-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, DdwJOFZ0UvQ50VapUolZ/XBwLqDrat1QOtQInCyoMZNg2jNOdHL5XvItE8wrCtET 3q9udnbqfduTPNZeuy2g6A== 0000950133-07-000822.txt : 20070227 0000950133-07-000822.hdr.sgml : 20070227 20070227161822 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950133-07-000822 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 9 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20061231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20070227 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20070227 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ARBITRON INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000109758 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-ENGINEERING, ACCOUNTING, RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT [8700] IRS NUMBER: 520278528 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-01969 FILM NUMBER: 07653512 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 142 WEST 57TH STREET CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10019-3300 BUSINESS PHONE: 2128871300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 142 WEST 57TH STREET CITY: NEW YORK STATE: N1 ZIP: 10019-3300 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: CERIDIAN CORP DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920901 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: CONTROL DATA CORP /DE/ DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: COMMERCIAL CREDIT CO DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19680910 10-K 1 w30393e10vk.htm FORM 10-K FOR ARBITRON, INC. e10vk
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
 
 
 
 
FORM 10-K
 
     
þ
  Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
    For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
or
o
  Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
    For the transition period from          to          
 
Commission file number: 1-1969
Arbitron Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
     
Delaware   52-0278528
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
142 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 
(212) 887-1300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
 
 
  Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 
     
Title of Each Class Registered
 
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
 
Common Stock, par value $0.50 per share
  New York Stock Exchange
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes þ  No o
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Yes o  No þ
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ  No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated file. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer þ          Accelerated Filer o          Non-Accelerated Filer o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o  No þ
 
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock as of June 30, 2006, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (based upon the closing sale price of Arbitron’s common stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange on that date), held by nonaffiliates, was approximately $1,115,039,156.
 
Common stock, par value $0.50 per share, outstanding as of February 23, 2007: 29,740,333 shares
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2007 annual meeting of stockholders, which proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
                 
        Page No.
 
  5
 
  BUSINESS   6
      Overview   6
      Industry Background and Markets   7
      Radio Audience Measurement Services   8
      Software Applications   14
      Local Market Consumer Information Services   14
      Arbitron Cable Services   16
      Arbitron Out-of-Home Services   16
      Custom Research Services   16
      International Operations   16
      Arbitron Corporate Strategy   17
      Customers, Sales and Marketing   17
      Competition   19
      Intellectual Property   19
      Research and Development   20
      Governmental Regulation   20
      Employees   21
      Seasonality   21
      Available Information   21
  RISK FACTORS   22
  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS   30
  PROPERTIES   30
  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS   30
  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS   31
 
  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES   31
  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA   31
  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS   32
      Overview   32
      Known Trends that Management Considers Material   33
      Response Rates and Sample Proportionality   33
      Forward Looking Statements   34
      Stock Repurchase   34
      Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates   34
      Results of Operations   35
      Liquidity and Capital Resources   41
      Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements   44
      New Accounting Pronouncements   44


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        Page No.
 
  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK   45
      Interest Rate Risk   45
      Foreign Currency Risk   45
  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA   45
  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE   79
  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES   79
      Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures   79
      Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting   79
      Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting   79
  OTHER INFORMATION   79
 
  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE   79
  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION   80
  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS   80
  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE   80
  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES   81
 
  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES   81
  85
 EX-4.3
 EX-10.36
 EX-21
 EX-23
 EX-24
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1


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Arbitron owns or has the rights to various trademarks, trade names or service marks used in its radio audience measurement business and subsidiaries, including the following: the Arbitron name and logo, Arbitrendssm, RetailDirect®, RADAR®, Tapscan®, Tapscan WorldWide®, LocalMotion®, Maximi$er®, Maximi$er®Plus, Arbitron PD Advantage®, SmartPlus®, Arbitron Portable People Metertm, Marketing Resources Plus®, MRPsm, PrintPlustm, MapMAKER Directsm, Media Professional®, Media Professional Plussm, Qualitapsm, MediaMastersm, Prospectorsm, and Schedule-Itsm.
 
The trademarks Windows®, Media Rating Council® and Homescan® referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the registered trademarks of others.
 


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The statements regarding Arbitron Inc. and its subsidiaries (“we,” “our,” “Arbitron” or the “Company”) in this document that are not historical in nature, particularly those that utilize terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “likely,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “believes,” or “plans” or comparable terminology, are forward-looking statements based on current expectations about future events, which Arbitron has derived from information currently available to it. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause our results to be materially different from results implied in such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, in no particular order, whether we will be able to:
 
  •  renew contracts with large customers as they expire;
 
  •  successfully execute our business strategies, including implementation of our Portable People Metertm service and entering into potential joint-venture or other third-party agreements;
 
  •  effectively manage the impact of any further consolidation in the radio and advertising agency industries;
 
  •  respond to rapidly changing technological needs of our customer base, including creating new proprietary software systems and new customer products and services that meet these needs in a timely manner;
 
  •  successfully manage the impact on our business of any economic downturn generally and in the advertising market in particular;
 
  •  successfully manage the impact on costs of data collection due to lower respondent cooperation in surveys, privacy concerns, consumer trends, technology changes and/or government regulations;
 
  •  successfully develop and implement technology solutions to measure multi-media and advertising in an increasingly competitive environment; and
 
  •  successfully obtain and/or maintain Media Rating Council accreditation for our audience measurement services.
 
Additional important factors known to Arbitron that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are identified and discussed from time to time in Arbitron’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including in particular the risk factors discussed under the caption “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
The forward-looking statements contained in this document speak only as of the date hereof, and Arbitron undertakes no obligation to correct or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.


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PART I
 
ITEM 1.   BUSINESS
 
Arbitron Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formerly known as Ceridian Corporation (“Ceridian”). Ceridian was formed in 1957; however, its predecessors began operating in 1912. Arbitron’s audience research business commenced in 1949. Arbitron’s principal executive offices are located at 142 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, and its telephone number is (212) 887-1300.
 
The terms “Arbitron” or the “Company” as used in this document refer to Arbitron Inc. and its subsidiaries.
 
Overview
 
Arbitron is an international media and marketing information services firm primarily serving radio, cable television, advertising agencies, advertisers, out-of-home media, online media and, through its Scarborough Research joint venture with The Nielsen Company, formerly known as VNU, Inc., broadcast television and print media. Arbitron currently provides four main services:
 
  •  measuring radio audiences in local markets in the United States;
 
  •  measuring national radio audiences and the audience size and composition of network radio programs and commercials;
 
  •  providing application software used for accessing and analyzing media audience and marketing information data; and
 
  •  providing consumer, shopping and media usage information services to radio, cable television, advertising agencies, advertisers, retailers, out-of-home media, online industries and, through its Scarborough joint venture, broadcast television and print media.
 
Arbitron provides radio audience measurement and related services in the United States to radio stations, advertising agencies and advertisers. Arbitron estimates the size and demographics of audiences of radio stations in local markets in the United States and reports these estimates and related data to its customers. This information is used for advertising transactions in the radio industry. Radio stations use Arbitron’s data to price and sell advertising time, and advertising agencies and advertisers use Arbitron’s data in purchasing advertising time.
 
Arbitron’s Radio All Dimension Audience Research (“RADAR”) service measures national radio audiences and the audience size and composition of network radio programs and commercials.
 
Arbitron provides software applications that give its customers access to Arbitron’s estimates resident in its proprietary database and enable the customers to more effectively analyze and understand that information for sales, management and programming purposes. Some Arbitron software applications also allow customers to access data proprietary to third parties, provided the customer has a separate license to use such third-party data.
 
In addition to its core radio ratings service, which provides primarily quantitative data such as how many people are listening, Arbitron also provides qualitative data on listeners, viewers and readers that contain detailed socioeconomic information and information regarding what the respondents buy, where they shop and what forms of media they use. Arbitron provides these qualitative measures of consumer demographics, retail behavior and media usage in local markets throughout the United States. Arbitron Cable provides qualitative audience information to the advertising sales organizations of local cable companies and national cable networks. Arbitron Out-of-Home provides these qualitative measurements to out-of-home media sales organizations.
 
Arbitron provides custom research services to companies that are seeking to demonstrate the value of their advertising.
 
The comScore Arbitron Online Radio Ratings, a service jointly developed by Arbitron and comScore Networks Inc., is a custom service that measures the national audience of online radio networks.


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Through its CSW Research Limited (“Continental Research”) subsidiary, Arbitron provides media, advertising, financial, public-sector, telecommunications and Internet research services in the United Kingdom and elsewhere in Europe.
 
Arbitron has developed a Portable People Metertm system of audience measurement for commercialization in the United States and has entered into commercial agreements with a number of international media information services companies pursuant to which Arbitron has granted the companies a license to use its PPMtm encoding technology in their audience measurement services in specific countries outside the United States.
 
Arbitron’s quantitative radio audience measurement services and related software have historically accounted for a substantial majority of its revenue. The radio audience measurement service and related software revenues represented approximately 86 percent of Arbitron’s total revenue in 2006 and 2005, and approximately 85 percent in 2004. Arbitron’s revenue from domestic sources and international sources was 96 percent and four percent, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. Additional information regarding revenues by service and by geographical area is provided in Note 19 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Industry Background and Markets
 
Since 1965, Arbitron has delivered to the radio industry reliable and timely radio audience information collected from a representative sample of radio listeners. The presence of credible audience estimates in the radio industry has helped radio stations to price and sell advertising time, and advertising agencies and advertisers to purchase advertising time. The Arbitron ratings have also become a valuable tool for use in radio programming, distribution and scheduling decisions.
 
The consolidation of radio station ownership in the United States has led to a greater diversity of programming formats. As audiences have become more fragmented, advertisers have increasingly sought to tailor their advertising strategies to target specific demographic groups through specific media. The audience information needs of radio broadcasters, advertising agencies and advertisers have correspondingly become more complex. Increased competition and more complex information requirements have heightened the need of radio broadcasters for improved information management systems and more sophisticated means to analyze this information. In addition, there is a demand for high-quality radio audience information internationally from the increasing number of commercial, noncommercial and public broadcasters in other countries.
 
As the importance of reaching niche audiences with targeted marketing strategies increases, broadcasters, publishers, advertising agencies and advertisers increasingly require that information regarding exposure to advertising be provided on a more granular basis and that this information be coupled with more detailed information regarding lifestyles and purchasing behavior. The need to integrate purchase data information with advertising exposure information may create opportunities for innovative approaches to satisfy these information needs.
 
Arbitron provides cable television companies with qualitative information concerning consumer demographics and retail behavior of cable audiences and software applications.
 
Out-of-home media advertising companies have indicated a need for audience information to increase their revenues, particularly as this industry segment has expanded to introduce “place-based” media in new locations, such as malls, airports and cinemas. Audience information for advertisers in the out-of-home sector is minimal. In response to this need, Arbitron provides qualitative audience information, software programs and custom research studies that help show advertisers that out-of-home advertising is an effective way to reach the people who purchase advertisers’ products and services. Arbitron has been working with the out-of-home media industry to help them utilize consumer information services in selling their advertising.


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Each of the services provided by Arbitron are discussed below:
 
Radio Audience Measurement Services
 
Collection of Listener Data Through Diary Methodology.  Arbitron uses listener diaries to gather radio listening data from sample households in 299 U.S. local markets for which it currently provides radio ratings. Participants in Arbitron surveys are selected at random by telephone number. When participants (known as “diarykeepers”) agree to take part in a survey, they are mailed a small pocket-sized diary and asked to record their listening in the diary over the course of a seven-day period. Participants are asked to report in their diary the station(s) to which they are listening, when they are listening and where they are listening, such as home, car, work or other place. Although survey periods are 12 weeks long, no participant keeps a diary for more than seven days. Each diarykeeper receives a diary, instructions for filling it out and a small cash incentive. The incentive varies according to markets, and the range is generally $1.00 to $6.00 for each diarykeeper in the household and up to $10.00 in certain incentive programs for returned diaries. In addition to the diary incentives, follow-up letters and phone calls are used to maximize response rates. Diarykeepers mail the diaries to Arbitron’s operations center in Columbia, Maryland, where Arbitron conducts a series of quality control checks, enters the information into its database and produces periodic audience measurement estimates. Arbitron receives and processes more than 1.5 million diaries every year to produce its audience listening estimates. All markets are measured at least twice each year, and major markets are measured four times per year. Arbitron’s proprietary data regarding radio audience size and demographics are generally then provided to customers through multiyear license agreements.
 
Response Rates and Sample Proportionality.  One of the challenges in measuring radio listening is to ensure that the composition of survey respondents is representative of the market being measured. Arbitron strives to achieve representative samples. For example, if eight percent of the population of a given market is comprised of women aged 18 to 34, Arbitron targets that eight percent of the diarykeepers in the sample are women aged 18 to 34. Therefore, each diarykeeper’s listening should effectively represent not only the diarykeeper’s personal listening but also the listening of the demographic segment in the market overall. In striving to achieve representative samples, Arbitron provides enhanced incentives to certain demographic segments to encourage participation. In markets with high concentrations of Hispanic households, Arbitron also uses Spanish-language interviewers and materials to reach Spanish-speaking households.
 
It has become increasingly difficult and more costly to obtain consent from persons to participate in the surveys. Arbitron must achieve response rates sufficient to maintain confidence in its ratings, the support of the industry and accreditation by the Media Rating Council. Response rates are a quality measure of survey performance and an important factor impacting costs associated with data collection. Overall response rates have declined over the past several years. If response rates continue to decline further or if recruitment costs significantly increase, Arbitron’s radio audience measurement business could be adversely affected. Arbitron has committed extensive efforts and resources to address the decline of response rates.
 
Another measure often used by clients to assess quality in Arbitron’s surveys is proportionality, which refers to how well the distribution of the sample for any individual survey matches the distribution of the population in the market. In recent years, Arbitron’s ability to deliver good proportionality in its surveys among younger demographic groups has deteriorated, caused in part by the trend among some households to disconnect their landline phones, effectively removing these households from the Arbitron sample frame. Arbitron has conducted a number of research tests over the past two years addressing this issue, including calling cellular phones to place diaries. Arbitron expects to phase in cellular-phone-only households into the Arbitron sample frame beginning in 2008.
 
In March 2006, Arbitron announced a comprehensive set of initiatives to bolster response rates and improve sample proportionality among African-American, Hispanic, and young male respondents in Arbitron’s diary-based markets. These initiatives include providing for substantial increases in cash incentives and other survey treatments. Arbitron continues to research and test new measures to address these sample quality challenges.
 
Small Market Initiatives.  In May 2005, Arbitron announced a program designed to increase the stability of radio audience estimates in certain small markets by applying a quarterly rolling-sample approach to surveys covering 110 small markets. The goal of this program is to provide quality enhancements for Arbitron’s service in certain small markets and increase the reliability of reported data by reducing the fluctuations in audience estimates


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from measurement period to measurement period. By combining the quarterly measurement of the related surveys, the sample size for analyzing audience demographics for these small markets will be increased without any increased cost to our customers. The first phase of this program was successfully implemented during the Fall 2005 survey, with all affected reports issued during the three months ended March 31, 2006. The result of these enhancements was 40-50% reduction in ratings share fluctuation. The second phase is scheduled to begin with the release of the Spring 2008 radio survey results. In the second phase, the surveys will be conducted by allocating the placement of diaries evenly over a 12 month period. Audience estimates will then be reported in four reports per year based on the most recent 12 months of sample.
 
Quality Improvement Initiatives.  Arbitron invests in quality improvements for its radio audience measurement service. Current quality improvement initiatives include the following:
 
  •  introducing electronic audience measurement through the Portable People Meter system;
 
  •  improving participation and proportional representation of African-American, Hispanic and young male respondents in diary-based markets;
 
  •  phasing in cellular-phone-only households into the Arbitron sample frame beginning in 2008;
 
  •  maintaining a comprehensive program to address declining response rates; and
 
  •  implementing, effective with the Winter 2007 survey, an Internet-based, electronic diary (eDiary) to complement the standard paper and pencil diary, in diary-based markets.
 
In 2006, quality initiative improvements included the following:
 
  •  improving ethnic measurement, including language usage weighting and personal race/ethnicity classification. Language usage weighting provides that, in addition to weighting based on sex/age, county and race (where applicable), language usage among Hispanics will be an additional weighting factor in certain Arbitron markets. Personal race/ethnicity means that Arbitron classifies the race and ethnicity of diarykeepers at the individual participant level rather than a group classification of everyone in the household;
 
  •  completing the first phase of a program designed to increase the stability of radio audience estimates in certain small markets. In the second phase, beginning in 2008, the surveys will be conducted by allocating the placement of diaries evenly over a 12-month period;
 
  •  launching eBook in 2006, an electronic version of Arbitron’s current printed Radio Market Report book;
 
  •  implementing Total Line reporting for simulcast stations. Stations that are 100 percent simulcasting may request Arbitron to report their estimates in a single combined total line in all applications and reports; and
 
  •  introducing the first phase of a multistage program to improve the measurement of new audio sources, including Internet and satellite.
 
Portable People Meter Ratings Service.  For several years, Arbitron has pursued a strategy of evolving its data collection business from diaries, which are mostly completed by hand and returned by mail from respondents, to portable electronic measurement devices, which passively provide measurement services without additional manual effort by the respondents beyond carrying or wearing the meter. This strategy has been pursued to improve quality by taking advantage of new technological capabilities and to address the vast increase in media delivery vehicles, both inside and outside of the home.
 
Arbitron has developed a PPM system capable of measuring radio, broadcast television, cable television, Internet broadcasts, satellite radio and television audiences, and retail store video and audio broadcasts. The PPM device is a small mobile phone-sized device that is worn or carried by a survey participant throughout the day. It automatically detects inaudible codes that radio, broadcast television, cable television, Internet and satellite radio and satellite television providers embed in the audio portion of their programming, using encoders provided by Arbitron. These proprietary codes identify the media to which a participant is exposed throughout the day without the person having to engage in manual recording activities. At the end of each day, the PPM device is placed into a base station that recharges the device and sends the collected codes to Arbitron for tabulation.


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In addition to using the encoding and decoding capabilities of the PPM system, Arbitron is also exploring the use of audio matching as a means to measure listening to stations that are not encoded with the PPM system. Audio matching collects audio signatures for any broadcast a PPM respondent is exposed to, which are later matched to signatures collected by an in-market monitoring system.
 
There are several advantages of the PPM system. It is simple and easy for respondents to use. It requires no button pushing, no recall and no effort to identify and write down channels or radio stations tuned to by respondents. The PPM system is able to passively detect exposure to encoded media by identifying each source through unique identification codes. The PPM system will help support the media industry’s increased focus on accountability to advertisers for the investments made by advertisers. It will help to shorten the time period between when advertising runs and when audience delivery is reported, and will provide multimedia measurement from the same respondent. Since the PPM system panels have larger weekly and monthly samples, more stable trends are expected. In addition, the PPM technology is capable of measuring new digital platforms, time-shifted broadcasts and retail, sports and music venues. The PPM technology may potentially be used to measure out-of-home media, print, commercials and entertainment audio, such as movies and video games.
 
After conducting its first market trial of the PPM system in Manchester, England, in 1999, Arbitron conducted a market trial in Wilmington, Delaware, in 2000 and 2001. In late 2001 through 2003, Arbitron conducted a market trial for the television and radio markets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 
In late 2004, Arbitron began recruiting consumers to participate in a market demonstration utilizing PPM technology to be conducted in Houston, Texas. More than 100 media outlets were encoded (including radio, broadcast television and cable television) as well as top retailers, including Kroger, Best Buytm and Gallery Furniture. In September 2005, Arbitron released the first data from this demonstration. Arbitron achieved a number of sample quality performance targets, including recruitment of a representative panel, particularly across ethnic and language usage segments. Arbitron continues to work on improving the performance of recruitment and the daily cooperation rates of young males, African-Americans and Hispanics.
 
In July 2005, the results of a PPM economic impact study were released by the Radio Advertising Bureau (“RAB”). This study, led by the RAB and funded by Arbitron, reported on the potential impact to the radio industry of electronic measurement and a move from diaries to the PPM service for radio audience measurement. The results of the study indicated that advertising expenditures associated with the radio industry would likely increase with a fully deployed PPM electronic ratings system and decrease with a continuation of the existing diary system of radio audience measurement.
 
In May 2000, Arbitron entered into an agreement with Nielsen Media Research, Inc. (“NMR”), a subsidiary of The Nielsen Company and a provider of U.S. television and cable audience measurement services, under which Arbitron granted NMR an option to join Arbitron in the potential commercial deployment of PPM audience measurement in the United States, for both the television and radio industries, and under which the costs of such commercialization would be shared with NMR. On March 1, 2006, Arbitron announced that NMR did not exercise its option and the option was terminated.
 
Arbitron currently is concentrating its efforts on previously announced plans to create a PPM ratings service for radio. Through its custom research services, Arbitron is exploring applications of PPM data, including nonratings programming, marketing and out-of-home services for broadcast television and cable television. Arbitron is also exploring providing services for companies that sell advertising on in-store (retail) media. On March 14, 2006, Arbitron announced that it would begin the rollout of the PPM ratings service as its radio ratings service in the top 50 markets in the United States. Under the Company’s current rollout schedule, which it updated in November 2006, PPM ratings service is expected to be introduced into the top 10 radio markets by the fall of 2008 and into all of the top 50 radio markets two to three years thereafter.
 
On May 18, 2006, Arbitron announced that CBS Radio, which is one of the largest major-market operators in the United States and in 2006 represented approximately nine percent of Arbitron’s revenue, had entered into a seven-year agreement for PPM radio ratings when the new audience ratings technology is deployed in the CBS Radio markets encompassing in Arbitron’s previously announced PPM service rollout plan. In addition to CBS Radio, more than 10 other radio broadcasters have recently signed long-term contracts to use the PPM service if


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Arbitron deploys the PPM service for commercial use. These broadcasters, and the market(s) for which they signed, accounted for more than 40 percent of the total radio advertising dollars in the top 12 U.S. markets in 2005 (the latest annual figures available).
 
To date, Arbitron has signed contracts with a number of national and regional advertising agencies to use the PPM service, if Arbitron deploys the PPM service for commercial use. These agencies accounted for more than 90 percent of the national advertising dollars spent on radio advertising in 2005 (the latest annual figures available).
 
Although additional milestones remain and there is the possibility that the pace of commercialization of the PPM ratings service could be slowed, Arbitron believes that the PPM ratings service represents a significant enhancement to and a viable replacement for its diary-based ratings service in major radio markets, and is an essential component of the Company’s future growth. If the pace of the commercialization of the PPM ratings service is slowed, revenue increases that Arbitron expects related to the service will also be delayed.
 
Commercialization of the PPM ratings service will require a substantial financial investment. The Company believes it has sufficient cash and short-term investments as well as access to the 2006 Credit Facility to fund such requirements. The Company currently estimates that the aggregate capital expenditure associated with PPM ratings service commercialization for audience ratings measurement will be approximately $25.0 million over the first two to three years of commercialization. Arbitron also anticipates that, over the same period, its results of operations will be materially negatively impacted as a result of the rollout of this PPM ratings service. Ultimately, however, the Company believes that, while commercialization of PPM ratings service will have a near-term negative impact on the Company’s results of operations, its operating margins can be restored through the completion of the PPM transition process in the top 50 radio markets, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
 
The amount of capital required for deployment of the PPM ratings service and the impact of the rollout on the Company’s results of operations will be greatly affected by the speed with which the radio industry requests the PPM ratings service and the timing of the rollout. If the radio industry is slow to accept the PPM ratings service, as opposed to the use of diaries or some other competing alternative, then it will take longer to roll out the commercialization of the PPM ratings service, and the costs associated with that deployment will be delayed. On the other hand, if the radio industry asks for electronic measurement sooner rather than later and if Arbitron is able to accommodate such request, Arbitron’s capital needs will accelerate, and the near-term negative impact on the Company’s results of operations will be more significant.
 
In June 2005, Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (“Clear Channel”), which is the largest owner of radio stations in the United States and represented approximately 19 percent of Arbitron’s revenue in 2006, announced that it was issuing a Request for Proposals to create a “state-of-the-art” radio ratings system to replace the current diary measurement system to which it subscribes. This process is ongoing. Clear Channel has organized a cross-industry evaluation committee to review the proposals and this committee is expected to report on its findings in early 2007.
 
On February 9, 2007, The Media Audit/Ipsos announced that they will receive funding from a number of broadcasters to test their competing electronic ratings system in the Houston market. See “Legal Proceedings” in Item 3 of this Form 10-K for a description of Arbitron’s patent infringement lawsuit against The Media Audit/Ipsos.
 
Portable People Meter Service — 2007 Developments.  Philadelphia became the first radio market to be electronically measured in January 2007. After two months of pre-currency measurement, the March PPM-based ratings will become the currency for radio advertising transactions in Philadelphia. On January 29, 2007, Arbitron announced that the Media Rating Council (“MRC”) had accredited the PPM radio ratings data in Houston. Houston had been Arbitron’s radio and television demonstration market for the Portable People Meter since mid-2005. Arbitron previously committed to achieving accreditation prior to commercialization in that market. Arbitron is committed to pursuing MRC accreditation of the PPM methodology as it is deployed in all PPM markets.
 
Portable People Meter Service — International.  Arbitron has entered into commercial agreements with a number of international media information services companies pursuant to which Arbitron has granted the companies a license to use its PPM encoding technology in their audience measurement services in specific countries outside the United States. Use of the PPM service continues to increase internationally. It is currently


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being used in seven countries. On March 24, 2006, Arbitron announced that TNS Inc. (“TNS”), a PPM service licensee, signed a five-year contract with the Kazakhstan television Joint Industry Committee to provide trading currency television audience measurement using Arbitron’s PPM system. TNS and the Steadman Group also announced plans to provide industry audience measurement for radio, television and print to Kenya.
 
On May 18, 2006, Arbitron announced that RAJAR (Radio Joint Audience Research Limited), the industry radio ratings consortium for the United Kingdom, in combination with BARB (Broadcaster’s Audience Research Board), the joint industry committee responsible for television audience measurement in the United Kingdom, selected Arbitron’s PPM system for an electronic radio and television audience measurement demonstration panel in London, a market of more than six million persons. This two-year panel will operate in parallel to the current ratings systems in the United Kingdom and the data will be analyzed separately.
 
In December 2006, TNS Gallup was awarded contracts to measure television audiences in Denmark and Norway using the PPM encoding technology.
 
These international licenses are not currently a material part of Arbitron’s business.
 
National Marketing Panel Service (“Project Apollo”).  On February 1, 2007, Arbitron announced the formation of a jointly owned limited liability company with NMR, named Project Apollo LLC (the “LLC”). The LLC was formed to complete the development and testing of the Project Apollo marketing research service and the expansion of the pilot panel to a full national service, if the test results meet expectations and generate marketplace support. Following this development and testing and prior to the expansion of the pilot panel to a full national service, either Arbitron or NMR may exercise an option to terminate the LLC. The objective of this service is to provide multimedia exposure data combined with sales data from a single source to produce a measure of advertising effectiveness for advertisers, agencies and broadcasters in order to correlate advertising with shopping behavior and sales. Since April 2005, Arbitron and The Nielsen Company have shared costs and capital expenditures associated with the development and deployment of a pilot panel to demonstrate the national market research service. In January 2006, Arbitron announced that a pilot panel of more than 5,000 households and 11,000 people had been installed as part of the demonstration process. The following seven advertisers, which in the aggregate spent more than $6.8 billion on advertising on U.S.-measured media in 2005 (the latest annual figures available), are collaborating with the LLC: Kraft, Pepsi, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, SC Johnson, Unilever and Wal-Mart. These companies have each signed an agreement to receive Project Apollo pilot panel data.
 
AC Nielsen (US) Inc., an affiliate of NMR, has entered into an agreement with the LLC to permit the LLC to use its Homescan Panel and certain other data and recruit panelists, tabulate data, and provide related services. Arbitron has entered into an agreement with the LLC under which Arbitron will license PPM data and equipment to the LLC and provide other data collection and transmission services.
 
This innovative service would consist of a panel of participants, each of whom would receive incentives to carry Arbitron’s PPM device, which would collect the participants’ exposure to multiple media sources. Data on consumer preferences and purchases with respect to a wide range of services and products would also be collected from panelists, electronically and through surveys, with the expectation of using households from The Nielsen Company’s ACNielsen Homescan consumer panel, which currently tracks packaged-goods purchases. Data would be collected in aggregate form to provide an understanding of participants’ media interactions and their resulting shopping and purchasing behavior. The ultimate objective would be to provide advertisers with an enhanced ability to determine the return on investment for their marketing efforts.
 
The World Federation of Advertisers, a worldwide network of 55 National Advertiser Associations located on five continents and including over 40 of the world’s top 100 advertisers, has officially endorsed the development of Project Apollo in the United States. The national marketing research service is a new service, however, for which market acceptance is not yet known. This service would require substantial additional expenditures if it ultimately proves to be a viable commercial service. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred approximately $8.9 million of net expenditures relating to the national marketing panel pilot. If a decision is made to commercialize this service, substantial additional expenditures would be incurred during the next few years.
 
Since the pilot program for the national marketing service is in progress and customer response is preliminary, it is not yet possible to provide a meaningful assessment of future costs associated with a potential


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commercialization of this service. However, the same general cost pattern would apply as with the PPM ratings service, which is that substantial costs would have to be incurred in advance of revenues. This would result in a materially negative impact on results of operations in the first three to four years of commercialization.
 
Radio Market Report and Other Data Services.  Arbitron’s listening estimates are provided in a number of different reports that are published and licensed to its customers. The cornerstone of Arbitron’s radio audience measurement services is the Radio Market Report, which is available in all local markets for which Arbitron currently provides radio ratings. The Radio Market Report provides audience estimates for those stations in a market that meet Arbitron’s Minimum Reporting Standards. The estimates cover a wide variety of demographics and dayparts, which are the time periods for which audience estimates are reported. Each Radio Market Report contains estimates to help radio stations, advertising agencies and advertisers understand who is listening to the radio, which stations they are listening to, and the time and location of the listening.
 
Arbitron licenses its respondent-level database through Maximi$er and Maximi$er Plus, which are services for radio stations, and Media Professional and Media Professional Plus, which are services for advertising agencies and advertisers. Arbitron’s respondent-level database allows radio stations, advertising agencies and advertisers to customize survey areas, dayparts, demographics and time periods to support targeted marketing strategies. The Maximi$er service includes a Windows-based application to access a market’s entire radio diary database on a client’s personal computer. Radio stations use the Maximi$er service to produce information about their station and programming not available in Arbitron’s published Radio Market Reports. The Maximi$er Plus service allows radio stations to access Arbitron’s National Regional Database (“NRD”) to analyze ratings information for customer-defined groupings of stations in multiple markets and counties. The Media Professional service is designed to help advertising agencies and advertisers plan and buy radio advertising time quickly, accurately and easily. These services integrate radio planning and buying into one comprehensive research and media-buying tool. It allows advertising agencies and advertisers to uncover key areas critical to the buying process, including determining the most effective media target, understanding market trends and identifying potential new business. The Media Professional Plus service allows advertising agencies and advertisers to access Arbitron’s NRD to create custom geographies and trade areas using radio Metro, television DMA and/or county information. Media Professional Plus also provides the data on a specific trading area’s cost per point needed to help advertising agencies and advertisers place more efficient media buys.
 
In addition to the licensing above, Arbitron is offering third-party software providers and customers a license to use proprietary software that will enable enhanced access to Arbitron’s respondent level data.
 
In May 2005, Arbitron announced a program designed to increase the stability of radio audience estimates in certain small markets by applying a quarterly rolling-sample approach to surveys covering 110 small markets. The goal of this program is to provide quality enhancements for our service in certain small markets and increase the reliability of reported data by reducing the fluctuations in audience estimates from measurement period to measurement period. By combining the quarterly measurement of the related surveys, the sample size for analyzing audience demographics for these small markets will be increased without any increased cost to our customers. The first phase of this program was successfully implemented during the Fall 2005 survey, with all affected reports issued during the three months ended March 31, 2006. The result of these enhancements was a 40 to 50 percent reduction in ratings share variation. The second phase is scheduled to begin with the release of the Spring 2008 radio survey results. In the second phase, the surveys will be conducted by allocating the placement of diaries evenly over a 12-month period. Audience estimates will then be reported in four reports per year, up from the current two reports per year, with each report based on the most recent 12 months of sample.
 
In addition to the Radio Market Report, Arbitron provides a range of ancillary services that includes Radio County Coverage Reports, Hispanic Radio Data and Black Radio Data.
 
RADAR.  The RADAR service provides a measurement of national radio audiences and the audience size of network radio programs and commercials. The audience measurements are provided for a wide variety of demographics and dayparts for total radio listening and for 56 separate radio networks.
 
Network audience estimates are created by merging the radio listening of selected survey respondents with the actual times that network programs and commercials are aired on each affiliated station. RADAR estimates are


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delivered through Arbitron’s PC 2010 software application, which includes a suite of products for sophisticated analysis of network audiences. This service is provided to radio networks, advertising agencies and network radio advertisers.
 
Since 2003, the RADAR survey sample has continually increased from 50,000 Arbitron diaries to an anticipated survey sample of 125,000 Arbitron diaries by March 2007.
 
Software Applications
 
In addition to its reports, Arbitron licenses software applications that provide access to Arbitron audience estimates resident in its proprietary database. These applications enable customers to more effectively analyze and understand that information for sales, management and programming purposes. These services also help customers to further refine sales strategies and compete more effectively for advertising dollars. Some Arbitron software applications also allow customers to access data proprietary to third parties, provided the customer has a separate license to use such third-party data.
 
Arbitron’s Tapscan family of software solutions is used by many radio stations, advertising agencies and advertisers. The Tapscan software is one of the advertising industry’s leading radio analysis applications. It can help create illustrative charts and graphs that make complex information more useful to potential advertisers. Other features include prebuy research, including frequency-based tables, cost-per-point analysis, hour-by-hour and trending, use of respondent-level data, automatic scheduling and goal tracking, instant access to station format and contact information. Another Tapscan service, Qualitap, is also made available to television and cable outlets in the United States under a licensing arrangement with Marketron International, Inc.
 
The MapMAKER Direct service analyzes where the radio audience lives, and works to provide detailed maps and reports. Program directors can use this service to better understand their listeners and better target their promotional efforts. Arbitron’s PD Advantage service offers radio station program directors the ability to create a variety of reports that help analyze the market, the audience and the competition.
 
Arbitron’s SmartPlus service, formerly known as Marketing Resources Plus, provides media buying software systems, including the SmartPlus software, to local and regional advertising agencies for broadcast and print media.
 
Arbitron’s Integrated Radio Systems service, also referred to as IRS, provides software systems that help radio stations manage their advertising sales process and automate the daily tasks in a sales department. The Integrated Radio Systems applications combine a customer relationship management system with scheduling and research applications and with inventory/pricing management tools.
 
Local Market Consumer Information Services
 
In its radio ratings service, Arbitron provides primarily quantitative data, such as how many people are listening. Arbitron also provides qualitative data, such as consumer and media usage information, to radio stations, cable companies, television stations, out-of-home media, magazine and newspaper publishers, advertising agencies and advertisers. The qualitative data on listeners, viewers and readers provide more detailed socioeconomic information and information on what respondents buy, where they shop and what forms of media they use. Arbitron provides these measurements of consumer demographics, retail behavior and media usage in 276 local markets throughout the United States.
 
Arbitron provides qualitative services tailored to fit a customer’s specific market size and marketing requirements:
 
  •  The Scarborough Report, which is offered in larger markets;
 
  •  The Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study, which is offered in medium markets;
 
  •  The RetailDirect Service, which is offered in medium markets; and
 
  •  The Qualitative Diary Service/LocalMotion Service, which is offered in smaller markets.


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Each service profiles a market, the consumers and the media choices in terms of key characteristics. These services cover the major retail and media usage categories. Arbitron provides training and support services that help its customers understand and use the local market consumer information that Arbitron provides.
 
