6-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

Report of Foreign Private Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13A-16 or 15D-16

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the month of November 2018

Commission File Number: 001-32702

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

(Translation of registrant's name into English)

Suite 210 – 1333 Johnston St., Vancouver, B.C. Canada V6H 3R9

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F	☒
Form 40-F	☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulations S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ☐

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted solely to provide an attached annual report to security holders.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulations S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ☐

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted to furnish a report or other document that the registrant foreign private issuer must furnish and make public under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated, domiciled or legally organized (the registrant's "home country"), or under the rules of the home country exchange on which the registrant's securities are traded, as long as the report or other document is not a press release, is not required to be and has not been distributed to the registrant's security holders, and, if discussing a material event, has already been the subject of a Form 6-K submission or other Commission filing on EDGAR.

Indicate by check mark whether by furnishing the information contained in this Form, the registrant is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes	☐
No	☒

If "Yes" is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82-

Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	Almaden Minerals Ltd.
Dated: November 7, 2018
	By:	/s/ Duane Poliquin                          Duane Poliquin Chairman

Exhibit Index

Exhibit	Description of Exhibit
99.1	Financial Statements
99.2	Management's Discussion and Analysis
99.3	Certification of Annual Filings - CEO
99.4	Certification of Annual Filings - CFO

EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

NOTICE OF NO AUDITOR REVIEW OF CONDENSED

CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Almaden Minerals Ltd. (“the Company”) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 have been prepared by the management of the Company and approved by the Company’s Audit Committee and the Company’s Board of Directors.

Under National Instrument 51-102, Part 4, subsection 4.3 (3) (a), if an auditor has not performed a review of the consolidated interim financial statements, they must be accompanied by a notice indicating that an auditor has not reviewed the financial statements.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared by and are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

The Company’s independent auditor has not performed a review of these financial statements in accordance with standards established by CPA Canada for a review of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements by an entity’s auditor.

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Condensed consolidated interim statements of financial position

(Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars)

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	$			$
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 11)		8,618,603			16,334,534
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses (Note 4) (Note 9(b))		322,702			368,963
		8,941,305			16,703,497
Non-current assets
Deposit on mill equipment (Note 5)		-			4,923,209
Property, plant and equipment (Note 6)		13,772,231			372,292
Exploration and evaluation assets (Note 7)		51,670,677			44,804,198
		65,442,908			50,099,699
TOTAL ASSETS		74,384,213			66,803,196
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables (Note 9(b))		991,238			638,001
Non-current liabilities
Deferred income tax liability		1,434,882			1,434,882
Total liabilities		2,426,120			2,072,883
EQUITY
Share capital (Note 8)		126,863,983			118,054,463
Reserves (Note 8)		16,634,702			15,528,276
Deficit		(71,540,592	)		(68,852,426	)
Total equity		71,958,093			64,730,313
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES		74,384,213			66,803,196

Commitments (Note 12)

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements are authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on November 7, 2018.

They are signed on the Company’s behalf by:

/s/Duane Poliquin	/s/Mark T. Brown
Director	Director

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Condensed consolidated interim statements of comprehensive loss

(Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Expenses	$			$			$			$
Professional fees		158,423			152,159			430,973			415,470
Salaries and benefits (Note 9(a) & (b))		412,070			297,322			1,168,212			891,348
Travel and promotion		64,070			86,727			210,665			255,604
Depreciation (Note 6)		7,188			7,281			20,973			20,801
Office and license (Note 9(b))		30,575			27,213			101,347			117,537
Rent (Note 9(b))		52,429			63,061			144,383			131,817
Stock exchange and transfer agent fees		38,748			44,700			184,466			177,557
Insurance		19,046			13,961			48,933			41,046
Directors’ fees (Note 9(a))		-			-			70,000			70,000
Share-based payments (Note 8(c) Note 9(a))		64,760			831,800			1,069,860			1,902,170
		847,309			1,524,224			3,449,812			4,023,350
Other income (loss)
Interest and other income (Note 9(b))		228,023			158,585			577,060			413,536
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment		-			-			-			(1,760	)
Foreign exchange gain (loss)		(11,755	)		(95,125	)		184,586			(169,710	)
		216,268			63,460			761,646			242,066
Comprehensive loss for the period		(631,041	)		(1,460,764	)		(2,688,166	)		(3,781,284	)
Basic and diluted net loss per share (Note 10)		(0.01	)		(0.01	)		(0.03	)		(0.04	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Condensed consolidated interim statements of cash flows

(Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	$			$			$			$
Operating activities
Net loss for the period		(631,041	)		(1,460,764	)		(2,688,166	)		(3,781,284	)
Items not affecting cash
Depreciation		7,188			7,281			20,973			20,801
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment		-			-			-			1,760
Share-based payments		64,760			831,800			1,069,860			1,902,170
Changes in non-cash working capital components
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses		(4,843	)		67,748			46,261			125,833
Trade and other payables		(176,047	)		(25,226	)		(5,575	)		(191,960	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(739,983	)		(579,161	)		(1,556,647	)		(1,922,680	)
Investing activities
Deposit on mill equipment		-			(525,841	)		(7,694,900	)		(3,642,826	)
Property, plant and equipment – purchase		(798,305	)		(190,142	)		(802,803	)		(280,529	)
Exploration and evaluation assets – costs		(2,023,433	)		(1,474,926	)		(6,507,667	)		(7,053,038	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(2,821,738	)		(2,190,909	)		(15,005,370	)		(10,976,393	)
Financing activities
Issuance of shares, net of share issue costs		(95,411	)		(6,281	)		8,846,086			19,118,403
Options exercised		-			118,400			-			1,105,290
Share issuance cost on cashless option exercised		-			(143,519	)		-			(203,232	)
Warrants and finders’ warrants exercised		-			-			-			268,205
Net cash from financing activities		(95,411	)		(31,400	)		8,846,086			20,288,666
Change in cash and cash equivalents		(3,657,132	)		(2,801,470	)		(7,715,931	)		7,389,593
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		12,275,735			19,961,069			16,334,534			9,770,006
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period		8,618,603			17,159,599			8,618,603			17,159,599

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Condensed consolidated interim statements of changes in equity

(Unaudited – Expressed in Canadian dollars)

	Share capital					Reserves
	Number of shares		Amount			Share- based payments			Warrants			Total reserves			Deficit			Total
			$			$			$			$			$			$
Balance, January 1, 2017		86,165,443		95,290,220			13,040,593			511,508			13,552,101			(63,621,131	)		45,221,190
Share-based payments		-		-			1,902,170			-			1,902,170			-			1,902,170
Private placements, net		12,377,207		19,118,403			-			-			-			-			19,118,403
Finders' warrants issued pursuant to private placement		-		(180,691	)		-			180,691			180,691			-			-
Shares issued for cash on exercise of finders’ warrants		30,472		43,205			-			-			-			-			43,205
Fair value of finders’ warrants transferred to share capital		-		12,797			-			(12,797	)		(12,797	)		-			-
Shares issued for cash on exercise of warrants		225,000		225,000			-			-			-			-			225,000
Shares issued for cash on exercise of stock options		1,107,000		1,105,290			-			-			-			-			1,105,290
Fair value of cash stock options transferred to share capital		-		496,859			(496,859	)		-			(496,859	)		-			-
Shares issued on cashless exercise of stock options		532,836		-			-			-			-			-			-
Share issuance cost on cashless exercise of stock options		-		(203,232	)		-			-			-			-			(203,232	)
Fair value of cashless stock options transferred to share capital		-		387,930			(387,930	)		-			(387,930	)		-			-
Comprehensive loss for the period		-		-			-			-			-			(3,781,284	)		(3,781,284	)
Balance, September, 2017		100,437,958		116,295,781			14,057,974			679,402			14,737,376			(67,402,415	)		63,630,742
Share-based payments		-		-			790,900			-			790,900			-			790,900
Private placements, net		-		(2,985	)		-			-			-			-			(2,985	)
Shares issued for cash on exercise of warrants		1,761,667		1,761,667			-			-			-			-			1,761,667
Comprehensive loss for the period		-		-			-			-			-			(1,450,011	)		(1,450,011	)
Balance, December 31, 2017		102,199,625		118,054,463			14,848,874			679,402			15,528,276			(68,852,426	)		64,730,313
Share-based payments		-		-			1,069,860			-			1,069,860			-			1,069,860
Private placements, net		9,440,000		8,846,086			-			-			-			-			8,846,086
Finders' warrants issued pursuant to private placement		-		(36,566	)		-			36,566			36,566			-			-
Comprehensive loss for the period		-		-			-			-			-			(2,688,166	)		(2,688,166	)
Balance, September 30, 2018		111,639,625		126,863,983			15,918,734			715,968			16,634,702			(71,540,592	)		71,958,093

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

1. Nature of operations

Almaden Minerals Ltd. (the “Company” or “Almaden”) was formed by amalgamation under the laws of the Province of British Columbia, Canada on February 1, 2002. The Company is an exploration stage public company that is engaged directly in the exploration and development of exploration and evaluation properties in Canada and Mexico. The address of the Company’s registered office is Suite 1710 –1177 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6E 2L3.

The Company is in the business of exploring and developing mineral projects and its principal asset is the Ixtaca precious metals project located on its Tuligtic claim in Mexico. The Company has not yet determined whether this project has economically recoverable mineral reserves. The recoverability of amounts shown for mineral properties is dependent upon the establishment of a sufficient quantity of economically recoverable reserves, the ability of the Company to obtain the necessary financing or participation of joint venture partners to complete development of the properties and upon future profitable production or proceeds from the disposition of exploration and evaluation assets.

2. Basis of presentation

(a) Statement of Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”)

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared in accordance and compliance with International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34, Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”).

The Company has adopted and applied IFRS 9 since January 1, 2018. Changes to significant accounting policies are described in Note 3.

(b) Basis of preparation

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. This interim financial report does not include all of the information required of a full annual financial report and is intended to provide users with an update in relation to events and transactions that are significant to an understanding of the changes in financial position and performance of the Company since the end of the last annual reporting period. It is therefore recommended that this financial report be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2017. However, this interim financial report provides selected significant disclosures that are required in the annual audited consolidated financial statements under IFRS.

Except as described below, these condensed consolidated interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as the annual audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The changes in accounting policies are also expected to be reflected in the Company's consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ending December 31, 2018.

Certain amounts in prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

7

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

2. Basis of presentation (Continued)

(b) Basis of preparation (Continued)

The following are the accounting standards issued but not yet effective:

Leases

IFRS 16 - In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, Leases ("IFRS 16") which replaces IAS 17, Leases and its associated interpretative guidance. IFRS 16 applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between a lease and a service contract on the basis of whether the customer controls the asset being leased. For those assets determined to meet the definition of a lease, IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to the accounting by lessees, introducing a single, on-balance sheet accounting model that is similar to current finance lease accounting, with limited exceptions for short-term leases or leases of low-value assets. Lessor accounting remains similar to current accounting practice. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with early application permitted for entities that apply IFRS 15. The Company is currently considering the impact, if any, of the standard on its future consolidated financial statements.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

The Company has initially adopted IFRS 9, Financial Instruments from January 1, 2018. The effect of initially applying this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. A number of other new standards are also effective from January 1, 2018, however, were also deemed to not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

IFRS 9 sets out requirements for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and some contracts to buy or sell non-financial items. This standard replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. There was no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements as a result of transitioning to IFRS 9.

The details of the new significant accounting policies and the nature and effect of the changes to previous accounting policies are set out below.

(i)     Classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities

IFRS 9 largely retains the existing requirements in IAS 39 for the classification and measurement of financial liabilities. However, it eliminates the previous IAS 39 categories for financial assets held to maturity, loans and receivables, and available for sale.

The adoption of IFRS 9 has not had a significant effect on the Company’s accounting policies related to financial liabilities. The impact of IFRS 9 on the classification and measurement of financial assets is set out below.

A financial asset is classified as measured at: amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI), or fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). The classification of financial assets is generally based on the business model in which a financial asset is managed and its contractual cash flow characteristics. Derivatives embedded in contracts where the host is a financial asset in the scope of the standard are never separated. Instead, the hybrid financial instrument as a whole is assessed for classification. The Company's financial assets consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable are classified at amortized cost.

