-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, VfmMFl7VsQvQROfful09wyVv7YwkezcZWVbKWC9t+tNs2QIwBClQZJUXgHbJsFer 6l6bbOim9+vnsb7oyv58Ww== 0001193125-06-051060.txt : 20060310 0001193125-06-051060.hdr.sgml : 20060310 20060310162159 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-06-051060 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 8 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20051231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20060310 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20060310 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: POLYCOM INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001010552 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH APPARATUS [3661] IRS NUMBER: 943128324 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-27978 FILM NUMBER: 06679617 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 4750 WILLOW ROAD CITY: PLEASANTON STATE: CA ZIP: 94588-2708 BUSINESS PHONE: 9259246000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 4750 WILLOW RD CITY: PLEASANTON STATE: CA ZIP: 94588 10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 


 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                      to                     

 

Commission file number 000-27978

 


 

POLYCOM, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Delaware   94-3128324

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

4750 Willow Road, Pleasanton, California   94588
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

(925) 924-6000

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

 


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Common Stock, $0.0005 par value, per share

Preferred Share Rights (currently attached to and trading only with Common Stock)

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  x

  Accelerated filer  ¨   Non-accelerated Filer  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 in Exchange Act)    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

As of June 30, 2005, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, there were 96,527,340 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding and the aggregate market value of such shares held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the closing sale price of such shares on the Nasdaq National Market on June 30, 2005, was approximately $1,437,648,531. Shares of Common Stock held by each executive officer and director and by each person who beneficially owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may under certain circumstances be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of executive officer or affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

 

86,969,844 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock were outstanding as of February 28, 2006.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.

 

Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Such Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 



SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Some of the statements under the sections entitled “Business,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and “Risk Factors,” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in the documents incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” “will,” “intend,” “potential,” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and situations, including those disclosed in “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, that may cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity or performance expressed or implied by these statements.

 

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason.

 

PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

GENERAL

 

We are a leading global provider of a line of high-quality, easy-to-use communications equipment that enables enterprise users to more effectively conduct video, voice, data and web communications. Our offerings are organized along four product lines: Video Communications, Voice Communications, Network Systems, and Services. For reporting purposes, we aggregate Video Communications and Voice Communications into one segment named Communications and report Network Systems and Services as separate segments.

 

Our products are unified under The Polycom Accelerated Communications Architecture, a framework of common technology principles and objectives for intelligent, standards-based communications. This architecture is designed to facilitate interoperability among systems in a multi-vendor ecosystem, leverage common features across a variety of products and streamline management processes. The Polycom Accelerated Communications Architecture serves as the enabling platform for unified collaborative communication, our corporate vision of a unified communications environment for employees, customers and partners to communicate in a dispersed workplace.

 

The shift from circuit-switched telephony networks to Internet Protocol (IP) based networks is a significant driver for Polycom’s collaborative communications markets and for our business. In 2005, for instance, our Voice over IP (VoIP) products grew faster than any other product line in the company. In addition, over half of our group video products and essentially all of our desktop video products were shipped to connect to IP environments rather than legacy ISDN networks. Strategically, Polycom is investing much of its research, development, sales and marketing efforts into delivering a superior IP-based collaborative communications solution, using Polycom proprietary technology in the evolving, standards-based IP communications environment. Our goal is to deliver best of breed collaborative communications solutions that integrate into any enterprise call management system or instant message environment.

 

Our business operates in three segments, Communications, Network Systems and Services. Our Communications segment includes videoconferencing collaboration products and voice communications products and accounted for 72% of our revenues in 2005. Our Network Systems segment includes our MGC and ReadiVoice® series of media servers, our ReadiManager network management product, our

 

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PathNavigator call processing server, and our other network management and scheduling software and accounted for 16% of revenues in 2005. Our Services segment includes a wide range of professional service and support offerings to our resellers and directly to some end-user customers and accounted for 12% of revenues in 2005. In addition, we acquired DSTMedia Technology Co., Ltd. (DSTMedia), a small Beijing, China based company, in August 2005 and its products are included in our Communications and Network Systems segments. Also, in January 2004 we acquired Voyant Technologies, Inc. and its voice bridging products and services are included in our Network Systems and Services segments, respectively. See Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our segments, including a summary of our segment revenues, segment contribution margin, segment inventory and revenue by geography. A discussion of factors potentially affecting our operations is set forth in “Risk Factors,” in Item 1A.

 

In January 2003, we sold certain fixed assets and intellectual property rights relating to our network access product line. Our Consolidated Financial Statements reflect our network access product line as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, or SFAS 144. The results of operations of our network access product line have been classified as discontinued, and prior periods have been reclassified, including the reallocation of general overhead charges to our three remaining reporting segments. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our discontinued operations. Unless otherwise indicated, the following discussion relates to our continuing operations.

 

We have established relationships with leading communications and technology firms to assist us in developing, marketing, distributing and manufacturing our products. For example, we have agreements with Avaya and Cisco Systems to develop and market voice-over-IP, or VoIP, and video communications products. We have formed strategic relationships with leading companies such as Avaya to jointly develop IP telephony-enabled video solutions and for Avaya to sell and service other Polycom products globally. We also have a co-development and marketing agreement with Microsoft to integrate our respective desktop, conference room, and network hardware and software solutions. We sell our products through a broad network of channel partners, including distributors, value-added resellers, systems integrators, leading communications service providers and retailers. In late 2002 and 2003, we implemented changes to our channel partner contracts and changes to our channel partner strategy, mainly in North America, which resulted in a smaller number of channel partners, a change in the mix of our channel partners and a shift to a model with more direct interaction between us and our end-user customers. In 2004, we began to expand this channel partner strategy globally, which resulted in a shift to a model with more direct interaction between us and our end-user customers. In 2005, we changed our cooperative marketing model with our channel partners, resulting in Polycom taking more control over these channel marketing expenditures. We also launched several programs aimed at driving a higher level of Polycom business through our channel partners. We manufacture our products through a low-cost, outsourced model optimized for quality, reliability and fulfillment agility.

 

We were incorporated in December 1990 in Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at 4750 Willow Road, Pleasanton, California 94588, and our telephone number at this location is (925) 924-6000. Our Internet Website address is www.polycom.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such reports are available, free of charge, on our Internet website under “Investor Relations—Financial Summaries—Financial and SEC Filings,” as soon as reasonably practicable after we file electronically such material with, or furnish it to, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Information on our website does not constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The public may also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding us that we file electronically with the SEC.

 

Polycom and the Polycom logo are registered trademarks of Polycom, Inc. This Annual Report on Form 10-K also includes other trade names, trademarks and service marks of ours and of other companies.

 

3


MARKETS AND PRODUCTS

 

Communications Segment

 

Video Conferencing

 

Video communication is an emerging method of more natural and effective collaboration among individuals separated by distance. With the increasing availability of broadband services, migration to IP networks and advances in video conferencing technology, many enterprises and government entities are now seeking communications equipment capable of utilizing available bandwidth to enable real-time and on-demand video conferencing. Globalization, outsourcing, mobility and travel restrictions are workplace realities during a period when organizations are striving for faster decision-making, faster time-to-market and the leveraging of their resources. Polycom’s collaborative communications products bridge that gap through the use of video conferencing, coupled with our voice communications and web-based content sharing. We provide solutions suited for the Enterprise, Government, Education, and Healthcare vertical markets.

 

Polycom offers a family of video conferencing products. Our VSX and V-series product lines comprise a suite of high-performance, cost-effective and easy-to-use group video conferencing systems. Our Polycom PVX desktop video conferencing product extends professional-grade video conferencing to the desktop or laptop PC. Multiple options exist to incorporate high resolution data sharing and collaboration into the video conference: the People+Content family of peripherals allows users of our VSX and V-series products to more easily incorporate content, documents and audiovisual effects into their video conferencing sessions. Our video conferencing products are compatible with international standards and are in use in more than 30 countries.

 

The following table lists our video conferencing products, their key features and typical U.S. list prices:

 

Video Conferencing Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


Polycom Executive Collection   

•      High performance video system

   $49,999-$77,999
    

•      Integrated high fidelity audio

    
    

•      Premium plasma displays

    
VSX Group Video Conferencing systems (VSX 5000, 7000s, 7000e and 8000)   

•      High-quality, enhanced video and voice delivered at 30 frames per second and up to 60 fields per second, and Siren 14 CD-like audio

   $3,999-$18,549
    

•      Easy to use graphical interface

    
    

•      Embedded Web functionality and content sharing

    
    

•      IP and ISDN connectivity

    
    

•      Up to 4-site multipoint capability with cascading (IP, ISDN and mixed)

    
    

•      H.264 advanced video compression for highest quality video at lower call data rates

    
    

•      Can be integrated with SoundStation VTX conference phone, allowing users to dial a video call using their phone keypad

    
VSX 3000   

•      Designed for the Executive Desktop—high quality video conferencing system that doubles as a PC display

   $4,999-$6,499
    

•      Integrated camera, microphone, speakers, codec and display

    
    

•      IP and ISDN network connectivity

    
    

•      Up to 4-site multipoint capability with cascading (IP, ISDN and mixed)

    
    

•      H.264 advanced video compression for highest quality video at lower call data rates

    

 

4


Video Conferencing Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


V500   

•      High quality, affordable video calling system for small businesses and telecommuters

   $1,999-$3,499
    

•      Integrated camera and codec easily connects to any television display

    
    

•      IP and ISDN network connectivity

    
People+Content   

•      Video peripheral used to incorporate live data, documents and visual effects from a laptop directly into a videoconferencing session

   $1,999
    

•      Dynamic dual stream capability, People + Content, allows user to present content while maintaining face-to-face contact

    
Polycom PVX   

•      Business-quality video conferencing software enables professional-grade desktop video conferencing

   $149
    

•      Full motion video delivered at up to 30 frames per second

    
    

•      Integrated content sharing and collaboration

    

 

Voice Communications

 

Our voice communications products enhance business communications. A majority of Polycom’s voice products feature our patented Acoustic Clarity Technology which allows simultaneous conversations (full duplex) and minimizes background noise, echoes, word clipping and distortion.

 

Our Vortex® series of rack-mounted voice conferencing products provide solutions for larger, high-end conference rooms, training rooms, auditoriums, courtrooms, classrooms and other permanent installations. These integrated room solutions can be used as a stand alone audio system or can be used in combination with a video system to significantly enhance the voice quality and microphone pick up. All of our voice end-points are compatible with international standards and are in use in more than 30 countries.

 

The convergence of voice and data networks is allowing VoIP telephony systems to address many needs of today’s enterprises, including reducing costs, new productivity enhancing applications, simplifying network management and converging voice and data networks. VoIP telephony systems enable corporations to distribute a single network across multiple offices or remote locations, and reduce the cost of managing communications networks by allowing remote provisioning. These converged systems also provide a platform for enterprises to rapidly build applications to meet specific business demands. We have established relationships with Alcatel, Avaya, Broadsoft, Cisco Systems, Digium, Interactive Intelligence, Lucent Technologies, Nortel, Pingtel, Sphere Communications, Sylantro and Vonexus to collaborate in the development, marketing and distribution of our VoIP conferencing and/or handset products, depending upon the partner.

 

The following table lists our voice communications products, their key features and typical U.S. list prices:

 

Voice Communication Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


Vortex EF 2241,

Vortex EF 2280

  

•      Multi-channel acoustic echo and noise cancellation for installed conferencing applications

   $3,995-$4,615
    

•      Integrated, automatic mixing of up to 8 microphones and 4 auxiliary audio sources, depending on model

    

 

5


Voice Communication Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


Vortex EF 2210,

Vortex EF 2211

  

•      Single channel acoustic echo and noise cancellation for installed conferencing applications

   $1,995-$2,695
SoundStation VTX 1000   

•      High fidelity voice quality—featuring Polycom’s Acoustic Clarity Technology and WIDEBAND audio. Full duplex and echo cancellation capabilities that facilitate conversations without clipping or distortion

   $1,299-$1,799
    

•      Room coverage for large room environments—talk from up to 20 feet away from the microphone

    
    

•      Microphones that track the person speaking and active noise reduction and automatic gain control to remove background noise

    
    

•      Integration with Polycom VSX video

    
SoundStation2   

•      Polycom’s Acoustic Clarity Technology. Full duplex and echo cancellation capabilities that facilitate conversations without clipping or distortion

   $499-$699
    

•      Microphones that track the person speaking and active noise reduction and automatic gain control to remove background noise

    
    

•      Ability to connect with most cell phones and use in environments without an analog line.

    
SoundStation 2W   

•      Wireless voice featuring Polycom’s Acoustic Clarity Technology. Full duplex and echo cancellation capabilities that facilitate conversations without clipping or distortion

   $699-$899
    

•      Microphones that track the person speaking and active noise reduction and automatic gain control to remove background noise

    
    

•      Up to 24 hours talk time (160 hours stand by time) and enhanced security with 64 bit encryption

    
    

•      Ability to connect with most cell phones and use in environments without an analog line

    
    

•      Expandable model for external microphone connection in larger rooms

    
SoundStation IP   

•      Polycom’s Acoustic Clarity Technology. Full duplex and echo cancellation capabilities that facilitate natural conversations without clipping or distortion

   $999-$1,099
    

•      Supports multiple IP protocols and is field upgradeable

    
    

•      Expandable model for external microphone connection in larger rooms

    

 

6


Voice Communication Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


SoundPoint IP 301, 501 and 601   

•      Full-featured, standards based Voice over IP desktop telephones featuring professional full duplex hands free communication and handset capabilities

   $180-$399
    

•      SoundPoint IP 301 supports up to 2 lines, SoundPoint IP 501 supports up to 3 lines and SoundPoint IP 601 supports up to 6 lines

    
    

•      Supports multiple IP protocols

    
    

•      High resolution graphical LCD display for applications and ease of use

    
SoundPoint IP Expansion Module   

•      Augments SoundPoint IP 601 with a high-resolution graphical LCD

   $399
    

•      Adds 14 multifunctional line keys for line registration, call appearance, or speed dial

    
QSX   

•      Web appliance that is secure and enables cost-effective web conferencing.

   $1,299-$1,599
VoiceStation® 100   

•      High-quality voice conferencing product for smaller offices

   $299
SoundPoint Pro   

•      Integrated, high-quality speakerphone with handset feature

•      Multi-functional handset, with professional hands free communication capabilities

   $199-$299

 

Network Systems Segment

 

As enterprises, educational institutions, government agencies and other organizations look to provide integrated video, voice and content sharing applications, they face the challenge of interconnecting various network types, network protocols, transmission speeds and end-points. These customers require network systems designed to resolve these complex interoperability, multipoint connectivity and security issues. In this context, we believe the service provider market will also become increasingly important to our business as end-user customers, by purchasing our network systems products to provide bridging and gateway services to their customer base. Polycom network systems must ensure a consistent level of high quality service by intelligently matching end-user applications to available network resources. Further, our network systems must satisfy end-users who demand video, voice, data and web communications sessions that are easy to establish and manage.

 

Polycom’s network systems products provide a broad range of video, voice, data and web communication capabilities. Our MGC-25, MGC-50 and MGC-100 media servers provide seamless network connectivity and are scalable across packet-based broadband networks and traditional circuit-switched networks for both video and voice multipoint conferencing. We enable Unified Conferencing, providing the ability to join a multipoint call regardless of the type of end point or network. The ability to permit IP, circuit switched voice and ISDN video to be in the same conference is unique to Polycom.

 

ReadiVoice is a reservation-less voice conferencing system with installations at the world’s 10 largest conferencing service providers. ReadiVoice operates on the InnoVox® 480 and 4000 media servers. These high-density, carrier-class platforms contain no single points of failure and are designed to provide maximum system availability and flexibility with virtually zero downtime. ReadiVoice routing also allows for scalability, network redundancy, and the ability to geographically distribute media servers.

 

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Our line of network systems products also includes a suite of software products that enable the easy integration and management of the network and endpoints and allows for easy web collaboration.

 

The following table lists our network systems products, their key features and typical U.S. list prices:

 

Network Systems Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


MGC-100   

•      Multipoint control units for service providers, enterprises, education and government institutions and workgroups

   $283,900-$525,500
    

•      Voice, video and content conferencing bridge

    
    

•      Embedded multi-network, multi-protocol gateway

    
    

•      Supports multiple standards for video, voice and content

    
    

•      Supports end-points at connection rates up to 2 Mbps

    
    

•      Interfaces with 10/100 Ethernet, E-1 or T-1 lines

    
MGC-50   

•      Multipoint control units for service providers, enterprises, education and government institutions and workgroups

   $63,000-$209,700
    

•      Voice, video and data conferencing bridge

    
    

•      Embedded multi-network, multi-protocol gateway

    
    

•      Supports multiple standards for video, voice and content

    
    

•      Supports end-points at connection rates up to 2 Mbps

    
    

•      Interfaces with 10/100 Ethernet, E-1 or T-1 lines

    
MGC-25   

•      Supports IP and ISDN video conferencing, video gateway applications, PSTN and IP voice conferencing as well as Polycom’s new unified conferencing

   $22,000-$79,950
    

•      Supports features such as H.264, People + Content, Pro-Motion Video, and Siren 14 wideband audio

    
ReadiVoice   

•      Reservation-less voice conferencing solution for PSTN and SIP networks

   $300,000-$1M plus
    

•      High port density and high availability to support carrier-class environment

    
    

•      Intelligent Network Call Routing technology leverages Signaling System 7 (SS7) or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

    
ReadiManager SE200   

•      Integrated appliance includes scheduling, device management, conference management and gate keeping functions

   $34,000-$99,750
    

•      Task oriented user interface

    
    

•      Quick installation and configuration

    

 

8


Network Systems Products


  

Key Features


  

Typical US List

Price


PathNavigator   

•     Advanced Gatekeeper for IP and ISDN video calls

   $1,249-$49,999
    

•     Intelligent routing engine, greatly simplifying how a call is processed through a conferencing network

    
    

•     Polycom OneDial makes video calls easier for end-users

    
V2IU   

•     Voice and video conferencing firewall

   $1,999-$52,600
    

•     Standards based

    
    

•     Suited for enterprise and hosted service provider solutions

    

 

Services Segment

 

To assist our end-user customers in implementing and managing their video conferencing, voice communication products and network systems products, on a global basis, we offer a comprehensive line of professional and maintenance services. These services are offered directly by us or through our worldwide channel partner network.

 

We also offer installation services and a complete range of training offerings. Our training program provides our resellers and end-user customers with educational services to ensure effective operation of our products. For the ongoing support of our end-user customers, we provide maintenance services, including telephone support, parts exchange, on-site assistance and direct access to our support engineers for real-time troubleshooting of our products.

 

We believe that service and support are critical components of customer satisfaction. In 2005, we invested in new spare parts depots in both Brazil and Toronto to better service our customers both north and south of the US borders. In Asia we invested in and officially opened a new call center in Australia. The continued expansion into the Asia region will allow us to sell service and further demonstrates our commitment to providing premier quality service worldwide. Our support services are flexible and available for every Polycom product deployed in IP, ISDN or mixed network environments.

 

The Polycom Certified Service Partner (CSP) program was implemented in 2005. The CSP program certifies Polycom’s service and support channel partners by verifying their performance in providing customers with 24x7 support, fast response times, call center support, and stringent training in Polycom solutions and IP networking. The CSP program requires certified partners to maintain a high level of customer satisfaction in order to achieve annual recertification. Polycom and its CSP partners are jointly able to offer maintenance and diagnostic service and support. The Polycom CSP program requires that certified partners demonstrate expertise in virtually all aspects of Polycom technology and associated network environments. The Polycom CSP program is an annual certification that recognizes a channel partner’s expertise and service capabilities, and their ongoing focus on customer satisfaction as measured through service performance metrics. The CSP program is currently in progress, and several Polycom channel partners are in the application and audit process for certification. The Polycom Partner Service Program (PPSP), comparable to CSP, was launched in Europe during 2005.

 

Maintenance and support prices vary by model, number of systems and program options. Prices generally range from 4% to 15% of product list price depending on the product and the level of service selected. All services may not be available on all products.

 

We also offer Professional Services solutions which include:

 

Implementation Service: The core offering includes project management, a pre-installation survey, database development and configuration, on-site installation, testing and onsite administrator training.

 

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IP Network Consulting: This offering is designed to aid clients deploying or transitioning large complex voice and video conferencing solutions to an IP based network environment or for those customers experiencing performance issues within their collaboration environment.

 

Performance Benchmarking and Best Practices Assessment: This is a highly structured program that gives a clear understanding of what a conferencing network can really deliver and how to reduce network costs, streamline usage processes, and improve efficiency and quality of service.

 

Advanced Project Management: Offers a single solution that ensures a smooth deployment of voice and video solutions. The offering includes a single point of contact, development of the project plan, management of relationships with all parties involved in the project, management implementation and project review.

 

Voice Conferencing Integration: For Voice bridges, this solution is recommended for the integration of applications, installation, configuration and testing of integrated ReadiVoice or OCI solutions. Industry experts and a single point of contact ensure smooth implementation and expert project management, and ensure that applications are integrated with the conferencing solution.

 

COMPETITION

 

We continue to face significant competition for products in our Communications segment, which, by their nature, are subject to rapid technological change. In video communications, our major competitors include Tandberg and a number of other companies including Aethra, Avistar, D-Link, Huawei, Kedacom, NEC, Panasonic, Sony, VCON, VTEL and ZTE, as well as various smaller or new industry entrants, such as LifeSize. Some of these companies have substantial financial resources, as well as production, marketing, engineering and other capabilities with which to develop, manufacture, market and sell their products. In addition, Tandberg has entered into an agreement to further their strategic relationship with Cisco Systems whereby Tandberg provides Cisco with technology that is co-branded and sold by Cisco. We believe we will face increasing competition from alternative video communications solutions that employ new technologies, or new combinations of technologies, from companies such as Cisco Systems, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, and WebEx that enable web-based or network-based video and collaboration communications. We expect competition to persist and increase in the future in this area.

 

In voice communications our major competitors include Aethra, ClearOne Communications, Konftel, Mitel and other companies that offer lower cost, full-duplex speakerphones. In the VoIP desktop space, there are several low cost manufacturers in Asia and Europe that are emerging. In addition, there are notable PBX and IP Call Manager manufacturers that compete in the standards based IP space including Alcatel, Avaya, Cisco Systems, Mitel, Nortel and Siemens. Furthermore, all major telephony manufacturers produce hands-free speakerphone units that cost less than our voice communications products.

 

Our video network systems business has significant competition from RADVISION, and a number of other companies, including Cisco Systems, who resell RADVISION’s products, Tandberg and Huawei, as well as various smaller or new industry entrants. Our audio network systems business has significant competition from companies such as Avaya, Cisco and Compunetix.

 

For our services business, we see the competition coming from a number of companies, including Cisco Systems and Nortel, and we believe these vendors and their resellers will look at our products as potential multi-vendor third party service revenue streams, in addition to trying to provide one service solution to their customers. Third party maintenance companies are also a threat to our service base, and, as the industry continues to grow, more third party resources are being devoted to servicing our industry.

 

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TECHNOLOGY

 

We intend to continue to invest in and leverage our core technologies to develop, enhance and market our communications endpoints, infrastructure elements, enabling tools and overall products and product enhancements. These core technologies in our product offerings include the following:

 

Video System Architectures. We continue to develop on its “Common Architecture,” first introduced in the VSX product family. While conventional systems require extensive tuning and rewriting to adapt their software algorithms to each specific hardware design, the Common Architecture delivers performance levels that are almost independent of the hardware configuration. This platform enables faster development of innovative new features and improvements across the whole range of video products.

 

Firewall and NAT Traversal. The ability to place video calls through company firewalls and NAT (network address translation) structures easily but securely is of high importance. Some other systems do this using tunneling, a technique that disguises data by hiding it inside a wrapper. However, tunneling violates many corporate security philosophies because it can conceal damaging content, such as viruses and spyware, from corporate perimeter network protections. In response to this problem, Polycom has developed Application Aware Networking, a technology that addresses the need for security while remaining compatible with 323-aware firewalls and session border controllers, compliant with corporate security requirements, and backwards compatible with 323-compatible voice and video endpoints. By combining multiple technologies, we believe this optimizes performance by finding and using the shortest possible path for video and voice routing, as well as providing traffic management to ensure that live voice and video receive high quality network performance. We will continue to invest in solutions for security and firewall issues to ensure a safe, trouble-free connection for video, voice and content.

 

Interactive Stereo Audio. The ability to conduct fully interactive conversations in a multi-channel environment such as stereo brings important benefits to a conference. With Polycom’s proprietary full-duplex stereo technology, sharing of the full acoustic environment between remote locations enables a more immersive conferencing experience, closely approximating physical co-location of participants.

 

Enhanced Wideband Audio. We continue to make significant investments in the development of key audio technologies to provide improved fidelity in conferencing and point-to-point environments. We currently provide wideband audio, using our industry-developed standard, G.722.1, in our voice, video and network products.

 

IP Protocols and Telephony. We continue to invest heavily in the technologies that enable IP communications and telephony. The multiple protocols, such as Session Initiation Protocol, or SIP, Media Gateway Control Protocol, or MGCP, and H.323, applications, feature sets, and environments of IP telephony all require significant attention and innovative new solutions to operate flawlessly with a communications link that is fundamentally different from the traditional analog telephone line.

 

Versatile Media Bridging. By developing new architectures, algorithms and techniques, we are continuing to extend our base of bridging products. Our focus on basic architectures continues to enable configuration flexibility, enhanced product function, cost reduction, and the applicability of design elements in multiple products and environments.

 

Content Collaboration Technology. New extensions of our content collaboration technologies bring versatility, ease of use, and performance to users and groups in an increasing number of environments. These technologies allow productive data conferencing, whether web-based, IP-based, or plus-content.

 

Industry Standards Leadership. We continue our active role in industry leadership in numerous standards activities. Our technical expertise and management contributions are in roles as editor, contributor and other capacities in world and regional standards committees. These include ITU-T Study Group 16, Internet Engineering Task Force, International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium and Telecommunications

 

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Industry Association, and also cover emerging technology areas such as media coding, communications protocols, endpoint requirements, and industry interoperation.

 

Digital Acoustic Processing. We continue to enhance and develop our advanced acoustic processing to extend advanced generation voice sharing and enhancement technologies. These continuing investments are resulting in improvements in naturalness, range, sensitivity and trouble-free usability. We are also developing algorithms and techniques to improve our media performance in a broad range of room environments.

 

Conferencing Integration and Management. We continue to invest in a new generation of integrated system management tools that increase the security, reliability, and ease of operation of the elements of its systems. Our Global Management System, or GMS, is a client/server system for meeting and device coordination and management via integrated network control. This improves the reliability and accessibility of network systems and helps assure completeness and uniformity among users.

 

RESEARCH AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

 

We believe that our future success depends in part on our ability to continue to enhance existing products and to develop new products that maintain technological competitiveness. Our current product development efforts focus principally on our Communications and Network Systems product families. The markets for these products are characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions and require a significant investment in research and development. We intend to expand upon these product platforms through the development of software options, upgrades and future product generations. In addition, we plan to allocate more of our resources to the integration of our products with those of other companies and on joint initiatives with our strategic partners. However, we cannot assure you that these products will be made commercially available as expected or otherwise on a timely and cost-effective basis or that, if introduced, these products will achieve market acceptance.

 

Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred and totaled approximately $91.5 million in 2005, $92.1 million in 2004 and $72.6 million in 2003. We believe that significant investments in research and development are required to remain competitive since technological competitiveness is key to our future success. We intend to continue to make substantial investments in product and technology development. We also intend to continue to participate in the development of various teleconferencing industry standards, which are or may be incorporated into our products.

 

SALES AND DISTRIBUTION

 

We market and sell our products through a broad worldwide network of channel partners, which includes distributors, value-added resellers, and retailers and, in some cases, we market and sell our products directly to leading communications service providers. These partners include AT&T (including SBC), BT, Cisco, Digital China, GBH, Genedis, Imago Micro, Ingram Micro, Nanjing Southern, Princeton Technology, Review Video, SKC Communications, T2 Supply, Tech Data, Telus, Unitel and WireOne. Many of these partners sell a variety of communication products and/or services and, with our products, offer a complete product portfolio.

 

Through our direct-touch sales force, we sell with our channel partners, which we believe better enables us to sell the benefits of our solutions. This strategy enables us to have more direct interaction with our end-user customers. We believe that it is important to maintain a close working relationship with these customers in order to meet their demands for sales and support on a multinational basis. Our partners are required to be certified for certain network systems and video products that we believe yield a higher level of end-user customer satisfaction. Channel partners that stock product maintain a limited amount of inventory and for some channel partners and certain network system products, we drop ship directly to their end-user customers as opposed to having these partners carry inventory. We plan to continue to focus on the enterprise, government, education and healthcare vertical markets, working with new and existing channel partners. To complement our sales efforts,

 

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we advertise in trade and general business print media and participate in a wide array of trade shows and public relations activities.

 

We typically ship products within a short time after we receive an order and, therefore, backlog has not been a good indicator of future revenues. We include in backlog open product orders for which we expect to ship or services which we expect to bill and record revenue in the following quarter. Once billed, unrecorded service revenue is included in deferred revenue. As of December 31, 2005, our order backlog was $38.1 million as compared to $20.1 million at December 31, 2004.

 

We have historically focused our sales efforts in regions of the world where we believe customers have begun to invest significantly in conferencing equipment and services. Based on the global nature of this customer demand, our sales and service staff and our channel footprint has spread into all major regions. As such, we manage our global sales and distribution process in the four theatres of North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America. We have established product distribution centers in the United States, Europe and Asia in order to best serve our global customers base, which have increased the costs associated with our international operations.

 

A substantial majority of our revenues are from value-added resellers, distributors, service providers and retailers. No customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues or Services segment revenues in 2005, 2004 or 2003. In 2005 one channel partner accounted for 11% of our Communications segment revenues. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our Communications segment revenues in 2004 and 2003. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our Network Systems segment revenues in 2005 and 2004. In 2003, our Network Systems segment had two channel partners that, together, represented approximately 21% of Network Systems segment revenues. We believe it is unlikely that the loss of any one of these channel partners would have a long term material adverse affect on the revenues of these segments as we believe end-users would likely purchase our products from a different channel partner. However, a loss of any one of these channel partners could have a material adverse impact during the transition period. In 2004, we began selling our audio network systems, a product line obtained through the Voyant acquisition, direct to end users and the revenues in the Network Systems segment from end users are subject to more variability than our revenues from our reseller customers. The loss of one or more of the audio network system customers could have a material impact on our Network Systems segment and consolidated revenues.

 

CUSTOMER SERVICE AND SUPPORT

 

We believe that service and support are critical components of customer satisfaction. Although our resellers maintain and provide technical support to their end-user customers, we provide a wide range of service and support offerings to our resellers, service providers and directly to some end-user customers. Service revenues for our communications and network systems products are included in our services segment. See Note 17 to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

We provide warranty support for all of our products. The warranty period is generally one to three years for hardware products and ninety days for software media and repaired parts. In addition to warranty, we provide professional services offerings. Professional services consist of planning and needs analysis for end-users; design services, such as room design and custom solutions, providing customized videoconferencing solutions to meet each end-user’s unique requirements; and project management, installation and training, which provide end-users with effective implementation of videoconferencing systems and the transition to IP networks. Additional professional service offerings include benchmarking and best practice assessments as well as voice conferencing integration. All services are sold both directly to end-user customers and through our resellers. Service programs for local and international resellers range from reselling our service offerings to providing back-end support for servicing end-users. All maintenance services are delivered on a worldwide basis from several integrated support centers located in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore, India, China, Japan, Mexico and Brazil. Spare parts are stocked at strategic locations around the world to meet response time commitments to customers and resellers. We utilize direct field service staff as well as resellers and third-party service providers to perform installation and on-site repairs. We deliver all other services through a combination of in-house

 

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personnel as well as outside contractors. In addition, a technical service center hotline provides a full range of telephone support to our resellers and to end-user customers, and we offer electronic support via the World Wide Web. We maintain contracts with a number of different vendors throughout the world to provide certain services, including front line technical telephone support in North America, on-site field support and logistics.

 

MANUFACTURING

 

We subcontract essentially all of our voice and video product lines to Celestica, a third-party contract manufacturer. We use Celestica’s facilities in Thailand, China and Singapore. Further, our video network systems products are manufactured in Israel, although we do have the capability to perform some testing and final assembly in Atlanta, Georgia, China and Thailand for one of the video network systems products and in Westminster, Colorado for one of our audio network systems product lines. We also subcontract the manufacture of our audio network systems products to several suppliers in the United States.

 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND OTHER PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

 

While we rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and confidentiality procedures to protect our proprietary rights, we believe that factors such as technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, name recognition and reliable product maintenance are more essential to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position. We currently have one hundred and fourteen United States patents issued covering our products. The expiration of these patents range from 2006 to 2020. In addition, we currently have one hundred and nine foreign patents issued whose expirations range from 2006 to 2020. Further, we have one hundred and thirty United States patents pending covering our conferencing and our network systems products and one hundred and sixty foreign patent applications pending. Polycom, Polyspan, SoundStation Premier, ShowStation, SoundPoint, SoundStation, ViewStation, Polycom logos and others are registered trademarks of Polycom, and, MeetingSite, ViaVideo, iPower, VoiceStation, SoundStation Premier Satellite, iPriority, Clarity by Polycom, SoundStation product configuration and others are trademarks of Polycom in the U.S. and various countries. According to federal and state law, Polycom’s trademark protection will continue for as long as we continue to use our trademarks in connection with the products and services of Polycom. See Item 3. “Legal Proceedings” for a description of our current legal proceedings.

 

We have licensing agreements with various suppliers for software incorporated into our products. For example, we license video communications source code from ADTRAN, Delcom, Mitsubishi, Simtrol, Skelmir, SNMP, and Software House, video algorithm protocols from DSP and UB Video, Windows software from Microsoft, development source code from Avaya, Hughes Software Systems, Ltd., In Focus Systems Inc., Nokia, Surf, Vocal Technologies Ltd. and Windriver, audio algorithms from D2 and Nortel Networks, Sipro, Telogy and Voiceage, and communication software from Konexx and RADVISION. These third-party software licenses may not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. The termination or impairment of these licenses could result in delays or reductions in new product introductions or current product shipments until equivalent software could be developed, licensed and integrated, if at all possible, which would harm our business and results of operations. In addition, in November 2004, we entered into a patent cross-license agreement with Avistar Communications, Inc. (“Avistar”) and Collaboration Properties, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Avistar (“CPI”), whereby non-exclusive, fully paid-up, worldwide patent licenses to each party’s respective patent portfolios were granted. See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

EMPLOYEES

 

As of December 31, 2005, we employed a total of 1,636 persons, including 739 in sales, marketing and customer support, 494 in product development, 159 in manufacturing and 244 in finance and administration. Of these, 661 were outside of North America. We have experienced no work stoppages and believe our relationship with our employees is good.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

INVESTORS SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE RISKS DESCRIBED BELOW BEFORE MAKING AN INVESTMENT DECISION. THE TRADING PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK COULD DECLINE SIGNIFICANTLY DUE TO ANY OF THESE RISKS, AND INVESTORS MAY LOSE ALL OR PART OF THEIR INVESTMENT. IN ASSESSING THESE RISKS, INVESTORS SHOULD ALSO REFER TO THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K, INCLUDING OUR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES.

 

If we fail to compete successfully domestically and internationally, our business and results of operations would be significantly harmed.

 

Competition that we face in our markets is intense. The principal competitive factors in the markets in which we presently compete and may compete in the future include:

 

    the ability to provide and sell a broad range of products and services that are responsive to changing technology and changing customer requirements;

 

    product performance;

 

    price;

 

    the ability to introduce new products, including products with price-performance advantages;

 

    the ability to reduce production costs;

 

    the ability to provide value-added features;

 

    the ability to successfully integrate our products with, and operate our products on, existing customer platforms;

 

    market presence; and

 

    the ability to extend credit to our partners.

 

We may not be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors. We expect our competitors to continue to improve the performance of their current products and to introduce new products or new technologies that provide improved performance characteristics. New product introductions by our current or future competitors could cause a significant decline in sales or loss of market acceptance of our existing products and future products. We believe that the possible effects from ongoing competition may be the reduction in the prices of our products and our competitors’ products, the introduction of additional lower priced competitive products or the introduction of new products or product platforms that render our existing products or technologies obsolete. We expect this increased competitive pressure may lead to intensified price-based competition, resulting in lower prices and gross margins which would significantly harm our results of operations.

 

Competition that we face in certain of our international markets is different than that we face in North America and is currently based principally on price. For instance, we have noted additional competitors and increased pricing pressures in China, India and other parts of Asia contributing to the flat revenues that we have seen in Asia in the first and second quarters of 2005 and decreased revenues in the third quarter of 2005 as compared to the respective year ago periods. Although we had improved sequential performance in Asia in the fourth quarter of 2005, revenues are lower than the comparable year ago period, and we still see increased competition in this region, particularly in China. If such trends continue or if we are unable to compete effectively in these regions in terms of price, technology, product offerings or marketing strategies, our overall financial results may suffer.

 

Competition in each of our operating segments is intense, and the failure to perform in any of these segments could negatively affect our results of operations.

 

We face significant competition in the communications industry. In video communications, our major competitors include Tandberg and a number of other companies including Aethra, Avistar, D-Link, Huawei,

 

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Kedacom Technologies, NEC, Panasonic, Sony, VCON, VTEL and ZTE, as well as various smaller or new industry entrants. Some of these companies have substantial financial resources and production, marketing, engineering and other capabilities with which to develop, manufacture, market and sell their products. In addition, with advances in telecommunications standards, connectivity and video processing technology, next generation high definition video resolution technology and the increasing market acceptance of video communications, other established or new companies may develop or market products competitive with our video communications products or may partner with companies which have more substantial financial resources and production, marketing, engineering and other capabilities with which to develop, manufacture, market or sell their products and to bring their products to market more rapidly than we can. We may also underestimate the demand for particular products that incorporate new technologies. For instance, certain of our competitors are bringing products utilizing next generation high definition video resolution technology to market, which may result in a slowdown in our sales cycle and orders for our video products and a resulting impact on our video revenues as customers assess such new technologies, wait for a launch of competing products by us, or wait to make purchases until sales prices for such next generation products fall. Also, new strategic partnerships are regularly being formed and announced by our competitors, which may hinder our ability to effectively compete in those markets.

 

We have lost group video conferencing sales opportunities to our competitors, including to competitors in China who sell at lower price points. Although we saw improved performance in China in the fourth quarter of 2005, we expect to continue to face stiff competition, and our competitors may gain market share from us, due in part to their strategic relationships and their latest product offerings. In addition, we believe we will face increasing competition from alternative video communications solutions that employ new technologies or new combinations of technologies from companies such as Cisco Systems, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, and WebEx that enable web-based or network-based video and collaboration communications.

 

The market for voice communications equipment, including voice conferencing and desktop equipment, is highly competitive and also subject to rapid technological change, regulatory developments and emerging industry standards. We expect competition to persist and increase in the future in this area. In voice communications, our major competitors include Aethra, ClearOne Communications, Konftel, Mitel and other companies that offer lower cost, full-duplex speakerphones. There are also several low cost manufacturers in Asia and Europe that are emerging with VoIP desktop products competitive with ours. In addition, there are notable PBX and IP Call Manager manufacturers that compete with standards based IP products including Alcatel, Avaya, Cisco Systems, Mitel, Nortel and Siemens. Furthermore, all major telephony manufacturers produce hands-free speakerphone units that cost less than our voice communications products.

 

Our video network systems business has significant direct competition from RADVISION, and a number of other companies, including Cisco Systems, who resells RADVISION’s products, Tandberg, and Huawei, as well as from various smaller or new industry entrants. Our video network systems revenues have declined sequentially since the fourth quarter of 2004 and could continue to decline in 2006 as a result of sales lost to competitors as well as lower average selling prices due in part to competitive pressures. Our audio network systems business has significant competition from companies such as Avaya, Cisco, and Compunetix, which we continued to see in 2005. Although we intend to launch new network services product offerings, these new product offerings may be delayed or may not have as much of a positive impact on our network systems revenues as we anticipate.

 

For our services business, we see the competition coming from a number of companies, including Cisco Systems and Nortel, as we believe these vendors will look at our products as potential multi-vendor third party service revenue streams, in addition to trying to provide one service solution to their customers. Today third party maintenance companies are not a big threat to our service base, but as the industry continues to grow, this may become a concern over time. In addition, it is possible that we will see increased competition in all of our product lines to the extent that one or more of our competitors join together either through mutual agreement or acquisitions to form new partnerships to compete against us. These competitors on a stand-alone basis or on a

 

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combined basis could have more substantial financial resources and production, marketing, engineering and other capabilities with which to develop, manufacture, market and sell their products.

 

We face risks associated with our products and product development, including new product introductions and transitions.

 

Our success depends on our ability to assimilate new technologies in our products and to properly train our channel partners and sales force in the use of those products.

 

The markets for video and voice communications and network systems products are characterized by rapidly changing technology, such as the recent demand for high definition video technology and lower cost network systems products, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. The success of our new products depends on several factors, including proper new product definition, product cost, timely completion and introduction of new products, proper positioning of new products in relation to our total product portfolio and their relative pricing, differentiation of new products from those of our competitors, and market acceptance of these products. Additionally, properly addressing the complexities associated with compatibility issues, channel partner and sales force training, technical and sales support, as well as field support, are also factors that may affect our success.

 

We continually need to educate and train our channel partners to avoid any confusion as to the desirability of the new product offering compared to our existing product offerings. During the last year, we have launched several new product offerings, and there is a risk that these new products could cause confusion among our channel partners and end-users, thereby causing them to delay purchases of any product until they determine if these products are more desirable products than our legacy products. For instance, in 2005, we introduced the VSX7000e and VSX7000s as successors to our legacy VSX 7000 product, which caused confusion among certain of our channel partners, some of whom delayed purchases of these new product offerings until they better understood the features and functionality of these products. Such delays in purchases could adversely affect our revenues, gross margins and operating results in the period of the delay.

 

The shift in communications from circuit-switched to IP-based technologies over time may require us to add new channel partners, enter new markets, such as the service provider market, which we entered into with the acquisition of Voyant in January 2004, and gain new core technological competencies. We are attempting to address these needs and the need to develop new products through our internal development efforts, joint developments with other companies and through acquisitions. We may not identify successful new product opportunities and develop and bring products to market in a timely manner. Further, as we introduce new products that can or will render existing products obsolete, these product transition cycles may not go smoothly, causing an increased risk of inventory obsolescence and relationship issues with our end user customers and channel partners. The failure of our new product development efforts, any inability to service or maintain the necessary third-party interoperability licenses, our inability to properly manage product transitions or to anticipate new product demand, or our inability to enter new markets would harm our business and results of operations.

 

We may experience delays in product introductions and our products may contain defects which could seriously harm our results of operations.

 

We have experienced delays in the introduction of certain new products and enhancements in the past. The delays in product release dates that we experienced in the past were due to factors such as unforeseen technology issues, manufacturing ramping issues and other factors, which we believe negatively impacted our sales revenue in the relevant periods. Any of these or other factors may occur again and delay our future product releases. In addition, we have occasionally terminated new product development efforts prior to any introduction of the new product.

 

Further, our video communications product development group is located in Massachusetts and Texas, our voice communications product development group is dispersed among California, Georgia, Massachusetts and

 

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Canada, and our network systems product development group is dispersed among Colorado, Georgia and Israel. Our need to manage large and geographically dispersed product development groups in our product lines results in certain inefficiencies and increased product development costs and creates an increased risk of delays in new product introductions.

 

We produce highly complex communications equipment, which includes both hardware and software and incorporates new technologies and component parts from different suppliers. Resolving product defect and technology issues could cause delays in new product introduction. Further, if such defects are not detected or cured prior to a new product launch, or are detected after a product has already been launched and cannot be cured or result in a product recall, such as our voluntary recall of the lithium ion batteries in our SoundStation 2W products in the first quarter of 2006, these events could result in the failure of a partial or entire product line, a temporary or permanent withdrawal of a product from the market, product reengineering expenses, and inventory costs.

 

Any delays in the future for new product offerings currently under development or any product defect issues or product recalls could adversely affect the market acceptance of these products, our ability to compete effectively in the market, and our reputation, and therefore, could lead to decreased product sales and could seriously harm our results of operations.

 

We face risks related to the adoption rate of new technologies.

 

We have invested significant resources developing products that are dependent on the adoption rate of new technologies. For example, our SoundStation IP and SoundPoint IP products are dependent on the roll out of voice-over-IP, or VoIP, technologies. In addition, VoIP products are traditionally sold through service providers. We may not be successful in expanding our current service provider network or maintaining a successful service provider network. The success of our VSX 3000 and PVX software application products depend on the increased use of desktop video collaboration technologies. Our QSX product depends on the acceptance of a new method of sharing data, which is a change in customer patterns that may or may not occur. Further, as we see the adoption rate of new technologies increase, our historical product sales may be negatively impacted.

