10-Q 1 v192790_10q.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2010.

OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                        to                        .

Commission File Number: 0-22219

FIRST SOUTH BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Virginia
 
56-1999749
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(IRS Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)

1311 Carolina Avenue, Washington, North Carolina 27889
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

(252) 946-4178
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes  x                No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes o          No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See definition of “large accelerated filer,”  “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one)

Large Accelerated Filer o
 
Accelerated Filer   x
Non-Accelerated Filer o
 
Smaller Reporting Company o
(Do not check if a Smaller Reporting Company)
   
 
Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o        No  x

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of August 6, 2010: 9,743,971
 

 
CONTENTS

   
PAGE
PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
   
       
Item 1.
Financial Statements
   
       
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2010
   
 
(unaudited) and December 31, 2009
 
 1
       
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended
   
 
June 30, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)
 
 2
       
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Six Months ended
   
 
June 30, 2010 (unaudited)
 
 3
       
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months ended
   
 
June 30, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)
 
 4
       
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
 
 5
       
 
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
   
 
Results of Operation
 
11
       
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
19
       
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
 
19
       
PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION
   
       
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 
20
       
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
20
       
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
21
       
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
21
       
Item 4.
[Reserved]
 
21
       
Item 5.
Other Information
 
21
       
Item 6.
Exhibits
 
21
       
Signatures
 
22
       
Exhibits
   
 

 
PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.  Financial Statements.

First South Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009*
 
 
 
(unaudited)
       
Assets            
Cash and due from banks
  $ 17,374,290     $ 17,758,370  
Interest-bearing deposits in financial institutions
    17,363,166       11,879,794  
Investment securities - available for sale
    0       407,317  
Mortgage-backed securities - available for sale
    92,180,716       96,725,468  
Mortgage-backed securities - held for investment
    377,886       513,882  
Loans and leases receivable, net:
               
Held for sale
    5,489,717       6,548,980  
Held for investment
    639,367,915       652,106,538  
Premises and equipment, net
    9,239,594       8,539,759  
Other real estate owned
    8,451,905       10,561,071  
Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta stock, at cost which approximates market
    3,889,500       3,889,500  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,936,167       3,318,141  
Goodwill
    4,218,576       4,218,576  
Mortgage servicing rights
    1,267,915       1,278,688  
Identifiable intangible assets
    117,900       133,620  
Income tax receivable
    2,057,614       1,831,598  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    8,437,655       10,179,333  
Total assets
  $ 812,770,516     $ 829,890,635  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
               
Deposits:
               
Demand
  $ 224,949,564     $ 224,507,362  
Savings
    25,155,189       23,137,391  
Large denomination certificates of deposit
    227,899,105       224,198,974  
Other time
    216,536,319       216,667,331  
Total deposits
    694,540,177       688,511,058  
Borrowed money
    12,665,012       37,380,388  
Junior subordinated debentures
    10,310,000       10,310,000  
Other liabilities
    8,145,185       7,475,085  
Total liabilities
    725,660,374       743,676,531  
                 
Common stock, $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 11,254,222 issued; 9,743,971 and 9,742,296  shares outstanding, respectively
    97,440       97,423  
Additional paid-in capital
    35,858,430       35,841,364  
Retained earnings, substantially restricted
    81,321,585       82,111,114  
Treasury stock at cost
    (32,122,465 )     (32,158,074 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net
    1,955,152       322,277  
Total stockholders' equity
    87,110,142       86,214,104  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $ 812,770,516     $ 829,890,635  

*Derived from audited consolidated financial statements

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
1

 

First South Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
June 30
   
June 30
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Interest income:
                       
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 9,792,800     $ 11,564,315     $ 19,901,754     $ 23,265,950  
Interest and dividends on investments and deposits
    1,036,289       877,624       2,078,562       1,746,709  
Total interest income
    10,829,089       12,441,939       21,980,316       25,012,659  
                                 
Interest expense:
                               
Interest on deposits
    2,094,488       4,098,542       4,248,126       8,277,479  
Interest on borrowings
    81,071       340,951       220,167       680,751  
Interest on junior subordinated notes
    82,768       106,870       162,784       217,308  
Total interest expense
    2,258,327       4,546,363       4,631,077       9,175,538  
                                 
Net interest income
    8,570,762       7,895,576       17,349,239       15,837,121  
Provision for credit losses
    2,070,000       1,700,000       4,490,000       3,220,000  
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    6,500,762       6,195,576       12,859,239       12,617,121  
                                 
Non-interest income:
                               
Fees and service charges
    1,795,404       1,891,452       3,425,920       3,641,937  
Loan servicing fees
    187,046       164,164       366,780       322,828  
Gain (loss) on sale of other real estate, net
    21,223       5,285       33,720       (74,448 )
Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    173,428       430,218       365,525       688,102  
Gain on sale of mortgage-backed securities
    455,399       -       935,481       -  
Gain on sale of investment securities
    2,406       452,344       2,406       917,866  
Other  income
    195,717       269,067       394,963       536,768  
Total non-interest income
    2,830,623       3,212,530       5,524,795       6,033,053  
                                 
Non-interest expense:
                               
Compensation and fringe benefits
    4,115,034       3,591,503       7,806,236       6,999,175  
Federal deposit insurance premiums
    286,614       540,046       583,879       680,209  
Premises and equipment
    438,565       455,940       897,750       919,855  
Advertising
    33,851       40,176       65,414       63,017  
Payroll and other taxes
    340,096       335,373       716,710       687,094  
Data processing
    644,671       604,654       1,263,068       1,203,669  
Amortization of intangible assets
    107,475       135,460       224,960       249,330  
Other
    774,633       810,192       1,683,096       1,712,910  
Total non-interest expense
    6,740,939       6,513,344       13,241,113       12,515,259  
                                 
Income before income taxes
    2,590,446       2,894,762       5,142,921       6,134,915  
                                 
Income taxes
    1,032,084       1,134,884       2,034,862       2,370,519  
                                 
Net income
  $ 1,558,362     $ 1,759,878     $ 3,108,059     $ 3,764,396  
                                 
Per share data:
                               