8

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

3. Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

(ii)      Impairment of financial assets

An ‘expected credit loss’ (ECL) model applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, contract assets and debt investments at FVOCI, but not to investments in equity instruments. The Company's financial assets measured at amortized cost and subject to the ECL model include cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable.

The adoption of the ECL impairment model had no impact on the carrying amounts of the Company's financial assets on the transition date, given the accounts receivable are substantially all current and there has been minimal historical customer default. Moreover, cash and cash equivalents have not been subject to historical credit risk.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all note disclosures required by IFRS for annual financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included. Operating results for the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018.

4. Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses

Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses consist of the following:

	September 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Accounts receivable (Note 9(b))	$	213,420	$	243,971
Prepaid expenses		109,282		124,992
	$	322,702	$	368,963

At September 30, 2018, the Company has recorded value-added taxes of $380,230 (December 31, 2017 - $444,729) included in exploration and evaluation assets, as the value-added tax relates to certain projects and will be recovered when the assets are sold (Note 7).

5. Deposit on mill equipment

On October 19, 2015, the Company entered into a Mill Purchase Option Agreement (the “Agreement’) to acquire the Rock Creek mill. Pursuant to the Agreement, Almaden has the exclusive right and option to purchase the mill for total cash payments of $6,500,000 USD (completed), plus the issuance of 407,997 common shares (issued with a fair value of $273,358), subject to adjustment in certain circumstances (the “Option”).

Deposit on mill equipment consisted of the following payments:

9

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

5. Deposit on mill equipment (Continued)

	$		$
	USD		CAD
Balance, December 31, 2016				1,280,383
Additions: purchase price deposits		2,000,000		2,647,600
Additions: mobilization payments		767,500		995,226
Balance, December 31, 2017				4,923,209
Additions: purchase price deposits		3,750,000		4,876,500
Additions: mobilization payments		2,211,300		2,818,400
				12,618,109
Transfer to property, plant and equipment				(12,618,109	)
Balance, September 30, 2018				-

Almaden has exercised the Option by making the final option payment on June 12, 2018 for $3,750,000 USD ($4,876,500 CAD). As such, during the period ended September 30, 2018, Almaden obtained ownership and title to the mill equipment, and transferred the balance to property, plant and equipment (Note 6).

A mobilization plan is in progress to move the Rock Creek mill from Nome, Alaska to the Tuligtic property. Mill mobilization payments of $2,211,300 USD ($2,818,400 CAD) were paid during the period ended September 30, 2018, for the dismantlement of the mill.

6. Property, plant and equipment

	Automotive equipment		Furniture and fixtures and other		Computer hardware		Computer software		Geological library		Field equipment		Mill equipment		Total
	$		$		$		$		$		$		$		$
Cost
December 31, 2017		110,040		154,093		247,199		189,563		51,760		245,647		265,997		1,264,299
Additions		-		4,126		1,697		7,203		-		-		789,777		802,803
Transfer from deposit on mill equipment		-		-		-		-		-		-		12,618,109		12,618,109
September 30, 2018		110,040		158,219		248,896		196,766		51,760		245,647		13,673,883		14,685,211
Accumulated depreciation
December 31, 2017		110,040		134,484		213,702		164,211		49,366		220,204		-		892,007
Depreciation		-		3,279		7,600		5,918		359		3,817		-		20,973
September 30, 2018		110,040		137,763		221,302		170,129		49,725		224,021		-		912,980
Carrying amounts
December 31, 2017		-		19,609		33,497		25,352		2,394		25,443		265,997		372,292
September 30, 2018		-		20,456		27,594		26,637		2,035		21,626		13,673,883		13,772,231

10

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

6. Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

The Company acquired the Rock Creek mill (Note 5) on June 12, 2018. As at September 30, 2018, mill equipment of $13,673,883 is recorded in property, plant and equipment and will be depreciated when the mill equipment is in the condition and location ready for use, which will commence once the Company enters the commercial production phase.

On August 9, 2018, the Company paid $250,000 USD ($326,000 CAD) to extend the mill storage in Alaska, USA for one additional year. On July 1, 2018, an additional mill mobilization payment of $352,200 USD ($463,777 CAD) was made. Both these transactions were recorded in mill equipment under property, plant and equipment.

7. Exploration and evaluation assets

	Tuligtic		Other Property		Total
Exploration and evaluation assets	$		$		$
Acquisition costs:
Opening balance - (December 31, 2017)		7,537,577		1		7,537,578
Additions		284,894		-		284,894
Closing balance - (September 30, 2018)		7,822,471		1		7,822,472
Deferred exploration costs:
Opening balance - (December 31, 2017)		37,266,620		-		37,266,620
Costs incurred during the period
Drilling and related costs		931,273		-		931,273
Professional/technical fees		43,076		-		43,076
Claim maintenance/lease costs		145,524		-		145,524
Geochemical, metallurgy		639,849		-		639,849
Technical studies		3,392,547		-		3,392,547
Travel and accommodation		344,684		-		344,684
Geology, geophysics and exploration		474,516		-		474,516
Supplies and misc.		91,623		-		91,623
Environmental		138,263		-		138,263
Value-added tax (Note 4)		380,230		-		380,230
Total deferred exploration costs during the period		6,581,585		-		6,581,585
Closing balance - (September 30, 2018)		43,848,205		-		43,848,205
Total exploration and evaluation assets		51,670,676		1		51,670,677

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company entered into two option agreements to secure surface rights on the Tuligtic project. The Company has the option to acquire a 100% ownership of two surface rights for total cash payments of $25,000,000 Mexican pesos (MXN) as follows:

Dates	Payments (MXN)		CAD		Payment Status
November 28, 2016	$	10,000,000	$	651,200	Paid
November 28, 2018	$	15,000,000	$	1,000,500	Outstanding

Payments are not refundable upon termination of the option agreement.

11

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

7. Exploration and evaluation assets (Continued)

The following is a description of the Company’s most significant property interests and related spending commitments:

(a) Tuligtic

In 2001, the Company acquired by staking a 100% interest in the Tuligtic property in Puebla, Mexico. The property contains the Ixtaca Zone.

(b) Other Property

The Company holds a 40% carried interest in the Logan property located in the Yukon Territory, Canada. The project is carried at a nominal value of $1.

8. Share capital and reserves

(a) Authorized share capital

At September 30, 2018, the authorized share capital comprised an unlimited number of common shares. The common shares do not have a par value. All issued shares are fully paid.

On June 7, 2018, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement by the issuance of 9,440,000 units at a price of $1.00 per unit for gross proceeds of $9,440,000. Each unit consists of one common share and one-half of one non-transferable common share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant allows the holder to purchase one common share of the Company at a price of $1.35 per share until June 7, 2022. Share issuance costs included finders’ fee of $384,900 in cash, and finders’ warrants to purchase up to 192,450 common shares at a price of $1.35 per common share until June 7, 2020. The fair value of the finders’ warrants was $36,566 per statement of equity. In connection with the private placement, the Company also incurred $209,014 in other cash share issuance costs. These amounts were recorded as a reduction to share capital. The net proceeds of the private placement of $8,846,086 were allocated to share capital during the period ended September 30, 2018.

(b) Warrants

The continuity of warrants for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows:

	Exercise		Dec 31,								September 30,
Expiry date	price		2017		Issued		Exercised		Expired		2018
November 25, 2018		$2.00		1,614,541		-		-		-		1,614,541
November 25, 2018		$1.44		22,972		-		-		-		22,972
June 1, 2019		$2.00		295,734		-		-		-		295,734
August 7, 2019		$2.00		1,259,704		-		-		-		1,259,704
August 7, 2019		$1.35		10,411		-		-		-		10,411
June 1, 2020		$2.45		4,928,900		-		-		-		4,928,900
June 7, 2020		$1.35		-		192,450		-		-		192,450
June 7, 2022		$1.35		-		4,720,000		-		-		4,720,000
Warrants outstanding and exercisable				8,132,262		4,912,450		-		-		13,044,712
Weighted average exercise price				$2.27		$1.35		-		-		$1.92

12

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

8. Share capital and reserves (Continued)

(c) Share purchase option compensation plan

The Company’s stock option plan permits the issuance of options up to a maximum of 10% of the Company’s issued share capital. Stock options issued to any consultant or person providing investor relations services cannot exceed 2% of the issued and outstanding common shares in any twelve month period. At September 30, 2018, the Company had reserved 1,658,963 stock options that may be granted. The exercise price of any option cannot be less than the volume weighted average trading price of the shares for the five trading days immediately preceding the date of the grant.

The maximum term of all options is five years. The Board of Directors determines the term of the option (to a maximum of five years) and the time during which any option may vest. Options granted to consultants or persons providing investor relations services shall vest in stages with no more than 25% of such option being exercisable in any three month period. All options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 vested on the grant date.

The Company’s stock option plan permits the option holder to exercise cashless by surrendering a portion of the underlying option shares to pay for the exercise price and the corresponding withholding taxes, if applicable.

13

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

8. Share capital and reserves (Continued)

(c) Share purchase option compensation plan (Continued)

The continuity of stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows:

Expiry date	Exercise price		Dec 31, 2017		Granted		Exercised		Expired			September 30, 2018
April 4, 2018		$1.74		90,000		-		-		(90,000	)		-
May 6, 2018		$1.41		100,000		-		-		(100,000	)		-
June 8, 2018		$1.44		1,915,000		-		-		(1,915,000	)		-
June 18, 2018		$1.46		250,000		-		-		(250,000	)		-
June 29, 2018		$1.71		15,000		-		-		(15,000	)		-
August 9, 2018		$1.91		491,000		-		-		(491,000	)		-
September 15, 2018		$1.85		170,000		-		-		(170,000	)		-
December 11, 2018		$0.72		590,000		-		-		-			590,000
December 11, 2018		$1.68		150,000		-		-		-			150,000
December 11, 2018		$1.80		20,000		-		-		-			20,000
January 2, 2019		$1.04		375,000		-		-		-			375,000
March 17, 2019		$1.35		207,000		-		-		-			207,000
May 4, 2019		$1.99		175,000		-		-		-			175,000
May 19, 2019		$1.84		75,000		-		-		-			75,000
June 12, 2019		$1.89		75,000		-		-		-			75,000
July 2, 2019		$1.32		150,000		-		-		-			150,000
July 2, 2019		$1.19		60,000		-		-		-			60,000
July 2, 2019		$1.34		1,427,000		-		-		-			1,427,000
September 19, 2019		$1.40		1,160,000		-		-		-			1,160,000
April 10, 2020		$1.03		-		90,000		-		-			90,000
April 30, 2020		$1.53		500,000		-		-		-			500,000
April 30, 2020		$1.14		100,000		-		-		-			100,000
April 30, 2020		$1.04		-		100,000		-		-			100,000
June 8, 2020		$0.98		-		2,180,000		-		-			2,180,000
September 30, 2020		$1.25		1,195,000		-		-		(100,000	)		1,095,000
September 30, 2020		$0.83		-		106,000		-		-			106,000
September 30, 2020		$0.79		-		170,000		-		-			170,000
February 7, 2021		$1.11		-		300,000		-		-			300,000
March 29, 2021		$1.08		-		400,000		-		-			400,000
Options outstanding   and exercisable				9,290,000		3,346,000		-		(3,131,000	)		9,505,000
Weighted average
exercise price				$1.39		$0.99		-		$1.54			$1.20

Total share-based payments as a result of options granted and vested during the period ended September 30, 2018 was $1,069,860 (2017 - $1,902,170).

14

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

8. Share capital and reserves (Continued)

(c) Share purchase option compensation plan (Continued)

The fair value of the options granted during the period ended September 30, 2018, was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

Risk-free interest rate	1.90%
Expected life	2.20 years
Expected volatility	53.01%
Expected dividend yield	Nil
Weighted average fair value per option	$0.32

9. Related party transactions and balances

(a) Compensation of key management personnel

Key management includes members of the Board, the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, Vice President Operations & Projects, and the Vice President, Corporate Development. The net aggregate compensation paid or payable to key management for services after recovery from Azucar Minerals Ltd. and Almadex Minerals Ltd. (Note 9 (b)) is as follows:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Salaries and benefits	$	207,555	$	164,675	$	673,109	$	494,025
Share-based payments		56,610		774,200		919,660		1,515,170
Directors’ fees		-		-		70,000		70,000
	$	264,165	$	938,875	$	1,662,769	$	2,079,195

(b) Azucar Minerals Ltd. (“Azucar” formerly Almadex Minerals Limited) and Almadex Minerals Ltd. (“Almadex” formerly 1154229 B.C. Ltd.)