 

The success of all of our products is also dependent on how quickly Session Initiation Protocol (or SIP), which is a signaling protocol for Internet conferencing, telephony, presence, events notification and instant messaging, firewall and Network Address Translation (or NAT) traversal, which is an Internet standard that enables a local-area network (or LAN) to use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic and a second set of addresses for external traffic, and call management integration technologies are deployed as new technologies and how quickly we adopt and integrate these new technologies into our existing and future products. The success of our V2IU and firewall traversal solutions will depend on market acceptance and the effect of current and potential competitors.

 

In addition, we continue to expend significant resources to develop new products or product enhancements based upon anticipated demand for new features and functionality, such as next generation high definition video resolution technology. If the use of new technologies that our future products are based on does not occur, or the development of suitable sales channels does not occur, or occurs more slowly than expected, or if our products that incorporate new technologies are not priced competitively or readily adopted, we may not be able to sell certain of our products in significant volumes and our business may be harmed.

 

Lower than expected market acceptance of our products, price competition and other price changes would negatively impact our business.

 

If the market does not accept our products, our profitability would likely be harmed. Our profitability could also be negatively affected in the future as a result of continuing competitive price pressures in the sale of video and voice conferencing equipment and network systems, which could cause us to reduce the prices for any of

 

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these products or discontinue one product with the intent of simplifying our product offering and enhancing sales of a similar product. Further, we have reduced prices in the past in order to expand the market for our products, and in the future, we may further reduce prices, introduce new products that carry lower margins in order to expand the market or stimulate demand for our products, or discontinue existing products as a means of stimulating growth in a similar product. In the future we may also separately charge for the initial year of service for our video conferencing products rather than have it combined as one price for the product and service. These actions might not have the desired result, and accordingly could have an adverse impact on our product margins and profitability. In addition, we anticipate that our gross margins will become more difficult to predict due to these types of changes, the wide range of margins associated with each of our product lines, and shifts in the mix of products sold. Our network systems products typically have higher gross margins than our other product lines. Therefore, our gross margins could decrease if we continue to experience decreases in our network systems product sales.

 

Product obsolescence, excess inventory and other asset impairment can negatively affect our results of operations.

 

We operate in a high technology industry which is subject to rapid and frequent technology and market demand changes. These changes can often render existing or developing technologies obsolete. In addition, the introduction of new products and any related actions to discontinue existing products can cause existing inventory to become obsolete. These obsolescence issues can require write-downs in inventory value when it is determined that the recorded value of existing inventory is greater than its fair market value. Also, the pace of change in technology development and in the release of new products has increased and is expected to continue to increase. If sales of one of these products has an unplanned negative effect on sales of another of our products, it could significantly increase the inventory levels of the negatively impacted product. For each of our products, the potential exists for new products to render existing products obsolete, cause inventories of existing products to increase, cause us to discontinue a product or reduce the demand for existing products.

 

Since 2001, we have purchased several businesses, which together include goodwill valued at approximately $359.1 million and other purchased intangible assets valued at approximately $20.3 million as of December 31, 2005. This represents a significant portion of the assets recorded on our balance sheet. Goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually or sooner under certain circumstances. Other intangible assets that are deemed to have finite useful lives will continue to be amortized over their useful lives but must be reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. Screening for and assessing whether impairment indicators exist, or if events or changes in circumstances have occurred, including market conditions, operating fundamentals, competition and general economic conditions, requires significant judgment. Additionally, changes in the high technology industry occur frequently and quickly. Therefore, we cannot assure you that a charge to operations will not occur as a result of future goodwill and intangible asset impairment tests. If impairment is deemed to exist, we would write down the recorded value of these intangible assets to their fair values, as we did in the fourth quarter of 2005, when we wrote down certain intangible assets associated with our acquisition of Voyant in the amount of $1.9 million. If and when these write-downs do occur, they could harm our business and results of operations.

 

In addition, we have made investments in private companies which we classify as “Other assets” on our balance sheet. The value of these investments is influenced by many factors, including the operating effectiveness of these companies, the overall health of these companies’ industries, the strength of the private equity markets and general market conditions. Due to these and other factors, we have recorded cumulative charges against earnings totaling $14.1 million associated with the impairment of these investments, including $1.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2005. As of December 31, 2005, our investments in private companies are valued at $5.9 million. We may make additional investments in private companies which would be subject to similar impairment risks, and these impairment risks may cause us to write down the recorded value of any such investments. Further, we cannot assure you that future inventory, investment, license, fixed asset or other asset write-downs will not happen. If future write-downs do occur, they could harm our business and results of operations.

 

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Failure to adequately service and support our products could harm our results of operations.

 

Our products are becoming increasingly more complex and are incorporating more complex technologies, such as those included in our network systems products, our new video product offerings and our software products. This has increased the need for product warranty and service capabilities. If we cannot develop and train our internal support organization or maintain our relationship with our outside technical support provider, it could harm our business.

 

Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly and are not necessarily a good indicator of future performance.

 

Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and may vary significantly in the future as a result of a number of factors, many of which are out of our control. These factors include:

 

    fluctuations in demand for our products and services, principally due to (i) the changing global economic environment, (ii) increased competition as we have seen in Asia across all product lines and globally with respect to video and network systems product lines, and (iii) the development of new partnerships, such as the relationships between Tandberg and Cisco and Sony and Cisco in our video product line;

 

    the prices and performance of our products and those of our existing or potential new competitors, which can change rapidly due to technological innovations;

 

    the timing, size and mix of the orders for our products;

 

    whether growth of our VoIP product sales will negatively impact sales of our circuit-switched products and whether VoIP product sales will serve as an effective driver for sales of our IP-based video solutions, as we anticipate;

 

    the adoption of the new accounting pronouncement, SFAS 123R, “Share-Based Payments” that requires us to record compensation expense for shares issued under our stock plans beginning in the first quarter of 2006 and will have a material impact on our results of operations;

 

    slowing sales by our channel partners to their customers, which places further pressure on our channel partners to minimize inventory levels and reduce purchases of our products;

 

    changes to our channel partner programs, contracts and strategy that could result in a reduction in the number of channel partners or could cause more of our channel partners to add our competitors’ products to their portfolio;

 

    the level and mix of inventory that we hold to meet future demand;

 

    fluctuations in the level of international sales and our exposure to the impact of international currency fluctuations on both revenues and expenses;

 

    dependence on third party manufacturers and associated manufacturing costs;

 

    the magnitude of any costs that we must incur in the event of a product recall, such as our recent voluntary recall in the first quarter of 2006 of the lithium ion batteries in our SoundStation 2W products, or of costs associated with product warranty claims;

 

    the impact of seasonality on our various product lines and geographic regions;

 

    the impact of greater exposure to foreign currency fluctuations due to an increasing number of our product sales being denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies; and

 

    adverse outcomes in intellectual property matters and the costs associated with asserting and enforcing our intellectual property portfolio.

 

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As a result of these and potentially other factors, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our historical results of operations are not necessarily a good predictor of our future performance. If our future operating results are below the expectations of stock market securities analysts or investors, our stock price will likely decline.

 

We experience seasonal demand for our products and services, which may adversely impact our results of operations during certain periods.

 

Sales of some of our products have experienced seasonal fluctuations which have affected sequential growth rates for these products, particularly in our third and first quarters. For example, there is generally a slowdown for sales of our products in the European region in the third quarter of each year and sales to government entities typically slow in our fourth quarter and to a greater extent in our first quarter. In addition, sales of our video communications products have typically declined in the first quarter of the year compared to the fourth quarter of the prior year. Seasonal fluctuations could negatively affect our business, which could cause our operating results to fall short of anticipated results for such quarters, as they did in the first quarter of 2005.

 

General economic conditions may reduce our revenues and harm our business.

 

As our business has grown, we have become increasingly exposed to adverse changes in general economic conditions which can result in reductions in capital expenditures by end-user customers for our products, longer sales cycles, deferral or delay of purchase commitments for our products and increased competition. These factors adversely impacted our operating results in prior years. Any recurrence of these events could have a similar effect.

 

Our operating results are hard to predict as a significant amount of our sales may occur at the end of a quarter or are subject to contractual acceptance provisions.

 

The timing of our channel partner orders and product shipments can harm our operating results.

 

Our quarterly revenues and operating results depend upon the volume and timing of channel partner orders received during a given quarter and the percentage of each order that we are able to ship and recognize as revenue during each quarter, each of which is extremely difficult to forecast. Moreover, although we saw better sales linearity in the fourth quarter of 2005, in most prior periods, we have seen the majority of our orders in a given quarter shipped in the last month of that quarter and sometimes in the last few weeks of the quarter. Also, our order backlog has fluctuated significantly over our corporate history. Although in the last two quarters of 2005 our order backlog has increased, we believe that backlog levels will continue to fluctuate due to many factors such as ability of our sales force to generate orders linearly throughout the quarter, our ability to forecast revenue mix and plan our manufacturing accordingly, increased deferred revenue associated with our VSX products, customer request dates, timing of product acceptance where contractually required and ongoing service deferrals as service revenues increase as a percent of total revenue. In addition, orders from our channel partners are based on the level of demand from end-user customers. Any decline or uncertainty in end-user demand could significantly negatively impact end-user orders, which could in turn negatively affect orders from our channel partners in any given quarter. As a result, our backlog could decline in future quarters, even to zero. The return to historical linearity levels or any failure or delay in the closing of orders during the last part of a quarter would materially harm our operating results. Furthermore, we may be unable to ship products in the period we receive the order due to these or other factors, which would have an adverse impact on our operating results. In such events, the price of our common stock would decline.

 

Difficulty in estimating channel partner orders can harm our operating results, the establishment of product lead times to maximize our inventory efficiency and our focus on operations efficiency in the logistics area.

 

Revenues for any particular quarter are extremely difficult to predict with any degree of certainty. We typically ship products within a short time after we receive an order and therefore, backlog is not a good indicator

 

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of future revenues. In addition, orders from our channel partners are based on the level of demand from end-user customers. Any decline or uncertainty in end-user demand could negatively impact end-user orders, which could in turn significantly negatively affect orders from our channel partners in any given quarter. Accordingly, our expectations for both short and long-term future revenues are based almost exclusively on our own estimate of future demand and not on firm channel partner orders. Our expense levels are based largely on these estimates. In addition, the majority of our audio and video network system orders are received in the last month of a quarter, typically the last few weeks of that quarter; thus, the unpredictability of the receipt of these orders could negatively impact our future results. We historically have received a majority of our channel partner orders in the last month of a quarter and often in the last few weeks of the quarter. In the event that order linearity once again degrades to the levels we have experienced in the past, where the majority of our sales occurred in the last month of the quarter, or if for any reason orders and revenues do not meet our expectations in a particular period, we will be limited in our ability to reduce expenses quickly. Accordingly, any significant shortfall in demand for our products in relation to our expectations would have an adverse impact on our operating results.

 

Delays in receiving contractual acceptance may cause delays in our ability to recognize revenue, depending upon the timing and shipment of orders under such contracts.

 

An increasing number of our service provider contracts include product acceptance provisions which vary depending upon the type of product and individual terms of the contract. Accordingly, we defer revenue until the underlying acceptance criteria in any given contract have been met. Depending upon the acceptance terms, the timing of the receipt and subsequent shipment of an order may result in acceptance delays, may reduce the predictability of our revenues, and, consequently, may adversely impact our revenues and results of operations in any particular quarter.

 

We face risks related to our dependence on channel partners to sell our products.

 

To avoid confusion by our channel partners regarding our product offerings, we need to devote significant resources to educating and training them.

 

When we take any significant actions regarding our product offerings, or acquire new product offerings, it is important to educate and train our channel partners to avoid any confusion on the desirability of the new product offering in relation to our existing product offerings.

 

For instance, integrating acquired product offerings with ours has created confusion among our channel partners in the past and may continue to do so in the future. We will need to continue to devote significant resources to educate and train our channel partners about our product offerings. Channel confusion could also occur if we do not adequately train or educate the channel on our product families, especially in the cases where we simplify our product offerings by discontinuing one product in order to stimulate growth of a similar product. Ongoing confusion may lead to delays in ordering our products which would negatively affect our revenues.

 

Conflicts and competition with our channel partners and strategic partners could hurt sales of our products.

 

We have various OEM agreements with major telecommunications equipment manufacturers, such as Avaya, Cisco Systems and Nortel Networks, whereby we manufacture our products to work with the equipment of the OEM. These relationships can create conflicts with our other channel partners who directly compete with our OEM partners, or could create conflicts among our OEM partners who compete with each other, which could adversely affect revenues from these other channel partners or our OEM partners. Conflicts among our OEM partners could also make continued partnering with these OEM partners increasingly difficult. Because many of our channel partners also sell equipment that competes with our products, these channel partners could devote more attention to these other products which could harm our business. Channel conflicts could arise which cause channel partners to devote resources to other non-Polycom communications equipment, or to offer new products from our new and existing competitors, which would negatively affect our business or results of operations.

 

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Some of our current and future products are directly competitive with the products of our channel and strategic partners. For example, we have an agreement with Cisco Systems under which we ship SoundStation IP conference phones for resale by Cisco Systems. In addition, Cisco Systems sells a network systems product which is in direct competition with our network systems offerings. Also, Cisco Systems previously announced a partnership with Tandberg, one of our major competitors in the video communications business, pursuant to which Tandberg provides Cisco Systems with technology that is co-branded and sold by Cisco Systems. As a consequence of conflicts such as these, there is the potential for our channel and strategic partners to compete head-to-head with us and to significantly reduce their orders of our products or design our technology out of their products. In addition, competition with our partners in all of the markets in which we operate is likely to increase, potentially resulting in strains on our existing relationships with these companies. As an example, we are now competing in the voice-over-IP handset arena through service providers, which may cause our relationships with our IP PBX strategic partners to erode. Further, our strategic partners may acquire businesses that are competitive with us. Any such strain or acquisition could limit the potential contribution of our strategic relationships to our business, restrict our ability to form strategic relationships with these companies in the future and create additional competitive pressures on us, including downward pressure on our average selling prices, which would result in a decrease in both revenues and gross margins, any of which could harm our business.

 

We are subject to risks associated with our channel partners’ product inventories and product sell-through.

 

We sell a significant amount of our products to channel partners who maintain their own inventory of our products for sale to dealers and end-users. If these channel partners are unable to sell an adequate amount of their inventory of our products in a given quarter to dealers and end-users or if channel partners decide to decrease their inventories for any reason, such as a recurrence of global economic uncertainty and downturn in technology spending, the volume of our sales to these channel partners and our revenues would be negatively affected. While there has been some improvement in technology spending and the global economy, constraints in technology capital spending still exist and if these conditions recur in the future, our business and operating results will continue to be negatively affected. For example, in the fourth quarter of 2004 and 2005 and the first quarter of 2005, we experienced sequential decreases in absolute dollars in revenues from U.S. government entities. In addition, if channel partners decide to purchase more inventory, due to product availability or other reasons, than is required to satisfy end-user demand or if end-user demand does not keep pace with the additional inventory purchases, channel inventory could grow in any particular quarter, which could adversely affect product revenues in the subsequent quarter. In addition, we also face the risk that some of our channel partners have inventory levels in excess of future anticipated sales. If such sales do not occur in the time frame anticipated by these channel partners for any reason, these channel partners may substantially decrease the amount of product they order from us in subsequent periods, or product returns may exceed historical or predicted levels, which would harm our business. Moreover, if we choose to eliminate or reduce special cost or stocking incentive programs, quarterly revenues may fail to meet our expectations or be lower than historical levels.

 

Our revenue estimates associated with products stocked by some of our channel partners are based largely on end-user sales reports that our channel partners provide to us on a monthly basis. To date, we believe this data has been generally accurate. To the extent that this sales-out and channel inventory data is inaccurate or not received timely, we may not be able to make revenue estimates for future periods.

 

Changes to our channel partner programs or channel partner contracts may not be favorably received and as a result our channel partner relationships and results of operations may be adversely impacted.

 

Our channel partners are eligible to participate in various incentive programs, depending upon their contractual arrangements with us. As part of these arrangements, we have the right to make changes in our programs and launch new programs as business conditions warrant. For example, early in 2005, we announced changes to our co-op marketing programs, which affected how our partners utilize and claim credit for eligible marketing activities. These changes could upset our channel partners to the extent that they could add competitive products to their portfolios, delay advertising or sales of our products, or shift more emphasis to

 

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selling our competitors products, if not appropriately handled. There can be no assurance that our channel partners will be receptive to future changes and that we will receive the positive benefits that we are anticipating in making these program changes.

 

Further, we may elect to make changes to our channel partner contracts in Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America, which could result in a change in the number and mix of channel partners, a smaller number of channel partners, and the same channel upset we experienced in North America when similar changes were made.

 

We are subject to risks associated with the success of the businesses of our channel partners.

 

Many of our channel partners that carry multiple Polycom products, and from whom we derive significant revenues, are thinly capitalized. Although we perform ongoing evaluations of the creditworthiness of our channel partners, the failure of these businesses to establish and sustain profitability, obtain financing or adequately fund capital expenditures could have a significant negative effect on our future revenue levels and profitability and our ability to collect our receivables. Further, while there has been some improvement in technology spending and the global economy, constraints in technology capital spending still exist and could cause more of our channel partners’ businesses to suffer or fail, which would harm our business.

 

Our channel partner contracts are typically short-term and early termination of these contracts may harm our results of operations.

 

We do not typically enter into long-term contracts with our channel partners, and we cannot be certain as to future order levels from our channel partners. When we do enter into a long-term contract, the contract is generally terminable at the convenience of the channel partner. In the event of an early termination by one of our major channel partners, we believe that the end-user customer would likely purchase from another one of our channel partners. If this did not occur and we were unable to rapidly replace that revenue source, its loss would harm our results of operations.

 

Difficulties we may encounter managing a substantially larger business could adversely affect our operating results.

 

If we fail to successfully attract and retain qualified personnel, our business will be harmed.

 

Our future success will depend in part on our continued ability to hire, assimilate and retain qualified personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and we may not be successful in attracting or retaining such personnel. In addition, provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules of the SEC and Nasdaq impose heightened personal liability on some of our key management personnel. The threat of such liability could make it more difficult to identify, hire and retain highly-skilled management personnel. In addition, from time to time, we may also decide to replace certain key personnel, such as we did recently in Asia by bringing in an interim managing director for the region, and such transitions may be disruptive to the affected function and our business, possibly on a longer term basis than we expected. Further, we have relied on our ability to grant stock options as a means of recruiting and retaining highly skilled personnel. Recent accounting regulations requiring the expensing of stock options will impair our future ability to provide these incentives without incurring significant compensation costs. The loss of any key employee, the failure of any key employee to perform in his or her current position or our inability to attract and retain skilled employees, particularly technical and management, as needed, could harm our business.

 

In addition, as we add more complex software product offerings, it will become increasingly important to retain and attract individuals who are skilled in managing and developing these complex software product offerings. Further, many of our key employees in Israel, who are responsible for development of our network systems products, are obligated to perform annual military reserve duty and may be called to active duty at any time under emergency conditions. The loss of the services of any executive officer or other key technical or management personnel could have an adverse and disruptive impact on their affected function and, consequently, materially harm our business or operations.

 

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We experienced significant growth in our business and operations due to internal expansion and business acquisitions during the last five years, and if we do not appropriately manage this growth and any future growth, our operating results will be negatively affected.

 

Our business has grown in recent years through both internal expansion and business acquisitions, and continued growth may cause a significant strain on our infrastructure, internal systems and managerial resources. To manage our growth effectively, we must continue to improve and expand our infrastructure, including information technology and financial operating and administrative systems and controls, and continue managing headcount, capital and processes in an efficient manner. Our productivity and the quality of our products may be adversely affected if we do not integrate and train our new employees quickly and effectively and coordinate among our executive, engineering, finance, marketing, sales, operations and customer support organizations, all of which add to the complexity of our organization and increase our operating expenses. We also may be less able to predict and effectively control our operating expenses due to the growth and increasing complexity of our business. In addition, our information technology systems may not grow at a sufficient rate to keep up with the processing and information demands placed on them by a much larger company. The efforts to continue to expand our information technology systems or our inability to do so could harm our business. Further, revenues may not grow at a sufficient rate to absorb the costs associated with a larger overall headcount.

 

Our future growth may require significant additional resources given that, as we increase our business operations in complexity and scale, we may have insufficient management capabilities and internal bandwidth to manage our growth and business effectively. We cannot assure you that resources will be available when we need them or that we will have sufficient capital to fund these potential resource needs. Also, as we assess our resources following our acquisitions, we will likely determine that redundancy in certain areas will require consolidation of these resources. Any organizational disruptions associated with the consolidation process could require further management attention and financial expenditures. If we are unable to manage our growth effectively, if we experience a shortfall in resources or if we must take additional restructuring charges, our results of operations will be harmed.

 

Difficulties in integrating our acquisitions could adversely impact our business.

 

Difficulties in integrating past or future acquisitions could adversely affect our business.

 

We have completed a number of acquisitions during our operating history. The process of integrating acquired companies into our operations requires significant resources and is time consuming, expensive and disruptive to our business. Failure to achieve the anticipated benefits of these acquisitions, to retain key personnel, or to successfully integrate the operations of these companies could harm our business, results of operations and cash flows. We may not realize the benefits we anticipate from these acquisitions because of the following significant challenges:

 

    potentially incompatible cultural differences between the two companies;

 

    incorporating the acquired company’s technology and products into our current and future product lines;

 

    potentially creating confusion in the marketplace by ineffectively distinguishing or marketing the product offerings of the newly acquired company with our existing product lines, such as we experienced in China with DSTMedia in 2005;

 

    geographic dispersion of operations;

 

    generating marketing demand for an expanded product line;

 

    the difficulty in leveraging the acquired company’s and our combined technologies and capabilities across all product lines and customer bases; and

 

    our inability to retain previous customers or employees of an acquired company.

 

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Further, certain of our acquisition agreements incorporate earn-out provisions in them. Such earn-out provisions entitle the former shareholders of the acquired companies to receive additional consideration upon the satisfaction of certain predetermined criteria. It is possible that disputes over unpaid earn-out amounts may result in litigation to the company, which could be costly and cause management distraction.

 

We have spent and will continue to spend significant resources identifying and acquiring businesses. The efficient and effective integration of our acquired businesses into our organization is critical to our growth. Any future acquisitions involve numerous risks including difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies and products of the acquired companies, the diversion of our management’s attention from other business concerns and the potential loss of key employees of the acquired companies. Failure to achieve the anticipated benefits of these and any future acquisitions or to successfully integrate the operations of the companies we acquire could also harm our business, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, we cannot assure you that we will not incur material charges in future quarters to reflect additional costs associated with past acquisitions or any future acquisitions we may make.

 

Our failure to implement our restructuring plan related to PictureTel facilities could adversely impact our business.

 

We had a liability of approximately $4.1 million at December 31, 2005 related to vacant and redundant facilities in connection with our acquisition of PictureTel, which is net of estimated sublease income we expect to generate. Our estimate of sublease income is based on current comparable rates for leases in the respective markets. If actual sublease income is lower than our estimates for any reason, if it takes us longer than we estimated to sublease these facilities, or if the associated cost of subleasing or terminating our lease obligations for these facilities is greater than we estimated, we would incur additional charges to operations which would harm our business, results of operations and cash flows. For example, we have an approximately 152,000 square foot building which is fully subleased to a third party for the length of our lease obligation. If this tenant were unable to fulfill, for any reason, their contractual obligations under the sublease, we would incur additional charges to operations which would harm our business. In addition, until our vacated and redundant facilities are subleased or the lease obligations for these facilities are terminated, we will continue to pay the contractual lease and facility operating expense obligations without any sublease income to offset these costs. Further, in the event that we agree to sublease a facility or terminate a lease obligation through a lease buyout or other means, we may incur a material cash outflow up to and potentially exceeding our recorded liability at the time of such transaction, which would harm our operating cash flows. To the extent that any such cash outflows or additional costs exceed the amount of our recorded liability related to the sublease or termination of these lease obligations, we could incur a charge to operations which would harm our business and adversely impact our results of operations.

 

We face risks related to our international operations and sales.

 

Because of our significant operations in Israel, we are subject to risks associated with the military, political and regulatory environment in Israel and the Middle East region.

 

The principal research and development and manufacturing facilities of our network systems group and many of that group’s suppliers are located in Israel. Political, economic and military conditions in Israel and the Middle East region directly affect our network systems group’s operations. A number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its geographic neighbors. Current and future armed conflicts or political instability in the region may impair our ability to produce and sell our network systems products and could disrupt research or developmental activities. This instability could have an adverse impact on our results of operations. Further, the military action in Iraq or other countries in the region perceived as a threat by the United States government could result in additional unrest or cause Israel to be attacked, which would adversely affect our results of operations and harm our business.

 

The technology used to develop our current network systems products was developed in part with grants from the Israeli Office of the Chief Scientist. Under Israeli law, technology developed pursuant to grants from

 

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the Office of the Chief Scientist cannot be transferred to any person without the prior written consent of the Office of the Chief Scientist. The grants also contain restrictions on the ability to manufacture products developed with these grants outside of Israel. Approval to manufacture such products outside of Israel, if granted, is generally subject to an increase in the total amount to be repaid to the Office of the Chief Scientist of between 120% to 300% of the amount granted, depending on the extent of the manufacturing to be conducted outside of Israel. These restrictions on the ability to transfer certain of our technology to third parties or manufacture products outside Israel may adversely affect our operating results and the development of additional network systems products and significantly reduce the value of the technology. We are in the process of developing and implementing a disaster recovery plan for our network systems products that could provide for manufacturing to be performed outside of Israel on a limited basis today, and a more extended basis in the event of a disaster. Today, we are performing final test and assembly on a limited basis in Atlanta, Georgia and Thailand. The implementation of such a disaster recovery plan could subject us to additional payments to the Office of the Chief Scientist, which could adversely affect our operating results.

 

International sales and expenses represent an increasing portion of our revenues and operating expenses and risks inherent in international operations could harm our business.

 

International sales and expenses represent an increasing portion of our revenues and operating expenses, and we anticipate that international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenues for the foreseeable future and that international operating expenses will continue to increase. International sales and expenses are subject to certain inherent risks, including the following:

 

    adverse economic conditions in international markets;

 

    potential foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

    the near and long-term impact of the military action in Iraq or other hostilities;

 

    disruptions in business due to natural disasters, quarantines or other disruptions associated with infectious diseases or other events beyond our control;

 

    unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and tariffs;

 

    adverse economic impact of terrorist attacks and incidents and any military response to those attacks;

 

    difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;

 

    longer payment cycles;

 

    problems in collecting accounts receivable; and

 

    potentially adverse tax consequences.

 

International revenues may fluctuate as a percentage of total revenues in the future as we introduce new products. These fluctuations are primarily the result of our practice of introducing new products in North America first and the additional time required for product homologation and regulatory approvals of new products in international markets. To the extent we are unable to expand international sales in a timely and cost-effective manner, especially in our core European markets of France, Germany and the United Kingdom, our business could be harmed. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or increase international market demand for our products.

 

Although, to date, a substantial majority of our international sales have been denominated in U.S. currency, we expect that a growing number of sales will be denominated in non-U.S. currencies as more international customers request billing in their currency. For example, effective January 1, 2006, we began denominating a portion of our European product sales in Euros and our United Kingdom product sales in British Pounds. In addition, some of our competitors currently invoice in foreign currency, which could be a disadvantage to us in those markets where we do not. Our international operating expenses are denominated in foreign currency. As a

 

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result of these factors, we expect our business will be significantly more vulnerable to currency fluctuations, which could adversely impact our results of operations. For instance, in 2003 and 2004, our operating costs internationally increased as a result of the weakness in the U.S. dollar. These currency fluctuations were recorded in other income (expense) in our Consolidated Statement of Operations. We will continue to evaluate whether to, and are likely to decide to, expand the type of products we sell in selected foreign currencies in addition to the Euro and British Pound or may, for specific customer situations, choose to sell our products in foreign currencies, thereby further increasing our foreign exchange risk.

 

While we do not hedge for speculative purposes, as a result of our increased exposure to currency fluctuations, we from time to time engage in currency hedging activities to mitigate currency fluctuation exposure. Also, due to the recent denomination of our European product sales in Euros and of our United Kingdom product sales in British Pounds, we expect to increase our hedging activity. However, we have limited experience with these hedging activities, and they may not be successful, which could harm our operating results and financial condition. In addition, significant adverse changes in currency exchange rates could cause our products to become relatively more expensive to customers in a particular country, leading to a reduction in revenue or profitability in that country, as discounts may be temporarily or permanently affected.

 

We have limited supply sources for some key components of our products, and our operations could be harmed by supply interruptions, component defects or unavailability of these components.

 

Some key components used in our products are currently available from only one source and others are available from only a limited number of sources, including some key integrated circuits and optical elements. Because of such limited sources for component parts, we may have little or no ability to procure these parts on favorable pricing terms. We also obtain certain plastic housings, metal castings, batteries, and other components from suppliers located in China and certain Southeast Asia countries, and any political or economic instability in that region in the future, quarantines or other disruptions associated with infectious diseases, or future import restrictions, may cause delays or an inability to obtain these supplies. Further, we have suppliers in Israel and the military action in Iraq or war with other Middle Eastern countries perceived as a threat by the United States government may cause delays or an inability to obtain supplies for our network systems products. We have no raw material supply commitments from our suppliers and generally purchase components on a purchase order basis either directly or through our contract manufacturers. Some of the components included in our products, such as microprocessors and other integrated circuits, have from time to time been subject to limited allocations by suppliers. In addition, companies with limited or uncertain financial resources manufacture some of these components. Further, we do not always have direct control over the supply chain, as many of our component parts are procured for us by our contract manufacturers. In the event that we, or our contract manufacturers, are unable to obtain sufficient supplies of components, develop alternative sources as needed, or companies with limited financial resources go out of business, our operating results could be seriously harmed. Moreover, our operating results would be seriously harmed by receipt of a significant number of defective components, an increase in component prices, such as the recent increases for memory devices, or our inability to obtain lower component prices in response to competitive price reductions. Additionally, our video communications products are designed based on integrated circuits produced by Philips Semiconductor and Equator Technologies, a subsidiary of Pixelworks Inc., and cameras produced by Sony. If we could no longer obtain integrated circuits or cameras from these suppliers, we would incur substantial expense and take substantial time in redesigning our products to be compatible with components from other manufacturers, and we cannot assure you that we would be successful in obtaining these components from alternative sources in a timely or cost-effective manner. Additionally, both Sony and Philips compete with us in the video communications industry, which may adversely affect our ability to obtain necessary components. The failure to obtain adequate supplies of vital components could prevent or delay product shipments, which could harm our business. We also rely on the introduction schedules of some key components in the development or launch of new products. Any delays in the availability of these key components could harm our business. In addition, the business failure or financial instability of any supplier of these components could adversely affect our cash flows if we were to expend funds in some manner to ensure our supply of those components.

 

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Manufacturing disruption or capacity constraints would harm our business.

 

We subcontract the manufacture of our voice and video product lines to Celestica, a third-party contract manufacturer. We use Celestica’s facilities in Thailand, China and Singapore, and should there be any disruption in services due to natural disaster, terrorist acts, quarantines or other disruptions associated with infectious diseases, or other similar events, or economic or political difficulties in any of these countries or Asia or any other reason, such disruption would harm our business and results of operations. Also, Celestica’s facilities are currently the primary source manufacturer of these products, and if Celestica experiences an interruption in operations or otherwise suffers from capacity constraints, we would experience a delay in shipping these products which would have an immediate negative impact on our revenues. As a result, we may not be able to meet demand for our products, which could negatively affect revenues in the quarter of the disruption and harm our reputation. In addition, operating in the international environment exposes us to certain inherent risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and tariffs, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations and potentially adverse tax consequences, all of which could harm our business and results of operations.

 

If we have insufficient proprietary rights or if we fail to protect those rights we have, our business would be materially impaired.

 

We rely on third-party license agreements and termination or impairment of these agreements may cause delays or reductions in product introductions or shipments which would harm our business.

 

We have licensing agreements with various suppliers for software incorporated into our products. For example, we license video communications source code from ADTRAN, Delcom, Mitsubishi, Simtrol, Skelmir, SNMP, and Software House, video algorithm protocols from DSP and UB Video, Windows software from Microsoft, development source code from Avaya, Hughes Software Systems, Ltd., In Focus Systems Inc., Nokia, Surf, Vocal Technologies Ltd. and Windriver, audio algorithms from D2 and Nortel Networks, Sipro, Telogy and Voiceage, and communication software from Konexx and RADVISION. In addition, certain of our products are developed and manufactured based largely or solely on third-party technology. These third-party software licenses and arrangements may not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable or competitive terms, if at all. The termination or impairment of these licenses could result in delays or reductions in new product introductions or current product shipments until equivalent software could be developed, licensed and integrated, if at all possible, which would harm our business and results of operations. Further, if we are unable to obtain necessary technology licenses on commercially reasonable or competitive terms, we could be prohibited from marketing our products, could be forced to market products without certain features, or could incur substantial costs to redesign our products, defend legal actions, or pay damages.

 

We rely on patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets to protect our proprietary rights which may not be sufficient to protect our intellectual property.

 

We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and confidentiality procedures to protect our proprietary rights. Others may independently develop similar proprietary information and techniques or gain access to our intellectual property rights or disclose such technology. In addition, we cannot assure you that any patent or registered trademark owned by us will not be invalidated, circumvented or challenged in the U.S. or foreign countries or that the rights granted thereunder will provide competitive advantages to us or that any of our pending or future patent applications will be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at all. Furthermore, others may develop similar products, duplicate our products or design around our patents. In addition, foreign intellectual property laws may not protect our intellectual property rights. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our patents and other intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity of and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources which could harm our business, and we could ultimately be unsuccessful in protecting our intellectual property rights.

 

29


We face and might in the future face intellectual property infringement claims and other litigation claims that might be costly to resolve and, if resolved adversely, may harm our operating results or financial condition.

 

We are a party to lawsuits (patent-related and otherwise) in the normal course of our business. For instance, we recently initiated a patent infringement lawsuit against Codian. Litigation is often expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations. The results of, and costs associated with, complex litigation matters are difficult to predict, and the uncertainty associated with substantial unresolved lawsuits could harm our business, financial condition and reputation. Negative developments with respect to pending lawsuits could cause our stock price to decline, and an unfavorable resolution of any particular lawsuit could have an adverse and possibly material effect on our business and results of operations.

 

We expect that the number and significance of claims and legal proceedings that assert patent infringement claims or other intellectual property rights covering our products will increase as our business expands. In particular, we expect to face an increasing number of patent and copyright claims as the number of products and competitors in our industry grows and the functionality of video, voice, data and web conferencing products overlap. Any claims or proceedings against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all. An unfavorable outcome in any such claim or proceeding could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations for the period in which the unfavorable outcome occurs, and potentially in future periods. Further, any settlement announced by us may expose us to further claims against us by third parties seeking monetary or other damages which, even if unsuccessful, would divert management attention from the business and cause us to incur costs, possibly material, to defend such matters. For example, in November 2004, we settled our outstanding patent infringement litigation with Avistar Communications, Inc. (“Avistar”) and Collaboration Properties, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Avistar, and, in connection with such settlement, paid $27.5 million.

 

Loss of government contracts could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We sell our products, directly and indirectly, and provide services to governmental entities in accordance with certain regulated contractual arrangements. If we fail to report in accordance with, or otherwise fail to comply with, the terms of our government contracts, do not have a satisfactory outcome in government audits of our contracts, or otherwise violate regulatory requirements, the government could suspend or disbar us as a supplier and prohibit all sales of our product to government agencies. The United States General Services Administration (“US GSA”) is currently conducting a review of our governmental sales of products and services. Such review, if not deemed satisfactory by the US GSA, could result in further audits, which if such audits were not resolved satisfactorily, could result in our disqualification as an approved government supplier. Any suspension or disbarment of us as a government supplier would negatively affect our results of operations.

 

While we believe we currently have adequate internal control over financial reporting, we are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.

 

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Section 404), beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, we were required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. Such report contains, among other matters, an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not our internal control over financial reporting is effective. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management. Such report must also contain a statement that our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of such internal control.

 

30


While we were able to assert in our Annual Report on Form 10-K that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005, we must continue to monitor and assess our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to assert in any future reporting period that our internal control over financial reporting is effective (or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to attest that our management’s report is fairly stated or they are unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls), we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would have an adverse effect on our stock price.

 

Changes in existing financial accounting standards or practices may adversely affect our results of operations.

 

Changes in existing accounting rules or practices, new accounting pronouncements, or varying interpretations of current accounting pronouncements could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations or the manner in which we conduct our business. Further, such changes could potentially affect our reporting of transactions completed before such changes are effective. For example, in 2005, we were not required to record stock-based compensation charges to earnings in connection with stock options grants to our employees. However, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS 123R, “Stock-Based Payments,” which will require us to record stock-based compensation charges to earnings for employee stock option grants commencing in the first quarter of 2006. Such charges will negatively impact our earnings. For instance, the Company expects the compensation charges under SFAS 123R to reduce net income by approximately $15 to $20 million for fiscal 2006. In addition, future changes to various assumptions used to determine the fair value of awards issued or the amount and type of equity awards granted create uncertainty as to the amount of future stock-based compensation expense and make such amounts difficult to predict accurately.

 

Changes in tax rates could affect our future results.

 

The Company’s future effective tax rates could be favorably or unfavorably affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. For instance, we recently announced an increase in our expected tax rate in 2006 due to the current lapse in the U.S. research and development tax credit, which may in fact adjust down again if the tax credit gets reinstated. The adoption of SFAS 123R will also add more variability to our future effective tax rates.

 

In addition, the Company is subject to the continuous examination of its income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of its provision for income taxes. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these continuous examinations will not have an adverse affect on the Company’s net income and financial condition.

 

Business interruptions could adversely affect our operations.

 

Our operations are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, typhoon or other natural disaster, quarantines or other disruptions associated with infectious diseases, national catastrophe, terrorist activities, war, ongoing Iraqi disturbances, an attack on Israel, disruptions in our computing and communications infrastructure due to power loss, telecommunications failure, human error, physical or electronic security breaches and computer viruses, and other events beyond our control. We do not have a fully implemented detailed disaster recovery plan. In addition, our business interruption insurance may not be sufficient to compensate us for losses that may occur, and any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 

Our cash flow could fluctuate due to the potential difficulty of collecting our receivables and managing our inventories.

 

Over the past few years, we initiated significant investments in Europe and Asia to expand our business in these regions. In Europe and Asia, as with other international regions, credit terms are typically longer than in the

 

31


United States. Therefore, as Europe, Asia and other international regions grow as a percentage of our revenues, accounts receivable balances will likely increase as compared to previous years. Although, from time to time, we have been able to largely offset the effects of these influences through additional incentives offered to channel partners at the end of each quarter in the form of prepaid discounts, these additional incentives have lowered our profitability. In addition, the recurrence of economic uncertainty or downturn in technology spending in the United States may restrict the availability of capital which may delay our collections from our channel partners beyond our historical experience or may cause companies to file for bankruptcy, which occurred with Global Crossing, WorldCom and MCSi. Either of these conditions would harm our cash flow and days sales outstanding performance. Although in recent quarters our experience in collecting receivables has been good and we expect this trend to continue, there can be no assurance that it will continue.

 

Our days sales outstanding (DSO) metric is currently ranging from 40 to 46 days. However, we expect that our DSO metric will continue to fluctuate, and in all likelihood, will increase as revenues increase, as a result of fluctuations in revenue linearity, as a result of future acquisitions, as a result of a greater mix of international sales, or any other factors.

 

In addition, as we manage our business and focus on shorter shipment lead times for certain of our products and implement freight cost reduction programs, our inventory levels may increase, resulting in decreased inventory turns that could negatively impact our cash flow. For example, our inventory turns decreased from 7.7 turns in the fourth quarter of 2004 to 5.3 turns in the fourth quarter of 2005, and this trend may continue in future operating periods.

 

Our stock price fluctuates as a result of the conduct of our business and stock market fluctuations.

 

The market price of our common stock has from time to time experienced significant fluctuations. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by a variety of factors, including:

 

    statements or changes in opinions, ratings or earnings estimates made by brokerage firms or industry analysts relating to the market in which we do business, including competitors, partners, suppliers or telecommunications industry leaders or relating to us specifically, as has occurred recently;

 

    the announcement of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors;

 

    technological innovations by us or our competitors;

 

    quarterly variations in our results of operations;

 

    general market conditions or market conditions specific to technology industries; and

 

    domestic and international macroeconomic factors.

 

In addition, the stock market continues to experience price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations have had a substantial effect on the market prices for many high technology companies like us. These fluctuations are often unrelated to the operating performance of the specific companies.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

 

None.

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

We are currently headquartered in an approximately 50,000 square foot leased facility in Pleasanton, California. This facility accommodates our executive and administrative operations. Our approximately 102,000 square foot leased facility in Milpitas, California houses research and development, manufacturing, marketing, sales and customer support operations for our voice communications business.

 

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The majority of our video communications and service operations are located in an approximately 107,000 square foot leased facility in Andover, Massachusetts and an approximately 62,000 square foot leased facility in Austin, Texas. Our network systems operations occupy approximately 47,000 square feet in Petach Tikva, Israel and 32,000 square feet in Atlanta, Georgia, which facility is also shared with our installed voice business. Our audio network systems operations are located in an approximately 84,000 square foot leased facility located in Westminster, Colorado. In addition, we lease space in Vancouver, Canada for our VoIP development operation and in Burlington, Massachusetts for our advanced voice development operations. See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

The Andover, Massachusetts lease was amended in November 2003. The original term of this lease, which would end in 2014, was amended to allow us to exit the facility in various stages through 2008 in exchange for certain cash payments. In June 2004, we entered into a termination agreement and related payment agreement for this facility which terminated the lease on all of the unoccupied space as of December 28, 2004. The agreement resulted in an acceleration of the termination payments that were previously scheduled through 2008. All amounts owing under the lease termination agreement were paid in January 2005.

 

We lease an approximately 55,000 square foot facility in Tracy, California for our North American and Latin American distribution center. Further, we utilize space at our manufacturing contractor in Thailand and our European distribution contractor in the United Kingdom and Netherlands to provide Asian and European distribution and repair centers, respectively.

 

Within the U.S., we lease office space, primarily for sales offices in various metropolitan locations, including: Atlanta, Georgia; Chicago, Illinois; Herndon, Virginia; Irvine, California; New York, New York; and Dallas, Texas. Outside of the U.S, we lease offices in several countries, including Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, Peru, Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom. Our facilities are leased pursuant to agreements that expire beginning in 2006 and extend out to 2018.

 

As a result of the acquisition of PictureTel completed in October 2001, we identified redundant facilities that we intend to terminate or sublease or have terminated or subleased. For example, we lease an approximately 152,000 square foot building which is fully subleased to a third party for which the sublease runs concurrent with our lease obligation. As a result, we are not currently showing a lease obligation related to this facility. See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

We believe that our current facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future, and that suitable additional or alternative space will be available in the future on commercially reasonable terms as needed.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

From time to time, we are involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. We expect that the number and significance of these matters will increase as our business expands. In particular, we expect to face an increasing number of patent and other intellectual property claims as the number of products and competitors in Polycom’s industry grows and the functionality of video, voice, data and web conferencing products overlap. Any claims or proceedings against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements which, if required, may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all. Based on currently available information, management does not believe that the ultimate outcomes of these unresolved matters, individually and in the aggregate, are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and our view of these matters may change in the future. Were an unfavorable outcome to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our financial

 

33


position and results of operations or liquidity for the period in which the unfavorable outcome occurs or becomes probable, and potentially in future periods.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

Not applicable.

 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

Our executive officers, and all persons chosen to become executive officers, and their ages and positions as of February 28, 2006, are as follows:

 

Name


   Age

  

Position(s)


Robert C. Hagerty*

   54    Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer and President

Michael R. Kourey*

   46    Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer, and Director

Sunil K. Bhalla

   49    Senior Vice President and General Manager, Voice Communications

Sayed M. Darwish

   40    Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Laura J. Durr

   45    Vice President and Worldwide Controller

James E. Ellett

   46    Senior Vice President and General Manager, Video Communications

Philip B. Keenan

   43    Senior Vice President and General Manager, Network Systems

Kim Niederman

   54    Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales

* Member of the Board of Directors.

 

Mr. Hagerty joined us in January 1997 as our President and Chief Operating Officer and as a member of our Board of Directors. In July 1998, Mr. Hagerty was named Chief Executive Officer. In March 2000, Mr. Hagerty was named Chairman of our Board of Directors. Prior to joining us, Mr. Hagerty served as President of Stylus Assets, Ltd., a developer of software and hardware products for fax, document management and Internet communications. He also held several key management positions with Logitech, Inc., including Operating Committee Member to the Office of the President, and Senior Vice President/General Manager of Logitech’s retail division and worldwide operations. In addition, Mr. Hagerty’s career history includes positions as Vice President, High Performance Products for Conner Peripherals, Director of Manufacturing Operations and General Manager for Signal Corporation, and Operations Manager for Digital Equipment Corporation. Mr. Hagerty currently serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Modulus Video, Inc. and Palm, Inc. Mr. Hagerty holds a B.S. in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering from the University of Massachusetts, and an M.A. in Management from St. Mary’s College of California.

