-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, GCBvUinyh2H+Wv4tV5a0qebtnMNSyWakq8q6n+X+HQ9+HCssPYGUfdVwZzMwx2mR kjSfiaZ9lgF4kf1/Bl7DQw== 0001362310-08-001478.txt : 20080317 0001362310-08-001478.hdr.sgml : 20080317 20080317162257 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001362310-08-001478 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 11 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080317 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080317 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: AMERICAN OIL & GAS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001120916 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: CRUDE PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS [1311] IRS NUMBER: 880451554 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NV FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-31900 FILM NUMBER: 08693208 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1050 17TH STREET STREET 2: SUITE 1850 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80265 BUSINESS PHONE: 3039910173 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1050 17TH STREET STREET 2: SUITE 1850 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80265 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: DRGOODTEETH COM DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20000906 10-K 1 c72661e10vk.htm FORM 10-K Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-31900
AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Nevada
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  88-0451554
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
1050 17th Street, Suite 2400 Denver, Colorado 80265
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (303) 991-0173
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
     
Title of Each Class:   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:
     
Common Stock, $.001 par value per share   American Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     
o Yes þ No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.     
o Yes þ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.       þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.     o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
             
Large accelerated filer     o   Accelerated filer     þ   Non-accelerated filer     o   Smaller reporting company     o
        (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).      o Yes þ No
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2007 was $260,578,642.
The number of shares of registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 10, 2008 was 46,488,077 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement filed under Regulation 14A promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which definitive proxy statement is to be filed within 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, are incorporated by reference in Part III hereof.
 
 

 

 


 

AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
             
        Page  
   
 
       
PART I  
 
       
   
 
       
Item 1:       3  
   
 
       
Item 1A:       9  
   
 
       
Item 1B:       12  
   
 
       
Item 2:       12  
   
 
       
Item 3:       18  
   
 
       
Item 4:       18  
   
 
       
PART II  
 
       
   
 
       
Item 5:       18  
   
 
       
Item 6:       20  
   
 
       
Item 7:       22  
   
 
       
Item 7A:       30  
   
 
       
Item 8:       F-1  
   
 
       
Item 9:       32  
   
 
       
Item 9A:       32  
   
 
       
Item 9B:       35  
   
 
       
PART III  
 
       
   
 
       
Item 10:       35  
   
 
       
Item 11:       35  
   
 
       
Item 12:       35  
   
 
       
Item 13:       35  
   
 
       
Item 14:       35  
   
 
       
PART IV  
 
       
   
 
       
Item 15:       35  
   
 
       
 Exhibit 3 (i)
 Exhibit 10.24
 Subsidiary List
 Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers and Geologists
 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 200
 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
As used in this document, “American”, “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to American Oil & Gas, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
For abbreviations or definitions of certain terms used in the oil and gas industry and in this annual report, please refer to the section entitled “Glossary of Abbreviations and Terms.”

 

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PART I
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K that are not historical are “forward-looking statements,” as that term is defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve a number of risks and uncertainties.
These forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
   
our business and growth strategies,
 
   
our oil and natural gas reserve estimates,
 
   
our ability to successfully and economically explore for and develop oil and gas resources,
 
   
our exploration and development drilling prospects, inventories, projects and programs,
 
   
availability and costs of drilling rigs and field services,
 
   
anticipated trends in our business,
 
   
our future results of operations,
 
   
our liquidity and ability to finance our exploration and development activities,
 
   
market conditions in the oil and gas industry,
 
   
our ability to make and integrate acquisitions, and
 
   
the impact of environmental and other governmental regulation.
These statements may be found under “Risk Factors”, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation”, “Business and Properties” and other sections of this annual report. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by use of terms such as “may”, “could”, “should”, “expect”, “plan”, “project”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “predict”, “potential”, “pursue”, “target” or “continue”, the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology, although some forward-looking statements may be expressed differently.
The forward-looking statements contained in this annual report are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control. In addition, management’s assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. Management cautions all readers that the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report are not guarantees of future performance, and we cannot assure any reader that such statements will be realized or the forward-looking events and circumstances will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including:
   
the failure to obtain sufficient capital resources to fund our operations,
 
   
an inability to replace our reserves through exploration and development activities,
 
   
unsuccessful drilling activities,
 
   
a decline in oil or natural gas production or oil or natural gas prices,
 
   
incorrect estimates of required capital expenditures,
 
   
increases in the cost of drilling, completion and gas gathering or other costs of production and operations,
 
   
impact of environmental and other governmental regulation, including delays in obtaining permits,
 
   
hazardous and risky drilling operations, and
 
   
an inability to meet growth projections.
You should also consider carefully the statements under “Risk Factors” and other sections of this annual report, which address additional factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.

 

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All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this annual report. We do not intend to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.
Item 1: Business
We are an independent oil and gas exploration and production company, engaged in the exploration, development and acquisition of crude oil and natural gas reserves and production in the western United States. We currently control the following:
   
Approximately 124,000 gross (69,000 net) acres in the Douglas Project area, located in the southern Powder River Basin, Wyoming which includes approximately 56,000 gross (36,000 net) acres in the Fetter Prospect,
 
   
Approximately 131,000 gross (49,000 net) acres in the Krejci Project, located in Niobrara County, Wyoming, and
 
   
Approximately 79,000 gross (30,000 net) acres in the Goliath Project, located in the Williston Basin, North Dakota.
For more information relating to our operational activities, please see “Item 2: Properties.”
We operate in one industry segment, which is the exploration, development and production of natural gas and crude oil, and all of our operations are conducted in the United States. Consequently, we currently report a single industry segment. See “Financial Statements” and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for financial information about this industry segment.
Competition
We operate in the highly competitive oil and gas areas of acquisition and exploration; areas in which other competing companies have substantially larger financial resources, operations, staffs and facilities. Such companies may be able to pay more for prospective oil and gas properties or prospects and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than our financial or human resources permit.
Proved Reserves
Ryder Scott Company L.P. (“Ryder Scott”), an independent petroleum engineering firm, determined our estimated proved oil and gas reserves as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 and determined the projected future cash flows from those proved reserves and the present value, discounted at 10% per annum, of those future cash flows (“PV-10 Value”), as summarized in the following table. In estimating reserves, Ryder Scott used the SEC definition of proved reserves. Projected future cash flows are based on economic and operating conditions as of the applicable December 31st date for 2007, 2006 and 2005. In particular, projected future cash flows reflect oil and gas prices on those December 31st dates.
                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005 *  
Proved oil reserves (bbls)
    96,399       91,850       554,702  
Proved NGL reserves (bbls)
    53,933       **       **  
Proved natural gas reserves (mcf)
    1,307,159       809,847       378,213  
Future net cash flows (before income taxes)
  $ 13,727,358     $ 6,428,667     $ 26,565,846  
PV-10 Value
  $ 8,362,799     $ 4,692,808     $ 13,798,930  
     
*  
Approximately 90% of the reserves PV-10 value at December 31, 2005 related to our Big Sky project, which we sold on March 31, 2006.
 
**  
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, NGL (i.e., natural gas liquids) estimated to be recovered from the produced natural gas were not significant and not separately estimated.

 

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Volumes of reserves actually recovered and cash flows actually received from actual production may differ significantly from the proved reserve estimates and the related projected cash flows, respectively. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and gas that cannot be measured in an exact way. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment and the existence of development plans. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of an estimate may justify revision of such estimates. Accordingly, reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and gas that are ultimately recovered.
Reconciliation of Standardized Measure to PV-10 Value
PV-10 Value is the estimated present value of the future net revenues from our proved oil and natural gas reserves before income taxes discounted using a 10% discount rate. PV-10 Value is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under SEC regulations because it does not include the effects of future income taxes, as is required in computing the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows. We believe that PV-10 Value is an important measure that can be used to evaluate the relative significance of our oil and natural gas properties and that PV-10 Value is widely used by security analysts and investors when evaluating oil and natural gas companies. Because many factors that are unique to each individual company impact the amount of future income taxes to be paid, the use of a pre-tax measure provides greater comparability of assets when evaluating companies. We believe that most other companies in the oil and natural gas industry calculate PV-10 Value on the same basis. PV-10 Value is computed on the same basis as the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows but without deducting income taxes. The table below provides a reconciliation of our standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows to our PV-10 Value.
                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
  $ 8,304,799     $ 4,598,000     $ 13,709,930  
Add present value of future income tax discounted at 10%
    58,000       94,808       89,000  
 
                 
PV-10 Value
  $ 8,362,799     $ 4,692,808     $ 13,798,930  
 
                 
Customers
During fiscal year 2007, we had four major customers: DCP Midstream, L.P., Wyoming Refining Company, Shell Trading (US) Company and Nexen Marketing U.S.A., Inc. Sales to those customers accounted for approximately 81% of oil and gas sales in 2007. During fiscal year 2006 and 2005, we had one major customer: Eighty Eight Oil, LLC. Sales to this customer accounted for approximately 71% and 75% of oil and gas sales in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Because there are other purchasers that are capable of and willing to purchase our oil and gas and because we have the option to change purchasers on our properties if conditions so warrant, we believe that our oil and gas production can be sold in the market in the event that it is not sold to our existing customers.
Environmental Matters
Operations on properties in which we have an interest are subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws that regulate the discharge or disposal of materials or substances into the environment and otherwise are intended to protect the environment. Numerous governmental agencies issue rules and regulations to implement and enforce such laws, which are often difficult and costly to comply with and which carry substantial administrative, civil and criminal penalties and in some cases injunctive relief for failure to comply.
Some laws, rules and regulations relating to the protection of the environment may, in certain circumstances, impose ''strict liability’’ for environmental contamination. These laws render a person or company liable for environmental and natural resource damages, cleanup costs and, in the case of oil spills in certain states, consequential damages without regard to negligence or fault. Other laws, rules and regulations may require the rate of oil and gas production to be below the economically optimal rate or may even prohibit exploration or production activities in environmentally sensitive areas. In addition, state laws often require some form of remedial action, such as closure of inactive pits and plugging of abandoned wells, to prevent pollution from former or suspended operations.

 

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Legislation has been proposed in the past and continues to be evaluated in Congress from time to time that would reclassify certain oil and gas exploration and production wastes as ''hazardous wastes.’’ This reclassification would make these wastes subject to much more stringent storage, treatment, disposal and clean-up requirements, which could have a significant adverse impact on operating costs. Initiatives to further regulate the disposal of oil and gas wastes are also proposed in certain states from time to time and may include initiatives at the county, municipal and local government levels. These various initiatives could have a similar adverse impact on operating costs.
The regulatory burden of environmental laws and regulations increases our cost and risk of doing business and consequently affects our profitability. The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, also known as the ''Superfund’’ law, imposes liability, without regard to fault, on certain classes of persons with respect to the release of a ''hazardous substance’’ into the environment. These persons include the current or prior owner or operator of the disposal site or sites where the release occurred and companies that transported, disposed or arranged for the transport or disposal of the hazardous substances found at the site. Persons who are or were responsible for releases of hazardous substances under CERCLA may be subject to joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment and for damages to natural resources, and it is not uncommon for the federal or state government to pursue such claims.
It is also not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury or property or natural resource damages allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released into the environment. Under CERCLA, certain oil and gas materials and products are, by definition, excluded from the term ''hazardous substances.’’ At least two federal courts have held that certain wastes associated with the production of crude oil may be classified as hazardous substances under CERCLA. Similarly, under the federal Resource, Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, which governs the generation, treatment, storage and disposal of ''solid wastes’’ and ''hazardous wastes,’’ certain oil and gas materials and wastes are exempt from the definition of ''hazardous wastes.’’ This exemption continues to be subject to judicial interpretation and increasingly stringent state interpretation. During the normal course of operations on properties in which we have an interest, exempt and non-exempt wastes, including hazardous wastes, that are subject to RCRA and comparable state statutes and implementing regulations are generated or have been generated in the past. The federal Environmental Protection Agency and various state agencies continue to promulgate regulations that limit the disposal and permitting options for certain hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.
We believe that the operator of the properties in which we have an interest are in substantial compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the control of air emissions at all facilities on those properties. Although we maintain insurance against some, but not all, of the risks described above, including insuring the costs of clean-up operations, public liability and physical damage, there is no assurance that our insurance will be adequate to cover all such costs, that the insurance will continue to be available in the future or that the insurance will be available at premium levels that justify our purchase. The occurrence of a significant event not fully insured or indemnified against could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operations. Compliance with environmental requirements, including financial assurance requirements and the costs associated with the cleanup of any spill, could have a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position. We do believe, however, that our operators are in substantial compliance with current applicable environmental laws and regulations. Nevertheless, changes in environmental laws have the potential to adversely affect operations. At this time, we have no plans to make any material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities.
Employees
At December 31, 2007, we had fifteen full time employees. Our employees are not covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relationship with our employees to be good.

 

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Website and Codes of Ethics
Our website address is http://www.americanog.com. We make available free of charge through our website our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filed or furnished to the SEC. Additionally, posted on our website are our Code of Ethics (for senior financial management) and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (for all employees, officers and directors) and the Charters for our Audit Committee, our Compensation Committee and our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The codes of ethics and the committee charters are available in print free of charge to any stockholder who requests them. Requests should be sent by mail to our corporate secretary at 1050 17 th Street, Suite 2400, Denver, Colorado 80265.
Glossary of Abbreviations and Terms
Unless otherwise indicated in this document, oil equivalents are determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one barrel of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids so that six Mcf of natural gas are referred to as one barrel of oil equivalent.
AMI. Area of Mutual Interest.
Bbl. One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in reference to oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
Bbl/d. One Bbl per day.
Bc/d. Barrels of condensate daily.
Bcf. One Billion cubic feet of natural gas at standard atmospheric conditions.
Bcfe. One billion cubic feet equivalent of natural gas, calculated by converting oil to equivalent Mcf at a ratio of six Mcf to one Bbl of oil.
Boe. Barrels of oil equivalent, with six thousand cubic feet of natural gas being equivalent to one barrel of oil.
Btu or British thermal unit. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
Capital Expenditures. Costs associated with exploratory and development drilling (including exploratory dry holes); leasehold acquisitions; seismic data acquisitions; geological, geophysical and land related overhead expenditures; delay rentals; producing property acquisitions; other miscellaneous capital expenditures; compression equipment and pipeline costs.
Carried Working Interest. The owner of this type of working interest in the drilling of a well incurs no liability for drilling costs associated with a well until the well is drilled.
Completion. The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or natural gas.
Condensate. Liquid hydrocarbons associated with the production of a primarily natural gas reserve.
Developed Acreage. The number of acres that are allocated or assignable to producing wells or wells capable of production.
Development Well. A well drilled within the proved area of an oil or natural gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.
Drill Spacing Unit. The gross minimum surface area for the drilling of one well, usually set or approved by local state law or a state agency. For example, the agency may initially require gas wells to be drilled on 640-acre spacing units. If the initial well’s production indicates that four wells are needed to access oil and gas reserves under the 640 acre spacing unit, then the agency may reduce the drill spacing unit to 160 acres to allow four wells per 640 acres.

 

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Exploitation. The continuing development of a known producing formation in a previously discovered field. To make complete or maximize the ultimate recovery of oil or natural gas from the field by work including development wells, secondary recovery equipment or other suitable processes and technology.
Exploration. The search for natural accumulations of oil and natural gas by any geological, geophysical or other suitable means.
Exploratory Well. A well drilled to find and produce oil or natural gas in an unproved area, to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of oil or natural gas in another reservoir, or to extend a known reservoir.
Field. An area consisting of either a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs, all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature and/or stratigraphic condition.
Finding and Development Costs. The total capital expenditures, including acquisition costs, and exploration and abandonment costs, for oil and gas activities divided by the amount of proved reserves added in the specified period.
Gross Acres. The total surface acres under which we have a working interest in an oil & gas lease.
Gross Wells. Oil and gas wells, as the case may be, in which we have a working interest.
Lease. An instrument which grants to another (the lessee) the exclusive right to enter to explore for, drill for, produce, store and remove oil and natural gas on the mineral interest, in consideration for which the lessor is entitled to certain rents and royalties payable under the terms of the lease. Typically, the duration of the lessee’s authorization is for a stated term of years and “for so long thereafter” as minerals are producing.
Lease Net Acres. Usually synonymous with the term gross acres. In some circumstances, lease net acres may be less than gross acres, such as circumstances where a lease is given by parties having only a portion of the mineral rights to land below a given surface area or a given drill spacing unit. If we have a 50% working interest in leases by owners of 90% of the mineral interests for 100 gross acres, then there are 90 lease net acres and we are said to own 45 net acres relating to the 100 gross acres.
Mcf. One thousand cubic feet of natural gas at standard atmospheric conditions.
Mcf/d. One Mcf per day.
Mcfe. One thousand cubic feet equivalent of natural gas, calculated by converting oil to equivalent Mcf at a ratio of six Mcf to one Bbl of oil.
MMcf. One million cubic feet of natural gas.
Net Acres. A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of our fractional ownership working interests in lease net acres equals one. The number of net acres is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in lease net acres expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.
Net Wells. A net well is deemed to exist when the sum of our fractional ownership working interests in gross wells equals one. The number of net wells is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross wells expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.
Operator. The individual or company responsible to the working interest owners for the exploration, development and production of an oil or natural gas well or lease.
Participant Group. The individuals and/or companies that, together, comprise the ownership of 100% of the working interest in a specific well or project.

 

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PV-10 value. The present value of estimated future revenues to be generated from the production of proved reserves calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, net of estimated lease operating expense, production taxes and future development costs, using prices and costs as of the date of estimation without future escalation, without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expenses, debt service and depreciation, depletion and amortization or federal income taxes, and discounted using an annual discount rate of 10%.
Productive well. A well that is found to be capable of producing hydrocarbons in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of the production exceed production expenses and taxes.
Prospect. A specific geographic area which, based on supporting geological, geophysical or other data and also preliminary economic analysis using reasonably anticipated prices and costs, is deemed to have potential for the discovery of commercial hydrocarbons.
Proved developed reserves. Reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.
Proved reserves. The estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be commercially recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.
Proved undeveloped reserves (PUD). Proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion.
Re-entry. Entering an existing well bore to redrill or repair.
Reserves. Natural gas and crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids on a net revenue interest basis, found to be commercially recoverable.
Reservoir. A porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of producible natural gas and/or oil that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is separate from other reservoirs.
Royalty. An interest in an oil and natural gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the right to receive a portion of the production from the leased acreage, or of the proceeds of the sale thereof, but generally does not require the owner to pay any portion of the costs of drilling or operating the wells on the leased acreage. Royalties may be either landowner’s royalties, which are reserved by the owner of the leased acreage at the time the lease is granted, or overriding royalties, which are usually reserved by an owner of the leasehold in connection with a transfer to a subsequent owner.
SEC. The United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Undeveloped Acreage. Lease acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and gas regardless of whether or not such acreage contains proved reserves.
Working Interest. An interest in an oil and gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the right to drill and produce oil and gas on the leased acreage and requires the owner to pay a share of the costs of drilling and production operations. The share of production to which a working interest owner is entitled will always be smaller than the share of costs that the working interest owner is required to bear, with the balance of the production accruing to the owners of royalties.

 

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Title to Properties
As is customary in the oil and gas industry, only a preliminary title examination is conducted at the time we acquire leases or enter into other agreements to obtain control over interests in acreage believed to be suitable for drilling operations. In many instances, our partners have acquired rights to the prospective acreage and we have a contractual right to have our interests in that acreage assigned to us. In some cases, we are in the process of having those interests so assigned. Prior to the commencement of drilling operations, a thorough title examination of the drill site tract is conducted by independent attorneys. Once production from a given well is established, the operator will prepare a division order title report indicating the proper parties and percentages for payment of production proceeds, including royalties. We believe that titles to our leasehold properties are good and defensible in accordance with standards generally acceptable in the oil and gas industry.
Item 1A: Risk Factors
You should be aware that the occurrence of any of the events described in this section and elsewhere in this annual report or in any other of our filings with the SEC could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, liquidity and results of operations. In evaluating our company, you should consider carefully, among other things, the factors and the specific risks set forth below and in documents we incorporate by reference. This annual report contains “forward-looking statements” that involve risks and uncertainties. Some of the following risks relate principally to the industry in which we operate and to our business. Other risks relate principally to the securities markets and ownership of our common shares. If any of the following risks develop into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected, the trading price of your shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks related to our industry, business and strategy
We have a limited operating history in the oil and gas business, and we cannot predict our future operations with any certainty.
Our oil and gas operations commenced in 2003. Our future financial results depend primarily on (1) our ability to discover commercial quantities of oil and gas; (2) the market price for oil and gas; (3) our ability to continue to generate potential exploration prospects; and (4) our ability to fully implement our exploration and development program. We cannot predict that our future operations will be profitable. In addition, our operating results may vary significantly during any financial period. These variations may be caused by significant periods of time between discovery and development of oil or gas reserves in commercial quantities.
Our development and exploration operations require substantial capital, and we may be unable to obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a loss of properties and a decline in our natural gas and oil reserves.
The oil and natural gas industry is capital intensive. We make, and expect to continue to make, substantial capital expenditures in our business and operations for the exploration for and development, production and acquisition of oil and natural gas reserves. To date, we have financed capital expenditures primarily with sales of our securities, sale of our interest in oil and gas properties and cash generated by operations. We intend to finance our known capital expenditures for 2008 primarily with existing capital and cash flow from operations. We may generate additional capital to fund increases in capital expenditures through any of: 1) the sale of some oil and gas lease interests, 2) additional sales of our securities, and 3) debt financing. We may not be able to obtain equity or debt financing on terms favorable to us, or at all. Our ability to grow our oil and natural gas reserves and cash flow would be severely impacted if we are unable to obtain equity or debt financing as we may not be able to continue to drill all or some of our projects.
Oil and natural gas prices are volatile and a decline in oil and natural gas prices can significantly affect our financial results and impede our growth.
Our revenues, profitability and liquidity are substantially dependent upon prevailing prices for oil and natural gas, which can be extremely volatile. Even relatively modest drops in prices can significantly affect our financial results and impede our growth. Prices for oil and natural gas may fluctuate widely in response to relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for oil and natural gas, market uncertainty and a wide variety of additional factors that are beyond our control, such as the domestic and foreign supply of oil and natural gas; the price of foreign imports; the ability of members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries to agree to and maintain oil price and production controls; technological advances affecting energy consumption; domestic and foreign governmental regulations; and the variations between product prices at sales points and applicable index prices.