Basic earnings per share
  $ 0.16     $ 0.18     $ 0.32     $ 0.39  
Diluted earnings per share
  $ 0.16     $ 0.18     $ 0.32     $ 0.39  
Dividends per share
  $ 0.20     $ 0.20     $ 0.40     $ 0.40  
Weighted average shares-Basic
    9,743,971       9,738,096       9,743,244       9,738,096  
Weighted average shares-Diluted
    9,744,679       9,738,096       9,743,598       9,738,096  

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
2

 

First South Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
(unaudited)

                           
Accumulated
       
               
Retained
         
Other
       
         
Additional
   
Earnings,
         
Comprehensive
       
   
Common
   
Paid-in
   
Substantially
   
Treasury
   
Income,
       
   
Stock
   
Capital
   
Restricted
   
Stock
   
Net
   
Total
 
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2009
  $ 97,423     $ 35,841,364     $ 82,111,114     $ (32,158,074 )   $ 322,277     $ 86,214,104  
                                                 
Net income
                    3,108,059                       3,108,059  
                                                 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes
                                    1,632,875       1,632,875  
                                                 
Exercise of stock options
    17       (26,414 )             35,609               9,212  
                                                 
Stock based compensation
            43,480                               43,480  
                                                 
Dividends ($0.40 per share)
                    (3,897,588 )                     (3,897,588 )
                                                 
Balance, June 30, 2010
  $ 97,440     $ 35,858,430     $ 81,321,585     $ (32,122,465 )   $ 1,955,152     $ 87,110,142  

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
3

 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)

   
Six Months Ended
 
   
June 30
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Operating activities:
           
Net income
  $ 3,108,059     $ 3,764,396  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Provision for credit losses
    4,490,000       3,220,000  
Depreciation
    378,374       428,268  
Amortization of intangibles
    224,960       249,330  
Accretion of discounts on securities, net
    -       (64,444 )
Loss (gain) on disposal of premises and equipment and other real estate owned
    (37,016 )     73,883  
Gain on sale of loans held for sale
    (365,525 )     (688,102 )
Gain on sale of mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    (935,481 )     -  
Gain on sale of investment securities available for sale
    (2,406 )     (917,866 )
Stock based compensation expense
    43,480       28,156  
Originations of loans held for sale, net
    (30,554,989 )     (73,006,800 )
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale
    17,141,501       9,830,718  
Other operating activities
    3,023,102       (2,253,803 )
Net cash used in operating activities
    (3,485,941 )     (59,336,264 )
Investing activities:
               
Proceeds from maturity of investment securities available for sale
    -       10,000,000  
Proceeds from sale of investment securities available for sale
    507,406       20,917,866  
Proceeds from sale of mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    17,440,693       -  
Proceeds from principal repayments of mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    5,479,099       6,782,625  
Proceeds from principal repayments of mortgage-backed securities held for investment
    135,996       185,080  
Originations of loans held for investment, net of principal repayments
    4,726,260       35,075,702  
Proceeds from disposal of premises and equipment and other real estate owned
    3,948,286       4,029,626  
Purchase of investment securities
    -       (5,000,000 )
Purchase of FHLB stock
    -       (230,900 )
Purchase of premises and equipment
    (1,078,209 )     (92,327 )
Net cash provided by investing activities
    31,159,531       71,667,672  
Financing activities:
               
Net increase in deposit accounts
    6,029,119       14,584,523  
Net decrease in FHLB borrowings
    (25,000,000 )     -  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of tax benefit
    9,212       -  
Cash paid for dividends
    (3,897,253 )     (3,895,238 )
Net change in repurchase agreements
    284,624       (2,863,008 )
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities
    (22,574,298 )     7,826,277  
                 
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    5,099,292       20,157,685  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    29,638,164       26,720,359  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 34,737,456     $ 46,878,044  
                 
Supplemental disclosures:
               
Other real estate acquired in settlement of loans
  $ 3,522,363     $ 8,150,331  
Dividends declared, not paid
  $ 1,948,794     $ 1,947,619  
Exchange of loans for mortgage-backed securities
  $ 14,838,276     $ 56,242,195  

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
4

 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1.  Basis of Presentation.  The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented are included, none of which are other than normal recurring accruals.  The financial statements of First South Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and First South Bank (the “Bank”) are presented on a consolidated basis.  The results of operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Note 2.  Earnings Per Share.  Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 are based on weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, excluding treasury shares.  Diluted earnings per share include the potentially dilutive effect of the Company’s stock option plans.  For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2010 there were 708 and 354 stock options respectively, that were dilutive because their exercise price exceeded the average market price of the Company’s common stock, compared to none that were dilutive for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Note 3. Allowance for Credit Losses.  Activity in the allowance for credit losses, including the allowances for loan and lease losses and unfunded loan commitments, is summarized as follows:

   
Allowance for
Loan and
 Lease Losses
   
Allowance for
Unfunded
Commitments
   
Allowance For
 Credit Losses
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 13,503,940     $ 240,282     $ 13,744,222  
Provision for credit losses
    2,420,000       -       2,420,000  
Reclassification
    62,313       (62,313 )     -  
Loans and leases charged-off
    (2,841,550 )     -       (2,841,550 )
Loans and leases recovered
    76,409       -       76,409  
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries
    (2,765,141 )     -       (2,765,141 )
Balance at March 31, 2010
    13,221,112       177,969       13,399,081  
Provision for credit losses
    2,070,000       -       2,070,000  
Reclassification
    6,733       (6,733 )     -  
Loans and leases charged-off
    (7,532,178 )     -       (7,532,178 )
Loans and leases recovered
    185,626       -       185,626  
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries
    (7,346,552 )     -       (7,346,552 )
Balance at June 30, 2010
  $ 7,951,293     $ 171,236     $ 8,122,529  

 
 
June 30,
2010
   
December 31,
 2009
 
Allowance for Credit Losses Ratios                
Allowances for loan and lease losses/total loans and leases
    1.21 %     2.00 %
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments/unfunded commitments
    0.20 %     0.27 %
Allowance for credit losses/total loans and leases
    1.24 %     2.04 %