 

Mr. Kourey has been one of our directors since January 1999. Mr. Kourey has served as our Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration since January 1999 and as our Chief Financial Officer since January 1995. He also served as Vice President, Finance and Administration from January 1995 to January 1999, Vice President, Finance and Operations from July 1991 to January 1995, Secretary from June 1993 to May 2003 and Treasurer from May 2003 to May 2004. Mr. Kourey currently serves as a member of the Board of Directors of WatchGuard Technologies, Inc. and serves on the Advisory Board of the Business School at Santa Clara University. Prior to joining us, he was Vice President, Operations of Verilink Corporation. Mr. Kourey holds a B.S. in Managerial Economics from the University of California, Davis, and an M.B.A. from Santa Clara University.

 

Mr. Bhalla joined us in February 2000 as our Senior Vice President and General Manager, Voice Communications. Before joining us, Mr. Bhalla served as Vice President of Polaroid Corporation’s Internet Business from October 1999 to January 2000 and also served as Polaroid’s Vice President and General Manager, Worldwide Digital Imaging Business from June 1998 to October 1999. Previously, Mr. Bhalla also held posts as

 

34


Director of Strategic Marketing at Computervision Corporation from September 1991 to June 1993, as well as senior management positions with Digital Equipment Corporation from September 1986 to August 1991. Mr. Bhalla is a graduate of the Stanford Executive Program, Stanford University, holds a M.S. in Mechanical Engineering and CAD/CAM from Lehigh University, Pennsylvania, and a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Institute of Technology, BHU, India.

 

Mr. Darwish joined us in August 2005 as our Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Prior to joining Polycom, from December 2003 to August 2005, Mr. Darwish served in various legal positions at EMC Corporation, ultimately as Vice President and General Counsel for EMC Corporation’s Software Group, after EMC’s acquisition of Documentum, Inc., where he served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary from July 2000 to December 2003. Prior to that, Mr. Darwish served as Vice President and General Counsel for Luna Information Systems, served in various positions, including as General Counsel and Vice President, Legal and HR, for Forté Software, Inc. through its acquisition by Sun Microsystems, Inc., served as Corporate Counsel at Oracle Corporation, and was an associate in the law firm of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison. Mr. Darwish is a graduate of the University of San Francisco School of Law, J.D. cum laude, and holds a B.S. in Mathematics and a B.A. in Economics from the University of Illinois, Urbana.

 

Ms. Durr has served as our Vice President, Worldwide Controller and Principal Accounting Officer since March 2005. Ms. Durr joined us in March 2004 as our Assistant Controller. Prior to joining Polycom, Ms. Durr served as the Director of Finance & Administration for QuickSilver Technology, Inc. from February 2003 to March 2004, as an independent consultant from July 2002 to February 2003 and as the Corporate Controller for C Speed Corporation from April 2001 to June 2002. From October 1999 to October 2000, Ms. Durr was a business unit Controller at Lucent Technologies, Inc. after Lucent’s acquisition of International Network Services, where she served as the Corporate Controller from May 1995 to October 1999. Ms. Durr also spent six years in various capacities at Price Waterhouse LLP. Ms. Durr is a certified public accountant and holds a B.S. in Accounting from San Jose State University in San Jose, California.

 

Mr. Ellett joined us in February 2003 as Senior Vice President and General Manager, Video Communications. Before joining us, Mr. Ellett served as Vice President and General Manager of the Client Business Unit of Advanced Micro Devices. Prior to Advanced Micro Devices, Mr. Ellett held various general manager positions at Compaq Computer Corporation from November 1996 through February 2001. In addition, Mr. Ellett held positions at Cyrix Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation and spent six years at Dell Computer Corporation in various positions in the Desktop Systems, Consumer Products and Portable Systems groups. Mr. Ellett holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin.

 

Mr. Keenan has served as our Senior Vice President and General Manager, Network Systems since January 2003. Prior to that, Mr. Keenan served as our Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing from January 2002 to January 2003 and as our Senior Vice President and General Manager, Network Systems, from March 2001 to January 2002. Prior to joining us, Mr. Keenan served as Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing of Accord Networks Ltd. from April 1998 until February 2001. Mr. Keenan served as the Vice President of International Sales for VideoServer, Inc. from May 1994 until February 1998. Mr. Keenan holds an honors degree in Mining Geology from Cardiff University in the United Kingdom.

 

Mr. Niederman joined us in January 2003 as Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales. Prior to joining Polycom, Mr. Niederman served as President, CEO and founder of LongBoard, Inc., a leader in software-based IP services platforms. Mr. Niederman also served as President and CEO of Magellan Network Systems during 1999, Vice President, Worldwide Sales with start-up RadioLAN, Inc. from 1997 through 1999, and Vice President of Sales with FORE Systems, Inc. from 1995 through 1997. Mr. Niederman also held various positions at Cisco Systems from 1990 through 1995, including Director, Worldwide Sales of Cisco’s first business unit, Director, Central Operations and Region Manager, Central Area. Mr. Niederman holds a B.A. in Political Science from the University of Denver.

 

35


PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Price Range of Common Stock

 

The following table presents the high and low sale prices per share for our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market, under the symbol PLCM, for the periods indicated.

 

     High

   Low

Year Ended December 31, 2004:

             

First Quarter

   $ 24.17    $ 18.44

Second Quarter

     23.50      18.37

Third Quarter

     22.38      16.73

Fourth Quarter

     24.07      19.58

Year Ended December 31, 2005:

             

First Quarter

   $ 23.55    $ 15.85

Second Quarter

     17.99      14.44

Third Quarter

     17.85      13.97

Fourth Quarter

     17.58      14.24

Year Ending December 31, 2006:

             

First Quarter (through February 28, 2006)

   $ 19.95    $ 15.13

 

On February 28, 2006 the last reported sale price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq National Market was $19.42 per share. As of December 31, 2005, there were approximately 1,085 holders of record of our common stock. Because many of our shares of common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.

 

Dividend Policy

 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our capital stock and do not anticipate, at this time, paying any cash dividends on our capital stock in the near future. We currently intend to retain any future earnings for use in our business, future acquisitions or future purchases of our common stock.

 

Share Repurchase Program

 

The following table provides a month-to-month summary of the stock purchase activity during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2005:

 

Period


  

Total
Number of
Shares

Purchased


  

Average Price Paid

per Share


  

Total Number of
Shares Purchased

as Part of Publicly

Announced Plan


  

Approximate

Dollar Value of Shares

that May

Yet be

Purchased

Under the Plan


10/01/05 to 10/31/05

   1,110,000    $ 15.12    1,110,000    $ 187,587,000

11/01/05 to 11/30/05

   4,285,300      15.92    4,285,300    $ 119,373,000

12/01/05 to 12/31/05

   —        —      —      $ 119,373,000
    
  

  
      

Total

   5,395,300    $ 15.75    5,395,300       
    
  

  
      

 

On August 9, 2005, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had approved a $250 million share repurchase plan, which superseded all prior share repurchase plans, under which it would purchase shares in the open market from time to time. As of December 31, 2005, under the 2005 share repurchase plan, the Company had purchased approximately 8.1 million shares of its common stock in the open market for cash of $130.6 million. These shares of common stock have been retired and reclassified as authorized and unissued shares. The 2005 share repurchase plan does not have an expiration date but is limited by the dollar amount authorized.

 

36


ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

 

    Year Ended December 31,

 
    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

    2001

 
    (in thousands, except per share data)  

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:

                                       

Revenues

                                       

Product revenues

  $ 511,462     $ 483,535     $ 381,439     $ 406,820     $ 344,406  

Service revenues

    69,197       56,717       38,984       45,271       22,425  
   


 


 


 


 


Total revenues

    580,659       540,252       420,423       452,091       366,831  
   


 


 


 


 


Cost of revenues

                                       

Cost of product revenues

    179,837       161,619       137,685       160,766       136,199  

Cost of service revenues

    39,680       37,092       27,892       26,747       9,046  
   


 


 


 


 


Total cost of revenues

    219,517       198,711       165,577       187,513       145,245  
   


 


 


 


 


Gross profit

    361,142       341,541       254,846       264,578       221,586  
   


 


 


 


 


Operating expenses

                                       

Sales and marketing

    142,719       120,699       101,884       97,105       71,844  

Research and development

    91,479       92,076       72,638       72,487       52,331  

General and administrative

    35,631       36,942       31,334       29,947       21,564  

Acquisition-related costs

    351       1,394       386       3,699       24,077  

Purchased in-process research and development

    300       4,600       —         900       52,642  

Amortization of purchased intangibles

    8,790       20,521       17,591       17,135       3,905  

Amortization of goodwill

    —         —         —         —         2,114  

Restructure costs

    633       1,387       5,029       1,657       —    

Litigation reserves and payments

    (93 )     20,951       —         (257 )     —    
   


 


 


 


 


Total operating expenses

    279,810       298,570       228,862       222,673       228,477  
   


 


 


 


 


Operating income (loss)

    81,332       42,971       25,984       41,905       (6,891 )

Interest income, net

    12,848       7,279       8,451       9,492       12,755  

Gain (loss) on strategic investments

    2,908       (12 )     (737 )     (7,465 )     (3,178 )

Other income (expense), net

    (5 )     (1,330 )     (1,774 )     527       (608 )
   


 


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

    97,083       48,908       31,924       44,459       2,078  

Provision for income taxes

    34,722       14,332       8,958       11,675       20,379  
   


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations

    62,361       34,576       22,966       32,784       (18,301 )

Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    —         296       (695 )     (6,024 )     (9,399 )

Gain from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

    384       477       552       —         —    
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $ 62,745     $ 35,349     $ 22,823     $ 26,760     $ (27,700 )
   


 


 


 


 


Basic net income (loss) per share:

                                       

Income (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $ 0.66     $ 0.36     $ 0.23     $ 0.33     $ (0.22 )

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    —         —         (0.01 )     (0.06 )     (0.11 )

Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

    —         —         0.01       —         —    
   


 


 


 


 


Basic net income (loss) per share

  $ 0.66     $ 0.36     $ 0.23     $ 0.27     $ (0.33 )
   


 


 


 


 


Diluted net income (loss) per share:

                                       

Income (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $ 0.65     $ 0.35     $ 0.23     $ 0.33     $ (0.22 )

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    —         —         (0.01 )     (0.06 )     (0.11 )

Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

    —         —         0.01       —         —    
   


 


 


 


 


Diluted net income (loss) per share

  $ 0.65     $ 0.35     $ 0.23     $ 0.27     $ (0.33 )
   


 


 


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding for basic net income (loss) per share

    95,691       99,334       99,244       99,324       85,123  

Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted net income (loss) per share

    97,014       102,018       100,752       100,696       85,123  
    December 31,

 
    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

    2001

 
    (in thousands)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

                                       

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

  $ 277,462     $ 214,340     $ 228,265     $ 193,861     $ 150,180  

Working capital

    246,240       171,303       194,015       202,913       201,649  

Total assets

    1,071,400       1,154,641       1,103,790       1,076,874       821,165  

Total long-term obligations

    23,033       15,874       32,519       37,996       26,579  

Total stockholders’ equity

    856,869       964,614       929,279       903,743       643,986  

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

YOU SHOULD READ THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS IN CONJUNCTION WITH OUR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES. EXCEPT FOR HISTORICAL INFORMATION, THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. WHEN USED IN THIS REPORT, THE WORDS “MAY,” “BELIEVE,” “COULD,” “ANTICIPATE,” “WOULD,” “MIGHT,” “PLAN,” “EXPECT,” “WILL,” “INTEND,” “POTENTIAL,” AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS OR THE NEGATIVE OF THESE TERMS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, INCLUDING, AMONG OTHER THINGS, STATEMENTS REGARDING OUR ANTICIPATED PRODUCTS, CUSTOMER AND GEOGRAPHIC REVENUE LEVELS AND MIX, GROSS MARGINS, OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES AND OUR CHANNEL INVENTORY LEVELS, INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES. OUR ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT MIGHT CAUSE FUTURE RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE DISCUSSED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, THOSE DISCUSSED IN “RISK FACTORS” IN THIS DOCUMENT, AS WELL AS OTHER INFORMATION FOUND ELSEWHERE IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K.

 

Overview

 

We are a leading global provider of a line of high-quality, easy-to-use communications equipment that enables enterprise users to more effectively conduct video, voice, data and web communications. Our offerings are organized along four product lines: Video Communications, Voice Communications, Network Systems, and Services. For reporting purposes, we aggregate Video Communications and Voice Communications into one segment named Communications and report Network Systems and Services as separate segments.

 

Our products are unified under The Polycom Accelerated Communications Architecture, a framework of common technology principles and objectives for intelligent, standards-based communications. This architecture is designed to facilitate interoperability among systems in a multi-vendor ecosystem, leverage common features across a variety of products and streamline management processes. The Polycom Accelerated Communications Architecture serves as the enabling platform for unified collaborative communication, our corporate vision of a unified communications environment for employees, customers and partners to communicate in a dispersed workplace.

 

The shift from circuit-switched telephony networks to Internet Protocol (IP) based networks is a significant driver for Polycom’s collaborative communications markets and for our business. In 2005, for instance, our Voice over IP (VoIP) products grew faster than any other product line in the company. In addition, over half of our group video products and essentially all of our desktop video products were shipped to connect to IP environments rather than legacy ISDN networks. Strategically, Polycom is investing much of its research, development, sales and marketing efforts into delivering a superior IP-based collaborative communications solution, using Polycom proprietary technology in the evolving, standards-based IP communications environment.

 

In January 2003, we sold to Verilink Corporation, or Verilink, certain fixed assets and intellectual property rights relating to our network access product line, including our line of NetEngine integrated devices. Our Consolidated Financial Statements reflect our network access product line as discontinued operations in accordance with SFAS 144. The results of operations of our network access product line that was sold to Verilink have been classified as discontinued, and prior periods have been reclassified, including the reallocation of general overhead charges to our three remaining reporting segments. Unless otherwise indicated, the following discussion relates to our continuing operations. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our discontinued operations.

 

38


On January 5, 2004, we completed our acquisition of Voyant Technologies, Inc., or Voyant, pursuant to the terms of an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 21, 2003. Voyant designs and delivers group voice communication solutions and is a part of our Network Systems and Services segments. Voyant has been included in our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows from January 5, 2004, the date of acquisition.

 

On August 25, 2005, we completed our acquisition of DSTMedia Technology Co., Ltd., or DSTMedia, a privately held video solutions company headquartered in Beijing, China. DSTMedia designs and delivers video network systems solutions, as well as lower cost video IP solutions, and is included in our Communications and Network Systems segments. DSTMedia has been included in our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows from August 25, 2005, the date of acquisition.

 

Our consolidated revenues were $580.7 million in 2005 as compared to $540.3 million in 2004. The increase in revenues primarily reflects increased sales volumes of our voice and video communications products, and to a lesser extent, increases in service revenues. These increases were partially offset by decreased revenues from our network systems products. During 2005, we generated approximately $117.4 million in cash flow from operating activities, which after the impact of other investing and financing activities, resulted in a $92.9 million net increase in our total cash and cash equivalents.

 

Our Communications segment includes videoconferencing collaboration products and voice communications products and accounted for 72% of our revenues in 2005. Our Network Systems segment includes our MGC and ReadiVoice series of media servers, ReadiManager network management product, PathNavigator call processing server, and other network management and scheduling software and accounted for 16% of revenues in 2005. Our Services segment includes a wide range of professional service and support offerings to our resellers and directly to some end-user customers and accounted for 12% of revenues in 2005.

 

Competition that we face in our markets is intense and competition that we face in certain of our international markets is different than that we face in North America and is currently based principally on price. We have noted additional competitors and increased pricing pressures in China, India and other parts of Asia contributing to the flat revenues that we have seen in Asia in the first and second quarters of 2005 and decreased revenues in the third quarter of 2005 as compared to the respective year ago periods. Although we had improved sequential performance in Asia in the fourth quarter of 2005, revenues are lower than the comparable year ago period, and we still see increased competition in this region, particularly in China. If we are unable to compete effectively in these regions in terms of price, technology, product offerings or marketing strategies, our overall financial results may suffer.

 

Sales of some of our products have experienced seasonal fluctuations which have affected sequential growth rates for these products, particularly in our third and first quarters. There is generally a slowdown of sales in the European region in the third quarter of each year and sales to government entities typically slow in our fourth quarter and, to a greater extent, in our first quarter. In addition, sales of our video communications products have typically declined in the first quarter of the year compared to the fourth quarter of the prior year. Seasonal fluctuations could negatively affect our business, which could cause our operating results to fall short of anticipated results for such quarters, as they did in the first quarter of 2005.

 

The discussion of results of operations at the consolidated level is followed by a more detailed discussion of results of operations by segment. The discussion of our segment operating results is presented for the three years ended December 31, 2005, including Voyant’s results of operations from January 5, 2004 and DSTMedia’s results of operations from August 25, 2005.

 

39


Results of Operations for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2005

 

The following table sets forth, as a percentage of total revenues (unless indicated otherwise), consolidated statements of operations data for the periods indicated.

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Revenues

                  

Product revenues

   88 %   90 %   91 %

Service revenues

   12 %   10 %   9 %
    

 

 

Total revenues

   100 %   100 %   100 %

Cost of revenues

                  

Cost of product revenues as % of product revenues

   35 %   33 %   36 %

Cost of service revenues as % of service revenues

   57 %   65 %   72 %
    

 

 

Total cost of revenues

   38 %   37 %   39 %
    

 

 

Gross profit

   62 %   63 %   61 %
    

 

 

Operating expenses

                  

Sales and marketing

   25 %   22 %   24 %

Research and development

   16 %   17 %   18 %

General and administrative

   6 %   7 %   8 %

Acquisition-related costs

   0 %   0 %   0 %

Purchased in-process research and development

   0 %   1 %   0 %

Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles

   1 %   4 %   4 %

Restructure costs

   0 %   0 %   1 %

Litigation reserves and payments

   0 %   4 %   0 %
    

 

 

Total operating expenses

   48 %   55 %   55 %
    

 

 

Operating income

   14 %   8 %   6 %

Interest income, net

   2 %   1 %   2 %

Gain (loss) on strategic investments

   1 %   0 %   0 %

Other expense, net

   0 %   0 %   (1 )%
    

 

 

Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

   17 %   9 %   7 %

Provision for income taxes

   6 %   2 %   2 %
    

 

 

Income from continuing operations

   11 %   7 %   5 %

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes

   0 %   0 %   0 %

Gain from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

   0 %   0 %   0 %
    

 

 

Net income

   11 %   7 %   5 %
    

 

 

 

Revenues

 

Total revenues for 2005 were $580.7 million, an increase of $40.4 million, or 7%, over 2004. The increase was due to increased sales volumes of our voice and video communications products, and to a lesser extent, increases in service revenues. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in network systems revenues. Video communications product revenues increased to $278.5 million for 2005 from $266.9 million in 2004, a 4% increase, primarily due to an increase in sales of our group video products, partially offset by decreases in our desktop video products. Voice communications product revenues increased to $138.8 million for 2005 from $107.7 million in 2004, a 29% increase, primarily as a result of increases in sales of our Voice-over-IP products and, to a lesser extent, increases in sales of our circuit switched products and installed voice products. Revenues from our Network Systems products for 2005 decreased 14% over 2004 from $108.9 million to $94.2 million, due primarily to decreased video network system revenues. Network system revenues were impacted by a

 

40


decrease in video network system volumes, as well as lower average selling prices, particularly on low end products, primarily as a result of increased competition. Services revenues increased to $69.2 million for 2005 from $56.7 million in 2004, primarily due to increased video-related services and video network system services, and to a lesser extent increases in audio network system services.

 

Total revenues for 2004 were $540.3 million, an increase of $119.8 million, or 29%, over 2003. The increase was due to increased network system revenues, which included revenues from the Voyant acquisition in 2004, increased sales volumes of our video and voice communications products, and to a lesser extent, increases in service revenues. Video communications product revenues increased to $266.9 million for 2004 from $237.6 million in 2003, a 12% increase, primarily due to an increase in sales of our group video products, partially offset by decreases in our desktop video products. Voice communications revenues increased to $107.7 million for 2004 from $76.4 million in 2003, a 41% increase, primarily as a result of increases in sales of our circuit switched products and Voice-over-IP products and, to a lesser extent, increases in our installed voice products. Revenues from our Network Systems products for 2004 increased 62% over 2003 from $67.4 million to $108.9 million, due primarily to sales of audio network systems as a result of our Voyant acquisition and to increases in video network system revenues. Services revenues increased to $56.7 million for 2004 from $39.0 million in 2003, primarily due to increased network system services as a result of the Voyant acquisition, which was partially offset by decreases in video-related services.

 

International sales, or revenues outside of Canada and the U.S., accounted for 41%, 42% and 46% of total revenues for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. On a regional basis, North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America accounted for 59%, 21%, 18% and 2%, respectively, of our total 2005 revenues. North America, Europe and Latin America revenues increased 9%, 11% and 29%, respectively, in 2005 over 2004, while Asia Pacific revenues decreased 4%. North America revenues increased as a result of an increase in voice and video communication product revenues, and to a lesser extent, increased service revenues. These increases were partially offset by decreases in network systems revenues. Europe revenues increased as a result of an increase in video and voice communication product revenues, and to a lesser extent, increased service revenues. These increases were partially offset by decreases in network systems revenues. Latin America revenues increased as a result of increased video and voice communication product revenues, and to a lesser extent, increases in network systems and services revenues. Asia Pacific revenues decreased primarily as a result of decreased video communication product revenues and network systems product revenues. These decreases were only partially offset by increases in voice communication product revenues and increased service revenues.

 

On a regional basis, North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America accounted for 58%, 20%, 20% and 2%, respectively, of our total 2004 revenues. North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America revenues increased 36%, 29%, 10% and 28%, respectively, in 2004 over 2003. North America revenues increased as a result of increased network systems and voice communication product revenues, and to a lesser extent, increased video communication product and services revenues. The increases in network systems and services were due in part to the Voyant acquisition. Europe revenues increased as a result of increased revenues in video and voice communication products, network systems and services revenues. Asia Pacific revenues increased as a result of increased network systems and voice communication product revenues, and to a lesser extent, increases in video communication product revenues and services. Latin America revenues increased primarily as a result of increased video communication revenues, and to a lesser extent, due to increases in voice communication product revenues, network systems and services revenues.

 

No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our total net revenues or our Services segment revenues in 2005, 2004 or 2003. In 2005, one channel partner accounted for 11% of our Communications segment revenues. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our Communications segment revenues in 2004 or 2003. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our Network Systems segment revenues in 2005 and 2004. In 2003, our Network Systems segment had two channel partners that, together, represented approximately 21% of Network Systems segment revenues. We believe it is unlikely that the loss of any or all of these channel partners would have a long term material adverse affect on our consolidated net revenues or segment net

 

41


revenues as we believe end-users would likely purchase our products from a different channel partner. However, a loss of any one of these channel partners could have a material adverse impact during the transition period. In 2004, we began selling our audio network systems, a product line obtained through the Voyant acquisition, direct to end users and the revenues in the Network Systems segment from end users are subject to more variability than our revenues from our reseller customers. The loss of one or more of the audio network system customers could have a material impact on our Network Systems segment and consolidated revenues.

 

In 2005, we made changes to our co-op marketing program that we provide to our channel partners that generally resulted in co-op funds being treated as a marketing expense rather than as a revenue reduction as it was previously. This change affected how our partners utilize and claim credit for eligible marketing activities and was intended to better leverage our collective marketing efforts. As a result of this change, revenues, gross profit and marketing expenses all increased in 2005 by the amount of co-op marketing dollars that would have previously been a reduction of revenues. This change had no effect on our net income or cash flows. In 2004 and 2003, we recorded approximately $10.2 million and $9.0 million, respectively, for co-op marketing programs as a reduction of revenues, which had the co-op marketing program changes been in effect for those years, revenues, gross profit and marketing expenses would have increased by approximately that amount.

 

We typically ship products within a short time after we receive an order, and, therefore backlog has not been a good indicator of future revenues. As of December 31, 2005, we had $38.1 million of order backlog as compared to $20.1 million at December 31, 2004. We include in backlog open product orders which we expect to ship or services which we expect to bill and record revenue for in the following quarter. Once billed, unrecorded service revenue is included in deferred revenue. We ended 2005 with a more significant amount of order backlog than our historical experience, primarily as a result of the level and timing of orders received and customer delivery dates requested outside of the quarter. We believe that the current level of backlog will continue to fluctuate and is dependent in part on our ability to forecast revenue mix and plan our manufacturing accordingly, deferred revenue associated with our VSX products, and ongoing service deferrals as service revenues increase as a percent of total revenue. In addition, orders from our channel partners are based on the level of demand from end-user customers. Any decline or uncertainty in end-user demand could negatively impact end-user orders, which in turn could negatively affect orders from our channel partners in any given quarter. As a result, our backlog could decline from current levels.

 

Cost of Revenues and Gross Margins

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase
(Decrease) From
Prior Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2003

    2005

    2004

 

Product Cost of Revenues

   $ 179,837     $ 161,619     $ 137,685     11 %   17 %

% of Product Revenues

     35 %     33 %     36 %   2 pts   (3 )pts

Product Gross Margins

     65 %     67 %     64 %   (2 )pts   3 pts

Service Cost of Revenues

   $ 39,680     $ 37,092     $ 27,892     7 %   33 %

% of Service Revenues

     57 %     65 %     72 %   (8 )pts   (7 )pts

Service Gross Margins

     43 %     35 %     28 %   8 pts   7 pts

Total Cost of Revenues

   $ 219,517     $ 198,711     $ 165,577     10 %   20 %

% of Total Revenues

     38 %     37 %     39 %   1 pt   (2 )pts

Total Gross Margin

     62 %     63 %     61 %   (1 )pt   2 pts

 

Cost of Product Revenues and Product Gross Margins

 

Cost of product revenues consists primarily of contract manufacturer costs, including material and direct labor, our manufacturing organization, tooling depreciation, warranty expense, freight expense, royalty payments and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs. Generally, Network Systems segment products have a higher gross margin than our Communications segment products.

 

42


Overall, product gross margins decreased by 2 percentage point in 2005 as compared to 2004 primarily as a result of decreased margins in our Network Systems segment. Network system margins were impacted by a decrease in video network system volumes, as well as lower average selling prices, particularly on low end products, primarily as a result of increased competition. Gross margins in our Communications segment were essentially flat year over year.

 

Additionally, in 2005, we made a change to our co-op marketing program that we provide to our channel partners that resulted in co-op funds being treated as a marketing expense rather than a revenue reduction as it was previously. As a result of this change, revenues, gross profit and marketing expenses all increased in 2005 by the amount of co-op marketing dollars that would have previously been a reduction of revenues. This change had no effect on our net income or cash flows. In 2004 and 2003, we recorded approximately $10.2 million and $9.0 million, respectively, for co-op marketing programs as a reduction of revenues, which had the co-op marketing program changes been in effect for those years, revenues, gross profit and marketing expenses would have increased by approximately that amount.

 

Overall, product gross margins increased by 3 percentage points in 2004 as compared to 2003 as a result of more favorable margins in our Communications and Network Systems segments. Video and voice communications product margins were favorably impacted due to increased volumes and improved product mix. Network system margins were favorably impacted by an increase in video system volumes and video system upgrades, which were partially offset by a mix shift to lower margin systems and lower gross margins on audio network products.

 

Cost of Service Revenues and Service Gross Margins

 

Cost of service revenues consists primarily of material and direct labor, depreciation, and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs. Generally, services have a lower gross margin than our product gross margins.

 

Overall, service gross margins increased in 2005 as compared to 2004 as a result of revenues increasing at a faster pace than related service costs and higher margins on audio network systems services. Service gross margins were also favorably impacted by the amortization of deferred revenue associated with the first year of service on our VSX and V500 products that was included in the product price and amortized over the twelve months following shipment.

 

Overall, service gross margins increased in 2004 as compared to 2003 as a result of revenues increasing at a faster pace than related service costs and higher margins on audio network systems services as a result of the Voyant acquisition. Service gross margins were also favorably impacted by the amortization of deferred revenue associated with the first year of service on our VSX and V500 products that was included in the product price and amortized over the twelve months following shipment.

 

Forecasting future gross margin percentages is difficult, and there are a number of risks associated with maintaining our current gross margin levels. Uncertainties surrounding revenue levels and related production level variances, competition, changes in technology, changes in product mix, litigation outcomes and the potential of resulting royalties to third parties, manufacturing efficiencies of subcontractors, manufacturing and purchased part variances, warranty and recall costs and timing of sales over the next few quarters can cause our cost of revenues percentage to vary significantly. In addition, with the improvement in the economy, we may experience higher prices on commodity components that are included in our products, such as the cost increases for memory devices used in many of our products we experienced in 2004. Further, in late 2003 we began including one year of service with some of our video products which has lowered our gross margins for those products as a result of allocating a portion of our product revenue to deferred service revenue. However, service gross margins are favorably impacted when the deferred revenue is recorded as revenue. In addition, most, if not all of our future products may also have one year of service included with the product, thereby potentially impacting product gross margins negatively, depending on the pricing model we establish for those products.

 

43


In addition, cost variances associated with the manufacturing ramp of new products, or the write-off of initial inventory purchases due to product launch delays or the lack of market acceptance of our new products could occur, which would increase our cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues. In addition to the uncertainties listed above, cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues may increase due to a change in our mix of distribution channels and the mix of international versus North American revenues. Cost of revenues will also increase in 2006 as a result of increased compensation charges due to recording stock compensation expense beginning in the first quarter of 2006, as well as, annual merit increases and incentive accruals.

 

Sales and Marketing Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase (Decrease)
From Prior Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2003

    2005

    2004

 

Expenses

   $ 142,719     $ 120,699     $ 101,884     18 %   18 %

% of Total Revenues

     25 %     22 %     24 %   3 pts   (2 )pts

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and commissions for our sales force, advertising and promotional expenses, product marketing, and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs. Additionally, in January 2005, we made a change to our co-op marketing program that we provide to our channel partners that resulted in the co-op marketing funds generally being treated as a marketing expense rather than as a revenue reduction as it was previously. Sales and marketing expenses, except for direct marketing expenses, are not allocated to our segments.

 

The increase in sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenues in 2005 as compared to 2004 is primarily due to a change to our co-op marketing program that we provide to our channel partners that resulted in co-op funds being treated as a marketing expense rather than a revenue reduction as it was in prior years. For 2004, we recorded approximately $10.2 million for co-op marketing programs as a reduction of revenues, which had the co-op marketing program changes been in effect for 2004, marketing expenses would have increased by approximately that amount. Excluding the effect of the co-op marketing change, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased by 1% for 2005 as compared to 2004. The increase in absolute dollars in 2005 as compared to 2004 was due primarily to an increase in our sales headcount due to overall expansion of our sales effort, increased trade show and marketing event activities and the change to our co-op marketing program discussed above. This was partially offset by reduced spending on outside marketing services due to our consolidating these services to fewer vendors.

 

The decrease in sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenues in 2004 as compared to 2003 is due to the increase in revenues over the year ago period. The increase in absolute dollars in 2004 over 2003 was due primarily to increased sales commissions, as a result of improved sales performance against quota, and to a lesser extent due to an increase in our sales and marketing headcount from the Voyant acquisition in January 2004. Additionally, marketing expenses were higher due to increased product launch and trade show activity during 2004.

 

We believe we will incur increased expenses, especially advertising, to expand the overall market for, drive market penetration of, and increase the adoption rate of our technology and products and to educate potential end-users as to the desirability of these products over competing products. We expect to continue to increase our sales and marketing expenses in absolute dollar amounts as we expand North American and international markets and increase our sales coverage in existing markets, market new products and expand the public sector. In addition, sales and marketing expenses will increase in 2006 as a result of increased compensation charges due to recording stock compensation expense beginning in the first quarter of 2006, as well as, annual merit increases and incentive accruals.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase (Decrease)
From Prior Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2003

    2005

    2004

 

Expenses

   $ 91,479     $ 92,076     $ 72,638     (1 )%   27 %

% of Total Revenues

     16 %     17 %     18 %   (1 )pt   (1 )pt

 

44


Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of compensation costs, outside services, expensed materials, depreciation and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs.

 

Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues for 2005 decreased slightly compared to 2004, primarily due to increasing revenues. Research and development expenses decreased in absolute dollars by 1% from $92.1 million in 2004 to $91.5 million in 2005. The decrease in absolute research and development expense dollars was primarily due to decreased headcount-related expenses and development spending in our Network Systems segment, which was partially offset by increases in research and development expenses in the Communications segment in 2005 as compared to 2004.

 

Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues for 2004 decreased slightly compared to 2003, primarily due to increasing revenues. The increase in absolute research and development expense dollars to $92.1 million in 2004 as compared to $72.6 million in 2003, an increase of 27%, was primarily due to increased headcount, headcount-related expenses and development spending, which was partially a result of the Voyant acquisition in January 2004. Increases in research and development expenses occurred for the Network Systems segment and, also to a lesser extent, for the Communications segment in 2004 as compared to 2003.

 

We are currently investing research and development resources to enhance and upgrade the products that comprise our unified collaboration communications solutions, which encompasses products and services in all our segments. We anticipate committing a greater proportion of our research and development expenses toward the development of our software and infrastructure products, which are included in the Network Systems segment, to enhance the integration and interoperability of our entire product suite.

 

We believe that technological leadership is critical to our success and we are committed to continuing a high level of research and development to develop new technologies and to combat competitive pressures. Also, continued investment in new product initiatives will require significant research and development spending. We expect that research and development expenses in absolute dollars will increase in the future. In addition, research and development expenses will increase in 2006 as a result of increased compensation charges due to recording stock compensation expense beginning in the first quarter of 2006, as well as, annual merit increases and incentive accruals.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase (Decrease)
From Prior Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2003

    2005

    2004

 

Expenses

   $ 35,631     $ 36,942     $ 31,334     (4 )%   18 %

% of Total Revenues

     6 %     7 %     8 %   (1 )pt   (1 )pt

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation costs, professional service fees, allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs, patent litigation costs, and bad debt expense. General and administrative expenses are not allocated to our segments.

 

As a percentage of revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased by 1 percentage point in 2005, as compared to 2004, due to the decrease in absolute dollars as well as the increase in revenues from the prior year. The decrease in spending in absolute dollars in general and administrative expenses in 2005 as compared to 2004 was primarily the result of decreased legal fees associated with litigation, partially offset by increased infrastructure costs. In 2005, the decrease in legal fees accounted for $3.1 million of the decrease, which was partially offset by increases in infrastructure costs of $1.3 million. The remaining changes are related to numerous smaller items.

 

As a percentage of revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased by 1 percentage point in 2004, as compared to 2003, due to the increase in revenues from the prior year. The increase in spending in absolute dollars in general and administrative expenses in 2004 as compared to 2003 was primarily the result of increased legal fees

 

45


associated with litigation, especially the CPI litigation, annual salary increases and accrued bonuses, increased infrastructure costs and outside services, including increased audit fees associated with Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense as a result of improvements in our accounts receivable aging. In 2004, the increase in salary and related costs accounted for $2.1 million of the increase, the increase in legal fees accounted for $1.6 million of the increase, the increase in outside services accounted for $2.2 million of the increase and infrastructure costs accounted for $0.4 million of the increase. These increases were partially offset by decreases of $0.7 million in bad debt expense. The remaining changes are related to numerous smaller items. The acquisition of Voyant did not add significantly to our general and administrative expense.

 

Significant charges due to costs associated with litigation, including our ongoing litigation against Codian, or uncollectability of our receivables would increase our general and administrative expenses and negatively affect our profitability in the quarter they are recorded. Additionally, predicting the timing of bad debt expense associated with uncollectible receivables is difficult. Future general and administrative expense increases or decreases in absolute dollars are difficult to predict due to visibility of costs, including legal costs associated with defending claims against us as well as legal costs associated with asserting and enforcing our intellectual property portfolio and other factors. We believe that our general and administrative expenses will likely continue to increase in absolute dollar amounts in the future primarily as a result of expansion of our administrative staff and other costs related to supporting a larger company, increased costs associated with regulatory requirements and our continued investments in international regions. In addition, general and administrative expenses will increase in 2006 as a result of increased compensation charges due to recording stock compensation expense beginning in the first quarter of 2006, as well as, annual merit increases and incentive accruals.

 

Acquisition-related Costs

 

We recorded charges to operations of $0.4 million in 2005, $1.4 million in 2004 and $0.4 million in 2003 for acquisition-related costs. These charges primarily include outside financial advisory, accounting, legal and consulting fees and other direct merger-related expenses. The charges in 2005 primarily related to professional services costs to integrate DSTMedia, which we acquired in August 2005. The charges in 2004 primarily related to professional services costs to integrate Voyant after the acquisition in January 2004, and to a lesser extent, additional professional service fees related to the ongoing liquidation of international PictureTel legal entities. The charges in 2003 primarily related to professional services costs to integrate and liquidate the international PictureTel and Accord legal entities and to begin the integration of our acquisition of Voyant which closed in January 2004. If we acquire additional businesses in the future, we may incur material acquisition expenses related to these transactions.

 

Purchased In-process Research and Development

 

In 2005 and 2004, we incurred charges totaling $0.3 million and $4.6 million, respectively, for purchased in-process research and development. We did not incur any such charges in 2003. This research and development was acquired in 2005 as part of the DSTMedia acquisition and in 2004 as part of the Voyant acquisition, and was primarily related to development projects for the ReadiVoice series InnoVox 4000 media servers which was completed and commenced shipping in 2005. See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The amounts allocated to purchased in-process research and development were determined by management after considering, among other factors, the results of an independent appraisal based on established valuation techniques in the high-technology communications industry, and were expensed upon acquisition because technological feasibility had not been established and no future alternative uses existed for these in-process research and development projects. The income approach, which includes an analysis of the markets, cash flows and risks associated with achieving such cash flows, was the primary technique utilized in valuing the developed technology and in-process research and development for DSTMedia and Voyant. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the in-process research and development projects were discounted at rates ranging from 22% for DSTMedia and 35% to 40% for Voyant in relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technology feasibility. At December 31, 2005, all significant in process research and development projects had been completed.

 

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Amortization and Impairment of Purchased Intangibles

 

In 2005, 2004 and 2003, we recorded $8.8 million, $20.5 million and $17.6 million, respectively, for amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles acquired in our acquisitions. Purchased intangible assets are being amortized to expense over their estimated useful lives, which range from several months to eight years. In 2005, $1.9 million of the $8.8 million expense related to the impairment of certain intangibles we acquired in the Voyant acquisition. There were no impairment charges in 2004 or 2003. The decrease in absolute dollars in 2005 as compared to 2004 was primarily due to the purchased intangibles related to the PictureTel, Circa and APSI acquisitions becoming fully amortized at December 31, 2004. The increase in absolute dollars in 2004 as compared to 2003 was primarily related to the Voyant acquisition and the resulting $32.2 million recorded for purchased intangibles, which accounted for $6.7 million of the $20.5 million expensed in 2004. Partially offsetting this increase related to Voyant were PictureTel intangibles which became fully amortized during the fourth quarter of 2004.

 

During the fourth quarters of 2005 and 2004, we completed our annual impairment test of purchased intangibles. The assessment of purchased intangibles impairment was conducted by comparing the fair value of the purchased intangible with its carrying amount as of that date. Based on the results of the 2005 impairment test, we determined that certain purchased intangible assets acquired as part of the Voyant acquisition had been impaired as of December 31, 2005 and we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $1.9 million. These assets were written down as a result of a decline in the projected future cash flows from the OCI product line due to its announced discontinuance in the fourth quarter of 2005. This results in a permanent reduction in future amortization expense of approximately $115,000 in the first two quarters of 2006, $265,000 for the third and fourth quarters of 2006, $250,000 per quarter in 2007 and $25,000 per year for 2008 through 2011. Our intangible assets were not impaired as of December 31, 2004. We plan to conduct our annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter of every year, unless impairment indicators exist sooner. At December 31, 2005, the carrying value of our purchased intangibles was $20.3 million.

 

Restructure costs

 

In 2005, we approved a restructuring plan for eliminating or relocating certain positions throughout the Company, but focused on the sales and general and administrative functions. The resulting actions were intended to streamline and focus our efforts and more properly align our cost structure with our projected revenue streams. In accordance with SFAS 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (SFAS 146), we recorded a charge of approximately $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. This charge consisted of severance and other employee termination benefits related to the workforce reductions which comprised less than 1 percent of the Company’s employees worldwide. All obligations related to these charges were paid or released by December 31, 2005. This charge was partially offset by a release of a remaining reserve that was recorded in 2004 related to the restructuring of the Network Systems segment discussed below, resulting in net restructuring charges for the year of $0.6 million.

 

In 2004, we approved a restructuring plan for our Network Systems segment. The resulting actions were intended to improve the overall cost structure of the Network Systems segment by focusing resources on strategic areas of the business, streamlining certain engineering efforts and reducing operating expenses. In accordance with SFAS 146, the Company recorded a charge of approximately $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. This charge consisted primarily of severance and other employee termination benefits related to the workforce reductions which comprised less than 3 percent of the Company’s employees worldwide. All payments related to these actions have been made.

 

In 2003, we approved restructuring actions primarily in connection with the sale of the network access product line to Verilink and in response to the global economic uncertainty and continued downturn in technology spending. These actions were meant to improve our overall cost structure by prioritizing resources in strategic areas of the business and reducing operating expenses. We recorded a restructuring charge of $5.0 million in 2003 as a result of these actions. The charge consisted of severance and other employee termination

 

47


benefits related to a workforce reduction of approximately 12 percent of our employees worldwide. The restructuring charge related to the Communications, Services and Network Systems segments amounted to $0.8 million, $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The balance of the restructuring charge related to operating activities which are separately managed at the corporate level and not allocated to segments. All payments related to these actions have been made.

 

In the future, we may take additional restructuring actions to gain operating efficiencies or reduce our operating expenses, while simultaneously implementing additional cost containment measures and expense control programs. Such restructuring actions are subject to significant risks, including delays in implementing expense control programs or workforce reductions and the failure to meet operational targets due to the loss of employees or a decrease in employee morale, all of which would impair our ability to achieve anticipated cost reductions. If we do not achieve the anticipated cost reductions, our business could be harmed. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Litigation Reserves and Payments

 

In 2005, we released less than $0.1 million of the remaining reserves related to a distributor claim and a tentative settlement of an employment claim that were recorded in the second half of 2004.

 

In 2004, we recorded $21.0 million for litigation reserves and payments of which $20.8 million was related to the settlement of a patent infringement litigation matter whereby we entered into a settlement agreement with Avistar Communications, Inc. (“Avistar”) and Collaboration Properties, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Avistar (“CPI”). Under the terms of the settlement agreement, we paid Avistar a one-time amount of $27.5 million, and CPI agreed to dismiss all claims in the litigation with prejudice. In addition to the Settlement Agreement, we, Avistar and CPI entered into a patent cross-license agreement whereby non-exclusive, fully paid-up, worldwide patent licenses to the respective patent portfolios of each party and its subsidiaries were granted by us and our subsidiaries to Avistar and its subsidiaries, including CPI, and by Avistar and its subsidiaries to us and our subsidiaries. We incurred a one-time charge of $20.8 million in 2004 and recorded $6.7 million as a prepaid license. We expect to amortize this prepaid license through the third quarter of 2013, the expiration date of the patents-in-suit.

 

Interest Income, Net

 

Interest income, net, consists of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and investments less bank charges resulting from the use of our bank accounts and imputed interest expense related to the present value of costs associated with closing facilities as part of the PictureTel acquisition and related integration plan. Imputed interest expense was $0.5 million for 2005, $1.6 million for 2004 and $2.3 million for 2003. Interest income, net of interest expense, was $12.8 million in 2005, $7.3 million in 2004 and $8.5 million in 2003.

 

Interest income increased in 2005 over 2004 due primarily to higher average interest rates, and to a lesser extent, increases in our average cash and investment balances. Average interest rate returns on our cash and investments were 2.80% in 2005, compared to 1.78% in 2004.

 

Interest income decreased in 2004 over 2003 due primarily to decreases in our average cash and investment balances, which was primarily due to cash outlays for the acquisition of Voyant, purchases of our common stock and the litigation settlement in the fourth quarter of 2004, and to a lesser extent lower average interest rates that were a result of monetary policy actions taken by the United States Federal Reserve Board to stimulate economic growth in the United States. Average interest rate returns on our cash and investments were 1.78% in 2004, compared to 2.02% in 2003.

 

Interest income, net could fluctuate for 2006 due to movement in our cash balances and changes in interest rates related to monetary policy actions, if any, taken by the United States Federal Reserve Board. Our cash balance may decrease depending upon our stock purchase activity and other factors.