 

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We have incurred losses from operations in the past and may do so in the future.
Although we had net income in 2006 and 2005, we incurred a net loss in 2007. Our exploration and development of, and participation in, additional prospects will require additional capital expenditures. The uncertainty and factors described throughout this section may impede our ability to economically find, develop, exploit and acquire natural gas and oil reserves. As a result, we may not be able to achieve or sustain profitability or positive cash flows from operating activities in the future.
We may be unable to find additional reserves.
Our revenues depend on whether we acquire or find additional reserves. Unless we acquire properties containing proved reserves or conduct successful exploration and development activities, or both, our proved reserves will decline as reserves are produced. Our planned exploration and development projects may not result in significant additional reserves. We may be unable to drill productive wells at low reserve replacement costs.
Our short-term investments consist primarily of auction rate securities that are affected by the current poor credit market which, if conditions worsen, could result in material losses.
As of December 31, 2007, the total amount of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments was $20,700,000, consisting of $2,400,000 in cash and cash equivalents and $18,300,000 in short-term investments. Our short-term investments included $17,325,000 of auction rate securities. Our auction rate investments consist of variable-coupon preferred stocks issued by several US-based taxable closed-end mutual funds that invest primarily in corporate securities, and are known as auction market preferred shares (“AMPS”). All of our AMPS are AAA credit-rated by one or more of the major credit rating agencies. Historically, liquidity in AMPS has been provided via an auction process occurring every 7 days or every 28 days, at which time the dividend rate is reset. Dividends on the AMPS are paid on the day after the scheduled auction date.
Recently, these auctions and similar auctions have had insufficient bids to buy the securities from those wishing to sell. Two of the largest groups of taxable closed end mutual funds with AMPS have recently announced plans to use debt to redeem at par value AMPS of their taxable closed end mutual funds. However, the issuer groups of our AMPS (the largest being Calamos funds) have not announced similar plans. The absence of an auction requires the issuer of the AMPS to pay a higher dividend, but does not create a default by the issuer. Dividends are being paid currently on all of our AMPS. To increase our cash balances to approximately $9,600,000, we borrowed $8,600,000 on March 14, 2008 from an affiliate of our broker. The loan is secured by our AMPS investments and matures on September 30, 2008. The note payable bears interest approximating a 5.5% annual rate and that varies with the overnight LIBOR.
We believe that the fair value of our investments in the AMPS continues to approximate the cost at which we acquired these securities. In the event that the U.S. credit crisis worsens or if other issues affect the value of our AMPS investments, we may not be able to recover the full value of our investment in these securities. If we were unable to do so and could not obtain other funding, we could suffer material losses that would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and business.
We could be adversely impacted by changes in the oil and gas market.
The marketability of our oil and gas production depends in part upon the availability, proximity and capacity of gas gathering systems, pipelines and processing facilities. Federal and state regulation of oil and gas production and transportation, general economic conditions, changes in supply and changes in demand all could adversely affect our ability to produce and market oil and natural gas. If market factors were to change dramatically, the financial impact could be substantial because we would incur expenses without receiving revenues from the sale of production. The availability of markets is beyond our control.
Oil and gas operations are inherently risky.
The nature of the oil and gas business involves a variety of risks, including operating hazards such as fires, explosions, cratering, blow-outs, and encountering formations with abnormal pressures. The occurrence of any of these risks could result in losses. The occurrence of any one of these significant events, if it is not fully insured against, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
We are subject to extensive government regulations.
Our business is affected by numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations, including energy, environmental, conservation, tax and other laws and regulations relating to the oil and gas industry. These include, but are not limited to:
   
the prevention of waste,
 
   
the discharge of materials into the environment,
 
   
the conservation of oil and natural gas,
 
   
pollution,
 
   
permits for drilling operations,
 
   
drilling bonds, and
 
   
reports concerning operations, spacing of wells, and the unitization and pooling of properties.

 

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Failure to comply with any laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of injunctive relief, or both. Moreover, changes in any of the above laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business. In view of the many uncertainties with respect to current and future laws and regulations, including their applicability to us, we cannot predict the overall effect of such laws and regulations on our future operations.
New government regulation and environmental risks could increase our costs.
Many jurisdictions have at various times imposed limitations on the production of oil and gas by restricting the rate of flow for oil and gas wells below their actual capacity to produce. Because current regulations covering our operations are subject to change at any time, we may incur significant costs for compliance in the future.
Our prices may be impacted adversely by new taxes.
The federal, state and local governments in which we operate impose taxes on the oil and gas products we sell. In the past, there has been a significant amount of discussion by legislators and presidential administrations concerning a variety of energy tax proposals. In addition, many states have raised state taxes on energy sources and additional increases may occur. We cannot predict whether any of these measures would have an adverse impact on oil and natural gas prices.
Shortages of rigs, equipment, supplies and personnel could delay or otherwise adversely affect our cost of operations or our ability to operate according to our business plans.
We may experience shortages of drilling and completion rigs, field equipment and qualified personnel which may cause delays in our ability to continue to drill, complete, test and connect wells to processing facilities. These costs have sharply increased in various areas. The demand for and wage rates of qualified drilling rig crews generally rise in response to the increased number of active rigs in service and could increase sharply in the event of a shortage. Shortages of drilling and completion rigs, field equipment or qualified personnel could delay, restrict or curtail our exploration and development operations, which may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Shortages of transportation services and processing facilities may result in our receiving a discount in the price we receive for oil and natural gas sales or may adversely affect our ability to sell our oil and natural gas.
We may experience limited access to transportation lines, trucks or rail cars used to transport our oil and natural gas to processing facilities. We may also experience limited access to processing facilities. If either or both of these situations arise, we may not be able to sell our oil and natural gas at prevailing market prices. We may be completely unable to sell our oil and natural gas, which may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
Our common stock is illiquid, so investors may not be able to sell any significant number of shares of our stock at prevailing market prices.
The average daily trading volume of our common stock was approximately 223,000 shares per day over the 90-day period ended March 7, 2008. If limited trading of our stock continues, it may be difficult for investors to sell their shares in the public market at any given time at prevailing prices.

 

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Our stock price and trading volume may be volatile, which could result in losses for our stockholders.
The equity trading markets may experience periods of volatility, which could result in highly variable and unpredictable pricing of equity securities. The market of our common stock could change in ways that may or may not be related to our business, our industry or our operating performance and financial condition. In addition, the trading volume of our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include:
   
actual or anticipated quarterly variations in our operating results;
 
   
changes in expectations as to our future financial performance or changes in financial estimates, if any;
 
   
announcements relating to our business or the business of our competitors;
 
   
conditions generally affecting the oil and natural gas industry;
 
   
the success of our operating strategy; and
 
   
the operating and stock performance of other comparable companies.
Many of these factors are beyond our control, and we cannot predict their potential effects on the price of our common stock. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares of common stock at or above the price you acquired those shares. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly.
We may issue preferred stock with rights that are preferential to, and could cause a decrease in the value of, our common stock.
We may issue up to 24.75 million shares of preferred stock without action by our stockholders. Rights or preferences could include, among other things:
   
the establishment of dividends which must be paid prior to declaring or paying dividends or other distributions to our common stockholders;
 
   
greater or preferential liquidation rights which could negatively affect the rights of common stockholders; and
 
   
the right to convert the preferred stock at a rate or price which would have a dilutive effect on the outstanding shares of common stock.
Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments
The Company has not received any unresolved written comments from the SEC regarding its periodic or current reports not less than 180 days before the end of its fiscal year to which this Form 10-K relates.
Item 2: Properties
Oil and Natural Gas Assets
Our current operations are focused primarily in three main project areas that we call Douglas, Krejci and Goliath. Our Douglas project area includes our Fetter and West Douglas projects. We are also in the early stages of working in additional project areas where we are currently leasing additional acreage and performing geological evaluations. The following is a description and current status of our specific oil and gas projects:

 

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Douglas Project Area — Fetter Project (Powder River Basin, Wyoming)
Our Fetter project currently encompasses approximately 56,000 gross acres, and we own a 92.5% working interest in approximately 53,000 leased net acres. We are in the final stages of drilling and completing initial wells pursuant to a participation agreement with Red Technology Alliance, LLC (“RTA”) whereby RTA has agreed to pay 100% of the costs to drill and complete two horizontal wells and one vertical well in the Fetter project area. We are being carried through the tanks in this phase of the drilling program and will own a 23.125% working interest in each of the three wellbores. Upon completion of this initial drilling program, RTA will earn a 25% working interest in the undrilled acreage, and we will retain a 69.375% working interest, giving us approximately 36,000 net acres at Fetter. Privately held North Finn LLC will retain the remaining 5.625% working interest. The drilling and completion operations are project managed by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
The Fetter area has a history of various exploration and development attempts. Numerous wells in the area, which have been drilled by others over four decades, have encountered and/or produced natural gas and condensate, including four wells drilled in the 1990’s (owned by others) that are still producing from the Niobrara and Frontier formations. We believe that prior development efforts were negatively affected by various factors including inordinately long single well drill times, drilling techniques, delays in connecting wells that resulted in the potential for significant reservoir damage and low commodity pricing environments.
Prior to our agreement with RTA, we attempted to drill and complete a total of three wells in the Fetter area, and due to mechanical complications, were unable to complete those wells as expected by us. Pursuant to the agreement with RTA, we have successfully drilled and completed two horizontal wells into the target Frontier formation, the Sims 15-26H and the Hageman 16-34HR wells, and we are in the process of completing and testing the Wallis 6-23 well, which is a vertical well designed to test the productive potential of the Dakota, Mowry, Frontier, Niobrara and Steele formations.
The Sims 15-26H continues to produce into sales from the 1,165 foot horizontal lateral that was drilled into the targeted Frontier formation. Since August, the Sims well has cumulatively produced (into the sales line and flaring during early testing) approximately .5 billion cubic feet of natural gas equivalent during which time the well was often shut in or restricted due to testing and routine completion activities. Daily production volumes fluctuate as natural gas production from the well has been affected by the relatively high volume of high gravity oil that is a natural component of the reservoir. Although the oil is a benefit from a revenue generating perspective, the high volume of oil production can prevent the well from producing at optimum rates. We believe that this results in liquid (oil) loading and is the subject of ongoing engineering, reservoir and production optimization analysis. Because of the high BTU content and inclusion of sales of natural gas liquids, which is separate from the oil production, we received a price at the wellhead for January 2008 natural gas sales of approximately $8.06 per mcf.
The Hageman 16-34HR well has been completed and has commenced natural gas production into the sales line from the unstimulated 5,200 total feet of horizontal lateral that was drilled into the targeted Frontier formation. The well is currently recovering several thousand barrels of load water used to stabilize the well prior to completion operations. We expect that once the Hageman well recovers the load water, we will experience similar oil and natural gas ratios and pricing as we are experiencing in the Sims 15-26H well.
The Wallis 16-23 well, which was drilled to a total depth of 13,000 feet, is the first vertical well we drilled in the Fetter project and is designed to test multiple prospective formations utilizing multi-stage frac technology. Our approach is to allow an economic and reserve recovery comparison to be made between a vertical completion, which combines the production from multiple formations, to a single zone horizontal completion, similar to the Sims 15-26H and Hageman 16-34HR well. To date, the Wallis well has been completed and fracture stimulated in the Dakota and Mowry formations. Preliminary testing and evaluation of the Mowry is ongoing after which additional uphole formations, including the Frontier, will be completed. Upon completion and preliminary evaluation of all prospective formations in the well, we expect to commingle and test the Dakota, Mowry and other zones of interest and then place the well on production.

 

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We are currently planning for additional drilling in the Fetter area and may commence the next well as soon as the second quarter 2008. Although exact drilling procedures are not yet finalized, we expect the next wells will be drilled vertically, completing the wells in multiple formations and utilizing multi-stage fracture stimulation technologies. We are also considering acquiring 3D seismic data to assist in further understanding the complex geology in this area.
Douglas Project Area — West Douglas Project (Powder River Basin, Wyoming)
We are in the final stages of drilling and completing the State Deep 7-16 well pursuant to a participation agreement with RTA, whereby RTA has agreed to pay 100% of the costs to drill and complete this well. We are being carried through the tanks in this well and will own a 45% working interest. Upon completion of this well, RTA will earn a 50% working interest in the undrilled acreage, and we will retain a 45% working interest. Privately held North Finn LLC will retain the remaining 5% working interest. The drilling and completion operations are project managed by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Similar to the Wallis 16-23 well in our Fetter project, the State Deep 7-16 well is designed to evaluate the productive potential of the Dakota, Mowry, Frontier, Niobrara and Steele formations. This initial well has been drilled to total depth of 14,255 feet, and completion and testing operations are underway.
Krejci Oil Project (Powder River Basin, Wyoming)
Within our Krejci project, we are evaluating the productive potential of the Mowry formation at an approximate depth of 7,500 feet. We are focusing our efforts in and around the Krejci Field in Niobrara County, Wyoming. Our Krejci project area currently encompasses approximately 131,000 gross acres, and we own an average 39.1% working interest in approximately 126,000 lease net acres.
Mowry oil production was established on the prospect in the Krejci Field in the early 1960’s when three wells drilled to the lower Dakota formation were completed in the Mowry formation after excellent oil shows were noted during drilling. These three wells, in which we have no interest, produced commercial quantities of oil without the benefit of modern stimulation techniques. We believe that by employing modern drilling and completion techniques, production rates and ultimate recoveries of wells drilled in this area could be improved.
We have participated in the drilling and completion of four wells so far in the Krejci project. The first two wells drilled are producing, and the latest two wells are shut-in while we evaluate additional stimulation techniques. Although we currently have production from two of the four wells, we do not consider those wells to be commercially successful. Based on information gained from the first four wells, we have participated in the drilling of a fifth well, the Krejci Family Trust 32-1H well, and are in the process of completion and testing. We have made what we consider to be significant changes in the way this well was drilled and will make certain changes to the way the well is completed and stimulated. We expect to continue drilling in this area, and the rate and frequency of drilling will depend on the level of success we experience with each successive well.
Goliath Project (Williston Basin, North Dakota)
Our Goliath project is located primarily in Williams and Dunn Counties, North Dakota in an area where we are primarily targeting the middle member of the Bakken formation in an emerging horizontal drilling play in the North Dakota Williston Basin. In addition to the Bakken formation, we recognize additional opportunity in other formations, and we have drilled a successful well that has been completed in the Red River formation. Our Goliath project area currently encompasses approximately 79,000 gross acres and we own a 50% working interest in approximately 60,000 lease net acres.
In late 2007, we participated in the drilling of the Solberg 32-2 well with a non-operated 11.9% working interest (a net revenue interest of approximately 9.5%). This well was drilled to a total depth of approximately 14,400 feet as an offset to a Red River formation discovery well that was drilled and is owned by another operator. The Solberg 32-2 well tested at a restricted flow rate of approximately 2.1 million cubic feet of natural gas and 408 barrels of condensate (light oil) per day at an average flowing tubing pressure of 2,500 psi on a 13/64ths choke. Additional potentially productive intervals within the Red River formation have not yet been tested, but could be tested and possibly produced at a later date. The local pipeline to allow the Solberg 32-2 well to be put on production is expected to be completed before the end of March 2008.

 

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We and other joint interest owners in the Goliath project have recently completed a 10.5 square mile 3-D seismic program in the area around the Solberg 32-2 well and based on interpretation of the data, we see the potential for at least one additional Red River prospect. We expect to continue evaluating our acreage position for additional Red River prospects while we are evaluating the acreage position for potential production from the Bakken formation.
Oil and Gas Drilling Activities
During 2007, we participated in the drilling of a total of twelve gross (5.51 net) wells. Of these wells, four gross (0.81 net) were productive wells and six gross (2.9 net) are not yet completed for production testing. The other two gross (1.8 net) wells drilled in 2007 were shallow dry holes but extended lease lives. Two (.456 net) of the productive wells, the Sims 15-26H and the Hageman 16-34HR, were drilled in the Fetter project, one (.45 net) productive well, the Mills Trust 1-12H was drilled in our Krejci project and one (.119 net) productive well, the Solberg 32-2 well was drilled in our Goliath project. The wells drilled that have not yet completed production testing include the Wallis 16-23 well at Fetter (.23125 net), the Werner 1-14H and State 1-16H wells at Krejci (total of .90 net), the State Deep 7-16 well at West Douglas (.45 net) and two wells drilled in new areas where we are performing initial evaluation (total of 1.12 net).
During 2006, we participated in the drilling of ten gross (1.9 net) productive wells and two gross (.68 net) unproductive wells. Three (.10 net) of the productive wells were drilled in our Big Sky project, which we sold our interest in with the sale of the Big Sky project in March, 2006. We participated in the drilling of four gross (.32) productive wells, and two (.68 net) unproductive wells in projects we deem as peripheral projects to our main focus areas. In our main focus areas, we drilled the productive State 4-36 well (.54 net) in our Fetter project, we drilled the productive Krejci 3-29 well (.45 net) in our Krejci project and we drilled the productive Champion 1-25 well (.50 net) in our Goliath project.
During 2005, we participated in the drilling of 13 gross (.64 net) productive wells at our Big Sky Project. We participated in the drilling of the Sims 16-26 well at our Fetter Project, which resulted in production of natural gas and liquid hydrocarbon, and the Hageman 16-34 well, where drilling operations were temporarily suspended pending receipt of proper drilling equipment. We participated in two gross unproductive wells during 2005—the Rollman 1-29 and the Strock 1-20. We participated with an 87.5% working interest in the Rollman 1-29 at our South Glenburn Prospect and a 37.5% working interest in the Strock 1-20 well drilled at our Fort Fetterman prospect.
Oil and Gas Wells
The following table sets forth the number of oil and natural gas wells located in the United States in which we had a working interest at December 31, 2007.
                                                 
Productive Wells as of December 31, 2007  
    Gross (a)     Net (b)  
Location   Oil     Gas     Total     Oil     Gas     Total  
Wyoming
    4       6       10       1.99       3.09       5.08  
North Dakota
    6             6       .95             .95  
 
                                   
Total
    10       6       16       2.94       3.09       6.03  
 
(a)  
The number of gross wells is the total number of wells in which a working interest is owned.
 
(b)  
The number of net wells is the sum of fractional working interests we own in gross wells expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

 

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Oil and Gas Interests
We currently own interests in the following developed and undeveloped acreage positions. Undeveloped acreage refers to acreage that has not been placed in producing well spacing units. Our net acres are adjusted to include our effective ownership of acreage after RTA earns net acreage in Fetter and West Douglas by completing in the near future all four wells RTA drilled at Fetter and West Douglas in 2007.
                                 
    Developed     Undeveloped  
State   Gross Acres     Net Acres     Gross Acres     Net Acres  
Wyoming
    3,840       1,866       324,870       138,907  
North Dakota
    3,040       800       103,332       32,648  
Other neighboring states
                67,644       48,106  
 
                       
Total
    6,880       2,666       495,846       219,661  
 
                       
The following table presents the net undeveloped acres that we control, the type of lease and the year the leases are scheduled to expire (absent pre-expiration drilling, production or extension) and excluding leases that are held by production at December 31, 2007:
                                         
            Net Undeveloped Acres  
    Year of     Fee     State     Federal     Total for  
    Expiration     Leases     Leases     Leases     All Leases  
Wyoming
    2008       2,412       1,291       10,907       14,610 *
 
    2009       13,703       598       1,375       15,676  
 
    2010       12,952       2,959       5,224       21,135  
 
    2011       8,800       3,213       35,323       47,336  
 
    2012       2,922       1,977       3,061       7,960  
 
    2013       660             3,486       4,146  
 
    2014                   6,594       6,594  
 
    2015                   3,936       3,936  
 
    2016                   11,295       11,295  
 
    2017                   1,650       1,650  
 
                               
Total Wyoming
            41,449       10,038       82,851       134,338  
 
                               
                                         
North Dakota
    2008       9,740                   9,740 **
 
    2009       10,134       457             10,591 **
 
    2010       9,071       1,727             10,798  
 
    2011       1,279                   1,279  
 
    2012       7                   7  
 
    2016                   120       120  
 
                               
Total North Dakota
            30,231       2,184       120       32,535  
 
                               
                                         
Other states
    2008       380                   380  
 
    2009       576                   576  
 
    2011                   7,822       7,822  
 
    2012       1,670       35,230             36,900  
 
    2016       272                   272  
 
                               
Total, other states
            2,898       35,230       7,822       45,950  
 
                               
Total, all states
            74,578       47,452       90,793       212,823  
 
                               
Undeveloped, held by production
                                    6,838  
 
                               
Total undeveloped
                                    219,661  
 
                               
 
*  
We have approximately 1,900 net acres in the Fetter and West Douglas projects expiring in 2008 but under lease agreements that allow the working interest owners to extend the lease life for one to three years, at an average cost of approximately $47 per net acre. We plan to extend those leases relating to our 1,900 net acres.

 

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**  
Of our 9,740 net acres in North Dakota expiring in 2008, approximately 8,047 net acres relate to lease agreements that give the working interest owners the option to extend the lease life for typically two years (some for one year, some others for three years) at an average cost of approximately $51 per acre. The working interest owners plan to extend the leases. Our share of the extension payments will be approximately $410,000. Of our 10,591 net acres in North Dakota expiring in 2009, approximately 9,700 net acres relate to lease agreements with similar extension options (generally for one year, others for two to three years) at a cost of approximately $30 per acre, equating to a $291,000 cost to us for extending the lease life of our 9,700 net acres.
The types of leases represented in this table are comprised of more than 2,000 separate lease agreements, and no one single lease is considered a material component of our acreage position. Fee leases consist of acreage leased from other individuals or companies that own the mineral rights underlying that acreage position. State leases consist of mineral rights underlying acreage controlled by the particular state where the acreage position is located, while federal leases consist of mineral rights underlying acreage controlled by the federal government and managed by the Bureau of Land Management.
Generally, the lease agreements provide that we pay an annual fee, called a delay rental, to retain these leases until such time that a well has been drilled and is producing from the leased lands. At that time, the leased lands are considered to be “held by production” and the lease continues for as long as oil and/or gas production continues. During the period that there is production, we will pay the lessor a royalty based on the revenues received from production. Generally, fee leases provide for royalties of 12.5% to 25%, and state and federal leases provide for royalties of 12.5%. If the leases do not become held by production within the period set forth in the lease, or if we fail to pay the required delay rental obligations, the lease terminates. Generally, fee leases have terms of three to five years, state leases have terms of five to ten years and federal leases have terms of ten years. If we elect not to pay the yearly delay rental fee, the lease would terminate. We could elect not to pay the delay rental fee if we did not believe an area was promising after completing preliminary work or if we did not have sufficient funds.
Our annual aggregate delay rental obligations, if we desire to continue to keep all our leases in effect, are as follows:
         
Year   Rental Obligation  
2008
  $ 247,142  
2009
    239,246  
2010
    212,479  
2011
    90,208  
2012
    46,355  
Thereafter
    89,136  

 

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Production Volumes, Sales Prices and Production Costs
The following table summarizes our net natural gas and oil production volumes, our average sales prices and expenses for the periods indicated. Our production is attributable to our direct interests in producing properties and the production we are allocated from our interest in our drilling programs. For these purposes, our net production will be production that is owned by us either directly or indirectly through our drilling programs, after deducting royalty, limited partner and other similar interests. The lease operating expenses shown relates to our net production.
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
Production:
                       
Natural gas (MMcf)
    139.6       48.2       59.7  
Oil (Bbls)
    17,267       34,578       78,954  
Total equivalents (Bbls)
    40,532       42,603       88,910  
Average Sales Price Per Unit:
                       
Natural gas (per Mcf)
  $ 6.09     $ 7.53     $ 7.31  
Oil (per Bbl)
  $ 64.11     $ 54.79     $ 53.89  
Weighted average (per Boe)
  $ 48.27     $ 52.97     $ 52.77  
Expenses (per Boe)
  $ 15.94     $ 6.83     $ 2.77  
Office Facilities
We lease 6,844 square feet at 1050 17th Street, Suite 2400, Denver, Colorado. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current operations and that we can obtain additional leased space if needed. Our obligation to provide aggregate monthly rental payments is as follows:
         
    Annual Rental  
Year   Amount  
2008
  $ 152,564  
2009
  $ 155,986  
2010
  $ 159,408  
2011
  $ 162,820  
2012
  $ 166,252  
Thereafter
  $ 69,866  
Item 3: Legal Proceedings
There are no legal proceedings filed, or to our knowledge, threatened against or involving the Company.
Item 4: Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2007.
PART II
Item 5: Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common shares are traded on the American Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “AEZ.” The table below sets forth the high and low sales prices for our common stock in each quarter of the last two fiscal years.

