 

Common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Units

 

Amount

 

Accumulated
deficit

 

Shares

 

Par
value

 

Additional
paid in
capital

 

Retained
earnings

 

Receivable
from
stockholder

 

Deferred
equity
compensation

 

other
comprehensive
income (loss)

 

Total
stockholders’
equity

 

Total
comprehensive
income (loss)

 

Balance at December 31, 2002

 

12,775,030

 

 

31,228

 

 

 

(38,161

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(290

)

 

 

(1,280

)

 

 

(129

)

 

 

(8,632

)

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred equity compensation

 

140,625

 

 

2,025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,025

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity compensation and other

 

(1,875

)

 

67

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

598

 

 

 

 

 

 

(13

)

 

 

1,112

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,764

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise of options

 

154,376

 

 

505

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

505

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred dividends

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,712

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,712

)

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred accretion

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5,001

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5,001

)

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions to common unitholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

(23,383

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(23,383

)

 

 

 

 

 

Net income through November 13, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,063

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,063

 

 

 

$ 14,063

 

 

Conversion to C corporation

 

(13,068,156

)

 

(33,825

)

 

 

55,194

 

 

13,068,156

 

 

13

 

 

 

(21,382

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from initial public offering, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8,625,000

 

 

9

 

 

 

134,110

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

134,119

 

 

 

 

 

 

Decrease in shareholder receivable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income from November 13, 2003 to December 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,612

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,612

 

 

 

12,612

 

 

Amortization of transition adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

70

 

 

 

70

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

569

 

 

 

569

 

 

 

569

 

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$ 27,244

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21,693,156

 

 

22

 

 

 

113,326

 

 

 

12,612

 

 

 

(290

)

 

 

(2,193

)

 

 

510

 

 

 

123,987

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock—Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

145,837

 

 

 

 

 

2,112

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,112

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from public offering, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

250,000

 

 

 

 

 

3,733

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,733

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisitions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

107,741

 

 

 

 

 

1,958

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,958

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity compensation and other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(606

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

612

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise of options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

626,112

 

 

1

 

 

 

2,911

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,912

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax benefit of stock option exercises

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,063

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,063

 

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchases of common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,375

)

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions to common unitholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(431

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(431

)

 

 

 

 

 

Decrease in shareholder receivable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

290

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

295

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,104

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,104

 

 

 

$ 17,104

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

648

 

 

 

648

 

 

 

648

 

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$ 17,752

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22,813,471

 

 

23

 

 

 

125,070

 

 

 

29,716

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,580

)

 

 

1,158

 

 

 

154,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock—Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

140,774

 

 

 

 

 

2,071

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,071

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from public offering, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

74,375

 

 

 

 

 

1,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisitions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

69,256

 

 

 

 

 

1,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

524

 

 

 

 

 

 

541

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise of options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,145,606

 

 

1

 

 

 

9,180

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,181

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax benefit of stock option exercises

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,022

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,022

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22,376

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22,376

 

 

 

$ 22,376

 

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,323

)

 

 

(1,323

)

 

 

(1,323

)

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$21,053

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

 

 

$        —

 

 

 

$        —

 

 

24,243,482

 

 

$ 24

 

 

 

$ 144,171

 

 

 

$ 52,092

 

 

 

$   —

 

 

 

$ (1,056

)

 

 

$  (165

)

 

 

$ 195,066

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

50

 




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.                 Basis of Presentation and Operations

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of LECG Corporation (formerly “LECG Holding Company, LLC”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, LECG, LLC, (collectively, the “Company”, “Companies” or “LECG”). The Companies were formed as a California limited liability company concurrent with the management buyout on September 29, 2000 of substantially all of the assets and certain assumed liabilities of LECG, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Navigant Consulting Inc. In November 2003, the Company completed a merger and exchange transaction immediately prior to completing its initial public offering, in which ownership of LECG, LLC was transferred from LECG Holding Company, LLC to LECG Corporation.

The Company provides expert services, including economic and financial analysis, expert testimony, litigation support and strategic management consulting to a broad range of public and private enterprises. The Company’s experts may be either employees of the Company or independent contractors. Services are provided by academics, recognized industry leaders and former high-level government officials (collectively, “experts”) with the assistance of a professional support staff. These services are provided primarily in the United States from the Company’s headquarters in Emeryville, California and its 22 other offices across the country. The Company also has international offices in Argentina, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated from the consolidated results of operations and financial position.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Fair value

The carrying amount of cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their estimated fair values because of the short maturity of these financial instruments.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist principally of money market funds.

51




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Property and equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization and includes costs of improvements to leased properties. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful life or the lesser of the estimated useful life or related lease term. Estimated useful lives generally range from three years for computers, software, telecommunication equipment and office equipment, and five years for furniture and fixtures. The Company’s policy is to evaluate its property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized would be measured as the difference between the related carrying amount and fair value. No such impairment has been recognized.

Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets

Goodwill relates to the Company’s business acquisitions, reflecting the excess of purchase price over fair value of identifiable net assets acquired. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets provides that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives will not be amortized, but must be tested for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amounts of these assets may not be recoverable.

For purposes of testing for impairment of goodwill, the Company determined that it has one reporting unit based on the similarity of operations throughout its individual offices. The Company’s business acquisitions have been integrated within the structure of the organization and all the individual offices share similar economic characteristics and do not represent separate reporting units.  The Company assesses the impairment of goodwill at least annually, and whenever events or significant changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may no be recoverable.  Factors that the Company considers important in determining whether to perform an impairment review include significant underperformance relative to forecasted operating results and significant negative industry or economic trends. If the Company determines that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable, then the Company will assess impairment based on a projection of undiscounted future cash flows or some other basis such as our quoted market price and measure the amount of impairment based on fair value. For the 2005 annual goodwill impairment test, we used the quoted market price of our common stock and compared our fair value to the carrying value of our equity. At October 1, 2005, we concluded that there was no impairment to our goodwill.

If a portion of a reporting unit that constitutes a business has been disposed of by sale or abandonment, goodwill associated with that business is included in the carrying amount of that business in determining the gain or loss on disposal. During the third quarter of 2005, we wrote off $1.1 million of goodwill associated with the departure in September 2005 of certain experts and staff comprising the Insurance Claims Group.

52




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Year ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2004

 

2005

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

23,976

 

$

57,947

 

Acquisitions (see Note 3)

 

27,256

 

13,563

 

Additional performance-based component of acquisitions (See Note 3)

 

6,759

 

6,522

 

Goodwill write-off

 

 

(1,063

)

Other(1)

 

(44

)

164

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

57,947

 

$

77,133

 


(1)          Other represents the finalization of initial estimates related to transaction costs and to certain assumed liabilities.

Other intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued separately and amortized over their expected useful lives. Other intangible assets consist principally of customer relationships, contract rights, non-compete agreements and trade processes and are generally amortized over six months to 20 years.

Other intangible assets as of December 31, 2004 and 2005 were (in thousands):

 

 

Gross

 

Accumulated
Amortization

 

Net

 

As of December 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer contracts

 

$

1,814

 

 

$

(1,436

)

 

$

378

 

Other

 

100

 

 

 

 

100

 

Total

 

$

1,914

 

 

$

(1,436

)

 

$

478

 

As of December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer relationships

 

$

8,600

 

 

$

(368

)

 

$

8,232

 

Customer contracts

 

1,666

 

 

(527

)

 

1,139

 

Other identifiable intangible assets

 

1,540

 

 

(46

)

 

1,494

 

Total

 

$

11,806

 

 

$

(941

)

 

$

10,865

 

 

The estimated future amortization expense of other intangible assets as of December 31, 2005 is as follows (in thousands):

2006

 

$

2,098

 

2007

 

1,328

 

2008

 

1,148

 

2009

 

1,109

 

2010

 

1,109

 

Thereafter

 

4,073

 

Total

 

$

10,865

 

 

53




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Revenue recognition

Revenue includes all amounts earned that are billed or billable to clients, including reimbursable expenses, and have been reduced for amounts related to work performed that are estimated to be uncollectible. Expert revenues consist of revenues generated by experts who are employees of the Company as well as revenues generated by experts who are independent contractors. There is no operating, business or other substantive distinction between the Company’s employee experts and the Company’s exclusive independent contractor experts.

Revenues primarily arise from time and material contracts, which are recognized in the period in which the services are performed. The Company also enters into certain performance-based contracts for which performance fees are dependent upon a successful outcome, as defined by the consulting engagement. Revenues related to performance-based fee contracts are recognized in the period when the earnings process is complete, and the Company has received payment for the services performed under the contract. Revenues are also generated from fixed price contracts, which are recognized as the agreed upon services are performed. Such revenues are not a material component of total revenues.

Deferred revenue

Deferred revenue consists of retainers paid by customers to the Company. Such amounts are recorded as revenue as services are rendered.

Cost of services

Costs of services consists of compensation to experts, compensation of professional staff, project costs including reimbursable expenses and fees charged for outside services, equity-based compensation and signing and performance bonuses.

The majority of the Company’s compensation to experts is comprised of expert fees and project origination fees. Expert fees represent amounts earned by the experts based on their contractual “pass-through” percentage applied to revenues generated by work they perform in the period. Project origination fees represent the contractual percentage applied to professional staff revenue and in certain circumstances other expert revenue, recognized on engagements secured by such experts. Expert fees and project origination fees are accrued in the period in which the associated revenue is recognized. Experts who are compensated under the Company’s variable compensation expert model also may receive a discretionary bonus each quarter. Such bonus is determined based upon 5% of such expert’s total compensation each quarter, up to a maximum of $50,000 annually for each expert. The decision as to whether to pay this discretionary bonus is made on a quarterly basis. The Company’s Board of Directors has delegated this quarterly decision to Dr. Teece, Chairman of the Board, and Mr. Kaplan, President and Director through February 22, 2006. Such discretionary bonuses included in cost of services were $0 in 2003, 2004 and 2005. The remaining experts’ compensation consists of compensation paid under a salary and bonus model.