5

 
Note 4. Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income includes net income and all other changes to the Company's equity, with the exception of transactions with shareholders ("other comprehensive income").  The Company's only component of other comprehensive income is unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities.  Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities are primarily impacted by purchases and sales of available for sale securities and changes in interest rates between the respective reporting periods.  Information concerning other comprehensive income for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 is as follows:

   
Three Months
Ended
 6/30/10
   
Three Months
Ended
 6/30/09
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/09
 
Net income
  $ 1,558,362     $ 1,759,878     $ 3,108,059     $ 3,764,396  
Reclassification of gain on sale of securities
    457,805       452,344       937,887       917,866  
Gains (losses) unrealized, net of income taxes
    1,060,054       (1,359,030 )     694,988       (1,927,840 )
Other comprehensive income (loss)
    1,517,859       (906,686 )     1,632,875       (1,009,974 )
Comprehensive income
  $ 3,076,221     $ 853,192     $ 4,740,934     $ 2,754,422  

Note 5.  Stock-Based Compensation.   The Company had two stock-based compensation plans at June 30, 2010.  Shares outstanding are for grants under the Company’s 1997 Stock Option Plan (the “1997 Plan”) and the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”) (collectively, the “Plans”). The 1997 Plan matured on April 8, 2008 and no additional options may be granted under that plan.  At June 30, 2010, the 1997 Plan had 123,741 granted unexercised shares. At June 30, 2010, the 2008 Plan includes 73,000 granted unexercised shares and 885,000 shares available to be granted. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, no restricted shares were granted under the 2008 Plan.

Stock options expire ten years from the date of grant and vest over service periods ranging from one year to five years.  Options granted under the 2008 Plan are granted at the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market on the date of grant. The Company settles stock option exercises with treasury shares.

The net compensation cost charged against income for the Plans was $20,782 and $43,481 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, and $17,388 and $28,157 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. As of June 30, 2010, total unrecognized compensation cost on granted unexercised shares was $239,861. That cost is expected to be recognized during the next 3.5 years.

No income tax benefits were recognized from the exercise of stock options in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 or 2009.

There was no intrinsic value of options exercised during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, as no options were exercised, compared to $11,357 of intrinsic value during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

The average fair value of options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 was $4.58 and $4.25, compared to $4.06 and $3.55 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used for grants in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
 
6

 
   
Three Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Three Months
Ended
6/30/09
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/09
 
Dividend growth rate
    5.3 %     5.3 %     5.3 %     5.3 %
Expected volatility
    36.5 %     37.0 %     36.6 %     36.1 %
Average risk-free interest rate
    2.8 %     3.2 %     3.1 %     2.5 %
Expected lives - years
    6       6       6       6  

A summary of option activity under the Plans as of June 30, 2010 and 2009, and changes during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, is presented below:

 
 
Options
Outstanding
   
Price
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 
Period Ended June 30, 2010:                      
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
    171,770     $ 16.04        
Granted
    27,000     $ 11.11        
Forfeited
    (3,500 )   $ 18.02        
Exercised
     (1,675 )   $ 5.50        
Outstanding at March 31, 2010
    193,595     $ 15.41     $ (562,874 )
Granted
    7,000     $ 12.29          
Forfeited
    (3,854 )   $ 16.03          
Exercised
    0     $ 0.00          
Outstanding at June 30, 2010
    196,741     $ 15.28     $ (919,650 )
Vested and Exercisable at June 30, 2010
    122,958     $ 16.24     $ (692,240 )
                         
Period Ended June 30, 2009:
                       
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
    172,295     $ 17.52          
Granted
    15,000     $ 9.73          
Forfeited
    (1,375 )   $ 28.79          
Exercised
    0     $ 0.00          
Outstanding at March 31, 2009
    185,920     $ 16.81     $ (1,150,476 )
Granted
    3,000     $ 10.71          
Forfeited
    0     $ 0.00          
Exercised
    0     $ 0.00          
Outstanding at June 30, 2009
    188,920     $ 16.71     $ (1,150,746 )
Vested and Exercisable at June 30, 2009
    135,845     $ 16.14     $ (616,806 )

A summary of nonvested option shares as of June 30, 2010 and 2009, and changes during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, is presented below:

 
 
Shares
   
Price
 
Period Ended June 30, 2010:                
Nonvested at December 31, 2009
    58,158     $ 16.16  
Granted
    27,000     $ 11.11  
Forfeited
    (3,500 )   $ 18.02  
Vested
    (8,950 )   $ 16.05  
Nonvested at March 31, 2010
    72,708     $ 14.21  
Granted
    7,000     $ 12.29  
Forfeited
    (2,500 )   $ 12.95  
Vested
    (3,425 )   $ 22.31  
Nonvested at June 30, 2010
    73,783     $ 13.69  
                 
Period Ended June 30, 2009:
               
Nonvested at December 31, 2008
    43,275     $ 22.68  
Granted
    15,000     $ 9.73  
Forfeited
    0     $ 0.00  
Vested
    (4,150 )   $ 24.22  
Nonvested at March 31, 2009
    54,125     $ 18.97  
Granted
    3,000     $ 10.71  
Forfeited
    0     $ 0.00  
Vested
    (4,050 )   $ 23.34  
Nonvested at June 30, 2009
    53,075     $ 18.17  
 
7

 
The following table summarizes additional information about the Company’s outstanding options and exercisable options as of June 30, 2010, including weighted-average remaining contractual term expressed in years ("Life") and weighted average exercise price (“Price”):

   
Outstanding
   
Exercisable
 
Range of Exercise Price
 
Shares
   
Life
   
Price
   
Shares
   
Price
 
$6.17 – 13.82
    96,408       6.38     $ 10.27       39,408     $ 8.65  
$14.97 – 16.49
    36,208       2.57     $ 16.09       36,208     $ 16.09  
$16.77 – 25.22
    50,875       6.63     $ 20.68       35,792     $ 20.71  
$26.17 – 33.27
    13,250       5.59     $ 28.82       11,550     $ 28.73  
      196,741       5.69     $ 15.28       122,958     $ 16.24  