 

48


Gain (loss) on Strategic Investments

 

For strategic reasons, we have made various investments in private companies. The private company investments are carried at cost and written down to fair market value when indications exist that these investments have other than temporarily declined in value. We review these investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist and make appropriate reductions in carrying value, if necessary. We evaluate a number of factors, including price per share of any recent financing, expected timing of additional financing, liquidation preferences, historical and forecast earnings and cash flows, cash burn rate, and technological feasibility of the investee company’s products to assess whether or not the investment is impaired. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, these investments had a carrying value of $5.9 million and $7.4 million, respectively, and are recorded in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

In 2005 and 2004, we made additional investments in two private companies totaling $0.5 million and $6.5 million, respectively. In 2005 and 2003, our investments were permanently written down $1.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively, from original cost, which is reflected in “Gain (loss) on strategic investments” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There were no amounts permanently written down in 2004. In 2005, a privately held company in which we held an investment with a carrying value of $0.4 million was sold, resulting in a gain of $4.5 million which is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in “Gain (loss) on Strategic Investments”.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

Our overall effective tax rates for 2005, 2004 and 2003 were 35.8%, 29.5%, and 28.0%, respectively, which resulted in a provision for income taxes, including taxes related to discontinued operations, of $34.9 million, $14.8 million, and $8.9 million in 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. The increase in the effective rate in 2005 versus 2004 was related primarily to tax expense associated with the repatriation of foreign subsidiary earnings under the provisions of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, as discussed below, which was partially offset by the decrease in purchased in-process research and development, which is not deductible for tax purposes. The increase in the effective rate in 2004 versus 2003 was primarily the result of a one-time charge for purchased in-process research and development, which is not deductible for tax purposes.

 

As of December 31, 2005, we had approximately $24.8 million in net operating loss carryforwards, $13.3 million in tax credit carryovers and $5.4 million in capital loss carryforwards, as well as other deferred tax assets arising from temporary differences. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act (the “Act”) was signed into law. The Act created a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing a dividends received deduction of 85% for certain dividends, as defined in the Act. During the fourth quarter of 2005, we distributed $137.5 million in cash from our foreign subsidiary and provided associated income tax expense of $7.5 million.

 

Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof, such as the current lapse in the U.S. research and development tax credit.

 

Segment Information

 

A description of our products and services, as well as annual financial data, for each segment can be found in the Business section of this Form 10-K and Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The results discussions below include the results of each of our segments for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003.

 

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Segment contribution margin includes all segment revenues less the related cost of sales, direct marketing and direct engineering expenses. Management allocates corporate manufacturing costs and some infrastructure costs such as facilities and IT costs in determining segment contribution margin. Contribution margin is used, in part, to evaluate the performance of, and to allocate resources to, each of the segments. Certain operating expenses are not allocated to segments because they are separately managed at the corporate level. These unallocated costs include sales costs, marketing costs other than direct marketing, general and administrative costs, such as legal and accounting costs, acquisition-related costs, amortization and impairment of purchased intangible assets, purchased in-process research and development costs, restructuring costs, litigation reserves and payments, interest income, net, gain (loss) on strategic investments, other expense, net, and provision for income taxes.

 

Communications

 

     Year Ended December 31,

   Increase From
Prior Year


$ in thousands


   2005

   2004

   2003

   2005

   2004

Revenue

   $ 417,259    $ 374,589    $ 314,003    11%    19%

Contribution margin

   $ 201,585    $ 179,408    $ 137,505    12%    30%

Contribution margin as % of communications revenues

     48%      48%      44%       4pts

 

Revenues from our Communications segment for 2005 increased 11% over 2004, due primarily to increased sales volumes of our voice and video communications products. Video communications product revenues, which accounted for 3 percentage points of the overall increase, grew from $266.9 million in 2004 to $278.5 million in 2005, increasing $11.6 million or 4% over 2004. The increase in video communications product revenues was due primarily to increased sales volumes of our group video systems, which consisted primarily of our VSX product family. Voice communications product revenues, which accounted for 8 percentage points of the overall increase, grew from $107.7 million in 2004 to $138.8 million in 2005, increasing $31.1 million or 29% over 2004. The increase in voice communications product revenues in 2005 as compared to 2004 was due primarily to increased sales volumes of our Voice-over-IP products and circuit switched products, and to a lesser extent, increases in our installed voice products.

 

Revenues from our Communications segment for 2004 increased 19% over 2003, due primarily to increased sales volumes of our video and voice communications products. Video communications product revenues, which accounted for 9 percentage points of the overall increase, grew from $237.6 million in 2003 to $266.9 million in 2004, increasing $29.3 million or 12% over 2003. The increase in video communications product revenues was due primarily to an increase in sales volumes of our group video systems, primarily our VSX and ViewStation product families, partially offset by a decrease in sales of our iPower and desktop video products. Voice communications product revenues, which accounted for 10 percentage points of the overall increase, grew from $76.4 million in 2003 to $107.7 million in 2004, increasing $31.3 million or 41% over 2004. The increase in voice communications product revenues in 2004 as compared to 2003 was primarily as a result of increases in sales volumes of our Voice-over-IP products and circuit switched products, and to a lesser extent, increases in our installed voice products.

 

International revenues, or revenues outside of Canada and the U.S., accounted for 44%, 45% and 46% of our total Communications segment revenues for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. In 2005, one channel partner accounted for 11% of our total revenues for our Communications segment. No one customer accounted for 10% of our total revenues for our Communications segment in 2004 or 2003.

 

The contribution margin as a percentage of Communications segment revenues was 48% in both 2005 and 2004. Contribution margins remained consistent as gross margins were essentially flat in 2005 as compared to 2004 for both our video and voice communications products and engineering and direct marketing expenses

 

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decreased by less than 1 percentage point as a percent of revenue, although increasing in absolute dollars in 2005 as compared to 2004.

 

The contribution margin as a percentage of Communications segment revenues for 2004 increased to 48% as compared to 44% in 2003. The increase in contribution margin for 2004 as compared to 2003 is primarily due to higher gross margins for both our video and voice communication products and decreases in engineering spending, partially offset by increases in direct marketing spending. Gross margins improved for 2004 as compared to 2003 due to increased revenues and improved product mix.

 

Direct marketing and engineering spending in the Communications segment will fluctuate depending upon the timing of product launches and marketing programs.

 

Network Systems

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase (Decrease)
From Prior
Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2004

    2005

    2004

 

Revenue

   $ 94,203     $ 108,946     $ 67,436     (14 )%   62 %

Contribution margin

   $ 31,391     $ 42,550     $ 27,183     (26 )%   57 %

Contribution margin as % of network systems revenue

     33 %     39 %     40 %   (6 )pts   (1 )pt

 

Revenues from our Network Systems segment for 2005 decreased 14% over 2004 to $94.2 million, due primarily to decreased sales volumes of video network systems and lower revenues from system upgrades. In addition, average selling prices on our video network systems declined slightly on a year over year basis, particularly on the low end products primarily as a result of increased competition. Revenues from our audio networking systems and software were essentially flat year over year.

 

Revenues from our Network Systems segment for 2004 increased 62% over 2003 to $108.9 million, due primarily to sales of audio network systems as a result of our Voyant acquisition and an increase in video network system revenues and, to a lesser extent, increases in video network system upgrade revenues. These increases were partially offset by a shift in product mix toward products with lower average selling prices.

 

International revenues, or revenues outside of Canada and the U.S., accounted for 38%, 38% and 48% of total Network Systems revenues for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The decrease in international Network Systems revenues as a percentage of Network Systems revenues for 2004 as compared to 2003 is due primarily to the concentration of audio network system revenues, which are attributable to the Voyant acquisition, in North America.

 

For 2005 and 2004, no one customer accounted for more than 10% of Network Systems segment product revenues. In 2003, our Network Systems segment had two channel partners that together represented approximately 21% of Network Systems segment product revenues. We believe it is unlikely that the loss of any one channel partner would have a long term material adverse affect on consolidated revenues as we believe end-users would likely purchase our network systems products from a different channel partner. However, a loss of any one of these channel partners could have a material adverse impact during the transition period. In 2004, we began selling our audio network systems, a product line resulting from the Voyant acquisition, directly to end users and the revenues in this segment from end users are subject to more variability than our segment revenues from our reseller customers. The loss of one or more of the audio network system customers in the Network Systems segment could have a material negative impact on our Network Systems segment and consolidated revenues.

 

The decrease in contribution margin as a percentage of Network Systems segment revenues for 2005 as compared to 2004 is due primarily to lower gross margins, and to a lesser extent, increased engineering expenses

 

51


as a percentage of revenues. This was partially offset by lower direct marketing expenses. Gross margins for Network Systems were lower in 2005 versus 2004 primarily due to a decrease in video network system volumes as well as lower average selling prices, particularly on low end products, primarily as a result of increased competition.

 

The increase in contribution margin as a percentage of Network Systems segment revenues for 2004 as compared to 2003 is due primarily to increased revenues and gross margins, partially offset by increased engineering expenses associated with audio network systems headcount and development spending as a result of the Voyant acquisition. Gross margins for Network Systems were higher in 2004 versus 2003 primarily due to an increase in video network system upgrades, which were partially offset by decreases in gross margins as a result of an increase in volume but a mix shift to lower margin systems and lower gross margins on audio network system products.

 

Services

 

     Year Ended December 31,

    Increase From Prior
Year


 

$ in thousands


   2005

    2004

    2003

        2005    

        2004    

 

Revenue

   $ 69,197     $ 56,717     $ 38,984     22 %   45 %

Contribution margin

   $ 23,872     $ 15,061     $ 7,539     59 %   100 %

Contribution margin as % of service revenue

     34 %     27 %     19 %   7 pts   8 pts

 

Revenues from our Services segment for 2005 increased 22% over 2004 to $69.2 million, due primarily to an increase in video maintenance services as a result of amortization of deferred revenue associated with the first year of service on our VSX product line, and increased video network systems services, and to a lesser extent, increases in audio network systems maintenance services. These increases were partially offset by decreases in iPower-related services.

 

Revenues from our Services segment for 2004 increased 45% over 2003 to $56.7 million, due primarily to an increase in audio network systems services as a result of our Voyant acquisition, and to a lesser extent, increases in video network systems maintenance services. These increases were partially offset by decreases in iPower-related services.

 

International revenues, or revenues outside of Canada and the U.S., accounted for 31%, 30% and 35% of total Service revenues for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. International revenues increased slightly in 2005 as compared to 2004 primarily as a result of increased service revenues associated with our video communications and network systems products. The decrease in international Services revenues as a percentage of Services revenues for 2004 as compared to 2003 is due primarily to the concentration of audio network systems service revenues, which are attributable to the Voyant acquisition, in North America. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues for our Services segment for 2005, 2004 or 2003.

 

Overall, the increase in the Services segment contribution margin in 2005 versus 2004 is due primarily to increased gross margins more than offsetting increases in operating expenses. Service gross margins increased for 2005 as compared to 2004 as a result of revenue increasing at a faster pace than related service costs and higher margins on network systems audio services. Service gross margins in 2005 were also favorably impacted by the amortization of deferred revenue associated with the first year of service on our VSX and V500 products that was included in the product price and amortized over the twelve month period following shipment. This impact was due to increased volumes of these products in 2005 as compared to 2004.

 

Overall, the increase in the Services segment contribution margin in 2004 versus 2003 is due primarily to increased gross margins more than offsetting increases in operating expenses. Service gross margins increased

 

52


for 2004 as compared to 2003 as a result of revenue increasing at a faster pace than related service costs and higher margins on network systems audio services as a result of the Voyant acquisition. Service gross margins in 2004 were also favorably impacted by the amortization of deferred revenue associated with the first year of service on our VSX and V500 products that was included in the product price and amortized over the twelve month period following shipment. This impact was due to increased volumes of these products in 2004 as compared to 2003, as 2004 represented the first full year of these services being included.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of December 31, 2005, our principal sources of liquidity included cash and cash equivalents of $189.3 million, short-term investments of $88.2 million and long-term investments of $182.9 million. Substantially all of our short-term and long-term investments are comprised of U.S. government securities, state and local government securities and corporate debt securities. See Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, we have a $25.0 million line of credit with a bank which was unused at December 31, 2005; however, we do have outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $1.3 million, of which $1.2 million are secured by this line of credit.

 

We generated cash from operating activities totaling $117.4 million in 2005, $79.6 million, net of a $27.5 million litigation settlement, in 2004, and $100.8 million in 2003. The increase in cash provided from operating activities in 2005 over 2004 was due primarily to increased net income and non-cash expenses, larger decreases in deferred taxes, larger increases in taxes payable and other accrued liabilities, smaller increases in accounts receivable and decreases in prepaids and other current assets, which were partially offset by smaller increases in accounts payable and increases in inventories. The decrease in cash provided from operating activities in 2004 over 2003 was due primarily to increases in accounts receivable, smaller decreases in inventories and deferred taxes, and smaller increases in taxes payable and other accrued liabilities, which were partially offset by increased net income and non-cash expenses, smaller increases in prepaids and other current assets and larger increases in accounts payable.

 

The total net change in cash and cash equivalents for the year ended 2005 was an increase of $92.9 million. The primary uses of cash during this period were $184.0 million for purchases of our common stock, $16.8 million for purchases of property and equipment and $8.6 million for the acquisition of DSTMedia. The primary sources of cash were $172.9 million in proceeds from sales and maturities of investments, net of purchases, $117.4 million from operating activities, $11.5 million associated with the exercise of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan, and $0.6 million from proceeds from sale of discontinued operations. The positive cash from operating activities was primarily the result of net income, adjusted for non-cash expenses (such as depreciation, amortization, the provision for doubtful accounts, inventory write-downs for excess and obsolescence, gain from sale of discontinued operations, amortization of unearned stock-based compensation, loss on strategic investments, the purchase of in-process research and development and the tax benefits from the exercise of employee stock options), reductions in deferred taxes and prepaid expenses and other current assets and net increases in accounts payable, taxes payable and other accrued liabilities. Offsetting the positive effect of these items were net increases in trade receivables and inventories. Our days sales outstanding, or DSO, metric was 40 days at December 31, 2005 as compared to 39 days at December 31, 2004. This increase in DSO was due primarily to the increase in trade receivables resulting from co-op marketing reserves being recorded in other accrued liabilities instead of trade receivables in 2005 and longer payment terms for service providers and government entities from 30 to 45 and 60 days, respectively. The increase in DSO as a result of the co-op marketing change did not have an effect on our net income or cash flows. We expect that DSO will remain at these higher levels as compared to 2004 but could also increase as a result of fluctuations in revenue linearity and increases in receivables from service providers and government entities. Inventory turns decreased from 7.7 turns at December 31, 2004 to 5.3 turns at December 31, 2005. The reduction in turns primarily reflects increased inventory levels to support shortened lead times and increased product mix. We believe inventory turns will continue to fluctuate depending on our ability to reduce lead times, as well as, changes in product mix and a greater mix of ocean freight versus air freight to reduce freight costs. Additionally, payments we make for income taxes may increase in 2006 as our available net operating losses are depleted.

 

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As part of the DSTMedia acquisition, DSTMedia shareholders may receive up to an additional $20.0 million of consideration through 2008, payable in cash, based on the achievement of certain financial milestones relating to the operating results of DSTMedia. DSTMedia’s results of operations have been included in our results of operations since August 25, 2005.

 

From time to time, the Board of Directors has approved plans to purchase shares of our common stock in the open market. During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we purchased approximately 11.4 million, 2.8 million and 0.8 million shares, respectively, of our common stock in the open market for cash of $184.0 million, $52.5 million and $6.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2005, we were authorized to purchase up to an additional $119.4 million under the 2005 share repurchase plan.

 

At December 31, 2005, we had open purchase orders related to our contract manufacturers and other contractual obligations of approximately $59.1 million primarily related to inventory purchases. We also currently have commitments that consist of obligations under our operating leases. In the event that we decide to cease using a facility and seek to sublease such facility or terminate a lease obligation through a lease buyout or other means, we may incur a material cash outflow at the time of such transaction, which will negatively impact our operating results and overall cash flows. In addition, if facilities rental rates decrease or if it takes longer than expected to sublease these facilities, we could incur a significant further charge to operations and our operating and overall cash flows could be negatively impacted in the period that these changes or events occur.

 

These purchase commitments and lease obligations are reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements once goods or services have been received or at such time when we are obligated to make payments related to these goods, services or leases. In addition, our bank has issued letters of credit to secure the leases on some of our offices. These letters of credit total approximately $1.3 million and are secured by our credit facilities or cash deposits with our banks.

 

The table set forth below shows, as of December 31, 2005, the future minimum lease payments, net of estimated sublease income of $1.5 million through June 2007, due under our current lease obligations. For example, we lease an approximately 152,000 square foot building which is fully subleased to a third party for a term that is concurrent with the term of our lease obligation. As a result we are not currently showing a lease obligation related to this facility. If this sublease were to be terminated, or if the tenant defaulted on payment, we would incur additional lease payments that would negatively impact our operating results and overall cash flows. In addition to these minimum lease payments, we are contractually obligated under the majority of our operating leases to pay certain operating expenses during the term of the lease such as maintenance, taxes and insurance. Our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2005 are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Gross
Minimum
Lease
Payments


   Estimated
Sublease
Receipts


    Net Minimum
Lease
Payments


   Projected
Annual
Operating
Costs


   Other
Long -
Term
Liabilities


   Purchase
Commitments


Year ending December 31,

                                          

2006

   $ 13,732    $ (1,054 )   $ 12,678    $ 4,320    $ —      $ 57,721

2007

     9,516      (403 )     9,113      3,051      2,578      997

2008

     6,069      —         6,069      1,530      363      359

2009

     5,558      —         5,558      1,399      21      —  

2010

     5,404      —         5,404      1,288      145      —  

Thereafter

     10,626      —         10,626      2,449      7,012      —  
    

  


 

  

  

  

Total payments

   $ 50,905    $ (1,457 )   $ 49,448    $ 14,037    $ 10,119    $ 59,077
    

  


 

  

  

  

 

We believe that our available cash, cash equivalents, investments and bank line of credit will be sufficient to meet our operating expenses and capital requirements for the foreseeable future. However, we may require or desire additional funds to support our operating expenses and capital requirements or for other purposes, such as

 

54


acquisitions, and may seek to raise such additional funds through public or private equity financing or from other sources. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available at all or that, if available, such financing will be obtainable on terms favorable to us and would not be dilutive.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

As of December 31, 2005, we did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We review the accounting policies used in reporting our financial results on a regular basis. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our process used to develop estimates, including those related to product returns, accounts receivable, inventories, investments, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations, restructuring, contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates due to actual outcomes being different from those on which we based our assumptions. These estimates and judgments are reviewed by management on an ongoing basis and by the Audit Committee at the end of each quarter prior to the public release of our financial results. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 1 to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for discussion of our accounting policies.

 

Revenue Recognition and Product Returns

 

We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title has transferred, product payment is not contingent upon performance of installation or service obligations, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product or service is specified by the customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Additionally, we recognize extended service revenue on our hardware and software products as the service is performed, generally one to five years.

 

Our video communications and network systems products are integrated with software that is essential to the functionality of the equipment. Additionally, we provide unspecified software upgrades and enhancements related to most of these products through our maintenance contracts. Accordingly, we account for revenue for these products in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and all related interpretations.

 

We use the residual method to recognize revenue when an agreement includes one or more elements to be delivered at a future date. If there is an undelivered element under the arrangement, we defer revenue based on vendor-specific objective evidence of the fair value of the undelivered element, as determined by the price charged when the element is sold separately. If vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value does not exist for all undelivered elements, we defer all revenue until sufficient evidence exists or all elements have been delivered.

 

We accrue for sales returns and other allowances as a reduction to revenues upon shipment based upon our contractual obligations and historical experience.

 

55


Channel Partner Programs and Incentives

 

We record estimated reductions to revenues for channel partner programs and incentive offerings including special pricing agreements, promotions and other volume-based incentives. If market conditions were to decline or competition were to increase further, we may take future actions to increase channel partner incentive offerings, possibly resulting in an incremental reduction of revenues at the time the incentive is offered. Co-op marketing funds are accounted for in accordance with EITF Issue No. 01-9, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer or a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products”. Under these guidelines, we accrue for co-op marketing funds as a marketing expense if we receive an identifiable benefit in exchange and can reasonably estimate the fair value of the identifiable benefit received; otherwise, it is recorded as a reduction to revenues.

 

Warranty

 

We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Our warranty obligation is affected by estimated product failure rates, material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from our estimates, revision of the estimated warranty liability would be required.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of the Company’s customers to make required payments. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly by assessing individual accounts receivable over a specific aging and amount, and all other balances on a pooled basis based on historical collection experience. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. Delinquent account balances are written-off after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.

 

Excess and Obsolete Inventory

 

We record write downs for excess and obsolete inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated fair value based upon assumptions about future product life-cycles, product demand and market conditions. If actual product life cycles, product demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. At the point of the loss recognition, a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis.

 

Deferred and Refundable Taxes

 

We estimate our actual current tax exposure together with our temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance against these tax assets. Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance in a period, we must include and expense the allowance within the tax provision in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. As of December 31, 2005, we have $48.5 million in net deferred tax assets. In order to fully utilize these deferred tax assets we need to generate sufficient amounts of future U.S. taxable income. We believe based upon our financial projections that it is more likely than not that we will generate sufficient future taxable income to utilize these assets and therefore, as of December 31, 2005, we have not established a valuation allowance against these assets.

 

56


Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in Purchase Combinations

 

The purchase combinations completed require us to identify and estimate the fair value of the assets acquired, including intangible assets other than goodwill, and liabilities assumed in the combinations. These estimates of fair value are based on our business plan for the entities acquired including planned redundancies, restructuring, use of assets acquired and assumptions as to the ultimate resolution of obligations assumed for which no future benefit will be received. For example, in the PictureTel acquisition, we identified vacated or redundant facilities that we intended to sublease or for which we intended to negotiate a lease termination settlement. The allocation period for all material acquisitions, as defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 38, “Accounting for Preacquisition Contingencies of Purchased Enterprises”, has been completed. Therefore, if actual costs, other than the payment of certain earn-outs, exceed our estimates, these charges would be recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. If actual costs are less than our estimates, these charges would continue to be recognized as an adjustment to goodwill.

 

Goodwill and Purchased Intangibles

 

We assess the impairment of goodwill and other identifiable intangibles annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Some factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:

 

    significant underperformance relative to projected future operating results;

 

    significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business; and

 

    significant negative industry or economic trends.

 

If we determine that the carrying value of goodwill and other identified intangibles may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we would typically measure any impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by us to be commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model.

 

In the fourth quarters of 2005 and 2004, we completed our annual goodwill and purchased intangibles impairment tests. The assessment of goodwill impairment was conducted by determining and comparing the fair value of our reporting units, as defined in SFAS 142, to the reporting unit’s carrying value as of that date. Based on the results of these impairment tests, we determined that our goodwill assets were not impaired as of December 31, 2005 or 2004. The assessment of purchased intangibles impairment was conducted by first estimating the undiscounted expected future cash flows to be generated from the use and eventual disposition of the purchased intangibles and comparing this amount with the carrying value of these assets. If the undiscounted cash flows were less than the carrying amounts, impairment existed, and future cash flows were discounted and compared to the carrying amounts of the purchased intangibles to determine the amount of the impairment. Based on the results of the 2005 impairment test, we determined that certain purchased intangible assets acquired as part of the Voyant acquisition had been impaired as of December 31, 2005 and we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $1.9 million. Our intangible assets were not impaired as of December 31, 2004. We plan to conduct our annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter of every year, unless impairment indicators exist sooner. Screening for and assessing whether impairment indicators exist or if events or changes in circumstances have occurred, including market conditions, operating fundamentals, competition and general economic conditions, requires significant judgment. Additionally, changes in the high-technology industry occur frequently and quickly. Therefore, there can be no assurance that a charge to operations will not occur as a result of future goodwill and purchased intangible impairment tests.

 

Non-marketable Securities

 

We periodically make strategic investments in companies whose stock is not currently traded on any stock exchange and for which no quoted price exists. The cost method of accounting is used to account for these

 

57


investments as we hold a non-material ownership percentage. We review these investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Examples of events or changes in circumstances that may indicate to us that an impairment exists may be a significant decrease in the market value of the company, poor or deteriorating market conditions in the public and private equity capital markets, significant adverse changes in legal factors or within the business climate the company operates, and current period operating or cash flow losses combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or projections and forecasts that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the company’s future business plans. Impairment indicators identified during the reporting period could result in a significant write down in the carrying value of the investment if we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary. These investments had a carrying value of $5.9 million as of December 31, 2005, and were permanently written down by $1.6 million in 2005 and $0.5 million in 2003, which is reflected in “Loss on strategic investments” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There were no amounts permanently written down in 2004.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. For derivative instruments designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. For a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately. For derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings in the period of change. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. We enter into derivatives only with counterparties that are among the largest U.S. banks, ranked by assets, in order to minimize our credit risk.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 151, “Inventory Costs—an amendment of ARB No. 43” (“SFAS 151”), which is the result of its efforts to converge U.S. accounting standards for inventories with International Accounting Standards. SFAS No. 151 requires abnormal amounts of idle facility expenses, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage) costs to be recognized as current-period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal” as stated in ARB No. 43. It also requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 will be effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We do not anticipate that the implementation of this standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004) “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based compensation payments and supersedes the current accounting under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”). SFAS No. 123R is effective for all annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005 and addresses all forms of share-based payment (“SBP”) awards, including shares issued under certain employee stock purchase plans, stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”) relating to the adoption of SFAS 123R.

 

We adopted SFAS No. 123R in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and will continue to evaluate the impact of SFAS No. 123R on our operating results and financial condition. The pro forma information in Note 1 of our Consolidated Financial Statements presents the estimated compensation charges under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” As a result of the provisions of

 

58


SFAS 123R and SAB 107, we expect the compensation charges under SFAS 123R to reduce net income by approximately $15 to $20 million for fiscal 2006. However, our assessment of the estimated compensation charges is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables and the related tax impact. These variables include, but are not limited to, the volatility of our stock price and employee stock option exercise behaviors. We will recognize compensation cost for stock-based awards issued after December 31, 2005 on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

 

In June 2005, the FASB issued FSP No FAS 143-1, Accounting for Electronic Equipment Waste Obligations (“FSP 143-1”). FSP 143-1 provides guidance in accounting for obligations associated with Directive 2002/96/EC (the “Directive”) on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment adopted by the European Union. FAS 143-1 is required to be applied to the later of the first reporting period ending after June 6, 2005 or the date of the Directive’s adoption into law by the applicable EU member countries in which the Company has significant operations. The Directive distinguishes between “new” and “historical” waste. New waste relates to products put on the market after August 13, 2005. FSP 143-1 directs commercial users to apply the provisions of FASB Statement No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, and the related FASB Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, for the measurement and recognition of the liability and asset retirement obligation associated with the historical waste management requirements of the Directive. Additionally, FSP 143-1 provides guidance for the accounting by producers for the financing of the obligations of historical waste held by private households.

 

We adopted FAS 143-1 in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and concluded that no significant liability had been incurred as of December 31, 2005. We are continuing to analyze the impact of the Directive, and FSP 143-1, on our financial position and results of operations as additional EU member countries adopt the Directive. Separate from the requirements of FSP 143-1, we believe that the internal cost of compliance with the Directive, and the liability associated with new waste obligations, which according to the Directive is to be borne solely by the producers of the new equipment, was not significant for the year ended December 31, 2005, but could be significant in the future.

 

In November 2005, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments” (“FSP 115-1 and 124-1”), which clarifies when an investment is considered impaired, whether the impairment is other than temporary, and the measurement of an impairment loss. It also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as other-than-temporary impairments. FSP 115-1 and 124-1 are effective for all reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. At December 31, 2005, none of our unrealized investment losses were recognized as other-than-temporary impairments in our available-for-sale securities. We do not believe FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1 will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio and bank borrowings. The investment portfolio primarily includes highly liquid, high-quality instruments. Some investments in the portfolio may contain an embedded derivative, and interest rate hedges may be placed if they are tied to a specific investment or group of investments in accordance with our Investment Policy; however, they are generally not significant. We may occasionally use forward contracts as a hedge against currency exchange rate fluctuations, which may affect the value of trade receivables billed in currencies other than the United States dollar. As of December 31, 2005, we have no open foreign currency hedging contracts.

 

The estimated fair value of our cash and cash equivalents approximates the principal amounts reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the short maturities of these financial instruments. Short-term and

 

59


long-term investments consist of U.S., state and municipal government obligations and foreign and domestic public corporate debt securities. If we sell our short-term or long-term investments prior to their maturity, we may incur a charge to operations in the period the sale took place.

 

The following tables present the hypothetical changes in fair values in the securities, excluding cash and cash equivalents, held at December 31, 2005 that are sensitive to changes in interest rates. The modeling technique used measures the change in fair values arising from hypothetical parallel shifts in the yield curve of plus or minus 50 basis points (BPS) and 100 BPS over six and twelve-month time horizons.

 

The following table estimates the fair value of the portfolio at a twelve-month time horizon (in thousands):

 

Issuer


   Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Decrease of X Basis Points


  

Current Fair

Market Value


   Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Increase of X Basis Points


         100 BPS    

       50 BPS    

          50 BPS    

       100 BPS    

U.S. Government Securities

   $ 129,706    $ 129,499    $ 129,293    $ 129,086    $ 128,879

State and local governments

     19,833      19,801      19,770      19,739      19,707

Corporate debt securities

     122,460      122,265      122,070      121,875      121,680
    

  

  

  

  

Total

   $ 271,999    $ 271,565    $ 271,133    $ 270,700    $ 270,266
    

  

  

  

  

 

The following table estimates the fair value of the portfolio at a six-month time horizon (in thousands):

 

     Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Decrease of X Basis Points


   Current Fair
Market Value


   Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Increase of X Basis Points


Issuer


       100 BPS    

       50 BPS    

          50 BPS    

       100 BPS    

U.S. Government Securities

   $ 129,499    $ 129,396    $ 129,293    $ 129,189    $ 129,086

State and local governments

     19,801      19,786      19,770      19,754      19,739

Corporate debt securities

     122,265      122,167      122,070      121,972      121,875
    

  

  

  

  

Total

   $ 271,565    $ 271,349    $ 271,133    $ 270,915    $ 270,700
    

  

  

  

  

 

Until January 2006, a substantial majority of our sales were denominated in U.S. dollars. Effective January 1, 2006, we commenced selling our products and services in our European and United Kingdom regions in Euros and British Pounds, which has increased our foreign currency exchange rate fluctuation risk. Based on our overall currency rate exposure at December 31, 2005, a near-term 10% appreciation or depreciation in the U.S. Dollar, relative to our foreign local currencies, would have an immaterial effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We may also decide to expand the type of products we sell in foreign currencies or may, for specific customer situations, choose to sell in foreign currencies in our other regions, thereby further increasing our foreign exchange risk. While we do not hedge for speculative purposes, in the event that a significant transaction were due in a foreign currency, we might enter into a foreign currency forward exchange contract for hedging purposes. As our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations increases, we may begin a hedging program.

 

There were no forward contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2005 or 2004.

 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

The financial statements required by Item 8 and the financial statement schedules required by Item 15(a)(2) are included in pages F-1 to F-40 and S-2, respectively. The supplemental data called for by Item 8 is presented on page S-1.

 

60


ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

 

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to Polycom’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management. Our disclosure controls and procedures include components of our internal control over financial reporting. Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting is expressed at the level of reasonable assurance because a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met.

 

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

 

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

See “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” on page F-2.

 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Not applicable.

 

61


PART III

 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The information regarding our directors required by this item is included under the caption “Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 10 by this reference. The information regarding our current executive officers found under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant” in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is also incorporated by reference in this Item 10. The information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is included under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 10 by this reference. The information regarding our code of ethics that applies to all employees including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer is included under the caption “Election of Directors—Corporate Governance Matters” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 10 by this reference.

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Management—Executive Officer Compensation” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 11 by this reference.

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Management—Ownership of Securities” and “Management—Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 12 by this reference.

 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Management—Employment Contracts, Change of Control Arrangements and Certain Transactions” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 13 by this reference.

 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

 

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Principal Accounting Fees and Services” in the Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated in this Item 14 by this reference.

 

62


PART IV

 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

  (a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report:

 

1. Financial Statements (see Item 8 above).

 

Polycom, Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005.

 

2. Financial Statement Schedule (see Item 8 above). The following Financial Statement Schedule is filed as part of this Report:

 

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.

 

Schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

3. Exhibits. See Item 15(b) below.

 

  (b) Exhibits

 

We have filed, or incorporated by reference into this Report, the exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits immediately following the signature page of this Form 10-K.

 

  (c) Financial Statement Schedules.

 

See Items 8 and 15(a)(2) above.

 

63


SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

POLYCOM, INC.

/s/    ROBERT C. HAGERTY          
Robert C. Hagerty

Chairman of the Board of Directors,

Chief Executive Officer and President

 

Date: March 10, 2006

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS:

 

That the undersigned officers and directors of Polycom, Inc., a Delaware corporation, do hereby constitute and appoint Robert C. Hagerty and Michael R. Kourey, or either of them, the lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact or his substitute or substitutes may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has executed this Power of Attorney as of the date indicated.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/    ROBERT C. HAGERTY          


Robert C. Hagerty

   Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer)   March 10, 2006

/s/    MICHAEL R. KOUREY          


Michael R. Kourey

   Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer and Director (Principal Financial Officer)   March 10, 2006

/s/    LAURA J. DURR          


Laura J. Durr

   Vice President, Worldwide Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)   March 10, 2006

/s/    BETSY S. ATKINS          


Betsy S. Atkins

   Director   March 10, 2006

/s/    JOHN SEELY BROWN          


John Seely Brown

   Director   March 10, 2006

/s/    DAVID G. DEWALT          


David G. DeWalt

   Director   March 10, 2006

 

64


Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/    DURK I. JAGER          


Durk I. Jager

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

/s/    JOHN A. KELLEY          


John A. Kelley

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

/s/    STANLEY J. MERESMAN          


Stanley J. Meresman

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

/s/    WILLIAM A. OWENS          


William A. Owens

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

/s/    KEVIN T. PARKER          


Kevin T. Parker

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

/s/    THOMAS G. STEMBERG          


Thomas G. Stemberg

  

Director

  March 10, 2006

 

65


POLYCOM, INC.

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

   F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-3

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Operations

   F-6

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

   F-7

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   F-8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-9

Supplementary Financial Data (unaudited)

   S-1

Financial Statement Schedule—Schedule II

   S-2

 

F-1


MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

 

Management of our Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

    pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our Company;

 

    provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of our Company; and

 

    provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may change over time.

 

Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

 

Based on our assessment of internal controls over financial reporting, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2005 our internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Our assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears on page F-3.

 

/s/    ROBERT C. HAGERTY               /s/    MICHAEL R. KOUREY        
Robert C. Hagerty
President and Chief Executive Officer
      Michael R. Kourey
Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration and
Chief Financial Officer

March 8, 2006

     

March 8, 2006

 

F-2


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Polycom, Inc.:

 

We have completed integrated audits of Polycom, Inc.’s 2005 and 2004 consolidated financial statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 and an audit of its 2003 consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our opinions, based on our audits, are presented below.

 

Consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing on page F-1 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Polycom, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15 (a) (2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

Internal control over financial reporting

 

Also, in our opinion, management’s assessment, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing on page F-2, that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on management’s assessment and on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable

 

F-3


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Continued

 

assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

/s/    PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP

 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

San Jose, California

March 8, 2006

 

F-4


POLYCOM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 

ASSETS

                

Current assets

                

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 189,271     $ 96,331  

Short-term investments

     88,191       118,009  

Trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,208 and $2,330 in 2005 and 2004, respectively

     69,419       62,535  

Inventories

     45,782       27,804  

Deferred taxes

     31,407       20,879  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     13,668       19,898  
    


 


Total current assets

     437,738       345,456  

Property and equipment, net

     35,293       37,544  

Long-term investments

     182,942       320,907  

Goodwill

     359,071       352,572  

Purchased intangibles, net

     20,332       26,915  

Deferred taxes

     17,070       49,060  

Other assets

     18,954       22,187  
    


 


Total assets

   $ 1,071,400     $ 1,154,641  
    


 


LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                

Current liabilities

                

Accounts payable

   $ 46,882     $ 45,682  

Accrued payroll and related liabilities

     13,092       18,852  

Taxes payable

     60,784       52,665  

Deferred revenue

     37,908       26,889  

Other accrued liabilities

     32,832       30,065  
    


 


Total current liabilities

     191,498       174,153  

Long-term deferred revenue

     12,915       5,238  

Other long-term liabilities

     10,118       10,636  
    


 


Total liabilities

     214,531       190,027  
    


 


Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

                

Stockholders’ equity

                

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:

                

Authorized: 5,000,000 shares in 2005 and 2004
Issued and outstanding: one share in 2005 and 2004

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.0005 par value:

                

Authorized: 175,000,000 shares
Issued and outstanding: 88,755,371 shares in 2005 and 99,116,324 shares in 2004

     43       50  

Additional paid-in capital

     826,262       904,155  

Cumulative other comprehensive loss

     (1,308 )     (1,884 )

Unearned stock-based compensation

     —         (35 )

Retained earnings

     31,872       62,328  
    


 


Total stockholders’ equity

     856,869       964,614  
    


 


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 1,071,400     $ 1,154,641  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


POLYCOM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Revenues

                        

Product revenues

   $ 511,462     $ 483,535     $ 381,439  

Service revenues

     69,197       56,717       38,984  
    


 


 


Total revenues

     580,659       540,252       420,423  
    


 


 


Cost of revenues

                        

Cost of product revenues

     179,837       161,619       137,685  

Cost of service revenues

     39,680       37,092       27,892  
    


 


 


Total cost of revenues

     219,517       198,711       165,577  
    


 


 


Gross profit

     361,142       341,541       254,846  
    


 


 


Operating expenses

                        

Sales and marketing

     142,719       120,699       101,884  

Research and development

     91,479       92,076       72,638  

General and administrative

     35,631       36,942       31,334  

Acquisition-related costs

     351       1,394       386  

Purchased in-process research and development

     300       4,600       —    

Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles

     8,790       20,521       17,591  

Restructure costs

     633       1,387       5,029  

Litigation reserves and payments

     (93 )     20,951       —    
    


 


 


Total operating expenses

     279,810       298,570       228,862  
    


 


 


Operating income

     81,332       42,971       25,984  

Interest income, net

     12,848       7,279       8,451  

Gain (loss) on strategic investments

     2,908       (12 )     (737 )

Other expense, net

     (5 )     (1,330 )     (1,774 )
    


 


 


Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

     97,083       48,908       31,924  

Provision for income taxes

     34,722       14,332       8,958  
    


 


 


Income from continuing operations

     62,361       34,576       22,966  

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes

     —         296       (695 )

Gain from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

     384       477       552  
    


 


 


Net income

   $ 62,745     $ 35,349     $ 22,823  
    


 


 


Basic net income per share

                        

Income per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.66     $ 0.36     $ 0.23  

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations, net of taxes

     —         —         (0.01 )

Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

     —         —         0.01  
    


 


 


Basic net income per share

   $ 0.66     $ 0.36     $ 0.23  
    


 


 


Diluted net income per share

                        

Income per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.65     $ 0.35     $ 0.23  

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations, net of taxes

     —         —         (0.01 )

Gain per share from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

     —         —         0.01  
    


 


 


Diluted net income per share

   $ 0.65     $ 0.35     $ 0.23  
    


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding for basic net income per share

     95,691       99,334       99,244  

Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted net income per share

     97,014       102,018       100,752  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


POLYCOM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

 

    Common Stock

    Additional
Paid-In
Capital


    Unearned
Stock-based
Compensation


    Cumulative
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)


    Retained
Earnings


    Total

 
    Shares

    Amount

           

Balances, December 31, 2002

  98,987,386     $ 50     $ 866,044     $ (573 )   $ 2,152     $ 36,070     $ 903,743  

Comprehensive income:

                                                     

Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) realized in net income

  —         —         —         —         118       —         118  

Change in unrealized gain on marketable securities

  —         —         —         —         (2,046 )     —         (2,046 )

Net income

  —         —         —         —         —         22,823       22,823  
                                                 


Total comprehensive income

                                                  20,895  
                                                 


Issuance of stock for purchase acquisitions

  50,778       —         —         —         —         —         —    

Exercise of stock options under stock option plan

  795,015       —         6,530       —         —         —         6,530  

Shares purchased under employee stock purchase plan

  271,524       —         2,885       —         —         —         2,885  

Purchase and retirement of common stock at cost

  (755,000 )     —         (5,893 )     —         —         (1,022 )     (6,915 )

Reversal of unearned stock-based compensation upon termination of employment

  —         —         (4 )     4       —         —         —    

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  —         —         —         320       —         —         320  

Tax benefit from stock option activity

  —         —         1,821       —         —         —         1,821  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


Balances, December 31, 2003

  99,349,703     $ 50     $ 871,383     $ (249 )   $ 224     $ 57,871     $ 929,279  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


Comprehensive income:

                                                     

Change in unrealized gain on marketable securities

  —         —         —         —         (2,108 )     —         (2,108 )

Net income

  —         —         —         —         —         35,349       35,349  
                                                 


Total comprehensive income

                                                  33,241  
                                                 


Exchange of stock options for purchase acquisition

  —         —         14,079       —         —         —         14,079  

Exercise of stock options under stock option plan

  2,239,081       —         28,604       —         —         —         28,604  

Shares purchased under employee stock purchase plan

  291,040       —         5,212       —         —         —         5,212  

Purchase and retirement of common stock at cost

  (2,763,500 )     —         (21,653 )     —         —         (30,892 )     (52,545 )

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  —         —         —         214       —         —         214  

Tax benefit from stock option activity

  —         —         6,530       —         —         —         6,530  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


Balances, December 31, 2004

  99,116,324     $ 50     $ 904,155     $ (35 )   $ (1,884 )   $ 62,328     $ 964,614  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


Comprehensive income:

                                                     

Change in unrealized loss on marketable securities

  —         —         —         —         539       —         539  

Changes in cumulative translation adjustment

  —         —         —         —         37       —         37  

Net income

  —         —         —         —         —         62,745       62,745  
                                                 


Total comprehensive income

                                                  63,321  
                                                 


Exercise of stock options under stock option plan

  606,538       —         5,520       —         —         —         5,520  

Shares purchased under employee stock purchase plan

  412,509       —         5,938       —         —         —         5,938  

Purchase and retirement of common stock at cost

  (11,380,000 )     (7 )     (90,759 )     —         —         (93,201 )     (183,967 )

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  —         —         —         35       —         —         35  

Tax benefit from stock option activity

  —         —         1,408       —         —         —         1,408  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


Balances, December 31, 2005

  88,755,371     $ 43     $ 826,262     $ —       $ (1,308 )   $ 31,872     $ 856,869  
   

 


 


 


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


POLYCOM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

                        

Net income

   $ 62,745     $ 35,349     $ 22,823  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

                        

Gain from sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

     (384 )     (477 )     (552 )

Depreciation and amortization

     20,720       19,971       15,263  

Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles

     8,790       20,521       17,591  

Provision for (benefit from) doubtful accounts

     —         (210 )     521  

Provision for (benefit from) excess and obsolete inventories

     (731 )     (202 )     1,805  

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

     1,408       6,530       1,821  

(Gain) loss on strategic investments

     (2,908 )     12       737  

Amortization of unearned stock-based compensation

     35       214       320  

Purchase of in-process research and development

     300       4,600       —    

Loss on asset dispositions

     367       513       —    

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of the effect of acquisitions:

                        

Trade receivables

     (6,447 )     (17,297 )     22,113  

Inventories

     (16,290 )     614       8,440  

Deferred taxes

     20,916       423       1,281  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     6,341       (2,837 )     (4,389 )

Accounts payable

     209       8,324       6,546  

Taxes payable

     7,899       2,257       4,763  

Other accrued liabilities

     14,414       1,272       1,724  
    


 


 


Net cash provided by operating activities

     117,384       79,577       100,807  
    


 


 


Cash flows from investing activities:

                        

Purchases of property and equipment

     (16,758 )     (19,285 )     (14,819 )

Purchase of license

     —         —         (3,528 )

Purchases of investments

     (458,806 )     (561,755 )     (684,406 )

Proceeds from sale and maturity of investments

     631,673       556,453       676,843  

Proceeds received from sale of discontinued operations

     604       751       1,396  

Purchase of convertible note receivable

     —         —         (522 )

Net cash paid in purchase acquisitions

     (8,648 )     (94,993 )     —    
    


 


 


Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     148,065       (118,829 )     (25,036 )
    


 


 


Cash flows from financing activities:

                        

Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee option and stock purchase plans

     11,458       33,816       9,415  

Purchase and retirement of common stock

     (183,967 )     (52,545 )     (6,915 )
    


 


 


Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     (172,509 )     (18,729 )     2,500  
    


 


 


Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     92,940       (57,981 )     78,271  

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

     96,331       154,312       76,041  
    


 


 


Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

   $ 189,271     $ 96,331     $ 154,312  
    


 


 


Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

                        

Cash paid for interest

   $ 180     $ 228     $ 86  

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 5,016     $ 6,101     $ 1,327  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-8


POLYCOM, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

 

Description of Business:

 

Polycom is a leading global provider of a line of high-quality, easy-to-use communications equipment that enables enterprise users to more effectively conduct video, voice, data and web communications.