 

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    Common Stock Price  
    High     Low  
2006
               
Quarter ended March 31, 2006
  $ 5.29     $ 3.20  
Quarter ended June 30, 2006
  $ 5.19     $ 4.10  
Quarter ended September 30, 2006
  $ 6.55     $ 4.57  
Quarter ended December 31, 2006
  $ 8.01     $ 4.70  
 
               
2007
               
Quarter ended March 31, 2007
  $ 6.33     $ 5.19  
Quarter ended June 30, 2007
  $ 6.78     $ 4.30  
Quarter ended September 30, 2007
  $ 6.84     $ 5.39  
Quarter ended December 31, 2007
  $ 7.70     $ 5.55  
On March 10, 2008, the closing sales price for our common stock as reported by AMEX was $4.10 per share.
Holders
As of March 10, 2008, there were approximately 71 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividend Policy
We have not declared a cash dividend on our common stock, and we do not anticipate the payment of future dividends. There are no restrictions that currently limit our ability to pay dividends on our common stock other than those generally imposed by applicable state law.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
We did not repurchase any of our equity securities in 2007.
Performance Graph
As required by applicable rules of the SEC, the performance graph shown below was prepared based upon the assumption that $100 was invested in our common stock at $0.25 per share on January 17, 2003, and $100 was invested in each of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the Standard and Poor’s Small Cap 600 Index-Energy Sector at the closing price on January 17, 2003. January 17, 2003 is the day we changed our name to American Oil & Gas, Inc., to more accurately reflect the expected change in our operational focus to oil and gas exploration and production.

 

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(PERFORMACE GRAPH)
                                                 
    1/17/03     12/31/03     12/31/04     12/31/05     12/31/06     12/31/07  
American Oil & Gas, Inc.
  $ 100.00     $ 275.59     $ 1,082.68     $ 1,594.49     $ 2,562.99     $ 2,283.46  
S&P Small Cap 600-Energy
  $ 100.00     $ 131.55     $ 200.88     $ 305.69     $ 359.57     $ 443.74  
S&P 500
  $ 100.00     $ 125.23     $ 138.50     $ 145.09     $ 166.82     $ 175.39  
Item 6: Selected Consolidated Financial Data
The following table presents selected financial and operating data for the Company as of and for the periods indicated. It should be read in conjunction with “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our financial statements and the related notes and other information included in this annual report. The selected financial data as of December 31, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003 has been derived from our financial statements, which were audited by our independent auditors, and were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period.
                                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (in thousands, except per share data)  
Statement of Operations Data:
                                       
Production Revenues
  $ 1,957     $ 2,257     $ 4,691     $ 746     $ 98  
Service fee and other revenues
    12       1,530                    
Operating expenses:
                                       
Lease operating expenses
    646       291       246       80       38  
Impairment expense
          4,360                    
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    1,267       1,153       1,532       188       33  
Accretion of asset retirement obligation
    24       11       6       5       3  
General and administrative
    4,308       4,009       2,032       945       825  
 
                             
Total operating expenses
    6,245       9,824       3,816       1,218       899  
 
                             
Operating income (loss)
    (4,276 )     (6,037 )     875       (472 )     (801 )
Other income (expense)
                                       
Investment income
    1,021       393       204       34        

 

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    Year Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (in thousands, except per share data)  
Gain (loss) on sale of securities
    (15 )                        
Impairment of securities investment
    (952 )                        
Gain on sale of oil and gas properties
          7,159                    
Interest expense
    (6 )                        
 
                             
Total other income (expense)
    48       7,552       204       34        
 
                             
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (4,228 )     1,515       1,079       (438 )     (801 )
Income tax provision
    1,485       (304 )     (46 )            
 
                             
Net Income (loss)
    (2,743 )     1,211       1,033       (438 )     (801 )
Less: deemed dividend on warrant
    (450 )                        
Less: dividends on preferred stock
    (603 )     (1,080 )     (479 )     (62 )     (18 )
 
                             
Net Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ (3,796 )   $ 131     $ 554     $ (500 )   $ (819 )
 
                             
Income (loss) per common share:
                                       
Basic
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02     $ (0.02 )   $ (0.03 )
Diluted
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02     $ (0.02 )   $ (0.03 )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
                                       
Basic
    44,384       37,429       34,148       25,211       23,781  
Diluted
    44,384       38,142       34,956       25,211       23,781  
Selected Cash Flow and Other Financial Data:
                                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (2,743 )   $ 1,211     $ 1,033     $ (438 )   $ (801 )
Less gains on sales of oil and gas properties
          (7,159 )                  
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    1,267       1,153       1,532       188       33  
Impairment
          4,360                    
Net loss on sales of securities
    15                          
Other non-cash items
    582       308       466       411       237  
Changes in current assets and liabilities
    (292 )     1,496       (1,163 )     (567 )     (67 )
 
                             
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities
  $ (1,171 )   $ 1,369     $ 1,868     $ (406 )   $ (598 )
 
                             
Purchases of short-term investments in securities
  $ 28,750     $     $     $     $  
Cash proceeds from sale of short-term investments
  $ 12,361     $     $     $     $  
Capital expenditures
  $ 16,214     $ 16,152     $ 14,147     $ 2,895     $ 1,734  
Cash proceeds from sales of oil and gas properties
  $ 777     $ 16,067     $     $ 1,582     $  
 
                                       
Balance Sheet Data:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 2,388     $ 7,488     $ 6,023     $ 5,252     $ 1,066  
Other current assets
    19,408       10,013       1,679       313       113  
Oil and natural gas properties, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment
    53,402       38,869       24,921       3,481       1,924  
Other property and equipment, net of depreciation
    230       252       58       6       7  
Other assets
    12,663       12,514       13,094              
 
                             
Total assets
  $ 88,091     $ 69,136     $ 45,775     $ 9,052     $ 3,110  
 
                             
Current liabilities
    1,831       4,656       1,434       127       426  
Long term liabilities
    1,383       2,392       2,010       41       31  
Stockholders’ equity
    84,877       62,088       42,331       8,884       2,653  
 
                             
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 88,091     $ 69,136     $ 45,775     $ 9,052     $ 3,110  
 
                             

 

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Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Introduction
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the “Selected Financial Data” and the accompanying financial statements and related notes included elsewhere herein. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, market prices for natural gas and oil, economic and competitive conditions, regulatory changes, estimates of proved reserves, potential failure to achieve production from development projects, capital expenditures and other uncertainties, as well as those factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A: Risk Factors,” all of which are difficult to predict. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur.
Overview
We focus our oil and natural gas exploration, exploitation and developmental operations on projects located in the western United States. We have funded our operations with a combination of cash received from the sale of our equity, cash flow generated from oil and gas operations, and from proceeds received from the sale of certain of our oil and gas assets. We intend to increase stockholder value by profitably growing reserves and production primarily through drilling operations. Our company began oil and gas operations in January 2003, with the purchase of interests in undeveloped acreage from two private companies—Denver, Colorado based Tower Colombia Corporation (“TCC”) and Casper, Wyoming based North Finn LLC. In April 2005, we completed a merger with TCC and we currently retain a strategic alliance with North Finn. We currently own interests in approximately 503,000 gross (222,000 net) acres primarily in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming and in the Williston Basin of North Dakota. In addition to focusing on drilling within our existing projects, we expect to continue to evaluate opportunities to expand our project portfolio.
We believe that our existing project portfolio provides us with the opportunity to rapidly grow reserves and cash flow if we are able to prove that our acreage positions can be developed in a commercial fashion. A number of unprofitable wells may need to be drilled while we test various drilling, completion and stimulation methods.
We have been able to reduce or eliminate our financial exposure in the initial drilling in our projects by creating joint venture arrangements that provide for others to pay for all or a disproportionate share of the initial drilling costs. This has allowed us to move forward in drilling a greater number of wells than if we were to drill these wells on our own. We expect to continue to use industry relationships to partially or completely fund initial drilling.
Within the main focus areas of our existing project portfolio, we expect the following drilling activity, and our share of the cost of that drilling activity to occur in 2008:
                         
            Approximate     Expected net  
    Expected     working     capital  
Project   2008 wells     interest     required  
 
                  (in millions)  
Fetter project — Converse County, WY
    3-6       70 %   $ 11-21  
Krejci project — Niobrara County, WY
    1-2       45 %   $ 2-4  
Goliath project — Williams County, ND
    1-2       50 %   $ 2-4  
 
                 
Total drilling activity
    5-10             $ 15-29  

 

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We have not entered into any commodity derivative arrangements or hedging transactions. Although we have no current plans to do so, we may enter into commodity swap and/or hedging transactions in the future in conjunction with oil and gas production. We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We currently do not generate meaningful cash flow from our oil and natural gas operating activities, even though our future depends on our ability to generate oil and natural gas operating cash flow. We recognize that net cash generated from operating activities is a function of production volumes and commodity prices, both of which are inherently volatile and unpredictable, as well as operating efficiency and capital spending. Our business is a depleting one in which each barrel of oil equivalent produced must be replaced or our asset base and capacity to generate revenues in the future will shrink.
Our primary cash requirements are for exploration, development and acquisition of oil and gas properties. We have historically funded our oil and natural gas activities primarily through the sale of our equity, from the sale of certain oil and gas assets and to a lesser extent, internally generated cash flows.
Due to our active oil and natural gas activities, we currently anticipate capital requirements in 2008 to be approximately $22 million. Approximately $15 million is allocated to our expected drilling and production activities; $4 million is allocated to land, and geological and geophysical activities; and $3 million relates to our general and administrative expenses. We expect to be able to fund these capital expenditures, other commitments and working capital requirements with existing capital and expected cash flow from operations. However, we may elect to raise additional capital through the sale of debt or equity. We may expand or reduce our capital expenditures depending on, among other things, the results of future wells, and our available capital.
As of December 31, 2007, we had $17,325,000 in short-term investments in AAA credit-rated Auction Market Preferred Stocks (AMPS) issued by various U.S. mutual funds. These auction rate securities normally provide liquidity via an auction process occurring every 7 days or every 28 days, at which time the dividend rate is reset. Dividends on these securities are paid on the day after the scheduled auction date. Recently, these auctions and similar auctions have had insufficient bids to buy the securities from those wishing to sell. On March 14, 2008, we owned auction-rate securities with a par value of $17,250,000 that we could not immediately liquidate at par value. To increase our cash balances to approximately $9,600,000, we borrowed $8,600,000 on March 14, 2008 from an affiliate of our broker. The loan is secured by our AMPS investments and matures on September 30, 2008. The note payable bears interest currently approximating a 5.5% annual rate. The rate will change with changes in the overnight LIBOR. We plan to pay the interest from the AMPS weekly and monthly dividends, which on average currently approximate a 4.5% annual rate and are typically set at 125% to 150% of LIBOR or AA Commercial Paper rates for the payment month.
We seek to liquidate our AMPS as soon as possible. Our $17,250,000 in AMPS were issued by closed-end taxable US mutual funds investing in corporate securities, rather than muni tax-free securities. Closed-end mutual funds managed by Calamos Advisors LLC (“Calamos”) issued $11,250,000 of our AMPS. On March 3, 2008, Calamos issued a statement that it is evaluating solutions to provide liquidity to AMPS holders and that the solution Calamos settles upon as a sponsor “must address our intent to return dollar for dollar the investment that preferred security holders entrusted to the funds . . .” Eaton Vance and Nuveen, the managers of sixteen similar taxable closed end funds have recently announced that they have arranged debt financing to allow their taxable closed-end mutual funds to redeem fully or begin redeeming their $5.9 billion of AMPS. On March 11, 2008, the Federal Reserve announced a program to provide up to $200 billion in short-term Treasury securities to major Wall Street investment firms and banks.
If we are able to redeem or sell at par value our $11,250,000 in Calamos AMPS in April, we believe we could still borrow $3,000,000 on the remaining $6,000,000 of AMPS. In addition to taking our AMPS for sale at their 7-day and 28-day auctions, we are evaluating other liquidity options. If, and to the extent, we are unable to substantially liquidate the AMPS in 2008, we may need to raise cash by other means to fully fund our future capital expenditures.

 

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Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities
Cash flows provided (used) by operating activities were ($1.2) million, $1.4 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The $2.6 million decrease in operating cash flow in 2007 compared with 2006 is primarily due to a $1.7 million decline in oil and gas revenue receipts (largely arising from the March 31, 2006 sale of our Big Sky project). Cash-basis general and administrative payments increased by $1.1 million in 2007 compared with 2006. Investment income increased $0.6 million in 2007 compared with 2006 from short-term investment of cash proceeds from the sale of our Big Sky project. The decrease in operating cash flow from 2005 to 2006 primarily occurred due to our sale of our Big Sky project in March of 2006.
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities
Our net cash used in investing activities for 2007 was $31.8 million. In 2007 we invested $28.8 million in short-term investments and sold in 2007 $12.4 million of those investments to fund in 2007 a substantial portion of our capital expenditures. Our oil and natural gas operations are capital intensive, and we invest a substantial portion of our available capital in the acquisition, exploration and development of our oil and gas properties. We used during 2007 $16.2 million of cash for capital expenditures relating to our oil and natural gas operations. We received in 2007 approximately $0.8 million in cash relating to a 2006 sale of oil and gas assets. Capital expenditures of $11.4 million were attributable to our share of the drilling and completion of several wells: $1.5 million for completing five wells drilled in 2006, $1.2 million for three wells drilled and substantially completed in 2007, $0.1 million for two shallow dry holes in 2007 and $8.6 million for five wells begun in 2007 and to be completed in 2008. In 2007, RTA paid 100% of the costs of four new wells in which we retained working interests equivalent to 1.1 net wells. Other spending included $4.4 million primarily attributable to acquisitions of additional leases.
During 2007, we participated in the drilling of a total of twelve gross (5.51 net) wells. Of these wells, four gross (0.81 net) were productive wells and six gross (2.9 net) are not yet completed for production testing. The other two gross (1.8 net) wells drilled in 2007 were shallow dry holes that extended lease lives.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, we used $15.9 million relating to our oil and natural gas operations, and we used $240,000 primarily for the acquisition of furniture and equipment relating to our office move. We offset these amounts by selling oil and gas assets for approximately $16.1 million, leaving our net capital used in investing activities for 2006 at $86,000. Capital expenditures of $11.1 million were attributable to the drilling of twelve gross wells, ten of which were successful. Other spending included $4.8 million primarily attributable to land holdings and capitalized G&A.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, we used $14.1 million in investing activities. Capital expenditures of $9.9 million were attributable to the drilling of seventeen gross wells, fifteen of which were successful. Other spending included $4.2 million attributable to land holdings and $56,000 of capital expenditures associated with computer hardware, office furniture and equipment.
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities
Cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 came primarily from net proceeds from the sale of common stock of $26.6 million with an additional $1.3 million received from the exercise of warrants and options. For the year ended December 31, 2006 cash flows provided by financing activities of $183,000 came from the exercise of warrants and options. For the year ended December 31, 2005, cash flows provided by financing activities totaled $13.1 million. We received $12.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of our series AA convertible preferred stock and received $153,000 from the exercise of common stock warrants exercised in 2005.
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
We recorded a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $(3,795,912) ($(0.09) per common share, basic and diluted) for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to net income attributable to common stockholders of $131,223 ($.00 per common share, basic and diluted) for the year ended December 31, 2006. For 2007, we recognized $12,000 of other revenues but had no gains from property sales, no service fee revenues and no impairment expense. Included in the net income for 2006 are (i) $7,159,470 in gains ($4,431,712 after tax effect) from the sale of oil and gas properties, (ii) $1,530,000 in service fee revenue and (iii) impairment expense of $4,360,000.

 

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Oil and Gas Operations
For 2007, we had total oil and gas revenues of $1,956,508 compared with $2,256,839 for 2006. Oil and gas sales and production costs for each year are summarized in the table that follows. Oil sales volumes decreased in 2007 compared with 2006 due to the sale of our interests in the oil producing wells in the Big Sky project. Gas sales volumes increased in 2007 over 2006 largely due to gas produced and sold from a new well in our Fetter project.
                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
Oil sold (barrels)
    17,267       34,578  
Average oil price
  $ 64.11     $ 54.79  
 
           
Oil revenue
  $ 1,107,054     $ 1,894,386  
 
           
 
               
Gas sold (mcf)
    139,590       48,149  
Average gas price
  $ 6.09     $ 7.53  
 
           
Gas revenue
  $ 849,454     $ 362,453  
 
           
 
               
Total oil and gas revenues
  $ 1,956,508     $ 2,256,839  
Less lease operating expenses
    (646,000 )     (290,803 )
Less oil & gas amortization expense
    (1,021,817 )     (937,821 )
Less accretion of discount
    (23,767 )     (11,213 )
Less impairments
          (4,360,000 )
 
           
Producing revenues less direct expenses
    264,924       (3,342,998 )
Less intangible asset amortization
    (180,000 )     (180,000 )
Less depreciation of office facilities
    (65,225 )     (35,412 )
Less general and administrative expenses
    (4,307,997 )     (4,009,019 )
Add service fee revenue and other revenues
    12,000       1,530,000  
 
           
Income (loss) from operations
  $ (4,276,298 )   $ (6,037,429 )
 
           
Total barrels of oil equivalent (“boe”) sold
    40,532       42,603  
Lease operating expense per boe sold
  $ 15.94     $ 6.83  
Amortization expense per boe sold
  $ 25.21     $ 22.01  
Impairments
We use the full-cost accounting method, which requires recognition of an impairment of oil and gas properties when the total capitalized costs (net of related deferred income taxes) exceed a “ceiling”. Our initial ceiling test calculation as of December 31, 2007, using oil and gas prices on that date indicated an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties of approximately $1.4 million, net of income tax. However, SEC guidance in applying the ceiling test requires consideration of subsequent price increases prior to the filing of the Form 10-K. With consideration of oil and gas prices at the end of February 2008, the ceiling exceeded total capitalized costs, eliminating the calculated impairment. As a result, we did not recognize an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties at December 31, 2007 under the full-cost method of accounting.
For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded an impairment against our evaluated oil and gas properties in the amount of $4.36 million. A substantial portion of the impairment occurred during the fourth quarter and results from being unable to complete the Fetter project State 4-36 well in a fashion as originally planned, which reduced the estimate of proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 for the well. We did not record any impairment for the year ended December 31, 2005.
General and Administrative Expenses
We recorded $4.3 million and $4.0 million in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. The $0.3 million increase in 2007 compared with 2006 is due primarily to a $187,000 (7%) net increase in employee compensation and a $109,000 (39%) increase in costs of financial auditing and attestation of internal controls over financial reporting. In 2007, we increased our number of employees from thirteen to fifteen (15%) but reduced employee share-based compensation by $233,000 (19%).

 

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Service Fee Revenue in 2006
In 2006 we received a $1,530,000 convertible note from GSL Energy Corp. as a Service Fee for successfully assisting in acquiring additional Montana lease acreage that was not suitable for our acreage portfolio. We subsequently converted the $1,530,000 note into 3,060,000 shares of GSL common stock at $0.50 per share. GSL subsequently merged into publicly held PetroHunter Energy Corp. We did not generate any service fee revenue in 2007 or in 2005.
Gains on Sales in 2006 of Oil and Gas Properties
We recorded $7.2 million in gains from the sale of oil and gas properties ($4.4 million after tax effect) during the year ended December 31, 2006. The reconciliations of the gains on the sales are as follows:
                                 
    Big Sky     Bear Creek     Goliath     Totals  
Contract sales price
  $ 11,500,000     $ 1,080,000     $ 6,165,520     $ 18,745,520  
Effective date adjustments
    (821,496 )                 (821,496 )
 
                       
Adjusted sales price
    10,678,504       1,080,000       6,165,520       17,924,024  
Allocated capitalized costs using the relative fair market value method required under full cost accounting
    (6,416,650 )     (648,443 )     (3,699,461 )     (10,764,554 )
 
                       
Recognized gains on sales of oil and gas properties
  $ 4,261,854     $ 431,557     $ 2,466,059     $ 7,159,470  
 
                       
Investment Income
We recorded $1,020,712 and $392,930 in investment income for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in investment income results from higher short-term interest rates in 2007 and from our short-term investment of approximately $26 million in net cash proceeds from the sale of common stock in April 2007.
Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded a $ (1,484,984) provision for deferred income taxes and recorded a $303,748 provision for the year ended December 31, 2006. The $1,484,984 deferred tax reduction is 35.1% of the $4,228,366 net loss for 2007 as compared to a 36.5% combined statutory rate for federal and state income taxes.
Dividends
For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded $1,080,000 million from dividends attributable to our 250,000 shares of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock, outstanding throughout 2006. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded $602,430 of preferred stock dividends. The 44% decline from 2006 is due to approximately 45% of preferred shares outstanding during 2006 being converted to common stock in early January 2007. In 2007, we recorded $450,000 deemed dividends for the estimated fair value of warrant extensions in 2007. We had no warrant extensions in 2006.
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
We recorded net income attributable to common stockholders of $131,223 (income of $0.00 per common share, basic and diluted) for the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to a net income attributable to common stockholders of $553,629 (income of $.02 per common share, basic and diluted) for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

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Oil and Gas Operations
For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded total oil and gas revenues of $2,256,839 compared with $4,691,381 for the year ended December 31, 2005. The primary reason for the revenue decline is the sale on March 31, 2006 of our interest in the Big Sky producing property that accounted for substantially all of our revenues in 2005 through March 31, 2006. Oil and gas sales and production costs are summarized in the table that follows.
                 