Signing and performance bonuses, which represent supplemental payments to attract and retain certain key experts are deferred and amortized over the period for which they are recoverable from the individual expert, generally one to eight years. Amortization of signing and performance bonuses included in cost of services was $1.4 million, $4.3 million and $6.7 million in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

54




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Deferred rent

The Company leases office space in 33 cities. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, taking into account lessor incentives for tenant improvements and periods, including construction periods, where no rent payment is required (“rent holidays”). The Company recognizes deferred rent as the difference between the expense recognized on a straight-line basis and the payments made per the terms of the lease.

Income taxes

In connection with the Company’s initial public offering, the Company became a C Corporation subject to federal and state income taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109 Accounting for Income Taxes, under which deferred assets and liabilities were recognized based upon anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is established to reduce the carrying value of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.

Prior to converting to a C corporation on November 13, 2003, the Company operated as a limited liability company (“LLC”). As an LLC, LECG’s income or losses were “passed through” to its owners who were liable for any related income taxes. LECG was subject to an $800 minimum tax and a tax based on total revenues of the Company by the State of California and also certain income taxes related to foreign jurisdictions. For 2003 and 2004, the Company distributed $8.3 million and $1.3 million respectively, to common unitholders towards the payment of tax obligations.

Concentration of credit risk

The Company’s accounts receivable base consists of a broad range of clients in a variety of industries located throughout the United States and in other countries. The Company performs a credit evaluation of each of its clients to minimize its collectibility risk and has not required collateral or other security from its clients.

The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

315

 

$

482

 

$

433

 

Charged to costs and expenses

 

482

 

207

 

201

 

Amounts written off, net of recoveries

 

(315

)

(256

)

32

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

482

 

$

433

 

$

666

 

 

55




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Equity-based compensation

The Company uses the intrinsic value method prescribed in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, for options granted to employees. Accordingly, compensation cost related to option grants to employees is measured as the excess, if any, of the fair value of the Company’s stock at the date of the grant over the option exercise price and such cost is charged to operations over the related option vesting period. SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, requires that companies record compensation cost for equity-based compensation to non-employees based on fair values. Accordingly, the Company records compensation cost for options granted to non-employees using a fair value based method over the related option vesting period.

SFAS No. 123 requires the disclosure of pro forma net income and net income per share had the Company adopted the fair value method since the Company’s inception. Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of stock-based awards to employees is calculated through the use of option pricing models, even though such models were developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the Company’s stock option awards. If the computed values of the Company’s stock-based awards to employees had been amortized to expense over the vesting period of the awards (based upon the weighted average assumptions described in Note 8), net income would have been (in thousands, except per share data):

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Net income attributed to common stockholders as reported

 

$

18,963

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Add: equity-based employee compensation expense included in net income, net of the effect of taxes

 

1,754

 

2

 

319

 

Deduct: total equity-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of the effect of taxes

 

(7,491

)

(3,191

)

(4,465

)

Pro forma net income

 

$

13,226

 

$

13,915

 

$

18,230

 

Basic income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common shares—as reported

 

$

1.39

 

$

0.78

 

$

0.96

 

Net adjustment for fair value based method

 

(0.42

)

(0.15

)

(0.18

)

Net income attributable to common shares—pro forma

 

$

0.97

 

$

0.63

 

$

0.78

 

Diluted income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common shares—as reported

 

$

1.17

 

$

0.73

 

$

0.91

 

Net adjustment for fair value based method

 

(0.36

)

(0.14

)

(0.17

)

Net income attributable to common shares—pro forma

 

$

0.81

 

$

0.59

 

$

0.74

 

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), which replaces SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” SFAS No. 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values.

As required, the Company adopted SFAS  No.123(R) Share-Based Payment effective January 1, 2006 to account for equity-based compensation and will use the modified prospective method of transition, which requires that compensation expense be recorded at the beginning of the first quarter of adoption of

56




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

SFAS No. 123(R) for all unvested stock options and restricted stock based upon the previously disclosed SFAS No. 123 methodology and amounts. Under SFAS No. 123(R), the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period defined by the terms of the award. The Company has previously used the Black-Scholes option pricing model for disclosure requirements under SFAS No. 123 to estimate the fair value of options granted prior to adopting SFAS No. 123(R), and will continue to use this option pricing model to value new option grants. Based on current options and restricted shares of common stock outstanding, the Company anticipates equity-based compensation in 2006 will be approximately $6.0 million. The actual amount of equity-based compensation to be incurred in 2006 can differ materially from this estimate based on factors such as the number of additional options and shares of restricted stock to be issued in 2006, the volatility of the Company’s stock and the vesting period for equity instruments granted to employees.

Net income per share and share amounts

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares, comprised of common shares issuable upon the exercise of options and unvested restricted stock, are included in the diluted net income per common share calculation to the extent these shares are dilutive.

The following is a reconciliation of net income and the number of shares used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (in thousands, except per share data):

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Net income attributable to common shares

 

$

18,963

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Weighted average shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

13,674

 

21,905

 

23,409

 

Effect of dilutive stock options and unvested restricted stock

 

2,587

 

1,524

 

1,148

 

Diluted

 

16,261

 

23,429

 

24,557

 

Net income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

1.39

 

$

0.78

 

$

0.96

 

Diluted

 

$

1.17

 

$

0.73

 

$

0.91

 

 

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share for 2003,  2004 and 2005, as these shares were antidilutive: 0.7 million, 1.8 million and 2.2 million, respectively.

Foreign currency translation

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment are translated to U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at weighted-average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are a result of the effect of exchange rate changes on transactions

57




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

denominated in currencies other than the functional currency, including U.S. dollars. Gains and losses on those foreign currency transactions are included in determining net income for the period in which exchange rates change.

Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income represents net income plus other comprehensive income resulting from changes in foreign currency translation.

Segment reporting

SFAS No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, establishes annual and interim reporting standards for an enterprise’s business segments and related disclosures about its products, services, geographic areas and major customers. The Company operates as one business segment. Revenues attributable to international activities were $15.2 million, $28.0 million and $41.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. Total long-lived assets of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries were $9.4 million and $12.1 million as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

3.   Business Acquisitions

Goodwill recognized as a result of our acquisitions was attributable to the intellectual capital of the respective acquired workforce. The acquired businesses consisted almost entirely of experts and professional staff having specialized knowledge of specific markets, regulations and industries. Each of the acquired businesses is fundamentally dependent on the qualifications, expertise and reputation of the individuals. Therefore, in each acquisition, the excess of purchase price over the net tangible and intangible assets acquired was treated as goodwill under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations.

In December 2005, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Lancaster Consulting LLC (“Lancaster”), an expert services firm specializing in general management, mergers and acquisitions, litigation and financial management consulting. The purchase price consisted of $1.5 million paid at closing. The purchase price, including acquisition costs, was allocated as follows:

·       $1.5 million to goodwill and

·       $64,000 to contract rights (six-month amortization), other identifiable intangible assets (six-year amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through December 2009, the Company will make additional payments of up to $1.35 million by no later than March 2010. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

In December 2005, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Beach & Company International LP (“Beach), an expert services firm specializing in financial, economic and operational consulting.  The purchase price consisted of $500,000 paid at closing. The purchase price, including acquisition costs, was allocated as follows:

·       $447,000 to goodwill,

58




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

·       $75,000 to contract rights (eight-month amortization), other identifiable intangible assets (three-year amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved by June 2008,  the Company will make an additional payment of $500,000 by no later than August 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

In November 2005, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Neilson Elggren LLP (“Neilson”), a financial and insolvency expert and consulting services firm.  The purchase price of $4.0 million was comprised of $3.75 million of cash paid at closing and 10,832 unregistered shares of LECG stock with an estimated fair market value of $250,000. The purchase price, including acquisition costs, was allocated as follows:

·       $3.1 million to goodwill,

·       $430,000 to contract rights (21-month amortization),

·       $380,000 to other intangible assets (five to seven-year amortization) and

·       $96,000 to net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through October 2010, the Company will make additional payments of up to $3.75 million by no later than January 2011. An additional payment of up to $1.5 million will also be made in December 2010 if higher targets are met by no later than October 2010. As of December 31, 2005, as a result of achieving specified performance targets, the Company recognized $110,000 of additional goodwill, to be paid in January 2007.

On August 15, 2005 the Company purchased the business (including certain assets, experts and professional staff) of Bates Private Capital Inc. (“Bates”), an expert services firm specializing in dispute resolution for the retail securities industry. The purchase price of $18.1 million was comprised of $17.0 million paid in cash at closing, the issuance of 44,425 unregistered shares of LECG common stock with an estimated fair market value of $1.0 million and acquisition costs of $89,000. The purchase price, including acquisition costs, was allocated as follows:

·       $7.0 million to goodwill,

·       $8.6 million to customer relationships (nine-year amortization),

·       $1.1 million to contract rights (one-year amortization),

·       $1.0 million to other identifiable intangible assets (seven to 20-year amortization) and

·       $419,000 to fixed assets and net current assets

In addition, if specified annual performance targets are achieved from August 2005 to July 2011, the Company will make additional payments of up to $13.0 million by no later than September 2011. Additional goodwill will be recognized in subsequent years if these performance targets are met. As of December 31, 2005, as a result of achieving specified performance targets, the Company recognized $1.2 million of additional goodwill, to be paid in September 2006.