 

Principles of Accounting and Consolidation:

 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

Use of Estimates:

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassifications:

 

Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original or remaining maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:

 

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of the Company’s customers to make required payments. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly by assessing individual accounts receivable over a specific aging and amount, and all other balances on a pooled basis based on historical collection experience. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. Delinquent account balances are written-off after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.

 

Investments:

 

The Company’s short-term and long-term investments are comprised of U.S., state and municipal government obligations and foreign and domestic public corporate debt securities. Investments are classified as short-term or long-term based on their original or remaining maturities and whether the securities represent the investment of funds available for current operations. Nearly all investments are held in the Company’s name at a limited number of major financial institutions. At December 31, 2005 and 2004 all of the Company’s investments were classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices at the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of cumulative other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholder’s equity. If these investments are sold at a loss or are considered to

 

F-9


have other than temporarily declined in value, a charge to operations is recorded. The specific identification method is used to determine the cost of securities disposed of, with realized gains and losses reflected in interest income, net.

 

For strategic reasons the Company has made various investments in private companies. The private company investments are carried at cost and written down to fair market value when indications exist that these investments have other than temporarily declined in value. The Company reviews these investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist and makes appropriate reductions in carrying value, if necessary. The Company evaluates a number of factors, including price per share of any recent financing, expected timing of additional financing, liquidation preferences, historical and forecasted earnings and cash flows, cash burn rate, and technological feasibility of the investee company’s products to assess whether or not the investment is impaired.

 

Inventories:

 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market with cost computed on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. The Company records write downs for excess and obsolete inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated fair value based upon assumptions about future product life-cycles, product demand and market conditions. At the point of the loss recognition, a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis.

 

Property and Equipment:

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives are three to thirteen years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets, typically three to thirteen years. Disposals of capital equipment are recorded by removing the costs and accumulated depreciation from the accounts and gains or losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.

 

Goodwill:

 

Goodwill is not amortized but is regularly reviewed for potential impairment. The identification and measurement of goodwill impairment involves the estimation of the fair value of the Company’s reporting units. The estimates of fair value of reporting units are based on the best information available as of the date of the assessment, which primarily incorporate management assumptions about expected future cash flows. Future cash flows can be affected by changes in industry or market conditions or the rate and extent to which anticipated synergies or cost savings are realized with newly acquired entities.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets:

 

Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, which range from several months to eight years. Purchased intangible assets determined to have indefinite useful lives are not amortized. Long-lived assets, including intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets that management expects to hold and use are based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

 

F-10


Guarantees:

 

Warranty

 

The Company provides for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties vary depending upon the product sold. In the case of hardware manufactured by the Company, warranties generally start from the delivery date and continue for one to three years depending on the product purchased. Software products generally carry a 90-day warranty from the date of shipment. The Company’s liability under warranties on software products is to provide a corrected copy of any portion of the software found not to be in substantial compliance with the agreed upon specifications. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty obligation include product failure rates, material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures. The Company assesses the adequacy of the recorded warranty liabilities every quarter and makes adjustments to the liability if necessary.

 

Changes in the warranty obligation, which is included as a component of “Other accrued liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, during the period are as follows (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
2005


    December 31,
2004


 

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 8,823     $ 9,612  

Accruals for warranties issued during the year

     11,029       9,793  

Warranty liabilities assumed as a result of acquisitions

     —         500  

Actual warranty charges incurred during the year

     (11,799 )     (11,082 )
    


 


Balance at end of year

   $ 8,053     $ 8,823  
    


 


 

Deferred Maintenance Revenue

 

The Company offers maintenance contracts for sale on most of our products which allow for customers to receive service and support in addition to, or subsequent to, the expiration of the contractual product warranty. The Company recognizes the maintenance revenue from these contracts over the life of the service contract.

 

Changes in deferred maintenance revenue, of which, $26.7 million and $20.8 million is short-term and included as a component of “Deferred revenue” as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively; and $12.1 million and $5.2 million is long-term and is included as a component of “Long-term deferred revenue” as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are as follows (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
2005


    December 31,
2004


 

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 26,021     $ 17,316  

Additions to deferred maintenance revenue

     73,497       53,033  

Amortization of deferred maintenance revenue

     (60,777 )     (44,328 )
    


 


Balance at end of year

   $ 38,741     $ 26,021  
    


 


 

The cost of providing maintenance services for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 was $37.3 million and $34.7 million, respectively.

 

Indemnifications to Verilink Corporation (“Verilink”)

 

In connection with the sale of the network access product line to Verilink, the Company has agreed to indemnify Verilink against certain contingent liabilities. The Company believes the estimated fair value of this indemnification is not material.

 

F-11


Officer and Director Indemnifications

 

As permitted or required under Delaware law and to the maximum extent allowable under that law, the Company has certain obligations to indemnify its current and former officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was serving, at the Company’s request in such capacity. These indemnification obligations are valid as long as the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification obligations is unlimited; however, the Company has a director and officer insurance policy that mitigates the Company’s exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. As a result of the Company’s insurance policy coverage, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification obligations is minimal.

 

Other Indemnifications

 

As is customary in the Company’s industry, as provided for in local law in the U.S. and other jurisdictions, the Company’s standard contracts provide remedies to its customers, such as defense, settlement, or payment of judgment for intellectual property claims related to the use of it’s products. From time to time, the Company indemnifies customers against combinations of loss, expense, or liability arising from various trigger events related to the sale and the use of its products and services. In addition, from time to time the Company also provides protection to customers against claims related to undiscovered liabilities, additional product liability or environmental obligations.

 

Revenue Recognition:

 

The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title has transferred, product payment is not contingent upon performance of installation or service obligations, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product or service is specified by the customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met. Additionally, the Company recognizes extended service revenue on our hardware and software products as the service is performed, generally one to five years.

 

The Company’s video communications and network systems products are integrated with software that is essential to the functionality of the equipment. Additionally, the Company provides unspecified software upgrades and enhancements related to most of these products through maintenance contracts. Accordingly, the Company accounts for revenue for these products in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and all related interpretations.

 

The Company uses the residual method to recognize revenue when an agreement includes one or more elements to be delivered at a future date. If there is an undelivered element under the arrangement, the Company defers revenue based on vendor-specific objective evidence of the fair value of the undelivered element, as determined by the price charged when the element is sold separately. If vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value does not exist for all undelivered elements, the Company defers all revenue until sufficient evidence exists or all elements have been delivered.

 

The Company accrues for sales returns and other allowances as a reduction to revenues upon shipment based upon our contractual obligations and historical experience. Co-op marketing funds are accounted for in accordance with EITF Issue No. 01-9, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer or a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products”. Under these guidelines, the Company accrues for co-op marketing funds as a marketing expense if it receives an identifiable benefit in exchange and can reasonably estimate the fair value of the identifiable benefit received; otherwise, it is recorded as a reduction to revenues.

 

F-12


Research and Development Expenditures:

 

Research and development expenditures are charged to operations as incurred and consist primarily of compensation costs, outside services, expensed materials, depreciation and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs. Software development costs incurred prior to the establishment of technological feasibility are included in research and development and are expensed as incurred. After technological feasibility is established, material software development costs are capitalized. The capitalized cost is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life, or on the ratio of current revenues to total projected product revenues, whichever is greater. To date, the period between achieving technological feasibility, which the Company has defined as the establishment of a working model, which typically occurs when beta testing commences, and the general availability of such software has been short and software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been insignificant. Accordingly, the Company has not capitalized any software development costs.

 

Advertising:

 

The Company expenses the production costs of advertising as the expenses are incurred. The production costs of advertising consist primarily of trade shows, magazine and radio advertisements, agency fees and other direct production costs. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $26.1 million, $13.8 million, and $12.9 million, respectively. Commencing in January 2005, the Company made a change to the co-op marketing program that has been provided to its channel partners that resulted in the co-op marketing funds generally being treated as a marketing expense rather than as a revenue reduction as it was in previous years.

 

Income Taxes:

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method, which recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets when, based on available objective evidence, it is more likely than not that the benefit of such assets will not be realized.

 

Foreign Currency Translation:

 

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries that operate where the functional currency is the U.S. dollar are translated to U.S dollars at year-end exchange rates for monetary assets and liabilities while non-monetary items are translated at historical rates. Income and expense accounts are translated at the average rates in effect during the year, except for depreciation which is translated at historical rates. Foreign exchange gains and losses have not been significant to date and have been recorded in results of operations. The functional currency of DSTMedia Technology Co., Ltd. (DSTMedia), a wholly-owned subsidiary in China, is the Chinese Yuan (CNY). Adjustments resulting from translating the foreign currency financial statements of DSTMedia into the U.S. dollar are included as a separate component of “Cumulative other comprehensive income (loss)”.

 

Derivative Instruments:

 

The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. For derivative instruments designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. For a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately. For derivative instruments that are not designated

 

F-13


as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings in the period of change. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. The Company enters into derivatives only with counterparties that are among the largest U.S. banks, ranked by assets, in order to minimize its credit risk.

 

Computation of Net Income Per Share From Continuing Operations:

 

Basic net income per share from continuing operations is computed by dividing net income from continuing operations by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period less common stock subject to repurchase. Diluted net income per share from continuing operations reflects the additional dilution from potential issuances of common stock, such as stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options and warrants outstanding and shares of common stock subject to repurchase. Potentially dilutive shares (including shares of common stock which are subject to repurchase) are excluded from the computation of fully diluted net income per share from continuing operations when their effect is antidilutive.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

 

Carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Estimated fair values of short-term and long-term investments are based on quoted market prices for the same or similar instruments.

 

Stock-based Compensation:

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 123, (SFAS 123) “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” the Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (APB 25), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 44 (FIN 44), “Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock-Based Compensation, an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25” and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans. In accordance with EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services,” stock-based compensation related to non-employees is based on the fair value of the related stock or options in accordance with SFAS 123 and its interpretations. Expense associated with stock-based compensation is amortized over the vesting period of each individual award.

 

Consistent with the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, the Company’s net income and basic and diluted net income per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts indicated below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Net income—as reported

   $ 62,745     $ 35,349     $ 22,823  

Add stock based compensation expensed during the period

     35       214       320  

Less stock based compensation expense determined under fair value based method, net of tax effects

     (18,105 )     (20,050 )     (16,369 )
    


 


 


Net income—pro forma

   $ 44,675     $ 15,513     $ 6,774  
    


 


 


Basic net income per share—as reported

   $ 0.66     $ 0.36     $ 0.23  

Basic net income per share—pro forma

   $ 0.47     $ 0.16     $ 0.07  

Diluted net income per share—as reported

   $ 0.65     $ 0.35     $ 0.23  

Diluted net income per share—pro forma

   $ 0.46     $ 0.15     $ 0.07  

 

F-14


The impact on pro forma net income per share and net income in the table above may not be indicative of the effect in future years as options vest over several years and the Company continues to grant stock options to new and current employees.

 

Recent Pronouncements:

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 151, “Inventory Costs—an amendment of ARB No. 43” (“SFAS 151”), which is the result of its efforts to converge U.S. accounting standards for inventories with International Accounting Standards. SFAS No. 151 requires abnormal amounts of idle facility expenses, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage) costs to be recognized as current-period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal” as stated in ARB No. 43. It also requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 will be effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company does not anticipate that the implementation of this standard will have a significant impact on its consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 123 (Revised 2004) “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), which is a revision of SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123R supersedes APB Opinion 25, and amends FASB Statement No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows.” SFAS No. 123R addresses all forms of share-based payment (“SBP”) awards, including shares issued under certain employee stock purchase plans, stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights. SFAS No. 123R will require the Company to expense SBP awards with compensation cost for SBP transactions measured at fair value. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”), relating to the adoption of SFAS 123R.

 

Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, the Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123R under the modified prospective transition method using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The modified prospective method requires that compensation expense be recorded for all unvested SBP’s beginning with the effective date of adoption and for all awards granted to employees after the effective date of adoption. Accordingly, the Company will recognize SBP compensation expense for awards issued after December 31, 2005 on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the award. For awards issued prior to January 1, 2006, the Company will recognize SBP compensation expense based on FASB Interpretation 28 “Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans—an interpretation of APB Opinions No. 15 and 25”, which provides for accelerated expensing. The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of SFAS No. 123R on its results of operations and financial condition. The actual effects of adopting SFAS No. 123R will depend on numerous factors, including stock price volatility, employee exercise patterns (expected life of the options), future forfeitures, the amount of SBP’s granted in the future, the valuation model the Company uses to value future SBP’s to employees and related tax effects. The Company expects SFAS No. 123R will have a material impact on its results of operations upon its adoption in the first quarter of 2006.

 

In June 2005, the FASB issued FSP No FAS 143-1, Accounting for Electronic Equipment Waste Obligations (“FSP 143-1”). FSP 143-1 provides guidance in accounting for obligations associated with Directive 2002/96/EC (the “Directive”) on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment adopted by the European Union. FAS 143-1 is required to be applied to the later of the first reporting period ending after June 6, 2005 or the date of the Directive’s adoption into law by the applicable EU member countries in which the Company has significant operations. The Directive distinguishes between “new” and “historical” waste. New waste relates to products put on the market after August 13, 2005. FSP 143-1 directs commercial users to apply the provisions of FASB Statement No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, and the related FASB Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, for the measurement and recognition of the liability and asset retirement obligation associated with the historical waste management requirements of the Directive. Additionally, FSP 143-1 provides guidance for the accounting by producers for the financing of the obligations of historical waste held by private households.

 

F-15


The Company adopted FAS 143-1 in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 and concluded that no significant liability had been incurred as of December 31, 2005. The Company is continuing to analyze the impact of the Directive, and FSP 143-1, on its financial position and results of operations as additional EU member countries adopt the Directive.

 

Separate from the requirements of FSP 143-1, the Company believes that the internal cost of compliance with the Directive, and the liability associated with new waste obligations, which according to the Directive is to be borne solely by the producers of the new equipment, was not significant for the year ended December 31, 2005, but could be significant in the future.

 

In November 2005, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments” (“FSP 115-1 and 124-1”), which clarifies when an investment is considered impaired, whether the impairment is other than temporary, and the measurement of an impairment loss. It also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as other-than-temporary impairments. FSP 115-1 and 124-1 are effective for all reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. At December 31, 2005, none of the Company’s unrealized investment losses were recognized as other-than-temporary impairments in our available-for-sale securities. The Company does not believe FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1 will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

 

2. Discontinued operations:

 

In January 2003, the Company sold to Verilink Corporation (“Verilink”) certain fixed assets and intellectual property rights relating to Polycom’s network access product line, including Polycom’s line of NetEngine integrated devices, for a total of up to $3.0 million in cash, of which (i) $1.0 million was paid to Polycom at closing, (ii) $0.25 million was paid to Polycom on the first anniversary of the closing in January 2004, and (iii) $1.75 million was paid to Polycom based on ten percent of Verilink’s revenues related to the sale of NetEngine products. Verilink also agreed to purchase Polycom’s existing NetEngine-related inventories, with a book value of approximately $1.9 million as of the closing date, on an as-needed basis. As of December 31, 2004, Verilink had purchased all remaining NetEngine-related inventories for approximately $2.3 million. Concurrent with the closing, certain of our employees joined Verilink. Additionally, in connection with the sale, Polycom entered into a license agreement with Verilink pursuant to which Verilink granted to Polycom a license to use and further develop the network access technology related to the NetEngine product line. The Company has agreed not to compete with Verilink in the network access market for a period of three years from the closing date, which ends January 28, 2006.

 

In accordance with SFAS 144, the results of operations of the Company’s network access product line are presented as discontinued, and prior periods have been reclassified, including the reallocation of general overhead charges to the Company’s three remaining reporting segments.

 

The Company recorded net income of $0.3 million and a net loss of $0.7 million in the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, related to the results of operations of the Company’s network access product line. This was primarily related to the sale of the NetEngine-related inventories and is included in “Income (loss) from discontinued operations” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no activity for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Verilink paid the Company $0.6 million, $0.7 million and $0.4 million related to the ten percent of Verilink’s revenues from the sale of NetEngine products in the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company recorded an after-tax gain of $0.4 million, $0.5 million and $0.6 million as a result of these transactions during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, which is included in “Gain from sale of discontinued operations” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. On a cumulative basis, Verilink has paid all of its $1.75 million post closing commitment as of December 31, 2005.

 

F-16


3. Business Combinations:

 

On August 25, 2005 the Company acquired DSTMedia Technology Co., Ltd. (“DSTMedia”). On January 5, 2004, the Company acquired Voyant Technologies, Inc. (“Voyant”). The details of each of these acquisitions are presented below. The following table summarizes the Company’s purchase price allocations related to its purchase business combination transactions at the time of acquisition (in thousands):

 

Acquisition Date


   Acquired
Company


   Consideration
Paid


   In-process
R&D
Expense


   Goodwill

   Purchased
Intangibles


   Fair Value of
Net Tangible
Assets


August 25, 2005

   DSTMedia    $ 10,306    $ 300    $ 6,680    $ 2,200    $ 1,126

January 5, 2004

   Voyant      125,170      4,600      71,531      32,200      16,839
         

  

  

  

  

Totals

        $ 135,476    $ 4,900    $ 78,211    $ 34,400    $ 17,965
         

  

  

  

  

 

Additionally, the Company completed the acquisition of MeetU.com, Inc. (“MeetU”) during the year ended December 31, 2002. The Company also completed the acquisitions of PictureTel Corporation (“PictureTel”), Atlanta Signal Processors, Inc. (“ASPI”), Circa Communications Ltd. (“Circa”) and Accord Networks Ltd. (“Accord”) during the year ended December 31, 2001. Changes in goodwill, purchased intangibles, fair value of net tangible assets and unearned stock-based compensation are summarized as follows (in thousands):

 

     Goodwill

    Purchased
Intangibles


    Fair Value of
Net Tangible
Assets


    Unearned
Stock-based
Compensation


 

Balance at December 31, 2003

   $ 289,508     $ 15,236     $ 36,511     $ 249  

Add: Acquisition of Voyant Technologies

     71,694       32,200       17,029       —    

Less: Voyant escrow amount received

     (95 )     —         —         —    

Less: Amortization

     —         (20,521 )     —         (214 )

Subsequent fair value adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed upon acquisition

     (8,535 )     —         8,535       —    
    


 


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2004

     352,572       26,915       62,075       35  

Add: Acquisition of DSTMedia

     6,680       2,200       1,126       —    

Less: Voyant escrow amount received

     (68 )     —         (190 )     —    

Less: Amortization

     —         (6,930 )     —         (35 )

Less: Impairment

     —         (1,860 )     —         —    

Subsequent fair value adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed upon acquisition

     (138 )     —         396       —    

Foreign currency translation

     25       7       —         —    
    


 


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ 359,071     $ 20,332     $ 63,407     $ —    
    


 


 


 


 

DSTMedia Technology

 

On August 25, 2005, the Company acquired DSTMedia, a privately held video solutions company headquartered in Beijing, China. The aggregate consideration for the transaction was $10.3 million, comprised of $7.6 million in cash and $2.7 million in direct acquisition costs. The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date with the assistance of an independent appraisal. The Company recorded approximately $6.7 million of goodwill, $2.2 million of identifiable intangible assets, $1.1 million of net tangible assets and $0.3 million of in-process research and development costs in connection with this acquisition. The primary reason for the acquisition and the factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill relate to DSTMedia’s ability to enhance the Company’s position in China, Japan and other Asian countries to deliver video networking and low end video solutions. The $0.3 million allocated to in-process research and development was recorded in “Purchased in-process research and development” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

F-17


In accordance with SFAS 142, goodwill originating from the DSTMedia acquisition will not be amortized. In general, the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Purchased intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of two to five years. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on goodwill and purchased intangibles.

 

DSTMedia shareholders may receive up to an additional $20.0 million of consideration through 2008, payable in cash, based on the achievement of certain financial milestones relating to the operating results of DSTMedia. Any additional consideration paid to the DSTMedia shareholders would result in an increase in goodwill. DSTMedia’s results of operations have been included in our results of operations since August 25, 2005 in our Communications and Network Systems segments. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented as the effects of this acquisition were not material on an individual basis.

 

Voyant Technologies

 

On January 5, 2004, the Company completed its acquisition of Voyant Technologies, Inc. (“Voyant”) pursuant to the terms of an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of November 21, 2003 (the “Merger Agreement”). Voyant designs and delivers group voice communication solutions. The primary reason for the acquisition and the factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill relate to Voyant’s ability to deliver audio bridging capabilities in the network systems space.

 

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Voyant shareholders received $108.9 million in cash. Approximately $12.9 million of the cash was placed into escrow to be held as security for losses incurred by the Company in the event of certain breaches of the representations and warranties covered in the Merger Agreement or certain other events. During the second quarter of 2004, the Company received $0.1 million from the escrow account related to certain working capital adjustments, reducing the purchase consideration from $125.5 million to $125.4 million. During the third quarter of 2004, the Company authorized the release of approximately $1.4 million of the escrow fund to the Voyant shareholders as certain prior sales tax liabilities had been resolved. During the second quarter of 2005, the Company received approximately $0.2 million from the escrow account related to certain losses incurred, reducing the purchase consideration from $125.4 million to $125.2 million. Also during the second quarter of 2005, the Company instructed the escrow agent to release approximately $10.7 million from the escrow fund to the Voyant shareholders. The remaining $0.4 million escrow amount will remain in escrow as security for sales tax liabilities until such liabilities are resolved. Any additional consideration paid to the Voyant shareholders would result in an increase in goodwill. In addition, upon completion of the Merger, options to acquire shares of Voyant common stock outstanding under the terms of the Voyant stock plans were assumed and converted into approximately 1.4 million options to acquire shares of Polycom common stock.

 

Upon the acquisition, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date based upon an independent appraisal. Voyant is reported as a part of the Company’s Network Systems and Services segments.

 

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements reflect a purchase price of approximately $125.2 million, consisting of cash, the fair value of options granted by Polycom in the acquisition, and other costs directly related to the acquisition as follows (in thousands):

 

Cash

   $ 108,899

Fair value of options

     14,079

Direct acquisition costs

     2,192
    

Total consideration

   $ 125,170
    

 

For purposes of computing the estimated fair value of options granted, the Black-Scholes option pricing model was used with the following assumptions: fair value of Polycom’s stock of $19.69, expected life of 3.2 years, risk free interest rate of 2.37%, expected dividend yield of 0% and volatility of 82%.

 

F-18


The following is a summary of the allocation of the purchase price (in thousands):

 

Tangible assets:

        

Current assets

   $ 26,034  

Property, plant and equipment

     9,064  

Other assets

     448  
    


Total tangible assets acquired

     35,546  
    


Liabilities:

        

Current liabilities

     (8,998 )

Long-term liabilities

     (9,709 )
    


Total liabilities assumed

     (18,707 )

In-process research and development

     4,600  

Goodwill

     71,531  

Other intangible assets consisting of:

        

Core technology

     18,300  

Patents

     5,400  

Customer relationships

     4,800  

Trade name and trademarks

     1,800  

Non-competition agreements

     1,500  

Order backlog

     400  
    


Total consideration

   $ 125,170  
    


 

The amount allocated to in-process research and development was determined by management using an independent appraisal based on established valuation techniques in the high-technology industry and was expensed upon acquisition because the technological feasibility had not been established and no future alternative uses existed. The income approach, which includes an analysis of the markets, cash flows and risks associated with achieving such cash flows, was the primary technique utilized in valuing the in-process research and development. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the in-process research and development projects were discounted at rates ranging from 35 to 40 percent in relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technology feasibility. The $4.6 million allocated to in-process research and development was recorded in “Purchased in-process research and development” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

In accordance with SFAS 142, goodwill originating from the Voyant acquisition will not be amortized. In general, the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Purchased intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of three months to eight years. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on goodwill and purchased intangibles.

 

The purchase price allocation presented in the table above was final on January 5, 2005, except for the resolution of certain earn-out contingency payments which would result in an increase in total consideration paid in the period the earn-out is achieved and a corresponding adjustment to goodwill.

 

F-19


Since January 5, 2004, the results of operations of Voyant have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following unaudited pro forma financial information reflects the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003 as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2003. These pro forma results have been prepared for comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of what operating results would have been had the acquisition actually taken place on January 1, 2003, and may not be indicative of future operating results, (unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
2003


 

Net revenues

   $ 466,620  

Loss from continuing operations

   $ (39,121 )

Loss per share from continuing operations:

        

Basic

   $ (0.39 )

Diluted

   $ (0.39 )

Weighted average shares:

        

Basic

     99,244  

Diluted

     100,752  

 

4. Goodwill and Purchased Intangibles:

 

The following table presents details of the Company’s goodwill by segment (in thousands):

 

     Communications
Segment


    Network
Systems
Segment


    Services
Segment


    Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2003

   $ 253,376     $ 46     $ 36,086     $ 289,508  

Add: Goodwill acquired in the Voyant Acquisition

     —         50,930       20,764       71,694  

Less: Voyant escrow amount received

     —         (95 )     —         (95 )

Less: Changes in fair value of liabilities assumed

     (3,219 )     (3,437 )     (1,879 )     (8,535 )
    


 


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2004

     250,157       47,444       54,971       352,572  

Add: Goodwill acquired in the DSTMedia Acquisition

     570       6,110       —         6,680  

Less: Voyant escrow amount received

     —         (68 )     —         (68 )

Less: Changes in fair value of liabilities assumed

     —         (76 )     (62 )     (138 )

Foreign currency translation

     —         25       —         25  
    


 


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ 250,727     $ 53,435     $ 54,909     $ 359,071  
    


 


 


 


 

The increase in goodwill during 2005 and 2004 is due to the acquisitions of DSTMedia and Voyant, respectively. The fair value adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 resulted primarily from revisions to net cost estimates associated with the elimination of redundant facilities, resolution of certain other pre-acquisition contingencies and changes in estimates of the fair value of certain PictureTel, Voyant and DSTMedia assets recorded during the initial purchase price allocation. See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements regarding the reduction to the facility closings liability.

 

F-20


The following table presents details of the Company’s total purchased intangible assets as of December 31 (in thousands):

 

     2005

   2004

Purchased Intangible Assets


  

Gross

Value


   Accumulated
Amortization


    Impairment

    Net
Value


  

Gross

Value


   Accumulated
Amortization


    Net
Value


Core and developed technology

   $ 43,578    $ (31,206 )   $ (1,650 )   $ 10,722    $ 42,278    $ (27,336 )   $ 14,942

Patents

     14,068      (11,195 )     —         2,873      14,068      (9,788 )     4,280

Customer and partner relationships

     25,125      (21,201 )     —         3,924      24,425      (20,225 )     4,200

Trade name

     3,021      (462 )     (150 )     2,409      2,821      (328 )     2,493

Other

     2,400      (1,943 )     (60 )     397      2,400      (1,400 )     1,000

Foreign currency translation

     7      —         —         7      —        —         —  
    

  


 


 

  

  


 

Total

   $ 88,199    $ (66,007 )   $ (1,860 )   $ 20,332    $ 85,992    $ (59,077 )   $ 26,915
    

  


 


 

  

  


 

 

In 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded amortization expense related to purchased intangibles of $6.9 million, $20.5 million and $17.6 million, respectively, which is included in “Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

Upon adoption of SFAS 142, the Company determined that a purchased trade name intangible of $0.9 million had an indefinite life as the Company expects to generate cash flows related to this asset indefinitely. Consequently, this trade name is no longer amortized but is reviewed for impairment annually or sooner under certain circumstances. The unamortized balance of acquired workforce totaling $0.5 million, recorded as part of the purchase price allocation of the Circa acquisition, was reclassified from purchased intangibles to goodwill, as it did not meet the criteria outlined in SFAS 142 to be recorded separately from goodwill.

 

In the fourth quarters of 2005 and 2004, the Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test outlined under SFAS 142 which requires the assessment of goodwill for impairment on an annual basis. The assessment of goodwill impairment was conducted by determining and comparing the fair value of our reporting units, as defined in SFAS 142, to the reporting unit’s carrying value as of that date. The fair value was determined using an income approach whereby the fair value of the asset is based on the value of the cash flows that the asset can be expected to generate in the future. These estimated future cash flows were discounted at rates ranging from 14 to 17 percent to arrive at their respective fair values. Based on the results of this impairment test, the Company determined that its goodwill assets were not impaired during 2005 or 2004.

 

In the fourth quarters of 2005 and 2004, the Company completed its annual purchased intangibles impairment tests. The assessment of purchased intangibles impairment was conducted by first estimating the undiscounted future cash flows to be generated from the use and eventual disposition of the purchased intangibles and comparing this amount with the carrying value of these assets. If the undiscounted cash flows were less than the carrying amounts, impairment existed, and future cash flows were discounted at rates ranging from 30 to 32 percent and compared to the carrying amounts of the purchased intangibles to determine the amount of the impairment. Based on the results of the 2005 impairment test, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $1.9 million for the write down of certain intangible assets acquired as part of the Voyant acquisition. As a result of a decline in the projected future cash flows from the OCI product line due to its announced discontinuance, the related core and developed technology, trade name and non competition agreement intangibles were written down to their fair values at December 31, 2005. The impairment charge was recorded in “Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Amortization and impairment of intangibles is not allocated to our segments. There was no impairment in 2004. The Company plans to conduct its annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter of every year, unless impairment indicators exist sooner.

 

F-21


The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of December 31, 2005 is as follows (in thousands):

 

Year ending December 31,


   Amount

2006

   $ 6,142

2007

     5,385

2008

     5,241

2009

     983

2010

     833

Thereafter

     822
    

Total

   $ 19,406
    

 

5. Acquisition-Related Costs and Liabilities:

 

For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded a charge to operations of $0.4 million, $1.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, for acquisition-related integration costs primarily related to the DSTMedia, Voyant and PictureTel acquisitions. These charges include outside financial advisory, legal and accounting services. These charges include the cost of actions designed to improve the Company’s combined competitiveness, productivity and future profitability and primarily relate to the elimination of redundant and excess facilities and workforce in the Company’s combined businesses and the elimination of redundant assets.

 

The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s acquisition-related liabilities and integration costs (in thousands):

 

     Facility
Closings


    Severance and
Related Benefits


    Integration
Costs, Merger
Fees and
Expenses


 

Balance at December 31, 2002

   $ 36,714     $ 2,833     $ —    

Additions to the reserve

     —         —         386  

Release of reserve

     (7,222 )     —         —    

Cash payments and other usage

     (3,805 )     (2,271 )     (233 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2003

     25,687       562       153  

Additions to the reserve

     459       430       1,394  

Release of reserve

     (3,936 )     (4 )     —    

Cash payments and other usage

     (13,129 )     (938 )     (1,481 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2004

     9,081       50       66  

Additions to the reserve

     —         —         351  

Release of reserve

     (3 )     (50 )     —    

Cash payments and other usage

     (4,964 )     —         (417 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ 4,114     $ —       $ —    
    


 


 


 

The Company had approximately $2.2 million and $3.5 million, at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, of acquisition-related reserves classified as other long-term liabilities. Approximately $1.9 million and $5.6 million, at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, of acquisition-related reserves were classified as current liabilities.

 

Facility closings

 

In November 2003, the Company entered into a lease amendment for one of its facilities for which it had previously provided a restructuring reserve. The original term of this lease, which ended in 2014, was amended to allow the Company to exit the facility in various stages through 2008 in exchange for certain cash payments.

 

F-22


As a result of the November 2003 amendment, the Company estimated that $7.2 million of the restructuring reserve would no longer be required; therefore in December 2003, this amount was released from the restructuring reserve and recorded as a reduction in goodwill. In June 2004, the Company entered into a termination agreement and related payment agreement for this facility which terminated the lease on all of the unoccupied space as of December 28, 2004. The agreement resulted in an overall reduction in the Company’s obligations and acceleration of the termination payments that were previously scheduled through 2008. As a result of these agreements, the Company estimated that approximately $3.9 million of the restructuring reserve would no longer be required; therefore in June 2004, this amount was released from the restructuring reserve and recorded as a reduction in goodwill.

 

Severance and related benefits

 

The Company assumed liabilities related to severance totaling $14.4 million from the acquisitions of PictureTel, ASPI, and MeetU, which were fully paid by the end of 2004. As a result of the Voyant acquisition, the Company assumed additional liabilities related to severance totaling $0.4 million, which were paid or released by June 30, 2005.

 

Integration Costs, Merger Fees and Expenses

 

Merger-related transaction and period expenses for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 of $0.4 million, $1.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, principally consisted of financial advisory, accounting, legal and consulting fees, and other direct merger-related expenses incurred in the period.

 

6. Restructure Costs:

 

In 2003, management approved restructuring actions primarily in connection with the sale of the network access product line to Verilink and in response to the global economic uncertainty and continued downturn in technology spending. These actions were meant to improve the Company’s overall cost structure by prioritizing resources in strategic areas of the business and reducing operating expenses. The Company recorded a restructuring charge of $5.0 million in 2003 as a result of these actions. The charge consisted of severance and other employee termination benefits related to a workforce reduction of approximately 12 percent of the Company’s employees worldwide. The restructuring charge related to the Communications, Services and Network Systems segments amounted to $0.8 million, $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The balance of the restructuring charge related to operating activities which are separately managed at the corporate level and not allocated to segments. All payments related to these actions have been made.

 

In 2004, management approved a restructuring plan for the Network Systems segment. The resulting actions were intended to improve the overall cost structure of the Network Systems segment by focusing resources on strategic areas of the business, streamlining certain engineering efforts and reducing operating expenses. In accordance with SFAS 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (SFAS 146), the Company recorded a charge of approximately $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. This charge consisted of severance and other employee termination benefits related to the workforce reductions which comprised less than 3 percent of the Company’s employees worldwide. All payments related to these actions have been made.

 

In 2005, management approved a restructuring plan for eliminating or relocating certain positions throughout the Company, but focused on the sales and general and administrative functions. The resulting actions are intended to streamline and focus the Company’s efforts and more properly align our cost structure with our projected revenue streams. In accordance with SFAS 146, the Company recorded a charge of approximately $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. This charge consisted of severance and other employee termination benefits related to these workforce reductions, which comprised less than 1 percent of the employees worldwide. All obligations related to these charges have been paid or released as of December 31, 2005. This charge was partially offset by a release of a remaining reserve that was recorded in 2004 related to the

 

F-23


restructuring of the Network Systems segment discussed above, resulting in net restructuring charges for the year of $0.6 million.

 

All restructure charges were recorded in “Restructure costs” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s restructure reserves (in thousands):

 

    

Severance and

Related Benefits


    Equipment

    Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2002

   $ 408     $ —       $ 408  

Additions to the reserves

     5,029       —         5,029  

Cash payments and other usage

     (5,307 )     —         (5,307 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2003

     130       —         130  

Additions to the reserve

     1,050       337       1,387  

Cash payments and other usage

     (1,159 )     (337 )     (1,496 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2004

     21       —         21  

Additions to the reserve

     649       —         649  

Release of reserve

     (16 )     —         (16 )

Cash payments and other usage

     (654 )     —         (654 )
    


 


 


Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ —       $ —       $ —    
    


 


 


 

7. Investments:

 

The Company has investments in debt securities and also has strategic investments in private companies. The classification of these investments are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Cost Basis

  

Unrealized

Gains


  

Unrealized

Losses


    Fair Value

Balances at December 31, 2005:

                            

Investments—Short-term:

                            

U.S. government securities

   $ 14,361    $ 3    $ (74 )   $ 14,290

State and local governments

     18,775      —        —         18,775

Corporate debt securities

     55,226      312      (412 )     55,126
    

  

  


 

Total investments – short-term

   $ 88,362    $ 315    $ (486 )   $ 88,191
    

  

  


 

Investments—Long-term:

                            

U.S. government securities

   $ 115,944    $ 9    $ (950 )   $ 115,003

State and local governments

     1,000      —        (5 )     995

Corporate debt securities

     67,585      —        (641 )     66,944
    

  

  


 

Total investments – long-term

   $ 184,529    $ 9    $ (1,596 )   $ 182,942
    

  

  


 

Investments – privately—held companies

   $ 5,900    $ —      $ —       $ 5,900
    

  

  


 

Balances at December 31, 2004:

                            

Investments—Short-term:

                            

U.S. government securities

   $ 13,826    $ —      $ (81 )   $ 13,745

State and local governments

     57,925      —        —         57,925

Corporate debt securities

     46,339      —        —         46,339
    

  

  


 

Total investments – short-term

   $ 118,090    $ —      $ (81 )   $ 118,009
    

  

  


 

Investments—Long-term:

                            

U.S. government securities

   $ 150,797    $ 4    $ (1,285 )   $ 149,516

State and local governments

     1,000      —        (14 )     986

Corporate debt securities

     171,470      —        (1,065 )     170,405
    

  

  


 

Total investments – long-term

   $ 323,267    $ 4    $ (2,364 )   $ 320,907
    

  

  


 

Investments – privately – held companies

   $ 7,372    $ —      $ —       $ 7,372
    

  

  


 

 

F-24


The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses of our short and long-term investments with unrealized losses (in thousands), aggregated by type of investment instrument and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2005 and 2004:

 

     Less than 12 Months

    12 Months or Greater

    Total

 
     Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


    Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


    Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


 

December 31, 2005:

                                             

U.S. government securities

   $ 39,411    $ (391 )   $ 79,910    $ (633 )   $ 119,321    $ (1,024 )

State and local governments

     —        —         995      (5 )     995      (5 )

Corporate debt securities

     41,431      (683 )     40,088      (370 )     81,519      (1,053 )
    

  


 

  


 

  


Total Investments

   $ 80,842    $ (1,074 )   $ 120,993    $ (1,008 )   $ 201,835    $ (2,082 )
    

  


 

  


 

  


     Less than 12 Months

    12 Months or Greater

    Total

 
     Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


    Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


    Fair Value

   Gross
Unrealized
Losses


 

December 31, 2004:

                                             

U.S. government securities

   $ 159,333    $ (1,366 )   $ —      $ —       $ 159,333    $ (1,366 )

State and local governments

     987      (14 )     —        —         987      (14 )

Corporate debt securities

     139,482      (902 )     30,914      (163 )     170,396      (1,065 )
    

  


 

  


 

  


Total Investments

   $ 299,802    $ (2,282 )   $ 30,914    $ (163 )   $ 330,716    $ (2,445 )
    

  


 

  


 

  


 

Debt Securities

 

The Company’s short-term and long-term investments are comprised of U.S., state and municipal government obligations and foreign and domestic public corporate debt securities. Investments, other than auction rate securities, are classified as short-term or long-term based on their original or remaining maturities and whether the securities represent the investment of funds available for current operations. Nearly all investments are held in the Company’s name at a limited number of major financial institutions. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, all of the Company’s investments were classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices at the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of cumulative other comprehensive income in stockholder’s equity. If these investments are sold at a loss or are considered to have other than temporarily declined in value, a charge to operations is recorded. The specific identification method is used to determine the cost of securities disposed of, with realized gains and losses reflected in interest income, net. During 2005, the Company recorded gross realized gains of $1.1 million and gross realized losses of $0.5 million, on the disposal of investments. During 2003 and 2004, the Company recorded gross realized gains and gross realized losses of less than $0.1 million on the disposal of investments. The unrealized loss balances in government obligations and public corporate debt securities as of December 31, 2005 were primarily caused by interest rate increases. Because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these debt securities until a recovery of fair value, which may be at maturity, it does not consider these debt securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2005.

 

The Company’s investment policy limits the concentration of its investments in debt securities to an unlimited amount of U.S. Government and U.S. Government Agencies, a maximum of 4% in a single issuer for all other corporate debt securities and a maximum of 10% in any single money market fund. The policy also limits the percent of our portfolio held in these instruments to a minimum of 20% in U.S. Government and U.S. Government Agencies and no more than 25% to 75% of other corporate debt instruments depending on the debt classification. All of the Company’s debt securities must be rated by both Standard and Poor’s and Moody’s and must have a high quality credit rating. Because of the nature of the Company’s investment policy, the Company

 

F-25


does not monitor industry classification of the investments other than commercial bank issues. The Company is in compliance with its investment policy at December 31, 2005.

 

Private Company Investments

 

For strategic reasons the Company has made various investments in private companies. The private company investments are carried at cost and written down to fair market value when indications exist that these investments have other than temporarily declined in value. The Company reviews these investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist and makes appropriate reductions in carrying value, if necessary. The Company evaluates a number of factors, including price per share of any recent financing, expected timing of additional financing, liquidation preferences, historical and forecast earnings and cash flows, cash burn rate, and technological feasibility of the investee company’s products to assess whether or not the investment is impaired. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, these investments had a carrying value of $5.9 million and $7.4 million, respectively and are recorded in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. During 2005 and 2004 the Company made investments in two privately held companies totaling $0.5 million and $6.5 million, respectively. In the year ended December 31, 2005, a privately held company in which the Company held an investment with a carrying value of $0.4 million was sold, resulting in a gain of $4.5 million which is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in “Gain (loss) on strategic investments”. During 2005 and 2003, the Company determined that the value of its investment in private companies was impaired and reduced the carrying amount by $1.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively, which is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in “Gain (loss) on strategic investments”. The Company determined that there was no impairment in 2004.

 

8. Inventories:

 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market with cost computed on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis. Consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,

     2005

   2004

Raw materials

   $ 2,741    $ 2,364

Work in Process

     386      836

Finished goods

     42,655      24,604
    

  

     $ 45,782    $ 27,804
    

  

 

9. Property and equipment, net:

 

Property and equipment, net, consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     Estimated useful Life

   December 31,

 
        2005

    2004

 

Computer equipment and software

   3 to 5 years    $ 77,309     $ 69,870  

Equipment, furniture and fixtures

   3 years      24,269       22,502  

Tooling equipment

   3 years      11,667       10,764  

Leasehold improvements

   3 to 13 years      10,308       9,926  
         


 


            123,553       113,062  

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

          (88,260 )     (75,518 )
         


 


          $ 35,293     $ 37,544  
         


 


 

F-26


10. Other Accrued Liabilities:

 

Other accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,

     2005

   2004

Accrued expenses

   $ 7,268    $ 6,814

Accrued Co-Op expenses

     5,146      —  

Acquisition related reserves

     1,894      5,652

Warranty obligations

     8,053      8,823

Sales tax payable

     3,862      3,412

Employee stock purchase plan withholding

     2,666      2,595

Other accrued liabilities

     3,943      2,769
    

  

     $ 32,832    $ 30,065
    

  

 

11. Business Risks and Credit Concentration:

 

The Company sells products and services which serve the communications equipment market. Substantially all of the Company’s revenues are derived from sales of video, voice and network systems products and their related services. Any factor adversely affecting demand or supply for these products or services could materially adversely affect the Company’s business and financial performance.

 

The Company subcontracts the manufacture of its voice and video product lines to Celestica, a third-party contract manufacturer. The Company uses Celestica’s facilities in Thailand, China and Singapore, and should there be any disruption in services due to natural disaster, terrorist acts, quarantines or other disruptions associated with infectious diseases, or other similar events, or economic or political difficulties in any of these countries or Asia or any other reason, such disruption would harm its business and results of operations. Also, Celestica’s facilities are currently the primary source manufacturer of these products, and if Celestica experiences an interruption in operations or otherwise suffers from capacity constraints, the Company would experience a delay in shipping these products which would have an immediate negative impact on its revenues. As a result, the Company may not be able to meet demand for its products, which could negatively affect revenues in the quarter of the disruption and harm its reputation. In addition, operating in the international environment exposes the Company to certain inherent risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and tariffs, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations and potentially adverse tax consequences, all of which could harm its business and results of operations.

 

The technology used to develop the Company’s current network systems products was developed in part with grants from the Israeli Office of the Chief Scientist. Under Israeli law, technology developed pursuant to grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist cannot be transferred to any person without the prior written consent of the Office of the Chief Scientist. The grants also contain restrictions on the ability to manufacture products developed with these grants outside of Israel. Approval to manufacture such products outside of Israel, if granted, is generally subject to an increase in the total amount to be repaid to the Office of the Chief Scientist of between 120% to 300% of the amount granted, depending on the extent of the manufacturing to be conducted outside of Israel. These restrictions on the ability to transfer certain of the Company’s technology to third parties or manufacture products outside Israel may adversely affect the Company’s operating results and the development of additional network systems products and significantly reduce the value of the technology. The Company is in the process of developing and implementing a disaster recovery plan that could provide for manufacturing to be performed outside of Israel on a limited basis today, and a more extended basis in the event of a disaster. Today, the Company is performing final test and assembly on a limited basis in Atlanta, Georgia. The implementation of such a disaster recovery plan could subject the Company to additional payments to the Office of the Chief Scientist, which could adversely affect the Company’s operating results.

 

F-27


The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments are maintained with a limited number of investment management companies and commercial banks and their international affiliates, and are invested in the form of demand deposit accounts, money market accounts, corporate debt securities and government securities. Deposits in these institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits.

 

The Company markets its products to distributors and end-users throughout the world. Management performs ongoing credit evaluations of the Company’s customers and maintains an allowance for potential credit losses. The expansion of Polycom’s product offerings may increase the Company’s credit risk as customers place larger orders for initial stocking orders. There can be no assurance that the Company’s credit loss experience will remain at or near historic levels. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of gross accounts receivable.