The fair value compensation cost recognition provisions for share based payments are different from the recognition provisions and the intrinsic value method for recording compensation cost. The following table reflects the net impact of fair value compensation cost recognition on income before income taxes, net income, basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
   
Three
Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Three
Months
Ended
 6/30/09
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/09
 
Reduced net income before income taxes
  $ 20,782     $ 17,388     $ 43,481     $ 28,157  
Reduced net income
  $ 20,030     $ 17,316     $ 42,424     $ 28,085  
Reduced basic earnings per share
  $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00  
Reduced diluted earnings per share
  $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00  

Note 6.  Fair Value Hierarchy.  A fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value of nonfinancial assets and liabilities. The inputs are evaluated and an overall level for the fair value measurement is determined. This overall level is an indication of the market observability of the fair value measurement. Financial accounting standards clarify fair value in terms of the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell an asset or transfer a liability in the principal (or most advantageous) market for the asset or liability at the measurement date (an exit price). In order to determine the fair value or the exit price, the Bank must determine the unit of account, highest and best use, principal market, and market participants.  These determinations allow the Bank to define the inputs for fair value and level of hierarchy.  Outlined below is the application of the fair value hierarchy to the Bank’s financial assets that are carried at fair value.
 
8

 
Level 1-inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available. The type of assets carried at Level 1 fair value generally includes investments such as U. S. Treasury and U. S. government agency securities.

Level 2-inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and price quotations can vary substantially either over time or among market makers. The type of assets carried at Level 2 fair value generally includes investment securities such as Government Sponsored Enterprises (“GSEs”) and the Bank’s investment in other real estate owned.

Level 3-inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable to the extent that observable inputs are not available.  Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances and might include the Bank’s own assumptions.  The Bank shall not ignore information about market participant assumptions that is reasonably available without undue cost and effort. The type of assets carried at Level 3 fair value generally include investments backed by non-traditional mortgage loans or certain state or local housing agency obligations,  of which the Bank has no such assets or liabilities.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2010 and 2009:

         
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
Description
 
6/30/10
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Available for sale securities:
                       
Investment
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Mortgage-backed
    92,180,716       -       92,180,716       -  
Total June 30, 2010
  $ 92,180,716     $ -     $ 92,180,716     $ -  

         
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
 
Description
 
6/30/09
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Available for sale securities:
                       
Investment
  $ 10,464,294     $ -     $ 10,464,294     $ -  
Mortgage-backed
    80,949,144       -       80,949,144       -  
Total June 30, 2009
  $ 91,413,438     $ -     $ 91,413,438     $ -  

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of June 30, 2010 and 2009:

         
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
Description
 
6/30/10
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Impaired loans, net
  $ 15,499,732     $ -     $ 15,499,732     $ -  
Other real estate owned
    8,451,905       -       8,451,905       -  
Total June 30, 2010
  $ 23,951,637     $ -     $ 23,951,637     $ -  
 
9

 
         
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
Description
 
6/30/09
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
Impaired loans, net
  $ 9,133,922     $ -     $ 9,133,922     $ -  
Other real estate owned
    10,407,831       -       10,407,831       -  
Total June 30, 2009
  $ 19,541,753     $ -     $ 19,951,753     $ -  

Quoted market price for similar assets in active markets is the valuation technique for determining fair value of available for sale securities. Unrealized gains on available for sale securities are included in the “accumulated other comprehensive income” component of the Stockholders’ Equity section of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, when a loan is considered impaired, an impairment write down is taken, based on the estimated fair value of the loan. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, market value of similar debt, enterprise value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring a write down represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. Impaired loans where a write down is taken based on fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company classifies the impaired loan as non-recurring Level 3.

Other real estate owned (“OREO”) acquired through loan foreclosure is recorded at fair value upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed assets, based on the appraised market value of the property. Subsequently, foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. When fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company classifies the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level 3.  Fair value adjustments of $686,362 and $1,704,200 were made to OREO during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $65,000 and $1,851,580 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Net gains (losses) realized and included in earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 are reported in other revenues as follows:

   
Three
Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Three
Months
Ended
 6/30/09
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/10
   
Six Months
Ended
6/30/09
 
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate, net
  $ 21,223     $ 5,285     $ 33,720     $ (74,448 )

No liabilities were measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis during the three and six months periods ended June 30, 2010 or 2009.
 
10

 
Item 2.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.
First South Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") was formed for the purpose of issuing common stock and owning 100% of the stock of First South Bank (the "Bank") and operating through the Bank a commercial banking business.  Therefore, the discussion below focuses primarily on the Bank's results of operations.  The Bank has one significant operating segment, the providing of general commercial banking services to its markets located in the state of North Carolina.  The Company’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "FSBK".

Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.  Total assets were $812.8 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $829.9 million at December 31, 2009. Earning assets were $740.7 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $761.9 million at December 31, 2009, reflecting the net change in the composition of earning assets, as further discussed below. Earning assets were 91.1% of total assets at June 30, 2010, compared to 91.8% at December 31, 2009.

Interest-bearing overnight deposits in financial institutions were $17.4 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $11.9 million at December 31, 2009.  Overnight funds are available to fund loan originations, liquidity management activities and support daily operations of the Bank.

No investment securities were held as available for sale at June 30, 2010, compared to $407,000 at December 31, 2009.  There were no maturities of investment securities available for sale during the quarters ended June 30, 2010, compared to $10.0 million of maturities for both the three and six months ended June 30,  2009.  The Bank sold $507,000 of investment securities available for sale during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $10.5 million and $20.9 million sold during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Mortgage-backed securities available for sale were $92.2 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $96.7 million at December 31, 2009. The Bank may sell mortgage-backed securities to support a more balanced sensitivity to future interest rate changes and may securitize mortgage loans held for sale into mortgage-backed securities to support adequate liquidity levels.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, the Bank sold $9.0 million and $17.4 million of mortgage-backed securities available for sale, compared to none for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, $6.0 million and $14.8 million of mortgage loans held for sale were securitized into mortgage-backed securities available for sale, compared to $34.9 million and $56.2 million securitized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Mortgage-backed securities held for investment were $378,000 at June 30, 2010, compared to $514,000 at December 31, 2009, reflecting scheduled principal payments.