Effective August 1, 2015, the Company recovers a portion of expenses from Azucar pursuant to an administrative services agreement between the Company and Azucar.

Effective May 18, 2018, the Company also recovers a portion of expenses from Almadex pursuant to the administrative service agreements between the Company and Almadex.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received $116,087 (September 30, 2017 - $111,806) from Azucar for administrative services fees included in other income, and received $75,535 (September 30, 2017 - $Nil) from Almadex for the three month period for administrative services fees included in other income.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received $345,390 (September 30, 2017 – $320,078) from Azucar for administrative services fees included in other income, and received $111,990 (September 30, 2017 - $Nil) from Almadex for the nine month period for administrative services fees included in other income.

15

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

9. Related party transactions and balances (Continued)

(b) Azucar Minerals Ltd. (“Azucar” formerly Almadex Minerals Limited) and Almadex Minerals Ltd. (“Almadex” formerly 1154229 B.C. Ltd.) (Continued)

At September 30, 2018, included in accounts receivable is $89,528 (December 31, 2017 - $195,551) due from Azucar, and $57,846 (December 31, 2017 - $Nil) due from Almadex in relation to expense recoveries.

At September 30, 2018, the Company accrued $249,128 (December 31, 2017 - $153,038) payable to Almadex for drilling equipment rental services in Mexico.

(c) Other related party transactions

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company employed the Chairman’s daughter for a salary of $10,325 and $30,975 respectively (2017 - $9,075 and $25,975 respectively) for marketing and administrative services provided to the Company.

10. Net loss per share

Basic and diluted net loss per share

The calculation of basic net loss per share for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was based on the loss attributable to common shareholders of $631,041 (2017 - $1,460,764) and a weighted average number of common shares outstanding of 111,639,625 (2017 – 100,151,694).

The calculation of basic net loss per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was based on the loss attributable to common shareholders of $2,688,166 (2017 - $3,781,284) and a weighted average number of common shares outstanding of 106,210,761 (2017 – 94,038,382).

The calculation of diluted net loss per share for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 did not include the effect of stock options and warrants as they are anti-dilutive.

11. Supplemental cash flow information

Supplemental information regarding non-cash transactions is as follows:

	Nine months ended September 30,
Investing and financing activities	2018		2017
		$		$
Fair value of finders’ warrants – share issuance cost		36,566		180,691
Fair value of finders’ warrants transferred to share capital on exercise of finders’ warrants		-		12,797
Fair value of cash stock options transferred to share capital on exercise of options		-		496,859
Fair value of cashless stock options transferred to share capital on exercise of options		-		387,930
Transfer from deposit on mill equipment to property, plant and equipment		12,618,109		-

16

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

11. Supplemental cash flow information (Continued)

As at September 30, 2018, $852,755 of exploration and evaluation asset costs are included in trade and other payables (December 31, 2017 - $493,943).

Supplemental information regarding the split between cash and cash equivalents is as follows:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Cash	$	1,918,603	$	1,449,184
Term Deposits		6,700,000		14,885,350
	$	8,618,603	$	16,334,534

12. Commitments

The Company entered into a new operating lease for office premises effective April 1, 2017 through to March 31, 2022.

As at September 30, 2018, the remaining payments for executive contracts and the operating lease are due as follows:

	2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		Total
Office lease	$	37,583	$	154,182	$	157,480	$	158,304	$	39,576	$	547,125
Executive contracts		143,750		267,917		240,000		240,000		-		891,667
	$	181,333	$	422,099	$	397,480	$	398,304	$	39,576	$	1,438,792

13. Financial instruments

The fair values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and trade and other payables approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company does not carry any financial instruments at fair value.

The Company is exposed to certain financial risks, including currency risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and commodity and equity price risk.

(a) Currency risk

The Company’s property interests in Mexico make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations and inflationary pressures which may adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is affected by changes in exchange rates between the Canadian dollar, the US dollar and the Mexican peso. The Company does not invest in foreign currency contracts to mitigate the risks.

As at September 30, 2018, the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk through the following monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the applicable subsidiary:

17

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

13. Financial instruments (Continued)

(a) Currency risk (Continued)

All amounts in Canadian dollars	US dollar		Mexican peso
Cash and cash equivalents	$	869,095	$	416,680
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses		-		55,676
Total assets	$	869,095	$	472,356
Trade and other payables	$	516,591	$	305,745
Total liabilities	$	516,591	$	305,745
Net assets	$	352,504	$	166,611

A 10% change in the US dollar exchange rate relative to the Canadian dollar would change the Company’s net loss by $35,000.

A 10% change in the Mexican peso exchange rate relative to the Canadian dollar would change the Company’s net loss by $17,000.

(b) Credit risk

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held in large Canadian financial institutions, located in both Canada and Mexico. Cash equivalents mature at various dates during the twelve months following the statement of financial position date. The Company’s excise tax included in accounts receivables and prepaid expenses consists primarily of sales tax due from the federal government of Canada.

To mitigate exposure to credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, the Company has established policies to limit the concentration of credit risk with any given banking institution where the funds are held, to ensure counterparties demonstrate minimum acceptable credit risk worthiness and ensure liquidity of available funds.

As at September 30, 2018, the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of its cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

(c) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages liquidity risk through the management of its capital structure.

Trade and other payables are due within twelve months of the statement of financial position date.

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Almaden Minerals Ltd.

Notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018

Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars

13. Financial instruments (Continued)

(d) Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company is exposed to varying interest rates on cash and cash equivalents. The Company has no interest-bearing debt.

A 1% change in the interest rate would change the Company’s net loss by $86,000.

(e) Commodity and equity price risk

The ability of the Company to explore its exploration and evaluation assets and the future profitability of the Company are directly related to the market price of gold and other precious metals. The Company monitors gold prices to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on the Company’s performance due to movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stock market.

14. Management of capital

The Company considers its capital to consist of components of equity. The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to pursue the exploration of its exploration and evaluation assets and to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.

The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares and, acquire or dispose of assets.

In order to maximize ongoing exploration efforts, the Company does not pay out dividends. The Company’s investment policy is to invest its short-term excess cash in highly liquid short-term interest-bearing investments with short term maturities, selected with regards to the expected timing of expenditures from continuing operations.

The Company expects its current capital resources will be sufficient to carry its exploration plans and operations for the foreseeable future. There were no changes to the Company’s approach to the management of capital during the period.

15. Segmented information

The Company operates in one reportable operating segment, being the acquisition and exploration of mineral resource properties.

The Company’s non-current assets are located in the following geographic locations:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Canada	$	93,383	$	366,450
United States		13,673,883		4,923,209
Mexico		51,675,642		44,810,040
	$	65,442,908	$	50,099,699

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EX-99.2

Exhibit 99.2

ALMADEN MINERALS LTD.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

September 30, 2018

INTRODUCTION

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) for Almaden Minerals Ltd. (“Almaden” or the “Company”) has been prepared based on information known to management as of November 7, 2018. This MD&A is intended to help the reader understand, and should be read in conjunction with, the condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Almaden for the financial period ended September 30, 2018 and supporting notes. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance and compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

Management is responsible for the preparation and integrity of the Company’s condensed consolidated interim financial statements, including the maintenance of appropriate information systems, procedures and internal controls. The audit committee of the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) meets with management regularly to review the Company’s condensed consolidated interim financial statements and MD&A, and to discuss other financial, operating and internal control matters.

All currency amounts used in this MD&A are expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise noted.

The Company’s common stock is quoted on the NYSE American stock exchange under the trading symbol “AAU” and on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “AMM”.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This MD&A contains “forward-looking information” within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (collectively, “forward-looking statements”). These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this document and the Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

Forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and reflect Company management’s expectations or beliefs regarding future events. Forward-looking statements in this MD&A include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to: the Company’s cash resources and their adequacy to meet the Company’s working capital and mineral exploration needs for at least the next year; the Company’s planned continuous development work on the Ixtaca project; the Company’s planned future mining operations at the Ixtaca project; the expected timing of completion of a full feasibility study and the expected benefits of same; the expected timing of completion and filing of an environmental impact assessment; the potential impact of ore sorting results on project economics and design; the potential for further discoveries within the Ixtaca project area; the possible effect of changes in interest rates and exchange rates on the Company’s future operations; the Company’s proposed future activities as set out in the section entitled “Outlook”; the estimation of mineral reserves and mineral resources; the realization of mineral reserve estimates; the timing and amount of estimated future production; costs of production; capital expenditures; success of mining operations; environmental risks; unanticipated reclamation expenses; title disputes or claims; and limitations on insurance coverage. In certain cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “plans”, “expects” or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate”, or “believes”, or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will be taken”, “occur” or “be achieved” or the negative of these terms or comparable terminology. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

1

Such factors include, among others, risks related to: international operations; the actual results of current exploration activities; changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; future prices of mineral resources; possible variations in ore reserves, grade or recovery rates; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or construction activities; as well as those factors discussed below under the heading “Risks and Uncertainties” and in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Company’s annual information form and latest Form 20-F. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS REGARDING MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) permits U.S. mining companies, in their filings with the SEC, to disclose only those mineral deposits that a company can economically and legally extract or produce. Almaden uses certain terms such as “measured”, “indicated”, “inferred”, and “mineral resources,” which the SEC guidelines strictly prohibit U.S. registered companies from including in their filings with the SEC.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The Company’s financial statements, MD&A and additional information relevant to the Company, including the Company’s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 which is filed as an Annual Information Form, can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, and/or on the Company’s website at www.almadenminerals.com.

QUARTERLY HIGHLIGHTS

During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, all of the Company’s efforts continued to be on its 100% owned Ixtaca gold/silver project in Puebla State, Mexico, where it is aiming to complete a feasibility study (“FS”) during this year, building on its positive pre-feasibility study completed in 2017.

The FS study is being led by a team of independent engineers including SRK Consulting (U.S.), Inc. (“SRK”) and Moose Mountain Technical Services (“MMTS”), with oversight by the Company.

Programs recently concluded or currently underway include:

· a resource model update to include new drill hole data;

· metallurgical test work to:

o demonstrate repeatability of metallurgical performance;

o test opportunities to further improve metallurgical performance;

· ore sorting testwork as reported in a news release dated July 16, 2018;

· process and infrastructure FS engineering design;

· mine planning and production optimization studies;

· preparations for moving the Rock Creek processing plant to the Ixtaca site;

· construction and commissioning project management planning;

· geotechnical site investigation work; and

· water management studies.

A key aspect of the ongoing work towards a FS relates to water.

2

Almaden is working closely with authorities and local communities to protect local water resources while improving quality and availability. The current mine plan includes a water storage reservoir to be co-operated and maintained by local residents during and after mine operation to provide a consistent and sustainable long-term supply of water to local residents.

In addition to the above FS-related work, Almaden is preparing to submit an Environmental Impact Assessment (Manifiesto de Impacto Ambiental or “MIA”) for Ixtaca this year.

During the quarter, Almaden’s consultants and staff completed the purchase and dismantling of the Rock Creek mill, in preparation for relocation. Mill components have since been cleaned, crated and packed to ensure safe storage near the port of Nome, Alaska. The Rock Creek mill is ready for anticipated shipping to Mexico in 2019.

On July 16, 2018, Almaden announced the results of ore sorting tests carried out on a commercial XRT sorter using a 2.2 tonne bulk sample from the limestone host rock in the Ixtaca Main zone. The limestone host rock comprised 82% of the metal produced in the Pre-Feasibility Study which was filed on SEDAR on May 17, 2017 (“2017 PFS”).

The results demonstrate that including conventional X-ray Transmission (XRT) ore sorting technology:

· Increases average mill feed grades for the limestone unit by 39% for gold, and 47% for silver;

· Is expected to significantly increase average annual metal production above the 147,900 ozs AuEq¹ per year achieved in the 2017 PFS;

· Is expected to improve project economic metrics such as IRR and Payback;

· 36% of run of mine becomes mine waste rock at the crushing stage, significantly reducing rock processing;

· Results in 93% recovery for silver and 88% recovery for gold from the ore sorter;

· Is expected to result in only modest increase to capital costs;

· Has the potential to reduce the environmental footprint over the life of mine by:

- Reducing tailings footprint;

- Reducing process water usage;

- Reducing process energy requirements and CO₂ emissions.