    Year ended December 31,  
    2006     2005  
Oil sold (barrels)
    34,578       78,954  
Average oil price
  $ 54.79     $ 53.89  
 
           
Oil revenue
  $ 1,894,386     $ 4,254,944  
 
           
 
               
Gas sold (mcf)
    48,149       59,733  
Average gas price
  $ 7.53     $ 7.31  
 
           
Gas revenue
  $ 362,453     $ 436,437  
 
           
 
               
Total oil and gas revenues
  $ 2,256,839     $ 4,691,381  
Less lease operating expenses
    (290,803 )     (246,134 )
Less oil & gas amortization expense
    (937,821 )     (1,406,856 )
Less accretion of discount
    (11,213 )     (5,608 )
Less impairments
    (4,360,000 )      
 
           
Producing revenues less direct expenses
    (3,342,998 )     3,032,783  
Less intangible asset amortization
    (180,000 )     (120,000 )
Less depreciation of office facilities
    (35,412 )     (5,555 )
Less general and administrative expenses
    (4,009,019 )     (2,032,256 )
Add service fee revenue
    1,530,000        
 
           
Income (loss) from operations
  $ (6,037,429 )   $ 874,972  
 
           
Total barrels of oil equivalent (“boe”) sold
    42,603       88,910  
Lease operating expense per boe sold
  $ 6.83     $ 2.77  
Amortization expense per boe sold
  $ 22.01     $ 15.82  
General and administrative expenses
We recorded $4.0 million and $2.0 million in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. The primary differences is $1.2 million recorded for the year ended December 31, 2006 pursuant to our January 1, 2006 adoption of FAS 123(R) share based payments; an increase in salaries and salaries related expense of $600,000 which results from increasing the number of full time employees hired to support our expanding oil and gas operations, from eight employees at December 31, 2005, to thirteen employees at December 31, 2006; and an increase in accounting and audit related expenses of $151,000 due to our implementation of controls and procedures required pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley.
Investment Income
We recorded $304,000 and $46,000 in investment income for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. In 2006 and 2005, we typically invested our excess cash in short term investments and money market accounts. The increase in investment income results from a higher excess cash balance and from higher interest rates in 2006 over 2005.
Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded a $303,748 provision for deferred income taxes and recorded a $46,245 provision for the year ended December 31, 2005. The $303,748 provision reflects a projected 20% effective deferred tax rate for 2006. The effective rate is lower than the 38.1% statutory rate due primarily to percentage depletion in excess of cost depletion.

 

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Preferred Dividends
For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded $1.08 million from dividends attributable to our outstanding Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock, which was outstanding for the full year. For the year ended December 31, 2005, we recorded $478,498 in preferred dividends attributable to our outstanding Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock, which was represents dividends payable from July 22, 2005 through December 31, 2005 and $844 from our then outstanding Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock was converted into common shares during January 2005.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Full Cost Accounting Method
We use the full cost method of accounting for our oil and gas properties. Under this method, all acquisition, exploration, development and estimated abandonment costs, including certain related employee costs and general and administrative costs (less any reimbursements for such costs), incurred for the purpose of acquiring and finding oil and gas are capitalized. Unevaluated property costs are excluded from the amortization base until we have made a determination as to the existence of proved reserves on the respective property or impairment. We review our unevaluated properties at the end of each quarter to determine whether the costs should be reclassified to the full cost pool and thereby subject to amortization. Sales of oil and gas properties are accounted for as adjustments to the net full cost pool with no gain or loss recognized, unless the adjustment would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves. We amortize our investment in oil and gas properties through DD&A using the units of production method. Under the units of production method, the quarterly provision for DD&A is computed by dividing production volumes for the period by the total proved reserves as of the beginning of the period, and applying the respective rate to the net cost of proved oil and gas properties, including future development costs. We capitalize the portion of salaries, general and administrative expenses that are attributable to our acquisition, exploration and development activities. Under the full cost method of accounting, we compare, at the end of each financial reporting period, the present value of estimated future net cash flows from proved reserves (based on period-end hedge adjusted commodity prices and excluding cash flows related to estimated abandonment costs), to the net capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties, net of related deferred taxes. This comparison is referred to as a “ceiling test.” If the net capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties exceed the estimated discounted future net cash flows from proved reserves, we are required to write-down the value of our oil and gas properties to the value of the discounted cash flows.
Revenue Recognition
We record revenues from the sales of natural gas and oil when in the month that delivery to the customer has occurred and title has transferred. This occurs when natural gas or oil has been delivered to a pipeline or a tank lifting has occurred. We receive payment from one to three months after delivery. At the end of each month, we estimate the amount of production delivered to purchasers and the price we will receive. Variances between our estimated revenue and actual payment are recorded in the month the payment is received. However, differences have been insignificant.
Natural Gas Imbalances
We may have an interest with other producers in certain properties, in which case we use the sales method to account for natural gas imbalances. Under this method, revenue is recorded on the basis of natural gas we actually sell. In addition, we may record revenue for our share of natural gas sold by other owners that cannot be volumetrically balanced in the future due to insufficient remaining reserves. We also reduce revenue for other owners’ natural gas we sell that cannot be volumetrically balanced in the future due to insufficient remaining reserves. Our remaining over-and under-produced gas balancing positions are considered in our proved reserves. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006 our produced natural gas volumes were in balance.

 

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Asset Retirement Obligation
Our accounting for asset retirement obligations is governed by SFAS No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations”. This statement requires us to record our estimate of the fair value of liabilities related to future asset retirement obligations in the period the obligation is incurred. Asset retirement obligations relate to the removal of facilities and tangible equipment at the end of an oil and gas property’s useful life. The adoption of SFAS No. 143 requires the use of management’s estimates with respect to future abandonment costs, inflation, market risk premiums, useful life and cost of capital. As required by SFAS No. 143, our estimate of our asset retirement obligations does not give consideration to the value the related assets could have to other parties.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the financial statements and consist of taxes currently payable plus deferred income taxes related to certain income and expenses recognized in different periods for financial and income tax reporting purposes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when assets are recovered or settled. Deferred income taxes are also recognized for tax credits that are available to offset future income taxes. Deferred income taxes are measured by applying currently enacted tax rates to the differences between financial statement and income tax reporting. We routinely assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized under accounting standards, the tax asset would be reduced by a valuation allowance. We consider future taxable income in making such assessments. Numerous judgments and assumptions are inherent in the determination of future taxable income, including factors such as future operating conditions (particularly as related to prevailing oil and natural gas prices).
Stock-based Compensation
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 123(R), which revises SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. We adopted the provisions of the new standard effective January 1, 2006. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we used the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25 and the disclosure only provisions of SFAS No. 123. We recorded non-cash stock-based compensation of $1.5 million, $414,000, and $406,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, which eliminates the exemption from applying SFAS 133 to interests in securitized financial assets so that similar instruments are accounted for similarly regardless of the instrument’s form. SFAS 155 allows the election of fair value measurement at acquisition, at issuance, or when a previously recognized financial instrument is subject to a re-measurement event. Adoption is required for all financial instruments acquired or issued by the Company after 2006. We adopted SFAS 155 effective January 1, 2007, but adoption did not have a material effect on our financial statements.
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets, which requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value. SFAS 156 permits, but does not require, the subsequent measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value. We do not have servicing assets or servicing liabilities to which SFAS 156 relates. We adopted SFAS 156 effective January 1, 2007, but adoption did not have a material effect on our financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), effective for the Company on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interim accounting and disclosure. We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007, but adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

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In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-1 and FSP 157-2, which amend SFAS 157. FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157 to exclude certain lease transactions accounted for under other accounting pronouncements. FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for one year for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). We are adopting SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2008 except the effective date is January 1, 2009 for certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities as provided in FSP 157-2. Management does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on our financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pensions and other Postretirement Plans. We do not have postretirement plans.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. SFAS No. 159 applies to all entities and is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We elected not to adopt the fair value option for assets and liabilities held on the January 1, 2008 effective date. We do not expect SFAS 159 to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In December 2007 the FASB issued SFAS 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB 51, which establishes accounting and reporting standards with regards to non-controlling interests, previously known as minority interests. We are required to adopt SFAS No. 160 on January 1, 2009, but we have no non-controlling interests. We do not expect SFAS 160 to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In December 2007 the FASB issued SFAS 141(Revised 2007), Business Combinations, which significantly changes the financial accounting and reporting of many business combination transactions, with an emphasis on valuing at fair value as of the acquisition date the related acquired assets and liabilities and any non-controlling interests of the acquired business. We are required to adopt SFAS 141(R) on January 1, 2009, and it would apply prospectively, i.e., to any acquisitions we make on or after that date.
Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Commodity Price Risk
Because of our relatively low level of current oil and gas production, we are not exposed to a great degree of market risk relating to the pricing applicable to our oil and natural gas production. However, our ability to raise additional capital at attractive pricing, our future revenues from oil and gas operations, our future profitability and future rate of growth depend substantially upon the market prices of oil and natural gas, which fluctuate widely. We expect commodity price volatility to continue. We do not currently utilize hedging contracts to protect against commodity price risk. As our oil and gas production grows, we may manage our exposure to oil and natural gas price declines by entering into oil and natural gas price hedging arrangements to secure a price for a portion of our expected future oil and natural gas production.
Operating Cost Risk
We have experienced rising operating costs which impacts our cash flow from operating activities and profitability.
We recognize that rising operating costs could continue and continued rising operating costs would negatively impact our oil and gas operations.

 

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Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our $17,250,000 in short-term investments in auction market preferred stock or ARMS, and the recent borrowing of $8,600,000 secured by those ARMS. Both the ARMS dividend rate and the relate note’s interest rate are factors of short-term index rates, such as LIBOR. An immediate 20% increase in short-term interest rates would have an insignificant increase in dividend income and be substantially offset by the increase in interest expense on the recent borrowing.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors
American Oil & Gas, Inc.

We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of American Oil & Gas, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of American Oil & Gas, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), American Oil & Gas, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of American Oil & Gas, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ HEIN & ASSOCIATES LLP

Denver, Colorado
March 14, 2008

 

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AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2007 AND 2006
                 
    2007     2006  
ASSETS
               
CURRENT ASSETS
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 2,388,219     $ 7,488,474  
Short-term investments
    18,302,900       8,456,400  
Trade receivables
    566,789       336,188  
Receivable for sale of oil and gas properties
          777,461  
Prepaid expenses
    149,440       402,287  
Inventory
    40,904       40,904  
Current deferred tax assets
    347,658        
 
           
Total current assets
    21,795,910       17,501,714  
 
           
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, AT COST
               
Oil and gas properties, full cost method (including unevaluated costs of $40,937,747 at 12/31/07 and $33,263,390 at 12/31/06)
    56,987,732       41,424,253  
Other property and equipment
    338,614       295,485  
 
           
Total property and equipment
    57,326,346       41,719,738  
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
    (3,694,805 )     (2,598,581 )
 
           
Net property and equipment
    53,631,541       39,121,157  
 
           
INTANGIBLE AND OTHER ASSETS
               
Goodwill
    11,670,468       11,670,468  
Other intangible asset
    420,000       600,000  
Drilling prepayments
    542,876       233,058  
Other assets
    30,385       10,000  
 
           
 
  $ 88,091,180     $ 69,136,397  
 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
CURRENT LIABILITIES
               
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
  $ 1,568,806     $ 1,964,000  
Asset retirement obligations
          40,321  
Deferred income taxes
          2,172,785  
Preferred dividends payable
    261,648       479,342  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    1,830,454       4,656,448  
 
           
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
               
Asset retirement obligations
    323,369       194,947  
Deferred income taxes
    1,060,003       2,197,329  
 
           
Total long-term liabilities
    1,383,372       2,392,276  
 
           
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 13)
               
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Series AA preferred stock, $.001 par value, authorized 400,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 138,000 shares at 12/31/07 and 250,000 shares at 12/31/06; redemption value of $7,713,648 at 12/31/07 and $13,979,342 at 12/31/06
    138       250  
Common stock, $.001 par value, authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding shares: 46,434,063 at 12/31/07 and 38,927,114 at 12/31/06
    46,434       38,927  
Additional paid-in capital
    89,426,687       59,174,874  
Accumulated deficit
    (4,595,905 )     (799,993 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
          3,673,615  
 
           
Total equity
    84,877,354       62,087,673  
 
           
 
  $ 88,091,180     $ 69,136,397  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
REVENUES
                       
Oil and gas sales
  $ 1,956,508     $ 2,256,839     $ 4,691,381  
Service fee and other revenues
    12,000       1,530,000        
 
                 
Total revenues
    1,968,508       3,786,839       4,691,381  
 
                 
OPERATING EXPENSES
                       
Lease operating
    646,000       290,803       246,134  
General and administrative
    4,307,997       4,009,019       2,032,256  
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
    1,267,042       1,153,233       1,532,411  
Accretion of asset retirement obligation
    23,767       11,213       5,608  
Impairments
          4,360,000        
 
                 
Total operating expenses
    6,244,806       9,824,268       3,816,409  
 
                 
 
                       
 
                 
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
    (4,276,298 )     (6,037,429 )     874,972  
 
                 
 
                       
OTHER INCOME
                       
Gains on sales of oil and gas properties
          7,159,470        
Gain (loss) on sale of securities
    (14,518 )            
Impairment of securities investment
    (952,100 )            
Interest expense
    (6,162 )            
Investment income
    1,020,712       392,930       204,244  
 
                 
Total other income
    47,932       7,552,400       204,244  
 
                 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    (4,228,366 )     1,514,971       1,079,216  
Income tax expense —current
                 
Income tax expense (reduction) —deferred
    (1,484,984 )     303,748       46,245  
 
                 
NET INCOME (LOSS)
    (2,743,382 )     1,211,223       1,032,971  
Less dividends on preferred stock
    (602,530 )     (1,080,000 )     (479,342 )
Less deemed dividends on warrant extensions
    (450,000 )            
 
                 
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
  $ (3,795,912 )   $ 131,223     $ 553,629  
 
                 
 
                       
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE:
                       
Basic
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02  
Diluted
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02  
 
                       
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
                       
Basic
    44,383,861       37,428,506       34,148,065  
Diluted
    44,383,861       38,142,011       34,955,624  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (2,743,382 )   $ 1,211,223     $ 1,032,971  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
                       
Gains on sales of oil and gas properties
          (7,159,470 )      
Service fee received in the form of a convertible note
          (1,530,000 )      
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
    1,267,042       1,153,233       1,532,411  
Accretion of asset retirement obligation
    23,767       11,213       5,608  
Deferred income taxes
    (1,484,984 )     303,748       46,245  
Share-based compensation
    1,091,677       1,522,219       413,764  
Impairment provision
          4,360,000        
Unrealized loss on investment in securities
    952,100              
Net loss on sales of securities
    14,518              
Changes in current assets and current liabilities:
                       
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables
    (230,601 )     1,145,355       (1,222,695 )
Decrease (increase) in yard inventory
                (40,904 )
Decrease (increase) in advances and prepaid expenses
    252,847       (245,812 )     (745,425 )
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    (314,090 )     596,935       845,933  
 
                 
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities
    (1,171,106 )     1,368,644       1,867,908  
 
                 
 
                       
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                       
Cash purchases of short-term investments in securities
    (28,750,000 )            
Cash proceeds from sale of short-term investments
    12,360,482              
Cash proceeds from sales of oil and gas properties
    777,461       16,066,563        
Cash paid for oil and gas properties
    (15,841,067 )     (15,913,075 )     (14,091,540 )
Cash paid for office equipment and software
    (43,129 )     (229,178 )     (55,913 )
Drilling prepayments and other long-term assets
    (330,203 )     (10,000 )      
 
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (31,826,456 )     (85,690 )     (14,147,453 )
 
                 
 
                       
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                       
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock
                13,499,927  
Proceeds from sale of common stock
    28,506,602              
Cash paid for stock offering and issuance costs
    (1,956,465 )     (2,283 )     (584,980 )
Proceeds from warrant exercise
    705,025       55,508       152,600  
Proceeds from employee stock option exercise
    642,145       24,800        
Proceeds from stock option exercises by a consultant
          104,673        
Preferred dividends paid in cash
                (18,864 )
Cash received from acquired company
                1,795  
 
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    27,897,307       182,698       13,050,478  
 
                 
 
                       
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
    (5,100,255 )     1,465,652       770,933  
CASH, BEGINNING OF YEAR
    7,488,474       6,022,822       5,251,889  
 
                 
CASH, END OF YEAR
  $ 2,388,219     $ 7,488,474     $ 6,022,822  
 
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
                                                                 
                                    Additional     Comprehensive Income        
    Preferred     Stock     Common     Stock     Paid-in     Accumulated     Accumulated     Total  
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Capital     Deficit     Other Income     Equity  
December 31, 2004 Balances
    67,000     $ 67       29,153,702     $ 29,154     $ 10,339,039     $ (1,484,001 )           8,884,259  
Series A Preferred Stock conversion
    (67,000 )     (67 )     670,000       670       (603 )                      
Sale of Series AA Preferred Stock
    250,000       250                       13,499,677                       13,499,927  
Costs of preferred stock offering
                                    (1,160,524 )                     (1,160,524 )
Warrants issued for placement costs
                                    575,544                       575,544  
Stock issued for Tower merger
                    5,800,000       5,800       15,190,200                       15,196,000  
Shares issued for oil prospect
                    675,000       675       4,184,325                       4,185,000  
Shares issued to Director
                    37,500       37       195,212                       195,249  
Warrants exercised at $1.09 / share
                    140,000       140       152,460                       152,600  
Options for investor relations service
                                    77,264                       77,264  
Warrants for oil project consulting
                                    31,564                       31,564  
Deferred compensation recognized
                                    141,250                       141,250  
Net income
                                            1,032,971               1,032,971  
Dividends, Series A Preferred Stock
                                            (844 )             (844 )
Accrued dividends, Series AA Pref.
                                            (479,342 )             (479,342 )
 
                                               
December 31, 2005 Balances
    250,000     $ 250       36,476,202     $ 36,476     $ 43,225,408     $ (931,216 )         $ 42,330,918  
Accrued dividends, Series AA Pref.
                                            (1,080,000 )             (1,080,000 )
Series AA preferred stock dividends paid in common stock
                    239,493       240       1,079,760                       1,080,000  
Shares issued for oil and gas properties
                    2,050,000       2.050       13,074,667                       13,076,717  
Shares to new employees
                    20,000       20       96,280                       96,300  
Stock option exercised by employee
                    10,000       10       24,790                       24,800  
Stock options exercised by consultant
                    32,010       32       104,641                       104,673  
Warrants exercised
                    46,004       46       55,462                       55,508  
Shares issued for consulting services
                    26,405       26       123,285                       123,311  
Deferred stock-based compensation
                    27,000       27       (27 )                      
Deferred compensation recognized
                                    71,820                       71,820  
Stock option compensation expense
                                    1,230,788                       1.230.788  
Warrant issued for properties
                                    88,000                       88,000  
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income
                                            1,211,223                  
Unrealized gain on short-term investment, net of tax
                                                    3,673,615          
Total comprehensive income
                                                            4,884,838  
 
                                               
December 31, 2006 Balances
    250,000     $ 250       38,927,114     $ 38,927     $ 59,174,874     $ (799,993 )   $ 3,673,615     $ 62,087,673  
Conversion of preferred to common
    (112,000 )     (112 )     1,008,000       1,008       (896 )                      
Accrued dividends, Series AA Pref.
                                            (602,530 )             (602,530 )
Series AA preferred stock dividends paid in common stock
                    131,155       131       820,093                       820,224  
Sale of stock at $4.75/share for cash
                    6,001,390       6,001       28,500,601                       28,506,602  
Cash paid for stock offering costs
                                    (1,956,465 )                     (1,956,465 )
Exercise of employee stock options
                    134,300       134       642,011                       642,145  
Exercise of warrants
                    117,504       118       704,907                       705,025  
Deemed dividends on warrant extensions
                                    450,000       (450,000 )              
Share-based compensation:
                                                               
Stock option expense
                                    914,301                       914,301  
Deferred stock-based compensation
                    109,600       110       (110 )                      
Accrued stock-based compensation
                                    148,176                       148,176  
Common stock granted & issued
                    5,000       5       29,195                       29,200  
Comprehensive income (loss):
                                                               
Net loss
                                            (2,743,382 )                
Decline in unrealized gain on short- term investment, net of tax
                                                    (3,673,615 )        
Total comprehensive loss
                                                            (6,416,997 )
 
                                               
December 31, 2007 Balances
    138,000     $ 138       46,434,063     $ 46,434     $ 89,426,687     $ (4,595,905 )   $     $ 84,877,354  
 
                                               
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
ORGANIZATION
American Oil & Gas, Inc. is an independent energy company engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development of crude oil and natural gas reserves and production in the western United States. In these Notes, the terms “Company”, “American”, “we”, “us”, “our” and terms of similar import refer to American Oil & Gas, Inc.
Our operations are currently focused in Wyoming and North Dakota. We own a wholly-owned subsidiary, Tower American Corporation, for conducting our oil and gas exploration and production operations in Colorado. We do not anticipate operating outside the United States. The Company’s resources and assets are reported as one operating segment. Our fiscal year end is December 31.
We were incorporated on February 15, 2000, under the laws of the State of Nevada. We began oil and gas operations in January 2003, with the acquisition of undeveloped oil and gas prospects in Montana and Wyoming from Tower Colombia Corporation and North Finn, LLC. In April 2005, we acquired Tower Colombia Corporation.
The Company’s oil and gas business makes it vulnerable to changes in wellhead prices of crude oil and natural gas. Such prices have been volatile in the past and can be expected to be volatile in the future. By definition, proved reserves are based on current oil and gas prices. Declines in oil and gas prices reduce the estimated quantity of proved reserves and increase annual amortization expense (which is based on proved reserves). Declines in expected oil and gas prices can reduce the value of our oil and gas properties.
The oil and gas industry is subject, by its nature, to environmental hazards and clean-up costs. At this time, management knows of no substantial costs from environmental accidents or events for which the Company may be currently liable.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Preparation in accordance with GAAP requires us to (1) adopt accounting policies within accounting rules set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and by the SEC and (2) make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and other disclosed amounts. Note 2 describes our significant accounting policies. Our management believes the major estimates and assumptions impacting our financial statements are the following:
   
estimates of proven (i.e., reasonably certain) oil and gas reserve quantities, which affect the calculations of amortization and impairment of capitalized costs of oil and gas properties;
 
   
estimates of the fair value of oil and gas properties we own, particularly properties that we have not yet explored, or fully explored, by drilling and completing wells;
 
   
estimates of the fair value of stock options at date of grant; and
 
   
the assumption required by GAAP that proved reserves and generally proved reserve value for measuring capitalized cost impairment be based on the prices of oil and gas at the end of the reporting period.
The estimated fair values of our unevaluated oil and gas properties affect the calculation of gain on the sale of material properties and affect our assessment as to whether portions of unevaluated capitalized costs are impaired, which also affects the calculation of recorded amortization and impairment expense with regards to our capitalized costs of oil and gas properties.