Based on current market prices, unrealized gains on available for sale securities increased to $2.0 million at June 30, 2010, from $322,000 at December 31, 2009. See “Note 4. Comprehensive Income” of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)” for additional information.

Loans held for sale were $5.5 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $6.5 million at December 31, 2009. The Bank sells certain mortgage loans to support a more balanced sensitivity to future interest rate changes. Proceeds from loan sales were $7.8 million and $17.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $2.4 million and $9.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  Proceeds from loan sales are used to fund liquidity needs of the Bank, including new loan originations, repayment of borrowings, deposit outflows and general banking operations.  Loans serviced for others increased to $299.4 million at June 30, 2010, from $289.3 million at December 31, 2009.
 
11

 
Net loans and leases receivable held for investment declined to $639.4 million at June 30, 2010, from $652.1 million at December 31, 2009. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, certain loans held for investment were subjects of foreclosure and transferred to other real estate owned, as discussed below.  In addition, a portion of the proceeds from principal repayments on loans held for investment are also used to fund the liquidity needs of the Bank, as discussed above.

Non-accrual loans increased to $12.3 million at June 30, 2010, from $5.8 million at December 31, 2009, as the current economy continues to present a challenging credit environment for the Bank and its customers.  Restructured loans were $5.6 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $4.3 million at December 31, 2009.  The level of non-accrual and restructured loans is attributable to the current economic environment.  Downward pressure continues to be placed on the housing and real estate markets, significantly impacting credit quality of certain borrowers and property values in the Bank’s market area. Management believes it has thoroughly evaluated its non-performing loans and they are either well collateralized or adequately reserved. However, there can be no assurance in the future that regulators, increased risks in the loan portfolio, adverse changes in economic conditions or other factors will not require further adjustments to the allowance for credit losses.

Other real estate owned declined to $8.5 million at June 30, 2010, from $10.6 million at the December 31, 2009, reflecting the net of sales, new foreclosures of certain non-performing loans and fair value adjustments.  During the six month period ended June 30, 2010 there were $3.5 million of new foreclosures, $4.0 million of sales and $1.6 million of fair value adjustments. Other real estate owned consists of residential and commercial properties, developed building lots and a partially developed residential subdivision. The Bank believes the adjusted carrying values of these properties are representative of their fair market values, although there can be no assurances that the ultimate sales will be equal to or greater than the carrying values.  See “Note 6.  Fair Value Heirarchy” of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)” for additional information.

Deposits increased to $694.5 million at June 30, 2010, from $688.5 million at December 31, 2009.  Demand accounts (personal and business checking accounts and money market accounts) increased to $224.9 million at June 30, 2010, from $224.5 million at December 31, 2009.

Time deposits increased to $444.4 million at June 30, 2010, from $440.9 million at December 31, 2009.  During this period, the Bank chose to not match higher time deposit rates being offered by certain competitive financial institutions in its market area, in order to control its time deposit cost.  The Bank has been pricing new and maturing time deposits within the current lower rate environment, and combined with the growth of lower costing checking accounts, is effectively managing its deposit cost.  See “Interest Expense” below for additional information regarding the Bank’s cost of funds.

Borrowed money consisting of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and repurchase agreements declined to $12.7 million at June 30, 2010, from $37.4 million at December 31, 2009.  FHLB advances declined to $10.0 million at June 30, 2010, from $35.0 million at December 31, 2009, as the Bank repaid a $25.0 million, 3.0% fixed-rate advance.  Repurchase agreements (cash management accounts for commercial banking customers) increased to $2.7 million at June 30, 2010, from $2.4 million at December 31, 2009.

Stockholders' equity increased to $87.1 million at June 30, 2010, from $86.2 million at December 31, 2009, reflecting the net effect of earnings, dividend payments and changes in accumulated other comprehensive income.  The equity to assets ratio was 10.7% at June 30, 2010 compared to 10.4% at December 31, 2009.  See "Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity" for additional information.
 
12

 
Accumulated other comprehensive income increased $2.0 million at June 30, 2010, from $322,000 at December 31, 2009, reflecting the net change in unrealized gains on available for sale securities portfolio based on current market prices.  See “Note 4. Comprehensive Income” of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)” for additional information.

The Bank is subject to various capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies. At June 30, 2010, the Bank's regulatory capital ratios were in excess of all regulatory requirements and were the following: Total Risk-Based Capital – 13.62%; Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital – 12.37%; and Tier 1 Leverage Capital – 9.99%.  See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below for additional information.

On June 23, 2010, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.20 per share, payable July 22, 2010 to stockholders of record as of July 5, 2010.  This dividend payment represents a 125.0% payout ratio of the basic earnings per share for the quarter ended June 30, 2010, and is the Company's 53rd consecutive quarterly cash dividend.  The Board of Directors (the “Board”) determined the dividend payment rate was appropriate in consideration of the Company’s capital position and operating results.  Any future dividends will depend upon the Company’s financial condition, earnings, equity structure, capital needs, regulatory requirements and economic conditions.

The Company purchased none of its common stock during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. Common stock may be purchased through private or open market transactions pursuant to a stock repurchase plan adopted by the Board. Shares acquired through repurchase plans are held as treasury stock, at cost. At June 30, 2010, there were 1,510,251 treasury shares totaling $32.1 million, compared to 1,511,926 shares totaling $32.2 million at December 31, 2009.  Treasury shares are used for general purposes including the exercise of stock options and providing shares for potential future stock splits.

From December 31, 2009 to June 30, 2010, there were 1,675 shares of the Company’s common stock issued from the exercise of stock options.