 

The Company has purchased licenses for technology incorporated in its products. The value of these long-term assets is monitored for any impairment and if it is determined that a write-down is necessary, this charge could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

12. Commitments and Contingencies:

 

Litigation:

 

From time to time, the Company is involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company expects that the number and significance of these matters will increase as business expands. In particular, the Company expects to face an increasing number of patent and other intellectual property claims as the number of products and competitors in Polycom’s industry grows and the functionality of video, voice, data and web conferencing products overlap. Any claims or proceedings against the Company, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or require the Company to enter into royalty or licensing agreements which, if required, may not be available on terms favorable to the Company or at all. Based on currently available information, management does not believe that the ultimate outcomes of these unresolved matters, individually and in the aggregate, are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and the Company’s view of these matters may change in the future. Were an unfavorable outcome to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, liquidity and results of operations for the period in which the unfavorable outcome occurs or becomes probable, and potentially in future periods.

 

Standby Letters of Credit:

 

The Company has several standby letters of credit totaling approximately $1.3 million which were issued to guarantee certain of the Company’s office lease obligations and other contractual obligations.

 

License Agreements:

 

The Company enters into various license agreements in the normal course of business and the cost of these agreements are amortized over the expected life of the respective agreements. The cost of these agreements and the amounts amortized in the years presented, both combined and individually, are not significant.

 

Contingent Consideration from Acquisitions:

 

See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements regarding contingent consideration from acquisitions.

 

F-28


Leases:

 

The Company leases certain office facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases expiring between 2006 and 2018. As of December 31, 2005, the following future minimum lease payments, net of estimated sublease income are due under our current lease obligations. For example, the Company has an approximately 152,000 square foot building which is fully subleased to a third party for which the sublease runs concurrent with its lease obligation. As a result, the Company is not currently showing a lease obligation related to this facility. If this sublease were to be terminated, or if the tenant defaulted on payment, the Company would incur additional lease payments that would negatively impact its operating results and overall cash flows. In addition to these minimum lease payments, the Company is contractually obligated under the majority of its operating leases to pay certain operating expenses during the term of the lease such as maintenance, taxes and insurance. This table excludes leases expiring or subject to cancellation within twelve months subsequent to December 31, 2005 (in thousands):

 

     Gross
Minimum
Lease
Payments


   Estimated
Sublease
Receipts


    Net Minimum
Lease
Payments


Year ending December 31,

                     

2006

   $ 13,732    $ (1,054 )   $ 12,678

2007

     9,516      (403 )     9,113

2008

     6,069      —         6,069

2009

     5,558      —         5,558

2010

     5,404      —         5,404

Thereafter

     10,626      —         10,626
    

  


 

Total payments

   $ 50,905    $ (1,457 )   $ 49,448
    

  


 

 

The Company is currently headquartered in an approximately 50,000 square foot facility in Pleasanton, California pursuant to a lease which expires in May 2012. This facility accommodates executive and administrative operations. The Company’s facility in Milpitas, California houses research and development, manufacturing, marketing, sales and customer support operations primarily for our voice business. This facility is approximately 102,000 square feet and is leased through January 2007.

 

The majority of the Company’s video and service operations are located in approximately 107,000 square feet in Andover, Massachusetts pursuant to a lease that expires in August 2014 and approximately 62,000 square feet in Austin, Texas pursuant to a lease that expires in November 2011. The network systems operations occupy approximately 47,000 square feet in Petach Tikva, Israel and 32,000 square feet in Atlanta, Georgia, which is also shared with our installed voice business. The Company’s audio network systems operations are located in an approximately 84,000 square foot leased facility located in Westminster, Colorado. In addition, the Company leases space in Vancouver, Canada for the VoIP development operation and in Burlington, Massachusetts for our advanced voice development operations. See Note 5 for discussion on a lease amendment signed in December 2003 and the termination and payment agreements signed in June 2004 related to the Andover, Massachusetts facility.

 

The Company leases an approximately 55,000 square foot facility in Tracy, California which is used as the North American and Latin American distribution center. Further, the Company utilizes space at a manufacturing contractor in Thailand and the Company’s European distribution contractor in the United Kingdom and Netherlands to provide Asian and European distribution and repair centers, respectively.

 

Included in the noncancelable operating leases are those assumed as part of the acquisition of PictureTel. The Company has identified vacated or redundant PictureTel leased facilities that the company intends to terminate or sublease and has recognized them as a liability assumed in a purchase combination. The liability is valued at the estimated net present value of the lease commitments. The estimated net present value of the cost of

 

F-29


terminating these leases net of any estimated sublease rent is $4.1 million, of which $1.9 million is classified as a current liability and $2.2 million is classified as a long term liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

Rent expense, including the effect of any future rent escalations or rent holiday periods, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease which is deemed to commence upon the Company gaining access and control of the facility. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $17.4 million, $17.8 million and $16.5 million, respectively. The short-term deferred lease obligation included in other accrued liabilities was $0.5 million as of December 31, 2005 and 2004. The long-term deferred lease obligation included in other long-term liabilities was $2.2 million and $1.9 million as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. In the event the Company does not exercise its option to extend the term of any of its leases, or if any of its leases expire, the Company will likely incur certain costs to restore the properties to conditions in place at the time of commencement of the lease. The Company is unable to estimate the fair value of these restoration costs as these costs cannot be determined until the end of the lease term and at times can be based on the landlord’s discretion and subsequent negotiations between the landlord and the Company.

 

13. Credit Arrangements:

 

The Company has available a $25 million revolving line of credit with a bank under an agreement dated December 3, 2005. Borrowings under the line are unsecured and bear interest at the bank’s prime rate (7.15% at December 31, 2005) or at the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) plus 0.65% (approximately 5.01% to 5.14%, depending on the term of the borrowings at December 31, 2005). Borrowings under the line are subject to certain financial covenants and restrictions on liquidity, indebtedness, financial guarantees, business combinations, profitability levels, and other related items. The line of credit expires on December 3, 2007.

 

As of December 31, 2005, there were no balances outstanding under the line of credit; however, the Company has outstanding letters of credit which total approximately $1.3 million at December 31, 2005, of which $1.2 million is secured by this line of credit. The Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants and restrictions for the periods presented.

 

14. Stockholders’ Equity:

 

Share Repurchase Program:

 

In June 2002 and August 2004, the Board of Directors approved plans to purchase up to 3.5 million shares and 10 million shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock in the open market. As of December 31, 2005, under these prior plans, the Company had purchased approximately 4.8 million shares in the open market, for cash of $81.8 million. These shares of common stock have been retired and reclassified as authorized and unissued. On August 9, 2005, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had approved a share repurchase plan, which superseded all prior share repurchase plans, under which it would purchase shares with an aggregate value of up to $250 million in the open market from time to time. During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, under all plans, the Company purchased 11.4 million, 2.8 million and 0.8 million shares of our common stock in the open market for cash of $184.0 million, $52.5 million and $6.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2005, the Company was authorized to purchase up to an additional $119.4 million of shares in the open market under the 2005 share repurchase plan.

 

Stock Option Exchange Program:

 

On May 28, 2003, the Company commenced a voluntary stock option exchange program to certain eligible employees. Members of our board of directors and our executive officers were not eligible to participate in this exchange program. Under the program, eligible employees were given the option to cancel each outstanding stock option previously granted to them at an exercise price greater than or equal to $13.48 per share, in exchange for 0.8 new options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to be granted on December 29,

 

F-30


2003, six months and three days from June 25, 2003, the date the old options were cancelled. The exercise price of these new options was equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The new options have a term equal to the lesser of the remaining term of the exchanged options, or 5 1/2 years. Generally, each new option has the same vesting schedule as the exchanged option it replaced, but the new option did not vest between the cancellation date of the exchanged option and the new option grant date. Beginning on the new option grant date, the options were immediately vested to the extent they were vested on the cancellation date and vesting then continues in accordance with the vesting schedule of the exchanged option, subject to continued employment on each relevant vesting date. However, employees were restricted from exercising new options for a period of six months following the new option grant date. In total, 4.1 million stock options were cancelled as a result of this program and approximately 3.3 million stock options were granted. The exchange program did not result in additional compensation charges or variable option plan accounting.

 

Stock Option Plan:

 

In 2001, the Board of Directors reserved 750,000 shares of common stock under the 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan “(the Nonstatutory Plan”) for issuance of nonqualified stock options to employees of acquired companies and for foreign-based employees ineligible for incentive stock options. In February 2005, the Board of Directors terminated the 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan. At the date of termination, there were 573,405 options outstanding under the Nonstatutory Plan. Options canceled, forfeited, or expired from the Nonstatutory Plan will not be available for grant under any other plan.

 

On June 2, 2004, shareholders approved the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan (“2004 Plan”) and reserved for issuance under the Plan, 12,500,000 shares, plus all remaining available options from the terminated 1996 Stock Option Plan (“1996 Plan”). To the extent any shares would have been returned to the 1996 Plan as a result of expiration, cancellation or forfeiture, those shares instead went into the reserve of shares available under the 2004 Plan. In addition, 1,354,099 shares have been added to the shares reserved under the 2004 Plan following the completion of the Voyant acquisition in January 2004 (see Note 3).

 

Under the terms of the 2004 Plan, options may be granted at prices not lower than fair market value at the date of grant as determined by the Board of Directors. Under the 2004 Plan and prior terminated plans, options granted expire between seven and ten years from the date of grant and generally are only exercisable upon vesting.

 

Options granted under the 2004 Plan and unvested shares outstanding under prior terminated plans generally vest at 25% after completing one year of service to the Company and the remaining amount equally over 36 months until fully vested after four years.

 

Also available for grant under the 2004 Plan are performance-based restricted shares for issuance to officers and other key employees under the Plan. As of December 31, 2005, no performance-based restricted shares have been granted.

 

F-31


Activity under the above plans is as follows:

 

     Shares
Available for
Grant


    Outstanding Options

     Number of
Shares


    Weighted Avg
Exercise Price


Balances, December 31, 2002

   2,039,665     15,332,898     $ 21.85

Options reserved

   1,900,000     —         —  

Options granted

   (5,270,310 )   5,270,310     $ 16.73

Options exercised

   —       (795,015 )   $ 8.20

Options canceled

   7,244,584     (7,244,584 )   $ 27.73

Options expired

   (2,061,786 )   —         —  
    

 

 

Balances, December 31, 2003

   3,852,153     12,563,609     $ 17.18

Options reserved

   13,854,099     —         —  

Options granted

   (5,676,379 )   5,676,379     $ 19.77

Options exercised

   —       (2,239,081 )   $ 12.77

Options canceled

   1,155,817     (1,155,817 )   $ 19.78

Options expired

   (42,479 )   —         —  
    

 

 

Balances, December 31, 2004

   13,143,211     14,845,090     $ 18.63

Options granted

   (3,896,720 )   3,896,720     $ 16.68

Options exercised

   —       (606,538 )   $ 16.86

Options canceled

   2,360,049     (2,360,049 )   $ 21.75

Options expired

   (667,915 )   —         —  
    

 

 

Balances, December 31, 2005

   10,938,625     15,775,223     $ 18.05
    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, 9,001,494, 7,228,429 and 4,692,969 outstanding options were exercisable at an aggregate average exercise price of $18.76, $19.23 and $17.18, respectively.

 

The options outstanding and currently exercisable by exercise price at December 31, 2005 are as follows:

 

     Options Outstanding

   Options Currently Exercisable

Range of Exercise Price


   Number
Outstanding


   Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Yrs)


   Weighted Average
Exercise Price


   Number
Exercisable


   Weighted Average
Exercise Price


$0.042-$10.10

   1,989,903    3.59    $ 9.00    1,546,765    $ 8.75

$10.21-$16.70

   1,705,892    5.15    $ 14.68    732,994    $ 13.53

$16.80-$16.80

   2,705,150    6.59    $ 16.80    —      $ —  

$16.86-$17.47

   804,894    4.65    $ 17.28    598,854    $ 17.37

$17.55-$17.75

   1,873,660    5.72    $ 17.75    626,658    $ 17.75

$18.13-$18.55

   181,670    5.64    $ 18.43    44,727    $ 18.33

$18.59-$19.32

   2,250,293    3.30    $ 19.31    2,095,486    $ 19.31

$19.50-$22.30

   2,261,533    4.64    $ 21.25    1,492,281    $ 21.17

$22.37-$32.01

   1,605,745    3.13    $ 24.16    1,468,163    $ 24.25

$32.40-$50.13

   396,483    4.35    $ 39.06    395,566    $ 39.08
    
  
  

  
  

     15,775,223    4.69    $ 18.05    9,001,494    $ 18.76
    
  
  

  
  

 

F-32


The weighted average fair value of options granted pursuant to the Plans were $6.93, $9.66 and $6.95 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the multiple option approach and the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Risk-free interest rate

   4.17 %   2.55 %   2.37 %

Expected life (yrs)

   3.45     3.25     3.24  

Expected dividends

   —       —       —    

Expected volatility

   52 %   71 %   82 %

 

The Company has also estimated the fair value of purchase rights issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Rights under this plan were also valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Purchase periods occur twice yearly and each contains four options which range from 2 years to 6 months.

 

The weighted average fair value of purchase rights granted pursuant to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan in 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $6.74, $10.04 and $17.25, respectively. The fair value of each purchase right is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Risk-free interest rate

   2.47 %   1.52 %   1.54 %

Expected life (yrs)

   0.87     1.28     1.53  

Expected dividends

   —       —       —    

Expected volatility

   43 %   54 %   71 %

 

Unearned Stock-based Compensation:

 

In connection with the acquisitions of Circa and ASPI, the Company recorded unearned stock-based compensation costs for unvested stock options assumed by the Company totaling $1.5 million which was recognized over the vesting period of the options. In connection with certain stock option grants during 1999, the Company recorded unearned stock-based compensation cost totaling $2.4 million which was recognized over the vesting period of the related options of three years. Amortization expense associated with unearned stock compensation totaled less than $0.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.3 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. All amortization of the unearned stock based compensation was complete by March 31, 2005.

 

Preferred Share Rights Purchase Plan:

 

In July 1998, the Board of Directors approved a Preferred Shares Rights Agreement, which the Board amended in March 2001 (the “Rights Agreement”). The Rights Agreement is intended to protect stockholders’ rights in the event of an unsolicited takeover attempt. It will not interfere with a transaction approved by the Board of Directors. Upon becoming exercisable, each right entitles stockholders to buy 1/1000 of a share of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $400.00, subject to adjustment. The rights will be exercisable only if a person or a group (an “Acquiring Person”) acquires or announces a tender or exchange offer to acquire 20% or more of the Company’s common stock.

 

In the event that an Acquiring Person acquires 20% or more of the Company’s Common Stock (a “Triggering Event”), subject to certain exceptions, each right not held by the Acquiring Person will entitle the holder to purchase for the exercise price that number of shares of Common Stock having a then current market value equal to two times the exercise price. In addition, in the event that, following a Triggering Event, the Company is acquired in a merger or sells 50% or more of its assets, each right not held by an Acquiring Person will entitle the holder to purchase for the exercise price that number of shares of common stock of the acquiring company having a then current market value equal to two times the exercise price. The rights are redeemable, at

 

F-33


the Company’s option, at a price of $0.0025 per right. The Company may also exchange the rights, in whole or in part, for shares of Common Stock under certain circumstances. The rights will expire on the earlier of July 15, 2008, the date of their redemption or exchange, or consummation of a merger, consolidation or asset sale resulting in expiration of the rights.

 

15. Employee Benefits Plans:

 

401(k) Plans:

 

The Company has a 401(k) Plan (the Polycom 401(k) Plan), which covers the majority of employees in the United States. Each eligible employee may elect to contribute to the Polycom 401(k) Plan, through payroll deductions, the lesser of 60% of their eligible compensation or $14,000, subject to current statutory limitations. The Company does not offer its own stock as an investment option in the Polycom 401(k) Plan. The Company, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, may make matching contributions to the Polycom 401(k) Plan. The Company matches in cash 50% of the first 6% of compensation employees contribute to the Polycom 401(k) Plan, up to a certain maximum per participating employee per year. For fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003, the maximum Company cash match has been $1,500 per participating employee per year.

 

The Company’s contributions to the Polycom 401(k) Plan totaled approximately $1.1 million, $1.1 million and $0.9 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan:

 

Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, the Company can grant stock purchase rights to all eligible employees during 6 month offering periods with purchase dates at the end of each offering period (each January and July). The Company has reserved 7,500,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the plan. Shares are purchased through employees’ payroll deductions, up to a maximum of 20% of employees’ compensation, at purchase prices equal to 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at either the date of the employee’s entrance to the offering period or the purchase date. No participant may purchase more than 5,000 shares per Offering or $25,000 worth of common stock in any one calendar year. During 2005, 2004, and 2003, 412,509, 291,040, and 271,524 shares were purchased at average per share prices of $14.39, $17.91 and $10.62, respectively. At December 31, 2005 there were 5,228,013 shares available to be issued under this plan.

 

Other Benefit Plans:

 

Under Israeli labor laws and agreements the Company is required to pay severance pay upon dismissal of an employee of the Company’s Israeli subsidiaries or upon termination of employment in specified circumstances. The Company’s severance pay for its employees in Israel, based upon length of service and the latest monthly salary (one month’s salary for each year worked), is mainly covered by purchased managerial insurance policies. The value of these policies is recorded as an asset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The net amount of severance pay charged against income totaled approximately $1.1 million, $1.2 million and $1.0 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. At December 31, 2005 and 2004 severance pay funded included in other assets was approximately $3.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and accrued severance pay included in “Other long-term liabilities” was approximately $5.7 million and $5.1 million, respectively.

 

The Company is also contributing funds on behalf of its Israeli employees to an individual insurance policy. This policy provides a combination of savings plan, insurance and severance pay benefits to the insured employee. It provides for payments to the employee upon retirement or death and secures a substantial portion of the severance pay, if any, to which the employee is legally entitled upon termination of employment. Each participating employee contributes an amount equal to 5.0% of the employee’s base salary subject to social contributions, and the employer contributes between 5.0% and 7.5% of the employee’s base salary subject to social contributions. All of the Company’s full-time Israeli employees participate in this benefit package. The net

 

F-34


amount of insurance expense charged against income totaled approximately $0.6 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company also provides some employees with an education fund, to which each participating employee contributes an amount equal to 2.5% of the employee’s base salary subject to social contributions up to the statutory cap, and the employer contributes an amount equal to 7.5% of the employee’s base salary subject to social contributions up to the statutory cap. Education fund expenses charged against income totaled approximately $0.6 million, $0.5 million and $0.5 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

16. Income Taxes:

 

Income tax expense consists of the following (in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Current

                        

U. S. Federal

   $ 17,491     $ 2,812     $ 3,807  

Foreign

     4,066       4,491       3,981  

State and local

     3,574       1,001       835  
    


 


 


Total current

     25,131       8,304       8,623  
    


 


 


Deferred

                        

U. S. Federal

     11,024       7,230       225  

Foreign

     (1,128 )     (1,097 )     (51 )

State and local

     (85 )     339       78  
    


 


 


Total deferred

     9,811       6,472       252  
    


 


 


Income tax expense

   $ 34,942     $ 14,776     $ 8,875  
    


 


 


Discontinued operations and sale thereof

   $ 220     $ 444     $ (83 )

Continuing operations

     34,722       14,332       8,958  
    


 


 


Income tax expense

   $ 34,942     $ 14,776     $ 8,875  
    


 


 


 

The sources of income (loss) before the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,

 
     2005

   2004

   2003

 

United States

   $ 59,584    $ 16,354    $ (209 )

Foreign

     38,103      33,771      31,907  
    

  

  


Income before provision for income taxes

   $ 97,687    $ 50,125    $ 31,698  
    

  

  


 

The Company’s tax provision differs from the provision computed using statutory tax rates as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Federal tax at statutory rate

   $ 34,190     $ 17,544     $ 11,094  

State taxes, net of federal benefit

     2,051       1,008       539  

In-process research and development

     —         1,320       —    

Foreign income at tax rates different than U.S. rates

     (8,247 )     (4,545 )     (2,293 )

Research and development tax credit

     (818 )     (824 )     (586 )

Dividend repatriation

     7,505       —         —    

Other

     261       273       121  
    


 


 


Tax provision

   $ 34,942     $ 14,776     $ 8,875  
    


 


 


 

F-35


The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets (liabilities) are presented below (in thousands):

 

     2005

    2004

 

Property and equipment, net, principally due to differences in depreciation

   $ 1,819     $ 2,671  

Capitalized research and development costs

     5,554       5,691  

Inventory

     2,790       3,922  

Restructuring reserves

     679       2,334  

Other reserves

     15,923       15,076  

Net operating and capital loss carryforwards

     10,853       31,578  

Tax credit carryforwards

     13,278       12,728  

Investments

     1,698       2,363  
    


 


Deferred tax asset

     52,594       76,363  

Acquired intangibles

     (4,117 )     (6,424 )
    


 


Net deferred tax asset

   $ 48,477     $ 69,939  
    


 


 

As of December 31, 2005, the Company has tax net operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryovers, and capital loss carryovers of approximately $24.8 million, $13.3 million, and $5.4 million, respectively. These net operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and capital loss carryovers begin to expire in 2013, 2007, and 2006, respectively. A portion of the future utilization of the Company’s carryforwards are subject to certain limitations due to a change in ownership that occurred in 1998, 2001 and 2004. Deferred tax assets of approximately $21.9 million as of December 31, 2005 pertain to certain net operating loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards resulting from the exercise of employee stock options.

 

The Company provides for U.S. income taxes on the earnings of foreign subsidiaries unless they are considered permanently invested outside of the U.S. At December 31, 2005, the cumulative amount of earnings upon which U.S. income tax has not been provided is approximately $5.5 million. It is not practicable to determine the income tax liability that might be incurred if these earnings were to be distributed.

 

On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act (the “Act”) was signed into law. The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing a dividends received deduction of 85% for certain dividends, as defined in the Act. During the fourth quarter of 2005, the Company distributed $137.5 million in cash from a foreign subsidiary and provided associated income tax expense of $7.5 million.

 

Tax benefits of $1.4 million in 2005 and $6.5 million in 2004 associated with the exercise of employee stock plans was allocated to stockholders equity.

 

The Company has been granted a beneficial tax status by the Israeli tax authorities for income earned in Israel. Under the terms, the company is eligible for significant tax rate reductions for several years following the first year in which the Company has Israeli taxable income after consideration of tax losses carried forward. The Company to date has realized tax savings of approximately $16.1 million. The reduced tax rates, as well as other tax benefits, are conditional upon the Company fulfilling the terms stipulated under the Israeli law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments of 1959. Failure to comply with these conditions may result in cancellation of the benefits in whole or in part.

 

17. Business Segment Information:

 

Polycom is a leading global provider of a line of high-quality, easy-to-use communications equipment that enables businesses, telecommunications service providers, and governmental and educational institutions to more

 

F-36


effectively conduct video, voice, data and web communications. The Company’s offerings are organized along four product lines: Video Communications, Voice Communications, Network Systems, and Services. For reporting purposes, the Company aggregates Video Communications and Voice Communications into one segment named Communications and reports Network Systems and Services as separate segments. The segments are determined in accordance with how management views and evaluates the Company’s business and based on the aggregation criteria as outlined in SFAS 131. A description of the types of products and services provided by each reportable segment is as follows:

 

Communications Segment

 

Communications products include a wide range of videoconferencing collaboration products and voice communications products.

 

Network Systems segment

 

Network Systems products provide a broad range of network infrastructure hardware and software to facilitate video, voice and data conferencing and collaboration to businesses, telecommunications service providers, and governmental and educational institutions.

 

Services Segment

 

Service is comprised of a wide range of service and support offerings to resellers and directly to some end-user customers. The Company’s service offerings include: maintenance programs; integration services consisting of consulting, education, design and project management services; consulting services consisting of planning and needs analysis for end-users; design services, such as room design and custom solutions; and project management, installation and training.

 

Segment Revenue and Profit

 

The accounting policies used to derive reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. A significant portion of each segment’s expenses arise from shared services and infrastructure that Polycom has historically allocated to the segments in order to realize economies of scale and to use resources efficiently. These expenses include information technology services, facilities and other infrastructure costs.

 

Segment Data

 

The results of the reportable segments are derived directly from Polycom’s management reporting system. The results are based on Polycom’s method of internal reporting and are not necessarily in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Management measures the performance of each segment based on several metrics, including contribution margin.

 

Asset data, with the exception of inventory, is not reviewed by management at the segment level. All of the products and services within the respective segments are generally considered similar in nature, and therefore a separate disclosure of similar classes of products and services below the segment level is not presented.

 

F-37


Financial information for each reportable segment is as follows as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):

 

     Communications

   Network
Systems


   Services

   Total

2005:

                           

Revenue

   $ 417,259    $ 94,203    $ 69,197    $ 580,659

Contribution margin

     201,585      31,391      23,872      256,848

Inventory

     35,199      5,560      5,023      45,782

2004:

                           

Revenue

   $ 374,589    $ 108,946    $ 56,717    $ 540,252

Contribution margin

     179,408      42,550      15,061      237,019

Inventory

     16,777      4,921      6,106      27,804

2003:

                           

Revenue

   $ 314,003    $ 67,436    $ 38,984    $ 420,423

Contribution margin

     137,505      27,183      7,539      172,227

Inventory

     15,870      2,053      6,922      24,845

 

Segment contribution margin includes all product line segment revenues less the related cost of sales, direct marketing and direct engineering expenses. Management allocates corporate manufacturing costs and some infrastructure costs such as facilities and IT costs in determining segment contribution margin. Contribution margin is used, in part, to evaluate the performance of, and allocate resources to, each of the segments. Certain operating expenses are not allocated to segments because they are separately managed at the corporate level. These unallocated costs include sales costs, marketing costs other than direct marketing, general and administrative costs, such as legal and accounting, acquisition-related costs, amortization and impairment of purchased intangible assets, purchased in-process research and development costs, litigation reserves and payments, restructuring costs, interest income, net, gain (loss) on strategic investments, other expense, net, and provision for income taxes.

 

The reconciliation of segment information to Polycom consolidated totals is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Segment contribution margin

   $ 256,848     $ 237,019     $ 172,227  

Corporate and unallocated costs

     (165,535 )     (145,195 )     (123,237 )

Acquisition related-costs

     (351 )     (1,394 )     (386 )

Purchased in-process research and development charges

     (300 )     (4,600 )     —    

Amortization and impairment of purchased intangibles

     (8,790 )     (20,521 )     (17,591 )

Restructure costs

     (633 )     (1,387 )     (5,029 )

Litigation reserves and payments

     93       (20,951 )     —    

Interest income, net

     12,848       7,279       8,451  

Gain / (loss) on strategic investments

     2,908       (12 )     (737 )

Other expense, net

     (5 )     (1,330 )     (1,774 )

Provision for income taxes

     (34,722 )     (14,332 )     (8,958 )
    


 


 


Total income from continuing operations

   $ 62,361     $ 34,576     $ 22,966  
    


 


 


 

F-38


The Company’s revenues are substantially denominated in U.S. dollars and are summarized geographically as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,

     2005

   2004

   2003

United States

   $ 324,701    $ 300,776    $ 225,175

Canada

     16,290      11,039      3,265
    

  

  

Total North America

     340,991      311,815      228,440
    

  

  

Europe, Middle East and Africa

     121,060      108,637      84,405

Asia

     103,431      108,056      98,389

Caribbean and Latin America

     15,177      11,744      9,189
    

  

  

Total International

     239,668      228,437      191,983
    

  

  

Total revenue

   $ 580,659    $ 540,252    $ 420,423
    

  

  

 

No individual country outside the United States accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenues in 2005, 2004 or 2003.

 

The percentage of total revenues for the Communications, Network Systems and Services Segments were as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,

 
       2005  

      2004  

      2003  

 

Communications

   72 %   69 %   75 %

Network Systems

   16 %   20 %   16 %

Services

   12 %   11 %   9 %
    

 

 

Total revenue

   100 %   100 %   100 %
    

 

 

 

No one customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenues in 2005, 2004 or 2003.

 

The Company’s fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation, are located in the following geographical areas (in thousands):

 

     December 31,

     2005

   2004

North America

   $ 29,155    $ 32,092

Israel

     2,527      2,441

Europe, Middle East and Africa

     1,943      1,505

Other

     1,668      1,506
    

  

Total

   $ 35,293    $ 37,544
    

  

 

F-39


18. Net Income Per Share Disclosures:

 

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of basic and diluted net income per share from continuing operations is provided as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Year ended December 31,

 
     2005

   2004

   2003

 

Numerator—basic and diluted net income per share from continuing operations:

                      

Net income from continuing operations

   $ 62,361    $ 34,576    $ 22,966  
    

  

  


Denominator—basic net income per share from continuing operations:

                      

Weighted average common stock outstanding

     95,691      99,334      99,245  

Shares subject to repurchase

     —        —        (1 )
    

  

  


Total shares used in calculation of basic net income per share from continuing operations

     95,691      99,334      99,244  
    

  

  


Basic net income per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.66    $ 0.36    $ 0.23  
    

  

  


Denominator—diluted net income per share from continuing operations:

                      

Denominator—shares used in calculation of basic net income per share from continuing operations

     95,691      99,334      99,244  

Effect of dilutive securities:

                      

Common stock options

     1,323      2,684      1,507  

Shares subject to repurchase

     —        —        1  
    

  

  


Total shares used in calculation of diluted net income per share from continuing operations

     97,014      102,018      100,752  
    

  

  


Diluted net income per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.65    $ 0.35    $ 0.23  
    

  

  


 

In 2005, 2004 and 2003, 11,800,156, 3,999,591 and 7,013,990, respectively, of potentially dilutive securities such as stock options and stock subject to repurchase were excluded from the denominator in the computation of “Diluted net income per share from continuing operations” because the option exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common stock.

 

F-40


POLYCOM, INC.

SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

    2004

  2005

    First
Quarter


  Second
Quarter


  Third
Quarter


  Fourth
Quarter


  First
Quarter


  Second
Quarter


  Third
Quarter


  Fourth
Quarter


Revenue

  $ 119,147   $ 133,827   $ 140,768   $ 146,510   $ 137,518   $ 142,685   $ 144,404   $ 156,052

Gross profit

  $ 75,020   $ 84,590   $ 88,667   $ 93,264   $ 86,511   $ 89,033   $ 90,007   $ 95,591

Net income

  $ 3,313   $ 12,921   $ 10,976   $ 8,139   $ 16,398   $ 19,992   $ 17,090   $ 9,265

Basic net income per share

  $ 0.03   $ 0.13   $ 0.11   $ 0.08   $ 0.17   $ 0.21   $ 0.18   $ 0.10

Diluted net income per share

  $ 0.03   $ 0.13   $ 0.11   $ 0.08   $ 0.16   $ 0.20   $ 0.18   $ 0.10

 

S-1


FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE—SCHEDULE II

POLYCOM, INC.

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

(in thousands)

 

     Balance at
Beginning
of Year


   Additions

   Deductions

    Balance at
End of
Year


Year ended December 31, 2005

                            

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   $ 2,330    $ —      $ (122 )   $ 2,208

Sales returns and allowances

   $ 15,087    $ 30,688    $ (23,365 )   $ 22,410

Year ended December 31, 2004

                            

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   $ 2,509    $ 65    $ (244 )   $ 2,330

Sales returns and allowances

   $ 10,968    $ 19,711    $ (15,592 )   $ 15,087

Year ended December 31, 2003

                            

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   $ 4,440    $ 521    $ (2,452 )   $ 2,509

Sales returns and allowances

   $ 11,064    $ 29,141    $ (29,237 )   $ 10,968

 

S-2


INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit

No.


 

Description


  2.1   Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 21, 2003, by and among Polycom, Inc., Voyager Acquisition Corporation and Voyant Technologies, Inc. (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 21 to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant with the Commission on January 16, 2004).
  3.1   Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Polycom, Inc. (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 18, 2003).
  3.2   Amended and Restated Bylaws of Polycom, Inc., as amended effective December 13, 2005 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 15, 2005).
  4.1   Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
  4.2   Specimen Common Stock certificate (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-02296) filed with the Commission on March 12, 1996 (the “1996 S-1”)).
  4.3   Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated May 17, 1995, among the Registrant and the Investors named therein (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s 1996 S-1).
  4.4   Preferred Shares Rights Agreement dated as of July 15, 1998 and as amended March 2, 2001, between Polycom, Inc. and Fleet Bank, N.A. F/K/A BankBoston N.A., including the Certificate of Designation, the form of Rights Certificate and the Summary of Rights Attached thereto as Exhibits A, B and C, respectively (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-A/A filed with the Commission on March 2, 2001).
10.1*   Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Registrant and each of its directors and officers (which is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 10, 2005).
10.2*(1)   The Registrant’s 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended.
10.3*   The Registrant’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-126819, filed with the Commission on July 22, 2005).
10.4   ViaVideo Communications, Inc. 1996 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan and related agreements (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-45351).
10.5   Lease Agreement by and between the Registrant and Trinet Essential Facilities XXVI, dated December 1, 1999, regarding the space located at 1565 Barber Lane, Milpitas, California (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 29, 2000).
10.6   Lease Agreement by and between the Registrant and WJT, LLC, dated February 19, 2001, regarding the space located at 4750 Willow Road, Pleasanton, California (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 12, 2001).
10.7*   Accord Networks Ltd. 1995 Employee Share Ownership and Option Plan and form of agreement thereunder (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-57778) filed with the Commission on March 28, 2001).


Exhibit

No.


 

Description


10.8*   Accord Networks Ltd. Share Ownership and Option Plan (2000) and form of agreement thereunder (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-57778) filed with the Commission on March 28, 2001).
10.9*   Accord Networks Ltd. 2000 Share Option Plan and form of agreement thereunder (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-57778) filed with the Commission on March 28, 2001).
10.10   Accord Networks Ltd. 2000 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan and form of agreement thereunder (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-57778) filed with the Commission on March 28, 2001).
10.11   Circa Communications, Ltd Stock Option Plan and related agreements (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-59820) filed with the Commission on April 30, 2001).
10.12*   Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement with the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant, effective as of March 28, 2001 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 16, 2001).
10.13*   Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement with management of the Registrant other than the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, effective as of March 28, 2001 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 16, 2001).
10.14   Amendment No. 1 to Lease by and between the Registrant and WJT, LLC, dated October 5, 2001, regarding the space located at 4750 Willow Road, Pleasanton, California (which is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 1, 2002).
10.15   PictureTel Corporation 1998 Acquisition Stock Option Plan and form of Non-Statutory Stock Option (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-72544) filed with the Commission on October 31, 2001).
10.16   Polycom, Inc. 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan and form of agreement thereunder (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 13, 2001).
10.17   Atlanta Signal Processors, Incorporated 1997 Incentive Stock Plan and forms of Stock Option Grant, Exercise Agreement and Employee Shareholder Agreement (which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-76312) filed with the Commission on January 4, 2002).
10.18*   Amended Summary and Rescission of Arrangement between the Registrant and Robert C. Hagerty (which is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 18, 2003).
10.19*   Form of Severance Agreement between the Registrant and Robert C. Hagerty (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 3, 2003).
10.20*   Summary of Arrangement between the Registrant and its Senior Executive Officers (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 3, 2003).
10.21*(1)   Polycom, Inc. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.


Exhibit

No.


  

Description


10.22*    Form of Non-employee Director Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on October 29, 2004).
10.23*    Form of Non-officer Employee Stock Option Agreement (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on October 29, 2004).
10.24*    Form of Officer Stock Option Agreement (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on October 29, 2004).
10.25*    Performance Bonus Plan (which is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 31, 2005).
10.26    Lease Termination Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2004, by and among I&G Minuteman, L.L.C., PictureTel Corporation and Polycom, Inc. (which is incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on July 30, 2004)
10.27    Settlement Agreement, made and entered into as of November 12, 2004, by and between Polycom, Inc. and Avistar Communications Corporation, together with its wholly-owned subsidiary Collaboration Properties, Inc. (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 10, 2005).
21.1(1)    Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23.1(1)    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
24.1(1)    Power of Attorney (included on pages 64 and 65 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K).
31.1(1)    Certification of the President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(a).
31.2(1)    Certification of the Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(a).
32.1(1)    Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 * Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(1) Filed herewith.
EX-10.2 2 dex102.htm THE REGISTRANT'S 1996 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN, AS AMENDED The Registrant's 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended

Exhibit 10.2

POLYCOM, INC. 1996 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN

(AS AMENDED THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2005)

The following constitute the provisions of the 1996 Stock Incentive Plan (herein called the “Plan”) of Polycom, Inc. (herein called the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE ONE

GENERAL PROVISIONS

I. PURPOSE OF THE PLAN

This 1996 Stock Incentive Plan is intended to promote the interests of Polycom, Inc., a Delaware corporation, by providing eligible persons with the opportunity to acquire a proprietary interest, or otherwise increase their proprietary interest, in the Corporation as an incentive for them to remain in the service of the Corporation.

Capitalized terms shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the attached Appendix.

II. STRUCTURE OF THE PLAN

A. The Plan shall be divided into three (3) separate equity programs:

(i) the Discretionary Option Grant Program under which eligible persons may, at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be granted options to purchase shares of Common Stock,

(ii) the Stock Issuance Program under which eligible persons may, at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be issued shares of Common Stock directly, either through the immediate purchase of such shares or as a bonus for services rendered the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary), and

(iii) the Automatic Option Grant Program under which Eligible Directors shall automatically receive option grants at periodic intervals to purchase shares of Common Stock.

B. The Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs became effective immediately upon the Plan Effective Date, and the Automatic Option Grant Program became effective upon the Underwriting Date.

C. The provisions of Articles One and Five shall apply to all equity programs under the Plan and shall accordingly govern the interests of all persons under the Plan.

III. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN

A. Prior to the Section 12(g) Registration Date, the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs were administered by the Board. Beginning with the Section 12(g) Registration Date, the Primary Committee shall have sole and exclusive authority to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to Section 16 Insiders.

B. Administration of the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to all other persons eligible to participate in those programs may, at the Board’s discretion, be vested in the Primary Committee or a Secondary Committee, or the Board may retain the power to administer those programs with respect to all such persons. The members of the Secondary Committee may be Board members who are also Employees.


C. Members of the Primary Committee or any Secondary Committee shall serve for such period of time as the Board may determine and may be removed by the Board at any time. The Board may also at any time terminate the functions of any Secondary Committee and reassume all powers and authority previously delegated to such committee.

D. Each Plan Administrator shall, within the scope of its administrative functions under the Plan, have full power and authority to establish such rules and regulations as it may deem appropriate for proper administration of the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs and to make such determinations under, and issue such interpretations of, the provisions of such programs and any outstanding options or stock issuances thereunder as it may deem necessary or advisable. Decisions of the Plan Administrator within the scope of its administrative functions under the Plan shall be final and binding on all parties who have an interest in the Discretionary Option Grant or Stock Issuance Program under its jurisdiction or any stock option or stock issuance thereunder.

E. Service on the Primary Committee or the Secondary Committee shall constitute service as a Board member, and members of each such committee shall accordingly be entitled to full indemnification and reimbursement as Board members for their service on such committee. No member of the Primary Committee or the Secondary Committee shall be liable for any act or omission made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any option grants or stock issuances under the Plan.

F. Administration of the Automatic Option Grant Program shall be self-executing in accordance with the terms of that program, and no Plan Administrator shall exercise any discretionary functions with respect to option grants made thereunder.

IV. ELIGIBILITY

A. The persons eligible to participate in the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs are as follows:

(i) Employees,

(ii) non-employee members of the Board or the board of directors of any Parent or Subsidiary, and

(iii) consultants and other independent advisors who provide services to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

B. Each Plan Administrator shall, within the scope of its administrative jurisdiction under the Plan, have full authority (subject to the provisions of the Plan) to determine, (i) with respect to the option grants under the Discretionary Option Grant Program, which eligible persons are to receive option grants, the time or times when such option grants are to be made, the number of shares to be covered by each such grant, the status of the granted option as either an Incentive Option or a Non-Statutory Option, the time or times at which each option is to become exercisable, the vesting schedule (if any) applicable to the option shares and the maximum term for which the option is to remain outstanding and (ii) with respect to stock issuances under the Stock Issuance Program, which eligible persons are to receive stock issuances, the time or times when such issuances are to be made, the number of shares to be issued to each Participant, the vesting schedule (if any) applicable to the issued shares and the consideration to be paid for such shares.

C. The Plan Administrator shall have the absolute discretion either to grant options in accordance with the Discretionary Option Grant Program or to effect stock issuances in accordance with the Stock Issuance Program.

D. The individuals eligible to participate in the Automatic Option Grant Program shall be limited to (i) those individuals serving as non-employee Board members on the Underwriting Date, (ii) those individuals who first become non-employee Board members after the Underwriting Date, whether through appointment by the Board or election by the Corporation’s stockholders, and (iii) those individuals who continue to serve as non-employee Board members through one or more Annual Stockholders Meetings held after the Underwriting Date. A non-employee Board member shall not be eligible to receive an initial option grant under the Automatic Option Grant Program on the Underwriting

 

-2-


Date if such individual has previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) or has otherwise received a prior stock option grant from the Corporation. A non-employee Board member who first joins the Board after the Underwriting Date shall not be eligible to receive an initial option grant under the Automatic Option Grant Program if such individual has previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary). Non-employee Board members who have previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) or who have previously received a stock option grant from the Corporation shall, however, be eligible to receive one or more annual option grants under the Automatic Option Grant Program over their period of continued Board service.

V. STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

A. The stock issuable under the Plan shall be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Corporation on the open market. The maximum number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued over the term of the Plan shall not exceed approximately 23,150,000 shares.

B. No one person participating in the Plan may receive options, separately exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances for more than 600,000 shares of Common Stock in the aggregate per calendar year, beginning with the 1996 calendar year.

C. No more than ten percent (10%) of the maximum number of shares which may be issued under the Plan may be issued pursuant to the Stock Issuance Program.

D. Shares of Common Stock subject to outstanding options shall be available for subsequent issuance under the Plan to the extent (i) the options (including any options incorporated from the Predecessor Plan) expire or terminate for any reason prior to exercise in full or (ii) the options are canceled in accordance with the cancellation-regrant provisions of Article Two. In addition, any unvested shares issued under the Plan and subsequently repurchased by the Corporation, at the option exercise or direct issue price paid per share, pursuant to the Corporation’s repurchase rights under the Plan shall be added back to the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan and shall accordingly be available for reissuance through one or more subsequent option grants or direct stock issuances under the Plan. However, should the exercise price of an option under the Plan (including any option incorporated from the Predecessor Plan) be paid with shares of Common Stock or should shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable under the Plan be withheld by the Corporation in satisfaction of the withholding taxes incurred in connection with the exercise of an option or the vesting of a stock issuance under the Plan, then the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan shall be reduced by the gross number of shares for which the option is exercised or which vest under the stock issuance, and not by the net number of shares of Common Stock issued to the holder of such option or stock issuance.

E. Should any change be made to the Common Stock by reason of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change affecting the outstanding Common Stock as a class without the Corporation’s receipt of consideration, appropriate adjustments shall be made to (i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under the Plan, (ii) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted options, separately exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances per calendar year, (iii) the number and/or class of securities for which automatic option grants are to be made subsequently per Eligible Director under the Automatic Option Grant Program and (iv) the number and/or class of securities and the exercise price per share in effect under each outstanding option (including any option incorporated from the Predecessor Plan) in order to prevent the dilution or enlargement of benefits thereunder. The adjustments determined by the Plan Administrator shall be final, binding and conclusive.

 

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ARTICLE TWO

DISCRETIONARY OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

I. OPTION TERMS

Each option shall be evidenced by one or more documents in the form approved by the Plan Administrator; provided, however, that each such document shall comply with the terms specified below. Each document evidencing an Incentive Option shall, in addition, be subject to the provisions of the Plan applicable to such options.

A. EXERCISE PRICE.

(i) The exercise price per share shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator but shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the option grant date.

(ii) The exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of the option and shall, subject to the provisions of Section I of Article Five and the documents evidencing the option, be payable in one or more of the forms specified below:

(iii) cash or check made payable to the Corporation,

(iv) shares of Common Stock held for the requisite period necessary to avoid a charge to the Corporation’s earnings for financial reporting purposes and valued at Fair Market Value on the Exercise Date, or

(v) to the extent the option is exercised for vested shares, through a special sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Optionee shall concurrently provide irrevocable written instructions to (a) a Corporation-designated brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of the purchased shares and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the aggregate exercise price payable for the purchased shares plus all applicable Federal, state and local income and employment taxes required to be withheld by the Corporation by reason of such exercise and (b) the Corporation to deliver the certificates for the purchased shares directly to such brokerage firm in order to complete the sale transaction.

Except to the extent such sale and remittance procedure is utilized, payment of the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.

B. EXERCISE AND TERM OF OPTIONS. Each option shall be exercisable at such time or times, during such period and for such number of shares as shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing the option. However, no option shall have a term in excess of seven (7) years measured from the option grant date.

C. EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE.

(i) The following provisions shall govern the exercise of any options held by the Optionee at the time of cessation of Service or death:

(1) Any option outstanding at the time of the Optionee’s cessation of Service for any reason shall remain exercisable for such period of time thereafter as shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing the option, but no such option shall be exercisable after the expiration of the option term.