 

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The fair value of stock options at the date of grant to employees is based on judgment as to expected future volatility of our common stock and expected future choices by employees as to when options are exercised.
Actual results may differ from estimates and assumptions of future events. Future production may vary materially from estimated oil and gas proved reserves. Actual future prices may vary significantly from price assumptions used for determining proved reserves and for financial reporting.
NOTE 2 — SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS — For purposes of reporting cash flows, we consider cash equivalents to be all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase. On occasion, the Company may have cash in banks in excess of federally insured amounts.
FAIR VALUE — The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS — Short-term investments consist of (i) readily marketable securities expected to be sold within one year and (ii) unregistered securities expected to be readily marketable and sold within one year. Short-term investments are carried at fair value. For “trading securities”, i.e., investments bought and held principally to sell short-term, changes in fair value are reflected in current income. For other short-term investments, referred to as “available-for-sale,” changes in fair value are reflected, net of related deferred income taxes, in Other Comprehensive Income in the Equity section of the Balance Sheet. If an available-for-sale investment has a net unrealized loss that is considered permanent, such loss is recognized in the current income statement.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND CREDIT POLICIES — We have certain trade receivables consisting of oil and gas sales obligations due under normal trade terms. Our management regularly reviews trade receivables and reduces the carrying amount by a valuation allowance that reflects management’s best estimate of the amount that may not be collectible. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, management had determined no allowance for uncollectible receivables was necessary.
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS — When we incur an obligation for future asset retirement costs, we record as a liability and as a cost of the acquired asset the present value of the estimated future asset retirement obligation. For example, when we drill a well, we record a liability and an asset cost for the present value of estimated costs we will incur at the end of the well’s life to plug the well, remove surface equipment and provide restoration of the well site’s surface. Over time, accretion of the liability is recognized as an operating expense, and the capitalized cost is amortized over the expected useful life of the related asset. Our asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) relate primarily to the plugging, dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities of our oil and gas properties.
The following table reflects the change in ARO for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
                 
    2007     2006  
Asset retirement obligation beginning of year
  $ 235,268     $ 117,011  
Liabilities incurred
    162,733       81,831  
Liabilities settled
    (22,898 )     (7,745 )
Accretion
    23,767       11,213  
Revisions in estimated liabilities
    (75,501 )     32,958  
 
           
Asset retirement obligation end of year
  $ 323,369     $ 235,268  
 
           
Current portion of obligation end of year
  $     $ 40,321  
OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES — We use the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas activities. Under this method, subject to a limitation based on estimated value, all costs associated with property acquisition, exploration and development (including costs of unsuccessful exploration) are capitalized within cost centers, generally by country. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, all of the Company’s oil and gas properties and operations are located in one cost center, the United States.

 

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Under the full cost method, no gain or loss is recognized upon the sale or abandonment of undeveloped or producing oil and gas properties unless the sale represents a significant portion of oil and gas properties and unless the gain significantly alters the relationship between capitalized costs and proved oil and gas reserves of the cost center.
Capitalized costs of oil and gas properties evaluated as having, or not having, proved reserves are amortized in the aggregate by country using the unit-of-production method based upon estimated proved oil and gas reserves. The costs of properties not yet evaluated are not amortized until evaluation of the property. For amortization purposes, relative volumes of oil and gas production and reserves are converted at the energy equivalent conversion rate of six thousand cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel of crude oil. Amortizable costs include estimates of future development costs of proved undeveloped reserves.
Capitalized costs of oil and gas properties (net of related deferred income taxes) may not exceed an amount equal to the present value, discounted at 10% per annum, of the estimated future net cash flows from proved oil and gas reserves plus the cost of unevaluated properties (adjusted for related income tax effects). Should capitalized costs exceed this ceiling, the excess is charged to earnings as an impairment expense, net of its related reduction of the deferred income tax provision. The present value of estimated future net cash flows is computed by applying period-end oil and gas prices of oil and natural gas to estimated future production of proved oil and gas reserves as of period-end, less estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. SEC guidance allows the ceiling to be increased for subsequent events occurring reasonably before the filing date of the affected financial statements and indicative that capitalized costs were not impaired at period-end. Such subsequent events are increased oil and gas prices and the proving up of additional reserves on properties owned at period-end. The present value of proved reserves’ future net cash flows excludes future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations that have been accrued on the balance sheet (following SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 106).
As discussed in Note 3, we sold on March 31, 2006, a property having approximately 90% of our proved reserves and production prior to the sale. As is consistent for full cost accounting companies, the related revenues and expenses for 2006 associated with the property sold were reflected as continuing operations since we did not sell our entire U.S. full cost pool.
OTHER PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT — We record at cost any long-lived tangible assets that are not oil and gas property. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets of three to five years. Expenditures for replacements, renewals, and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Long-lived assets, other than oil and gas properties, are evaluated for impairment to determine if current circumstances and market conditions indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. We have not recognized any impairment losses on non oil and gas long-lived assets.
IMPAIRMENT — Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, requires that long-lived assets to be held and used be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Oil and gas properties accounted for using the full cost method of accounting (which we use) are excluded from this requirement but continue to be subject to the full cost method’s impairment rules.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS — We account for business combinations in accordance with SFAS 141, Business Combinations, whereby combinations of companies not previously under common control are regarded as a purchase by the acquiring or surviving company. The purchase is recorded at fair value with the purchase price allocated to the acquired company’s assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values. Goodwill is recognized to the extent the acquired company’s fair value exceeds the net fair value of its assets and liabilities, including intangible assets with limited life. We recognized goodwill in our 2005 acquisition of Tower Colombia Corporation, as more fully discussed in Note 5.

 

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GOODWILL — We account for goodwill in accordance with SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. SFAS 142 requires an annual impairment assessment. A more frequent assessment is required if certain events occur that reasonably indicate an impairment may have occurred. The impairment assessment requires us to make estimates regarding the fair value of the reporting unit to which goodwill is assigned. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value (including the carrying value of its assigned goodwill), then under SFAS 142 no impairment of goodwill exists.
We have only one business segment, oil and gas exploration and production. Within that segment we have only one reporting unit. Accordingly, the fair value of our one reporting unit generally approximates the fair value of our company’s stock. Since recording goodwill in 2005 through December 31, 2007, the fair value of the Company’s outstanding preferred and common stock has substantially exceeded the carrying value (i.e., book value) of stockholders’ equity for the Company, and no impairment of recorded goodwill existed in 2005, 2006 or 2007 under the accounting rules of SFAS 142.
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS — Intangible assets, other than Goodwill, are amortized over their expected useful lives.
INCOME TAXES — We account for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under the asset and liability method of SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under SFAS 109, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in income tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.
REVENUE RECOGNITION AND GAS BALANCING — We recognize oil and gas revenues from our interests in producing wells when production is delivered to, and title has transferred to, the purchaser and to the extent the selling price is reasonably determinable. We use the sales method of accounting for gas balancing of gas production and would recognize a liability if the existing proven reserves were not adequate to cover the current imbalance situation. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, our gas production was in balance, i.e., our cumulative portion of gas production taken and sold from wells in which we have an interest equaled our entitled interest in gas production from those wells.
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE — Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share reflects per share amounts that would have resulted if dilutive potential common stock had been converted to common stock.
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK — Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash. We maintain cash assets at one financial institution. We periodically evaluate the credit worthiness of financial institutions, and maintain cash accounts only in large high quality financial institutions. We believe that credit risk associated with cash is remote. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonpayment by counter parties, a significant portion of which are concentrated in energy related industries. The creditworthiness of customers and other counter parties is subject to continuing review.
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION — Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS 123 (R), Share-Based Payment, on a modified prospective basis, as discussed further in Note 7. SFAS 123(R) requires publicly-held companies to recognize in their statements of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation to employees, consistent with the rules under SFAS 123 for options to non-employees.
For 2005 we accounted for employee stock options using the intrinsic value method of accounting prescribed under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, as allowed by SFAS 123, before its revision by SFAS 123(R). A stock option’s intrinsic value is the fair value of the underlying stock, if any, in excess of the option exercise price to acquire the stock. We typically granted employee stock options with an exercise price equal to the stock’s market price at date of grant, whereby such options had an intrinsic value of zero when granted. Accordingly, for 2005, we recognized no compensation expense for employee stock options which had zero intrinsic value at date of grant, but we did recognize compensation expense for the estimated fair value of stock options and warrants when granted to non-employees as compensation.

 

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OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS — We have no off balance sheet arrangements.
SEGMENT REPORTING — We follow SFAS 131, Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, which amended the requirements for a public enterprise to report financial and descriptive information about its reportable operating segments. Operating segments, as defined in the pronouncement, are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Company in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The financial information is required to be reported on the basis that is used internally for evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments. The Company operates in one segment, oil and gas producing activities.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME — For 2005, there are no adjustments necessary to the net income (loss) as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations to derive comprehensive income in accordance with SFAS 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income.” For 2006 and 2007, comprehensive income is disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity.
RECLASSIFICATION — Certain amounts in the 2005 and 2006 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2007 financial statement presentation. Such reclassifications have had no effect on net income (loss).
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, which eliminates the exemption from applying SFAS 133 to interests in securitized financial assets so that similar instruments are accounted for similarly regardless of the instrument’s form. SFAS 155 allows the election of fair value measurement at acquisition, at issuance, or when a previously recognized financial instrument is subject to a re-measurement event. Adoption is required for all financial instruments acquired or issued by the Company after 2006. We adopted SFAS 155 effective January 1, 2007. The adoption did not have a material effect on our financial statements.
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets, which requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value. SFAS 156 permits, but does not require, the subsequent measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value. We do not have servicing assets or servicing liabilities to which SFAS 156 relates. We adopted SFAS 156 effective January 1, 2007, but adoption did not have a material effect on our financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), effective for the Company on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on measurement, classification, interim accounting and disclosure. We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007, but adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-1 and FSP 157-2, which amend SFAS 157. FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157 to exclude certain lease transactions accounted for under other accounting pronouncements. FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for one year for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). We are adopting SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2008 except the effective date is January 1, 2009 for certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities as provided in FSP 157-2. Management does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on our financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pensions and other Postretirement Plans. We do not have postretirement plans.

 

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In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. SFAS No. 159 applies to all entities and is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We elected not to adopt the fair value option for assets and liabilities held on the January 1, 2008 effective date. We do not expect SFAS 159 to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In December 2007 the FASB issued SFAS 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB 51, which establishes accounting and reporting standards with regards to non-controlling interests, previously known as minority interests. We are required to adopt SFAS No. 160 on January 1, 2009, but we have no non-controlling interests. We do not expect SFAS 160 to have a material impact on our financial statements.
In December 2007 the FASB issued SFAS 141(Revised 2007), Business Combinations, which significantly changes the financial accounting and reporting of many business combination transactions, with an emphasis on valuing at fair value as of the acquisition date the related acquired assets and liabilities and any non-controlling interests of the acquired business. We are required to adopt SFAS 141(R) on January 1, 2009, and it would apply prospectively, i.e., to any acquisitions we make on or after that date.
NOTE 3 — PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 consisted of the following:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Oil and gas properties, full cost method
                       
Unevaluated costs, not subject to amortization
  $ 40,937,747     $ 33,263,390     $ 17,843,133  
Evaluated costs
    15,774,514       7,958,908       8,600,696  
Asset retirement costs
    275,471       201,955       104,093  
 
                 
 
    56,987,732       41,424,253       26,547,922  
Furniture, equipment and software
    338,614       295,485       68,023  
 
                 
 
    57,326,346       41,719,738       26,615,945  
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
    (3,694,805 )     (2,598,581 )     (1,636,246 )
 
                 
Property and equipment
  $ 53,631,541     $ 39,121,157     $ 24,979,699  
 
                 
Unevaluated Oil and Gas Properties
Costs directly associated with the acquisition and evaluation of unproved properties are excluded from the amortization computation. The following table shows, by year incurred, the unevaluated oil and gas property costs (net of transfers to evaluated costs and net of sales proceeds) excluded from the amortization computation:
         
    Net Costs  
Year Incurred   Incurred  
Year ended December 31, 2007
  $ 13,026,504  
Year ended December 31, 2006
    15,308,590  
Year ended December 31, 2005
    11,957,919  
Prior to 2005
    644,734  
 
     
 
  $ 40,937,747  
 
     
Costs associated with unevaluated properties are primarily lease acquisition costs but include $9.5 million of costs for wells-in-progress, which at March 11, 2008 are in the process of being evaluated. Five of the wells-in-progress, with a total cost of $8.6 million at December 31, 2007 are anticipated to be evaluated by June 30, 2008.

 

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Prospect leasing and acquisition normally require one to three years, and the subsequent evaluation normally requires an additional one to three years.
Our major projects are Fetter, West Douglas, Krejci and Goliath. The following table presents the unevaluated capitalized oil and gas properties’ costs and net change for 2007, by major project:
                                                 
          Approximate Acres 12/31/07  
    Capitalized Costs (in millions)     (Unaudited)  
Project (State)   12/31/06     Net Change     12/31/07     Gross     Lease Net*     Our Net *  
Fetter Project, Powder River Basin (WY)
  $ 18.7     $ (4.3 )   $ 14.4       53,125       50,730       34,811  
West Douglas Project, Powder River Basin (WY)
    3.7       0.5       4.2       53,808       49,743       20,722  
Douglas Project, Powder River Basin (WY)
    0.8       0.1       0.9       14,231       13,912       11,636  
Krejci Oil Project, Powder River Basin (WY)
    2.3       6.9       9.2       129,314       124,565       48,743  
Goliath Project, Williston Basin (ND)
    6.6       0.4       7.0       77,508       59,117       29,559  
Other projects
    1.2       4.0       5.2       167,860       151,055       74,190  
 
                                   
Total unevaluated costs and acres
  $ 33.3     $ 7.6     $ 40.9       495,846       449,122       219,661  
 
                                   
 
*  
Lease net acres represent the proportion of gross surface acreage for which we and our working interest partners have leased the underlying mineral rights for exploration and production. Our net acres’ amount is the product of the lease net acres times our average effective working interest percentage. For the Fetter project, the average effective working interest is that which we effectively will own once RTA earns its 25% working interest in Fetter unevaluated acreage by completing two wells drilled at Fetter in 2007. Two wells have been completed, and we expect RTA to finish completion of the third well by April 30, 2008. The West Douglas Project acreage extends to its east within four miles of the Fetter Project acreage. The Douglas Project acreage lies largely in the townships immediately north of the Fetter acreage. After RTA earns its 50% working interest in West Douglas acreage by completing a well drilled in late 2007, our effective working interest in West Douglas acreage will average 41.7%.
The 2007 $4.3 million net decrease in unevaluated costs in our Fetter project reflects additions net of $5.3 million reclassified as evaluated costs. We estimate that the remaining $14.4 million will be reclassified as evaluated costs as additional wells are drilled within the Fetter Project. The $14.4 million equates to a cost per net leased acre that is substantially below values recently paid at auction to acquire lease acreage at Fetter.
The first well at our West Douglas Project was drilled this fall to a depth of 14,220 feet, with initial analysis indicating potential pay in up to five separate formations. Completion and testing of all formations is expected to conclude within 60 days.
At our Krejci Project, located in Niobrara County, Wyoming, four horizontal Mowry wells have been drilled and various completion attempts have been performed. The costs of the first two wells (drilled in 2006) are classified as evaluated costs. The $9.2 million in unevaluated costs for the Krejci Prospect includes $5.3 million in costs of the third and fourth wells, drilled in 2007. The two wells are shut-in while we evaluate additional stimulation techniques. We anticipate that those new wells will be evaluated for proved reserves in 2008, whereupon approximately $5.5 million in drilling and lease acquisition costs incurred by December 31, 2007 will be reclassified as evaluated and become a part of our full cost pool’s amortization base. The remaining $3.7 million in unevaluated costs consists primarily of lease acquisition costs, which likely will be moved to evaluated as additional wells are drilled and evaluated or as lease costs otherwise become impaired.
The $7.0 million in unevaluated costs for the Goliath Project are primarily for lease acquisitions and a recent 3-D seismic program in the area. The acquisitions began in October 2005. Wells continue to be drilled within and near the leased acreage.

 

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Information relating to the Company’s costs incurred in its oil and gas operations during the year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are summarized as follows:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Property acquisition costs, unproved properties
  $ 4,395,467     $ 19,887,879     $ 13,906,210  
Property acquisition costs, proved properties
          163,569       210,000  
Exploration costs
    11,364,497       9,285,354       7,011,666  
Asset retirement costs
    73,516       86,649       70,701  
Development costs
          691,626       2,932,459  
 
                 
 
  $ 15,833,480     $ 30,115,077     $ 24,131,036  
 
                 
Property acquisition costs include costs incurred to purchase, lease, or otherwise acquire a property. Exploration costs include the costs of geological and geophysical activity, and drilling and equipping exploratory wells. Development costs include drilling and other costs incurred within a proved area of oil and gas. We review and determine the cost basis of drilling prospects on a drilling location basis.
During fiscal year 2007, we had four major customers: DCP Midstream, L.P., Wyoming Refining Company, Shell Trading (US) Company and Nexen Marketing U.S.A., Inc. Sales to those customers accounted for approximately 81% of oil and gas sales in 2007. During fiscal year 2006 and 2005, we had one major customer: Eighty Eight Oil, LLC. Sales to this customer accounted for approximately 71% and 75% of oil and gas sales in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Because there are other purchasers that are capable of and willing to purchase our oil and gas and because we have the option to change purchasers on our properties if conditions so warrant, we believe that our oil and gas production can be sold in the market in the event that it is not sold to our existing customers.
Significant Property Sales in 2006
On March 31, 2006, we sold our interest in the Big Sky project, which at the time of sale represented approximately 95% of our oil and gas production revenue and approximately 88% of our proved oil and gas reserves. The contract sales price was $11.5 million and the effective date of the sale was February 1, 2006.
In April 2006, we sold our 8,653 net acres in unproved Montana leases referred to as the Bear Creek prospect. Our lease interests were sold to privately owned MAB Resources in exchange for a convertible $1,080,000 note from GSL Energy Corp., a private affiliate of MAB Resources. That same month we converted the note into 2,160,000 shares of GSL common stock. In May 2006, GSL merged into a publicly-traded company whereby as of December 31, 2006 we owned (in lieu of the $1,080,000 note receivable) 2,160,000 unregistered shares of the merged company renamed PetroHunter Energy Corporation (See Note 4).
In May 2006, we sold to Teton Energy Corporation for $6.2 million a 25% working interest in our Goliath project. The project consisted of unproved leases of approximately 58,000 gross acres in the Williston Basin of North Dakota. Teton paid us $2.46 million in cash at closing and is paying an additional $3.69 million as we incur that amount of costs in drilling and completing the project’s first two wells. At December 31, 2006, Teton owed us $777,461 of the $3.69 million.
The reconciliations of the gains on the sales are as follows:
                                 
    Big Sky     Bear Creek     Goliath     Totals  
Contract sales price
  $ 11,500,000     $ 1,080,000     $ 6,165,520     $ 18,745,520  
Effective date adjustments
    (821,496 )                 (821,496 )
 
                       
Adjusted sales price
    10,678,504       1,080,000       6,165,520       17,924,024  
Allocated capitalized costs using the relative fair market value method required under full cost accounting
    (6,416,650 )     (648,443 )     (3,699,461 )     (10,764,554 )
 
                       
Recognized gains on sales of oil and gas properties
  $ 4,261,854     $ 431,557     $ 2,466,059     $ 7,159,470  
 
                       

 

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Significant Property Acquisitions in 2006
On January 5, 2006, we entered into a participation agreement with North Finn LLC (“North Finn”). Under the agreement, we will fund 60% of North Finn’s future lease, drilling and other project related capital obligations in jointly owned project areas, in order to earn 60% of North Finn’s interest in that particular lease or well, including offset locations. We paid $535,000, and reimbursed approximately $976,000 to North Finn for 60% of all project related costs that North Finn has incurred in jointly owned project areas after the effective date of August 1, 2005.
Under the participation agreement, the Company and North Finn each has the right (an option), during specified time periods, to trigger the transfer to the Company by North Finn of 60% of North Finn’s interests in any unearned project areas in which the Company already has an interest, and a simultaneous issuance by the Company to North Finn of 2,900,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock. North Finn’s right of exchange is exercisable at any time on or before July 31, 2012, and the Company’s right of exchange is exercisable at any time beginning August 1, 2010 and ending July 31, 2012. If the exchange occurs and the Company receives the 60% interest from North Finn, the Company will not earn or fund any additional interests in the North Finn acreage under the participation agreement. In many of the joint project areas, North Finn owns a 25% working interest and the Company owns a 75% working interest.
On September 1, 2006, we issued 2,050,000 shares of common stock to SunStone Oil & Gas, LLC (based in Oklahoma City) in exchange for all its interests in the Fetter Project. The acquired interests equate to approximately 13,300 net undeveloped acres and 320 net developed acres. The acquisition raised our project ownership interest from 67.5% to 92.5% in lease rights on approximately 53,000 net acres. On September 1, 2006, our stock closed at $6.38 per share, and that price sets the total value of the acquisition at $13,079,000.
Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties
We use the full-cost accounting method, which requires recognition of an impairment of oil and gas properties when the total capitalized costs (net of related deferred income taxes) exceed a “ceiling” as described in Note 2. Our initial ceiling test calculation as of December 31, 2007, using oil and gas prices on that date indicated an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties of approximately $1.4 million, net of income tax. However, SEC guidance in applying the ceiling test allows consideration of subsequent price increases prior to the filing of the Form 10-K. With consideration of oil and gas prices at the end of February 2008, the ceiling exceeded total capitalized costs, eliminating the calculated impairment. As a result, we did not recognize an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties at December 31, 2007.
We recognized ceiling test impairments at September 30, 2006 and at December 31, 2006, totaling $4,360,000 and related reductions in deferred income taxes totaling $1,663,000. A substantial portion of the 2006 impairments occurs from being unable to complete the Fetter Project State 4-36 well in a fashion as originally planned, reducing the estimate of proved reserves for the well. To a lesser extent, the initial low reserve value attributable to the Goliath project Champion 1-25 well and the costs associated with two unsuccessful wells at our peripheral North Walker Creek prospect also contributed to the impairments in 2006.
Amortization Rate
Amortization of oil and gas property is calculated quarterly based on the quarter’s production in barrels of oil equivalent (“boe”) times an amortization rate. The amortization rate is an amortization base divided by the boe sum of proved reserves at the end of the quarter and production during the quarter. The amortization base consists of (i) the capitalized evaluated oil and gas costs at the end of the quarter before recording any impairment at quarter’s end, plus (ii) estimated future development costs for the proved reserves, less (iv) accumulated amortization at the beginning of the quarter. For 2007, 2006 and 2005, the annual average amortization rates were $25.21, $22.01 and $15.82, respectively, per boe. The amortization rate at December 31, 2007 was $31.45 per boe of proved reserves.
The following table shows by type of asset the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (“DD&A”) expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Amortization of costs for evaluated oil and gas properties
  $ 1,021,817     $ 937,821     $ 1,406,856  
Depreciation of office equipment, furniture and software
    65,225       35,412       5,555  
Amortization of Other Intangible Asset (Note 5)
    180,000       180,000       120,000  
 