59




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following summarized unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations are presented as if the acquisition of Bates had occurred on January 1, 2004. The unaudited results are not necessarily indicative of future earnings or earnings that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

Unaudited

 

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2004

 

2005

 

Revenue—as reported

 

$

216,555

 

$

286,656

 

Revenue—pro forma

 

$

234,742

 

$

299,054

 

Net income—as reported

 

$

17,104

 

$

22,376

 

Net income—pro forma

 

$

18,887

 

$

24,101

 

Net income per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic—as reported

 

$

0.78

 

$

0.96

 

Basic—pro forma

 

$

0.86

 

$

1.03

 

Diluted—as reported

 

$

0.73

 

$

0.91

 

Diluted—pro forma

 

$

0.80

 

$

0.98

 

 

On March 1, 2005, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of J. Philip Cook & Associates, Inc. (“Cook”), a company providing appraisal, consulting, feasibility analysis and expert witness services related to real estate and business valuation. The purchase price of $1.6 million was comprised of $1.35 million paid in cash at closing and the issuance of 13,999 unregistered shares of LECG common stock with an estimated fair market value of $250,000. The purchase price including acquisition costs was allocated as follows:

·       $1.6 million to goodwill,

·       $90,000 to contract rights (two to 12-month amortization) and net current assets and equipment.

In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved from March 2005 through December 2008, the Company will make additional payments of up to $1.2 million by no later than March 2009. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if such performance targets are met.

In October 2004, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Washington Advisory Group, LLC (“WAG”), an expert services firm specializing in technology assessment and policy, and research and development strategy. The purchase price was comprised of an initial payment of $658,000 and a minimum guaranteed payment of $400,000 payable by February 15, 2007 or before if certain performance targets are achieved. The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $940,000 to goodwill,

·       $69,000 to contract rights (six-month amortization) and

·       $49,000 to net current assets and property and equipment.

Additional payments of up to $2.1 million will be made by no later than February 2007 if specified performance targets are met through December 2006. Additional goodwill will be recognized in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

60




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

In August 2004, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Silicon Valley Expert Witness Group, Inc. (“SVEWG”), a company providing expert services involving complex technologies and intellectual property disputes. The purchase price of $9.0 million was comprised of $5.0 million paid in cash, the issuance of 56,850 unregistered shares of common stock with a fair market value of $958,000, and $3.0 million of guaranteed payments to be made no later than September 2009. The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $7.8 million to goodwill,

·       $100,000 to contract rights (ten-month amortization) and

·       $1.1 million to net current assets and property and equipment.

The Company made guaranteed purchase price payments totaling $1.0 million in September and October 2005 and will make guaranteed purchase price payments of $2.0 million over the period beginning September 2006 and ending no later than September 2009.  If specified performance targets are achieved through July 2009, the Company will make additional payments of up to $2.7 million over the same period. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met. As the result of achieving specified performance targets during the 12-month period ended July 2005, the Company recognized $87,000 of goodwill. In addition, if specified performance targets are met during the 12-month periods ending July 2006 and July 2007, the Company will make bonus compensation payments of $200,000 in each of September 2006 and September 2007.

In March 2004, the Company acquired the business of Economic Analysis, LLC (“EA”), a company providing expert services involving complex business litigation and regulatory matters. The purchase price was comprised of $15.4 million paid in cash, and the issuance of 50,891 unregistered shares of common stock with a fair market value of $1.0 million. The purchase price was allocated as follows:

·       $15.0 million to goodwill,

·       $900,000 to contract rights (12-month amortization) and

·       $500,000 to property and equipment and other assets.

As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, the Company recognized approximately $4.3 million of additional goodwill, of which $2.5 million was paid in March 2005 and approximately $1.8 million was paid in March 2006. In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved in 2006, the Company will make an additional payment of up to $2.6 million in March 2007, and additional payments of up to $2.0 million by no later than March 2009 if certain higher performance targets are met by December 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years, if the performance targets are met.

In March 2004, the Company acquired the business of Low Rosen Taylor Soriano (“LRTS”), an expert services firm located in Toronto, Canada, providing expert services in the areas of business valuation and damages quantification. The purchase price was $3.9 million paid in cash, and allocated as follows:

·       $3.5 million to goodwill,

·       $145,000 to contract rights (12-month amortization) and

·       $312,000 to property and equipment and other assets, net of liabilities assumed.

61




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, the Company recorded additional goodwill of approximately $2.4 million, of which $1.0 million was paid in February 2005 and $1.4 million was paid in February 2006. In addition, if specified performance targets are achieved through February 2008, the Company will make additional payments of up to $2.1 million through April 2008. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years, if the performance targets are met.

In August 2003, the Company acquired the business of the Center for Forensic Economic Studies (“CFES”). The purchase price was $2.4 million paid in cash, and allocated as follows:

·       $1.7 million was allocated to goodwill,

·       $600,000 to contract rights (18-month amortization),

·       $96,000 to property and equipment,

·       $100,000 was allocated to rights to license software under development for which amortization will begin when the software is available for general release to customers.

As a result of achieving certain performance targets for the periods ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company recognized $5.2 million of additional goodwill, of which $1.7 million was paid in August 2004 , $1.7 million was paid in August 2005 and $1.8 million will be paid in August 2006. In addition, if specified performance targets met in 2006, the Company will make an additional payments of up to $1.9 million by August 2007. Additional goodwill will be recorded in subsequent years if these performance targets are met.

In connection with the CFES acquisition, the Company also agreed to make annual cash payments of $520,000 to $580,000 in 2004 through 2007 based upon achievement of certain revenue and earnings targets, subject to continued employment of the four experts. As a result of achieving certain performance targets in 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company recognized $217,000, $529,000 and $548,000 of bonus compensation expense, of which $520,000 was paid in August 2004, $540,000 was paid in August 2005 and the remainder will be paid in August 2006. In addition, in connection with the CFES acquisition, the Company also issued 140,625 restricted shares (valued at a fair market value of $14.40 per share) that vest over five years, subject to continued employment of the four experts. The Company recorded equity-based compensation of $169,000, $405,000 and $405,000 in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively, related to these restricted shares. The Company will continue to record compensation expense related to these restricted shares in future years based upon continued employment of the individuals.

62




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table represents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (see Note 2):

 

 

2004

 

2005

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

23,976

 

$

57,947

 

Goodwill recognized in connection with acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

Bates

 

 

6,960

 

Neilson

 

 

3,135

 

Cook

 

 

1,559

 

Lancaster

 

 

1,462

 

Beach

 

 

447

 

EA

 

15,037

 

 

LRTS

 

3,468

 

 

SVEWG

 

7,811

 

 

WAG

 

940

 

 

CFES

 

 

 

Total purchase additions

 

27,256

 

13,563

 

Goodwill recognized in connection with performance-based component of acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

EA

 

2,369

 

1,897

 

CFES

 

3,392

 

1,792

 

LRTS

 

998

 

1,388

 

Bates

 

 

1,248

 

SVEWG

 

 

87

 

Neilson

 

 

110

 

Total performance-based additions

 

6,759

 

6,522

 

Goodwill write-off

 

 

(1,063

)

Other(1)

 

(44

)

164

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

57,947

 

$

77,133

 


(1)          Other represent the finalization of initial estimates related to transaction costs and to certain assumed liabilities.

4.   Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2004

 

2005

 

Computer equipment

 

$

5,740

 

$

6,765

 

Furniture, fixtures and other equipment

 

5,398

 

7,023

 

Software

 

2,985

 

4,196

 

Leasehold improvements

 

2,797

 

5,917

 

Total

 

16,920

 

23,901

 

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(10,427

)

(13,110

)

Total property and equipment, net

 

$

6,493

 

$

10,791

 

 

63




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

5.   Borrowing Arrangements

As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s revolving credit facility provides for maximum borrowings of $50.0 million, of which $10.0 million is available for letters of credit. Borrowings and letters of credit under this facility are limited to 80% of eligible receivables. Loan acquisition fees and related costs of $407,000 were paid in 2005 to increase the borrowing limits under the amended revolving credit facility and will be amortized through May 31, 2008, the date the credit facility expires. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had no outstanding borrowings on this facility and letters of credit outstanding in the amount of $1.6 million. The rate in effect for the revolving credit facility at December 31, 2005 was 7.25%.

Borrowings under the revolving credit facility are collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company. Interest is due quarterly at the banks’ Base Rates or LIBOR, plus an Applicable Margin, as defined and the revolving credit facility contains certain restrictive covenants including the maintenance of minimum financial ratios, levels of earnings and restrictions related to levels of capital expenditures, acquisitions and distributions to stockholders. The Company was in compliance with these covenants in 2005.

In 2003, the Company had $15,500,000 of outstanding borrowings on its term loan, which it repaid in December 2003. As a consequence, $412,000 of unamortized loan fees was recognized as interest expense in 2003.

6.   Redeemable Class A Preferred Units

Redemption of preferred units

In 2000, the Company sold investment units, each consisting of a combination of Redeemable Class A Preferred (“Preferred”) and Common units of ownership interest at a ratio of 326.1 Common units for each unit of Preferred. In total, the Company realized related proceeds of $31,102,873 (net of $805,229 of equity issuance costs) and issued 31,797 Preferred and 10,370,128 Common units. In November 2003, following the Company’s initial public offering and in accordance with the redemption terms of the Preferred units, the Company paid $40,712,619 to Preferred unitholders to redeem all of the outstanding and accrued Preferred units. As a consequence of redeeming the Preferred units in 2003, the Company recognized the remaining amount of accretion associated with the Preferred units and reduced net income attributed to shareholders by $4.0 million.

Distributions to unitholders

The Company also paid $11,123,723 in 2003 of previously taxed income (“PTI”) of LECG Holdings LLC to common unitholders of record on November 13, 2003. The final PTI distribution of approximately $3.0 million was paid in 2004, as well as an additional $1.3 million for estimated taxes of the LLC for the period from January 1 to November 13, 2003.