Comparison of Operating Results - Three and Six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.  Net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 was $1.6 million and $3.1 million, compared to $1.8 million and $3.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Diluted earnings per share were $0.16 and $0.32 per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $0.18 and $0.39 per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Net earnings during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 were favorably impacted by an increase in net interest income, while being partially offset by the volume of provisions for credit losses to replenish net charge-offs.  The current economy continues to present a challenging credit environment for the Bank, for its customers and for the banking industry.  As the Bank addresses and manages through these challenges, it remains focused on long-term strategies.  These strategies include remediating problem assets, maintaining adequate levels of capital and liquidity, improving efficiency in our operations, building core customer relationships and improving our franchise value along with shareholder value.  The Bank remains profitable, continues to maintain a strong capital position in excess of the well-capitalized regulatory guidelines, and combined with strengthening of the allowance for credit losses should enhance future earnings as the current recessionary economic conditions substantially improve.

Key performance ratios are return on average assets (ROA), return on average equity (ROE), and efficiency.  ROA was .8% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to .8% and .9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  ROE was 7.2% and 7.1% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to 8.0% and 9.1% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The Company’s efficiency ratio was 59.1% and 57.8% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to 58.6% and 57.2% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.
 
13

 
Interest Income.  Interest income declined to $10.8 million and $22.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $12.4 million and $25.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The reduction in interest income volume is due primarily to the decline in interest rates during the comparative reporting periods and a decline in the volume of average interest-earning assets. Average interest-earning assets declined to $738.6 million and $742.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $816.2 million and $814.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The reduction in average interest-earning assets reflects the net impact of the decrease in loans held for investment, sales and maturities of investment and mortgage backed securities, the increase in other real estate owned and the volume of non-performing loans discussed above.  The yield on average interest-earning assets was 5.9% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to 6.1% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.   The yield on average interest-earning assets has been impacted by the decline in market interest rates and average interest-earning assets during the comparative reporting periods as discussed above.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense declined to $2.3 million and $4.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $4.5 million and $9.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, reflecting a decline in interest rates between the respective periods and a decline in the volume of average interest-bearing liabilities.  The effective cost of funds declined to 1.3% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from 2.3% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The Company was able to improve its cost of funds by the combination of deposit repricing, the rollover of maturing time deposits and the repositioning of borrowings within the current lower interest rate environment.  Average deposits and borrowings were $714.4 million and $717.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $784.6 million and $783.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased to $8.6 million and $17.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $7.9 million and $15.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The interest rate spread (the difference between the effective yield on average earning assets and the effective cost of average deposits and borrowings) improved to 4.6% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to 3.8% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The net yield on interest-earning assets (net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets) improved to 4.6% and 4.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from 3.9% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The increase in interest rate spread and net yield on interest-earning assets is a result of effectively managing the rates earned and paid and the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

Provision for Credit Losses.  The Bank's methodology for determining its provision for credit losses includes evaluating individual loans for amounts that are determined to be impaired, evaluating groups of loans that have not been individually assessed for impairment and historical loss experience. The Bank recorded $2.1 million and $4.5 million of provisions for credit losses in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $1.7 million and $3.2 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The provision for credit losses was necessary to replenish net charge offs of $7.3 million and $10.1 million recorded in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $894,000 and $3.2 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, and to strengthen the Bank’s ability to better manage the volume of non-performing loans, as discussed above. See “Allowance for Credit Losses” below for additional information.
 
14

 
Allowance for Credit Losses.  The Bank maintains allowances for loan and lease losses and for unfunded loan commitments (collectively the “allowance for credit losses”) at levels the Bank believes are adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio and in unfunded loan commitments.  The Bank has developed policies and procedures for assessing the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses that reflect the assessment of credit risk and impairment analysis.  This assessment includes an analysis of qualitative and quantitative trends in the levels of classified loans.  In developing this analysis, the Bank relies on historical loss experience, estimates and exercises judgment in assessing credit risk. Future assessments of credit risk may yield different results, depending on changes in the qualitative and quantitative trends, which may require increases or decreases in the allowance for credit losses.

The Bank uses a variety of modeling, calculation methods and estimation tools for measuring credit risk and performing impairment analysis, which is the basis used in developing the allowance for credit losses.  The factors supporting the allowance do not diminish the fact that the entire allowance for credit losses is available to absorb probable losses in both the loan and leases portfolio and in unfunded loan commitments.  The Bank’s principal focus is on the adequacy of the total allowance for credit losses.

During the three months ended June 30, 2010, the Bank refined its allowance for credit losses methodology taking into account current generally accepted accounting principles and regulatory guidance. The refined methodology is focused on current borrower analysis and loss factors that are more indicative of actual historical loss experience in recent years pursuant to FAS 5.  Previously, the Bank established specific reserves for certain impaired loans per FAS 114.  The Bank has elected to write down substantially all previously calculated specific reserves.  Going forward, when impairment can be reasonably calculated, the Bank will write down the affected loan by the level of that impairment.  As a result of these changes, this leaves the allowance for credit losses with a distinctly different balance than in previous reporting periods, which contained a mixed balance between both FAS 5 and FAS 114.  Now essentially all of the Bank’s calculated allowance for credit losses is under FAS 5.  Where previous allowance for credit losses carried specific reserves under FAS 114, the Bank anticipates future reports to more closely approximate this one.

Based on the overall credit quality of the loan and lease receivable portfolio, the Bank believes it has established the allowance for credit losses pursuant to generally accepted accounting principles, and has taken into account the views of its regulators and the current economic environment.  Management of the Bank reassess the information upon which it bases the allowance for credit losses not greater than quarterly and believes their accounting decisions remain accurate. However, there can be no assurance in the future that regulators, increased risks in the loan and lease portfolio, changes in economic conditions and other factors will not require additional adjustments to the allowance for credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses was $8.1 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $13.7 million at December 31, 2009. The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to loans and leases was 1.2% at June 30, 2010 and 2.0% at December 31, 2009.  See “Note 3. Allowance for Credit Losses” and “Note 6.  Fair Value Hierarchy” of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)” and “Critical Accounting Policies - Loan Impairment and Allowance for Credit Losses” below for additional information.