                 
Total DD&A expense
  $ 1,267,042     $ 1,153,233     $ 1,532,411  
 
                 

 

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NOTE 4 — SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Our short-term investments at December 31, 2007 were comprised of unregistered shares of PetroHunter common stock and auction-rate securities and at December 31, 2006 unregistered shares of PetroHunter common stock:
                 
    As of December 31,  
    2007     2006  
PetroHunter common shares owned
    4,445,000       5,220,000  
 
           
Average cost per share
  $ 0.43     $ 0.50  
Fair value per share
  $ 0.22     $ 1.62  
Carrying value (at fair value)
  $ 977,900     $ 8,456,400  
Auction-rate securities at fair value
    17,325,000        
 
           
Total, short-term investments
  $ 18,302,900     $ 8,456,400  
 
           
PetroHunter Common Stock
In March 2006 we received $2,610,000 of convertible notes as consideration for the sale of oil and gas properties and for a property finder’s fee. We converted the notes into the stock of a privately-held company that in May 2006 merged into publicly traded PetroHunter Energy Corporation, whereby we acquired 5,220,000 unregistered shares of PetroHunter common stock, valued at $2,610,000 ($0.50 per share). The stock became saleable in transactions exempt from registration starting in late May 2007. In June 2007, we sold 1,400,000 shares for $808,059, realizing a gain of $108,059. In October 2007, we sold an additional 500,000 shares, realizing a loss of $122,577. On November 2, 2007 when PetroHunter stock closed at $0.24 per share, we exchanged production payment rights in unproved oil property owned by PetroHunter for 1,125,000 additional unregistered shares of PetroHunter common stock.
In accordance with SFAS 115, our investments in PetroHunter common stock are classified as investments held for sale. Those shares that are reasonably expected to be sold within one year are recorded at the trading price of registered, marketable shares. At December 31, 2006, when PetroHunter common stock had a closing price of $1.62 per share, we carried the investment at $8,456,000 ($1.62 per share) and reflected in Other Comprehensive Income the associated unrealized gain of $3,673,615, net of $2,172,785 deferred income tax liability. At December 31, 2007, when PetroHunter common stock had a closing price of $0.22 per share, we carried the 4,445,000 unsold shares at $977,900 ($0.22 per share). Management believes the unrealized loss of $952,100 at December 31, 2007 is other-than-temporary, and we recognized the loss in our Consolidated Statement of Operations for 2007.
Auction-rate Securities

At December 31, 2007, we had invested in twelve AAA credit-rated, variable-coupon preferred stocks in closed-end mutual funds. These auction market preferred shares (“AMPS”) normally provide liquidity via an auction process occurring every 7 days or every 28 days, at which time the dividend rate is reset. Dividends on these securities are paid on the day after the scheduled auction date. We classified these auction-rate securities at December 31, 2007 as trading securities under SFAS 115. Since these securities trade at their par values, no gains or losses are recorded. At December 31, 2007, the fair value of these investments approximated the cost at which we acquired the securities.

Recently, these auctions and similar auctions have had insufficient bids to buy the AMPS from those wishing to sell, as further discussed in Note 14, Subsequent Events.

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NOTE 5 — GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSET
In April 2005 Tower Colombia Corporation (“TCC”) merged into American with our exchange of 5,800,000 of restricted American common stock for all outstanding TCC stock. We accounted for the merger as a business acquisition at fair value, whereby the estimated $15,196,000 fair value of the restricted stock issued to TCC’s three shareholders was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values, with the excess of $11,670,468 recorded as goodwill. The primary tangible assets acquired were oil and gas lease rights classified as unproved oil and gas property. The merger with TCC in 2005 was insignificant to our 2005 Consolidated Statement of Operations and our 2005 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. There was no impairment of the Goodwill in 2005, 2006 or 2007.
In the merger, we recognized a $900,000 other intangible asset. It relates to non-compete provisions and performance-based compensation terms reflected in five-year employment agreements with TCC’s three owners, who serve as officers of American. The $900,000 asset is amortized over five years, beginning in April 2005, on a straight-line basis, equating to a $15,000 monthly amortization expense.
NOTE 6 — INCOME TAXES

We account for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” which provides for an asset and liability approach in accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on anticipated future tax consequences, using currently enacted tax laws, attributable to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts calculated for income tax purposes.

Income tax expenses and effective income tax rates for the years ended December 31 consist of the following:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Current taxes
  $     $     $  
Deferred taxes
    (1,484,984 )     303,748       46,245  
Valuation allowance
                 
 
                 
Income tax expense (reduction)
  $ (1,484,984 )   $ 303,748     $ 46,245  
 
                 
 
                       
Income (loss) before income taxes
  $ (4,228,366 )   $ 1,514,971     $ 1,079,216  
Effective income tax rate
    35.1 %     20.0 %     4.3 %
The effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31 differs from the U.S. Federal statutory income tax rate as follows:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Federal statutory income tax rate
    35.0 %     35.0 %     35.0 %
State income taxes
    1.5 %     3.1 %     3.5 %
Permanent differences:
                       
Compensation using qualified stock options
    (3.3 %)                
Excess percentage depletion
    1.5 %     (22.0 %)      
Other
    0.1 %     7.7 %     2.9 %
Change in average state tax rate
    0.3 %     (3.8 %)      
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance
                (37.1 %)
 
                 
Effective income tax rate
    35.1 %     20.0 %     4.3 %
 
                 

 

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The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31 are as follows:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Current deferred tax asset (liability):
                       
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in PetroHunter (Note 4)
  $ 347,658     $ (2,172,785 )   $  
Less asset valuation allowance
                 
 
                 
Current deferred tax asset (liability)
  $ 347,658     $ (2,172,785 )   $  
 
                 
 
                       
Long-term deferred tax assets (liabilities):
                       
Deferred tax assets:
                       
Federal and state net operating loss carryovers
  $ 5,731,713     $ 1,219,868     $ 1,462,000  
Oil and gas property amortization
    454,771       753,000       443,000  
Compensation using non-qualified stock options
    341,452       118,369       29,000  
Other
          88,080        
 
                 
 
    6,527,936       2,179,317       1,934,000  
Less: valuation allowance
                 
 
                 
Long-term deferred tax asset
  $ 6,527,936     $ 2,179,317     $ 1,934,000  
 
                 
Deferred tax liabilities:
                       
Intangible drilling costs and other exploration costs capitalized for financial reporting purposes
  $ (7,572,033 )   $ (4,376,646 )   $ (3,530,323 )
Other
    (15,906 )           (297,258 )
 
                 
Total long-term deferred tax liabilities
    (7,587,939 )     (4,376,646 )     (3,827,581 )
 
                       
Long-term deferred tax asset
    6,527,936       2,179,317       1,934,000  
 
                 
Net long-term deferred tax asset (liability)
  $ (1,060,003 )   $ (2,197,329 )   $ (1,893,581 )
 
                 
The Company has approximately $15,500,000 in net operating loss carryovers as of December 31, 2007. The net operating losses may offset against taxable income through the year ended December 2028. A portion of the net operating loss carryover begins to expire in 2026.

We file annual US federal income tax returns and have filed annual income tax returns for the states of Colorado, Montana, North Dakota and Utah. We primarily do business in Wyoming but Wyoming does not impose corporate income taxes. We believe we are no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2003 for Colorado and for 2004 for all other returns. Our income tax returns and supporting records have never been examined by tax authorities.

On January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). We found no significant uncertain tax positions as of any date in 2007.

Our policy is to recognize accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and to recognize tax penalties in operating expense. However, given our substantial net operating loss carryforwards at the federal and state levels, we do not anticipate any interest expense or penalties charged for any examining agents’ tax adjustments of returns prior to 2007 since such adjustments would very likely simply reduce our net operating loss carryforwards.

NOTE 7 — ADOPTION OF SFAS 123(R) SHARE-BASED PAYMENT
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method. In applying SFAS 123(R), we considered the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment, issued in March 2005, which provides supplemental SFAS 123(R) application guidance based on the views of the SEC.
Under the modified prospective transition method, results for prior periods have not been restated, and compensation costs recognized in the year ended December 31, 2006 include (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123; and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted beginning January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R).
The adoption of SFAS 123(R) resulted in share-based compensation expense of $1,091,677 for 2007 and $1,522,219 for 2006. The $1,091,677 for 2007 consisted of $914,300 for stock options, $148,177 in accrued compensation for stock granted but held in escrow or not yet vested and $29,200 in common stock issued to a new employee. The $1,522,219 for 2006 consisted of $1,230,787 for stock options, $195,132 in common stock issued for consulting services and $96,300 in common stock issued to new employees.
Share-based compensation expense increased basic and diluted loss per share for 2007 by $0.02. Share-based compensation expense decreased basic and diluted income per share for 2006 by $0.04 per share, respectively.

 

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For 2005 we applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock options as prescribed by APB 25. Since all options granted in 2005 had an exercise price equal to the closing market price of the underlying common stock on the grant date, no compensation expense was recognized for options granted to employees. If compensation expense had been recognized based on the estimated fair value of each option granted in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123 as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard 148, our net income and net income per share would have been reduced to the following pro-forma amounts for the year ended December 31, 2005:
         
    2005  
Net income (loss) — as reported
  $ 553,629  
Add stock based compensation included in reported net loss
    413,764  
Deduct stock based compensation expense determined under the fair value method
    (841,566 )
 
     
Pro forma net loss
  $ 125,827  
 
     
 
       
Net income (loss) per common share — Basic:
       
As reported
  $ 0.02  
 
     
Pro forma
  $  
 
     
 
       
Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted:
       
As reported
  $ 0.02  
 
     
Pro forma
  $  
 
     
For the fair value method, we used the following stock option pricing models and model assumptions:
             
    2007   2006   2005    
    Modified   Black-   Black-  
Pricing Model:   Binomial   Scholes   Scholes
Expected option life (in years)
  4-5   5-8   5.0
Risk-free interest rate
  4.7%-5.1%   4.5% to 5.2%   2.6% to 4.5%
Dividend yield
  0%   N/A   N/A
Annual Volatility over option life
  35%   33% to 63%   47% to 78%
Volatility in black-out periods
  0%   33% to 63%   47% to 78%
Pre-vesting forfeiture rate
  0%   0%   0%
Intrinsic value/share that urges exercise
  $2.00 to $2.16   n/a for this model   n/a for this model
The Company has a policy of prohibiting its employees and directors from buying or selling Company stock during four “black-out periods” of the year, except pursuant to a pre-arranged stock trading plan under SEC Rule 10b5-1. Such black-out periods generally begin a few days before a calendar quarter ends and end two trading days after the quarter’s report on Form 10-Q or Form 10-K is filed with the SEC. On occasion, the Company may extend or add to the black-out periods. Company employees are also prohibited from trading during periods when there exists material non-public information, which given the early stage nature of our drilling activity, could further restrict employees and directors from trading in our stock. Consequently, their stock options’ value is reduced to reflect the inability to fully profit from volatility in the Company’s common stock price.
The modified binomial model takes into consideration that as a stock price rises significantly above the option exercise price, the resulting significant “triggering intrinsic value” of the option can urge an employee to exercise the option, either (i) to sell some or all of the underlying stock to convert intrinsic value to cash, or (ii) to begin holding some or all of the stock for one year to reduce the income tax rate on the later anticipated gain from sale of the stock. The $2.00 to $2.16 triggering intrinsic value per share assumption for options granted in 2007 equated to approximately an $8.00 per share stock price.
NOTE 8 — STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
PREFERRED STOCK
We are authorized to issue up to 25 million shares of $.001 par value preferred stock, the rights and preferences of which are to be determined by the Board of Directors at or prior to the time of issuance.

 

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Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock
On July 22, 2005, we sold to accredited investors, a total of 250,000 Units for $13,500,000, with each Unit consisting of one share of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”) and warrants to purchase shares of its $.001 par value common stock. This private placement was pursuant to exemptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, including but not limited to, Sections 3(b) and 4(2), as well as Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933. The Units were sold without a general solicitation pursuant to Blue Sky limited offering exemptions and were issued with a legend restricting resale. We are obligated to pay an 8% annual dividend on the Preferred Stock in cash or in equivalent shares of common stock, at our discretion.
Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible into nine shares of registered common stock for a total of 2,250,000 shares, which is a conversion rate of $6.00 per share. We also issued warrants to purchase 2.7 shares of common stock for each share of Preferred Stock, which resulted in warrants to purchase a total of 675,000 shares of registered common stock exercisable at $6.00 per share. We extended the expiration date of the warrants to June 30, 2008. We can call the warrants if the daily weighted average trading price of its common stock averages at least $7.40 for 25 consecutive trading days.
The Preferred Stock automatically converts into common stock on July 22, 2008 or anytime sooner at the discretion of the preferred holders. We can require conversion of the Preferred Stock if the daily weighted average trading price of our common stock averages at least $9.00 for 25 consecutive trading days. In connection with the funding, we paid placement fees of $510,000 and issued 3-year warrants to purchase 281,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. The warrants are valued at $575,544, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued in 2003 automatically converted into 670,000 shares of common stock in January 2005.
COMMON STOCK
Our Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity provides a listing of changes in the common shares outstanding from December 31, 2004 through December 31, 2007. Further explanation of these changes is provided below:
   
On September 1, 2006, we issued 2,050,000 shares of our common stock to SunStone Oil and Gas, LLC in exchange for Sunstone’s 25% working interests in the Fetter project, increasing our Fetter ownership interests from 67.5% to 92.5%.
 
   
During 2005 we issued 37,500 shares and during 2004 we issued 50,000 shares of our common stock to a Director for serving as Director, Designated Financial Expert and as Chairman of the Audit Committee. The shares were paid to a company wholly owned by the Director, and the shares were valued at $195,249 and $85,126, respectively, based on the non-discounted trading price of our common stock as of the date of issuance.
WARRANTS
In July 2005, in conjunction with the sale of Series AA Convertible Stock, we issued investor warrants to purchase a total of 675,000 shares of registered common stock exercisable at $6.00 per share. The warrants were to expire on January 21 2007 (18 months from the closing date). In 2007, we have extended the expiration date of these warrants to June 30, 2008 and recognized deemed dividends based on the fair value of the warrant extensions, using Black-Scholes. We also issued 3-year placement warrants to purchase 281,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price equal to the exercise price for the investor warrants of $6.00 per share.
In August 2006, we acquired a small working interest in the Fetter project in exchange for a warrant to acquire 100,000 shares of common stock for $4.90 per share, with the warrant expiring on February 9, 2007. The expiration date was extended to April 9, 2007 in exchange for a first right of refusal to acquire other interests in the general Fetter area held by the warrant holder. The warrant was not exercised and expired on April 9, 2007.

 

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The table below reflects the status of warrants outstanding at December 31, 2007 held by others to acquire our common stock:
                     
    Common     Exercise     Expiration
Issue Date   Shares     Price     Date
July 22, 2005
    554,376     $ 6.00     June 30, 2008
July 22, 2005
    281,250     $ 6.00     July 21, 2008
September 15, 2003
    20,000     $ 1.15     September 15, 2008
July 23, 2003 to September 24, 2003
    54,850     $ 0.75     July 24, 2008 to September 24, 2008
 
                 
 
    910,476              
 
                 
At December 31, 2007, the per-share weighted average exercise price of outstanding warrants was $5.58 per share, and the weighted average remaining contractual life was 6.3 months.
The table below reflects the status of outstanding warrants at December 31, 2006:
                     
    Common     Exercise     Expiration
Issue Date   Shares     Price     Date
July 22, 2005
    671,880     $ 6.00     December 31, 2007
July 22, 2005
    281,250     $ 6.00     July 21, 2008
September 15, 2003
    20,000     $ 1.15     September 15, 2008
July 23, 2003 to September 24, 2003
    54,850     $ 0.75     July 24, 2008 to September 24, 2008
August 10, 2006
    100,000     $ 4.90     April 9, 2007
 
                 
 
    1,127,980              
 
                 
At December 31, 2006, the per-share weighted average exercise price of outstanding warrants was $5.48 per share, and the weighted average remaining contractual life was 1.1 years.
STOCK OPTIONS
Under our 2004 Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”), stock options may be granted at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of our common stock at the date of grant. Options may be granted to key employees and other persons who contribute to our success. We have reserved 2,500,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. At December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, options to purchase 21,990 shares, 271,990 shares and 1,040,900 shares, respectively, were available to be granted pursuant to the 2004 Plan.
At the Company’s Annual Stockholders meeting in August 2006, the stockholders approved the Company’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. The 2006 Plan provides for up to 1,500,000 additional shares of common stock that may be issued to employees, directors and other persons who provide services to the Company. Issuance of those shares may be by stock option awards, restricted stock awards or restricted stock unit awards. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, options to purchase 996,400 and 1,500,000 shares, respectively, were available to be granted pursuant to the 2006 Plan.
Stock Options as of December 31, 2007
In January 2006, the Company entered into a participation agreement with North Finn (“North Finn”). An element of that agreement is that North Finn has an option until July 31, 2012 to receive 2,900,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for certain oil and gas rights held by North Finn. A second element is that beginning on August 1, 2010 until July 31, 2012, the Company has an option to require North Finn to exchange those property interests in return for the 2,900,000 shares. North Finn has not exercised its option nor made a commitment to exercise under the AICPA Emerging Issues Task Force Interpretation 96-18, whereby the value of North Finn’s option is not currently recognized in our financial statements. The option and the participation agreement are discussed in Note 13 Commitments and Contingencies.

 

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Other than the aforementioned North Finn option, outstanding stock options are those granted under the Company’s 2004 Stock Option Plan or the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. The following table summarizes the status of stock options outstanding under those Plans:
                 
    Number of     Weighted Avg.  
    Shares     Exercise Price  
Options outstanding — December 31, 2004 (176,000 exercisable)
    403,000     $ 1.25  
Options granted during 2005
    1,056,010     $ 3.58  
 
             
Options outstanding — December 31, 2005 (640,009 exercisable)
    1,459,010     $ 2.94  
Options granted during 2006
    769,000     $ 4.83  
Less options exercised during 2006
    (42,010 )   $ 3.27  
 
             
Options outstanding — December 31, 2006 (985,498 exercisable)
    2,186,000     $ 3.60  
Options granted during 2007
    699,000     $ 5.89  
Less options forfeited during 2007
    (235,700 )   $ 5.03  
Less options exercised during 2007
    (134,300 )   $ 4.78  
 
             
Options outstanding — December 31, 2007 (1,359,500 exercisable)
    2,515,000     $ 4.04  
 
             
The weighted-average, grant-date estimated fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $1.65, $2.30 and $1.83, respectively, per underlying common share. We estimated the fair values using the Black-Scholes stock option pricing model or a Modified Binomial model, as further discussed in Note 7.
The following table presents additional information related to the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2007 under the 2004 Plan and 2006 Plan:
                                 
Exercise         Remaining        
price         contractual     Number of shares  
per share         life (years)     Outstanding     Exercisable  
$ 1.25    
 
    2.1       403,000       403,000  
$ 2.38    
 
    3.0       100,000       100,000  
$ 2.48    
 
    3.0       80,000       80,000  
$ 3.66    
 
    4.8       750,000       375,000  
$ 4.30    
 
    4.9       9,000       6,000  
$ 4.57    
 
    5.1       9,000       3,000  
$ 4.66    
 
    4.3       20,000        
$ 4.95    
 
    8.5       250,000       90,000  
$ 4.98    
 
    5.8       200,000       90,000  
$ 5.15    
 
    6.4       30,000        
$ 5.80    
 
    4.6       60,000       35,000  
$ 5.84    
 
    7.4       400,000       80,000  
$ 6.03    
 
    5.1       195,000       97,500  
$ 6.70    
 
    6.6       9,000        
       
 
                   
       
 
            2,515,000       1,359,500  
       
 
                   
Weighted Ave. remaining contractual life           5.2 years   4.3 years
Aggregate intrinsic value, December 31, 2007           $ 4,420,670     $ 3,286,984  
The total estimated unrecognized compensation cost from unvested stock options as of December 31, 2007 was $1,813,429, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.2 years.
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
Stock options accounted for the majority of share-based compensation expense in 2007 and 2006:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Share-based compensation expense:
                       
For stock option grants
  $ 914,300     $ 1,230,788     $ 77,264  
For stock granted but in escrow or unvested
    148,177       71,846       141,250  
For stock granted with immediate vesting
    29,200       219,585       195,250  
 
                 
Total
  $ 1,091,677     $ 1,522,219     $ 413,764  
 
                 
Total share-based compensation for income tax returns
  $ 187,424     $ 52,700     $  

 

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We had granted 129,600 shares of common stock that were either held in escrow or not vested as of December 31, 2007. They arose from the following stock grants in 2007 for services:
 
On February 12, 2007, we granted and issued 5,000 shares of common stock to our new Vice President of Land. The shares were valued at $29,200 reflecting the $5.84 per share closing price of the stock at the date of grant. We also granted him 20,000 additional shares that vest 4,000 shares per year on February 12, 2008 through 2012.
 
On June 15, 2007, we granted and issued in escrow 100,000 shares of common stock for our new Vice President of Exploration. The shares vest after five years of employment or upon a change of control of the Company.
 