Scarborough Report.  The MRC-accredited Scarborough service is provided through a joint venture between Arbitron and SRDS, Inc., a subsidiary of The Nielsen Company. Although Arbitron’s interest in the Scarborough Research joint venture is 49.5 percent, partnership voting rights and earnings are divided equally between Arbitron and SRDS, Inc. The Scarborough service provides detailed information about media usage, retail and shopping habits, demographics and lifestyles in 80 large United States markets, utilizing a sample of consumers in the relevant markets. Scarborough data feature more than 1,700 media, retail and lifestyle characteristics, which can help radio stations, television stations, cable companies, advertising agencies and advertisers, newspaper and magazine publishers and out-of-home media companies provide an in-depth profile of their consumers. Examples of Scarborough categories include retail shopping (e.g., major stores shopped or purchases during the past 30 days), auto purchases (e.g., plan to buy new auto or truck), leisure activities (e.g., attended sporting event) and personal activities (e.g., golfing). Media information includes broadcast and cable television viewing, radio listenership, newspaper readership by section, magazine readership and yellow pages usage. This information is provided twice each year to newspapers and magazines, radio and television broadcasters, cable companies, out-of-home media, advertising agencies and advertisers in the form of the Scarborough Report. Arbitron is the exclusive marketer of the Scarborough Report to radio broadcasters, cable companies and out-of-home media. Arbitron also markets the Scarborough Report to advertising agencies and advertisers on a shared basis with Scarborough Research. Scarborough Research markets the Scarborough Report to newspapers, magazines and online service providers. NMR markets the Scarborough Report to television broadcasters.
 
Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study.  The Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study is also provided through the Scarborough joint venture between Arbitron and SRDS, Inc. This service provides information about media usage, retail and shopping habits, demographics and lifestyles in three mid-sized markets in 2007, utilizing a survey sample of adult consumers age 18 and above in the relevant markets. This survey information is collected through a single consumer questionnaire. The survey period is a point-in-time measurement that lasts six to eight weeks. Arbitron is the exclusive marketer of the Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study to radio broadcasters, cable companies, and out-of-home media. Arbitron also markets the Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study to advertising agencies and advertisers on a shared basis with Scarborough Research. Scarborough Research markets the Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study to newspapers, magazines and online service providers. NMR markets the Scarborough Mid-Tier Local Market Consumer Study to television broadcasters.
 
RetailDirect Service.  Arbitron’s RetailDirect service is a locally oriented, purchase data and media usage research service provided in 20 midsized United States markets. This service, which utilizes diaries and telephone surveys, provides a profile of the audience in terms of local media, retail and consumer preferences so that local radio and television broadcasters, out-of-home media and cable companies have information to help them develop targeted sales and programming strategies. Retail categories include automotive, audio-video, furniture and appliances, soft drinks and beer, fast food, department stores, grocery stores, banks and hospitals. Media usage categories include local radio, broadcast television, cable networks, out-of-home media, newspapers, yellow pages and advertising circulars.
 
Qualitative Diary Service/LocalMotion Service.  Arbitron’s Qualitative Diary Service collects consumer and media usage information from Arbitron radio diarykeepers in 176 smaller United States markets. The same people who report their radio listenership in the market also answer more than 28 demographic, product and service questions. Consumer behavior information is collected for key local market retail categories, such as automotive sales, grocery, fast food, furniture and bedding stores, beer, soft drinks and banking. The Qualitative Diary Service also collects information about other media, such as television news viewership, cable television viewership, out-of-home media exposure and newspaper readership. This qualitative service provided for cable television companies is known as LocalMotion.


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Arbitron Cable Services
 
Arbitron provides its local market consumer information services to media other than radio, including cable television. Feedback from Arbitron’s cable customers suggests that the cable industry is in need of improved local measurement systems because current quantitative measurement methods, such as diaries and television meter-based measurement systems, have not provided adequate depth of demographic information on cable network audiences. Without solid measures of demographic audiences at the local market level, cable may not be achieving its full potential of local and national advertising revenues. In response to this need, Arbitron Cable provides cable companies with qualitative audience information and software programs concerning consumer demographics and retail behavior of cable audiences.
 
Arbitron Out-of-Home Services
 
Arbitron provides its local market consumer information services to out-of-home media companies. This industry has expanded to introduce “place-based” media in new locations, such as malls, airports and cinemas. Arbitron is working with the out-of-home media industry to help them utilize consumer information services in selling its advertising. Arbitron seeks to use the expertise and resources from its many years of audience measurement to assist out-of-home media companies and their advertisers to identify and reach their audiences.
 
Custom Research Services
 
Arbitron is in the process of expanding its custom research efforts to serve companies who are seeking to demonstrate the value of their advertising propositions. For example, Arbitron has provided custom research services for subscribers including satellite radio, multicultural broadcasters with Chinese-language programming, sports play-by-play broadcasters, digital out-of-home and place-based media companies and cable multiple system operators.
 
The comScore Arbitron Online Radio Ratings, a service jointly developed by Arbitron and comScore Networks Inc., is a custom service that measures the national audience of online radio networks.
 
Through its custom research services, Arbitron is exploring applications of PPM data, including nonratings programming, marketing and out-of-home services for broadcast television and cable television. Arbitron is also exploring providing services for mobile media and companies that sell advertising on in-store (retail) media.
 
International Operations
 
CSW Research Limited (“Continental Research”)
 
Through its Continental Research subsidiary, Arbitron provides media, advertising, business-to-business, public sector, telecommunications and Internet research services in the United Kingdom and elsewhere in Europe.
 
Media.  Continental Research’s media clients cover the full spectrum of traditional and new media, with particular strength in the digital television and radio markets. Its media services include measuring audiences, evaluating existing services and building forecasting models.
 
Advertising.  Continental Research evaluates every stage of the advertising process: from strategy development, creative development, precampaign testing, pre- and post-advertising and tracking and on-air coincidental studies, to analysis of those responding to the campaign and consumers who purchased the advertised products.
 
Business-to-Business.  Continental Research’s experience in business-to-business research ranges from new product development to market measurement to advertising tracking. Continental Research has produced its Business Omnibus study every month since 1993, which covers the whole United Kingdom business market. When conducting financial research and other business and consumer studies, Continental Research uses The Million Plus Panel, which comprises a pool of approximately 3.7 million United Kingdom residents and contains up to 3,000 demographic, lifestyle and purchasing details for each resident.
 
Public Sector.  Continental Research’s public sector services provide surveys for central and local governments and individual government departments and regulatory bodies. Continental Research designs cost-effective,


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targeted studies that provide government departments with information regarding their initiatives to become more customer-focused.
 
Telecommunications and Internet.  Continental Research’s telecommunications and Internet projects have ranged from local area markets to multinational markets and have examined pricing, promotion, billing, product differentiation, advertising effectiveness, distribution systems, customer satisfaction, market estimation and new product development research.
 
Mexico
 
During 2006, the Arbitron syndicated radio audience measurement service provided audience estimates covering a wide variety of demographics and dayparts for the three largest radio markets in Mexico: Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey. This service also provided qualitative information concerning consumer and media usage in Mexico. In February 2007, Arbitron announced that it would discontinue its service in Mexico after the delivery of the Fall 2006 survey in February 2007.
 
Arbitron Corporate Strategy
 
Arbitron’s objectives are to grow its radio audience measurement business and to expand its information services to a broader range of media types, including broadcast television, cable, out-of-home media, satellite radio and television, Internet broadcasts and mobile media. Key elements of Arbitron’s strategy to pursue these objectives include:
 
  •  Continue to invest in quality improvements in its radio audience measurement services and to develop new revenue sources. Additionally, Arbitron believes that a growth opportunity exists in the advertiser market and intends to seek to expand its customer base of advertisers by developing and marketing new information services designed to assist corporate advertisers in implementing targeted marketing strategies.
 
  •  Build on Arbitron’s experience in the radio audience measurement industry and its PPM technology to expand into information services for other types of media. In some cases, the Company may enter into agreements with third parties to assist with the marketing, technical and financial aspects of expanding into measurement services for other types of media.
 
  •  Develop and commercialize the next-generation data collection and processing techniques. Arbitron’s businesses require sophisticated data collection and processing systems, software and other technology. The collection of Arbitron’s survey respondent information is dependent on individuals keeping track of their listening, viewing and reading activities in diaries. The technology underlying the media measurement industry is undergoing rapid change, and Arbitron will need to continue to develop its data collection, processing and software systems to accommodate these changes. The development of Arbitron’s PPM service is in response to a growing demand for higher quality, and more efficient and timely methods for measuring and reporting audiences.
 
  •  Expand international business. Arbitron continues to explore opportunities that would further expand the licensing of its PPM technology internationally into selected international regions, such as Europe and the Asia/Pacific regions. Arbitron believes there is a demand for quality audience information internationally from global advertisers and media.
 
  •  Provide multimedia exposure data combined with single-source sales data that will help support the media industry’s pursuit of increased accountability to advertisers for their return on investments made in media. Increased accountability relies on demonstrating that the advertisement ran as ordered, that the commercial audience was delivered as expected and that product sales were linked to such advertisements.
 
Customers, Sales and Marketing
 
Arbitron’s customers are primarily radio stations, radio networks, cable companies, advertising agencies and corporate advertisers. As of December 31, 2006, Arbitron provided its radio audience measurement and related services to approximately 4,600 radio stations and 2,100 advertising agencies and advertisers nationwide under


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contracts that generally vary in length from one to seven years. Clear Channel Communications, Inc. and CBS Radio, represented approximately 19 percent and nine percent, respectively, of Arbitron’s revenue in 2006. The consolidation of United States radio broadcasters in the 1990s has led to the increased concentration of Arbitron’s customer base. Although this consolidation could put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron’s radio ratings service, it has also contributed to an increase in the number of stations subscribing to the ratings service, as stations have become Arbitron customers upon their acquisition by larger broadcasting groups. It has also been Arbitron’s experience that stations that are part of larger broadcasting groups are somewhat more likely to purchase Arbitron’s analytical software applications and other services in addition to the Radio Market Report. Furthermore, Arbitron believes that it is well positioned to provide new products and services to meet the emerging needs of broadcasting groups.
 
As of December 31, 2006, Arbitron provided its qualitative measurement and related services to 79 cable systems and 91 out-of-home media customers.
 
Arbitron markets its products and services in the United States through a direct sales force that consisted of 72 sales account managers and 43 training service consultants, as of December 31, 2006.
 
Arbitron has entered into a number of agreements with third parties to assist in marketing and selling its products and services in the United States. For example, Marketron International, Inc. distributes, on an exclusive basis, Arbitron’s Qualitap software to television and cable outlets in the United States.
 
Arbitron supports its sales and marketing efforts through the following:
 
  •  gathering and publishing studies, which are available for no charge on Arbitron’s Web site, on emerging trends in the radio, Internet broadcasting, out-of-home and other media industries, as well as the media habits of radio listeners and television, cable and Internet viewers;
 
  •  conducting direct-marketing programs directed toward radio stations, cable companies, advertising agencies and corporate advertisers;
 
  •  promoting Arbitron and the industries Arbitron serves through a public relations program aimed at the trade press of the broadcasting, out-of-home media, Internet, advertising and marketing industries, as well as select local and national consumer and business press;
 
  •  participating in key industry forums and interest groups, such as the Advertising Research Foundation, the American Association of Advertising Agencies, the National Association of Broadcasters, the Association of National Advertisers, the Radio Advertising Bureau, European Society for Opinion Marketing and Research, the Television Bureau of Advertising, the Cable Advertising Bureau, American Women in Radio and Television, Women in Cable Television, the Cable & Telecommunications Association for Marketing and the Outdoor Advertising Association of America, as well as numerous state and local advertising and broadcaster associations;
 
  •  maintaining a significant presence at major industry conventions, such as those sponsored by the National Association of Broadcasters, the Radio Advertising Bureau, the American Association of Advertising Agencies, the Cable Advertising Bureau and the Outdoor Advertising Association of America; and
 
  •  being a founding member of the Radio Advertising Effectiveness Lab, an industry not-for-profit organization providing information about the effectiveness of radio advertising.
 
Internationally, Arbitron markets services through approximately 18 research executives operating through Continental Research’s office in the United Kingdom.
 
Arbitron has also continued its international sales and marketing efforts in other areas, such as Mexico, Europe and the Asia/Pacific regions.


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Competition
 
Arbitron believes that the principal competitive factors in its markets are the credibility and reliability of the audience research, the ability to provide quality analytical services for use with the audience information and the end-user experience with services and price.
 
Arbitron is a leader in the radio audience measurement business. Arbitron competes in the radio audience measurement business in some small markets with Eastlan Resources, a privately held research company. In Mexico, Arbitron competes in the radio audience measurement business with INRA International Research Mexico. Arbitron is also aware of at least five companies, Liechti AG / Telecontrol AG, GfK Eurisko, The Media Audit (a division of International Demographics, Inc.), Ipsos SA and AGB Nielsen Media Research, that are developing technologies that could compete with Arbitron’s PPM service.
 
Arbitron competes with a large number of other providers of applications software, qualitative data and proprietary qualitative studies used by broadcasters, cable companies, advertising agencies, advertisers, and out-of-home media companies. These competitors include STRATA Marketing Inc., Telmar Information Services Corp., Marketron Inc., Interactive Media Systems, Wicks Broadcast Solutions, LLC and Donovan Data Systems in the area of applications software, and The Media Audit (a division of International Demographics, Inc.), Mediamark Research Inc. (a subsidiary of GfK AG) and Simmons Market Research Bureau (a subsidiary of Experian Marketing Solutions) in the area of qualitative data.
 
Arbitron’s Continental Research subsidiary operates in a highly competitive custom research market in the United Kingdom.
 
In June 2005, Clear Channel announced that it was issuing a Request for Proposals to create a state-of-the-art radio ratings system to replace the current diary measurement system to which it subscribes. This process is ongoing. Clear Channel has organized a cross-industry evaluation committee to review the proposals and this committee is expected to report on its findings in early 2007.
 
On February 9, 2007, The Media Audit/Ipsos announced that they will receive funding from a number of broadcasters to test their competing electronic ratings system in the Houston market. See “Legal Proceedings” in Item 3 of this Form 10-K for a description of Arbitron’s patent infringement lawsuit against The Media Audit/Ipsos.
 
Intellectual Property
 
Arbitron’s intellectual property is, in the aggregate, of material importance to its business. Arbitron relies on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks and trade secret laws, license agreements and other contractual restrictions to establish and protect its proprietary rights in its products and services. As of December 31, 2006, in the United States, Arbitron had been granted 24 patents and had 39 patent applications pending. Internationally, Arbitron had been granted 106 patents and had 135 patent applications pending as of December 31, 2006. Arbitron’s patents primarily relate to its data collection and processing systems and software and its PPM service. Several patents relating to the PPM service, which expire at various times beginning in 2012, when viewed together are of material importance to the Company’s business.
 
Arbitron’s audience listening estimates are original works of authorship and are copyrightable under the federal copyright laws in the United States. The Radio Market Report is published either quarterly or semiannually, depending on the Arbitron market surveyed, while the Radio County Coverage Report is published annually. Arbitron seeks copyright registration for each Radio Market Report and for each Radio County Coverage Report published in the United States. Arbitron also seeks copyright protection for its proprietary software and for databases comprising the Radio Market Report and other services containing its audience estimates and respondent-level data. Prior to the publication of the Arbitron reports and release of the software containing the respondent-level data, Arbitron registers its databases under the United States federal copyright laws. Arbitron’s proprietary data regarding audience size and demographics are provided to customers generally through multiyear license agreements.
 
A number of Arbitron’s services are marketed under United States federally registered trademarks that are helpful in creating recognition in the marketplace. Some of Arbitron’s registered trademarks and service marks


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include: the Arbitron name and logo, Maximi$er, RetailDirect and RADAR. The Arbitron name and logo is of material importance to the Company’s business. Arbitron has a trademark application pending for Arbitron PPM. Arbitron also has a number of common-law trademarks, including Media Professional, Qualitap, MediaMaster and Prospector. Arbitron has registered its name as a trademark in the United Kingdom, Mexico, the European Union, Australia, Singapore, Chile, and Japan and is exploring the registration of its marks in other foreign countries.
 
The laws of some countries might not protect Arbitron’s intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Effective patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which Arbitron markets or licenses its products and services.
 
Arbitron believes its success depends primarily on the innovative skills, technical competence, customer service and marketing abilities of its personnel. Arbitron enters into confidentiality and assignment-of-inventions agreements with substantially all of its employees and enters into nondisclosure agreements with its suppliers and customers to limit access to and disclosure of its proprietary information.
 
Arbitron must protect against the unauthorized use or misappropriation of its audience estimates, databases and technology by third parties. There can be no assurance that the copyright laws and other statutory and contractual arrangements Arbitron currently depends upon will provide it sufficient protection to prevent the use or misappropriation of its audience estimates, databases and technology in the future. The failure to protect Arbitron’s proprietary information, intellectual property rights and, in particular, its audience estimates and databases could severely harm Arbitron’s business.
 
In addition, claims by third parties that Arbitron’s current or future products or services infringe upon their intellectual property rights may harm Arbitron’s business. Intellectual property litigation is complex and expensive, and the outcome of this litigation is difficult to predict. Arbitron has been involved in litigation relating to the enforcement of its copyrights covering its radio listening estimates and patents covering its proprietary technology. Although Arbitron has generally been successful in these cases, there can be no assurance that the copyright laws and other statutory and contractual arrangements Arbitron currently depends upon will provide it sufficient protection to prevent the use or misappropriation of its audience estimates, databases and technology in the future. Litigation, regardless of outcome, may result in substantial expense to Arbitron and significant diversion of its management and technical personnel. Any adverse determination in any litigation may subject Arbitron to significant liabilities to third parties, require Arbitron to license disputed rights from other parties, if licenses to these rights could be obtained, or require Arbitron to cease using the technology.
 
Research and Development
 
Arbitron’s research and development activities have related primarily to the development of new products and customer software and other technical expenses, including maintenance of legacy operations and reporting systems. Arbitron expects that it will continue research and development activities on an ongoing basis, particularly in light of the rapid technological changes affecting its business. The majority of the investment effort and spending will be dedicated to improving the quality and efficiency of Arbitron’s data collection and processing systems, developing new software applications that will assist Arbitron’s customers in realizing the full potential of Arbitron’s audience measurement services, developing Arbitron’s PPM technology and developing a single-source service that will be able to measure audience and other information from a number of different forms of media. Research and development expenses during fiscal years 2006, 2005 and 2004 totaled $44.2 million, $38.6 million and $33.3 million, respectively.
 
Governmental Regulation
 
Arbitron’s PPM equipment has been certified to meet Federal Communications Commission requirements relating to emissions standards and standards for modem connectivity. Additionally, all PPM equipment has been certified to meet the safety standards of Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (commonly referred to as UL), as well as Canadian and European safety standards.
 
Arbitron’s media research activities are regulated by the United States Federal Trade Commission in accordance with a Decision and Order issued in 1962 to CEIR, Inc., a predecessor company. This order originally


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arose in connection with the television ratings business, and Arbitron believes that today it applies to Arbitron’s media measurement services. The order requires full disclosure of the methodologies used by Arbitron and prohibits Arbitron from making representations in selling or offering to sell an audience measurement service without proper qualifications and limitations regarding probability sample, sampling error and accuracy or reliability of data. It prohibits Arbitron from making statements that any steps or precautions are taken to ensure the proper maintenance of diaries unless such steps or precautions are in fact taken. It also prohibits Arbitron from making overly broad statements regarding the media behavior a survey reflects. The order further prohibits Arbitron from representing the data as anything other than estimates and from making a statement that the data are accurate to any precise mathematical value. The order requires that Arbitron make affirmative representations in its reports regarding nonresponse by survey participants and the effect of this nonresponse on the data, the hearsay nature of a survey participant’s response, the fact that projections have been made, and the limitations and deficiencies of the techniques or procedures used. Arbitron believes that it has conducted and continues to conduct its radio audience measurement services in compliance with the order.
 
Arbitron’s Radio Market Report Service is accredited by and subject to the review of the MRC. The MRC is an industry organization created to ensure high ethical and operational standards in audience measurement research. Arbitron’s Radio Market Report Service has been accredited by the MRC since 1968. On January 29, 2007, Arbitron announced that the MRC had accredited the PPM radio ratings data in Houston. Additional Arbitron services that are accredited by the MRC are RADAR, Maximi$er and Media Professional software, the Custom Survey Area Report (“CSAR”) and the Radio County Coverage services. To merit continued accreditation of its services, Arbitron must: (1) adhere to the MRC’s Minimum Standards for Media Rating Research; (2) supply full information to the MRC regarding details of its operations; (3) conduct its media measurement services substantially in accordance with representations to its subscribers and the MRC; and (4) submit to, and pay the cost of, thorough annual audits of accredited Arbitron services by certified public accounting firms engaged by the MRC.
 
Federal and state regulations restrict telemarketing to individuals who request to be included on a do-not-call list. Currently, these regulations do not apply to survey research, but there can be no assurance that these regulations will not be made applicable to survey research in the future. In addition, federal regulations prohibit calls made by autodialers to wireless lines without consent from the subscriber. Because consumers are able to transfer a wireless number to a landline carrier or a landline number to a wireless carrier, it can be difficult for Arbitron to efficiently identify wireless numbers in advance of placing an autodialed call.
 
Employees
 
As of December 31, 2006, Arbitron employed 1,007 people on a full-time basis and 513 people on a part-time basis in the United States and 38 people on a full-time basis and 350 people on a part-time basis internationally. None of Arbitron’s employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. Arbitron believes its employee relations are good.
 
Seasonality
 
Arbitron recognizes revenue for services over the terms of license agreements as services are delivered, and expenses are recognized as incurred. Arbitron gathers radio-listening data in approximately 299 United States local markets. All markets are measured at least twice per year (April-May-June for the “Spring survey” and October-November-December for the “Fall survey”). In addition, all major markets are measured two additional times per year (January-February-March for the “Winter survey” and July-August-September for the “Summer survey”). Arbitron’s revenue is generally higher in the first and third quarters as a result of the delivery of the Fall survey and Spring survey, respectively, to all markets, compared to revenue in the second and fourth quarters, when delivery of the Winter survey and Summer survey, respectively, is only made to major markets. Arbitron’s expenses are generally higher in the second and fourth quarters as the Spring survey and Fall survey are being conducted.
 
Available Information
 
Arbitron’s Web site address is www.arbitron.com, and interested persons may obtain, free of charge, copies of filings (including Arbitron’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on


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Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports) that Arbitron has made with the Securities and Exchange Commission through a hyperlink at this site to a third-party Securities and Exchange Commission filings Web site (as soon as reasonably practicable after such filings are filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission). Also available on Arbitron’s Web site are its Corporate Governance Policies and Guidelines, Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Financial Managers, Code of Ethics and Conduct, the Audit Committee Charter, the Nominating Committee Charter, the Corporate Governance Committee Charter and the Compensation and Human Resources Committee Charter. Copies of these documents are also available in print, free of charge, to any stockholder who requests a copy by contacting Arbitron’s treasury manager.
 
On June 16, 2006, the Company submitted the annual certification of its chief executive officer regarding the Company’s compliance with the New York Stock Exchange’s (the “NYSE”) corporate governance listing standards, pursuant to Section 303A.12 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. The Company delivered an interim written affirmation to the NYSE on February 16, 2007 following a change in the memberships of both the Company’s Audit and Corporate Governance Committees. See the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 21, 2007 for a description of the interim written affirmation.
 
ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS
 
Risk Factors Relating to Arbitron’s Businesses and the Industry in Which Arbitron Operates
 
Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results are dependent on the performance of its radio audience measurement business.
 
Arbitron’s quantitative radio audience measurement service and related software sales represented approximately 86 percent of Arbitron’s total revenue for 2006. Arbitron expects that sales of its radio audience measurement service and related software will continue to represent a substantial portion of Arbitron’s revenue for the foreseeable future. Any factors adversely affecting the pricing of, demand for, or market acceptance of Arbitron’s radio audience measurement service and related software, such as competition, technological change, or further consolidation in the radio industry, could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Technological change may render Arbitron’s products and services obsolete. If Arbitron is unable to successfully adapt to changing technologies and customer demands, either through the development and marketing of new products and services, or through enhancements to its existing products and services, its business, financial position and results of operations would be adversely affected.
 
Arbitron expects that the market for its products and services will be characterized by changing technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new product and service announcements and enhancements and changing customer demands. The introduction of new products and services embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards could render existing products and services obsolete and/or challenge current accepted levels of precision of data measurement. In addition, advertising-supported media may be challenged by new technologies that could have an effect on the advertising industry, Arbitron’s customers and Arbitron’s products and services. Arbitron’s continued success will depend on its ability to adapt to changing technologies and to improve the performance, features, and reliability of its products and services in response to changing customer and industry demands. Arbitron may experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful design, development, testing, introduction, or marketing of its products and services. Arbitron’s new products and services, such as its PPM service, or enhancements to its existing products and services, may not adequately meet the requirements of its current and prospective customers or achieve any degree of significant market acceptance. Arbitron’s inability to successfully adapt to changing technologies and customer demands, either through the development and marketing of new products and services, or through enhancements to its existing products and services, would adversely affect its business, financial position and results of operations.
 
Consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry has led to Arbitron’s increasing dependence on key customers. The loss of a key customer would significantly reduce Arbitron’s revenue and operating results.
 
The consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry has led to Arbitron’s increasing dependence on a limited number of key customers. The loss of a key customer would significantly reduce Arbitron’s revenue and operating


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results. In 2006, Clear Channel and CBS Radio represented approximately 19 percent and nine percent, respectively, of Arbitron’s revenue.
 
Arbitron cannot give any assurances that it could replace the revenue that would be lost if a key customer failed to renew all or part of its agreements with Arbitron. The loss of a key customer would materially impact Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry may put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron’s radio audience measurement service and related software sales, thereby leading to decreased earnings growth.
 
Consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry could put pressure on the pricing of Arbitron’s radio audience measurement service and related software sales, from which Arbitron derives a substantial portion of its total revenue. Arbitron prices its radio audience measurement service and related software applications on a per radio station, per service or per product basis, negotiating licenses and pricing with the owner of each radio station or group of radio stations. Consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry could have the effect that the greater the number of radio stations owned and the greater the number of services and applications purchased by a radio station owner, the more likely the owner is to seek price concessions from Arbitron. If Arbitron makes price concessions, it could adversely affect its business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron’s agreements with its customers are not exclusive and contain no renewal obligations. The failure of Arbitron’s customers to renew all or part of their contracts could have an adverse effect on Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron’s customers are not prohibited from entering into agreements with any other competing service provider, and once the term of the agreement (usually one to seven years) expires, there is no automatic renewal feature in the contract. Because the Arbitron Radio Market Report is delivered on a quarterly or semiannual basis, it is common for Arbitron’s customer contracts to expire before renewal negotiations are concluded. Therefore, there may be significant uncertainty as to whether a particular customer will renew all or part of its contract and, if so, the particular terms of such renewal. If a customer owning stations in a significant number of markets does not renew its contracts, this would have an adverse effect on Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Long-term agreements with Arbitron’s customers limit its ability to increase the prices Arbitron charges for its services if Arbitron’s costs increase.
 
Arbitron generally enters into long-term contracts with its customers, including contracts for delivery of its radio audience measurement services. The terms of these customer agreements usually range from one to seven years. Over the term of these agreements the costs of providing services may increase (or increase at faster rates than its historical experience) for reasons outside of Arbitron’s control. Although Arbitron’s customer contracts generally provide for annual price increases, there can be no assurance that these revenue increases will exceed the increased cost of providing the services.
 
If Arbitron’s PPM ratings service does not generate the revenues that it anticipates, or if Arbitron’s ability to earn such revenues is delayed, its financial results will suffer.
 
Arbitron believes that the PPM ratings service represents a viable replacement for its diary-based ratings service in larger markets, offering customers considerable incremental value, and, therefore, its commercialization is an essential component of Arbitron’s future growth, which Arbitron expects will result in increased revenues in the coming years. In November 2006, Arbitron updated its previously announced plan to progressively roll out the PPM ratings service to the top 50 radio markets by 2010.
 
Arbitron’s financial results during 2007 and beyond will depend in part on its success in commercializing its PPM ratings service, and other new initiatives and its ability to generate meaningful revenues from them. If Arbitron is significantly delayed in commercializing these services, expected revenue increases related to the PPM ratings service will be delayed and its financial results will be negatively affected. Factors that may effect the pace of the commercialization of Arbitron’s PPM ratings service, and as a result, its revenues or operating results include the following, some of which are beyond its control:
 
  •  technical difficulties or service interruptions that significantly harm its ability to deliver the PPM ratings service on schedule;


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  •  the amount and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures related to the commercialization of its PPM ratings service;
 
  •  the amount and timing of costs related to changes in the size and/or composition of its panels, particularly as a result of turnover among panel members;
 
  •  its ability to complete the MRC audit process and accreditation of the PPM methodology in a timely manner;
 
  •  its ability to obtain, in a timely manner, sufficient quantities of quality equipment and software products from third-party suppliers necessary to outfit its panelists; and
 
  •  the acceptance of its PPM ratings service by advertisers and radio broadcasters.
 
Arbitron expects to invest in the continued development and commercialization of its PPM ratings service and the National Marketing Panel Service, which may not be successfully developed or commercialized. The costs associated with commercialization of these services will adversely affect Arbitron’s operating results, over the commercialization period.
 
Arbitron expects to continue to invest in the development and commercial deployment of its PPM ratings service and National Marketing Panel Service.
 
The continuing anticipated commercialization of the PPM ratings service will require significant capital resources and a substantial financial investment over the next several years. Arbitron currently believes that the aggregate capital investment associated with PPM commercialization for audience ratings measurement could be approximately $25.0 million over the first two to three years of commercialization. Arbitron also anticipates that, over the same period, its results of operations will be materially negatively impacted as a result of the rollout of this PPM ratings service.
 
The amount of capital required for deployment of the PPM ratings service and the impact of the rollout on the Company’s results of operations will be greatly affected by the speed with which the radio industry requests PPM technology and the timing of the rollout. If the radio industry is slow to accept the PPM ratings service, as opposed to the use of diaries or some other competing alternative, then it will take longer to roll out the commercialization of the PPM ratings service, and the negative impact associated with the costs of deployment will be prolonged. On the other hand, if the radio industry asks for electronic measurement sooner rather than later, Arbitron’s capital needs will intensify, and the near term negative impact on the Company’s results of operations will be more significant.
 
Since the pilot program for the national marketing panel service is in progress and customer response is preliminary, it is not yet possible to provide a meaningful assessment of future costs associated with a potential commercialization of this service. However, the same general cost pattern would apply as with the PPM ratings service, which is that substantial costs would have to be incurred in advance of revenues. Arbitron believes this will result in a materially negative impact on results of operations in the first three to four years of commercialization.
 
The success of commercialization of the PPM ratings service and the National Marketing Panel Service is dependent on contract manufacturers who produce the PPM equipment according to Arbitron’s proprietary design as well as those who manufacture parts and develop certain software applications. The failure of Arbitron to obtain, in a timely manner, sufficient quantities of quality equipment and the necessary software applications to meet Arbitron’s needs could adversely affect the commercial deployment of the PPM ratings service and the National Marketing Panel Service and, therefore, could adversely affect Arbitron’s operating results.
 
Arbitron will need to purchase equipment used in the PPM ratings service and the National Marketing Panel Service and to obtain certain software reporting applications to use with the PPM service data. The software applications will need to be developed in a timely manner. The equipment must be produced by the manufacturer in a timely manner, in the quantities needed and with the quality necessary to function appropriately in the market. Certain specialized parts used in the PPM equipment may impact the manufacturing and the timing of the delivery of the equipment to Arbitron. In addition, if countries and states enact regulation limiting hazardous materials, Arbitron may be required to redesign some of its PPM components to meet these regulations. A redesign process may impact the manufacturing and timing of the delivery of the equipment to Arbitron. The failure of Arbitron to obtain, in a timely manner, sufficient quantities of quality equipment and the necessary software applications to


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meet Arbitron’s needs could adversely affect the commercial deployment of the PPM ratings service or the National Marketing Panel Service and therefore could adversely affect Arbitron’s operating results.
 
Arbitron’s inability to complete the process of the Media Rating Council (“MRC”) audit of the PPM methodology, in a timely manner, could delay the commercialization of the PPM service, which could adversely affect Arbitron’s business.
 
Arbitron has committed to completing the MRC audit process and to the MRC sharing its audit findings with its PPM audit committee prior to commercializing its PPM service.
 
If the process of the MRC audit of the PPM methodology is not completed in a timely manner, commercialization of the PPM service would be delayed. Such a delay could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
The success of Arbitron’s radio audience measurement business depends on diarykeepers who record their listening habits in diaries and return these diaries to Arbitron. The failure of Arbitron to recruit participants and to collect these diaries could adversely affect Arbitron’s business.
 
Arbitron uses listener diaries to gather radio listening data from sample households in the United States local markets for which it currently provides radio ratings. A representative sample of the population in each local market is randomly selected for each survey. This sample is recruited by telephone to keep a diary of their radio listening for one week. Participants are asked to designate in their diary the station(s) to which they are listening, when they are listening and where they are listening, such as home, car, work or other place. To encourage their participation in the survey, Arbitron gives diarykeepers a modest cash incentive. Arbitron receives and processes more than 1.5 million diaries every year to produce its audience listening estimates. It is increasingly difficult and more costly to obtain consent from the phone sample to participate in the surveys, especially among younger demographic groups. Arbitron must achieve response rates sufficient to maintain confidence in its ratings, the support of the industry and accreditation by the MRC. The failure of Arbitron to successfully recruit participants and to convince diarykeepers to record their listening habits and mail in their diaries could adversely impact Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
It may become more difficult and more expensive for Arbitron to reach and recruit participants for its audience measurement services, which could adversely affect its business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron’s participants participate in its surveys on a voluntary basis only, and there can be no assurance that they will continue to do so. Arbitron’s success will depend on its ability to reach and recruit participants and to achieve response rates sufficient to maintain its radio audience measurement services. As consumers adopt modes of telecommunication other than telephone landlines, such as mobile phones and cable or Internet calling, it is becoming increasingly more difficult for Arbitron to reach and recruit participants. Recruiting mobile phone-only households will lead to increased costs, which could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron’s ability to recruit participants for its surveys could be adversely affected by governmental regulations.
 
There is an increasing concern among the American public regarding privacy issues. Federal and state governmental regulations restrict telemarketing to individuals who request to be included on a do-not-call list. Currently, these regulations do not apply to survey research. If the laws are extended to include survey research, Arbitron’s ability to recruit participants for its surveys could be adversely affected. Arbitron is evaluating alternatives to its current methodology, including using panels for its surveys and recontacting previous consenters. In addition, federal regulations prohibit calls made by autodialers to wireless lines without consent from the party. Because consumers are able to transfer a wireless number to a landline carrier or a landline number to a wireless carrier, it can be difficult for Arbitron to identify wireless numbers in advance of placing an autodialed call. Arbitron is using the services of a third-party supplier that tracks wireless numbers to help identify wireless numbers in its telephone sample.
 
Arbitron has limited experience designing, recruiting and maintaining PPM panels.


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The commercial viability of many of its new business initiatives is dependent on its ability to recruit and maintain compliant PPM panelists and ensure optimal panel composition to accommodate a broad variety of media research services. Arbitron has limited experience in operating such PPM panels and it may encounter unanticipated difficulties as it attempts to do so. Without historical benchmarks on key sample performance metrics, it will be challenging to maintain the appropriate balance of research quality, panel size and operation costs.
 
The license of proprietary software that will enable enhanced access to respondent-level data to third-party software providers and customers could adversely affect the market for some of Arbitron’s existing software products.
 
Arbitron is offering third-party software providers and customers a license to use proprietary software that will enable enhanced access to Arbitron’s respondent-level data. Previously, limited access to respondent level data was only available to customers who licensed certain software services from Arbitron. Once Arbitron begins licensing the software that will provide enhanced access, which Arbitron anticipates will commence in 2008, the sales of Arbitron’s existing software services may be adversely affected.
 
Arbitron’s success will depend on its ability to protect its intellectual property rights.
 
Arbitron believes that the success of its business will depend, in part, on:
 
  •  obtaining patent protection for its technology, products and services, in particular its PPM system;
 
  •  defending its patents once obtained;
 
  •  preserving its trade secrets;
 
  •  defending its copyrights for its data services and audience estimates; and
 
  •  operating without infringing upon patents and proprietary rights held by third parties.
 