7.   Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In November 2003, the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) under which eligible United States and New Zealand employees may purchase newly issued shares of common stock of the Company at 85% of the lower of the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the first and last day of the six-month offering periods, which end in April and October. Employees pay for their shares of common stock through payroll deductions at a rate equal to any whole percentage from 1% to 15% of

64




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

their gross wages. There were 63,112 common shares issued under the ESPP in April 2005 at a weighted average price of $14.64 per share and 77,662 common shares issued in October 2005 at a weighted average price of $14.75 per share.

The Board of Directors authorized 950,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the ESPP, which also provides for annual increases in the number of shares available for issuance on the first day of each fiscal year, equal to the lesser of: (1) 1.5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on the first day of the fiscal year; (2) 500,000 shares; or (3) a lesser amount as determined by the board of directors. The Board of Directors determined not to provide for this annual increase in the ESPP for fiscal 2005.

8.   Equity-based compensation expense

The Company records equity-based compensation related to certain non-qualified stock options and certain restricted shares of common stock, both of which have vesting criteria based on time, performance or both, as well as common shares issued in exchange for non-recourse notes. Equity-based compensation expense was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Options:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employees-time and performance vesting

 

$

315

 

$

(66

)

$

136

 

Employees-accelerated vesting

 

585

 

 

 

Non-employees-time and performance vesting

 

25

 

(5

)

 

Restricted common shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employees-time and performance vesting

 

242

 

459

 

405

 

Non-employees-time and performance vesting

 

5

 

 

 

Common shares issued in exchange for non-recourse notes

 

582

 

(384

)

 

Total equity based compensation expense

 

$

1,754

 

$

4

 

$

541

 

 

2000 Incentive Plan

The Company’s 2000 Incentive Plan was replaced by the 2003 Stock Option Plan in November 2003 following the completion of the Company’s initial public offering. Under the 2000 Incentive Plan, options to purchase common stock were granted to employee and non-employee. Compensation cost related to options subject to vesting over time granted to employees is measured as the excess, if any, of the fair value of the underlying stock at the date of grant over the exercise price, and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Compensation cost related to options subject to performance vesting granted to employees is subject to variable plan accounting. Compensation cost for employee grants was $315,000 and $136,000 for 2003 and 2005, respectively, and compensation income of $66,000 in 2004.

Compensation cost related to option grants to non-employees is measured based upon the fair value as determined by the Black-Scholes option pricing model (using the assumptions in the table at the end of this Note), and is amortized on a graded-vesting basis over the vesting period. Compensation cost related to non-employee grants was $25,000 and $0 for 2003 and 2005, respectively, and compensation income of $5,000 was recognized for 2004. The awards are treated as nonqualified stock options and are generally granted with 10-year terms and four to eight year vesting periods.

65




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

In December 2003, the vesting for 937,500 options issued in October 2001 to two officer directors was accelerated, in accordance with the terms of their option agreements. As a result of the acceleration, the Company recognized equity-based compensation of $585,052.

2003 Stock Option Plan

The Company has a 2003 Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”), under which options may be granted to employees and non-employee experts to purchase, in the aggregate, up to 2,500,000 common shares. The Stock Option Plan provides for increases in the number of options available for issuance on the first day of each year beginning with fiscal year 2004, equal to the lesser of:

·       4% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the first day of the fiscal year;

·       1,250,000 shares; or

·       a lesser amount as may be determined by the Board of Directors.

The Board of Directors approved additional shares to the Stock Option Plan of 897,000 effective January 1, 2004 and 968,000 effective January 1, 2006.

The Company had the following option activity:

 

 

Options

 

Weighted
average
exercise price

 

Outstanding at January 1, 2003

 

3,920,323

 

 

$

6.53

 

 

Granted in 2003:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted with exercise price greater than fair market value (weighted average fair value of $8.40 per share)

 

879,548

 

 

$

15.97

 

 

Granted with exercise price equal to fair market value (weighted average fair value of $13.23 per share)

 

9,375

 

 

$

20.66

 

 

Canceled

 

(70,425

)

 

$

9.08

 

 

Exercised

 

(154,350

)

 

$

3.07

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2003

 

4,584,471

 

 

$

8.44

 

 

Granted in 2004:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted with exercise price greater than fair market value (weighted average fair value of $10.61 per share)

 

1,500,000

 

 

$

21.85

 

 

Granted with exercise price equal to fair market value (weighted average fair value of $10.16 per share)

 

831,865

 

 

$

18.30

 

 

Canceled

 

(39,076

)

 

$

6.10

 

 

Exercised

 

(626,109

)

 

$

4.44

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2004

 

6,251,151

 

 

$

13.39

 

 

Granted in 2005:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted with exercise price equal to fair market value (weighted average fair value of $9.70 per share)

 

761,406

 

 

$

20.82

 

 

Canceled

 

(252,189

)

 

$

16.94

 

 

Exercised

 

(1,145,606

)

 

$

7.99

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2005

 

5,614,762

 

 

$

15.33

 

 

 

There were 447,582 options available for future grants at December 31, 2005.

66




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table summarizes information as of December 31, 2005 concerning currently outstanding and exercisable options:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options Exercisable

 

Options Exercisable

 

Range of Exercise Prices

 

Number
Outstanding

 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining
Contractual
Life

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Number
Exercisable 
As of
12/31/2005

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

$ 0.01

 

to

 

$

3.07

 

 

531,469

 

 

 

5.14

 

 

 

$

2.90

 

 

 

530,729

 

 

 

$

2.90

 

 

$ 5.33

 

to

 

$

5.33

 

 

937,500

 

 

 

5.83

 

 

 

$

5.33

 

 

 

937,500

 

 

 

$

5.33

 

 

$ 8.00

 

to

 

$

15.97

 

 

309,352

 

 

 

7.58

 

 

 

$

13.03

 

 

 

166,604

 

 

 

$

11.41

 

 

$16.00

 

to

 

$

16.00

 

 

1,080,793

 

 

 

7.27

 

 

 

$

16.00

 

 

 

691,768

 

 

 

$

16.00

 

 

$16.03

 

to

 

$

20.71

 

 

862,883

 

 

 

8.99

 

 

 

$

19.20

 

 

 

91,130

 

 

 

$

18.18

 

 

$21.85

 

to

 

$

21.85

 

 

1,500,000

 

 

 

8.35

 

 

 

$

21.85

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$22.04

 

to

 

$

24.99

 

 

392,765

 

 

 

9.29

 

 

 

$

22.55

 

 

 

34,742

 

 

 

$

23.80

 

 

$ 0.01

 

to

 

$

24.99

 

 

5,614,762

 

 

 

7.54

 

 

 

$

15.33

 

 

 

2,452,473

 

 

 

$

8.97

 

 

 

There were 2,970,195 and 2,993,015 options exercisable with weighted average exercise prices of $5.46 and $7.36 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

Restricted common shares

In August 2003, the Company issued 140,625 restricted shares, at a fair value of $14.40 per share, in connection with its acquisition of CFES (see Note 3). These shares cliff-vest at a rate of 80% on August 1, 2007 and 20% on August 1, 2008.

Restricted common shares issued to employees are subject to fixed plan accounting. The Company recognizes equity compensation on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the shares. The Company recognized  $242,000, $459,000 and $405,000 in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

The Company had the following restricted common share activity:

Outstanding restricted shares at January 1, 2003

 

308,747

 

Issued at $14.40 per share

 

140,625

 

Shares for which the restrictions lapsed

 

(152,556

)

Repurchased at $0.01 per share

 

(1,874

)

Outstanding at December 31, 2003

 

294,942

 

Repurchased at $0.01 per share

 

(9,375

)

Outstanding at December 31, 2004

 

285,567

 

Shares for which the restrictions lapsed

 

(144,942

)

Outstanding at December 31, 2005 (no shares vested)

 

140,625

 

 

Receivables from stockholders

In 2002, a stockholder borrowed $280,000 on a non-recourse basis in order to purchase restricted common shares. The note was repaid in May 2004. The non-recourse nature of these notes resulted in equity compensation subject to variable plan accounting throughout the period that the notes were outstanding. Associated with the non-recourse note, the Company incurred $582,000 of equity compensation in 2003, and equity compensation income of $383,000 in 2004.

67




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

SFAS 123 Assumptions

The following weighted average assumptions are used in conjunction with the Black-Scholes method to determine compensation expense for options and restricted shares issued to non-employees and for the pro forma effect of applying FAS 123 to measure compensation expense for options and restricted shares issued to employees:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Dividend yield

 

None

 

None

 

None

 

Volatility

 

70.0

%

44.0

%

40.0

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

2.8

%

4.3

%

4.2

%

Expected term, in years

 

5.0

 

7.0

 

7.0

 

 

9.   Commitments and contingencies

Legal proceedings

In June 2004, National Economic Research Associates, Inc. (NERA) and its parent company, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. (“MMC”) filed a complaint against LECG and one of its experts. This action arises out of LECG’s hiring of a professional in March 2004 who was formerly employed by NERA. The complaint alleges that during and after his employment with NERA, this expert violated contractual commitments and fiduciary duties to NERA. The complaint further alleges that LECG interfered with NERA’s contractual relations and advantageous business relationships, misappropriated confidential business information and goodwill, and engaged in unfair and deceptive trade practices. The complaint asks for unspecified damages and disgorgement of wrongful gain, invalidation of an indemnification agreement provided to this expert by LECG and contains a demand for a jury trial.

In August 2004, the Company served a motion to dismiss the breach of contract, tortious interference with contractual relations and the unfair and deceptive trade practices counts, which motion has been denied. The Company has filed an answer to the complaint denying the substantive allegations of the complaint. The parties have served discovery requests, including interrogatories and document requests and discovery is ongoing. However, the Company is not able to determine the outcome or resolution of the complaint, or to estimate the amount or potential range of loss with respect to this complaint.