¹ Gold equivalency calculated using a 69:1 silver:gold ratio.

The detailed impact of the ore sorting results on the Ixtaca project will be evaluated as part of the ongoing Feasibility Study.

OVERALL PERFORMANCE

Overview

Company Mission and Focus

The Company’s goal is to advance its wholly-owned Ixtaca gold-silver deposit to become a low-cost, modern mine which makes a positive social difference. The Company has made significant advances over the past year with the completion of the 2017 PFS that was sufficiently compelling to immediately commence a FS that is expected to be completed before 2018 year end.

Qualified Person

Morgan Poliquin, P.Eng., a “Qualified Person” as defined in National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and the President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Almaden, has reviewed and approved the scientific and technical information in this MD&A. The scientific and technical contents in this MD&A are derived from the PFS. The independent Qualified Persons responsible for preparing the PFS are set out below under the heading, “Mineral Properties – Recent Updates – Pre-Feasibility Study and Updated Resource Estimate – Qualified Persons”.

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Use of the Terms “Mineral Resources” and “Mineral Reserves”

All capitalized terms used but not defined in this MD&A have the meanings given to them in NI 43-101 and the CIM definitions Standards on Mineral Resources and Reserves (the “CIM Standards”).

Any reference in this MD&A to Mineral Resources does not mean Mineral Reserves.

Under NI 43-101, a Mineral Reserve is the economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility Study. This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified. A Mineral Reserve includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined.

Mineral Resources are sub-divided, in order of increasing geologic confidence, into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applied to an Indicated Mineral Resource. An Indicated Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than an Inferred Mineral Resource but has a lower level of confidence than a Measured Mineral Resource.

The terms “Mineral Reserve,” “Proven Mineral Reserve” and “Probable Mineral Reserve” are Canadian mining terms as defined in accordance with NI 43-101 and the CIM Standards. These definitions differ from the definitions in SEC Industry Guide 7 under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Under SEC Industry Guide 7, a reserve is defined as part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time the reserve determination is made. Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a “final” or “bankable” feasibility study is required to report reserves, the three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves, and the primary environmental analysis or report must be filed with the appropriate governmental authority. In addition, the terms “Mineral Resource,” “Measured Mineral Resource,” “Indicated Mineral Resource” and “Inferred Mineral Resource” are defined in and required to be disclosed by NI 43-101; however, these terms are not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7 and are normally not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves. “Indicated Mineral Resource” and “Inferred Mineral Resource” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all, or any part, of an Indicated Mineral Resource or Inferred Mineral Resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred Mineral Resources may not form the basis of Feasibility Studies or Pre-Feasibility Studies, except in rare cases. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an Inferred Mineral Resource exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of “contained ounces” in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute “reserves” by SEC standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures.

Accordingly, information contained in this MD&A or incorporated by reference herein contains descriptions of the Company’s mineral deposits that may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

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Mineral Properties

The following is a brief description of the principal mineral property owned by the Company. Additional information can be obtained from Almaden’s website at www.almadenminerals.com and in the 2017 PFS, which is available under the Company’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.

Ixtaca (Tuligtic) – Mexico

The Ixtaca project is 100% owned by the Company, subject to a 2% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty held by Almadex Minerals Ltd. (formerly 1154229 B.C. Ltd.) (“Almadex”).

Location and Ownership

The Ixtaca project lies within the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt about 120 kilometres southeast of the Pachuca gold/silver deposit, which has reported historic production of 1.4 billion ounces of silver and 7 million ounces of gold. The Tuligtic property, located in Puebla State, was acquired by staking in 2001 following prospecting work carried out by the Company in the area. Since that time, Almaden has had agreements to develop the property with three separate parties, all of whom relinquished all rights to the property and none of whom conducted work on the Ixtaca zone. The Ixtaca zone is located along a trend of shallowly eroded epithermal systems that Almaden has identified in eastern Mexico.

Recent Updates

2017 PFS and Updated Resource Estimate

On May 17, 2017, Almaden filed a pre-feasibility study on SEDAR, which was prepared in accordance with NI 43-101.

HIGHLIGHTS (base case uses US$1250/oz gold and US$18/oz silver prices):

• Pre-tax net present value (“NPV”) (5%) of US$484 million and internal rate of return of 54%;

• After-tax NPV (5%) of US$310 million and internal rate of return of 41%;

• Initial capital of US$117 million;

• After-tax payback of initial capital in 2.2 years;

• Total life of mine (“LOM”) production of 1.04 million ounces of gold and 70.9 million ounces of silver doré produced on site (2.07 million gold equivalent ounces, or 143 million silver-equivalent ounces at a 69:1 silver to gold ratio);

• Average annual production over the first 9 years of 88,780 ounces gold and 5.47 million ounces silver (168,100 gold equivalent ounces, or 11.6 million silver equivalent ounces); and

• Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves of 65 million tonnes averaging 0.62 g/t gold and 37.8 g/t silver (average head grade of 1.16 g/t gold equivalent using a 69:1 silver to gold ratio).

Geology, Mineral Resource Estimate and Mineral Reserve Estimate

The Ixtaca deposit is an epithermal gold-silver deposit, mostly hosted by veins in limestone and shale basement rocks with a minor component of disseminated mineralisation hosted in overlying volcanic rocks. In the PFS the limestone host rock comprised 82% of the metal produced, volcanic 8% and black shale 10% on a gold-equivalent basis using a 69:1 silver to gold ratio.

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The mineral resource estimate at the Ixtaca Zone encompasses the Ixtaca Main, North, and Chemalaco Zones. On January 31, 2013, the Company announced a maiden resource on the Ixtaca Zone, which was followed by a resource update on January 22, 2014. Between that time and publication of the PFS, 33,618 metres of drilling were completed in 122 holes. This data was included in the mineral resource estimate dated effective January 17, 2017 (the “Mineral Resource Estimate”), which is included in the PFS. The Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared in accordance with NI 43-101 by Gary Giroux, P.Eng., a Qualified Person under the meaning of NI 43-101, and is summarised in Table 1 below. A total of 472 drill holes intersected the mineralized solids and were used to make the resource estimate. Capping was completed to reduce the effect of outliers within each domain. Uniform down hole 3 meter composites were produced for each domain and used to produce semi-variograms for each variable. Grades were interpolated into blocks 10 x 10 x 6 meters in dimension by ordinary kriging. Specific gravities were determined for each domain from drill core. Estimated blocks were classified as either Measured, Indicated or Inferred based on drill hole density and grade continuity.

The Base Case uses a 0.3g/t gold equivalent (“AuEq”) cut-off, with 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 g/t results included. The AuEq calculation is based upon average prices of US$1250/oz gold and US$18/oz silver.

Table 1- Ixtaca Zone NI 43-101 Measured, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Statement with the base case 0.3 g/t AuEq cut-off highlighted from the Mineral Resource Estimate, as included in the 2017 PFS. Also shown are the 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 g/t AuEq cut-off results. AuEq calculation based average prices of $1250/oz gold and $18/oz silver.

MEASURED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off	Tonnes > Cut-off	Grade>Cut-off			Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t)	(tonnes)	Au (g/t)	Ag (g/t)	AuEq (g/t)	Au (ozs)	Ag (ozs)	AuEq (ozs)
0.30	42,450,000	0.57	35.74	1.09	779	48,780	1,482
0.50	30,940,000	0.71	44.39	1.34	701	44,160	1,337
0.70	23,310,000	0.83	52.47	1.59	625	39,320	1,192
1.00	16,430,000	1.01	62.28	1.91	533	32,900	1,006

INDICATED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off	Tonnes > Cut-off	Grade>Cut-off			Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t)	(tonnes)	Au (g/t)	Ag (g/t)	AuEq (g/t)	Au (ozs)	Ag (ozs)	AuEq (ozs)
0.30	83,370,000	0.45	22.54	0.77	1,195	60,410	2,064
0.50	50,220,000	0.60	29.56	1.02	964	47,730	1,650
0.70	32,280,000	0.75	35.72	1.26	776	37,070	1,311

INFERRED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off	Tonnes > Cut-off	Grade>Cut-off			Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t)	(tonnes)	Au (g/t)	Ag (g/t)	AuEq (g/t)	Au (ozs)	Ag (ozs)	AuEq (ozs)
0.30	47,050,000	0.30	19.15	0.58	457	28,970	874
0.50	19,860,000	0.45	27.31	0.85	288	17,440	540
0.70	10,260,000	0.61	32.98	1.09	202	10,880	359
1.00	4,430,000	0.88	38.50	1.43	125	5,480	204

· The Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared by Gary Giroux, P.Eng. in accordance with NI 43-101, with an effective date of January 17, 2017.

· Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

· The estimate of Mineral Resources may be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal or other relevant issues. The Mineral Resources have been classified according to the CIM Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves.

· All figures were rounded to reflect the relative accuracy of the estimates.

· Metal assays were capped where appropriate.

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A mining design, cost model and production schedule have been developed for the Ixtaca Zone, focused on the near surface high grade limestone hosted portions of the Ixtaca Zone deposit. The mine schedule includes an open pit mining operation with a process plant to produce gold and silver doré. The plant will operate initially at an average plant throughput of 7,650 tonnes per day (tpd) and expanding to 15,300 tpd by Year 5. The process plant is designed to be the Rock Creek Mill relocated to the property and includes conventional crushing, grinding, gravity, floatation, and concentrate leaching using carbon in pulp (“CIP”). In the 2017 PFS, the limestone host rock comprised 82% of the metal produced, volcanic 8% and black shale 10% on a gold-equivalent basis using a 69:1 silver to gold ratio.

Mining is expected to utilize a contractor owned and operated fleet. A series of pit optimizations have been completed using the resource block model, applying a range of metal prices and recoveries, estimated costs for mining, processing, and pit slopes. The operational pits are designed based on the optimized shell, and the potentially mineable portion of the resource is estimated within those pits. The ultimate pit contains a total of 65.1 million tonnes of mill feed at strip ratio of 5.01:1. The mill feed tonnages include a mining loss dilution. Mineral Reserves are shown in the below table assuming an NSR cut-off grade of $15.40/t and are stated as Run of Mine (“ROM”) which represents tonnes of ore delivered to the mill. Mining recovery is 95% for all rock-types. All Inferred Resource class material is treated as waste in calculating economic pit limits and in subsequent reserves reporting, scheduling and economics. The total mineable reserves from the PFS are given below:

The 2017 PFS describes the Mineral Reserve estimation methodology, and summarizes the key assumptions used and to which the mineral reserve estimate, having an effective date of March 30, 2017 (the “Mineral Reserve Estimate”), is subject. The Qualified Person responsible for the Mineral Reserve Estimate is Jesse Aarsen, P.Eng., of Moose Mountain Technical Services.

Recovered In-pit Resources and Diluted Grade
	Run of Mine Tonnes	Diluted Average Grades		Contained Metal
	(millions)	Au (g/t)	Ag (g/t)	Au – ‘000 ozs	Ag – ‘000 ozs
Proven	28.4	0.68	45.0	623	41,032
Probable	36.8	0.57	32.0	669	37,793
TOTAL	65.1	0.62	37.7	1,292	78,825

Notes:

1. Mineral Reserves have an effective date of March 30, 2017. All Mineral Reserves are Proven and Probable, and are not in addition to Mineral Resources, but are a subset thereof. All Mineral Reserves account for mining loss and dilution.

2. Reserves are converted from resources through the process of pit optimization, pit design, production schedule and supported by a positive cash flow model.

3. Reserves are based on a gold price of US$1,250/oz and silver price of US$18.00, and an exchange rate of US$1.00 to MXN$20.00.

4. Associated metallurgical recoveries of gold and silver, respectively, have been estimated at 90% and 90% for limestone, 50% and 90% for volcanic, and 50% and 90% for black shale.

Estimated mining inventory is comprised of 326 million tonnes of rock and 65 million tonnes of mill feed with an average mill feed grade of 0.62 grams per tonne gold and 37.7 grams per tonne silver. A total of 1.04 million ounces of gold and 70.9 million ounces of silver would be produced over the 14 year mine life.

The ultimate open pit is separated into seven mining phases. The mine plan consists of one year of pre-stripping (prior to ore processing start-up), and fourteen years of open pit mining. Stockpile reclaim will be fed to the processing facility throughout the mine life. All open pit ore and reclaimed stockpile material will be fed to a primary crusher near the pit rim and transported to the processing facility on an overland conveyor.