Noninterest Income.  Noninterest income was $2.8 million and $5.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $3.2 million and $6.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  Noninterest income consists of fees, service charges and servicing fees earned on loans, service charges and insufficient funds fees collected on deposit accounts, gains from loan and securities sales and other miscellaneous income.
 
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The Bank continues to maintain a consistent level of noninterest income across both loan and deposit service offerings. Fees, service charges and servicing fees collected were $2.0 million and $3.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $2.1 million and $4.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Fees, service charges earned and insufficient funds fees collected during each period are attributable to the volume of loan, deposit account, and insufficient funds transactions processed during each period, and the collection of related fees and service charges.

The Bank recorded gains from loan sales of $173,000 and $366,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $430,000 and $688,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Fixed-rate residential mortgage loans are sold to reduce exposure to interest rate and credit risk, and provide a more balanced sensitivity to future interest rate changes.

The Bank recorded gains from investment and mortgage-backed securities sales of $458,000 and $938,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $452,000 and $918,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  Proceeds from investment and mortgage-backed securities sales are used for a variety of purposes, including funding new loan originations, liquidity management and general banking operations.

Noninterest Expense.  Noninterest expenses were $6.7 million and $13.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $6.5 million and $12.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  The largest component, compensation and fringe benefits, increased to $4.1 million and $7.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $3.6 million and $7.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, reflecting increased staffing levels necessary to enhance retail banking operations, credit administration and for providing quality customer service.

FDIC insurance premiums declined to $286,000 and $584,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $540,000 and $680,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, reflecting the decline in insured deposit account balances and the impact of the FDIC’s risk-based deposit insurance assessments.
Expenses attributable to maintaining the current volume of other real estate owned declined to $72,000 and $164,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, from $116,000 and $343,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  Other noninterest expenses including premises and equipment, advertising, data processing, repairs and maintenance, office supplies, professional fees, taxes and insurance, etc., have remained relatively consistent during the respective periods.

Income Taxes.  Income tax expense was $1.0 million and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $1.1 million and $2.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  Changes in amounts of income tax provisions reflect changes in pretax income and estimated income tax rates in effect during each period.  Effective income tax rates were 39.8% and 39.6% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to 39.2% and 38.6% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.  See “Critical Accounting Policies” below for additional information.

Liquidity and Capital Resources.  Liquidity generally refers to the Bank's ability to generate adequate amounts of funds to meet its cash needs.  Adequate liquidity guarantees that sufficient funds are available to meet deposit withdrawals, fund future loan commitments, maintain adequate reserve requirements, pay operating expenses, provide funds for debt service, pay dividends to stockholders, and meet other general commitments.  The Bank must maintain certain regulatory liquidity requirements of liquid assets to deposits and short-term borrowings.  At June 30, 2010, the Bank had cash, deposits in banks, investment securities, mortgage-backed securities and loans held for sale totaling $132.8 million, compared to $133.8 million at December 31, 2009, representing 18.8% and 18.7% of deposits and short-term borrowings for the respective periods.
 
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The Bank believes it can meet future liquidity needs with existing funding sources.  The Bank's primary sources of funds are deposits, payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities, maturities of investment securities, earnings and funds provided from operations, the ability to borrow from the FHLB of Atlanta and the availability of loans held for sale.  While scheduled repayments of loans and mortgage-backed securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and general market interest rates, economic conditions and competition substantially influence loan prepayments. In addition, the Bank manages its deposit pricing in order to maintain a desired deposit mix.

The FDIC requires the Bank to meet a minimum leverage capital requirement of Tier 1 capital (consisting of retained earnings and common stockholders’ equity, less any intangible assets) to assets ratio of 4%.  The FDIC also requires the Bank to meet a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8%, of which at least 4% must be in the form of Tier 1 capital.  The North Carolina Office of the Commissioner of Banks requires the Bank to maintain a capital surplus of not less than 50% of common capital stock.  The Bank was in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.

Critical Accounting Policies.  The Company has identified the policies below as critical to its business operations and the understanding of its results of operations.  The impact and any associated risks related to these policies on the Company’s business operations is discussed throughout Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations where such policies affect reported and expected financial results.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions.  Estimates affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Loan Impairment and Allowance for Credit Losses.  A loan or lease is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan or lease agreement. Uncollateralized loans are measured for impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the historical effective interest rate, while all collateral-dependent loans are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral.  The Bank uses several factors in determining if a loan or lease is impaired.  The internal asset classification procedures include a thorough review of significant loans, leases and lending relationships and include the accumulation of related data.  This data includes loan and lease payment status, borrowers' financial data and borrowers' operating factors such as cash flows, operating income or loss, etc.

The allowance for credit losses is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries).  Management's periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is based on past loan and lease loss experience, known and inherent risks in loans and leases and unfunded loan commitments, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, and current economic conditions.  While management believes that it has established the allowances for credit losses in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and has taken into account the views of its regulators and the current economic environment, there can be no assurance in the future that regulators or risks in its loans and leases and unfunded loan commitments will not require additional adjustments to the allowance for credit losses.
 
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Income Taxes.  Deferred tax asset and liability balances are determined by application of temporary differences between the tax rate expected to be in effect when taxes will become payable or receivable. Temporary differences are differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.  The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.  The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet.  The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

Forward Looking Statements.  The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 states that disclosure of forward looking information is desirable for investors and encourages such disclosure by providing a safe harbor for forward looking statements by corporate management. This Form 10-Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation, contains forward looking statements that involve risk and uncertainty.  In order to comply with terms of safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of risks and uncertainties could cause its actual results and experience to differ materially from anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Company's forward looking statements.  There are risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development, growth projections and results of the Company's business.  They include, but are not limited to, economic growth, interest rate movements, timely development of technology enhancements for products, services and operating systems, the impact of competitive products, services and pricing, customer requirements, regulatory changes and similar matters.  Readers of this report are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward looking statements that are subject to influence by these risk factors and unanticipated events, as actual results may differ materially from management's expectations.