On September 29, 2000, the Company executed an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Navigant Consulting, Inc. (“Navigant”). Navigant claims that the Company is contingently liable for certain additional purchase price amounts. This contingent amount was measured at September 29, 2001 and equaled the excess of $5,000,000 over the sum of (i) certain Excluded Expert Fees, as defined and (ii) the aggregate of each individual value amount assigned to specific LECG personnel, to the extent such individuals who did not have an employment, consulting, contracting or other relationship with the Company, leave the Company before September 29, 2001. Based on the actual number of such individuals who did not have such a relationship with the Company on September 29, 2001, management believes that Navigant’s assertion is without merit. Amounts paid, if any, would increase the purchase price and result in additional goodwill.

The Company is also a party to certain legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business, the outcomes of which individually or in the aggregate, in the opinion of the Company’s management, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position or results of operations.

68




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Business acquisitions and expert hires

The Company has made commitments in connection with its acquisitions and certain expert agreements that will require the Company to make additional payments and bonus compensation payments if specified performance targets are met. See Note 3 for commitments and contingencies related to the acquisitions of Beach, Lancaster, Neilson, Bates WAG, SVEWG, EA, LRTS and CFES. In connection with the hiring of certain experts and professional staff in March 2004, we will pay performance bonuses of $5.7 million in March 2006 as specified performance targets were achieved in 2005, and we have agreed to pay performance bonuses of up to $5.7 million in March 2007 if specified performance targets are achieved in 2006. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the $5.7 million performance due in March 2007 will be paid. All such bonus payments are subject to amortization from the time the bonus is earned through March 2011.

Leases

The Company leases its office facilities and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease arrangements expiring on various dates through 2019. Such leases include fixed or minimum payments plus, in some cases, free rent periods and scheduled base rent increases over the term of the lease, as well as additional rents based on the Consumer Price Index. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain leases provide for monthly payments of real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses applicable to the property. Certain leases include landlord incentives for leasehold improvements. These incentives are recorded as deferred rent and amortized as reductions to rent expense over the lease term. Future minimum annual lease payments under long-term operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Minimum 
Operating 
Lease 
Commitments

 

Sublease 
income

 

Net 
Operating 
Lease 
Commitments

 

Year ending December 31,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

 

 

$

13,697

 

 

$

(1,220

)

 

$

12,477

 

 

2007

 

 

12,748

 

 

(925

)

 

11,823

 

 

2008

 

 

11,380

 

 

(576

)

 

10,804

 

 

2009

 

 

10,502

 

 

(460

)

 

10,042

 

 

2010

 

 

8,847

 

 

(229

)

 

8,618

 

 

Thereafter

 

 

12,694

 

 

 

 

 

12,694

 

 

Total

 

 

$

69,868

 

 

($3,410

)

 

$

66,458

 

 

 

Rent expense net of sublease income, was $7.4 million, $9.3 million and $11.4 million for 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

69




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

10.   Income taxes

In connection with its initial public offering on November 13, 2003, the Company converted from a limited liability company to a C corporation and established beginning balances in its deferred tax assets and liabilities in accordance with SFAS No. 109 Accounting For Income Taxes. Accordingly, the Company recognized a tax benefit in 2003 of $10.1 million, offset by $500,000 of provision for foreign income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2003.

U.S and international components of income before income taxes for the period following the Company’s  conversion to a C corporation on November 13, 2003 through December 31, 2003 and for the years ended  December 31, 2004 and 2005 are as follows:

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

U.S.

 

$

2,232

 

$

27,706

 

$

32,574

 

International

 

766

 

1,272

 

5,352

 

 

 

$

2,998

 

$

28,978

 

$

37,926

 

 

Components of the Company’s income tax benefit and provision for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 are as follows:

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

 

$

231

 

$

9,927

 

State

 

 

186

 

3,238

 

Foreign

 

482

 

741

 

2,050

 

Total current

 

482

 

1,158

 

15,215

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

(8,033

)

8,404

 

389

 

State

 

(2,050

)

2,329

 

(84

)

Foreign

 

(12

)

(17

)

30

 

Total deferred

 

(10,095

)

10,716

 

335

 

Income tax provision (benefit)

 

$

(9,613

)

$

11,874

 

$

15,550

 

 

70




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:

 

 

Year ended December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Tax at U.S. statutory rate

 

35.0

%

35.0

%

35.0

%

Portion of LECG LLC earnings not subject to U.S. statutory rate

 

(29.6

)

 

 

State income taxes

 

1.2

 

5.7

 

5.4

 

Foreign earnings

 

2.1

 

0.5

 

(0.2

)

Valuation allowance on foreign losses

 

 

 

0.7

 

Benefit from conversion from a nontaxable limited liability

 

(65.1

)

 

 

Other

 

 

(0.2

)

0.1

 

 

 

(56.4

)%

41.0

%

41.0

%

 

Components of deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

Deferred Tax Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation and other

 

$

5,669

 

$

5,758

 

$

10,168

 

Net Operating Losses

 

3,612

 

2,837

 

340

 

Equity-based compensation

 

4,340

 

1,561

 

1,086

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

478

 

 

 

State Taxes

 

 

8

 

 

Foreign tax credit

 

90

 

925

 

496

 

Total deferred tax asset

 

14,189

 

11,089

 

12,090

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

State Taxes

 

(718

)

 

(21

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(402

)

(1,036

)

Prepaid expenses

 

(3,376

)

(9,597

)

(9,937

)

Total deferred tax liability

 

(4,094

)

(9,999

)

(10,994

)

Valuation allowance on foreign net operating losses

 

 

 

(340

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

10,095

 

$

1,090

 

$

756

 

 

The Company has not provided a valuation allowance on its U.S. deferred tax assets as it believes their realization is more likely than not. This determination is based upon the expected timing of when the deferred tax assets will be realizable and the expectation that future operations will be sufficiently profitable to fully utilize the deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had foreign net operating losses of approximately $1.1 million, which expire in various years, and for which the Company has provided a full valuation allowance due to the uncertainty that these net operating loss carryforwards will eventually be utilized. The Company has foreign tax credits of approximately $496,000, which begin to expire in 2014.

The Company is entitled to a deduction for federal and state income taxes when non-qualified stock options are exercised and stock purchased through the its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) is sold prior to the end of the required holding period. The Company recognized a total benefit from option

71




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

exercises and disqualifying dispositions from its ESPP of $3.2 million and $6.0 million in 2004 and 2005, respectively. The Company recognized a reduction of $1.1 million in 2004 and $1.0 million in 2005 to previously established deferred tax assets as a consequence of options exercised and an increase to additional paid in capital of $2.1 million in 2004 and $5.0 million in 2005 as a consequence of both option exercises and disqualifying dispositions from the ESPP.

11.   Retirement plans

The Company has a 401(k) Plan under which all employees are immediately eligible. Company matching contributions are at the discretion of management. The Company contributed $768,000, $952,000 and $1.1 million to the 401(k) Plan for 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively.

In March 2004, the Company adopted a deferred compensation plan under which highly compensated employees are eligible to defer up to 15% of their bonuses, salary, expert fees and project origination fees and qualifying stock option gains. The cash compensation deferred under this plan is credited with earnings or losses measured by the mirrored rate of return on investments elected by plan participants. The qualifying stock option gains deferred under this plan are credited or debited based on changes in an LECG stock measurement fund. Each plan participant is fully vested in all compensation deferred under the plan and the earnings credited to his or her account, other than signing and performance bonuses and other employer contributions subject to vesting. Signing and performance bonuses and other employer contributions deferred under the plan vest ratably over a specified forfeiture period. Employee deferrals are invested by the Company through a trust. As of December 31, 2005, included in long-term assets is $6.4 million relating to Company owned investments associated with the deferred compensation plan, and the liability recorded under the deferred compensation plan is $6.6 million.

12.   Related party transactions

The Company entered into agreements on September 29, 2000 with two officer directors entitling them to $750,000, in the aggregate, of compensation related to services rendered in connection with our management buyout. Such amount was earned and was not contingent on continued employment with LECG. Accordingly, $750,000 was expensed in the fiscal period ended December 31, 2000. Such amount was not payable until permitted under the Company’s credit facility and until the Company had achieved operating cash flows (defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) of at least $20 million in any fiscal year. The amount due was subordinate to any amounts owed to any senior or secondary lenders and accrued interest at the rate of 10% per annum until paid. The amount due including interest due to the executives at December 31, 2003 was $993,750 and was included in current liabilities. In February 2004, the Company paid Dr. Teece and Mr. Kaplan $669,109 and $334,555, respectively, to satisfy this obligation.

72




LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The Company entered into expert agreements with David J. Teece, Chairman of the Board, and David P. Kaplan, President and director, Walter H.A. Vandaele, a director, and David Scheffman, a director through February 9, 2005. Pursuant to such agreements, each individual provides expert services on the Company’s behalf in consideration for cash payments. The following payments were made to these individuals during the three years ended December 31, 2005:

 

 

For the year ended December 31,

 

 

Name

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

 

David J. Teece

 

$1,800,385

 

$2,788,000

 

$2,628,258

 

 

David P. Kaplan(2)

 

$2,211,336

 

$1,592,780

 

$2,152,838

 

 

Walter H.A. Vandaele

 

$1,647,026

 

$1,315,096

 

$1,734,461

 

 

David S. Scheffman(1)

 

$191,308

 

$1,096,975

 

 

 


(1) Resigned from the Company’s Board on February 9, 2005.

(2) Resigned as President and member of the Board on February 22, 2006.

The Company paid a signing bonus to David Scheffman of $500,000 in each of 2003 and 2004. Dr. Scheffman’s signing bonus is subject to amortization over the period ending August 2007.