Arbitron relies on a combination of contractual provisions, confidentiality procedures and patent, copyright, trademark, service mark and trade secret laws to protect the proprietary aspects of its technology, data and estimates. Several patents related to the PPM service, which expire at various times beginning in 2012, when viewed together, are of material importance to the Company. These legal measures afford only limited protection, and competitors may gain access to Arbitron’s intellectual property and proprietary information. Litigation may be necessary to enforce Arbitron’s intellectual property rights, to protect its trade secrets and to determine the validity and scope of Arbitron’s proprietary rights. Arbitron has been involved in litigation relating to the enforcement of its copyrights covering its radio listening estimates. Although Arbitron has generally been successful in these cases, there can be no assurance that the copyright laws and other statutory and contractual arrangements Arbitron currently depends upon will provide it sufficient protection to prevent the use or misappropriation of its audience estimates, databases and technology in the future. Litigation, regardless of outcome, could result in substantial expense and diversion of resources with no assurance of success and could adversely impact Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
One of Arbitron’s strategies is to expand its international business, which involves unique risks and, if unsuccessful, could impede the growth of Arbitron’s business.
 
Arbitron continues to explore opportunities that would facilitate licensing its PPM technology into selected international markets in Europe and the Asia/Pacific regions.
 
We have limited experience in international operations, and may not be able to compete effectively in international markets or effectively manage our operations in various countries. If we do not generate enough revenue from international operations to offset the expense of these operations, our business could suffer. In addition, these operations have specific inherent risks, including, without limitation, the following:
 
  •  costs of customizing services for foreign customers;
 
  •  difficulties in managing international operations;
 
  •  reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;


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  •  longer sales and payment cycles;
 
  •  the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws;
 
  •  exposure to local economic conditions;
 
  •  exposure to local political conditions, including the risks of an outbreak of war, the escalation of hostilities, acts of terrorism and seizure of assets by a foreign government; and
 
  •  exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuation.
 
Audience estimates are used as the basis for advertising transactions when they achieve credibility and trust in the eyes of the media marketplace. In some countries, there is little confidence in the historical measurement services due to the perception of tampering and fraud. In expanding its international scope, Arbitron could be at risk of potential tampering and fraud, or the perception thereof, by broadcasters or other third parties with Arbitron’s methodology.
 
In countries where there has not been a historical practice of using audience measurement information in the buying and selling of advertising time, it may be difficult for Arbitron to maintain subscribers as the market transitions to using Arbitron’s audience measurement service as the basis for conducting advertising transactions.
 
Arbitron is dependent on its proprietary software systems for current and future business requirements. Significant delays in the completion of these systems, cost overages and/or inadequate performance of the systems once completed could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron’s current systems do not have the capability to accommodate all additional product enhancements requested by Arbitron clients. Arbitron is engaged in a major effort to replace its internal processing software and its client software. Significant delays in the completion of these systems, cost overages and/or inadequate performance of the systems once completed could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Criticism of the Arbitron audience measurement service by various industry groups and market segments could adversely affect Arbitron’s business.
 
Due to the high-profile nature of Arbitron’s services in the media and marketing information service industry, Arbitron could become the target of criticism by various industry groups and market segments. Arbitron believes that criticism of its methodology or negative perception of the quality of its research could adversely affect its business.
 
Arbitron’s future growth and success will depend on its ability to successfully compete with companies that may have financial, marketing, distribution, technical and other advantages over Arbitron.
 
Arbitron competes with many companies, some of which are larger and have access to greater capital resources. Arbitron believes that its future growth and success will depend on its ability to successfully compete with other companies that provide similar services in the same markets, some of which may have marketing, technical and other advantages, and its ability to design, develop and commercialize new products and services that address the industry needs for more efficient methods of data collection and processing and broader media measurement techniques.
 
In June 2005, Clear Channel announced that is was issuing a Request for Proposals to create a state-of-the-art radio ratings system to replace the current diary measurement system to which it subscribes. This process is ongoing. Clear Channel has organized a cross-industry evaluation committee to review the proposals, and this committee is expected to report on its findings in early 2007.
 
On February 9, 2007, The Media Audit/Ipsos announced that they will receive funding from a number of broadcasters to test their competing electronic ratings system in the Houston market. See “Legal Proceedings” in Item 3 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 for a description of Arbitron’s patent infringement lawsuit against The Media Audit/Ipsos.
 
Arbitron cannot provide any assurance that it will be able to compete successfully, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.


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The media research industry is exploring options to achieve greater influence over the providers of audience measurement.
 
The media research industry is exploring options to achieve greater influence over and accountability from the providers of audience measurement. Two of the options could include forming an industry research consortium or a joint industry committee. A research consortium could potentially conduct independent research and development on ratings and audience measurement systems and make recommendations to the provider of audience measurement research. A joint industry committee could potentially result in the establishment of a cooperative media ratings service or an industry committee that would award contracts for media research. If these efforts to establish a research consortium or a joint industry committee are directed at radio, Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results could be adversely affected.
 
An economic downturn generally, and in the advertising and radio industries in particular, could adversely impact Arbitron’s revenue.
 
Arbitron’s clients derive most of their revenue from transactions involving the sale or purchase of advertising. During challenging economic times, advertisers may reduce advertising expenditures, impacting advertising agencies and media. A shift of advertising dollars from traditional media, such as radio, to nontraditional media, such as the Internet, could adversely impact the radio industry. As a result, advertising agencies and media may be less likely to purchase Arbitron’s media information services, which could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Advertisers are pursuing increased accountability from the media industry for their return on investments made in media. As a result, advertisers may shift advertising expenditures away from less accountable forms of media, such as radio, which could have an adverse effect on Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Advertisers are pursuing increased accountability from the media industry for their return on investments made in media. Advertisers may shift advertising expenditures away from less accountable forms of media, such as radio, to more accountable forms of media, such as the Internet. As a result, advertising agencies and radio stations may be less likely to purchase Arbitron’s media information services, which could have an adverse effect on Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.
 
Arbitron enters into agreements with third parties to use certain data and services in connection with the provision of its current services. In addition, Arbitron may need to enter into agreements with third parties to assist with the marketing, technical, and financial aspects of expanding its services for other types of media. In the event Arbitron is unable to use such third-party data and services or if Arbitron is unable to enter into agreements with third parties, when necessary, Arbitron’s business and/or its potential growth could be adversely affected.
 
Arbitron relies on third parties to provide certain data and services for use in connection with the provision of its current services. In the event that such data and services are unavailable for Arbitron’s use or are not available on favorable terms, its business could be adversely affected.
 
Further, in order for Arbitron to build on its experience in the radio audience measurement industry and expand into measurement for other types of media, Arbitron may need to enter into agreements with third parties. These third parties could provide the marketing, technical, and financial aspects that Arbitron requires in order to be able to expand into other types of media. Arbitron’s inability to enter into these agreements with third parties at all or upon favorable terms, when necessary, could adversely affect Arbitron’s growth and business.
 
Long-term disruptions in the mail, telecommunication infrastructure and/or air service could adversely affect Arbitron’s business.
 
Arbitron’s business is dependent on the use of the mail, telecommunication infrastructure and air service. Long-term disruptions in one or more of these services, which could be caused by events such as natural disasters, the outbreak of war, the escalation of hostilities, and/or acts of terrorism (particularly involving cities in which Arbitron has offices, including Columbia, Maryland, which is in close proximity to Washington, DC, and government agencies) could adversely affect Arbitron’s business, financial position and operating results.


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Risk Factors Relating to Arbitron’s Indebtedness
 
On December 20, 2006, Arbitron entered into a five-year, $150.0 million revolving credit facility that contains financial terms, covenants and operating restrictions that could restrict its financial flexibility and adversely impact its ability to conduct its business. These include:
 
  •  the requirement that Arbitron maintain certain leverage and coverage ratios; and
 
  •  restrictions on its ability to sell assets, incur additional indebtedness and grant or incur liens on its assets.
 
These restrictions may restrict or prohibit its ability to raise additional debt capital when needed or could prevent Arbitron from investing in other growth initiatives. Arbitron’s ability to comply with these financial requirements and other restrictions may be affected by events beyond its control, and its inability to comply with them could result in a default under the terms of the agreement.
 
Although Arbitron currently has no borrowings under this credit facility, if a default occurs on future borrowings, either because Arbitron is unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service the debt or because Arbitron fails to comply with one or more of the restrictive covenants, the lenders could elect to declare all of the then outstanding borrowings, as well as accrued interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable. In addition, a default may result in the application of higher rates of interest on the amounts due, resulting in higher interest expense being incurred by Arbitron.
 
Risk Factors Relating to Owning Arbitron’s Common Stock
 
Changes in market conditions, or sales of Arbitron common stock, could adversely affect the market price of Arbitron’s common stock.
 
The market price of Arbitron’s common stock depends on various financial and market conditions, which may change from time to time and which are outside of its control.
 
Sales of a substantial number of shares of Arbitron’s common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, also could adversely affect prevailing market prices for Arbitron’s common stock. In addition to the possibility that Arbitron may sell shares of its common stock in a public offering at any time, Arbitron also may issue shares of common stock in connection with grants of restricted stock or upon exercise of stock options that Arbitron grants to its directors, officers and employees. All of these shares will be available for sale in the public markets from time to time.
 
It may be difficult for a third party to acquire Arbitron, which could depress the stock price of Arbitron’s common stock.
 
Delaware corporate law and Arbitron’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of Arbitron or the removal of existing management or directors and, as a result, could prevent our stockholders from being paid a premium for their common stock over the then-prevailing market price. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of Arbitron’s common stock. These include:
 
  •  a stockholders’ rights plan, which likely will limit, through November 21, 2012, the ability of a third party to acquire a substantial amount of Arbitron’s common stock without prior approval by the Board of Directors;
 
  •  restriction from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder under Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law;
 
  •  authorization to issue one or more classes of preferred stock, which can be created and issued by the Board of Directors without prior stockholder approval, with rights senior to common stockholders;
 
  •  advance notice requirements for the submission by stockholders of nominations for election to the Board of Directors and for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at a meeting; and


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  •  requiring a supermajority vote of 80 percent of the stockholders to exercise the stockholders’ right to amend the Bylaws.
 
Arbitron’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation also contains the following provisions, which provisions could prevent transactions that are in the best interest of stockholders:
 
  •  requiring a supermajority vote of two-thirds of the stockholders to approve some mergers and other business combinations; and
 
  •  restriction from engaging in a “business combination” with a “controlling person” unless either a modified supermajority vote is received or the business combination will result in the termination of ownership of all shares of Arbitron’s common stock and the receipt of consideration equal to at least “fair market value.”
 
ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 
None.
 
ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES
 
Arbitron’s primary locations are in Columbia, Maryland, and its headquarters are located at 142 West 57th Street, New York, New York. Arbitron’s New York City office serves as its home base for sales and marketing, while its survey research, technology and data collection/production operations are located in its Columbia, Maryland, facility. In addition, Arbitron has five regional sales offices located in the metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Georgia; Washington, DC/Baltimore, Maryland; Chicago, Illinois; Dallas, Texas; and Los Angeles, California; and operations offices in Dallas, Texas; Houston, Texas; Cranford, New Jersey; Birmingham, Alabama; and Indianapolis, Indiana. Arbitron’s Continental Research subsidiary is located in London, England. Arbitron conducts all of its operations in leased facilities. Most of these leases contain renewal options and require payments for taxes, insurance and maintenance in addition to base rental payments. Arbitron believes that its facilities are sufficient for their intended purposes and are adequately maintained.
 
ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
During 2005, the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue concluded a sales tax audit and notified the Company of an assessment of $3.6 million, including outstanding sales tax and accumulated interest since 2001. Since 2005, the assessment has increased due to additional interest to $3.8 million as of December 31, 2006. Currently, the Company is in the appeals process with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and continues to contest the assessment in its entirety. Consistent with the findings of a previous Pennsylvania sales tax audit, the Company contends that it continues to provide nontaxable services to its Pennsylvania customers and intends to vigorously defend this position during the appeals process. Although the Company anticipates a successful outcome, it cannot guarantee that a favorable settlement will occur. Given the nature of this uncertainty, no loss has been recognized as of December 31, 2006.
 
On October 10, 2006 the Company filed a patent infringement lawsuit against International Demographics, Inc. (D/B/A The Media Audit), Ipsos Group S.A., Ipsos ASI, Inc., Ipsos America, Inc. aka Ipsos North America and Ipsos Media (collectively “the Ipsos entities”) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. The complaint alleges that International Demographics and the Ipsos entities are infringing three patents owned by Arbitron, United States Patents No. 5,787,334, No. 5,574,962 and No. 5,483,276, each relating to electronic audience measurement technology. In its suit, Arbitron seeks a permanent injunction against International Demographics and the Ipsos entities, in addition to adequate compensatory damages as determined by the court.
 
Arbitron and its subsidiaries are involved from time to time in a number of judicial and administrative proceedings considered ordinary with respect to the nature of their current and past operations, including employment-related disputes, contract disputes, government proceedings, customer disputes and tort claims. In some proceedings, the claimant seeks damages as well as other relief, which, if granted, would require substantial expenditures on the part of Arbitron. Some of these matters raise difficult and complex factual and legal issues, and are subject to many uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the facts and circumstances of each particular action,


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and the jurisdiction, forum and law under which each action is pending. Because of this complexity, final disposition of some of these proceedings may not occur for several years. As such, Arbitron is not always able to estimate the amount of its possible future liabilities. There can be no certainty that Arbitron will not ultimately incur charges in excess of present or future established accruals or insurance coverage. Although occasional adverse decisions (or settlements) may occur, it is the opinion of management that the final disposition of these proceedings will not, considering the merits of the claim, have a material adverse effect on Arbitron’s financial position or results of operations.
 
ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
No matters were submitted to a vote of Arbitron’s stockholders during the fourth quarter of 2006.
 
PART II
 
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 
Arbitron’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “ARB.” As of February 23, 2007, there were 29,740,333 shares outstanding and 6.642 stockholders of record of Arbitron common stock.
 
The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices of Arbitron common stock as reported on the NYSE Composite Tape and the dividends declared per share of its common stock for each quarterly period for the past two years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
 
                                         
2006
  1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year  
 
High
  $ 40.77     $ 40.60     $ 38.56     $ 45.80     $ 45.80  
Low
  $ 33.34     $ 32.68     $ 35.04     $ 36.65     $ 32.68  
Dividend
  $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.40  
 
                                         
2005
  1Q     2Q     3Q     4Q     Full Year  
 
High
  $ 43.29     $ 44.76     $ 43.80     $ 40.78     $ 44.76  
Low
  $ 36.62     $ 38.88     $ 39.14     $ 37.04     $ 36.62  
Dividend
  $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.40  
 
The transfer agent and registrar for the Arbitron common stock is The Bank of New York.
 
On January 24, 2006, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $70.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices through December 31, 2006. As of June 29, 2006, the Company completed the program by repurchasing 1,991,944 shares for an aggregate purchase price of $70.0 million.
 
On November 16, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $100.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices over a period of two years through November 2008. As of February 16, 2007, no shares were repurchased under this program.
 
There were no stock purchases in the fourth quarter of 2006.
 
ITEM 6.   SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 
The selected financial data set forth below should be read together with the information under the heading “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Arbitron’s consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Form 10-K.
 
The Company’s statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2006, and 2005 set forth below are derived from audited consolidated financial


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statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The statement of income data for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements of Arbitron not included in this Form 10-K.
 
                                         
    As of and for the Years Ended December 31,  
    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
Statement of Income Data
                                       
Revenue
  $ 329,250     $ 309,955     $ 296,553     $ 273,550     $ 249,757  
Costs and expenses
    252,988       216,347       205,669       187,613       169,645  
                                         
Operating income
    76,262       93,608       90,884       85,937       80,112  
Equity in net income of affiliate
    7,748       7,829       7,552       6,754       5,627  
                                         
Income before interest and income tax expense
    84,010       101,437       98,436       92,691       85,739  
Interest expense, net
    3,000       880       6,810       11,597       16,219  
                                         
Income before income tax expense
    81,010       100,557       91,626       81,094       69,520  
Income tax expense
    30,352       33,249       31,061       31,221       26,765  
                                         
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ 60,565     $ 49,873     $ 42,755  
                                         
Net Income Per Weighted Average Common Share
                                       
Basic
  $ 1.69     $ 2.16     $ 1.96     $ 1.66     $ 1.45  
Diluted
  $ 1.68     $ 2.14     $ 1.92     $ 1.63     $ 1.42  
Cash dividends declared per share
  $ 0.40     $ 0.40     $     $     $  
Weighted average common shares used in calculations
                                       
Basic
    29,937       31,179       30,972       30,010       29,413  
Diluted
    30,086       31,500       31,471       30,616       30,049  
Balance Sheet Data
                                       
Current assets
  $ 105,545     $ 160,926     $ 120,161     $ 116,857     $ 86,422  
Total assets
    210,320       254,708       199,949       188,022       159,866  
Long-term debt
          50,000       50,000       105,000       165,000  
Stockholders’ equity (deficit)
  $ 89,256     $ 96,182     $ 49,208     $ (14,245 )   $ (96,751 )
 
The Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123R, Share-Based Payments (“SFAS No. 123R”) as of January 1, 2006. Share-based compensation expense for 2006 was $6.5 million. Share-based awards were previously accounted for under Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”). See notes 2 and 15 to the notes to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion and analysis.
 
ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Arbitron’s consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto that follow in this Form 10-K.
 
Overview
 
Arbitron is a leading international media and marketing information services firm primarily serving radio, cable television, advertising agencies, advertisers, out-of-home media, online media and, through its Scarborough Research joint venture with The Nielsen Company, broadcast television and print media.


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Known Trends that Management Considers Material
 
Significant Customers.  Historically, the Company’s quantitative radio measurement services and related software have accounted for a substantial majority of its total revenues. Consolidation in the radio broadcasting industry has led to a concentration of ownership of radio stations and, consequently, Arbitron’s dependence on a limited number of key customers for such services and related software has increased. In 2006, Clear Channel and CBS Radio represented approximately 19 percent and nine percent, respectively, of Arbitron’s total revenue. The Company’s agreements with these customers are not exclusive and do not contain automatic renewal obligations. Arbitron currently has license agreements with Clear Channel to provide radio ratings and software services for Clear Channel’s radio stations and networks through Arbitron’s Fall 2008 survey. In May 2006, Arbitron announced that it had entered into a license agreement with CBS Radio to provide diary-based services and PPM radio ratings, when the new ratings technology is deployed, through Arbitron’s Winter 2014 survey.
 
Slow Growth in Diary Business.  Due to slow economic growth of the radio industry generally, as well as the high penetration of its current services in the radio station business, Arbitron expects that its future annual organic rate of revenue growth from its quantitative diary-based radio measurement services and related software will be slower than historical trends. The Company anticipates that in the near term organic revenue growth will only moderately exceed the level of contractual price escalators in its radio ratings contracts.
 
Electronic Measurement Initiatives.  Arbitron has announced its plan to progressively roll out its PPM ratings service to the top 50 radio markets by 2010. Philadelphia became the first radio market to be electronically measured in January 2007. Also in January 2007, the Company announced that the Media Rating Council (“MRC”) had accredited the PPM radio ratings data in Houston, which had been the Company’s PPM demonstration market since mid-2005. The Company also is actively exploring opportunities to leverage its PPM technologies for strategic applications in addition to its quantitative radio measurement services. In this regard, the Company has formed Project Apollo LLC, a jointly owned limited liability company with Nielsen Media Research, Inc. (“NMR”) to explore the feasibility of the commercialization of a national marketing service panel.
 
Commercialization of the PPM radio ratings service and exploration of other strategic applications of the PPM technology, including the national marketing panel service, will require a substantial financial investment. The Company believes that during the PPM roll out period its cost of revenue will increase and substantial capital expenditures will be incurred to build its fixed costs structure and support future large-scale PPM commercialization efforts. In addition, the Company expects that its expenses will increase as a result of continued deployment costs associated with the national marketing panel service and the strategic development of its electronic ratings business.
 
Ultimately, Arbitron believes that, while commercialization of the PPM ratings service and other strategic applications of the PPM technology will have a near-term negative impact on its results of operations, its operating margins can be restored through the completion of the PPM transition process in the top 50 radio markets, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
 
Response Rates and Sample Proportionality
 
Arbitron must achieve response rates sufficient to maintain confidence in its ratings, the support of the industry and accreditation by the Media Rating Council. Overall response rates have declined over the past several years and it has become increasingly difficult and more costly for the Company to obtain consent from persons to participate in its surveys. Another measure often used by clients to assess quality in Arbitron’s surveys is proportionality, which refers to how well the distribution of the sample for any individual survey matches the distribution of the population in the market. In recent years, Arbitron’s ability to deliver good proportionality in its surveys among younger demographic groups has deteriorated, caused in part by the trend among some households to disconnect their landline phones, effectively removing these households from the Arbitron sample frame. Arbitron has committed extensive efforts and resources to address the decline of response rates and to maintain sample proportionality. In March 2006, Arbitron announced a comprehensive set of initiatives to bolster response rates and improve sample proportionality among African-American, Hispanic, and young male respondents in Arbitron’s diary-based markets. These initiatives include providing for substantial increases in cash incentives and other survey treatments.


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Management believes that significant additional expenditures will be required in the future with respect to response rates and sample proportionality.
 
Forward Looking Statements
 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K and, in particular, this management’s discussion and analysis, contain or incorporate a number of forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry and markets in which we operate and management’s beliefs and assumptions. Any statements contained herein (including without limitation statements to the effect that Arbitron or its management “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” and similar expressions) that are not statements of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements included in this report. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. There are a number of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, without limitation, those included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K in Item 1A — Risk Factors. We do not intend to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
 
Stock Repurchases
 
On January 24, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $70.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices through December 31, 2006. As of June 29, 2006, the program was completed with 2.0 million shares repurchased for an aggregate purchase price of $70.0 million.
 
On November 16, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $100.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices over a period of two years through November 2008. As of February 16, 2007, no shares were repurchased under this program.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that are both important to the presentation of Arbitron’s financial position and results of operations, and require management’s most difficult, complex or subjective judgments.
 
Arbitron capitalizes software development costs with respect to significant internal use software initiatives or enhancements in accordance with Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. The costs are capitalized from the time that the preliminary project stage is completed and management considers it probable that the software will be used to perform the function intended, until the time the software is placed in service for its intended use. Once the software is placed in service, the capitalized costs are amortized over periods of three to five years. Management performs an assessment quarterly to determine if it is probable that all capitalized software will be used to perform its intended function. If an impairment exists, the software cost is written down to estimated fair value. During the year ended December 31, 2006, Arbitron recorded an impairment charge of $0.6 million for internally developed PPM software associated with the NMR election not to join Arbitron in the commercial deployment of the PPM system. As of December 31, 2006, and 2005, Arbitron’s capitalized software developed for internal use had carrying amounts of $19.3 million and $15.2 million, respectively, including $9.0 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of software related to the PPM system.
 
Arbitron uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and for deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Management must make assumptions, judgments and estimates to determine the current provision for income taxes and also deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance to be recorded against a deferred tax asset. Assumptions, judgments, and estimates relative to the current provision for income taxes take into account current tax laws, interpretation of current tax laws and possible outcomes of current and future audits conducted by domestic and foreign tax authorities. Changes in tax law or interpretation of tax laws and the resolution of current and future tax audits could significantly impact the amounts provided for income taxes in


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the consolidated financial statements. Assumptions, judgments and estimates relative to the value of a deferred tax asset take into account forecasts of the amount and nature of future taxable income. Actual operating results and the underlying amount and nature of income in future years could render current assumptions, judgments and estimates of recoverable net deferred taxes inaccurate. Any of the assumptions, judgments and estimates mentioned above could cause actual income tax obligations to differ from estimates, thus impacting Arbitron’s financial position and results of operations.
 
Results of Operations
 
Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2006 to Year Ended December 31, 2005
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to the consolidated statements of income of Arbitron for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
 
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
                                                 
                      Percentage of
 
                Increase (Decrease)     Revenue  
    2006     2005     Dollars     Percent     2006     2005  
 
Revenue
  $ 329,250     $ 309,955     $ 19,295       6.2 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
                                                 
Costs and expenses
                                               
Cost of revenue
    129,702       110,500       19,202       17.4 %     39.4 %     35.7 %
Selling, general and administrative
    79,051       67,284       11,767       17.5 %     24.0 %     21.7 %
Research and development
    44,235       38,563       5,672       14.7 %     13.4 %     12.4 %
                                                 
Total costs and expenses
    252,988       216,347       36,641       16.9 %     76.8 %     69.8 %
                                                 
Operating income
    76,262       93,608       (17,346 )     (18.5 )%     23.2 %     30.2 %
Equity in net income of affiliate
    7,748       7,829       (81 )     (1.0 )%     2.4 %     2.5 %
                                                 
Income before interest and income tax expense
    84,010       101,437       (17,427 )     (17.2 )%     25.6 %     32.7 %
Interest income
    3,103       3,121       (18 )     (0.6 )%     0.9 %     1.0 %
Interest expense
    6,103       4,001       2,102       52.5 %     1.9 %     1.3 %
                                                 
Income before income tax expense
    81,010       100,557       (19,547 )     (19.4 )%     24.6 %     32.4 %
Income tax expense
    30,352       33,249       (2,897 )     (8.7 )%     9.2 %     10.7 %
                                                 
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ (16,650 )     (24.7 )%     15.4 %     21.7 %
                                                 
Net income per weighted average common share
                                               
Basic
  $ 1.69     $ 2.16     $ (0.47 )     (21.8 )%                
                                                 
Diluted
  $ 1.68     $ 2.14     $ (0.46 )     (21.5 )%                
                                                 
Cash dividends declared per common share
  $ 0.40     $ 0.40     $                        
                                                 
Other data:
                                               
EBIT (1)
  $ 84,010     $ 101,437     $ (17,427 )     (17.2 )%                
EBITDA (1)
  $ 93,408     $ 107,256     $ (13,848 )     (12.9 )%                
EBIT and EBITDA Reconciliation (1)
                                               
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ (16,650 )                        
Income tax expense
    30,352       33,249       (2,897 )                        
Interest income
    3,103       3,121       (18 )                        
Interest expense
    6,103       4,001       2,102                          
                                                 
EBIT (1)
    84,010       101,437       (17,427 )                        
Depreciation and amortization
    9,398       5,819       3,579                          
                                                 
EBITDA (1)
  $ 93,408     $ 107,256     $ (13,848 )                        
                                                 


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(1) EBIT (earnings before interest and income taxes) and EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization) are non-GAAP financial measures that the management of Arbitron believes are useful to investors in evaluating Arbitron’s results. For further discussion of these non-GAAP financial measures, see paragraph below entitled “EBIT and EBITDA.”
 
The following table sets forth information with regard to share-based compensation expense recognized under SFAS No. 123R and APB No. 25 for the years ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively:
 
                         
    Years Ended
       
    December 31,        
    2006     2005     Change  
 
Cost of revenue
  $ 567     $       567  
Selling, general and administrative
    5,586       426       5,160  
Research and development
    392             392  
                         
Total costs and expenses
    6,545       426       6,119  
                         
Operating income (loss)
    (6,545 )     (426 )     (6,119 )
Income tax benefit
    2,454       161       2,293  
                         
Net income (loss)
  $ (4,091 )   $ (265 )   $ (3,826 )
                         
Net income (loss) per weighted-average common share
                       
Basic
  $ (0.14 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.13 )
Diluted
  $ (0.14 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.13 )
 
Revenue.  Revenue increased 6.2% to $329.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $310.0 million for the same period in 2005, due primarily to increases in the ratings subscriber base, contract renewals, and price escalations in multiyear customer contracts for Arbitron’s quantitative data license revenue, a $2.9 million increase in Scarborough revenue resulting primarily from new business contracts, a $1.6 million increase in PPM International revenues, and a $1.1 million increase associated with the Project Apollo pilot panel for the national marketing research service which was initiated in 2006.
 
Cost of Revenue.  Cost of revenue increased by 17.4% to $129.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $110.5 million for the same period in 2005, and as a percentage of revenue to 39.4% in 2006 from 35.7% in 2005. The increase in cost of revenue was largely attributable to a $10.3 million increase in Arbitron’s quantitative, qualitative and software application services, which primarily includes a $3.5 million increase in data collection and processing costs, a $2.9 million increase in costs associated with response rate initiatives and proportionality, a $2.3 million increase in Scarborough royalties resulting from the higher revenues mentioned previously, and a $0.6 million increase for additional compensation expense related to Arbitron’s share-based awards. Cost of revenue increased by $6.7 million related to the Project Apollo pilot panel for the national marketing research service. Similar expenditures were classified as research and development in the amount of $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. A $1.8 million increase related to increased PPM international business also contributed to the overall increase in cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. Arbitron expects that its cost of revenue will increase in the future as a result of its efforts to commercialize the PPM ratings service and support the rollout of this service over the next two to three years.
 
Selling, General and Administrative.  Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 17.5% to $79.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $67.3 million for the same period in 2005, and increased as a percentage of revenue to 24.0% in 2006 from 21.7% in 2005. Approximately $6.9 million of the increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was due to an increase in Arbitron’s quantitative, qualitative and software application services, which includes a $1.9 million increase in expenses associated with the update of our


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legacy financial and customer relationship management systems and increased sales and marketing costs of $2.3 million related to Arbitron’s ratings business, including the PPM service. The adoption of SFAS No. 123R, effective January 1, 2006, resulted in $5.2 million of additional compensation expense related to Arbitron’s share-based awards. Asset impairment charges related to internally developed software associated with the NMR election not to join Arbitron in the commercial deployment of the PPM system accounted for $0.6 million of the increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses.
 
Research and Development.  Research and development expenses increased 14.7% to $44.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2006, from $38.6 million for the same period in 2005, and increased as a percentage of revenue to 13.4% in 2006 from 12.4% in 2005. Increased research and development expenses of $5.7 million resulted from Arbitron’s continued development of the next generation of its client software, and applications and infrastructure to support the PPM service and the diary-based service ($5.5 million), and an increase in precommercialization panel expenses primarily in the Houston and Philadelphia markets ($2.9 million). These increases were partially offset by a $3.1 million decrease in research and development expenses associated with the Project Apollo pilot panel for a national marketing research service, which were classified as cost of revenue in 2006 as previously mentioned.
 
Operating Income.  Operating income decreased 18.5% to $76.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $93.6 million for the same period in 2005. Operating margin percentage decreased to 23.2% in 2006 from 30.2% in 2005. Operating margins for the year ended December 31, 2006, were negatively impacted due to higher costs related to planned expenses required to build Arbitron’s PPM panels for markets other than Houston and to operate the Houston panel, and expenses related to Arbitron’s share-based awards.
 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliate.  Equity in net income of affiliate (relating to Arbitron’s Scarborough joint venture) decreased 1.0% to $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $7.8 million for the same period in 2005. The slight decrease in operating income for the affiliate resulted primarily from quality improvement initiatives initiated in 2006. Arbitron expects the equity in net income of affiliate to decrease in the future as a result of forming the Project Apollo LLC; the purpose of which is to complete the development and testing of the Project Apollo marketing research service and the expansion of the pilot panel to a full national service if the test results meet expectations and generate marketplace support.
 
Interest Income.  Interest income was relatively flat for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005, as lower average cash and short term investment balances were offset by higher interest rates.
 
Interest Expense.  Interest expense increased 52.5% to $6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from approximately $4.0 million for the same period in 2005, due to Arbitron’s prepayment of its senior-secured notes obligation on October 18, 2006. In accordance with the provisions of the note agreement, Arbitron was obligated to pay an additional make-whole interest amount of $2.6 million as a result of the prepayment. Arbitron accelerated the amortization of the $0.3 million outstanding balance of deferred financing costs associated with the debenture. Both of these amounts were expensed as interest in Arbitron’s financial statements during the fourth quarter of 2006.
 
Income Tax Expense.  The effective tax rate was reduced from 37.8%, which excludes the impact of a $4.7 million tax benefit recognized for the reversal of certain tax contingencies during the year ended December 31, 2005, to 37.5% for the year ended December 31, 2006, reflecting the impact of increased tax-exempt interest income.
 
Net Income.  Net income decreased 24.7% to $50.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $67.3 million for the same period in 2005, due primarily to planned expenses required to build Arbitron’s PPM panels for markets other than Houston and to operate the Houston panel, additional share-based compensation expense associated with the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, effective January 1, 2006, and the strategic development of Arbitron’s ratings business and Project Apollo.


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EBIT and EBITDA.  Arbitron has presented EBIT and EBITDA, both non-GAAP financial measures, as supplemental information that management of Arbitron believes is useful to investors to evaluate Arbitron’s results because they exclude certain items that are not directly related to Arbitron’s core operating performance. EBIT is calculated by adding back net interest expense and income tax expense to net income. EBITDA is calculated by adding back net interest expense, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization to net income. EBIT and EBITDA should not be considered substitutes either for net income, as indicators of Arbitron’s operating performance, or for cash flow, as measures of Arbitron’s liquidity. In addition, because EBIT and EBITDA may not be calculated identically by all companies, the presentation here may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. EBIT decreased 17.2% to $84.0 million and EBITDA decreased 12.9% to $93.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from $101.4 million and $107.3 million, respectively, in the same period in 2005.


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Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2005 to Year Ended December 31, 2004
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to the consolidated statements of income of Arbitron for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
 
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
                                                 
                      Percentage of
 
                Increase (Decrease)     Revenue  
    2005     2004     Dollars     Percent     2005     2004  
 
Revenue
  $ 309,955     $ 296,553     $ 13,402       4.5 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
                                                 
Costs and expenses
                                               
Cost of revenue
    110,500       110,710       (210 )     (0.2 )%     35.7 %     37.3 %
Selling, general and administrative
    67,284       61,662       5,622       9.1 %     21.7 %     20.8 %
Research and development
    38,563       33,297       5,266       15.8 %     12.4 %     11.2 %
                                                 
Total costs and expenses
    216,347       205,669       10,678       5.2 %     69.8 %     69.3 %
                                                 
Operating income
    93,608       90,884       2,724       3.0 %     30.2 %     30.7 %
Equity in net income of affiliate
    7,829       7,552       277       3.7 %     2.5 %     2.5 %
                                                 
Income before interest and income tax expense
    101,437       98,436       3,001       3.0 %     32.7 %     33.2 %
Interest income
    3,121       1,099       2,022       184.0 %     1.0 %     0.4 %
Interest expense
    4,001       7,909       (3,908 )     (49.4 )%     1.3 %     2.7 %
                                                 
Income before income tax expense
    100,557       91,626       8,931       9.7 %     32.4 %     30.9 %
Income tax expense
    33,249       31,061       2,188       7.0 %     10.7 %     10.5 %
                                                 
Net income
  $ 67,308     $ 60,565     $ 6,743       11.1 %     21.7 %     20.4 %
                                                 
Net income per weighted average common share
                                               
Basic
  $ 2.16     $ 1.96     $ 0.20       10.1 %                
                                                 
Diluted
  $ 2.14     $ 1.92     $ 0.22       11.3 %                
                                                 
Cash dividends declared per common share
  $ 0.40     $     $ 0.40                        
                                                 
Other data:
                                               
EBIT (1)
  $ 101,437     $ 98,436     $ 3,001       3.0 %                
EBITDA (1)
  $ 107,256     $ 104,158     $ 3,098       3.0 %                
EBIT and EBITDA Reconciliation (1)
                                               
Net income
  $ 67,308     $ 60,565     $ 6,743                          
Income tax expense
    33,249       31,061       2,188                          
Interest income
    3,121       1,099       2,022                          
Interest expense
    4,001       7,909       (3,908 )                        
                                                 
EBIT (1)
    101,437       98,436       3,001                          
Depreciation and amortization
    5,819       5,722       97                          
                                                 
EBITDA (1)
  $ 107,256     $ 104,158     $ 3,098                          
                                                 
 
 
(1) EBIT (earnings before interest and income taxes) and EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization) are non-GAAP financial measures that the management of Arbitron believes are


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useful to investors in evaluating Arbitron’s results. For further discussion of these non-GAAP financial measures, see paragraph below entitled “EBIT and EBITDA.”
 