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Processing will use the Rock Creek Mill. The plant will operate initially at an average throughput of 7,650 tpd and expanding to 15,300 tpd by year 5, producing gold and silver doré on site. The process plant includes the following key design criteria:

• three-stage crushing followed by grinding to P80 passing 75 microns;

• gravity concentration with intensive leaching of gravity concentrate;

• flotation of gravity concentration tails;

• CIP to recover gold and silver from flotation concentrate and gravity leach tails;

• an elution circuit to strip loaded carbon, electrowinning and smelting to produce a precious metal doré;

• cyanide destruction; and

• final tailings are thickened, then delivered to the TMF.

The following table summarizes the production and processing parameters:

Projected Production and Processing Summary
Ore Reserves	65 million tonnes
Average Processing Rate	7,650 tpd Year 1 to 4, 15,300 tpd Year 5 onwards
Life of Mine (LOM) Strip Ratio	5 : 1
	Gold	Silver
Average Mill Feed Grade	0.62 g/t	37.7 g/t
Average Process Recoveries	81%	90%
Average Annual Production LOM (ounces)	78,100	5,290,000
Total Production (ounces)	1,043,000	70,932,000

The total estimated initial capital cost is US$116.9 million. Sustaining capital is estimated at US$119.7 million over the LOM. The estimated capital and operating costs estimates have a level of accuracy of +/-20% within the PFS.

The initial capital costs are summarized below:

Projected Initial Capital Costs (USD million)
	Base Case
Mining	$12.1
Process	$35.6
Tailings Management Facility (TMF)	$11.7
Water Management	$5.4
Onsite Infrastructure	$7.6
Offsite Infrastructure	$7.8
Environmental	$1.8
Indirects, EPCM, Contingency and Owner’s Costs	$34.9
Total	$116.9

* Numbers may not add due to rounding

The sustaining capital includes expansion capital of US$72 million which would be funded from cash flow. The expansion capital costs are summarized in the following table:

Expansion Capital Costs (US$ millions)
Mining	$1.3
Process	$35.4
Infrastructure	$12.2
TMF and Water Management	$3.4
Indirects, EPCM, Contingency and Owner’s Costs	$19.7
Total	$72.1

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The total LOM operating costs are US$22.5/tonne mill feed. This estimate includes contractor mining, processing, general & administrative, general mine expense, re-handle, reclamation, Tailings Management Facility and water management operating costs during the period of operations. Initial capital costs are not included in the LOM operating costs. The LOM average costs are summarized below:

Summary of Average LOM Operating Costs (US$/tonne)
	Base Case
Mining costs	$1.70	$/tonne mined
Mining costs	$10.0	$/tonne milled
Processing	$11.6	$/tonne milled
G&A	$0.8	$/tonne milled
Total	$22.5	$/tonne milled

* Numbers may not add due to rounding

The 2017 PFS project economics are based on a gold price of US$1250/oz and silver price of US$18/oz. Project revenue is split between gold and silver with 51% of the revenue from gold and 49% from silver. The after-tax economic analysis includes a corporate tax rate of 30% as well as two new Mexican mining duties of a 7.5% special mining duty and a 0.5% extraordinary mining duty.

A summary of financial outcomes comparing base case metal prices to two alternative metal price situations is presented below. The 2017 PFS base case prices are derived from a combination of spot prices and current common peer usage, while the alternate cases consider the project’s economic outcomes at varying prices witnessed at some point over the three years prior to the date of the 2017 PFS.

Summary of Economic Results and Sensitivities to Metals Price (US$ Million)
	Lower Case			Base Case		Upper Case
	Pre-Tax		After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax
Gold Price (US$/oz)	$1150			$1250		$1350
Silver Price (US$/oz)	$15			$18		$21
NPV (5% discount rate)	$275	$175		$484	$310	$693	$443
Internal Rate of Return (%)	38%	28%		54%	41%	70%	52%
Payback (years)	2.4	2.6		2.0	2.2	1.6	1.9

The operating costs (“Opex”) are projected to be US$22.5 per tonne milled. The following table shows the sensitivity of project economics to a 10% change in the operating costs, assuming base case metals prices:

Summary of Economic Results and Sensitivities to Operating Costs (US$ Million)
	Lower Case		Base Case			Upper Case
	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax		After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax
Opex (US$/t milled)	-10%		$22.5/t			+10%
NPV (5% discount rate)	$581	$372	$484	$310		$386	$248
Internal Rate of Return (%)	61%	46%	54%	41%		48%	35%
Payback (years)	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.2		2.1	2.3

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The initial capital cost is estimated to be US$116.9 million. The following table shows the sensitivity of project economics to a 10% change in the initial capital costs, assuming base case metals prices:

Summary of Economic Results and Sensitivities to Capital Cost (US$ Million)
	Lower Case		Base Case		Upper Case
	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax
Initial Capital (US$m)	-10%		116.9		+10%
NPV (5% discount rate)	$495	$318	$484	$310	$473	$302
Internal Rate of Return (%)	60%	45%	54%	41%	50%	37%
Payback (years)	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.3

The Ixtaca Project is also sensitive to the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and Mexican Pesos (“MXN”). The PFS assumes an exchange rate of 20 MXN per U.S. dollar, and the following table shows the sensitivity of project economics to different exchange rates assuming base case metals prices:

Summary of Economic Results and Sensitivities to Exchange Rate (US$ Million)
	Lower Case		Base Case		Upper Case
	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax	Pre-Tax	After-Tax
Exchange Rate (MXN:USD)	18		20		22
NPV (5% discount rate)	$380	$243	$484	$310	$569	$364
Internal Rate of Return (%)	47%	35%	54%	41%	60%	45%
Payback (years)	2.1	2.3	2.0	2.2	1.9	2.1

Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security

All strongly altered or epithermal-mineralized intervals of core have been sampled. Almaden employs a maximum sample length of 2 to 3m in unmineralized lithologies, and a maximum sample length of 1m in mineralized lithologies. During the years 2010 and 2011, Almaden employed a minimum sample length of 20cm. The minimum sample length was increased to 50cm from 2012 onwards to ensure the availability of sufficient material for replicate analysis. Drill core is half-sawn using industry standard diamond core saws. After cutting, half the core is placed in a new plastic sample bag and half are placed back in the core box. Sample numbers are written on the outside of the sample bags and a numbered tag placed inside the bag. Sample bags are sealed using a plastic cable tie. Sample numbers are checked against the numbers on the core box and the sample book.

ALS Minerals (“ALS”) sends its own trucks to the Ixtaca project to take custody of the samples at the Santa Maria core facility and transports them to its sample preparation facility in Guadalajara or Zacatecas, Mexico. Prepared sample pulps are then forwarded by ALS personnel to the ALS North Vancouver, British Columbia laboratory, which is ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO 9001: 2015 certified, for analysis.

Drill core samples have been subject to gold determination via a 50 gram (g) Atomic Absorption (AA) finish Fire Assay (FA) fusion with a lower detection limit of 0.005ppm Au (5ppb) and upper limit of 10ppm Au (ALS method Au-AA24). Over limit gold values (>10ppm Au) are subject to gravimetric analysis (ALS method Au-GRA22). Silver, base metal and pathfinder elements for drill core samples are analyzed by ICP-AES, with a 4-acid digestion, a lower detection limit of 0.5ppm Ag and upper detection limit of 100ppm Ag (ALS method ME-ICP61). Over limit silver values (>100ppm Ag) are subject to 4-acid digestion ICP-AES analysis with an upper limit of 1,500ppm Ag (ALS method ME-OG62). Ultra-high grade silver values (>1,500ppm Ag) are subject to gravimetric analysis with an upper detection limit of 10,000ppm Ag (Ag-GRA22).

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Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)

For the Tuligtic rock grab sample and soil geochemical programs, the Company utilizes external quality assurance and quality control (“QA/QC”) measures employed by ALS. QA/QC measures at ALS include routine screen tests to verify crushing efficiency, sample preparation duplicates (every 50 samples), and analytical quality controls (blanks, standards, and duplicates). QC samples are inserted with each analytical run, with the minimum number of QC samples dependent on the rack size specific to the chosen analytical method. Results for quality control samples that fall beyond the established limits are automatically red-flagged for serious failures and yellow-flagged for borderline results. Every batch of samples is subject to a dual approval and review process, both by the individual analyst and the Department Manager, before final approval and certification.

Drill core samples are subject to Almaden’s internal QA/QC program, which includes the insertion of analytical standard, blank and duplicate samples into the sample stream. A total of 15 QA/QC samples are present in every 100 samples sent to the laboratory.

QA/QC sample results are reviewed following receipt of each analytical batch. QA/QC samples falling outside established limits are flagged and subject to review and possibly re-analysis, along with the 10 preceding and succeeding samples. Where the re-analyses fall within acceptable QA/QC limits the values are added to the drill core assay database.

Current Work

Since the completion of the 2017 PFS, a team of independent engineers including SRK and MMTS has been appointed to initiate a full FS, under the oversight of the Company. The work is expected to be completed during 2018.

Enhancement Opportunities

As part of the FS work program, Almaden has been exploring the possibility of further project enhancements in the following areas:

• Conducting further drilling in areas internal to and within close proximity to the Ixtaca PFS pit. The focus of drilling will be to identify additional resources which could be mined either by open pit or underground methods for inclusion in future engineering studies.

• The key limestone unit accounts for 99% of total gold equivalent ounces in the first 3 years of production and 82% of total gold equivalent ounces produced over the LOM. Metallurgical recoveries on the key limestone unit are indicated to be 90% for gold and 90% for silver. Metal recoveries within the black shale unit, which currently accounts for approximately 10% of total gold equivalent ounces produced in this 2017 PFS, are indicated to be 50% for gold and 90% for silver based on preliminary testing. Almaden has been investigating potential avenues to improve recovery from the black shale unit.

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Qualified Persons

The following companies have undertaken work in preparation of the 2017 PFS:

• APEX Geoscience Ltd. (Exploration and Drill data QA/QC);

• Giroux Consultants Ltd. (Mineral Resource Estimation);

• MMTS (Overall Report Preparation, Mine Plan, Mineral Reserve, Mineral Processing, Infrastructure, and Financial Model); and

• Knight Piésold Ltd. (“KP”) (Geotechnical, Environmental, Rock and Tailings Management).

The independent qualified persons responsible for preparing the Ixtaca PFS are; Jesse Aarsen, P.Eng. and Tracey Meintjes, P.Eng. of MMTS, Ken Embree, P.Eng. of KP, Kris Raffle, P.Geo. of APEX Geoscience Ltd., and Gary Giroux, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. of Giroux Consultants Ltd., all of whom act as independent consultants to the Company and are Qualified Persons as defined by NI 43-101.

Exploration Opportunities

The Ixtaca deposit is one of several exploration targets on the wholly-owned Tuligtic property. The Tuligtic claim covers an area of high level epithermal clay alteration. The project area is partially covered by volcanic ash deposits which mask underlying alteration, potential vein zones and associated soil responses. In areas devoid of this covering ash, soil sampling has defined several distinct zones of elevated gold and silver values and trace elements typically associated with epithermal vein systems. The Ixtaca zone is one of the largest areas of gold/silver soil response but it is also one of the areas with the least ash cover on the project. Management believes that the other altered and geochemically anomalous areas could represent additional zones of underlying quartz-carbonate epithermal veining similar to the Ixtaca zone.

The potential quantity and grade of these exploration targets are currently conceptual in nature. There has been insufficient exploration and/or study to define these exploration targets as a Mineral Resource. It is uncertain if additional exploration will result in these exploration targets being delineated as a Mineral Resource. The potential quantity and grade of these exploration targets has not been used in the PFS.

Outlook

Almaden has sufficient cash on hand to conduct its anticipated work program for the next fiscal year at Ixtaca. Advanced engineering studies related to the FS will continue to be the emphasis of this year’s work program, as well as preparations necessary to advance permitting activities for the Ixtaca project, which includes the filing of the Environmental Impact Assessment.

RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Below are some of the risks and uncertainties that the Company faces. For a full list of risk factors, please refer to the Company’s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed on SEDAR on March 28, 2018, under the heading “Annual Information Form”.