On June 18, 2007, we granted and issued in escrow 9,600 shares of common stock for contractor services during the subsequent twelve months. The shares are to be removed from escrow upon the satisfactory completion of services on June 18, 2008.
Compensation expense for stock grants is recognized over the vesting period and computed as the number of shares granted times the stock closing price at date of grant.
NOTE 9 — EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table summarizes the calculations of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Net income to common stockholders
  $ (3,795,912 )   $ 131,223     $ 553,629  
Adjustments for dilution
                 
 
                 
Net income adjusted for effects of dilution
  $ (3,795,912 )   $ 131,223     $ 553,629  
 
                 
 
                       
Basic Weighted Ave. Common Shares
    44,383,861       37,428,506       34,148,065  
Add dilutive effects of options and warrants
          713,505       807,559  
Add dilutive effects of convertible preferred stock
                 
 
                 
Diluted Weighted Ave. Common Shares Outstanding
    44,383,861       38,142,011       34,955,624  
 
                 
 
                       
Net income per common share — basic
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02  
Net income per common share — diluted
  $ (0.09 )   $ 0.00     $ 0.02  
NOTE 10 — EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
We maintain and sponsor health care plans and a contributory 401(k) plan for our employees. Our direct costs related to these plans were $264,918, $205,712 and $83,002 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
NOTE 11 — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Approximately one month prior to our merging with Tower Colombia Corporation on April 21, 2005, we approved and entered into an agreement with TCC pursuant to which TCC provided, effective as of January 17, 2005, certain management services, including, but not limited to, human resource management, asset management services, and accounting and data management services for a monthly management fee of $30,000. We paid TCC a total of $90,000 pursuant to this agreement from the period January 16, 2005 through the April 21, 2005. This management services agreement terminated on the closing date of the merger. In addition to the management fee paid to TCC, during 2005, we also reimbursed TCC for its share of costs relating to oil and gas operations of $2,888 and for payroll related costs of $66,643.
In 2006 and 2005, we paid $58,907 and $75,416 to Tower Energy Corporation (“TEC”) for our share of administrative related expenditures, primarily the sharing of office space which TEC had leased. Payments to TEC ended in July 2006 in conjunction with American replacing TEC as the Tenant on the office lease. Patrick O’Brien and American vice president Bob Solomon each own 50% of TEC.
NOTE 12 — SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION TO THE STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Supplemental Schedule of Cash Flow Information
                       
Cash paid for interest expense
  $ 6,162     $     $  
Cash paid for income taxes incurred
  $     $     $  
 
                       
Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Activities
                       
Conversion of preferred stock into common stock
  $ 6,048,000     $ 770,500     $  
Share-based compensation expense
  $ 1,091,677     $ 1,522,219     $ 413,764  
Preferred stock dividends paid in common stock
  $ 820,224     $ 1,080,000     $  
Common stock issued to acquire oil and gas properties
  $     $ 13,079,000     $ 4,211,911  

 

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    2007     2006     2005  
Service fee received in the form of a convertible note
  $     $ 1,530,000     $  
Oil and gas properties sold in exchange for a convertible note
  $     $ 1,080,000     $  
Notes converted into PetroHunter common stock
  $     $ 2,610,000     $  
Oil and gas interests exchanged for PetroHunter common stock
  $ 270,000     $     $  
Common stock issued to acquire Tower Colombia Corp.
  $     $     $ 15,196,000  
Warrants issued for financing costs
  $     $     $ 575,544  
Warrants issued for oil and gas property consulting
  $     $     $ 31,564  
Warrant issued to acquire oil and gas properties
  $     $ 88,000     $  
NOTE 13 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company may be subject to various possible contingencies, which are derived primarily from interpretations of federal and state laws and regulations affecting the oil and gas industry. Although management believes it has complied with the various laws and regulations, new rulings and interpretations may require the Company to make future adjustments.
North Finn Option
On January 5, 2006, we entered into a participation agreement with North Finn, LLC (“North Finn”). Under the agreement, we will fund 60% of North Finn’s future lease, drilling and other project related capital obligations in jointly owned project areas, in order to earn 60% of North Finn’s interest in that particular lease or well, including offset locations. We paid $535,000, and reimbursed approximately $976,000 to North Finn for 60% of all project related costs that North Finn has incurred in jointly owned project areas after the effective date of August 1, 2005.
Under the participation agreement, the Company and North Finn each has the right (an option), during specified time periods, to trigger the transfer to the Company by North Finn of 60% of North Finn’s interests in any unearned project areas in which the Company already has an interest, and a simultaneous issuance by the Company to North Finn of 2,900,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock. North Finn’s right of exchange is exercisable at any time on or before July 31, 2012, and the Company’s right of exchange is exercisable at any time beginning August 1, 2010 and ending July 31, 2012. If the exchange occurs and the Company receives the 60% interest from North Finn, the Company will not earn or fund any additional interests in the North Finn acreage under the participation agreement. In many of the joint project areas, North Finn owns a 25% working interest and the Company owns a 75% working interest.
North Finn has not exercised its option nor made a commitment to exercise under the AICPA Emerging Issues Task Force Interpretation 96-18, whereby the value of North Finn’s option is not currently recognized in our financial statements.
Office Lease
The Company had a sublease agreement, and shared common office space, with Tower Energy Corporation, a related entity, for rent of its general corporate office facilities. In March 2006, the Company signed an amendment to the lease agreement whereby the Company leased and occupied new office space starting in May 2006. Upon occupying the new office space, the Company became the Tenant under the lease. The Company is obligated to pay the following minimum future rental commitments under the noncancelable operating lease of office space:
                 
            Office Lease  
Year           Obligations  
2008
          $ 152,564  
2009
            155,986  
2010
            159,408  
2011
            162,820  
2012
            166,252  
Thereafter
            69,866  
Delay Rentals
In conjunction with the Company’s working interests in undeveloped oil and gas prospects, the Company must pay approximately $247,000 in delay rentals during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 to maintain the right to explore these prospects. The Company continually evaluates its leasehold interests, therefore certain leases may be abandoned by the Company in the normal course of business.

 

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NOTE 14 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
At December 31, 2007, we had $17,325,000 in short-term investments in AAA credit-rated, Auction Market Preferred Stocks (AMPS) issued by various U.S. mutual funds. These auction rate securities normally provide liquidity via an auction process occurring every 7 days or every 28 days, at which time the dividend rate is reset. Dividends on these securities are paid on the day after the scheduled auction date. Recently, these auctions and similar auctions have had insufficient bids to buy the securities from those wishing to sell. On March 14, 2008, we owned auction-rate securities with a par value of $17,250,000 that we could not immediately liquidate at par value. To increase our cash balances to approximately $9,600,000, we borrowed $8,600,000 on March 14, 2008 from an affiliate of our broker. The loan is secured by our AMPS investments and matures on September 30, 2008. It bears interest currently approximating a 5.5% annual rate. The rate will change with changes in the overnight LIBOR. We plan to pay the interest from the AMPS weekly and monthly dividends, which on average currently approximate a 4.5% annual rate and are typically set at 125% to 150% of LIBOR or AA Commercial Paper for the payment month.
We seek to liquidate our AMPS as soon as possible. Our $17,250,000 in AMPS were issued by closed-end taxable US mutual funds investing in corporate securities, rather than muni tax-free securities. Closed-end mutual funds managed by Calamos Advisors LLC (“Calamos”) issued $11,250,000 of our AMPS. On March 3, 2008, Calamos issued a statement that it is evaluating solutions to provide liquidity to AMPS holders and that the solution Calamos settles upon as a sponsor “must address our intent to return dollar for dollar the investment that preferred security holders entrusted to the funds . . .” Eaton Vance and Nuveen, the managers of sixteen similar taxable closed end funds have recently announced that they have arranged debt financing to allow their taxable closed-end mutual funds to redeem fully or begin redeeming their $5.9 billion of AMPS. On March 11, 2008, the Federal Reserve announced a program to provide up to $200 billion in short-term Treasury securities to major Wall Street investment firms and banks.
If we are able to redeem or sell at par value our $11,250,000 in Calamos AMPS in the near future, we believe we could still borrow $3,000,000 on the remaining $6,000,000 of AMPS. In addition to taking our AMPS for sale at their 7-day and 28-day auctions, we are exploring other liquidity options. If, and to the extent, we are unable to substantially liquidate the AMPS in 2008, we may need to raise cash by other means to fully fund our future capital expenditures.
NOTE 15 — INFORMATION REGARDING PROVED OIL AND GAS RESERVES (UNAUDITED)
The information presented below regarding the Company’s oil and gas reserves were prepared by independent petroleum engineering consultants. All reserves are located within the continental United States.
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.
Proved developed oil and gas reserves are those expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. The determination of oil and gas reserves is highly complex and interpretive. The estimates are subject to continuing change as additional information becomes available.
The complete definition of proved oil and gas reserves appears at Regulation S-X 4-10 (a) (2) (3) and (4). The complete definition of proved developed oil and gas reserves appears at Regulation S-X 4-10 (a) (4), 17 CFR 210. 4-10(a)(4).
Estimated net quantities of proved developed and undeveloped reserves of oil and gas for the year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are presented in tables below.
                         
December 31, 2007   Oil (BBLS)     NGL (BBLS)     Gas (MCF)  
Beginning of year
    91,850             809,847  
Revisions of previous quantity estimates
    (32,906 )     23,937       28,388  
Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries
    54,722       30,307       608,514  
Sales of reserves in place
                 
Production
    (17,267 )     (311 )     (139,590 )
 
                 
End of year
    96,399       53,933       1,307,159  
 
                 
 
                       
Proved developed reserves at end of year
    91,106       53,933       1,277,755  
The 2007 net downward revision in oil reserves is attributable to our interest in the Champion 1-25H well in North Dakota. The well was drilled in late 2006, with excellent shows of oil and significant oil production in February 2007, supportive of proved reserves using the volumetric method and analogy. Subsequent production rates in the fourth quarter of 2007 were substantially less than in February. Reserves were substantially reduced pending further analysis and work on the well.
Proved reserves of natural gas liquids (“NGL”) were insignificant for 2006 and 2005 and were not separately estimated for proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. At December 31, 2007, proved reserves of natural gas liquids accounted for 18% of total proved reserves’ future revenues of $19.8 million for the December 31, 2007 Standardized Measure disclosed later in this Note.

 

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December 31, 2006   Oil (BBLS)     Gas (MCF)  
Beginning of year
    554,702       378,213  
Revisions of Previous quantity estimates
    (35,347 )     136,378  
Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries
    76,347       505,832  
Sales of reserves in place
    (469,274 )     (162,387 )
Production
    (34,578 )     (48,189 )
 
           
End of year
    91,850       809,847  
 
           
 
               
Proved developed reserves at end of year
    86,361       713,236  
Revisions in 2006 related primarily to two wells. The Rogers 1-11H well location drilled in early 2006 was assigned proved undeveloped reserves at 12-31-05 that were revised when actual production demonstrated greater gas reserves and less oil reserves. The Bear Creek Unit #1 well’s production in 2006 justified an increase in its proved gas reserves. Sales of reserves in place in 2006 related to the proved reserves of our Big Sky property interests sold in March 2006. Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries relate to new wells at our Fetter, Goliath and Krejci projects.
                 
December 31, 2005   Oil (BBLS)     Gas (MCF)  
Beginning of year
    321,710       346,270  
Revisions of Previous quantity estimates
    4,208       18,958  
Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries
    307,773       116,067  
Sales of reserves in place
          (43,585 )
Production
    (78,989 )     (59,497 )
 
           
End of year
    554,702       378,213  
 
           
 
               
Proved developed reserves at end of year
    320,698       307,000  
STANDARDIZED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS
RELATING TO PROVED OIL AND GAS RESERVES
Future net cash flows presented below are computed using year-end prices and costs. Future corporate overhead expenses and interest expense have not been included.
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Future cash inflows
  $ 19,840,019     $ 10,421,519     $ 35,159,955  
Future costs:
                       
Production
    (5,792,739 )     (3,276,852 )     (5,768,802 )
Development
    (319,922 )     (716,000 )     (2,825,307 )
Future income tax expense
    (101,000 )     (230,912 )     (706,000 )
 
                 
Future net cash flows
    13,626,358       6,197,755       25,859,846  
10% discount factor
    (5,321,559 )     (1,599,755 )     (12,149,916 )
 
                 
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved reserves
  $ 8,304,799     $ 4,598,000     $ 13,709,930  
 
                 

 

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The principal sources of changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Beginning balance
  $ 4,598,000     $ 13,709,930     $ 5,432,119  
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced
    (1,310,508 )     (1,966,036 )     (4,466,663 )
Net changes in prices and production costs
    1,228,973       (1,637,000 )     3,640,869  
Sales of minerals in place
          (10,800,000 )     (135,472 )
Extensions and discoveries
    4,549,423       3,814,000       6,611,421  
Development costs incurred during the year
    716,000       519,000       1,649,396  
Changes in estimated future development costs
    0       0       (16,255 )
Revisions in previous quantity estimates
    (1,917,123 )     821,000       178,586  
Accretion of discount
    409,034       161,000       565,612  
Change in income taxes
    31,000       (6,200 )     135,000  
Change in rates of production and other
    0       (17,694 )     115,317  
 
                 
Ending balance
  $ 8,304,799     $ 4,598,000     $ 13,709,930  
 
                 
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves and the changes in standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves were prepared in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 69. Future cash inflows were computed by applying current prices at year-end to estimated future production. Future production and development costs (including the estimated asset retirement obligation) are computed by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved oil and gas reserves at year-end, based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future income tax expenses are calculated by applying appropriate year-end tax rates to future pretax cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves, less the tax basis of properties involved and tax credits and loss carryforwards relating to oil and gas producing activities. Future net cash flows are discounted at the rate of 10% annually to derive the standardized measure of discounted future cash flows. This calculation procedure does not necessarily result in an estimate of the fair market value of the present value of the Company’s oil and gas properties.
Standardized Measure Changes in 2007. The aforementioned 2007 downward revision in the proved reserves of the Champion 1-25H well reduced the December 31, 2007 standardized measure by approximately $2.0 million. The $4.5 million standardized measure increase in 2007 includes $3.6 million for our 18.3% and 18.8% carried net revenue interests in the two wells drilled by RTA at Fetter in the second half of 2007, i.e., the Hageman 16-34H-R and the Wallis 6-23, respectively.
Standardized Measure Changes in 2006. As disclosed in Note 3, the Company sold all of its interests in the Big Sky project on March 31, 2006. The sold interests accounted for approximately 88% of the standardized measure at December 31, 2005. Accretion for 2006 shown above does not relate to those proved reserves at December 31, 2005 attributable to the Big Sky interests.
NOTE 16 — SUPPLEMENTAL QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
                                 
2007   First     Second     Third     Fourth  
Revenues
  $ 395,500     $ 416,090     $ 780,963     $ 375,955  
Loss from operations
  $ (1,130,305 )   $ (1,146,316 )   $ (856,508 )   $ (1,143,169 )
Net loss
  $ (709,949 )   $ (546,043 )   $ (268,360 )   $ (1,219,030 )
Loss per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ (0.02 )   $ (0.02 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.04 )
Diluted
  $ (0.02 )   $ (0.02 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.04 )
                                 
2006   First     Second     Third     Fourth  
Revenues
  $ 1,570,852     $ 1,789,033     $ 216,347     $ 210,607  
Income (loss) from operations
  $ (168,752 )   $ 820,582     $ (1,858,216 )   $ (4,831,043 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 2,469,655     $ 2,231,715     $ (1,261,675 )   $ (2,228,472 )
Earnings per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.06     $ 0.05     $ (0.04 )   $ (0.06 )
Diluted
  $ 0.06     $ 0.05     $ (0.04 )   $ (0.06 )
The sum of the individual quarterly net income per common share amounts may not agree with year-to-date net income per common share because each quarterly period’s computation is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during that quarterly period.

 

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Item 9: Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A: Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Evaluations have been performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such terms are defined in Rule 13a—15(e) and 15d—15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based upon those evaluations, management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective as of December 31, 2007 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
Our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all fraud. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Based on the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realties that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Therefore, a control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide such reasonable assurances of achieving our desired control objectives and the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as of December 31, 2007, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in achieving that level of reasonable assurance.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In regards to internal control over financial reporting, our management is responsible for the following:
   
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), and
 
   
assessing the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and affected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel. It was designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management, Board of Directors and external users regarding the fair presentation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
   
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets,
 
   
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorization of our management and board of directors, and
 
   
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

 

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All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control — Integrated Framework.
Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of our internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Based upon the assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2007, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
HEIN & ASSOCIATES, LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited our financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has also audited our management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 as stated in their report included herein.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During 2007, our management regularly evaluated the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting and discussed these matters with our independent accountants and our audit committee. Based on these evaluations and discussions, our management considered what revisions, improvements, or corrections were necessary in order to ensure that our internal controls were effective as our operations and financial reporting requirements changed over time. As a result, we have made significant progress implementing enhancements and corrective actions to our internal controls related to enhancing certain general computer controls over the past year.
We anticipate that implementation of these enhancements will continue through 2008. The principal focus of these enhancements is related to general computer controls which include documenting and adhering to comprehensive system development methodologies when performing system application implementations and upgrades.
There have been no other significant changes in internal controls, or other factors that could significantly affect internal controls, that occurred during the fourth quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors
American Oil & Gas, Inc.

We have audited American Oil & Gas, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). American Oil & Gas, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (Item 9A). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, American Oil & Gas, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of American Oil & Gas, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, cash flows and comprehensive income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 and our report on those statements dated March 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion.

/s/ HEIN & ASSOCIATES LLP

Denver, Colorado
March 14, 2008

 

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Item 9B: Other Information
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 10: Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
See Executive Officers, Board of Directors, Committees of the Board,” and Section 16(a) “Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the American Oil & Gas, Inc. Proxy Statement (“Proxy Statement”), for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company (to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2007) which is incorporated herein by reference.
Our Code of Ethics can be found on our internet website located at www.americanog.com. If we amend the Code of Ethics or grant a waiver, including an implicit waiver, from the Code of Ethics, we intend to disclose the information on our internet website. This information will remain on the website for at least 12 months.
Item 11: Executive Compensation
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Executive Compensation,” and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
Item 12: Securities Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Securities Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13: Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Certain Transactions” and “Corporate Governance” and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
Item 14: Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Auditors’ Fees,” and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
PART IV
Item 15: Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a)(1) Financial Statements (included in Item 8 to this Form 10-K)
         
    Form 10-K Page  
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
    F-2  
 
       
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
    F-3  
 
       
Consolidated Statements of Operations for years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
    F-4  
 
       
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
    F-5  
 
       
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income for years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
    F-6  
 
       
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
  F-7 to F-27

 

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(a)(2) All other schedules have been omitted because the required information is inapplicable or is shown in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
(a)(3) Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
     
Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
2(1)  
Agreement and Plan of Merger with Tower Colombia Corporation dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
3(i)  
Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended.
   
 
3(ii)  
Certificate of Designation of Series A Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Amendment No. 2 to Form SB-2, filed on January 31, 2005.)
   
 
3(iii)  
Bylaws of the Company (as revised on December 20, 2007). (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 21, 2007.)
   
 
3(iv)  
Certificate of Designation of Series AA 8% Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-3, filed on March 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(i)*  
2004 Stock Option Plan. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement, filed on June 16, 2004)
   
 
10(ii)  
Form of Warrant Certificate issued as part of the private placement completed on July 22, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on October 4, 2005.)
   
 
10(iii)  
Form of Placement Agent Warrant Certificate issued in connection with the private placement completed on July 22, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on October 4, 2005.)
   
 
10(iv)  
January 17, 2003 Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between the Company, Tower Colombia Corporation and North Finn, LLC. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K, filed on February 3, 2003.)
   
 
10(v)  
January 17, 2003 Participation Agreement by and between the Company, Tower, North Finn, and the principals of Tower and North Finn. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the calendar ending December 31, 2002, filed on March 31, 2003.)
   
 
10(vi)  
Model Form Operating Agreement dated February 18, 2003. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB/A, filed on November 18, 2003.)
   
 
10(vii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Andrew P. Calerich dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(viii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Patrick D. O’Brien dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)

 

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Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
10(ix)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Bobby G. Solomon dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(x)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Kendell V. Tholstrom dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(xi)  
Participation Agreement between the Company and North Finn LLC dated January 5, 2006. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.)
   
 
10(xii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Joseph B. Feiten. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 31, 2006.)
   
 
10(xiii)*  
Stock Option Agreement between the Company and Joseph B. Feiten. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 31, 2006.)
   
 
10(xiv)  
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated September 1, 2006, between SunStone Oil & Gas, LLC and the Company. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(xv)  
Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 1, 2006, by and among the Company and the investors listed therein. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(xvi)  
Purchase and Sale Agreement dated March 31, 2006 by and between the Company and Enerplus Resources (USA) Corporation. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the period ended September 30, 2006.)
   
 
10(xvii)  
Participation Agreement dated January 17, 2007 among the Company, Red Technology Alliance LLC and North Finn LLC. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 23, 2007.)
   
 
10(xviii)*  
2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement, as amended, filed on July 26, 2006)
   
 
10(xix)  
Form of Stock Option Agreement for awards under 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2007).
   
 
10(xx)  
Placement Agency Agreement dated April 11, 2007 by and between the Company and A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. and C.K. Cooper & Company (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2007).
   
 
10(xxi)  
Form of Subscription Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2007).

 

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Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
10(xxii)*  
Employment Agreement dated June 15, 2007 by and between the Company and Peter Loeffler (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 19, 2007).
   
 
10(xxiii)  
Participation Agreement dated June 25, 2007 by and among Red Technology Alliance, LLC, the Company and North Finn, LLC (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007).
   
 
10(xxiv)  
Promissory Note and Security Agreement dated March 14, 2008 by and between the Company and Jefferies Group, Inc.
   
 
21(i)  
Subsidiary List.
   
 
23(i)  
Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers and Geologists
   
 
23(ii)  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
   
 
31.1  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
31.2  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
32.1  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
32.2  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
*  
Management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements

 

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SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, this 14th day of March, 2008.
         
 

American Oil & Gas, Inc.
 
 
  /s/ Andrew P. Calerich    
  Andrew P. Calerich    
  President   
 
In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
Signature   Title   Date
 
       
/s/ Patrick D. O’Brien
  Chief Executive Officer and Chairman   March 14, 2008
 
Patrick D. O’Brien
  (Principal Executive Officer)    
 
       
/s/ Andrew P. Calerich
  President and Director   March 14, 2008
 
Andrew P. Calerich
       
 
       
/s/ Joseph B. Feiten
  Chief Financial Officer   March 14, 2008
 
Joseph B. Feiten
  (Principal Financial Officer)    
 
       
/s/ M.S. (“Moni”) Minhas
  Director   March 14, 2008
 
M.S. (“Moni”) Minhas
       
 
       
/s/ Nick DeMare
  Director   March 14, 2008
 
Nick DeMare
       
 
       
/s/ Jon R. Whitney
  Director   March 14, 2008
 
Jon R. Whitney
       

 

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Exhibit Index
     
Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
2(1)  
Agreement and Plan of Merger with Tower Colombia Corporation dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
3(i)  
Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended.
   