Revenue.  Revenue increased 4.5% to $310.0 million in 2005 from $296.6 million in 2004. Approximately $13.7 million of the increase was due to increases in the ratings and qualitative subscriber base, analytical software applications and price escalations in multiyear customer contracts and contract renewals. In addition, the Smartplus, formerly known as Marketing Resources Plus, acquisition and Integrated Radio Systems, L.L.C. (“IRS”) acquisition accounted for $1.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of the increase in revenues. Smartplus was acquired on March 11, 2004 and therefore, the year ended December 31, 2005 had the benefit of the full twelve months of operations as compared to approximately ten months for the same period of 2004. IRS was acquired on September 20, 2005. These increases were partially offset by a $1.5 million net decrease in Scarborough revenue and a $1.0 million decrease in Continental Research revenue. The net decrease in Scarborough revenue for the year ended December 31, 2005 as compared to the same period in 2004 was significantly impacted by the accelerated delivery of 17 markets during the fourth quarter of 2004 rather than the first quarter of 2005.
 
Cost of Revenue.  Cost of revenue decreased slightly by 0.2% to $110.5 million in 2005 from $110.7 million in 2004, and decreased as a percentage of revenue to 35.7% in 2005 from 37.3% in 2004. The $0.2 million decrease was primarily attributed to decreases in Scarborough royalty costs of $1.2 million caused by the accelerated delivery of 17 Scarborough markets in 2004 and decreases in Continental Research costs of $0.7 million, partially offset by a $0.6 million increase in PPM ratings costs associated with the national marketing panel service, a $0.5 million increase in security costs, and a $0.8 million increase in custom research costs.
 
Selling, General and Administrative.  Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 9.1% to $67.3 million in 2005 from $61.7 million in 2004, and increased as a percentage of revenue to 21.7% in 2005 from 20.8% in 2004. The $5.6 million increase was due to increased expenses associated with Arbitron’s quantitative, qualitative and software application services of $3.2 million, increased PPM ratings expenses of $2.8 million, and increased expenses associated with the Smartplus and IRS acquisitions of $1.0 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in Internet service expenses of $1.1 million.
 
Research and Development.  Research and development expenses increased 15.8% to $38.6 million in 2005 from $33.3 million in 2004, and increased as a percentage of revenue to 12.4% in 2005 from 11.2% in 2004. Increased spending associated with Arbitron’s ratings and qualitative subscriber service of approximately $2.3 million, the Houston PPM market demonstration and other PPM ratings initiatives of approximately $1.6 million, and the deployment of Project Apollo’s pilot panel of approximately $1.4 million comprise the $5.3 million increase.
 
Operating Income.  Operating income increased 3.0% to $93.6 million in 2005 from $90.9 million in 2004. Operating margin decreased to 30.2% in 2005 from 30.7% in 2004.
 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliate.  Equity in net income of affiliate (relating to Arbitron’s Scarborough joint venture) increased 3.7% to $7.8 million in 2005 from $7.6 million in 2004. The increased earnings of Scarborough resulted mainly from increased revenues that were partially offset by the accelerated delivery of 17 markets during the fourth quarter of 2004 discussed previously.
 
Interest Income.  Interest income increased to $3.1 million in 2005 from $1.1 million in 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to higher average cash and short-term investment balances and interest rates for the year ended December 31, 2005 as compared to the same period in 2004.
 
Interest Expense.  Interest expense decreased to $4.0 million in 2005 from $7.9 million in 2004. The decrease is due to Arbitron’s extinguishment of its credit facility in September 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2004, the average balance outstanding under the credit facility was $28.5 million. The interest expense incurred for the year ended December 31, 2005 is associated with Arbitron’s 9.96% senior-secured-notes maturing on January 31, 2008.
 
Income Tax Expense.  Arbitron’s effective tax rate was 33.1% and 33.9% in 2005 and 2004, respectively. During 2005, certain liabilities for tax contingencies related to prior periods were reversed, due to the settlement and completion of certain income tax audits and returns and the expiration of audit statutes. Also, the valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets was reduced to reflect the estimated future benefit of utilizing state net


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operating loss carryforwards in certain states. The net benefit of these changes and other items was $4.7 million in 2005. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the effective tax rate, exclusive of these events, decreased to 37.8% primarily due to the benefit of increased tax-exempt interest income. During 2004, liabilities for certain tax contingencies were reversed and a valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets related to certain state net operating loss carryforwards was reduced. The net benefit of these changes and other items was $4.2 million in 2004. The effective tax rate, exclusive of these events, was 38.5% for the year ended December 31, 2004.
 
Net Income.  Net income increased 11.1% to $67.3 million in 2005 from $60.6 million in 2004. Lower interest expense accounted for $3.9 million of the $6.7 million increase.
 
EBIT and EBITDA.  Arbitron has presented EBIT and EBITDA, both non-GAAP financial measures, as supplemental information that management of Arbitron believes is useful to investors to evaluate Arbitron’s results because they exclude certain items that are not directly related to Arbitron’s core operating performance. EBIT is calculated by adding back net interest expense and income tax expense to net income. EBITDA is calculated by adding back net interest expense, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization to net income. EBIT and EBITDA should not be considered substitutes either for net income, as indicators of Arbitron’s operating performance, or for cash flow, as measures of Arbitron’s liquidity. In addition, because EBIT and EBITDA may not be calculated identically by all companies, the presentation here may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. EBIT increased 3.0% to $101.4 million and EBITDA increased 3.0% to $107.3 million in 2005 from $98.4 million and $104.2 million, respectively, in 2004.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Working capital was ($4.6) million and $58.8 million as of December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The $63.3 million decrease in working capital was primarily due to Arbitron using $50.0 million of available cash and short-term investments to prepay its senior-secured notes obligation on October 18, 2006. Excluding the deferred revenue liability, which does not require a significant additional cash outlay by Arbitron, working capital was $62.3 million and $121.2 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents were $33.6 million and $40.8 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. In addition, short-term investments and receivables from brokers, collectively, were $27.6 million and $82.6 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Management expects that Arbitron’s cash position, along with these readily convertible assets, as of December 31, 2006, and cash flow generated from operations and its available revolving credit facility will be sufficient to support Arbitron’s operations for the foreseeable future.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was $68.1 million and $77.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The $9.2 million decrease in net cash provided by operating activities was mainly attributable to a $16.7 million decrease in net income, and a $6.0 million decrease related to the excess tax benefit from stock option exercises for the year ended December 31, 2005. The decrease related to excess tax benefit from stock option exercises continue to be presented as an operating activity for 2005 in accordance with the modified prospective adoption of SFAS No. 123R on January 1, 2006. These decreases were partially offset by a $6.1 million increase in non-cash share-based compensation also due to the SFAS No. 123R adoption and a $2.5 million increase in deferred taxes. Increased operating expenses significantly decreased net income. These expenses included planned expenses required to build Arbitron’s PPM panels for markets other than Houston, operate the Houston panel and develop the national marketing research service through the Project Apollo pilot panel.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was further impacted by a $5.0 million increase related to accrued expenses and other current liabilities substantially due to a $4.7 million reversal of certain tax contingencies and other items in 2005, partially offset by a $3.3 million decrease in cash flow for increased purchases of PPM international inventory in 2006.
 
Net cash provided by investing activities was $35.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, and net cash used in investing activities was $102.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The $137.7 million increase in cash provided by investing activities was driven primarily by the full year impact of increased net sales of short-term investments of $137.5 million. Arbitron’s investment in available-for-sale variable rate demand notes issued by municipal government agencies and auction-rate securities began in the fourth quarter ended December 31,


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2005. In addition, Arbitron acquired Integrated Radio Systems, L.L.C. on September 20, 2005 for $4.2 million. However, no acquisitions were made during the year ended December 31, 2006. These increases in cash flow from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to the same period of 2005 were partially offset by increased capital spending of $3.9 million, which was largely related to PPM metering equipment purchases during 2006 for the PPM ratings service.
 
Net cash used in financing activities was $111.1 million and $20.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The $90.3 million fluctuation in financing activities was primarily attributable to the $50.0 million debt prepayment of Arbitron’s senior secured note on October 18, 2006 and a $30.0 million increase in repurchases of Arbitron’s outstanding common stock during the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to the same period in 2005. The $9.0 million decrease in proceeds from stock option exercises was the result of significantly fewer options nearing expiration and lower average stock prices for the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to the same period of 2005. Arbitron’s first quarterly dividend payment to Company stockholders was paid in April 2005. A $2.7 million increase in dividend payments resulted for the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to the same period of 2005 because four quarterly dividend payments to Company stockholders were made during 2006, as compared to the three payments made during the same period of 2005.
 
These increases in net cash used in financing activities were partially offset by a $1.9 million increase in realized tax benefits related to share-based awards, which in accordance with SFAS No. 123R, is required to be presented prospectively in Arbitron’s cash flow statement as a financing activity rather than as an operating activity for periods subsequent to January 1, 2006, the adoption date for SFAS No. 123R.
 
On October 18, 2006, Arbitron prepaid its senior-secured notes obligation using $50.0 million of its available cash and short-term investments. Under the original terms of the note agreement, the notes carried a fixed interest rate of 9.96% and a maturity date of January 31, 2008. In accordance with the provisions of the note agreement, Arbitron was obligated to pay an additional make-whole interest amount of $2.6 million.
 
On December 20, 2006, Arbitron entered into an agreement with a consortium of lenders to provide up to $150.0 million of financing to Arbitron through a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (the “2006 Credit Facility”). The agreement permits Arbitron to increase the financing available under the 2006 Credit Facility up to $200.0 million provided that any number of lenders are willing to increase the size of their commitment. Interest on borrowings under the credit facility will be calculated based on a floating rate for a duration of up to six months as selected by Arbitron.
 
Arbitron’s 2006 Credit Facility contains financial terms, covenants and operating restrictions that potentially restrict financial flexibility. Under the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility, Arbitron is required to maintain certain leverage and coverage ratios and meet other financial conditions. The agreement contains certain financial covenants and limits, among other things, Arbitron’s ability to sell assets, incur additional indebtedness, and grant or incur liens on its assets. Under the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility, all of Arbitron’s material domestic subsidiaries, if any, guarantee the commitment. Currently, Arbitron does not have any material domestic subsidiaries as defined under the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility. Although the management of Arbitron does not believe that the terms of its 2006 Credit Facility limit the operation of its business in any material respect, the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility may restrict or prohibit Arbitron’s ability to raise additional debt capital when needed or could prevent Arbitron from investing in other growth initiatives. Arbitron has been in compliance with the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility since its inception.
 
Arbitron announced on February 28, 2005, that its Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved the payment of Arbitron’s first quarterly cash dividend. Since that time the Board has continued to approve the payment of quarterly dividends of $.10 per common share to the stockholders of record as of the close of business on the 15th of each quarter end month. For 2006, a quarterly dividend payment was made in the month subsequent to each quarter end.
 
On January 24, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $70.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices through December 31, 2006. As of June 29, 2006, the program was completed with approximately 2.0 million shares repurchased for an aggregate purchase price of $70.0 million.


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On November 16, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $100.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices through November 2008. As of February 23, 2007, no shares were repurchased under this program.
 
Commercialization of the PPM ratings service will require a substantial financial investment. Arbitron believes it has sufficient cash and short-term investments as well as access to the 2006 Credit Facility to fund such requirements. Arbitron currently estimates that the aggregate capital expenditure associated with PPM ratings service commercialization for audience ratings measurement will be approximately $25.0 million over the first two to three years of commercialization. Arbitron also anticipates that, over the same period, its results of operations will be materially negatively impacted as a result of the rollout of this PPM ratings service. Ultimately, however, Arbitron believes that, while commercialization of PPM ratings service will have a near-term negative impact on Arbitron’s results of operations, its operating margins can be restored through the completion of the PPM transition process in the top 50 radio markets, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case.
 
The amount of capital required for deployment of the PPM ratings service and the impact of the rollout on Arbitron’s results of operations will be greatly affected by the speed with which the radio industry requests the PPM ratings service and the timing of the rollout. If the radio industry is slow to accept the PPM ratings service, as opposed to the use of diaries or some other competing alternative, then it will take longer to roll out the commercialization of the PPM ratings service, and the costs associated with that deployment will be delayed. On the other hand, if the radio industry asks for electronic measurement sooner rather than later, Arbitron’s capital needs will accelerate, and the near-term negative impact on Arbitron’s results of operations will be more significant.
 
The national marketing research service is a new service, however, for which market acceptance is not yet known. This service would require substantial additional expenditures if it ultimately proves to be a viable commercial service. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company incurred approximately $8.9 million of net expenditures relating to the national marketing pilot. If a decision is made to commercialize this service, substantial additional expenditures would be incurred during the next few years.
 
Since the pilot program for the national marketing service is in progress and customer response is preliminary, it is not yet possible to provide a meaningful assessment of future costs associated with a potential commercialization of this service. However, the same general cost pattern would apply as with the PPM ratings service, which is that substantial costs would have to be incurred in advance of revenues. This would result in a negative impact on results of operations in the first three to four years of commercialization, which impact likely would be material.
 
Arbitron expects to fund the pilot program for the national marketing service, and the expected commercialization of the PPM radio ratings service with its existing cash position and short-term investments, future cash from operations or through the most advantageous source of capital at the time, which may include borrowings under its current credit facility, sales of common and preferred stock and/or joint venture transactions. Arbitron believes that one or more of these sources of capital will be available to fund its PPM-related cash needs, but there can be no assurance that the external sources of capital will be available on favorable terms, if at all.
 
The following table summarizes Arbitron’s contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2006 (in thousands):
 
                                         
    Less Than
    1-3
    3-5
    More Than
       
    1 Year     Years     Years     5 Years     Total  
 
Long-term debt (A)
  $     $     $     $     $  
Operating leases (B)
    8,889       17,071       9,195       3,727       38,882  
Purchase obligations (C)
    2,791                         2,791  
Contributions for retirement plans (D)
    2,400                         2,400  
                                         
    $ 14,080     $ 17,071     $ 9,195     $ 3,727     $ 44,073  
                                         


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(A) Arbitron’s $50.0 million senior-secured debt obligation was prepaid during the fourth quarter of 2006. On December 20, 2006, Arbitron entered into a new credit agreement with a consortium of lenders to provide up to $150.0 million of financing. No borrowings under this new agreement were made as of December 31, 2006.
 
(B) See note 12 in the notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
(C) Other than for PPM equipment purchases, Arbitron generally does not make unconditional, noncancelable purchase commitments. Arbitron enters into purchase orders in the normal course of business, and they do not exceed one-year terms.
 
(D) Amount represents an estimate of its cash contribution for 2007 for retirement plans. Future cash contributions will be determined based upon the funded status of the plan. See note 14 in the notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
Arbitron did not enter into any off-balance sheet arrangements during 2006 or 2005, nor did Arbitron have any off-balance sheet arrangements outstanding at December 31, 2006 or 2005.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
Effective January 1, 2006, Arbitron adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payments Revised. See Notes 2 and 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the disclosures required by SFAS No. 123R.
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN No. 48”), an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing the recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and the cumulative effects, if any, of applying FIN No. 48 should be recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings. The management of Arbitron is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN No. 48 to Arbitron’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans (“SFAS No. 158”), which requires the recognition of the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit plan as an asset or liability in the consolidated balance sheet and to recognize any changes in that funded status through comprehensive income. This Statement requires Arbitron to measure the funded status of a plan as of December 31, 2006 and to disclose in the notes to financial statements additional information about certain effects on net periodic benefit cost for the next fiscal year that arise from delayed recognition of the gains or losses, prior service costs or credits, and transition asset or obligation. Arbitron currently measures planned assets and benefit obligations as of September 30 each year. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 158, the measurement date will be required to be as of the date of Arbitron’s fiscal year-end consolidated balance sheet effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. The impact to Arbitron’s consolidated balance sheet of adopting SFAS No. 158 as of December 31, 2006 consisted of a $1.5 million decrease in total assets, a $5.6 million increase in total liabilities, and a $7.1 million decrease in total equity. The net earnings and cash flows of the Company were not impacted by the adoption of SFAS No. 158. See Note 14 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 158.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements but rather eliminates inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting pronouncements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The management of Arbitron is evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 157, effective January 1, 2008, but does not currently expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on Arbitron’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations.


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ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
Arbitron holds its cash and cash equivalents in highly liquid securities. Arbitron also holds short-term investments, which consist of investment grade, highly liquid securities classified as available-for-sale. A hypothetical interest rate change of 1% would have an impact of approximately $0.8 million on interest income over a twelve month period.
 
Arbitron currently has no exposure to interest rate risk with respect to debt securities due to the prepayment of Arbitron’s 9.96% senior-secured notes in October 2006, Arbitron’s only outstanding debt obligation at that time. In December 2006, Arbitron entered into an agreement with a consortium of lenders to provide up to $150.0 million of financing to Arbitron through a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility. Interest on borrowings under the credit facility will be calculated based on a floating rate for a duration of up to six months. As of December 31, 2006 there were no outstanding borrowings under the new revolving credit facility. Arbitron does not use derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.
 
Because Arbitron currently has no outstanding floating rate debt, a hypothetical market interest rate change of 1% would have no effect on Arbitron’s results of operations.
 
Foreign Currency Risk
 
Arbitron’s foreign operations are not significant at this time, and, therefore, Arbitron’s exposure to foreign currency risk is minimal.
 
ITEM 8.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
 
The report of the independent registered public accounting firm and financial statements are set forth below (see Item 15(a) for list of financial statements and financial statement schedules):


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ARBITRON INC.
 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
         
    Page  
 
    47  
    49  
    50  
    51  
    52  
    53  
    54  
    78  


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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
  Arbitron Inc.:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Arbitron Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity (deficit), comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the financial statement schedule listed under item 15(a)(2). These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Arbitron Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
 
As discussed in Note 2, of the notes to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, on January 1, 2006 and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans on December 31, 2006.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Arbitron Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 27, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on management’s assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.
 
   
/s/  KPMG LLP
 
Baltimore, Maryland
February 27, 2007


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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
  Arbitron Inc.:
 
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, that Arbitron Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Arbitron Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, management’s assessment that Arbitron Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Also, in our opinion, Arbitron Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Arbitron Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity (deficit), comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, and our report dated February 27, 2007, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
 
   
/s/  KPMG LLP
 
Baltimore, Maryland
February 27, 2007


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2006 and 2005
(In thousands, except par value data)
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Assets
Current assets
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 33,640     $ 40,848  
Receivables from brokers
          30,000  
Short-term investments
    27,625       52,560  
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,419 in 2006 and $1,165 in 2005
    33,296       27,708  
Inventory
    3,793       442  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    4,167       3,665  
Deferred tax assets
    3,024       5,703  
                 
Total current assets
    105,545       160,926  
Investment in affiliate
    13,907       12,959  
Property and equipment, net
    41,470       30,875  
Goodwill, net
    40,558       40,558  
Other intangibles, net
    2,029       3,578  
Noncurrent deferred tax assets
    5,913       4,739  
Other noncurrent assets
    898       1,073  
                 
Total assets
  $ 210,320     $ 254,708  
                 
 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
               
Accounts payable
  $ 9,972     $ 8,605  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    33,258       31,123  
Deferred revenue
    66,875       62,434  
                 
Total current liabilities
    110,105       102,162  
Noncurrent liabilities
               
Long-term debt
          50,000  
Other noncurrent liabilities
    10,959       6,364  
                 
Total liabilities
    121,064       158,526  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
Stockholders’ equity
               
Preferred stock, $100.00 par value, 750 shares authorized, no shares issued
           
Common stock, $0.50 par value, authorized 500,000 shares, issued 32,338 shares in 2006 and 2005
    16,169       16,169  
Additional paid-in capital
    53,598       94,908  
Accumulated earnings (net distributions to Ceridian in excess of accumulated earnings) prior to spin-off
    (239,042 )     (239,042 )
Retained earnings subsequent to spin-off
    266,905       228,211  
Common stock held in treasury, 2,646 shares in 2006 and 1,294 shares in 2005
    (1,323 )     (647 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (7,051 )     (3,417 )
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    89,256       96,182  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 210,320     $ 254,708  
                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Consolidated Statements of Income
Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
                         
    2006     2005     2004  
 
Revenue
  $ 329,250     $ 309,955     $ 296,553  
                         
Costs and expenses
                       
Cost of revenue
    129,702       110,500       110,710  
Selling, general and administrative
    79,051       67,284       61,662  
Research and development
    44,235       38,563       33,297  
                         
Total costs and expenses
    252,988       216,347       205,669  
                         
Operating income
    76,262       93,608       90,884  
Equity in net income of affiliate
    7,748       7,829       7,552  
                         
Income before interest and income tax expense
    84,010       101,437       98,436  
Interest income
    3,103       3,121       1,099  
Interest expense
    6,103       4,001       7,909  
                         
Income before income tax expense
    81,010       100,557       91,626  
Income tax expense
    30,352       33,249       31,061  
                         
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ 60,565  
                         
Net income per weighted-average common share
                       
Basic
  $ 1.69     $ 2.16     $ 1.96  
Diluted
  $ 1.68     $ 2.14     $ 1.92  
Weighted-average common shares used in calculations
                       
Basic
    29,937       31,179       30,972  
Potentially dilutive securities
    149       321       499  
                         
Diluted
    30,086       31,500       31,471  
                         
Dividends declared per common share outstanding
  $ 0.40     $ 0.40     $  
                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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ARBITRON INC.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(In thousands)
 
                                                                 
                      Accumulated
                         
                      Earnings (Net
                         
                      Distributions to
                         
                      Ceridian in
                         
                      Excess of
    Retained
    Common
    Accumulated
    Total
 
    Number of
          Additional
    Accumulated
    Earnings
    Stock
    Other
    Stockholders’
 
    Shares
    Common
    Paid-In
    Earnings)
    Subsequent to
    Held in
    Comprehensive
    Equity
 
    Outstanding     Stock     Capital     Prior to Spin-off     Spin-off     Treasury     Loss     (Deficit)  
 
Balance at December 31, 2003
    30,710     $ 16,168     $ 100,024     $ (239,042 )   $ 112,795     $ (813 )   $ (3,377 )   $ (14,245 )
Net income
                            60,565                   60,565  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation
                                        230       230  
Change in additional minimum pension liability
                                        168       168  
Change in unrealized loss on interest rate swap
                                        1,171       1,171  
Income tax expense
                                        (696 )     (696 )
Common stock issued
    916             20,908                   459             21,367  
Noncash share-based compensation
                188                               188  
Common stock repurchased
    (666 )           (24,692 )                 (334 )           (25,026 )
Tax benefit from stock option exercises
                5,486                               5,486  
                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2004
    30,960       16,168       101,914       (239,042 )     173,360       (688 )     (2,504 )     49,208  
Net income
                            67,308                   67,308  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation
                                        (341 )     (341 )
Change in additional minimum pension liability
                                        (1,124 )     (1,124 )
Income tax benefit
                                        552       552  
Dividends declared
                            (12,457 )                 (12,457 )
Common stock issued
    1,033       1       26,091                   515             26,607  
Noncash share-based compensation
                426                               426  
Common stock repurchased
    (949 )           (39,502 )                 (474 )           (39,976 )
Tax benefit from stock option exercises
                5,979                               5,979  
                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2005
    31,044       16,169       94,908       (239,042 )     228,211       (647 )     (3,417 )     96,182  
Net income
                            50,658                   50,658  
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation
                                        431       431  
Change in retirement and post-retirement liabilities
                                        (6,375 )     (6,375 )
Income tax benefit
                                        2,310       2,310  
Dividends declared
                            (11,964 )                 (11,964 )
Common stock issued
    640             19,096                   313             19,409  
Noncash share-based compensation
                6,538                   7             6,545  
Common stock repurchased
    (1,992 )           (69,004 )                 (996 )           (70,000 )
Tax benefits from share-based awards
                2,060                               2,060  
                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2006
    29,692     $ 16,169     $ 53,598     $ (239,042 )   $ 266,905     $ (1,323 )   $ (7,051 )   $ 89,256  
                                                                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004
(In thousands)
 
                         
    2006     2005     2004  
 
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ 60,565  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
                       
Foreign currency translation, net of tax (expense) benefit of $(168), $131, and $183, respectively
    263       (210 )     47  
Fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax expense of $0, $0, and $(449), respectively
                722  
Benefit plans net of tax benefit (expense) of $2,478, $421 and $(64), respectively
    (3,897 )     (703 )     104  
                         
Other comprehensive (loss) income
    (3,634 )     (913 )     873  
                         
Comprehensive income
  $ 47,024     $ 66,395     $ 61,438  
                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(In thousands)
 
                         
    2006     2005     2004  
 
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
Net income
  $ 50,658     $ 67,308     $ 60,565  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
                       
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
    7,848       4,162       4,334  
Amortization of intangible assets
    1,550       1,657       1,388  
Loss on asset disposals
    591       347       541  
Asset impairment charges
    638             328  
Deferred income taxes
    3,816       1,326       22,748  
Equity in net income of affiliate
    (7,748 )     (7,829 )     (7,552 )
Distributions from affiliate
    6,800       7,000       6,375  
Bad debt expense
    890       426       305  
Tax benefit from stock option exercises
          5,979       5,486  
Non-cash share-based compensation
    6,545       426       188  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding effects of business acquisitions
                       
Trade accounts receivable
    (6,169 )     (4,982 )     (1,231 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    (529 )     (453 )     637  
Inventory
    (3,351 )     (69 )     (147 )
Accounts payable
    1,136       2,054       42  
Accrued expense and other current liabilities
    2,146       (2,853 )     2,721  
Deferred revenue
    4,395       2,827       705  
Other noncurrent liabilities
    (1,067 )     56       649  
                         
Net cash provided by operating activities
    68,149       77,382       98,082  
                         
Cash flows from investing activities
                       
Additions to property and equipment
    (19,563 )     (15,615 )     (10,164 )
Purchases of short-term investments
    (456,975 )     (224,070 )      
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments
    511,910       141,510        
Payments for business acquisitions
          (4,176 )     (8,928 )
                         
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    35,372       (102,351 )     (19,092 )
                         
Cash flows from financing activities
                       
Proceeds from stock option exercises and stock purchase plan
    19,584       28,549       19,287  
Stock repurchases
    (70,000 )     (39,976 )     (25,026 )
Tax benefits realized from share-based awards
    1,875              
Dividends paid to stockholders
    (12,103 )     (9,358 )      
Payments for deferred financing costs
    (447 )            
Payment of long-term debt
    (50,000 )           (55,000 )
                         
Net cash used in financing activities
    (111,091 )     (20,785 )     (60,739 )
                         
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    362       (299 )     217  
                         
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (7,208 )     (46,053 )     18,468  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    40,848       86,901       68,433  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 33,640     $ 40,848     $ 86,901  
                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
 
1.   Basis of Presentation
 
Basis of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements of Arbitron Inc. (“Arbitron” or the “Company”) reflect the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Arbitron Inc. and its subsidiaries: Arbitron Holdings Inc., Audience Research Bureau S.A. de C.V., Ceridian Infotech (India) Private Limited, CSW Research Limited, Euro Fieldwork Limited, and Arbitron International, LLC. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Description of Business
 
Arbitron is an international media and marketing information services firm primarily serving radio, cable television, retailers, advertising agencies, advertisers, out-of-home media, online media, and through its Scarborough Research (“Scarborough”) joint venture, broadcast television and print media.
 
Arbitron currently provides four main services: measuring radio audiences in local markets in the United States and Mexico; measuring national radio audiences and the audience size and composition of network radio programs and commercials; providing application software used for accessing and analyzing media audience and marketing information data; and providing consumer, shopping, and media usage information services to radio, cable television, retailers, advertising agencies, advertisers, out-of-home media, online industries and, through its Scarborough joint venture, broadcast television and print media.
 
2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Syndicated or recurring products and services are licensed on a contractual basis. Revenues for such products and services are recognized over the term of the license agreement as products or services are delivered. Customer billings in advance of delivery are recorded as a deferred revenue liability. Deferred revenue relates primarily to quantitative radio measurement surveys which are delivered to customers in the subsequent quarterly period. Software revenue is recognized ratably over the life of the agreement in accordance with Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition. Through the standard software license agreement, customers are provided enhancements and upgrades, if any, that occur during their license term at no additional cost. Customer agreements with multiple licenses are reviewed for separation under the provision of EITF No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Sales tax charged to customers is presented on a net basis within the consolidated income statement and excluded from recorded revenues.
 
Expense Recognition
 
Direct costs associated with the Company’s data collection and diary processing are recognized when incurred and are included in cost of revenue. Selling, general, and administrative expenses are recognized when incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of expenses associated with the development of new products and customer software and other technical expenses including maintenance of legacy operations and reporting systems.
 
Cash Equivalents
 
Cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments with insignificant interest rate risk and original maturities of three months or less.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Short-term Investments and Receivables from Brokers
 
Short-term investments consist of municipal and other government-issued variable rate demand notes recorded by the Company at fair value. These investments are classified as available-for-sale securities, which in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS No. 115”), are stated at fair value. Under SFAS 115, unrealized gains and temporary losses for available-for-sale securities are to be reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and realized gains and losses on settled trades are to be recognized in earnings. Because the Company’s short-term investments are traded at par, the amount of realized gains and losses included in earnings is zero. Due to the short-term duration of these investments, there is no change in fair value subsequent to the record date of purchase and therefore, the amount of unrealized gain and loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is zero.
 
Purchases and sales of these short-term investments consisted of the buying and selling of variable rate demand notes and auction rate securities. These investments are investment grade, highly liquid securities. The Company conducts these transactions through various financial institutions which are evaluated for their credit quality.
 
Receivables from brokers are recognized for the amount of unsettled sales of these securities, if any, pending the receipt of the related proceeds in the subsequent reporting period.
 
Trade Accounts Receivable
 
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts. The allowance of doubtful accounts is estimated based on historical trends of past due accounts and write-offs.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories consist of Portable People Metertm equipment held for resale to international licensees of the PPMtm service. The inventory is accounted for on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:
 
         
Computer equipment
    3 years  
Purchased software and development costs
    3 – 5 years  
Leasehold improvements
    Shorter of useful life or life of lease  
Machinery, furniture and fixtures
    3 – 6 years  
 
Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions are included in the consolidated results of operations at the date of disposal.
 
Expenditures for significant software purchases and software developed for internal use are capitalized. For software developed for internal use, all external direct costs for materials and services and certain payroll and related fringe benefit costs are capitalized in accordance with Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. The costs are capitalized from the time that the preliminary project stage is completed and management considers it probable that the software will be used to perform the function intended until the time the software is placed in service for its intended use. Once the software is placed in service, the capitalized costs are amortized over periods of three to five years. Management performs an assessment quarterly to determine if it is probable that all capitalized software will be used to perform its intended function. If an impairment exists, the software cost is written down to estimated fair value.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Investment in Affiliate
 
Investment in affiliate is accounted for using the equity method where the Company has an ownership interest of 50% or less and the ability to exercise significant influence or has a majority ownership interest but does not have the ability to exercise effective control.
 
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
 
Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (“SFAS No. 142”). The Company performs its annual impairment test at the reporting unit level as of January 1st for each fiscal year. SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.
 
Goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested annually for impairment, and are tested for impairment more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value.
 
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
 
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and would be no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposal group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.
 
Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
Pro Forma Disclosures of Stock-Based Compensation
 
During the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company applied the intrinsic-value-based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, (“APB No. 25”) and related interpretations, including Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation, an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25, issued in March 2000, to account for its fixed-plan stock options. Under this method, compensation expense was recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price of the options. In the case of issuances of stock awards, compensation expense was


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

recorded based upon the quoted market value of shares of common stock on the date of grant. Any resulting compensation expense was recognized ratably over the vesting period. SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended by SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transitions and Disclosure (“SFAS No. 123”), established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No. 123, the Company elected to continue to apply the intrinsic-value-based method of accounting described above, and adopted only the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payments Revised (“SFAS No. 123R”), and began recognizing share-based compensation expense using a fair-value-based method. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and net income per share if the fair-value-based method had been applied to all outstanding share-based awards in the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):
 
                 
    2005     2004  
 
Net income, as reported
  $ 67,308     $ 60,565  
Add: Nonemployee stock-based compensation expense, net of tax
    263       116  
Less: Stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value method, net of tax
    5,537       3,042  
                 
Pro forma net income
  $ 62,034     $ 57,639  
                 
Basic net income per weighted average common share, as reported
  $ 2.16     $ 1.96  
Pro forma basic net income per weighted average common share
  $ 1.99     $ 1.86  
Diluted net income per weighted average common share, as reported
  $ 2.14     $ 1.92  
Pro forma diluted net income per weighted average common share
  $ 1.98     $ 1.83  
Options granted to employees and directors
    591,961       485,393  
Weighted-average exercise price
  $ 40.80     $ 37.96  
Weighted-average fair value
  $ 13.72     $ 13.09  
Weighted-average assumptions:
               
Expected lives in years
    6.5       6.0  
Expected volatility
    28.5 %     27.3 %
Expected dividend rate
    1 %      
Risk-free interest rate
    3.89 %     3.69 %
 
Net Income per Weighted Average Common Share
 
The computations of basic and diluted net income per weighted-average common share for 2006, 2005, and 2004 are based on Arbitron’s weighted-average shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding.
 
Potentially dilutive securities are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that the proceeds from the exercise of all stock options are used to repurchase the Company’s common stock at the average market price for the period. As of December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 there were options to purchase 2,102,596, 2,416,733, and 2,848,989 shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding, of which options to purchase 767,894, 621,148, and 402,538 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per weighted-average common share, either because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the Company’s common shares or assumed repurchases from proceeds from the options’ exercise were potentially antidilutive. The Company elected to use the short-cut method of determining its initial hypothetical tax benefit windfall pool and in accordance with provisions under SFAS No. 123R, the assumed proceeds associated with the entire amount of tax benefits for share-based awards granted prior to SFAS No. 123R adoption were used in the diluted shares computation. For share-based awards


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

granted subsequent to the January 1, 2006 SFAS No. 123R adoption date, the assumed proceeds for the related excess tax benefits were used in the diluted shares computation.
 
Translation of Foreign Currencies
 
Financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars at current rates at the end of the period except that revenue and expenses are translated at average current exchange rates during each reporting period. Net translation exchange gains or losses and the effect of exchange rate changes on intercompany transactions of a long-term nature are accumulated and charged directly to a separate component of other comprehensive income and accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses from translation of assets and liabilities denominated in other than the functional currency of the operation are recorded in income as incurred.
 
Advertising Expense
 
The Company recognizes advertising expense the first time advertising takes place. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $2.0 million, $1.9 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
 
Accounting Estimates
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include: valuation allowances for receivables and deferred income tax assets; loss contingencies; and assets and obligations related to employee benefits. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Legal Matters
 
The Company is involved, from time to time, in litigation and proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business. Legal costs for services rendered in the course of these proceedings are charged to expense as they are incurred.
 
Leases
 
Arbitron conducts all of its operations in leased facilities and leases certain equipment which have minimum lease obligations under noncancelable operating leases. Certain of these leases contain rent escalations based on specified percentages. Most of the leases contain renewal options and require payments for taxes, insurance and maintenance. Rent expense is charged to operations as incurred except for escalating rents, which are charged to operations on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payments Revised. See Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 123R.
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN No. 48”), an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing the recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and the cumulative effects, if any, of applying FIN No. 48 should be recorded as an adjustment


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

to retained earnings. The management of the Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN No. 48 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
Effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans (“SFAS No. 158”). See Note 14 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 158.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements but rather eliminates inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting pronouncements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The management of the Company is evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 157, but does not currently expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157, effective January 1, 2008, to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
3.   Inventories
 
Inventories as of December 31, 2006, and 2005, consisted of $3.8 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of Portable People Meter equipment held for resale to international licensees of the PPM service. The inventory is accounted for on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis.
 
4.   Short-term Investments
 
All of the Company’s short-term investment assets are classified as available-for-sale securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115. Short-term investments as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, consisted of $27.6 million and $52.6 million, respectively, in municipal and other government-issued variable-rate demand notes and auction-rate securities recorded by the Company at fair value. There was no receivable from brokers on unsettled trades as of December 31, 2006. A $30.0 million receivable from brokers was recorded as of December 31, 2005.
 
For the years ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, gross purchases of available-for-sale securities were $457.0 million and $224.1 million, respectively, and gross proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities were $511.9 million and $141.5 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2005, gross sales of available-for-sale securities was $171.5 million, which includes $141.5 million in proceeds and a $30.0 million receivable from brokers on unsettled trades. There were no purchases or sales of short-term investments in 2004.
 