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Industry

The Company is engaged in the exploration and development of mineral properties, an inherently risky business. There is no assurance that a mineral deposit will ever be discovered, developed and economically produced. Few exploration projects result in the discovery of commercially mineable ore deposits. If market conditions make financings difficult, it may be difficult for the Company to find joint venture partners or to finance development of its projects. The Company may be unsuccessful in identifying and acquiring projects of merit.

Mineral resource estimates

The estimation of resources and mineralization is a subjective process and the accuracy of any such estimates is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. No assurances can be given that the volume and grade of resources recovered and rates of production will not be less than anticipated in the PFS, the Mineral Resource Estimate, the Mineral Reserve Estimate, or otherwise.

The prices of gold, silver and other metals

The price of gold is affected by numerous factors including central bank sales or purchases, producer hedging activities, the relative exchange rate of the U.S. dollar with other major currencies, supply and demand, political, economic conditions and production levels. In addition, the price of gold has been volatile over short periods of time due to speculative activities.

The price of silver is affected by similar factors and, in addition, is affected by having more industrial uses than gold, as well as sometimes being produced as a by-product of mining for other metals with its production thus being more dependent on demand for the main mine product than supply and demand for silver. The prices of other metals and mineral products that the Company may explore for have the same or similar price risk factors.

Cash flows and additional funding requirements

The Company currently has no revenue from operations. Additional capital would be required to continue with advancement and development of its properties. The sources of funds currently available to the Company are equity capital or the offering of an interest in its projects to another party. The Company believes it currently has sufficient financial resources to undertake all of its currently planned programs.

Exchange rates fluctuations

Fluctuations in currency exchange rates, principally the Canadian/U.S. Dollar and the Canadian/MXN exchange rates, can impact cash flows. The exchange rates have varied substantially over time. Most of the Company’s expenses in Mexico are denominated in U.S. Dollars and MXN. Fluctuations in exchange rates may give rise to foreign currency exposure, either favourable or unfavourable, which will impact financial results. The Company does not engage in currency hedging to offset any risk of exchange rate fluctuation.

Environmental

The Company’s exploration and development activities are subject to extensive laws and regulations governing environment protection. The Company is also subject to various reclamation-related conditions. Reclamation requirements are designed to minimize long-term effects of mining exploitation and exploration disturbance by requiring the operating company to control possible deleterious effluents and to re-establish to some degree pre-disturbance land forms and vegetation. The Company is subject to such requirements in connection with its activities at Ixtaca. Any significant environmental issues that may arise, however, could lead to increased reclamation expenditures and could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial resources.

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There can also be no assurance that closure estimates prove to be accurate. The amounts recorded for reclamation costs are estimates unique to a property based on estimates provided by independent consulting engineers and the Company’s assessment of the anticipated timing of future reclamation and remediation work required to comply with existing laws and regulations. Actual costs incurred in future periods could differ from amounts estimated. Additionally, future changes to environmental laws and regulations could affect the extent of reclamation and remediation work required to be performed by the Company. Any such changes in future costs could materially impact the amounts charged to operations for reclamation and remediation.

Although the Company closely follows and believes it is operating in compliance with all applicable environmental regulations, there can be no assurance that all future requirements will be obtainable on reasonable terms. Failure to comply may result in enforcement actions causing operations to cease or be curtailed and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures. Intense lobbying over environmental concerns by NGOs opposed to mining has caused some governments to cancel or restrict development of mining projects. Current publicized concern over climate change may lead to carbon taxes, requirements for carbon offset purchases or new regulation. The costs or likelihood of such potential issues to the Company cannot be estimated at this time.

Laws and regulations

The Company’s exploration activities are subject to extensive federal, provincial, state and local laws and regulations governing prospecting, development, production, exports, taxes, labour standards, occupational health and safety, mine safety and other matters in all the jurisdictions in which it operates. These laws and regulations are subject to change, can become more stringent and compliance can therefore become more costly. These factors may affect both the Company’s ability to undertake exploration and development activities in respect of future properties in the manner contemplated, as well as its ability to continue to explore, develop and operate those properties in which it currently has an interest or in respect of which it has obtained exploration and development rights to date. The Company applies the expertise of its management, advisors, employees and contractors to ensure compliance with current laws and relies on its land men and legal counsel in both Mexico and Canada.

Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities enjoining, curtailing or closing operations or requiring corrective measures, installation of additional equipment or remedial actions, any of which could result in the Company incurring significant expenditures. The Company may also be required to compensate private parties suffering loss or damage by reason of a breach of such laws, regulations or permitting requirements. It is also possible that future laws and regulations, or a more stringent enforcement of current laws and regulations by governmental authorities, could cause additional expense, capital expenditures, restrictions on or suspensions of our operations and delays in the exploration and development of Ixtaca.

Political, economic and social environment

The Company’s mineral properties may be adversely affected by political, economic and social uncertainties which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Areas in which the Company holds or may acquire properties may experience local political unrest and disruption which could potentially affect the Company’s projects or interests. Changes in leadership, social or political disruption or unforeseen circumstances affecting political, economic and social structure could adversely affect the Company’s property interests or restrict its operations. The Company’s mineral exploration and development activities may be affected by changes in government regulations relating to the mining industry and may include regulations on production, price controls, labour, export controls, income taxes, expropriation of property, environmental legislation and safety factors.

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Any shifts in political attitudes or changes in laws that may result in, among other things, significant changes to mining laws or any other national legal body of regulations or policies are beyond the control of the Company and may adversely affect its business. The Company faces the risk that governments may adopt substantially different policies, which might extend to the expropriation of assets or increased government participation in the mining sector. In addition, changes in resource development or investment policies, increases in taxation rates, higher mining fees and royalty payments, revocation or cancellation of mining concession rights or shifts in political attitudes in Mexico may adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company’s relationship with communities in which it operates is critical to the development of the Ixtaca project. Local communities may be influenced by external entities, group or organizations opposed to mining activities. In recent years, anti-mining NGO activity in Mexico has increased. These NGOs have taken such actions as road closures, work stoppages and law suits for damages. These actions relate not only to current activities but often in respect to the mining activities by prior owners of mining properties. Such actions by NGOs may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations at the Ixtaca project and on its financial position, cash flow and results of operations.

Title to mineral properties

While the Company has investigated title to its mineral properties, this should not be construed as a guarantee of title. The properties may be subject to prior unregistered agreements or transfers and title may be affected by undetected defects.

There is a risk that title to the mining concessions, the surface rights and access rights comprising Ixtaca and the necessary infrastructure, may be deficient or subject to dispute. The procurement or enforcement of such rights can be costly and time consuming. In areas where there are local populations or land owners, it may be necessary, as a practical matter, to negotiate surface access. Despite having the legal right to access the surface and carry on construction and mining activities, the Company may not be able to negotiate satisfactory agreements with existing landowners/occupiers for such access, and therefore it may be unable to carry out activities as planned. In addition, in circumstances where such access is denied, or no agreement can be reached, the Company may need to rely on the assistance of local officials or the courts in such jurisdictions, which may delay or impact mining activities as planned.

There is also a risk that the Company’s exploration, development and mining authorizations and surface rights may be challenged or impugned by third parties. In addition, there is a risk that the Company will not be able to renew some or all its licenses in the future. Inability to renew a license could result in the loss of any project located within that license.

Possible dilution to present and prospective shareholders

The Company’s plan of operation, in part, contemplates the financing of its business by the issuance of securities and possibly, incurring debt. Any transaction involving the issuance of previously authorized but unissued shares of common stock, or securities convertible into common stock, would result in dilution, possibly substantial, to present and prospective holders of common stock. Likewise, any debt, royalty, or streaming transaction would result in dilution, possibly substantial, to existing shareholders’ exposure to the potential cash flows generated from the Company’s projects.

15

Material risk of dilution presented by large number of outstanding share purchase options and warrants

At November 7, 2018, there were 9,505,000 stock options and 13,044,712 Warrants (including 521,567 finders’ warrants) outstanding. Directors and officers hold 8,012,000 of the options and 1,493,000 are held by employees and consultants of the Company. Directors and officers hold 62,500 of the Warrants.

Trading volume

The relatively low trading volume of the Common Shares reduces the liquidity of an investment in the Common Shares.

Volatility of share price

Market prices for shares of early stage companies are often volatile. Factors such as announcements of mineral discoveries or discouraging exploration results, changes in financial results, and other factors could have a significant effect on share price.

Competition

There is competition from other mining companies with operations similar to Almaden. Many of the companies with which it competes have operations and financial strength greater than the Company.

Dependence on management

The Company depends heavily on the business and technical expertise of its management.

Conflict of interest

Some of the Company’s directors and officers are directors and officers of other natural resource or mining-related companies. These associations may give rise from time to time to conflicts of interest. As a result of such conflict, the Company may miss the opportunity to participate in certain transactions.

Impairment of Exploration and Evaluation Assets

The Company assesses its exploration and evaluation assets quarterly to determine whether any indication of impairment exists. Common indications of impairment, which is often subjective, include but are not limited to, that the right to explore the assets has expired or will soon expire and is not expected to be renewed, that substantive expenditure of further exploration is not planned, or that results are not compelling enough to warrant further exploration by the Company. At September 30, 2018, the Company concluded that no impairment indicators existed with respect to its exploration and evaluation assets and no impairment of exploration and evaluation assets was recognized.

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SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

The following tables provide selected financial information for the Company’s eight most recently completed fiscal quarters, stated in Canadian dollars in accordance with IFRS:

	Quarter Ended Sep 30, 2018 ($)	Quarter Ended Jun 30, 2018 ($)	Quarter Ended Mar 31, 2018 ($)	Quarter Ended Dec 31, 2017 ($)
Revenue	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil
Other income	216,268	269,376	276,002	226,382
Comprehensive loss	(631,041)	(1,174,705)	(882,420)	(1,450,011)
Basic & diluted net income (loss) per share	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
Total assets	74,384,213	75,353,555	66,485,105	66,803,196
Total long term liabilities	1,434,882	1,434,882	1,434,882	1,434,882
Cash dividends declared	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil

	Quarter Ended Sep 30, 2017 ($)	Quarter Ended Jun 30, 2017 ($)	Quarter Ended Mar 31, 2017 ($)	Quarter Ended Dec 31, 2016 ($)
Revenue	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil
Other income	63,460	46,335	132,271	243,582
Comprehensive loss	(1,460,764)	(820,337)	(1,500,183)	(705,152)
Basic & diluted net income (loss) per share	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.02)	(0.01)
Total assets	65,633,341	66,048,790	50,755,745	47,513,895
Total long term liabilities	1,434,882	1,434,882	1,434,882	1,434,882
Cash dividends declared	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil

Quarterly variances in other income are dependent on the interest income earned from various levels of cash balances and cost recoveries from administrative services earned from Azucar Minerals Ltd. (formerly Almadex Minerals Limited) (“Azucar”) and Almadex. The main causes of change in comprehensive loss include share-based payments relating to the fair values of stock options granted, salaries and benefits relating to the new hires due to increased development stage activities, and foreign exchange gain (loss) from foreign exchange rate fluctuations as discussed in Review of Operations and Financial Results section below.

Review of Operations and Financial Results

Results of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a comprehensive loss of $631,041, or $0.01 per common share, compared to a comprehensive loss of $1,460,764, or $0.01 per common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in comprehensive loss of $829,723 was primarily a result of a $767,040 decrease in share-based payments and $22,657 decrease in travel and promotion, offset by $114,748 increase in salaries and benefits and $69,438 increase in other income.

Because the Company is an exploration company, it has no revenue from mining operations. Interest and other income of $216,268 (September 30, 2017 - $63,460) during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 consisted primarily of interest income of $36,401 (September 30, 2017 - $46,779) and income from administrative services fees earned from Azucar of $116,087 (September 30, 2017 - $111,806), and from Almadex of $75,535 effective May 18, 2018 (September 30, 2017 - $nil). The Company has an administrative service agreement with these two companies as described under the heading “Transactions with Related Parties”.

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Operating expenses were $847,309 during the three months ended September 30, 2018 (September 30, 2017 - $1,524,224). Certain operating expenses were reported on a gross basis and recovered through other income from the administrative services agreements with Azucar and Almadex. The decrease in operating expenses of $676,915 is mainly the result of a decrease in share-based payments relating to the fair value from stock options granted of $767,040 and decrease in travel expenses of $22,657 from site visits to the Ixtaca project. The decrease during the quarter in operating expenses are partially offset by increase of salaries and benefits of $114,748 due to the new hires, an increase in professional fees of $6,264 in legal expenses due to more corporate affairs during the current quarter.