(2) Any option exercisable in whole or in part by the Optionee at the time of death may be exercised subsequently by the personal representative of the Optionee’s estate or by the person or persons to whom the option is transferred pursuant to the Optionee’s will or in accordance with the laws of descent and distribution.

 

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(3) During the applicable post-Service exercise period, the option may not be exercised in the aggregate for more than the number of vested shares for which the option is exercisable on the date of the Optionee’s cessation of Service. Upon the expiration of the applicable exercise period or (if earlier) upon the expiration of the option term, the option shall terminate and cease to be outstanding for any vested shares for which the option has not been exercised. However, the option shall, immediately upon the Optionee’s cessation of Service, terminate and cease to be outstanding to the extent the option is not otherwise at that time exercisable for vested shares.

(4) Should the Optionee’s Service be terminated for Misconduct, then all outstanding options held by the Optionee shall terminate immediately and cease to be outstanding.

(ii) The Plan Administrator shall have the discretion, exercisable either at the time an option is granted or at any time while the option remains outstanding, to:

(1) extend the period of time for which the option is to remain exercisable following the Optionee’s cessation of Service from the period otherwise in effect for that option to such greater period of time as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate, but in no event beyond the expiration date of the option term, and/or

(2) permit the option to be exercised, during the applicable post-Service exercise period, not only with respect to the number of vested shares of Common Stock for which such option is exercisable at the time of the Optionee’s cessation of Service but also with respect to one or more additional installments in which the Optionee would have vested under the option had the Optionee continued in Service.

D. STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS. The holder of an option shall have no stockholder rights with respect to the shares subject to the option until such person shall have exercised the option, paid the exercise price and become a holder of record of the purchased shares.

E. REPURCHASE RIGHTS. The Plan Administrator shall have the discretion to grant options which are exercisable for unvested shares of Common Stock. Should the Optionee cease Service while holding such unvested shares, the Corporation shall have the right to repurchase, at the exercise price paid per share, any or all of those unvested shares. The terms upon which such repurchase right shall be exercisable (including the period and procedure for exercise and the appropriate vesting schedule for the purchased shares) shall be established by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the document evidencing such repurchase right.

F. LIMITED TRANSFERABILITY OF OPTIONS. During the lifetime of the Optionee, Incentive Options shall be exercisable only by the Optionee and shall not be assignable or transferable other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution following the Optionee’s death. However, Non-Statutory Options may, in connection with the Optionee’s estate plan, be assigned in whole or in part during the Optionee’s lifetime to one or more members of the Optionee’s immediate family or to a trust established exclusively for one or more such family members; provided, however, that unless the Plan Administrator determines otherwise in a stock option agreement, Non-Statutory Options provided to Optionees employed by the Company’s European subsidiaries are not so transferable. The assigned portion may only be exercised by the person or persons who acquire a proprietary interest in the option pursuant to the assignment. The terms applicable to the assigned portion shall be the same as those in effect for the option immediately prior to such assignment and shall be set forth in such documents issued to the assignee as the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate.

II. INCENTIVE OPTIONS

The terms specified below shall be applicable to all Incentive Options. Except as modified by the provisions of this Section II, all the provisions of Articles One, Two and Five shall be applicable to Incentive Options. Options which are specifically designated as Non-Statutory Options when issued under the Plan shall NOT be subject to the terms of this Section II.

A. ELIGIBILITY. Incentive Options may only be granted to Employees.

 

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B. DOLLAR LIMITATION. The aggregate Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock (determined as of the respective date or dates of grant) for which one or more options granted to any Employee under the Plan (or any other option plan of the Corporation or any Parent or Subsidiary) may for the first time become exercisable as Incentive Options during any one (1) calendar year shall not exceed the sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000). To the extent the Employee holds two (2) or more such options which become exercisable for the first time in the same calendar year, the foregoing limitation on the exercisability of such options as Incentive Options shall be applied on the basis of the order in which such options are granted.

C. 10% STOCKHOLDER. If any Employee to whom an Incentive Option is granted is a 10% Stockholder, then the exercise price per share shall not be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the option grant date, and the option term shall not exceed five (5) years measured from the option grant date.

III. CORPORATE TRANSACTION/CHANGE IN CONTROL

A. In the event of any Corporate Transaction, each outstanding option shall automatically accelerate so that each such option shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the Corporate Transaction, become fully exercisable with respect to the total number of shares of Common Stock at the time subject to such option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as fully-vested shares of Common Stock. However, an outstanding option shall not so accelerate if and to the extent: (i) such option is, in connection with the Corporate Transaction, to be assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or (ii) such option is to be replaced with a cash incentive program of the successor corporation which preserves the spread existing on the unvested option shares at the time of the Corporate Transaction and provides for subsequent payout in accordance with the same vesting schedule applicable to such option.

B. All outstanding repurchase rights shall also terminate automatically, and the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Corporate Transaction, except to the extent those repurchase rights are to be assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof) in connection with such Corporate Transaction.

C. The Plan Administrator shall have the discretion, exercisable either at the time the option is granted or at any time while the option remains outstanding, to provide for the automatic acceleration of one or more outstanding options (and the automatic termination of one or more outstanding repurchase rights with the immediate vesting of the shares of Common Stock subject to those rights) upon the occurrence of a Corporate Transaction, whether or not those options are to be assumed (or those repurchase rights are to be assigned) in the Corporate Transaction.

D. Immediately following the consummation of the Corporate Transaction, all outstanding options shall terminate and cease to be outstanding, except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof).

E. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Corporate Transaction shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Corporate Transaction, to apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Corporate Transaction had the option been exercised immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction. Appropriate adjustments shall also be made to (i) the number and class of securities available for issuance under the Plan following the consummation of such Corporate Transaction, (ii) the exercise price payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise price payable for such securities shall remain the same and (iii) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted stock options, separately exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances under the Plan per calendar year.

F. The Plan Administrator shall have full power and authority to grant options under the Discretionary Option Grant Program which will automatically accelerate in whole or in part should the Optionee’s Service subsequently terminate by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed twelve (12) months) following the effective date of any Corporate Transaction in which those options are assumed or replaced and do not otherwise accelerate. Any options so accelerated shall remain exercisable for fully-vested shares until the EARLIER of (i) the expiration of the option term or (ii) the expiration of the one (1)-year period measured from the effective date of the Involuntary Termination. In addition, the Plan Administrator may provide that one or more of the Corporation’s outstanding repurchase rights with respect to shares held by the Optionee at the time of such Involuntary Termination shall immediately terminate in whole or in part, and the shares subject to those terminated rights shall accordingly vest.

 

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G. The Plan Administrator shall have full power and authority to grant options under the Discretionary Option Grant Program which will automatically accelerate in whole or in part should the Optionee’s Service subsequently terminate by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed twelve (12) months) following the effective date of any Change in Control. Each option so accelerated shall remain exercisable for fully-vested shares until the EARLIER of (i) the expiration of the option term or (ii) the expiration of the one (1)-year period measured from the effective date of the Involuntary Termination. In addition, the Plan Administrator may provide that one or more of the Corporation’s outstanding repurchase rights with respect to shares held by the Optionee at the time of such Involuntary Termination shall immediately terminate in whole or in part, and the shares subject to those terminated rights shall accordingly vest.

H. The portion of any Incentive Option accelerated in connection with a Corporate Transaction or Change in Control shall remain exercisable as an Incentive Option only to the extent the applicable One Hundred Thousand Dollar ($100,000) limitation is not exceeded. To the extent such dollar limitation is exceeded, the accelerated portion of such option shall be exercisable as a Non-Statutory Option under the Federal tax laws.

I. The grant of options under the Discretionary Option Grant Program shall in no way affect the right of the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate or sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.

IV. CANCELLATION AND REGRANT OF OPTIONS

The Plan Administrator shall have the authority to effect, at any time, and from time to time, with the consent of the affected option holders the cancellation of any or all outstanding options under the Discretionary Option Grant Program (including outstanding options incorporated from the Predecessor Plan) and to grant in substitution new options covering the same or different number of shares of Common Stock but with an exercise price per share based on the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the new grant date. However, any repricing of stock options, effected either by reducing the exercise price of outstanding options or canceling outstanding options and granting replacement options with a lower exercise price, shall require the approval of the holders of a majority of the Corporation’s voting shares, with the sole exception of that certain exchange offer to be commenced as soon as is reasonably practicable following May 20, 2003, pursuant to which holders of options to purchase a maximum of 7,000,000 shares of the Corporation’s Common Stock with an exercise price per share of at least ten percent (10%) higher than the closing price of a share of the Company’s Common Stock on the Nasdaq National Market on the trading day prior to the commencement of the exchange offer, shall be offered the opportunity to elect to cancel such options (the “Cancelled Options”), in exchange for the grant of replacement options to purchase 0.80 shares of the Corporation’s Common Stock for each share under the Cancelled Options (the “Replacement Options”), with such Replacement Options to be granted no less than six months and one day following the cancellation of the Cancelled Options, at a price equal to the fair market value of the Corporation’s Common Stock on such date of grant (the “New Grant Date”). Each Replacement Option will have a term equal to the lesser of (i) the remaining term of the Cancelled Option, or (ii) five and one-half (51/2) years. The vesting commencement date and vesting schedule for each Replacement Option will be the same as for the Cancelled Option which it replaces, subject to adjustment for any shares previously exercised, except that vesting will be suspended during the period between the cancellation date of the Cancelled Options and the New Grant Date. Further, optionholders who receive Replacement Options will be prohibited from exercising those Replacement Options for an additional six months following the New Grant Date. Executive Officers and Directors of the Corporation shall not participate in this exchange offer, and this exchange offer will be structured so that the Corporation avoids incurring financial accounting charges.

V. STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

A. The Plan Administrator shall have full power and authority to grant to selected Optionees tandem stock appreciation rights and/or limited stock appreciation rights.

 

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B. The following terms shall govern the grant and exercise of tandem stock appreciation rights:

(i) One or more Optionees may be granted the right, exercisable upon such terms as the Plan Administrator may establish, to elect between the exercise of the underlying option for shares of Common Stock and the surrender of that option in exchange for a distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (a) the Fair Market Value (on the option surrender date) of the number of shares in which the Optionee is at the time vested under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (b) the aggregate exercise price payable for such shares.

(ii) No such option surrender shall be effective unless it is approved by the Plan Administrator. If the surrender is so approved, then the distribution to which the Optionee shall be entitled may be made in shares of Common Stock valued at Fair Market Value on the option surrender date, in cash, or partly in shares and partly in cash, as the Plan Administrator shall in its sole discretion deem appropriate.

(iii) If the surrender of an option is rejected by the Plan Administrator, then the Optionee shall retain whatever rights the Optionee had under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) on the option surrender date and may exercise such rights at any time prior to the LATER of (a) five (5) business days after the receipt of the rejection notice or (b) the last day on which the option is otherwise exercisable in accordance with the terms of the documents evidencing such option, but in no event may such rights be exercised more than ten (10) years after the option grant date.

C. The following terms shall govern the grant and exercise of limited stock appreciation rights:

(i) One or more Section 16 Insiders may be granted limited stock appreciation rights with respect to their outstanding options.

(ii) Upon the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over, each individual holding one or more options with such a limited stock appreciation right shall have the unconditional right (exercisable for a thirty (30)-day period following such Hostile Take-Over) to surrender each such option to the Corporation, to the extent the option is at the time exercisable for vested shares of Common Stock. In return for the surrendered option, the Optionee shall receive a cash distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (A) the Take-Over Price of the shares of Common Stock which are at the time vested under each surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (B) the aggregate exercise price payable for such shares. Such cash distribution shall be paid within five (5) days following the option surrender date.

(iii) The Plan Administrator shall pre-approve, at the time the limited stock appreciation right is granted, the subsequent exercise of that right in accordance with the terms of the grant and the provisions of this Section V.C. No additional approval of the Plan Administrator or the Board shall be required at the time of the actual option surrender and cash distribution.

(iv) The balance of the option (if any) shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with the documents evidencing such option.

ARTICLE THREE

STOCK ISSUANCE PROGRAM

I. STOCK ISSUANCE TERMS

Shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program through direct and immediate issuances without any intervening option grants. Each such stock issuance shall be evidenced by a Stock Issuance Agreement which complies with the terms specified below.

 

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A. PURCHASE PRICE.

(i) The purchase price per share shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator, but shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the issuance date.

(ii) Subject to the provisions of Section I of Article Five, shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program for any of the following items of consideration which the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate in each individual instance:

(1) cash or check made payable to the Corporation, or

(2) past services rendered to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

 

B. VESTING PROVISIONS.

(i) Shares of Common Stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program may, in the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be fully and immediately vested upon issuance or may vest in one or more installments over the Participant’s period of Service or upon attainment of specified performance objectives. The elements of the vesting schedule applicable to any unvested shares of Common Stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program, namely:

(1) the Service period to be completed by the Participant or the performance objectives to be attained,

(2) the number of installments in which the shares are to vest,

(3) the interval or intervals (if any) which are to lapse between installments, and

(4) the effect which death, Permanent Disability or other event designated by the Plan Administrator is to have upon the vesting schedule, shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and incorporated into the Stock Issuance Agreement.

(ii) Any new, substituted or additional securities or other property including money paid other than as a regular cash dividend) which the Participant may have the right to receive with respect to the Participant’s unvested shares of Common Stock by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change affecting the outstanding Common Stock as a class without the Corporation’s receipt of consideration shall be issued subject to (i) the same vesting requirements applicable to the Participant’s unvested shares of Common Stock and (ii) such escrow arrangements as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate.

(iii) The Participant shall have full stockholder rights with respect to any shares of Common Stock issued to the Participant under the Stock Issuance Program, whether or not the Participant’s interest in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the Participant shall have the right to vote such shares and to receive any regular cash dividends paid on such shares.

(iv) Should the Participant cease to remain in Service while holding one or more unvested shares of Common Stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program or should the performance objectives not be attained with respect to one or more such unvested shares of Common Stock, then those shares shall be immediately surrendered to the Corporation for cancellation, and the Participant shall have no further stockholder rights with respect to those shares. To the extent the surrendered shares were previously issued to the Participant for consideration paid in cash or cash equivalent (including the Participant’s purchase-money indebtedness), the Corporation shall repay to the Participant the cash consideration paid for the surrendered shares and shall cancel the unpaid principal balance of any outstanding purchase-money note of the Participant attributable to the surrendered shares.

(v) The Plan Administrator may in its discretion waive the surrender and cancellation of one or more unvested shares of Common Stock (or other assets attributable thereto) which would otherwise occur upon the cessation of the Participant’s Service or the non-attainment of the performance objectives applicable to those shares. Such waiver shall result in the immediate vesting of the Participant’s interest in the shares of Common Stock as to which the waiver applies. Such waiver may be effected at any time, whether before or after the Participant’s cessation of Service or the attainment or non-attainment of the applicable performance objectives.

 

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II. CORPORATE TRANSACTION/CHANGE IN CONTROL

A. All of the Corporation’s outstanding repurchase/cancellation rights under the Stock Issuance Program shall terminate automatically, and all the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Corporate Transaction, except to the extent those repurchase/cancellation rights are to be assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof) in connection with such Corporate Transaction.

B. The Plan Administrator shall have the discretionary authority, exercisable either at the time the unvested shares are issued or any time while the Corporation’s repurchase/cancellation rights remain outstanding under the Stock Issuance Program, to provide that those rights shall automatically terminate in whole or in part, and the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall immediately vest, in the event the Participant’s Service should subsequently terminate by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed twelve (12) months) following the effective date of any Corporate Transaction in which those repurchase/cancellation rights are assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof).

C. The Plan Administrator shall have the discretionary authority, exercisable either at the time the unvested shares are issued or any time while the Corporation’s repurchase/cancellation rights remain outstanding under the Stock Issuance Program, to provide that those rights shall automatically terminate in whole or in part, and the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall immediately vest, in the event the Participant’s Service should subsequently terminate by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed twelve (12) months) following the effective date of any Change in Control.

III. SHARE ESCROW/LEGENDS

Unvested shares may, in the Plan Administrator’s discretion, be held in escrow by the Corporation until the Participant’s interest in such shares vests or may be issued directly to the Participant with restrictive legends on the certificates evidencing those unvested shares.

ARTICLE FOUR

AUTOMATIC OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

I. OPTION TERMS

A. GRANT DATES. Option grants shall be made on the dates specified below:

(i) On the date of each Annual Stockholders Meeting held on or after May 20, 2003, each non-employee member of the Board who is to continue to serve on the Board (an “Eligible Director”), whether or not that Eligible Director is standing for re-election to the Board at that particular Annual Meeting, shall automatically be granted a Non-Statutory Option to purchase an amount equal to 25,000 shares of Common Stock. There shall be no limit on the number of such option grants any one Eligible Director may receive over his or her period of Board service, and Eligible Directors who have previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) or who have otherwise received a stock option grant from the Corporation shall be eligible to receive such option grants over their period of continued Board service. Each individual serving as a non-employee Board member shall, upon the date such individual joins the Board of Directors, be automatically granted on such date a non-statutory option to purchase 30,000 shares if joining between January 27, 1999 and May 17, 2001 or 60,000 shares if joining on or after May 17, 2001 (a “Primary Grant”), provided such individual (i) had not previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any parent or Subsidiary) and (ii) had not otherwise received a prior stock option grant from the Corporation.

(ii) Each Eligible Director on October 26, 1999 shall automatically be granted a Non-Statutory Option to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock equal to (x) 30,000 minus (y) the number of shares of Common Stock Options granted to such individual since the prior Annual Stockholders Meeting and including the grant at such meeting (the “Interim Option”).

 

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(iii) Each individual serving as a non-employee Board member on the Underwriting Date and each Eligible Director elected to the Board prior to January 26, 1999 was automatically granted, on such date, a Non-Statutory Option to purchase 40,000 shares of Common Stock (an “Initial Grant”), provided such individual (i) had not previously been in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) and (ii) had not otherwise received a prior stock option grant from the Corporation , except that prior to the 1998 Annual Meeting such Initial grant was for 32,000 shares instead of 40,000. On every Annual Shareholder Meeting after the Underwriting Date but on or prior to January 26, 1999, each Eligible Director was granted a Non-Statutory Option for 10,000 shares of Common Stock, provided such individual was an Eligible Director for at least six (6) months, except that prior to the 1998 Annual Meeting, such option was to purchase 8,000 shares, not 10,000. After January 26, 1999 and prior to October 26, 1999, Eligible Directors were granted a Non-Statutory Option to purchase 7,500 shares of Common Stock on the date of each Annual Shareholders Meeting and grants of Non-Statutory Options to purchase 7,500 shares of Common Stock on the next three (3) three (3) month anniversaries following each applicable Annual Shareholders Meeting. The automatic annual grant of 30,000 shares of Common Stock is intended to replace these previous automatic quarterly grants.

B. EXERCISE PRICE.

(i) The exercise price per share for any option grant under this Article Four shall be equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the option grant date.

(ii) The exercise price shall be payable in one or more of the alternative forms authorized under the Discretionary Option Grant Program. Except to the extent the sale and remittance procedure specified thereunder is utilized, payment of the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.

C. OPTION TERM. Each option granted on or after May 17, 2001 shall have a term of seven (7) years measured from the grant date. Each option granted between October 26, 1999 and May 17, 2001 shall have a term of five (5) years measured from the grant date. The Interim Option shall have a term of five (5) years from the date of the 1999 Annual Stockholders Meeting. Each option granted on or after January 26, 1999 and on or before October 26, 1999 shall have a term of two (2) years measured from the option grant date. Each option granted prior to January 26, 1999 shall have a term of ten (10) years from its date of grant.

D. EXERCISE AND VESTING OF OPTIONS. Automatic option grants made on the date of each Annual Stockholders Meeting held on or after May 20, 2003 shall vest and become exercisable on the first anniversary of their grant date, provided the Optionee remains a Board member on such date. Each Interim Option shall vest and become exercisable on the first anniversary of the 1999 Annual Shareholders Meeting, provided the Optionee remains a Board member on such date. Each option granted on or after January 26, 1999 and on or before October 26, 1999 shall be fully vested and immediately exercisable on the option grant date for any or all of the option shares. Any shares purchased under an option granted prior to January 26, 1999 shall be subject to repurchase by the Corporation, at the exercise price paid per share, upon the Optionee’s cessation of Board service prior to vesting in those shares. Each Initial Grant and each Primary Grant shall vest, and the Corporation’s repurchase right shall lapse, in a series of four (4) successive equal annual installments over the Optionee’s period of continued service as a Board member, with the first such installment to vest upon the Optionee’s completion of one (1) year of Board service measured from the option grant date. With respect to annual share grants made prior to January 26, 1999, such options shall vest, and the Corporation’s repurchase right shall lapse, in two (2) successive equal annual installments over the Optionee’s period of continued service as a Board member, with the first such installment to vest upon the Optionee’s completion of one (1) year of Board service measured from the option grant date.

E. EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF BOARD SERVICE. The following provisions shall govern the exercise of any options held by the Optionee at the time the Optionee ceases to serve as a Board member:

(i) The Optionee (or, in the event of Optionee’s death, the personal representative of the Optionee’s estate or the person or persons to whom the option is transferred pursuant to the Optionee’s will or in

 

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accordance with the laws of descent and distribution) shall have a twelve (12)-month period following the date of such cessation of Board service in which to exercise each such option; provided, however, in no event shall the option be exercised later than the option term provided in such option.

(ii) During the twelve (12)-month exercise period, the option may not be exercised in the aggregate for more than the number of vested shares of Common Stock for which the option is exercisable at the time of the Optionee’s cessation of Board service.

(iii) Should the Optionee cease to serve as a Board member by reason of death or Permanent Disability, then all shares at the time subject to the option shall immediately vest so that such option may, during the twelve (12)-month exercise period following such cessation of Board service, be exercised for all or any portion of those shares as fully-vested shares of Common Stock.

(iv) In no event shall the option remain exercisable after the expiration of the option term. Upon the expiration of the twelve (12)-month exercise period or (if earlier) upon the expiration of the option term, the option shall terminate and cease to be outstanding for any vested shares for which the option has not been exercised. However, the option shall, immediately upon the Optionee’s cessation of Board service for any reason other than death or Permanent Disability, terminate and cease to be outstanding to the extent the option is not otherwise at that time exercisable for vested shares.

II. CORPORATE TRANSACTION/CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

A. In the event of any Corporate Transaction, the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to each outstanding option but not otherwise vested shall automatically vest in full so that each such option shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the Corporate Transaction, become fully exercisable for all of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to such option and may be exercised for all or any portion of those shares as fully-vested shares of Common Stock. Immediately following the consummation of the Corporate Transaction, each automatic option grant shall terminate and cease to be outstanding, except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof).

B. In connection with any Change in Control, the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to each outstanding option but not otherwise vested shall automatically vest in full so that each such option shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the Change in Control, become fully exercisable for all of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to such option and may be exercised for all or any portion of those shares as fully-vested shares of Common Stock. Each such option shall remain exercisable for such fully-vested option shares until the expiration or sooner termination of the option term.

C. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Corporate Transaction shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Corporate Transaction, to apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Corporate Transaction had the option been exercised immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction. Appropriate adjustments shall also be made to the exercise price payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise price payable for such securities shall remain the same.

D. The grant of options under the Automatic Option Grant Program shall in no way affect the right of the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate or sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.

III. REMAINING TERMS

The remaining terms of each option granted under the Automatic Option Grant Program shall be the same as the terms in effect for option grants made under the Discretionary Option Grant Program.

 

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ARTICLE FIVE

MISCELLANEOUS

I. FINANCING

A. The Plan Administrator may permit any Optionee or Participant to pay the option exercise price under the Discretionary Option Grant Program or the purchase price of shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program by delivering a promissory note payable in one or more installments. The terms of any such promissory note (including the interest rate and the terms of repayment) shall be established by the Plan Administrator in its sole discretion. Promissory notes may be authorized with or without security or collateral. In all events, the maximum credit available to the Optionee or Participant may not exceed the sum of (i) the aggregate option exercise price or purchase price payable for the purchased shares plus (ii) any Federal, state and local income and employment tax liability incurred by the Optionee or the Participant in connection with the option exercise or share purchase.

B. The Plan Administrator may, in its discretion, determine that one or more such promissory notes shall be subject to forgiveness by the Corporation in whole or in part upon such terms as the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate.

II. TAX WITHHOLDING

A. The Corporation’s obligation to deliver shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights or upon the issuance or vesting of such shares under the Plan shall be subject to the satisfaction of all applicable Federal, state and local income and employment tax withholding requirements.

B. The Plan Administrator may, in its discretion, provide any or all holders of Non-Statutory Options or unvested shares of Common Stock under the Plan (other than the options granted or the shares issued under the Automatic Option Grant Program) with the right to use shares of Common Stock in satisfaction of all or part of the Taxes incurred by such holders in connection with the exercise of their options or the vesting of their shares. Such right may be provided to any such holder in either or both of the following formats:

(i) STOCK WITHHOLDING: The election to have the Corporation withhold, from the shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon the exercise of such Non-Statutory Option or the vesting of such shares, a portion of those shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of the Taxes (not to exceed one hundred percent (100%)) designated by the holder.

(ii) STOCK DELIVERY: The election to deliver to the Corporation, at the time the Non-Statutory Option is exercised or the shares vest, one or more shares of Common Stock previously acquired by such holder (other than in connection with the option exercise or share vesting triggering the Taxes) with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of the Taxes (not to exceed one hundred percent (100%)) designated by the holder.

III. EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERM OF THE PLAN

A. The Plan became effective with respect to the Discretionary Option Grant and the Stock Issuance Programs immediately upon the Plan Effective Date. The Automatic Option Grant Program under the Plan became effective on the Underwriting Date. Options may be granted under the Discretionary Option Grant Program at any time on or after the Plan Effective Date. In addition, the initial option grants under the Automatic Option Grant Program were made on the Underwriting Date to each Eligible Director at that time.

B. The Plan shall serve as the successor to the Predecessor Plan, and no further option grants or direct stock issuances shall be made under the Predecessor Plan after the Plan Effective Date. All options outstanding under the Predecessor Plan as of such date shall be incorporated into the Plan at that time and shall be treated as outstanding options under the Plan.

 

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However, each outstanding option so incorporated shall continue to be governed solely by the terms of the documents evidencing such option, and no provision of the Plan shall be deemed to affect or otherwise modify the rights or obligations of the holders of such incorporated options with respect to their acquisition of shares of Common Stock.

C. One or more provisions of the Plan, including (without limitation) the option/vesting acceleration provisions of Article Two relating to Corporate Transactions and Changes in Control, may, in the Plan Administrator’s discretion, be extended to one or more options incorporated from the Predecessor Plan which do not otherwise contain such provisions.

D. The Plan shall terminate upon the earliest of (i) December 31, 2005, (ii) the date on which all shares available for issuance under the Plan shall have been issued pursuant to the exercise of the options or the issuance of shares (whether vested or unvested) under the Plan or (iii) the termination of all outstanding options in connection with a Corporate Transaction. Upon such Plan termination, all outstanding stock options and unvested stock issuances shall continue to have force and effect in accordance with the provisions of the documents evidencing such options or issuances.

IV. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN

A. The Board shall have complete and exclusive power and authority to amend or modify the Plan in any or all respects. However, no such amendment or modification shall adversely affect any rights and obligations with respect to options, stock appreciation rights or unvested stock issuances at the time outstanding under the Plan unless the Optionee or the Participant consents to such amendment or modification. In addition, certain amendments may require stockholder approval pursuant to applicable laws or regulations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the approval of the holders of not less than a majority of the outstanding common stock of the Corporation entitled to vote shall be required to take the following actions:

(i) amend the Plan to materially modify the requirements for eligibility under the Plan;

(ii) amend the Plan to materially increase the number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued over the term of the Plan; or

(iii) amend the Plan to materially increase the benefits accruing to participants under the Plan as such benefits are currently set forth in the Plan.

B. Options to purchase shares of Common Stock may be granted under the Discretionary Option Grant Program and shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance

Program that are in each instance in excess of the number of shares then available for issuance under the Plan, provided any excess shares actually issued under those programs are held in escrow until there is obtained stockholder approval of an amendment sufficiently increasing the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan. If such stockholder approval is not obtained within twelve (12) months after the date the first such excess grants or issuances are made, then (i) any unexercised options granted on the basis of such excess shares shall terminate and cease to be outstanding and (ii) the Corporation shall promptly refund to the Optionees and the Participants the exercise or purchase price paid for any excess shares issued under the Plan and held in escrow, together with interest (at the applicable Short-Term Federal Rate) for the period the shares were held in escrow, and such shares shall thereupon be automatically canceled and cease to be outstanding.

V. USE OF PROCEEDS

Any cash proceeds received by the Corporation from the sale of shares of Common Stock under the Plan shall be used for general corporate purposes.

 

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VI. REGULATORY APPROVALS

A. The implementation of the Plan, the granting of any option or stock appreciation right under the Plan and the issuance of any shares of Common Stock (i) upon the exercise of any option or stock appreciation right or (ii) under the Stock Issuance Program shall be subject to the Corporation’s procurement of all approvals and permits required by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the Plan, the options and stock appreciation rights granted under it and the shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to it.

B. No shares of Common Stock or other assets shall be issued or delivered under the Plan unless and until there shall have been compliance with all applicable requirements of Federal and state securities laws, including the filing and effectiveness of the Form S-8 registration statement for the shares of Common Stock issuable under the Plan, and all applicable listing requirements of any stock exchange (or the Nasdaq National Market, if applicable) on which Common Stock is then listed for trading.

VII. NO EMPLOYMENT/SERVICE RIGHTS

Nothing in the Plan shall confer upon the Optionee or the Participant any right to continue in Service for any period of specific duration or interfere with or otherwise restrict in any way the rights of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary employing or retaining such person) or of the Optionee or the Participant, which rights are hereby expressly reserved by each, to terminate such person’s Service at any time for any reason, with or without cause.

 

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APPENDIX

The following definitions shall be in effect under the Plan:

A. AUTOMATIC OPTION GRANT PROGRAM shall mean the automatic option grant program in effect under the Plan.

B. BOARD shall mean the Corporation’s Board of Directors.

C. CHANGE IN CONTROL shall mean a change in ownership or control of the Corporation effected through either of the following transactions:

(i) the acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or related group of persons (other than the Corporation or a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Corporation), of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the 1934 Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Corporation’s outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Corporation’s stockholders, or

(ii) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of thirty-six (36) consecutive months or less such that a majority of the Board members ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be comprised of individuals who either (A) have been Board members continuously since the beginning of such period or (B) have been elected or nominated for election as Board members during such period by at least a majority of the Board members described in clause (A) who were still in office at the time the Board approved such election or nomination.

D. CODE shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

E. COMMON STOCK shall mean the Corporation’s common stock.

F. CORPORATE TRANSACTION shall mean either of the following stockholder-approved transactions to which the Corporation is a party:

(i) a merger or consolidation in which securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Corporation’s outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from the persons holding those securities immediately prior to such transaction; or

(ii) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s assets in complete liquidation or dissolution of the Corporation.

G. CORPORATION shall mean Polycom, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any corporate successor to all or substantially all of the assets or voting stock of Polycom, Inc. which shall by appropriate action adopt the Plan.

H. DISCRETIONARY OPTION GRANT PROGRAM shall mean the discretionary option grant program in effect under the Plan.

I. ELIGIBLE DIRECTOR shall mean a non-employee Board member eligible to participate in the Automatic Option Grant Program in accordance with the eligibility provisions of Article One.

J. EMPLOYEE shall mean an individual who is in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary), subject to the control and direction of the employer entity as to both the work to be performed and the manner and method of performance.

 

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K. EXERCISE DATE shall mean the date on which the Corporation shall have received written notice of the option exercise.

L. FAIR MARKET VALUE per share of Common Stock on any relevant date shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:

(i) If the Common Stock is at the time traded on the Nasdaq National Market, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price per share of Common Stock on the date in question, as such price is reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers on the Nasdaq National Market or any successor system. If there is no closing selling price for the Common Stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.

(ii) If the Common Stock is at the time listed on any Stock Exchange, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price per share of Common Stock on the date in question on the Stock Exchange determined by the Plan Administrator to be the primary market for the Common Stock, as such price is officially quoted in the composite tape of transactions on such exchange. If there is no closing selling price for the Common Stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.

(iii) For purposes of any option grants made on the Underwriting Date, the Fair Market Value shall be deemed to be equal to the price per share at which the Common Stock is to be sold in the initial public offering pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement.

(iv) For purposes of any option grants made prior to the Underwriting Date, the Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Plan Administrator, taking into account such factors as it deems appropriate.

M. HOSTILE TAKE-OVER shall mean a change in ownership of the Corporation effected through the direct or indirect acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than the Corporation or a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Corporation) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the 1934 Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Corporation’s outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Corporation’s stockholders which the Board does not recommend such stockholders to accept.

N. INCENTIVE OPTION shall mean an option which satisfies the requirements of Code Section 422.

O. INVOLUNTARY TERMINATION shall mean the termination of the Service of any individual which occurs by reason of:

(i) such individual’s involuntary dismissal or discharge by the Corporation for reasons other than Misconduct, or

(ii) such individual’s voluntary resignation following (A) a change in his or her position with the Corporation which materially reduces his or her level of responsibility, (B) a reduction in his or her level of compensation (including base salary, fringe benefits and participation in corporate-performance based bonus or incentive programs) by more than fifteen percent (15%) or (C) a relocation of such individual’s place of employment by more than fifty (50) miles, provided and only if such change, reduction or relocation is effected by the Corporation without the individual’s consent.

P. MISCONDUCT shall mean the commission of any act of fraud, embezzlement or dishonesty by the Optionee or Participant, any unauthorized use or disclosure by such person of confidential information or trade secrets of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary), or any other intentional misconduct by such person adversely affecting the business or affairs of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) in a material manner. The foregoing definition shall

 

-17-


not be deemed to be inclusive of all the acts or omissions which the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) may consider as grounds for the dismissal or discharge of any Optionee, Participant or other person in the Service of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

Q. 1934 ACT shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

R. NON-STATUTORY OPTION shall mean an option not intended to satisfy the requirements of Code Section 422.

S. OPTIONEE shall mean any person to whom an option is granted under the Discretionary Option Grant or Automatic Option Grant Program.

T. PARENT shall mean any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of corporations ending with the Corporation, provided each corporation in the unbroken chain (other than the Corporation) owns, at the time of the determination, stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such chain.

U. PARTICIPANT shall mean any person who is issued shares of Common Stock under the Stock Issuance Program.

V. PERMANENT DISABILITY OR PERMANENTLY DISABLED shall mean the inability of the Optionee or the Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected to result in death or to be of continuous duration of twelve (12) months or more. However, solely for the purposes of the Automatic Option Grant Program, Permanent Disability or Permanently Disabled shall mean the inability of the non-employee Board member to perform his or her usual duties as a Board member by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected to result in death or to be of continuous duration of twelve (12) months or more.

W. PLAN shall mean the Corporation’s 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, as set forth in this document.

X. PLAN ADMINISTRATOR shall mean the particular entity, whether the Board, the Primary Committee or the Secondary Committee, which is authorized to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to one or more classes of eligible persons, to the extent such entity is carrying out its administrative functions under those programs with respect to the persons under its jurisdiction.

Y. PLAN EFFECTIVE DATE shall mean March 5, 1996, the date on which the Plan was adopted by the Board.

Z. PREDECESSOR PLAN shall mean the Corporation’s existing 1991 Stock Option Plan.

AA. PRIMARY COMMITTEE shall mean the committee of two (2) or more non-employee Board members appointed by the Board to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to Section 16 Insiders.

AB. SECONDARY COMMITTEE shall mean a committee of at least one (1) Board member appointed by the Board to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to eligible persons other than Section 16 Insiders.

AC. SECTION 12(g) REGISTRATION DATE shall mean the date on which the Common Stock was first registered under Section 12(g) of the 1934 Act.

AD. SECTION 16 INSIDER shall mean an officer or director of the Corporation subject to the short-swing profit liabilities of Section 16 of the 1934 Act.

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AE. SERVICE shall mean the provision of services to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) by a person in the capacity of an Employee, a non-employee member of the board of directors or a consultant or independent advisor, except to the extent otherwise specifically provided in the documents evidencing the option grant or stock issuance.

AF. STOCK EXCHANGE shall mean either the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock Exchange.

AG. STOCK ISSUANCE AGREEMENT shall mean the agreement entered into by the Corporation and the Participant at the time of issuance of shares of Common Stock under the Stock Issuance Program.

AH. STOCK ISSUANCE PROGRAM shall mean the stock issuance program in effect under the Plan.

AI. SUBSIDIARY shall mean any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of corporations beginning with the Corporation, provided each corporation (other than the last corporation) in the unbroken chain owns, at the time of the determination, stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such chain.

AJ. TAKE-OVER PRICE shall mean the GREATER of (i) the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date the option is surrendered to the Corporation in connection with a Hostile Take-Over or (ii) the highest reported price per share of Common Stock paid by the tender offeror in effecting such Hostile Take-Over. However, if the surrendered option is an Incentive Option, the Take-Over Price shall not exceed the clause (i) price per share.

AK. TAXES shall mean the Federal, state and local income and employment tax liabilities incurred by the holder of Non-Statutory Options or unvested shares of Common Stock in connection with the exercise of those options or the vesting of those shares.

AL. 10% STOCKHOLDER shall mean the owner of stock (as determined under Code Section 424(d)) possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

AM. UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT shall mean the agreement between the Corporation and the underwriter or underwriters managing the initial public offering of the Common Stock.

AN. UNDERWRITING DATE shall mean April 29, 1996, the date on which the Underwriting Agreement was executed and priced in connection with an initial public offering of the Common Stock.

 

-19-

EX-10.21 3 dex1021.htm POLYCOM, INC. 2004 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN, AS AMENDED Polycom, Inc. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended

Exhibit 10.21

POLYCOM, INC.

2004 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

(February 7, 2006 Restatement)


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

                 Page
SECTION 1 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE    1
    

1.1

   Background and Effective Date    1
    

1.2

   Purpose of the Plan    1
SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS    1
    

2.1

   “1934 Act”    1
    

2.2

   “Award”    1
    

2.3

   “Award Agreement”    1
    

2.4

   “Board” or “Board of Directors”    1
    

2.5

   “Code”    1
    

2.6

   “Committee”    2
    

2.7

   “Company”    2
    

2.8

   “Consultant”    2
    

2.9

   “Director”    2
    

2.10

   “Disability”    2
    

2.11

   “Earnings Per Share”    2
    

2.12

   “Employee”    2
    

2.13

   “Exchange Program”    2
    

2.14

   “Exercise Price”    2
    

2.15

   “Fair Market Value”    2
    

2.16

   “Fiscal Year”    2
    

2.17

   “Grant Date”    3
    

2.18

   “Incentive Stock Option”    3
    

2.19

   “Nonemployee Director”    3
    

2.20

   “Nonqualified Stock Option”    3
    

2.21

   “Option”    3
    

2.22

   “Participant”    3
    

2.23

   “Performance Goals”    3
    

2.24

   “Performance Period”    3
    

2.25

   “Performance Share”    3
    

2.26

   “Performance Unit”    3
    

2.27

   “Period of Restriction”    3
    

2.28

   “Plan”    4
    

2.29

   “Profit After Tax”    4
    

2.30

   “Restricted Stock”    4
    

2.31

   “Retirement”    4
    

2.32

   “Return on Equity”    4
    

2.33

   “Revenue”    4
    

2.34

   “Rule 16b-3”    4
    

2.35

   “Section 16 Person”    4
    

2.36

   “Shares”    4
    

2.37

   “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR”    4

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

                 Page
     2.38    “Subsidiary”    4
     2.39    “Termination of Service”    4
     2.40    “Total Shareholder Return”    5

SECTION 3 ADMINISTRATION

   5
     3.1    The Committee    5
     3.2    Authority of the Committee    5
     3.3    Delegation by the Committee    5
     3.4    Decisions Binding    5

SECTION 4 SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

   6
     4.1    Number of Shares    6
     4.2    Lapsed Awards    6
     4.3    Adjustments in Awards and Authorized Shares    6
SECTION 5 STOCK OPTIONS    6
     5.1    Grant of Options    6
     5.2    Award Agreement    7
     5.3    Exercise Price    7
     5.4    Expiration of Options    7
     5.5    Exercisability of Options    8
     5.6    Payment    8
     5.7    Restrictions on Share Transferability    8
     5.8    Certain Additional Provisions for Incentive Stock Options    8
SECTION 6 STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS    9
     6.1    Grant of SARs    9
     6.2    SAR Agreement    9
     6.3    Expiration of SARs    9
     6.4    Payment of SAR Amount    9
SECTION 7 RESTRICTED STOCK    10
     7.1    Grant of Restricted Stock    10
     7.2    Restricted Stock Agreement    10
     7.3    Transferability    10
     7.4    Other Restrictions    10
     7.5    Removal of Restrictions    11
     7.6    Voting Rights    11
     7.7    Dividends and Other Distributions    11
     7.8    Return of Restricted Stock to Company    11

SECTION 8 PERFORMANCE UNITS

   11
     8.1    Grant of Performance Units    11
     8.2    Value of Performance Units    11

 

-ii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

                 Page
    

8.3

   Performance Objectives and Other Terms    11
    

8.4

   Earning of Performance Units    12
    

8.5

   Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Units    12
    

8.6

   Cancellation of Performance Units    12
SECTION 9 PERFORMANCE SHARES    12
    

9.1

   Grant of Performance Shares    12
    

9.2

   Value of Performance Shares    13
    

9.3

   Performance Share Agreement    13
    

9.4

   Performance Objectives and Other Terms    13
    

9.5

   Earning of Performance Shares    13
    

9.6

   Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Shares    14
    

9.7

   Cancellation of Performance Shares    14
SECTION 10 NONEMPLOYEE DIRECTOR OPTIONS    14
    

10.1

   Granting of Options    14
    

10.2

   Terms of Options    14
    

10.3

   Elections by Nonemployee Directors    15
SECTION 11 MISCELLANEOUS    16
    

11.1

   Deferrals    16
    

11.2

   No Effect on Employment or Service    16
    

11.3

   Participation    16
    

11.4

   Indemnification    16
    

11.5

   Successors    16
    

11.6

   Beneficiary Designations    16
    

11.7

   Limited Transferability of Awards    17
    

11.8

   No Rights as Stockholder    17

SECTION 12 AMENDMENT, TERMINATION, AND DURATION

   17
    

12.1

   Amendment, Suspension, or Termination    17
    

12.2

   Duration of the Plan    17

SECTION 13 TAX WITHHOLDING

   17
    

13.1

   Withholding Requirements    17
    

13.2

   Withholding Arrangements    17

SECTION 14 LEGAL CONSTRUCTION

   18
    

14.1

   Gender and Number    18
    

14.2

   Severability    18
    

14.3

   Requirements of Law    18
    

14.4

   Securities Law Compliance    18
    

14.5

   Governing Law    18
    

14.6

   Captions    18

EXECUTION

   18

 

-iii-


POLYCOM, INC.

2004 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

(February 7, 2006 Restatement)

SECTION 1

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

1.1 Background and Effective Date. The Plan permits the grant of Nonqualified Stock Options, Incentive Stock Options, SARs, Restricted Stock, Performance Units, and Performance Shares. The Plan is effective as of June 2, 2004 upon approval by an affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Shares that are present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company.

1.2 Purpose of the Plan. The Plan is intended to attract, motivate, and retain (a) employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (b) consultants who provide significant services to the Company and its Subsidiaries, and (c) directors of the Company who are employees of neither the Company nor any Subsidiary. The Plan also is designed to encourage stock ownership by Participants, thereby aligning their interests with those of the Company’s shareholders and to permit the payment of compensation that qualifies as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code.

SECTION 2

DEFINITIONS

The following words and phrases shall have the following meanings unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context:

2.1 “1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Reference to a specific section of the 1934 Act or regulation thereunder shall include such section or regulation, any valid regulation promulgated under such section, and any comparable provision of any future legislation or regulation amending, supplementing or superseding such section or regulation.

2.2 “Award” means, individually or collectively, a grant under the Plan of Incentive Stock Options, Nonqualified Stock Options, SARs, Restricted Stock, Performance Units, or Performance Shares.

2.3 “Award Agreement” means the written agreement setting forth the terms and conditions applicable to each Award granted under the Plan.

2.4 “Board” or “Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.5 “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Reference to a specific section of the Code or regulation thereunder shall include such section or regulation, any valid regulation promulgated under such section, and any comparable provision of any future legislation or regulation amending, supplementing or superseding such section or regulation.


2.6 “Committee” means the committee appointed by the Board (pursuant to Section 3.1) to administer the Plan.

2.7 “Company” means Polycom, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or any successor thereto.

2.8 “Consultant” means any consultant, independent contractor, or other person who provides significant services to the Company or its Subsidiaries, but who is neither an Employee nor a Director.

2.9 “Director” means any individual who is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.10 “Disability” means a permanent disability in accordance with a policy or policies established by the Committee (in its discretion) from time to time.