5.   Investment in Affiliate
 
Investment in affiliate consists of the Company’s 49.5% interest in Scarborough, a syndicated, qualitative local market research partnership, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
 
Under the Scarborough partnership agreement, the Company has the exclusive right to license Scarborough’s services to radio stations, cable companies, and out-of-home media, and a nonexclusive right to license Scarborough’s services to advertising agencies and advertisers. The Company pays a royalty fee to Scarborough based on a percentage of revenues. Royalties of $24.0 million, $21.7 million and $22.8 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, are included in cost of revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. Accrued royalties due to Scarborough as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 of $6.1 million and $5.5 million, respectively, are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
Scarborough’s revenue was $61.1 million, $55.9 million and $54.9 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Scarborough’s total assets and liabilities were $34.6 million and $2.1 million, and $32.9 million and $2.3 million, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company’s equity in net income of Scarborough was $7.7 million, $7.8 million and $7.6 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Company


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

received distributions from Scarborough in 2006, 2005 and 2004 of $6.8 million, $7.0 million and $6.4 million, respectively.
 
6.   Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 consist of the following (in thousands):
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Purchased software and development costs
  $ 28,856     $ 22,043  
Portable People Meter equipment
    15,882       9,204  
Computer equipment
    12,461       9,381  
Leasehold improvements
    7,494       7,343  
Machinery, furniture and fixtures
    5,896       5,720  
                 
      70,589       53,691  
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (29,119 )     (22,816 )
                 
Property and equipment, net
  $ 41,470     $ 30,875  
                 
 
Depreciation and amortization expense for 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $7.8 million, $4.2 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Interest costs capitalized during 2006 and 2005 were $1.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively.
 
7.   Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill is measured for impairment annually as of January 1 under the guidance set forth in SFAS No. 142. During 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company tested its goodwill in accordance with the standard and concluded no impairment charge was required.
 
Intangible assets, which consist primarily of acquired software, customer lists and noncompete agreements, with finite lives are being amortized to expense over their estimated useful lives. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had no intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Amortization expense for intangible assets for 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $1.5 million, $1.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets is estimated to be $0.8 million in 2007, $0.3 million in 2008, $0.2 million in 2009, $0.1 million in 2010, $0.1 million in 2011, and $0.5 million thereafter.
 
Changes in goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (in thousands):
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Beginning of year balance
  $ 40,558     $ 37,773  
Integrated Radio Systems, LLC acquisition
          2,785  
                 
End of year balance
  $ 40,558     $ 40,558  
                 


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

8.   Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 consist of the following (in thousands):
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Employee compensation and benefits
  $ 20,456     $ 18,289  
Royalties due to Scarborough
    6,067       5,483  
Dividend payable
    2,960       3,099  
Other
    3,775       4,252  
                 
    $ 33,258     $ 31,123  
                 
 
9.   Purchase Acquisition
 
On September 20, 2005, Arbitron acquired the net assets of Integrated Radio Systems, L.L.C. (“IRS”)sm for $4.6 million, including $0.1 million in transaction costs. IRS was a provider of software systems that help radio stations manage their advertising sales process and automate the daily tasks in a sales department. The $4.6 million purchase price was allocated to $1.8 million in identifiable intangible assets and tangible net assets and $2.8 million to goodwill. The purchase price included a deferred cash payment of $0.5 million, which is due in September 2008.
 
On March 11, 2004, Arbitron acquired certain assets of Marketing Resources Plus from Interactive Market Systems, Inc., part of the VNU Media Measurement and Information Group, for $8.9 million in cash. The $8.9 million purchase price was allocated as follows: $0.5 million in tangible net assets, $3.6 million in identifiable intangible assets and $4.8 million to goodwill.
 
Disclosure of pro forma results for these acquisitions were not required under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, due to immateriality.
 
10.   Long-term Debt
 
Long-term debt as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 consisted of $0 and $50.0 million in senior-secured-notes. The fair value of the senior-secured-notes as of December 31, 2005 was $51.8 million, and was estimated using a cash flow valuation model and available market data for securities with similar effective maturity dates.
 
On October 18, 2006, the Company prepaid its senior-secured notes obligation using $50.0 million of its available cash and short-term investments. Under the original terms of the note agreement, the notes carried a fixed interest rate of 9.96% and a maturity date of January 31, 2008. In accordance with the provisions of the note agreement, the Company was obligated to pay an additional make-whole interest amount of $2.6 million. The Company accelerated the amortization of the outstanding balance of deferred financing costs associated with the debenture in the amount of $0.3 million. Both of these amounts were expensed as interest in the Company’s financial statements during the fourth quarter of 2006.
 
On December 20, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consortium of lenders to provide up to $150.0 million of financing to the Company through a five-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (the “2006 Credit Facility”). The agreement permits the Company to increase the financing available under the 2006 Credit Facility up to $200.0 million provided that any number of lenders are willing to increase the size of their commitment. The 2006 Credit Facility includes a $15.0 million maximum letter of credit commitment. As of December 31, 2006, no borrowings had been made under the 2006 Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company was in compliance with the terms of its 2006 Credit Facility and senior-secured notes agreement, respectively.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
The 2006 Credit Facility has two borrowing options, a Eurodollar rate option or an alternate base rate option, as defined in the agreement. Under the Eurodollar option, the Company may elect interest periods of one, two, three or six months at the inception date and each renewal date. Borrowings under the Eurodollar option bear interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin of 0.575% to 1.25%. Borrowings under the base rate option bear interest at the higher of the lead lender’s prime rate or the Federal Funds rate plus 50 basis points, plus a margin of 0.00% to 0.25%. The specific margins, under both options, are determined based on the Company’s ratio of indebtedness to earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (the “leverage ratio”), and is adjusted every ninety days. The agreement contains a facility fee provision whereby the Company is charged a fee, ranging from 0.175% to 0.25%, applied to the total amount of the commitment. Under the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility, the Company is required to maintain certain leverage and coverage ratios and meet other financial conditions. The agreement contains certain financial covenants, and limits, among other things, the Company’s ability to sell assets, incur additional indebtedness, and grant or incur liens on its assets. Under the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility, all of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries, if any, guarantee the commitment. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had no material domestic subsidiaries as defined by the terms of the 2006 Credit Facility.
 
Although the Company has no borrowings under the 2006 Credit Facility as of December 31, 2006, if a default occurs on future borrowings, either because Arbitron is unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service the debt or because Arbitron fails to comply with one or more of the restrictive covenants, the lenders could elect to declare all of the then outstanding borrowings, as well as accrued interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable. In addition, a default may result in the application of higher rates of interest on the amounts due.
 
Interest paid in 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $7.5 million, including the $2.6 million make-whole provision amount mentioned previously, $5.0 million and $7.4 million, respectively. Interest capitalized in 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $1.0 million, $1.2 million, and $0.4 million, respectively. Non-cash amortization of deferred financing costs classified as interest expense in 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $0.4 million, $0.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
 
11.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (in thousands):
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
  $ 340     $ 77  
Additional minimum pension liability, net of tax
    (7,391 )     (3,494 )
                 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
  $ (7,051 )   $ (3,417 )
                 
 
12.   Commitments and Contingencies
 
Leases
 
The Company conducts all of its operations in leased facilities and leases certain equipment which have minimum lease obligations under noncancelable operating leases. Certain of these leases contain rent escalations based on specified percentages. Most of the leases contain renewal options and require payments for taxes, insurance and maintenance. Rent expense is charged to operations as incurred except for escalating rents, which are charged to operations on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. Rent expense was $9.8 million, $9.6 million and $9.1 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
Future minimum lease commitments under noncancelable operating leases having an initial term of more than one year, are as follows (in thousands):
 
         
2007
  $ 8,889  
2008
    8,828  
2009
    8,243  
2010
    4,968  
2011
    4,227  
Thereafter
    3,727  
         
    $ 38,882  
         
 
Legal Matters
 
The Company is involved, from time to time, in litigation and proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business. Legal costs for services rendered in the course of these proceedings are charged to expense as they are incurred.
 
During 2005, the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue concluded a sales tax audit and notified the Company of an assessment of $3.6 million, including outstanding sales tax and accumulated interest since 2001. Since 2005, the assessment has increased due to additional interest to $3.8 million as of December 31, 2006.
 
Currently, the Company is in the appeals process with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and continues to contest the assessment in its entirety. Consistent with the findings of a previous Pennsylvania sales tax audit, the Company contends that it continues to provide nontaxable services to its Pennsylvania customers and intends to vigorously defend this position during the appeals process. Although the Company anticipates a successful outcome, it cannot guarantee that a favorable settlement will occur. Given the nature of this uncertainty, no loss has been recognized as of December 31, 2006.
 
13.   Income Taxes
 
The provision for income taxes is based on income recognized for consolidated financial statement purposes and includes the effects of permanent and temporary differences between such income and income recognized for income tax return purposes. As a result of the spin-off, deferred tax assets consisting of net operating loss and credit carryforwards were transferred from Ceridian to Arbitron, along with temporary differences related to the Arbitron business. The net operating loss carryforwards will expire in various amounts from 2007 to 2026.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
The components of income before income tax expense and a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the income tax rate on income before income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
                         
Income before income tax expense:
                       
U.S. 
  $ 80,470     $ 100,575     $ 91,469  
International
    540       (18 )     157  
                         
Total
  $ 81,010     $ 100,557     $ 91,626  
                         
Income tax expense:
                       
Current:
                       
U.S. 
  $ 25,463     $ 30,841     $ 10,553  
State, local and foreign
    1,073       1,082       (2,240 )
                         
      26,536       31,923       8,313  
                         
Deferred:
                       
U.S. 
    1,410       (975 )     18,455  
State, local and foreign
    2,658       3,231       6,500  
Net reduction in valuation allowance
    (252 )     (930 )     (2,207 )
                         
Total
    3,816       1,326       22,748  
                         
    $ 30,352     $ 33,249     $ 31,061  
                         
U.S. statutory rate
    35.0 %     35.0 %     35.0 %
                         
Income tax expense at U.S. statutory rate
  $ 28,353     $ 35,196     $ 32,069  
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
    2,183       3,208       2,769  
Tax-exempt interest income
    (1,052 )     (524 )      
Meals and entertainment
    278       264       295  
Reduction in valuation allowance for state NOLs
    (252 )     (930 )     (2,207 )
Adjustments to tax liabilities
    673       (3,854 )     (1,718 )
Other
    169       (111 )     (147 )
                         
Income tax expense
  $ 30,352     $ 33,249     $ 31,061  
                         
Effective tax rate
    37.5 %     33.1 %     33.9 %
                         
 
The effective tax rate was 37.5% for the year ended December 31, 2006. During 2006, certain liabilities for tax contingencies related to prior periods were provided for due to the settlement and completion of income tax audits and returns and the expiration of audit statutes. In addition, the Federal and state tax liabilities were adjusted to reflect the actual filing positions of the Company. The valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets was reduced to reflect the estimated future benefit of utilizing state net operating loss carryforwards in certain states. The net tax expense of these changes and other items was $0.4 million in 2006. The effective tax rate of 33.1% in 2005 reflected a net benefit of $4.7 million primarily due to changes in liabilities for tax contingencies and a change in the valuation allowance related to certain state net operating losses. Excluding these items, the effective tax rate decreased from 37.8% in 2005 to 36.9% in 2006 primarily due to increased tax benefits from the Company’s tax-exempt interest income earned during the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

As the Company is subject to federal and state audits throughout the normal course of operations, losses for tax contingencies are recognized for unasserted contingent claims when such matters are probable and reasonably estimable.
 
Temporary differences and the resulting deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
                 
    2006     2005  
 
Deferred tax assets:
               
Current deferred tax assets
               
Accruals
  $ 1,997       3,792  
Net operating loss carryforwards
    1,027       1,911  
                 
      3,024       5,703  
                 
Noncurrent deferred tax assets
               
Benefit plans
    5,962       3,930  
Depreciation
    2,023       1,126  
Accruals
    644       602  
Net operating loss carryforwards
    1,135       1,913  
FAS 123R share-based compensation
    2,142        
Partnership interest
    2,416       2,681  
Other
    29       334  
                 
      14,351       10,586  
Less valuation allowance
    (12 )     (264 )
                 
Total deferred tax assets
  $ 17,363     $ 16,025  
                 
                 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
                 
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities
               
Goodwill and other intangible amortization
  $ (5,906 )   $ (4,200 )
Benefits plans
    (2,385 )     (1,308 )
Other
    (135 )     (75 )
                 
Total deferred tax liabilities
    (8,426 )     (5,583 )
                 
Net deferred tax assets
  $ 8,937     $ 10,442  
                 
 
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which the temporary differences become deductible and before tax credits or net operating loss carryforwards expire. Management considered historical results of Arbitron during the previous three years and projected future taxable income and determined that a valuation allowance of less than $0.1 million and $0.3 million was required as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, for certain state net operating loss carryforwards.
 
During 2006, an adjustment of $3.8 million related to Arbitron’s partnership interest in Scarborough was made to increase the net deferred tax asset and a corresponding adjustment was made to accumulated earnings prior to spin-off. The effective date for the adjustment was March 30, 2001, the date of the reverse spin-off from Ceridian Corporation.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
Income taxes paid in 2006, 2005 and 2004 were $25.6 million, $31.4 million and $5.6 million, respectively.


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Table of Contents

ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

14.   Retirement Plans

 
Adoption of SFAS No. 158
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, (“SFAS No. 158”) which requires the recognition of the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit plan as an asset or liability in the balance sheet and to recognize any changes in that funded status through comprehensive income. SFAS No. 158 requires the Company to measure the funded status of a plan as of December 31, 2006 and to disclose in the notes to financial statements additional information about certain effects on net periodic benefit cost for the next fiscal year that arise from delayed recognition of the gains or losses, prior service costs or credits, and transition asset or obligation. Arbitron currently measures planned assets and benefit obligations as of September 30 each year. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 158, the measurement date will be required to be as of the date of the Company’s fiscal year-end statement of financial position effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. The incremental impact of adopting the funded status recognition requirements of SFAS No. 158, on the assets and liabilities of the Company’s defined benefit plans and other retirement plans included in the line items of the consolidated balance sheet, is shown in the accompanying table (in thousands):
 
                         
    Incremental Impact of
 
    SFAS No. 158 Adoption
 
    As of December 31, 2006  
    Before SFAS 
          After SFAS 
 
    No. 158
          No. 158
 
    Adoption     Adjustment     Adoption  
 
Noncurrent deferred tax asset
  $ (1,122 )   $ 4,699     $ 3,577  
Other noncurrent assets
    6,172       (6,172 )      
Total assets
    5,050       (1,473 )     3,577  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    (1,318 )     249       (1,069 )
Noncurrent liabilities
    3,266       5,357       8,623  
Total liabilities
    1,948       5,606       7,554  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (312 )     (7,079 )     (7,391 )
Total stockholders’ equity
  $ (312 )   $ (7,079 )   $ (7,391 )
 
The net earnings and cash flows of the Company were not impacted by the adoption of SFAS No. 158.
 
Pension Benefits
 
Certain of Arbitron’s United States employees participate in a defined benefit pension plan that closed to new participants effective January 1, 1995. Benefits under the plan for most eligible employees are calculated using the final five year average salary of the employee. Employees participate in this plan by means of salary reduction contributions. Retirement plan funding amounts are based on independent consulting actuaries’ determination of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 funding requirements.
 
The Company’s discount rate on its actuarially determined benefit obligations is 5.75% as of September 30, 2006, the measurement date for the Company’s latest valuation. The discount rate was determined using Moody’s AA Corporate bond yields, which closely approximated the duration of the Company’s benefit obligation. Due primarily to an increase in the discount rate, the amount of Company contributions, and the effect of the plan’s investment experience as of the September 30, 2006 measurement date on the valuation of plan assets, the fair value of plan assets exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation of the plan. For the September 30, 2005 measurement date, the accumulated benefit obligation of the plan exceeded the fair value of assets due partially to a decrease in the discount rate. Pension expense was $1.4 million, $1.3 million and $1.2 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Company’s projected benefit obligations exceeded plan assets by $3.5 million and $5.2 million as of September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
The Company’s overall expected long-term rate of return on assets is 8.0%. Arbitron employs a total return investment approach whereby a mix of equities and fixed income investments is used to maximize the long-term return of plan assets for a prudent level of risk. The intent of this strategy is to minimize plan expenses by outperforming plan liabilities over the long run. Risk tolerance is established through careful consideration of plan liabilities, plan funded status, and corporate financial condition. The investment portfolio contains a diversified blend of equity and fixed income investments. Furthermore, equity investments are diversified across U.S. and non-U.S. stocks as well as growth and value stocks. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through annual liability measurements, periodic asset/liability studies and periodic investment performance reviews.
 
Arbitron’s investment strategy is to diversify assets so that adverse results from one asset or asset class will not have an unduly detrimental effect on the entire portfolio. Diversification includes by type, by characteristic, and by number of investments, as well as by investment style of management organization. Cash held and intended to pay benefits is considered to be a residual asset in the asset mix, and therefore, compliance with the ranges and targets specified shall be calculated excluding such assets. Assets of the plan do not include securities issued by Arbitron. The target allocation for each asset class is 60% equity securities and 40% debt securities. Arbitron’s pension plan weighted-average asset allocations as of September 30, 2006 and 2005, by asset category were as follows:
 
                 
    Plan Assets
 
    as of
 
    September 30,  
Asset Category
  2006     2005  
 
Equity securities
    59 %     59 %
Debt securities
    39 %     40 %
Cash and cash equivalents
    2 %     1 %
                 
Total
    100 %     100 %
                 
 
The components of net periodic cost for 2006, 2005, and 2004 are as follows (in thousands):
 
                         
Net Periodic Cost
  2006     2005     2004  
 
Service cost of benefits
  $ 966     $ 809     $ 742  
Interest cost
    1,651       1,549       1,415  
Expected return on plan assets
    (1,970 )     (1,674 )     (1,486 )
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    719       559       469  
Amortization of prior service cost
    22       22       22  
                         
Total
  $ 1,388     $ 1,265     $ 1,162  
                         
 
Arbitron’s estimate for contributions to be paid in 2007 is $2.0 million. The expected benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
 
         
2007
  $ 1,632  
2008
    1,759  
2009
    1,843  
2010
    1,728  
2011
    2,033  
2012-2016
    12,113  
         
    $ 21,108  
         


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

The accumulated benefit obligation for the defined benefit pension plan was $26.1 million and $26.0 million as of September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
 
The funded status of the plan as of the measurement dates of September 30, 2006 and 2005, and change in funded status for the annual periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 are shown in the accompanying table, along with the assumptions used in the calculations.
 
Supplemental Retirement
 
Arbitron also sponsors two nonqualified, unfunded supplemental retirement plans; the Arbitron Benefit Equalization Plan (“BEP”) and the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”). The purpose of the BEP is to ensure that pension plan participants will not be deprived of benefits otherwise payable under the pension plan but for the operation of the provisions of Internal Revenue Service Code sections 415 and 401. The SERP is a supplemental retirement plan for Arbitron’s chief executive officer.
 
The accumulated benefit obligation for the supplemental plans as of September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $2.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, prepaid pension costs of $0.5 million held in benefit protection trusts were included in other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
Arbitron’s estimate for contributions to be paid in 2007 is $0.3 million. The expected benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
 
         
2007
  $ 259  
2008
    265  
2009
    336  
2010
    799  
2011
    264  
2012-2016
    1,532  
         
    $ 3,455  
         
 
The components of net periodic cost for 2006, 2005, and 2004 are as follows (in thousands):
 
                         
Net Periodic Cost
  2006     2005     2004  
 
Service cost of benefits
  $ 57     $ 57     $ 122  
Interest cost
    162       136       192  
Expected return on plan assets
                 
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    123       155       231  
Amortization of prior service cost
    (22 )     (22 )     (22 )
                         
Total
  $ 320     $ 326     $ 523  
                         
 


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

                                 
    Defined Benefit
    Supplemental
 
    Pension Plan
    Retirement Plans
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2006     2005     2006     2005  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Change in benefit obligation during the period
                               
At beginning of period
  $ 30,286     $ 25,658     $ 2,972     $ 2,266  
Service cost
    966       809       57       57  
Interest cost
    1,651       1,549       162       136  
Plan participants’ contributions
    348       364       50       56  
Actuarial loss
    631       2,448       552       516  
Benefits paid
    (1,948 )     (542 )     (140 )     (59 )
                                 
At end of period
  $ 31,934     $ 30,286     $ 3,653     $ 2,972  
                                 
Change in fair value of plan assets
                               
At beginning of period
  $ 25,124     $ 20,597     $     $  
Actual return on plan assets
    2,078       2,197              
Employer contribution
    2,872       2,508       140       59  
Plan participants’ contributions
    348       364              
Benefits paid
    (1,948 )     (542 )     (140 )     (59 )
                                 
At end of period
  $ 28,474     $ 25,124     $     $  
                                 
Funded status
  $ (3,460 )   $ (5,162 )   $ (3,653 )   $ (2,972 )
Contributions between measurement date and year end
          N/A       12       N/A  
                                 
Net pension liability at fiscal year end
  $ (3,460 )     N/A     $ (3,641 )     N/A  
                                 
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
                               
Unrecognized net actuarial loss
  $ 9,560       N/A       1,855       N/A  
Unrecognized prior service cost
  $ 72       N/A       (72 )     N/A  
Unrecognized transition obligation
  $       N/A             N/A  
Estimated amounts of accumulated other comprehensive to be recognized as net periodic cost during 2007
                               
Net actuarial loss
  $ 662       N/A     $ 193       N/A  
Prior service cost
  $ 22       N/A     $ (22 )     N/A  
Weighted-average assumptions
                               
Discount rate
                               
Components of cost
    5.50 %     6.00 %     5.50 %     6.00 %
Benefit obligations
    5.75 %     5.50 %     5.75 %     5.50 %
Expected return on plan assets
    8.00 %     8.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Rate of compensation increase
    4.00 %     4.00 %     4.00 %     4.00 %

 
Postretirement Benefits
 
Arbitron provides health care benefits for eligible retired employees who participate in the pension plan and were hired before January 1, 1992. These postretirement benefits are provided by several health care plans in the United States for both pre-age 65 retirees and certain grandfathered post-age 65 retirees. Employer contributions to

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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

these plans differ for various groups of retirees and future retirees. Employees hired before January 1, 1992 and retiring after that date may enroll in plans for which a company subsidy is provided through age 64.
 
The Company’s discount rate on its actuarially determined benefit obligations is 5.75% as of September 30, 2006, the measurement date for the Company’s latest valuation. The discount rate was determined using Moody’s AA Corporate bond yields, which closely approximated the duration of the Company’s benefit obligation.
 
The Company’s postretirement benefit liability was $1.5 million and $0.8 million, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company’s postretirement benefit expense was $0.2 million, $0.1 million, and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The plan is unfunded.
 
Arbitron expects to make $0.1 million in contributions in 2007. The expected benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
 
         
2007
  $ 82  
2008
    97  
2009
    114  
2010
    128  
2011
    141  
2012-2016
    807  
         
    $ 1,369  
         
 
The components of net periodic cost for 2006, 2005, and 2004 are as follows (in thousands):
 
                         
Net Periodic Cost
  2006     2005     2004  
 
Service cost of benefits
  $ 36     $ 36     $ 31  
Interest cost
    83       73       63  
Expected return on plan assets
                 
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    47       32       23  
Amortization of prior service cost
                 
                         
Total
  $ 166     $ 141     $ 117  
                         


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

The accompanying table presents the balances of and changes in the aggregate benefit obligation as of the measurement dates of September 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands):
 
                 
    Postretirement Plan
 
    September 30,  
    2006     2005  
 
Change in benefit obligation during the period
               
At beginning of period
  $ 1,159     $ 1,338  
Service cost
    36       36  
Interest cost
    83       73  
Plan participants’ contributions
    28       13  
Actuarial loss (gain)
    349       (253 )
Benefits paid
    (120 )     (48 )
                 
At end of period
  $ 1,535     $ 1,159  
                 
Change in fair value of plan assets
               
At beginning of period
  $     $  
Actual return on plan assets
           
Employer contribution
    92       35  
Plan participants’ contributions
    28       13  
Benefits paid
    (120 )     (48 )
                 
At end of period
  $     $  
                 
Funded status
  $ (1,535 )   $ (1,159 )
Contributions between measurement date and year end
    13       N/A  
                 
Net postretirement liability at fiscal year end
  $ (1,522 )     N/A  
                 
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
               
Unrecognized net actuarial loss
    634       N/A  
Unrecognized prior service cost
          N/A  
Unrecognized transition obligation
          N/A  
Estimated amounts of accumulated other comprehensive to be recognized as net periodic cost during 2007
               
Net actuarial loss
  $ 46       N/A  
Prior service cost
  $       N/A  
Weighted-average assumptions
               
Discount rate
               
Components of cost
    5.50 %     6.00 %
Benefit obligations
    5.75 %     5.50 %
Expected return on plan assets
           
Rate of compensation increase
    4.00 %     4.00 %
 
The assumed health care cost trend rate used in measuring the postretirement benefit obligation was 9.15% for pre-age 65 and post-age 65 in 2006, with pre-age and post-age 65 rates declining to an ultimate rate of 5.75% in 2011. A 1% change in this rate would change the benefit obligation by approximately $0.1 million and the aggregate service and interest cost by less than $0.1 million.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
401(k) Plan
 
Arbitron employees may also participate in a defined contribution plan that is sponsored by the Company. The plan generally provides for employee salary deferral contributions of up to 17% of eligible employee compensation. Under the terms of the plan, Arbitron contributes a matching contribution of 50% up to a maximum of 3% to 6% of eligible employee compensation. The employer may also make an additional discretionary matching contribution of up to 30% up to a maximum of 3% to 6% of eligible employee compensation. The 3% maximums referred to in the previous sentences relate to employees who are pension participants and the 6% maximums relate to employees who are not pension participants. Arbitron’s costs with respect to its contributions to the defined contribution plan were $2.4 million, $2.0 million and $1.9 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
15.   Share-Based Compensation
 
The following table sets forth information with regard to the financial statement impact of adopting SFAS No. 123R, effective January 1, 2006 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):
 
         
    Year Ended
 
    December 31, 2006  
 
Cost of revenue
  $ 567  
Selling, general and administrative
    5,244  
Research and development
    392  
         
Operating income (loss)
    (6,203 )
         
Income (loss) before income tax expense
    (6,203 )
         
Net income (loss)
  $ (3,885 )
         
Basic earnings per weighted-average common share
  $ (0.13 )
Diluted earnings per weighted-average common share
  $ (0.13 )
Net cash used by operating activities
  $ (1,875 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
  $ 1,875  
 
The share-based compensation expense charged against operating income for the Company’s share-based compensation plans was approximately $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, consisting of $5.6 million, $0.5 million, and $0.4 million, for selling, general and administrative expense, cost of revenue, and research and development, respectively. The share-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006, included $0.3 million of expense related to deferred stock units granted to nonemployee directors, which were historically required to be expensed prior to the implementation of SFAS No. 123R. Share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 was $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
 
The total income tax benefit recognized in the income statement for share-based compensation arrangements was $2.5 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. There was no capitalized share-based compensation cost incurred during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004.
 
The Company has two active stock incentive plans (“SIPs”) from which awards of stock options, nonvested share awards and performance unit awards are granted to eligible participants: the 1999 SIP, a stockholder-approved plan, and the 2001 SIP, a non-stockholder-approved plan. The Company’s 1999 and 2001 SIPs permit the grants of share-based awards, including stock options and nonvested share awards, for up to 5,204,009 shares of common stock. The Company believes that such awards align the interests of its employees with those of its shareholders. Eligible participants in the 1999 and 2001 SIPs include all employees of the Company and any nonemployee director, consultant and independent contractor of the Company. The Company’s policy for issuing shares upon


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

option exercise or conversion of its nonvested share awards and deferred stock units is to issue new shares of common stock, unless treasury stock is available at the time of exercise or conversion. As of December 31, 2006, shares available for grant were 389,341 and 76,437 under the 1999 and 2001 SIPs, respectively.
 
As of December 31, 2006, 175,545 of the outstanding stock options were originally granted under two of the Company’s inactive SIPs, the 1993 and 1996 SIPs, both stockholder-approved plans. No shares are available for grant under these inactive plans.
 
In some cases, the vesting of share-based awards is accelerated due to an employee’s retirement. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the amount disclosed for the Company’s pro forma compensation expense did not include an acceleration of expense recognition for retirement eligible employees. For share-based arrangements granted subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company accelerates expense recognition if retirement eligibility affects the vesting of the award. If the accelerated pro forma expense recognition had occurred prior to January 1, 2006, the share-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006, would have been lower by $1.1 million.
 
Stock Options
 
Stock options awarded to employees under the 1999 and 2001 SIPs generally vest annually over a three-year period, have five-year or 10-year terms and have an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. Stock options granted to directors under the 1999 SIP generally vest upon the date of grant, are generally exercisable in six months after the date of grant, have 10-year terms and have an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. Certain option and share awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control of the Company (as defined in the SIPs).
 
The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination in order to determine the expected term of the option; identified groups of optionholders that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that such options are expected to be outstanding. The expected term can vary for certain groups of optionholders exhibiting different behavior. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury strip bond yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock.
 
The fair value of each option granted during the year ended December 31, 2006 was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option valuation model that used the assumptions noted in the following table:
 
     
    2006
 
Expected volatility
  26.59 - 27.35%
Expected dividends
  1.00%
Expected term (in years)
  5.25 - 6.25
Risk-free rate
  4.35 - 5.01%
Weighted-average volatility
  27.32
Weighted-average term (in years)
  5.74
Weighted-average risk-free rate
  4.70
Weighted-average grant date fair value
  $12.55


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

A summary of option activity under the SIPs as of December 31, 2006, and changes during the year then ended, is presented below:
 
                                 
                Weighted-
       
                Average
       
          Weighted-
    Remaining
    Aggregate
 
          Average
    Contractual
    Intrinsic Value
 
Options
  Shares     Exercise Price     Term (Years)     ($000)  
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2006
    2,416,733     $ 34.97                  
Granted
    308,613       39.60                  
Exercised
    (583,688 )     31.15                  
Forfeited or expired
    (39,062 )     31.70                  
                                 
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
    2,102,596     $ 36.75       6.19     $ 14,034  
                                 
Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006
    2,095,990     $ 36.76       6.19     $ 14,020  
                                 
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
    1,455,609     $ 35.38       5.17     $ 11,735  
                                 
 
As of December 31, 2006, there was $3.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to options granted under the SIPs. This aggregate cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $5.4 million, $15.6 million, and $14.4 million, respectively. Cash received from option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $18.2 million, $25.5 million, and $20.4 million, respectively. The tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from option exercises totaled $2.0 million, $6.0 million, and $5.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
 
Nonvested Share Awards
 
A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested share awards as of December 31, 2006, and changes during the year ended December 31, 2006, is presented below:
 
                 
          Weighted-Average
 
          Grant-Date Fair
 
Nonvested Share Awards
  Shares     Value  
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2006
    14,250     $ 40.90  
Granted
    89,482       38.59  
Vested
    (15,958 )     39.13  
Forfeited
           
                 
Nonvested at December 31, 2006
    87,774     $ 38.87  
                 
Expected to vest at December 31, 2006
    87,774     $ 38.87  
                 
 
The Company’s nonvested share awards generally vest over four or five years on either a monthly or annual basis. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis using the market price on the date of grant as the awards vest. As of December 31, 2006, there was $3.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the SIPs. This aggregate cost of nonvested share awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years. The total fair value of share awards vested during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $0.6 million, less than $0.1 million, and $0, respectively.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
Deferred Stock Units
 
A summary of the status of the Company’s deferred stock units as of December 31, 2006, and changes during the year ended December 31, 2006, is presented below:
 
                 
          Weighted-Average
 
          Grant-Date Fair
 
Nonvested Deferred Stock Units
  Shares     Value  
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2006
           
Granted
    25,450       38.58  
Vested
    (7,264 )     37.83  
Forfeited
           
                 
Nonvested at December 31, 2006
    18,186     $ 38.88  
                 
Vested at December 31, 2006
    19,349     $ 39.12  
                 
Expected to vest at December 31, 2006
    18,186     $ 38.88  
                 
 
As of December 31, 2006, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to deferred stock units granted under the SIPs was $0.7 million and such cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.5 years. Deferred stock units granted to employees vest annually over a three-year period and are convertible to shares of common stock, subsequent to their termination of employment. Deferred stock units granted to nonemployee directors vest immediately upon grant, are convertible to shares of common stock subsequent to their termination of service as a director, and are issued at the fair market value of the Company’s stock upon the date of grant. The total fair value of deferred stock units granted to directors and vested during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.2 million, respectively.
 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
 
The Company’s compensatory Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) provides for the issuance of up to 600,000 shares of newly issued or treasury common stock of Arbitron. The purchase price of the stock to ESPP participants is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value on either the first day or the last day of the applicable three-month offering period. The total amount of compensation expense recognized for ESPP share-based arrangements was $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The number of ESPP shares issued during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, was 39,597, 34,197, and 29,656 shares, respectively.
 
16.   Significant Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk
 
Arbitron’s quantitative radio audience measurement service and related software sales accounted for approximately 86% of its revenue in 2006, the largest portion of which is provided to radio broadcasters. Arbitron has one customer that individually represents 19% of its revenue for 2006 and 2005. For the year 2004, Arbitron had two customers that individually represented 10% or more of its revenue. Those customers represented 21% and 10% of the Company’s revenue for 2004. Although the industry consolidation has led to a concentration of Arbitron’s customer base, the Company believes that the consolidating enterprises are well-financed, publicly held companies with whom it has good relationships. Arbitron routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and has experienced only nominal losses on its trade accounts receivable.
 
17.   Financial Instruments
 
Fair values of short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate carrying values due to their short-term nature. Due to the Company using $50.0 million of its available cash and short-term investments to prepay its senior-secured-notes on October 18, 2006, both the fair value and carrying amount of this


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

obligation was $0 as of December 31, 2006. Under the original terms of the note agreement, the notes carried a fixed interest rate of 9.96% and a maturity date of January 31, 2008. The carrying amount and fair value of the senior-secured-notes as of December 31, 2005 was $50.0 million and $51.8 million, respectively. The fair value was estimated using a cash flow valuation model and available market data for securities with similar maturity dates.
 
18.   Stock Repurchases
 
On January 24, 2006, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $70.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices through December 31, 2006. As of June 29, 2006, the Company completed the program by repurchasing 1,991,944 shares for an aggregate purchase price of $70.0 million.
 
On November 16, 2006, Arbitron announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $100.0 million of its outstanding common stock through either periodic open-market or private transactions at then-prevailing market prices over a period of two years through November 2008. As of December 31, 2006, no shares were repurchased under this program.
 
19.   Enterprise-Wide Information
 
The following table sets forth the revenues for each group of services provided to our external customers for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 (in thousands):
 
                         
    For the Year Ended December 31,  
    2006     2005     2004  
 
Service Revenues
                       
Radio audience measurement services
  $ 253,042     $ 237,176     $ 226,363  
Local market consumer information services
    43,181       40,240       42,549  
Software applications
    33,027       32,539       27,641  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 329,250     $ 309,955     $ 296,553  
                         
 
The following table sets forth geographic information for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 (in thousands):
 
                         
For the Year Ended December 31,
  United States     International(1)     Total  
 
2006
                       
Revenues
  $ 315,208     $ 14,042     $ 329,250  
2005
                       
Revenues
  $ 297,887     $ 12,068     $ 309,955  
2004
                       
Revenues
  $ 284,117     $ 12,436     $ 296,553  
 
 
(1) The revenues of the individual countries comprising these amounts are not significant to require separate disclosure.


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ARBITRON INC.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 
20.  Quarterly Information (Unaudited) (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended  
    March 31     June 30     September 30     December 31  
 
2006
                               
Revenue
  $ 85,088     $ 74,165     $ 90,714     $ 79,283  
Gross profit
    60,833       37,481       63,939       37,295  
Net income
  $ 18,186     $ 7,360     $ 20,190     $ 4,922  
Net income per weighted average common share
                               
Basic
  $ 0.59     $ 0.25     $ 0.69     $ 0.17  
Diluted
  $ 0.58     $ 0.24     $ 0.69     $ 0.17  
Dividends per common share
  $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10  
                                 
2005
                               
Revenue
  $ 79,195     $ 69,816     $ 85,615     $ 75,329  
Gross profit
    58,778       39,947       59,770       40,960  
Net income
  $ 19,836     $ 15,395     $ 20,901     $ 11,176  
Net income per weighted average common share
                               
Basic
  $ 0.64     $ 0.49     $ 0.67     $ 0.36  
Diluted
  $ 0.63     $ 0.48     $ 0.66     $ 0.36  
Dividends per common share
  $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10     $ 0.10  
 
Net income per share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of the quarterly net income per share will not necessarily equal the total for the year.