Results of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a comprehensive loss of $2,688,166 or $0.03 per common share compared to a comprehensive loss of $3,781,284 or $0.04 per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in comprehensive loss of $1,093,118 was primarily a result of a decrease in operating expense totalling $573,538 and an increase in other income of $519,580.

Because the Company is an exploration company, it has no revenue from mining operations. Other income of $761,646 (2017 - $242,066) during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, consisted of mainly interest income earned on its cash and cash equivalents and other income from administrative services fees of $457,380 (2017 - $320,078). Also included in other income is a foreign exchange gain of $184,586 (2017 foreign exchange loss - $169,710) due to a higher exchange rate on USD cash balances as of September 30, 2018.

Operating expenses were $3,449,812 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (September 30, 2017 - $4,023,350). Certain operating expenses were reported on a gross basis and recovered through other income from the administrative services agreements with Azucar and Almadex. effective May 18, 2018. The decrease in operating expenses of $573,538 is mainly the result of a decreased in share-based payments by $832,310 due to a reduction in the fair values of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and an increase in salaries and benefits of $276,864 due to the new hires as the Company plans to enter into development stage and requires additional personnel for such development stage activities.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

At September 30, 2018, the Company had working capital of $7,950,067, including cash and cash equivalents of $8,618,603, compared to working capital of $16,846,947, including cash and cash equivalents of $17,159,599 at September 30, 2017. The decrease in working capital of $8,896,880 is mainly due to the cash mobilization expenditures and option payments on the Rock Creek mill recorded in the property, plant and equipment.

The Company has a deferred income tax liability in the amount of $1,434,882. The deferred income tax liability relates to the Mexican income tax and Special Mining Duty associated with the Ixtaca project.

Management believes that the Company’s cash resources are sufficient to meet its working capital and mineral exploration requirements for its next fiscal year.

Three months ended September 30, 2018

Net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $739,983 (September 30, 2017 - $579,161), after adjusting for non-cash activities.

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Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $2,821,738 (September 30, 2017 - $2,190,909). Significant items include property plant and equipment $798,305 (September 30, 2017 - $190,142), and exploration and evaluation assets of $2,023,433 (September 30, 2017 - $1,474,926).

Net cash used from financing activities during the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $95,411 (September 30, 2017 – $31,400) as a result of late expenses incurred related to a non-brokered private placement that closed on June 7, 2018, net of share issue costs.

Management estimates that the current cash position and potential future cash flows will be sufficient for the Company to carry out its anticipated exploration and operating plans for the foreseeable future. There may be circumstances where, for sound business reasons, a reallocation of funds may be necessary in order for the Company to achieve its stated business objectives.

Nine months ended September 30, 2018

Net cash used in operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $1,556,647 (2017 - $1,922,680), after adjusting for non-cash activities.

Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $15,005,370 (2017 - $10,976,393). Significant items include deposit on mill equipment $7,694,900 (September 30, 2017 - $3,642,826) which is composed of a final option payment of $4,876,500 and mobilization payment of $2,818,400 (Note 5 of the September 30, 2018 condensed consolidated interim financial statement) during the period, property plant and equipment of $802,803 (September 30, 2017 - $280,529), and exploration and evaluation assets of $6,507,667 (2017 - $7,053,038).

Net cash from financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $8,846,086 (2017 - $20,288,666) as a result of a non-brokered private placement that closed on June 7, 2018, net of share issue costs.

Management estimates that the current cash position and potential future cash flows from in the money stock options and warrants will be sufficient for the Company to carry out its anticipated exploration and operating plans for the foreseeable future. There may be circumstances where, for sound business reasons, a reallocation of funds may be necessary in order for the Company to achieve its stated business objectives.

DISCLOSURE OF OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA

Common Shares

The authorized share capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value. As of date of this MD&A, there were 111,639,625 common shares issued and outstanding and 134,189,337 common shares outstanding on a diluted basis. The Company had the following common shares outstanding as at the dates indicated:

	Number of Common Shares Issued & Outstanding	Share Capital Amount
December 31, 2016	86,165,443	$95,290,220
December 31, 2017	102,199,625	$118,054,463
November 7, 2018	111,639,625	$126,863,983

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Share Issuances during Fiscal 2018

On June 7, 2018, the Company closed the private placement and issued 9,440,000 units at a price of $1.00 per unit for gross proceeds of $9,440,000. Each unit consists of one common share and one-half of one warrant. Each whole warrant allows the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $1.35 per common share until June 7, 2022. Share issuance costs included finders’ fee of $384,900 in cash, and finders’ warrants to purchase up to 192,450 common shares at a price of $1.35 per common share until June 7, 2020. The fair value of the finders’ warrants was $36,566 per statement of equity. In connection with the private placement, the Company also incurred $209,014 in other cash share issuance costs. These amounts were recorded as a reduction to share capital. The net proceeds of the private placement of $8,846,086 were allocated to share capital during the period ended September 30, 2018.

Warrants

The following table summarizes information about warrants outstanding at November 7, 2018:

Expiry date	Exercise price	Dec 31, 2017	Issued	Exercised	Expired	November 7, 2018
November 25, 2018	$2.00	1,614,541	-	-	-	1,614,541
November 25, 2018	$1.44	22,972	-	-	-	22,972
June 1, 2019	$2.00	295,734	-	-	-	295,734
August 7, 2019	$2.00	1,259,704	-	-	-	1,259,704
August 7, 2019	$1.35	10,411	-	-	-	10,411
June 1, 2020	$2.45	4,928,900	-	-	-	4,928,900
June 7, 2020	$1.35	-	192,450	-	-	192,450
June 7, 2022	$1.35	-	4,720,000	-	-	4,720,000
Warrants outstanding   and exercisable		8,132,262	4,912,450	-	-	13,044,712
Weighted average   exercise price		$ 2.27	$ 1.35	-	-	$ 1.92

The table in Note 12(c) to the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 summarizes information about warrants outstanding as at December 31, 2017.

Stock Options

The Company grants directors, officers, employees and contractors options to purchase common shares under its stock option plan. This plan and its terms, as well as options outstanding as at December 31, 2017, are detailed in Note 12(d) to the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at November 7, 2018.

Expiry date	Exercise price	Dec 31, 2017	Granted	Exercised	Expired	November 7, 2018
April 4, 2018	$ 1.74	90,000	-	-	(90,000)	-
May 6, 2018	$ 1.41	100,000	-	-	(100,000)	-
June 8, 2018	$ 1.44	1,915,000	-	-	(1,915,000)	-
June 18, 2018	$ 1.46	250,000	-	-	(250,000)	-
June 29, 2018	$ 1.71	15,000	-	-	(15,000)	-
August 9, 2018	$ 1.91	491,000	-	-	(491,000)	-
September 15, 2018	$ 1.85	170,000	-	-	(170,000)	-
December 11, 2018	$ 0.72	590,000	-		-	590,000
December 11, 2018	$ 1.68	150,000	-	-	-	150,000

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Expiry date	Exercise price	Dec 31, 2017	Granted	Exercised	Expired	November 7, 2018
December 11, 2018	$ 1.80	20,000	-	-	-	20,000
January 2, 2019	$ 1.04	375,000	-	-	-	375,000
March 17, 2019	$ 1.35	207,000	-	-	-	207,000
May 4, 2019	$ 1.99	175,000	-	-	-	175,000
May 19, 2019	$ 1.84	75,000	-	-	-	75,000
June 12, 2019	$ 1.89	75,000	-	-	-	75,000
July 2, 2019	$ 1.32	150,000	-	-	-	150,000
July 2, 2019	$ 1.19	60,000	-	-	-	60,000
July 2, 2019	$ 1.34	1,427,000	-	-	-	1,427,000
September 19, 2019	$ 1.40	1,160,000	-	-	-	1,160,000
April 10, 2020	$ 1.03	-	90,000	-	-	90,000
April 30, 2020	$ 1.53	500,000	-	-	-	500,000
April 30, 2020	$ 1.14	100,000	-	-	-	100,000
April 30, 2020	$ 1.04	-	100,000	-	-	100,000
June 8, 2020	$ 0.98	-	2,180,000	-	-	2,180,000
September 30, 2020	$ 1.25	1,195,000	-	-	(100,000)	1,095,000
September 30, 2020	$ 0.83	-	106,000	-	-	106,000
September 30, 2020	$ 0.79	-	170,000	-	-	170,000
February 7, 2021	$ 1.11	-	300,000	-	-	300,000
March 29, 2021	$ 1.08	-	400,000	-	-	400,000
Options outstanding   and exercisable		9,290,000	3,346,000	-	(3,131,000)	9,505,000
Weighted average
exercise price		$ 1.39	$ 0.99	-	$ 1.54	$1.20

ENVIRONMENTAL PROVISIONS AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTINGENCY

The Company’s mining and exploration activities are subject to various federal, provincial and state laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. These laws and regulations are continually changing and generally becoming more restrictive. The Company conducts its operations so as to protect public health and the environment and believes its operations are in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. The Company has made, and expects to make in the future, expenditures to comply with such laws and regulations. The Company estimates that future reclamation and site restoration costs based on the Company’s exploration activities to date are not significant however the ultimate amount of reclamation and other future site restoration costs to be incurred in the future is uncertain.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.

CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS

The Company has entered into a new operating lease for office premises effective April 1, 2017 through June 30, 2022. As at September 30, 2018, the remaining payments for executive contracts and the operating lease are due as follows:

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	Total
Office lease	$   37,583	$ 154,182	$ 157,480	$ 158,304	$   39,576	$    547,125
Executive contracts	143,750	267,917	240,000	240,000	-	891,667
Total	$ 181,333	$ 422,099	$ 397,480	$ 398,304	$   39,576	$ 1,438,792

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TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

(a) Compensation of key management personnel

Key management includes members of the Board, the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer and the Vice President, Corporate Development. The net aggregate compensation paid or payable to key management for services (after recovery from Almadex (Note 9(b) of the September 30, 2018 condensed consolidated interim financial statement) was as follows:

Three months ended September 30, 2018	Fees	Share-based Payments(1)	Total
Chairman	$   30,000	$   12,500	$   42,500
President & CEO	41,875	-	41,875
CFO	28,125	-	28,125
VP Corporate Development	26,500	-	26,500
VP Operations and Projects	81,055	-	81,055
Directors	-	44,110	44,110
	$ 207,555	$   56,610	$ 264,165

Nine months ended September 30, 2018	Fees	Share-based Payments(1)	Total
Chairman	$ 108,194	$ 157,500	$    265,694
President & CEO	151,020	203,000	354,020
CFO	129,556	66,750	196,306
VP Corporate Development	122,071	5,800	127,871
VP Operations and Projects	162,268	144,000	306,268
Directors	70,000	342,610	412,610
	$ 743,109	$ 919,660	$ 1,662,769
Three months ended September 30, 2017	Fees	Share-based Payments	Total
Chairman	$   42,000	$    79,200	$ 121,200
President & CEO	53,375	426,200	479,575
CFO	35,613	55,200	90,813
VP Corporate Development	33,687	48,000	81,687
Directors	-	165,600	165,600
	$ 164,675	$ 774,200	$ 938,875

Nine months ended September 30, 2017	Fees	Share-based Payments	Total
Chairman	$ 126,000	$   304,200	$    430,200
President & CEO	160,125	615,200	775,325
CFO	106,837	102,450	209,287
VP Corporate Development	101,063	93,000	194,063
Directors	70,000	400,320	470,320
	$ 564,025	$ 1,515,170	$ 2,079,195

⁽¹⁾ Share-based Payments are related to the fair value of options granted and are calculated based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model (Note 8 (c) of the September 30, 2018 condensed consolidated interim financial statements), which is discussed in Critical Accounting Estimates section of this MD&A.

(b) Azucar Minerals Ltd. and Almadex Minerals Ltd.

Effective August 1, 2015, the Company recovers a portion of expenses from Azucar pursuant to an administrative services agreement between the Company and Azucar.

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Effective May 18, 2018, the Company also recovers a portion of expenses from Almadex pursuant to the administrative service agreements between the Company and Almadex.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received $116,087 (September 30, 2017 - $111,806) from Azucar for administrative services fees included in other income and received $75,535 (September 30, 2017 - $Nil) from Almadex for the three month period for administrative services fees included in other income.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received $345,390 (September 30, 2017 – $320,078) from Azucar for administrative services fees included in other income, and received $111,990 (September 30, 2017 - $Nil) from Almadex for the nine month period for administrative services fees included in other income.