2.11 “Earnings Per Share” means as to any Performance Period, the Company’s Profit After Tax, divided by a weighted average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive common equivalent shares deemed outstanding, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

2.12 “Employee” means any employee of the Company or of a Subsidiary, whether such employee is so employed at the time the Plan is adopted or becomes so employed subsequent to the adoption of the Plan.

2.13 “Exchange Program” means a program established by the Committee under which outstanding Awards are amended to provide for a lower Exercise Price or surrendered or cancelled in exchange for (a) Awards with a lower Exercise Price, (b) a different type of Award, (c) cash, or (d) a combination of (a), (b) and/or (c). Notwithstanding the preceding, the term Exchange Program does not include any (i) program under which an outstanding Award is surrendered or cancelled in exchange for a different type of Award and/or cash having a total value equal to or less than the value of the surrendered or cancelled Award, (ii) action described in Section 4.3, nor (iii) transfer or other disposition permitted under Section 11.7.

2.14 “Exercise Price” means the price at which a Share may be purchased by a Participant pursuant to the exercise of an Option.

2.15 “Fair Market Value” means the closing per share selling price for Shares on Nasdaq on the relevant date, or if there were no sales on such date, average of the closing sales prices on the immediately following and preceding trading dates, in either case as reported by The Wall Street Journal or such other source selected in the discretion of the Committee (or its delegate). Notwithstanding the preceding, for federal, state, and local income tax reporting purposes, fair market value shall be determined by the Committee (or its delegate) in accordance with uniform and nondiscriminatory standards adopted by it from time to time.

2.16 “Fiscal Year” means the fiscal year of the Company.

 

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2.17 “Grant Date” means, with respect to an Award, the date that the Award was granted. The Grant Date of an Award shall not be earlier than the date the Award is approved by the Committee.

2.18 “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option to purchase Shares that is designated as an Incentive Stock Option and is intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code.

2.19 “Nonemployee Director” means a Director who is an employee of neither the Company nor of any Subsidiary.

2.20 “Nonqualified Stock Option” means an option to purchase Shares that is not intended to be an Incentive Stock Option.

2.21 “Option” means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonqualified Stock Option.

2.22 “Participant” means an Employee, Consultant, or Nonemployee Director who has an outstanding Award.

2.23 “Performance Goals” means the goal(s) (or combined goal(s)) determined by the Committee (in its discretion) to be applicable to a Participant with respect to an Award. As determined by the Committee, the Performance Goals applicable to an Award may provide for a targeted level or levels of achievement using one or more of the following measures: (a) Earnings Per Share, (b) Profit After Tax, (c) Return on Equity, (d) Revenue, and (e) Total Shareholder Return. The Performance Goals may differ from Participant to Participant and from Award to Award. Any criteria used may be measured, as applicable, (i) in absolute terms, (ii) in relative terms (including, but not limited to, passage of time and/or against another company or companies), (iii) on a per-share basis, (iv) against the performance of the Company as a whole or a business unit of the Company and/or (v) on a pre-tax or after-tax basis. Prior to the Determination Date, the Committee shall determine whether any element(s) or item(s) shall be included in or excluded from the calculation of any Performance Goal with respect to any Participants.

2.24 “Performance Period” means any Fiscal Year or such longer period as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

2.25 “Performance Share” means an Award granted to a Participant pursuant to Section 9.

2.26 “Performance Unit” means an Award granted to a Participant pursuant to Section 8.

2.27 “Period of Restriction” means the period during which the transfer of Shares of Restricted Stock are subject to restrictions and therefore, the Shares are subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture. As provided in Section 7, such restrictions may be based on the passage of time, the achievement of target levels of performance, or the occurrence of other events as determined by the Committee, in its discretion.

 

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2.28 “Plan” means the Polycom, Inc. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, as set forth in this instrument and as hereafter amended from time to time.

2.29 “Profit After Tax” means as to any Performance Period, the Company’s income after taxes, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

2.30 “Restricted Stock” means an Award granted to a Participant pursuant to Section 7.

2.31 “Retirement” means, in the case of an Employee or a Nonemployee Director a Termination of Service occurring in accordance with a policy or policies established by the Committee (in its discretion) from time to time. With respect to a Consultant, no Termination of Service shall be deemed to be on account of “Retirement.”

2.32 “Return on Equity” means as to any Performance Period, the percentage equal to the Company’s Profit After Tax divided by average stockholder’s equity, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

2.33 “Revenue” means as to any Performance Period, the Company’s net revenues generated from third parties, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

2.34 “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the 1934 Act, and any future regulation amending, supplementing or superseding such regulation.

2.35 “Section 16 Person” means a person who, with respect to the Shares, is subject to Section 16 of the 1934 Act.

2.36 “Shares” means the shares of common stock of the Company.

2.37 “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means an Award, granted alone or in connection with a related Option, that pursuant to Section 6 is designated as an SAR.

2.38 “Subsidiary” means any corporation in an unbroken chain of corporations beginning with the Company as the corporation at the top of the chain, but only if each of the corporations below the Company (other than the last corporation in the unbroken chain) then owns stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such chain.

2.39 “Termination of Service” means (a) in the case of an Employee, a cessation of the employee-employer relationship between the Employee and the Company or a Subsidiary for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, Disability, Retirement, or the disaffiliation of a Subsidiary, but excluding any such termination where there is a simultaneous reemployment by the Company or a Subsidiary; (b) in the case of a Consultant, a cessation of the service relationship between the Consultant and the Company or a Subsidiary for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation,

 

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discharge, death, Disability, or the disaffiliation of a Subsidiary, but excluding any such termination where there is a simultaneous re-engagement of the consultant by the Company or a Subsidiary; and (c) in the case of a Nonemployee Director, a cessation of the Director’s service on the Board for any reason, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, death, Disability, Retirement or non-reelection to the Board.

2.40 “Total Shareholder Return” means as to any Performance Period, the total return (change in share price plus reinvestment of any dividends) of a Share.

SECTION 3

ADMINISTRATION

3.1 The Committee. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. The Committee shall consist of not less than two (2) Directors who shall be appointed from time to time by, and shall serve at the pleasure of, the Board of Directors. The Committee shall be comprised solely of Directors who are (a) ”outside directors” under Section 162(m), and (b) ”non-employee directors” under Rule 16b-3.

3.2 Authority of the Committee. It shall be the duty of the Committee to administer the Plan in accordance with the Plan’s provisions. The Committee shall have all powers and discretion necessary or appropriate to administer the Plan and to control its operation, including, but not limited to, the power to (a) determine which Employees, Consultants and directors shall be granted Awards, (b) prescribe the terms and conditions of the Awards, (c) interpret the Plan and the Awards, (d) adopt such procedures and subplans as are necessary or appropriate to permit participation in the Plan by Employees, Consultants and Directors who are foreign nationals or employed outside of the United States, (e) adopt rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith, and (f) interpret, amend or revoke any such rules. Notwithstanding the preceding, the Committee shall not implement an Exchange Program without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Shares that are present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at any Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders of the Company.

3.3 Delegation by the Committee. The Committee, in its sole discretion and on such terms and conditions as it may provide, may delegate all or any part of its authority and powers under the Plan to one or more Directors or officers of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to Awards that are intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee may not delegate its authority and powers with respect to such Awards if such delegation would cause the Awards to fail to so qualify.

3.4 Decisions Binding. All determinations and decisions made by the Committee, the Board, and any delegate of the Committee pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be final, conclusive, and binding on all persons, and shall be given the maximum deference permitted by law.

 

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SECTION 4

SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

4.1 Number of Shares. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3, the total number of Shares available issuance under the Plan shall equal the sum of (a) 12,500,000, (b) the number of Shares (not to exceed 2,700,000) that remain available for grant under the Company’s 1996 Stock Incentive Plan as of June 2, 2004, and (c) any Shares (not to exceed 11,991,366) that otherwise would have been returned to the 1996 Stock Incentive Plan after June 1, 2004 on account of the expiration, cancellation or forfeiture of awards granted under the 1996 Stock Incentive Plan. No more than fifty percent (50%) of the Shares available under the Plan may be issued pursuant to Awards that are not Options or SARs. Shares granted under the Plan may be either authorized but unissued Shares or treasury Shares.

4.2 Lapsed Awards. If an Award is settled in cash, or is cancelled, terminates, expires, or lapses for any reason, any Shares subject to such Award again shall be available to be the subject of an Award, except as determined by the Committee.

4.3 Adjustments in Awards and Authorized Shares. In the event that any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares such that an adjustment is determined by the Committee (in its sole discretion) to be appropriate in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the Plan, then the Committee shall, in such manner as it may deem equitable, adjust the number and class of Shares which may be delivered under the Plan, the number and class of Shares which may be added annually to the Shares reserved under the Plan, the number, class, and price of Shares subject to outstanding Awards, and the numerical limits of Sections 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1 and 10.1. Notwithstanding the preceding, the number of Shares subject to any Award always shall be a whole number.

SECTION 5

STOCK OPTIONS

5.1 Grant of Options. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan, Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants at any time and from time to time as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine the number of Shares subject to each Option, provided that during any Fiscal Year, no Participant shall be granted Options (and/or SARs) covering more than a total of 750,000 Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, during the Fiscal Year in which a Participant first becomes an Employee, he or she may be granted Options (and/or SARs) to purchase up to a total of an additional 750,000 Shares. The Committee may grant Incentive Stock Options, Nonqualified Stock Options, or a combination thereof.

 

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5.2 Award Agreement. Each Option shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify the Exercise Price, the expiration date of the Option, the number of Shares covered by the Option, any conditions to exercise the Option, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its discretion, shall determine. The Award Agreement shall also specify whether the Option is intended to be an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonqualified Stock Option.

5.3 Exercise Price. Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.3, the Exercise Price for each Option shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

5.3.1 Nonqualified Stock Options. The Exercise Price of each Nonqualified Stock option shall be determined by the Committee in its discretion but shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date.

5.3.2 Incentive Stock Options. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, the Exercise Price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date; provided, however, that if on the Grant Date, the Employee (together with persons whose stock ownership is attributed to the Employee pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Exercise Price shall be not less than one hundred and ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date.

5.3.3 Substitute Options. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.3.2, in the event that the Company or a Subsidiary consummates a transaction described in Section 424(a) of the Code (e.g., the acquisition of property or stock from an unrelated corporation), persons who become Employees, Nonemployee Directors or Consultants on account of such transaction may be granted Options in substitution for options granted by their former employer. If such substitute Options are granted, the Committee, in its sole discretion and consistent with Section 424(a) of the Code, may determine that such substitute Options shall have an exercise price less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the Grant Date.

5.4 Expiration of Options.

5.4.1 Expiration Dates. Each Option shall terminate no later than the first to occur of the following events:

(a) The date for termination of the Option set forth in the written Award Agreement; or

(b) The expiration of ten (10) years from the Grant Date.

5.4.2 Death of Participant. Notwithstanding Section 5.4.1, if a Participant dies prior to the expiration of his or her Options, the Committee, in its discretion, may provide that his or her Options shall be exercisable for up to three (3) years after the date of death.

 

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5.4.3 Committee Discretion. Subject to the ten and thirteen-year limits of Sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2, the Committee, in its sole discretion, (a) shall provide in each Award Agreement when each Option expires and becomes unexercisable, and (b) may, after an Option is granted, extend the maximum term of the Option (subject to Section 5.8.4 regarding Incentive Stock Options).

5.5 Exercisability of Options. Options granted under the Plan shall be exercisable at such times and be subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Committee shall determine in its sole discretion. After an Option is granted, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may accelerate the exercisability of the Option.

5.6 Payment. Options shall be exercised by the Participant giving notice and following such procedures as the Company (or its designee) may specify from time to time. Exercise of an Option also requires that the Participant make arrangements satisfactory to the Company for full payment of the Exercise Price for the Shares. All exercise notices shall be given in the form and manner specified by the Company from time to time.

The Exercise Price shall be payable to the Company in full in cash or its equivalent. The Committee, in its sole discretion, also may permit exercise (a) by tendering previously acquired Shares having an aggregate Fair Market Value at the time of exercise equal to the total Exercise Price, or (b) by any other means which the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to both provide legal consideration for the Shares, and to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan. As soon as practicable after receipt of a notification of exercise satisfactory to the Company and full payment for the Shares purchased, the Company shall deliver to the Participant (or the Participant’s designated broker), Share certificates (which may be in book entry form) representing such Shares.

5.7 Restrictions on Share Transferability. The Committee may impose such restrictions on any Shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Option as it may deem advisable, including, but not limited to, restrictions related to applicable federal securities laws, the requirements of any national securities exchange or system upon which Shares are then listed or traded, or any blue sky or state securities laws.

5.8 Certain Additional Provisions for Incentive Stock Options.

5.8.1 Exercisability. The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined on the Grant Date(s)) of the Shares with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Employee during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its Subsidiaries) shall not exceed $100,000.

5.8.2 Termination of Service. No Incentive Stock Option may be exercised more than three (3) months after the Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason other than Disability or death, unless (a) the Participant dies during such three-month period, and/or (b) the Award Agreement or the Committee permits later exercise (in which case the Option instead may be deemed to be a Nonqualified Stock Option). No Incentive Stock Option may be exercised more than one (1) year after the Participant’s Termination of Service on account of Disability, unless (a) the

 

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Participant dies during such one-year period, and/or (b) the Award Agreement or the Committee permit later exercise (in which case the option instead may be deemed to be a Nonqualified Stock Option).

5.8.3 Employees Only. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to persons who are Employees on the Grant Date.

5.8.4 Expiration. No Incentive Stock Option may be exercised after the expiration of ten (10) years from the Grant Date; provided, however, that if the Option is granted to an Employee who, together with persons whose stock ownership is attributed to the Employee pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code, owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of the stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Option may not be exercised after the expiration of five (5) years from the Grant Date.

SECTION 6

STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

6.1 Grant of SARs. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, a SAR may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants at any time and from time to time as shall be determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.

6.1.1 Number of Shares. The Committee shall have complete discretion to determine the number of SARs granted to any Participant, provided that during any Fiscal Year, no Participant shall be granted SARs (and/or Options) covering more than a total of 750,000 Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, during the Fiscal Year in which a Participant first becomes an Employee, he or she may be granted SARs (and/or Options) covering up to a total of an additional 750,000 Shares.

6.1.2 Exercise Price and Other Terms. The Committee, subject to the provisions of the Plan, shall have complete discretion to determine the terms and conditions of SARs granted under the Plan. The Exercise Price of each SAR shall be determined by the Committee in its discretion but shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date.

6.2 SAR Agreement. Each SAR grant shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify the exercise price, the term of the SAR, the conditions of exercise, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine.

6.3 Expiration of SARs. An SAR granted under the Plan shall expire upon the date determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, and set forth in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the rules of Section 5.4 also shall apply to SARs.

6.4 Payment of SAR Amount. Upon exercise of an SAR, a Participant shall be entitled to receive payment from the Company in an amount determined by multiplying:

(a) The difference between the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of exercise over the exercise price; times

 

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(b) The number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. At the discretion of the Committee, the payment upon SAR exercise may be in cash, in Shares of equivalent value, or in some combination thereof.

SECTION 7

RESTRICTED STOCK

7.1 Grant of Restricted Stock. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan, the Committee, at any time and from time to time, may grant Shares of Restricted Stock to Employees, Directors and Consultants as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine the number of Shares to be granted to each Participant, provided that during any Fiscal Year, no Participant shall receive more than a total of 375,000 Shares of Restricted Stock (and/or Performance Shares). Notwithstanding the foregoing, during the Fiscal Year in which a Participant first becomes an Employee, he or she may be granted up to a total of an additional 375,000 Shares of Restricted Stock (and/or Performance Shares).

7.2 Restricted Stock Agreement. Each Award of Restricted Stock shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify the Period of Restriction, the number of Shares granted, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine. Unless the Committee determines otherwise, Shares of Restricted Stock shall be held by the Company as escrow agent until the restrictions on such Shares have lapsed.

7.3 Transferability. Except as provided in this Section 7, Shares of Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until the end of the applicable Period of Restriction.

7.4 Other Restrictions. The Committee, in its sole discretion, may impose such other restrictions on Shares of Restricted Stock as it may deem advisable or appropriate, in accordance with this Section 7.4.

7.4.1 General Restrictions. The Committee may set restrictions based upon continued employment or service with the Company and its affiliates, the achievement of specific performance objectives (Company-wide, departmental, or individual), applicable federal or state securities laws, or any other basis determined by the Committee in its discretion.

7.4.2 Section 162(m) Performance Restrictions. For purposes of qualifying grants of Restricted Stock as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee, in its discretion, may set restrictions based upon the achievement of Performance Goals. The Performance Goals shall be set by the Committee on or before the latest date permissible to enable the Restricted Stock to qualify as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code. In granting Restricted Stock which is intended to qualify under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee shall follow any procedures determined by it from time to time to be necessary or appropriate to ensure qualification of the Restricted Stock under Section 162(m) of the Code (e.g., in determining the Performance Goals).

 

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7.4.3 Legend on Certificates. The Committee, in its discretion, may legend the certificates representing Restricted Stock to give appropriate notice of such restrictions.

7.5 Removal of Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 7, Shares of Restricted Stock covered by each Restricted Stock grant made under the Plan shall be released from escrow as soon as practicable after the last day of the Period of Restriction. The Committee, in its discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions shall lapse or be removed. After the restrictions have lapsed, the Participant shall be entitled to have any legend or legends under Section 7.4.3 removed from his or her Share certificate, and the Shares shall be freely transferable by the Participant. The Committee (in its discretion) may establish procedures regarding the release of Shares from escrow and the removal of legends, as necessary or appropriate to minimize administrative burdens on the Company

7.6 Voting Rights. During the Period of Restriction, Participants holding Shares of Restricted Stock granted hereunder may exercise full voting rights with respect to those Shares, unless the Committee determines otherwise.

7.7 Dividends and Other Distributions. During the Period of Restriction, Participants holding Shares of Restricted Stock shall be entitled to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to such Shares unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement. Any such dividends or distribution shall be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and forfeitability as the Shares of Restricted Stock with respect to which they were paid, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement.

7.8 Return of Restricted Stock to Company. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, the Restricted Stock for which restrictions have not lapsed shall revert to the Company and again shall become available for grant under the Plan.

SECTION 8

PERFORMANCE UNITS

8.1 Grant of Performance Units. Performance Units may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants at any time and from time to time, as shall be determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion. The Committee shall have complete discretion in determining the number of Performance Units granted to each Participant provided that during any Fiscal Year, no Participant shall receive Performance Units having an initial value greater than $3,000,000.

8.2 Value of Performance Units. Each Performance Unit shall have an initial value that is established by the Committee on or before the Grant Date.

8.3 Performance Objectives and Other Terms. The Committee, in its discretion, shall set performance objectives or other vesting criteria which, depending on the extent to which they are

 

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met, will determine the number or value of Performance Units that will be paid out to the Participants. Each Award of Performance Units shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify the Performance Period, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine.

8.3.1 General Performance Objectives or Vesting Criteria. The Committee may set performance objectives or vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, departmental, or individual goals, applicable federal or state securities laws, or any other basis determined by the Committee in its discretion (for example, but not by way of limitation, continuous service as an Employee, Director or Consultant).

8.3.2 Section 162(m) Performance Objectives. For purposes of qualifying grants of Performance Units as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee, in its discretion, may determine that the performance objectives applicable to Performance Units shall be based on the achievement of Performance Goals. The Performance Goals shall be set by the Committee on or before the latest date permissible to enable the Performance Units to qualify as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code. In granting Performance Units that are intended to qualify under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee shall follow any procedures determined by it from time to time to be necessary or appropriate to ensure qualification of the Performance Units under Section 162(m) of the Code (e.g., in determining the Performance Goals).

8.4 Earning of Performance Units. After the applicable Performance Period has ended, the holder of Performance Units shall be entitled to receive a payout of the number of Performance Units earned by the Participant over the Performance Period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance objectives have been achieved. After the grant of a Performance Unit, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance objectives for such Performance Unit.

8.5 Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Units. Payment of earned Performance Units shall be made as soon as practicable after the expiration of the applicable Performance Period. The Committee, in its sole discretion, may pay earned Performance Units in the form of cash, in Shares (which have an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the value of the earned Performance Units at the close of the applicable Performance Period) or in a combination thereof.

8.6 Cancellation of Performance Units. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unearned or unvested Performance Units shall be forfeited to the Company, and again shall be available for grant under the Plan.

SECTION 9

PERFORMANCE SHARES

9.1 Grant of Performance Shares. Performance Shares may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants at any time and from time to time, as shall be determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion. The Committee shall have complete discretion in determining the

 

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number of Performance Shares granted to each Participant, provided that during any Fiscal Year, no Participant shall be granted more than a total of 375,000 Performance Shares (and/or Shares of Restricted Stock). Notwithstanding the foregoing, during the Fiscal Year in which a Participant first becomes an Employee, he or she may be granted up to a total of an additional 375,000 Performance Shares (and/or Shares of Restricted Stock).

9.2 Value of Performance Shares. Each Performance Share shall have an initial value equal to the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Grant Date.

9.3 Performance Share Agreement. Each Award of Performance Shares shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify any vesting conditions, the number of Performance Shares granted, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine.

9.4 Performance Objectives and Other Terms. The Committee, in its discretion, shall set performance objectives or other vesting criteria which, depending on the extent to which they are met, will determine the number or value of Performance Shares that will be paid out to the Participants. Each Award of Performance Shares shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify the Performance Period, and such other terms and conditions as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine.

9.4.1 General Performance Objectives or Vesting Criteria. The Committee may set performance objectives or vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, departmental, or individual goals, applicable federal or state securities laws, or any other basis determined by the Committee in its discretion (for example, but not by way of limitation, continuous service as an Employee, Director or Consultant).

9.4.2 Section 162(m) Performance Objectives. For purposes of qualifying grants of Performance Shares as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee, in its discretion, may determine that the performance objectives applicable to Performance Shares shall be based on the achievement of Performance Goals. The Performance Goals shall be set by the Committee on or before the latest date permissible to enable the Performance Shares to qualify as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code. In granting Performance Shares that are intended to qualify under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee shall follow any procedures determined by it from time to time to be necessary or appropriate to ensure qualification of the Performance Shares under Section 162(m) of the Code (e.g., in determining the Performance Goals).

9.5 Earning of Performance Shares. After the applicable Performance Period has ended, the holder of Performance Shares shall be entitled to receive a payout of the number of Performance Shares earned by the Participant over the Performance Period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance objectives have been achieved. After the grant of a Performance Share, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance objectives for such Performance Share.

 

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9.6 Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Shares. Payment of vested Performance Shares shall be made as soon as practicable after vesting (subject to any deferral permitted under Section 11.1). The Committee, in its sole discretion, may pay Performance Shares in the form of cash, in Shares or in a combination thereof.

9.7 Cancellation of Performance Shares. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unvested Performance Shares shall be forfeited to the Company, and except as otherwise determined by the Committee, again shall be available for grant under the Plan.

SECTION 10

NONEMPLOYEE DIRECTOR OPTIONS

10.1 Granting of Options.

10.1.1 Initial Grants. Each Nonemployee Director who first becomes a Nonemployee Director on or after the effective date of this Plan, automatically shall receive, as of the date that the individual first is appointed or elected as a Nonemployee Director, an Option to purchase 60,000 Shares.

10.1.2 Ongoing Grants. Each Nonemployee Director who is reelected as such at an Annual Meeting of the Company’s Stockholders, automatically shall receive, as of the date of such Annual Meeting, an Option to purchase 25,000 Shares.

10.2 Terms of Options.

10.2.1 Option Agreement. Each Option granted pursuant to this Section 10 shall be evidenced by a written Award Agreement between the Participant and the Company.

10.2.2 Exercise Price. The Exercise Price for the Shares subject to each Option granted pursuant to this Section 10 shall be 100% of the Fair Market Value of such Shares on the Grant Date.

10.2.3 Exercisability.

(a) Each Option granted pursuant to Section 10.1.1 shall become exercisable as to 25% of the Shares (covered by the Option on the Grant Date) on the first anniversary of the Grant Date, and as to an additional 25% of the Shares on each succeeding anniversary, so that the Option shall be 100% exercisable on the fourth anniversary of the Grant Date.

(b) Each Option granted pursuant to Section 10.1.2 shall become exercisable as to 1/12th of the Shares (covered by the Option on the Grant Date) on the first monthly anniversary of the Grant Date, and as to an additional 1/12th of the Shares on each succeeding anniversary, so that the Option shall be 100% exercisable on the first annual anniversary of the Grant Date.

 

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(c) Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Section 10.2.3, once a Participant ceases to be a Director, his or her Options which are not then exercisable shall never become exercisable and shall be immediately forfeited, except to the limited extent provided in Section 10.2.5.

10.2.4 Expiration of Options. Each Option granted pursuant to this Section 10 shall terminate upon the first to occur of the following events:

(a) The expiration of seven (7) years from the Grant Date; or

(b) The expiration of one (1) year from the date of the Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason.

10.2.5 Death or Disability of Participant and Accelerated Vesting. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 10.2.3 and 10.2.4, in the event of a Participant’s Termination of Service due to his or her death or Disability before any Options (granted to him or her under Section 10.1) otherwise have expired in accordance with Section 10.2.4, then (a) one hundred percent (100%) of the Shares covered by such Options immediately shall become exercisable, (b) in the case of Disability, such Options shall terminate one (1) year after the date of the Termination of Service (subject to the seven (7) year limit of Section 10.2.4), and (c) in the case of death, such options shall terminate one (1) year after the date of death. If there is a change of control of the Company (as determined by the Committee in its discretion) and the Participant is not asked to be a member of the board of directors of the acquiring or combined company, then any Options granted to him or her under Section 10.1 that have not expired in accordance with Section 10.2.4 immediately shall become one hundred percent (100%) exercisable and thereafter shall expire in accordance with Section 10.2.4.

10.2.6 Not Incentive Stock Options. Options granted pursuant to this Section 10 shall not be designated as Incentive Stock Options.

10.2.7 Other Terms. All provisions of the Plan not inconsistent with this Section 10 shall apply to Options granted to Nonemployee Directors.

10.3 Elections by Nonemployee Directors. Pursuant to such procedures as the Committee (in its discretion) may adopt from time to time, each Nonemployee Director may elect to forego receipt of all or a portion of the annual retainer, committee fees and meeting fees otherwise due to the Nonemployee Director in exchange for Awards. The number of Shares subject to Awards received by any Nonemployee Director shall equal the amount of foregone compensation divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date the compensation otherwise would have been paid to the Nonemployee Director, rounded up to the nearest whole number of Shares. The procedures adopted by the Committee for elections under this Section 10.3 shall be designed to ensure that any such election by a Nonemployee Director will not disqualify him or her as a “non-employee director” under Rule 16b-3.

 

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SECTION 11

MISCELLANEOUS

11.1 Deferrals. The Committee, in its sole discretion, may permit a Participant to defer receipt of the payment of cash or the delivery of Shares that would otherwise be due to such Participant under an Award. Any such deferral elections shall be subject to such rules and procedures as shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

11.2 No Effect on Employment or Service. Nothing in the Plan shall interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company to terminate any Participant’s employment or service at any time, with or without cause. For purposes of the Plan, transfer of employment of a Participant between the Company and any one of its Subsidiaries (or between Subsidiaries) shall not be deemed a Termination of Service. Employment with the Company and its Subsidiaries is on an at-will basis only.

11.3 Participation. No Employee, Director or Consultant shall have the right to be selected to receive an Award under this Plan, or, having been so selected, to be selected to receive a future Award.

11.4 Indemnification. Each person who is or shall have been a member of the Committee, or of the Board, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against and from (a) any loss, cost, liability, or expense that may be imposed upon or reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with or resulting from any claim, action, suit, or proceeding to which he or she may be a party or in which he or she may be involved by reason of any action taken or failure to act under the Plan or any Award Agreement, and (b) from any and all amounts paid by him or her in settlement thereof, with the Company’s approval, or paid by him or her in satisfaction of any judgment in any such claim, action, suit, or proceeding against him or her, provided he or she shall give the Company an opportunity, at its own expense, to handle and defend the same before he or she undertakes to handle and defend it on his or her own behalf. The foregoing right of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other rights of indemnification to which such persons may be entitled under the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, by contract, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or under any power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless.

11.5 Successors. All obligations of the Company under the Plan, with respect to Awards granted hereunder, shall be binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company.

11.6 Beneficiary Designations. If permitted by the Committee, a Participant under the Plan may name a beneficiary or beneficiaries to whom any vested but unpaid Award shall be paid in the event of the Participant’s death. Each such designation shall revoke all prior designations by the Participant and shall be effective only if given in a form and manner acceptable to the Committee. In the absence of any such designation, any vested benefits remaining unpaid at the Participant’s death shall be paid to the Participant’s estate and, subject to the terms of the Plan and of the applicable Award Agreement, any unexercised vested Award may be exercised by the administrator or executor of the Participant’s estate.

 

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11.7 Limited Transferability of Awards. No Award granted under the Plan may be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated, other than by will, by the laws of descent and distribution, or to the limited extent provided in Section 11.6. All rights with respect to an Award granted to a Participant shall be available during his or her lifetime only to the Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may, if the Committee (in its discretion) so permits, transfer an Award to an individual or entity other than the Company. Any such transfer shall be made in accordance with such procedures as the Committee may specify from time to time.

11.8 No Rights as Stockholder. Except to the limited extent provided in Sections 7.6, no Participant (nor any beneficiary) shall have any of the rights or privileges of a stockholder of the Company with respect to any Shares issuable pursuant to an Award (or exercise thereof), unless and until certificates representing such Shares shall have been issued, recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and delivered to the Participant (or beneficiary).

SECTION 12

AMENDMENT, TERMINATION, AND DURATION

12.1 Amendment, Suspension, or Termination. The Board, in its sole discretion, may amend, suspend or terminate the Plan, or any part thereof, at any time and for any reason. The amendment, suspension, or termination of the Plan shall not, without the consent of the Participant, alter or impair any rights or obligations under any Award theretofore granted to such Participant. No Award may be granted during any period of suspension or after termination of the Plan.

12.2 Duration of the Plan. The Plan shall be effective as of June 2, 2004, and subject to Section 12.1 (regarding the Board’s right to amend or terminate the Plan), shall remain in effect thereafter. However, without further stockholder approval, no Incentive Stock Option may be granted under the Plan after June 2, 2014.

SECTION 13

TAX WITHHOLDING

13.1 Withholding Requirements. Prior to the delivery of any Shares or cash pursuant to an Award (or exercise thereof), the Company shall have the power and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a Participant to remit to the Company, an amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, and local taxes (including the Participant’s FICA obligation) required to be withheld with respect to such Award (or exercise thereof).

13.2 Withholding Arrangements. The Committee, in its sole discretion and pursuant to such procedures as it may specify from time to time, may permit a Participant to satisfy such tax withholding obligation, in whole or in part by (a) electing to have the Company withhold otherwise deliverable Shares, or (b) delivering to the Company already-owned Shares having a Fair Market Value equal to the minimum amount required to be withheld.

 

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SECTION 14

LEGAL CONSTRUCTION

14.1 Gender and Number. Except where otherwise indicated by the context, any masculine term used herein also shall include the feminine; the plural shall include the singular and the singular shall include the plural.

14.2 Severability. In the event any provision of the Plan shall be held illegal or invalid for any reason, the illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining parts of the Plan, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if the illegal or invalid provision had not been included.

14.3 Requirements of Law. The granting of Awards and the issuance of Shares under the Plan shall be subject to all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, and to such approvals by any governmental agencies or national securities exchanges as may be required.

14.4 Securities Law Compliance. With respect to Section 16 Persons, transactions under this Plan are intended to qualify for the exemption provided by Rule 16b-3. To the extent any provision of the Plan, Award Agreement or action by the Committee fails to so comply, it shall be deemed null and void, to the extent permitted by law and deemed advisable or appropriate by the Committee.

14.5 Governing Law. The Plan and all Award Agreements shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of California (with the exception of its conflict of laws provisions).

14.6 Captions. Captions are provided herein for convenience only, and shall not serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of the Plan.

EXECUTION

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company, by its duly authorized officer, has executed this Plan on the date indicated below.

 

    POLYCOM, INC.
Dated: February 7, 2006   By  

/s/ Robert C. Hagerty

  Title:   Chief Executive Officer

 

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APPENDIX A

Terms and Conditions for French Option Grants

The following terms and conditions will apply in the case of Option grants to French residents and to those individuals who are otherwise subject to the laws of France who satisfy the eligibility requirements of Section 2 below.

SECTION 1

DEFINITIONS

As used in this Appendix A, the following definitions will apply:

1.1 “Applicable Laws” means the legal requirements relating to the administration of equity compensation plans under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and French corporate, securities, labor and tax laws.

1.2 “Employee” means (i) any person employed by the Company or a Subsidiary in a salaried position within the meaning Applicable Laws, who does not own more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, or any Parent or Subsidiary, and who is a resident of the Republic of France or (ii) any person employed by the Company or a Subsidiary who is a resident of the Republic of France for tax purposes or who performs his or her duties in France and is subject to French income social security contributions on his or her remuneration.

1.3 “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the dollar value of Common Stock determined as follows:

1.3.1 If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation the Nasdaq National Market of the Nasdaq Stock Market, its Fair Market Value will be the average quotation price for the last 20 days preceding the date of determination for such Common Stock (or the average closing bid for such 20 day period, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or system and reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Committee deems reliable;

1.3.2 If the Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Stock market (but not on the Nasdaq National Market thereof) or regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer but selling prices are not reported, its Fair Market Value will be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for the Common Stock for the last 20 days preceding the date of determination; or

1.3.3 In the absence of an established market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value thereof will be determined in good faith by the Committee.


1.4 “Subsidiary” means any participating subsidiary of the Company located in the Republic of France and that falls within the definition of “subsidiary” within the meaning of Section L. 225-180 paragraph 1 of the French commercial code.

1.5 “Termination of Service” means if the Participant is an Employee, the last day of any statutory or contractual notice period whether worked or not (provided, only the employer, and not the Participant, may decide whether the Participant works during the notice period) and irrespective of whether the termination of the employment agreement is due to resignation or dismissal of the Employee for any reason whatsoever; if the Participant is a corporate officer as defined in Section 2 of this Appendix A, Termination of Service means the date on which he or she effectively leaves his or her position as a corporate officer for any reason whatsoever.

SECTION 2

ELIGIBILITY

2.1 Eligibility. Options granted pursuant to this Appendix A may be granted only to Employees, the Président du conseil d’administration, the membres du directoire, the Directeur général, the directeurs généraux délégués, the Gérant of a company with capital divided by shares; provided, however, that the administrateurs and the membres du conseil de surveillance who are also Employees of the Subsidiary in accordance with a valid employment agreement pursuant to Applicable Laws may be granted Options hereunder. For the purpose of this Appendix A, when applicable, the rules set forth for an Employee will be applicable to the aforementioned corporate officers.

SECTION 3

STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

3.1 Stock Subject to the Plan. The total number of Options outstanding which may be exercised for newly issued Shares may at no time exceed that number equal to one-third of the Company’s voting stock, whether preferred stock of the Company or Common Stock. If any Optioned Stock is to consist of reacquired Shares, such Optioned Stock must be purchased by the Company, in the limit of 10% of its share capital, prior to the date of the grant of the corresponding new Option and must be reserved and set aside for such purposes. In addition, the new Option must be granted within one (1) year of the acquisition of the Shares underlying such new Option.

SECTION 4

LIMITATIONS

4.1 Limitations Upon Granting of Options.

4.1.1 Declaration of Dividend; Capital Increase. To the extent applicable to the Company, Options cannot be granted during the 20 trading days from (i) the date the Common Stock is trading on an ex-dividend basis or (ii) a capital increase.

 

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4.1.2 Non-Public Information. To the extent applicable to the Company, the Company will not grant Options during the closed periods required under Section L 225-177 of the French Commercial Code. As a result, notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, Options cannot be granted:

(a) during the ten (10) trading days preceding and following the date on which the consolidated accounts, or, if unavailable, the annual accounts, are made public;

(b) during the period between the date on which the Company’s governing bodies (i.e., the Committee) become aware of information which, if made public, could have a material impact on the price of the Shares, and the date ten (10) trading days after such information is made public.

4.1.3 Right to Employment. Neither the Plan nor any Option will confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuing the Participant’s employment relationship with the Company or any Subsidiary.

SECTION 5

EXERCISE PRICE

5.1 Exercise Price. The exercise price for the Shares to be issued pursuant to exercise of an Option will be determined by the Committee upon the date of grant of the Option and stated in the Award Agreement, but in no event will be lower than the higher of (i) eighty percent (80%) of the Fair Market Value on the date the Option is granted or of the average purchase price of these Shares by the Company, or (ii) the exercise price as determined under Section 5.3 of the Plan. The exercise price cannot be modified while the Option is outstanding, except as required by Applicable Laws.

SECTION 6

TERM OF OPTION

6.1 Term of Option. The term of each Option will be as stated in the Award Agreement; provided, however, that the maximum term of an Option will not exceed ten (10) years from the date of grant of the Option.

SECTION 7

EXERCISE OF OPTION; RESTRICTION ON SALE

7.1 Exercise of Option; Restriction on Sale.

7.1.1 Except as otherwise explicitly set forth in the Award Agreement, Options granted hereunder may be not be exercised within one (1) year of the date the Option is granted (the “Initial Exercise Date”) whether or not the Option has vested prior to such time; provided, however, that the Initial Exercise Date will be automatically adjusted to conform with any changes under Applicable Laws so that the length of time from the date of grant to the Initial Exercise Date when added to the length of time in which Shares may not be disposed of after the Initial Exercise Date as

 

-3-


provided in Section 7.1.2 below, will allow for favorable tax and social security treatment under Applicable Laws. Thereafter, Options may be exercised to the extent they have vested. Options granted hereunder will vest as the Committee determines, subject to Section 5.5 of the Plan.

7.1.2 The Shares subject to an Option may not be transferred, assigned or hypothecated in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution before the date three (3) years from the Initial Exercise Date, except for any events provided for in Article 91 ter of Annex II to the French tax code; provided, however, that the duration of this restriction on sale will be automatically adjusted to conform with any changes to the holding period required for favorable tax and social security treatment under Applicable Laws to the extent permitted under Applicable Laws.

7.1.3 Death of Participant. In the event of the death of an Participant while an Employee, the Option may be exercised at any time within six (6) months following the date of death by the Participant’s estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance, but only to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise the Option at the date of death.

SECTION 8

NON-TRANSFERABILITY OF OPTIONS

8.1 Non-Transferability of Options. An Option may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant.

SECTION 9

CHANGES IN CAPITALIZATION

9.1 Changes in Capitalization. If any adjustment provided for in Section 4.3 of the Plan to the exercise price and the number of shares of Common Stock covered by outstanding Options would violate Applicable Laws in such a way to jeopardize the favorable tax and social security treatment of this Plan together with this Appendix A and the Options granted thereunder, then no such adjustment will be made prior to the exercise of any such outstanding Option.

SECTION 10

INFORMATION STATEMENTS TO PARTICIPANTS

10.1 Information Statements to Participants. The Company or its French Parent or Subsidiary, as required under Applicable Laws, will provide to each Participant, with copies to the appropriate governmental entities, such statements of information as required by the Applicable Laws.

 

-4-


SECTION 11

AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION OF PLAN

11.1 Effect of Amendment or Termination. No amendment, alteration, suspension or termination of the Plan will impair the rights of any Participant, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Participant and the Committee, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Participant and the Company. Any favorable amendments or alterations are automatically deemed to be approved by Participant. Termination of the Plan will not affect the Committee’s ability to exercise the powers granted to it hereunder with respect to Options granted under the Plan prior to the date of such termination.

SECTION 12

REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS

12.1 Reporting to the Shareholders’ Meeting. The Subsidiary of the Company, if required under Applicable Laws, will provide its shareholders with an annual report with respect to Options granted and/or exercised by its Employees in the financial year.

 

-5-

EX-21.1 4 dex211.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Exhibit 21.1

 

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

 

Entity Name


  

Jurisdiction


1414c Inc.

   Delaware, USA

Accord Networks (UK) Ltd.

   United Kingdom

Accord Networks Management, Inc.

   Georgia, USA

Accord Networks, Inc.

   Georgia, USA

A.S.P.I Digital, Inc.

   Georgia, USA

Beijing Polycom Communications Products Maintenance Co., Ltd.

   Beijing, China

Beijing Bing Fei Communications Technology Co., Ltd.

   Beijing, China

DSTMedia Technology Co., Ltd

   Beijing, China

Octave Communications, Inc.

   Delaware, USA

Octave Communications Pte Ltd.

   Singapore

PictureTel Argentina

   Argentina

PictureTel Audio Holdings Inc.

   Massachusetts, USA

PictureTel Australia Pty. Ltd.

   Australia

PictureTel Company Ltd.

   Japan

PictureTel Corporation

   Delaware, USA

PictureTel FSC Ltd.

   U.S. Virgin Islands

PictureTel International BV

   Netherlands

PictureTel International Corporation

   Delaware, USA

PictureTel Mexico SA de CV

   Mexico

PictureTel Scandinavia AB

   Sweden

PictureTel Securities Corporation

   Massachusetts, USA

PictureTel Service Corporation

   Delaware, USA

PictureTel Venezuela SA

   Venezuela

PictureTel Videoconferencing Systems Corporation

   Delaware, USA

Polycom Canada, Ltd.

   Canada

Polycom (Cayman) Inc.

   Cayman Islands

Polycom (France), S.A.R.L.

   France

Polycom Global Limited

   Thailand

Polycom Global Pty Ltd.

   Australia

Polycom Global, Inc.

   Barbados

Polycom GmbH

   Germany

Polycom Hong Kong Limited

   Hong Kong

Polycom Israel Ltd.

   Israel

Polycom (Italy) S.r.l.

   Italy

Polycom (Japan) K.K.

   Japan

Polycom (Netherlands) B.V.

   Netherlands

Polycom Norway AS

   Norway

Polycom Nova Scotia Ltd.

   Canada

Polycom Nova Scotia ULC

   Canada

Polycom Peru SRL

   Peru

Polycom S de RL de CV

   Mexico

Polycom Solutions Pte Ltd.

   Singapore

Polycom Solutions (Spain) SL

   Spain

Polycom Telecomunicacoes do Brasil Ltda.

   Brazil

Polycom (United Kingdom) Ltd.

   United Kingdom

Polycom WebOffice Holding, Inc.

   Delaware, USA

Polycom WebOffice, Inc.

   Delaware, USA

Polycom WebOffice Israel, Ltd.

   Israel

Polycom (Switzerland) AG

   Switzerland

Polyspan NL Antilles N. V.

   Netherlands Antilles

Starlight Networks Inc.

   California, USA

Voyant Europe, Ltd.

   United Kingdom

Voyant Technologies, Inc.

   Delaware, USA
EX-23.1 5 dex231.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-97821) and in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-45351, 333-43059, 333-86681, 333-93419, 333-46816, 333-57778, 333-59820, 333-61952, 333-72544, 333-73574, 333-76312, 333-89168, 333-108049, 333-112025,333-116095 and 333-126819) of Polycom, Inc. of our report dated March 8, 2006 relating to the consolidated financial statements, the financial statement schedule, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K.

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

San Jose, California

March 8, 2006

EX-31.1 6 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION OF THE PRESIDENT AND CEO PURSUANT TO RULES 13A-14(C) AND 15D-14(A) Certification of the President and CEO pursuant to Rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(a)

Exhibit 31.1

 

CERTIFICATION

 

I, Robert C. Hagerty, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Polycom, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

March 10, 2006   By:   /s/    ROBERT C. HAGERTY        
   

Name:

  Robert C. Hagerty
   

Title:

  President and Chief Executive Officer
EX-31.2 7 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION OF THE SENIOR VP AND CFO PURSUANT TO RULES 13A-14(C) AND 15D-14(A) Certification of the Senior VP and CFO pursuant to Rules 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(a)

Exhibit 31.2

 

CERTIFICATION

 

I, Michael R. Kourey, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Polycom, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  c) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  d) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

March 10, 2006

 

By:

  /s/    MICHAEL R. KOUREY        
   

Name:

  Michael R. Kourey
   

Title:

  Senior Vice President, Finance and
Administration and Chief Financial Officer
EX-32.1 8 dex321.htm CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO 18 USC SECTION 1350, PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 Certifications pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350, pursuant to Section 906

Exhibit 32.1

 

Certification of the President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Robert C. Hagerty, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Annual Report of Polycom, Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Polycom, Inc.

 

March 10, 2006  

By:

  /s/    ROBERT C. HAGERTY        
   

Name:

  Robert C. Hagerty
   

Title:

  President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Certification of the Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Michael R. Kourey, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Annual Report of Polycom, Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Polycom, Inc.

 

March 10, 2006

 

By:

  /s/    MICHAEL R. KOUREY        
   

Name:

  Michael R. Kourey
   

Title:

  Senior Vice President, Finance and
Administration and Chief Financial Officer
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