Accounting Standards Codification.  In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 168 (“SFAS No. 168”), “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles-a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.” The FASB Accounting Standards Codification will become the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities.

Following this Statement, the FASB Board will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts.  Instead, they will issue Accounting Standards Updates. The Board will not consider Accounting Standards Updates as authoritative in their own right.  Accounting Standards Updates will serve only to update the Codification, provide background information about the guidance and provide the basis for conclusions on the change(s) in the Codification.

This statement will replace SFAS No. 162 and modifies the GAAP hierarchy into two levels: authoritative and non-authoritative. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The Company adopted SFAS No. 168 on September 30, 2009, with no material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 
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Going forward, as the FASB issues Accounting Standards Updates, the Company will evaluate the impact that such updates may have on its consolidated financial statements of the Company and will also monitor the effective dates of such updates.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.  Market risk is the possible chance of loss from unfavorable changes in market prices and rates.  These changes may result in a reduction of current and future period net interest income, which is the favorable spread earned from the excess of interest income on interest-earning assets over interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities.

The Company considers interest rate risk to be its most significant market risk, which could potentially have the greatest impact on operating earnings.  The structure of the Company's loan and deposit portfolios is such that a significant decline in interest rates may have a negative impact on net market values and net interest income.  The Company monitors whether material changes in market risk have occurred since December 31, 2009.  The Company believes that no material adverse change in market risk exposure has occurred since December 31, 2009.

The Bank has experienced intense price competition for both loans and deposits over the past two years, which presented a net interest margin management challenge.  Net interest margin management has been significantly influenced by the Federal Reserve’s 500 basis point rate cuts since September 2007. The Federal Reserve’s aggressive series of rate cuts caused immediate downward pricing of the Bank’s loan portfolio, while simultaneously outpacing the ability to reduce its funding cost as rapidly.  With the prime rate set at 3.25% since December 2008, and the current federal funds rate at 0% to 0.25%, it is not foreseeable that interest rates can decline farther.  Over the remainder of 2010, the Bank anticipates little compression in its net interest margin as maturing time deposits continue to reprice at lower rates, although there are no guarantees or assurances.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures.  As of the end of the period covered by this report, management of the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.  It should be noted that the design of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures is based in part upon certain reasonable assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no reasonable assurance that any design of disclosure controls and procedures will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote, but the Company’s principal executive and financial officers have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are, in fact, effective at a reasonable assurance level.

In addition, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (to the extent that elements of internal control over financial reporting are subsumed within disclosure controls and procedures) identified in connection with the evaluation described in the above paragraph that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
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PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item l.  Legal Proceedings: The Company is currently not engaged in any material legal proceedings.  From time to time, the Bank is a party to legal proceedings within the ordinary course of business wherein it enforces its security interest in loans, and other matters of similar nature.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors: In addition to the risk factors that were disclosed in response to Item 1A of Part I of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, the following risk factor could impact our operations and financial results:

The recently enacted Dodd-Frank Act may adversely impact the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) into law. The Dodd-Frank Act represents a comprehensive overhaul of the financial services industry in the United States. The Dodd-Frank Act includes, among other things:

 
·
the creation of a Financial Stability Oversight Council to identify emerging systemic risks posed by financial firms, activities and practices, and to improve cooperation between federal agencies;
 
·
the creation of a Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection authorized to promulgate and enforce consumer protection regulations relating to financial products, which would affect both banks and non-bank financial companies;
 
·
the establishment of strengthened capital and prudential standards for banks and bank holding companies;
 
·
enhanced regulation of financial markets, including derivatives and securitization markets;
 
·
the elimination of certain trading activities by banks;
 
·
a permanent increase of the previously implemented temporary increase of FDIC deposit insurance to $250,000 per account, an extension of unlimited deposit insurance on qualifying noninterest-bearing transaction accounts, and an increase in the minimum deposit insurance fund reserve requirement from 1.15% to 1.35%, with assessments to be based on assets as opposed to deposits;
 
·
amendments to the Truth in Lending Act aimed at improving consumer protections with respect to mortgage originations, including originator compensation, minimum repayment standards, and prepayment considerations; and
 
·
new disclosure and other requirements relating to executive compensation and corporate governance.

Although the Dodd-Frank Act has been signed into law, a number of provisions remain to be implemented through the rulemaking process at various regulatory agencies. We are unable to predict the extent to which the Dodd-Frank Act or the forthcoming rules and regulations will impact the business of the Company and the Bank. However, we believe that certain aspects of the new legislation, including, without limitation, the additional cost of higher deposit insurance coverage and the costs of compliance with disclosure and reporting requirements and examinations could have a significant impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Additionally, we cannot predict whether there will be additional proposed laws or reforms that would affect the U.S. financial system or financial institutions, whether or when such changes may be adopted, how such changes may be interpreted and enforced, or how such changes may affect us.

 
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Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds: The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's common stock repurchase plan for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.

Period
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
   
Average Price
Paid
per Share
   
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plan or
Programs (1)
   
Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs (1)
 
April 2010
                       
Beginning date: April 1 Ending date: April 30
    -0-       -0-       -0-       487,115  
                                 
May 2010
                               
Beginning date: May 1 Ending date: May 31
    -0-       -0-       -0-       487,115  
                                 
June 2010
                               
Beginning date: June 1 Ending date: June 30
    -0-       -0-       -0-       487,115  
 

(1)
487,115 shares of common stock may be purchased pursuant to a repurchase program announced on January 19, 2010.  This repurchase program will expire on January 18, 2011.

Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities: Not applicable

Item 4.  [Reserved]

Item 5.  Other Information: Not applicable

Item 6.  Exhibits: The following exhibits are filed herewith:

Number
 
Title
31.1
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32
 
Section 1350 Certification
 
 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
FIRST SOUTH BANCORP, INC.
 
     
 
/s/ William L. Wall
 
/s/ Kristie W. Hawkins
 
 
William L. Wall
 
Kristie W. Hawkins
 
 
Executive Vice President
 
Controller
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
Treasurer
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
         
 
Date: August 6, 2010
 
Date: August 6, 2010
 
 
 
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