73




LECG CORPORATION
FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY QUARTER
(UNAUDITED)

The following table sets forth selected unaudited quarterly operating information for each of the eight quarters during the period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2005. Results for any fiscal quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or for any future quarter.

 

 

Quarter Ended

 

 

 

March 31

 

June 30

 

September 30

 

December 31

 

 

 

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Fiscal year 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

 

$

69,721

 

 

$

72,541

 

 

$

71,366

 

 

 

$

73,028

 

 

Gross profit

 

 

23,645

 

 

23,764

 

 

24,174

 

 

 

26,831

 

 

Operating income

 

 

8,979

 

 

9,616

 

 

9,133

 

 

 

9,750

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

 

9,088

 

 

9,875

 

 

9,120

 

 

 

9,843

 

 

Net income

 

 

5,353

 

 

5,816

 

 

5,400

 

 

 

5,807

 

 

Net income per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

0.24

 

 

0.25

 

 

0.23

 

 

 

0.24

 

 

Diluted

 

 

0.22

 

 

0.24

 

 

0.22

 

 

 

0.23

 

 

Fiscal year 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

 

$

43,110

 

 

$

53,671

 

 

$

56,066

 

 

 

$

63,708

 

 

Gross profit

 

 

14,784

 

 

17,949

 

 

19,066

 

 

 

21,041

 

 

Operating income

 

 

5,436

 

 

6,883

 

 

7,797

 

 

 

8,736

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

 

5,453

 

 

6,873

 

 

7,832

 

 

 

8,820

 

 

Net income

 

 

3,251

 

 

4,070

 

 

4,653

 

 

 

5,130

 

 

Net income per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

0.15

 

 

0.19

 

 

0.21

 

 

 

0.23

 

 

Diluted

 

 

0.14

 

 

0.17

 

 

0.20

 

 

 

0.22

 

 

 

ITEM 9.              CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.        CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chairman of the Board and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Disclosure controls are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Form 10-K, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chairman of the Board and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms,  and that material information relating to LECG and its consolidated subsidiaries is made known to management, including our Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, particularly during the period when our periodic reports are being prepared.

74




Changes in internal controls over financial reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of LECG is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. LECG’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

An internal control system over financial reporting has inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The management of LECG assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005. Management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included evaluation of such elements as the design and operating effectiveness of key financial reporting controls, process documentation, accounting policies, and our overall control environment. This assessment is supported by testing and monitoring performed by members of our Accounting, Finance and Information Services organizations, assisted by outside consulting services specializing in internal control testing. Based on management’s assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005.

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, audited management’s assessment and independently assessed the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Deloitte & Touche has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, which is included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

/s/ DAVID J. TEECE

 

/s/ JOHN C. BURKE

David J. Teece

 

John C. Burke

Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

Chief Financial Officer

March 10, 2006

 

March 10, 2006

 

ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION

None.

75




PART III

ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The following table sets forth our directors and executive officers. The table also sets forth their ages as of December 31, 2005.

Name

 

 

 

Age

 

Position

David J. Teece

 

57

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors

David P. Kaplan

 

50

 

President and Director(4)

John C. Burke

 

67

 

Chief Financial Officer

Gary S. Yellin

 

54

 

Chief Accounting Officer

J. Geoffrey Colton

 

58

 

Director of Finance and Assistant Secretary

Marvin A. Tenenbaum

 

54

 

Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Tina M. Bussone

 

33

 

Director of Administration

Michael R. Gaulke

 

60

 

Director(1),(2)

Michael R. Jeffery

 

58

 

Director(1),(2),(3)

William W. Liebeck

 

51

 

Director(2),(3)

Ruth M. Richardson

 

54

 

Director(1),(2),(3)

William J. Spencer

 

75

 

Director(1)(2)

Walter H.A. Vandaele

 

60

 

Director


(1)          Member of the Audit Committee.

(2)          Member of the Compensation Committee.

(3)          Member of the Corporate Governance Committee.

(4)          Resigned as President and Director effective February 22, 2006.

David J. Teece co-founded our business in 1988. He has served as our Chairman of the Board of Directors from the date of the management buyout of our business in September 2000. Dr. Teece served as the Chairman of LECG, Inc., our predecessor company, from its founding until it was acquired by Navigant Consulting, Inc. in August 1998. Dr. Teece has performed economic, business and financial consulting services in the capacity of an expert for our firm since the inception of our business, and he has been an economic, business and financial consultant for 30 years. Since 1982, Dr. Teece has been a Professor of Business Administration at the Haas School of Business at the University of California at Berkeley, where since 1994 he has directed the Institute of Management, Innovation and Organization. Dr. Teece’s position at the University of California is part-time. Dr. Teece has had teaching and research positions at Stanford University and Oxford University. He has authored over 150 publications in economics, business and technology strategy and has testified before Congress and government agencies on regulatory policy and competition policy. Dr. Teece has a PhD in Economics from the University of Pennsylvania. He also serves on the board of directors of the Atlas Family of Mutual Funds, the Atlas Insurance Trusts, Canterbury Ltd. and several other private entities.

David P. Kaplan has served as our President and a member of the board of directors from  September 2000 to February 2006. From August 1998 to August 2000, Mr. Kaplan was employed by Navigant Consulting/LECG performing economic, business and financial consulting services. From 1985 to 1998, Mr. Kaplan was president of Capital Economics, an economic consulting firm he helped establish. Mr. Kaplan specializes in antitrust economics, including the analysis of numerous mergers, damage assessment in intellectual property matters, including, for example, those involving patents and trade secrets, and the analysis of damage issues related to general commercial litigation. He also is experienced in analyzing economic issues in matters involving possible class certification. Mr. Kaplan has testified as an economic expert in federal and state courts, before arbitration panels and before regulatory agencies including the Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission and the International Trade

76




Commission. Mr. Kaplan also has testified before Congress on antitrust and competitive policy issues. Mr. Kaplan has served as a consultant to the Federal Trade Commission (Bureau of Economics), the Department of Justice and the Senate Judiciary Committee. He has published in the field of economics and teaches in the MBA program at Johns Hopkins University. He also has served as a Lecturer in Economics at George Mason University. Mr. Kaplan has a BA and MA in Economics from The George Washington University and a JD from The George Washington University National Law Center. In February 2006, Mr. Kaplan resigned his position of president of LECG and Board member. In addition to his expert consulting with us, Mr. Kaplan will assume an executive director role in which he will assist our Chairman, Dr. Teece, on matters of expert recruiting, business acquisitions, and conflict review.

John C. Burke has served as our Chief Financial Officer since January 2003. Prior to joining us, Mr. Burke served as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Braun Consulting Inc. for approximately six years. Prior to his service at Braun Consulting, Mr. Burke served as a member of senior management of the public accounting firm of Grant Thornton LLP for twenty years holding the positions of Chairman of the firm for three years and Chicago Area Managing Partner for seven years. He is a Certified Public Accountant and has a BS in Accounting from the University of Notre Dame.

Gary S. Yellin has served as our Chief Accounting Officer since January 2003. Prior to joining us as an employee, Mr. Yellin consulted to us in a management capacity overseeing our accounting and financial reporting function from January 2001 through December 2002. Mr. Yellin performed similar duties in a consulting capacity for companies beginning in October 1997 through April 2002, as well as provided expert consulting on securities litigation matters and purchase price disputes from May 1999 through August 2002 with the law firm of Morrison Foerster, LLP. He is a Certified Public Accountant and has a BA in Mathematics from the State University of New York at Binghamton  and an MBA from California State University at Hayward.

J. Geoffrey Colton has served as our Director of Finance and Assistant Secretary since February 2003 and served as our Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Secretary from June 2000 until January 2003. Prior to joining us, Mr. Colton served as Chief Financial Officer of T.Y. Lin International from April 1998 until March 2000. Mr. Colton also served as the Vice President of Finance for Kleinfelder, Inc. from October 1987 until March 1998. He has a BA in Political Science from San Francisco State University and an MBA from Golden Gate University.

Marvin A. Tenenbaum has served as our Secretary since February 2003 and our General Counsel and Vice President since January 2001. Prior to joining us, Mr. Tenenbaum was of counsel at the law firm of Sachnoff & Weaver from March 2000 to January 2001. From August 1998 until January 2000, Mr. Tenenbaum was the General Counsel of Operations at Navigant Consulting, Inc. and from October 1993 until August 1998, he was the General Counsel at Peterson Consulting LLC. Mr. Tenenbaum has a BA in Economics and a JD from Northwestern University.

Tina M. Bussone has been with us since August 1998 and served as our Director of Administration since April 2003. Prior to joining us in August 1998, Ms. Bussone worked for a law firm in Washington, D.C. Ms. Bussone has a BS in Russian Area Studies from Georgetown University and a MBA from George Washington University.

Michael R. Gaulke has served on our board of directors since June 2003. Since June 1996, Mr. Gaulke has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of Exponent, Inc. (formerly known as Failure Analysis Associates), a publicly traded consulting firm of engineers and scientists which is best known in the litigation support marketplace for its expertise in products liability matters and for investigating accidents and engineering failures. Mr. Gaulke has also served on the board of directors of Exponent, Inc. since 1994. Mr. Gaulke is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Palo Alto Medical Foundation and a director of Cymer, Inc. He has a BS in Electrical Engineering from Oregon State University and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.

77




Michael R. Jeffery has served on our board of directors since June 2003. Mr. Jeffery was the Treasurer and Head of the Markets Division for the Western Hemisphere and a member of the senior executive committee of Standard Chartered Bank from 1994 until 2001. Prior to his service at Standard Chartered Bank, Mr. Jeffery held senior executive financial and board of directors positions with Nikko Bank, Scandinavian Bank Group, and Finacorp SA New York. He has extensive, global experience in business and financial management, trading, sales and administration, including past service on the board of directors of Banque Scandinave en Suisse, the Private Capital Group, Banco Scandinavian Sul America and Scandinavian Pacific Limited.