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Arbitron Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
For the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
(In thousands)
 
                         
    2006     2005     2004  
 
Allowance for doubtful trade accounts receivable:
                       
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 1,165     $ 1,124     $ 1,081  
Additions charged to expenses
    890       426       305  
Write-offs net of recoveries
    (636 )     (385 )     (262 )
                         
Balance at end of year
  $ 1,419     $ 1,165     $ 1,124  
                         


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ITEM 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 
There have been no changes in, or disagreements with, accountants on accounting and financial disclosure.
 
ITEM 9A.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2006. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2006, the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
Arbitron’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework.” Based upon that assessment, our management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2006, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on these criteria. Our independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, has issued an audit report on our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting, which report is included herein.
 
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
During the quarter ended June 30, 2006, the Company began using a new accounts receivable system to manage its records of billing and collections activity. The related revenue recognition application was implemented for certain customer categories in September and November 2006. In conjunction with this implementation, the Company’s management evaluated the effectiveness of the design of internal controls over financial reporting for this system. There have been no other changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the annual period ended December 31, 2006, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
None noted.
 
PART III
 
ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 
Information related to directors, nominees for directorships, and executive officers required by this Item is included in the sections entitled “Election of Directors” and “Executive Compensation and Other Information” of the definitive proxy statement for the Annual Stockholders Meeting to be held in 2007 (the “proxy statement”), which is incorporated herein by reference and will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of Arbitron’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.


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Information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 required by this item is included in the section entitled “Other Matters — Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Arbitron has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Financial Managers (“Code of Ethics”), which applies to the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer and all managers in the financial organization of Arbitron. The Code of Ethics is available on Arbitron’s Web site at www.arbitron.com. The Company intends to disclose any amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of its Code of Ethics on its Web site within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver.
 
Information regarding the Company’s Nominating Committee and Audit Committee required by this Item is included in the section entitled “Election of Directors” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
Information required by this item is included in the sections entitled “Election of Directors — Director Compensation”, “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, and “Executive Compensation and Other Information” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
ITEM 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 
Information required by this item regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners, directors, nominees for directorship and executive officers is included in the section entitled “Stock Ownership Information” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
The following table summarizes the equity compensation plans under which Arbitron’s common stock may be issued as of December 31, 2006.
 
                         
                Number of
 
                securities
 
    Number of
    Weighted-
    remaining available
 
    securities to be
    average exercise
    for future issuance
 
    issued upon
    price of
    under equity
 
    exercise of
    outstanding
    compensation
 
    outstanding
    options,
    plans (excluding
 
    options, warrants
    warrants and
    securities reflected
 
    and rights
    rights
    in column (a))
 
Plan Category
  (a)     (b)     (c)  
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    2,035,220     $ 36.80       389,341  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
    192,686     $ 37.82       76,437  
                         
Totals
    2,227,906     $ 36.89       465,778  
                         
 
ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
 
Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions required by this Item is included in the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Under the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange, and pursuant to our corporate governance policies and guidelines, we are required to have a majority of “independent” directors and a nominating/corporate governance committee, compensation committee and audit committee, each composed solely of independent directors. In determining director independence, the Board broadly considers all relevant facts and circumstances, including the rules of the New York Stock Exchange. The Board considers the issue not merely from the standpoint of a director, but also from that of persons or organizations with which the director has an affiliation. An independent director is free of any relationship with Arbitron or its management that may impair the director’s ability to make independent judgments.


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The Board of Directors has evaluated the status of each director and affirmatively determined that Ms. Archambeau and Messrs. Guarascio, Kittelberger, Nogales, Perlman and Post are independent. Mr. Morris is not independent because he is an employee of the Company and Mr. Aldworth is not independent because his son is employed by the Company’s registered public accounting firm. Each current member of the Compensation Committee, the Nominating Committee, and the Audit Committee is independent. Ms. Farber served on Board of Directors and its Compensation and Human Resources Committee and Nominating Committee during 2006 prior to her resignation from the Board of Directors in July. Prior to her resignation, the Board had affirmatively determined that Ms. Farber was independent.
 
Information regarding the independence of any nominees for directorships is included in the section entitled “Election of Directors” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
ITEM 14.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
 
Information required by this item is included in the section entitled “Independent Auditors and Audit Fees” of the proxy statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
PART IV
 
ITEM 15.   EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
 
(a) Documents filed as part of this report
 
(1) Financial Statements: The following financial statements, together with the report thereon of independent auditors, are included in this Report:
 
  •  Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Reports
 
  •  Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005
 
  •  Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
  •  Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
  •  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
  •  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(2) Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
 
(3) Exhibits:
 
         
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
  3 .1   Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 4.01 to Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-54379) and incorporated herein by reference).
  3 .2   Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 3 to Ceridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference).
  3 .3   Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 3.01 to Ceridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference).
  3 .4   Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 3.4 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).
  3 .5   First Amended and Restated Bylaws of Arbitron Inc., effective as of August 29, 2002 (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).
  4 .1   Specimen of Common Stock Certificate (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).


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Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
  4 .2   Rights Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2002, between Arbitron and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent, which includes the form of Certificate of Designation of the Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock as Exhibit A, the Summary of Rights to Purchase Series B Junior Participating Preferred Shares as Exhibit B and the Form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit C (Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Arbitron’s Form 8-K, filed November 21, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).
  4 .3   Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2007, between Arbitron and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent.
  10 .1   Distribution Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2001, between Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) and Ceridian Corporation (formerly known as New Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to New Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form 10 (SEC File No. 001-16149) and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .2   Personnel Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2001, between Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) and Ceridian Corporation (formerly known as New Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to New Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form 10 (SEC File No. 001-16149) and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .3   Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2001, between Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) and Ceridian Corporation (formerly known as New Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to New Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form 10 (SEC File No. 001-16149) and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .4   Transition Services Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2001, between Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) and Ceridian Corporation (formerly known as New Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to New Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form 10 (SEC File No. 001-16149) and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .5   Sublease Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2001, between Arbitron Inc. (formerly known as Ceridian Corporation) and Ceridian Corporation (formerly known as New Ceridian Corporation) (Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to New Ceridian’s Registration Statement on Form 10 (SEC File No. 001-16149) and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .6   Note Purchase Agreement, January 31, 2001, by and among Arbitron Inc. and the Note Holders referred to therein (Filed as Exhibit 10.7 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .7   First Amendment to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2001 (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference),
  10 .8   Second Amendment to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2002 (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .9   Third Amendment to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2005 (Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 16, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .10   Secured Subordinated Promissory Notes maturing January 31, 2008 of Arbitron Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .11   Subsidiary Guaranty, dated as of January 31, 2001, of Arbitron Holdings Inc. in favor of the Lenders referred to therein, the Swap Provider referred to therein and the Note Holders referred to therein (Filed as Exhibit 10.9 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference)
  10 .12   Arbitron Executive Investment Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .13   Arbitron Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .14   Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 23, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).*

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Table of Contents

         
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
  10 .15   Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Annual Non-Employee Director Stock Option Grants (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 23, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .16   Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Initial Non-Employee Director Stock Option Grants (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 23, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .17   Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement in Lieu of Fees Grants (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 23, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .18   Amended and Restated Arbitron Inc. Director Deferred Compensation Procedures. (Filed as Exhibit 10.18 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference)*
  10 .19   Form of Deferred Stock Unit Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (Non-Employee Director Post-2005 Stock-for-Fees Deferred Stock Unit). (Filed as Exhibit 10.19 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference)*
  10 .20   Arbitron Inc. Benefit Equalization Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.20 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .21   Arbitron Inc. 2001 Broad Based Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .22   Executive Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2001, by and between Arbitron Inc. and Stephen B. Morris (Filed as Exhibit 10.15 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .23   Amendment No. 1 to the Executive Employment Agreement between Arbitron Inc. and Stephen B. Morris (Filed as Exhibit 10.18 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .24   Amendment No. 2 to the Executive Employment Agreement between Arbitron Inc. and Stephen B. Morris (Filed as Exhibit 10.19 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .25   Form of Executive Retention Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.20 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .26   Customer Contract, dated as of December 27, 2004, by and between Arbitron Inc. and Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.26 to Arbitron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .27   1999 Stock Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 22, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .28   CEO Deferral Election Form for Restricted Stock (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated March 28, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .29   CEO Deferred Stock Unit Agreement, entered into and effective as of March 31, 2006, by and between the Company and Stephen B. Morris. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated March 28, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .30   Form of Executive Retention Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 5, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .31   Amendment No. 3 to the Executive Employment Agreement between Arbitron Inc. and Stephen B. Morris (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 3, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).*
  10 .32   Credit Agreement dated as of December 20, 2006 by and among Arbitron Inc., and the Note Holders referred to therein (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 20, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .33   Amended and Restated Director Compensation Schedule (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.)

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Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
  10 .34   Radio Station License Agreement to Receive and Use Arbitron PPM Data and Estimates, effective May 18, 2006, by and between the Company and CBS Radio Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .35   Master Station License Agreement to Receive and Use Arbitron Radio Audience Estimates, effective May 18, 2006, by and between the Company and CBS Radio Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Arbitron’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .36   LLC Agreement for Project Apollo between Nielsen Media Research, Inc., a subsidiary of The Nielsen Company and Arbitron Inc.**
  21     Subsidiaries of Arbitron Inc.
  23     Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  24     Power of Attorney.
  31 .1   Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  31 .2   Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32 .1   Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit.
** A request for confidential treatment has been submitted with respect to this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the request for confidential treatment.
 
(b) Exhibits
 
See (a)(3), above.
 
(c) Financial Statement Schedules
 
See (a)(2), above.

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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we have duly caused this report to be signed on behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
ARBITRON INC.
 
  By: 
/s/  Stephen B. Morris
Stephen B. Morris
Chief Executive Officer and President
 
Date: February 27, 2007
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
             
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
 
/s/  Stephen B. Morris

Stephen B. Morris
  Chief Executive Officer, President and Director (Principal Executive Officer)   February 27, 2007
         
/s/  Sean R. Creamer

Sean R. Creamer
  Executive Vice President of Finance and Planning and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)   February 27, 2007
         
*

Alan W. Aldworth
  Director    
         
*

Shellye L. Archambeau
  Director    
         
*

Philip Guarascio
  Director    
         
*

Larry E. Kittelberger
  Director    
         
*

Luis B. Nogales
  Director    
         
*

Lawrence Perlman
  Director    
         
*

Richard A. Post
  Director    
             
*By:  
/s/  Timothy T. Smith

Timothy T. Smith
Attorney-in-Fact
      February 27, 2007


85

EX-4.3 2 w30393exv4w3.htm EX-4.3 exv4w3
 

Exhibit 4.3
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
RIGHTS AGREEMENT
     THIS AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Amendment No. 1”) is entered into as of January 31, 2007 between ARBITRON INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK, a New York banking corporation (the “Rights Agent”).
     WHEREAS, the Company and the Rights Agent previously entered into the Rights Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2002 (the “Rights Agreement”);
     WHEREAS, in accordance with Section 27 of the Rights Agreement, the Company desires to amend the Rights Agreement on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth;
     WHEREAS, this Amendment No. 1 is in compliance with the terms of Section 27 of the Rights Agreement; and
     WHEREAS, for purposes of this Amendment No. 1, initially capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Rights Agreement, as amended by this Amendment No. 1.
     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:
     1. Certain Definitions. Section 1(a) of the Rights Agreement is amended by deleting the text and replacing it in its entirety with the following:
(a) “Acquiring Person” shall mean any Person (as such term is hereinafter defined) who or which, together with all Affiliates and Associates (as such terms are hereinafter defined) of such Person, shall be the Beneficial Owner (as such term is hereinafter defined) of 15% or more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding, but shall not include (i) the Company, (ii) any Subsidiary of the Company, or (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, or any Person holding shares of Common Stock for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan to the extent, and only to the extent, of such shares so held, provided, however, that the term “Acquiring Person” shall not include the surviving entity to be formed upon the consummation of the merger of Neuberger Berman Inc. and H.A. Schupf & Co., LLC (pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between Neuberger Berman Inc. and H.A. Schupf &

 


 

Co., LLC, dated as of November 20, 2006), or any Affiliate or Associate of such surviving entity (together with its Affiliates and Associates, the “Exempted Person”), but only so long as (x) the Exempted Person is the Beneficial Owner of less than 20.99% of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding, and (y) the Exempted Person reports, or is permitted to report, such Beneficial Ownership on Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report) (and the Exempted Person certifies in each such Schedule 13G that such Beneficial Ownership is not with a purpose or effect of changing or influencing control of the Company, nor in connection with or as a participant in any transaction having such purpose or effect) or on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report), which Schedule 13D does not state any present intention to (or reserve the right to) hold such shares of Common Stock with the purpose or effect of changing or influencing the control of the Company, nor in connection with or as a participant in any transaction having such purpose or effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Person shall become an “Acquiring Person” as the result of an acquisition by the Company of Common Stock of the Company which, by reducing the number of shares outstanding, increases the proportionate number of shares beneficially owned by such Person to 15% or more (or in the case of the Exempted Person, 20.99% or more) of the shares of Common Stock of the Company then outstanding; provided, however, that if a Person shall become the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more (or in the case of the Exempted Person, 20.99% or more) of the shares of Common Stock of the Company then outstanding by reason of share purchases by the Company and shall, after such share purchases by the Company, become the Beneficial Owner of any additional shares (other than pursuant to a stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction) of Common Stock of the Company and immediately thereafter be the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more (or in the case of the Exempted Person, 20.99% or more) of the shares of Common Stock of the Company then outstanding, then such Person shall be deemed to be an “Acquiring Person.”
In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith that a Person who would otherwise be an “Acquiring Person”, as defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a), has become such inadvertently, and such Person divests as promptly as practicable a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock so that such Person would no longer be an “Acquiring Person”, then such Person shall not be deemed an “Acquiring Person” for any purposes of this Agreement unless and until such Person shall again become an “Acquiring Person”.

 


 

     2. Benefits. Nothing in the Rights Agreement, as amended by this Amendment No. 1, shall be construed to give any Person other than the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the Common Stock) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under the Rights Agreement, as amended by this Amendment No. 1; but the Rights Agreement, as amended by this Amendment No. 1, shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, registered holders of Common Stock).
     3. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Amendment No. 1 is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Amendment No. 1 shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated.
     4. Descriptive Headings. Descriptive headings of the several Sections of this Amendment No. 1 are inserted for convenience only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof.
     5. Governing Law. This Amendment No. 1 shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of Delaware and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such State; provided, however, that the rights and obligations of the Rights Agent shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
     6. Counterparts. This Amendment No. 1 may be executed in any number of counterparts. It shall not be necessary that the signature of or on behalf of each party appears on each counterpart, but it shall be sufficient that the signature of or on behalf of each party appears on one or more of the counterparts. All counterparts shall collectively constitute a single a single agreement.
     7. Effect of Amendment. Except as expressly modified by this Amendment No. 1, the Amended Rights Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

 


 

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment No. 1 to be duly executed and attested, as of the day and year first above written.
                     
Attest:       ARBITRON INC.  
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Sean P. Mulcahy       By:   /s/ Timothy T. Smith    
 
                   
 
  Sean P. Mulcahy           Timothy T. Smith    
 
              Executive Vice President, Legal    
 
              and Business Affairs, Chief    
 
              Legal Officer and Secretary    
 
                   
Attest:       THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent
 
                   
By:
  /s/ Margaret B. Lloyd       By:   /s/ Eon A. Canzius    
 
                   
 
  Name: Margaret B. Lloyd           Name: Eon A. Canzius    
 
  Title:     AVP           Title: Vice President    

EX-10.36 3 w30393exv10w36.htm EX-10.36 exv10w36
 

Exhibit 10.36
Portions of this exhibit have been omitted and filed separately pursuant to an application for confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Omissions are designated as [*****].
 
 
 
LLC AGREEMENT
OF
PROJECT APOLLO LLC
DATED FEBRUARY 1, 2007
 
 

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
                 
            Page  
 
               
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS     1  
 
               
ARTICLE II BUSINESS PURPOSE AND ACTIVITIES     8  
 
  2.01.   Place of Business     8  
 
  2.02.   Conduct and Nature of Business; Prohibited Activities     8  
 
  2.03.   Marketing Rights; Rights to Company Data     9  
 
  2.04.   Rights to the Data and Improvements     9  
 
               
ARTICLE III FORMATION AND TERM     10  
 
  3.01.   Formation     10  
 
  3.02.   Members’ Interests     10  
 
  3.03.   Name     10  
 
  3.04.   Term     10  
 
  3.05.   Registered Agent and Office     10  
 
  3.06.   Principal Place of Business     11  
 
  3.07.   Qualification in Other Jurisdictions     11  
 
  3.08.   Reliance by Third-Party Creditors     11  
 
  3.09.   Title to Assets     11  
 
  3.10.   Payment of Individual Obligations     11  
 
               
ARTICLE IV MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY     11  
 
  4.01.   Members’ Committee     11  
 
  4.02.   Management of the Company     13  
 
  4.03.   Prior Approval     13  
 
               
ARTICLE V RELATED AGREEMENTS & ANCILLARY LICENSING     16  
 
  5.01.   ACNielsen Exclusive Vendor Services Agreement     16  
 
  5.02.   Access to Properties and Records     16  
 
  5.03.   Transitional Services; Real Estate Arrangements     17  
 
  5.04.   Further Assurances     17  
 
  5.05.   Authorized Action     17  
 
  5.06.   Business Services Agreement     17  
 
               
ARTICLE VI FUNDING, ALLOCATIONS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND CAPITAL ACCOUNTS     17  
 
  6.01.   Funding Obligations     17  
 
  6.02.   Third-Party Financing     17  
 
  6.03.   Cash Contributions and Distributions     17  
 
  6.04.   Fiscal Year     18  
 
  6.05.   Allocations and Distributions Between Members     19  
 
  6.06.   Member’s Failure to Meet Funding Obligations After Pilot Period     19  
 
  6.07.   Capital Accounts     20  
 
  6.08.   Accounting Procedures     20  
 
  6.09.   Principal Tax Matters     21  
 
  6.10.   Organizational Expenses     22  
 
  6.11.   Withholding     22  

i


 

                     
 
              Page    
 
 
    6.12.     Classification     23  
 
                   
ARTICLE VII BUDGETS AND BUSINESS PLANS     23  
 
    7.01.     Business Plans and Budgets     23  
 
    7.02.     Approval by the Members’ Committee     24  
 
    7.03.     Default Budget     24  
 
    7.04.     Default Business Plan     24  
 
                   
ARTICLE VIII CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, AND COVENANTS     24  
 
    8.01.     Authorization     24  
 
    8.02.     Absence of Conflict     25  
 
    8.03.     Certain Covenants     25  
 
                   
ARTICLE IX TRANSFERABILITY OF INTEREST     28  
 
    9.01.     Restricted Transfer of the Company Interest     28  
 
                   
ARTICLE X DISSOLUTION; BUY/SELL OPTION     29  
 
    10.01.     Dissolution; Initiation of Buy/Sell Option     29  
 
    10.02.     Buy/Sell Option Procedure     29  
 
    10.03.     Buy/Sell Closing     31  
 
    10.04.     Dissolution Option.     31  
 
    10.05.     Judicial Dissolution     33  
 
                   
ARTICLE XI FORCE MAJEURE     33  
 
                   
ARTICLE XII LIABILITY, EXCULPATION, INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE     34  
 
    12.01.     Liability     34  
 
    12.02.     Duties and Liabilities of Covered Person; Exculpation     34  
 
    12.03.     Indemnification     34  
 
    12.04.     Advancement of Expenses     35  
 
    12.05.     Notice of Proceedings     35  
 
    12.06.     Insurance     36  
 
                   
ARTICLE XIII GENERAL PROVISIONS     36  
 
    13.01.     No Publicity or Advertisement Without Prior Consultation     36  
 
    13.02.     Severability     36  
 
    13.03.     Article and Section Headings, Schedules and Exhibits     36  
 
    13.04.     Counterparts     36  
 
    13.05.     Gender and Number     36  
 
    13.06.     Expenses     37  
 
    13.07.     Notices     37  
 
    13.08.     No Third Party Beneficiaries     38  
 
    13.09.     Governing Law; Arbitration     38  
 
    13.10.     Modifications, Amendments or Waivers     38  
 
    13.11.     Assignment, Successors and Assigns     38  
 
    13.12.     Remedies     38  
 
    13.13.     Status of Option Agreement     39  

ii


 

                     
 
              Page    
 
 
    13.14.     Joint Preparation     39  
 
    13.15.     Entire Agreement     39  
 
    13.16.     Further Assurances     39  

iii


 

          This LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT of Project Apollo LLC (the “Company”) is made and entered into as of February 1, 2007 by and between Nielsen Media Research, Inc. a subsidiary of The Nielsen Company (US), Inc. (formerly known as VNU, Inc.) (“TNC-NMR), a Delaware corporation, having offices at 770 Broadway, New York, New York 10036 and Arbitron Inc. (“Arbitron”), a Delaware corporation, with offices at 142 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019.
INTRODUCTION
          WHEREAS, TNC-NMR and Arbitron entered into the Option Agreement dated as of May 31, 2000, as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated February 21, 2003 (“Amendment No. 1” and, as amended by Amendment No. 1, the “Original Option Agreement”), and as amended by Amendment No. 2, dated as of September 27, 2004 (“Amendment No. 2”), and Agreement dated February 6, 2006.
          WHEREAS, TNC-NMR, The Nielsen Company (US), Inc. (“TNC”) and Arbitron have entered into an Apollo Cost-Sharing Agreement dated April 29, 2005, and TNC and Arbitron have signed a non-binding Term Sheet dated April 29, 2005, pursuant to which, inter alia, it is contemplated that they will proceed with negotiations to form a company for the purpose of implementing the commercial deployment in the United States of the New Product (as defined herein); and
          WHEREAS, TNC-NMR and Arbitron have agreed to such formation, subject to, and in accordance with, the terms and conditions herein set forth.
          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto represent, warrant, covenant and agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
          The following terms have the following meanings when used in this Agreement, unless the context expressly or by necessary implication otherwise requires:
          “ACNielsen” shall mean AC Nielsen (US), Inc. having offices at 770 Broadway, New York, NY 10036.
          “Agreement” shall mean this Limited Liability Company Agreement of Project Apollo LLC.
          “Affiliate” of a specified Person shall mean a Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Person specified. For purposes of this definition the term “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means directly or indirectly owning equity securities (or other ownership interests) representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of all the outstanding equity securities of such specified Person; provided, however, Net Ratings Inc., a Delaware corporation, shall not be considered an Affiliate of TNC-NMR for purposes of this Agreement.

1


 

          “Amendment No. 1” shall have the meaning described in the Introduction hereto.
          “Amendment No. 2” shall have the meaning described in the Introduction hereto.
          “Applicable Feeds” shall mean all feeds except the feeds listed on Schedule C attached hereto unless otherwise agreed in writing by the parties.
          “Apollo Activities” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.04(b) hereof.
          “Approved Budget” shall mean an annual budget, expressed in terms of net cash flow (including revenue, operating and capital cash flows) approved by the Members’ Committee in accordance with Sections 7.01 and 7.02 hereof.
          “Approved Business Plan” shall mean a five-year business plan approved by the Members’ Committee in accordance with Sections 7.01 and 7.02 hereof.
          “Arbitron” shall mean Arbitron Inc., having offices at 142 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019.
          “Assets” of a Person shall mean all of that Person’s properties and assets (real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible), unless otherwise specified.
          “Business” shall have the meaning described in Section 2.02 hereof.
          “Business Services Agreement” shall have the meaning described in Section 5.06 hereof.
          “Buy/Sell Closing” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.03 hereof.
          “Capital Account” of a Member shall mean that Member’s initial Capital Contribution plus the amount of any additional Capital Contributions made by such Member and each such Member’s share of the net profits of the Company less any distributions made to such Member and less any net losses of the Company charged to such Member.
          “Capital Contributions” means, with respect to any Member, the amount of money and the fair value as agreed among the Members of any property contributed by such Member in respect of Interests.
          “CBET” means Critical Band Encoding Technology including, but not limited to, as implemented by Arbitron through encoding algorithms, software, and hardware and/or as described and/or claimed in related Arbitron patents including, but not limited to, U.S. Patent No. 5,450,490 and related patents.
          “Certificate” means the Certificate of Formation of the Company and any and all amendments thereto and restatements thereof, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the Delaware Act.
          “Claims and Expenses” shall have the meaning described in Section 12.03 hereof.
          “Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

2


 

           “Collecting Party” shall have the meaning described in Section 8.03(d) hereof.
          “Combined Data” shall mean the combination of multimedia data with store/venue traffic information, product purchase information and/or Consumer Information.
          “Company” shall mean Project Apollo LLC, the Delaware limited liability company the Members form by entering into this Agreement.
          “Consumer Information” shall mean, collectively, consumer attitude and/or awareness and/or persuasion information relating to the potential or actual purchase or use of consumer products or services. It shall not mean information about media consumption (whether TV, radio, print, internet, outdoor or other media), nor the demographic information customarily collected from media panelists. It shall not mean information about consumer viewing of websites or other internet media content. It will mean consumer information data collected through internet-based customer surveys.
          “Controlling Member” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.06(c) hereof.
          “Cost Sharing Agreement” shall mean the Apollo Cost Sharing Agreement among TNC, TNC-NMR and Arbitron dated April 29, 2005, as amended.
          “Covered Person” means: (a) each Representative, the Tax Matters Member or a liquidating trustee, in each case in his or its capacity as such; (b) any Affiliate of each Representative, the Tax Matters Member or a liquidating trustee; and (c) any Person of which a Representative is an officer, director, shareholder, partner, member, employee, representative or agent.
          “Default Budget” shall have the meaning described in Section 7.03 hereof.
          “Delaware Act” shall mean the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. §18-101, et seq., as amended from time to time.
          “Disabling Conduct” means, in respect of any Person, an act or omission (a) taken or omitted to be taken in bad faith, (b) taken or omitted to be taken in a manner which such Person did not reasonably believe to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company, (c) in the case of a Member, that constitutes a material breach or violation of this Agreement, (d) that is a criminal act by such Person that such Person had no reasonable cause to believe was lawful or (e) that constitutes gross negligence or willful misconduct by such Person.
          “Execution Date” shall mean the date of this Agreement.
          “Encoder” shall mean an existing device, as developed by Arbitron, for encoding inaudible information in audio signals and any improvements thereto made by Arbitron.
          “Final Purchase Price” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02(c) hereof.

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           “Financial Statements” shall mean a balance sheet of the Company and related statements of operations and cash flows, as of the end of each month, quarter or year, as the case may be, and for the corresponding period then ended.
          “Force Majeure” shall mean any event or condition, not existing as of the Execution Date, not reasonably foreseeable as of such date and not reasonably within the control of either Member, which prevents, in whole or in material part, the performance by a Member of its obligations under this Agreement, other than an obligation on the part of a Member to make any payment hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following shall constitute events or conditions of Force Majeure: state or governmental action, riots, war, acts of terrorism, sabotage, strikes, lock-outs, prolonged shortage of energy or other supplies, fire, flood, hurricanes, earthquakes, lightning, and explosion.
          “[********] Review Period” shall have the meaning described in the definition of “Pilot Period”.
          ‘Four Network Milestone” shall mean all four major broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC) have all Applicable Feeds encoded, on-line, and inserting Encoder codes into the networks’ distributions chain.
          “Funding Obligations” shall mean the cash call, including losses and capital required to be provided by the Members pursuant to the provisions of Article VI hereof.
          “GAAP” shall mean U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
          “Homescan Panel” shall mean ACNielsen’s Homescan consumer panel designed to (i) monitor its members’ consumption of packaged goods, and (ii) provide an integration of attitude and usage information and, where applicable, online media behavior.
          “Indebtedness” shall mean (a) indebtedness for borrowed money, (b) obligations (as lessee or guarantor) to pay rent under a lease of real or personal property which is required by GAAP to be capitalized on a balance sheet of the Company prepared in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, (c) purchase money obligations, and (d) any extension, refinancing or modification of any of the foregoing.
          “Interest” means the limited liability company interest of a Member in the Company at any particular time, including the right of such Member to any and all benefits to which a Member may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Member to comply with all the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
          “Internet” shall mean an interconnected system of networks that connects computers, cell phones or other data-communication devices by means of a common communications protocol and includes without limitation the world wide web and “walled gardens” including without limitation those offered by AOL, mobile phone companies, and other data service providers. For purposes of this Agreement, the internet shall be deemed to be a single medium unless and until a major portion of television viewership or radio listenership occurs through it, which they agree is not the case today. The Members agree that they will negotiate in good faith to determine what constitutes a “major portion” in terms of viewership or

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listenership levels and the business impact on the New Product, as well as any necessary modifications to the Agreement as a result thereof.
          “Investment Banking Firm” shall mean an independent leading recognized investment banking firm hired in accordance with Section 10.02 hereof.
          “IRS” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.09(a) hereof.
          “Judicial Review” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.09(b)(i) hereof.
          “Law” means any statute, law, regulation, ordinance, rule, injunction, order, decree, directive or any similar form of decision of, or determination by, any governmental or self-regulatory authority.
          “Licensed Improvements” shall have the meaning set forth in the Business Services Agreement.
          “Local Market Activities” shall have the meaning described in Section 8.03(e) hereof.
          “Management” shall mean the President and other officers of the Company appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.02 hereof.
          “Market” shall mean a regional or local geographic market in the United States.
          “Members” means Arbitron and TNC-NMR and any other Person added as a member of the Company from time to time.
          “Members’ Committee” shall mean that Committee which is created according to the provisions of Section 4.01 hereof.
          “New Product” shall mean a product, and associated software (in executable form only) applications, which would utilize the integrated data collected from one or more Single-Source Marketing Panels within the United States that would be usable to measure the media return on investment to advertisers by collecting and integrating product Purchase Information, consumer attitude, awareness or persuasion information and/or store/venue traffic information with multimedia data using the PPM; but, subject to Section 2.02(b) hereof, specifically excluding and prohibiting the license or sale of (i) Homescan Product Purchase Information or PPM Data other than as such data are together integrated into the New Product, or (ii) individual radio, television or other individual data components of the New Product (such excluded activities collectively, the “Prohibited Product Actions”).
          “Noncontributing Member” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.06 hereof.
          “Original Option Agreement” shall have the meaning described in the Introduction hereto.
          “Other Member” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.06 hereof.

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           “Percentage Interest” shall mean a Member’s Interest in the Company expressed as a percentage of all Interests. The initial Percentage Interests shall be fifty percent (50%) for TNC-NMR and fifty percent (50%) for Arbitron.
          “Person” shall mean any natural person, firm, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust or similar organization or governmental body.
          “Pilot Period” shall mean a period commencing as of the Execution Date and continuing until the earlier of:
     (i) the date upon which Arbitron shall have (x) failed to meet either of the two following milestones within thirty (30) days of the relevant Milestone Date, and (y) within forty-five (45) days following such thirty (30) day period, Arbitron shall have given notice to TNC-NMR, or TNC-NMR shall have given notice to Arbitron, that Arbitron failed to meet any such milestone within such thirty (30) day period:
     a. Three Network Milestone by [********] (the “Three Network Milestone Date”); or
     b. Four Network Milestone by [********] (the “Four Network Milestone Date” and together with the Three Network Milestone Dates, the “Milestone Dates”); or
     (ii) the date on which the following requirements have been met:
     a. The 5,000 Panel (as defined in the Cost Sharing Agreement) has been fielded to collect data and that data is based on encoders representing the Four Network Milestone (“Fully Encoded Panel”); and
     b. [********] calendar months of Pilot data as per customer contracts based on the Fully Encoded Panel shall have been received by the Pilot Sponsors (the date of receipt of all such information by such Pilot Sponsors, the “[********] Data Date”); and
     c. [********] months shall have passed, since the [********] Data Date for the clients to review the data and consider participating in the commercial service (“[********] Review Period”).
          “Pilot Period Budget” shall mean the budget for the Pilot Period, expressed in terms of net cash flow (including revenue, operating and capital cash flows), annexed hereto as Schedule A.
          “Pilot Sponsors” shall mean all those clients who sign an agreement to contribute money, expertise or other resources to the Apollo Pilot in exchange for early access to data or more favorable terms for a possible commercial agreement.
          “Portable People Meter” or “PPM” shall mean an existing device, as developed by Arbitron, and Updates thereof and Licensed Improvements thereto provided by Arbitron for the Company’s use during the term of this Agreement, for detecting CBET encoded information

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in an acoustically reproduced audio signal, the device being carryable on the person of a panel member.
          “PPM Data” shall mean data collected by use of the PPM and licensed by Arbitron to the Company.
          “President” shall mean the president of the Company appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.02 hereof.
          “Primetime Viewership Shares” shall mean primetime viewership shares of national ad-supported networks (broadcast and cable) measured by Nielsen Media Research’s NTI (National Television Index) service for calendar year 2004.
          “Proposer” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02 hereof.
          “Proposer’s Notice” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02(b) hereof.
          “Proposer’s Purchase Price” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02(a) hereof.
          “Purchase Information” shall mean data relating to a consumer’s purchase of a product or service through any channel, including without limitation, retail, catalogue and internet. Such data shall include without limitation the description and quantity of what product or service is purchased, purchase price, means of payment, identity of purchaser and the time and place of purchase.
          “Recipient” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02 hereof.
          “Recipient’s Purchase Price” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02 hereof.
          “Related Agreements” shall have the meaning described in Section 8.01 hereof.
          “Representative” shall mean an individual appointed by a Member to the Members’ Committee.
          “Single-Source Marketing Panel” shall mean a single panel of consumers from which product Purchase Information, consumer attitude, awareness or persuasion information and/or/venue traffic information and multimedia data is both collected and marketed as a single panel. For purposes of this agreement, Single Source Marketing Panel will not mean data sets collected from the same panel but marketed as multiple and distinct data sets, where for example to share panel costs between two services, such data is collected from a single panel but separately defined, marketed and delivered.
          “Service Provider” shall have the meaning described in Section 8.03(b)(i) hereof.
          “Subsidiary” of a Person shall mean any corporation or other entity of which securities (or other ownership interests) having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the

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board of directors (or other persons performing similar functions) are at the time directly or indirectly owned by that Person.
          “Tax Audit” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.09(b)(i) hereof.
          “Tax Matters Member” shall have the meaning described in Section 6.09(a) hereof.
          “Territory” shall mean the United States and shall not include its territories, possessions or any other places under the jurisdiction thereof.
          “TNC-NMR” means Nielsen Media Research Inc, a subsidiary of The Nielsen Company (US), Inc., having offices at 770 Broadway, New York, New York 10036.
          “TNC” means The Nielsen Company (US), Inc., having offices at 770 Broadway, New York, New York.
          “Three Network Milestone” shall mean three of the four major broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC) have all Applicable Feeds encoded, on-line, and inserting Encoder codes into the networks’ distribution chain.
          “Treasury Regulations” shall mean the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
          “Updates” shall have the meaning set forth in the Business Services Agreement.
          “Valuation Report” shall have the meaning described in Section 10.02 hereof.
          “Vendor Services Agreement” shall have the meaning described in Section 5.01 hereof.
ARTICLE II
BUSINESS PURPOSE AND ACTIVITIES
          2.01. Place of Business
          The principal place of business of the Company shall be determined by the Members’ Committee. At any time, the Members’ Committee may change the location of the Company’s principal place of business to another location by mutual agreement.
          2.02 Conduct and Nature of Business; Prohibited Activities.
          (a) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Company business shall be conducted in an independent, profit-oriented manner, and shall be (and without the prior written consent of the Members’ Committee shall only be) to implement the commercial deployment in the Territory of the New Product (the “Business”).