 
3(ii)  
Certificate of Designation of Series A Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Amendment No. 2 to Form SB-2, filed on January 31, 2005.)
   
 
3(iii)  
Bylaws of the Company (as revised on December 20, 2007). (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 21, 2007.)
   
 
3(iv)  
Certificate of Designation of Series AA 8% Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-3, filed on March 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(i)*  
2004 Stock Option Plan. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement, filed on June 16, 2004)
   
 
10(ii)  
Form of Warrant Certificate issued as part of the private placement completed on July 22, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on October 4, 2005.)
   
 
10(iii)  
Form of Placement Agent Warrant Certificate issued in connection with the private placement completed on July 22, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on October 4, 2005.)
   
 
10(iv)  
January 17, 2003 Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between the Company, Tower Colombia Corporation and North Finn, LLC. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K, filed on February 3, 2003.)
   
 
10(v)  
January 17, 2003 Participation Agreement by and between the Company, Tower, North Finn, and the principals of Tower and North Finn. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the calendar ending December 31, 2002, filed on March 31, 2003.)
   
 
10(vi)  
Model Form Operating Agreement dated February 18, 2003. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB/A, filed on November 18, 2003.)
   
 
10(vii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Andrew P. Calerich dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(viii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Patrick D. O’Brien dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(ix)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Bobby G. Solomon dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)

 

40


Table of Contents

     
Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
10(x)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Kendell V. Tholstrom dated effective April 21, 2005. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed on April 27, 2005.)
   
 
10(xi)  
Participation Agreement between the Company and North Finn LLC dated January 5, 2006. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.)
   
 
10(xii)*  
Employment Agreement between the Company and Joseph B. Feiten. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 31, 2006.)
   
 
10(xiii)*  
Stock Option Agreement between the Company and Joseph B. Feiten. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 31, 2006.)
   
 
10(xiv)  
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated September 1, 2006, between SunStone Oil & Gas, LLC and the Company. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(xv)  
Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 1, 2006, by and among the Company and the investors listed therein. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2006.)
   
 
10(xvi)  
Purchase and Sale Agreement dated March 31, 2006 by and between the Company and Enerplus Resources (USA) Corporation. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the period ended September 30, 2006.)
   
 
10(xvii)  
Participation Agreement dated January 17, 2007 among the Company, Red Technology Alliance LLC and North Finn LLC. (Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 23, 2007.)
   
 
10(xviii)*  
2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement, as amended, filed on July 26, 2006)
   
 
10(xix)  
Form of Stock Option Agreement for awards under 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2007).
   
 
10(xx)  
Placement Agency Agreement dated April 11, 2007 by and between the Company and A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. and C.K. Cooper & Company (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2007).
   
 
10(xxi)  
Form of Subscription Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2007).
   
 
10(xxii)*  
Employment Agreement dated June 15, 2007 by and between the Company and Peter Loeffler (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 19, 2007).
   
 
10(xxiii)  
Participation Agreement dated June 25, 2007 by and among Red Technology Alliance, LLC, the Company and North Finn, LLC (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007).
   
 
10(xxiv)  
Promissory Note and Security Agreement dated March 14, 2008 by and between the Company and Jefferies Group, Inc.
   
 
21(i)  
Subsidiary List.

 

41


Table of Contents

     
Exhibit No.   Description
   
 
23(i)  
Consent of Independent Petroleum Engineers and Geologists
   
 
23(ii)  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
   
 
31.1  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
31.2  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
32.1  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
32.2  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
*  
Management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements

 

42

EX-3.I 2 c72661exv3wi.htm EXHIBIT 3 (I) Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 3 (i)
         
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.
Name of Corporation
I, the undersigned, Alan Gelfand, as Secretary of American Oil & Gas, Inc. (the “Corporation”), do hereby certify:
That the Board of Directors of the Corporation, at a meeting duly convened and held on the 29th day of May 2003, adopted a resolution recommending that the Corporation’s stockholders amend the articles of incorporation as follows:
Article IV is hereby amended to read as follows:
“IV. AUTHORIZATION OF CAPITAL STOCK: The total number of shares of capital stock the Corporation is authorized to issue is One Hundred Twenty-Five Million (125,000,000), which is divided into two classes: (1) One Hundred Million (100,000,000) shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share; and (2) Twenty-Five Million (25,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share. The class of preferred stock may be divided into such series as may be established by the Board of Directors, as provided in sections 78.195 and 78.196 of the Nevada Revised Statutes.
The Board of Directors shall have the authority, by resolution, (1) to divide the Preferred Stock into more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class; (2) to establish and fix the distinguishing designation of each such series and the number of shares thereof, which number, by like action of the Board of Directors, from time to time thereafter, may be increased, except when otherwise provided by the Board of Directors in creating such series, or may be decreased, but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding; and (3) within the limitations of applicable law of the State of Nevada or as otherwise set forth in this Article, to fix and determine the relative voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of the various classes of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions such rights of each series so established prior to the issuance thereof.”
At an Annual Meeting of stockholders (“Annual Meeting”) of the Corporation held on June 27, 2003, the stockholders of the Corporation approved, pursuant to section 78.390 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, the said amendment to the Corporation’s articles of incorporation. The record date for the Annual Meeting was May 9, 2003, and at the close of business on such record date the number of shares of the Corporation’s common stock outstanding and entitled to vote on an amendment to the articles of incorporation was 22,911,464. At the Annual Meeting, a quorum was present and the said amendment to the Corporation’s articles of incorporation was consented to and approved by a vote of the stockholders holding shares in the Corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power. The corporation had only one class of outstanding stock as of May 9, 2003.

1


 

This Certificate of Amendment to the Corporation’s articles of incorporation shall become effective upon filing.
         
     
     /s/ Alan Gelfand   
    Alan Gelfand, Secretary   

2


 

         
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
DRGOODTEETH.COM
Name of Corporation
I, the undersigned, Alan Gelfand, do hereby certify:
That the Board of Directors of DRGOODTEETH.COM (the “Corporation”), at a meeting duly convened and held on the 10th day of January 2003, adopted a resolution recommending that the Corporation’s stockholders amend the articles of incorporation as follows:
Article I is hereby amended to read as follows:
NAME: The name of the corporation is American Oil & Gas Inc.
The number of shares of the corporation’s common stock outstanding and entitled to vote on an amendment to the articles of incorporation is 4,000,000, that the said change and amendment has been consented to and approved by a vote of the stockholders holding at least a majority of each class of stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon. The corporation has only one class of outstanding stock.
This Certificate of Amendment to the Corporation’s articles of incorporation shall become effective on January 17, 2003.
         
     
     /s/ Alan Gelfand    
    Alan Gelfand, President   
 
             
Province of British Columbia
    )      
 
    )     SS.
City of Vancouver
    )      
On this 14th day of January 2003 personally appeared before me, a Notary Public, Alan Gelfand, president of DRGOODTEETH.COM, who acknowledged that he executed the above document.
         
     
     /s/ Ari Shack    
    Notary Public   

3


 

ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
DrGoodTeeth.com
     The undersigned, to form a Nevada corporation, CERTIFIES THAT:
     I. NAME: The name of the corporation is: DrGoodTeeth.com.
     II. REGISTERED OFFICE: RESIDENT AGENT: The location of the registered office of this corporation within the State of Nevada is 711 S. Carson St., Suite 4, Carson City, Nevada 89701; this corporation may maintain an office or offices in such other place within or without the State of Nevada as may be from time to time designated by the Board of Directors or by the By-Laws of the corporation; and this corporation may conduct all corporation business of every kind or nature, including the holding of any meetings of directors or shareholders, inside or outside the State of Nevada, as well as without the State of Nevada.
     The Resident Agent for the corporation shall be Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc., 711 S. Carson St., Suite 4, Carson City, Nevada 89701.
     III. PURPOSE: The purpose for which this corporation is formed is: To engage in any lawful activity.
     IV. AUTHORIZATION OF CAPITAL STOCK: The amount of the total authorized capital stock of the corporation shall be ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND Dollars ($100,000.00), consisting of ONE HUNDRED MILLION (100,000,000) shares of Common Stock, par value $.001 per share.
     V. INCORPORATOR: The name and post office address of the Incorporator signing these Articles of Incorporation is as follows:
     
NAME   POST OFFICE ADDRESS
 
   
Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc.
  711 S. Carson St., Suite 4
Carson City, Nevada 89701
     VI. DIRECTORS: The governing board of this corporation shall be known as directors, and the first Board shall consist of three (3) directors.
     The number of directors may, pursuant to the By-Laws, be increased or decreased by the Board of Directors, provided there shall be no less than one (1) nor more than nine (9) Directors.
     The name and post office addresses of the directors constituting the first Board of Directors is as follows:

4


 

     
NAME   POST OFFICE ADDRESS
 
   
Dr. Anchana Chayawatana
  295/42 Ngarmwongwan 23 Road
Nonthaburi 11000 Thailand
 
   
Lt. Dr. Somdul Manpiankarn
  237/466 Soi Saitong, Tiwanon Rd.
Nonthaburi 11000 Thailand
 
   
Dr. Bancha Luengaram
  240/28 Charansanitwong Rd.
Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700 Thailand
     VII. STOCK NON-ASSESSABLE: The capital stock, or the holders thereof, after the amount of the subscription price has been paid in, shall not be subject to any assessment whatsoever to pay the debts of the corporation.
     VIII. TERM OF EXISTENCE: This corporation shall have perpetual existence.
     IX. CUMULATIVE VOTING: No cumulative voting shall be permitted in the election of directors.
     X. PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS: Shareholders shall not be entitled to preemptive rights.
     XI. LIMITED LIABILITY: No officer or director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as an officer or director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the officer or directors duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its Stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, or (iii) for any transaction from which the officer or director derived any improper personal benefit. If the Nevada General Corporation Law is amended after the date of incorporation to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of officers or directors, then the liability of an officer or director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada General Corporation Law, or amendments thereto. No repeal or modification of this paragraph shall adversely affect any right or protection of an officer or director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification.
     XII. INDEMNIFICATION: Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a proceeding), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was an officer or director of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as an officer or director of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as an officer or director shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the Nevada General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, excise taxes or penalties and amounts to be

5


 

paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be an officer or director and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however, that except as provided herein with respect to proceedings seeking to enforce rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. The right to indemnification conferred in this Section shall be a contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided however, that, if the Nevada General Corporation Law requires the payment of such expenses incurred by an officer or director in his or her capacity as an officer or director (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while an officer or director, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding, payment shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such officer or director, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such officer or director is not entitled to be indemnified under the Section or otherwise.
     If a claim hereunder is not paid in full by the Corporation within ninety days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may, at any time thereafter, bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful, in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any, is required, has been tendered to the corporation) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct which make it permissible under the Nevada General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders), to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Nevada General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
     The right to indemnification and the payment of expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred in this Section shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, By-Law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.
     The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any officer, director, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the Nevada General Corporation Law.

6


 

     The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Section with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of officers and directors of the Corporation or individuals serving at the request of the Corporation as an officer, director, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
     THE UNDERSIGNED, being the Incorporator hereinafter named for the purpose of forming a corporation pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the State of Nevada, does make and file these Articles of Incorporation, hereby declaring and certifying the facts herein stated are true, and, accordingly, has hereunto set her hand this 14th day of February, 2000.
         
     
     /s/ Patricia A. Bozin    
    Patricia A. Bozin, Sole Incorporator for   
    Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc.   
 
             
STATE OF NEVADA
    )      
 
    )     SS.
COUNTY OF CARSON
    )      
     On this 14th day of February, 2000, before me, a Notary Public, personally appeared Patricia A. Bozin, who acknowledged to me that she executed the above instrument.
         
     
     /s/ Alan Teegardin    
    Notary Public   

7


 

         
CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE
OF APPOINTMENT BY RESIDENT AGENT
     In the matter of DrGoodTeeth.com, I, Patricia A. Bozin, on behalf of Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc., with address at 711 S. Carson St., Suite 4, Carson City, Nevada 89701, hereby accept the appointment as Resident Agent of the above-entitled corporation in accordance with NRS 78.090.
     Furthermore, that the mailing address for the above registered office is 711 S. Carson St. Suite 4, Carson City, Nevada 89701.
     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I hereunto set my hand this 14th day of February, 2000.
         
     
     /s/ Patricia A. Bozin    
    Patricia A. Bozin for
Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc. 
 

8


 

         
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
             
STATE OF NEVADA
    )      
 
    )     SS.
CITY OF CARSON
    )      
     On this 14th day of February, 2000 Sandra L. Miller personally appeared be for me, a Notary Public, and acknowledged to me that she executed the foregoing instrument for the purposes therein set forth.
         
     
     /s/ Patricia A. Bozin    
    NOTARY PUBLIC   
 
CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT OF RESIDENT AGENT
IN THE MATTER OF: SKK GROUP, INC.
     Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc., with address at 711 S. Carson, Carson City, Nevada 89701, hereby accepts the appointment as Resident Agent of the above-entitled corporation in accordance with NRS 78.090.
     Furthermore, that the mailing address for the above registered office is as set forth above.
     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I hereunto set my hand this 14th day of February 2000.
         
     
  By   /s/ Sandra L. Miller    
    Sandra L. Miller   
    Resident Agents of Nevada, Inc.
Resident Agents 
 

9

EX-10.XXIV 3 c72661exv10wxxiv.htm EXHIBIT 10.24 Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 10(xxiv)

PROMISSORY NOTE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

This PROMISSORY NOTE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into as of this 14th day of March, 2008 between American Oil & Gas, Inc., a Nevada corporation ( the “Borrower”), and Jefferies Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Lender”).

WHEREAS, Lender has previously, or concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, lent to the Borrower an amount equal $8,600,000 (the “Loan”);

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.  
Promise to Pay. For value received, the Borrower promises to pay to the order of the Lender, in lawful money of the United States of America, in immediately available funds, the principal amount of Eight Million, Six Hundred Thousand Dollars ($8,600,000) or the then outstanding principal amount of the Loan, together with interest thereon, on or prior to September 30, 2008. The principal amount of the Loan (and any accrued and unpaid interest) shall bear interest from the date hereof at a rate equal to the Overnight London Interbank Offered Rate (as quoted on Bloomberg) plus 2.5%. Interest will accrue each month and shall be paid on or prior to the fifth business day of every month.

2.  
Voluntary Prepayment. The Borrower shall have the right, at any time, or from time to time, to prepay, without premium or penalty, the whole or any part of the principal or interest amount owing hereunder and then unpaid.

3.  
Fees and Expenses. The Borrower agrees to pay all fees, costs, and expenses, including all reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, incurred by the Lender in connection with the enforcement of this Agreement or in connection with any other matters contemplated by or arising under this Agreement.

4.  
Application of Payments. All payments made hereunder shall be applied first to any unpaid costs, fees and expenses payable to the Lender hereunder, then to principal and accrued interest.

5.  
Security Interest. As security for the payment of all principal, interest, fees, costs, expenses, indemnities and any other indebtedness arising under or in connection with this Agreement, whether now existing or hereafter arising (collectively, the “Obligations”), Borrower hereby pledges its interests in, and grants to the Lender a continuing security interest in and lien on all of, the Borrower’s right, title, and interest in, to and under Account No. 101-90036 held at Jefferies & Company, Inc. and all of the financial assets contained now or hereafter in such account (collectively, the “Collateral”). The Lender may without demand, presentment or notice of any kind (i) exercise all of the rights and remedies provided to a secured party by the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the State of New York or (ii) sell or otherwise dispose of the Collateral or any part thereof and use the proceeds in application of the Obligations in accordance with this Agreement.

6.  
Rights and Remedies. In any legal action or proceeding relating to this Agreement, the Borrower waives the right to interpose any set off or counterclaim of any nature and description and any such set off, counterclaim, claim or cause of action shall not constitute a defense to enforcement of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the security interest as set forth in section 5, Lender shall have full recourse against Borrower for payment of the Obligations.

7.  
Indemnity. The Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless (to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law) the Lender and its affiliates, subsidiaries, officers, directors, employees, agents, controlling persons and successors and assigns from and against any and all liabilities, losses, taxes, damages, costs and expenses of any kind (including reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses) in connection with any liabilities, losses, damages, actions, suits, judgments or investigative or administrative proceedings (“Liabilities”) that may be suffered or incurred by any such indemnified person in connection with this Agreement and the exercise of any rights, remedies or privileges hereunder, other than Liabilities arising as a result of the Lender’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.

 

1


 

8.  
Notices. Any notice, request, demand or other communication permitted or required to be given hereunder shall be in writing, shall be signed by the party giving it, shall be delivered personally or sent by overnight mail by a reputable courier service to the addressee at the address set forth on the signature pages hereof or to such changed address as such party may have fixed by notice and, unless otherwise specifically provided herein, shall be deemed conclusively to have been given when delivered personally or sent by overnight mail delivery by a reputable courier service.

9.  
Rights Cumulative. Each and every right, power and remedy hereby specifically given to the Lender shall be in addition to every other right, power and remedy specifically given under this Agreement or under any other document now or hereafter existing at law or in equity, or by statute, and each and every right, power and remedy whether specifically herein given or otherwise existing may be exercised from time to time or simultaneously and as often and in such order as may be deemed expedient by the Lender. All such rights, powers and remedies shall be cumulative and the exercise or the beginning of exercise of one shall not be deemed a waiver of the right to exercise any other or others. No delay or omission by the Lender in the exercise of any such right, power or remedy and no renewal or extension of any of the Obligations, shall impair any such right, power or remedy or shall be construed to be a waiver thereof.

10.  
Successors and Assigns. All of the Lender’s rights hereunder shall inure to the benefit of its successors and assigns and all duties and obligations of the Borrower shall be binding upon its permitted successors and assigns. The Borrower may not assign any of its rights, duties or obligations under this Agreement without the Lender’s prior written consent.

11.  
Severability. Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.

12.  
Usury Laws. It is the intention of the Lender and Borrower to conform strictly to all applicable usury laws now or hereafter in force, and any interest payable under this Agreement shall be subject to reduction to the amount not in excess of the maximum legal amount allowed under the applicable usury laws as now or hereafter construed by the courts having jurisdiction over such matters. If such interest does exceed the maximum legal rate, it shall be deemed a mistake and such excess shall be canceled automatically, credited against unpaid principal or rebated to Borrower.

13.  
GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO CONFLICTS OF LAWS PRINCIPLES.

14.  
JURISDICTION/WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THE BORROWER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY UNITED STATES FEDERAL COURT OR ANY NEW YORK STATE COURT SITTING IN NEW YORK, NEW YORK IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT AND WAIVES ANY OBJECTION THE BORROWER MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE VENUE OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN SUCH A COURT OR THAT SUCH A COURT IS AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. THE BORROWER HEREBY WAIVES HIS/HER RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT. THE PARTIES AGREE AND CONTEMPLATE THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE PAYMENT OF MONEY ONLY SUBJECT TO THE ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES OF CPLR 3213.

15.  
Amendments. None of the terms or provisions hereof may be waived, altered, modified, limited or amended except by an agreement expressly referring hereto and to which the Lender consents in a writing duly signed by it.

2

 

2


 

16.  
Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original but all of which taken together shall constitute but one agreement.

17.  
Final Agreement. This Agreement embodies the final agreement among the parties and supersedes any and all prior agreements, whether written or oral, relating to the subject matter hereof.

* * *

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

AMERICAN OIL & GAS, INC.

By: /s/ Andrew P. Calerich
Andrew P. Calerich
President

Address: 1050 17th Street, Suite 2400
Denver, Colorado 80265

JEFFERIES GROUP, INC.

By: /s/ Charles J. Hendrickson
Charles J. Hendrickson
Treasurer

Address: 520 Madison Avenue
12th Floor
New York, New York 10022

3

 

3

EX-21.I 4 c72661exv21wi.htm SUBSIDIARY LIST Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 21(i)
     
Subsidiary   State of Incorporation
 
   
Tower American Corporation
  Colorado

 

 

EX-23.I 5 c72661exv23wi.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM ENGINEERS AND GEOLOGISTS Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 23(i)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM
ENGINEERS AND GEOLOGISTS
We hereby consent to the references to our firm, in the context in which they appear, and to our reserve estimates as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of American Oil & Gas Inc. for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as well as in the notes to the financial statements included therein. We also hereby consent to the incorporation by reference of the references to our firm, in the context in which they appear, to our reserve estimates as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, into American Oil & Gas Inc.’s previously filed Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-121941 and No. 333-144057) and Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-128812, No. 333-120987, and No. 333-139648), in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
/s/ Ryder Scott Company L. P.
Ryder Scott Company L. P.
Denver, Colorado
March 10, 2008

 

 

EX-23.II 6 c72661exv23wii.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 23(ii)

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference of the following two reports into American Oil & Gas Inc.’s (“American”) previously filed Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-121941 and No. 333-144057) and Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-128812, No. 333-120987 and No. 333-139648):

   
Our report dated March 14, 2008 on the consolidated financial statements of American as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, and

   
Our report dated March 14, 2008 on American management’s effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007,

which appear in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for American for the year ended December 31, 2007.

/s/ HEIN & ASSOCIATES LLP

Denver, Colorado
March 14, 2008

 

 

EX-31.1 7 c72661exv31w1.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 200 Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Patrick D. O’Brien, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 of American Oil & Gas, Inc.
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 14, 2008
     
/s/ Patrick D. O’Brien
   
     
Patrick D. O’Brien
Chief Executive Officer
   

 

 

EX-31.2 8 c72661exv31w2.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Joseph B. Feiten, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 of American Oil & Gas, Inc.
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 14, 2008
     
/s/ Joseph B. Feiten
   
     
Joseph B. Feiten
Chief Financial Officer
   

 

 

EX-32.1 9 c72661exv32w1.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of American Oil & Gas, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Form 10-K”), I, Patrick D. O’Brien, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and
(2) The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Dated: March 14, 2008
     
/s/ Patrick D. O’Brien
   
     
Patrick D. O’Brien
Chief Executive Officer
   

 

 

EX-32.2 10 c72661exv32w2.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
 

Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of American Oil & Gas, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Form 10-K”), I, Joseph B. Feiten, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and
(2) The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Dated: March 14, 2008
     
/s/ Joseph B. Feiten
   
     
Joseph B. Feiten
Chief Financial Officer
   

 

 

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-----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----