William W. Liebeck has served on our board of directors since September 2000. Mr. Liebeck was a partner of Thoma Cressey Equity Partners, Inc., a private equity investment firm, from June 1997 to February 2005. From June 1990 to July 1996, Mr. Liebeck was a partner at the private equity firm of Equivest Partners, Inc. Prior to that, he was a partner at Golder Thoma & Co., also a private equity firm. Mr. Liebeck currently serves as a director of several private companies. He has a BA in Economics from the University of California at Berkeley and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.

Ruth M. Richardson has served on our board of directors since September 2003. The Honourable Ruth Richardson has been an international strategic and economic policy consultant since 1994. From 1990 to 1993, Miss Richardson served as New Zealand’s Minister of Finance. Miss Richardson was a member of the New Zealand Parliament from 1981 to 1994. She currently serves as a chairman and director of several private companies who undertake business on a global scale, is a director of Oyster Bay Marlborough Vineyards Ltd, a publicly listed company in New Zealand and is a former director of the Bank of New Zealand. She has extensive, global experience in business and financial management, corporate governance, privatizations and public sector and social policy reforms. She has lectured widely and has advised governments and governmental agencies throughout the world.

William J. Spencer has served on our board of directors since November 2002. He has been Chairman Emeritus of the International SEMATECH, a consortium of twelve semiconductor manufacturing companies from seven countries, since November 2000. From October 1997 to October 2000, Dr. Spencer was Chairman of the Board of SEMATECH. He also served as President and Chief Executive Officer of SEMATECH from November 1990 to October 1997. Dr. Spencer is a director of Capital Group ICA, a privately held corporation, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and serves on many advisory groups. Dr. Spencer held teaching positions at the University of California at Berkeley and the University of New Mexico. During 1997 and 1998, he was a member of the board of directors of LECG, Inc. prior to its acquisition by Navigant Consulting. Dr. Spencer has an MS in Mathematics and a PhD in Physics from Kansas State University.

Walter H.A. Vandaele has served on our board of directors since June 2001 and has been an expert with our company since November 2000. From August 1998 to October 2000, Dr. Vandaele was a Senior Vice President of PHB Hagler Bailly, Inc., a subsidiary of Hagler Bailly, Inc. Dr. Vandaele also performed economic, business and financial consulting services at Putnam, Hayes & Bartlett, Inc. from June 1988 to August 1998. He has a Licentiaat in the Handels-en Financiële Wetenschappen from the University of Antwerp (University Faculties Saint Ignatius) (Belgium), a Doctorandus in Economics, University of Tilburg (the Netherlands) and a PhD and an MBA from the Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our board of directors currently consists of seven director positions as of March 10, 2006. There are no family relationships among any of our directors and executive officers.

78




AUDIT COMMITTEE

Our Audit Committee consists of Michael R. Gaulke, its Chairman, Michael R. Jeffery, Ruth M. Richardson and William J. Spencer. The Audit Committee reviews and monitors our financial statements and internal accounting procedures, selects independent accountants and consults with and reviews the services provided by our independent accountants. The Audit Committee works closely with management as well as LECG’s independent auditors. The Audit Committee has the authority to obtain advice and assistance from, and receive appropriate funding from LECG for outside legal, accounting or other advisors as the Audit Committee deems necessary to carry out its duties. The Audit Committee’s financial expert is its chairman, Michael R. Gaulke. Mr. Gaulke is an independent director, as that term is used in Item 7(d)(2)(ii)(D) of Schedule 14A of the Exchange Act, as are all of the members of the Audit Committee.

The information in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held June 9, 2006 set forth under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” is incorporated herein by reference.

CODE OF CONDUCT

The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for all employees and independent contractors of LECG, which is applicable to all principal executive, financial and accounting officers. We will provide a copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics upon written request to LECG Corporation, Attention: Investor Relations, 2000 Powell Street, Suite 600, Emeryville, California 94608. We will file a Form 8-K with the SEC, disclosing any material amendment to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or waiver of a provision of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, including the name of the officer to whom the waiver was granted, within four business days after such amendment or waiver.

ITEM 11.         EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held June 9, 2006 set forth under the caption “Executive Compensation and Other Matters” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.         SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held June 9, 2006 set forth under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13.         CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

The information in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held June 9, 2006 set forth under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.         PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held June 9, 2006 set forth under the caption “Fees Billed by Deloitte & Touche LLP during Fiscal Year 2005” is incorporated herein by reference.

79




PART IV

ITEM 15.         EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

1.

 

Financial Statements: See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

2.

 

All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the Financial Statements or the Notes thereto appearing in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

3.

 

Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Form 10-K.

 

80




INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number

 

Description

**2.1

 

Asset Purchase Agreement entered into as of March 1, 2004 by and among LECG Corporation, LECG, LLC, Economic Analysis, the members of Economic Analysis and other related parties identified therein

**2.2

 

First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement entered into on March 17, 2004 by and among LECG Corporation, LECG, LLC, Economic Analysis, the members of Economic Analysis, and other related parties identified therein

*†2.3

 

Stock Purchase Agreement entered into effective as of August 2, 2004 by and among LECG, LLC, LECG Corporation, The Summers 1992 Trust, U/T/A 1/27/92, the Richard & Sylvia McCloskey Living Trust Dated 6/14/93, Dr. Richard A. Blanchard, Diana Trujillo, Gary J. Summers and Richard McCloskey

*3.1(a)

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of LECG Corporation, as currently in effect

*3.2

 

Bylaws of LECG Corporation

*3.3

 

Articles of Organization of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, as currently in effect

*3.4

 

Articles of Organization of LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, as currently in effect

*3.5

 

Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, as currently in effect

*3.5(a)

 

First Amendment to Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece and David Kaplan dated October 29, 2001

*3.5(b)

 

Second Amendment to Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece and David Kaplan dated December 7, 2001

*3.5(c)

 

Third Amendment to Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece and David Kaplan dated March 27, 2003

*3.5(d)

 

Fourth Amendment to Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece and David Kaplan dated August 1, 2003

*3.5(e)

 

Fifth Amendment to Limited Liability Company Agreement of LECG Holding Company, LLC, a California limited liability company, between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece and David Kaplan dated October 14, 2003.

*3.6

 

Operating Agreement of LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, as currently in effect

*4.1

 

Form of the Registrant’s Common Stock Certificate

*10.1

 

Form of Director and Executive Officer Indemnification Agreement

*10.2

 

2000 Incentive Plan and forms of agreements thereunder

*10.2(a)

 

First Amendment to 2000 Incentive Plan dated October 29, 2001

*10.2(b)

 

Second Amendment to 2000 Incentive Plan dated February 2, 2002

*10.2(c)

 

Third Amendment to 2000 Incentive Plan dated June 7, 2002

81




 

*10.2(d)

 

Fourth Amendment to 2000 Incentive Plan dated May 30, 2003

*10.3

 

2003 Stock Option Plan and forms of agreements thereunder

*10.4

 

2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and forms of agreement thereunder

*10.5

 

Asset Purchase Agreement between Navigant Consulting, Inc., LECG, Inc., LECG Holding Company, LLC and LECG, LLC dated September 29, 2000

*10.6

 

Loan Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC and David P. Kaplan dated September 29, 2000 and Secured Non-Recourse Promissory Note issued thereunder

*10.7

 

Office Lease Agreement between LECG, LLC and EOP-Emeryville Properties, L.L.C. dated December 17, 2001

*10.8

 

Lease Agreement between LECG, LLC and Farragut Center LLC dated December 27, 2000

*10.9

 

Expert Agreement between LECG, LLC and Walter Vandaele dated October 13, 2000

*10.9(a)

 

First Amendment to Employment Letter between LECG, LLC and Walter Vandaele dated June 13, 2003

*10.9(b)

 

Second Amendment to Employment Letter between LECG, LLC and Walter Vandaele dated September 9, 2003

*10.10

 

Convertible Promissory Note made by LECG, LLC to Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P. for up to $5.0 million dated June 13, 2002

*10.11

 

Expert Agreement between LECG, LLC and David Teece dated October 27, 1997

*10.12

 

Expert Agreement between LECG, LLC and David Kaplan dated April 27, 1998

*10.13

 

Loan Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC and Mukesh Bajaj dated November 1, 2000 and Secured Non-Recourse Promissory Note issued thereunder

*10.14

 

Guaranty Agreement by Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P. in favor of Wachovia Bank, National Association (formerly known as First Union National Bank) dated June 13, 2002

*10.15

 

Guaranty Agreement by David J. Teece in favor of Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P. dated June 12, 2002

*10.16

 

Agreement between LECG, LLC and PA Consulting Group, Inc. and PA Holdings Limited dated March 19, 2001

*10.17

 

Letter Agreement between LECG, LLC and Arthur Andersen LLP dated June 12, 2002

*10.18

 

Registration Rights Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece, David Kaplan, Frog & Peach Investors, LLC and other persons dated September 29, 2000

#10.18(a)

 

Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Rights Agreement by and among Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P., Thoma Cressey Friends Fund VII, L.P. and LECG Corporation dated November 9, 2004

*10.19

 

Buy Sell Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece, David Kaplan, Frog & Peach Investors, LLC and other persons dated September 29, 2000

*10.19(a)

 

First Amendment to Buy Sell Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, David J. Teece, David Kaplan, Frog & Peach Investors, LLC and other persons dated December 2, 2002

*10.20

 

Senior Management Agreement among LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG, LLC and David J. Teece dated September 29, 2000

*10.21

 

Senior Management Agreement among LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG, LLC and David P. Kaplan dated September 29, 2000

*10.22

 

Letter Agreement among LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG, LLC, Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P., and David J. Teece dated June 13, 2002