At September 30, 2018, included in accounts receivable is $89,528 (December 31, 2017 - $195,551) due from Azucar, and $57,846 (December 31, 2017 - $Nil) due from Almadex in relation to expense recoveries.

At September 30, 2018, the Company accrued $249,128 (December 31, 2017 - $153,038) payable to Almadex for drilling equipment rental services in Mexico.

(c) Other related party transactions

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company employed the Chairman’s daughter for a salary of $10,325 and $30,975 respectively (2017 - $9,075 and $25,975, respectively) for marketing and administrative services provided to the Company.

On June 7, 2018, Elaine Ellingham, a director of the Company, acquired 25,000 Units under the Private Placement at a price of $1.00 per Unit. Such participation in the Private Placement was considered to be a “related party transaction” as defined under Multilateral Instrument 61-101 Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions (“MI 61-101”). The Private Placement was exempt from the formal valuation and minority shareholder approval requirements of MI 61-101 as neither the fair market value of the Units issued to, nor the consideration paid by, Ms. Ellingham exceeds 25% of the Company’s market capitalization.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The fair values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and trade and other payables approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Significant assumptions are discussed in Critical Accounting Estimates section of this MD&A.

The Company does not carry any financial instrument at fair value.

The Company is exposed to certain financial risks, including currency risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, and commodity and equity price risk.

(a) Currency risk

The Company’s property interests in Mexico make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations and inflationary pressures which may adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is affected by changes in exchange rates between the Canadian dollar, the US dollar and the Mexican Peso. The Company does not invest in foreign currency contracts to mitigate the risks.

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As at September 30, 2018, the Company was exposed to foreign exchange risk through the following monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the applicable subsidiary:

All amounts in Canadian dollars	US dollar	Mexican peso
Cash and cash equivalents	$     869,095	$     416,680
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses	-	55,676
Total assets	$     869,095	$     472,356
Trade and other payables	$     516,591	$     305,745
Total liabilities	$     516,591	$     305,745
Net assets	$    352,504	$    166,611

A 10% change in the US dollar exchange rate relative to the Canadian dollar would change the Company’s net loss by $35,000.

A 10% change in the Mexican Peso exchange rate relative to the Canadian dollar would change the Company’s net loss by $17,000.

(b) Credit risk

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held in large Canadian financial institutions, located in both Canada and Mexico. Cash equivalents mature at various dates during the twelve months following the statement of financial position date. The Company’s excise tax included in accounts receivables and prepaid expenses consists primarily of sales tax due from the federal government of Canada.

To mitigate exposure to credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, the Company has established policies to limit the concentration of credit risk with any given banking institution where the funds are held, to ensure counterparties demonstrate minimum acceptable credit risk worthiness and ensure liquidity of available funds.

As at September 30, 2018, the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk was the carrying value of its cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable.

(c) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages liquidity risk through the management of its capital structure. Trade and other payables are due within twelve months of the statement of financial position date.

(d) Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company is exposed to varying interest rates on cash and cash equivalents. The Company has no interest-bearing debt.

A 1% change in the interest rate would change the Company’s net loss by $86,000.

(e) Commodity and equity price risk

The ability of the Company to explore its exploration and evaluation assets and the future profitability of the Company are directly related to the market price of gold and other precious metals. The Company monitors gold prices to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on the Company’s performance due to movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stock market.

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Management of Capital

The Company considers its capital to consist of components of equity. The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to pursue the exploration of its exploration and evaluation assets and to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares and, acquire or dispose of assets.

In order to maximize ongoing exploration efforts, the Company does not pay out dividends. The Company’s investment policy is to invest its short-term excess cash in highly liquid short-term interest-bearing investments with short term maturities, selected with regards to the expected timing of expenditures from continuing operations.

The Company expects its current capital resources will be sufficient to carry out its exploration plans and operations for the foreseeable future. The Company is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements. There were no changes to the Company’s approach to the management of capital during the period.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Based on historical experience and current conditions, management makes assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates and assumptions form the basis for judgements about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and reported amounts for revenues and expenses. Actual outcomes may differ from these judgements and estimates. These estimates and assumptions are also affected by management’s application of accounting policies, which is contained in Note 2 (d) of the December 31, 2017 annual consolidated financial statements. The impacts of such judgements and estimates are pervasive throughout the consolidated financial statements and may require accounting adjustments based on future occurrences. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised and the revision affects both current and future periods.

Significant assumptions about the future, and other sources of judgements and estimates that management has made at the statement of financial position dates, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the event that actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not limited to, the following:

o the analysis of the functional currency for each entity of the Company determined by conducting an analysis of the consideration factors identified in IAS 21, “The Effect of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates”. In concluding that the Canadian dollar is the functional currency of the parent and its subsidiary companies, management considered the currency that mainly influences the cost of providing goods and services in each jurisdiction in which the Company operates. As no single currency was clearly dominant, the Company also considered secondary indicators, including the currency in which funds from financing activities are denominated and the currency in which funds are retained;

o the determination that the carrying amount of the Tuligtic project will be recovered through use rather than sale.

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o the recoverability of accounts receivable which is included in the consolidated statements of financial position;

o the estimated annual gains or losses from income and dilution on the former investment in associate;

o the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment which are included in the consolidated statements of financial position and the related depreciation included in profit or loss;

o the recoverability of the value of exploration and evaluation assets, which is recorded in the statements of financial position;

o the provision for income taxes which is included in profit or loss and composition of deferred income tax liability included in the consolidated statement of financial position and the evaluation of the recoverability of deferred tax assets based on an assessment of the Company’s ability to utilize the underlying future tax deductions against future taxable income prior to expiry of those deductions; and

o the assessment of indications of impairment of each exploration and evaluation asset and related determination of the net realizable value and write-down of those assets where applicable;

In addition to the foregoing, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of options and warrants in order to calculate share-based payments expense and the fair value of finders’ warrants and stock options. Certain inputs into the model are estimates that involve considerable judgment and are or could be affected by significant factors that are out of the Company’s control.

CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICY, INCLUDING INITIAL ADOPTION

Application of new and revised accounting standards effective January 1, 2018

The Company has initially adopted IFRS 9, Financial Instruments from January 1, 2018. The effect of initially applying this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. A number of other new standards are also effective from January 1, 2018, however, were also deemed to not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

IFRS 9 sets out requirements for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and some contracts to buy or sell non-financial items. This standard replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. There was no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements as a result of transitioning to IFRS 9.

The details of the new significant accounting policies and the nature and effect of the changes to previous accounting policies are set out below.

(i) Classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities

IFRS 9 largely retains the existing requirements in IAS 39 for the classification and measurement of financial liabilities. However, it eliminates the previous IAS 39 categories for financial assets held to maturity, loans and receivables, and available for sale.

The adoption of IFRS 9 has not had a significant effect on the Company’s accounting policies related to financial liabilities. The impact of IFRS 9 on the classification and measurement of financial assets is set out below.

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A financial asset is classified as measured at: amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”), or fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). The classification of financial assets is generally based on the business model in which a financial asset is managed and its contractual cash flow characteristics. Derivatives embedded in contracts where the host is a financial asset in the scope of the standard are never separated. Instead, the hybrid financial instrument as a whole is assessed for classification. The Company's financial assets which consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable are classified at amortized cost.

(ii) Impairment of financial assets

An ‘expected credit loss’ (“ECL”) model applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, contract assets and debt investments at FVOCI, but not to investments in equity instruments. The Company's financial assets measured at amortized cost and subject to the ECL model include cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable.

The adoption of the ECL impairment model had no impact on the carrying amounts of the Company's financial assets on the transition date given the accounts receivable are substantially all current and there has been minimal historical customer default. Moreover, cash and cash equivalents have not been subject to historical credit risk.

Future accounting standards

The pronouncements set out below have been issued by the IASB or IFRIC but were not yet effective as at September 30, 2018. The Company intends to adopt these standards and interpretations when they become effective. Pronouncements that are not applicable to the Company have been excluded from those described below

Leases

IFRS 16 - In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, Leases (“IFRS 16”) which replaces IAS 17, Leases and its associated interpretative guidance. IFRS 16 applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between a lease and a service contract on the basis of whether the customer controls the asset being leased. For those assets determined to meet the definition of a lease, IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to the accounting by lessees, introducing a single, on-balance sheet accounting model that is similar to current finance lease accounting, with limited exceptions for short-term leases or leases of low value assets. Lessor accounting remains similar to current accounting practice. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with early application permitted for entities that apply IFRS 15. The Company is currently considering the impact, if any, of the standard on its future consolidated financial statements.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information is gathered and reported to senior management, including the CEO and CFO, on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure. Management of the Company, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as at September 30, 2018, as required by Canadian securities law. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and the CFO concluded that, as of September 30, 2018, the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s annual filings and interim filings (as such terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings), and other reports filed or submitted under Canadian securities laws, were recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified by those laws, and that material information was accumulated and communicated to management of the Company, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate to allow for accurate disclosure to be made on a timely basis.

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INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

a) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

b) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the Company’s financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorization of management and directors of the Company; and

c) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

The Company assesses annually its internal control over financial reporting; however it cannot provide an absolute level of assurance because of the inherent limitations in control systems to prevent or detect all misstatements due to error or fraud. Based on evaluations of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting, the CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective and was operating at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 that materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT

Directors:

Duane Poliquin, P.Eng

Morgan Poliquin, P.Eng, Ph.D

Jack McCleary, P.Geol

Gerald Carlson, Ph.D, P.Eng

Mark T. Brown, CPA, CA

William J. Worrall, Q.C.

Elaine Ellingham, MSc., MBA, P.Geo

Audit Committee members:

Mark T. Brown, CPA, CA

Gerald Carlson, Ph.D, P.Eng

William J. Worrall, Q.C.

Compensation Committee members:

Jack McCleary, P.Geol

Gerald Carlson, Ph.D, P.Eng

William J. Worrall, Q.C.

Mark T. Brown, CPA, CA

Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee members:

Jack McCleary, P.Geol

Gerald Carlson, Ph.D, P.Eng

William J. Worrall, Q.C.

Technical Committee Members:

Duane Poliquin, P.Eng

Morgan Poliquin, P.Eng, Ph.D

Gerald Carlson, Ph.D, P.Eng

Elaine Ellingham, MSc., MBA, P.Geo

Management:

Duane Poliquin, P.Eng – Chairman

Morgan Poliquin, P.Eng, Ph.D – Chief Executive Officer, President

Korm Trieu, CPA, CA – Chief Financial Officer, Corporate Secretary

Douglas McDonald, M.A.Sc, B.Com. – Vice President, Corporate Development

Laurence Morris, B.Sc. – Vice President Operations & Projects

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EX-99.3

Exhibit 99.3

CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS

FULL CERTIFICATE

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

I, Morgan Poliquin, Chief Executive Officer of Almaden Minerals Ltd., certify the following:

1. Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the “interim filings”), of Almaden Minerals Ltd. (the “issuer”) for the interim period ended September 30, 2018.

2. No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

3. Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

4. Responsibility: The issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.

5. Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.

5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer’s ICFR is the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

5.2 ICFR – material weakness relating to design: N/A.

5.3 Limitation on scope of design: N/A

6. Reporting changes in ICFR: The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2018 and ended on September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer’s ICFR.

Date: November 7, 2018

“Morgan Poliquin”

Chief Executive Officer

EX-99.4

Exhibit 99.4

CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS

FULL CERTIFICATE

Almaden Minerals Ltd.

I, Korm Trieu, Chief Financial Officer of Almaden Minerals Ltd., certify the following:

1. Review: I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the “interim filings”), of Almaden Minerals Ltd. (the “issuer”) for the interim period ended September 30, 2018.

2. No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

3. Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

4. Responsibility: The issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.

5. Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.

5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer’s ICFR is the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

5.2 ICFR – material weakness relating to design: N/A.

5.3 Limitation on scope of design: N/A

6. Reporting changes in ICFR: The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer’s ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2018 and ended on September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer’s ICFR.

Date: November 7, 2018

“Korm Trieu”

Chief Financial Officer