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          (b) The Company shall not take any of the Prohibited Product Actions but clients of the Company shall not be prohibited from accessing respondent level data; provided, however, that the Company shall not promote such access.
          2.03. Marketing Rights; Rights to Company Data
          Marketing rights for the New Product data are hereby divided until the termination of this Agreement, dissolution/liquidation of the Company or the exercise by a Member of its right to purchase all the Interests of the other Member pursuant to Section 10.02 hereof as follows:
          (a) Arbitron shall have the exclusive right to market the Company’s New Product to radio stations and radio networks (including satellite radio and both analog and digital (internet) radio) and TNC-NMR shall have the exclusive right to market the Company’s New Product to television networks and television stations (including cable networks, MSOs, and satellite television DBSs). Each of Arbitron and TNC-NMR shall be entitled to retain twenty percent (20%) of its revenue derived from the license or sale of the New Product, and shall remit eighty percent (80%) thereof to the Company.
          (b) The Company shall own all rights to any New Product data. The Company shall have the exclusive right to offer to sell, rent, license or distribute such data to advertisers and advertising agencies and any other customers not reserved to Arbitron and TNC-NMR under paragraph (a) hereof. All profits and losses of the Company from the above activities will be shared between the Members in accordance with this Agreement.
          2.04. Rights to the Data and Improvements
          (a) Any improvements of and modifications to the PPM or PPM Data collection and respondent materials related to the PPM developed by or on behalf of Arbitron, and whether or not requested, by the Company and any inventions, patents or other intellectual property covering such improvements or modifications shall be owned by Arbitron; provided, however, that all such improvements shall be developed by and at the cost of Arbitron. Company resources shall not be used to make any such improvements or modifications, and the Company shall under no circumstances own any such improvements or modifications.
          (b) Any improvements and modifications of the Homescan Panel or marketing panel recruitment, installation, and maintenance developed by or on behalf of ACNielsen and, whether or not requested, by the Company, and any inventions, patents or other intellectual property covering all or part of such improvements or modifications shall be owned by ACNielsen; provided, however, that all such improvements shall be developed by and at the cost of ACNielsen. Company resources shall not be used to make any such improvements or modifications, and the Company shall under no circumstances own any such improvements or modifications.
          (c) Any improvements and modifications of the New Product developed by the Company, and any inventions, patents or other intellectual property covering all or part of such improvements, shall be owned by the Company; provided, however, that the

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development of such improvements shall be documented in advance and agreed to by Members.
          (d) All PPM Data shall be owned by Arbitron as specified and in accordance with the Business Services Agreement, and all Homescan Panel data shall be owned by ACNielsen as specified and in accordance with the Vendor Services Agreement.
ARTICLE III
FORMATION AND TERM
          3.01. Formation
          The Members hereby form the Company as a limited liability company under and pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act, and agree that the rights, duties and liabilities of the Members shall be as provided in the Delaware Act, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement. Upon the execution of this Agreement, TNC-NMR and Arbitron shall be admitted as Members. The Members hereby designate James Ross to file the Certificate of Formation of the Company. The Members may jointly describe any person as an authorized person, within the meaning of the Delaware Act, to execute, deliver and file any amendments and/or restatements thereof with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the Delaware Act.
          3.02. Members’ Interests
          As of the date of this Agreement, TNC-NMR and Arbitron shall each own fifty percent (50%) of the Company Interests.
          3.03. Name
          The name of the Company is “Project Apollo LLC”, and may be changed by the unanimous consent of the Members. The business of the Company may be conducted under the name of the Company, or under any other name designated by the Members’ Committee. The Company shall be described as a joint venture of TNC-NMR and Arbitron.
          3.04. Term
          The Company shall commence as of the date of the filing of the Certificate. The term of the Company shall continue for a period of fifteen (15) years from the end of the Pilot Period, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the provisions of Sections 10.01(a) or 10.04 hereof. The existence of the Company as a separate legal entity shall continue until the cancellation of the Certificate as provided in the Delaware Act.
          3.05. Registered Agent and Office
          The Company’s registered agent and office in the State of Delaware shall be The Corporation Trust Company, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19801. At any time, the Members’ Committee may mutually designate another registered agent or registered office.

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          3.06. Principal Place of Business
          The principal place of business of the Company shall be determined by the Member’s Committee. At any time, the Members’ Committee may change the location of the Company’s principal place of business to another location by mutual agreement.
          3.07. Qualification in Other Jurisdictions
          The Members’ Committee shall cause the Company to be qualified, formed or registered under assumed or fictitious name statutes or similar Laws in any jurisdiction in which the Company transacts business. The Company shall execute, deliver and file any certificates (and any amendments to or restatements of such certificates) necessary for the Company to qualify to do business in a jurisdiction in which the Company may wish to conduct business.
          3.08. Reliance by Third-Party Creditors
          This Agreement is entered into among the Members for the exclusive benefit of the Company, its Members and their successors and assigns. This Agreement is expressly not intended for the benefit of any creditor of the Company or any other Person. Except and only to the extent provided by applicable statute, no such creditor or third party shall have rights under this Agreement or any agreement between the Company and any Member with respect to any Capital Contributions or otherwise.
          3.09. Title to Assets
          Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all Assets shall be owned by the Company as an entity and no Member shall have any ownership interest in such Assets in the Member’s individual name or right. The Company shall hold all Assets in the name of the Company.
          3.10. Payment of Individual Obligations
          The Company’s credit and Assets shall be used solely for the benefit of the Company and no Assets of the Company shall be transferred or encumbered for or in payment of any individual obligation of any Member.
ARTICLE IV
MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY
          4.01. Members’ Committee
          (a) General. A Members’ Committee shall supervise the activities of the Company and will, among other things, (i) approve the expenditure of funds for Company operations, on a basis consistent with the requirements of the relevant Approved Budget of the Company under Article VII hereof; (ii) approve the hiring and firing of the President, the chief financial officer and other officers of the Company; (iii) attempt to resolve any and all disputes between the Members as to the Company’s operations; (iv) attempt to resolve any and all disputes between the Members concerning licensing or marketing rights issues which arise out of the Company’s operations; and (v) consider and act upon all other material matters

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which impact upon or affect the operation of the Company. The authorization and approval of the Members’ Committee shall be a condition precedent to the taking of those actions set forth in Section 4.03 hereof. The Members’ Committee shall also consider and act upon those other matters which are contemplated by this Agreement as being subject to its consideration or approval. The Representatives of the Members’ Committee shall act as representatives of the Members.
          (b) Members’ Committee. TNC-NMR and Arbitron shall each appoint an equal number of Representatives to the Members’ Committee. Initially, each Member shall appoint three such Representatives. The names of each Member’s designated Representatives on the Execution Date are set forth in Schedule B to this Agreement. Subsequent appointments of Representatives to the Members’ Committee will be made by written notice to the other Member and each such appointment may be changed by reasonable advance written notice to the other Member(s). The chairmanship of meetings of the Members’ Committee shall alternate between Representatives of each Member on a meeting-by-meeting basis. The Members’ Committee shall appoint one or more secretaries to keep records of its meetings. The Chief Financial Officers of TNC-NMR and Arbitron may also attend the meetings of the Members’ Committee.
          (c) Meetings. The Members’ Committee shall establish its own schedule and location of regular meetings, which shall be held at least on a calendar-quarterly basis. Special meetings of the Members’ Committee shall be held at a mutually convenient location; provided that in the absence of an agreement on such location, the location will rotate between the head offices of each Member. Any meeting of the Members’ Committee may be conducted by telephone provided all Representatives wishing to participate are able to listen and speak to one another while the meeting is being conducted.
          (d) One Vote Per Member/Dispute Resolution. The Representatives of each Member shall each have the right to one vote and all decisions of the Members’ Committee shall be by unanimous vote, subject to Section 6.06(c) hereof. In the event that the Members’ Committee is unable to unanimously resolve an issue within a reasonable time after it arises, upon either Member’s request, the Chief Executive Officers of Arbitron and TNC-NMR shall meet and attempt to resolve the issue. If the Chief Executive Officers of Arbitron and TNC-NMR are unable to resolve such issue within thirty (30) days after such issue is brought to their attention by written notice from the Members’ Committee, then the dispute shall be referred to non-binding mediation under the auspices of the American Arbitration Association of New York City, and if still not resolved within ninety (90) days after the commencement of such mediation, then either party may resort to arbitration in accordance with, and subject to, the provisions of Section 13.09 hereof to resolve such dispute. The provisions of this Section 4.01(d), and the provisions of Sections 10.01 and 10.04 hereof, providing an option for dissolution or buy/sell at the times and under the conditions set forth therein, shall be the sole remedies available in the event of a dispute which is unresolved.
          (e) Decisions.
          (i) Valid decisions of the Members’ Committee may be taken only at a meeting where at least one Representative of each Member is present, and has an executed proxy (whether in facsimile or other written form) from the other

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Representatives of such Member, subject to Section 6.06(c) hereof. The Chairman for each meeting shall give the Representatives at least five (5) days written notice prior to the meeting, unless waived.
          (ii) Decisions may also be made by the Members’ Committee, without a meeting being held, by facsimile or other written instrument which is executed by all Representatives of each Member.
          (f) Invitees. The President and other Company officers and employees of the Members may attend meetings of the Members’ Committee at the invitation of any Representative. Such invitees shall not be Members of the Members’ Committee, nor shall they be entitled to vote on matters which come before the Members’ Committee.
          4.02. Management of the Company
          (a) President. The Company shall have a President who shall report to the Members’ Committee and shall have, within the guidelines of the Approved Business Plan and Approved Budget, overall responsibility for management of the Company, including specific responsibility for staffing, sales and other similar organizational and product issues. The President shall not hire or terminate any officer of the Company without the advance written approval of such action by the Members’ Committee. Any decision to terminate the employment of the President or change the duties or responsibilities of the President shall require the approval of the Members’ Committee.
          (b) Other Officers. The Members’ Committee shall elect and replace officers for such positions as the Members’ Committee may determine from time to time, and such officers shall perform such duties and have such powers as the Members’ Committee may then determine. The officers will manage the day-to-day operations of the Company in a manner consistent with the policies, procedures, budgets, plans and programs ordered or approved by the Members’ Committee consistent with the provisions of this Agreement and the Delaware Act.
          (c) Other Employees. The Company shall be entitled to hire and provide such other employees compensation and benefits as are, in each case, in accordance with the Approved Business Plan and the Approved Budget or the unanimous action of the Members’ Committee.
          4.03. Prior Approval
          No act shall be taken, sum expended, decision made or obligation incurred by or on behalf of the Company with respect to any matter described below unless such proposed action shall have been unanimously (subject to Section 6.06(c) hereof) approved by the Members’ Committee:
          (a) hiring or terminating the President or other elected officers and fixing their compensation;
          (b) entering into, materially modifying, renewing, terminating or canceling any license or other agreement with any Person, other than Arbitron or TNC-NMR or

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their respective Affiliates, relating to the Company’s intellectual property rights or proprietary data except for non-exclusive, non-material agreements in the ordinary course of business;
          (c) appointing independent auditors of the Company;
          (d) appointing legal counsel to the Company;
          (e) commencing or settling any lawsuit or claim involving the Company (other than a collection action or payment dispute) involving amounts above $50,000 or non-monetary relief;
          (f) adopting or implementing any plan of dissolution or liquidation, except as provided in Section 10.01(a) or Section 10.04 hereof;
          (g) merging or consolidating with or into any Person, or acquiring all or part of another business (whether by acquisition of stock or assets or otherwise) or entering into a cooperative arrangement with another party which is the functional equivalent thereof;
          (h) selling, encumbering, leasing, transferring or otherwise disposing of, in whole or in part, any of the Company’s Assets, except in the ordinary course of business of the Company;
          (i) establishing or allowing to exist any Subsidiary of the Company;
          (j) making any investment in, loan to or guaranty of any obligations of any Person;
          (k) any sale, transfer or other disposition by the Company of any interest therein or of any right to acquire any interest therein;
          (l) incurring any Indebtedness which exceeds the amount thereof set forth in the Approved Budget period applicable at that time;
          (m) admitting a new Member or creating a new class of Members except as expressly provided in this Agreement;
          (n) effecting a bankruptcy, dissolution, liquidation or reorganization of the Company except as provided in Article X;
          (o) committing the Company (either contractually or otherwise) for obligations outside the ordinary course of business, or for long-term operating leases;
          (p) initiating a capital call to the Members which (x) would result in annual funding which is in excess of one hundred ten percent (110%) of the cash expenditures and capital spending within a unanimously Approved Budget or (y) in any year in which the Company is operating under a default budget in accordance with section 7.03 hereof, would result in annual funding in excess of one hundred six percent (106%) of the cash

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expenditures and capital spending within the applicable default Approved Budget for such year or (z) in any year in which the Company is operating under a budget adopted without unanimous consent in accordance with Section 6.06(c)(ii) hereof, would result in annual funding in excess of one hundred six percent (106%) of the applicable default Approved Budget that would be in effect for such year if the Company were operating under a default budget in accordance with section 7.03 hereof for such year;
          (q) assigning rights in any Assets of the Company, other than Interests of the Company pursuant to Sections 9.01 or 10.02 hereof;
          (r) confessing a judgment or submitting a Company claim or liability in excess of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) to arbitration, except as provided in this Agreement;
          (s) adoption of methodology, edit rules, and quality control standards and procedures;
          (t) substantive changes to methodology, edit rules, and quality control standards and procedures;
          (u) establishment of panel locations, panel sizes and other panel specifications;
          (v) changes to panel locations, panel sizes and other panel specifications;
          (w) material changes to data collection technology;
          (x) approval of the Approved Budget and the Approved Business Plan and changes thereto;
          (y) establishing or changing the Company’s accounting policies, revenue recognition policies, or the payment procedure for the Company’s products or services;
          (z) expansion of business or scope of the Company;
          (aa) establishing or changing a royalty schedule of payments to made to the Company pursuant to Section 8.03(d) hereof; and
          (bb) establishing or changing a sample report that, pursuant to Section 8.03(d) hereof, the Collecting Party may distribute, in limited amounts and for limited periods and solely to test the market and permit the Collecting Party to determine the fees to charge its customers for a product consisting of Combined Data on a Market by Market basis.
          Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, (i) any agreement or transaction with TNC-NMR or a TNC-NMR Affiliate or any amendment, modification, declaration of default, or waiver of the Company’s rights or the other Person’s obligations under, or termination by the Company of, or the commencement, prosecution, settlement or finalization of any claim, dispute, proceeding, judgment, liability and other matters in question arising out of, or with

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respect to, the Vendor Services Agreement or any other agreement with TNC-NMR or a TNC-NMR Affiliate will require the consent of, and may be directed by, the Arbitron Member Representatives but not the TNC-NMR Member Representatives and (ii) any agreement or transaction with Arbitron or any Arbitron Affiliate or any amendment, modification, declaration of default, or waiver of the Company’s rights or the other Person’s obligations under, or termination by the Company of, or the commencement, prosecution, settlement or finalization of any claim, dispute, proceeding, judgment, liability and other matters in question arising out of, or with respect to, the Business Services Agreement or any other agreement with Arbitron or any Arbitron Affiliate will require the consent of, and may be directed by, the TNC-NMR Member Representatives but not the Arbitron Member Representatives. Arbitron agrees to cause its Representatives to agree to vote in accordance with the TNC-NMR Member Representatives on the matters that require the consent of the TNC-NMR Member Representatives but not the Arbitron Representatives. TNC-NMR agrees to cause the TNC-NMR Member Representatives to agree to vote in accordance with the Arbitron Representatives on the matters that require the consent of the Arbitron Representatives but not the consent of the TNC-NMR Member Representatives. The provisions of this paragraph shall not compel TNC-NMR, a TNC-NMR Affiliate or Arbitron or an Arbitron Affiliate to enter into any agreement or transaction (for the avoidance of doubt, the Vendor Services Agreement is being entered into pursuant to Section 5.01 hereof and the Business Services Agreement is being entered into pursuant to Section 5.06 hereof) or constitute an agreement as to any sample report pursuant to Section 4.03(aa) or royalty schedule pursuant to Section 4.03(bb) nor modify the rights of TNC-NMR, a TNC-NMR Affiliate or Arbitron or an Arbitron Affiliate as the other Person under any agreement with the Company.
ARTICLE V
RELATED AGREEMENTS & ANCILLARY LICENSING
          5.01. ACNielsen Exclusive Vendor Services Agreement
          As of the Execution Date, ACNielsen is hereby designated as a vendor to the Company, subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Vendor Services Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A, which is being executed by the Company and ACNielsen simultaneously herewith.
          5.02. Access to Properties and Records
          During the term of this Agreement and until the final dissolution of the Company and the complete liquidation of its Assets pursuant to the provisions of Article X, each of the Members (as well as their respective designated Representatives) shall be afforded, on not less than three (3) business days’ written notice to the Company, access during normal business hours to the facilities, properties, books, records and files of the Company (and shall maintain the confidentiality of any property or information that is proprietary to the Member which is not seeking such access), to the extent as may be reasonably required for purposes related to this Agreement or any of the agreements which are being executed and delivered in connection herewith, including, but not limited to, audits of the profits and loss statements, balance sheets and other financial and tax records of the Company. In addition, each Member shall provide the Company with monthly sales records indicating each customer to whom such Member has sold or provided any of the Company products, including the length of the contract.

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          5.03. Transitional Services; Real Estate Arrangements
          Any transitional, ongoing, administrative or other services and real estate arrangements of the Company shall be provided in accordance with the Pilot Period Budget, and, after the Pilot Period, the Approved Business Plan and the Approved Budget.
          5.04. Further Assurances
          Each of the Members shall (and shall cause each of its Affiliates to), at any time and from time to time after the Execution Date, at its cost and expense, execute, deliver, file and record such other instruments and documents, and take such other actions, as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the provisions of this Agreement or of any other agreement or instrument executed and delivered in connection herewith.
          5.05. Authorized Action
          Whenever an action is described herein as to be taken by the Company, it shall be by action of the President or other appropriate officer of the Company, unless otherwise provided.
          5.06. Business Services Agreement. As of the Execution Date, Arbitron is hereby designated as a vendor to the Company, subject to and in accordance with the Business Services Agreement, attached hereto as Exhibit B, which is being executed by the Company and Arbitron simultaneously herewith.
ARTICLE VI
FUNDING, ALLOCATIONS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND CAPITAL ACCOUNTS
          6.01. Funding Obligations
          To the extent Capital Contributions or other Funding Obligations from the Members are needed, they will be made in equal amounts by the Members.
          6.02. Third-Party Financing
          It is the intention of the Members that the Company shall act as an independent entity from a financial point of view. The Members shall not use the Company or any of its Assets as collateral for any of the Members’ or their Affiliates’ borrowings or debts. The Company may satisfy its needs for funding under this Article VI by incurring Indebtedness from a third party with the approval of the Members’ Committee. The Company shall notify the Members in writing of any requested third-party financing arrangement at least thirty (30) days prior to the proposed implementation thereof.
          6.03. Cash Contributions and Distributions
          (a) Intent. It is the intent of the Members that the Company shall be operated with the minimum amount of cash being retained by the Company at any time.
          (b) Contributions by the Members

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          (i) Shared Equally. The Members hereby agree that, subject to the terms hereof, the Funding Obligations of the Company, subject to subsection (iii) of this Section 6.03(b), will be shared in accordance with their Percentage Interests and each Member, upon execution of this Agreement, shall make a cash Capital Contribution in an amount to be determined by the Members’ Committee.
          (ii) During Pilot Period. During the Pilot Period, Capital Contributions or other Funding Obligations will be made in equal amounts by the Members in accordance with the Pilot Period Budget unless and until either party elects to terminate the Pilot Period and dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 10.04 hereof.
          (iii) After Pilot Period. Contributions by the Members of Funding Obligations of the Company in respect of any period after the Pilot Period shall be made, subject to Section 4.03(p) hereof, in accordance with the Approved Budgets and otherwise on an “as needed” basis, as determined by the President on behalf of the Company in accordance with a quarterly funding forecast (indicating monthly Funding Obligations for the quarter) which the President shall prepare and recommend to the Members’ Committee on a regular basis. Whenever the President determines that additional capital is needed to meet Funding Obligations for the next calendar quarter, then the President shall give written notice to the Members, which notice shall include a statement of the proposed use of the proceeds. The Members shall consider such notice and the funding needs of the Company, and such recommendation, if it is within the applicable limit specified in Section 4.03(p) hereof, shall constitute an approved Funding Obligation of the Members, and the Members shall provide funds required, thereby, in the form and in the amounts called for thereby. If the recommendation is beyond such applicable limit specified in Section 4.03(p) hereof, it shall only become an approved Funding Obligation if approved by the Members’ Committee; provided, however, that neither Arbitron nor TNC-NMR shall be obligated to make a Capital Contribution in excess of the applicable limit set forth in Section 4.03(p) hereof in respect of a Funding Obligation approved by the Members’ Committee without unanimous consent in accordance with Section 6.06(c)(ii) hereof; and provided, further, any failure to make a Capital Contribution or any payment thereof in excess of the applicable limit set forth in Section 4.03(p) hereof in respect of a Funding Obligation approved by the Members’ Committee without unanimous consent in accordance with Section 6.06(c)(ii) hereof shall not result in (i) either Member having their respective Percentage Interest adjusted or the Other Member having the right to advance for its own Capital Account any capital pursuant to Section 6.06(b) hereof or (ii) the Other Member having the right to withdraw any Capital Contributions pursuant to Section 6.06(a) hereof; and provided, further, any Capital Contribution made in excess of the applicable limit set forth in Section 4.03(p) hereof in respect of a Funding Obligation approved by the Members’ Committee without unanimous consent in accordance with Section 6.06(c)(ii) hereof shall be considered a loan to the Company and shall be made on reasonable terms approved pursuant to the last paragraph of Section 4.03 before such loan is made.
          6.04. Fiscal Year

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          The fiscal year of the Company shall be the calendar year.
          6.05. Allocations and Distributions Between Members.
          (a) Distributions to the Members. The Company shall distribute to the Members any of the Company’s cash which, in the judgment of the Company, exceeds the minimum cash requirements of the business for a reasonable period of time. Such excess cash distributions shall be allocated between the Members in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
          (b) Profits and Losses. Profits and losses of the Company shall be allocated between the Members in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
          6.06. Member’s Failure to Meet Funding Obligations After Pilot Period
          In case a Member (the “Noncontributing Member”) fails to make a Capital Contribution or other Funding Obligation that is required to fund the ongoing business of the Company in respect of any period after the Pilot Period as set forth in the most recent unanimously Approved Budget or any higher limit under Section 4.03(p) hereof, then the other Member (the “Other Member”) may, as its exclusive remedy in respect of such failure, subject to Section 6.03(b)(iii) hereof, elect to exercise one, and only one, of the following alternatives under paragraphs (a) or (b):
          (a) The Other Member, subject to Section 6.03(b)(iii) hereof, may withdraw its respective additional Capital Contributions in an amount comparable to that which the Noncontributing Member failed to make; or
          (b) The Other Member may, subject to Section 6.03(b)(iii) hereof, after giving the Noncontributing Member written notice expressly and conspicuously citing the provisions of this Section 6.06, advance for its own Capital Account (in addition to the additional Capital Contribution required of it) the additional capital requested from the Noncontributing Member. Thereafter, unless, within ninety (90) days after the notice, the Noncontributing Member contributes the additional capital which had been requested (in which case the Other Member shall withdraw such amount from the Company), subject to Section 6.03(b)(iii) hereof, each Member’s respective Percentage Interest shall be adjusted to proportionately reflect the relative change in the parties’ Capital Account resulting from the failure of the Noncontributing Member to make such Capital Contribution or other Funding Obligation and these adjustments shall thereafter be taken into consideration for purposes of allocating cash distributions, profits, losses and distributions of the Assets and properties of the Company upon termination of this Agreement.
          (c) In the event that, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 6.06, the Noncontributing Member no longer owns at least a fifty percent (50%) Interest in the Company, then thereafter, whichever Member holds the majority of the Interests (the “Controlling Member”) shall be entitled to appoint four Member Representatives to the Members’ Committee and the other Member shall be entitled to appoint three Members, and the following shall apply:

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          (i) Each Representative shall be entitled to one vote, in person or by proxy, at meetings of the Members’ Committee and decisions of the Committee shall be by majority vote of all of the Representatives of both Members;
          (ii) notwithstanding the foregoing, while the Controlling Member owns greater than fifty percent (50%) but less than seventy five percent (75%) of the total outstanding Interests, but not while seventy five percent (75%) or more of the total outstanding Interests are owned by the Controlling Member, all actions enumerated in Section 4.03 hereof, except those enumerated in paragraphs (a), (b), (d), (e), (r), (x), and (y) of Section 4.03, shall continue to require unanimous consent of all of the Representatives of both Members;
          (iii) in all cases, the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 4.03 hereof shall continue to apply;
          (iv) all other management provisions of Article IV, to the extent not modified pursuant to this Section 6.06(c), shall continue to apply, including, without limitation, Section 4.01(e)(i) hereof; provided, however, that all actions that (x) pursuant to this Section 6.06(c), no longer require unanimous consent of all of the Representatives of both Members and (y) are contained in the notice described below, may be made at a Member’s Committee meeting without a Representative of the Member that owns a minority of Interests being present at such meeting, so long as that Member shall have been given at least fifteen (15) days prior written notice of such meeting stating the purpose thereto; and
          (v) The dispute resolution provisions of Sections 4.01(d) hereof shall continue to apply to any decisions of the Members’ Committee requiring unanimous consent.
          6.07. Capital Accounts
          The Company shall maintain a Capital Account on behalf of each Member. Each Member’s Capital Account shall reflect all profit and loss allocations, contributions and distributions made pursuant to the terms of this Agreement by a debit or credit, as applicable.
          6.08. Accounting Procedures
          (a) Accounting Principles. The books of account of the Company shall be kept and maintained at the principal place of business of the Company, or at such other place or places as shall be determined by the Members’ Committee. The books of account and the Financial Statements of the Company shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied, which shall be utilized in the preparation of the books of account and Financial Statements of the Company.
          (b) Financial Statements. The Company shall cause Financial Statements to be prepared and furnished to each of the Members, as soon as is practicable after the end of each month, quarter and year, as the case may be, but in no event later than three (3) working days after the end of each month or quarter or three (3) working days after the end of a year.

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The Financial Statements shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6.08(a) hereof, and shall be accompanied by:
          (i) a certificate signed by the president of the Company and the principal financial employee of the company to the effect that the unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows, in the case of Financial Statements relating to any month, or to any of the first three fiscal quarters of each year, or to any full fiscal year for which audited Financial Statements are not requested by either Member pursuant to clause (ii) below; and
          (ii) an independent auditor’s report prepared by a firm of independent certified public accountants approved by the Members’ Committee, in the case of Financial Statements relating to a full fiscal year, if so requested by either Member.
The president of the Company and the principal financial employee of the Company responsible for providing accounting services to the Company shall also provide each Member and the Members’ Committee with such other reports relating to the operations of the Company as it may from time to time request. Any audit under subparagraph (i) or (ii) hereof shall be at the Company’s expense.
          6.09. Principal Tax Matters
          (a) Arbitron shall be the “tax matters partner” of the Company for United States federal income tax purposes (the “Tax Matters Member”). Pursuant to Section 6223(c) of the Code, upon receipt of notice from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) of the beginning of an administrative proceeding with respect to the Company, the Tax Matters Member shall furnish the IRS with the name, address and profit interest of each of the Members provided, however, that such information is provided to the Tax Matters Member by the Members.
          (b) The Tax Matters Member shall, with the prior approval of the Members’ Committee, be permitted to:
          (i) enter into any settlement with the IRS with respect to any administrative or judicial proceedings for the adjustment of the Company items required to be taken into account by a Member for income tax purposes (such administrative proceedings being referred to as a “Tax Audit” and such judicial proceedings being referred to as “Judicial Review”);
          (ii) in the event that a notice of a final administrative adjustment at the Company level of any item required to be taken into account by a Member for tax purposes (a “Final Adjustment”) is mailed to the Tax Matters Member, seek Judicial Review of such Final Adjustment, including the filing of a petition for readjustment with the Tax Court or the United States Claims Court, or the filing of a complaint for refund with the District Court of the United States for the district in which the Company’s principal place of business is located;

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          (iii) file a request for an administrative adjustment with the IRS at any time and, if any part of such request is not allowed by the IRS, to file an appropriate pleading (petition or complaint) for Judicial Review with respect to such request;
          (iv) enter into an agreement with the IRS to extend the period for assessing any tax which is attributable to any item required to be taken into account by a Member for tax purposes, or an item affected by such item; and
          (v) take any other action on behalf of the Members in connection with any Tax Audit or Judicial Review proceeding.
          The Tax Matters Member shall consult with the other Member (that is not the Tax Matters Member) and receive the other Member’s written approval before taking any action pursuant to this Section 6.09(b) and show the other Member the relevant paperwork that such Member requests associated with such action. In the case of a disagreement between the Tax Matters Member and the other Member, an accounting firm to be selected by the Members’ Committee will resolve such disputes.
          The provisions relating to indemnification of a Member set forth in Article XII hereof shall be fully applicable to the Tax Matters Member in its capacity as such. The Tax Matters Member shall receive no compensation for its services. All third party costs and expenses incurred by the Tax Matters Member in performing its duties as such (including legal and accounting fees and any out-of-pocket expenses) shall be borne by the Company. Nothing herein shall be construed to restrict the Company from engaging an accounting firm or other experts or consultants to assist the Tax Matters Member in discharging its duties hereunder, so long as the compensation paid by the Company for such services is reasonable.
          (c) Unless the Members shall determine that other methods of allocations are required by the Code or applicable Treasury Regulations, each item of income, gain, loss and credit of the Company shall be allocated between the Members in accordance with their Percentage Interests for the fiscal year (or portion thereof) to which the item relates.
          6.10. Organizational Expenses
          The Company shall elect to deduct expenses, if any, incurred by it in organizing the Company ratably over a 180-month period as provided in Section 709 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
          6.11. Withholding
          Each Member hereby authorizes the Company to withhold from or pay on behalf of or with respect to such Member any amount of federal, state, local, or foreign taxes that the Members’ Committee determines (provided, however, that the Members’ Committee may delegate such determination to the Tax Matters Member) that the Company is required to withhold or pay with respect to any amount distributable or allocable to such Member pursuant to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any taxes required to be withheld or paid by the Company pursuant to Sections 1441, 1442, 1445 or 1446 of the Code. Any amount paid on

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behalf of or with respect to a Member shall constitute a loan by the Company to such Member, which loan shall be repaid by such Member within fifteen (15) days after notice from the Company that such payment must be made unless (i) the Company withholds such payment from a distribution which would otherwise be made to the Member or (ii) the Members’ Committee determines, in its sole and absolute discretion, that such payment may be satisfied out of the available funds of the Company which would, but for such payment, be distributed to the Member. Any amounts withheld pursuant to the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii) shall be treated as having been distributed to such Member. In the event that a Member fails to pay any amounts owed to the Company when due pursuant to this Section 6.11, the Tax Matters Member may, in its sole and absolute discretion, determine to make the payment to the Company on behalf of such defaulting Member, and in such event shall be deemed to have loaned such amount to such defaulting Member and shall succeed to all rights and remedies of the Company as against such defaulting Member (including, without limitation, the right to receive distributions). Any amounts payable by a Member hereunder shall bear interest at a rate equal to Prime Rate, as published from time to time in the Wall Street Journal, plus two percentage points (but not higher than the maximum lawful rate) from the date such amount is due (i.e., fifteen (15) days after demand) until such amount is paid in full.
          6.12. Classification
          The Company will file information returns in a manner consistent with treatment of the Company as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes and will not elect to be treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes.
ARTICLE VII
BUDGETS AND BUSINESS PLANS
          7.01. Business Plans and Budgets
          (a) Prior to the first of August of each year, commencing August 1, 2008, the President, on behalf of the Company, shall submit to the Members’ Committee for its review and comment a preliminary five-year combined business plan commencing with the following year, which is proposed for the Company. Within ten (10) days thereof, the Members’ Committee shall provide its response to the President and a final business plan shall be submitted by October 1st and approved by the Members’ Committee by November 1st of each year.
          (b) On or before the first of November of each year, commencing November 1, 2008, the Company shall submit to the Members’ Committee for its review and comment a preliminary budget which is proposed for the Company for the following two (2) years. Within thirty (30) days thereof, the Members’ Committee shall provide its response to the President and a final budget for the following two (2) years, including Funding Obligations, shall be submitted by December 1st , and approved by the Members’ Committee by December 15th of each year.
          (c) Unless either party has earlier exercised its option to dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 10.04 hereof, then, commencing on or about March 31, 2007, the parties agree to use reasonable efforts to negotiate a business plan for the period

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commencing with expiration of the Pilot Period and ending December 31, 2011, and a proposed budget for the period commencing with expiration of the Pilot Period and ending December 31, 2009. The plan and budget as agreed shall become the initial Approved Business Plan and initial Approved Budget of the Company for the period following expiration of the Pilot Period. If the parties do not agree to such business plan and budget on or before September 1, 2007, then either party may elect to dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 10.04 hereof.
          7.02. Approval by the Members’ Committee
          If approved by the Members’ Committee in accordance with the terms of Section 7.01 hereof, the proposed five-year business plan (or shorter period under Section 7.01(c) hereof) shall become the Approved Business Plan for the applicable five-year (or shorter) period, and the proposed budget for the following two (2) years shall become the Approved Budget for the applicable two (2) year (or shorter) period under Section 7.01(c) hereof.
          7.03. Default Budget
          In the event that the Members’ Committee fails to approve a budget for any two (2) year period pursuant to Sections 7.01 and 7.02 hereof, then the Approved Budget for the next ensuing year shall be the budget for the second year of the two (2) year period as was contemplated within the then effective Approved Budget (for the avoidance of doubt, 2008 being the second year of the initial Approved Budget) and if the two (2) year period covered by the most recent Approved Budget expires and no further budget is approved by the Members’ Committee, there shall be a Default Budget (as defined below) for the next ensuing year. The default budget (a “Default Budget”) shall be equal to the annualized actual net cash for the most recent three months (expressed in termsof revenue, operating expenditures and capital spending) escalated by four percent (4%) . The Members’ monthly funding of the Default Budget will be based on the monthly average of the total annual Default Budget, unless the Members agree to allocate the annual Default Budget in another manner..
          7.04. Default Business Plan
          In the event a five-year business plan which is submitted to the Members’ Committee shall not be adopted pursuant to Sections 7.01 and 7.02 hereof, the Approved Business Plan which is then in effect shall continue to be the Approved Business Plan of the Company, except that the projected budget contained therein for any relevant year shall be deemed to have been superseded by the Approved Budget or default budget hereof, as applicable, for such year (determined in accordance with Section 7.02 or 7.03 hereof). If the most recent Approved Business Plan expires and no further business plan is approved by the Members’ Committee, then the Company shall continue operating on a basis consistent with the last year of the most recent Approved Business Plan.
ARTICLE VIII
CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, AND COVENANTS
          8.01. Authorization

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          Each Member represents and warrants to the other Member that it has taken all action necessary for the authorization, execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement, including the related agreements to be executed and delivered simultaneously herewith (the “Related Agreements”) to which it is a party, and when this Agreement and the Related Agreements are executed and delivered by it, they will constitute its valid and binding obligations in accordance with their respective terms. Each Member represents and warrants it has all necessary corporate and other power with respect to the foregoing.
          8.02. Absence of Conflict
          Each Member represents and warrants to the other Member that neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the Related Agreements being executed and delivered simultaneously herewith to which it is a party, nor the consummation of the transactions herein or therein contemplated, nor the fulfillment of or compliance with the terms and conditions hereof or thereof, will (nor with the giving of notice or lapse of time would) (a) conflict with its Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws or other instrument pursuant to which it is organized, as amended or restated and as currently in effect or (b) result in a breach of or constitute a default under or conflict with any material contract, agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its Assets are bound (including, without limitation, any agreements with any banks or other lenders to which either Member or any of its Affiliates are a party or subject), or (c) violate any law, rule or regulation applicable to it or any of its Assets. Any third party, governmental or administrative consents or approvals which are required in connection with the foregoing have been obtained and are in full force and effect.
          8.03. Certain Covenants
          (a) Each Member covenants and agrees that in performing services for, or on behalf of, the Company (including the sale and marketing of the Company products, whether alone or in conjunction with other products of such Member), such Member shall comply with all applicable laws, regulations, judgments, decrees, orders and other governmentally imposed limitations in the performance of such services, and shall indemnify the other Member for any losses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, to such other Member for breach of this covenant.
          (b) (i) Neither Arbitron nor TNC-NMR nor any of their respective Affiliates will compete with the Company by marketing in the Territory a direct replacement for the New Product; provided however that any Arbitron Affiliate and TNC or any other Affiliate of TNC, not including TNC-NMR or ACNielsen, may sell its services (the “Service Provider”) to a competitor (other than an Arbitron Affiliate or TNC or a TNC Affiliate, respectively) of the Company marketing a direct replacement of the New Product to third Persons in the United States so long as (A) the Service Provider first offers such services in writing to the Company, (B) the Company does not accept the offer within ninety (90) days, (C) the agreement to provide services to third Persons is made within one year of the offer and is at a price and on other terms which are no more favorable in the aggregate than those offered to the Company, and (D) the Service Provider does not, directly or indirectly, participate in marketing of the direct replacement. Any agreement to provide such services to third Persons proposed to be made by the Service Provider after the one year period shall again be subject to the first offer provisions hereunder in accordance with the terms hereof.