82




 

*10.23

 

Joint Venture Agreement dated July 19, 2003 between LECG, LLC, LECG Korea, LLC, a Korean limited liability company, Hong-Choo Hyun, Kye-Sung Chung and Chun-Wook Hyun

*10.24

 

Share Subscription Agreement dated July 19, 2003 between LECG, LLC, LECG Korea, LLC, a Korean limited liability company, Hong-Choo Hyun, Kye-Sung Chung and Chun-Wook Hyun

*10.25

 

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto, U.S. Bank National Association and LaSalle Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.26

 

Revolving Promissory Note issued by LECG, LLC, to U.S. Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.27

 

Revolving Promissory Note issued by LECG, LLC to LaSalle Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.28

 

Term Note issued by LECG, LLC to U.S. Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.29

 

Term Note issued by LECG, LLC to LaSalle Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.30

 

Amended and Restated Security Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC and U.S. Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.31

 

Amended and Restated Security Agreement between LECG, LLC and U.S. Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.32

 

Guaranty given by LECG Holding Company, LLC in favor of U.S. Bank National Association dated March 31, 2003

*10.33

 

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, dated August 19, 2003

*10.34

 

Revolving Promissory Note issued by LECG, LLC to U.S. Bank National Association dated August 19, 2003

*10.35

 

Revolving Promissory Note issued by LECG, LLC to LaSalle Bank National Association dated August 19, 2003

*10.36

 

Reaffirmation of Guaranty and Security Agreement given by LECG Holding Company, LLC in favor of U.S. Bank National Association dated August 19, 2003

*10.37

 

Asset Purchase Agreement between LECG, LLC, LECG Holding Company, LLC, BLDS, LLC, Dr. Bernard R. Siskin, Dr. Leonard A. Cupingood, Dr. David W. Griffin and Dr. Samuel J. Kursh dated August 1, 2003

*10.37(a)

 

First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement between LECG, LLC, LECG Holding Company, LLC, BLDS, LLC, Dr. Bernard R. Siskin, Dr. Leonard A. Cupingood, Dr. David W. Griffin and Dr. Samuel J. Kursh dated November 11, 2003

*10.38

 

Director Practice Purchase Agreement between LECG, LLC, LECG Holding Company, LLC, Dr. Bernard R. Siskin, Dr. Leonard A. Cupingood, Dr. David W. Griffin and Dr. Samuel J. Kursh dated August 1, 2003

*10.39

 

Business Development Agreement between LECG, LLC and Enterprise Research, Inc. dated December 10, 2002

*10.39(a)

 

First Amendment to Business Development Agreement between LECG, LLC and Enterprise Research dated September 29, 2003

*10.40

 

First Amendment to Employment Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG, LLC and David J. Teece dated August 5, 2002

*10.40(a)

 

Second Amendment to Employment Agreement between LECG, LLC and David J. Teece dated September 30, 2003

83




 

†10.40(b)

 

Third Amendment to Employment Agreement between LECG, LCC and David J. Teece dated October 1, 2004

†*†10.40(c)

 

Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement between LECG, LCC and David J. Teece dated October 1, 2004

*10.41

 

Amended and Restated Senior Management Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG, LLC and David P. Kaplan dated September 29, 2003

†10.41(a)

 

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Senior Management Agreement between LECG, LLC, LECG Corporation, successor in interest to LECG Holding Company, LLC, and David Kaplan dated October 1, 2004

*10.42

 

Loan Commitment Letter from David J. Teece to LECG, LLC dated September 5, 2002

*10.43

 

Loan Commitment Letter from David J. Teece to LECG, LLC dated November 12, 2002

*10.44

 

Expert Agreement between LECG, LLC and David T. Scheffman dated August 29, 2003

*10.45

 

First Amendment to Employment Letter between LECG, LLC and David T. Scheffman dated August 29, 2003

*10.46

 

Form of Omnibus Plan of Reorganization between LECG Holding Company, LLC, LECG Corporation, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation, Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P. and Thoma Cressey Friends Fund VII, L.P., David J. Teece and David Kaplan

*10.47

 

Form of Transfer Agreement between LECG Corporation, Thoma Cressey Fund VII, L.P., Thoma Cressey Friends Fund VII, L.P. and TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation

*10.48

 

Form of Agreement and Plan of Merger between LECG Holding Company, LLC, TCEP/LECG Funding Corporation and LECG Corporation

*10.49

 

Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement between LECG Holding Company, LLC and LECG Corporation

*10.50

 

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, dated November 12, 2003

††10.51

 

Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan

*†10.52

 

Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, dated April 15, 2004

*†10.53

 

Lease between Derwent Valley Central Limited, LECG Limited UK and LECG Corporation, dated March 15, 2004 for Third Floor of the Davidson Building 5 Southampton Street, London WC2

*†10.54

 

Lease between Derwent Valley Central Limited, LECG Limited UK and LECG Corporation, dated March 15, 2004 for Fourth Floor of the Davidson Building 5 Southampton Street, London WC2

*†10.55

 

Lease between Derwent Valley Central Limited, LECG Limited UK and LECG Corporation, dated March 15, 2004 for Fifth Floor of the Davidson Building 5 Southampton Street, London WC2

*†10.56

 

Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, dated August 12, 2004

#10.57

 

Employment Letter between LECG, LLC and John C. Burke dated January 15, 2003

†*10.58

 

Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit between LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company, the Banks which are signatories thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of July 28, 2005

†**10.59

 

Asset Purchase Agreement entered into as of August 1, 2005 by and among LECG Corporation, LECG, LLC, Bates Private Capital Incorporated, and the principals of Bates Private Capital Incorporated.

84




 

†**10.60

 

First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement dated on August 15, 2005 by and among LECG Corporation, LECG, LLC, Bates Private Capital Incorporated, and the principals of Bates Private Capital Incorporated.

†**10.61

 

Asset Purchase Agreement entered into on October 7, 2005 by and among LECG Corporation, LECG, LLC, Neilson Elggren LLP, and the partners of Neilson Elggren LLP.

21.1

 

Subsidiaries of Registrant

23

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


*                    Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-108189), as amended.

**             Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 1, 2004.

                    Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 6, 2004.

††             Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 3, 2004.

*†             Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 9, 2004.

†*             Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 5, 2005.

†*†      Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 1, 2005.

†**      Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 8, 2005.

#                 Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-120342), as amended.

 

85




SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

LECG CORPORATION

 

 

(Registrant)

Date: March 10, 2006

 

/s/  DAVID J. TEECE

 

 

David J. Teece

 

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints David J. Teece and John C. Burke, or any of them, each with the power of substitution, his attorney-in-fact, to sign any amendments to this Form 10-K (including post-effective amendments), and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

By

 

/s/ DAVID J. TEECE

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director  (Principal Executive Officer)

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

David J. Teece

 

By

 

/s/ JOHN C. BURKE

 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

John C. Burke

 

By

 

/s/ GARY S. YELLIN

 

Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

Gary S. Yellin

 

By

 

/s/ MICHAEL R. GAULKE

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

Michael R. Gaulke

 

By

 

/s/ MICHAEL R. JEFFERY

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

Michael R. Jeffery

 

By

 

/s/ WILLIAM W. LIEBECK

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

William W. Liebeck

 

By

 

/s/ WILLIAM J. SPENCER

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

William J. Spencer

 

By

 

/s/ WALTER H.A. VANDAELE

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

Walter H.A. Vandaele

 

By

 

/s/ RUTH M. RICHARDSON

 

Director

 

March 10, 2006

 

 

Ruth M. Richardson

 

 

86



EX-21.1 2 a06-1856_1ex21d1.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

Exhibit 21.1

 

LECG CORPORATION (formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY

 

 

List of Subsidiaries

 

 

LECG, LLC, a California limited liability company

LECG Limited New Zealand, a New Zealand Corporation

LECG Limited UK, a United Kingdom Corporation

LECG Canada Holding, Inc., a California Corporation

LECG Canada Ltd, a corporation formed in accordance with the Business Corporations Act (Ontario)

LECG Holding Company (UK) Ltd, a UK private company

LECG Consulting France, SAS, a French societe par actions simpliee

LECG Consulting Spain, SL, a Spanish Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada

LECG Consulting Belgium, NC, a Belgian naamloze vennootschap/societe anonyme

LECG Consulting Italy, SrL, an Italian società a Responsabilità Limitata

Silicon Valley Expert Witness Group, Inc., a California Corporation

 


 

EX-23 3 a06-1856_1ex23.htm CONSENTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Exhibit 23

 

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements Nos. 333-110973 and 333-122861 on Form S-8 of our report dated March 10, 2005 relating to the financial statements of LECG Corporation and management’s report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of LECG Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Francisco, California
March 10, 2006

 

 


 

EX-31.1 4 a06-1856_1ex31d1.htm 302 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, David J. Teece, certify that:

1.         I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of LECG Corporation;

2.         Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.         Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.         The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.         The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)       any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: March 10, 2006

/s/  DAVID J. TEECE

 

David J. Teece

Chairman
(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 


 

EX-31.2 5 a06-1856_1ex31d2.htm 302 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, John C. Burke, certify that:

1.         I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of LECG Corporation;

2.         Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.         Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.         The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.         The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: March 10, 2006

/s/  JOHN C. BURKE

 

John C. Burke
Chief Financial Officer

 


 

EX-32.1 6 a06-1856_1ex32d1.htm 906 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 32.1

 

LECG CORPORATION (Formerly LECG Holding Company, LLC) AND SUBSIDIARY


CERTIFICATION
OF
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

        I, David J. Teece, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of LECG Corporation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of LECG Corporation.

 

/s/  DAVID J. TEECE

 

/s/  JOHN C. BURKE

David J. Teece

John C. Burke

Chairman of the Board of Directors

Chief Financial Officer

March 10, 2006

March 10, 2006

 

 


 

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