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          (ii) Local Market Activities shall not be deemed “marketing in the Territory a direct replacement for the New Product,” but shall be subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of this Section 8.03. . Moreover, nothing in this Agreement shall foreclose Arbitron or TNC-NMR or their respective Affiliates from the collection, sale, licensing and/or use of the following types of products or services without payment of royalty:
  1.   Single media data, collected electronically or not, whether or not combined with store/venue traffic information, product purchase information or Consumer Information, independently of Apollo JV;
 
  2.   Data that combines, through data fusion or other means of data integration or analysis, the multimedia data from one panel with the consumer data from a separate panel;
 
  3.   Data relating to the measurement of direct mail, whether on a standalone basis or in combination with any other data or combinations of data permissible in Sections 8.03 herein;
 
  4.   Data that relates only to consumer or retail data, but not media data;
 
  5.   Single-panel data for both consumer behavior and exposure to multimedia, but only if and in so far as such multimedia data includes only one medium received outside of retail stores, malls and similar retail environments;
 
  6.   Single-panel data for both consumer behavior and exposure to multimedia but only if and in so far as such multimedia data is collected via panelist or interviewer-completed surveys, including paper surveys, phone surveys, and web surveys that panelists or interviewers fill out by typing, clicking or similar manual or other personal effort;
 
  7.   Single-panel data for both consumer behavior and exposure to multimedia, so long as the multimedia only includes one medium additional to Internet and only if and in so far as such consumer data includes only Internet purchases and related consumer behavior.
          (iii) The provisions of this paragraph (b) shall apply during the term of this Agreement so long as both Arbitron and TNC-NMR are at least five percent (5%) owners of Interests of the Company. Further, in the event of acquisition at any time during the term hereof by TNC-NMR of all of the Interests in accordance with Sections 10.02 and 10.03 hereof and exercise by TNC-NMR of its option under Section 10.03 (d) hereof, the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall continue to apply to Arbitron and its Affiliates during the term of the Business Services Agreement. If TNC-NMR does not exercise such option, then the provisions of paragraph (b) shall

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expire. In addition, in the event of acquisition at any time during the term hereof by Arbitron of all of the Interests in accordance with Sections 10.02 and 10.03 hereof and exercise by Arbitron of its option under Section 10.03 (d) hereof, the provisions of paragraph (b) shall continue to apply with respect to TNC-NMR and its Affiliates for a period of three (3) years from the date of acquisition. If Arbitron does not exercise such option, then the provisions of paragraph (b) shall expire.
          (c) In the event TNC-NMR elects to dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 10.04 hereof, then, for a period of one year after such election, neither TNC-NMR nor any of its Affiliates will market in the Territory the Homescan Panel or any other in-home product purchase scanning device in combination with any portable multimedia data measuring product, except that they may engage in Local Market Activities. In the event Arbitron elects to dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 10.04 hereof, then, for a period of one year after such election, neither Arbitron nor any of its Affiliates will market in the Territory any in-home product purchase scanning device in combination with the PPM, except that they may engage in Local Market Activities.
          (d) Nothing in this Agreement shall foreclose Arbitron or TNC-NMR or their respective Affiliates from the collection, sale, licensing and/or use of single media data, whether or not combined with store/venue traffic information, product purchase information or Consumer Information, independently of the Company.
          (e) Arbitron and TNC-NMR and their respective Affiliates (each herein, the “Collecting Party”) may engage in the collection, sale, licensing or other distribution and/or use of Combined Data on a Market by Market basis independently of the Company (such activities, “Local Market Activities”); provided, however, (i) the Collecting Party shall not use, or use any data collected from, the Company’s panelists (for the avoidance of doubt, such data does not include ACNielsen Homescan Consumer Panel Data (as defined in the Vendor Services Agreement) or from PPMs licensed to the Company (for the avoidance of doubt, such data does not include data collected from PPMs other than the specific PPMs licensed to the Company(which specific PPMs licensed to the Company, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be the only PPMs utilized by the Company’s panelist)) in connection with any Local Market Activities during the term of this Agreement and (ii) so long as both Arbitron and TNC-NMR are at least five percent (5%) owners of Interests of the Company, and for such further period of time, if any, that the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 8.03 are in effect for a respective Collecting Party, such Collecting Party shall pay to the Company a reasonable royalty with respect to its Local Market Activities (including those using Homescan panelists with any electronic multimedia means, but excluding those set forth in Section 8.1 of the Vendor Services Agreement), such reasonable royalty to be negotiated promptly and in good faith by the parties and approved pursuant to Section 4.03(aa) and the last paragraph of Section 4.03 hereof prior to the time the Collecting Party engages in Local Market Activities as permitted above; provided, however, the Collecting Party may distribute Combined Data on a Market by Market basis independently of the Company prior to agreement on a reasonable royalty, if such Combined Data is provided to prospective clients for free, only in limited amounts in the form of a sample report approved pursuant to Section 4.03(bb) hereof, solely for the purposes specified in

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Section 4.03(bb) hereof and is not provided as part of any ongoing data delivery or commercial relationship. No royalty shall be required to be paid hereunder in respect of ACNielsen’s Local Market Activities, so long as such royalty is being paid under the terms of the Vendor Services Agreement or is not required to be paid pursuant to Section 8.1 of such agreement.
          (f) Except as set forth in this Section 8.03, nothing contained in this Agreement shall restrict Arbitron or its Affiliates from developing and/or commercializing the PPM or any other PPM Equipment (as defined in the Business Services Agreement) in any way.
          (g) Arbitron shall advise TNC-NMR on a bi weekly basis of the progress toward meeting the Milestone Dates, and each of Arbitron and TNC-NMR shall advise the other on a bi-weekly basis of the progress toward meeting the requirements of a Fully Encoded Panel and the [********] Data Date.
          (h) Arbitron and TNC-NMR acknowledge that the covenants set forth in this Section 8.03 are an essential element of this Agreement and that, but for the agreement of the parties to comply with these covenants, Arbitron and TNC-NMR, as applicable, would not have entered into this Agreement. Arbitron and TNC-NMR have independently consulted with its counsel and after such consultation agrees that the covenants set forth in this Section 8.03 are reasonable and proper. If the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction declares that any term or provision of this Section 8.03 is invalid or unenforceable, the parties agree that the court making the determination of invalidity or unenforceability shall have the power to reduce the scope, duration, or area of the term or provision, to delete specific words or phrases, or to replace any invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a term or provision that is valid and enforceable and that comes closest to expressing the intention of the invalid or unenforceable term or provision, and this Agreement shall be enforceable as so modified after the expiration of the time within which the judgment may be appealed.
ARTICLE IX
TRANSFERABILITY OF INTEREST
          9.01. Restricted Transfer of the Company Interest
          Except for sales or dispositions of Interests between Members pursuant to Section 10.02 hereof, a Member may not, without the prior written consent of the other Member, sell, assign, encumber or otherwise transfer (directly or indirectly, through one or more transactions, and whether voluntary, involuntary, by operation of law or otherwise) its Interest in the Company or any part thereof to any Person, except with respect to their projected earnings flow and in such case subject and junior in rights to all rights and obligations under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, either Member may transfer its Interests (i) together with sale or merger, consolidation or other transfer of all or substantially all of its assets or business or (ii) upon receiving the written consent of the other Member, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, to an Affiliate which is wholly owned by, or which wholly owns, such Member. It shall be a condition precedent to any transfer that the transferee agrees in writing to

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be bound by the terms of this Agreement. Any transfer which is not made in strict compliance with the terms of this Section 9.01 shall be null and void.
ARTICLE X
DISSOLUTION; BUY/SELL OPTION
          10.01. Dissolution; Initiation of Buy/Sell Option
          (a) Dissolution by Mutual Agreement. The Members may dissolve the Company at any time by execution of a written agreement signed by a duly authorized officer of each Member stating that the Members wish to terminate this Agreement and setting forth terms for the disposition or allocation of the assets, liabilities and rights and obligations of the Company, and the Members shall dissolve the Company upon expiration of the term under Section 3.04 hereof, unless such term has been extended by mutual written agreement or the buy/sell option under Section 10.02 hereof has been earlier exercised.
          (b) Initiation of Buy/Sell Option. Either Member shall have the right to initiate the buy/sell procedure under Section 10.02 hereof at any time after five (5) years from the end of the Pilot Period.
          10.02. Buy/Sell Option Procedure
          (a) Upon the satisfaction of the condition of Section 10.01(b) hereof entitling either Member to exercise rights pursuant to this Section 10.02, the Member exercising such rights (such person, the “Proposer”) may initiate the buy/sell procedure of this Section 10.02 by delivering written notice thereof, together with a price (the “Proposer’s Purchase Price”), expressed as a U.S. dollar amount per percent of Company Interest and its proposed sale terms, to the other Member, including whether the Proposer, if it is the purchasing Member, elects, pursuant to Section 10.03(d) to continue the Business Services Agreement or Vendor Services Agreement, as applicable. The Proposer’s Purchase Price shall be determined on the basis of a going concern valuation by an Investment Banking Firm retained (at its expense) by the Proposer of all of the Company’s Interests for the Company or in whole multiplied by the percentage of the Company Interests to be sold (the “Valuation Report”), a copy of which shall accompany its notice. Such valuation, and any other valuation under Section 10.02 shall take into account the purchaser’s rights under Section 10.03(d) hereof.
          (b) Upon receipt of the Proposer’s notice and Valuation Report (collectively, the “Proposer’s Notice”), the receiving Member (the “Recipient”) shall have the right and obligation, by written notice to the Proposer within one hundred eighty (180) days after receipt of the Proposer’s Notice, to elect either to sell all of its Interests to the Proposer or to purchase all of the Proposer’s Interests, and the Proposer shall have the obligation to sell if the Recipient elects to purchase, or to purchase if the Recipient elects to sell.
          (c) The price for the purchase and sale under paragraph (b) hereof (the “Final Purchase Price”) shall be equal to the Proposer’s Purchase Price, unless the Recipient gives notice to the Proposer within forty-five (45) days after receipt of the Proposer’s Notice that the Recipient does not agree with the Proposer’s Valuation Report. In such case, the Recipient shall deliver written notice thereof, together with a price, expressed as a U.S. dollar

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amount per percent of Company Interest (the “Recipient’s Purchase Price”) within ninety (90) days after receipt of the Proposer’s Notice, whereupon, except as provided in paragraph (d) hereof, the Final Purchase Price shall be equal to the average of the Proposer’s Purchase Price and the Recipient’s Purchase Price. The Recipient’s Purchase Price shall be determined on the basis of a going concern valuation by an Investment Banking Firm retained by the Recipient (at its expense) of all of the Company’s Interests for the Company as a whole multiplied by the percentage of the Company Interests to be purchased or sold and based on the Valuation Report of the Recipient’s Investment Banking Firm, a copy of which shall accompany the Recipient’s notice.
          (d) If the Recipient gives a notice under paragraph (c) hereof and the Proposer gives notice to the Recipient within forty-five (45) days of receiving the Recipient’s notice under paragraph (c) that the Proposer does not agree with the purchase price determination under paragraph (c), then the Proposer and the Recipient shall direct the two Investment Banking Firms which have conducted their respective valuations to select a third Investment Banking Firm (the expense of which shall be shared equally by the Proposer and the Recipient) to conduct a going concern valuation of all of the Interests in the Company, which shall include a determination of the price for all the Interests of the Company, and deliver it to the Members and Company within ninety (90) days of receipt of the Recipient’s Valuation Report under paragraph (c), in which case the Final Purchase Price shall be determined on the basis of the average of the Proposer’s Purchase Price, the Recipient’s Purchase Price and the purchase price determined by such third Investment Banking Firm.
          (e) Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, in the event that the Final Purchase Price, determined under paragraph (c) or (d) hereof, is at least ten percent (10%) more than the Proposer’s Purchase Price, then, if the Proposer is obligated to purchase under paragraph (a) hereof, within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Recipient’s notice under paragraph (b) hereof, the Proposer may withdraw the Proposer’s Notice under paragraph (a) hereof, and, in the event that the Final Purchase Price, so determined, is at least ten percent (10%) less than the Proposer’s Purchase Price, within thirty (30) days after receipt of Recipient’s notice under paragraph (b) hereof, if the Proposer is obligated to sell under paragraph (b), the Proposer may withdraw the Proposer’s Notice under paragraph (a) hereof.
          (f) In the event of the Proposer’s withdrawal under paragraph (e) hereof, neither the Proposer nor the Recipient shall have any further obligation to sell or purchase in respect of the Proposer’s Notice. Further, in such case, the Proposer shall not be entitled, for a period of two years thereafter, to exercise the buy/sell option under this Section 10.02.
          (g) (i) In the event that the Recipient delivers a notice under paragraph (b) hereof, the one hundred eighty (180) day period under paragraph (b) shall be extended by thirty (30) days to two hundred ten (210) days, and, in the event that the Proposer delivers a notice under paragraph (c) hereof, the one hundred eighty (180) day notice under paragraph (b) shall be extended for an additional thirty (30) days to an aggregate of two hundred forty (240) days.
          (ii) Failure by the Recipient to give notice that it elects to purchase or elects to sell within the requisite time period under paragraph (b), as it may be extended under subpart (i) hereof, shall constitute an election to purchase. Notices under paragraphs

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(c), (d), or (e) hereof shall in no event constitute an election under paragraph (b) unless such election is expressly set forth in such notice.
          10.03. Buy/Sell Closing.
          (a) The closing of a purchase or sale under Section 10.02 hereof (the “Buy/Sell Closing”) shall occur as soon as reasonably practicable after delivery by such Member of its election notice and determination of the Final Purchase Price. Each Member shall use its reasonable efforts to cause the Buy/Sell Closing to occur expeditiously, including the making of any filings and the seeking of any consents and approvals or the expiration of any waiting period that are necessary or desirable in connection therewith.
          (b) The selling Member shall execute such documents as are reasonably required by the purchasing Member to vest in the purchasing Member title to the selling Member’s Interest, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances.
          (c) The purchasing Member shall, prior to the effective date of sale, and, as a condition thereof, arrange for release of the selling Member from any of its guarantees of loans or other obligations of the Company, and for payment by the Company of all indebtedness of the Company to the selling Member.
          (d) TNC-NMR, if it is the purchasing Member, shall have the option, to be exercised by written notice to Arbitron on or before the date of its notice under Section 10.02(a) hereof, if it is the Proposer, or its exercise of its option to purchase under Section 10.02(b) hereof, if it is the Recipient, if the term of the Business Services Agreement is then in effect, to continue the Business Services Agreement for a period of seven and one-half (71/2) years (subject to earlier termination in accordance with the terms thereof) from the date of the Buy/Sell Closing, on the terms set forth therein. Arbitron, if it is the purchasing Member, shall have the option, to be exercised by written notice to TNC-NMR and ACNielsen on or before the date of its notice under Section 10.02(a) hereof, if it is the Proposer, or its exercise of its option to purchase under Section 10.02 (b) hereof, if it is the Recipient, if the term of the Vendor Services Agreement is then in effect, to continue the Vendor Services Agreement for a period of seven and one-half (7 1/2) years (subject to earlier termination in accordance with the provisions thereof) from the date of the Buy/Sell Closing, on the terms set forth therein.
          10.04. Dissolution Option.
          (a) Either TNC-NMR or Arbitron may elect, as its sole remedy, upon written notice to the other, to dissolve the Company upon occurrence of any of the following events:
          (i) [********], provided that the other party has not given written notice on or before [********] that it has elected to extend this date to [********];
          (ii) Failure of Arbitron to meet either of the two following milestones within thirty (30) days of the following respective dates:

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  (1)   Three Network Milestone by [********]; or
 
  (2)   Four Network Milestone by [********];
          (iii) The [********] Review Period has passed;
          (iv) Election to terminate is made in accordance with Section 6.03(b)(ii) hereof; or
          (v) Election to dissolve is made in accordance with Section 7.01(c) hereof.
Any exercise of an option under subparts (i) or (ii) of subsection (a) of this Section 10.04 shall be effective only if made within forty-five (45) days after the respective date specified therein. Any exercise of the option under subpart (iii) shall be effective only if made on or before [********], and any exercise of the option under subpart (v) shall be effective only if made at any time after [********] but prior to agreement, if any, by the parties on a new business plan.
          (b) TNC-NMR may elect, upon written notice to Arbitron, to dissolve the Company upon the occurrence of the termination of the Business Services Agreement as a result of an Insurmountable Infringement Claim (as defined in the Business Services Agreement). In such event, Arbitron and its Affiliates shall not engage in any Local Market Activities or the business of using, selling, licensing, otherwise distributing, or enabling a third party or any Person to engage in the business in the Territory of using, selling, licensing or otherwise distributing, in each case, (i) PPM Equipment (as defined in the Business Services Agreement) or (ii) similar equipment, in each case, to measure the media return on investment to advertisers by collecting and integrating Combined Data (the “Apollo Activities”) for the lesser of (i) the then remaining term of the Business Services Agreement or (ii) five (5) years from and after the date of dissolution, but in no event less than one (1) year from the date of dissolution. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Arbitron desires to engage in Apollo Activities during such restricted period, Arbitron shall send a notice to TNC-NMR indicating such desire. Such notice shall specify and certify (i) the specific Apollo Activities Arbitron wishes to engage in, (ii) that Arbitron has fully resolved the Insurmountable Infringement Claim with respect to Apollo Activities, and (iii) that Arbitron has the right to use, for Apollo Activities, the PPM Equipment used by Apollo JV prior to the Insurmountable Infringement Claim (or similar equipment having the same or better functionality and features). TNC-NMR shall notify Arbitron within ninety (90) days of the receipt of such notice whether it desires to engage in Apollo Activities with Arbitron. If TNC-NMR notifies Arbitron within ninety (90) days of the receipt of such notice that it does not desire to engage in Apollo Activities with Arbitron, Arbitron and its Affiliates may engage in Apollo Activities without TNC-NMR; provided that Arbitron shall not engage in any Apollo Activities for at least one (1) year from the date of dissolution of the Company. If TNC-NMR notifies Arbitron that it desires to engage in Apollo Activities with Arbitron, then: (i) Arbitron and TNC-NMR shall form a joint venture to conduct such activities on the same terms and conditions as set forth in this LLC Agreement and shall enter into agreements and arrangements on the same terms and conditions as set forth in the Business Services Agreement and the Master Services Agreement; (ii) the costs and expenses to start-up

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such joint venture and its operations shall be borne by Arbitron (including all costs and expenses of the reinstallation of panels and equipment); and (iii) the direct costs and expenses of remedying the Insurmountable Infringement Claim shall be borne by Arbitron. If the Company has been dissolved for one or more of the reasons set forth in this Section 10.04(b), then this Section 10.04(b) shall survive dissolution of the Company.
          (c) If a party elects to dissolve the Company under this Section 10.04, then this Agreement shall be terminated (other than this Section 10.04 and Article XIII hereof, which shall survive termination of this Agreement) on a date fixed by such party, to be not less than ten (10) nor more than ninety (90) days thereafter, and both Members shall take all necessary and appropriate action to dissolve the Company in accordance with the provisions of Delaware law. In such case, the parties acknowledge and agree that the Business Services Agreement and the Vendor Services Agreement shall each terminate effective upon the date of termination of this Agreement, and except as provided in this Section 10.04, neither party shall have any further obligation to the other under this Agreement, except that any rights and obligations of the parties to the date of termination, including, without limitation, accrued but unpaid Funding Obligations through the date of termination, shall survive. Any distributions in connection with the dissolution of the Company shall be allocated to the Members in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
          10.05. Judicial Dissolution. The Members agree that irreparable damage would be done to the goodwill and reputation of the Company if either Member should bring an action in court to dissolve the Company, wind-up the Company or to partition the Company’s assets and property otherwise then as expressly provided herein. Care has been taken in this Agreement to provide appropriate provisions to address situations where the Members are not in agreement on how to proceed as to any matter. Accordingly, each of the Members accepts the provisions of this Agreement as its sole entitlement on termination of its membership relationship and sole means of dissolving or otherwise winding-up the Company. Except as expressly provided herein, each Member hereby waives and renounces its right to seek a court decree of dissolution, winding-up or any action for partition in kind or a partition by sale, or to seek the appointment by a court of liquidator for the Company or its assets and properties pursuant to Sections 18-801(3), 18-801(5), 18-802, or 18-803 of the Delaware Act or otherwise.
ARTICLE XI
FORCE MAJEURE
          A Member whose performance hereunder is prevented by an event or condition of Force Majeure, upon providing written notice to the other Member of such event or condition, shall be excused from performance to the extent such event or condition prevents its performance, provided that the Member so affected shall use reasonable efforts to avoid or remove the cause of nonperformance and shall continue performance hereunder immediately upon the removal of such causes.

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ARTICLE XII
LIABILITY, EXCULPATION, INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE
          12.01. Liability
          (a) General. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and no Member or Covered Person shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member or Covered Person.
          (b) Liability for Amounts Distributed. The Members hereby agree that, except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, no Member shall have an obligation to return money or other property paid or distributed to such Member whether or not such distribution was in violation of the Delaware Act. The agreement set forth in the immediately preceding sentence shall be deemed to be a compromise for purposes of §18-502(b) of the Delaware Act. However, if any court of competent jurisdiction holds that, notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, any Member is obligated to make any such return, such obligation shall be the obligation of such Member and not of any other Person.
          12.02. Duties and Liabilities of Covered Person; Exculpation
          (a) No Member or Covered Person shall be liable or accountable in damages or otherwise to the Company or to any Member for any loss or liability arising out of any act or omission on behalf of the Company taken or omitted by such Member or Covered Person, so long as such act or omission did not constitute Disabling Conduct and is otherwise in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
          (b) Each Member and Covered Person shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Company and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company by any Person as to matters the Member or Covered Person believes are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company, including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of assets, liabilities, profits or losses or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which distributions to Members might properly be paid.
          12.03. Indemnification
          To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each of the Covered Persons from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, fines, taxes and interest and penalties thereon (other than taxes based on fees or other compensation received by such Covered Person from the Company), claims, demands, actions, suits, proceedings (whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or otherwise), costs, expenses and disbursements (including legal and accounting fees and expenses, costs of investigation and sums paid in settlement) of any kind or nature whatsoever (collectively, “Claims and Expenses”) which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted at any time against such Covered Person in any way related to or arising out of this

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Agreement, the Company or the management or administration of the Company or in connection with the business or affairs of the Company or the activities of such Covered Person on behalf of the Company; provided, that a Covered Person shall not be entitled to indemnification hereunder against Claims and Expenses that are determined to be primarily attributable to Disabling Conduct of such Person.
          12.04. Advancement of Expenses
          To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Company shall pay the expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses and costs of investigation) incurred by a Covered Person in defending any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that such Covered Person is or was acting on behalf, or at the request, of the Company (other than a claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding brought by the Company against a Member for such Member’s material breach or violation of this Agreement) as such expenses are incurred by such Covered Person and in advance of the final disposition of such matter, provided that such Covered Person undertakes to repay such expenses if it is determined by agreement between such Covered Person and the Company or, in the absence of such an agreement, by a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction that such Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified pursuant to Section 12.03 hereof. Any claim for advancement of expenses shall set forth in reasonable detail the basis for the claim.
          12.05. Notice of Proceedings
          Promptly after receipt by a Covered Person of notice of the commencement of any proceeding against such Covered Person, such Covered Person shall, if a claim for indemnification in respect thereof is to be made against the Company, give written notice to the President of the Company and the Members’ Committee of the commencement of such proceeding, provided that the failure of a Covered Person to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the Company of its obligations under Sections 12.03 and 12.04 hereof, except to the extent that the Company is prejudiced by such failure to give notice. In case any such proceeding is brought against a Covered Person (other than a proceeding by or in the right of the Company), after the Company has acknowledged in writing its obligation to indemnify and hold harmless the Covered Person, the Company will be entitled to assume the defense of such proceeding; provided, that (i) the Covered Person shall be entitled to participate in such proceeding and to retain its own counsel at its own expense, and (ii) if the Covered Person shall give notice to the Company that in its good faith judgment certain claims made against it in such proceeding could have a material adverse effect on the Covered Person or its Affiliates other than as a result of monetary damages, the Covered Person shall have the right to control (at its own expense and with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company) the defense of such specific claims with respect to the Covered Person (but not with respect to the Company or any other Member); and provided, further, that if a Covered Person elects to control the defense of a specific claim with respect to such Covered Person, such Covered Person shall not consent to the entry of a judgment or enter into a settlement that would require the Company to pay any amounts under Section 12.03 hereof without the prior written consent of the Company, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld. After notice from the Company to such Covered Person acknowledging the Company’s obligation to indemnify and hold harmless the Covered Person and electing to assume the defense of such proceeding, the Company will not be liable for expenses subsequently incurred by such Covered Person in connection with the defense thereof.

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Without the consent of such Covered Person, the Company will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Covered Person of a release from all liability arising out of the proceeding and claims asserted therein. Any decision that is required to be made by the Company pursuant to Section 12.03 or 12.04 hereof or this Section 12.05 shall be made on behalf of the Company by the unanimous affirmative vote of the Members’ Committee.
          12.06. Insurance
          The Company shall purchase and maintain directors’ and officers’ errors and omissions insurance, to the extent and in such amounts as the Members’ Committee shall, in its discretion, deem reasonable.
ARTICLE XIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
          13.01. No Publicity or Advertisement Without Prior Consultation
          Except after consultation with the other parties to this Agreement, none of the Members or the Company shall, and each of the parties shall use its reasonable efforts to assure that none of its officers, directors, employees, agents or advisors shall, publicize, advertise, announce or describe to any governmental entity or other third person, the terms of this Agreement, the parties hereto or the transactions contemplated hereby, except as it believes in good faith to be required by applicable law, regulation, or stock market rules or as permitted pursuant to this Agreement.
          13.02. Severability
          Any portion or provision of this Agreement which is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability, without affecting in any way the remaining portions or provisions hereof in such jurisdiction or, to the extent permitted by law, rendering that or any other portion or provision hereof invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any other jurisdiction.
          13.03. Article and Section Headings, Schedules and Exhibits
          The Article and Section headings included in this Agreement are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement. Schedules and Exhibits referred to in this Agreement are an integral part of this Agreement.
          13.04. Counterparts
          This Agreement and any documents executed pursuant hereto may be executed in any number of counterparts, each one of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute one and the same document.
          13.05. Gender and Number

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          In this Agreement (unless the context requires otherwise), the masculine, feminine and neuter genders and the singular and the plural include one another.
          13.06. Expenses
          Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, the parties shall each bear their own fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (including without limitation all fees and expenses of counsel).
          13.07. Notices
          All notices given pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing and be personally delivered or mailed with postage prepaid, by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to the address set forth below or such other address as a party may from time to time specify in writing to the other party. If so mailed and also sent by telegram or facsimile machine, the notice will conclusively be deemed to have been received on the business day next occurring 48 hours after the latest to occur of such mailing and telegraphic or facsimile communication; otherwise, no notice shall be deemed given until it actually arrives at the address in question. The addressees to which notices are initially to be sent are as follows:
     (a)     If to Arbitron:
Arbitron Inc.
142 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
Attention: President
Facsimile No.: (212) 887-1401
With a copy to:

Arbitron Inc.
9705 Patuxent Woods Drive
Columbia, MD 21046
Attn: General Counsel
Fax: (410) 312-8613
     (b)     If to TNC-NMR:
Nielsen Media Research, Inc.
770 Broadway
New York, NY 10036
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No.: (646) 654-8318
               With a copy to:
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
425 Lexington Ave.

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New York, NY 10017
Attention: Peter Malloy
Facsimile No. (212) 455-2502
          13.08. No Third Party Beneficiaries
          No employee of the Company (or his/her spouse or beneficiary), or any other Person not a party to this Agreement, shall be entitled to assert any claim hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit only of the parties hereto and their respective successors. Notwithstanding any other provisions to the contrary except with respect to such successors, it is not intended and shall not be construed for the benefit of any third party or any Person not a signatory hereto. In no event shall this Agreement constitute a third party beneficiary contract.
          13.09. Governing Law; Arbitration
          This Agreement is governed by, and is to be construed and interpreted in accordance with, the law of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration in New York, New York, in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the parties, the arbitration panel shall have no authority to amend or contravene this Agreement, to expand or otherwise modify the scope of the Business of the Company or to make any award or finding contrary to the provisions of an applicable Approved Budget or Approved Business Plan. Judgment on the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
          13.10. Modifications, Amendments or Waivers
          Except as otherwise provided herein, provisions of this Agreement may be modified, amended or waived only by a written document specifically identifying this Agreement and signed by a duly authorized executive officer of each Member.
          13.11. Assignment, Successors and Assigns
          Except as set forth in Section 9.01 hereof, without the other Member’s written consent, this Agreement and the rights and obligations hereunder, shall not be assignable by any Member. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties hereto.
          13.12. Remedies
          The obligations of the Members under this Agreement are unique. The parties acknowledge that it would be extremely impracticable to measure damages resulting from any default under this Agreement. Accordingly, it is agreed that a Member not in default under this Agreement may bring a claim in equity for specific performance, in addition to any other available rights and remedies.

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          13.13 Status of Option Agreement Nothing in this Agreement shall affect or limit the rights of TNC-NMR under the Original Option Agreement. TNC-NMR and Arbitron acknowledge and agree that Amendment No. 2 has expired and the option under Section 2.4 of the Original Option Agreement has expired pursuant to the Agreement dated February 6, 2006.
          13.14. Joint Preparation
          This Agreement has been jointly prepared by the Members and the provisions of this Agreement shall not be construed more strictly against any Member as a result of its participation in such preparation.
          13.15. Entire Agreement
          Subject to Section 13.13 hereof, this Agreement (including the Schedules and Exhibits hereto) and the Related Agreements constitute the entire agreement of the Members with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous oral agreements, understandings and negotiations between the Members with respect to the subject matter hereof, except that the provisions of Section 5.2 and Articles XI and XII of the Cost-Sharing Agreement and any rights and obligations accrued thereunder to the Execution Date hereof shall continue in full force and effect. Further, this Agreement shall not be deemed to modify or affect any rights (i) under the Confidentiality Agreement dated March 22, 2002 and (ii) under the trilateral Mutual Non-Disclosure Agreement with The Procter and Gamble Company dated April 30, 2004. Arbitron and TNC-NMR acknowledge and agree that the Joint Development and Commercialization Agreement with P&G dated September 27, 2004 has expired and is null and void.
          13.16. Further Assurances. Each Member shall fully and faithfully carry out all its respective agreements and covenants expressly set forth in this Agreement. Each of the Members agrees to execute, acknowledge and deliver such additional documents and take such further actions, as may reasonably be required from time to time to carry out each of the provisions, and the intent, of this Agreement, and every agreement or document relating hereto, entered into in connection herewith.
[End of text; the signature page follows]

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          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the members hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives, effective as of the day and year first above written.
         
  ARBITRON INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Stephen B. Morris    
    Name:   Stephen B. Morris   
    Its: President and Chief Executive Officer   
 
  NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ John A. Dimling    
    Name:   John A. Dimling   
    Its:   

EX-21 4 w30393exv21.htm EX-21 exv21
 

Exhibit 21
ARBITRON INC.
SUBSIDIARIES
     
    State or
    Other Jurisdiction
Subsidiaries and Their Affiliates:   of Incorporation
Arbitron Holdings Inc.
  Delaware
Arbitron International, LLC (1)
  Delaware
CSW Research Limited (2)
  United Kingdom
Euro Fieldwork Limited (3)
  United Kingdom
Ceridian Infotech (India) Private Limited
  India
Audience Research Bureau S.A. de C.V.
  Mexico
 
(1)   Arbitron International, LLC is a subsidiary of Arbitron Inc. and Arbitron Holdings, Inc.
 
(2)   CSW Research Limited is a subsidiary of Arbitron Holdings, Inc.
 
(3)   Euro Fieldwork Limited is a subsidiary of CSW Research Limited.

EX-23 5 w30393exv23.htm EX-23 exv23
 

Exhibit 23
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors
Arbitron Inc.:
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 333-82522) on Form S-3 and registration statements (Nos. 33-49601, 33-61551, 33-34035, 2-9757, 33-56833, 33-54379, 33-56325, 33-62319, 33-64913, 333-01793, 333-01887, 333-03661, 333-28069, 333-58143, 333-58145, 333-66643, 333-50757, 333-83455, 333-89565, 333-39384, 333-56296, 333-56826, 333-85492 and 333-124663) on Form S-8 of Arbitron Inc. of our reports dated February 27, 2007, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Arbitron Inc., as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity (deficit), comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, and the related financial statement schedule, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, which reports appear in the December 31, 2006 annual report on Form 10-K of Arbitron Inc.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Baltimore, Maryland
February 27, 2007

 

EX-24 6 w30393exv24.htm EX-24 exv24
 

Exhibit 24
POWER OF ATTORNEY
     The undersigned, a Director of Arbitron Inc. (the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, does hereby make, nominate and appoint SEAN R. CREAMER and TIM SMITH, and each of them, to be my attorney-in-fact for six months from the date hereof, with full power and authority to execute for and on behalf of the undersigned the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided that such Form 10-K is first reviewed by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and by my attorney-in-fact, and his/her name, when thus signed, shall have the same force and effect as though I had manually signed such Form 10-K.
     I have signed this Power of Attorney as of February 21, 2007.
         
 
  /s/ Alan W. Aldworth    
 
       
 
  Alan W. Aldworth    
 
       
 
  /s/ Shellye L. Archambeau    
 
       
 
  Shellye L. Archambeau    
 
       
 
  /s/ Philip Guarascio    
 
       
 
  Philip Guarascio    
 
       
 
  /s/ Larry E. Kittelberger    
 
       
 
  Larry E. Kittelberger    
 
       
 
  /s/ Luis G. Nogales    
 
       
 
  Luis G. Nogales    
 
       
 
  /s/ Lawrence Perlman    
 
       
 
  Lawrence Perlman    
 
       
 
  /s/ Richard A. Post    
 
       
 
  Richard A. Post    

 

EX-31.1 7 w30393exv31w1.htm EX-31.1 exv31w1
 

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Stephen B. Morris, President and Chief Executive Officer of Arbitron Inc., certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arbitron Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  (a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  (a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
         
Date: February 27, 2007
  /s/ Stephen B. Morris    
 
       
 
  Stephen B. Morris    
 
  President and Chief Executive Officer    

 

EX-31.2 8 w30393exv31w2.htm EX-31.2 exv31w2
 

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Sean R. Creamer, Executive Vice President, Finance and Planning and Chief Financial Officer of Arbitron Inc. certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arbitron Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  (a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  (a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
         
Date:  February 27, 2007
  /s/ Sean R. Creamer
 
   
 
  Sean R. Creamer    
 
  Executive Vice President of Finance and    
 
  Planning and Chief Financial Officer    

EX-32.1 9 w30393exv32w1.htm EX-32.1 exv32w1
 

Exhibit 32.1
WRITTEN STATEMENT OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
The undersigned, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Arbitron Inc. (the “Company”), each hereby certifies that, to his knowledge, on the date hereof:
(a)   the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Annual Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
 
(b)   the information contained in the Annual Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
         
 
  /s/ Stephen B. Morris
 
 Stephen B. Morris
   
 
  Chief Executive Officer    
 
  Date:   February 27, 2007    
 
       
 
  /s/ Sean R. Creamer
 
 Sean R. Creamer
   
 
  Chief Financial Officer    
 
  Date:   February 27, 2007    

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